Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum 
Volume XVI 
1892 
eBooks von / from Digitalisiert von / Digitised by 
Humboldt-Universität zu 
Berlin
CATALOGUE 

OF THE 

BIRDS 


JBEITISH MUSEUM, 


VOLUME XVI. 


LONDON: 
PRINTED BY OEDER OF THE TELTSTEES. 


1892. 


CATALOGUE 

OF THE 

PICARIJ) 


IS THE 

COLLECTION 

OF THE 

BRITISH MUSEUM. 

UPUPiE AND TROCHILI, 

BY 

OSBERT SALVIN. 

COEACI^, 

OE THE FAMILIES 

CYPSELHLE, CAPRIMULGIDJE, PODARGIILE, AND 
STEATORNITHIDJE, 


ERNST HABTERT. 

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUST 

SOL3> BY 
LOTOMA3SB & Co., 39 PATEENOSTEE EOW; 

B. QUARTICH, IS PICCADILLY; DULAU & co.,37 SOHO SQUARE? 
KEGAF PAUL & Co., PATEBKOSTEE HOUSE, CHAEIHG- CEOSS EOAD; 
A3SD AT THE 
BEITISH MUSEUM <3STATUEAL HISTOBY), CEOMWELL EOAD, S.W. 


1892. 

1 / >\ 

X 

y si 

\ -t , \*A/^ 

P&INTED BY TAYiOB AK3> FEiKCrS, 

KU> LION COUET, FLEET STREET. 

PEEEACE. 


THE preparation of the present volume was commenced in the year 
1887, but its publication has been delayed from several causes:— 
The desire of profiting by the most recent attempts at classification 

rendered changes in the serial arrangement of the families necessary 
; Mr. Salvin, who at first intended to undertake the whole 
of the Macroehirous families, together with the Podargidae, was 
prevented by other engagements from proceeding beyond the 
Trochilidse, so that a substitute had to be introduced to the work ; 
and, finally, the material to be catalogued was unusually heavy, as 
it not only comprises the two largest collections of Humming-Birds 
that have been made hitherto, viz. those of the late Mr. J. Gould 
and of Messrs. Godman and Salvin, but was also increased by the 
accessions of the last four years. Consequently the contents of 
this volume greatly exceed those of any of the previous ones, as 
will be seen from the following statement:— 

Species. Types. Specimens. 
Upupa* 16 4 448 
Trochili 482 161 8253 
Cypselidae.. 78 20 1500 
Caprimulgidee 86 20 1800 
Podargidee 24 6 271 
Steatornithidse 1 — 14 

687 211 12,286 

Of the 687 species recorded, 50 are not represented in the 
Museum; but besides the 211 types of species admitted as valid, 
the Collection contains 62 other typical specimens, the names of 

PEEPACE. 

which are now relegated to the synonymic lists. With regard to . 
the types of Trochilidse, their number cannot be given with absolute 
certainty, as Gould did not always pay regard to distinctive labelling 
or to the preservation of individual specimens which he would 
have wished to be regarded as the types of the species named and 
described by him. 

The Authors beg to acknowledge with many thanks the assistance 
they have received, chiefly by the loan of specimens for the purposes 
of comparison, from the United States [National Museum, the Free 
Public Museum of Liverpool, Graf von Berlepsch, the Hon. 
Walter Bothsehild, Mr. J. A. Allen of the American Museum of 
Natural History, Professor It. Hertwig of the Munich Museum, 

H. Seebohm, Esq., Count T. Salvadori, Br. Pleske, M. Jean Stolzmann, 
Professor JNTasonoff, Dr. Biittikofer, Dr. A. B. Meyer, Professor 
Lampert of the Stuttgart Museum, Canon Tristram, and others. 
ALBEBT GUXTHEE, 

Keeper of the Department of Zoology. 

British Museum (N.H.), 
June 32, 1892. 


SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 


Order PI CAR IM 

Suborder UPUP.E. 

Fam. UPUPID^. 
Page 

L. Upupa. Linn. .. 4 

1. epops, Linn 4 

2. indica, Reich 10 

3. marginata, Bp 13 

4. sornaJensis, Salv. .. 13, 655 

5. africana, Bechst 14 

Fam. IBBISOBIDJE. 

1. Irrisor, Less 16 

1. viridis (LicM.) 17 

2. ervthrorbyncbus (Lath). 19 

3. bollii, Kartl 20 

4. jacksoni, Skarpe .... 21 

2. Scoptelus, Cab. § Heine,. 21 

1. aterriraus (Steph.) 22 

2. notatus, Salv. 22,655 

3. eastaneiceps, Sharpe .. 23 

3. Rbinopomastus, Smith .. 23 

3. cyanomelas (Vieill.) .. 24 

2. minor (Rilpp.) .*.... 26 

3. eabanisi (Be FiL) .... 26 

Suborder TROCHILL 

TBOCHILI SEBBIBOSTBES. 

1. Heliotbrix, Bote 30 

1. auritus (Gm.) 30 

2. auriculatus (Nordm.) . 32 

3. barroti (Bourc.) .. 32, 655 

2. Scbistes, Gould ., 33 

1. geoffroyi {Bourc. fy 
Muls.) 34 

2. albogulaiis. Gould .... 34 

Page 

3. Augastes, Gould , 35 

1. superbus ( Vieill.) 35 

2. luinacbellus (Less.) .. 36 

4. Rbampbodon, Less 36 

1. naevius (JDumont).... 37 

5. Androdon, Gould 37 

1. sequatorialis, Gould .. 38 

6. Hemistephania, Reich. .. 38 

1. ludovicise (Bourc. fy 
Muls.) 39, 655 

2. rectixostris (Gould) .. 39 

3. veraguensip (Salv.) .. 40 

4. jobannsB (Bourc.) . 40, 655 

7. Grlaucis, Bole 41 

1. Hrsuta (Gm.) .... 41,655 

2. dobrni (Bourc) 43 

8. Chlorostilbon, Gould 44 

1. aurieeps, Gould ...... 45 
2. forficatua, Ridgw 46 
3. caniveti (Less.) .. 46,656 
4. splendidus ( Vieill.) .. 49 
5. pucberani (Bourc.) .. 50 
6. angustipennis (Fraser) 52 
7. baeberlini (Reich.) .. 53 
8. melanorbyncbus, Gould 53 
9." pumilus, Gould 54 
10. assimilis, Lawr 54 
11. atala (Less.) 55 
12. prasinus (Less.) 56 

13. peruamis, Gould 57 

9. Sporadinus, Bp 57 

1. ricordi (Gerv.) 57 

2. maugsei (Vieill) .... 58 

3. elegans (Vieill.) 59 

10. Iacbe, Elliot 59 

1. latirostris (Sw.) 60 

2. magica (Muls.fy Verr.) 61 

3. lawrencii, Berl. 61 

4. doubledayi (Bourc.) .. 62 

5. nitida, Sah. fy Godm.. 62 

SYSTEMATIC C INDEX. 

Page 

11. 
Phosoptila, Gould 63 
] . sordida (Gould) 63 

12. Aitburus, Cab. § Heine .. 64 

1. polytmus (Linn.) .... 64 

13. Microchera, Gould ...... 6Q 

1. albocoronata (Laior.) . Q6 
% parvirostris (Laior.) 67, 650 
14 Callipbarus, Elliot 67 

1. nigriventris (Laior.) .. 67 

15. Panycblora, Cab. fy Heine 68 

1. inexpeetdta, Berl 69 

2. poortmani (Bourc.) 69, 656 

3. euchloris (Reich.) .... 70 

4. alicia3 [Bourc.).... 70,656 

5. laicans, Salv 71,656 

6. russata, Salv. $ Godm. 71 

7. stenura, Cab. ty Heine. 71 

16. Euplierusa, Gould 72 

1. eximia {Delaitre) . 72, 656 

2. egregia, Scl. # Salv. .. 73 

3. poliocerca, Elliot .... 74 

17. Elvira, Muls. § Verr 74 

1. chionura (Gould) .... 74 

2. cupreiceps (Later.) .. 75 

18. Tlinlurania, Goidd 76 

1. glaucopis (Gm.) ... 77 

2. townsendi, Ridgw 78 

3. bypoclilora, Gould.... 78 

4. •watertoni (Bourc.) .. 78 

5. columbica (Bourc.) 79,656 

6. eripliile (Less.) 80 

7. fannise (Bourc. fy Del.) 81 

8. nigrofasciata (Gould) . 82 

9. tscbudii, Gould 83 

10. jelskii, Tacz. 84 

11. furcata {Gm.) 84 

12. furcatoides, Gould 85 

13. refulgens, Gould 86 

14. bieolor (Gm.) 86 

19. 
Hypuroptila, Gould 87 
1." i n fiord (Less.) 87 

2. 
caeruleiventris (Reich.) 
88, 656 

3. uroclirysea, Gould .... b0 

4. isaura^ Goidd 89 

5. melanorrboa {Salv.) 
.. 90 

20. Lampornis, Sio 91 

1. mango {Linn.) ...... 91 

2. violicauda (Bodd.) 92, 657 

3. gramineus (Gm.) .... 95 

4. calosoma, Elliot 96 

5. dominicus (Linn.) .... 96 

6. virginalis, Gould .... 97 

7. prevosti (Less.) 98 

8. liendersoni, Cory .... 99 

Page 

9. veraguensis, Gould .. 99 
10 yindls (Vieill) 100 

21. Pinarolaerna, Gould 101 

1. buckleyi, Gould .. 101 

22. Avocettula, Reich 101 

1. recurvirostris (Sic.) .. 101 

23. Eulampis, Bote 102 

1. jugularis (Linn ) . ..102 

2. boloserieeus (Linn.) .. 104 

24. 
Petasopkora, Gray...... 105 

1. serrirostris ( Vieill.) 
.. 106 

2. iolata, Gould 107,657 

3. 
germana, Salv. $* 
Godm 108 

4. corascans, Gould 109 

5. tbalassina (Sw.).. 109, 657 

6. c\anoti& (Bourc.) . 110, 657 

7. delphinse (Less.).. Ill, 657 

25. 
Cbn solampis, Boie .... 113 

1. rnoscliilus (Linn.) . 113, 057 

TEOCHILI IXTERMEDH. 

26. Pteropbanes, Goidd 117 

1. temmwciii(JBoiss.) 118,657 

27. Heliom aster, Bp. ...... 119 

1. furcifer {Shaw) 119 

28. Lepidolarynx, Reich 120 

1. niesoleucus (Temm.).. 120 

29. 
Diphlosrama. Gould...... 121 
l.m&XGould) .. 121 

2. helper us, Gould ...... 122 

3. aurora (Gould) 122 

30. Ilelianthea, Gould 123 

1. typica, Bp 124, 658 

2. bonapartii (Boiss.) 124, 658 

3. eos, Gould 125 

4. Jutetia (Bel, § Muls.). 126 

5. violifera (Goidd) ... 126 

6. osculans, Goidd 127 

7. dichroura, Tacz ... 128 

31. Bourcieria, Bp. 128 

1. inca, Gould.. 129 

2. insectivora (Tsch.) 129 

3. conradi (Bourc.)...... 130 

4. torquata (Boiss.) . 130,658 

5. fulgidigula, Gould.... 131 

32. Eudosia, Muls. ...... . 132 

1. traviesi (Muls. $ Verr.) 132 

33. 
Larnpropygia, Retch..... 132 

1. prunelUi (Bourc. 8f 
Muls.) 133 

2. assimilis (Elliot) .... 134 

3. purpurea {Gould) .... 134 

4. wilsoni (Bel. $ Bourc.) 134 

SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 

Page 

5. coeligena (Less.) .... 135 

6. colurabiana, Elliot. 135, 658 

7. boliviana,6-W<# 136 

34. Cyanolesbia, Stej. 136^ 

1. gorgo (Reich.) .. 137, 658 

2. coelestis {Gould) 139 

3. moeoa (Bel. fy Bourc.) 140 

4. smaragdina (Gottld) .. 140 

5. griseiventris, Tacz. ., 137 

35. Zodalia, Muls 141 

1. glyceria, Bp 141 

2. ortord (Lawr.) ...... 142 

36. Sappho, Reich. 142 

1. sparganura (Shaw) .. 143 

2. phaon (Gould) 144 

3. caroli (Bou?*c.) 144 

37. Xeolesbia, Salv 145 

1. nehrkorni (Berl.) .... 145 

38. Lesbia, Less 146 

1. victoriae (Bourc. fy 
Muls.) 146,658 

2. eucbaris (Bourc.) 147 

3. nuna (Less.) 148 

4. gouldi (Lodd.) .. 149, G58 

39. Metallura, Gould 150 

1. opaca (Tsch.) 150 

2. jelskii, Cab 151 

3. cbloropogon (Cab. $* 
Heine) 151 

4. seneicauda (Gould) .. 152 

5. tyrianthina (Lodd.) 152,658 

6. smaragdinicollis (oVOrb. 
f Lafr.) 154 

7. primolma, Bourc 154 

8. williami, Bourc. 155 

9. eupogon, Cab 155 

40. Eustephanus, Reich 156 

1. galerltus (Mol) .. 150, 659 

2. fernandensis (King) 
157,659 

3. leyboldi, Gould ...... 158 

41. Panterpe? Cab.fy Heine .. 158 

1. insignis, Cab. $* Heine. 158 

42. Heliangelus, Gould 159 

1. clarissae (de Long.) 160, 659 
_ 2, laticlavius, Salv... 160,659 

3. ametbysticollis (dOrb. 
£ Lafr.) 161 

4. stropbianus (Gould) .. 161 
_ _ 5. violicoUis, Salv... 162,659 

6. spencii (Bourc.) 162 

7. mayors, Gould 163 

43. Heliotrypha, Gould...... 164 

1. viola. (Gould) 164 

2. exortis (Eraser) .. 165, 659 

Page 

3. micrastur (Gould) .... 166 

4. barrali, Muls. ty Verr.. 166 

5. speciosa, Salv 167,659 

44. Urosticte, Gould 167 

1. benjamini (Bourc.) .. 167 

2. intermedia, Tacz. .... 168 

3. ruficrissa, Lawr 169 

45. Adelomyia, Bp 169 

1. melanogenys (Eraser) 
169,659 

2. seneotincta, Simon.... 171 

3. cervina, Gould 171 

4. inornata (Gould) 172 

46. AnthocephalajC^.c^JEfe^e 172 

1. floriceps (Gould) .... 172 

47. PhlogopMlus, Gould .... 173 

1. heniileucurus, Gould . 173 

48. Polytmus, Briss 174 

1. tbaumantius(Zz?2?z.)174,659 

2. viridissimus (Vieill.).. 176 

3. leucorrhous, Scl.fySalv. 176 

49. Doleromyia, Bp 177 

1. fallax (Bourc.\ 177 

50. Leucocbloris, Reich 178 

1. albicollis (Vieill.) .... 178 

51. Agyrtria, Reich 178 

1. niveipectus, Cab. fy 
Heine 180,659 

2. leucogaster (Gm.) 181 

3. viridiceps (Gould) 181 

4. millen (Bourc.) .. 182,660 

5. cseruleiceps (Gould) .. 183 

6. nitidifrons (Gould) ..183 

7. neglecta (Elliot) .... 183 

8. bartletti (Gould) 184 

9. brevirostris (Less.) .. 185 

10. affims (Gould) 185 

11. alleni, Elliot 186 

12. Yiridissima (Less.).... 186 

13. maculicauda (Gotdd).. 188 

14. Incise (Lawr.) 188 

15. fluviatilis (Gould) .... 188 

16. apicalis (Gould) .. 189, 660 

17. Candida (Bourc. §* 
Muls.) 190,660 

18. tephrocepbala ( Vieill.). 191 

19. nitidicanda (Elliot) .. 192 

20. nigiicauda (Elliot).... 192 

21. compsa, Heine 192 

22. taezanowskii (Scl.) .. 193 

52. Arinia, Muls 193 

1. boucardi, Muls 193 

53. Cyanomyia, Bp 194 
t L yexticalis (Licht.) 194 
J 2. violiceps, Gould 196 

SYSTEMATIC INDES. 

Page 

3. viridifrons, Elliot 196 
4. niicrorhyncha, Elliot.. 197 
5. cyanocephala (Less.).. 197 
6. guatenialensis, Gould 
198,660 
7. francise (Bourc.fy Muls.) 
199,660 
8. cyaneicollis (Gould) . . 199 
54. Leucippus, Bp 200 
1. chionog-aster (Tsch.) .. 200 
2. pallidus, Tt e 201 
3. chlorocercus, GWcJ .. 201 
4. viridieauda, Berl 202 
55. Amazilia, Reich 203 
1. pristina, Gould 205 
2. leucopheea, Reich 205 
8. alticola, Gould 20(5 
4. dumerili {Less,) 206 
5. cinnamomea (Less.) 207,660 
6. graysoni, Lawr 209 
7. Wyllina (ZicM.) .... 209 
8. devillii (Bourc.).. 211, 660 
9. castaneiventris, Gould. 212 
10. cyanura, Gould .. 212, 661 
11. ocai, Gould 213 
^ 12. sumichrasti, Sato. 213, 661 
13. yucatanensis (Cabot) .. 214 
14. cerviniventris, Gould . 214 
15. lnwrentii, Elliot.. 215,661 
16. riefferi (Bourc.) .. 216, 661 
17. viridiventris (Reich.) 
219,661 
18. iodura (Belch.) 219 
19. lucida, Elliot 220 
20. cupreicauda, Sato. § 
Oodm 220 
21. edwardi (Del. 8r Bourc.) 221 
22. niveiventris (Gould) .. 221 
23. warszewiezi (Cab. fy 
Seine) 222 
24. saucerottii (Bourc. § 
Del) 223 
25. so^hlm (BourcSf Muls.) 224 
26. eryihronota (Less.) .. 225 
27. tobaci (Gm.) 226 
28. feliciaj (Less.) . 226 
29. elegans (Gould) 227 
30. cyanifrons (Bourc.) .. 227 
m. Floricola, Elliot ... 228 
1. longirostris ( Vieill.)229,260 
2. albicrissa (Gould) .... 231 
3. constant! (Delattre)2Sl, 661 
4. leocardise (Bourc.) 232 
57. Cyanophaia, Reich 233 
1. cseruleigularis (Gould) 233 
Page 

2. goudoti (Bourc.) 234 
3. luminosa (Lawr.) .... 235 
58. Damopliila, Reich 235 
1. julias (Bourc.) ...... 236 
2. pananiensis, BerL .... 237 
59. Polyerata, Heine 237 
1. amabilis (Gould) .... 237 
^ 2. decora, Sato ... . 238,662 
60. Eucephala, Reich 239 
1. grayi (Del $ Bourc) . 239 
2. smaragdinea (Gould).. 240 
3. pvropvgia, Sal v. 4' 
"Godm 241 
4. eHorocephala (Bourc.) 241 
5. cserulea ( Vieill.) 241 
6. cyanogenys ( Wied) .. 243 
7. scapulata, Gould .... 243 
8. cseruleo-Ln ata, Gould . 244 
9. hypocyanea, Gould .. 244 
10. subcaerulea, Elliot .... 244 
61. Hylocharis, Bote 245 
1. jsappliirina ( Gm.) .... 245 
2. cyanea ( Vieill) ...... 240 
8. lactea (Less.) .... 247 
62. Chiysiironia, Bp 248 
1. oenone (Less.).... 248,1*62 
2. neera (Less.) 249 
3. itumboldti (Bourc. fy 
Muls.) 250 
4. eliclae (Bourc. 4" Muls.) 
251,662 
5. ruficollis {Vieill) 251 
63. Basilinna, Boie 252 
1. leucotis (Vieill.).. 252,602 
2. xantusi (Lawr.) .. k2Z>o 
TBOCHILI LJSVTROSTBES. 

64. Eutoxeres, Reich. 261 
1. aquila (Bourc.) .. 261, 662 
2. heterura, Gould 262 
3. salvini, Gould 262 
4. condaminil (Bourc.) .. 263 
65. Threnetes, Gould 26^ 
1. leucurus (Linn.) 264 
2. cervinic9XL&8t,Go-uld2GOj G62 
8. rudkeri (Bourc.) 265 
4. fraseri (Gould) 266 
5. antoniae (Bourc. & 
Mids.) 26G 
66. Phaethornis, JSw 267 
1. guyi (Less.) 268 
2. emilise (Bmrc.Sf Muk.) 
268,662 
3. yaruqui (Bourc.) .... 269 
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 

Page 

4. superciliosus (Linn.) 
270,662 
5. longirostris (Less, & 
Bel.) 272,663 
6. bolivianus, Gould 
.... 273 
7. Mspldus (Gould) . 273, 663 
8. syraiatopborus, Gould. 274 
9. antliophilus 
(Bourc. Sc 
Muis.) 275 
10. eurynonie (Less.) .... 276 
11. squalidiu (Xatt.) 276 
11a. rupurumii, Boucard. . 663 
12. angnsti (Bourc.) .... 277 
13. pretrii (Less. 8? Bel.).. 277 
14. nattereri, Bed 278 
15. bourcieri (Less.) 278 
16. pbilippii (Bourc. fy 
Muls.) 279 
Q7. Pygmorais, Bp 280 

1. griseigularis (Gould) 
280, 663 
2. striigularis (Gould) .. 281 
3. adolphi (Gould).. 282,663 
4. longuemarii (Less.) .. 283 
5. Idaliae (Bourc. § 
Muls.) 284 
6. epi&copus (Gould). 284, 663 
7. pygmseus (Spiv) 285 
8. nigricinetus (Laiur.) .. 286 
68. 
Splienoproctus, Cab. 8? 
Heine 286 
1. panipa {Less.) 286 
2. curvipennis (Licht.) .. 287 
69. 
Canipylopterus, Sw 288 
1. largipennis (Bodd.) . . 288 
2. obscurus, Gould ...... 289 
3. ensipennis (Sic.) 290 
4. bemileueuras (Licht.) 
291,664 
5. lazulus (VieilL) .. 292; 664 
6. villavicencio (Bourc.) . 293 
7. pbainopeplus, Salv. fy 
Godm. 294 
8.rufus,£m 294,664 

9. byperytbrus, Cab 295 
70. 
Eupetomena, Gould 295 
1. macrura (Gm.) 295 
2. hirundo, Gould 296 
71. 
Apbantocbroa, Gotdd 297 
1. cirrocbloris (F/«7Z.) .. 297 
2. byposticta, Gould 
.... 298 
3. gularis, Gould . 298 
72. Phoeochroa, Gould 299 
1. omen (Bel $ Bourc.) 299 
2. roberti (Salv.) . 300 
Page 

73. Sternoetyta, Gould 300 
1. cyaneipectus (Gould) . 300 
74. Urocbroa, Gould 301 
1. bougueri (Botirc.) 
.... 301 
75. Eugenes, Gould
1. fulgens (Sw.)
2. speotabilis (Lawr.)
76. 
Coeligena, Less
1. cleniencias (Less.)
77. Oreopyra, Gould
1. leucaspis, Gould
2. cinereicauda, Laior.
3. calolseina, Salv
4. pectoralis, Salv. .
78. Delattria, Bp
1. henrici {Less. $ Bel) . 308 
2. raargaretbae, Salv. ty 
Godm 310 
3. viridipallens, Bourc. fy 
Muls 310,664 
3a. sybillas, Salv. fy Godm. 664 

4. beinileuca (Salv.)
79. Clytokema, Gould
1. rubinea (Gm.)
2. aurescens [Gould)
80. Lamprolsenia, Gould
1. rbami (Lets.)
81. Docimastes, Gould
1. ensiferub (Boiss.)
82. Eugenia, Gould 
.... 311 
311 
312 

 .... 313 

 .... 314 
314 
315 

. 315, 664 
316 

Godm

84. Iotema, Gould
1. scbreibersi (Bourc.)
2. wbitelyana, Gould
3. luminosa, Elliot......
85. Lampraster, Tacz
1. branickii, Tacz
86. Pbseolsema, Reich
1. rubinoides (Bourc.
Muls.)...m 
302 
302 
.. 304 
304 
304 
305 
306 
.. 307 
307 
308,664 
308 

1. imperatiix, Gould .... 316 
83. Heliodoxa, Gould 317 
1. leadbeateri (Bourc. fy 
Muls.) 317,664 
2. jacula, Gould .... 
319,665 
3. jamesoni (Bourc.) 320 
4. xantbogonys, Salv. <§* 
321 
321 
.. 321 
.. 322 
323 
323 
323 
324 
§• 

: 324 

2. cervinigularis, ##/?;.325,665 
3. sequatorialis, Gotdd .. 325 
87. Hylonympha, Gould .... 325 
1. macroeerca, Gould .. 326 
88. 
Lafresnaya, Bp 326 
1. 
flavicaudata (Fraser) 
326, 625 
2. gayi (Bourc. 8? Muls.) 327 
SYSTEMATIC INDES. 

Xll 

Page 

89. Florisuga, Bp...^ 328 
1. mellivora {Linn.) 
329, 666 
2. fmc& (Vieili) 331 
90. Topaza, Gray 332 
1. pella (Linn.) 332 
2. pyra, Gould 333 
91. 
Oreotrochilus, Gould 334 
1. pichincba (Bourc. $* 
Muls) 334 
2. 
chimborazo (Del. § 
Bourc) 835 
3. estellse (d'Orb. SfLafr.) 335 
4. leucopleurus, Gould 
336, 666 
5. melanogaster, Gould ,. 337 
0. adela (d'Orh. § Lafr.) 837 
92. Orecmynipha, Gould .... 838 
1. noifalis, Gould 388 
98. Oxypogon, Gould 889 
1. lindeni (Boiss) 339 
2. guerini (Boiss) .. 
340, 665 
3. 
cyanolsenius, Sal v. fy 
Godm 341 
94. Rhamphomicron, Bp. . . 341 
1. 
microrhynchum 
(Boiss.) 842,665 
2. dorsale, Sah. $ Godm. 343 
3. 
beteropogon (Boiss.) 
343, 665 
4. olivaceum, Laior 344 
5. Stanley! (Bourc. fy 
Muls) 344 
6. vulcani, Gould 345 
7. lierrani (Del. fy Bourc.) 345 
8. ruficeps (Gould) .... 346 
95. Opistkoprora,Ci3&. § Heine 347 
1. euryptera (Lodd) 347 
96. Patagona, Gray 348 
1. gigas (Vieili) .. 
348, 666 
97. Aglasactis, Gould 349 
1. cupreipennis (Bourc. 8? 
Muls.) 350,666 
2. caumatonota, Gould .. 351 
3. 
castelnaudi (Bourc. 8f 
Muls.) 351 
4. paniela (d'''Orb. $Lafr) 352 
98. Bellona, Muls. § 
Verr. .. 352 
1. cristata (Linn.) 353 
2. ornata (Gould) 354 
3. exilis (Gm.) 354 
99. Loddigesia, Bp. .. 355 
1. inirabilis (Bourc.) .... 355 
100. Cepbalolepis, Lodd. .... 356 
1. deMm&i (Vieili) ... . 356 
2. loddigesi (Gould) 
.... 357 
Page 

101. Abeillia, 5 p 358 
1. typica, 2Jp 358, 666 
102. Klais, Reich 359 
1. guimeti (Bourc. <$• 
Muh.) 359,666 
103. Eriocnemis, Reich 360 
1. derbvi (Del. &> Bourc) 362 
2. almas (Bourc.) 363 
8. vestita {Long.) .. 368, 666 
4. smaragdinipectus, Old. 364 
5. ventralis, tialv. .. 864, C66 6. 
nigrivestis (Bourc.) .. 365 
7. godini (Bourc ) 365 
8. luciani (Bourc.) 806 
9. glaucopoides 
(d'Orh. § 
Lafr.) 367 
10. cupreh entris (Eraser) 
307, 666 
11. chrysorania, Elliot .. 363 
12. simplex, Gould 80S 
13. dyselius, HI Hot 868 
14. nioquera (Bourc. % 
Del) 869 
15. isaacsoni (Barz.) .... 369 
16. aurelife (Bourc. § 
Muh) ...... 370, COG 
17. russata, Goidd 370 
18. assimilis, Elliot 871 
19. lugens (Gould) 871 
20. squamata, Gould .... 371 
21. incultus, Elliot .. 372 
104. Panoplites, Gould .... 872 
1. jardinii (Bourc) .... 372 
2. mattbewfci (Bourc.) .. 873 
3. flavescens (Lodd) 374, 000 
105. Spatbura, Gould ...... 875 
1. underwoodi (Less) 375, 606 
2. melananthera, Jard... 376 
3. solstitialis, Gould .... 377 
4. peruana, Gould 878 
5. adda3 (Bourc) 378 
106. Ehodopib, Rnch 379 
1. vesper (Less.) 379 
2. atacamensis (Leyb) .. 380 
107. Doriclia, Reich 380 
1. enicura (Vieili) . 381, 667 
2. eliz83 (Less. $ Del) .. 382 
3. evelynas (Bourc) .... 383 
4. lyrura, Gould........ 383 
5. bryantse, Later. 384 
108. Tilmatura, Reich. ...... 885 
1. duponti (Less.) . . 385, 607 
109. Calliphlox, Boie 386 
1. amethystina (Gm) . . 386 
2. mitchelli (Bourc) .... 3,^8 
SYSTEMATIC TNDEX. 

Page 

110. 
Smaragdochrysis, Gould 3y8 
1. irideseens, Gould 388 
111. Ptocboptera, Elliot .... 389 
1. iolsema {Reich.) 389 
112. Calothorax, Gray. ..... 390 
1. lucifer (Sw.) .' 390 
2. pulcbra, Gould 391 
113. Selaspborus, Sw 391 
1. floresii, Gould 392 
2. rufus (Gm.) 392 
3. alleni, Hensh 394 
4. scintilla, Gould 395 
5. torrid as, Salv 395 
6. platycercus (Sic.) 396 
7. ardens, Salv 398 
8. flamniula, Salv 398 
114. Trocbilus, Linn 398 
1. colubris, Linn. .. 399, 667 
2. alexandri, Bourc. § M. 402 
115. Calypte, Gould 403 
1. annse (Less.) 403 
2. costae (Bourc.) 404 
3. lielence (Lenib.) 405 
116. Acestrura, Gould 406 
1. mulsanti (Bourc.) 406, 667 
2. decorata (Gould) . ..408 
3. beliodori (Bourc.) 408, 667 
4. micrura (Gould) 409 
117. Mellisuga, Briss 409 
1. minima (Linn.) 409 
118. Catharma, Elliot 410 
1. ortbura (Less.) 410 
119. Atthis, Reich 411 
1. beloisae (Less, fy Eel.) 411 
2. ellioti, Ridgw. .. 412, 667 
120. Stellula, Gould 413 
1. calliope (Gould) 413 
121. Cbsetocercus, Gray 414 
1. rosse (Bourc. § MuLs) 414 
2. jourdani (Bourc.) 415 
3. burmeisteri, Scl 415 
4. bombus, Gould 416 
122. Myrtis, Reich 416 
1. fanny (Less.) 417 
2. yarrelli (Bourc.) 418 
123. Tbaumastura, Bp 418 
1. cora (Less. <§-Gam.).. 418 
124. Lopbornis, Less 419 
1. ornatus (Bodd.).. 420, 667 
2. gouldi (Less.) ' 421 
3. magrnificus (Vieill.) . . 422 
4. reimlus (Gould) 423 
5. delattrii (Less.) .. 423, 668 
6. stictolopbus, 
Salv. § 
Elliot 424, 668 
7. belense (Eel.) 425 
8. adorabilis, Salv 425 
9. chalybaeus (Vieill.) .. 426 
10. verreauxi (Bourc.) 4:27, 668 
11. 
pavoninus, Solo, fy 
Godm 427 
125. 
Prymnacantha, Cab. $ 
Heine 428 
1. popelairii (Eu Bus) 
428, 668 
2. langsdorffi (Bonn, fy 
Vieill.) 429 
3. 
conversi (Bourc. fy 
Muls.) 430 
4. letitiae (Bourc.) 431 
126. Discura, Reich. 431 
1. longicanda (Gm.) 431 
127. Heliactin, Boie 432 
1. cornuta (Wied) 433 
Suborder COJ&ACLE. 

Fam. CYPSELIDJE. 

Subfam. I. CYPSELINJE. 

1. Micropus, Mey. $ Wolf . 437 
1. melba (L.) 438 
a. africanus (Temm.).. 440 
2. eequatorialis (Mull.).. 441 
3. 
apus (L.) 442 
a.pekinensis(&MH»A.).. 444 
|3. minimis (Brehm).. 446 
4. barbatus (Scl.) 447 
5. unicolor (Jardine) .... 448 
6. pacificus (Lath.) .... 448 
7. leuconyx (Blyth) 450 
8. caffer (Licht.) 450 
a. streubeli (Eartl).. 452 
9. borus (Eeugl.) 452 
10. toulsoni (Bocage) 453 
11. a,timis (GraySrHardw.) 453 
12. subfurcatus (Blyth) .. 456 
13. andicola (Lafr. fy 
d'Orb.) 457 
14. montivagus (d'Orb.).. 458 
15. myoptilus (Salvad.) .. 459 
16. niansae (Reichen.) ..., 459 
2. Aeronautes, Hartert.... 459 
1. melanoleucus (Baird). 459 
3. Panyptila, Cab 1. 461 
1. cayanensis (Gm.) 461 
2. sanctihieronymi,#aJtfm 462 
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 

Page 

4. laebornis, Gosse 462 
1. parva (Licht.) 463 
a. gracilis (Sharpe) .. 464 
2. batasbiensis (J. E. 
Gray) 466 
3. infumata (Scl) 467 
4. phoenicobia, Gosse .. 468 
5. 
Claudia, Hartert 469 
L squamata (Cass.) .... 469 
Subfam. II. CmETUHixiE. 

6. Chretura, Steph 470 
1. caudacuta (Lath.) .... 472 
2. nudipes, Hodgs 474 
3. gigantea (Temm.).... 475 
4. indica, Hume 475 
5. celebensis (Salv.) .... 476 
6. zonaris (Shaw) 476 
a. albicincta (Cab.) .. 478 
7. biscutata, Scl 479 
8. semicollaris (Sauss.) .. 479 
9. pelagica (L.) 480 
10. vauxi (Totons.) . 481 
11. gaumeri, Lator....... 482 
12. cinereieauda (Cass.) .. 482 
13. spinicauda (Temm.) .. 483 
14. fumosa, Salvin 483 
15. poliura (Temm?) ,... 484 
16. sclateri, JPelz. .. 485 
17. cinereiventris, Scl 485 
a. guianensis, Hartert 486 
18. acuta (Gm.) 486 
19. picina, Tweedd. 487 
20. novasguineae, WAlb. $ 
Salvad 487 
21. sabinei, J. £. Gray .. 487 
22. ussheri, Sharpe 488 
23. cassini, Scl 488 
24. boebmi, Schdlow 489 
25. grandidieri, Schleg, .. 489 
26. sylvatica (Tick.) 489 
27. leucopygialis (Blyth).. 490 
28. cocbinebineiisis, Oust 491 
29. klaesii (Biittik.) 491 
30. ancbietse, Sousa 492 
31. stictilsema (Meichen.) . 492 
7. Cypseloides, Streubel .... 492 
1. rutilus (Vieill) 493 
2. brunneitorques (Lafr.) 493 
3. niger (Gm.) 494 
a. borealis (Kenn.) 495 
4. fumigatus (Streubel).. 496 
5. senex (Temm.) 496 
8. Callocalia, Gray ........ 496 
1. lowi (Sharpe) 498 
2. fueipbaga (Thunb.) .. 498 
a. 
brevirostris [Me-
Clell) 501 
3. leucophsea (Peale).... 502 
4. irmomirtata, Hume .. 503 
5. francica (Gm.) 503 
a. inexpectata, Hume . 505 
j3. 
merguiensis, Hartert 
506 

6. leueopygia, Wallace .. 506 
7. troglodytes, Gray .... 507 
8. uropygfalis, Gray .... 507 
9. marginata, Salvad. 508 
10. limU, Horsf. $ Moore* 508 
11. esculenta (L.) 509 
12. neglecta, Gray 510 
13. natalis, Lister 511 
Subfam. Il l MACBOPTEBYGIX^E. 

9. 3Iacroptervx, Swains. .. 512 
1. coronata (Tick.) 512 
2. longipennis (Rajin.) .. 514 
3. wallacei (Gould) 515 
4. mystacea (Less.) .... 516 
5. comata (Temm.) 517 
Fam. CAPBIMULGID^, 

Subfam. I. CAPEEvrcxG-EN'-aE. 

1. Caprimulgus, L 521 
1. europseus, L. ...... .. 526 
a. unwmi, Hume .... 528 
(3. plumipes, Prjev, ., 530 
2. ruficollis, Temm. .... 531 
-3. rufigena, Smith ...... 532 
4."*fr8enatus, Salvad. .... 533 
5. fervidus, Sharpe .... 534 
J>» pectorals, Cuv....... 534 
7. 
madagascariensis, 
Sganzin .......... 535 
8. lentiginosus, Smith 4, 536 
9. macrurus, Hoi'sf. .... 537 
"*"" a. albanotatus. Tick,.. 540 
10. atripenmsTSerfi 542 
11. andamanicus, Hume , . 543 
12. manilensis, Walden .. 544 
13. pbalsena, Hartl ty 
Fimch ...,. 545 
14. poliocepbalus, Hupp. . 546 
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 
Page | 

15. monticola, Franhl. .. 547 
TG. affinis, Horsf. 549 
TT. griseatus, Gray 550 

18. fossil, Hartl 551 
"a. clarus, Beichen 552 

19. jotaka, Temm. fy 
Schleg 552 

a. kelaarti, Blyth .... 555 

20. inornatus, JBLeugl. 556 
2TTasiaficus; Lath 558 
22rmfblciis; Licht 560 

23. rmrfrrattensis, Sykes .. 561 

24. aegyptius, Licht 562 

25. €5x^5^ Temm 563 

26. natalensis, Smith .... 564 
aTTulviventris, Hartl.. 564 

27. carolinensis, Gm 565 

28. mfns, Bodd 566 

29. sericeoeaudatus (Cass.). 567 

30. salvini, Hartert 568 

31. yociferus, Wils 568 

a. macromystax, Wagl. 570 

32. cubanensis (Lawr.) .. 571 

33. saturatus (Salvin) .... 572 

34. nigrescens, Cab 572 

35. wfiitelyi (Salvin) .... 573 

36. parvulus, Gould 574 

37. maculicaudus (Lawr.). 575 

38. yucatanieus, Hartert . 575 

39. binotatus, Bp 576 

40. concretus, Bp 576 

41. enarratus, Gray 577 

42. oeellatus, Tsch 578 

43. pulehellus, Salvad. .. 579 

2. Phalsenoptilus, Ridgw. .. 579 

1. nuttalli (And.) .. 579 

3. Otophanes, Brewst 581 

9. Oosmetornis, Gray 595 

1. vexillarius {Gould) .. 595 

10. Scotornis, Sw 596 

1. climacurus (Vieill.) .. 596 

11. Hydropsalis, Wagl .... 598 

1. torquata (Gm.) 598 

2. imoitem (Vieill) .... 599 

3. climacocerus, Tsch. .. 600 

4. scbomburglri, Scl 601 

12. Macropsalis, Sri. 601 
l.lyra(%) 602 

2. segmentata (Cass.) .. 602 

3. forcipata (Nitzsch) .. 603 

13. 
Lyneornis, Gould 603 
L cerviniceps, Gould 604 

2. macrotis (Vig.) 605 

3. mindanensis, Tiveedd.. 605 

4. maeropterus, Bp 605 

5. temmincln, Gould.... 606 

6. papuensis (Schleg.) .. 606 

14. Eurostopus, Gould 607 

1. albigularis (Vig. ty 
Horsf.) 607 

2. argiis, Hartert 6C8 

3. rtigripennis, Bams. .. 609 

15. Chordeiles, Sw 609 

1. virginiamis (Gm.) .... 610 

a. henryi, Cass 612 
|3. cbapmam, Coues .. 613 

y. minor, Cab 613 

2. acutipennis (Bodd.) .. 614 

a. pruinosus (Tsch.) .. 616 
/3. texensis, Lawr 616 

3. rupestris (Spix) 617 

4. pusillus, Gould 618 

16. Nyctiprogne, Bp 619 

1. leucopygia (Spix) .... 619 

1. macleodi, B?*eu*st. ... . 581 17. Podager, Wagl. 619 

4. SteDopsis7 Cass 582 1. nacimda ( Vieill.) 619 

1. candicans, Feb....... 582 18. Lurocalis, Cass 621 


2. cayennensis (Gm.).... 583 1. semitorquatus (Gm.) . 621 

3. runeervix, Scl.»

4. longirostris (Bp.)

5. deeussata (Tsch.)

5. Nyctidromns, Goicld ....

1. albicollis (Gm.)

a. merrilli, Bennett....

6. SiphonorMs, ScL

1. americanus (L.)

 584 2. rufiyentris, Tacz 622 
585 
586 
587 Subfam. II. NYCTiBiiNiE. 
587 

 591 19. N/ctibius, Vieill. 623 
591 1. bracteatus, Gould 623 
592 2. leucopterus (Wied) .. 624 

7. Heleothreptus, Gray ... . 592 3. jamaicensis (Gm.).... 625 

1. anomalus (Gould) ... . 593 4. longicaudatus (Spix) . 626 

8. Macrodipteryx, Sw 594 5. sethereus (Wied) 627 

1. macrodipterus (Afzel.) 594 6. grandis (Gm.) 628 

SYSTEMATIC INBES. 

Page 
Subfam. II. MGOTmzLTXM. 

Page 
| 

Earn. POD ARG-ID^. 

Subfam. I. PODARGINJE. 

1. Podargus, Cuv 630 
1. papuensis, Quoy et 
Gaim 630 
2. strigoides (Lath.) 631 
3. phalamoides, Gould .. 634 
4. 
ocellattis, Quoy et 
Gaim 634 
a. mannoratus, Gould, 635 
2. Batraehostomus, Gould .. 636 
1. auritus, Gray 637 
2. Imrterti, Sharpe 638 
3. Septimus, Tweedd 638 
4. poliolophus, Hartert.. 638 
5. stellatus (Gould) 639 
6. javensis (Horsf.) .... 640 
7. hodgsoni {Gray) 642 
8. affinis, Blyth 643 
*9. moniliger, Blyth 644 I 
3. ^Egotheles, Vig. § Horsf. 646 
1. crmifrons (Bp.)...... 646 
2. insignis, Salvad....... 647 
3. albertisi, Scl 648 
4. dubius, A. B. Meyer . 648 
5. salvadorii, Hartert .. 649 
6. affinis, Salvad. ...... 649 
7. waHacei, Gray 650 
8. lorise, Salvad 650 
9. bennetti, 
JSafoad. <§* 
WAlb 650 
10. nQvee~bollandia3(ZtftfA.) 651 
11. saves!, Layard fy 
Tristr 652 
Fam. STEATOBZSITHIDJE. 

1. Steatornis, Humboldt.... 653 
1. caripends, Humboldt . 653 
CATALOGUE 

Of 

BIRDS. 


Order IV. PICARLE. 

AT the time of the publication of the third volume of this -work, it 
was intended to follow as closely as possible the systematic arrangement 
proposed by Garrod in the ' Proceedings? of the Zoological 
Society, 1874. However, owing to the subsequent researches by 
that and other anatomists, various modifications were proposed, and 
especially Mr, Sclater, in a paper "On the present State of the 
Systema Avium v (' Ibis/ 1880), indicated what were clearly improvements 
on Garrod's classification. 

In that paper Garrod's " Passeriformes " were abandoned, and the 
" suborder Passeres" as characterized in Yolume III. p. 1, is raised 
to an order. "We not only adopt here this view, but follow Mr. Sclater 
further in reviving the term " Picarice " for the next order, which 
would comprise the Cyjpseli (Macrochires), Anisodactyli, Heterodactyli, 
JScansores, and Coccyges, although we are not aware that the 
order with these wide limits has been or can be diagnosed. 

To Mr. Seebohm, who has endeavoured to work out a complete 
scheme in which the various groups are circumscribed by diagnostic 
characters (' Classification of Birds,' 1890), we are much indebted 
for the assistance we obtained from his work in defining the divisions 
in the following scheme. The adoption of an " order of Picarians " 
is, at the best, a provisional measure, and if this " order" be thought 
to be inadmissible, then the divisions proposed by Mr. Seebohm 
would have to rank as separate orders, and might be arranged in a 
sequence more in conformity with what are, at present, considered 
their natural affinities. 

VOL. xvi. B 

PICARIJ3. 

7ICARIM. 

I. 
Three or four toes are directed forwards (Anisodactyli and 
Pamijrodactyli). 
A. 
Plexor digitorum perforans split into three 
branches leading to the second, third, and 
fourth digits, but not to the first. 
1. 
Palate desmognathous. Plexor digitorum 
perforans and flexor hallucis entirely 
separate Suborder UPUPJE (xvi. p. 3). 
2. 
Palate schizognathous. 
Suborder TE0CHILI (xvi. p. 27). 
P. 
Plexor digitorum perforans split into 
branches, of which one leads to the first 
digit, one to the second, and generally one 
to the third and fourth. 
1. 
Plexor digitorum perforans, and not flexor 
hallucis longus, leading to hallux. 
a. 
Spinal feather-tract well defined on the 
neck, and 
a. 
forked on the upper back. 
Suborder COEACIJS (xvi. p. 434). 
/3. 
single between the shoulders. 
Suborder HALCYCHES (xvii p. 93). 

b. 
Spinal feather-tract not defined on the 
neck Suborder BTTCEBOTES (xvii. p. 347). 
II. 
The first and second toes are turned backwards, the two 
others forwards (Heterodactyli). 
A. 
Plexor digitorum perforans split into two 
branches leading to the two front toes. 
Plexor longus hallucis split into two 
branches leading to the two hind toes. 
Spinal feather-tract well defined from nape 
to oil-gland, and not forked. 
Suborder TEOGONES (xvii. p. 429). 

III. 
The first and fourth toes are turned backwards, the two 
others forwards (Zygodactyly. 
A. 
Plexor digitorum perforans not split, leading 
to third digit only. Plexor longus 
hallucis first sending a tendon to the 
other plantar, then a second to the fourth 
digit, after which (if the hallux is present) 
it splits into two tendons, one leading to 
the hallux, the other to second digit. Am-
biens absent Suborder SCAHSOEES (xviii. p. 1). 
B. 
Hallux always present and connected with 
the flexor longus hallucis, and not with 
the flexor digitorum perforans, which leads 
to the second, third, and fourth digits. 
Palate desmognathous. 
Suborder COCCYGES (xix. p. 209). 

irpTJPJE. 

s 

Suborder UPUPJE. 

(ByOSBERTSALYIN*.) 

The history, general anatomy, and classification of the Family 
Ujjupidt? were carefully examined by Dr. IXurie in 1873 (Ibis, 1873, 
pp. 181 ct btq.); several additional points "were subsequently "brought 
forward by Garrod (' Collected Scientific Papers'), and therelationship 
of the Family to its supposed allies was again discussed by 
Stejneger in J. B. Kingsley's 'Standard Natural History9 (iv. 
pp. 408 ct scq., 1885). 

The general opinion of these authors as to the systematic position 
of the Upupce is that their nearest allies are the JBitccroiidce, an 
alliance first suggested by Gould and worked out by Blyth and 
others. 

That the Upupce find a place immediately after the Passeres, and 
are associated with the Humming-Birds, is due to the high, the very 
high, value placed upon the structure of the foot, which is Passerine 
in the arrangement of the plantar tendons. 

The points of resemblance to the Hornbills arc subordinated in 
favour of this character at the expense of the natural affinities of 
the group, for with the Trodiib' the Upupa have little else that I 
know of in common. 

Key to the Families, 

A. 
Nostrils open, round, semidorsal, without overhanging 
edge,* tail square, shorter than the wings; 
plumage dull, without shining gloss Upupidse, 
B. 
Nostrils more or less elongated, lateral, and with [p. 3. 
an overhanging edge or well-developed operculum 
; tail cuneate, longer than the wings; 
plumage more or less glossy Irrisoridse, 
[p. 16. 
Family I. UPUPIM. 

This Family contains the single genus Uptipa, comprising six 

more or less closely-allied species. 

The peculiar habits of the Hoopoes and their structure Lave been 

very fully described by various authors, and a careful summary of 

the 
literature of this subject is contained in Dr. Murie's paper 

already referred to. 

* The references to the literature of the various species of this Suborder 
have been collected and arranged for me by Mr. R, Bowdler Sharpe. 
B2 


VPWBTDM* 

1. TTPUPA. 
Type. 
Upupa, Linn. Sysi. Nat. i. p. 183 .. > U. epops. 

Range. Southern Palsearetic Eegion from the British Islands to 
Japan, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, the Indian peninsula and 
Ceylon, the Indo-Chinese region as far south as Tonka in the Malay 
peninsula, Hainan, and 1ST. Borneo. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Primaries crossed by a white band ; abdomen more 
or less striped. 
a'. Secondaries black, crossed with four equidistant 


•white bands. 
a". Transverse caudal band wide, first primary 
nairow, seldom reaching to the proximal 
end of the white transverse band of the 
second primary. 


a'". Black apical spots of the longest cre-tfeathers 
edged inwardly with white ., . epops, p. 4. 
b'". No white inner edging to the black apical 
spots of the longest crest-feathers miica, p. 10. 

b". Transverse white caudal band narrow, first 
primary large, reaching to the di&tal end of 
the white transverse band of the second 
primary margi/uda, p. 3 3. 

b\ 
Secondaries with the basal two-thirds white, 
and with a subterniinal white transverse band. somalensi% p. 13. 

h. Primaries black, without a white band; abdomen 
(in adult) chestnut, unhanded. f africana, p. 14. 
1. Upnpa epops. 
The Hoop or Hoopoe, Albin, Nat Hist* B. ii p. 39, pis. 42, 43 
(1738). 
The Hoopoe, Edwards, Gleanings Nat. Eist. iii. p. 282, pi. 34-5 

(1764); Tarr. Brit B. ii. p. 167 (1843). 
La Huppe ou Puput, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 455, pi. xliii fig, 1 (1700). 
Upnpa epops, Linn. Sijst. Nat. i. p. 183 (1706); Gm^S. N. i. p. 466 

(1788); Temm. Man. cTOm. i. p. 415 (1815); Saum. For/. 
JDeutscM. v. p. 176, Taf. 142 (1826); Hour, Orn. Prm\ pi. 240 
(1825) j Werner, Atlas, Anisud. pi. o (1827); Memtr. Cut. ram. 
Cauc. p. 45 (1832); Gould, B. Eur. iii, pi. 238 (1*37); Macgill 
Brit. B. iii. p. 41 (1840) ; Sclil £ Svsem. Yog. Eur. pt. vii. pi. xi. 
(1840) ; Oresp. Orn. Gard, p. 287 (1840); Nordm.in Dimid. Jm/. 
Buss. 3Ierid. iii. p. 212 (1840); 8eh/s~Lonqch Faune Belg. p. 107 
(1842); Schh Bep. Crit p. Iii (1844); bray, Gen. B. i. p. 00 
(1847); Tkomps. B. Irel i. p. 353 (1840); Bp. Comp. i. p. 88 
(1850); Kjarb. Banm. Fugle, pi. 13. fig. 1 (1852); Reichenb. 
Eandb. Scans, p. 318, Taf. clxcv. figs. 3033-34 (1853); Heiuits, 
Eggs Br. B. i. p. 249, pi. 63. £g. 3 (1856); Sundev. Svensk. For/l 
pi. 19. fig. 5 (1856); Jaub. et Barth-Lapomm. BicL Orn. p. 302 
(1859); Tristr. Ibis, 1859, p. 27 (Palestine); E. C. Taylor, t c. p. 49 
(Egypt); Simpson, t. c. p. 268 (Sweden); Saloin, t c. p. 304 (Ain 
Djendeli); HeugL t e. p. 340 (Danakil); Tristr. t. e. p. 435 

1 . TTPTTPA. 
(Sahara) ; Schrenck, Reis. Amurl p. 270 (18G0) ; Stoinh. Ibis, 1800, 

p. 49; Powys, t c. p. 236 (Ionian Islands); Swinh. t. c. p. 254 
(Talien Bay), p. S2S (Takow); Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 227 (Kumaon); 
Blakist. Ibis, 1862, p. 327 (Japan); Jerd, B. Iwtf.i.p.390 (1802); 
Gray^ List Br. B. p. 38 (1803); Hadcle, Reis, Sibir., Vog. p. 145 
(1863); Adams, Ik's, 1804, p. 15 (Egypt); Wright, t. c. p. 72 
(Malta); Sperling, f. c. p. 281; Gigl Ibis, 1805, p. 62 (Pi&a); 
ifefo/'g, £ c. p. 137; Beavan, t. c. p. 417 (Maunbnoom); Bettoni, 
Ucc. nidif Lomb. tav. 27 (1865-70) ; Tristr. Ibis, 1806, p. 80 ; 
Godm. t. c. pp. 09, 107 (Azores); Lilford, t c. p. 176 (Spain) ; 
Blyth, t. c. p. 222 (Umbala); Degl $ Gerbe, Orn. Bur. i. p. 193 
(1867) j LocJie, Escpl. ScL Alger., Ois. ii. p. 96 (1867); E. C. 
Taylor, Ibis, 1867, p. 50 ; Chambers, t, c. p. 100 (Tripoli); Scott, 
t. c. p. 135 (Umbala); Beacan, t c. p. 143 (Simla); Swiwi.'t. e. 
p. 236 (Arnoy) ; Drake, t. c. p. 424 (Morocco); DybowsHfJ.f 0. 
1868, p. 336; Gould, B. Gt. Br. ii. pi. 12 (1868); Pek. Aw, 1808, 
p. 307 (Kotegurb); Smith, t. c. p. 448 (Portugal) ; Borggr. Vog. 
Norddeittschl. p. 69 (1869) ; Doderl. Avif. Sicil. p, 61 (1869); 
Brooks, Ibis, 1869, p. 48 (Almora); Saunders, t. c. p. 182 (S. 
Spain); Reugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr.i. p.21S (1869); Gray, Hand-l 
B.i.v.10S, no. 1250 (1869); Wyatt, Ibis, 1870, p. 12 (Sinai); 
Fritsch, Vog. Eur. tab. 13. fig. 11 (1870); Blyth, Ibis, 1870, p. 164; 
Elwes § Buckley, t c. p. 189 (Bulgaria); Beavan, t. c. p. 310; 
Collett, t. c. p. 539 (Spitzbergen); Blanf. Geol. fy Zool. Abyss. 
p. 332 (1870); Finsch, Trans. Z. S. vii. p. 226 (1870); id. $ Ilartl 
Vog. Ostafr. p. 195 (1870); Sahad. Faun. Ital, Ucc. p. 46 (1871); 
Swinh. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 348 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 67; Gurney, 
t. c. p. 75 (Algeria); 22. Gray, B. W. Scot!, p. 198 (1871); Sharpe 
# Dresser, B. Eur. v. p. 179, pi. 298 (1871); Ilarting, Randb. 
Br. B. p. 33 (1872); Jerdon, Ibis, 1872, p. 21; Godman, t. c. p. 169 
(Canaries); G. C. Taylor, t. e. p. 230; DyboiusM, J.f 0. 1872, 
p. 353; Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 165 (1872); Brooke, Ibis, 1873, 
p. 230; Severtz. Turkey. Jevofn. p. 68 (1873) ; Hume §• Senders. 
Lahore to Yark. p. 182 (1873); Same, Nests # Eqgs Bid. B. 
p. 162 (1873) ; id. Str. F. i. p.|74 (1873); Cock fy Marsh, t. c. 
p. 351; Adam, t. c. p. 375 (Sambhur); Ball, Str. F. ii. p. 397 
(1874) (Cbota Nagpur); Swinh. Ibis, 1874, p. 437 (Obefoo); 
Dybowski, J.f O. 1874, p. 334; Irby, B. Gibr. p. 68 (1875); 
Fallon, Ois. Belg. p. 118 (1875); Lilford, Ibis, 1875, p. 20 
(Syracuse); Cordeaux, i. c. p. 184 (Heligoland); Danf.fyRamie 
Brown, t. e. p. 300; Stoliczka, Str. F. iii. p. 218 (1875); Butler, 
t. c. p. 462; Sadly, Str. F. iv. p. 136 (1876); Fairb. i. c. p. 256 ; 
C. B. Wharton,Ibis, 1876, p. 19 (Corsica); Dresser, t. c p. 319; 
Tacz. Bull Soc. Zool. France, i. p. 135 (1876); Blanf. East. Persia, 
ii. p. 130 (1876); Prjev. in Rowleifs Orn. Misc. ii. p. 164 (1877) ; 
David $ Oust Ois. Chine, p. 79 (1877); Butler, Str. F. v. p. 228 
(1877); Fairb. t e. p. 399; Danf Ibfo, 1878, p. 7 (Asia Minor); 
Blakist 8f Pryer, t. c. p. 231 (Japan); Hume, Str. F. vii. p. 56 
(1878); Davidson fy Wenden, t. c. p. 79; Ball, t. c. p. 209; Cripps, 
t. c. p. 267; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 329 (Labuan); Same, Str. 
F. viii. p. 90 (1879) ; Scully, t. c. p. 263; Wardl-Ramsay, Ibis, 
1879, p. 446, 1880, p. 62 (Afghanistan); Seeb. t. c. p. 180 (Krasnoyarsk) 
; Vidal, Str. F. is. p. 57 (1880); Barnes, t. c. p. 216 
(Ckanian); Milne-Edwards, C. R. xci. p. 1036 (1880); Newt ed. 
Yarr. Br. B, ii. p. 419 (1881) ; Bidler, Str. F. ix. p. 391 (1881); 
Barnes, t. c. p. 454; Reid, t. c. p. 30; Bidd. Ibis, 1881, p. 50 
(Gilgit); Scully, t c. p. 432; Blah. # Pryer, B. Japan, p. 138 
UPUPIDJ3. 

(1882); Davidson, Str. F. x. p. 300 (1883); C. Sicinh. Ibis, 1882, 

p. 102 (Afghanistan); Seeb. t. c. p. 210 (Astrachan); Divon, t. c. 
p. 500 (Algeria); Marsh. § Feb. Orn. Vindob. p. 37 (1882);. B. 
0. U. List Br. B. p. 82 (1883); Houetjer § Tnncre, JIT. om. 
Ver. Wien, p. 90 (1883); Seeb. Ibis, 1883, p. 21 (Caucasus); 
Severtz. t. c. p. 71 (Pamir); Irby, i. c. p, 179 (Santander): Earth 
Abhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen, viii. p. 200 (18S3) ; Seeb. Hist. Brit. 
B. ii. p. 335 (1881) ; Blah. Amended List B. Japan, p. 47 (1834); 
Tristr. Faun. <§• Flor. Palest p. 89 (1884); Seeb. Ibis, 1534, p. 3tj 
(Yezo) ; Eagle Clarke, t. c. p. 144 (Hungary); Seek t. c. p. 201 
(Central China); Saunders, t. c. p. 380 (Pyrenees); C. II rl. 
Marshall, t. c. p. 412 (Chamba) ; Radde, OnuCauc. p. 298 (1834i; 
Murray, Vertebr. Faun. Sind, p. 120 (1884); Whitehead, Ihi«, 
1885, p. 28 (Corsica); Swinh. § Barnes, t. c. p. 04 (Miowj; 
Jlenzb. t. c. p. 357 (Uppor Tarini) ; Sfejn. Orn. Exph KanttscJt. 
p. 354 (1885); Sharpe, Ibis, 1880, p. 10 (Aden), p. 106 (Mu-catt, 
p. 498 (BnsMre); Davison, Sir. F. x. p. 304 (1^7); &/W. 
JE7<?wc7*. ?7cc. Ital. p. 77 (1887); >SW/y, J. A. S. Beng. xlu. p. 80 
1888 (Manipur); Jleade-Waldo, Ibis, 1^9, p. 11 (Cajaries) ; St. 
John, t. c. p. 159 (Kelat); Li/ford, t. o. p. 331 fOypru-0; JEW*//*' 
C&wZre, tf.e. p. 548 (Pyrenees); Gigh Ac if. Ital p. 357 (lb-9); 
Everett, Jozitn. Straits Br. It. Asiat. Sac. 1^89, p, 165; Sharpe, 
Jour. Linn. Soc. (2) Zool. vol. v. p. 84 (1889); (Ugh Avif. Bora It, 

p. 327 (1890). 
La Iluppe, Daubent. PL Enh vi. pi. 52; Muntb. Ilibi. Nat. Ois. \i. 
p. 439(1779). 
Common Hoopoe, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 687 (1782). 
Promerops mareheur d'Europe, Levaill. Mist. Nat. Promerops ef 
Guqners, vii. p. 53, pi. 22 (1807). 
Upupa \ ulgaris, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. i. p. 433 (1811). 
Upupa africana (?iec Bechst.), Less. Trailed"Om. p. 323(1831). 
Upupa bifasciata, Brehn, Voj, Deuischh p. 215, Taf. 15. $g. 2 (1831). 
Upupa senegalensis, Swains, B. W. Afr. ii. p. 114 (1837); Earth 

Om. W.-Afr. p. 42 (1850); id. J.f. 0. 1801, pp. 107, 108; Gray, 
Iland-l. B. i. p. 103, no. 1251 (1809); Antin. § Salvach Yiagg. 
Bogos, p. 58 (1873); Salvad. Ann. Jim. Civ. Genov. (2) i. p. 105 
(1884); id. op. cit. vi. p. 220 (18&8). 

Upupa indica, Ilodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. JIus., Pa^seres, pis. 26. 27. 

fig. 1 (no. 132); id. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. &2 (1844). 
Upupa maculigera, Beicfrenb. Eandb. Scansores, p. 319 (1853). 
Upupa brachyrhynekos, U. macrorlrj nchos, U, exilis, U. africana, U. 

major, Brehn, Vogelf. p. 77 (185*5). 
Upupa major, Gray, Eand-l. B. i. p. 103, no. 1254 (1869). 


Adult male. Upper surface light brown; a transverse band of buff' 
widely edged with black crosses the back and scapulars, the latter 
being also tipped with buffy white; rump white, longest upper 
tail-coverts black towards the tip, and sometimes with a narrow 
white edge ; primaries black, crossed by a wide white band; on the 
first primary this band is usually represented on the inner web by a 
white spot, but is sometimes absent, on the second to seventh quills 
it crosses the feather, but on the eighth to tenth it becomes a subterminal 
elongated transverse spot; secondaries black, with white 

1 . TJPUPA. 
7 
bases, all but the innermost two crossed by four equidistant white 
transverse bands, which on the outermost two are confined to the 
inner webs, the innermost two have a buff edge to the outer web and 
a buff line on the inner web close to the shaft; primary-coverts 
black, crossed with two bands, the outer buff, the inner white; median 
coverts black, with buff tips; lesser coverts and the edge of the 
shoulder light brown, like the back; head, neck, and breast vinous-
rufous, darker on the long occipital crest-feathers, the ends of which 
are black, preceded by a white transverse space, the proximal edge 
of which blends with the rufous of the rest of the feather; abdomen 
very pale buff; a longitudinal dark stripe on the inner web of the 
flank-feathers next the shaft; under tail-coverts white; tail black, 
crossed by a white bar, which is central on the middle feathers, and 
approaches the tip towards the outermost pair, being widest on the 
outer web of those feathers ; bill blackish, base of both maxilla and 
mandible flesh-colour; feet black. Total length about 12 inches, 
wing 5*7, tail 4, bill 2*2, tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. 
Young. Similar to the adult. 
Hab. Southern Pakearctic region from Southern Scandinavia and 

the British Islands to Japan (accidental in Spitsbergen), migrating 
in winter to rJ.E. Scnegambia and N.E. Africa; Arabia, Plains of 
India from the rJ.W. Provinces to Assam, extending also into Central 
India, where it appears to blend with U. indica. 


a. Pull. sk. Europe. 
Gould Coll. 
b. Pull. St. Europe. 
Purchased. 
c. Ad. sk. Port Jade, Sussex, Aug. 80. Herbert Langton, 
Esq. [P ]. 
d. Ad. sk. Bigbury, Devonshire. Montagu Coll. 
e. Ad.; /. Juv. Valkenswaard, Holland (/. Salvin-Gfodman Coll. 
sk. Baker). 
gj h. Si ad. sk. Silesia. Gould Coll. 

i. 
Ad. sk. Near Vienna {Dr. Steindach-Sharpe Coll. 
ner). 
j9 h. Ad. et ham. Southern Spain. Lord Lilford [P.]. 
sk. 
I J ad. sk. Seville, April 18 (&. Saunders). Sharpe Coll. 


m. Ad. sk. Morocco (Olcese). Tweeddale Coll. 
n, o. Ad. et juv. Tunis. L. Eraser [0.]. 
sk. 

p. 
Ad. sk. Madeira, Sept. (E. V. Ear-Gould Coll. 
court). 
q. Ak. sk. River Gambia. Sharpe Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. River Gambia. Shelley Coll. 
s. 
<$ ad. sk, Koomayli, Abyssinia, Feb. 2. W.T.BlantalEsq. 
[C.]. 
t. 
? ad. sk. Senafe, March 12. "W.T. Blanford, Esq. 
[C.]. 
u,v. 
6 $ ad. sk. Rairo, Bogos-Land, Aug. ( W. Tweeddale & Sharpe 
Jesse). Colls. 

w. $ ad. sk. Below Shencly (J. Murie). Consul Petherick 
[C.]. 
ty y, z* 6 ad. sk. Egypt, Feb. to April (G. E. 8). Shelley Coll. 

TTPTJPIDiE. 

a'. <$ ad. sk. 
&', S ad. sk« 

c'. Ad. sk. 

df 

. 2 ad. sk« 
e'. ? ad. sk. 


/,/. 6s $ ad.sk. 

A', c? ad. sk. 

i'. Ad. sk. 

/. J ad. sk. 

kr 

. $ ad. sk. 

V. Ad. sk. 
m'} ri. Ad. sk. 
o', p'. Ad. sk. 
</', / . Ad. sk. 


s'. Ad. sk. 

*'. Ad. sk. 
w'. Ad. sk. 
v' S ad. sk. 


w'9 x'. Ad. sk. 
?/'. Ad. sk. 


z'. c? ad. sk. 

a". Ad. sk. 
6", e". tf ad. sk. 
d", fi". J ad. sk. 

/"-*". Ad. sk. 

/'. 6 ad. sk 

k",l". d ? ad.sk. 
m". tf ad. sk. 
w". $ ad. sk. 
o". $ ad. sk. 
p' \ $ ad. sk. 

q". tf ad. sk. 

r". Ad. sk. 
s". Ad. sk. 
t". cJ ad. sk. 
w". Ad. sk. 
v". Ad. sk. 
w". Ad. sk. 
#"-»". J ad.; a3, 

$ 
ad.sk. 

Safed, Palestine. 
Damascus, June 9 (&. B. 
Tristram). 


Athens. 
Belgrade, April 5 {T. Bobson). 
Ak Maidan, Turkey, April 11 


(21 Pearce). 
Sweet Waters, Turkey, Sept. 8 

(T. Pearce). 
Petnahor, Turkey, Aug. 6 (T. 
Pearce). 
Asia Minor, Aug. 28 (T. Rohson). 
Smyrna, Sept. 14 (Br. Kriiper). 
Anascha, Taurus, March 30 

(C. G. Banford). 
Erzeroum (Dickson $ Moss). 
Mesopotamia (Commander 
Jones). 

Bagdad. 
Bushire, Persian Gulf, Feb. & 
Marcli. 
Fao. 

Muscat. 
Samarkand, Aug. 11 (Ri/ssow). 
Barna-ul, June 24= (Br. O. 


Finsch). 
Yarkand (Col Chapman). 
Yarkand, Aug. 24 (Br. G. 

Henderson). 

Gulran, N. Afghanistan, 

Marcli 7, 
Cabul (Br. Griffith). 
Candahar, April-Dec. 
Candahar, Feb. (Sir 0. St 

John). 

Nal, Kelat, May, July, Aug. 

(0. T. Buke). 
Jalk, Baluchistan, March 17. 
Sukkur, Sind, Dec. (A. O. R.). 
Sehwan, April 1 (A. 0. &.). 
Kutch, Jan. (B)\ Stoliczka). 
Deesa, Feb. 15 (E. A. Butler). 
Ramoo, Kashmir, May 16 

(W. E. Brooks). 
Dhurmsala, 
May (W. E. 
Brooks). 

Gilgit, March 9. 
Simla, June (R. C. Beat an). 
Kotegurh, Nov. 10 (A. 0. JET.). 
Punjab. 
Mooltan (Copt. Tweedie), 
Sirsa, Feb. 3. 
Sambhur, Jan., June., Aug. 


(B. M. Adam). 
Canon Tristram ~C.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Consul Merlin [C.~. 

Sharpe Coll. 

SJiarpe Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Sharpe Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

India Museum. 

Sir K. Loftus T.~. 

A. J. Y. Palmer, K»q, 
W7 D. Cummino', 

Esq. FP.]. 

Colonel'Miies rl\\ 

Seebohm Coll. 

Geogr. Soc. Bremen. 

Sharpe Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Dr. Aitchison [C.]. 

India Museum. 

Col. Swinhoe [P.]. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

W.T.Blanford, Esq. 

[C.j. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Col. Biddulph [C.]. 


Tweeddale Coll, 


Hume Coll. 
General Hearsay [P.1. 
Gould CoU. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


P. J ad. sk. 
ca, dK <$ ad.; e\ 

? ad. sk. 
f\ $ ad. sk. 
g\ Ad. sk. 
h\ Ad. sk. 
i3-l3. d j w3-ol 

$ ad. sk. 
|A Ad. sk. 
gps*. Ad. sk. 
£3-^. Ad, sk. 
w'-W. Ad. sk. 
c^-eK Ad. sk. 
/^ . Ad.sk. 
h\ Ad. sk. 
*'. Ad. sk. 
j l, h\ $ ad. sk. 

IK c? ad. sk. 

w1. J ad. sk. 

ad. sk. 
#-a4. Ad. sk. 


i\ ? ad. sk. 

w4, y1. S ad.; w4. 
$ ad. sk. 

xl. S ad. sk. 
l/^-a5. Ad. sk. 
65. J ad. sk. 
c5. Ad. sk. 
d\ Ad, sk. 
^-6 \ f\ 9S h\ 
? ad. sk. 
£3, r5. Ad. sk. 
k\ Ad. sk. 

I5 

. Ad. sk. 
m5, w5. 5 ad. sk. 

o'\ Ad. sk. 
p5, Ad. sk. 


25. § ad. sk. 
?*\ c? ad. sk. 

s5. Ad. sk. 

tK Ad. sk. 
w5. J juv. sk, 


i;5-^. Juv.sk. 

y5, s5. Ad. sk. 

1 . T7PTTPA. 
Mount Abu, Sept. 29. 
Ajmir, Nov. 24: (A. 0. IL). 


Unibala, Nov. (B. 0. Beamn). 
Kuruaim (Mracheg). 
Naini Tal, Sept. 13. 
Etawak, Oct., Nov. 


Bdhar. 
Nepal. 
Nepal (B. IL Hodgson). 
Sikhini, March, Sept. to Nov, 
Sikhim. 
Darjiling. 
Darjiling, Oct. 19. 
Bhutan (Pemberton). 
Tippook, Assam, March (/. 


Cockhurn). 
Shillong, Sept. 27 (J. Cock-

bum). 
Dibrughur (F. Dag). 
Dibrughur, March, April (/. 

JR. Cripps). 

N. Khasia Hills, Dec, Jan. 
(A. W. Chennell). 
Lakkipur. Cachar, Jan. 30 (A. 
0. H). 
Manipur, Feb., April {A. 0. 
H). 
Sylhet, Jan. 22 {A. 0. //.). 
Dacca. 
Lohardagga, Dec. 15 (V. Ball), 
Maunbhoom, March (B. C. 

Beavan). 
Saugor (Hooper). 
Seoni. 


Kamptee. 
Mhow. t 
Khandeish. 
Dhuha, Khandeish (J". David


son). 

Khandeish. 
Deccan (Burgess). 


N.E. of Ahmednuggur, Dec. 2 
(S. B. Fairbanh). 
Belgaum, Oct. 28 (E. A. Butler). 
Bangalore, 
July 6 (R. G. 
Wardlaw Bamsag). 

India, 
Manchuria, June 26. 


Peking, April to July (R Swinhoe). 
Ohefoo, May, Sept. 29 (R &). 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll 
Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

India Museum. 

Hume Coll. 

Dr. ll.B.Hmde[P.l 
Colonel Swinhoef P.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

India Museum. 
Gould Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Gould OoU. 
H.E.M.James, Esq. 

I?-]. 

Seel)ohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

10 TJPrPIDiE. 
ar\ J ad. sk. Arnoy, "Feb. 18 (Capt. Conrad). Sharpe Coll. 
I/\ Ad. sk. Arnoy, May (JR. Sioinhoe). Tweeddale Coll. 
cr'-j'\ Ad. sk. Amoy, Nov. to May (P. &). Seebolini Coll. 
1A Juv.; f. Ad. Amoy, Nov. 28 {R. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
mb . Ad. sk. 
rcfi. Ad. sk. 
Shanghai (J. JR. Reeves). 
Hoopih, April 5 (JR. S.). 
Gould Coll. 
Seefojlmi Coll. 
</'. Skeleton. Purchased. 
p\ Skull. 
2°, rfl . Sterna. Nepal. 
Yarrell Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

2. Upupa indica. 
Upupa minor (nee Shaw), Sylces, P. Z. S. 1832; p. 97. 

Upupa epops vel indicia, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. Jim., Pasbtre , 
pis. 2i), 27. fig. 1 (no. 238^;' id. in Gray's Zuo?. JfAc. p. 82 (1844 \. 
Upupa senesalensis (nee Sw.), BhjtJi, J. A. S. Be/if/, xiv. p. 1M) 
(1845) ; id. Cat. B. Mm. As. Soc. p. 40 (1849) ; Ktlaart, Prodr. 

p. 119 (1852) ; Layard, Amn. § Mag. Nat. Hibt. xii. p. 174 
(1853)., 
Upupa indica, Reichenb. Handb. Scaasore*, p. 320, laf. dxevi. fig. 403* 
(1853); Bp. Consp. Valuer. Anisod. p. 12 (1^5 L) ; Ftusch 4* dirt ft I. 
For/. Ostafr. p. 198 (1870); Sharpe $ Brewer, B. Eur. \. 

p. 183 (1871 J; David £ Oust. Ois. Chm>, p. 79 (1&77); lining 
Str. F. viii. p. 90 (1878); JReid, Sff. F. x. p. 33 (1881); Dacidwi, 
Str. F. x. p. 301 (1882); Davison, Str. F. x.* p. 304 (1^7j; 
McGregor, i. c. p. 4-58; Terry, & c. p. 472. 
Upupa 
ceylonensis, Reichenb. Handb. Scans, p. 320, Taf, dxc\i. 
fig. 4030 (1853); Blyth, Ibis, 18G0, p. 360; Swinh. Ibi\ 1*70, 

p. 91; id. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 343; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 435 ; 
Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 22; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests 4* Eggs Ind. B. 
ii. p. 334(1890;. 
Upupa nigripennis, 
Horsf. <5f Moore, Cat. B. Mi/s. E.I Co. i. p. 725 
(1854, ex Gould MSS., sed descr. nulla); Jerd. B. lid. L p. 392 
(1802, descr. princeps); Schomb. Ibis, 18*34, p. 248 (Slam) ; Gray, 
Hand-l B. i. p. 103, no. 1253 (1809); Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 22; 
Hume, Nests fy Egr/s Fid. B. p. 103 (1873); Hayes Lloyd, Ibis, 
1873, p. 408; Adam, Str. F. i. p. 375 (1873); Butler, Str. F. ill 

p. 402 (1875); Morgan, Ibis, 1875, p. 310; Fairb. Str. F. iv. 
p. 250 (1876) ; Hume, t. c. p. 458; Fairb. Str. F. v. p. 309 (1887); 
Anders. Zool. Exped. Yunnan, p. 578 (1875) ; Davidson 8f Wenden, 
Str. F. yii. p. 79 (1878) ; Hone, t c. p. 517 (1878); Legge, 
B. Ceylon, p. 279 (1879); Gould, B. Asia, i. pi. 06 (1880), 
Upupa epops (nee LJ), Burgess, P. Z. S. 1855, p. 27. 
Upupa longirostris, Jerd. B. Bid. i. p, 393 (lbt)2); Blaaf. Ibh, 1870, 
p. 400; Sharpe fy Dresser, B. Eur. v. p. 183 (1871); Hume, Str. 
F. ii. p. 473 (1874), iii. p. 190 (1875); Blyth fy Wald. B. Buna. 
p. 69 (1875); Arimtr, Str. F. iv. p. 315 (1876); Hume, Str. F. 
v. p. 28 (1877) ; Oates, t. c. p. 149; Hume £ Damson, Str. F. \i. 
p. 202 (1878); Oates, Str.F. Yii. p. 41 (1878) ; Hume, Str. F. Vdl 
pp. 90, 155 (1879); Bingh. Str. F. ix. p. 171 (1880); Oates, Str. 
F. x. p. 199 (1882); Oates, Handb. B. Br. Burm. ii. p. 02 (1883); 
Hume, Str. F. xi. p. 88 (1885) ; Salvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. Genoi\ 
(2) iv. p. 588 (1887) ; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests <$• Eggs Ind. B. ii. 
p. 338 (1890). 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of U. epops, but the long 

1 . TJPTJPA. 
11 
occipital feathers are "without any white or whitish edging to the 
terminal black spots; the general colour of the hack, neck, lesser 
wing-coverts, and breast darker rufous, this colour extending 
further over the upper abdomen. 

Female and young similar to the adult. 

This bird is not quite definitely distinct from TJ. epops in 
many districts whero the ranges of the two overlap, and in such 
places intermediate individuals occur in some numbers. These 
transitional forms spread over Central India, and thence southwards 
to Ceylon, the typical bird occurring in the districts bordered by the 
western shores of the Bay of Bengal. 

In Burma and Tenasserim this Hoopoe occurs in its most marked 
form, and, moreover, the bill is in many instances longer than 
in birds from Continental India. This long-billed bird was separated 
by Jerdon as U. longirostris, but the character is not sufficiently 
stable to be used to define the Burmese bird with certainty, 
and this seems to be the opinion of most recent writers on the 
subject. 

Of the two names given by Reichenbach to the Indian Hoopoes, 

U. indica is undoubtedly referable to the bird without any white 
edging to the terminal spots of the long crest-feathers, and, being the 
oldest (1853), must be used. U. ceylonensls applies to the intermediate 
form which occurs in Ceylon and many parts of Central India. 
Gould's title 27. nigripennis, first defined in 1862 by Jerdon in his 
4 Birds of India,7 may therefore be dropped out of use. 
Ilab. Peninsular India and Ceylon, and the Indo-Burniese region, 
thence eastwards to Hainan. 


a, b} c. Ad. sk. India. Guuld Coll. 
(Typos of U. mgripennisj Gould.) 

d. Ad. sk. Ilameswaren Ibland, March 17 Hume Coll. 
(A. O.H.).^ 
e,f}g. <$ ad.; ft, Ootocainund, Nilglriris, Jan. to Hume Coll. 
i,j. $ ad.sk. April (W. Davison), 
h, 
I. $ ad.; m. Mysore, December. W. Davison, Esq. 
$ ad. sk. [P.]. 


n. Ad. sk. Mysore (F. Bag). India Museum. 
o. Ad. sk. Madras. 
Gould Coll. 
p. 
$ ad.sk. N.E.of Ahmednuggur, Sept. 27 Tweeddale Coll. 
(& B. Fairhank). 
(j, r. Ad. sk. Deccan (Si/kes). India Museum. 


s. $ ad. sk. Sambhur,Aug.l4(i2.ikf.^^m). Hume Coll. 
t. $ ad. sk. Etawah, Oct. Hume Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Dehra Doom 
Tweeddale Coll. 
v. 
$ ad. sk. N. Khasia Hills, Jan. (A. W. Tweeddale Coll. 
Chennell). 
10. Ad. sk. Cachar. 
Hume Coll. 
.r, y. $ g ad. sk. Elephant Point, Dec. 6 (J. Hume Coll. 
Armstrong). 


z. 
<S ad. sk. Yaytko, British Burmah, June Tweeddale Coll. 
10(R. G. Wardlaio Ramsay). 
 UPTTPID^:. 

a'. Ad. sk. 

b'. Ad. sk. 

c'. $ ad. sk. 

<*',«'. dad.;/. 

§ ad. sk. 
r/'. Ad. sk. 
h'. Ad. sk. 
e', /. $ ad. sk. 
k'. Ad. sk. 
I'. $ ad. sk. 

m\ S ad.; w'£>'. 
$ ad. sk. 
#'-£'. tf ad.; u\ 

$ ad. sk. 

v\ S ad. sk. 

w\ xf. <$ ad.; y\ 

z'. $ ad. sk, 
a". ? ad. sk. 
ft", d acl. sk ^ 
c". $ ad.; d", 

e". $ ad. sk. 
/'. d ad. sk. 

g", /*". S ad.; 

*v/-tf".$ ad.sk. 
m"-g". cJad.sk. 
?•". <J ad. sk. 
s", Z". c? ad. ; 

«". g ad. sk. 

v", icf'. Ad. sk. 

x". Juv. sk. 

?/", »". Ad. sk. 

Tonglioo. 
Tonglioo Hills, Nov. (22. 6-'. 

IK. JR.). 
Rangoon, Nov. 27 (22. G. W. JR.). 
Rangoon, Oct., Nov. (J. Arm


strong $ TV. DJ). 

Pegu, Feb. 
Tkayetmyo. 
Lower Pegu, Dec. 0. 
Upper Burmak, Sept. 20. 
Kollidoo, Tenasserim, Feb. 4 


(IV. Bavison). 
Pakpoon, Dec, Jan. ( TV. DJ). 
Kaukaryit, May, Oct., Nov. 

(J. JDarling). 
Assoon, Feb. 1 (IF*. Limborg), 
Tkatone, Nov., Dec. (IF. DJ). 
Tkeinzeik, Dec. (W. DJ). 

"Wlnrpong, Dec. f IV. DJ). 
Moulniein, 'SOY,, Dec. (W.D.). 

Tkoungyeen Valley, Oct. 8 (C 

T. JBinglumi). 
Amherst, March {J. Armstrong). 
Pakclian, Jan. (IF. DJ). 
Tonka, Jan. (J*. Darling)* 
Salang, Feb., Marcli (J. DJ). 

Siam (Schomhurgk). 

Cambodia, Sept. 

Hainan, Feb. (22. Swinhoe). 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Oate* CoU. 
Hume Coll. 
Oates Coll. 
Dr. J. Anders .in _C. 
Hume Cull. 


Hume ColL 


Hume Coll. 


Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume ColL 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Hume ColL 


Hume ColL 
Hume ColL 
Hume Coll. 


Gould Coll. 


M. E. Pierre "P.". 
Seebolim Coll. 
Specimens intermediate between TJ. iiidka and U. epojts. 

fir. Ad. sk. 

h-e. Ad. sk. 

f,g. 6 ? ad.sk. 

h. $ ad. sk. 
i. S ad. sk. 
j. 
§ ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
I. Ad. sk. 
nij n. 
$ ad.; o, 
$ ad. sk. 

p. 
Ad, sk. 
q. $ ad. sk, 
r-y. Ad.sk. 
z. <$ ad. sk. 
of, b'. Ad. sk. 
India. 
Ceylon, Nov., Dec. ($. Chapman 


and JBJ. Kevill). 
Coonoor, Jan., Feb. (F. Dag). 
Coonoor Ghaut, April (22. O. 

Wardlaio JRamsag). 

Nedivuttuni. 
Seegore, Feb. 17 (W. Davison). 
Bangalore, April (JR. G. W. 22.). 
Madras, 
Belgaum, Jan., Marcli, June 


(JE. JL. Butler). 
Deccan (8. JB. Fairbank). 
Khandeish, Feb. 3 (J. Davison). 
Etawak, Sept. to February. 
"Umbala, Oct. (22. 0. Beavan), 
Naini Tal. 

Gould ColL 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume ColL 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume ColL 
Tweeddale ColL 
Gould CoU. 
Hume ColL 

Tweeddale Coil. 
Hume CoU. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale ColL 
Hume ColL 

1. upim. 
c', d'. <$ ad.; e', Fnttehgurh district, Jan., Feb. Hume Coll. 

f. $ ad. sk. (A. Anderson), 
g'-i', <$ ad. sk. Fnttehgurh, Aug., Sept. (A. Hume Coll. 
Anderson), 
j'-l'. Ad. sk. OudJi Terai. Pinwill Coll. 
m'. Ad. sk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
(Type of U. indka, Ilodgs.) 
ri. 
Ad. sk. Darjiling. " A. Bygrave "Wharton, 
Esq. [P.], 


3. Upttpa niargi&ata. 
Upupa marginata, Bp. Consp. Vol Anis. p. 12 (1854, ex Peters' MSS. 
in Mus. Berol. ut descr. mdld!); Cab. & Hein. Mus. Hein. Th. ii. 

p. 127 (1800) 5 Hart!. Faun. Maday. p. 82 (1861) j Ml. P. Z. & 
18GG, p. 421 • Grandid. Bev. et Mag. de Zool. 1857, p. 355; Gray, 
Eand-l B. i. p. 103, no. 1256 (1869;; Finsch $ Earth Fog. Ostafr. 
p. 199, note (1870); Earth Tog. Madag. p. 84 (1877); Bartl 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 771; Milm-Ediv. § Grand. Eist. Nat. Madag., 
Ois. p. 270, pis. 93-95 (1879), 
Adult Similar to that of U. epops and with the primaries and 

secondaries similarly banded, but the transverse band of the tail is 

narrower and crosses the central feathers a little nearer the base; 

the first primary is wide and long and reaches to the distal edge of the 

white band of the second primary, instead of being nairow and short 

as in U. epops, and seldom reaching to the proximal edge of the band 

of the second primary. Total length about 12 inches, wing 5*8 

tail 4-4, bin 2-Q, tarsus 0-9. 

Hob. Madagascar. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Betaileo. 
Eev. J. Shaw [C.]. 

4. Upupa somalensis. (Plate I.) 
Upupa epops senegalensis {nee Sic), Shelley, Ibis, 1885, p. 397. 
Adult male. Similar to that of U. epops, and with the primaries 

and tail similarly banded with white ; the upper back, neck, head, 

and under surface are deeper rufous almost as in 
U. afrieana, and 

the secondaries are marked as in that species, the 
basal two-thirds 

being white and the apical third black crossed by a white transverse 

hand. Total length about 10*5 inches, wing 5*4, tail 3*7, bill 2-2, 

tarsus 0*8. 

There can be little doubt that the bird here described belongs 

to a species distinct from U. epops and U. africam, having the 

primaries banded as in the former bird and the secondaries like those 

of the latter as well as its rich colour. 

Hab. Somali-Land. 

a. 
Ad. sk. Somali (E. Lori-Phttlips). Shelley Coll 
(Type of the specie?.) 
14 TTPU:PID.2E. 

5. Upupa africana. 
Upupa africana, Bechst. Kurze Uebers. iv. p. 172 (1811) : lemm. 
Man. cVOm. i. p. 416 (1820) ; Licht. Verz. Doubl p. 1G (1823); 
Finsch $ Hartl. Vdg. Ostafr. p. 200 (1870); Sharpe in Dresser's 

B. Eur. v. p. 182 (1871); id. ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 134, 808 
(1875-84); Barratt, Ibis, 1876, p. 198; Bocaye, Orn. Angola, 
p. 124 (1877-81); Ay rest Ibis, 1870, p. 294; Sharpe in Gates' 
Matabele-Land, App. p. 804 (1881) ; Shelley, P. Z. S.1881,p. 570; 
id. Ibis, 1882, p. 245; Butler, Feilden, <$• Beid, Zool 1882, p. 207 ; 
Schaloiv, J.f. 0. 1880, p. 420; Si/monds, Ibis, 1887, p. 328; 
Bilttih. Notes Leyd. Mus. p. 195 (1889); Souza, Jorn. Zisb. (2) i. 
p. 114 (1889). 
Upupa minor, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 139 (1812); Wagler, Syst.Av.}
Upupa, sp. 2 (1827); Less. Traite, p. 323 (1831); Jerd. # Selby, 

III. Orn. text to pi. 142 (1839); Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 90 (1847) ; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 88 (1850); Grill, Zool. Anleckn.yp. 11, 40 (1858); 
Cab. § Heine, Mus. llein. Th. ii. p. 128 (I860); Kirk, Ibis, 1864, 
p. 324 (Zambesi); Gurney, Ibis, 1865, p. 265 (Natal) ; Layard, 
Ibis, 1868, p. 243 (Swellenclani); Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p, 103, 
no. 1252 (1869); Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 365 (Bamangwato) ; 
Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 69 (Durban) ; Sharpe <§• Boumer, Bull. Soc. 
Zool. France, i. p. 41 (1876, Landana); Cab. J.f O. 1878, p. 234 
(Teita). 
?Le Promerops Marcheur Largup, male, Zevaill. Hist. Nat. 
Promirops etc., iii. p. 56, pi. 23 (1807) 
La Huppe d'Afrique, Tieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xv. p. 4 (1817) : 

id. $• Audeb. Ois. Dor. pi. ii. Promerops, p. 11 (1802). 
Upupa cristatella, Vieill. Gal. Ois. i. p. 300, pi. 184 (1825). 
Upupa capensis, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii, p. 115 (1837); Jard. %• 

Selby, III. Orn. pi. 142 (1839) ; Reichenb. Handb. Scansores, p. 319, 
pi. dxcv. fig. 4035 (1853). 
Upupa decorata, Hartl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 86; Gray, Hand-l. B.i. 

p. 103, no. 1255 (1869); Fischer, J. f. 0. 1885, p. 127 (Ngimmian, 
&c.); Schahio, J. f. 0.1887, p. 236 (Mpara) ; BeicJten. J. f. O. 
1889, p. 276 (Usegua). 
Adult male. Similar to that of U. epops, but the rufous colour 
much, darker, the apical black spots of the crest-feathers "without 
any trace of white margin, no longitudinal dark streaks on the abdomen, 
the primaries wholly black, the basal two-thirds of the 
secondaries white, the terminal third black with a white transverse 
band; the white transverse band of "the tail is much nearer the base 
than in U. epops. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the abdomen streaked 
as in U. epop>$) and with a black transverse band across the middle 
of the white basal two-thirds of the secondaries. 

Ilab. Southern Africa as far north as the Congo District on the 
west, and the Zanzibar District on the east. 

a. Ad. sir. Cape Colony* F. Campbell, Esq. 
[P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. Cape Colony. Earl of Derby [P.], 
<?. Juv. sk. South Africa. Shelley Coll. 

d, e. Ad. sk; 
f-h. cS ad.; 

i. § ad. sk. 
/. Ad. sk. 
k. 
5 ad. sk. 
I 
$ ad. sk. 

m. $ ad. sk. 
n. Ad. sk. 
o, p. <S ad.; q. 
$ ad. sk. 
r} s. <$ § ad. 
sk. 


t. (S ad. sk. 
u. 
$ ad. j tf, w?» 
§ ad. sk 
x. 
$ ad.sk. 
y. 
2 ad. sk. 
z. Ad. sk. 
a'. Lnm. sk. 
5'. Ad. sk. 
c'. $ ad. sk. 


1 . XTPUPA. 
S.E. Africa. 
Eland's Post, May 
(T. C. 
Atmore). 

Kroonstad, Orange Free State, 
June (E. Symonds). ' 
Pinetown, Natal, Feb. (T, L. 
Ayi*es), 
Swazi-land, July 8 (T. & 
Buckley). 

Between Pretoria and 

JBamangwato (F. Oates). 
Transvaal (T. Ayres). 
Transvaal, July, Nov. (T. E. 

Buckley). 

Lydenburg, Transvaal; June 

(Gordge). 
Elephant Vley, Oct. (C. J. 
And&'ssori). 

Otjimbinque, March, June 

(C. J. A.). 
Benguela. 

Zambesi. 
Zambesi {Chapman). 
Mamboio, E. Africa (Sir J, 

Kirk). 
Pangani (Sir J. Kirk). 
Ndi in Teita, Feb. (Dr. 

JSildehrandt). 

J. Rocke, Esq. [P.]. 
Sliarpe & Skelley 
Colls. 
Gurney Coll. 

Snelley Coll. 

Shelley Coll. 

W. E. & C. G. Oates, 
Esqrs. [P.]. 
Gurney Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

Snelley Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Sliarpe Coll, 

Monteiro Coll. (Type 
of XT. decorata.) 
Sir J. Kirk [P.]. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

Snelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

IKEISOEIDJE. 

Family II. IRRISORIMI. 

The relationship subsisting between the Upupidm and Irrisoridcs, 
so strongly urged by Strickland, is now generally admitted, the 
many similar points of their structure being corroborative of this 
alliance. The points of difference, too, are manifest, but all of 
them of less apparent importance and serving only to separate 
the two families the one from the other. 

The male in Irrisor has a much longer, more curved, and slender 
bill than the female. 
Several fictitious species of Levaillanf s have usually been placed 
in the Irrisoridce. They are as follows:— 


Irrisor sibilator (Y.). 
„ caudacutus (V.). 
„ lamproloj)lius ("WagL). 
„ cceruleus (V.). 
„ cyemeus (Y.). 

The synonymy of these spurious species is fully given by Drs. 
linsch and Hartlaub in their ' Yogel Ost-Afrika's' (pp. 210, 211). 
Another species, Irrisor theojpTiilei of Prevost, has also probably 
no real existence (cf. Heugl. Orn. N.O.~Afr. i. p. 220). 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Nostrils elongated and open, slightly overhung 
by a strong thickened eave-like 
edge. Bill moderately arched 1. IBBISQB, p. 16. 
b, Nostrils elongated and completely overhung 
by a corneous membrane or operculum. 
Bill moderately arched or much 
curved. 

a'. Bill moderately arched 2. SCOFTELTTS, p. 21. 
b\ Bill much curved , S, KHI^OPOM ASTUS, p. 23. 

1. IEEIS0E. Tjp€ 
Irrisor, Less. TraiU fflOrn. p. 289 (1831) .............. I. viridls. 
Range, Confined to Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Head and throat metallic green or purple, 
wings and tail with white spots. 
a'. Tail more or less purple viridis, p. 17. 
b\ Tail more or less greenish blue erythrorhynehm, p. 19. 

1. IRRISOR. 17 
b. Head and throat buft or white, wings and 
tail spotless. 
c'. Head and throat buff; middle and lesser 
wing-coverts bronzy purpled\ Head and throat white; middle and lesser 
wing-coverts steel-blue 
bollii, p. 20. 
jachoni, p. 21. 

1. Irrisor viridis. 
Upupa viridis, A. A. H. Licht. Cat. rer. Nat. Hamb. p. 22 (1793). 
Proin3rops moqueur, LevailL Hist. Nat. Promerops etc. p. 8, pis. 1, 
2,3(1807). 
Falcinellus erythrorhynchus (nee Lath.), Vieill. N. Diet, a" Hist. Nat. 
xxviji.p.l63(1819). 
Nectarinia erythrorhynchos (nee lath.), Licht. Verz. Daubl. p. 15 
(1823). 
Epimaehus erythrorhynchos (nee Lath,), Wagler, Syst. Av. Epimaehus, 
sp/4 (1827). 
Irrisor eapensis, Less. Traiti d'Orti. p. 239 (1831); Cab.fy Seine. Mus. 
Rein. Th. ii. p. 139 (1860). 
Promerops erythrorhynchus (nee Lath.), HartL Verz. Brem. Samml. 

p. 16 (1844) ; Biane. Spec. Zool. Mosamb. fasc. xviii. p. 320 
(1867). 
Imsor 
erythrorhynchus (nee Lath.), Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 90 (3-847, 
pt.); Bp. Consp. i. p. 410 (185Q, pi); Strichl.fyScl Contr. Orn. 
1852, p. 154 (Damara); Grill, Zool. Anteck. pp. U, 40 (1858) ; 
Gumey, Ibis, 1862, p. 27 (Natal); Mont. t. c. p. 334 (Angola); 
Kirk, Ibis, 1804, p. 325 (Zambesi) ; Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 72 
(1867); HartL P. Z. S. 1867, p. 824 (Zanzibar); Gray, Hand-l. B. *. 

i. p. 104, no. 1259 (1869); Layard, Ibis, 1869, p. 364; Sharpe, 
P. Z. S. 1870, p. 149 (Rio Dande) ; Frnsch & Hartl. Vog. Osiafr. 
p. 205 (1870); G,umey in Anderss. B. Dam.-Ld. p. 65 (1872); 
Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 712 (Mombasa); Shelley, Ibis, 1865, 
p. 69 (Durban); Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 137, 808 
|l875-84); Buckley, Ibis, 1876, p. 133 (Bamangwato); Ban\att, 
t. c. p. 199 (Lydenburg) ; Socage, Orn. Angola, p. 126 (1877-81) ; 
Michols. P. Z. 3.18.78, p. 355 (I)ar-es~Salaam); Fuch. $ Beichen. 
J. f. O. 1878, p. 256 (Wanika), 1880, p. 141 (Nguru Mts.) ; 
Ay res, Ibis, 1879, p. 294 (Transvaal) ; Sharpe, in Oatei Matahele-
Ld. App.p.304 (1881); Gumey, Ibis, 1881, p. 125 (Mpmbasa); 
Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 570; Holub $ Pelz. Orn. Siidafr. p. 71 
(1B82); Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 245 (Umvuli River) ; %£P. Z. S. 
1882, p. 302; Bohm, J.f.O. 1883, p. 190; Schalow, t. c. p. 851 
(Mpapw.aj Kakoma); Fi$ch. Zeitsch. ges. Orn. i. p. 360 (1884, 
Pangani); Bohm, J. f O. 1885, p. 46; Fischer, t. c. p. 127; 
Ayres, Ibis, 1885, p. $1 (Umzeila's country); Shelley, Ibis4 1885,, 
p. 395 (Somali); Souza, Jorn. Lisb. 1886, no. 43, p. 152; Schalow, 
J.f.O. 1886, p. 426; Beichen. J.f. Q. 1887, p. 61 (Usan<Jawi)^ 
Schalow, J. f. O. 18$7, p. 236; Buttik. Notes Ley dm Mus. x. 
p. 222 (1888, Kasinga Biver), xi. p. 08 (1889, Humpata); Tristr. 
Jbis, 1889, p. 225 (Kjkombo); Souza, Jorn. Inb. na 48, p. %2\ 
(1888); Beichen. J.f.O. 1889, p. 276. 
Irrisor 
senegalensis (nee V), Gumey, P.Z.S. 1864, p. 2 (Damaya); 
Cab. in Von der Decken's Pets. iii. p. 34 (1869) ; id. J.f 0.1878, 

p. 234; Holub Sf Pelz. Beitr. Orn. Siidafr. p. 71 (1882). 
VOL. XVI. C 
IREISOEID.E. 

Adult male. Upper surface glossy metallic green, with a shade of 

bronze on the back ; posterior portion of the crown and nape shaded 

with steel-blue; lower back and upper tail-coverts purple or blue-

black, edged with dark copper; wings steel-blue, the primaries and 

primary-coverts greener, the latter tipped with white ; lesser coverts 

darker blue and broadly edged with coppery ; a band of white crosses 

the primaries beyond the middle, consisting of a large spot on the 

inner web and a small one on the outer (the latter absent in the 

three or four outer quills) : the shafts blackish; tail purplish, with 

violet reflections above, greener beneath, the middle pair of rectrices 

unspotted, the rest with a transverse slightly oblique subterminai 

white bar more or less divided hy the dark shaft; under surface glossy 

metallic green on the breast and anterior portion of the abdomen ; 

throat and chin glossy steel-blue; lower abdomen and under tail-

coverts black, with a tinge of purple ; under wing-coverts steel-blue. 

Total length about 14*5 inches, wing 5*4, bill from gape 2*45, tail 7 

to 9, tarsus 0-9. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour, but with a shorter, 

straighter bill, the primary wing-coverts more widely tipped with 

white: "bill and feet scarlet; iris dark hazel*' (T. E. Bnc1chy). 

Total length about 13*5 inches, wing 5*2, bill from gape 1*75, tail 

7*8, tarsus 0*9. 

Young. Differs from the adult in having a black bill, the upper 

surface dusky black with a purplish or bronzy gloss, especially on 

the head, and sometimes with rusty-brown feathers on the crown 

and throat; under surface dingy black, with hardly any gloss, this 

colour appearing first on the throat; distal half of the primary-

coverts white, the alar speculum being thus larger than that of the 

adult female, and much larger than that of the male. 

Hah. Africa, from Angola and Mombasa southwards. 

a, h. Ad. sk. Mombasa (Hev. J. Wakefield). Sliarpe Coli 

c, d. Ad. sk. Mombasa (Mandford). Rev. A. F. Buxton 

[PA 

e. J ad. sk. Mainland opposite Mombasa, l)r. J\ Hildebrandt 
Aug. [C.]. 
f. Ad. sk. Dar-es-Salaam. Messrs. Moir [P.], 
g. Ad. sk. Dar-es-Salaam (B. C. Buxton). Shelley Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Mamboio (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
i} /. Ad. et juv. Ugogo (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
sk. 
k, I Ad. et juv. Usambara Mountains (Sir J. Shellev Coll 
sk. Kirk), 
m, n. Ad. et juv. Makalaka Country (Dr. Brad- Shelley Coll. 
sk. sham). 

o. J ad. sk. 1st Makalaka Kraal, Zam- W. E. & 0. G. Gates, 
besi Boad, March 30 (F. Esqrs. [P.]. 
Oates). 
p. $ ad. sk Tati, Matabele-Land, June 2d W. E. & C. G. Oates 
(F. Oates). Esqrs. [P.j. 
q. Juv. sk. Rustenburg. R A. Barratt, Esq. 
[PA 
19 

1. IEE1S0E. 
r. S juv. sk. Rustenburg, Jane 7(2". Ayres). Gurney Coll. 
s. 
$ ad. sk. Limpopo River, Aug. 13 (T. Gurney Coll. 
Ayres). 
t. Ad. sk. Potchefstroom (T. Ayres). Shelley Coll. 
u. 
§ ad. sk. Swaziland, June 27 (T. E. Shelley Coll. 
Buckley). 
v. Ad. sk. Natal (T. Ayrei). Sharpe Coll. 
w, T. Ad. sk. Upper Umlaas River (Gordge). Shelley Coll. 
y. Ad. sk. Newcastle (Capt. Savile Reid). Shelley Coll. 
z, a!. $ ad. sk. Eland'* Post, S.E. Africa (71 Sharpe Coll. 
0. Atmore).
b'. $ ad sk. Eland's Post, June (T. C. A.). Shelley Coll. 
<?'. 2 ad. sk. Knysna, Jan. 16 (C J.Anders-Sharpe Coll. 
son).
d'-f. Ad. sk. Damara-Land (C. J. Anders-Sharpe Coll. 
son).

</. Ad. sk. Damara-Land. C. J. Andersson [0.]. 

h', i'. d juv.; / , Otjinibinque, Sept. (0. J. A.). Sharpe Coll. 
A;'. $ ad. et 
juv. sk. 

I'. <$ ad. sk. Elephant Vley, Aug. 5 (C Gurney Coll. 

J. Jx.J, 
m'. 5 a&. sk. Ovaquenyama, June 4( C.J. A.). Sharpe Coll. 
%'. c? juv. sk, River Okavango, May (C. J. Sharpe Coll. 

o'. c? ad. bk. Rio Dande, Angola, April Sharpe Coll. 

{Sola). 

2. Irrisor erythrorliynclms. 
Red-billed Promerops, Lath. Gen. Syn. SuppL p. 124, pi. 110 (1787), 
Upupa erythrorhynchos, Lath. 2nd. Orn. i. p. 280 (1790). 
? Upupa erythrorhynchos, Shaw <$• Miller, Cimel. Phys. p. 96 (1796) ; 

Shaw 8f Nodd. Nat. Misc. xiii. pi. 533 (ex Miller). 
Promerops purpureus, Shaw fy Miller, Cimel. Phys. pi. 52 (1796). 
? Promerops erythrorhynchos, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. pt. 1, p. 150, 

pi. 18 (1812). 
Promerops erythrorhynchos, Rilpp. Syst* Uebers. p. 28 (1845); 
Seugl Syst Uebers. p. 21 (1856). 
? Le Promerops a bee rouge, Audeb. et Vieill. Hist. Nat. Prom&rops 
etc. p. 20, pi. vi. (1802). 
Le Promerops Sen<%alais, Vieill. N. Diet dHist. Nat. xxriii, 

p. 168 (1819). 
Nectarinia melanorhynchos, Meld. Verz. Douhl. p. 15 (1823). 
Falcinellus senegalensis, Vieill. JSnc. Mith. ii. p. 580 (1828). 
Epimachus senegalensis, Wagler, Syd. Av. Epimachus, sp. 3 (1827). 
Epimachus erythrorhynchus, Rilpp. Neue Wirb.^. 73 (1835-40). 
Promerops senegalensis, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 117 (1837). 
Irrisor melanorhvnchus, Gray, Gen, B. i. p. 90 (1847) ; Bp. Consp. 
i. p. 410 (1850) j Reichenb. Handb. Scans, pp. 322,323, Taf. dxevii. 
figs. 4041, 4042 (1853*. 
Irrisor senegalensis, StrtcM. P. Z. S. 1850, p. 216; Marti. Orn. West-
Afr. p. 42 (1857) ; Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. Th, ii. p. 130 (1860) ,• 
Spehe, Ibis, 1860, p. 244; Hartl J. / . O. 1861, p. 108; Gray, 
Hand-l. B. ii. p. 104, no. 1260 (1869); Forbes, Ibis, 1883, p. 52(5; 
Hartert, J.f. 0.1886, p. 592. 

20 
IRRiaORlD.tt. 

Irrisor erythrorhynchus, Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 57 (Abomey); 
Sclt.c. p. 124 (Danakil); Brehm, lieis, Habesch, pp. 211, 279 
(1803); Antin. Cat descr. Ucc. p. 32 (1864); Heugl Orn. N.O.-
Afr, i. p. 214 (1800) ; Blanf. Geol. $ Zool. Abyss, p. 332 (1870); 
l\mch} Trans. Z. 8. vii. p* 230 (1870) ; Antin. tf Sahad. Viagg. 
Bogos, p. GO (1873) j Ilartl. Abhandl nat. Ver. Bremen, vii. p. 107 
(1881); Pelz. Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xxxi. p. 608 (1881); Sharpe, 
Jour. Linn. Soc.} Zool xvii. p. 427 (1884); Sahad. Ann. Mm. 
Civic. Genov. (2) i. p. 100 (1884), vi. p. 220 (1888). 

Rhinopoma&tes cyanomelas (nee Vieilll), Horsf. <$r Moore, Cat. B. 
Mm. E.I Co. ii. p. 727 (185(5-58); Heugl J. f. O. 1867, p. 201 
(ex Wiirt. 3ISS. it). 

Irrisor blythii, Heugl J.f. 0. 1867, p. 202. 

Similar to I virldis, but differing in its steel-green tail, which 
Bhows scarcely any violet or purple reflections. 


There can be no doubt, I think, that Latham's title applies to 
the northern form of this Irrisor, of which 7. seneyalensis, Sw., 
is a synonym. Of the latter, I have examined the type kindly lent 
me by the authorities of the Cambridge University Museum. 


Hah. West Africa, from the Gambia to the Niger. KE . Africa, 
from Bogos-Land to Shoa, extending into the Mam-Mam country. 


ct.Ad.etjuv.sk. Bathurst, River Gambia (Quvri). Sharpe Coll. 

b. Ad. sk. Bathurst, River Gambia. Shelley Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Bissao. Sharpe Coll. 
dj e. Juv. sk. River Gambia (SirA. Moloney). Shelley Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. Abomey. L. Fraser [C.]. 
g. Ad. sk. Om-Bildr, Darfur. B. Solymos, Esq. [P.], 
h, i. Ad. et juv. Maragaz, Bogos-Land, July 29 Tweeddale Coll. 
( W, Jesse), 


j. <$ juv. sk. Kokai, Julv 12 (W. Jesse). Tweeddale Coll. 
'k, I c? ad. et juv.; Anseba Valley, July 30. W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
m. $ ad. sk. 
[O.l 
n. 
?ad.sk. Ailat, Bogos. W. T, .Blanford, Esq. 
[C.]. 
o. Juv. sk. Ailat, Bogos (Esler). Sharpe Coll. 
p. Imm. sk. Senaf6, Tigr<$; Feb. 24. W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
q} r. Ad.; s, t, Shoa (Sir W. C. Harris), India Museum. 

u. Imm. sk. 
v. Ad. sk. N.E. Africa (Mm. Vindob.). Sharpe Coll. 
v 
$ ad. sk. Kutschugali, Niam-Niam, F. Bohndoiff [C.]. 
Sept. 

3. Irrisor bollii. (Plate II.) 
Irrisor 
bollei; Marti. J.f.O. 1858, p. 445; id. J.f. 0.1861, p. 108 • 
Shame, Ibis, 1871, p. 414; id. Cat. Afr. B. p. 10 (1871): id. Ibil 
1872, p 67 j Meichen. J.f.O. 1875, p. 20. ' 

Adult male. Upper surface from the nape to the middle of the 
back glossy green; lower back, upper tail-coverts, and basal two-thirds 
of the central rectrices and the rest of the tail on the outer webs 
towards the base dark reddish purple; terminal third of the central 

2 . SCOPTELTJS. 
rectrices and the rest of the tail, together with the wings, steel-blue; 
middle and lesser wing-coverts reddish-copper; head and throat 
buff; breast and anterior portion of the abdomen glossy green like 
the back, lower abdomen and under tail-coverts black faintly tinged 
with bronze; bill red; feet yellowish hazel. Total length about 
14*5 inches, wing 5*1, tail 8*2, bill 2, tarsus 0*9. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with a shorter, stouter, 
straighter bill. 

Young. Bill black, the head and throat covered with dusky-black 
feathers, which are gradually replaced by the buff feathers of the 
adult. 

Hab. Forest-districts of the Gold Coast. 

a. Ad. sk. Fantee. Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk.
o. 1mm. sk.
d, e. Ad. sk.
/ . Imm. sk. 
Fantee (H T. Ussher). 
Fantee. 
Fantee (H. T. Ussher). 
Wasa Province, July (H. F.
(Type of the species.) 
Sharpe Coll. 
A. Swanzy, Esq. [P.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. Mampon, Aug. (H. F. B.). Shelley Coll. 

4. Irrisor jacksoni. (Plate III. fig. 1.) 
Irrisor jacksoni, Sharpe, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. 1890, vi. p. 503. 
Adult male. Similar to that of I. hollei, but with the glossy-green 
of the back rather brighter, that of the breast rather more bronzy; 
head and throat nearly white; middle and lesser wing-coverts steel-
blue untinged with bronzy-purple; central rectrices bluer, less 
purple: bill, lores, and cireumocular region coral-red; feet yellowish 
red; iris orange. Total length about 14 inches, wing 5*4, tail 8*5, 
bill 1*75, tarsus 0*75. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with a shorter, rather 
straighter bill. The glossy green of the sides of the neck extends to 
the posterior margin of the orbit. 

Mob. Central East Africa, forests of Mount Elgon. 

2. SCOPTELUS. ~ 
Type. 
Scoptelus, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. ii. p. 129 (1860) S. notatus. 

Range. "Western and North-eastern Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Head and neck steel-blue ; wings with a white 
median band. 
a'. Tail spotless aterrimus, p. 22. 
b\ Outermost rectrix on either side with a sub


terminal white band, sometimes divided 
into two spots notatus, p. 22. 


b. Head and neck chestnut, wings unhanded ... . castaneiceps, p. 23. 
IRKJSOJEtlD^. 

1. Scoptelus aterrimus. 
Lesser Black Promerops, Lath, Gen. Mist. iv. p. Il l (1822). 
Promerops aterrimus, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. xiv. pt. 1; p. 25/ 

(1826); Hartl Verz. Brem. Samml p. 16 (1844). 
Promerops pusillus, Swains, B. W. Afr. ii. p. 120 (1837). 
Irrisor aterriinus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 90 (1847) ; id. Hand-l B. i. 

p. 104, no. 1267 (1869). 
Rhinopomastes pusillus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 411 (1850) 5 Beichenh. 
Handb. Scanasores, p. 826 (1853). 
Irrisor pusillus, Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 48 (1837) ; id. J.f 0. 1861, 

p. 108. 
Adult (female ?). Glossy purple, more steel-blue on the anterior 
portion of the crown, wings, and tail; under surface from the 
throat to the vent blacker; wing with a central white band, the 
outer webs of the first, second, and third quills black; tips of all 
the quills grey with a darker edge ; outermost primary-coverts 
steel-blue, the next six white; bill dark horn-colour, feet black. 
Total length about 8'8 inches, wing 3*9, tail 4*7, bill 1-2, tardus 0*7. 

Young. Similar to the adult, but browner on the sides of the 
head and on the whole of the under surface. 

I have not seen an authentic adult male specimen of this species. 
It probably has the primaries nearly wholly steel-blue towards 
the tips, with hardly any trace of grey colour characteristic of the 
females in the allied forms. 

Drs. Finsch and Hartlaub have recorded this species from Damara-
Land from an examination of young specimens, and have been 
followed by Gurney. These specimens, when re-examined, will most 
probably be found to belong to Rhuiopomastus cyanomelas, as urged 

by Mr. Sharpe. 
Hah. Senegambia. 
a. Ad. sk.
b, c. Ad. et juv.
sk.
d. Imm, sk. 
Senegambia. 
S. Louis, Senegal 
Laglaize). 
Senegambia. 
(L. 
Shelley Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

2. Scoptelus aotatas, 
Epirnachus cyanomelas (nee V.\ Bupp. Neiie Wirb. p. 79 (1835-40). 
Promerops cvanomelas (nee F), Biipp. Sust. Uebers. p. 28 (1845); 
Heugl. Syst TJebers. p. 20 (1856). 
Rhinopomastes cyanomelas (nee F), Mors/. & Moore, Cat, B. Mus. 

E. I. Co. ii. p. 727 (1854, spec. A). 
Scoptelus aterrimus (nee Steph.), Cab, $ Heine, Mm. Hem. Th. ii. 
p. 129 (1860): Antin. $ Salvad. Tiagg. Bogos, p. 61 (1873); 
Sharpe in Bayards B. S. Afr. p. 140 (1875). 
Irrisor cyanomelas (nee F.), Heugl J. f O. 1864, p. 208. 
Rhinopomastes pusillus (nee Sw.), Antin. Cat. deser. Ucc. p. 32 

(1854) ; Salvad. Atti B. Accad. Torin. v. p. 729 (1870). 
Irrisor aterrimus (nee Sieph.\ Cab. in Ton der Beekm's Beis.m. 

p. 34 (1869); Heugl Orn. K.O.-Afr. L p. 219(1869); Blanf. 
3 . RHINOPOMASTUS. 
Geol. 4r Zool Abyss, p. 334(1870); Finsch, Trans. Z. S. vii. p. 227 
(1870); HCartl. Abhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen, viii. p. 205 (1888). 
? Irrisor pusillus (nee Sio.), Reiehen. J.f.0.1837, p. 305(Leopoldville). 

Adult. Similar to that of S. aiemmus, but the upper surface 
bluer where JS, aterrhnus is purple and greener where that bird is 
steel-blue• the outermost rectris on either side always has a 
subterminal white band, which varies somewhat in width and is 
sometimes divided into two spots by the dark shaft. 

Young. Differs from the young of 8. pusillus in the same way as 
the adults from one another. 

The adult males of this species have a dark greyish subterminal 
patch on the inner webs of the primaries. In the females this is 
much larger, paler, and more distinct. 

This bird of KE . Africa has usually been united with the West-
African 8. pusillus, but from the specimens before me I have no 
difficulty in distinguishing the two birds. 

Hah. Horth-east Africa, perhaps extending into the Congo region. 

a. Imm. sk.
b. Ad. sk.
c. <$ ad. sk.
d. cS ad. sk.
e. J juv. sk. 
Ailat, Bogos (JEsler). 
Senafe, Abyssinia, May 13(W. Jesse). 
Rairo, Bogos, Aug. (W.
Jebse). 
Mohaber, July 9 ( W. Jesse). 
Anseba Valley, Aug. 7. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
/• [ ? ] a<^ s** Abyssinia (Sir W. C. Harris). India Museum. 

3. Scoptelus castaneiceps. (Plate III. fig. 2.) 
Irrisor bollei, juv., Uartl J.f.O.n. 1858, p. 445. 
Irrisor castaneiceps, Sharpe, Ibis, 1871, p. 414,1872, p. 07; Ussher, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 51. 

Adult. Upper surface glossy steel-blue, brighter and greener on 
the back, scapulars, and wing-coverts; lower back and upper tail-
coverts darker and duller* tail rich purple ,* whole head and neck 
chestnut• abdomen greenish black ; under tail-coverts more purple; 
bill horn-colour, the tomia whitish; feet black. Total length about 
12 inches, wing 4*2, tail 6-6, bill 1*3, tarsus 0*7. 

Specimen a is in rather fresher plumage than the type and the 
tail is richer purple. 
Hab. Forests of the Gold Coast. 

a. Ad. sk. Eantee. 
Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Eantee (H. T. Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
(Type of the sx)ecies.) 
3. 
RHINOFOMASTUS. « 
Type. 
Bhinopomastus, Smith, Zool. Joimi. iv. p. 2 (182S) .. B. cyanumelas. 
Range. Southern Africa as far as Angola and the Congo region on 
the west; and throughout Eastern and North-eastern Africa. 

24 IRRISORIDS. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Wings with a median white bar ; tail with subterminal 
white spots more or less distinct. 
a. Larger ; bill black cyanomelas, p. 24. 
b'. Smaller; bill yellow minor, p. 26. 
b. Wings and tail spotless, bill yellow cabanisi7 p. 26. 
1. Rhinopomastus cyanomelas. 
Le Promerops namaquois, Temm. Cat. Syst. du Cabinet d'Om. 
pp. 74, 217 (1807); Levaill. Hist. Kaf. From. pi. 5 (ad.), V1 6 
(juv.) (1807). m 

Falcmellus cyanomelas, Tieifl. K. I)kt. J Hist. Nat xxvm. p. lOo 

(1819). 
Tpupa purpurea, Bttrck. Trav. 8. Afr. i. pp. 326, 464 (1822;. 
Epimachus cyanomelas, Wagler, Syst. Ai\, Promerops, sp. 5 (1827). 
Epimachus unicolor, Wagler, Isis, 1821), p. 656. 
llhinopomastus smithii, Jard. Zool. Jour. Iv. p. 1, pi. i. (1828). 
Rhinopomastes cyanomelas, Less. TraiU d'Om. p. 230 (1831); Bp. 

Consp. i. p. 411*(1850); Reickenb. Hmulb. Scansores, p. 325, Taf. dc. 
figs. 4048-49 (1853); Cab. % He.ne, Mw. Hem. Th. ii. p. 120 
(1860); Hartl. Ibis, 1862, p. 145; Barratt, Ibis, 1876. p. 199; Skarpe, 
ed. Bayard's B. 8. Afr. pp. 138, 800 (1878-84) ; Cab. J.f 0. 3878; 

p. 234; 8harpe,in Gates' Matabele-Land, App. p. 304 (18^1); 
Shelley, P. Z. S.1881, p. 570,1882, p. 302; Butler, Feilden, |-Rdd, 
Zool 1882, p. 207; 8chalow,J.f. 0. 1883, p. 351; Fischer, J.f O. 
1885, p. 127; Ayres, Ibid, 1887, p. 52; Symonds, t. c. p. 328. 
Promerops purpuratus, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 121 (1837). 
Rhinopomastes levaillanti, Less, (ubi ?), teste G. R. Gray. 
Epimachus unicolor, Licht. Verz. Tog. Kaffernl. p. 17 (1842). 
In isor cyanomelas, Gray, Gen. B. i p. £)0 (1847); Scl P. Z. S. 


1864, p. 110; Mont. P. Z. S. I860, p. 94; Layard, B. 8. Afr. 

p. 73; Gurney, Ibis, 1868, p. 44 ; Heuyl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 217 
(1869); Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 104, no. 1268 (1869) ; Sharpe, R 
Z. S. 1869, p. 567 ; Finsch fy Hartl. Tog. Ostufr. p. 207 flbTO); 
Gumey in Anderss. B. Dam.-Ld. p. 67 (1872) f Kirk, Ibis, 1872, 
p. 325; Buckhy, Ibis, 1874. p. 366; Fischer § Reichen. J. f. O. 
1878, p. 256,1879, p. 344 (Malindi) ; Socage, Orn. Angola, p. 127 
(1881); Rohm, J.f. 0. 1883, p. 190; Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. i. 
p. 360 (1884) ; id. J.f 0. 1885, p. 127 ; Bilttik Kotes Ley dm Mm. 
x. p. 222 (1888), xl p. 68 (1889); Soma, Jom. Zisk no. 45 (1887); 
Shelley, Ibis, 1888, p. 297; id. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 358; Reichen. 
J.f. 0. 1889, p. 276 (Quilimane). 
Irrisor unicolor, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 90 (1847); Bp. Camp. i. p. 411 
(1850). 
Rhinopomastes unicolor, Licht. NomencL p> 66 (1854). 
Irrisor atemmus, Finsch fy Hartl Vog. Ostafr. p. 209 (1870); 

Gtirney in Anderss. B. JDam.-Ld. p. 68 (1872). 

Adult male. Glossy steel-bine, more purple on the back, scapulars, 
and hind neck, duller on the chin and throat, blacker on the abdomen 
and under wing-coverts ; a white hand crosses the middle of the 
primaries, the outer web of the first three quills being wholly dark, 
a small spot of white appearing on the outer web of the fourth quill, 

3 . KHIXOPOMA.STUS. 
the spot on the inner web of the first quill is sometimes wanting ; 
the outermost four primary-coverts steel-bine, the fifth to the eighth 
white; a subterminal white band on the outermost two rectrices 
white, divided into two spots by the dark shaft: bill and feet black, 
iris hazel (F. Oates). Total length about 11 inches, wing 4*3, tail 
5, bill 1*65, tarsus 1-8. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the tips of the 
primaries grey, and the chin and throat browner. 
Young. Similar to the female, but the head and under surface 
generally browner. 
Hob. Southern Africa, ranging to Benguela on the west and the 
Zambesi on the east, and thence northwards to Mombasa. 

a~e. Ad. sk. South Africa. Sir A. Smith [C.]. 

d. Juv. sk. South Africa (E. L. Layard). Sharpe Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Cape Colony {Butler). Shelley Coll. 
/ . $ imm. sk. Griqnaland, April(T. C. Atmore). Shelley Coll, 
a<^-e

</, h. 2t Natal (T. Ay res). Sharpe Coll. 
imm. sk. 


i. Ad. sk. Natal (F. Oates). W.E.&C.G. Oates, 
Esqrs. HP.]. 
j. 
Ad. sk. Kroonstaad, Orange Free State, Gurney Coll. 
May (Symonds). 
k. Ad. sk, Marico. F. A. Barratt, Fsq. 
[C.]. 
/. 
§ imm. sk. Kanye, Matabele-Land {Dr. H. Sharpe Coll. 
JEi-ton). 


m. 
J ad. sk. Matabele-Land, Sept. 22 (T. E. Shelley Coll. 
Buckley). 
n. 
$ ad. sk. Ramangwato,, Aug. 5 (T. K Shelley Coll. 
Btickley). 
o. <$ ad. sk. Metli River, near Shoshong, W. E. & C. G. Oates, 
Aug. 10 (F. Oates). Esqrs. [P.! 
p. 
J ad. sk. Senile, Oct. 18 (F. Oates). W.E.&C.G. Oates, 
Esqrs. [P.]. 
q. $ 
ad. sk. Palatswie River, Oct. 20 (F. W.E.&C.G. Oates, 
Oates) Esqrs. [P.]. 
r. Ad. ; 
s, t, u. Makalaka Country (Br. Brad-Shelley Coll. 
Imm. sk. shaw). 
v, w1 a\ Ad. sk. Zambesi. 
Sir J. Kirk [P.]. 

y. Ad. sk. Zambesi. 
Sir J. Kirk [P.]. 
z. Ad. sk. Zambesi (Dr. Meller). Tweeddale Coll. 
a'} b'. J ad. et Otjimbinque, Damara-Land, Tweeddale Coll. 
5 
imm. sk. May, June (C. J. Andersson). 
imm* Otjimbinque, April, June Sharpe Coll. 


c', d'. <? 5

(C.J. A.).
sk. 

Benguela(«7. J. M.). Monteiro Coll. 

e\ Ad. sk. 

River Quanza, Nov. lo (J. J, M.). Sharpe Coll. 

/' . Ad.sk. 

Lamu (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 

g\ Ad. sk, 

Doruma, Aug. H. C. V. Hunter, 

h\ i'. Ad. et juv. 

Esq. [P.]. 

sk. 

 e t Manda Island, Nov. F. J. Jackson, Esq. 

j'} k'. S &&


[p.]. 

imm. sk. 

rKKisoRn^. 

2. UMnopomastus minor. 
Promerops minor, Pdpp. Syd. Uebers. p. 28 (1843). 
Epimachus minor, Hupp, t. c. pi. 8 (1845). 
Irrisor minor, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 90 (1847) ; Spehe, Ibis, 1860, p. 224 


Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 104, no. 1269 (1869) ; Heugl. Orn. KO, 

Afr. i. p. 218 (1869) ; Fimch $ Hartl. Yog. Ostafr. p. 206(1870) 

Shelley, Ibis, 1885, p. 897. 

Ehinopomastes minor, Bp. Consp. i. p. 114 (1850) ; Heichenb. Handb, 
Scamores, p. 826, Taf. dc. fig 4050 (1853) ; Cab. |- Heme, Mus, 
Rein. Th. ii. p. 129, note (I860) ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civic. Genov 

(2) vi. p. 220 (1888). 
Similar to R. cyanomelas, but smaller, ttie bill yellow and the 
primary-coverts wholly steel-blue. Total length about 9 inches, 
wing 3*7, tail 3*7, bill 1*35, tarsus 0*7. 

Hab. N.E. Africa, from Shoa to Somali-land. 

a. Ad. sk. Shoa. Br. Buppell TJ.\ 
3. EMnopomastus cahanisi. 
Irrisor cahanisi, De Filippi, Rev. et Mag. de Zool. 1853, p. 239 (Upper 
White Nile); Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 270 (1857); Gray, Hand-L 

B. i. p. 104, no. 1270 (1869); Heugl. Orn. X.O.-Afr. I p. 219 
(1869, Upper White Nile); Fimch 8f Hartl. Vog. Ostafr. p. 207, 
note (1870); Hartl. Abhandl. not. Ver. Bremen, vii. p. 107 (1^62, 
Lado); Fischer, Zeitschr.ges.Orn. p. 300 (1884, ilotoiro) * Reickea. 
J.f. 0.1887, p. 61 (Salanda). 
Promerops icterorhynchus, Heugl. Syst. Uebers. p. 20 (1856). 
Rhinopoinastes cabanisi, Reichenb. Handb. Scansores, p. 326 (1853) ; 
Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hain. Th. ii. p. 129, note (1860) ; Shelley, 

P. Z. S. 1882, p. 306 (Mamboio); Fischer, J. f. O. 1885, p. 127 
(Mossiro). 
Irrisor cyanomelas {nee V.), Hartl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 105 (Kazeh). 
Irrisor minor (nee Rupp.), Shelley, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 358. 

Adult male. Glossy steel-blue, more purple on the back, scapulars, 
head, and hind neck, blacker on the breast and abdomen ; wings and 
tail spotless • bill yellow; tarsi and toes black. Total length about 
9 inches, wing 3'8, tail 4*4, bill 1*5, tarsus 0-8. 

Young. Duller than the adult, the under surface browner; " bill 
yellowish horn-colour; feet black; iris dusky brown " (EniiaPaslia). 
Hab. From the Upper White Nile region to the Zanzibar district 
of Eastern Africa. 

a. Ad. sk, Taveta, E. Africa. H. C. T. Hunter,Esq. 
[P."5 . 
L Ad. sk. Mamboio (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll 
c. J juv. sk. Lado, Jan. 29 {Emm Pasha). Shelley Coll. 

TROCHILI. 27 

Suborder TROCHILI. 

(By OSBEET SALVIN.) 

Skeleton*.—Maxilla and mandible long and slender; anteorbital 
very large and blended with the lachrymal, which probably forms 
but a small portion of it f; interorbital septum and anterior wall 
of the brain-case slightly ossified ; dentary process of premaxilla 
and the maxilla form a free rod beneath the lateral margin of the 
premaxilla on either side, secured only at its extremities, llaxillopalatines 
a flat horizontal lamina widely separated in the median 
line. Yomer deeply cleft behind, with a somewhat rounded anterior 
margin, from the middle of which a long, straight, slender spine 
proceeds. Palatines widely separated in the middle line, diverging 
posteriorly; outer margins nearly straight, long, and slender anteriorly, 
and, after coalescing with the maxilla, pass into a pointed free 
end. Bostrum of basisphenoid very broad; no pterygoid processes. 
Pterygoids straight subcylindrical rods. Quadrate nearly horizontal; 
mastoidal and mandibular ends each with two transverse facets; a 
44 peg "-like process receives the hollowed end of the pterygoid; the 
orbital process much reduced; angle of the mandible truncated; 
ends of the hyoidean apparatus embrace the back of the skull and, 
meeting on the top, extend forward side by side along the middle 
line, grooves in the cranium receiving them when they lie in contact 
with it. Spinal column with 32 vertebrae and a pygostyle, the last 
two dorsals anchylosed to the pelvic sacrum. Sternum long, gradu


ally widening towards the xiphoidal end, which has an entire rounded 
border; manubrium absent; carina very deep. Coracoid with a 
tendinal canal closed with bone, and a large perforation in the shaft 
below it; sternal extremity not dilated. Hypocleidium of the very 
broad U-shaped furculum rudimentary ; blade of scapula bent at an 
obtuse angle outwards in the same plane as that of its chief surface. 
Humerus short and broad, of peculiar shape, shorter than the ulna; 
radius much arched; metacarpus considerably longer than the ulna; 
phalanges of the mantis very long and peculiarly shaped; four sesamoids—
two in the carpus and two in the elbow. Large free patella; 
pro- and eetocnemial processes of the tibio-tar&us rudimentary; 
hypotarsus of metatarsus both pierced and grooved for tendons. 
Hallux incumbent. Phalanges of pes normal (2-3-4-5). 

The tongue J of the TrochiU is very long, and can be thrust out 
far beyond the end of the long bill. The anterior portion moves in 
a sheath, and presents the appearance of two cylinders united, with 
a deep groove above and another beneath, for part of their length, 

* Shufeldt, P.Z. S. 1885, p. 912. 
t Shufeldt, Journ. Li cm. Soc, Zool. xx. p. 385. 
J W. Macgillivray in Aud. B. Atn. iv. p. 197. 
28 TROCHILI. 

beyond which they become flattened, concave above, thin-edged and 

lacerated externally, thick-edged internally, and though lying 

parallel to one another and in contact can be separated. 

The trachea bifurcates very high up, there being a small globular 

swelling at the fork *. There are no sterno-trachiales muscles. 

The heart is very large, and the left carotid artery runs in a 

direct course. 

The intestinal canal is entirely covered by the liver. There are 

no caeca. 

Pterylography t.— A median naked space of a spindle-shaped 

outline on the crown, running longitudinally between the eyes and 

the base of the maxilla; median naked space of the neck continued 

nearly to the base of the mandible ; a large naked nape-space; the 

humeral tract passes over the head of the humerus, and the femoral 

tract is apparently absent; the spinal tract is very broad and 

i.ozenge-shaped, spreading over nearly the whole of the dorsal 

region; a short longitudinal naked strip occupies the middle of this 

tract. 

The number of rectrices is 10, of primaries 10, secondaries 6. 

The wings generally are very uniform in structure, but in some 

species the outer primary is filiform towards the tip, and in others 

narrow for the whole of its length. 

The tail is very diverse in form, and in some cases, as in Loddigesia, 
profoundly modified. 

The plumage generally, especially on the upper surface, has 
shining quasi-metallic tints, and special effects are produced, chiefly 
on the crown and throat, by glittering squamose feathers. 

The female builds a cup-shaped nest, of varied material, such as 
moss, &c, the exterior of which is frequently covered with spiders' 
web and ornamented with small bits of lichen. These are stuck on 
to the outside. The eggs are always two in number, rather elongate 
in form, and rounded nearly alike at each end; their colour is 
always white. 

The Trochili may be divided into three sections, as follows :— 

SECTION A.—Sheath of the maxilla serrate towards the | TrocMli 
anterior portion of the tomia; the sheath of the > senirostres, 
mandible sometimes similarly serrate J p. 29. 

SECTION B.—Sheath of the maxilla indistinctly and j i^^ff


nte-™®ailj

feebly serrate towards the end of the tomia f

 Tl:ochfli 

SECTION C.—Sheath of both maxilla and mandible ( ,
with a smooth tomia to the end f ^^fstres, 
1 p. 2o6. 

* Shufeldt, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xx, p. 38f>, pi. 23. 
t Id. ibid. p. 366. 
TROCHILI. 
29 

SECTION A. TROCHILI SERKIROSTRES. 
Sheath, of the maxilla serrate towards the anterior portion of the 
tomia; the sheath of the mandible sometimes similarly serrate. 
(For Sec. B, see p. 114; Sec. C, see p. 256.) 

Key 
to the Genera, 

a. 
Bill euneate, wide at the base, and gradually 
compressed towards the tip. 
a'. Tail cuneate ; nasal covers completely 
hiddenb'. Tail rounded ; nasal covers partly exposed.
c'. Tail square; nasal covers fully exposed..

b. 
Bill with the sides subparallel, drawn together 
rather abruptly towards the tip. 
d'. Tomia of both maxilla and mandible more 
or less distinctly serrate; under surface 
always plain, without glittering hues. 

a". 
Bill long and nearly straight. 

af'\ Tail long and rounded; bill slightly 
depressed, strongly hooked anddeeply serrate; sexes similar

b"\ Tail short and rounded; bill slightly 
upturned, strongly hooked and 
deeply serrate; sexes similar ... .

c"'. Tail very short and rounded; bill 
slender and slightly upturned; no 
terminal hook ; serration feeble ;
forehead of male glittering

b". Bill long and arched; tail rounded; 
sexes similar

e'. Tomia of mandible only distinctly serrate 
towards the distal end; under surface 
usually glittering. 

</'. Interramal space nude; culmen bare to 
the base; nasal covers fully exposed. 
d'". Tail normal, rounded or forked. 

a4. Bill nearly straight, short.
a5. Smaller; rectrices narrower ..
b5. Larger; rectrices wider

54. Bill longer, slightly decurved. 
c5. Sexes dissimilard5. Sexes similar; male with female 
plumageef". Tail abnormal; the subexternal pair 
of rectrices very longd", Interramal space feathered. 

/"'. Bill slender; tomia of maxilla rolled 
inwards near the tip; sexes dissimilar. 


c4. Tail more or less rounded. 
e\ Bill nearly straight; lateral rectrices 
white at the base. 
or6. Crown pure white ; feathers 
full, extending over the nasalcovers

66. Crown black; nasal covers partially 
exposed 
1. HELIOTHBIX, p. 30. 
2. SCHISTES, p. 33. 
3. AIJGASTES, p. 35. 
[p. 30. 
4. HHAMPHODON, 
5. ANDBODON, p. 37. 
[p. 38. 
6. HEMISTEPHANIA, 
7. GLATJCIS, p. 41. 
[p. 44. 
8. CHLOBOSTILBON, 
9. SPORADINUS, p. 57. 
10. IACHE, p. 59. 
11. PHJEOPTILA, p. 63. 
12. AITHUBUS, p. 64. 
[p. 60. 
13. MICBOCHEBA, 
[p. 67. 
14. CALLIPHABUS, 
30 
TEOCHILI. 

f'\ Bill nearly straight, stouter; tail j>.68. 
glittering green 15, PAXYCHLOEA, 
g5. Bill decurved; lateral rectrices 
white at the base. 
cG. Bill comparatively long and 
less curved " 16. EUPHKEUSA, p. 72, 
dG. Bill shorter and more curved. 17. ELYIRA, p. 74. 

^4. Tail forked (crown glittering blue, 
or green or greenish black; no 
white at the base of the lateral 
rectrices) 18. THALITEANIA, p. 70, 

g'". Bill stouter; tomia of mandible not 
rolled inwards towards the tip. 


£4. Oulmen feathered at the base; nasal 
covers partially exposed ; sexes 
dissimilar. 


h5. Under tail-coverts large and full; J>. 87. 
tail bronze or greenish bronze.. 19. EYPCBGPTILA, 
i3. Under tail-coverts normal ; lateral 
rectrices purple or reddish purple. 
ee. Bill moderately decurved 20. LAMPORNIS, p. 91. 
Z8. Bill upturned towards the base 22. AVOCETTULA, p. 101. 

fi. Culmen feathered at the base; nasal 
covers also feathered, except along 
their lower edges; sexes alike. 


j 5. Wings glittering metallic green; 
no auricular glittering tufts .. 23. EUXAMPIS, p. 102. 
h\ Wings normal, no glittering blue 
auricular tufts 21. PIXAEOLJEMA, p.101. 
I5. Wings normal, purplish black; [p. 105. 
glittering Hue auricular tufts.. 24. PBTASOPHOBA, 

#4. Culmen feathered a long way from 
the base; nasal covers completely j>. 113. 
hidden; sexes dissimilar 25. CHEYSQLAMPIS, 

1. HELIOTHBIX 
Type. 
Heliothrix, Boie} Iszs, 1831, p. 547 < ,. H. auritus. 
Range. Tropical America, from British Honduras and Guatemala 

to Southern Brazil. 

Key to the Sjpeties. 

a. 
Crown glittering green. 
a'. Throat white auritus, p. 30. 
b'. Throat glittering green auriculatus, p. 32. 
b. Crown glittering blue 
barroti, p. 32. 
1. Heliothrix auxitus. 
Trochilus auritus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 493; Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 311; 
Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. N. vii. p. 368; id. Em. Miik. p. 567 ; Less. 
Ind. Gin. Troch. p. xx; Cab. in Sekornb. Guiana, iii.p. 707. 

L'Oiseau-Mouche a oreilles, Aud, Ois. Dor. i. p. 67, pis. 25, 26. 

Ornismya aurita, Less. Hist. Nat Ok.-Mouches, x>V- xix. 63, pis. 
10,11. ^ 
Heliothrix auritus, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 547; Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 115; 

1. HELIOTHKIX. 
31 

Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 69; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. iv. pi. 213 (Oct. 1853); id. Intr. Troch.y. 121; id. P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 803; Reich. Aafz. d. Col. p. 13 ; Des Murs in Cast Voy. i. 

p. 38; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 28; Sol. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 305; Muh. 8? Verr. Class. Troch. p. 58; Gray, Hand-l, B. i. 
p. 103 ; Set. § Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, pp. 584, 979, 1868, p. 169, 
1873, p. 288; Peh. Orn. Bra*, p. 34; Whitely, P. Z. $. 1873, 
p. 189 ; Muh. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 237, iv. p. 207 ; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 214; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 174; Sah. Cat. Strickl Coll. p. 366; id. Ibis. 1885, p. 434: 
Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 319. 
Ormtmya nigrotis, Less. Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 97. 
Trochilus nigrotis, Less. Ind. Gin. Troch. p. xx. 
Reliothrix nigrotis, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 115; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 69; 

Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 34. 
Heliothrix longirostris, Gould, P. Z. S. 1862; p. 124; Gray, Band-l. 

B. i. p. 153. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, glittering on the 
crown and on the sides of the throat from the base of the mandible ; 
lores and ear-coverts jet-black, a post-auricular patch glittering 
bine; entire under surface and the two lateral rectrices on either 
side pure white; four median rectrices black; bill black. Total 
length about 4*5 inches, wing 2-4, central rectrices 1-9, lateral 1*25, 
bill 0-95. 
Adult female. Like the male, but the crown shining green like 
the back; no glittering green on the sides of the throat nor glittering 
blue post-auricular patch; throat and chest spotted with dusky : 
tail long (central rectrices 2*9, lateral 1*55); lateral rectrices with a 
transverse black bar near the base. 
Young males resemble the female, but have no dusky spots on the 
throat and no black transverse bar at the base of the lateral rectrices 
; the feathers of the crown are generally edged with rufous. 
Sab. South America, from the eastern side of the Andes to the 
mouth of the Amazon; Guiana and Venezuela. 

a. <3; L$ ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
c, d. tfad. sk. Botuno, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
6m g.ft 2&&. sk. Canelos, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
g. <$; h~j. $ ad. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
' sk! Gould Colls. 
k, I <$; m, n. $ Ecuador. Gould Coll. (Types 
ad. sk. of H. lonyirostris, Gould.) 
o~-q. <$; r,s. J Pebas, Amazons, Mar. & April Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. (Hauxwell). Gould Colls. 
t 
$ juv. sk. Guia, Upper R. Negro, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Wallace), 

u. <$ juv. sk. Para. 
Gould Coll. 
v. <$ ad. sk. Cayenne. 
Gould Coll. 
w. 6; #. 2 ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Aug. (PL. Whitely). 
?/, 5$, a1. d;b\ 2 Merume" Mts., B. Guiana, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. and July (PL. W.). 
c' 2 ad. sk. R. Atapurow, B. Guiana, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(J£. W.). 
d'. dad.sk. Venezuela? Salvin-Godman Coll 
e\ 9 ad. sk. Purchased, 

32 XSOCHILI. 

2. Heliothrix auriculatns. 
Trochilus auriculatus, Nordm. in Erman's Beise, p. 5, pi. 2. figs. 1,2. 
Trochilus auritus, Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 104 {nee Gm.). 
Heliothrix poucheti, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 69; Mills. $ Fen*. C'fass. 

Trock. p. 58. 

Heliothrix auriculatus, Gould, Mori. Trock. iv. pi. 214 (Oct. 18-53}; 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 121; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 13 ; Bp. Bei\ Zool 
1854, p. 251; Cab. 8p Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 28; Reiah. Viden^k. 
Medd. Nat For. Kjob. 1870, p. 108; Gray, Hand-l B. I. p. 153 ; 
Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 240, Iv. p. 208; id. Ami. >SV* 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 214; Elliot, Ibis, 187(5, p. 396 ; id. Syn. 
Troch p. 175. 

Heliothrix phamolgema, Gould, P.Z. S. 1855. p. 87 ; id. Mon. Truck. 

iv. pi. 215 (Aug. 1859) ; id. Intr. Troth! p. I'll; Cab. £ Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iii. p. 28. 
Heliothrix auritus, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 336. 
Heliothrix phainoleuea, Hartl. in Wiegm. Arch.f. Naturg. xxii. l2i 

p. 23; Muls. # Verr. ^a^ Troch. p. 58; Gray, Hand-l B. i. 
p. 153. 
Adult male. Like that of H. auritus, but with the chin and uppor 
portion of the throat glittering green like the head. 

H. phainolcema, Gould, has the throat covered with grct*n 
rather lower down towards the chest than usual in typical II. nvnculatus. 
The character is a variable one, some specimens* having a 
narrow white space extending nearly to the chin. 
Hab. South-eastern Brazil. 
a. c? ad. sk. Brazil (Rio make). Gould Coil 
b-9-6i V -$ S.E. Brazil. Salvin-G-odman & 
ad. sk. Gould Coils. 
j . $ ad. sk. " Napo." Gould Coll. (Type 
of H. phainot&ma, Gould. I 
h. $ juv. sk. [Brazil.] Gould Coll. 

3. Heliothrix barroti. 
Trochilus barroti, Bourc. Aim, Soc. <$Agr. Lyon, vi. p. 48; id. Beu. 
Zool. 1843, p. 72. 

Heliothrix barroti, Gray, Gen. B. L p. 115$ id. Rand-L BA. p. 153 ; 
Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 69; id. Bev. Zool. 1B54, p. 251; Gould, Mem. 
Troch. iv. pi. 217 (Oct. 1853); id. Intr. Troch. p. 121; id. P. Z. S 
]8707 p. 803; Beich. Aufz. d. Col p. 13; Cab. # Heine, Mm. 
Rein. iii. p. 28; Salv. Ibis, 18C0, pp. 272, 400. Ib72, p. 320; id 

P. £#.1867, p. 155, 1870, p. 2Q9; Scl. Cat Am. JB. p, 305; 
Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 291, ix. p. 125; Heine, J.f.O.n. 
1863, p. 182; Scl. $ Sah. P.Z. 8. 1864, p. 365, 1879, p. 529; 
Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 58; Elliot, Ibis, lfc76, p, 397 ; id. 
Syn. Troch. p. 175; Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouehes, ii. p. 242, 
pi. 52, iv. p. 209; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 214: Berl. & 
Tacz. P.Z. S. 1883, p. 567. 
Heliothrix purpureiceps, Goidd, P. Z. S. 1S55> p. 87; id. Mm. Track 

iv. pi. 216 (Aug:. J859); Scl P. Z. S. 1860, p. 296; Cab, # Heine 
Mus. Rein. iii. p. 28. ? 
Heliothrix violifrons, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 122. 

2. SCHISTES. 
3 3 
Similar to H. auritus, but with the crown glittering blue, like the 
post-auricular patches, Instead of glittering green. 
ITab. Central America, from British Honduras and Eastern 
Guatemala to Panama ; Northern Colombia, and Western Ecuador. 

a, b. J acl. sk. Belize, Brit. Honduras (F.
Blancaneaux). 
c-g. cJad.sk. Ban Felipe, W. District, Brit.
_ Honduras, Mar. (F. B.) 

h. 
d ad. sk. Cavo, W. District, Brit. Honduras, 
Feb. (F J?.). 
i. 
d ad. sk. Las Salinas, Vera Paz, Guatemala 
(0. Salvin). 
Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

/. d i h I ? ad. Choetuni, Guatemala, Feb. 1861 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (O. & 4-F. D. Q.). 

m. ($; n. J ad. Chontales, Nicaragua (T, Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
o><$; p. Jad.sk. Tucumqui, Costa Bic&(Arc€). Salvin-Godman Coil. 

q. $ad, sk.
r-t. dad. sk.
u, dad. sk.
v. d acl. sk.
w. d&d. sk.
x. J ad. sk.
y, z, a', dad,sk.
b'. d ad. sk.
d. 5 ad. sk.
d'. dad.; e',/1.
djuv.; </'. $
ad. sk. 

It', d j&v« sk.
i'tf. dad. sk.
k'-m'. dad.; n\

djuv.; o\ $ 
ad. sk. 
p{. 2 ad. sk.

 Costa Eica (Carmiol). 
Chiriqui (Arce). 
Bugaba, Chiriqui {Arce). 
Boquete de CMtra, Panama


(ArcS). 
Calovevora, Panama (Arce). 
Santa Fe, Panama (Arce). 
Yeragua. 
Veragua h (Warszewiez).

 Colombia ? 
Lion Hill, Panama (McLeannan). 


 Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Fraser). 
"Western Ecuador. 
Citado, Ecuador (Buckley).


 W. side of Pichineba, Ecuador,
6000 ft. (Jameson). 
2. SCHISTES, 
Schi&tes, Gould, Contr. Orn. 1851, p. 140

 Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Cull. 

 Gould Coll. (Type 

of H. violifrons.) 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

 Goidd Coll. 

Type. 

 S. albogulark 
Mr. Elliot gives S. geoffroyi as the type of this genus, but 
the name was first used by Gould, in 1851, when describing S. albo


gularis. 
Range. Andes, from Colombia to Bolivia. 
Key to the Species. 

a. Whole crown dark grass-green like the neck; 
lower back bronze; pectoral band divided in 
the middle
b. Anterior part of the crown glittering green like 
the throat; back grass-green; pectoral band 
white, entire
VOL. XVT.

 geoffroyi, p. 34. 
alhogularis, p. 34. 

D 

34 
TEOCHILI. 

1. ScMstes geofxroyi 
Trochilus geoftrovi, Bourc. # Mills. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Sat Lyon, vi. 
p. 37, pL 3 (1843); id. Rev. Zool 1843, p. 101. 
Polytrnus geohroyi, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108 £ id. Eand-l B. I. p. 127. 
Petasopliora ? geoffroyi, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. D. 
Colibri geoffroyi, Bp.' Cony). Av.l. p. 00. 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. loo ; id. Ann. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 521; 
Elliot, Si/n. Troch. p. 173: Btrl & Tacz. P. Z. S. 1854, p. 305, 
1885, p. 104; Bed. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 318. 

Petasopliora a. Scliistes geoffroyi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 

Petasopkorus geoffroyi, Ifuls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 48. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark grass-green, the lower back and 
rump bronzy, a long postocular white stripe, under it a black 
patch, followed by a patch of dark violet-blue glittering feathers ; 
throat dull glittering green, becoming duller on the breast, on 
either side of which is a white patch; rest of the under surface 
dull grass-green ; tail dark green, tipped narrowly with white, 
and the lateral rectrices crossed by a wide subterminal steel-blue 
band. Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 2*0-5, tail K l bill 0*7. 

Female ? Like the male, and also with glittering violet-blue 
feathers on the sides of the neck; but the chin and throat, together 
with the middle of the breast and abdomen, dull green. 

Buckley's Bolivian skins seem certainly referable to this species. 

Hab. Colombia, Bolivia. 

a,b. $ ad.; c. $ Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godraan k 
juv.; d-f. § " Gould ColL. 
ad. sk. 


y. J ad. sk. Colombia. 
Sclater Coll. 
h. 
<5ad.; i tf Bolivia {Buckley). Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 
j. S ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
2. ScMstes albogularis. 
Schistes albogularis, Gould, Co/dr. Orn. 1531, p. 140 ; id. Man. Troch. 
iv. pi. 220 (Oct. 1853) ; id. hdr. Troch. p. 123; 8cl. P. Z. S. 1800, 
p. 70; Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 27. 
Petasopliora a. Schistes albigularis, Reich. Aufz. d. CJ. p. 13. 
Schistes albigularis, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251. 
Schistes personatus, Gould, P. Z. S.18GQ, p. 311; id. Man. Truck iv. 
pi. 219; id. Intr. Troch. p. 122; Mtds. Mist Xat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. 

p. 153 * id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sxii. p. 221: Elliot Sim. Troch. 
p. 173. 
Petasopkorus personatus et albigularis, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. 
i. p. 49. 
Polytrnus personatus et albogularis, Gray, HandJ. B. i. p. 127. 
Adult male. Very similar to that of 8. geoffroyi, but with the anterior 
part of the crown, from a line drawn between the eyes to the base 

3 . ATJGASTES. 
of the bill, glittering green like the middle of the throat; the 
lateral cervical patches deeper violet-bltfc ; the white pectoral hand 
extends across the chest; the lower hack and central rectrices are 
dark grass-green, with only a slight bronzy tint. 

Female ? Whole crown dark grass-green like the back; middle of 
the throat white, joining the white pectoral band; violet lateral 
cervical patches like the male. 

Specimens before me show a transition between white-throated 
individuals (>Sr. alhor/idaris, Gould) and those with glittering green 
throats (8. jjersonatus, Gould), the former being the young males or 
the females of the latter. The name #. alhogtdaris has several years' 
priority over 8. personalis. 

Sab. Ecuador. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. West side of Pichineha, alt. Gould Ooll. (Type of 
C000 ft, Ecuador {Jameson). 8. albogiJ«m;Gould.) 
b. <$ ad.; c. § Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). Gould Ooll. 
ad. sk. 
d. S juv. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Goidd Coll. 
e. c?ad.;/. 
J Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. 
g, h. $ ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Ooll. (Types 
of S.personatus, Gould.) 
ifj, <$ ad.; k. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
' S juv.sk. Gould Colls. 
I <$ ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 

3. AUGASTES. 
Augastes, 
Gould, Man. Track, iv. sub pi. 221 (June TyPe1849); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 123 A. superb lUS. 
Ilhamphoniicron b. Lamprurus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. 

p. 12 (March 1854). 
Mange* South-eastern Brazil. 

Key to the 8pecie$. 

a. 
Tail glittering green; abdomen and lateral 
cervical patches dark blue superbus, p. So. 
b> 
Tail glittering golden bronze; abdomen golden 
green; no lateral cervical patches lumacJieUus, p. 36. 

1. Augastes superbus. 
Trochilus superbus, Vieill. Erie. Meth. p. 561; Less. Suppl. Ois.-

Mouches, p. 97 ;jd. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xlii. 

Trochilus scutatus, Natt. in Temm. PI. Col 299. f. 3. 

Ornismya nattereri, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxvii, 75, 

pi. 16. 

Hylocharis superba, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114; id. Sand-l. B. I. p. 151. 

Augastes scutatus, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 221 (June 1849); 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 123; Muls. §• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 70. 

Auo-astes superbus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 84; id. Rev. Zool, 1854, p. 253; 

Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13; Cab. # Seine, Mm. Hem. iii. p. 45; 

Sol. Cat. Am. B. p. 305; Seine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 196; Reinh 

B 2 

36 
TROCHILI, 

Videmk. Jfedd. Nat. For. Kjob. 1870, p. Ill; Feb. Orn. Bras. 

p. 33 ; Muk. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 149; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 221; Elliot, Syn. Trocli. p. 171. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; forehead and 

throat glittering green edged with black; lateral cervical patches 

and abdomen rich dark blue; pectoral band creamy white, partly 

divided by the pointed green throat; under tail-coverts whitish 

with greenish discs; tail glittering green. Total length about 

3*7 inches, wing 2*1, tail 1*3. 

Female. Like the male, but with the forehead shining green like 

the back, and with the lateral rectrices tipped with white. 

Young bird. Beneath fuscous, the white pectoral band showing 

first, then the glittering feathers of the under surface, and. lastly. 

in the male the glittering forehead. 

Hah. South-eastern Brazil. 

a-f. 
<$ ad.; g, h. <$ Brazil. Salviu-Grodinan. Gutiki 
juv.; i. 5 ad. sk. & Selater Coll-. 
/. c? ai. sk. S. America. Purchased. 

2. Augastes lumachellus. 
Ornismya luraackellus, Less. Rev. Zool. 1838, p. 315. 
Plylockaris Imnachellus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114; id. Iland-l. B. L 
p. 151. 
Trochilus lumachellus, JBoure. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. :J13. 
Augastes lumachellus, Gould, Mon. Track, iv. pi. 222 \ June liitti; 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 123; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 84; ///. Rev. Z^l 1*34, 

p. 253; Cab. fy Seine, Mus. Mein. iii. p. S); Scl. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 305 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouc/ies, iii. p. 147? pi. c3 ; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 221; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 170. 
Bhamphomieron d. Lamprurus lumachellus, Reich. Awfz. d. Od. 

p. 12; id. Troch. Emnn. p. 10, pi. 8'2Z.ff. 4829-31. 
Heliotrypka lumachella, Muls. <§• Verr. Clem, Troch. p. 69. 
Adult male. Shining grass-green * crown and sides of the throat 
black; forehead and throat glittering golden green, the lower edge 
shaded with blue, followed by a central point of glittering fiery red : 
pectoral band white; abdomen shining, and under tail-coverts 
golden green; tail rich golden bronze. Total length about 4*3 
inches, wing 2*4, tail 1*4, bill 0*85. 
Female. like the male on the under surface, but the bright 
colours duller; the forehead and crown gras&-green like the back. 
Hob. South-eastern Brazil, 

a-ff. <$ ad.; h. $ Brazil. Sdvin^odman, Gould, 
ad. sk. & Sclater Colls. 
i-k S ad.; I <$ juv.; [Brazil.] Gould (ML 

m. 5 ad. sk. 
n. <$ ad.; o, g juv. st. 
Purchased. 
4 BHAMPH0D0H. 

Type 

Khamphodon, Less. Hist. Nat. Col. p. 18 (1831) ... . R. nsevius. 

Grypus, 8pix, Av. Bras. i. p. 24 (nee Germ.) [[., It nsevius. 

Range. South-eastern Brazil* 

5 . ANDEODQI?, 
1. Ehamphodon uaBvius. 
TrocMlus nsevius, Dumont Diet. 8c. Nat. xxvii. p. 432: Temm, PZ, 

Col. 120. f. 3. 

Grypus ruficollis, Spiv, Av. Bras. i. p. 79, pi. 80, f. 3. 

Ekaniphodon maculatum, less. Hist. Nat. Col. p. 18, pi. 1. 

Grypus naevius, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 1 (May 1852); id. Inh\ 

Troch. p. 35j Burm.Syst, Ueb.il p.320; Teh. Orn. Bras. p. 27; 
Mids. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 13 ; Mills. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Monches, 

i. p. 33 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sxii. p. 199 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i, 
p. 123; JEudes-Desl, Ann. Mas. Caen, I. p. 75. 
Ehamphodon 
nsevius, Reich, Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; Cab. § Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iii. p. 3 ; Berl. J. f. Orn. 1873, p. 273; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 4. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark golden green, each feather 

fringed with fulvous and with a subapieal band of dark brown, 

which becomes wider on the crown, rendering it much darker than 

the back; eyebrow and a patch on either side of the throat fulvous, 

a 
postocular spot purple-black; middle of the throat black, each 

feather with a buff margin; chest and abdomen black, each feather 

with a whitish lateral margin, becoming broader and more buff on 

the belly; under tail-coverts buff, with a black discal patch; tail 

greenish purple-brown, the three lateral feathers on either side with 

a 
broad graduated fulvous end, on the outermost rectrix occu


pying the distal half; maxilla blackish, basal two-thirds of the 

mandible yellow. Total length G inches, wing 2*9, tail 2-15, 

bin 1-6. 

Female. Similar to the male, the maxilla less hooked at the tip 

and with the serrations not so distinct, the dark patch on the throat 

less defined. 

The dark patch on the throat varies in different individuals, in 
some becoming obsolete towards the chest. 


Hal. South-eastern Brazil. 

a-c. S ad.; d-k. Brazil (Eio make). Salvin-Godman & 
5 ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
i, J ad. sk. Eegistro do Sai, Brazil (Nat- Salvin-Godman Coll. 

terer). 
p $ ad. sk. Eio Claro, Brazil (Joyner). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
'h. J ad. sk. Santa F6, Minas Geraes Salvin-Godman Coll. 

{Rogers). 
I $ ad. sk. Purchased. 

5. AM3E0D0N. Type< 
Androdon, Gould, Ann. $ May. N. II. 18G8, xii. 

p, 247 
A. aequatorialis. 

Range. Colombia and Ecuador, 

38 
TRO CHILI. 

1. Androdou se<p.at0rialis. 
Androdon sequatorialis, Goidd, A?in. § Mag. K. H. 1863, xii. p. 247 ; 
id. Mon. Troch. Siqipl. pi. i. (Jan. 1881) ; Elliot, Syn. Troeli. p. 4 : 
Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 528; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen. i. 

p. 79. 
Polytmus sequatorialis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 124. 
Grypus aequatorialis, Muls. 'Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 32, pi. 1: 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 199. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green; nape dark 
blue, crown dark greenish bronze; a white band across the rump, 
above and below which are some dark blue feathers : wings purple-
black, the inner secondaries grey; under surface and sides of the 
neck dull greyish white, each feather with a dark lateral margin : 
central rectrices greenish grey tipped with dark green, remainder 
grey, with a broad subapical band of dark green, the tips white. 
Total length about 5*3 inches, wing 2*0, tail 1*0, bill 1*7. 

Female, Like the male, but without the blue nuchal patch; the 
maxilla is less hooked, and both maxilla arid mandible less strongly 
serrated. 

Hah. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. $ ad.; b. $ Ecuador. 
Gould Coll 
0}P<4> °f tne

ad. sk. -peeies.) 
c J ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coil. 

d. 2 ad.sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Sahiii-Godrmm Coll. 
e, $ ad. sk. Kemedios, Colombia (Salmon). tSalvin-Godiuan Coll. 
6. HBMISTBEHANIA. 
Type. 
Doryfera, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 95 (nee Illiger) II. "ludovicise. 
Borifera, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 08. 
Doryphora, Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 77. 
Helianthea a. Hemistephania, Reich. Aufx. cl Col. 

P-9 H. ludoviefcc. 
Hemistephania, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 81. 
Range. Tropical America, from Costa Rica to Bolivia, Venezuela, 

Guiana, and the Valley of the Upper Amazons. 

Key to the Sp>eeus, 

a. Forehead glittering bluish green or olive-green. 
a'. Forehead glittering olive-green ; under surface 
greyish green. 
a". Smaller luiomcim, p. 39. 
b". Larger rcctirostris, p. 39. 

b\ 
Forehead glittering bluish green; under surface 
blackish green veragueims, p. 40. 
I). Forehead glittering violet-blue Johanna, p. 40. 

6, irmnsrBPiivirrA. 

no 

1. Hemistephauia ludovicise. 
TrocMlus ludovicise, Bourc. $ Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon. 
x. p. 136 (1847) ; Gray, Hand~l. B. i. p. 140. 
Dorifera ludoviciae, Bp. Consp. i. p. GS; id. Mev. Zool. 1854, p. 251: 
Goidd, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 88 (Oct. 1853); id. Intr. Troch. p. 71; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 200, iii. p. 17; id. Ann. Sot. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217. 

Heliantliea 
a. Hernistephania liidovicicB, Reich, Aufz. Col. p. 9; 
id. Troch. Emm. p. 0, pi. 731. ff. 4073-74. 
Dorvphora ludoviciae, Cab. § Heine, litis. Hem. iii. p. 77; Scl. &Sate. 
P. Z. S. 1875, p. 235. 
Dorvpliera ludovicioe, Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 292: Muls, fy Verr. Class, 
Troch. p. 27. 
Hemistepliania ludovicise, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 81; Scl. fy Salv. 

P. Z. S. 1879, pp. 528, 627; Bert. J. f. 0)%. 1884, p. 310,1887, 
p. 322. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining green; nape and hind neck 
rich bronze; upper tail-coverts tinged with greyish blue; forehead, 
as far as a line between the eyes, glittering olive-green; under 
surface dusky grey tinged with bronze-green; tail purple-black, 
lateral rectrices broadly tipped with dusky: bill black. Total 
length about 4*8 inches, wing 2-4, tail 1*4, bill 1*5. 

Female. Similar to the male, but perhaps without a glittering 
forehead. 
Young birds are without the glittering forehead. 

Bolivian and Yenezuelan specimens agree with Colombian in 
dimensions, and are therefore placed under this species, 
Hal. Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Sierra Nevada Merida, Vene- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
zuela {Goering). 
b. <5 ad. sk. Santa Elena, Colombia {Sal* Salvin-Godman Coll, 
mo)i). 
c-h. 
<$ ad.; i-l. Colomba (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

m. <$ ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n-q. <$ ad. sk. Bolivia {Buckley). Gould Coll. 
2. Hemistepliania rectirostris. 
Doryfera 
rectirostris, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 71; id. Mon. Troch. 
Stippl (Jan. 1883) ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, I p. 202, iii. 

p. 17 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217 ; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. 
p. 284. 
Dorifera ludovicise, Scl. P. Z. S. 1860, p. 95. 
Trochilus rectirostris, Gray, Hand-l, B. i. p. 140, 
Hemistephania rectirostris, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 81; Tacz. § Berl, 
P. Z. S. 1885, p. 102. 
Doryphora rectirostris, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 35. 
Precisely like H ludovicice so far as the colour of the plumage 
is concerned, but with a bill of considerably larger dimensions 
(length 1*8 inches). 

Hah. Ecuador. 

40 
TROCHILT. 

a. J ad. sk. Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5, c. <$ ad. sk. Sarayaeu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
d. S 
ad-5 «. c? Ecuador (Buckley). Sahiu-Godmau & 
a(j|. sk. Gould Colls. 
/-£. 
tf ad.; 7. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
J ad. sk. (Type* of the specie*.} 

3. Heinistephania veraguensis. 
Dorifera veraguensis, Salv. P. Z. S.18(37, p. 154. 
Doryfera ludovicise ?, Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. is. p. 151. 
Doryfera veraguensis, Muls. Hkt Nat. Ois.-Moucftes, i. p. 199, m. 


p. 17; id. Ann. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii p. 517; Gould, Man. Track, 
Suppl. pi. 22 (Jan. 1883). 
Heinistephania veraguensis, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. s2. 


Similar to i7. ludovicia*, but the plumage generally considerably 
darker, the throat being nearly black. The forehead, too. is of a 
slightly bluer shade; the wings shorter (2*3 inches). 

Hah. Costa Rica and State of Panama. 

a. $ ad.; b, $ Irazu, CostaEica (Rogers). »Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
c.cJad.sk. Costa Tdcei(Endres). Gould Cull. 
d, e. 2 ftd. »sk. Ohiriqui, Panama (Arce). Hahip-GodmaTj Cull 
/. cS ad.sk. Cordillera de Tole, Panama Sah in-Godman Coll. 

(Arce). (Tv pe of the specie-, f 
tj. tf ad, sk. State of Panama (Arce), Gould Coll. 


4. Hemistepliania johainise. 
Trochilus johamiaa, Bourc. P. Z. S.1847, p. 45; id. Rev. Zool 1847, 
p. 257; Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 140. 
Trochilus (Doryfera) violifrons, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 95. 
Dorifera joliannae, Bp. Consp. i. p. 68; id. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 251. 
Doryfera johannse, Gould, Man. Troch. li. pi. 87 (Oct 1853); id. Intr. 
Troch. y. 71; MuU. 8? Verr. Clem. Troch. f. 27; 31vis. Mist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 190, hi. p. 17, iv. p. 215; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 217; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 285. 

Ilelianthea a. Hemistephania johannae, Reich. Aufz. Col. p. 9: id. 
Troch Enum. p. G, pi. 7S1. t 4075-70. 

Doryphora johanme, Cab. & Heine. Mas. Hem. iii. p. 78; 8cL Cat. 
Am. B. p. 292; Sd. 8? Salr, P. Z. S. 1307, p. 753, 1873, p. 287 : 
Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 34. 

Dorifera euphrosinse, Muk. fy Verr. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, ruii. 

p. 319 ; Gould, Mm. Troch Suppl. (Jan. 1883). 
Doryfera euphrosmas, Muk. $ Verr. Class. Trocli. p. 27; Muk. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, I. p. 198, pi. 17, iii. p. 17; id. Ami. 8oc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217. 

Trochilus euphrosine, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 140, 
Hemistephania Johannes, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 80; Salv. § Godm. 
Ibis, 1882, p. 80; Salv. Ibis, 1685, p. 433; Berl. J.f. Dm. 1887, 

p. 322. 
Hemistephania euphrosine, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 81. 
Doryphera euphrosine, Tacz. P. Z, 8. 1882, p. 35, 
7. G-LUFCIS. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronze-green, darker on the 

back of the neck and upper back, and almost black on the nape 

and posterior part of the crown; upper tail-coverts greyish blue ; 

forehead, as far as a line between the eyes, glittering dark riolet


bltie ; under surface black ; flanks tinged with green ; under tail-

coverts dark &teel-blue; tail dark steel-blue; lateral rectrices 

tipped with bronze : bill black. 
Total length about 4 inches, vting 

2*2, tail 1*2, bin 1-3. 

Ftmale. Paler and greener on the upper surface; the forehead 

glittering bluish green; under surface grey; abdomen and flanks 

washed with green ; lateral rectrices more broadly tipped with 

bronze. 

Yoitiifj birds of both sexes are destitute of the glittering forehead. 
In other respects they resemble the female. 

II. etfpJirosiarp has frequently been considered a distinct species, 
but I have no doubt that it was based upon the adult female 
of If. Johannes. 
Hah. Colombia, Ecuador, Upper Amazons Valley, and British 
Guiana. 

a-e. cJ ad.; /-/. Columbia (Bosrota make). Salvin-Godman & 
O ad. 4c/ "
"" Gould Colls. 
Jz-m. a ad.; //. Itotuno, Ecuador {Buckley). Gould Coll. 
5 ad. >k. 

o. £ ad.; p. § Upper Amazuns (JE. Bart kit). Gould Cull. 
ad. bk. 
q-t. 
d ad.; ti-w. Merume Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman & 
5 ad. dr. July & Sept. (H. IVliitehj), Sclater Colls. 

7. 
G-LAUGIS. 
Type. 
Glaueis, Boie. Isis, 1831, p. 545 G. hirsuta. 
Mange. Tropical America, from Costa Eica to Ecuador, the 
Amazons Valley, and South-eastern Brazil, Venezuela, Guiana, 
Trinidad, Tobago, and Grenada. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Tail chestnut, with a subterminal black bar and 
white tip .. hirsutusj p. 41. 
b. Tail reddish bronze tipped with white dohmi, p. 43. 
1. Glaueis hirsuta. 
Polytnius brasiliensis, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 070. 
Trochilus hirsutus, Gm. St/st KaL i. p. 400 ; Vieill K Diet d'JIisL 


N. Tii. p. 352; T&nm. JPl. Col 120. f. 2. 
Trochilus brasiliensis, Lath hid. Orn. p. 308; Wied, Beitr. iv. 
p. Ill; Cab. in Schomb. Guiana, iii p. 708. 
42 TEOCHILT. 

Brm blane femelle, Aud. § Vieill Ois. Dor. i. p. 40, pi. 20. 

Le Brin 1 
Oolibri a pleds vetus, Aud. # Yieill. Ois. Dor. i. pis. 22, 23. 

Le Oolibri: 
TrocMlus ferrugineus, Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 120. 
Trochilus dominions, Lichf. Vers. DovbL p. 10 (nee Linn.); Cab. in 


Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 708. 
Trochilus superciliosus, Less. Hist. Xat. Col p. 89. pi. 7 (2) (nee 
Li?in.). 
Trochilus rnazeppa, Less. Hist. Xat. Troch. p. 18, pi. 3: Jard. Aim. 
§ May. X. H. xx. p. 372. 
Glaucis hirsuta, Boie, Isis, 1831. p. 545: Buna. Syxt. I eb. ii. 

p. 321; Gould, Mon. Trock. i. pi. 5 (May 1658) : id. lair. Troch. 
p. 38: Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 4: Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 
vii. p. 319; id. Br. IT. 8. Xat. Mm. i. p. 271; Pelz. Orn. Bras. 
p. 27: Salv. <§- Elliot, Ibi*, 1673, p. 270; Scl § Salv. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 538; Elliot, Sya. Troch. p. b*; Muls. Hist. Xaf. Oh.-
Mouches, i. p. 39; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 199: Eudc*-
Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 79; Tacz. bra. Per. i. p. 201; &dc. 
Ibis, 1885, p. 431; Bert. J. f. 6m. 1SS7, p. 314; Cory, B. Wf-t 
Ind. p. 142 ; Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. X. II. ii. p. 257. 
Phaethornis hirsute, Jard. <§'• Seib. III. Ora. iii. pi. 143. 
Glaucis affinis, Lawr. Ana. Lye. X. Y. xi. p. 201; Gould, Mo>t. 
Troch. i. pi. 7 (Sept. 18(51); *iV7. Pair. Troch. p. 34; Scl cV Salr. 

P. Z. S. 1804, p. 303 ; Eude^Ded. Ann. Mux. Caen. i. p. 64. 
Glaucis nielanura, Goidd, P. Z. S.1800, p. 304; id. Man. Troch. L pi. !) 
(July 1861); «Y7. Infr. 2>oe& p. 39;' Eudes-Desl Ana. Mus. Caen, 

i. p. 86. 
Glaucis lanceolata, Gould, Mon. TrochA. pi. 8 (S* pt. 1801); id. I/dr. 
Troch. p. 39 ; Eudes-De*l. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 85. 
Glaucis rnazeppa, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 0 (Sept. lfcOl): id. Infr. 
Troch. p. 38; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 83. 
Polytnius hirsutus, Leot. Ois. Trin. p. 139 (I860). 
Glaucis seneus, Lawr. Proc. Ac. Phil 1607, p. 232; id. Ann. Lyc. 

X. Y. ix. p. 121; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Cam, i. p. 85. 
Polytmus hirsutus, rnazeppa, affinis, lanceolatus. melanura. seneu*. 
Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 120. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining green, considerably darker 
on the crown; upper tail-coverts edged with dirty white; under 
surface rufous-brown, darker on the throat, sides of the neck, and 
flanks; central reetrices shining green, remainder chestnut, tipped 
with white and with a wide subterminal black band; the edge of 
the outer web of the outermost reetrix also black; maxilla Mack ; 
mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 5 inches, 
wing 2*5, tail 1*5, bill 1-35. 
Female. Like the male, rather smaller: the bill slightly more 
curved; the under surface paler, more rufous, and with a maxillary 
stripe of pale rufous. 

Great variation exists in the colour of the plumage of this 
species, chiefly affecting the width of the subterminal black band of 
the lateral reetrices, this band being very wide in young birds, 
nearly evanescent in old ones ; moreover, the tips of the reetrices 
are much more pointed in young than in old birds. 

Hah. Costa Eica and Panama, southwards to South-eastern 
Brazil, Grenada, Trinidad, and Guiana. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. $ ad. sk
c. $; d. J ? eJ<
Juv. sk.
(/. Juv. sk.
ft. § ad. sk.
?*. <$ ad. sk.

j-m. 3 ad. sk.

n. Juv. sk.
o. $ (?) ad. sk.
p. 
S ad.; q. Jad. sk. 
r. 
$ ad.; s.
Juv. sk. 
t-v. $ 
ad. j iv, cc.
5 ad.; y. Juv. 
sk. 

z. Juv. sk.
a'. $ ad. sk.
b'j c\ J ad. sk.
d\ e\f\ $ ad.

sk.
{/', Ad. sk.
ti. $ juv. sk.

i'. Juv. sk.

f. 
<$ ad. sk.
k'-m'. (S ad.; n'p'. 
J ad. sk.
(f, r'. £ ad.; s', t'.


$ 
ad. sk. 

«'. Juv. sk.

v\ 
5 ad. sk.

to'. Juv. sk.

x\ 
y'. Ad. sk.

z\a. Jad.sk.

0. £ ad. sk.
y. <3 ad.; 6\ e.
$ ad. sk. 
f. 
d ad. sk.
7 . GLATJCIS. 
4 3 
Costa Rica (Entires), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Compared with type of G. csneus, Lawr.) 

 Lion Hill, Panama Railway

(0. Salvin). 
Li°n Hill, Panama Railway
(M'Zeannan). 

 Panama. 
Panama Railway (Arce).


 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

 Gould Coll. 

 Santa Elena, Colombia (T. IC Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salmon), 
Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
^Iedina; Colombia. Gould Coll. 
Caracas, Venezuela (A. Goer- Salvin-Godman Coll. 

ing). 
Roraima, Guiana (II. Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Cayenne make. Gould Coll. 

 Trinidad. 
Gould Coll. 

 Trinidad (Col J. Taylor). Gould Coll. 
Tobago I. * Gould Coll. 

 Grenada I., March (F. A. Salvin-Godman & 

Ober). Sclater Colls. 
Para. Gould Coll. 
(Types of G. lanceolata, Gould.) 

 Para, Sept. (E. L. Layam). 
Barra do Rio Negro (Natterer). 
Rio Javari, Amazons (Bates). 
Iquitos, Amazons (JET.

Wlritehj). 
Pebas, Amazons (J. Ilanxwell). 
Peruvian Amazons (Bartlett).

 Upper Ucayali, PeruvianAmazons (Bartlett). 
Santa Cruz, Peru, May 21,1868. 

 R. Napo, Ecuador. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

 Gould & SalvinGoclman 
Colls. 
Gould Coll. 

 Gould Coll. 

 E. Bartlett [0.]. 
Gould Coll. 
(Type of G. melanura, Gould.) 
Bahia (Wucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Bahia. Gould Coll. 
Rio, Brazil. Gould Coll. 
Rio, Brazil (Toads). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Eng. do Gama, Brazil, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
23,1826 (Natterer). 

2. 
Grlaucis donrni. 
Trochilus dohrni, Bonrc. Ann. Sc. Phtjs. et Nat. LIJQU, (2) vi. p. 139 

(1852). 
Rhamphodon chrysurus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15 (ajmd Midsant). 
Glaucis dohrni, Goidd, Hon. Troch. i. pi. 10 (May 1855); id. Mr, 

44 
TKOCHILI. 

Trook p. 39; Sab. § Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 276; Mak. Hist Sat 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 44; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 7; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen. I p. 88. 
Giypus spixi, Gould, R Z. 8. I860, p. 304; id. Man. Troch. i. pi. 2 

(July 1861) ; id. Intr. Troch p. 35; MuU. § Terr. Class. Troclh 

p. 13 ; Gray,Hand-l B. i. p. 123; Mais. Hist. Sat. Ois.-MovcJits. 
i. p. 36 j id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon^ xxii. p. 199. 
Polytmus clohrai, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 126. 
Adult male. Upper surface sliming bronze-green, darker and 
more blue on the head; upper tail-coverts edged with fulvous; wings 
purple-black, the outer web of the outermost feather edged with 
dirty white; eyebrow white; under surface cinnamon, darker on 
the throat; the under tail-coverts with darker centres; tail bronze-
green, each feather tipped with white; bill black, more than the 
proximal half of the mandible whitish; feet yellow; claws brown. 
Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2*7, tail 1*7, bill 1*35. 

Female. Similar to the male, but the under surface nearly 
uniform cinnamon; bill slightly more curved and the herratious 
obsolete. 

Bourcier's name was based upon a female example said to have 
come from Ecuador; but it is now practically certain that the 
species inhabits a limited district in Brazil. Gould's title, (Jry^us 
spixi, was given to a male. According to ITulsant, Keiehenbaelfs 
name, Bhamplwdon chrysurus^ also belongs here, but the statement 
of the Mexican origin of the specimen is doubtless wrong. 

Hab. Brazil. 
a. $ ad. sk. " Ecuador," ex Boiireier. Gould Coll. (Type 
b. cJ ad. sk [Brazil]
of the species.) * 
** 
Gould Coll. (type 
. of G. spixi, Gould.) 
c. $ ad. sk.
d. § ad. sk. 
Brazil (Bio make). 
Espirito Santo, Brazil (de 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gaud). 

8. 
CHLOROSTILBON 
Type. 
Chlorostilbon, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. sub pl. 355 
(May 1853) C. pucherani 
Chlorestes, Iteich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 (1854). 
Chlorolampis, Cah. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 47 

(I860) C. angustipennls. 
Prasitis, Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 49 . . C. prasimis. 
Chloauges, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 200 ........ C. auriceps. 
Chlorostilbon (Merion), Mids. Hist Sat Ois.-

Mouches, ii. p. 92 (1875) C. haeberlini. 
Chrysomirus, Muls. Ann. Soc, Linn. Lyonf xxii. 

p. 2 (1875) 
C. angpustipenni**. 
Range. Tropical America generally from Mexico to the 
Argentine Republic. 

8 . CHLOKOSTILBCW. 
45 

Key to the Species. 

a. Bill black at the tip, both maxilla and inaudibleflesh-
colour at the base. 
a'. Central rectrices steel-blue, more or less 
tipped with grey. 
a". Tail very deeply forked. 
a'". Lateral rectrices narrow auriceps, p. 45. 
b'". Lateral rectrices wider forjicatm, p. 46. 

b". Tail less deeply forked eaniveti, p. 46. 

b\ 
Central rectrices uniform steel-blue. 
c". Larger; abdomen usually more golden, splendidus, p. 41). 
d". Smaller; abdomen usually greener .. pucker ani, p. 50. 


b. Bill black, basal half of the mandible fleshcolour. 
c\ Under surface glittering golden green, 
not tinged with blue; crown moderately 
bright ; tail moderately forked.. angustipennis, p, 52. 


d'. 
Under surface glittering green, tinged 
with blue in certain lights; tail more 
deeply forked haeberlini, p. 53. 


e. Bill wholly or nearly black. 
e\ Tail forked, lateral rectrices rather 
narrow. 
e". Crown moderately bright melanorhynchus, p. 53. 

f. Crown very bright pumilm, p. 54. 
g". Crown dull like the back asshnilis, p. 54. 
/' . Tail shorter, less forked; lateral rectrices 
wider atala, p. 55. 
g'. Tail rounded or very slightly forked. 
h". Tail very slightly forked or rounded, 
steel-blue prasinus, p. 56. 
i". Tail rounded, purple-black peruanus, pi 57. 

1. CWorostilboa auriceps. 
Trochilus auriceps, Gould, Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 137. 
Sporadinus auriceps, JBp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 225. 
Chlorostilbon auricegs, Gould, Mon. Troeh. v. pi. 350 (May 1857); 


Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 361; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 160; Elliot, 
Ibis, 1875, p. 168; id. Syn. Troeh. p. 243 j Salv. $ Godm. Ibis, 
1889, p. 366. 

Chlorolampis auriceps, Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 48; Gould, 
Intr. Troeh. p. 174; Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 200; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouelies, ii. p. 79, iv. p. 198; id. Ann. Soc. Linn, Lyon, 

xxii. p. 209; JEudes-JDesl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 511. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, crown glittering 
golden green; entire under surface glittering green with a golden 
tinge• tail very long, steel-blue, all the rectrices except the outermost 
one on either side more or less tipped with grey; bill black 
at the tip, the mandible at the base and the maxilla for most of 
its length flesh-colour. Total length about 3*6 inches, wing 1-7, 
lateral rectrices 1*6, central 0*6, bill 0*6. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green, a postocular 

 TEOCHILI. 

spot and the whole under surface greyish white; ear-coverts 
dusky ; flanks washed with green ; central rectrices green ; lateral 
with the tip, the outer web for most of its length, and a bar beyond 
the middle greyish white; a subterminal bar and the inner web 
towards the base purple-black. 

Hah. Mexico, in the mountains of the "Western States of Jalisco, 
Colirna, and Guerrero. 

a-d. £ acl.; e. Mexico (Floresi). Gould Coll. 
$ acl. sk. (Types of the specie^. J 
/. <$ ad.; ,7. 2 Mexico (Floresi). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (Typical specimens.J 

h. 
S ad.; i. S Santiago, Terr, of Tepic, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juy.,-/, 7j. J Mexico, May (W. B. Rich. 
ad. sk. ardson). 
l-n. 
J acl. sk. Tepic, Mexico, May (W. B. Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Richardson). 

o. <$ ad. sk. San Bias, Tepic, Mexico, May Salun-Godinan Coll. 
( W. B. Richardson). 
2>,q. 
<3 ad. sk. Tonila, Jalisco, Mexico, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
( TV. Lloyd). 

r. 
S ad. sk. Ohiipancingo, Guerrero, Salvin-Gudman Coll. 
Mexico, Aug. (Mrs. 3. R. 
Smith), 
s. § ad. sk. Acaonizotla, Guerrero, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll 
(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 

2. CMorostilbon forficatns 
Chlorobtilbon 
forficatus, Ridgw. Br. U. S. Nat Mas. viii. p. 574 ; 
Sah. I&fc, 1889,p. 3G0. 
Chlorostilbon caniveti, Sale. Ibis, 1835, p. 191 (nee Less.). 

Adult male. Yery similar to that of 0. auricejos, but rather larger 
and with a longer bill* crown less bright, and lateral rectrices wider. 
Total length about 3*8 inches, wing 1*95, lateral rectrices 1*75, 
central 0*65, bill 0*7. 

Adult female. Like that of C. auricejjs, bat larger, less deeply 
forked tail, and wider rectrices. 
Hah. Islands off the coast of Yucatan, Cozumel, &c. 

a. (S ad. sk. 
Mugeres I., Yucatan, Dec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(G. F. Gaumer). 
b-f. 
S ad.; g-j- Cozumel I., April (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Gaumer). 

h. $ ad. sk. 
Cozumel I. (E. C. J. Levis). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
3. CMorostilbon caniveti. 
Ornismya caniveti, Less. SuppL Ois.-Mouches, p. 174, pis. 37, 38. 
Trochilus caniveti, Less. Ind. Gen. Track, p. xxii. 
Hylocharis caniveti, Gray, Gm. B.l. p. 114 
Thaumatias caniveti, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78. 
Chlorestes d. Eicordia caniveti, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8: id. Troch. 


Fnum. p. 4, pi. 703. ft 4581-3. 

8 . CHLOliOSTILBON. 
47 
Sporadinus caniveti, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 225 ; 8cl. P. X 8.1859, 

p. 367. 
Chlorolampis 
caniveti, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein, iii. p. 47; Gould, 
Intr. Troth, p. 174; Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 200; Boucard, 

P. Z. S. lb7S, p. 71 ; AMs. #*#. iVr^. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 81, 
iv. p. 198 j id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 209; Eudes-Desl 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 513. 
Chlorolampis salvini, Cab. $ Heine, MILS. Hein. iii. p. 48; Cab, 

J.f. Dm. 1803, p. 164; Gould, Intr. Trock p. 174; Heine, J.f 
Orn. 1863, p. 200; Later. Bull U.8. Nat Mus. no. 4, p. 128. 
Chlorotilbon osberti, Gould, P. Z. S. I860, p. 309 ; id. Mon. Trock v. 
pi. 354 (July 1861); 8ah\ Ibis, I860, pp. 195, 203, 271, 1860, 

p. 204; 8cl. Cat Am. B. p. 318; JEude^Besl Ann. litis. Caen, 
i. p. 515 ; Nutting, Pr. U. 8. Nat. Mus. vi. pp. 375, 394. 
Chlorostilbon caniveti, Gould, Mon. Trock. v. pi. 351 (May 1860) j 
8d. fy 8ah\ Ibis, 1859, p. 130; 8el. Cat Am. B. p. 318; Lawr. 
Bull. U.8. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 33; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 168; 
8ah. Cut. 8tricM. Coll. p. 370; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 451. 

Ciilorolampis 
o&berti, Goidd. Intr. Troch. p. 174; Heine, J. f. Orn. 
1863, p. 200. 
Chlorostilbon salvini, Frantz. J. f Orn. 1869, p. 317; Berl. Pr. 

U.8. Nat. Mus. xi. p. 564. 
Chlorostilbon osberti salvini, Nutting, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. v. 
p. 501. 
Adult mala. Entire upper surface shining golden-green, glittering 
on the crown; under surface glittering green; tail steel-blue, 
central rectrices more or less tipped with grey; bill black at the 
tip, the base of the maxilla and mandible for most of its length 
flesh-colour. Total length about 3*6 inches, wing 1-9, lateral 
rectrices 1*5, central 0*75, bill 0*75. 

Adult female. Like that of C. auriceps, but larger, with much 
less deeply forked tail. 

Eastern Mexican specimens, the true C. caniveti, have, as a 
rule, a more deeply forked tail than those from Guatemala 

(O. osberti), but I doubt the possibility of separating these two 
forms in every case. In the Guatemalan bird the central rectrices 
have the tip rather less grey, but this is eminently a variable 
character. Gould's type of G. osberti has hardly any of this colour 
on these feathers, but in others from the same locality it is very 
plainly shown. The green tips sometimes seen to these feathers I 
believe to be due to immaturity, or perhaps only observable in 
perfectly freshly moulted feathers. One Duenas specimen before 
me lias the left central rectrix tipped with green on the outer web, 
whilst the right-hand one is plain. 
Costa-Rican specimens (C. salvini) have a still less deeply forked 
tail, but the male specimens before me have the grey tips to the 
median rectrices, moreover the base of the maxilla is less red. I 
do not, however, think that this bird can be definitely separated 
from the more northern forms. 

Hob. Eastern Mexico, southwards through Central America to 
Costa Rica. 

a. 5 ad. sk. 
b. tf ad. sk. 
c. S ad. sk. 
e/, f. <$ ad. sk. 

/-*.cJ ad.;/ $ 

ad. sk. 

Jr. $ ad. sk. 

/. $ ad.sk. 

m. J ad. sk. 
n-p. $ ad.sk. 
q. $ ad. sk. 
r. 6 ad.; s. $ 
ad. sk. 
t 6 ad.sk. 


u. $ ad. sk. 
v. $ ad. sk. 
w-z. <$ ad. sk. 

a', $ ad.; b'. 
$ ad.sk. 
c'. (5 ad. sk. 

d'-f. s ad. sk. 

#'-;»'. $ ad. sk, 

w'. c? ad. sk. 
o',p'. S ad. et 
J juv. sk. 
ty'-s'. d1 S ad. sk. 

t'~y'.c$ ad.;s',a. 
<J juv.; j3-e. 
$ ad. sk. 

£. c? ad. sk. 

t?. c? ad. sk. 

B, t. J1 ad. et tf 
juv. sk. 
#. c?fccL sk. 

A, /i. 6" ad.; v. $ 
ad.; £ o juv. 
sk. 

TKOCKILI. 

Tampico, Mexico, March 

( W. B. Richardson), 
Misantla. Mexico, March. 
(F.D.'Gochmn) 

Hac. de los Atlixcos, Yera 
Cruz, Mexico, March (F. B. 
Godman). 

Vera Cruz, Feb. (F. B. God-
man). 
Cordova, Vera Cruz (Salle). 

Atovac, Vera Cruz, May 

(Mrs. H. 3. Smith). 

Coatepee, Vera Cruz, Oct. 

(31. Tntjillo). 
Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Maj QI. 
Trujillo). 
Jalapa (de Oca). 
Jalapa (de Oca), 
Plava Vicente, Vera Cruz, 

Dec. (M. Trujillo). 
Chimalapa, Teliuantepee, Feb. 

( W. B. Richardson). 
N. Yucatan (G. F. Gaumer \. 
Tabi, 
Yucatan, Feb. (F B. 
Godman). 

Holbox L, Coast of Yucatan 

(G. F. Gaumer). 
Orange Walk, Brit. Honduras 

(Gaumer). 
Belize, Brit. Honduras (JBlaa* 
caneaux). 

Euatan L, Bay of Honduras 

(G. F. Gaumer). 
Bonacca L, Bay of Honduras 

(G. F. Gaumer). 
Guatemala (Belattre). 
Guatemala (Skinner). 
Duerlas, Guatemala, Feb. (0. 

Salvia). 

Duerlas, Guatemala, Julv, Sept., 
Oct., Nov. (0. S. # F. B. G.) 

Volcan de Fuego. Guatemala. 
Sept. (0. 6'.). 
Coban, Guatemala, Nov. 

(O.S.). ^ 

San Geronimo, Guatemala 
Nov. (0. 8.). 
Lanquin, Guatemala, March 

(O.S.). 
Nicaragua ? (Belattre). 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Salvin-Godman, 
Gould, & Sekter 

Colls. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Gould Coll. 

Sulvin-Godman C< ill. 

Salvin-Gudnum C* ill. 

Salvin-Godiiiaii Coll. 
Salvin-Godman (f<>ll. 
SaHin-GodaJuu Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-G oilman Cull 
Salvin-Godman CJIL 


Salvin-Godman Cull. 

Gould Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

(Types of C. osberfi.) 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 

Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

8 . CHLOROSTTLBON. 49 
o. S ad.; 7T. cS Tucumqui, Costa Eica (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
JUT. sk. 
p, o". <$ ad.; r,v, Costa Eica (Endres). Gould Coll. 


2 ad. sk. 
^. ^ ad. skeleton. * Costa Eica. Gould Coll. 

4. CMorostilbon spleudidus. 
Pica flores mass hello, Azara, Apunt. ii. ]>. 487, no. 203. 
Trocliilus spleudidus, VieilL N. Bid. (VEist. N. vii. p. 361 ; id. Enc. 
Meth. p. 563. 
Pica flores cienicente ohsctiro debaxo, Azara, Apunt. ii. -p. 489, 
no. 294. * 
Trocliilus cinereus, VieilL N. Diet. dSist. K vii. p. 359 (nee p. 348). 
Trocliilus einereicollis, VieilL Enc. Meth. p. 502. 
Ornismva aureiventris, cTOrh. § Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 28 (1830). 
Trocliilus fiavifrons, Gould, Voy. Beagle] m. p. 110 (1841). 
Trocliilus phaeton, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1848, p. 274; Gray, Gen. B. iii. 
App.p.300. 
Ohlorestes phaethon, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. Trooh. Enum. p. 4. 
pi. 743. fr. 4734-5. 
Ohlorestes aureiventris, Reich. Trooh. Enum. p. 4, pi. 754.ff. 4729


30. 
Hylocharis aureiventris, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Hylocharis phaeton, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Hylocharis bicolor, Burm. Si/st. TJeb. ii. p. 348; id. J. f. Orn. I860, 
p. 245,1805, p. 229 ; id. La Plata Reise, ii. p. 448. 
Chlorolampis phaeton, Cab.ty Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 48. 
Chlorostiibon bicolor, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 46. 
Chlorostilhon phaeton, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 354 (July 1801) 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 175; Seine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 167; Burm 

J.f.O.n. 1800, p. 88. 
Chlorostiibon aureiventris, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 176 ; Heine, Xf. 
Orn. 1863, p. 197. 
Chlorostiibon spleudidus, Ellio+, Ibis, 1875, p. 165,1877, p. 136 ; id. 
Syn. Troch. p. 244; Bumford, Ibis, 1877, p. 184; Muls. Hist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 93, iv. p. 198; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 209; Scl. % Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 631 ,* Salv. Ibis, 1880, p. 360; 
Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, I p. 521; E. W. White, P. Z. S. 
1882, p. 616; Scl. $ Suds. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 9. 
Adult male. Entire upper surface golden grass-green, brighter on 
the crown; under surface glittering golden green, tinged with blue 
on the throat: tail steel-blue; bill, except at the tip, flesh-colour. 
Total length about 3*6 inches, wing 1*85; tail, lateral rectrices 1*2, 
central 0-85; bill 0-8. 

Adult female. Upper surface paler than that of the male, the 
crown usually duller; under surface and a postocular spot dusky 
white; tail steel-blue, the central rectrices green, the lateral tipped 
with white. 

C. spleudidus apparently varies considerably as to the colour of 
the upper surface, some specimens being of a more glittering hue, 
especially on the crown, than others. C. aureiventris is one of 
VOL. xvi. E 

50 
TEOCHILT. 

these bright birds; but I have not been able to arrange the series 

before me so as to show that the differences are in any way localized. 

Compared with 0. splendidits of the Argentine Republic, Eonrcier s 

specimen of G. aureiventris, from Bolivia, has a shorter bill and 

more golden tint on the abdomen; the crown, too. Is more golden. 

I am not sure that these colour-differences are normal, but rather 

due to stain of some kind. Q. phaeton belongs to the long-billed 

form. 

The Hendoza specimens are Intermediate between the two extremes 

as regards the length of their bills, and vary considerably amongst 

themselves both in the colour of the abdomen and In that of the 

crown. 

A larger series of specimens with authentic localities and dates 

of capture are necessary to determine satisfactorily the status of these 

forms. 

Count y. Berlepsch tells me that C. egregius, Heine, from Rio 

Grande do Sul, is intermediate between Q. sphndidus and 0, pitch


emni, and may be called with equal propriety a " subspecies " of 

cither. 

Hal. Bolivia, Paraguay, and the Argentine Republic. 

a. d ad. sk. Bolivia. 
Gould Coll. 
(Type of C. pJirrttoa, Boure. | 
b, c. d ad. sk. Bolivia (ex Bourcier). Gould Coll.' 
(I <5 ad. sk. Bolivia. Selater Cull. 
e, d ad. sk. Bolivia (Bridges). Gould Coll. 

/. 
d ad. sk. Bolivia {Buckley). Gould Coll. 

g. d 
ad.; h. $ ad. Misqui, Bolivia (Buckley), Sahiii-Godinan Coll. 
sk. 
i. <$ ad. sk. Salta, Argentine Rep., June. II. Dnrnforcl ~C.~. 
j~n. 
tfad.; o. $ Mendoza (Weisshaupt). Salvin-Godman and 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

p. 
d ad.; q. 2 ad. 3Iendoza (Reed). Gould Coil. 
sk. 
r. d 
ad.; s. $ ad. Mendoza. Gould Coll. 
sk. 
t. d 
acl.; u. J ad. Pampas Argentinas (Ley- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. bold), 
v. d ad. sk. La Plata. 
Gould Coll. 
w. d ad. sk. Rioja, Argentine Rep. Gould Coll. 
a\ d ad. sk. 3Ionte Video (Barwin). Gould Coll. 
y. 
d juv. sk. Punta Lara, Buenos Ayres, H. Dornfoid XV. 
July, 
as. d ad. sk. Brazil. Gould Coll. 
a', d ad. sk. Brazil. Selater Coll 

5. CKLorostilboE pncberani. 
TrocMlus pucherani, Bourc. Rev. Zool 1848, p. 271. 

Hyloeharis similis, Bp> Consp. Av. I p. 74. 

Chlorostilbon prasinus, Gould, Mon. Trod. v. pi. 855 GIav 2853) 


id. Intr. Track p. 176; Sol. Cat. Am. B. p. 318. 
Chlorestes pucheraui, Reich. Aitfz. d. Col. p. 7: id, Troch JBnum 

p. 4, pi. 755. f. 4736. 
" * 
8 . CHLOROSTILBON. 
Chlorestes nitidissima, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. Trock Einim. 

pi. 603.ff. 4538-9. 

Hylocharis pucherani, Bp. Rev. ZooL 18f54, p. 2oo. 

Hylocharis prasinus, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 350. 

Chlorostilbon nitidissimus Cab. & Heine, Mus. Hein, iii. p. 47; 

Reinh. Vidensh. Medd. For. Kjob. 1870, p. 114. 

Chlorostilbon igneus, Gould, Inir. Troch. p. 176; Heine, J. f. Orn, 

I860, p. 109. 

CMorostilbon egregius, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 107. 

CMorostilbon pucherani, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 108; Elliot, Ibis, 

1875, p. 101; id. Syn. Trocli. p.*244; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 200; Eiales-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 518; Sab. Cat. 
Stricld. Colly. 370; Berl Pr. U.S. Nat. Mm. xi. p. 504. 
CMorostilbon insularis, Laiur. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 457; id. Pr. 
Bost. Soc. N. H. xiv. p. 284; id. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. II. ii. p. 2d2; 
Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 199; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. 

p. 100. 
Hylocharis flavifrons, Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 33. 
CMorostilbon bicolor, Reinh. Vidensk Medd. For. Kjob. 1870, p. 113. 
Adult male. Tory similar to that of Q. sjplendidus, but smaller, 

and with the abdomen less decidedly tinged with a golden hue; 

upper surface, especially the crown, of a brighter, more glittering 

golden green. Total length about S'3 inches, wing 1*8; tail, lateral 

rectrices 1*05, central 0*8 : bill 0*65. 

Adult female. Similar to that of G. sjftendidas, but smaller, 

and with a shorter, less deeply forked tail. 

Q. igneus of Gould was based upon a specimen supposed to have 
come from Para. The type has rich reddish-golden plumage, unlike 
that of normal C. puclierani; but a second specimen from 
Bahia is somewhat intermediate, so that I doubt tho distinctness of 
C. ignem, and believe these specimens to be in abnormal, perhaps 
stained, plumage. O. insularis, Lawr., supposed to belong to the 
Tres Marias Islands, is now admitted to have been based upon a 
specimen of G. piwlierani wrongly located. 
Hob. South-eastern Brazil. 

a~f d ad.j g. $ Bahia. Gould Coll. 
ad.; h, i d juv. sk. 

j. d ad. sk. Bahia. E. Fielding, Esq. J ° [P.]. 
k. 
$ ad.; I d juv. Brazil (Rogers), Gould Coll. 
sk. 
7)i. d ad.; n. $ Santa F6, Minas Geraes Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. {Rogers), 

o. d ad. sk. Rio [Youds). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p-t. 
6 ad.; u. J Brazil (Rio make). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

v. d ad. sk. Brazil. 
Sclater Coll. 
w. d 
ad.sk« Chapada, Matto Grosso, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Brazil, June (H. H. Smith). 
X) y, d ad.; %. 2 [Brazil] Gould Coll. 
mv. sk. _ ..„„ 
a!, d ad. sk. Para ? Gould Coll. # 
(Type of C. igneus.) 
E2 

TEOCHILI. 

m 

6. CMorostilfoon augnstipeunis. 
Trocliilus angustipermis, Fraser, P. Z. S.1840, p. IS. 
Trocliilus gibsoni, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 17. 
Trocliilus clirysogaster, Bourc. Bev. Zool 1843, p. 101. 
Hylocliaris angustipennis, Gray, Gen, B. i. p. 114. 
Hylockaris ckrysogaster, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114; Bp. Consp. Av. i. 


p. 74. 
Chlorestes clirysogaster, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7 ; id. Troch. Bnum. 
p. 4, pi. 693.' &. 4540-1. 
Olilorostilbon 
ans:iistipennis, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 353 (May 
1861); id. Bitr. Troch. p. 175 (partim); Berl. J. f. Orn. 1884, 

p. 312,1887, p. 333. 
CMorolampis clirysogaster, Cab. § Seine, 3Ius. Hein. ill. p. 47. 
OMorolampis angustipennis, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 201. 
Olilorostilbon peruana, Seine, J. f. Orn. 1803, p. 201 {fide IL v. 
Berlep&ck). 

Olilorostilbon clirysogaster, Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 318: Gould, P. Z. S. 

1870, p. 803. 

OMorostilbon liaeberlini (nee Ittich,), Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 378; 

Elliot, Ibis, 1875, p. 160; id. Syn. 'Troch. p. 245 ; Muls. Hi< Xat 

Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 101, iy. p. 19U ? 

Chrysornirus angustipennis, Muls. Hist. Xat. Ok.~M<mches, ii. p. 102, 
pi. 35, iv. p. 109. 

Adult male. Upper surface nearly uniform golden green : under 
surface glittering golden green without any blue tint; tail steel-
blue ; bill black, the basal half of the mandible flesh-colour. Total 
length about 3*2 inches, mug l'&; tail, lateral rectrices 1*1, central 
0-65; bill 0-7. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining golden green, duller on the 

crown; under surface dirty white; 
ear-coverts blackish; central 

rectrices like the back, lateral greyish white, with a wide steel-blue 

subterminal band ; bill black, the mandible pale towards the base. 

, I have, through the kindness of the authoiities of the Derby Museum 
at Liverpool, had an opportunity of examining the type of this 
species, and find that it has the base of the mandible flesh-coloured. 
It follows that Mr. Elliot was wrong in his application of the name. 
Comparing the type of C. atiyustipeiiais with that of C. clirysogaster, 
which is in the Gould Collection, I find them absolutelyc alike, as 
Gould, in his monograph, stated they were. T. gibsoni, Eraser, the 
type of which is before me, is a female of G. angiisii^catus. 

Hah. Colombia, neighbourhood of Bogota. 

a-m. <$ ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 

n, o. S ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p, q. (S ad. sk, Colombia. Sclater Coll. 

r. 
<S ad. sk. Colombia (Bourekr). Gould ColL 
(Type of C. chrysogaster} Bourc.) 
s. 
cJ ad.; t. $ ad. Colombia (Bourcier). Gould Coll. 
sk. 
u. <$ ad. sk Popayan, Colombia. Gould Coll. 
v. <$ ad. sk. 
Colombia ? 
Gould ColL 

8. CHLOROSTTLBOST. 53 
w.
x.
z. 
$ ad. sk. 
<3 ad. j y. $ 
sk. 
tf ad. sk 
Magdalena Valley (JVarszewiez). 
ad. Bucaramanga, Colombia 
(Wyatt). 
Ocaua, Colombia (Wyatt). 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Salvin-Godman Ooll, 

a. (S ad.sk. Heradura, Colombia ( Wyatt). Sclater Coll, 
7. Chlorostilbon haeberlini. 
OHorestes kaeberlini, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. Troch. Enum. n. 4 
pi. 703. rX 4578-80. i ' 
CMorolampis liaeberlini, Cab. $ Heme, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 48 ; Heine 

J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 201. 
CMorolampis smaragdiua, Cab. § Seine. Mus. Hein. iii. p. 48; Heine. 
J.f Orn. 1863, p. 202? t > > 
Chlorostilbon liaeberlini, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 175• Mute. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 209 • Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 523. 
Chlorostilbon nitens, i«wr. ^w». Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 305; Gould, 
Intr. Troch. p. 179. 
Adult male. Very similar to that of O. cmgustipennis^ but with a 
brighter crown, and a slight shade of blue over under surface. 
Total length about 3*4 inches, wing 1*8; jtail, lateral rectrices 1-2, 
central 0-65 ; bill 0*75. 

"Very closely allied to G. angustipennis, but at present apparently 
distinguishable by the brighter crown, rather bluer tint of the 
under plumage, and more deeply forked tail. The specimen from 
Panama attributed to this species belongs, I have little doubt, to 
O* assimilis, though the basal half of the mandible is rather pale. 
It agrees with that species in every other respect rather than with 
the true C. liaeberlini. 

Hab. Colombia, Lower Magdalena Valley; Venezuela. 

a, b. <$ ad. sk. Santa Marta, Colombia. Gould Coll. 

c. <$ ad. sk. Venezuela (ex G, N. Lawrence). Gould Coll. 
(Typical of C. nitem.) 
d. <J ad. sk. ? 
Gould Coll. 
8. Chlorostilbon melanorhynclras. 
Chlorostilbon melanorhynchus, 
Gould, P Z. S. I860, p. 308; Bed. 
fy Tacz. P.Z.S. 1883, p. 568, 1884, p. 300; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. 

p. 415; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1884. p. 313. 
Chlorostilbon ehrysogaster, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 198 (nee Bourc.). 
Chlorostilbon angustipennis,Elliot, Ibis, 1875, p. 173 ; id. Syn.Troch. 
p. 254 (nee Eraser); Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 524. 
Chlorostilbon atala, 8cL P. Z. S. 1859, p. 145,1860, p. 94. 
Adult male. Upper sxxrface shining golden green, rather more 
glittering on the crown; entire under surface glittering golden 
green, with a very slight tinge of blue on the throat; tail steel-
blue ; bill wholly black. Total length about 3 inches, wing 2; 
tail, lateral rectrices 1-05, central 0*8; bill 0*75. 

 TEOCHILI. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green, duller on the 

crown, brighter on the rump ; a postocular spot and under surface 

dusky white, central rectrices green towards the base, lateral steel-

blue with white tips. 

Hah. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a-f. S ad.; g-j. $ Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
ad.; &. cTjuv.sk. 
l-o. <$ ad. sk. Loxa, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
p,q. 6 2 a(3-s^. Cuenca, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
r-t, $ ad.; u, v. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
§ ad. sk. (Types of -pecie*. 1 
w, x. <$ $ ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Salvin-Godmaii Coll. 
y, $ ad. sk. Perucho, Ecuador; March Gould Coll. 
{Fraser). 
z, a'. cT ad. sk. Sarayaeu, Ecuador (Buckley). Sabin-Godinan Coll. 
b'. 2 ad. sk. Santiago, Ecuador (Zch-Gould Cull. 
mann), 
c\ c? ad.; d'. $ Popayan, Colombia (Be-Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. laftre). 
e'. cT ad.;/. $ ad. Colombiah (Belatire). Gould Coll. 

sk. 

9. Chlorostilbon pumilus. 
Chlorostilbon pumilus, Gould, Ann. 4* May* -V. II. 1^72, ix. ]>. VX>. 
Chlorostilbon augustipeirrds, ScL ^* Salv. P. Z. S. 1<I\)9 p. ~/4l {m 
Fraser). 
Chlorostilbon comptus, BerL Ibis, 18S7, p. "29(1 

Adult male. Yery similar to that of Q* ttulatmrhyachw. but 

smaller, with rather 
brighter crown and shorter bill, &c. Total 

length about 3inches, wing 1*75; tail, lateral rectrices 1M»3, central 

0-S3; biE 0-65. 

Hah. Colombia, Cauca Valley; "Western Ecuador. 

a, b. <$ ad.; c. $ MedeUin, Colombia OSfr/ww/z). Sah in-Godman Coll. 

ad.; d. <$juv. 
[Compared with C. coniptus, Berl" 

sk. 
e-h, S ad.; i 2ad. Medellin, Colombia {Salmon). Gould Coll. 

sk. 
,/, &. 6 ad. sk. Popayan, Colombia. Gould Coll. 
7, m. tf ad.; n. $ Citado, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 

juv. sk. (Types of C. pumilm. Guiild i 
o, p. $ ad. sk. Pallatanga, Ecuador, Sept. Gould Coll.' 
(Fraser). 

q. S ad. sk. Pallatanga (Fraser). Selater Coll. 
r. S 
ad. sk. Puellaro, Ecuador, April Gould Coll. 
(Fraser). 
10. Chlorostilbon assimilis. 
assimilis,
,,issimilis Lawr. 
Lawr.Lawr. Ann. 
Ann.Ann. Lyc. 
Lye.Lye. N. Y. vii. n •*)•? ;v
Clilorostilbon K.
% ,, fould, Intr. Trock. p. 178.


p. 128 (f); <9o«M, J«P,.. Troch. p. 178. F' ' 
Chlorolampis assimilis, Heme, J. f. Orn. 18G3, p. 202 ; Sel & Rah 
P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365 ; *fefc. P. A S. 1807, p. 150, 1870, p 211 
8 . CHLOKOSTILBON, 
55 

Adult male. Similar to G. melanorhjnclms and G. piimilus, but 
with, shorter bill and with the crown dark shining green like the 
back, not glittering. Total length about 3 inches, wing 1 -9 ; tail, 

lateral rectriees 1*12, central 0*8 ; bill 0*0. 
Hah. Central America, State of Panama. 

a. <$ ad. sk. 
b. $ ad. sk. 
c. <$ ad. sk. 
d. g ad. sk. 
e-Ji. <$ ad. sk. 
i, j. $ ad. sk. 

h. dad.; I ? ad. 
sk. 
7n-o. c? ad.; p. § 
ad. sk. 
q-t. $ ad.; u. § 
ad. sk. 
v, to. c? ad. sk. 

Volcan de Cliiriqui (Arce). 
Chitra, Panama (ArcS). 
Castillo, Panama (Arce). 
Santa Fe, Panama (Arce). 
Santiago de Veraguas (Arce). 

Calovevora, Panama (Arce). 
Veraguas (Warszezviez). 

Paraiso Station, Panama 

(Hughes). 

Lion Hill, Panama 

(M'Leannan). 

"Paragua." 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Goclman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 

Gould Colls. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Gould Coll. 

Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
Salvin-Godman & 


Gould Colls. 
Gould CoU. 

11. Chlorostilbon atala. 
Trochilus atala, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxxix. 
Hylocharis atala, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114. 
Saucerottia atala, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77. 
Chlorestes (Saucerottia) atala, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. Troch. 


Enum. p/4, pi. 700. f. 4568. 

Chlorostilbon atala, Goidd, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 350 (Sept. 1860); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 177; E. O. Taylor, Ibis, 1868, p. 82 j Elliot, Ibis, 
1875, p. 159 j id. Syn. Troch. p. 246 • Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, 

i. p. 526. 
Chlorolampis atala, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 202. 
Chlorostilbon carribseus, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. x. p. 2. 
Chrysomirus atala, Mids. Hist. JVat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 105, iv, 
p." 199; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 210. 

Adult male. Very similar to that of O. pumilus or G. melanorhynchus, 
but smaller, with less deeply forked tail and rather wider 
lateral rectriees. Total length about 2*8 inches, wing 1*6; tail, 
lateral rectriees 1, central 0*75; bill 0*6. 

Hob. Venezuela, Trinidad, and Curaeoa. 

a, b. S ad.; c. $ Trinidad. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
d,e. <$ ad.; / . $ Venezuela (Dyson). Gould CoU. 
ad. sk. 

g. <5 ad. sk. Venezuela (Spence). Sclater Coll. 
\ 
*. 6 ad.; j. $ Caracas, Venezuela. E. Dyson [C.]. 
ad. sk. 

h. $ ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
I. <$ juv. sk. Curaeoa (G. K Lawrence). Gould Coll. 
[Typical of C. carribceus.~\ 
m. § ad. sk, Valencia, N. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Sinwns), 

56 
TBOCHTLI. 

12. CHorostilbon prasirms. 
All green Humming1 Bird,, Edic. Gleanings Kat. Hist. iii. p. 316, 
pi. 360. f. 1. 
L'Orvert, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 17. 
Ornismya prasina, Less. Hist Kat Ois.-MoucJies. pp. xxxr. 1&S, 

pi. 65. 
TrocHlus prasimis, Less. Inch Gen. Troch. p. xxxix. 
Ornismya mellisuga, cVOrh. § Zafr. Si/n. Ac. ii. p. 30. 
Hvlocharis prasina, Bp. Consp. Av. I p. 74; id. Bev. Zool 1854, p. 25-1 
Oklorestes prasina, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 7 : id. Troch. Envm. p. 4, 

pi. 691.ff. 4529-30, pi. 755. f. 4737. 
Helianthia 0. Ilelianthea phcehe, Reich Aufz.jl Col p. 9. 
Hylocliaris phcebe, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Hylocharis daphne, i?/?. Bev. Zool 1^54, p. 255. 
Prasitis prasina, Cab. fy Heine. Mm. Hein. iii. p. 49: Heine. J. f. 

Om. 1863, p. 203. 
Cklorostilhon prasimis, ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 31^: Elliot. Ibi\ 1^75. 

p. 163, 1877, p. 139; id. ti/n. Trodi. p. 246 ; Scl % 8tth\ P. Z. M 
1876, p. 17, 1879, p. 631: Eude*-De«l Ann. Mv«. Ow*, 1, p. 527 : 
Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 414; Saiv. Ihi\ 18-5. p. 430., 
Ohlorostilbon napensfc, Goukl hitr. Truck, p. 177; *V/. & >Sr/lt\ 

P. Z. S. 1867, p. 979, 1873, p. 2S9. 
CHorostilbon daphne, Goukl Intr. Troch p. 177:fi'rl.&* >V/r. P. #. >S. 
1866, p. 195. 
CHorostilbon brevicaudatus Gould, Intr. Tryeh. p. 17K: 7>// r. P. #. »S'. 
1874, p. 545,1882, p. 40. 
Chlorolampis daphne, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 201. 
Ohlorolampis napensis, Heine. J.f Orn. l&fj'A, p. 201. 
Chlorolampis brevicaudatus, Heine, J.f.O. it. lfcUO, p. 202. 
Agyrtria media, Pefo. Orrc. P;Y^* pp. 20, 57; Ell tot ^ Ihi$, 1^74, 

p. 263. 
Agyrtria meliphila, Pelz. Orn. Bras. pp. 29, 57 ; Elliot, Ih'*, 1874, 
p. 263. 
Chrysomirus prasimis, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-MovcJie^ ii. p. KK 
pi. 36, iv. p. 199; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon. xxii. p. 210. 
CHorostilbon subfureatus, Berl Ibis} 1887, p. 297. 


Adult male. Very similar to that of C. atala but with the tail 
scarcely if at all forked, the throat too sometimes has a faint tint 
of blue. 


"With typical specimens of O. daphne, C. napeit$i% C. hnvicaudaius, 
and C. suhfurcatits before me, I am unable to distinguish 
between them or to separate them from Cprasium of Cayenne. 


Hab. Guiana and the whole of the Amazon, up to the foot of the 
Andes of Ecuador and Peru. 


«-/• 3 Iff-2 ad.sk. Cayenne. Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 


(Types of C. brei-icaudaim.) 
h, % S ad. & juv. sk. Demerara. Gould C< »11. 
j, h <$; I $ ad. sk. Eorairna, Brit. Guiana, Nov. Salvin-Gudman Coll 

& Bee. (H. Whitely). (Typical of C. subfurcatm.) 

m. 
($;n. $ ad. sk. Pebas, Amazons, June k July Salvin-Oodman Coll. 
(Hauxioett), 
9. SPOEADIKtTS. 
0--t., c?;v. $ ad, .sk Pebas, Amazons. May, June, Gould Coll. 
& July (Hauxivell). 


V. 
6 ; w. § ad. sk. Nanta, Amazons, April. E. Bartlett [0.1 
®9 S ad. sk. Napo. Gould Ooll. 
(Types of C. napensis.)

-b\ c? ad. sk. 

Ecuador. 
Gould Coll. 

c', ad. sk. 

. 6 Pampas del Sacramento, Gould Ooll. 
Bolivia (Bonrcier). (Type of C. daphne.) 

13. CMorostilbon peraamis. (Plate IV. fig. 2.) 
TrocMlus phseopygos, Tsch. Faun. Per. p. 247 ? 
Metallura pkseopygos, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. S. 
CMorostilbon peruanus, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 179. 
Prasitis pkeeopyga, Heine, J.f. 0. 1863, p. 204. 
CMorostilbon stuebeli, Meyer, Zeitsch. ges. Orn. i. p. 200 (1884). 


Adult male. Similar to that of 0. prasinus, but the tail more 
distinctly rounded and of a purple-black, not steel-blue colour. 
Female unknown. 

United by Mr. Elliot with G. prasinus, but easily distinguishable 
by the colour of the tail. 

Hah. Peru and Bolivia. 

a. S ad. sk. Peru (Boarder). Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
b-d, $ ad. sk, Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 

9. SPOBADHTOS. 
Ohlore&tes d. Ricordia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 8 (Mar. Type. 

1854) S. ricordi. 
Sporadinus, Bp. Rev. ZooL 18.54, p. 255 S. ricordi. 
Sporadicus, Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hem. iii. p. 25 S. ricordi. 
Erasmia, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 191. 
Sporadinus (Marsyas), Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Moaehes, 


ii.-p.77 
S. maug^i. 

Range. Greater Antilles, Bahamas, and Florida. 

Key to the Bjpeeies. 

a. 
Under surface glittering grass-green. 
a'. Under tail-coverts white ..,, ricordi, p. 57. 
V. Under tail-coverts green 
maagcei, p. 58. 
b. Throat glittering green, middle of the abdomen 
black, flanks green elegans, p. 59. 
1. Sporadinus ricordi. 
TrocMlus ricordi, Gerv. Mag. ZooL 1835, pis. 41, 42; Bp. Conap. Av. 
i. p. 81. 
Ornismya pamidakii, Less. Rev. Zool, 1838; p. 315. 
58 TE0CHIX1. 

Orthorhynchus ricordi, d'Orh. in B. de la Sagra, Hist. Cuba, iii. p. 100, 

pi. 21. fig. 2(1839). 
Hylocharis ricordi, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114; id. Hand-l. i. p. 150. 
Chlorestes a. Hicordia ramondii, Heidi. Anfz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. 

Emim. p. 4, pi. 704.flf. 4584-0. 
Sporadinus ricordi, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255; Gould, Mori, Troch. 

v. pi. 348 (Sept. 18G0); id. Intr. Troch. p. 1-73; Elliot, Ibis,1872f 
p. 85G; id. Syn. Troch. p. 241; Mtds. Hist. Xai.Ois.-Mouches. ii. 
p. 74, iv. p. 107 ; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 209; Eudes-
Desl Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 502 ; Cory, B. West Ind. p. 15:1 
Sporadicus ricordi, Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 2o. 
Sporadinus bracei, Laicr. JY1 I". Ac. So. i. D. 50; Elliot* Syn. Troch. 

p. 240 ; Cory, B. Bahama Is. p. 113. 
CMorolampis ricordi, Muls. % Verr. Class. Troch. p. 40. 
Chlorestes ricordi, Gundl. Orn. Cub. pp. 108, 272, 
Adult -male. Upper surface uniform shining grass-green, longest 
upper tail-coTerts bronze; under surface glittering grass-green; 
under tail-coverts white* tail bronzy black : maxilla blackish; 
mandible except the tip flesh-colour. Total length about 4*2 
inches, wing 2 ; tail, lateral rectrices TO, central 0*9 ; bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Bather brighter on the upper surface than the 
male, under surface dusky. 
Hal. Cuba, some of the Bahama Islands, and part of Florida. 

a-e. $ ad. ;f-h. 5 Abaco I., Bahamas. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
i. S ad. sk. Cuba (Gundlaeh). Salvin-Godman Cull. 
j . 2 ad.sk. Cuba (CI Wright). Salvin-Godmtm Coll. 
'h. <$ ad.; /. $ ad. sk. San Cristobal, Cuba Salvin-Gudman Coll. 
(Gaioner). 
m. d ad.; n. 5 ad. sk.
o. (S ad. sk. 
Cuba (ex Bonnier), 
Cuba. 
Gould Coll. 
Purchased. 

2. Sporadinus maugsei. 
Trochilus maugseus, Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. p. 03, pis. 87, 38: id. X 
Diet aVHist. K jii. p. 368 • id. Enc. Meth. p. -307. 
Ornisrava maugaei, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouelies, pp. xiv, 194, 

pis. 68, 69. 
Trochilus niauggei, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxii. 
Thauniatias ourissa, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79. 
Coeligena a. Thalurania ourissa, Reich. Troch. Emim. p. 3, pi. 088. 

ff. 4519-21. 
Sporadinus maugseus, Bp. Bev. ZooL 1854, p. 255. 
Sporadinus maugsei, Gould, Mori. Troch. y. pL 349 (Sept. 1861); 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 173; Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 356; id. Syn. Troch. 

p. 242; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-M'ouches, ii. p. 77, iv. p. 198; id. 
Ami. Soe. Linn. Byon, xxii. p. 209; Gundl. J.f.O.n. 1878, p. 182 : 
Eudes-Besl Ann. Mm. Lyon, i. p. 503; Cory, B. West Ind. p. h">4, 
Chlorestes ^ertrudis, Gundl. J.f.O.n. 1874, p. 31-3. 
CMorolampis gertrudis, Cab. J.f.O.n. 1875, p. 223. 
CMorolampis maugseus, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch, p. 40; GzmdL 


An. Soe. Esp. Nat. Hist vii. p. 225. 

Adult male. Similar to that of S. ricoi*di, but with the crown 

10. IACHE. 
59 

glittering and the under tail-coverts green instead of white ( Me 
Gould, Hon. Troch.). 
Female. Under surface whitish; lateral rectrices tipped with 
white. 
Hab. Puerto Eico. 

3. Sporadinus elegans. 
Tr ochillis elegans, Vieill. Ois.Dor. i.p. 37, pi. 14; id. N. Diet, cVIIist 
N. vii. p. 351; id% Enc. MetJu p. 550; Less. Suppl. Ois.-Moitches, 
p. 99. 
Ornismya swainsoni, Less. Hist. Nat. OisrMouches, pp. xvii, 197, 
pi. 70. 
Trochilus swainsoni, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxiii, 
Hylocharis elegans, Gray, Gen. B. i. p, 114; id. Hand-l. B. I p. 150. 
Lanrpornis elegans, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 72. 
Chlorestes 8. Eicordia elegans, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. 

Enum. p. 4, pi. 704. f. 4587. 
Sporadinus elegans, Bp. JRev. Zool. 1854, p. 255; Gotdd, Man. Troch 

v. pi. 347 (May 1859) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 173; Elliot, Ibis, 1872, 
p. 356 ; id. JSyn. Troch. p. 241; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. 
p. 72, iv. p. 197; id. Ann. Soo. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 209; Eudes-
Desl, Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 500; Cory, B. Wed Ind. p. 152. 
Sporadicus elegans, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 25. 
Trochilus (Sporadinus) elegans, Bryant, Pr. Bott. Soc. N. H. xi. 

p. 95. 
Ohlorolampis elegans, Muls. £f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 40. 
Adult Quale. Upper surface shining grass-green tinged with 
bronze; throat glittering green ; flanks shining green ; whole of the 
centre of the abdomen black; under tail-coverts dark green; tail 
bronze-black; maxilla blackish ; mandible except the tip flesh-colour. 
Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2*8; tail, lateral rectrices 1*8, 
central 0*9; bin 0*75. 

Adult female. Under surface dusky grey, darker on the abdomen 
and under tail-coverts; lateral rectrices with grey bases and grey tips. 

Hal. San Domingo. 
a. g ad.; b. 9 ad. Samana, S. Domingo, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 27 (C. B. Cory), 
c-g. c?ad.; h,£ $ San Domingo. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
j . <$ ad.; k. J ad. sk. San Domingo. Purchased. 

10. IACHE. 
Type. 
Circe, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 338 (May 1857); Intr. 
Troch. p. 169 {nee Mert) I. latirostris. 
Iache, Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. 234 (vice Circe, Gould). 

Range. Mexico, highlands and west coast. 

60 
TBOCHUI. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Crown shining grass-green like the back,* under 
tail-coverts white. 
a'. Throat glittering green, more or less tinged 
with blue. 
a". Larger latirostrist p. 60. 
5". Smaller magica, p. 61. 

V, Throat glittering green, without blue shade .. laurenm) p. 61. 
1). Crown glittering blue or bluish green; under 
tail-coverts dark. 
c'. Crown glittering bluish green: under tail-
coverts brown doulkdayi. p. ("d. 
df. Crown glittering blue; under tail-coverts steel-
blue nitida. p. f>2, 

1. lache latirostris. 
Gynanthus latirostris. 8w. Phil. Mag. new ser. i. p. 441. 
Ornismya lessoni, Delattre, Rev. ZooL 1S39, p. 15. 
Amazilius latirostris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77: Iter, ZooL 16-J4? p. 2o4. 
Amazilia latirostris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10. 
Circe latirostris, Gould, Man, Troch. \. pi. 33^ I Mav lbo7); id. Intr. 


Troch. p. 109; Sol Cat. Am.R p. .'J17; id. P.Z.S. 18ON p. 287, 
1859, p. 307,1864,p. 177; Heine, J.f.Orn. lft>), p. 1%'; A. Uuyis, 
La Nat. i. p. 141; Villada, La Nat. ii. p. COO: Later. Mem. I>W. 
Soc. N. H. ii. p. 292 (partim): Mith. Ilht. Nat. Ois.-Mouche^ ii. 

p. 46, iv. p. 192; id. Ami. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 10^: Eude>-
JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen: i. p. 487. 
Hylocharis/3. Cyanophaia lazula, Reich. Avfz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Trorh. 
JEnum. p. 8, pi. 770. ff. 4783-4. 

Sapphironia circe, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854. p. 250. 

Hylocharis /3. Cyanophaia circe. Reich. Trorh. Emim.r*. 8. pi. 771. 

rL 4786-8. * 

Hylocharis doubledavi, Cab. fy Heine. Mus. Hein. iii. ]>. 44 (fide 

'Gould). 

Hylocharis latirostris, Mtils. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38; Gray, 

Hand-L i. p. 151. 
Iache latirostris, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 235 ; Scott, AvJc} iii. p. 481, 
Trochilus circe, Bourc. (Jide Gould). 
Trochilus schimperi, Saucer. IIS. {fide Gould). 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green with a shade of 
bronze, duller on the crown ; under surface dark bluish grass-green, 
centre of the throat more or less shaded with dark glittering blue ; 
under tail-coverts white; tail dark steel-blue, the middle rectrices 
tipped with dark grey; bill coral red. tipped with black. Total 
length about 3*8 inches, wing 2-2 ; tail, lateral rectrices 1*3, central 
0-95 ; bill 1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male on the upper surface ; under 
surface grey, paler on the abdomen and under tail-coverts; a long 
postocular white stripe; lateral rectrices tipped with white; tail lesks 
deeply forked. 

Considerable variation exists in the colouring of the throat 
in the male. A series of specimens, all shot in the middle of 
February in the Sierra of Bolatlos by Mr. Richardson, show every 
gradation from a deep blue throat to a nearly pure green one. 

10. I1CHB.
Hab. Mexico, nearly generally with a range in altitude extending 
from the sea-level to a height of 7000 or 8000 feet. 

a. $ ad. sk. Distr. of Moctezuma, Sonora, Salvin-Godman (Joll. 
Dec. (Com. Geogr. ExpL 
Mex.). 
. tf ad. sk. J\Turi, Sonora, April (W. Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
Lloyd), 


c. J ad. sk. Ysleta, Sonora, May (W. Salvin-Godman Coll 
Lloyd), 
el 
<$ ad. &k. Sierra de Victoria, Taniau- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lipas, April (W. B. Richardson), 


e. J ad. sk. Aguas Calientes, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
Aug. (W.B.R.). * 
/. d ad.; g. § ad, sk. Calvillo, Aguas Calientes, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Aug. (W.B. R.). 
h-m. S ad. j n~r. Bolanos, Jalisco, Feb. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ad. &juv. B.R.). 
s-u. 
S ad. sk. San Bias, Tepic, Mex., April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.R.). 

v. <$ ad. sk. Lake Chapala, Jalisco. Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.R.). 
w. c?ad.; x.% ad. Santa Ana, Jalisco, Feb. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. Lloyd), 
y. 
<S ad.; z. $ Patzcuaro, Mex., Jan. (F. D. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Godman). 
a'. 3 ad. sk. Hacienda Eslava, Valley of Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mexico, Jan. {Com. Geogr. 
Expl. Mex.). 


h'-e'. tf ad.; f-i'. Mexico (Floresi). Salvin-Godman & 
2 ad.; /. S Gould Colls. 
juv. sk. 


2. lache magica, 
Hylocharis magica, Muls. §• Verr, Class. Track, p. 38; iid. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xviii. p. 110 (1872), 
Circe magica, Muls. ttisL Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 49, pi. 33; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 209; Eudes-JDesL Aim. Mus. Caen, i. 

p. 489. 
Iache magica, Elliot, Syn, Troch. p. 235. 
Very similar to I. latirostris, but smaller, with shorter bill, wings, 
and tail. 
A doubtful species. The collection contains a specimen agreeing 
with the dimensions given by Mr. 
Elliot. 
Hab, "Western Mexico, Mazatlan. 


a. 
(S ad. sk. Mazatlan, Mexico (A. Forrer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. 
(S ad. sk. [Mexico.] Purchased. 
3. Iache lawrencii. 
Circe latirostris, Grayson, Br. Bost. Soc. N. H. xiv. p. 282 (1871) \ 
Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 292 (partim). 
Iache lawrencii, Berl Ibis, 1887, p. 292. 

62 TBOCBLILI. 

Similar to I. latirostris, but with the throat nearly glittering 
green with scarcely any tinge of blue; the upper surface is of a 
rather more coppery hue. 

This is another doubtful species, of which the Museum contains 
a pair from the Tres Marias Islands. Count von Berlepsch 
says that it occurs at Mazatlan, where I. latirostris and I. magica 
are also found. The green of the throat is purer than the 
greenest of the Bolaiios specimens, but that three such closely allied 
birds should all occur at Mazatlan is extremely doubtful. 

Hah. Tres Marias Islands and, according to v. Berlepseh, the 
opposite mainland at Mazatlan. 

a, $ ad. j %. § ad. sk, Tres Marias 14., Mexico, Salvin-Godmau Cull. 
Feb. (A. Forrer). 

4. lache doubledayi 
Trochilus doubledayi, Bourc. P. Z. & 1847, p. 46; id. lie v. Zuol. 

1847, p. 2o9. 

Hylocharis doubledayi, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114; Mills, ty Ttrr. Cla$*. 

Troch. p. 38. 

Thaumatias doubledayi, Bp. Gonsp. A v. I. p. 78. 

Hylocharis /?. Cyanophaia doubledayi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 r 

Sapphironia doubledayi, Bp. lieu. Zool. lv*4, p. 2->0, 

Circe doubledayi, Gould, Mon. Track, v. pi. 0*)U (Sept, l^f)0l; id. Infr. 

Troch. p. 10J; de Oca, La2?at. iii. p. #0:2, pi. — ; Mi/h. Ili^i. Xai. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 44; id. Ana. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203; 
Eudes~De4. Ann. Mas. Caen, i. p. 4^6. 

lache doubledayi, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 235. 
Trochilus lereboulleti, Saucer. MS. {jlde Gould). 


Adult male. Upper surface dark bronzy shining green, crown 
glittering bluish green; under surface glittering dark blue, greener 
on the abdomen; under tail-coverts brown: tail steel-blue, central 
rectrices tipped with grey ; biU coral-red tipped with Mack. Total 
length about 2-8 inches, wing 1*9 ; tail, lateral rectrices 1-1, central 
0*8; bill 0-8. 

Female unknown. 

Hah. South-western Mexico. 

a. <J ad. sk. Chinantla, Mexico (Dr. Saucerotte). Gould Coll. 
5. Zae&e niti&a. 
Circe doubledayi, Lawr. Ball U. 8. Kat. Mus. no. 4. p. S3. 
lache nitida, Salv. $ Godm. Ibis, 1889, p. 240. 


Adult male. Similar to that of I*, doubledayi, but with the whole 
throat and breast of a richer blue, and the crown glittering blue 
with less of a green tinge. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green; under surface 
dusky, with the sides of the breast and the flanks washed with 
green, a long postocular dusky spot; base of the lateral rectrices 

11 . PH-EOPTILA. 
63 

greenish, the apical portion steel-blue and the tips white; bill 
black, mandible except the tip fleshy. 

Specimens from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec agree with I, nit'ula 
rather than with I. donMedaiji, of which at present I have 
only seen the specimen figured by Gould. A larger series may 
prove that the two birds are inseparable. 

Hah. S.W. Mexico, between the Sierra Madre del Bur, Guerrero, 
and the Pacific Ocean ; Tehuantepec. 

a-c. t$ ad. sk. Venta del Pelegriuo, Guerrero, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. {Mrs. H. H. Smith). 

(7. 2ad.sk. Itincon, Guerrero, Oct. (Mrs. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
H.H. Smith). 
e. J ad. &k. Dos Arroyos. Guerrero, Oct. Salvin-Goclman Coll. 
(Mrs. II H. Smith). 
f. J ad. bk. Acapulco,Guerrero, Sept.(Mrs. Salvm-Godman Coll. 
H H. Smith). 
</, h. <$ ad. sk. Saliua Cruz, Tehuantepec, Feb. Salyin-Godman Coll. 


( W. R. Richardson), 
ij. <$ ad.; k. S Tehuantepec, Feb. (W.R. &,). Salyin-Godman Coll 
' 
juv.; I. $ ad. 
sk. 


11. 
PILEOPTILA. 
Type. 
Phoeoptila, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 340 (July 1861); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 109 , •. P. sordida, 
Doleromyia (Pheeoptilia), Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouclies, 

i. p. 207. 
Range. South-western Mexico. 
1. PhsBoptila sordida. 
CHanomyia Qf) sordida, Gould, Ann. fy Mag, N H. 1859. iy. p. 97 j 

"Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 386. 
Uranomitra sordida, Cab. § Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 41. 
Phseoptila sordida, Gould, Mon. Troch. y. pi. 340 (July 1861); id. 

Intr. Troch. p. 169; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 210 j Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 10; Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 482. 
Leucolia sordida, Muls. «§• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 35. 
Doleromyia sordida, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois,-Mouc7ies, i. p. 207; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 204. 
Phseoptila zonura, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 170; de Oca, La Nat. iii. 

p. 304. 
Hylocharis sordida, Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 152. 
Adult male. Upper surface dull shining green, darker on the 
crown, ear-coverts blackish ; under surface dark greyish brown, 
darker on the throat, paler on the under tail-coverts ; tail like the 
back but darker. Total length about 4*2 inches, wing 2*1; tail, 
central rectrices 1*2, lateral 1'5; bill 1. 

Female. Paler than the male on the under surface, outer rectrices 
greyish, the tips greyish white and with a sub terminal black band. 

P. zomira was based upon a specimen in the Loddiges Collection, 
64 
TKOCEILI. 

said to have been obtained at Bolanos in Central Mexico. It is 
most probably a female of P. sordida. 
Hab. South-western Mexico. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Sierra Madre del Sur, GuerSabin-
Godman Coll. 
rero; Mexico (Mrs. H. H. 
Smith). 
b-d. 
<$ ad.; e. J Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mex. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Aug-., Oct. (Mrs. H.H. S.). 
/ . ? ad. sk. Tepetlapa, Guerrero, Nov. Sabin-Godman Cull. 
(J/H ii. 5". S.). 
r/. $ ad. sk. Venta de Zopilote, Guerrero, Salrin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. (Mrs. H. H. 8.). 

h. 
2 ad. sk. Omilteme, Guerrero, A us:. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. H. H. S.). 
I S 
ad.; /, h. Oaxaca, Mexico, March (M. Salvin-fn idnian Coll. 
? ad.sk. Triijilh). 

I. $ ad. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (Salle). Gould Coll. 
(Type of the specie-.) 
m, n. S ad. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (Fenochio). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

o. 
<$ ad. sk. Mexico (Salle). »Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p-r. 
cS ad.; *,t. Mexico {Salle). Gould Cull. 
2 ad. sk. 

u. cf ad. sk. Mexico ? (Salle ?). Purchased. 
v,«?. J ad. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (Salle). Purchased. 
12. AITHFBXTS. 
Type. 
Trochilus, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 14 (1840) (ner Linn.). . A. pohtmu^. 
Polytmus, Reich. Ai\ Syst. Nat. pi. 30 (1840) (,w 

Brisson) A. p< dytnius. 
Aithurus, Cab. § Heine, Mus. lleia. iii. p. -50 A. polytnm^ 

Range. Jamaica. 

1. Aithurus polytmus. 
Mellisuga avis maxima, Shane, Jam. ii. p. 309f pi. 204. f. 4 
Long-tailed Humming Bird, Albin Av. iii. pi. 40. 
Long-tailed Black-cap Humming Bird, JEdiv. i. pi. 34. 
Polytmus viridans, Brown} Ja7n. p. 4To; Jteick. Avfz. d. Col. p. 11 ; 


id. Troch.Fnum. p. 0, pi. 799. ff. 4Sos-G0. 
? Mellisuga jamaicensis cauda bifurca, Bri&s. Orn. iii. pp. 7"2B7 732, 

pi. So. i. 6 (=Troch. forficatu*, a pad Linn.). 
Mellisuga jamaicensis atricapilla, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 729. 
Oiseaux ^louche a longue queue noire, Bitff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. 

p. 39. 
Trochilus polytmus, Linn. Sijsi. Nat i. 13. 189; Ghn. St/st Nat i. 
p. 486; Vteill N. Bid. aVWst N. \ii. p. 355; id. Enc. Mefh 
p. 554; Gosse, B. Jam. p. 97: Gould. Mm. Troch ii. pi. 98 
(June 1849). 
Black-capped Humming-Bird, Lath. St/n. i. 2, p. 748. 
La Colibri a tete noire, Aud. Ois. Dor. 1. p. 146, pi. 07. 
Trochilus cephalatra, Less. Ind. Gen. Track, p. xvi. 
Ornismya cephalatra, Less. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouekes. pp. xviiL 78. 

pi. 17. 

12 . AITHTJKUS. 
C5 
Trockilus niaria, Gosse, Ann. $• May. N. H. 1849, iii. p. 258; id. III 
B.Jam.yl.2'l 
Polytnius cephalatra, Bp. Consp. Ax>, i. p. 72; id. Red. Zool. 1854 

p. 354; Sol. F. Z. S. 1861, p. 79; Muls. # Terr. Class. Trock 
p. 36. 
Aitliurus polytmus, 
Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 50; Scl, Cat. 
Am. B. p. 293; Gould, Intr. Trock. p. 75 j Gray, HantU. B. i. 

p. 134 j Elliotj Ibis, 1872, p. 353 ; id. Syn. Troch. p. 9o; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 335, pi. 29, iv. p. 185; id. Ann. Soc. Linn, 
Lyon, xxii. p. 207 ; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 296; Salv. 
Cat Strickl Coll p. 362; Cory, B. West Lid. p. 147. 
Aitliurus forficatus, Heine, J.f. 0. 1863, p. 205. 
Aitliurus fuliginosus, Hill (apud Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 134). 


Adult male, Upper surface shining grass-green• crown, elongated 
crest, and sides of the head as far as a line below the eyes black; 
under surface glittering grass-green ; under tail- coverts blue-black ; 
wing-coverts like the back; tail blue-black, the central rcctrices 
washed with green: bill flesh-colour, tip dark; feet dark hazel. 
Total length about 10 inches, wing 2*6 ; tail—pair of rectrices next 
the outermost 7*2, outermost pair 1*7, central pair 1*2 ; bill 0*95. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green; crown brown, 
each feather with a green discal spot; under surface white, each 
feather of the sides of the neck and flanks with a shining green 
discal spot; under tail-coverfcs white; tail blue-black, the two 
lateral feathers on either side tipped with white, the central pair 
washed with green. 

Young male. Upper surface, including the head, shining grass-
green ; under surface dull green, throat and belly sooty black ; tail 
blue-black, the central rectrices washed, with green, the rest tipped 
with the same colour; maxilla of the bill hazel, mandible fleshcolour 
; the pair of rectrices next the outermost hardly exceed the 
outer pair in length. As the young males advance to maturity the 
adult plumage first appears in the glittering green feathers of the 
throat, the lateral rectrices lose their green tips, and the pair next 
the outermost gradually elongate; the maxilla too becomes paler, 
and gradually assumes the flesh-colour of the adult. 

Hob, Jamaica. 

a. 3 
ad. ,* b. $ Jamaica. H. Bryant [P.] 
ad. sk. 
Salvin-Godman &

c, d. cS ad.; *7 Jamaica (H. Bryant). 

Sclater Colls. 

/. J ad. sk 
//. $ ad. sk. Jamaica (Osburn). 

Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

\ i, (S ad. • j' Moneague, Jamaica, Aug. 
$ ad. sk. (O. S. $ F. D. 0?.). 

Salvin-Godman &

k. $ ad.; I, m, Jamaica. 
Gould Colls. 

n. 6 juv.; 0. 
2 ad. sk. 
Capt. Hamilton [P.J. 

p, q. S ad,; r;s. Jamaica. 
$ ad. sk. 

Gould & Sclater 

t, u, v, S ad.; w. Jamaica (J. Hill). 

Colls. 

£ juv. sk. 

66 
TROCHILI. 

oc. J ad. sk. Jamaica (J. Elll). Salvin-Godman Coll 
[Faded specimen, probably A. fidiginosus, Hill: see Gray, Hand-1. 1. 

p. 134.] 
y. J ad. sk. [Jamaica.] 
13. MICE0CHEBA. T 
Microchera, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 116 (Sept. 
1858) ; Intr. Troch. p. 82 M. albocoronata. 

Range. Nicaragua, Costa Pdca, and the State of Panama. 

Key to the Species, 

a. General plumuge dark with reddish coppery reflections 
; terminal band of the lateral rectrices 
narrow and sharply defined albocoronata, p. IK I 
b. General plumage lighter and more purple ; terminal 
band of the lateral rectrices wider and 
less definite . para'rosfri*, p. 07. 
1. Mcrochera albocoronata, 
MelHsuga albocoronata, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vi. p. 137, pi. 4. 

Microchera albocoronata, Gould,Mon, Troch. ii.pl.l lti (Sept. Ib5^j; id 
Intr. Troch. p. 82 ; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 122 ; &z/». P. Z. S. 
18G7, p. 15-4, 1870, p. 207; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 1&£: v. Frmitz. J. 

f. Orn. 1869, p. 815; Mills. Hist. Xaf. Ok.-MoitcJiex, ill. p. 134, 
pi. 81; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 221; Elliot, Sun, Truck. 
p. 104. 
Chrysolampis 
albocoronata, Mids. § Terr. Class. Troch. p. 57 
(1865). 

Adult male. Upper surface nearly black viewed from in front, 

rich dark shining coppery red when viewed from behind; whole 

crown pure silky white * under surface like the upper, the throat 

washed with dark green; under tail-coverts white; tail with 

central rectrices dark bronze, the rest white for two-thirds of their 

length from the base, the remaining third blue-black with a narrow 

white terminal edge; bill black. Total length about 2*7 inches, 

wing 1*5, tail 0*75. 

Adidt female. Upper surface shining grass-green, more golden on 

the rump and central rectrices ; under surface pure white; rest of 

the tail white, with a sub terminal blue-black hand. 

Young male like the female; dark plumage of the adult showing 

first on the throat and middle of the abdomen, the white crown 

being assumed at the last. 

Eab. State of Panama, mountains of the western portion. 

a-f. $ ad.; g, h. Santiago de Yeraguas, Panama Salvin-Godman k 
<$ juv. sk. (Arce). Gould Colls. 


14 . CALLIPnARUS. 67 
hj6 
ad.; k. Sjuv. ; /. $ ad.
sk. 
Cordillera del Chucu, Panama 
(Arce). 
Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls, 
m.^ ad.; n. 3 Veraguas (Arce). Gould Coll. 
JUT. ; o. J ad. 

2. Mcrocliera parvirostris. 
Panychlora parvirostris, Laiur. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1865, p. 39. 
Microehera parvirostris, Salv. P. Z. 6\ 1867, p. 154; id. Ibis, 1872, 

p. 319; Laiur. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 122; Gray, Ilanchl B. i. 
p. 134; v. Frantz. J.f.O.n. 1809, p. 315; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-
Mouches, iii. p. 136 ; 'id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 221; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 104; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878. p. GO; Gould, Suppl. 
Trod. pi. 30 (Aug. 1880). 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of 21. albocoronata, but the 
plumage generally of a much brighter, more lustrous hue, the 
terminal dark band of the lateral rectrices is wider and less clearly 
defined from the white base. 

Adult female. Differs from that sex of M. albocoronata in having 
much less white at the base of the lateral rectrices, the subtermiual 
band being wider and its edges less definite. 

llab. Nicaragua and Costa Eica. 

a-f* 6 ad.; g. Ckontales, Nicaragua (T. Belt). Salvin-Godman, 
§ ad. sk. w Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 

h. <$ ad. sk. Tucurriqui, Costa Rica (Arce). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i,j. 
$ ad. sk, Valza, Costa Eica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

k. 
$ ad.; I, m. Costa Eica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman & 
(S juv.; n. Gould Colls. 
? ad. sk. 
Type. 
Eupherusa (Clotho), Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 205 (1875); id. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 
i. 
p. 169 (1875) {nee Fauj.; nee Walk.; nee 
Gray!) ' C. nigriventris. 
Callipharus, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 211 (1879) C. nigriventris. 

Range. Costa Eica and the State of Panama. 

1. Callipliarus uigriYeutris. 
Eupherusa nigriventris, Laior. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1867, p. 232 ; id. Ann. 
Lye. N. Y. "ix. p. 127; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 210; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, I p; 270, pi. 23, iv. p. 179. 

Eupherusa (Clotho) nigriventris, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 205. 
Callipharus nigriventris, Elliot, Syn. Trcch. p. 211; Eudes-Besl 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 330; Sharpe in Gould's Suppl Troch. pi. 54 
(March 1887). 

F2 

68 
TROCHILI. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, longest upper 

tail-coverts and four median rectrices deeper bronze; crown and 

entire under surface black, under tail-coverts and three lateral 

rectrices on either side pure white; wings purple-black, the inner 

primaries and secondaries chestnut towards the base; bill black. 

Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 1-9, tail (rounded) 1*15, bill 0-65. 

Adult female. Entire upper surface including the crown shining 

grass-green, sides of the head dusky ; under surface dusky white; 

crissum and lateral rectrices, as in the male, white. 

Young male. Greenish black beneath ; the pure black feathers of 

the adult commencing on the middle and gradually spreading over 

the under surface and then over the crown. 

Hah. Costa Bica and Panama. 

a, b. S ad.; c, Costa Rica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman & 

d. $ ad. sk. 
Gould Colls. 
e. S ad. sk. Costa Rica (Endres). Gould Coll. 
/. 
<$ ad.; g. S Cordillera del Chucu, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.; h. $ ad. {Arcs). 
sk. 

2 ad gk-

I- Calobre, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j, k. <$ ad. j /. 3 Veragua (Arce). Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 

15. PANYCHLOEA. Type> 
Panychlora, Cab. $ Heifie, Mus. Hein. Ill- p. 49 (1800) P. alicise. 
Range. Colombia and Venezuela. 
This genus is closely related to Glilorosiilhon. and is sometimes 
united with it; but the interramal space is more feathered and the 
tail has the peculiar shining colour, characters which serve to separate 
Panyclilora from Clilorostilbon. Some of the species, such as P. inexpectata, 
P. euchloris^ and P. jjoortmani, are very closely allied, and 
may prove to be undennable. The uncertainty of the exact origin of 
the specimens before me renders it expedient to leave their position 
at present in some doubt. 

Key to the Specks. 

a. Lateral rectrices normal. 
a'. Tail shining green. 
a". Base of the mandible pale inexpectata, p. 69. 
b". Mandible wholly black. 

a'". Larger; tail "lighter shining green. 

a. Crown and under surface glittering 
green poortmani, p. 89. 
54. Crown and under surface glittering 
golden green eucMork, p. 70. 
b'". Smaller; tail darker green. 
c4. Tail rather lighter, nearly even ,. aliekey p. 70. 

<24. Tail darker, slightly forked ..... . mican^ p. 71. 
b'. Tail rich coppery bronze . rtmata, p. 71. 
b. Lateral rectrices very narrow 
stenura, p. 71. 
15 . PANYCHLOEA. 
6 9 
1. PauycMora inexpectata. 
Panychlora inexpectata, Berl. Orn. Centralhl 1879, p. 63; id. J. f. 
On*. 1879, p. 209, 1887, p. 334. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining dark golden green, crown 
and under surface glittering golden green, under tail-coverts less 
brilliant, tail dark shining olive-green : bill black, basal third of the 
mandible pale. Total length about 3 inches, wing 1-7; tail, central 
rectrices 0-8, lateral 1; bill 0-8. (Type in the collection of Graf 
von Berlepsch described.) 


The type described above is the only specimen of this bird I have 
seen. The colour of the crown and under surface is almost exactly 
that of P. eucliloris, and more golden than that of P. poortmani. 

Hah. Colombia. 

2. PanycMora poortmani. 
Ornismya poortmani, Bourc. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, vi. p. 39 
(1843); id Pev. Zool. 1843, p. 2. 
Hvlocharis poortmani, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 115; Bp. Consp. Av. 
1 p. 74. 
Chlorestes poortmani, Peich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7', id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 4, pi. GDI.figs. 4580-1. 
Chlorestes ft, Smaragditis esmeralda, Peich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7 ; 
id. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 694. f. 4542-3. 
Chlorostilbon poortmani, Bp. Pev. Zool. 1854, p. 255; Gould, Mori. 
Troch. v. pi. 358 (Sept. 1860); Scl. Cat. Am. B.j. 319. 
Panvchlora poortmani, Cab. <$• Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 50; Gould, 
Intr. Troch. p. 180 ; Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 149; Elliot, Ibis, 1875, 

p. 170; id. Syn. Troch. p. 247; Muk. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 
ii. p. 112 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 210; Etides-JDesl, Ann. 
Mm. Cam, i. p. 530, iv. p. 199; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 334. 
Chlorostilbon (Panichlora) poortmanni, Muls. § Verr. CI. Troch. p. 42. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, crown and 
under surface glittering grass-green ; tail also shining, a little 
darker and of a more olive tint than the back ; bill black. Total 
length about 3 inches, wing 1*7; tail, central rectrices 0*75, lateral 
0*9; bill 0*75. 
Adult female. Upper surface shining golden green; ear-coverts 
black; under surface dingy white, flanks washed with golden 
green ; lateral rectrices pale greenish at the base, white at the tip, 
and with a wide steel-blue subterminal bar; bill black. 
Individuals appear to differ in dimensions, some specimens having 
shorter tails and shorter bills than others, but I am unable to separate 
them 
definitely. 
Eab. Colombia, vicinity of Bogota. 

a-p. tfad.; q-b'. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
<$ juv.; c'~e\ Gould, & Sclater 
$ ad. sk. C°lls-


f'-K. d ad.; i'. [Colombia.] - Salvin-Godman, 
J* J; u y st Gould, & Sclater 
° * ' Colls. 

TROCHILI. 

3. PanycHora eucMoris. 
Chlorestes 0. Smaragditis euchloris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 7. 
Chlorestes euchloris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 23; id. Track. Enum. 

p. 4, pi. G94. f. 4544. . ... ,n 
Panyclilora euchloris, Or&. # IT«/ze, Mus. Hein. in. p. 49; Berl 
J. /. 0™. 1887, p. 336. 
Chlorostilbon (PanicMora) eucliloris, Ufa/*. £ IVr. C&ss. 2>ocft. 

p. 42. 
Panyclilora poortmani major, Bed. J.f.O.n. 1884, p. 313. 

Adult male. Very similar to that of P. poorttaaui, but the colour 
of the crown and under surface of a more golden hue. 
Tho following specimens have been named from Count von 
Berlepsch's series kindly lent me for comparison. 
Hah. Colombia. 

a-dt g ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
Gould, & ^cLtter 
Culls 
e. cTad.sk. Bucaramanpra, Colombia Salvin-GodmauColl. 
(H. von Berlepsch). 

[Typical of P. poo ft ma ni nwj's)

I'/r. 

4. PanycHora alicise. 
Trockilus alicise, Bourc. Rev. ZuoL 1S4S. p. 274. 
Chlore&tes /3. Srnaragditis alice, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Chlorestes j3. Smaragditis maeulicollis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 7. 
Chlorestes maeulicollis, Reich. Avfz. d. Col p. 23; id. Truck. Enum. 

p. 4, pi. G94. £ 4545-6. 
Chlore&tes niellisuga, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, fl. 754. f. 4731. 
Chlorestes alice, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4T pi. 754. ff. 4732-3. 
Chlorostilbon alicise, Bp. Ren. Zool 1854, p. 255; Gould, Mm. 
Troch. v. pi. 357 (Sept. 1860). 
PanycHora aliciae, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. -50: Gould,. Intr. 
Troch. p. 178; Gray, HancUl B. L p. 140; Elliot, Bis, 1575, 

p. 171; id. Syn. Troch. p. 248; Muh. Hist. Nat. Qk.-Mmtdm% ii. 
p. 115, iv. p. 190; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 210; Elides-
Deal Ann. Mus. Caen, i.p. 530; BerL J.f.O.n. I^b7, p. 334. 
Panyclilora maeulicollis, Cab. # Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 49. 
PanycHora aurata, Cab. # Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 50. 
Smaragdites alicise, Muls. 8f Terr. Class. Troch. p. 42. 

Adult male. Smaller than that of P. poortmani, and with darker, 
shorter, nearly eyen tail. 
Hah. Venezuela. 

a-e. d ad.; / . [Venezuela.] Salvin-Godman & 
tfpy.sk. xy Gould CoUs. 

g. S ad. sk. Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 
h, i. <$ juv. sk. Caracas, Venezuela. E. Dyson [C.l. 
/. d ad. sk. [Venezuela.] E. Dyson [CA 
lo . PANYCHLORA. 

o. Panychlora micans. (Plate IV.fig. 1.) 
Adult male. Similar to that of P. alicice and of about the same size. 
The whole plumage is of a rich reddish golden hue, brighter and 
redder on the crown. The tail is very dark and of a more bronzy 
tint than in the allied species, but the outer rectrices are distinctly 
green and not coppery-bronze as in P. russata; moreover the tail 
is slightly forked. 

A single male specimen in the Gould Collection is the only one 
I have seen of this bird. It is very richly coloured, and though 
differing obviously from P. alicice may possibly prove to be a variety 
of that species. 

ffab. ? 

a. d ad. sk. 
? Gould Coll. 
6. Panychlora russata. 
Panychlora ?, Sate. $ Godm. Ibis, 1879, p. 205,1880, p. 174 
Panychlora russata, Salv. Sr Godm. Ibis, 1881, p. 597; Sharpe in 
GoulcVs Siqipl Troch. pi. 59 (Jan. 1883). 

Adult male. Similar to that of P. euchloris, of the same size and 
with the crown and under surface of nearly the same golden green, 
the back and wing-coverts are of a more bronzy hue, and the tail 
of a rich coppery bronze. 

Adult female. Like the females of P. poortmani and P. euchloris, 
but the lateral rectrices are bronzy towards the base, which colour 
blends on the subterminal band into a rich purplish bronze. 

Hal. K Colombia. 

a-e. <$ ad. sk. Manaure, N. Colombia, May, Salvin-Godman Coll,^ 
June, July (P. Simons). I 
/. <$ juv.; g, San Jose, N. Colombia, March Salvin-Godman Coll. | 

h. J ad. sk. (P. Simcms). 
}* 
i. 
$ ad. sk. San Sebastian, N. Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (P. Simons). 
j. $ ad. sk. Atanques, N. Colombia, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. J 
(P. Simons). (Types of the species.) 
7. Panychlora stenura. 
Panychlora stenura, Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hem. hi. p. 50; Gould, Intr. 
Track p. 180; Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 205; Scl $ Salv. P.Z. S. 
1870, p. 782; Elliot, Ibis, IS75, p. 171; id. Syn. Troch. p. 248$ Muls. 
Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 117; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 210; JEudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 530; Sharpe in 
Gould's Mon. Troch. pi. 58 (Jan. 1883). 
Chlorostilbon acuticaudus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 308. 
Chlorostilbon stenura, Muls. f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 42. 
Panychlora alicice, Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 379. 


72 
'JDE00H1LI. 

Adult male. Upper surface sMning grass-green; crown and under 
surface glittering grass-green, the former a little more golden; tail 
shining green, rather darker and more olive than the back, the 
lateral pair of rectrices very narrow and gradually tapering to a 
rounded end; bill black. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 1-75, 
tail (slightly forked) 0*9, bill 0-8. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining golden green, duller on tiie 
crown, greener on the central rectrices ; under surface clingy wlute ; 
ear-coverts black; lateral rectrices green at the base, white at the 
tip, and with a subterminal steel-blue band. They seem narrower 
than in P. poortmani. 

Uab. Venezuela and Colombia. 

a. S ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Cull. 
b, c. c? ad.; d. Merida. Gould Coll. 
j ad, s k.' (Types of P. aeuiicaufJus.) 
e. Jad.sk. Ocana, Colombia (C. W.Wyatt) Salvin-Godman Coll. 

16. 
EUPHEBUSA. 
Type. 
Eupherusa, Gould, Mon. Track, v. pi. 324 (Sept. 1857j ; 
Mr. Troch. p. 108 E. eximia. 

Range. Central America from S.TT. Mexico to Panama. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Two lateral rectrices white towards the base. 
a\ 
Basal two-thirds of the inner web of the lateral 
rectrices and the shaft adjoining white; 
outer web black eximia^ p. 72. 

V. 
Lateral rectrices tipped with black, outer web 
white next the shaft, edged only with black, egregki, p. 7:3. 
b. Four lateral rectrices on either side white towards 
the base, grey on the outer web and tip poliocerca, p. 74. 
1. Eupherusa eximia. 
Eupherusa eximia, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 324 (Supt. 1857 f; id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 163; Scl. $ Sah. Ibis, 1850, p. 130; Mv. IMs, 1800, 
pp. 195,271; Sel Cat Am. B. p. 31G; Mids. £ Verr. Class. Track. 

p. 32 ; Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Monches, i. p. 272, pi. 25, iv. p. 170; 
Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. 212; Mtdes-Desl. Am. Mus. Cam, I 
p. 333. ' 
Polytimis eximius, Gray, Kand-l. B. i. p. 133. 
Euphrerusa eximia, Muls. Am. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205. 
16 . EUPHERUSA. 
78 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; under surface 
glittering grass-green ; under tail-coverts pure white; wings purple-
black, secondaries chestnut with dark tips ; tail nearly black, central 
rectrices tinged with bronze, two lateral rectrices on either side with 
the inner web and shaft adjoining white for two thirds of their 
length, outer web black : bill black, feet flesh-colour. Total length 
about 3*8 inches, wing 2*3, tail 14, bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Upper surface, wings, and tail like those of the male; 
under surface including the under tail-coverts dusky white. 
Hab. Guatemala. 

a, b. <$ ad, sk. Ckimalapa, Tehuantepec, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
^& April ( W. B. Richardson). 

c. 
$ ad. sk. Sierra de San Domingo, Tehuan- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
tepee, April (TV. B. It.). 
d. 
c? ad. sk. Choctum, Guatemala, Feb. (0. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
&$F. D. t?.). 
e. 
Jad.sk . Hamkhal, Vera Paz, Jan. (0. S. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$F.B. G.). 
f~h, $ ad. • i-k. Cohan, Guatemala, Nov. (0. &). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. 
l-p. S 
ad.*; %) r. Guatemala (G. TJ. Skinner). Gould Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 


2. Eupherusa egregia. 
Eupherusa egregia, Sel. # Sab. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 389; Laior. Ann. 
Lye. N. Y. ix. p. 146; Salv. P. Z. S. 1869, p. 316, 1870, 


p. 210 • Mula. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 274, iv. p. 179; 
Bourc. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 71; Elliot, Sijn. Troch. p. 213; Eudes-
JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 335; Sharpe in Gould's Suppl. Troch. 
(April 1885). 
Eupherusa eximia, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 127. 
Polytmus egregius, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 133. 
Euphrerusa egregia, Muls, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205. 


Adult male. Similar to that of E. eximia^ but with the central 

rectrices clearer bronze, and with the outer webs of the laterals 

white next the shaft, the edge only being dark. 

Female dif ers in having the white on the lateral rectrices ex


tending to the tip of the shaft and either side of it, having a dark 

margin only near the tip. 

Young male. Like the female, but darker beneath ; the glittering 

feathers of the under surface of the adult commencing to appear 

about the middle of the throat and thence spreading over the under 

surface. 

Hab. Costa Pica and Panama. 

a-e. <$ ad.; d-f. Costa Pica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman & 
J ad. sk. Gould Colls. 


g. 
$ juv.; h, L Costa Pica (Entires). Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
74 TROCHILI. 
j . tf ad.; k.
ad. sk. 
7. tf juv. sk.
m. $ ad. sk.
n. tf juv. sk. 
J Volcan de Chiriqui (Arce). 
Castillo, Panama (Aree). 
Calovevora, Panama (Arce). 
Veraguas (Arce). 
Salvin Godrnan Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll.] 
Salvin-Godman Coll. j 
(Types of the species.) 
Sclater Coll. 

3. Eupherusa poliocerca. 
Eupherusa poliocerca, Elliot, Ann. § 31 ag. N. H. 1871, p. 206; 
Syn. Troch. p. 212 ; de Oca, La Nat iii. p. 302. pi. —: 31ids. Hint 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 271, pi. 24; Eudes-Besl. Ann. 3Ius. Caen, 

i. p. 332j Gould, SuppL Troch. pi. 55 (April 1851). 
Euphrerusa poliocerca, Muls. Ami. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205. 
Adult male. Very similar to that o£E. exiniasoiar as regards the 
colour of the body and wings, the central rectrices are paler bronze-
green and the four laterals on either side are white at the base, gradually 
shading into purple-grey towards the tip and outer edge of the 
outer web. 

Female unknown. 
Hah. South-western Mexico. 

dr.tfacLsk. Putla, W. Mexico (Rebouch). Gould Cull. (A 
typical frpwinu'ii.) 
b, c. tf ad. sk. Omilteme, Sierra Madre del Salviii-Goduaan Cull. 
Sur, Mexico, July (31rs. II. 

M. Smith). 
17. ELVIRA. 
'lype. 
Leucochloris (Elvira), Mids. <§• Terr. Classif. Troch. 

p. 32 (1865) E. chionura. 
Elvira, Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, L p. 206. 
Eange. Costa Rica and Panama. 

Key to the Species, 

a. Bill straighter; crown grass-green; submedian pair 
of rectrices not marked with white cManura, p. 74. 
6. Bill more curved j crown bronzy green; submedian 
pair of rectrices marked with wliite ... . ... , eupreiceps, p. 75, 
1. Elvira cMonxura. 
Troehilus (Thaumatias) chionura, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 102. 
Thaumatias chionurus, Gould, Mm. Troch. v. pi. 300 (3Jay 1552) ; 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 153 ; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 349; Elliot, 
Ibis, 1878, p. 48. 

17 . ELVIKA. 
75 
Thaumantias chionura, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854 p. 255; 8alv. P. Z. S. 

1867, p. 156, 1870, p. 210. 

Agyrtria cliionura, Cab. $ Heine. Mus. Hein. iii. p. 32; Heine, J. f, 

Om. 1863, p. 183. 

Eupherusa niveicauda, Lawr, Ann. Lyc. N. T. viii. p. 134. 

Elvira chianura, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Track, p. 32. 

Eupherusa chionura, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 127. 

Polytmus ehionums, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 129. 

Elvira chionura, Muls, Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 166, iv. p. 179; 

id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205; JEudes-Desl Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 327; Elliot, Syn. Track p. 210. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; under surface 
glittering grass-green; under tail-coverts white; central rectrices 
bronzy green, three laterals on either side white tipped with 
bronzy black; wings purple-black, without chestnut at the base of 
the secondaries; bill black, basal half of the mandible whitish. 
Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 2, tail 1*15, bill 0*7. 

Adult female. Like the male on the upper surface; under surface 
nearly pure white, the sides of the head and neck green; lateral 
rectrices tipped with white, leaving a dark subterminal bar. 

Hah, Costa Rica and Panama. 

a-c. c?ad. ] d. Costa Rica (CarmioT), Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad.sk. Gould CoUs. 

e. 
<5 ad.; /. $ Ohiriqui (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. (Type 
ad. sk. * of the species.) 
g. 
<$ juv.; h-j, Ohiriqui {Arci). Salvin-G-odman, 
2 ad.; 7c. $ Gould, & Sclater 
juv. sk. " Colls. 
L m. <S ad.; n. Calovevora, Panama (ArcS). Salvin-Godman & 
J ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
o-r. 
<$ ad.; s. Veraguas (Arci). Gould & Sclater 
5 ad. sk. Colls. 

2. Elvira cupreiceps. 
Eupherusa cupreiceps, Lawr, Ann. Lyc. N. T. viii. p. 348 (1866), 
ix. p. 127. 
Elvira cupreiceps, Muls, Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, i. p. 268, iv. 
p. 179; Elliot, Syn. Troek p. 210; Gould, 8uppL Trockyl. 53 
(Aug. 1880); Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 328. 
Thaumantias cupreiceps, Bourc. P. Z. S.1878, p. 71. 
Elvira caeruleiceps (!), Muls. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 328. 

Adult male. Like that of E, chionura in general appearance, but 
with the bill shorter and more curved; the crown and the central 
pair of rectrices deeper bronze and the latter alone without white on 
either web. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 1-85, tail 1, bill 0-65. 

Adult female. Also has the curved bill and bronze crown of the 
male; the lateral rectrices are tipped with white, leaving a very 
narrow subterminal oblique dark bar. 

Hab. Costa Rica. 

a, 
tf ad.; b,e. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

$ 
ad. sk. 

76 TECCHILI. 
d. 5 ad. sk. Tueurriqui, Costa Kica (Arce). Salvin-Godruan Coil. 
e. S ad. sk. Costa Biea (ex G. N. Lawrence). Gould Coll, (Typi


/ . c? ad.; g. <$ Costa Bica (CarmioU).
juv. sk. 
h-'h £ ad. ; l-q. Costa Rica (Bndres).
$ ad. sk. 

18. 
TEALUBAHIA.
Mellisuga, Boie, Ids, 1831, p. 545 {nee Brisson)
Thalurania, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 13.....

cal specimen.) 
Gould Coll. 

 Gould Coll. 

T 

 T. furcata. 
T. nigiofasciata. 
Glaucopis, Burm. Syst Ueb. ii. p. 333 (1850) {nee 

Hubner) 

Range. Central America from HondurasAmerica generally to South Brazil, 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Crown and throat differently coloured. 
a'. Throat and abdomen uniform glittering 
green. 
a". Crown glittering violet-blue. 
a'". Upper surface and shoulders shining 
grass-green
b'1'. Upper surface dark shining prra&sgreen, 
shoulders glittering violet-
blue

b". Crown glittering greenc". Crown shining dark greenb'. Throat glittering green; abdomen violet-

blue. 
d". Crown glittering violet-blue
e". Crown glittering green. 


c''!. Throat only glittering greend'". Throat and breast glittering green..
/" . Crown shining green like the back. 
e'". Larger. 

a . Green of the throat extending over 
the breast; a black pectoral band,
&4. Green of the throat not extending 
over the breast; no pectoral band"
/" . Smaller tg". Crown greenish black. 
g'". Tail more or less deeply forked; 
under tail-coverts greenish blue, 
usually indistinctly edged with 
dusky white

ti". Tail slightly forked ; under tail-
coverts dusky blue plainly edged 
with white ,

i'". 
Tail deeply forked; under tail-coverts 
uniform dark steel-blue

b. Crown and throat uniform dark shining blue, 
. .. T. glaucopis. 

 to Panama, and Houth 

glaucopis, p. 77. 

founsejidi, p. 78. 

Jiypochlora, p. 78. 

icaUrtoni, p. 78. 

columbica, p. 79. 

eripMle, p. 80. 

fannm} p. 81. 

nigrofasciata, p. S"2. 

tschtdiij p. 83. 
jelsMi^ p. 84. 

furcata, p. 84. 

fureaioides, p. 85. 

refulgem, p. 86. 

bicolor^ p. 86. 

18 . THALXTEA.NIA. 
77 

1. Thalurania glaucopis. 
Troehilus glaucopis, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 497; Vieill N. Diet. 
dHist. N. vii. p. 370; id. JEnc. Meth. p. 557; Less. Ind. Gki. 
Troch. p. xxi; Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 85. 

Troehilus frontalis, Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 318. 
Troehilus pileatus, Wied, Reise, i. p. 64. 
Ornismya glaucopis, Less. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xiv, 175, 


pis. 58, 59. 

Thalurania glaucopis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254; 
Gould, P. Z. S. 1852, p. 9; id. Mori. Troch.ii. pi. 99 (May, 1856) ; 
id. Intr. p. 76; Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 23; Scl. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 293; Mtds. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 51; Hamilton, Ibis, 1871, 
p. 307 ; Reinh. Vidensh. Medd. Nat. For. Kjob. 1870, p. 103; Peh. 
Orn. Bras. p. 29; Salv. <$• Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 355; Berlepsch, J. f. 
Orn. 1873, p. 274; id. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xi. p. 561; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 59, pi. 72; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 218; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 99; Eudes-Eesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. 
p. 304; Salv. Cat. Strichl. Coll. p. 362; Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. N. 
H. ii. p. 260. * 
Cceligena a. Thalurania glaucopis, Reich. Aufz. der Col. p. 7; id. 
Troch. Enmn. p. 2, pi. 685.ff. 4509-10. 
Glaucopis frontalis, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 333; Euler, J.f.O.n. 
1867, p_. 222. 
Thalurania lucise, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 2; id. Pr. Bost. Soc. 

N. H. xiv. p. 284; id. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 291; Salv. $ 
Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 355; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 62. 
Polytmus glaucopis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 130. 
Thaumantias lucise, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 240. 

Adult male. Upper surface and shoulders of the wing shining 
grass-green; crown rich dark glittering violet-blue; nape black; 
entire under surface including the under tail-coverts glittering green; 
tail steel-blue; bill black. Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 24 ; 
tail, lateral rectrices 2, central 0*9; bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Upper surface including the crown shining grass-
green ; under surface dusky white, lateral rectrices with dusky tips. 
Count von Berlepsch has shown that T. lueiw, said to be from 
the Tres Marias Islands, is certainly this species wrongly located. 

Hal. South-eastern Brazil. 

a, b. c?ad.; o~f*2 Brazil (Bahia make). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

g. 5 ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil ( Wucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. S ad. sk. NovoFribourgo,Brazil(Youds). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i-h.S 
ad.; L $ ad. Brazil (Mo make). Salvin-Godman & 
sk. Gould Colls. 

m. 
S ad. sk. Itapetininga Brazil (J. F. Gould Coll. 
Hamilton). 
n. $ juv. sk. S. Paolo, Brazil. Gould Coll, 
o. J ad. sk. Brazil {Rogers). Gould Coll. 
p. $ ad. sk. [Brazil] (dark var.) Gould Coll. 
q. <$ ad.; r, $ ad. [Brazil.] 
Gould Coll. 
St. 

78 TEOCHILT. 

2. Thalurania townsendi 
Thalurania townsendi, Ridgw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 590 (1887). 
Adult male. Like that of T. glaucopis but smaller, the upper stir-
face darker, the violet-blue of the crown darker and more restricted 
to the front, the shoulders of the wings and interscapular feathers 
tinged with glittering blue; under tail-corerts dark blue edged 
with white; bill black. Total length about 3*8 inches, wing 2*1; 
tail, lateral rectrices 1*4, central 1; bill 0*9. 

Female like that of T. glaucopis but smaller. 
I am indebted to the authorities of the United States Xational 
Museum for an inspection of the types of this species. 
Hob. Honduras, Segovia Eiver (C. H Townsend), U. S.Xai Hus. 

3. Thalurania hypochlora. 
Thalurania hvpcehlora, Gould, P. Z. S. 1870, pp. 803,804 ; id. Svppl. 
Troch. pi.'28 (Aug. 18b0); Salo. § Elliot, Ibis, 1-73, p. WO; 
Mids. Hid, Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 06, pi. 74 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, sxii. p. 218; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 102; Ettrhn-Desl. Ann. 
Mus. Caen, i. p. 309; Berl |- Tacz.P.Z. S. 1^3, p. 507. 

Thalurania fannyse, var., Simon, Me??i. Soc. ZooL Fr. 18S0, p. 229. 

Adult male. Darker on the upper surface than T. glaucopis, anterior 
half of the crown glittering green like the under surface ; nape 
and hind neck black; shoulders of the wings glittering blue ; under 
tail-coverts dark blue, edged narrowly with white; bill Mack. 
Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*15; tail, lateral rectrices 1*8, 
central 1; bill 0-9. 

Adult female. Brighter on the upper surface, the whole crown 
like the back ; under surface greyish white, lateral rectrices tipped 
with white. 

Young male. Dusky black beneath; the glittering green feathers 
of the adult appearing first on the throat and crown. 
Hab. Ecuador. 

a. tfad.; b. c? juv.; Citado, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll 
c. § ad. sk. (Types of the species.) 
d. d ad. sk. Napo, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. cS ad.;/. $ ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
4. Thalurania watertouL 
Troeliilus watertonii, " Zodd.," Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 44. 

Thalurania watertoni, Bp. Consp. i. p. 76; id. Rev. ZooL 1P54, p. 254: 
Gould, P. Z. S. 1852, p. 9; id. Aim. Troch. ii. pi. 100 (Mar, 1*50); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 76; Sah. 8f Elliot, Ibis, 1673, p. 3oS ; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 101; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218: 
Budes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 313. 

Cceligena a. Thalurania whatertoni, Reich. Aufz. der Col. p. 7, 
Thalurania wattertoni, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 51 : Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 78. 

18 . T-KALUEAFIA. 
79 

Adult male. Upper surface dark grass-green; nape and hind 
neck black: back dark glittering violet-blue ; under surface glittering 
green ; under tail-coverts and tail dark steel-blue ; bill black. 
Total length about 5 inches, wing 2-1 ; tail, lateral rectrices 2-35, 
central *8; bill 1. 

There is some doubt respecting the habitat of this species. 
Waterton's original specimen is stated to have been obtained by him 
at the " Miribi Creek, about 40 miles up the Essequibo River,* but 
no authentic specimens have of late years been found in Demerara. 
On the other hand, Count von Berlepsch has recently received specimens 
from Pernambuco, and Gould's examples were supposed by 
him to have been obtained near the mouth of the Amazons. 

Mab. Guiana ?; Eastern Brazil. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. " N. Brazil, near the mouth of Gould Coll. 
the Amazons." 
c, el (S ad. sk. Guiana ? . Salvin-Godman Coll. 

5. Thalurania columbica. 
Ornismya columbica, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1848, p. 2; id. Ann. Sci. 

Rhys, et Xat. Lyon, vi. pi. C. 
Trochilus (Thalurania) vemista, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 163. 
Thalurania columbica, Gould, P. Z.S. 1852, p. 8; id. Mon. Troeh. ii. 

pi. 106 (Sept. 1858); id. Intr. Troeh. p. 78 ; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 254; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. ii. p. 24; Sd. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 294; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 376; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, 
p. 355; Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 99; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 51; 
Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Monches, iii. p. 63, pi. 73, iv. p. 217; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218; Boucard, P. Z S.1878, p. 69; 
Salv. <§* Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 172; Eudes-Hesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, 
i. p. 306; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1884, p. 310, 1887, p. 319. 
Coeligena a. Thalurania columbica, Reich. Aufz. der Col. p. 7; id. 
Troeh. Emm. p. 3, pi. 685.ff. 4511-12. 
Coeligena a. Thalurania puella, Reich Aufz. der Col. p. 7. 
Thalurania vemista, Gould, P. Z. S. 1852, p. 9 ; id. Mon. Troeh. ii. 

pi. 108 (Sept. 1858); Intr. Troeh. p. 78; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254; 
id. Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 292, ix. p. 122; Sd. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 
1864, p. 305; Muls. 8r Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 51; Salv. P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 153/1870, p. 207 ; id. Ibis, 1872, p. 319; v. Franfz. J. f. 
Orn. 3863, p. 315; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, I p. 308. 

Polytmus venustus, Gray, Hand4. B. i. n. 130. 
Polytmus columbiciis, Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 130. 

Adult male. Upper surface black when viewed from in front, 
bronzy green when viewed from behind; forehead, anterior half of 
the crown, interscapulium (more or less), smaller wing-coverts, and 
abdomen dark glittering violet-blue; throat glittering green ; under 
tail-coverts and tail steel-blue, the former edged with white; bill 
black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*05; tail, central rectrices 
0-9, laterals 1*6; bill 0-85. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining green, duller and more 
bronzy on the crown and nape, bluer on the rump; sides of the 

80 TKOCHILI. 

head and under surface dusky white; central rectrices greenish blue, 
laterals steel-blue tipped with white. 

T. venusta was founded on Panama specimens, and said to be 
more extensively marked with blue on the back than is the ease in 
T. cdlumbica. This character is now known to be inconstant, and 
that there is no material difference between the Central-American 
and Colombian birds. 
flab. Central America from Nicaragua to Panama; Colombia. 

a, b. S ad. j c, d. Chontales, Nicaragua (T. Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ad. sk. 
e-g. tfad.; A. £ Tucurriqni, Costa Eica. Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
?. S&L-Jjh. $ Costa Eica. Gould CoU. 
ad. sk. 
I, m. $ ad.; n. J Costa Eica {Endres). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
of p. tf ad. sk. Volcan de Chiriqui (TFarsze-Gould Coll. <Type& 
wiez). of T. venmtff^ Gould.) 

q. <$ ad.; r. $ ad. Boquete de Chitra, Panama Salvin-Godman & 
sk. (Arce). Gould Colls. 
s. J ad. sk. Castillo, Panama {Arce). Gould Coll. 
t, u. <$ ad. sk. Laguna, Panama {Arce). Gould Coll 
Vj w. (5 ad. $ x. JCalovevora, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman CoU. 
ad. sk. 
y-a!. $ ad.; b', c'. Santiago de Veraguas, Panama Salvin-Godman & 


$ ad. sk. {Arce). Gould Colls, 
d'. $ ad. sk. Panama Eaiivs ay {Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll 
e'. (S ad. sk. Paraiso Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 


(Hughes). 
f-h'. S ad. j i\ Lion Hill, Panama (JMrLean-Salvin-Godman & 
nan). Gould Culls. 
S ad. sk. 
m'. (S ad. sk. Minea, Sierra Nevada de Santa Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, 13 March (F Simons). 
nf. d*ad.; o'. $ San Josi, Santa Marta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. March, June (F. Simons). 
p\ <$ ad, sk. Pueblo Viejo, Santa Marta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (F. Simons). 
q\ $ ad. sk. Chinchicua Valley, Santa Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, Feb. (F.' Simons). 

r'-y'.S&H.; z'~a. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
c?juv.; /3-e. Gould Coils. 
? ad. sk. 

C. 6 ad. sk. San Cristobal, Venezuela Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Goering).
rj. $ ad.; 8. J ad. [Colombia.] Purchased. 
St. 

6. Thalura&ia eriplile. 
Ornismya eriphile, Less. Suppl Ois,-Mouches, p. 148, pL 25. 
Trochilis eriphile, Less. Ind. Gin. Track p. xxiL 
Thalurania eriphile, Bp. Consp. Av.L p. 77; id. Bet). Zool 1854, p. 254; 


id. Gould, P. Z. S.1852,p. 9; id. Mm. Troch.n. pi. 108 (Sept. 1858) j 
id. Mr. Troch. p. 79; Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 28; Scl Cat. 

18 . THALTnUfflA. 
Am. B. p. 294; Muls. § Terr. C7«ss. Troch.]}. 51; Z?ewi/i. Tidemh. 
Medd. Kat. For. Kjob. 1870, p. 104 ; fWs. Or/?. Bras. p. 30; tfato. # 
Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 350 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, iii. p. 07, 

iv. p. 217; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Li/on, xxii, p. 219; Elliot, Syn.Troch. 
p. 101; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 310; Simon. Bull. Soc. 
ZooL Fr. 1889, p. 230. 
Cceligena a. Thalurania eripliile, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. Troch. 
JEnum. p. 3, pi. 684. ff, 4507-8. 
Ccelig-ena a. Thalurania lydia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Glaucopis eripliile, Burm. Syst. TJeb ii. p. 334. 
Polytmus eripliile, Gray, Iland-l. B. i. p. 130. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark shining bronzy-green, brighter 
on the rump, nearly black when viewed from in front; scapulars 
dark blue; forehead and anterior half of the crown and throat 
glittering green; breast and abdomen glittering dark violet-bine; 
under tail-coverts and tail steel-blue; bill black. Total length 
about 4 inches, wing 2*3; tail, central rcetrices 1*2, lateral P6 ; 
bill 0-9. 


Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green; central rectrices 
darker; under surface dusky white, lateral rectrices steel-blue 
tipped with dusky white. 


Sab, Eastern Brazil. 

a, b. <S ad. t»k. Brazil (Bahia make). Gould Coll. 

c-e. (S ad.; / . g Brazil (Rio make). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. &k. Gould Oolls. 
q-L (S ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godtnan & 


Gould Colls. 
/ . 5 ad. sk. [Brazil] 
k~p. <£ad.; q. $ Ghanada, Matto Grosso, Jan., Salvin-Godman Coll. 


ad. &k. May, July, Oct. {II. H. 
Smith). 


7. Thalurania fannias. 
Trochilus fannyi, Bourc. § Delattre, Rev. ZooL 1846, p. 310. 
Thalurania verticeps, Gould, Contr,. Orn. 1851, pi. 107; id. P. Z. S. 
1852, p. 9; id. Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 107 (Sept. 1858); id. Intr. Troch. 

p. 78; Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 254; ScL P. Z. S. 18(30, p. 95; id. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 204; Muls. Sr Verr. Class. Troch. p. 51. 
Cceligena «. Thalurania fanny, Reich. Troch. Enmn. p. 8, pi. G83. 
ft. 4502-3. 
Chlorestes d. Bicordia verriceps, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8 ; id. Troch. 
Emm. p. 4, pi. 705. f. 4590. 
Thalurania fanny, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 254; Cab. § Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iii. p. 23. 
Thalurania tannine, Gotdd, Intr. Troch. p. 78 ; Simon, Bull. Soc ZooL 
Fr. 1889, p. 229. 
Thalurania fanuyi, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 51. 
Polytmus verticeps, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 130. 


Adult male. Similar to that of T. enjphile, but with the glittering 

green of the throat spread over the breast, instead of confined to 

the throat; rectrices narrower, and the tail more deeply forked. 
VOL. xvi. G 

82 TBOCHIII. 

Total length about 4 inches, wing 2-2; tail, central rectrices 0*95, 
lateral 1-65 ; bill 0-9. 

Adult female? Like that of the allied species, but with the dusky 
white of the under surface extending only to the breast, the abdomen 
being dusky washed with green. 

This species has been united of late years to T. eryjpliile, but 
appears to me to be distinct, and with a very differently coloured 
female, if the specimen I hare described as such is really of that 
sex. The Quindiu male agrees with Ecuador specimens typical of 

T. verticeps, Gould. 
Hal. Colombia and Ecuador. 
a. (S ad. sk. Quindiu Mts., Colombia Gould Coll. 
( Warszeioiez). 
b. § ad. bk. Colombia (Bogota make). Guuld Cull. 
c. c? ad.sk. Popayan, Colombia, Gould Coll. 
d. $ ad.sk. Near" Pasto, Ecuador (Leh~ Salvin-Gudman Cull. 
mann), 
e-g. ad. <$ ; h, i. Quito, Ecuador {Jameson). Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
j-l c? ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Backl»y). Salvin-Gudman ('oil. 
m, n. $ juv. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godiuan Coll. 

o. <$ JUT. sk. Ecuador. Gould Cull. 
8. Thalurania nigrofasciata. 
TrocMlus ( P) nigrofasciata, Gould, P. Z. &'. 1840, p. SO. 
Thalurania viridipectus, Gould, P. Z. S, Is-ks, p. 13; lbo23 p. i)\ 
Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 254. 
Thalurania nigrofasciata, Goukl^ P. Z. S. 1352, p. h ; «/. 31b/*. 2Voc£. 

ii. pi. 104 (May 1801); id. Litr. Troth, p. 7& ; J5p. CW^J. i. p. 70; 
id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. hi. p. 2o ; 
Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 294; If ids. ty Terr. (.'&>*. Trot-It. p. 51; >Sc/. 4* 
8aZo. P. Z. 5'. 1800, p. BM, 1807, p. 970, lfc73, p. 267 ; Pelz. Or a. 
Bras. p. 30; 8alv. §* -M/o£, Ifo's, 1873, p. 357 (partimj; Mute. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches,m. p. 74 j iW. ^1/z^.tfoc. Xf?m. Zyo;;, xxii. p. 319; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 100 (partiin); Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. 
p. 818; Tacz. P. Z. 6', 1882, p. 35$ «£ Or/a. Per. i. p. 293 (partimj. 
Cosligena a. Thalurania nigrofasciata, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. 
Troch. Emm. p. 3, pi. 684. f. 4500. 
Coehgena a. Thalurania viridipeetus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Thalurania tschudii, Sol. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, p. 7533 1873, p. 2b7. 
Polytrnus nigrofasciatus, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 30, 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining green, tinged with 
bronze on the crown, nape, and upper tail-coverts; shoulders of 
the wings and abdomen dark glittering violet-blue; throat and 
breast glittering green, separated from the blue abdomen by a 
black line; tinder tail-coverts and tail steel-blue; bill black. Total 
length about 4*3 inches, wing 2-3; tail, central rectrices 1, lateral 
1-6; bill 0-9. 

Adult female. Upper surface grass-green, duller on the crown, 
darker on the central rectrices; under surface dusky white, lateral 
rectrices steel-blue, grey at the base and tipped with white. 

18 . THALTJR1MA. 
Mab. Upper Amazons valley, to the slopes of the Andes oi' 
Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. $ ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
b, c. (S ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Coll. 
d,e. c?ad. ;/.(J Napo, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould & Sclater 
juv.;#. $ ad. Colls. 

sk. 
h, L $ ad.sk. Canelos, Ecuador (Buckley), Gould Coll. 
j, k. (S ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godraan Coll, 
/, m. (S ad.; n. § Ecuador. Gould Coll. 

ad. sk. 
o-r. S ad.; s, t. Pebas, Amazons, June (/. Salvin-Godman & 
$ad. sk Kauxwell), Gould Colls. 

it. (5 ad. sk, Guia, Rio Negro, Nov. (A. It. Gould Coll. 
Wallace). 


v. J ad. bk. Cobati, Eio Negro. A. R, Wallace [C.l 
w. 2 ad- sk. Rio Javari, Amazons. II. W. Bates [0.]. 
.v. $ ad.; y-#\ Upper Amazons (K Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
$ad. sk. 
b'-d'. $ ad.; e'-y1. Yquitos, Amazons, March to Gould Coll. 
$ad.bk. .May (II. WKMy).
h'. d ad.sk. Rio Tigre, Amazons, Oct. (J. Sclater Coll. 
ELauxioell). 
i'. $ juv. st. Gould Coll. 


9. Thalurania tsclra&ii. 
Trochiliib furcatus, Tsch Faun. Per. p. 39 (nee Gm.). 

Thalurania tschudii, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 312; id. Mon. Troch ii. 
pi. 103 (May 18J1); id. Intr. Troch p. 78; Mais. # Verr. Class, 
Troch. p. 51; Tacz. P. Z. S.1874, p. 542,1882, p. 35; id. Orn. Per. 

i. p. 293 (partim); Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mas. Caen, i. p. 320. 
Polytmus tscliudii, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 130. 
Thalurania nigrofasciata, Salv, $• Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 357 (partim); 
Elliot, Sy?i. Troch p. 100 (partim); Scl. 8? Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, 

p. 020. 
Adult male. Similar to that of T. nigrofasciata, but without the 
black pectoral collar; the green throat not drawn to a point over 
the breast but terminating transversely, below which the green 
colour to some extent blends with the blue of the abdomen. 

Female. Similar to that of T. nigrofasciata, 
Gould's types were from the Ucayali River at the foot of the 
Andes of Peru. Bolivian examples are rather richer blue on the 
abdomen, and the line between the green and the blue of the throat 
is sharply defined. 
Hob. Andes of Peru and Bolivia. 

a, b. <$ ad. sk. Ucayali, Peru (J, Haimoett). Gould Coll. 

(Types of the species.) 
c, d. S 2 ad. sk. Chairo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

e. <$ ad. sk. Consata, Bolivia (Buckley). 
f. $ ad. sk. Mapiri, Bolivia (Buckley). 
Gould Coll. 

g-k. tfad.; I,m. Yungas, Bolivia (Buckley). 
$ ad. sk. 


G2 

84 
TROCHUJ. 

10, Thalnrania jelskii. 
'ani jelskii, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 133, 542; id. Orn. Per. i

Thalurania
aa \ 
do ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Moaches, iii. p. 70; id Ann. Sic.

p. 295; , 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 219 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch p. 101; Eudes-Desl 
Ann. Mas. Caen, i. p. 320; Sharpe in Goulds Sitppl Troch. pi. 20 
(Mar. 1887). 
Adult male. Similar to that of T. nigrofaseiata, but smaller. 

Length of wing 2-15 inches, tail 1*35, bill *S8. 

Unknown to me. Mr. Elliot, who compare 1 the type with spe


cimens of T. nigrofasciaia, says there is absolutely no difference 

between the two except in size. This difference is not great, and I 

think T.jelshii must be considered a species of doubtful value. 

Hah. Peru. 

11. Thalurania furcata. 
Oiseau mouche a 
queue fourekue, Buff. PI EnL 590. fig. 2 ; And. 
Ois. Ear. i. p. 87, pi. 34 
Trochilus furcatus, Gm. Si/st. Nat i. p. 4^0; Vieill. N.Dut.dlHst. 

N. vii. p. 376; id. Enc. Meth. p. 572; Less. lad. Gen. Troth, p. xxii; 
Cab. in Schomh. Guiana, iii. p. 703. 
Oiseau mouche violet, Aud. Ois. Ear. i. p. 71, pi. 34. 
Omismya furcata, Less. Hist. Nat Oi*.-Moitchc% pp. xiv, 82, pi. 18. 
Thalurania furcata, Bp. Consp. Ac. i. p. 70; id. Iln\ Zn d. 1^54, p. 254; 

Gould, P. Z. S. 1852, p. 8; id. M<M. Troch. ii. pL 101 (Sept. 1^); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 77; Cab. 4* Heine, Mas. Haiti, iii. p. 24; Set. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 294: Mills. £ Verr. Claw. Truth, p. 51; Sale. <$• Elliot, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 356; Muls. Hist. Nat. Oh.-Mouclw*, iii. p. 71: id. 
Ann. Soc. Linh. Lyon, xxii. p. 210: Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 09; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mas. Caen, i. p. 313; Sah\ Cat. Striekl. Cull 

p. 433. 
Cceligena a. Thalurania furcata, Peich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7 ; id. Troch. 
Emm. p. 3, pi. 682. if. 4498-9. 
Cceligena a. Thalurania gyrinno, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 7 ; id. Troch. 
Enum.^l.Q82.E.4coOO-l. 
Thalurania forfieata, Cab. $ Heme, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 24; Heme, 

J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 181. 
Polytmus furcatus, Gray} Hand-I. B. i, p. 130. 
Adult male. Upper surface nearly black when viewed from in 
front, with a slight shade of green, which is brighter on the rump ; 
interseapulium glittering blue; throat glittering green; abdomen 
glittering blue• under tail-coverts black, with white edges and 
green discs; tail steel-blue; bill black. Total length about 4*3 
inches, wing 2 ; tail, central reetrices 0*8, lateral 1*75 ; bill 0-85. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green tinged with 
golden, central reetrices darker and bluer; under surface dusky 
white, lateral reetrices steel-blue, grey at the base, and tipped with 
white. 

Some Cayenne skins have the tail longer and more deeply forked 
than others. Count Eerlepsch tells me that he believes that the type 
of T. forficata, Cab. & Heine, really came from Cayenne, and not from 
Para, and is one of the long-tailed individuals of T. fareata. 

IS . THALTTRAKIA. 

Specimens from British Guiana also vary in the length and depth 
of the bifurcation of the tail; they also vary in the colour of the 
upper tail-coverts, some being greener, others more bronze; the 
same variation is to be found in a series of Cayenne birds. The 
under tail-coverts of the British-Guiana birds are, as a rule, steel-
blue, like those of T. refulgens, but the character is not quite constant, 
some individuals showing light edges to these feathers. I do 
not, therefore, see any tangible character by which to separate the 
British-Guiana bird. 


Hah. Guiana. 

a. S ad.; b, c. J Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godmaii Coll. 
ad. sk. 
April, June, and Nov. (H. 
Whitely). 


d. S ad. i e. 5 ad. Camaeusa, Brit. Guiana, April Salvm-Godraan Coll. 
sk. (H. IF.). 
f. 
(S ad. sk. Merume Mts., Brit. Guiana, Sclater Coll. 
July (H. W.). 
g. c?ad. sk. Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. Whitely). 
Ji, i. <$ ad. sk. Demerara. Gould Coll. 
/. S juv. sk. Cayenne. H. C. Rothery [P.]. 
k-p. $ ad. sk. (Cavnene make.) Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

q. S ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
12. Thalurania furcatoides. 
Thalurania 
furcatoides, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. (sub T. furcata, 
pi. 101); id. Mr. Troch. p. 77 ; Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 51; 
Scl. # Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, p. 584 ; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, 

p. 357: Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 388; Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.~31ouches, 
iii. p. 73, iv. p. 218: id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 219 ; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 100; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i.p, 316. 
Thalurania forcipata, Heme, J. f. Orn. 18G3, p. 181. 
Thalurania subfurcata, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 181 ? 
Polytmus furcatoides, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 130. 
Thalurania furcata, Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 30. 

Adult male. Yery similar to that of T. furcata, but with the tail 
considerably shorter and less deeply forked (central rectriccs 0*9 
inch, lateral 1-4), and with the under tail-coverts white with steel-
blue discs. 

T. forcipata is a name substituted by Heine for T. furcatoides, 
and T. subfurcata is, Count Berlepsch tells me, probably referable 
to the same species. He also tells me that Natterer's birds from 
Barra, called by v. Pelzeln T. furcata, belong rather to T. furcatoides. 
Hab. Lower Amazons Yalley. 
a~c. <$ ad.: d. $ Para (A. M. Wallace ?). Gould Coll. < 
ad. sk. (Types of the species.) 
*.tfad.i/. $ad. Para, Nov. and Dec. {E. L. Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. Laijard). 

g. d ad. sk. Para? 
Gould Coll 
8 6 TKOCHILI. 
h. ($&<l.;i,j. S Amazons (A. B. Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h 2 * ad,' sir. Mexiana I., Amazons, Jan.
(A. P. W.). 
Salvin-Godinan Coll. 

13. Thaluramia refolgens. 
Thalurania refulgens, 
Gould, P. Z. S. 1852, p. 9; id. M<m. Troch. ii. 
pi. 102; id. Intr. Troch p. 77; Bp. Pev. Zool 1854, p. 254 ; Muls. 
% Verr. Class. Troch p. 51; 8ah\ § Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 358; Muls. 
Mist. Nat. Ois.-Motiches, iii. p. 79 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 219; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 101; Eiides-Ded. Ann. Mus. Caen, 
i. p. 312. 
Cceligena a. Tlialurania refulgens, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 7. 
Adult male. Similar to that of T. farcata, but larger, with deeply 
forked tail and wider rectriees; under tail-coverts uniform steel-
blue without any admixture of white. Total length about 4*9 
inches, wing 2-2; tail, central rectriees 0*85, lateral 2; bill 0*9. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green tinged with 
gold, especially on the crown ; under surface dusky white; lateral 
rectriees grey at the base, with a comparatively narrow steel-blue 
subterminal band and white tips. 

Bah. Trinidad. 

a-q, r?ad. :h 2 &d. Trinidad. Salvin-Godman & 
sk. Gould Colls. 
<$ ad. sk. Trinidad. Sclater Coll. 

14. Thalurania bicolor. 
Trochilus bicolor, Gm. Syst. Nat i. p, 496; Vieill Ois. Dor. i. p. 75, 
pi. 30. 
Ornismya wagleri, Less. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xvii, 203, 

pi. 73. 
Trochilus wagleri, Less. Ind. Gin. Troch p. xxi. 
Tlialurania wagleri, Bp. Consp. i. p. 77; id. Her. Zool. 1854, p. 254; 

Gould, P. Z. S. 1852, p. 9; id. Man. Troch ii. pi. 109 (May 1857); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 79; Cab. 8? Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 24; Muls. 
Sf Verr. Class. Troch p. 51; Sah. 8f Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 3G0; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 80; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon. 

xxii. p. 219; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 102; Later. Ann. N.Y. Ac. Sc. 
i. p. 46; id. Pr. U.S. Nat Mus. i. p. 01. 
Cceligena a. Tlialurania wagleri, Peich Aufz. d. Cot p. 7; id. Troch 
Enum. p. 3, pi. 702. ff. 4576-77. 
Polytmus bicolor, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 130. 
Thalurania bicolor, Elliot, Syn. Troch p. 102; Eudes-Desl Ann. 

Mus. Caen, i.p. 302 ; Cory, B. West Ind. p. 148. 

Adult male. Dark shining grass-green, more glittering on the 
under surface; upper tail-coverts blue; head and throat dark 
cobalt-blue, that of the throat gradually shading into the green of 
the breast; under tail-coverts blue tinged with green; tail steel-
blue; maxilla black; mandible, except the tip, flesh-colour. Total 

19. HYPUROPTIIA.
length about 4*8 inches, wing 2*4; tail, central reprices 1'15, lateral 
1*55: bifl 0*8. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining golden grass-green, bluer 
on the crown and upper tail-coverts ; under surface dusky white; 
central rectrices steel-blue, lateral whitish towards the base and at 
the tip, and with a wide subterminal steel-blue band. 

The locality " Brazil'" formerly given for this species is most probably 
erroneous. It rests on no satisfactory authority. 
TJialviXtuia licolor is a somewhat abnormal species, having the 
nasal covers less feathered than in more typical Thalvranirp, 

Rah. Dominica Island, "West Indies. 

a, h. $ ad. sk. Dominica, West Indies (F. A. Salvin-Godman & 
Oder). * Sclater Colls, 

e. £ 
ad. sk. Dominica, Jan. (Ramage), We*>t India Expl. 
Comm. 
d-L 
<Jad. ;i$ "Brazil.'' Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

10. 
HYPFB0PTILA. 
Type. 
Agvrrria 5. Chalybura, Reich. Aafz. d. Col p. 10 
(1854) * II. buffoni. 
Ilylocharis 5. ChaTybuia, Belch, Aufz. d. Col. 


p. 10 {lv34) IT. cseruleiventris, 
Ilvpuroptila, Gould, Hon. Truck, ii. pi. 89{Mav 
HU) ....;. H. buffoni. 
Chalvbuia (Methon), Mitfc. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon* 


xxii. p. 203 (1675) 
.\. . H. cairuleiventris. 
Rang*. Central America from Nicaragua to Panama; Colombia 
and Venezuela. 

Keg to the Species, 

a. Mandible black; under tail-coverts long. 
a'. Under surface green buffoni, p. 87. 
b'. Under surface blue ceeruleinmtris, p. 88. 
b. Mandible (except at the tip) flesh-colour; 
under tail-coverts shorter. 
c'. Under tail-coverts white. 
a!\ Throat green ...». urochrysea, p. 89. 
b". Throat bluish green zsaura, p. 89. 


d'. Under tail-coverts purple-black melanorrhoa, p. 90, 

1. Hypuroptila buffoiri. 
Trochilus buffoni, Less. Rist. Kaf. Troch. p. S4r pi. 15. 

Lanipornis buffoni, Bp. Consp, i. p. 72; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 2o0; 

Muh. Rist. Nat Ois.-Mouelm, i. p. 170. 

Ilypuroptila buifoni, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 89 (May 1854). 

Affvrtria d. Chalybura bxxSom, Reich. Avfz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. 

Ernim. p. 7, pi. 706. if. 4773-74. 

88 
TROCHILI. 

Ann. Soc. Zimz. Lyon, xxii. p. 203; id Hist. Xat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. 

p. 150; Elliot, St/n. Troch. p. 45; Eudes-Besl Ana. Mus. Caen, 
i. p. 20G; Perl J.f.O.n. 1884 p. 309, 1887, p. 810. 
Chalybura seneicauda, Lawr. Pr. Ac. Phil. 18G5, p. 38, 
Polytmus buffoni, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 126. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; upper tall-

coverts bronzy green; under surface shining emerald-green; under 

tail-coverts pure white; tail steel-blue, central rectrices washed 

with dark bronzy green; bill black. Total length about 4-8 inches, 

wing 2-75 ; tail, central rectrices 1-5, lateral 1/55; bill 1*2. 

Adult female. Under surface grey : flanks washed with shining 

green; lateral rectrices tipped with white. 

Some specimens, apparently females, have the grey of the under 
surface washed with green, each feather having a faint green spot 
towards the end. These may be young birds, but I have no evidence 
on the point. The central rectrices of males differ in the extent to 
which they are washed with a bronze hue. C. frneicwtda, Lawr., 
appears to have been based upon a bird having this bronze tint in 
excess. 


Ilab. Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela. A lowland species. 

a-o. <$ ad.; d. § Lion Hill, Panama QlcLe- Salvin-Godman, Gould, 
ad. sk. annari). &fcjclater Colls. 

e. $ ad. sk. Paraiso Station; Panama Salvin-Godinan Cull. 
(Hughes). 
f. <$ ad.; g. $ ad. sk. Ohepo, Panama (Arce). Sah in-G odman G *11. 
h. (S ad,; i, § ad. Minca, Sierra de Santa JSalvin-GoJbmau Coll. 
sk. 
Marta, Colombia, Jan., 
Feb. (F. Simons), 


j. 
$ ad.; h. J ad. Manaure, Colombia, Mav Sal\ in-G odman Coll. 
sk. (F. Simons), 
l-t. S 
ad.; u-v. § Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

y. S ad.; z. $ ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
a'. S ad. sk. Venezuela (Goering). Gould Coll. 
V. 
tfad.; c'. $ad. Venezuela. E. Dvson [C/\ 
sk. 
2. Hypuroptila cseruleiventris. 
Trochilus (Glaueis?) coeruleogaster, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 06. 
Lampornis cseruleogaster, Pp. Cony. i. p. 72: id. JRev. ZooL 1834, 

p. 250; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch p. 24. 
Hypuroptila cseruleogaster, Gould, Mori. Troch. ii. pi. 91 fllav 
1854). t \ , 
Hylocharis S. Chalybura cseruleiventris, Reich. Aitfz, d. Col. p. 10. 
Agyrtria 8. Chalybura ca3ruleiventris, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 7, 

pi. 7G7. if. 4775-70. k ' 
Chalybura caBruleiventris, Cab. ty Heine$ Mies. Hein. iii. p. 20 ; 8cl 

19 . HYPUROPTILA. 
89 

Cat. Am. B. p. 293; Elliot. Syn. Troch. p. 47; Berl J. f. Orn. 
1887, p. 316. * J 
Chalybura caeruleigaster, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 73 5 Eudes-Besl. 

Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 207. 
Lampornis caeruleiventris, Mills. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, i. p. 108. 
Chalybura (Methon) cseruleogularis, Mids. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 203; Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 156. 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of H. buffoni, but with the 
whole under surface, with the exception of the chin, of a rich blue; 
the middle of the back has a slightly bluer shade, and the central 
rectrices are purer steel-blue. 

Adult female. Like that sex ofiT. buffoni, bat the upper surface 
is of rather a bluer shade and the bronzy-green central rectrices are 
steel-blue towards their tips; the sides of the neck and the flanks 
are rather bluer than in the allied species. 

Eab. Colombia. 
a~h. $ ad.; i-k. $ Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

3. Hypuroptila urochrysea. 
Hypuroptila urochrysea, Gould, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 198 ; id. Mon. Troch, 
ii. pi. 90 (July 1861); Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iv.p. 157; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, ii. p. 208. 
Chalybura urochrysea, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 72; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 46 ; Mids. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203. 
Lampornis 
urochrysea, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 24; Muls. 
Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 176. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark grass-green; rump and upper 
tail-coverts bronzy; tail rich golden bronze; under surface emerald-
green, almost the same shade as in H. buffoni; abdomen dull 
grey washed with green: maxilla black, mandible flesh-colour, tip 
black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 2*75; tail, central rectrices 
1-6, lateral 1*8; bill 1-15. 

Female unknown. 

Eab. North-western Colombia, Cauca Valley, and Panama. 

a. 
cjad.sk. Panama (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b, c cJ ad. sk. MedeUin, Colombia (T. K Gould Coll. 
Salmon). 

d. d1 ad. sk. Eemedios, Colombia (T. K. S.). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
4. Hypuroptila isaurae. 
Hypuroptila isaurse, Gould, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 199; Muls. Ann. Soc. 
"Linn. Lyon, xxii, p. 203; Hist. Nat, Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 158; 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 209. 

Chalybura isaurse, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 72; Salv. JP. Z. S. 1867, 

90 
TROCHILI. 

p. 
152; Later. Ann. Lyc. K Y. ix. p. 122; Elliot9 Syn. Troeh. 
p. 46. 
Polytmus isaurse, Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 126, 
Lampornis i&aurae, Muls, Hist. Nat. Ois.-MoucJies, i. p. 174. 
Adult male. Similar to that of H. u rectify sea, but with the back 
slightly bluer, the rump tinged with purple; the throat and chest 
are tinted with blue, but not so dark a shade as in H. ccerithiveniris. 


Adult female. Under surface from the chin to the rent grey, the 
under tail-coverts -white; the two lateral rcctrices on either side 
are tipped with dull grey preceded by a dark subterminal band. 

Hah. Panama from Boca del Toro to Santa Pe. 

a. $ ad. sk. Boca del Toro, Custa Rica Gould Coll. 
( Verreaux). (Type of the ^ppeies.) 
b. c?ad.; c, d. $ Santa Fe? Panama (Aret). Sailin-Godman Coll. 
acl. sk. 
e. <$ ad,; / .
ad. sk. * 
J Santiago de Yeragua*, Panama 
{Arm). 
Gould Coll. 

o. Hypuroptila melanorrhoa. 
Chalybura 
melanorrhoa, Salu. P. Z. S. 13t'4, p. -J^4; id. Mi\ 1S72, 
p/319; Later. Ann. Lyc. X T. ix. p. 122; Elliot, Stfti. Troek 

p. 47: Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Li/o/i9 xxii. p. 200; Xnttinq. Pr. 
U.S. Xat. 3Ius. vi. p. 400. 
Chalybura earmioli, Lawr. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1305, p. 39. 
Polytmus melanorrhoa, Gray, Eand-l. B. i. p. 12fi 
Lampornis melanorrhoa, Muls. Hi>f. Nat. Ois.-MoveheSj i. p. 174, 
pi. 14. 

Hypuroptila melanorrhoa, Muls, Hid. Xat. Ois.-MoifrJm, iv. p. 137; 
Eudes-Desl, Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 210; GovM, Sujml. Troeli. 
pi. 10 (July 1881). 

Adult male. Like that of E. tirockrysea, but with the upper tail-
coverts and tail rich purple-bronze; the green of the under surface 
is a little darker, but not bluish as in H. isavnt ; and the under 
tail-coverts are purple-black, not white as in all other species of 

ITyjmrojitila. 
Adult female also differs from that of H. ismtrrp in having the 
under tail-coverts dark grey instead of white. 
Hah. Nicaragua and Costa Pica. 

a, b. <$ ad.; c, d. Cbontales. Nicaragua (T. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2 ad.sk. Belt), 
e-li. $ ad. sk. Tucurriqui, Costa Eica (E. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Arci). (Types of the ppeeies.j 

i. g ad. sk. Turrialba, Costa Eica (Aire). Gould Coll 
j, 
h. 3 ad.; I, m. Costa Eica (Endres). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

n. 
d ad.; o. 2 Costa Eica (Carmiol). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
20 . lAMPOKTQS. 
01 

20. 
LAHPOEHIS. 
Type. 
Lampornis, Swains. Zool, Journ. iii. p. 358 

(1827) L. mango. 
Anthracothorax, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 540 .. L. violicauda. 
Smaragdites, Boie, Isis, 1831, p. 547, L. dominions. 
Anthracothorax 8. Floresia, Reich. Aufz. d. 


Col. p. 11 (1854) L. porphyrurus=L. mango. 
Anthracothorax §. Hypophania, Reich. 
Aufz. d. Col. p. 11 (1854) L. dominicus. 
Margarochrysis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 11 

(1854) L. dominicus. 
Endoxa, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 179 .. L. mango. 
Campylopteras (Cruris), Mute. Ami. Soe. 


Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202 (1875) L. calosoma. 

Range. Central America from S. Mexico to Panama, Greater 
Antilles (except Cuba), Virgin Islands, and Old Providence. South 
America generally to South Brazil, 

Key to the Species. 

a. Lateral rectrices edged with black. 
«'. Sexes similar mango, p. 91. 
b'. Sexes dissimilar. 
a". Middle of the abdomen black. 
a"1. Throat black or bluish black violicauda, p. 92. 
¥". Throat glittering grass-green. 

a1. Crown dull green gramineus, p. 95. 
bK Grown glittering purple-green,« calosoma, p. 9G. 

<?'". Throat glittering golden-green. 
c%. Central rectrices steel-blue dominicus, p. 96. 
di. Central rectrices bronze mrginalis, p. 97. 

l/\ Middle of the abdomen green. 

d"'. Throat black. 
eK Bill longer prevosti, p; 98. 
fl. Bill shorter hendersoni, p. 99. 

e"\ Throat glittering green veraguensis, p. 99. 

h. Lateral rectrices steel-blue, tipped with white .. viridts, p. 100. 
1. Lampornis mango. 
Mellivora Avis maxima, Shane, Nat. Hist. Jamaica, ii. p. 305, 

pi. 264.fig. 3. 
Mellivora mango, Albin, Av. iii. p. 45, pi. 49. fig. 2. 
Poly turns jamaicensis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 679, pi. 35. fig. 1. 
Trochilus mango, Linn. Sgst. Nat. i. p. 191; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 

p. 491. 
Trochilus porphyrurus, Shaw, Nat. Misc. ix. pi. 333; id. Gen. Zool 
viii. p. 296. 
Lamponris floresii, Bp. Consp. i. p. 72; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250. 
Lampoons mango, Gosse, B. Jain. p. 88, pi. 18; March, Br. Ac. 
Phil 1863, p. 284; Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 350; id. Syn. Troch. p. 39 ; 
Cory, B. West Ind. p. 144. 

92 TROCHILJ. 

Antliweotliorax/3. Floresia porphyrura, Reich. Aitfz. d. Col p. 11; 
id. Troch. Emtm. p. 8, pi. 795. ff. 4849-50. 

Lampornis porpliyrurus, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 250; Gould, Jlon. 
Troch ii. p. 81 (May 1858); id. hitr. Truck, p. 07; Cab. 4* Seine, 
Mus. Hem. hi. p. 10; Sal P. Z. S. 1801, p. 79; id. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 291; Muh. $ Terr. Class. Troch. p. 24: Muis. Hist. Xat. Ois.-
Mouckes, I p. 103, iv. p. 155 ; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; 
Eudes-Desl Ann. MILS. Caen, i. p. 190. 
Eudoxa porphyrura, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803. p. 179. 
Polytmus porpliyrurus, Gray, Hand-l B. 1. p. 120. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark brown glos>ed with dark purple ; 
a patch of glittering purple on either side of the neck from the 
gape and passing under the eye; whole under surface deep black ; 
under tail-coverts greenish black; central rectrices brownish black : 
lateral rich purple writh steel-blue margins; bill black. Total length 
about 4*7 inches, wing 2*9, tail 1*7, bill T L 


Adult female. Like the male. 
Young birds (certainly males, but probably both sexes) have a 
dark glittering bluish-green throat, which is associated with white 
tips to somewhat pointed lateral tail-feathers (a sign of immaturity). 
A specimen in changing plumage is supplanting these green glittering 
feathers with pare black ones. 
Birds with bright throats, associated as they are with black-
throated ones, have long been a source of difficulty as regards their 
status. Gould considered them to be the normal females of this 
species, and so figured them in his Monograph. Dissected specimens 
before me do not support this view; and the bird in changing 
plumage, I think, clearly proves them to be immature, I know, 
however, of no similar instance in the TfOcluJifhr- in which immature 
birds are more highly ornamented than the adults. 
Hah. Jamaica. 

«, b. <$ ad. sk. Spanish Town, Jamaica, Feb. II. Brvant "P.] & 

{H. Bryant). Selater Cull. 
c.Jad.sk. Moneague, Jamaica, Feb. {H. Salvin-GodniaiiColl. 
Bryant), 
d.tf&d.; e. S Moneague (O. S. $F. D. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv. ? sk. 
/, y. Ad. sk. Jamaica (Osburn). Selater Coll. 
h-o. Ad. sk. Jamaica. Gould Cull. 

p. S ad. sk. Jamaica. Capt. Hamilton r I\ \ 
q. Skeleton. Jamaica, * Gould Coll. 
2. Lampornis violicauda. 
Le Colibri a queue violette, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 55; Ami &> 

Vieill Ois. Dor. i. p. 81, pi. 11. 
Le Colibri a queue violette de Cayenne, Buff. PL Enl 071. fig. 2. 
Trochilus violieauda, Bodd. Tall PL Enl p. 41. 
Trochilus albus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 488. 
Trochilus punetulatus, Gm. Stjst. Nat. i. p. 488; Vieill JV. Bid 

d'llist 2V. vii. p. 858; id. Enc. MSth p. 552. 

20. LAMPORNIS. 
Trocliilus nitidus, Lath. Inch Orn. i. p. 305. 
Violet-tailed Humming* Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 754. 
Le Plastron noir, And. c§* Vieill. Ois. I)or. i. p. 25, pi. 7. 
Trocliilus punctata, Aud. 8? Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. p. 24, pi. 8 j Vieill 


N. Diet d'Hist N. vii. p. 357 ; id. Enc. Meth. p. 550. 
Le Plastron Colette, Aud. 8? Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. p. 150, pi. 70. 
Pica flores turqui debaxo, Azara, Apunt. ii. p. 491, no. 290. 
Pica flores faxa negra a lo largo, Azara, Apant. ii. p. 490, no. 295. 
Trocliilus fasciatus, Shaio, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 303. 
Trochilus nigricollis, Vieill. N. Diet, d'llist. N. vii. p. 349; id. Eric. 
Meth. p. 553. 
Trochilus mango, Vieill. N. Diet d'Hist. N. vii. p. 353; id. Enc. Meth. 

p. 557; Less. Hist. Nat. Col. p. 58, pi. 13, 13 bis, 14, 15; id. Ind. 
Gen. Troch. p. x; Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 47. 
Trochilus quadricolor, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. N. vii. p. 353; id. Enc. 
Meth. p. 556. 
Trochilus atricapillus, Vieill. N. Diet. cTMist. N. vii. p. 354; id. Ene. 
Meth. p. 553. 
Lampornis 
mango, Bp. Consp. i. p. 71; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; 
Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 74 (Sept. 1856); Burm. Syst. TJeb. ii. 

p. 331; id. J.f.O.n. 1865, p. 229 ; Cass. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 10 ; 
ScL P. Z. S.1860, p. 254 ; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 291; Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iii. p. 19; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 319 ; E. C. Taylor, 
Ibis, 1863, p. 91; Sol. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365,1866, p.'l93, 
1867, pp. 584, 752, 979, 1868, pp. 169, 628, 1873, p. 287; Muls. 8? 
Verr. Class. Troch. p. 24; Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 562; Wyatt, 
Ibis, 1871, p. 376; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 28 ; Reinh. Vidensh. Medd. 
Nat. For. Kjdb. 1870, p. 103 ; Eider, J.f.O.n. 1873, p. 221; Muls. 
Hiit. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 155, pi. 13, iv. p. 155 ; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 189. 

Anthracothorax mango, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Emm. 

p. 8, pi. 791. ff. 4839-41. 
Lampornis iridescens, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 05; Heine, J", f. Orn. 
1863, p. 179; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 745 ; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 192; Perl. % Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 5G6. 

Polytmus mango, Leot. Ois. Trin. p. 131 (1866) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. 

i. p. 125. 
Lampornis violicauda, Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 351,1877, p. 141; id. Syn. 
Troch. p. 38; Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 235; ScL $ Salv. P. Z. S. 
1879, pp. 528, 627 j Boucard, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 178; Salv. Cat. 
Strickl Coll. p. 361; id. Ibis, 1885, p. 432; Tacz. Orn. Ptr. i. p. 281. 

Lampornis nigricollis, Berl J.f.O.n. 1884, p. 309,1887, p. 317. 
Adult male. Upper surface golden green, duller on the crown; 
middle of the throat and abdomen black ; sides of the neck glittering 
green, passing into glittering blue along the sides of the black 
throat; flanks dark green; under tail-coverts black tinged with 
dark greenish blue; central rectrices dark green, lateral rich purple 
edged with steel-blue; bill black. Total length 4*5 inches, wing 2*6, 
tail 1*4, bill 1-1. 
Adult female. Under surface white, with a median black stripe 
from the chin to the vent; under tail-coverts green tipped with 
white; lateral rectrices rich purple tipped with white, and with a 
wide subterminal steel-blue bar. 
Young birds are without the median black stripe, the middle of 
the under surface being wholly white. In their first plumage the 

 TB0CHILI. 

feathers of the sides of the neck and flanks are freely tipped with 
rufous. 

L. iridescens seems hardly separable from the typical L. violkauda. 
In one of types the black of the throat is overspread with a blue 
gloss, in the other this is less visible. 
Hob. South America generally from Panama to South Brazil. 

a. S 
ad.; b. $
ad. sir.
c. $ ad. sk.
d. c? ad. sk.
e-g. 6 ad.; h. Sjuv.; i. 2 ad. sk. 
/, A*. $ ad. ; /. $
ad. sk. 

m. 
d ad.; n. $
ad. sk. '
o. (S ad. sk.
p. 
$ juv.; q. ?
ad. sk. 
r. 
<$ ad.; s. $
ad. sk. 
t. 
$ ad. sk.
u-v. cf ad.; y. J
ad. sk.
-, <J ad.; a'. $
ad. sk. 
b'. $ ad.; c'. J


ad. sk. 
d'. ? ad. sk.
e'. <$ ad. sk.


j\ Juv. sk.
(/'. $ ad. sk.

V. 
6 ad.; i'. $
ad. st. 
j'jk'. tfad.; I'. 2ad. sk.
m'. <£ ad. 5 n'. $
ad. sk.
of,p'. Jad.sk.

q'. <$ ad.; r'. Jad. sk. 

L. violieauda. 
Lion Hill, Panama (M'Leaanan). 


 Paraiso Station, Panama

(Hughes). 
Oauca Valley, Colombia {T.

K. Salmon), 
Colombia (Bogota make).

 (Trinidad make.)

 Eoraiina, Brit. Guiana, Dec.

 (H. WJiitehj). 
Mexiana L, Amazon^, Dec.
(A. JR. Wallace). 
Para, Nov. (E. L. Layard). 
Santarem, Amazons.

 Cobati, Bio Xegro (A. JR.
Wallace), 
Upper Amazons {E. Barthtt).

 Pernambueo (W. A. Forbo*).

 Bahia, Brazil (Wucherer).

 Brazil (Rio make). 
Pio Claro, Goyaz, Brazil


(Jogner). 

 -— ? 
(Var. or stained specimen.) 


 Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8t-later Coll. 
Gjuld Cull. 
Gould Cull. 
Sakin-GudnLinColL 


 Salvin-Gudinan Coil. 
Tweecldale Coll 


 II. W. Bat AS X".]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman k 
Gould C_dl<. 
Salvia-Godman CV11. 

 Sah in-Gudnian Coll. 

 Gould C JR. 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 

 Gould Cull. 
Gould Coll. 
Purchased. 

L. iridescens. 
Guayaquil, Ecuador {Jameson). Gould Coll 
(Types of L. iridescens.) 
Balzar Mts., Ecuador {Ming- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
worth). 

 Puna L, Gulf of Guayaquil Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Vtllagomez). 

 Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

20 . LAMPORNIS. 
95 

3. Lamporms gramineus, 
Le Culibri a Cravate verte, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 50; And. <y 
Vieill Ois. Dor. i. p. 29, pi. 10. 
Le Hau&se-Ool vert, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 58: And. 8c Vieill 

Ois. Dor. i. p. 26, pi. 9. 
Le Oolibri a gorge verte de Cayenne, Buff. PL Enl. 671. fig. 1. 
Green-throated Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 755. 
Black-breasted Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 756. 
TrocMlus gramineus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 488; Less. Hist. Nat. Col. 

p. 52, pis. 12, 13; hid. Gen. Troch. p. x. 
Troeliilus maculattis, Gm. Syst. Nat, i. p. 488. 
Trochilus gularis, Lath. Ind. Orn. pt. i. p. 568; Vieill. N. Bid. 
dHist. N. vii. p. 349; Erie. Meth. p. 553. 
Troeliilus pectoralis, Lath. Ind. Orn. pt. 1, p. 306 ; Vieill. N. Bid. 
cTHist. N. vii. p. 851; id. Enc. Meth. p. 551. 

Lampornis gramineus, 
Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 77 (May 1858); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 65; Cab. $• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 18; Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 291 j E. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1862, p. 91 j Muls. § Verr. 
Class. Troch. i. p. 24; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 584; Finsch, 

P. Z. S. 1870, p. 562; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 148, 
iv. p. 153; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 40; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 201; Salv. Cat. 
Strickl Coll. p. 362 ; Ibis, 1885, p. 432. 
Polytmus dominicus, Leot. Ois. Trin, p. 132 (1866). 
Polytmus gramineus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 125. 

Adult male. Upper surface golden green, brighter on the lower 
back, duller on the head; throat glittering grass-green; middle of 
the abdomen black, flanks dark green; under tail-coverts greenish 
black: central rectrices dark brown with a purple gloss, lateral rich 
purple edged with steel-blue; bill black. Total length 4*8 inches, 
wing 2*85, tail 1-5. 

Adult female. Under surface white, with a black median stripe 
from the chin towards the abdomen; sides of the neck and Hanky 
green; lateral rectrices rich purple tipped with white and with a 
wide subterminal steel-blue bar. 

Young males have more or less rufous on either side of the black 
median stripe beneath; the green of the throat of the adult is usually 
first assumed on the lower part of the throat, and thence spreads 
upwards and sideways; the lateral rectrices are at first like those of 
the female. 
Hah. Venezuela, Trinidad, Guiana, and the Lower Amazon valley* 

a-d. S ad. tk. (Trinidad make.) Salviil-Godman, 
Gould, & Tweed


dale Colls. 
e. (S ad. sk. Guiana (Spence). Sclater Coll. 
f-h. $ juv.; L Deinerara. Gould Coll. 
j ad. sk. 
j . <£ ad.; h, I. <$
]\iY.;m. $ad. sk.
n S ad. sk. 
(Cayenne make.) 
t 
Mexiana Island, Amazons, 
Gould & 
Colls. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Sclater 
Dec. (A. P. Wallace). 

96 TEOCHILI. 

4. Lampornis calosoma. 
Chrysolampis ehlorolasma, Elliot, Ann. <§* May. N. H. 1S70J vi. p. 346; 
Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 259. 

Lampomis calosoma, Elliot, Ibis, 187'2, p. 351; Mids. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-3fouches, i. p. 177, iv. p. 154, pi. 15; Gould, Suppl. Trock. 
pi. 9 (Aug. 1880); Berl. J.f.O.n. 1867, p. 334. 

Crinis calosoma, Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mu*. Caen, i. p. 212. 
Oampylopterus calosoma, Mais. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202. 

Adult male. Upper surface greenish black, darker on the middle 
of the back, more purple towards the longest tail-coverts; crown 
and nape silvery purple or greenish ; whole throat glittering green ; 
rest of the under surface black, the flanks washed with dark purple ; 
under tail-coverts chestnut; tail coppery red, edged with dark 
purple; bill black. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2-5, tail 1-4, 

bill -95. 
Female. Unknown. 


Graf H. v. Berlepsch has a specimen of this bird received direct 
from Bahia. 


The position of this bird in Lampomis is questionable, as the 
feathers of the forehead are carried further along the bill and over 
the nasal coverings than in any of the more typical members of that 
genus. It has, however, the serrate maxilla of Lampomis, and the 
colour of the tail is a corroborative character. 

Hah. Brazil. 

a. (5 ad.sk. •? Salvin-Guhnaii Coll. 
5. Lampornis dominicus. 
Plastron blanc, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 61. 
Le Oolibri de St. Domingue, Buff. B. Enl 680. fig. 1, 
Polytmus dominicensis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. G72, pi. 35. fin. 4. 
Trochilus dominicus, Linn. Syst Nat. i p. 101: Gm. Si/st. Nat. i. 


p. 480. 
Grey-necked Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 701. 
Trochilus margaritaceus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 400, 
Le Hausse-col dore, Aud. $ Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. pis. 12,13. 
Polytmus aurulentus, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. ii. p. 72. 
Trochilus aurulentus, Vieill. N. Bid. d'Hist N. vii p. 350; id. Enc. 
Metli. p. 55o; Less. Hist Nat Col. p. 08, pis. 10,17,18,10; id. Iml 
Gem. Troch. p. xi; Bryant, Br. Bost Soc. N. H. si. p. 05: Sundev. 
(Efv. K. Vet-Ah. Fork. 1889, p. 600. 

Lampornis dominicus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 71; id. Eei\ Zool. 1854, p. 250; 
Elliot, Ihis, 1872, p. 349; id. Syn. Trock. p. 41 j Muk. Hist Nat 
Ois.-Mouehes, iv. p. 154; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, I p. 109Cory, 
B. Haiti $ S. Dam. p. 90 ; id. B. West Ind. p. 143. 

Lampornis margaritaceus, Bp. Consp, i. p. 72. 
Anthracothorax b. Hypophania dominica, Meich. Aufz. d. Col p 11 * 
id. Troch. Enum. p. 9, pi. 793.ff. 4845-40. 
Margarochrysis aurulenta, Reich. Avfz. d.Col. p. 11: id. Trock. Enum. 

p. 8, pi. 781. ft: 4822-23. 
Eulampis aurulentus, Bp. Bed. Zool. 1854, p. 250. 
20. EAMPOENIS. 
id. Ann. Soc. Bum. Lyon, xxii. p. 202 ; Gmidl. J. f Orn. 1878, 

p. 181; id. An. Soc. E$p. Nat. Hist. \ ii. p. 22.']. 
Polytnius aurulentus, Gray, Kand-1. B. i. p. 120. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark golden green, more bronze on 
the longest upper tail-coverts : throat glittering golden green, passing 
gradually into dark purple-black on the rebt of the under 
surface, including the under tail-coverts ; flanks green; central 
rectrices steel-blue, lateral rich purple edged with steel-blue; bill 
black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 2-8; tail, central rectrices 
1*5, lateral 1*8; bill 1-2. 

Adult female. Under surface grey; central rectrices dark green, 
lateral purple tipped with white and with a wide sub terminal steel-
blue bar. 

Young males commence their adult dress by assuming golden-green 
feathers on the middle of the throat and purple-black ones on the 
middle of the chest and abdomen; these gradually spread laterally 
until the full adult plumage is acquired. 

Hab. Island of San Domingo, including Haiti. 

a. $ 
ad.; b-d. $ Samaria, San "Domingo, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (C. G. McGnyor). 
e. <$ ad. ; f 5 San Domingo. A. Salle* [0.]. 
ad. sk. 
g. $ ad. sk. Port au Prince, Haiti, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(C. A. Younglove). 
k cJ ad. sk. San Domingo (S?mths.Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i, j. <$ ad.; k <$ San Domingo. Gould Coll. 
"juv.; 
I. $ ad. 
sk. 
m, n. <$ ad.; o. §> Puerto Plata, San Domingo, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Nov., Dec. (M. A. Frazar). 
{Cory Coll) 

p. $ skeleton. San Domingo. Gould Coll. 
G. lamponiis virginalis. 
Lampornis virginalis, Gould, Man. Trock ii. pi. 80 (Sept. 1861) j 

id. Intr. Trock p. m; ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 291. 
Polytmus virginalis, Gray, Iland-l. B. i. p. 126, 
Lampornis ellioti, Cory, Aid', vii. p. 374 (1890). 


Adult male. Similar to that of L. dominions but smaller, with less 
black on the abdomen, shorter rounded tail, the central rectrices of 
which are bronze and not steel-blue. Length of tail, central rectrices 
1*3, lateral 14. 

Young males are grey beneath, the glittering golden-green 
feathers of the throat commence to appear in the centre and spread 
to the sides. 

Hab. "West Indies, Puerto Eico, and St. Thomas 
VOL. xvi. . H 

TROCH.ILI. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Puerto^Pdco. H. Bryant y.\ 
5, c. c? ad.sk, Puerto'Rico (H. Bryant). Salvin-Godman »S: 
' Selater ColL. 
d-g. d ad.; 7i~j. St.Tkomas,W.L(A.H".P?7^). SaMn-Godman & 
S juv. sk. Sclater Colk. 
AJ. £ juv. sk. St.Thomas, W.L(^[.J5".i?«^). A. Xewton, Eaq. 


7. Lampornis prevosti. 
Trocliilus 
prevosti, Less. Sid. Xat. Col p. s7, pi. 24; zW. Iml Gen. 
TrocL p. xii; P(wc. <§• JMs. vL//z. #oc. d'Agr. Lyons, 1^43, 

p. 39. 
Lampornis prevosti, i?j?. Cows/;, i. p. 72 ; id. Her. Zool. 1*54, p. 250 ; 
6-'owW, J/0/2. 2VOC/L ii. pi. 75 (Mav lb5^j; id. Lntr. Troth, p. 05 ; 
,SvcZ. P. Z. & 1856, p. 2&9, 1>39, pp. 307, 3<3: *&/. $• *S«//r. !&&, 
1859, p. 127 ; wtf. P. X & 1870, pp. 207, 837 ; Muls. £ 7>/r. £/<«*. 
jfrw/*. p. 24 j #«/*;. I&w, ISiJO, p. 272, lb04, p. 3b0 ; 2V. CVtf. &//*M*/. 
Coll p. 302; X«ET. Ann.Lyr, X. Y. \m. p. 176; id. Bull. U.S. Xat. 
Mm. no. 4, p. 121; Mid*.*'Hist. Xat. Oi$.-Mouihe% i. p. 140, iv. 

p. 150; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203; Elliot, Syn. Truck. 
p. 39 j Ludeh-Desl. Ann. MMS. Cam. i. p. 195; Buucard, 11 Z. S. 
1883, p. 451; Sah\ Ibis, 18&9, p. 3C5. 
Anthracotkorax prevosti, P^e#. Aufz.d. Col. p. 11; /rf. Eaum. TrocL 

p. 8, pi. 792. il 4842-44. 
Polytmus prevosti, Cray, Hand-L B. i. p. 125. 
Lampornis thalassinus, liidgic. Br. Biol. Sc. Wadi. iii, p. 23. 
Lampornis prevosti thalassinus, Ridgw. Fr. U.S. Xat. Mus. A iii. 
p. 573. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green ; under surface 
glittering green; throat black, on the side< of which, and 011 the 
middle of the abdomen the green has a blue tint; under tail-
coverts purple-black, the ends of the feathers dark coppery ; central 
rectrices greenish steel-blue blacky lateral rich, purple edged with 
steel-blue ; bill black. Total length 4*5 inches, wing 2*0. tail 1*45, 
bill 1-2. 

Adult female. Under surface white, with a black median stripe 
sometimes mixed with green feathers on the lower part of the 
throat; under tail-coverts dark green tipped with white; lateral 
tail-feathers purple tipped with white, and with a wide bubterminal 
steel-blue bar. 

In young birds the sides of the neck and flanks are freely marked 
with chestnut; young males assume their adult plumage by the 
gradual spread of green feathers from the middle of the under surface 
towards the sides. The lateral rectrices in young males are 
tipped with white, sometimes tinged with chestnut 

Bab. Mexico from the State of Tamaulipas southwards, Yucatan 
and the islands of the Bay of Honduras, Guatemala, and thence 
southwards to Costa Rica, from the sear-level to a height of about 
1500 feet; Yenezuela. 

a. $ 
ad.; b* $ ad. Altamira, Tamaulipas, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. March (W. B. liichardbon). 
c. <$ ad. sk. Tampico, Tamaulipas, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{W.B.R.). 
20 . LAMPORNIS. 
99 

(h <$ ad. sk. Tantina near Tampico, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.R.). 
e,f. S ad.; g. $ Misantla, Vera Cruz, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. (F. D. Gochnan). 

h. <$ ad. sk. S. Mexico (A. Salle), Gould Coll. 
i,j. 
(S ad. sk. Northern Yucatan (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gaumer). 

h. 3 ad. sk. Meco I., Yucatan (G. F. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. tf ad. sk. Mugeres I,Yucatan (G. F. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m~u. $ ad.; i\ $ CozumelL, Yucatan (G. F. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
ID, v. $ ad,; y. $ Bonacca I., Honduras (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. G.), 
z.'S ad. sk. Belize, Brit. Honduras (Blan- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
caneiLv). 
a'~e'. 3 ad. ;/'-/*'. Santana, Peten, April (0. Sal- Salvin-Godman, 

5 ad. sk. ym). Gould,
Colls. 
& Sclater 
i't f.
5 
(3 ad. ; k'. 
ad. sk. 
Escuintla, Guatemala, Jan. (0. 
Salvin). 
Salvin-Godman 
Gould Colls. 
& 
l\ <S juv. sk.
m'. $ ad. sk. 
Guatemala (Constancia). 
Honduras? 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll 
ri. <$ ad. sk. Bebedero, Costa Rica (Area). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o'. J ad. sk. Costa Rica (Endres). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p'. 3 ad. sk. Venezuela (Spence). Sclater Coll. 

8. Lampornis heudersoni. 
Lampornis hendersoni, Cory, Auk, iv. p. 177 (1887). 
Adult male. Similar to that of L. prevosti, but the bill considerably 
shorter, and the black gular patch longer and narrower. Total 
length about 4*4 inches, wing 2'Qo, tail 1*4, bill 0*9. 

Adult femaU. Differs only in its shorter bill. 

This bird is very closely allied to L. prevosti, and probably 
only to be distinguished by its short bill. The differences of colour 
alluded to by Mr. Cory are untrustworthy when a largo series of 

L. prevosti is examined. 
Hub. Old Providence Island. 
a, h. <S ad.; c. ? Old Providence I., March (R. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Henderson). (Cory Coll.) 

9. Lampornis veraguensis. 
Lampornis veraguensis, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 70 (May 1858); 
id. Mr. Troch. p. 65 ; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Cab. # Seme, 
Mus. Hem. iii. p. 18 ; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 291; Muls. §• Jem 

Class. Troch. p. 24; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vin. p. 177, IX. 

p. 121; Salv. .P. Z. S. 1867, p. 153, 1870, p. 207; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 146, iv. p. 153; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 
sxii. p. 202; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 40; Eudes-BesL Ami. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 203. 
Anthracothorax 
y. Sericotes veraguensis, Reich* Aufi. d. Col p. 11; 
id. Troch. Enmn. p. 9, pi. 794. f. 4848. ^ 
Polytmus veraguensis, Gray, Hand4, B. i. p. 125. 

n2 

100 TEOOHILI. 

Adult male. Similar to that" of L. prevosti, but with tlie whole 
throat glittering green, not black. 
Hob. Panama from the Yolcan de Chiriqui to Calobre. 

a. S ad.; b. $
ad. sk.
c~h. S ad.; i. $ 
Yolcan de 
ew<?;f). 
Calobre, Pa 
Chiriqui (Warszenam 
a {Aree). 
Gould 011. 
(Types of th e species.) 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juy.: j , k ? 
act sk. 

10. Lampornis viridis. 
Troehilus viridis, And. fy Tieill. Ois. Dor. i. p. 39, pi. 15 : VirilL X 
Diet cVHist. K vii. p. -357; id. Em. Meth. p. 551; Le*s. Hist. 
Nat. Col. p. 50, pi. 11; Lid. Gen. Troch. p. x; Sundtv. (Efi\ K. 
Vet-Ah. Fork. 1869, p. 600. 

Lampornis viridis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 71; Goidd, Man. Troch. li. pi. 78 
(May 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 60; E. C. Taylor, lhis} 1-04. p. 169; 
Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 24; Elliot, Ibis. 1*72, p. 348; id. 
Syn. Troch. p. 40; Muls. Hint. Nat. Ois.-Mouche% i. p. 172 ; GUMII. 

J. f. Orn. Ib78, p. 180; id. An. Sue. JBsp. Nat Hist vii. p. 222 ; 
Cory. B. West Ind. p. 144. 
Agyrtria b. Chalyhura viridis, Meick. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Tmeh. 
Enum. p.7, pi. 765. ££. 4771-72. 
Chalybura viridis, Muls. Ann. Soc. Li?in. Lyon, xxIL p. 203; id. Ilht. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, iv. p. 157; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Cam,\. 

p. 204. 
Polytmus viridis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 125. 
Adult male. Upper surface bronzy green; under surface glittering 
grass-green; tail steel-bine, narrowly tipped with white; ME 
black. Total length 4 inches, wing 2*5, tail 1*45, bill 1*1. 

Adult female. Middle tail-feathers bronze-green, under surface 
pale grey, lateral rectrices greenish steel-blue tipped with white 
and with the shafts with the webs adjoining towards the base 
whitish. 

The yovng "male is dull dark green beneath, the glittering 
feathers being first shown on the throat. 
Hah. "West Indies, Puerto Rico and St. Thomas. 

a. (3 ad. sk. Puerto Eico. II. Brvant "IV. 
b. J ad. sk. Puerto Eico (H. Bryant). Selater Coll. 
c. S ad. sk. Puerto Eico (Boarder). Gould Coll. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Puerto Eico, May(J&. C.Taylor). Gould Coll. 
e. <$ ad. sk. Puerto Eico (G!Latimer). Salvin-Gudmau Cull. 
/. 2 acl- sk. Puerto Eico. Smith*,. Inst. [P.". 
g. $ ad. sk. S t Thomas (A. H Biise). Selater Coll. 
21 . PINAROUSMA.—22. AVOCETTULA. 10] 
21. POTAROMIIMA. 
Typo, 

Pinarohema, Gould, Ann, # Mag, N. H 1880, y. p. 489 . P. buckleyi. 
Range. Bolivia. 

1. Piuarolsema buckleyi. 
Pinaroloenia 
buckleyi, Gould, Ami. fy Mag, N, H.1880, v. p, 489 ; 
id. Mon. Troch. Suppl. pi. 8 (Aug. 1880). 

Adult? Brown, with a purplish gloss on the back, upper tail-coverts 
brown ; tail-feathers brown glossed with purple, and with a subterminal 
bar of steel-blue; under surface brown, apparently tinged 
with metallic olive-green ; under tail-coverts whitish, washed with 
brown at the base; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, 
wing 2*95, tail 1-85, bill 1-2. 

Only known from the type, an abraded specimen, from which the 
plumage of the freshly-moulted bird can only be conjectured, as has 
been done in Gould's plate. The serrated tomia of both maxilla 
and mandible show that this bird has no relationship with 
Oreoiroehilus but rather with Lamjpomis, an alliance borne out by 
the colour of the tail. 

Bab. Bolivia. 

a. Ad.? Misqui, Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
22. AVOCETTULA. 
Ty.pe. 
Avocettula, Reich. Av. Sijst. pi. 39 (1849) A. recurvirostris. 
Avocettinus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 75 (1850) (nee Rev. 

Zoolim) ; A. recurvirostris. 
Streblorhaniphus, Cab. fy Heine, Mm. Hem. iii. 
p.76(1860) A. recurvirostris. 

Range. Guiana. 

1. Avocettula recurvirostris. 
Trochilus recurvirostris, Sw. Zool. III. ii. pi. 105; Less. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxvi, 129, pi. 37; Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 98; 
Lid. Gin. Troch. p. ix. 

Mellisuga recurvirostris, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool xiv. p. 248. 
Ornismya recurvirostris, Less. Suppl Ois.-Mouches, p. 166, pi. 34. 
Trochilus avocetta, Less. Ind. Gin. Troch. p. ix. 
Ornismya avocetta, Less. Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 145, pi. 24. 
Campylopterus recurvirostris, Sw. Class. B. ii. p. 3.'i0. 
Hylocharis avocetta, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114. 
Avocettinus recurvirostris, Bp. Consp. Av.i. p. 75. 
Avocettinus lessoni, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 75. 
Avocettinus carolus, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 250. 
Avocettula recurvirostris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 6 ; id.Troch. Mium. 


p S pi. 679. if. 4487-9 ; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 25G; Gould, Mon. 
Troch iii. pi. 201 (May 1856); id. Mr. Troch. p. 114; Muls. $ Verr. 

102 
TKOCHILI. 

Class. Troch. p. 52; Muls. Hist. Kat. Ois.-Moitcliet, ii. p. 202; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 214• Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 102; 
Salw Ibis, 1885, p. 433. 

Streblorhamphus reeurvirostris, Cat. # Heine, Jfia*. Htin. lib p. 7G. 
Hylocharis recurvirostris. Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 151. 

-4$wZ* waZ<?. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, duller on 
the crown ; throat and breast glittering green but not very bright: 
middle of the abdomen black; flauks and under tail-co\ erts washed 
with green; central rectrices dark bronzy green, lateral coppery 
purple, beneath fiery coppery red• bill black. Total length about 
3*5 inches, wing 2-25, tail 1*1, bill 0*75. 

Adult female. Under surface white, a median line black : tlie sides 
of the neck and ilanks shining green ; lateral rectrices blue-black 
tipped with white. 

Young male. Like the female, but with the base^ of the lateral 
rectrices beneath on the inner webs fiery coppery red, the glittering 
green of the throat begins to appear in the middle and thence to 
spread over the white portion on either side. 

Hab. Guiana. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Aug. (II. Whitehj). 
b, c. J ad. j d. <$ Guiana. Salvin-Godmtm \ 
juv. • e. $ ad. Gould ColL. 
sk. 

f. $ ad. sk. 
Pureka-ed. 
23. EULAMEES. _ 
xype. 
Eulampis, Boie, Isis} 1831, p. 547 E. jngulaxk 
Anthraeothorax y. Sericotes, Belch. Aufz. d. Cul 


p. 11 (1854) E. iiuLfeeiieeu-. 
Range. Lesser Antilles, from the Virgin Islands to St. Vincent. 
Key to the Species. 

a. Wings shining green • throat rich shining ^ incurred 
jngulark. p. 10:2. 
b. Wings dark purple-black ; throat glittering grass-
green ......... hohberkeus, p. 104. 
1. Eulampis jugularis. 
Red-breasted Humming-bird, Edw. Gleanings, ii. pi. 266. %. 2; Lath. 
Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 753. 
Le Grenat, Buff. Hist. Nat Ois. \l p. 48; Ami §• Jleili. Ois. Dor. 

i. p. 20, pi. 4. 
Colibri violet, Birff. Hist. Kat. Ois. vi. p. 57. 
Colibri violet de Cayenne, Buff. PI EnL 000. fig. 2. 
Colibri a gorge carmin, Bvff. Hist. Kat. Ois. \i. p. &>. 
Violet Iluinming-bird, Lath. Syn. i pt. 2, p. 750. 
Garnet-throated Humming-bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 27 p. 752; pi. 24. 
Polytmus cayennensis violaeeus, Briss. 6m. iii. p. 0&3? pi 35. fig. 3, 
23 . ETJLAMPIS. 103 
TrocMlus jugularis, Linn. Syst. Fat. i. p. 190; Gm. Syst. JSrat. i. 

p. 489. 
TrocMlus auratus, Gm. Si/si. Fat. i. p. 487; Less. Hint, Fat. Col 
p. 46, pi. 10; Ind. Gen. Troch. p. viL 
TrocMlus bancrofti. Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 317 ? 
Trocliilus venustissimus, Gm. Syst. Fat. i. p. 490 ? 
TrocMlus cyanomelas, Gm. Si/si. Fat. I p. 498 ? 
Trocliilus auratus, yar. ft Gm. Syst. Fat. i. p. 487. 
Trocliilus violaceus, Gm. Syst. Fat. i. p. 488 ; Vieill, F. Diet d'Hfat 
_ F. yii. p. 358,- id. Enc. Meth. p. 552. 
CertMa prasinopt^ra, Sparrm. Mm, Carls, ii. pi. 81. 
Trocliilus granatinus, Vieill F. Diet cFHist F. vii. p. 350. 
Eulampis jugularis, Reich. Aufc. d. Col p. 11; id. Troch. Enum. p. 9, 


pi. 796. if. 4851-52 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 72; id. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 250; 
Gould, Won. Troch. ii. pi. 82 (Sept. 1857); id. Intr. Troch. p. 67; 
Cab. # Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 17; Sol Cat Am. B. p. 291; id. 

P. Z. S. 1871. p. 272; E. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1864, p. 169; Muls. $ Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 45; Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 352; id. Syn. Troch. p. 43; 
Semper, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 651; Muls. Hist. Fat Ois.-Mouches, ii, 
p. 131, iy. p. 200; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 210 ; Later. Br. 
U.S. Fat Mus. L pp. 60,192, 358, 458; Lister, Ibis, 1880, p. 42; 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 182; Grisdale, Ibis, 1882, 
p. 489; Cory, Ibis, 1886, p. 475; id. B. West Indies, p. 145. 
Poly trails jugularis, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 130. 
Eulampis jugularis eximius, Berl. Ibis, 1887, p. 294. 
Adult male. Upper surface yelvety black, upper and under tail-
coy erts glittering bluish green ; wings shining greeu, rather brighter 
on the coyerts than on the quills; under surface from the chin to 
the chest rich shining vinous-red, abdomen black; tail greenish 
black; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 3, tail 1*5, 
bill 1. 

Adult female. Precisely like the male except that the bill is 
longer (1-2) and more arched. 
Hah. West Indies, Windward Islands from Nevis to S t Vincent. 

a. i ad.; b. $ Nevis, West Indies. T. 0. Cottle [P.]. 
ad. sk. 
c-f. Ad. sk. Nevis. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
y. <s ad. sk. • St. Kitts, W. I , March (C. S. Salvin-Godman Coll 
Winch). (C. B. Cory Coll) 
h. <$ ad. sk. Guadeloupe, W. L, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(F. A. Ober). 
I S ad. ;j, k $ Dominica, W. I. (F. A. Ober). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Sclater Colls. 
I 2 ad. sk. Dominica, Jan. (Ramar/e). West India Expl. 
Conim. 
m-p. S ad. sk. Landat, Dominica, April West India Expl. 
(Ramaye). Comm. 
q, r. Ad. sk. Martinique (E. C. Taylor.) Sclater & Gould 
Colls. 
s. Ad. sk. Martinique, Nov. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson). (C.B. Cory Coll.) 
t-v. Ad. sk. Sta. Lucia, W. I. {Semper). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

104 
TEOCHILI. 

w. 
9 ad. sk. Sta. Lucia, April (Ramage). We*t India Expl. 
Comm. 
x. Ad. sk. St. Vincent (C. B. Cory). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
y. Ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
2. Eulampis holosericens. 
Black-bellied green Humming-bird, Edic. i. pi. 30. 
Avis auricoma niexicana, Seba, Thes. i. pi. 99. fig. 4, 
Colibri vert et noir, Buff. Hist. Xat. Ois.ji. p. 23. 
Poh tinus inexicanns, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 076, pi. 35. fig. 2. 
Trocbilus liolosericeus, Linn. Syst. Xat. i. p. 191: Gm. St/bt. Xat. I 


p. 491• Lath. Lid. Orn. i. p. 305 ; Vieill X. Diet. tTffi< X. ui. 
p. 357 ; id. Enc. Metli. p. 551: Less. Hist. Xat. Col p. 70, pi. 20: 
id. Lid. Gen. Troch. p. xi. 
Black-bellied Humming-bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2. p. 754. 
Le Vert et Xoir, And, et Vieill, Ois. Bar. i. p.'22, pi. 0. 
Eulampis holosericeu&,i?p. Co;^;. i. p. 72 ; zVZ. Iter. Zoo/. 1854, p. 250; 

Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 63 (Sept. 1857); id. Intr. Troch. p. US; 
Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 291; id. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 272, 1874, p. 175: 
j£ C. Taylor, Ibis, 1864, p. 170 ; 3Iuh\ $? Verr. Chi^. Troch. p. 45 ; 
Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. So ; id. Syn. Troch. p. 42; & utj.t r, IJ. Z. 8. 1 ^72, 

p. 651 j Salv. Ibis, lb73, p. 334; «?. Cat. Stridd. roll, p. 3r;J; » . 
IT/atf. ifVrf. Ois.-Motwlws, ii. p. 134, h . p. 200; //?. A/m. Soc. L'nn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 211; Later. IJr.V. 8. Xat. 31m. I pp. W, 192, Xti. 
240, 272, 358, 458; ZiVer, /£w, 16&0, p. 42; Gri-dah, Ibis. 
1882, p. 4K); Cor?/, Ife 18S0, p. 472 ; ///.£. If W Jwtt s, p. 14(1 
Anthracothorax y. Seicotes liolosericeus, Reich. Ai/fz. d. Col. p. 11; 

id. Troch. Emm. p. 9, pi. 794. fig. 4847. 

Anthracothorax y. Seicotes chluro&mus, Reich* Aufz. d. Col. p. 11. 

Eulampis cliloruhemus, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1^54, p. 250 (KC Gould, 318.); 

Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 84 (Sept. 1857) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 08: 

A. $ E. XeivtonK Ibis, 1859, p, 138 ; Scl. Cat. Am.B. p. 291. 
LampornL liolosericeus, Cab.ty Heine, 3L^t Hex a. iii. p. 17; GundL 
J.f.O.n. 1878, p. 181. 
Lampornis chlorolsenius, Cfefi. 4' Heine, 3Ius. Hein. iii. p. 17. 
Eulampis longirostris, Gould. Intr. Troch. p. 09. 
Poly tmus holo&ericeus et chlorolamius, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. ISO. 
Sericotes liolosericeus, Eudes-Besl. Ana. 31m. Caen, L p. 185. 
Sericotes longirostris, Eudes-Besl. Ann. 31m. Caen, i. p. 180. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining golden green, upper and 

under tail-coverts glittering greenish blue; wings purple-black; 

tail dark steel-blue ; under surface from the chin to the cheat glit


tering grass-green, chest glittering blue; abdomen black, glossed 

especially on the flanks with green ; bill black. Total length about 

4*5 inches, wing 2*3, tail 1*4, bill 1. 

Adult female. Precisely like the male. 

Eulampis chlorolcemus of Gould was founded upon 2sevis specimens, 
which are described as " having a deeper and lebs luminous green 
throat, and the blue patch on the breast dilated into a band of 
blue extending across the chest." With the series before me I do 
not see how the species is susceptible of any definite division. 
The types of E. longirostris, which are also before me, are in a bad 
state, and do not justify the supposition that they belong to a 
distinct species. The bill is rather longer than usual, but as the 

24 . PETASOPHOKA.. 
10f) 
"bill of the female of E. jugular is is longer than that of the male, 
the variation in these specimens may be duo to their being females. 
But this view is hardly borne out by dissected specimens. 

Sab. West Indies, from St. Thomas to Barbadoes. 

a. Ad. sk. St. Thomas, Dec. (0. Salvin). Salvin-Godruan Coll. 
b-g. Ad. sk. St. Thomas (A. H. Muse), Salvin-Godman, 
Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 

h. Ad. sk. St. Thomas (A. E. Riise). A. Newton,Esq. [P.]. 
i. cjad.sk. Castle Burke. St. Croix. June A. Newton,Esq.|P. I. 
(A. N.). 
j. Ad. sk. St. Croix, Jan. (C. 8. Winch). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(C. B. Cory Coll) 
h. <$ ad sk. St. Croix, July (0. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/, m. $ ad. sk. Virgin Gorda, Nov. (C. 8. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Winch). (C.B.Cory Coll.) 
n, o. Ad. sk. St. Kitts, March, Dec. (Arm- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
^ strong). (C, B. Cory Coll.) 
p-u> Ad. sk. Nevis. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

v. <5 ad.; w. g Guadeloupe, Feb., Sept. Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. (F. A. Ober). Sclater Colls. 
a,. Ad. sk. Dominica (E. C. Taylor). Sclater Coll. 

y. $ ad. j z. ? Dominica, April (Ramage). West India Expl. 
ad. sk. Comm. 
a'. Ad. sk. Martinique. Sclater Coll. 

V. 
Ad. sk. Martinique, Nov. (IP. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson). (C. B, Cory Coll.) 
c', a". Ad. sk. Sta. Lucia (Semper). Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
e\ $ ad. sk. Sta. Lucia, April (Eamage). West India Expl. 
Comm. 
/' . Ad. sk. Barbadoes (Briggs). Sclater Coll. 
g'. Ad. sk. Barbadoes. Gould Coll. 
h'. Ad. sk. Gould Coll. 

(Type of E. hngirostns, Gould.) 
$-n'. Ad. sk. [Nevis.] Gould Coll. 
</. Ad. sk. Nevis. W. Cottle [P.]. 

(Type of E. chlorolmnms, Gould.) 
p'. Ad. sk. Purchased. 
q', r'. Skeletons. Purchased. 

24. PETASOPHOEA. 
Type. 
Colibri, Spiv, Av. Bras. i. p. 80 (1824) P. serrirobtris. 
Petasophora, G. B. Gray, List Gen. B. p. 13 (1840).. P. serrirostris. 
Trochilus (Coeligena), Tsch. Faun. Per. p. 89 (1844).. P. iolata. 
Trochilus (Lophorni&j, Tsch. Faun. Per. p. 39 P. serrirostris. 
Petasophora y. Praxilia, Reich. Aufss. d. Col. p. 13 

(1854) P. iolata. 
Petasophora 0. Telesiella, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 
(1854) • P- delphiiiEe. 
Telesilla, Cab. § mine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 27 (1860).. P. delpkince. 
Range. Southern Mexico, Central America, and South America 
generally to Bolivia and South Brazil. 

106 TROCHILT. 

Key to the Sptcies. 
a. General plumage shining green. 
a', Under tail-coverts -White; ear-pinnies glittering 
purple serrirostris. p. 100. 
b'. Under tail-coverts dusky, -washed with green: 
ear-plumes glittering blue. 
a". Chin glittering blue. 
a'". Middle of the throat glittering green. 
aK Forehead dull green "
IK Forehead blue//". Middle of the throat glitteiing reddish 
iolatrt. p. 107. 
gtrmana. p. 105. 
bronzeb". Chin glittering green like the throat. 
d". Abdomen bluecT". Abdomen greenb. General plumage brown 
coruscons. p. 3Oil. 
thalasbina, p. 100. 
ryauoti^ p. 110. 
delpldiKP, p. 111. 

1. Petasopliora serrirostris, 
Trochilus serrirostris, VieilL N. Bid. cTIfist. N. "\ii. p. 359; id. Ene. 
Metlu p. 561; Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-MoiN hes, Svppl. p. 00. 
Trochilus petasophora, Wied, Item*, ii. p. 101; Bntr. iv. p. 70; 

Temm. PL Col 203. fig. 3: Lets. Ind. Ghi. Truch. p. ^ii. 
Colibri cri^pus, Sjjix, Ai\ Bras. i. 80, pi. 81. 
Grypus vieilloti, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. ZooL "six. p. '2*~>G. 
Ornismya petasophora, Bess. Hi^t. Nit. Oi\-lfouchc,% pp. xxxviii, 

87, pi i. 
Trochilus (Lophornifc) petasophora*.. Tseh. Fauna Per. p. 245. 
Petasophora serrirostris, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. £; id. lion. Trodi.lw 

pi. 223 ('Mav 1853) ; id. Intr. Track, p. 124 ; Bp. Coa*p. i. p. 09: id. 
Bev. ZooL 1854, p. 250: Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13: Cab. $• Heine, 
If us. FLein. hi. p. 25 ; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 300 ; llvls. tV Terr. Class. 
Troch. p. 48; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 28; Beinh. Vidauh. Mnld.XaL 
For. Kjob. 1870, p. 105 ; Elliot, Ibis. 1S76T p. 400, 1877, p. 137; 
id. Syn. II. Birds, p. 52; Muh. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 153, 

iv. p. 202; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 211; ScL 4* Said. 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 029 ; Salv. Cat Stfield. Coll p. 306; Evdts-Desl 
Ami. Mus. Caen, i, p.' 306; Scl. 4'* Hi/ds. Arq. Orn, ii.p. 3 ; Allen. 
Bull. Am. Mm.N. H. ii. p. 258. 
Petasophora gouldi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 69. 
Petasophora chalcotis, Licht MS., Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Petasophora crispa, Bwrm. Syst. Feb. ii. p. 335; id. J. f. Onu 1800, 


p. 244; id. La-Plata Beise, ii. p. 447. 
Polytmus serrirostris, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 127. 
Adult male. Upper surface pale grass-green; undor .surface 
shining green, the throat glittering, each feather with a dark centre 
and a shining edge; ear-plumes glittering purple; under tail-coverts 

•white ; central rectrices bluish green, lateral the same with a wide 
submarginal band; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 
2*8; tail, central rectrices 1-0, lateral 1*7; bill 0*9. 
Female. Similar to the male; the outermost pair of rectrices 
whitish towards the end of the outer web. 

24 . PETASOPHORA. 
Young birds have the feathers widely margined with buff: the 
sides of the throat whitish. The plumage of the adult first appears 
on the throat and ear-plumes. 

Hal. Eastern, Central, and Southern Brazil; Bolivia. 

a. $ ad. sic. Bakia, Brazil, Gould Coll. 
b. $ ad. sir. Brazil {Rogers). Gould Coll. 
c-g. <$ ad.; h. d Brazil (Rio make). Salvin-Godman & 
, juv. sk. Gould Colls. 
i. 
(S ad. sk. Goyaz, Brazil, Aug. (Nat- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
terer). 
/, k (3 juv.; I Brazil. Gould Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 
m-q. c^ad-j r-v. Chapada, Matto Grosso, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
? ad. sk. to Sept. (H. II. Smith). 
2V. $ ad.; x. $ Coroico, Bolivia (D. Fortes). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
!/- Ad. sk. Purchased. 

2. Petasophora iolata. 
Rhamphodon anais, less. Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 140, pi. 55 (nee Ornismya 
anais, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, Suppl. p. 104, pi. 3). 
Petasophora anais, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 8; id. Mon. Troch. iv. 

pi. 224 (May 1853) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 124; Bp. Rev. Zoo!. 1854, 

p. 250; Cab. $ Heme, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 20; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 306; 
3Iuls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 49 j Laivr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 237; 
Scl # Sab. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 782, 1870, pp. 529', 029 ; Wyatt, Ibis, 
1871, p. 378; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 541, 1879, p. 237, 1880, 
p. 204; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-M'ouches, ii. p. 144, iv. p. 201; id. 
Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 211; Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. 50; id. 
Ibis, 1876, p. 403; Sah. $ Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 173 ; Eudes-Desl 
Ann. Mas. Caen, i. p. 257; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 367; Berl. § 
Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 303,1885, p. 104. 
Petasophora iolata, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 9; id. Hon. Troch. iv. 
pi. 225 (May 1853); id. Intr. Troch. p. 124; id. P. Z. S. 1870, 

p. 803; Scl. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 459, 1859, p. 145, 1860, pp. 81, 94; 
id. Cat. Am. B. p. 306; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 26; 
Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 48; Scl. 8f Sah. P. Z. S. 1867, 
p. 988, 1868, p. 569; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 541; Eudes-Desl 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 259; Berl J. f. Orn. 1887, p. 318. 
Colibri jolata, Bp. Consjp. i. p. 69. 
Colibri anais, Bp. Consjp. >i. p. 69. 
Petasophora y. Praxilla iolata, Reich. Aufz. d. Co„. p. 13 
Petasophora y. Praxilla anais, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 
Polytmus anais and iolata, Gray, Hanot-l. B. i. p. 127 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green ; under surface 
glittering green, feathers of the throat with dark centres and glittering 
borders; chin, cheeks, and elongated ear-plumes and middle 
of the abdomen rich shining blue; under tail-coverts pale green, 
edged with dusky white; central rcctrices shining olive-green, 
lateral steel-blue, all with a subterminal dark band; bill black. 
Total length 5*4 inches, wing 3-2 ; tail, middle rectrices 1*75, 
lateral 2-15 : bill 1-2. 

108 
TKOCHILI. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. 

Young birds have the feathers hoth above and below conspicuously 
edged with fulvous; the blue auricular plumes and the blue throat 
are assumed at a very early age, the glittering green feathers at a 
later period. 

The original description of Omismya anais, Less., seems to 
have been bestowed upon the Mexican P. thalassiaa, with which 
the South-American P. idlata was afterwards confused by lesson. 
The latter has usually been called P. anals, but as this seems inadmissible 
the name P. ana is bad best be dropped altogether in favour 
of P. iolata. 

Hah, Andes of South America from Venezuela to Bolivia. 

a. Ad. ak. Merida. Venezuela (GoerintfS. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
b, c. Juv. sk. Valley of Aragua. Venezuela. E. By?on TV. 
d, e. <$ ad. sk. San Sebastian, Sierra Nevada Salvin-Godman Coll, 
de Sta. Marta, Colombia, 
June, July (F. Simons). 
/ . Ad. sk. Sierra Nevada de Sta Marta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (F. Simon*). 

g. Ad. sk. Medellhi, Colombia (T. IC Salvin-Godmnn Coll. 
Salmon). 
h~n. S 
ad.; o~q. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Juv. sk. Gould Colk 


r. Ad.; s. Juv. sk. Banos, Ecuador (Bvcldey). Gould Coll. 
t, u. Ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (IhtcMey). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colk. 
v, w. Ad.; x. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
y9 z. S ad.; a', b!. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
§ ad. sk. 
c'j d\ Ad. sk. Ecuador (Fraser). Gould &• Sclater 


Coils. 
e'. $ ad. sk. Tinta, Peru, June (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

WJiitehJ). 

/' . Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(jA\ Ad. sk. Yimgasj Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 

f. Ad. sk. Bohvia (D. Forbes). Sclater Coll. 
'h1,1'. Ad. sk. Purchased. 
3. Petasophora germaEa. 
Petasophora anais, Cab. hi Schomb. Feise Guiana^ iii. p. 707 ? 
Petasophora gemiana, Sah\ 6' Godm. Ibis, Xb84. p. 451; Salv. Ibia, 
1885, p. 431; Sharpe in GonhTs Suppl Troeh pi. 11 (Mar. 38*7). 

Adult male. Similar to that of P. iolata, but with the throat of a 

darker bluer tint, the forehead also is blue. 
Adult female. Similar to the male. 
Hab. Guiana, Boraima Mts., at an altitude of about 5000 to 6000 

feet. 

a, c? ad.; b. $ ad. Boraima, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll 
sk, Aug. (J2". Whitely), (Types of species.). 

24 . PETASOPHORA. 
109 

4. Petasophora coruscans. 
Trocliilus (Petasopliora) coruscans, Gould, P. Z, 8. Ib46, p. 44. 
Petasopliora coruscans. Gould, P. Z. S.1847, p. 9 ; id. Man. Troch. iv. 
pi. 226 (May 1853);' id. Intr. Troch. p. 125; Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 251; Mids. <§• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 49 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1870, p. 405 ; 
id. 8ya. Troch. p, 51; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 2G1: 
Berl J. f. Orn. 1887, p. 318. 
Petasopliora y. Praxilla coruscans, Reich. Aufa. d. Col. p. 13, 
Colibri coruscans, Bp. Consp. i. p. 69. 

Adult male. Similar to that of P. iolata, but with the middle of 
the throat glittering reddish bronze, the middle of the abdomen rich 
dark blue, the under tail-coverts pale greenish widely bordered with 
rufous. 

An obscure species if really distinct from P. iolata. Mr. Elliot 
possessed a second specimen precisely like the type, which he found 
in a large trade collection sent from Bogota. He also obtained 
another specimen of Petasopliora with a fiery patch on the throat, 
but differing from P. coruscans. He described it as P. riibrigularis 
as follows :— 

" Upper and under surface shining grass-green, with a faint tinge 
of blue in the centre of the abdomen. Line under the eye and ear-
coverts deep blue; chin greenish blue; throat metallic pink. Under 
tail-coverts bright buff. Wings purplish brown. Tail light bronze-
green, with a subterminal blackish-brown bar. Bill and feet black. 
Total length 4g in.; wing 2§ in.; tail 2 in.; culmen f in." 

Hah. Unknown; supposed to be Colombia. 
a. <$ ad. ? ? Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
5. Petasophora thalassina. 

Trochilus thalassinus, 8w. Phil Mag. new ser. i. p. 441. 
Omismya anais, Less. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 8uppl. p. 104; pi. 3 

(orig. descr. of 0. anais); Ind. Gin. Troch. p. ix (partim). 
Bhamphodon anais, Less. Hist Nat. Troch. p. 148, pi. 56. 
Petasophora thalassina, Gould, P. Z. S.1847, p. 8; Mon. Troch. iv, 
pi. 227 (May 1853) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 125 j Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 250: Scl P, Z. 8.1858, p. 297, 1859, pp. 367, 386; id. Cat. Am. 
B. p. 306; id. P. Z. S.1864, p. 177; 8cL § 8ah. Ibis, 1859, p. 127; 
8alv. Ibis, 1859,p. 468,1860, pp. 195,260,263 ; Muk. $ Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. 48 ; Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 27; Laior. Pr. Bost. 
8oc. N. H. xiv. p. 284; id. Mem. Bost 8oc. N. H. ii. p. 292 ; Mids. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 148, iv. p. 102; id. Arm. 8oc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 211; Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 404; id. Syn. Troch. p. 51; 
Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U.S. Nat Mus. ix. p. 157. 
Colibri thalassina, Bp. Consp. i. p. 69. 
Petasophora y. Praxilla thalassina, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Polytmus thalassinus, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 127. 


Adult male. Upper and under surface dark shining grass-green; 
throat glittering green, the centre of each feather darker; middle of 
the abdomen rich blue ; under tail-coverts greenish with buff 

110 
TBOCHILI. 

margins ; a line under the eye from the base of the Lili and the cur-
plumes rich glittering hlue ; central rectriccs LIuLJi green, the 
lateral light steel-blue, all with a dark subterminal band: bill black. 
Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2*7, tail 1*7, bill 1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. 

The young has dull green feathers, widely e%ecl with buf on the 

upper and grey on the under surface; the bright feathers of the 

adult appear first on the throat and ear-plunieb. 

Hah. Highlands of Southern Mexico and Guatemala. 

a. Ad. sk. Mexico (Floren). Gould Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Mexico (Boucard). Gould Cull. 
c. d. Ad.; e,f. Mexico. Gould Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
(j. Ad. sk. Valley of Mexico. Sulvin-Gudman Cull. 
h-j. S 
ad.; Jc-m. Aju&co, Valley of Mexico, Sept. S.ilvin-Gi dnuiu Cull. 
' J ad. sk. \ W. B. Richardson), 


n. S jiiv.sk. Hacienda Esla\ a, Vali.uf Mexico, Suhin-Gudniau Cull. 
Feb. {F. Ferrari-Perez,. 
o, cf ad. bk. Teteleo, Tall, of Mexico, Aug. Sahm-GudmanColL 


(F. Ferrari-Perez). 
p. J iuv. sk. Ileal del Monte, Mexico. Oct. Sah in-Gudman Coll. 
1 J (W.B.R.). 
q, $ ad. sk. Montana de Orizaba, Mexico, Salvm-Uodnian Coil. 
May (F. Ferrari-Perez). 

r. S 
ad. sk. Totontepec, Oaxaca, Mexico, Salvin-Guduian Coll. 
Feb. (M. TrujUh). 
s. Ad. sk. Oaxaca {Fenochio). Salvin-Godman Col!. 
t, Juv. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (M. Tritjillu). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Quezaltenango, Guatemala, Salvln-Gudiiian Cull. 
Aug, (0. 8.). 
v-y* S ad.; ^, San Martin, Quezalteiiango, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
a!. $ ad. bk. (W. B. Richardson). 
b'. S ad. sk. Cuipache, Quezaltenango, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. R.). 
c. 
$ ad. sk. Mts. of Chilasco, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (O. &$F. B. G.). 
^'.Jad.; e. $ad. Duenas, Guatemala, Oct. (O. 8. Salvin-Godman Coll 
sk. $ F. I). G.). 
f'-i'. 
$ ad. sk. Volean de Fuerro, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman & 
July, Sept., Nov. (O. 8. # Sclater Coils. 

F. B. G.). 
6. Petasophora cyaaotis. 
Omismya anais, Less. Hisi. Nat. Track, p. 151, pi. 57. 
Trochilus cyanotus, Bourc. $ Muls. Ann, 8c. Phys. ei Nat. Lyon. 


vi. p. 41 (1843); iid. Rev. Zool. 184% p. 101. 
Petasophora cvanotus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 8: id. 2Ion. Track 
iv. pi. 228 (May 1853). 
Colibri cyanotis, Bp, Camp* i. p. 69. 
. $* Heine, 
Cat Am. B. 

p. 30t>; Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 125; id. P. Z. S. Ife70. p. bt)3: Cad. 
J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 162; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Track p. 49 ; Sel. $ 
24 . PETASOPHOKA. 
Ill 

Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 161), 1870, p. 782,1879, pp. 530, &2U; .JWwte. 
J", f. Orn. 1861), p. 316; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 210; Wyatt, Ibis, 
1871, p. 377 ^Whitely, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 781; Mnls. kist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 150, pi. 41, iv. p. 202; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 211; Elliot, Ibis, 1870, p. 404 ; id. Syn. II. Birds, p.*51; 
Boucard, P. Z. 8 1878, p. 69; Tacz. P. Z. S.1879, p. 251; id. Orn. 
Per. i. p. 369; Salv. <§• Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 173; Endes-Desl. Ann. 
Mus. Caen, i. p. 264; Nutting, Pr. II. 8. Nat. 3Ius. v. p. 500 ; 
Berl Sf Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 303; Berk J. f. Orn. 1887, p. 318. 
Petasopliora eabanidis, Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 182. 
Petasophora cabanisi, Lawr, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 126. 
Poly turns cyanotus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i p. 127. 


Adult male. Very like that of P. thalassina, but with the whole 
of the abdomen shining green, and not blue in the middle as in the 
allied species. 

Central American specimens (P. cabanidis, Heine) are a little 
darker on the abdomen, and the bright feathers of the throat appear to 
extend further over the chest than in South-American examples. 

Hob. Mountains of Costa Eica and Panama, and the Andes of 
South America from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

a. $ ad. sk. Orosi, Costa Rica (Kramer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b, c. cS ad.; d. J Irazu, Costa Rica (Rogers). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

e. J ad. sk. Costa Rica (Ca?miol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f,g. 
tfad.; h. $ Costa Rica (Endives). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

i. Ad. sk. Costa Rica. Gould Coll. 
h-m. d ad. sk. Volcan de Chiriqui (Arci). Salviu-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 

n. c? ad. sk. Chitra, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o,p. 
tfad,; q. $ Calovevora, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

r. 
c? ad. sk. Minca, Sierra Nevada de Sta. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, Colombia, Jan. 25 
(F. 8imons). 
s. 
<$ ad. ak. San Sebastian, Sierra de Sta. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, July 25 (F. Simons). 
t-y. tfad.; z, a!. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
?ad. sk. Gould Colls, 
b'. 3 ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

cl. d ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
d'} e'. $ ad. sk. Valley of Aragua, Venezuela. Dyson [0.1. 
f,g\ <$&&.; h',ir.Bafios, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
$ad. sk. 
/ . 5 a<i- sk. Huasampilla, Peru, April (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitely). 
h'. § ad. sk. Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Buckley). 
KtfatL; m'.$ad. 
Yungas, Bolivia (Btwkley). Gould Coll. 
sk. 

Petasophora delphmse. 

Ornismya delphinse, Less. JRev. Zool. 183J, p. 41; id. III. Zuol. pi. 64. 
Petasophora delphina^, Gould, P. Z, 8. 1847, p. 9; id. Mon. Troch. iv. 

132 
TBO CHILI. 

pi. 229 (May 1853); id. Mr. Troch. p. 125; id. P. Z. S. 1570, p. *03; 

, p. t&t : n tritely, B. Z. #. IS y, p. 
H^ . J\T«£. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 157, iv. p. 202: zV. .1«/L £W. Linn. 
Li/on, xxii. p. 211; Elliot, Ibis. 1876. p. 400 : id. tit/a. Track* p. 52 : 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 208; Twz. P. Z #. 1552, p. 37; 
id. Orn. Per. i. p. 371; Berl. J. f. 0. 1SS4, p. mi 1^7, p. 31*. 

Colibri delpliinse, Bp. Consp. i. p. 09. 
Petasopliora fi. Tele>illa delphinae, Reich. Aiffz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Telebilla delphinse, Cab. # ifrw*\ 3iV>\ ifr//*. ill. p. 27. 
Polytmiib delphinse, Leot. Oh. Trin. p. 134 (18001. 
Polytinus delphinse, Gray, Ilnnd-l. B. I. p. 127. 


Adult male. Upper surface brown, upper tail-coverts widely margined 
with rufous; lores pale buff; a stripe below the eye and ear-
plumes rich blue ; under surface dusky brown, paler on the thioat, 
in the middle of which is an elongated patch of green feathery 
followed by a few blue ones towards the client; under tail-coverts 
dusky, widely margined with rufous; tail greenish brown at the 
base, purple-brown towards the tip ; bill black. Total length 4*5 
inches, wing 2-6, tail 1*5, bill 0*8. 

Adult ft male. Similar to fhe male. 

The upper surface of the young is thickly bordered with rufous, 
and the adult characters on the throat and ear* are assumed at an 
early age. 

llab. Guatemala southwards to Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru; 
also Venezuela, Trinidad, and Guiana. 

a-c. Sad.; d-f. Coban, Guatemala, Nov. (O. 8.). Salvin-Godman, 
$ ad. sk. Sclater, & Gould 
Colls. 

g. Juv. sk. Guatemala (Simmer). Gould Coll. 
h-j. 6 ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua (T. Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jc.' (S ad. bk. Costa Rica (Carmioi). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I $ ad. sk. Calovevora, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m. 
$ ad.; n. $ Minca, Sierra Nevada de Sta. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Marta, Colombia. Jan. & Feb. 
(F. Simons). 
o~r. Ad.; s. Juv. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
sk. Gould Colls. 
t, u. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Ctill. 

v. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
to, x. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
y. Ad. sk. Peru ( Warszewiez). Gould Coll 
E. Dyson 1 
a'. Ad. sk. Venezuela (Spetice). Coll. 
z. Ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela. 
nfC.J. 
Sclater Cc 
V, c'. Act. sk. (Trinidad make.) Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
d',e\ tfad.; /' . Merum6 Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. June & July (1L WJritely). 
g\ J ad. sk. Roraima, Brit. Guiana, June Salvin-Godman Coil. 

(H. W.). 
25. cBTBrsoLiirpis. 
na 

25. 
CHKYSOLAMHS. 
Type. 
Chrysolarnpis, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 546 C. mosoliitiis. 
Range. South America from Colombia to Bahia, Trinidad and 
Guiana. 


1. Ohrysolampis moschitns *. 
Ruby-crested Humming Bird. Edto. Glean, p. 344: Lath. Swi. i 2„ 
p. 780. * ' 
Rubis-topaze, Buff. Nat. Hist. Ois. vi. p. 10. 
Oiseau Mouche a gorge topaze duBresil, DAub. PI. Enl. 227. fig, 2. 
Oiseau Mouche a gorge topaze du Cayenne,£)Aub. PL Enl 640. fig. 1. 
Mellisuga americana gutture topazino, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 607, 
MellibUga brasiliensis gatture topazino, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 699, 
Mellisuga cayennensis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 709, pi. 36.fig. 4. 
Trochilus nio^chitus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 19:2; Gm. Syst. Nat i. 
p. 494; Vieill N. Diet. dHist N. vii. p. 373 ; id. Enc. Meth. 
p. 570; Less. Ind. Gen, Troch. p. xxxvi; id. Wied, Beitr. iv. 
p. 56; Sw. B. Braz. pi. 30; Cab. in. Schomb. Guia?ia, iii. p. 705; 
Gray, Hand-!. B. i. p. 147. 
Trochilus pegasus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 192; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 495. 
Trochilus elatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 193; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 499. 
Grey-bellied Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. 2, p. 778. 
Ruby-necked Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. 2, p. 779. 
Trochilus carbunculus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 498. 
Trochilus guianensis, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 498; Vieill. N. Diet, 

d'Hist N vii. p. 375; id. Enc. Meth. p. 572. 
L'Esearbonele, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 122, pi. 54. 
Le Rubis-topaze, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 74, pis. 29, 30. 
Le Rubis-topaze femelle, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 124, pis. 55, 56. 
Trochilus hypophaeus, Shaw, Gen. Zool, viii. p. 333 ? 
Mellisuga rnoschita, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool xiv. p. 253; Gray. 

Gen. B. i. p. 113; Leotaud^ Ois. Trin. p. 145 (1866). 
Ornismya rnoschita, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxviii, 166, 
pis. 5% 53, 54. 
Ohrysolampis moschitus, Boie, Isis, 1831, p. 546; Jard. Ann. 8f May. 
N H. xx. p. 373; JBp. Consp. Av. i. p. 82; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 256; Reich. Aufa. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, pi. 723. 
if. 4646-9; Des Murs in Cast. Toy. i. p. 40; Gould, Mon. Troch. 
iv. pL 204 (Sept. 1856); id. Intr. Troch p. 115; Burm. Syst. Ueb. 
x ii. p. 3/2; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 21; Cass. Pr. Ac. 
%/ 
Phil. 1860, p. 194; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 303; E. C. Taylor, Ibu, 
1863, ~ ~ " ~ " " "^ """* ~* A 

p. 32; 
P. Z. 
Medd. Nat. For. Kjob. 1870, p.'104;' Muls. Hist Nat 0is.~3fouches, 
ii. p. 55, iv. p. 210; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxh. p. 214; Elliot, 
Sun. Troch. p. 176; Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 348; Salv. Cat. Strichl. 
Coll. p. 365 ; id. Ibis, 1885, p. 434; Berl. J. f. Orn. 1884, p. 310, 
1887, p. 319. 
Ohrysolampis mosquita, Muls. 8? Verr. Class. Troch. p. 57. 
Ohrysolampis reichenbachi, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein, iii. p. 21. 

* I do not know the bird referred to as:— 
OIIRYSOLAHPIS GIGLIOLII, Oust Le Naturalise, 1885) p. 3; Berl.J.f.O.nk 
1887, 
p. 7. 
VOL. XVI.

114 
TEOCHTLT. 

Adult male. Upper surface rich dark brown, darker on the 
anterior part of the hack ; crown, nape, and back of the neck 
glittering ruby-red; throat and breast glittering topaz-orange : 
abdomen dusky brown; under tail-coverts and tail chestnut-red, 
the latter tipped with black; bill black, Total length about 3\3 
inches, wing 2-2o, tail 1-3, bill 0*75. 

Adult female. Upper surface dull green, tinted with bronze on 
the back of the neck; sides of the head and under suifaee dusky 
white, darker on the breast; under tail-coverts nearly white: tail 
purple-black, the central rectrices bronzy green, the lateral tipped 
with white. 

Young male like the female, the glittering feathers of the adult 
first appearing in the middle of the throat and afterwards on the 
crown. 

Hah. Tropical America from Bahia to Guiana, the Amazon Valley, 
Trinidad, and Colombia. 

l-c. <$ ad. j d~g.Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman k 
d juv.; k $ Gould Coils. 
ad. sk. 
'. S ad.; j. <$ Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 

juv. sk. 
". Juv. sk. Venezuela. J l llVMill C. . 
,m. c?juv.$ n. (Trinidad make.) Gould1 Coll. 

§ ad. sk. 
-. <$ ad. sk. Georgetown, Demerara. fcahin-Hodmun Cnll. 
>.c?ad.;g'.<yjuv.$ (Cayenne make.) »Sah hi-Gudinau, 

r.J 
ad. sk. Sclater, k Gould 
Coil-. 
, t s juv.; w. Para. It. Graham ~JV. 
5 juv. sk. 
, w, (S ad. sk. t Pernambuco {W. A. Forbes). fcsalvin-Gudman Coll. 
:-z. $ ad. j a\ Bahia, Brazil, Guidd Coil 

5 juv. sk. 
', c'. 2 acl. sk. Bahia (Wucherer). Salvin-Gudnian Coll. 

SUCTION B. TliOCBILI lXTEKltEDU. 

{Sheath of the maxilla indistinctly and feebly serrate near the 
end of the tomia. (For Sec. A, bee p, 29; "Bee. G, p. 2oa.) 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Ouhnen closely feathered at the base; 
nasal covers completely hidden. 
a'. Size large j wings shining steel-blue .. 20. PnsBOPHAXEs, p. 117. 

V. 
Size moderate or small j wing*, normal, 
not shining, greenish-purple or brownish-
black. 
a". 
Bill long, nearly straight; tail moderately 
forked. 
a". Sexes'dissimilar. 
a1. Eectrices narrow; crown glittering 
pale green; throat glittering 


TR0CHILI INTERMEDIN 

116 

ruby-red; the lateral feathers 
elongated. 


d\ Beatrices narrower; tail more 
deeply forked: under surface 
glittering blue; bill slightly 
curved 27. \\ELIQMASTBR," p. 119, 

IP, Rectrices wider; tail less 
forked; under surface dark 
shining green, with a median 
white line 28. LEPIDOLARYNX, 

&l. Rectrices much wider; bill [p. 120. 
slightly upturned; a small 
glittering gular patch. 

c'\ Lower back, abdomen, and 
tail cinnamon; tail more 
forked; crown very bright, 
glittering green, red and blue. 21), DIPHLOGUENA, p. 121. 

d"\ Lower back and abdomen 
glittering, of varied hues; 
tail shiny and less forked; 
crown black, a glittering 
frontal patch 80. EIELIANTHEA, p, 123. 

b"r. Sexes similar. 
c4. Tail short; a transverse pectoral 
band, white or cinnamon. 
e\ Lateral rectrices white at the 
base; no gular spot 31. BOURCIERIA, p. 128. 

f"\ Rectrices wholly dark, without 
white bases; a purple 
gular spot 32. EUDOSIA, p. 132> 

d*. Tail longer, more forked, and of 
uniform colour; throat plain, 
or with a white patch on either 
side of the neck 33. LAMPROPYGIA, p. 132. 

b". Bill short, nearly straight, or slightly 
decurved. 
cr". Tail very long, and deeply and 
regularly forked. 
eK Rectrices wide. , 
cf. Bill short and straight. 
a°. Rectrices very brilliant glittering 
blue or green 34. CYANOLESBIA, p. 130. 
bG. Rectrices very wide, deep 
vinous-crimson 35. ZODALIA, p. 141. 
h\ Bill longer, slightly decurved. 
c\ Rectrices glittering golden 
red, with black tips 36. SAPPHO, p. 142. 
dp. Rectrices dark steel-blue ,. 37. NEOLESBIA, p. 145. 
fK Rectrices narrow 38. LESBIA, p. 146. 

d 
. Tail short, rounded, or slightly 
forked. 
g\ Rectrices wide, of bright shining 
metallic hues; crown not glittering 
39. METAXLTJBA, p. 150. 

JiK Rectrices narrower, not especially 
bright; crown glittering 
rubv-red 40. EUSTEPHAOTS, p. loo. 

J 
i2 

116 TliOCHlLL 

, Culrnen feathered to the base, but the 
nasal covers slightly exposed; bill nearly 
straight. 

c'. Tail rounded or forked, but none of the 
rectrices tipped with white. 

c". Tail rounded ; crown glittering blue ; 
under surface glittering, but no pale 
pectoral band; sexes similar ..

tl". Tail deeply or slightly forked; a 
small glittering frontal* spot ; sexes 
dissimilar. 

e'". Tail slightly forked ; a wide pale 
pectoral bandf". Tail deeply forked; no pectoral 
band .."

d'. Tail even or more or less rounded; 
central or lateral rectrices tipped with 
white. 

e". Tail even, median and submedian 
rectrices conspicuously tipped with 
white : sexes dissimilar

/" . Tail rounded, lateral rectrices tipped 
with white; throat more or less 
spotted; a long postocular stripe ; 
sexes similar

y". Tail rounded, lateral rectrices tipped 
with white; under surface plain; 
crown white, passing into brownish 
red towards the nape; no postocular 
stripe: sexes dissimilar ......... .

h". Tail much rounded, lateral rectricesbroadly tipped with white: throat 
spotted . / .

, Culmen feathered to the base, but the 
anterior portion of the nasal covers distinctly 
exposed; bill slightly curved. 

e\ Tail rather long, rounded; rectrices 
narrow, the lateral ones usually edged 
or tipped with white. 

i". Under surface pale glittering golden 
green; rectrices green, sometimes 
tipped and edged outwardly with 
white, sometimes plain "......

j". Under surface pale cinnamon; lateral 
rectrices tipped with white/' . Tail short and rounded, even or slightly 
forked. 

h". Throat sometimes white or dull 
white; crown sometimes glittering 
blue; lateral rectrices sometimes 
tipped with white, base sometimes 
white. 

gur. Tail much rounded, lateral rectrices 
tipped with white; throat 
white; chin green. ,

h'". Tail nearly even; crown dull or 
glittering green (except A. ccem


 41. PASTEUPS, p. lot;. 
42. HELIAXGELUS, p. 150. 
4:J. HELIOTEYPHA, p. 104. 
44. UKOSTICTK, p. 107. 
4-1 ADELOMYIA, p. 10U. 

 48, AXTHOCEPHALA, 
"p. 11 "2. 

 47. PiiL0M>PHiLCS,p.l7.'>. 
48. POLYTMUS, p. 174. 
40. DOLEEOMYIA, p. 177. 
50. LEUCQCHLORIS, p. 178. 
26. PTEROPHAKES, 
Keeps); throat white, dull white, 
glittering green or blue; tail 
uniform. 


i\ Sexes nearly alike 51. AG-YRTRIA, p. 178. 
j\ Rexes dissimilar 52. ARIANA, p. 193. 

*"'. Tail uniform, slightly forked ; 
crown glittering blue, purple, 
QTeen, or dull green 53. CYANOMYIA, p. 194. 

/" . Tail slightly forked; lateral rectrices 
white at the base; crown 
dull green like the back 54. LEUCIPPTJS, p. 200. 

/". Throat never white, no glittering-
blue colours or any glittering feathers 
on the upper surface; lateral 
rectrices never tipped with white 
or with white bases 55. AMAZILIA, p. 203, 

d. 
Culrnen bare nearly to the base,* nasal 
covers fully exposed. 
g\ Bill long and straight; tail short, 
rounded, the lateral rectrices tipped 
with white 56. FLORICOLA, p. 228. 

h'. Bill much shorter and slightly decurved; 
tail moderate, rounded or slightly 
forked. 


m". Tail forked, the lateral rectrices 
longest, rectrices narrow 57. OYANOPHAIA, p. 233. 
n". Tail rounded, the lateral rectrices 
shorter than the next pair. 

Jc'". Throat glittering green; abdomen 
glittering blue: smaller ; bill 
shorter 58. DAMOPHILA, p. 235. 

V". Throat shining green washed with 
blue: larger; bill longer ..... . 59. POLYERATA, p. 237. 

o". Tail nearly even or slightly forked, 
steel-blue, golden-copper, or greenish 
gold, with brighter central rectrices; 
with or without a long po&tocular 
stripe. 


?n'"t Tail steel-blue, slightly forked; 
no postocular stripe..' 60. EUCEPHALA, p. 239. 
n'". Tail steel-blue, nearly even; no 
postocular stripe 01. HYLOCHARIS, p. 245. 

</". Tail nearly even, rich golden-
copper or greenish gold; no 
postocular stripe 62. CHRYSURONIA, p. 248, 

p"\ 
Tail nearly even, purple-black, 
median rectrices coppery; along 
postocular stripe 63. HELIOPEMCA, p. 252. 

26. 
PTER0PHANES. Type> 
Pterophanes, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. sub pi. 178 
(June 1849) P. temmincki. 
Diphlogena (Lepidoria), Mub. § Verr. Classif. Troch. 

p. 61 (1805). 
Range. Andes from Colombia to Bolivia. 
118 TROCHUJ. 

1. Pterophanes temmracMi. 
Ornismya temniinckii, Bois. Bev. Zool. 1830, p. 354: id. Mag. Zool 
1840, Ois. pi. 14; Load. F.Z.S. 1843, p. 155. 

Bp. Consp. 

p. 251; Iteieh. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14; Cab. iV IT<?i>^; J/?w. Ifr/yz. iii. 
p. SO; 8cl Cat. Am. B. p. 301 : Whitehj, P. Z. & 1S73. p. IPO: 
Tacz. P. X & 1874, p. 543, 1880. p. 504; id. On*. Per. i. p. #5*: 
jfcfo&. Zfof. Nat Ois.-MoutJws. ii. p. 2&f», pi. 59, h. p. 511; kl 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 5.xii. p. 510 ; Elliot* Syn. H. Birds, p. G*»: 
Tacz. <$• iSV/. P. X 6'. 1855, p. 103; Bed. J.f.O.a. 1557. p. 354. 
Diplilogeena (Lepidoria) temniinckii. Huh. £ Fm*. Ch/^lf. Twit. 

p. 61. 
Trochilus teinrainckij <r;r<ry, HandA. B. i. p. 13S. 
Adult male. Plumage generally dark shining gius—green, a little 
more golden on the upper surface, bluer on the under: wings above 
and below, both coverts and quilL binning steel-blue, the latter 
tipped with black; tail dark shiny olive-green : bill black. Total 
length about 0*5 inches, wins? 4*5; tail, central K ctriccs 1*9,3, Liteial 
2-75; bill 1*5. 

Female. Upper surface shining gra^s-green, dn-ky on the crow U ; 

under surface rufous, flanks and under tail-courts -Inning green ; 

wings purple-black, the coverts shining sttel-biiie, shading into 

green on the shoulders : tail—four central ftaiLtiN fining green, 

the next two on either side black, washed with green along the 

shaft; outermost pair black, with a white longitudinal stripe on 

the outer web including the shaft, and parsing* on to the inner web 

at the base and tip. 

Young males have the under surface du>kj\ which is> gradually 
replaced by shining green ; the wings are at fir^t like those of the 
female, the steel-blue of the primaries is gradually assumed. 

Eab. Andes of South America from Colombia to Bolivia. 

a-c. <$ ad.: d. $ Colombia (Bogota niake»j. Salvin-Godinan k 
juv.; 6.$ ad. sk. <*« uld Colk. 
/. *(? ad. sk. Mac, Ecuador iBuddeyu tfahiii-Godman Coil 

g. J ad.; 7*.§ad. sk. Lloa, Ecuador {Eraser}. Nduter Coll. 
i-m. <$ ad.; w-r. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
cJjuv.; s. J ad.sk. Gould Collb. 

t. (S ad.; u. P ad. sk. Cillutirfcara, Yungas, Boli- Sah in-Godman Coll. 
via (Buckley). 
iHff.dad.;y.tfjuY.; 

Yungas, Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Cull. 

%. $ ad. sk. 

a\ S ad. sk. Purcha>ed. 

V. $ ad. sk. Colombia. Purchased. 
27. ncLioMAsnm, 
119 

27. HELIOMASTER. T 
Heliomaster, 
Bp. Compt. Rend, xxx. p. 382 (1850) ; P ' 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 85 II, furcifer. 
Calliplilox 6. Calliperidia, Reich. Aufz. d, Col p. 12. 

Range. Southern Brazil, Paraguay, Argentine Republic. 

1. Heliomaster furcifer. 
Pica flores cola cle tixera, Azara, Apunt ii. p. 498, no. 299 (1805). 
Trocliilus furcifer, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 280. 
TrocMlus caudacutus, Vieill. N. Diet. cTHist. N. \ii. p. 347: id. Ene. 


Meih. p. 549. 
Oraismya angelas, Less. Ill Orn. pis. 45, 46; d'Orb. $ Lafr. Syn. 
Av. ii. p. 28. 

Trocliilus regis, Schreib. Naturf. Wien, 1832, Isis, 1833, p. 533; 
id. Collect, ad Faun, Bras. i. pi. i. fig. lj Reh. Orn. Bras. p. 30; 
Gray,Hand-LBA.y. 138. 

Heliomaster angelae, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 70; Gould, Mon. Troch. 

iv. pi. 263 (May 1853); Burm. J.f.O.n. 1860, p. 244,1865, p. 229; 
id. R. Z. S. 1865, p. 460; id. La-Rlata Reise, ii. p. 448. 
Calliplilox b. Calliperidia angelse, Reich. Aufx. d. Col. p. 12 ; id. Troch. 
Enum. p. 10, pi. 842. ff. 4986-89. 
Omithomyia angelae, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 251. 
Campylopterusinornatus, Burm. J.f.O.n. 1860, p. 244; id.La-Rlata 

Reise, ii. p. 447. 
Calliperidia angelae, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 141; Muls. fy Verr. Class. 

Troch. i. p. 50 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 137. 
Trocliilus angelse, Burm. J.f Orn. 1866, p. 89. 
Calliperidia furcifer, Scl. $• Salv. Nom. Av. Neotr. p. 90; Dumford, 

Ibis, 1877, p. 184; Scl. fy Ends. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 5. 
Calliperidia regis, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 278, pi. 58; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii p. 215. 
Heliomaster furcifer, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 86; E. W. White, P. Z. S. 
1882, p. 616. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronze-green, glittering on 
the middle of the back and crown; under surface glittering blue ; 
the middle of the throat glittering rosy-red; flanks, under tail-
coverts, and tail greener blue, a large white flank-spot; bill black. 
Total length about 5 inches, wing 2 ; tail, central rectricos 1, 
lateral 1*6; bill 1-35. 

Female. Upper surface uniform bronzy grass-green ; under surface 
greyish white; throat-feathers with blackish discs, a white line on 
each side from the gape; lateral rectrices with a dark subterminal 
band and white tips. 

Hah Southern Brazil, Paraguay, and the Argentine Eepublic. 

a <3 ad.: b. 2 ad. Chapada,Matto Grosso,Brazil, Salvin-Goduian Coll. 
sk. ' July (H. H. Smith). 

c. <S juv. sk. Matto Grosso, Brazil, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Natierer). 
d. <J ad. sk. Continho, Brazil, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Natterer). 
120 
TROCHILI. 

e. £ 
ad.;/. J ad. Pacliaco. Buenos Ayres, Nov. H. Durnford [C.]. 
sk. 
g. 2 ad- sk. P^ta Lara, Buenos Ayres, H. Durnford [O.J. 
Feb. 
h. 6 ad. sk. Buenos Ayres. H. Durnford [C.J. 
i. $ 
ad. ; j. <$ juv.; Buenos Ayres (Barmeister). Sclater Coll. 
As. ? ad. sk. 
J, m. £ juv.; «. 2 Buenos Ayres. Prof. Burnieister 
ad.sk. [P.]. 
o,p. tfad, st. Purchased. 

28. LEPIDOLAKYNX. ^ 
Selasphoms <5. Lepidolarynx, .R«V$. ^4w/s. d Co/, p. 13 
(1854) L. me&oleucus, 
Lepidolarynx, Gould, Intr, Troch. p. 140 (18G1). 

Range, South-eastern Brazil. 

1. Lepidolarynx mesoleucus. 
Trochilus mesoleucus, Temm. PI Col 817. f. 1; Less* hid. Gen. Troch. 
p. sis ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 137. 
Ornisrnya mesoleuca, Less. Hist Nat. Ois.-M'ouches, pp. xxiy, 110, 
pis. ] 9, 20; Suppl.p.98. 
Ornismya temminckii, Less. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxyi, 83, 
pi. 20. 
Heliomaster mesoleucus, Bp, Consp. Av. i. p. 70; Goidd, P. Z. S. 

1853, p. 100; id. Man. Troch. iv. pi. 262 (May 1853) ; Beinh. 

Medd. Nat. For. Kjbl. 1870, p. 106. 

Trochilus squamosus, Temm. PI. Col. 203. fig. 1. 
Selasphorus d. Lepidolarynx meboleucus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 13. 
Oririthomyia mesoleuca, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854., p. 251. 
Calothorax mesoleucus, Burm, Syst Ueb. ii. p. 830. 
Heliomaster squamosns, Cab. $• Heine, Mi/s, Ilein. iii. p. 53; Pefc. 


Orn. Bras. p. 31. 
Lepidolarynx mesoleucus, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 140,* Muls. Mist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 283; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 215; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 85. 
Calliperidia (Lepidolarynx) mesoleucus, Muls, § Terr. Class. Troch. 
p. 50. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green : an irregular 

white patch on the lower back; whole crown glittering bluish 

green; throat glittering rosy-red, the lateral feathers elongated, a 

stripe on either side from the gape white; abdomen dark shining 

green, a median stripe and a patch on each flank white; under 

tail-coverts dark green, broadly edged with white; tail dark green, 

the lateral rectrices darker than the central; bill black. Total 

length about 4*4 inches, wing 2-2o; tail, central rectrices 1% 

lateral 1-6; bill 1-3. 

Female, Upper surface paler, the crown uniform with the back ; 

throat black, most of the feathers with a white edge but with them 

a few glittering rosy-red feathers; rectrices uniform dark green, the 

lateral with a subterminal dark band and a white tip. 

29. BiPHLoa^xi. 
121 

Young males sometimes have the throat nearly white owing to 
the great width of the white edges of the feathers. 
Hah. Eastern and Southern Brazil. 

a-d. tfad.; e.f. <$ juv.; Brazil (BaMa make). Salvin-Godman & 
g, h. $ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
I $ ad.;/. J ad. sk. Brazil (Bio make). Gould Coll. 

k. d ad.'sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
29. 
MPHLOGUBNA. 
Type. 
Diphlogaena, Gould, Hon. Troek. iv. pi. 247 (Oct. 1834) D,irk 
Range. Andes from Ecuador to Bolivia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Crown with a median stripe of brilliant glittering 
blue. 
a'. Lower back and abdomen chestnut iris, p. 121. 

V. Lower back and abdomen golden green hesperns,^.122, 
L. 
Crown brilliant golden, =hadmg into bluibh green on 
the front, but with no median blue stripe aurora, p. 122, 
1. DipHoga&na iris. 
Helknthea Ms, Gould, P Z. 8. 1853, p. til; Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 251. 
Helianthea y. Hvpochrvsea iris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troeh. 
JSnum. p. 0, pi. 785. if. 4685-8G. 
Diphlogaena iris, Gould, Moa. Troch. iv. pi. 247 (Oct. 1854); id. Intr. 
Troeh. p. 1:33; Muh. $ Verr. Class. Troeh. i. p. 61; Muk. Hist 
Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, ii. p. 302 ; id. Ann. 8oe. Linn. Lyon, i. p. 21(>; 
Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. G9; ScL $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 029; 
Tacs. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 38 ; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 384. 

Trochilus iri$, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 138. 
Diphlogsena iri^ buekleyi, Berl Ibis, 1887, p. 295. 


Adult male. Upper back dark shining green, becoming black 
towards the nape; lower back chestnut; crown glittering iiery 
copper, rather more golden on the forehead; a median stripe expanding 
towards the back of the crown rich lustrous violet-blue; 
lores and throat as far as the breast glittering green; a spot in the 
middle of the throat lustrous lilac; abdomen and under tail-coverts 
chestnut; tail chestnut, the central feathers tipped with bronze; 
outer primary purple-brown, edged with chestnut; inner primaries 
and secondaries chestnut, edged with purple-brown; bill black. 
Total length about 5'5 inches, wing 3*2; tail, central rectrices 1*5, 
lateral 2'2 ; bill 1*4. 

Female. Crown glittering golden green, becoming coppery posteriorly, 
and the blue median stripe appears to be absent or paler; 
the throat is glittering green, but without the lilac spot. 

122 
TROCHILI. 

Young birds have the crown dark dusky chestnut without glittering 
feathers ; the throat is chestnut, each feather with a discal green 
spot. 

7). iris faicl'leyi, of Ecuador, is stated to have the front and sides 
of the pileurn of a more golden or a greenish-golden hue than is the 
case in D. iris, which is there of a more crimson lustre. These differences 
are not borne out by the specimens before me, which vary 
without reference to locality. A good deal of the apparent difference 
is due to the way the skins are made up, thus altering the angle 
at which the light is reflected from the feathers. 

Ifab. Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, on the eastern slope of the 
Andes at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

rtjb. c?ad.; c. Yerba Buena, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
$ ad. 8k. 
(h Juv. sk. Maravhla, Ecuador (Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 

p. 
§ sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. (One of 
the types of D. hesperusl) 
f-i. 
$ ad.;./.$ Between Illimani and Sorata, &ould Coll. (Types 
juv. j 7c. j ad. ,sk. Bolh ia (Warszeiciez). of the specie*./ 

2. Diphlogs&na hesperns. 
Diphlogaena hesperus, 
Gould, Ann. fy Mag. X. H. 1805, x\. p. 120; 
Mvls. # Very. Class. Troch. p. Gl; Muls. Hist. Xat Ois.-Mouch^, 
il. p. 302, pi. 62; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon. xxii. p. 210; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 70; Berl. $ Taos. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 803; Sharpe in 
Gould's fiuppl Troch. pi. 10 (April 1885j. 

Adult male. Similar to that of D. iris, but with the lower back 
and abdomen shining dark golden green, the crown of more flervrcd 
coppery lustre. 

Females and young birds also differ from those of the allied species 
in having the lower back and abdomen tinged with green. 

Gould's type of his female of D. hesperus is a female of D. iris. 

Hab. Ecuador, eastern slopes of the Andes at an elevation of 
9000 to 11,000 feet. 

a~e. <$ ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. (T\ pes 
ff g. tfad. ;h. $
juv. j i. 5 juv. 
sk. 
Maravina, Ecuador (Buckley).
of the species./ 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
;, k S ad. sk. Ceche, Ecuador, April, M(Stolzmann). 
ay Sclater Coll. 

3. DipMogsena anrora, 
Helianthea aurora, Gould, P. Z. S. 1853, p. 01; Bp. Bev, Zool 1854, 
p. 251; Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. m. p. 80. 
Helianthea y. Hypochrysea aurora, Beich. Aiifz. d. Col. p. 9, 
Coeligena 8. Leadbeatera warszewizii, Beich. Attfz. d. Col p 7 
Coeligena warszewizii, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 23: id. TrocL JEnum 
p. 4, pi. G90. f, 4526. 
30 . 
HELRNTHEA. 
123 

Diphlogsena warszewiezi, Tacz. P. Z. S.1880, p. 204: id. Orn. Per. i. 

p. 383. 
Adult male. Body above and below and the tail chestnut; nape 
"black; crown and anterior part of the throat glittering green, becoming 
more blue towards the base of the bill and more golden 
towards the nape, where occasionally one or two deep-blue feathers 
may be seen ; lower neck shining grass-green, duller than the throat; 
outermost quill purple-brown edged with chestnut, the inner quills 
chestnut edged with purple-brown. Total length about 5-5 inches, 
wing 3*2 ; tail, central reetrices 1*4, lateral 2 ; bill 14. 

Female. Like the male, but with the crown and throat less brilliant 
and the former of a more uniform glittering green. 

Taczanowski uses Eeichenbach's name 0. warszewiezi for this 
species, which cannot, I think, be justified. Gould's paper in which 
his //. aurora was described was read before the Zoological Society 
on 22nd March, 1853, and was noticed in the ' Athenaeum? for that 
year. Eeichenbach's ' Aufzahlung der Colibris' was certainly not 
published before March 1854, and in it Gould's name is mentioned 
as Heliantlwa y. Hypoclmjsea aurora, which seems conclusive as to 
its priority. 

Hah. Peru and Bolivia; on the eastern slopes of the Andes at an 
elevation of between 9000 and 10,000 feet. 

a} b. $ ad. sk. Cutervo, Peru, Jan. (Btolsrmami). 
Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
c, cl. S ad.; e.
cj juv. sk. 
Between Ulimani and Sorata, 
Bolivia (Warszeiviez). 
Gould Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 

30. 
HEIIANTHEA. _ A 
Type. 
Helianthea, Gould, P. Z. S.1848, p. 11 H. typica. 
Heliantheay. Hvpochrysia, Reich. Aufss. d. Col. p. 9 

(partim)(l8.54j . 
Diphloggena (Helianthea), Mills, fy Terr. Clamf. 
Yroch. p. 61 (I860). 
Callio-enia, Muls. Eist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 305 
(1876) H. lutetire. 
Range. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Abdomen lustrous. 
a'. 
Rump glittering greenish plumbeous; abdomen 
glittering silvery-rose typica, p. 124. 

V. 
Rump and abdomen glittering golden orange. 
a". Tail olive-green; secondaries purple-brown, bonapartii, p. 124, 
Vf. Tail and secondaries chestnut eos, p. 125, 
124 TROOHILT. 

b. Abdomen uniform shining grass-green; secondaries 
buff hdetice, p. 126. 
e. Lower abdomen cinnamon. 
c\ A white sectoral band violifem, p. 126. 
d'. Breast shining green. 
c". Tail cinnamon, narrowly edged with bronzy 
green osculans, p. 127. 
d". Tail widely edged with bronzy green dichroura, p. 128. 

1. Helianthea typica. 
Ornismya helianthea, Less. Rev. Zool 1838, p. 314. 
Trochilus helianthea, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 11. 
Helianthea typica, Bp. Consp. i. p. 74 ; id. Bev. Zool 1854, p. 2-51 


Beich. Aitfa. d. Col p. 9 -id. Troch. Fnmn. p. G, pi. 782. ff. 4677-79 
Gould, 3Ion. Troch. iv. pi. 235 (Oct. 1854) ; id. Mr. Troch. p. ISO 
Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 79• Bel Cat. Aon. B. p. 508 

Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 332 ; id. Syn. Troch. p. 71,-Scl. # Salv. JP.Z. S. 

1879, p. 530; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll p. 366. 
Diphlogsena (Helianthea) helianthea,r$f«&. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 61. 
Trochilus heliantheus, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 138. 
Helianthea porphyrogaster, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 293, 

iv. p. 211; id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 
Hypochrysia helianthea, Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 823. 
Adult male. Upper surface nearly black, with a tinge of green on 
the middle of the back and wing-coverts * upper tail-coyerts glittering 
greenish plumbeous; head and neck deep black ; forehead glittering 
green, a crescent-shaped glittering violet gular spot; abdomen 
glittering silvery rose; under tail-coverts dark purple; tail dark 
greenish purple* bill black. Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 
2-85; tail, central rectrices 1*25, lateral 1*75 ; bill 1*5. 

Female. Upper surface shining grass-green, the rump like that of 
the male but with a rosy tint; under surface cinnamon, the sides 
of the breast green• abdomen scantily marked with dark glittering-
rosy spots; under tail-coverts dusky green, edged with cinnamon ; 
tail dark olive-green. 

Ilab. Colombia. 
a-g. <$ %A.)h-m.
tf juv.; n-q.
? ad.sk. 
Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 
r. $ ad. sk. Colombia. Purchased. 
s, t. Ad, st. _ Purchased. 

2. Helianthea bonapartii. 
Ornismya bonapartii, Boiss. Bev. Zool 1840, p. 6 ,• Bourc. Ann. Soc. 

dAgr. Lyons, 1842, p. 807, pi. 14 ; Lodd. P. Z. S. 1848, p. 122. 
Trochilus aurogaster, Fraser, P. Z. S.1840, p. 16. 
Helianthea bonapartii, Bp. Consp. i. p. 74; id. Bev. Zool 1854, p. 251 

Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 286 (Oct. 1854); id. Intr. Troch. p. 180 
Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 80; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 308 
Mliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 332 ; id. 8yn. Troch. p. 72; Muls. Hist. Kat 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 295, iv. p. 211 ; id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii 

p. 216-8ah. Cat. Striehl. Coll p. 367, 
3<>. HELIA3TTHEA. 

125 

Helianthea y. Hvpoehrv&ea bonapartii, Reich. Aiifz. d. Col. p. 9: id. 
Track. Fnunuf. 6, pi. 734. fr. 4683-84. 
Diphlosraena (Helianthea) bonapartii, Muls. $ Very. Class. Troch. 

p. 61. 
Trochilus bonapartii, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 138. 
Hypoebrysea bonapaitei, Berh J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 323. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green ; crown and 
nape black : forehead glittering grass-green ; rump and upper tail-
coverts glittering golden-orange ; under surface glittering green as 
far as the brea&t, a glittering violet gtilar spot; abdomen glittering 
golden-orange; under tail-coverts and tail bronzy green; bill black. 
Total length about 4-S inches, wing 3 ; tail, central rectrices 4*1, 
lateral 1*75 ; bill 1*5. 

Female. Under surface cinnamon ; the breast washed with bright 
green, the abdomen with golden-orange; under tail-coverts 
cinnamon; lateral rectrices tipped with dingy white. 

Young males are grass-green on the crown and assume the bright 
forehead after the violet gular spot is developed; the under tail-
coverts are bronzy green edged with cinnamon, and the lateral 
rectrices are narrowly tipped with dusky white. 

Hah. Colombia, 
a-f. <$ ad.; g~l Colombia (Bogota make). tfalvin-Godman «te 
$ ad.; m. Sclater Colls. 
Juv. si. 
n, o. d ad. bt. Colombia, Purchased. 
p* 5 ad. st, Colombia. Purchased. 

& Helianthea eos. 

Helianthea eo*, Gould, P. Z. S.1848, p. 11; id. Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 237 
(Sept. Ifc35); id. Infr. Troch, p. 131; Bp. Consp. L p. 75; id. Rev. 
ZooL 1854, p. 251; Cab. § Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 79: 8cL \ 
8ah. P. Z. 8, Ib75, p. 235 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 333; id. 8yn. 
Troch. p. 72. 

Cailigenia eoa, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, ii. p. 311, iv. p. 212 ; 
id. Ann. 8uc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 
Helianthea y. Hvpochiysea eos, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 9; id. Troch. 
Enum. p. 0, pi. 733, tf. 4680-82. 

Adult male. Very like that of H. bonapartii in general appearance, 
the head, upper back, and under surface being similarly adorned; 
the rump and upper tail-coverts are hardly so bright, the breast a 
little more golden; the secondaries are cinnamon, with a very 
narrow dark tip, the outermost primary is edged with cinnamon; 
the tail, too, is cinnamon tipped with bronzy green, and the under 
tail-coverts are pure cinnamon; bill black. Total length about 5 
inches, wing 1*9; tail, central rectrices 1-4, lateral 1#7 ; bill 1*5. 

Female. Differs from that of H. bonapartii in the same way that 
the male does as regards the colour of the secondaries and tail. 
Ilab. Venezuela, in the highlands near Merida, &c. 

a-d. S ad.; e,f. Paramo de los Conejos, Merida, Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Venezuela (Funic # Schlim). (Typos of the species.) 

120 TROCHILT. 
g. S ad. tolv. Sierra Nevada of Aleridu Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. S ad. bk.
(Qoering). 
Venezuela (Goeriny). Gould Coll. 
/-/v. c? ad. sk. Venezuela. " Salvin-Godinan & 
Gould ColK 

4. Heliantliea lutetiae. 
Trocliilus lutetiae, Delattre § Muls. Rev. ZooL 1840, p. 307; 6W'y, 
Hand-l. B. i. p. 138. 

Heliantliea lutetiae, Bj). Camp. i. p. 74 ; id. llev. ZooL 1854, p. 251 ; 
Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; ?V7. 7>or7*. IWI/JJI. p. 6, pi. 736.ff. 4687-88 ; 
GWdf, Jtflw. rm//. iv. pi. 238 (May lb57); id. Inir. Troch. p. 131; 
id. R. Z. & 1870, p. 803; Jameson J-Fraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 400; >S't/. 

P. £f. 8. 18G0, p. 81; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 308; Cab. § Heine, Mu$. 
Rein. iii. p. 79; Elliot, Ibi&, 1874, p. 333; id. Syn. Troch. p. 73; 
Tacz. $ Bed. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 105. 
Diphlogsena lutetiae, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troc/i. p. (Jl. 
Calligenia lutetia3, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 300, iv. 


p. 212; id. Ann. 8oe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 210. 
Adult male. Upper surface black, the wing-coverts glossed with 
green, a glittering grass-green frontal spot: under surface shining 
grass-green, with a glittering violet gular spot; secondaries buff, 
tipped with purple-black, outermost primary edged with dull white : 
tail uniform bronzy-black; bill black. Total length about 5%5 
inches, wing 3*2 ; tail, central rectrices 1*4, lateral 1*9 ; bill 1*0. 

Female. Upper surface uniform dark shining grass-green; under 
surface cinnamon, the breast, flanks, and abdomen thickly spotted 
with shining green; under tail-coverts green, edged with cinnamon ; 
secondaries like those of the male, buff tipped with purple-Mack. 

Young males resemble the female; the violet gular spot is assumed 
before the frontal spot. 
Eah. Ecuador. 

a~e. $ ad.; f-i Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Coll. 

6 juv.; j-l. 

5 ad. sk. 
m, tf ad. • n. S Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.,* o. $ ad. 
sk. 

2). gad.sk. Lloa, Ecuador (Fraser). fcSclater Coll. 

q. <$ ad. sk. Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
r. gad.sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5. Helianthea violifera. 
Trochilus violifer, Gould, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 87. 

Heliantliea violifera, Bp. Consp. i. p. 75 * id. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 251; 
Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; Gould, Hon. Troch. iv. pi. 239 (Rept. 
1855); id. Intr. Troch. p. 131; Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hem. iii. p. 80: 
Elliot, Ibis, 3874, p. 333* id. Bun. Troch. p. 73; 8cl & Sale. 

P. Z. S. 1879, p. 629. 
Diphlogaena violifera, Muls, fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 61. 
Calligenia violifera, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, ii. p. SIS, iv. 
p. 213; id. Ann. Soc, Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 
30 . HBLIANTHBJL. 
127 

AJuH mah. Upper surface bronzy green, almost black on the 
crown ; upper tail-coverts cinnamon : under surface shining grass-
green, darker on the throat, lighter on the breast, a violet gular 
spot: feathers of the middle of the breast edged with white, forming 
an indistinct pectoral band ; lower abdomen and under tail-coveits 
cinnamon; tail cinnamon, narrowly tipped with bronzy green; 
outermost primary edged with cinnamon ; bill black. Total length 
about 5*3 inches, wing 3*25 : tail, central rectrices 1*8, lateral 2*1; 
bill 1-0. 

Female. Crown greener than in the male; the under surface 
cinnamon; each feather of the breast with a shining grass-green 
discal spot. 

Young ntalis are like the females; the gular spot is assumed 
before the throat becomes green. 

In very young birds the under surface is dusky, and this is 
{superseded, at least on the breast, by cinnamon feathers with green 
disks. 

Rah Bolivia. 

a, h (J ad. * c. Sandillani road, Yungas, Gould Coll. 
O ad. sk. Bolivia (Bridyes). (Types of the species.) 
(I £ ad. sk. Chulumani, Bolivia (Warsze- Salvm-Goclrnaii Coll. 
witz). 

e. 
cfad.;/. 2 Uuduavi, Bulivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
ad. sk. 
g. 
£ ad.; h. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
(3 juv. sk. 
i-m. 
<£ ad.; n. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
5 ad. bk. 


6. Heliauthea osculans. 
Helianthea o*eulans, Gould, P. Z. 3.1871, p. 503; Whitely, P. Z. S. 
1673, p. 191; Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 334; id. Syn. Troch. p. 73; 
Skarpe in Gould's Suppl Track, pi. 18 (Mar. 1S87). 
Calligenia o&culans, Muh. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 310, pi. 64, 

iv. p. 212 • id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 
Adult male. Upper surface golden bronze; crown dark shining 
grass-green, with a glittering green frontal spot; under surface 
bright shining grass-green, a little darker on the chin, and more 
golden on the upper abdomen and flanks, a violet gular spot; 
middle of the abdomen and under tail-coverts cinnamon; tail 
cinnamon, tipped with bronzy green; outermost primary edged with 
cinnamon ; bill black. Total length about dmo inches, wing 3 * 
tail, central rectrices 1-05, lateral 1*9; bill 1*6. 
Female. Upper surface greener than that of the male, not so 
golden, the central rectrices bronzy green throughout, no frontal or 
gular spots; under surface pale cinnamon; all the feathers but 
those of the middle and lower abdomen with a bright green discal 
spot, smaller on the throat, larger on the breast. 
Rah Peru, Southern Provinces. 


128 
TKOCHILI. 

a, (S acl. sk. Huasanipilla, Peru, Sept, (H. Gould Coll. 
Wliitely). 
b, c, tf ad.; & Cackupata, Peru,Feb. (H. 7F.). Gould Coll. 
? ad. sk. (Types of the species.) 

e. c? ad. sk. Cackupata, Oct. (JET. W7.). Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
7. Helianthea dichroura. 
Heliauthea dichroura, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 13S 543; w/. Or;?. 
P&\ i. p. 877; Elliot, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 834; id 8yn. Troch. p. 74; 
#0M&7, tiuppt. Troch. pi. 10 (Jan. 1881 J. 

Calligenia 
dichroura, Mills. Hist. JSTat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 309, 
pi. 63, iv. p. 212 ; id. Ann. 8oc. Linn, Lyon, xxii. p. 210. 

Adult male. " Closely resembling [that of] H. osculans. The under 
surface, with the exception of the lower portion of the abdomen and 
[under] tail-coverts, dark green. The principal difference is in the 
tail, which has the terminal third part bronze-green, forming a 
conspicuous apical baud. Maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, 
tip black.'7 (Elliot, I s. e.) 

The colour of the mandible in this species is noteworthy, as in all 
other members of the genus it is black in both sexes. 
Hob. Peru, Northern Provinces. 

31. BOUECIEEIA. 
Type. 
Bourcieria, Bp. Compt. Rend. xxx. p. 380 (1850) ... . B. torquata. 
Bourcieria a. Conradinia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 

(1854) *. B. eonradi. 
Polysena, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 215 B. torquata. 

Range. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

Key to the fypecies. 

«. Breast chestnut 
inert, p. 129. 

b. Breast pure white. 
a'. Centre of crown, throat, abdomen, and tips to 
lateral rectrices glittering grass-green. 
a". Crown, nape, and back black, the crown 
with glittering green centre insedivora, p. 129. 
b". Crown and nape uniform glittering green .. conradi, p. 130. 
b'. Centre of crown violet, sides black; abdomen 
and tips to the lateral rectrices black or greenish 
black. 


e". Throat black, centre faintly tinged with 
green ; abdomen black torquata, p. 130. 
d'\ Throat black, centre bright green; abdomen 
greenish black falgidigula, p. 131. 

31 . BOTTECIEBIi.. 
129 

1. Bonrcieria iuca. 
Bourcieria inca, Gould, Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 136; id. Mon. Troch. iv. 
p. 234 (May 1854) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 136; Bp. Rev. Zool 1854* 
p. 252; Reich. Troch. Emm. p. 7, pi. 752. ff. 4725-20,-Whitely, 
P. Z. S. 1874, p. 675; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 75; ScL & Said. 
P. Z. 3. 1879, p. 630 ; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 388. 
Honiophaina inca, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 79; Muls. Hist. 
Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 322; id. Ann. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 216. 
Polysena inca, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 216. 
Diphlogeena inca, Muls. §> Verr. Class. Troch. p. 61. 
Trocbilus inca, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 139. 
Adult male. Body, including upper and under tail-coverts, 
glittering grass-green, rather "brighter and more golden on the 
abdomen; breast chestnut; head and throat black, a glittering 
green frontal bpot, the feathers of the middle of the throat with 
dark green discs; outermost primary edged with chestnut; central 
rectriees shining golden green, lateral white, with golden-green 
tips, which become wider towards the outermost pair; bill black. 
Total length about 5*2 inches, wing 3*1; tail, central rectriees 1*6, 
lateral 1-05 ; bill 1-Go. 

Female. Crown and nape grass-green, a little duller than the 
back, the frontal feathers more glittering; under surface from the 
chin to the breast chestnut, the sides of the throat washed with 
green; lateral rectriees white, the outermost pair black on the 
outer web for two-thirds of their distal end and with the inner web 
dusky near the tip ; the next pair are dusky on the edge of the outer 
web for one-third of their distal end, this dusky margin crossing 
the feather to the inner web, leaving the shaft white. 

Hah. Peru and Bolivia on the eastern slopes of the Andes. 

a. S &d.; b, c. § ad. Coroico, Bolivia (Warsze- Gould Coll. (Types 
sk. wiez). of the species.) 
d. $ 
ad.; e. <J juv. Cillutincara, Bolivia (Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. ley). 
f. 
§ ad. sk. Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Buckley). 
g~i. S ad.; /, k. $ Bolivia (Buckley). Gould & Sclater 
ad. sk. Colls. 
I 
(S ad. sk. Huasampilla, Peru, Oct. (H. Gould Coll. 
Whitely). 

2. Bonrcieria insectivora. 
Trochilus insectivorus, Tsch. Faun. Per. p. 248. f. 1. 
Bourcieria fulgidigula, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 7, pi. 749. 3. 471820? 


Bourcieria insectivora, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 135; Tacz. P.Z.S. 
1874, p. 543,1882, p. 38; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 389 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1876, 

p. 5; id. Syn. Troch. p. 76 • Sharpe in Goulds Suppl. Troch. pi. 20 
(Mar. 1887). 
Polysena insectivora, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 216. 


VOL. XVI. 
E 

130 TBOCHILI. 

Diphlogaena insectivora, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 61. 
Homophaina insectivora, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 213 ; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining greenish black, a frontal spot 
glittering greenish blue, and an occipital spot of glittering green ; 
throat glittering green tinged with blue; abdomen green ; a wide 
pectoral band white; under tail-coverts green; wings blackish 
with a purple gloss ; tail forked, the central rectrices brassy green, 
the rest white with brassy-green tips; bill black. Total length 
about 6 inches, wing 3-2, tail 1*95, bill 1*45. (Ex Taczanowski, 

I. s. c.) 
Female. Upper surface including the crown uniform shining 
grass-green; throat white, each feather with a discal green spot. 

Hah. Peru. 
a. J ad. sk.
b. $ ad. sk. 
. Peru (Tschudi). 
[Peru.]
(A typ 
" 
ical specimen.; 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

3. Bourcieria conra&i. 
Trochilus conradi, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 45. 
Bourcieria conradi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 73; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p 252 ; 
Gould, Mori. Troch. iv. pi. 253 (Sept 18.19); id. Intr. Ttwh. 

p. 136; Scl $8ah. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 782 ; Elliot, Syn. Troth, p. 76. 
Bourcieria a. Conradinia conradi, Reich. Troch. Enum, p. 7, pi. 747. 
fit. 4714-15. 
Ilelianthea conradi, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 80. 
Polyoma conradi, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 216. 
DipMogsena conradi, Mids. $• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 61. 
Homophaina conradi, Muls. Hist. Nat. 0 is.-Mouches, ii. p. 320, iv. 

p. 213 j id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 
Adult male. Upper surface, throat, and abdomen shining grass-
green, the head and throat more glittering; breast with a wide 
white band; central rectrices golden green, lateral white with 
golden-green tips, wider towards the outermost pair; outermost 
primary edged with rufous; bill black. Total length about o'-L 
inches, wing 3-1; tail, central rectrices 1*4-, lateral 1*8; bill 1*45. 

Female. Like the male, but duller ; the throat white; the lateral 
feathers with green discal spots. 
Hah. Venezuela, in the highlands. 

a-d. 3 ad.; e, f. Sierra Nevada de Merida, Salvin-Godman, Gould, 
5ad. sk. Venezuela (Goering). & Sclater Colls. 
g-j. <$ ad.; k $ [Venezuela] [Linden). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

4. Bourcieria torquata. 
Ornismya torquata, Boiss. Pev. Zool 1840, p. 6. 
Bourcieria torquata, Bp. Consp. i. p. 73 ; id. Pev. Zool 1854, p. 251 • 
Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 251 (May 1854); id. Intr. Troch. p. 135 \ 

31 . BOTTRCIEEIA. 
id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 309; Elliot Sim. 
Troch. p. 77; Scl. $ Sate. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 5.30; Tacz. & Berl. 

P. Z. S. 188-5, p. 105; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 324 
Bourcieria ,3. Honiophaina prunellii, Reich. Troch. Emm. p. 7, pi. 748. 
£L 4710-17. * l 
Homopliaina torquata, Cab. § Seine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 70; Muls. 
Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 316, iv. p. 213; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, sxii. p. 210. 

Polytena torquata, Heine, J.f.O.n. 3 803, p. 215. 
Diphlogsena torquata, Muls. 4* Terr. Class. Troch. p. 01. 
Trochilus torquatus, Gray, Hand-l. B. I. p. 139. 


Adult male. Upper surface black, with a greenish gloss on the 
lower back and wing-coverts, a glossy violet occipital spot; throat 
black, the central feathers with dark green discal spot, a wide 
white pectoral band; abdomen black; under tail-coverts dark 
green, central rectrices greenish black, lateral white with greenish-
black tips, wider on the outermost feathers; bill black. Total 
length about D'5 inches, wing 3*1, tail 1*9, bill 1*0. 

Female. Upper surface and abdomen dark shining grass-green, 
darker on the crown ; throat white, each feather with a dark green 
discal spot; breast white as in the male. 


Youwj birds are dusky black beneath, the white feathers of the 
breast begin to appear at the sides and gradually spread irregularly 
across; the occipital spot is the last to develop. 

Hah. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. $ ad. sk. Santa Elena, Colombia (P. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
K. Salmon). 
b. <$ juv. sk. Medellin, Colombia (P. K. Gould Coll. 
&). . 
c-f. <$ ad.; ff-j. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, Gould, 
c?juv. ;kjl*2 & Sclater Colls. 
ad. sk. 
m, n. S ad. sk. Balsa, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
o-r. $ ad.; $. <$ Bancs, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 

juv.; t, it. 2 Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. 
v, w. <$ ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll, 

x. Ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
5. Bourcieria folgidigiila. 
Bourcieria fulgidisula, 
Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. p. 252 (May, 1854) j 
id. Intr. Troch.)}. 135; Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 145, 1800, p. 81; 
id. Cat. Am. B. p. 309; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 70; Berl, Sr Tacz. 

P. Z. S. 1884, p. 304. 
Homopliaina fulgidigula, Cab.fy Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 79 ; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Qis.-Mouches, ii. p. 318, iv. p. 213; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, sxii. p. 210. 

Poly ana fulgidigula, Heme, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 210. 
Trochilus fulgidigula, Gray, Hand-l. B, L p. 139. 


Adult male. Like that of B. torquata, but with the occipital spot 
K2 

132 
TROCHXLI. 

of a greener hue, the throat bright grass-green, and the lower 
back and abdomen glossed with dark green. 

Female and young birds are like those of the allied species, and 
difficult to be distinguished from them; the throat and abdomen of 
the female are of a rather lighter green. 

Hob. Ecuador. 
a, b. £ ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

c. $ juv. sk. Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d-f. 
tf ad. sk. Ecuador (Fraser). Salvin-Godman, Gould, 
J & Sclater Colls. 

g. d ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
h~?i. (S ad. ; o, p. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
rfjuv.; q~v. ? 
ad. sk. 


32. 
EUDOSIA. 
Type. 
Eudosia, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii, p. 2 (1878). E. traviesi. 
Range. Colombia. 

1. lu&osia traviesi. 
Diphlogena (Helianthea) traviesi,, Muls* <§* Verr. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, 1866, n. 199. 
Eudosia traviesi, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 2, pi. G6; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 323. 
Boureieria traviesi, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 77*. Sharpe in Gould's 
Suppl. Troch. pi. 21 (Mar. 1887). 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green ; npper tail-

coverts purple-bronze; forehead and middle of the crown blue, 

shading into greenish blue towards the occiput; throat green ; chin 

black, followed by a violet gular spot• a large white pectoral spot ; 

abdomen, flanks, and under tail-coverts glittering grass-green ; tail 

dark bronzy green; bill black. Total length about 4*8 inches, 

wing 3; tail, central rectrices 1*65, lateral 1*9 ; bill 1*5. 

Young males have the crown dark green like the back, the whole 
throat dusky black; the thoracic male characters are assumed before 
those of the crown. 

Hah. Colombia. 

a. <$ juv. sk. [Colombia.] Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Juv. sk. [Colombia.] Salvin-Godman Coll. 
33. LAMPEOPYGIA. 
Type. 

Boureieria y. Lampropygia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 
(18540 ............... L.wilsoni. 
Boureieria /3. Homophaina, Reich. Aufz. d. CoL p. 10 
(1854) .*.,, L. prunellii 
Piloma, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 4 (1876).. L. prunellii. 

Range. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

33 . LAMPftOPYaiA. 
133 

Key to the Species, 

a. A white patch on either side of the breast. 
a'. General plumage Mack with a "bright gular spot. 
a". Gular spot shining green or bluish green; 
scapulars blue prunellii, p. 133. 
b". G-ular spot dark purple; scapulars dark 
purple-bronze assimilis, p. 134. 
b\ 
General plumage dark purple-brown; gular 
feathers edged with pale dusky purpurea, p. 134. 

y. Gular feathers shining rosy purple. wilsoni, p. L34. 
5. Xo white spot on either side of the breast. 
c\ Upper surface, including the tail, dark rufous-

bronze; luwer back (viewed from behind) 

shining coppery green 1 
cceligena, p. 135. 

d'. Upper surface, including the tail, dark olive-

green ; lower back (viewed from behind) 

shining green 
columbiana, p. 135. 

e\ 
Upper surface, including the tail, blackish 
brown; lower back (viewed from behind) 
shining green boliviana, p. 136. 

1. Lampropygia prunellii. 
Trochilus prunellii, Bovrc. <J- Mtth. Ann. So. Phys. et JS7at. Lyon. vi. 
p. SO (ib43) ; Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 130. 
Bourcieria prunellii, Bp. Consp. i. p. 73; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 252; 
Elliot, Syn. TrocL p. 78; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 324. 
Bourcieria torquata, Belch. Track. Enum. p. 7, pi. 750. if. 4721-22. 
Cosligena prunellii, Gould, Mon. Track, iv. pi. 257 (Sept. 1857). 
Homophaina prunellii, Cab. fy Heme, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 79. 
Lampropvgia prunellii. Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 137; Scl. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 309; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 58. 
Diphlogsena (Helianthea) prunellii, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 61 . 
Pilonia prunellii, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 4, iv. p. 214. 
Eudosia prunellii, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 
Adult male. General plumage black, a golden-gieen gloss on the 

rump when viewed from in front: tipper tail-coverts dark purple; 

when viewed from behind the whole back is of a shining coppery-

purple lustre, brighter and more golden on the rump; the scapulars 

are lustrous blue, shading into dark purple on the smaller wing-

coverts ; a large white spot on each side of the breast; a gular spot 

shining greenish blue; under tail-coverts black, with dull white edges; 

tail deep purple-black; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, 

wing 3*1; tail, central rectrices 1*5, lateral 1*9 ; bill 1*3. 

Female. Like the male. 

Hah. Colombia. 

a-g. <$ ad.; hyi. Colombia (Bogotamake).' Salvin-Godman,Gould, 
juv. sk. & Sclater Colls. 

7. Ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
134 TEOOHILI. 

2. Lampropygia assimilis. 
Lampropygia ?, Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 58. 
Bourcieria assimilis, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 78; JBerl J.f.O.n. 1884, 


p. 310,1887, p. 824; id. Zeiischr. yes. Orn. iv. p. 120, pL 3. f. 2. 
Adult male. Similar to that of L. prunellii, but with the gular 
spot of a deep purple colour; the scapulars and wing-coverts also 
are dark bronze instead of blue. (Mus. v. BtrlejpscK) 

Bob. Colombia. 

This is apparently a distinct species allied to L, prunella, but 
differing as stated above. The only specimen I have seen was 
submitted to me by Graf von Berlepsch. 

3. Lampropygia purpurea. 
Oceligena purpurea, Gould, Mon. Track iv. pi. 25G (Oct. 1854); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 137; Eeich. Troch. Enum. p. 3, pL 753. if. 4727-28. 
Lampropygia purpurea, Cab. c$* Heine, Mus. Ileiu. iii. p. 78 j Elliot, 

Ibis, 1876, p, 59. 
Pilonia purpurea, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-3fonche$, iv. p. 213. 
Bourcieria purpurea, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 78. 


Adult male. General plumage dark purple-brown, darker on the 
crown, a greenish lustre on the rump; upper tail-coverts, scapulars, 
and wing-coverts rich dark purple; a white spot on each side of the 
breast; throat dusky brown, each feather with a pale du&ky edge ; 
abdomen and under tail-coverts blackish brown, the latter edged 
with rufous; tail uniform dark bronze-brown; edge of the wing 
and edge of the outermost primary chestnut. 

Female unknown. 
Eab. Unknown, but probably Colombia. 


a. Ad. sk. [Popayan.] Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
4. Lampropygia wilsoni. 
TrocMlus wilsoni, JDelattre § Bourc. Rev. ZooL 1840, p. 305: Gray 
Hand-l. B. i. p. 139. 
Bourcieria wilsoni, Bp. Consp. i. p. 73; id. Rev. ZooL 1854, p 950. 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 77. ' 
Bourcieria 7. Lampropygia wilsoni. Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 7, pi 751 
ff. 4723-24. " i ' * 

Coeligena wilsoni, Goidd, Mon. Troch iv. pi. 258 (May 1850) * 
Jameson & Eraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 400 ; Set. P. Z. S. 1850 r> 145? 
1800, p. 94. ' *' > 

Lampropygia wilsoni, Cab. # Heine, Mus. Hein, iii. p. 78 ; Scl Cat 
Am. B. p. 309; Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 137: Elliot Ibis, 1876, p. 79 • 
JBerl $r Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 567,1884, p. 304. l 

Diphlogaena (Helanthea) wilsoni, Muls. \ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 61. 
Pilonia wilsoni, Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 7. 
Eudosia wilsoni, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Zyon, xxii. p. 216. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark bronzy brown, greener on the 

33 . LAMPROPYGIA. 
rump; upper tail-coverts darker bronze; under surface dark brown, 
chin black, a large gular spot shining purple; a spot on each side 
of the neck -white ; under tail-coverts indistinctly edged with rufous • 
edge of wing and eds;e of outermost primary chestnut; tail dark 
bronze; bill black. Total length about 4-8 inches, wing 2*9; tail, 
central rectrices 1*4, lateral 1*7 ; bill 1*4. 

Female. Like the male. 

Young birds in their first plumage are very like the adult and 
possess the white spots on the side of the neck. The purple throat 
is assumed at a later stage. 

Hub. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Pasto, Ecuador (Lehmanri). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b-d. S ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. Juv. sk. Citado, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
/, y. S ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
h-m. $ ad.; n. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

5. Lampropygia coeligena. 
Omismya ealigena, Less. Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 141, pi. 53. 
Trochilu^ cajluyena, Less.Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xviii: Gray,Hand-LB. 


i. p. 130. 
Coeligena typica, Bp. Consp. i. p. 73; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252; Reich. 
Aufz. d. Col. p. 7 ; id. Troch. JEnum. p. 3, pi. 686. f. 4515. 
Lainpropvgia coeligena, Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 78 ; ScL Cat. 
Am. I>\ p. 309; Gould, Inir. Troch. p. 136; id. P. Z. S.1870, p. 80; 
ScL 4'- Salv. P. Z. S. 1808, pp. 169, 629; Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 55 ; 
Muk. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 10, iv. p. 214; id. Ann. 8oc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216. 

Bourcieria coeligena, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 79. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark rufous-bronze, with a tinge of 
purple on the crown and upper tail-coverts; rump shining green 
wrhen viewed from behind, preceded on each feather with a zone of 
bright bronze; tail dark rufous-bronze *. under surface dusky, the 
feathers of the throat edged with white, under tail-coverts edged 
with rufous ; edge of wing and of outermost primary chestnut; bill 
black. Total length about 5*8 inches, wing 3'15; tail, central rectrices 
1*5, lateral 2*05; bill 1*6. 

Female. Like the male. 
Hah. Yenezuela. 


a, L Ad. sk. Venezuela (Goeriny). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

c. Ad. sk. Venezuela (Sjience). Sclater Coll. 
d-h. Ad. sk. [Venezuela.] Gould Coll. 
I Ad. sk. Aragua, Venezuela. E. Dyson [C.]. 
6; Lampropygia columbiana. 

Coeligena typica, Goidd, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 255 (Oct. 1854). 
Lampropygia coeligena. Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 378; Tacz. P. Z< 8. 
1874, p. 543,1879, p. 239; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 390. 

136 TEOCHILI. 

Diphlogama (Helianthea) lessoni, Muk. § Yen. Class. Troeh. p. 61. 

Lampropygia eolumbiana, Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 57; Mute. Hist. Xat. 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 12, iv. p. 214; JScl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 530; 
Tacz. # Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 105. 

Bourcieria colunibiana, Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 79; Berl. J. /• Orn. 
1887, p. 824. 

Adult male. Very similar to that of L. cceligena, but the plumage 
generally of a much more olive tint. The size, too, is less. 
Hab. Colombia, Ecuador, and ]ST. Peru. 

a. Ad. sk. Frontino, Colombia (T. K. Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. 
c-i. Ad. sk, 
Salmon). 
Medellin, Colombia (71 K. &). 
Colombia (Bogota make). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
j . Ad. sk. 
k. Ad. sk. 
I Ad. sk. 
m. Ad. sk. 
n. Ad. sk. 
o, Ad. sk. 
Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). 
Intae, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Ulloa, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Bafios, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Ecuador (Buckley). 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

7. Lampropygia boliviana. 
Lampropygia boliviana, Gould, Intr. Troeh. ig, 137 ; Elliot, Ibisf 187$, 
p. 57 ; Mills. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 13, pi. G7 ; id. Ann. 
Soc.Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 216; Scl. § Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 030. 
, Bourcieria boliviana, Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 79. 

Adult. In its dark upper surface this species resembles L. cceligena 
rather than L. columbiana, but is blacker and not so rufeseent, the 
discal spots of the crown-feathers are dark green rather than purple. 
The tail is of a blacker more purple-bronze than that of either of 
the allied species. 

Hab. Bolivia. 
a, b. Ad. sk. Bella Vista, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c, d. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll 
(Buckley), 
e-i. Ad. sk. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 
j . Ad. sk. Boliva. Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 

34. CYAffOLESBIA. 
Type. 

Cynanthus, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 330 (1837) (nee 1827); 

Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 150 , C. o'orffo. 
Lesbia, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 71 \\ C. mocoa. 
Cyanolesbia, Stej. Auk. ii. p. 46 (1885). 

Range. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

34 . CYANOIESBIA. 
137 

Key to the Species *. 

a. 
Lateral pair of rectrices glittering violet-blue. 
a'. Smaller; under surface greener gorgo, p. 137. 
V. Larger ; under surface browner ccelestis, p. 139. 
b. 
Lateral pair of rectrices like the rest, glittering 
green. 
c'. Upper surface darker; gular spot sapphire-blue; 
tail longer . mocoa, p. 140. 
d\ Upper surface lighter; gular spot greener; tail [p. 140. 
shorter smaraqdina, 

1. Cyaiiolesbia gorgo. 
? Long-tailed Green Humming-bird, Edw. i. pi. 33. 
? Troehilus forficatus, Linn. Syst Nat i. p. 190; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 


p. 48C; Vieill N. Diet. oJHist N Tii. p. 366; id. Enc. MSth. 
p. 559. 
Oiseau-Mouches a longe Queue, or, yert et bleu, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. 
vi. p. 38. 
L'Oiseau-AIouche a tete bleu, Aud. fy Vieill. Dor. i. p. 129, pi. CO. 
Troehilus cvanurus, Steph. in Shaw's Zool xiv. p. 339 (1826) (nee 
VieilL); "Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 143. 
Troehilus kingi, Less. Hist. Nat. Troeh. p. 107, pi. 38; id. Ind. Gen. 
Troeh. p. xviii. 
Cynanthus forficatus, Sw. Classif. B. ii. p. 330 (1836) {nee Linn. ? ?); 

Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 81; Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 151. 
Ornismya (Lesbia) kingi, Boiss. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 7. 
Mellisuga forficata, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Mellisuga cyanura, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Lesbia gorgo, Reich. Aujz. d. Col pp. 8, 24 j Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 301; 

Cab. 6f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 71. 
Lesbia forficata, Beieh. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troeh. Enum. p. 5, pi. 718. 
ft. 4028-9; Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252; Cab. # Heine, Mus. Hein, 

iii. p. 71; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 301; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, 
p. 109. 
Cynanthus cyanurus, Gould, Mon. Troeh. iii. pi. 172 (May 1852); 
id. Intr. Troeh. p. 102 ; Muls.Sf Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 83; Wyatt, 
Ibis, 1871, p. 377; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 235; Elliot, Ibis, 
1876, p. 10; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 268, iv. p. 220; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224. 

Lesbia kingi, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 212. 

* 
The following species is unknown to me:— 
CYANOLESBIA GRISEIVENTRIS. 

Cynanthus griseiyentris, Tacz. T. Z. S. 1883, p. 72; id. Orn. TSr. i. p. 334. 

" C. supra viridis, fronte squamosa longissime splendidissima; subtus totus 
pallid© cinereus, praso gulari splendide cseruleo, plumis basi albis; crisso albo; 
tectricibus alarum dorso concoloribus; campterio albo; remige primo externe 
albo zuarginato; Cauda profunde emarginata, splendide -viridi, reetricibus 
ruediis splendore apicali latissime cupreo; reetricibus externis nigris Yiridi terminatis; 
cauda subtus cseruleo virens. 

"Hab. 
Paucal, Peru (Raymondi)." (Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 334.) 

138 TROCHILI. 

Lesbia niargaretha3, Heine, J.f Oni. 1863, p. 213. 
Lesbia cyanurus, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 213. 
Mellisuga &alvadorii, Beav. Ann. Mus. Zool. Floy. 1865, p. 204, 
Cynanthns gorge, Muls. fy Terr. Class. Track, p. 83. 
Cyanole&bia cyanura gorgo, Berl, J.f Orn. 1887, p. 326. 


Adult male (Bogota). Upper surface dark shining grass-green: 
crown glittering green, drawn to a point towards the nape and edged 
with black on either side, when viewed from in front; under surface 
dull green, a gular spot glittering sapphire-blue ; tail rich 
violet-blue, black at the ba.se, the exposed portion of the eight 
median feathers very frequently shading into glittering green 
towards their tips; bill black. Total length about b'3 inches, 
wing 2'7o ; tail, central rectrices 1, lateral about S'Q ; bill 0*feo. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining bronzy green; crown shining 
green ; under surface chestnut; throat white, each feather with, a 
green disk; flanks green; lateral rectrices steel-blue with white 
tips, rebt shining green above. Length of lateral rectrices 1*0 inch, 
of the next pair 1-75, central 0*0. 

Young males are like the old males above and beneath; but the 
crown is dull green, and the tail in the first instance like that of 
the female; the brilliant rectrices of the adult are first developed, 
and afterwards the gular spot and the glittering crown. 

Ilab. Colombia and Venezuela. 
Some females from Bogota have the crown shining blue and the 
breast white. 
Specimens from the Venezuelan province of Caracas (margaretJue^ 
Heine) are lighter green above, and all the rectrices except the 
lateral pair are glittering green like those of 0. mocoa. The male 
from Caripe, further to the eastward, has a tail which is nearly 
pure violet-blue on the exposed upper surface, and the lateral pair of 
feathers are unusually long and wide. Specimens from Herida are 
without the gular spot. It is quite possible that several well-marked 
forms are here united, but most of the specimens before me have their 
origin too indefinitely marked to justify my attempting their separation. 
The males from Bogota with pure violet tails may come 
from a different valley from those which have the central rectrices 
more or less green. 

The name Trocldlus cijanurus cannot be used for any of these 
forms. Its application by Vieillot in 1823 (Enc. ^eth. p. 550) to 
a figure of Seba's (Thes.i. p. 84, pi. 51. f. 7), which does not represent 
one of the TrocMlidce at all, excludes Stephens's T. cyanurus 
of 1826. I therefore use gorgo, Beieh., for the Bogota bird, as has 
already been done by Count Berlepseh. 

Linngeus's title T. forficaius, has often been applied to this bird, 
but a reference to Edwards's plate (upon which the Linneean name 
was founded) and the reproductions of it, shows that it cannot be 
employed with any certainty. 

The title 0. gorgo (lleich.) applies to the Colombian bird, wjiich 
has the central rectrices more or less emerald-green, and thus comes 
very near to the Caracas bird called 0, margarethce (Heine). 

34 . CTAJS'OLESBIA. 
139 

The birds from Eastern Venezuela and Merida, as well as the 
violet-tailed form from Colombia, are without names that can bo 
properly applied to them. 

Form a. ? 

a. £ 
ad. sk. Forests of Caripe, E. Yene- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
zuela, June 18G7 (A. 
Goaring). 
Form I. G. margaretliee (Heine). 
b, c. <$ ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela {Salle). Gould Coll. 

d. S ad.; e. § ad. Caracas. Gould Coll. 
sk. 
/ . 
$ ad. sk. Valley of Aragua; Vene- E. Dyson [C.]. 
zuela. 

g. $ ad. sk. Venezuela (JSpence). Sclater Coll. 
Form c* 

h. 
S ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela (v. Ber- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lepsch). 
Form d. C. gorgo (Eeieh.). 

i-n. c^ad.; o-r. $ Colombia (Bogota make), Salvin-Godman, Gould, 
juv.; s-v. J ad. & Sclater Coils. 
sk. 


Form e. ? 

w-y. 6 ad.; z. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 


d. 
d ad.; b'. ? Purchased. 
ad. st. 
2. Cyauolesbia ccelestis. 
Cynanthus 
ccelestis, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 102; Muls. § Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 83; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 96. 
Cynanthus cvanurus, Scl. P. Z, S. 1889, pp. 70, 95; Gould, P. Z. S. 
"1870, p. 803. 
Lesbia ccelestis, Scl. Cat. Am. P. p. 301; Seine, J.f.O.n. 18G3, 

p. 212. 
Trochilus ccelestis, Gray, Hand~l. B. i. p. 143. 
Cynanthus cyanurus ccelestis, BerL § Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 507, 
1884, p. 305. 

Adult male. Similar to that of C. gorgo, but larger and with a 
larger bill; the under surface is browner, the feathers haying brown 
edges, and this also applies to the under tail-coyerts. 

Adult female. The crown varies from shining green to shining 

blue, and the breast is always white. 
Young males go through the same changes as in C. gorgo. 
Hob. Colombia (Popayan) and Ecuador. 


a. 
cJ ad. sk. Popayan, Colombia. Gould Coll. 
Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. d ad. sk. 
140 
TEOCHILI. 

c. (5 ad. sk. Pallatanga, Ecuador, Nov. Sclater Coll. 
(Erase?*). 
d. 
tfad.; e. $ juv.; Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
/. $ ad. sk. 
g-o. <$ ad.-,p~s.<$ Ecuador. Gould Coll. (Type 
juv.; t-v. $ ad. sk. of the species.) 
w~b'. <$ ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godraan Col], 

3. Cyanolesbia mocoa. 
Trochilus 
mocoa, Del. fy Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 311; Gray, 
Hand4. B. i. p. 148. 
Cynanthus mocoa, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 81; Gould, Intr. Troch. 

p. 103; Mufo & Verr. Class. Troch. p. 83; Gould, P. Z. S. 1870, 
p. 803; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 544; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 334; 
Whitely, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 188; Sol $> Sate. P. Z. S. 1879, pp. 529, 
628; Mills. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouclies, iii. p. 271; id. Ann. Sac. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224; Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. 152; Tacz. % 
Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 103. 
Lesbia mocoa, Reich. Avfz. d. Col p. 8; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, 
pi. 717. £4620-7; Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252; Seine, J.f.O.n. 
1863, p. 212. 

Cynanthus smaragdicauda, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 173 (3Xay 
1852). 

Adult male. Similar to that of G. gorgo, but with the whole of 
the exposed upper surface of the tail glittering green; gular spot 
sapphire-blue. 


Hal. Colombia (Cauca Valley) and Ecuador. 

a. S ad. sk. Santa Elena, Antioquia, Co- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lombia (T. K. Salmon). 
b. 
tfad.; c. $ ad. Antioquia (T. K. 8.). Sclater Coll. 
sk. 
d. <$ juv, sk. Popayan, Colombia. Gould Coll. 
e. $ juv. sk. Santiago, Ecuador [Lehmann). Gould Coll. 
f-i. J ad.; j , 7c. Banos, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
5 juv. sk. Gould Colls. 
l-p. $ ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 


q. $ ad. sk. Peru ? 
Gould CoU. 
4. Cyanolesbia smarag&raa. 
Trochilus (Lesbia) smaragdinus, Gould, P. Z. S.1846, p. So. 
Mellisuga smaragdinis, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Cynanthus bolivianus, Gould, Ann. $* Mag. N. H. 1880, v. p. 489 ; 


id. Suppl Mon. Troch pi. 40 (Aug. 1880); Elliot, Ann. <§• Mag. 

N. H. 1880, vi. p. 232. 
Lesbia mocoa, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 1. 
Adult male. Similar to that of G. mocoa, but with a shorter tail 
and with the gular spot glittering pale greenish bine rather than 
sapphire-bine. 

Adult female. Upper surface bronzy green, the crown brighter 
bluish green ; abdomen chestnut; throat white, each feather with 
a large green discal spot. 

Hah. Bolivia. 

35 . ZODALIA. 
14L 
All Bolivian males of this form that I have seen differ from 
typical C. moooa in the points indicated above; but see Mr. Elliot's 

notes on this bird. 
a, b. (S ad.;
juv. sk. 
c. S Tilotilo, Yungas, 
(Bucklei/). 
Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. 3 ad. sk.
e-i c? ad.; j . d1juv.; k. 5 ad. sk.
1. <$ ad. sk. 
Liria, Yungas, Bolivia(Buckley), 
Bolivia (Buckley). 
Bolivia. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. (Types 
of C. boliviano,.) 
Bridges [0.]. 

35. 
ZODALIA. 
Type. 
Zodalia, Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 281 (1876) .. Z. ortoni. 
Range. Southern Colombia, Ecuador. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Upper surface shining green 
glyceria, p. 141. 
b. Upper surface shining purple 
ortoni, p. 142, 
1. Zodalia glyceria. 
Cometes mossia, Gould, Rep. Brit 
Assoc. 1853, p. 68; Athenceum, 

1853, p. 1166. 
Leshia glyceria, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252. 
Cometes ? glyceria, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 176 (May 1858); id. 

Intr. Troch. p. 104; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225. 
Sparganura mossai, Cab. $• Helm, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 52. 
Zodalia glyceria, Muls. Hist Nat Ok.-Mouches, iii. p. 283; Elliot, 

Syn. Troch. p. 150. 
Sparganura glyceria, Gould, Suppl. Troch. pi. 38 (Aug. 1880). 

Young male9. Upper surface dark shining bluish green, the 
feathers of the crown edged with rusty red (immaturity ?); under 
surface dusky buff, the feathers of the flanks and sides of the neck 
with bluish discal spots, throat glittering brassy olive-green; tail 
dark shining purple, the lateral rectrices for three fourths of their 
outer webs and the Shaft adjoining dusky white, the shaft of the 
next feather also dusky white; bill black. Total length about 
5-7 inches, wing 2*5; tail, central rectrices 1*25, lateral 3*2; 
bill 3*7. 

Female unknown. 
Eah. Colombia (Popayan). 
This species was never characterized by Gould under the name 


0. mossia, either in the < Athenaeum9 or Brit. Assoc. Rep. It must 
therefore stand as G. glyceria, the name given to it by Bonaparte 
and adopted by Gould in the ' Monograph of Troehilidse/ 
a. S 
juv. sk. Popayan, Colombia (Mossa). Gould Coll. (Type 
of species.) 
142 
TEO CHILI. 

2. Zodalia ortoni 
Lesbia 
ortoni, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix, p. 269; Mick. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225. 
Zodalia ortoni, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 2S2; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 140; Gould, Sicpjjl. Troch pi. 38 (Aug. 1880;. 

Adult male. " Entire upper surface and wing-coverts of a rich 
glossy purple; the concealed bases of the feathers are green ; ripper 
tail-coverts similar in colour to the back, but marked centrally 
between the purple and green with crimson; the tail-feathers are 
brownish black, except the two central, which are green ; the ends 
of the eight middle feathers are largely marked with a deep vinous 
bronzy crimson, most in extent on the short central feathers; the long 
outer feather on each side ends with obscure bronzy green; the outer 
edge of the lateral feather is buff for three quarters of its length 
from the base—this colour occupying only about one third the width 
of the web ; the under surface of the tail is steel-blue, bronzy at the 
ends of the feathers ; the shafts of the two long lateral feathers are 
whitish at the base for about half their length; wings brownish 
purple ; the throat gorget is of a brilliant metallic pale green ; the 
sides of the neck:, Breast, upper "part* of the abdomen, and sides are 
a shining green ; lower part of abdomen ashy buff. Bill and feet 

black. Length 5 J inches, wing 2| ; tail, lateral feathers 3 fa short 
central ones 1 ^ ; bill |." {Lawr. L s. c.) 

Adult female. Upper surface dark shining bluish green ; under 
surface pale buff, becoming nearly white on the lower abdomen ; 
feathers of the throat, breast, and flanks with green diseal spots; 
tail dark purple, central rectrices greener, lateral narrowly tipped 
with dusky white. Length of the central rectrices 1*1, lateral 2. 

Hah Ecuador. 
a. J ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h j ad. sk. Ecuador ? Gould Coll. 

36. SAPPHO. 
„ 
Type. 
Conietes, Gould, P. Z. S. 1841, p. 31 (nee Hodys. 1837) S. sparganura. 
Sappho, Reich. Syst. Av. pi. 40 (1849) S. sparganura. 
Sparganura, Cab. fy Heine, 3Ius. Hein. iii. p. 62 

(1860) , S. sparganura. 
Polyonymus, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 206 S. carol! 
Leobia, Mais. Hist. Nat Ols.-Mouches, iii. p. 298 .. S. caroli. 

Range. Andes of Central Peru; Bolivia and Chili; Argentine 
Kepublic. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tail long, glittering red or orange-red; throat 
glittering green. 
a'. Back crimson; tail glittering orange-red spar gamer a, p. 143. 
b'. Back dark crimson; tail glittering red...... phaon, p. 144. 

b. Tail shorter and duller; throat glittering red .. caroli, p. 144. 
36. SAPPHO. 143 
1. Sappho sparganura. 
Trocliilus sparganurus, Shaw, Gen. Zool. Tiii. p. 291, pi. 39; Gray. 
Hand-l B. i. p. 143. 
Trocliilus chysurus. Guv. Bean. An. i. p. 480 (1829) ; Tsch. Faun. 
Per. p. 244. 
Ornismva sappho, Less. Hist. Nat, Ois.-JIoucJies, pp. xlii, 105, pis. 

27, 28 ; id. Man. tfOrn. ii. p. 83; id. Traiti d'Orn. p. 272. 
Trocliilus sappho, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xvii. 
Trocliilus ckrysochloris, Less. Suppl. Ois-Mouches, p. 98. 
Oini^nrya ehysura, d'Orb. fy Lafr. Syn. A v. ii. p, 2G. 
Mellisuga sparganura, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Cometes sappho, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 31. 
Cometes sparganura<, Bp.Chnsp. i. p. 81; Les Murs, in Casteh. Toy. 

Ok. p. 39 ; Gould, Man. Troch. iii. pi. 174 (Oct. 1858) ; id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 104; Burm. J.f. Dm. 1800, p. 245; id. La-Plata Reise, 

ii. p. 449; ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 301; JIuls. Hist. Nat. Oist-
Mouches, iii. p. 274 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 134. 
Sappho sparganura, Belch. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. Bnum. 

p. 5, pi. 724. fL 4051-2; Mute. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 83; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 154; Mids. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lijon, xxii. 
p. 224-ScL £ Sab. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 028; Salu. Ibis, 1880, p. 363. 
Letliia ^p trganura, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252. 
Spanranura .^appko, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 52; E. W. 
White, P. Z. S. 1S82, p. 015 ; ScL § Huds. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 3. 

Adult male. Crown, neck, and under surface shining bronze-
green; back and rump shining crimson; throat glittering grass-
green ; tail dark brown, the exposed portion on the npperside fiery 
orange-red, the central pair of rectrices narrowly, the rest widely 
tipped with black; basal portion of the outer web of the lateral 
rectrices dusky, the adjoining portion of the shafts whitish; bill 
Mack. Total length about 7 inches, wing 2*06 ; tail, central rectrices 
1, lateral 4*4; bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining green, becoming coppery on 
the upper tail-coverts * an irregular whitish patch on the rump ; 
under surface whitish, all the feathers, except those on the middle 
of the abdomen, with green discs; under tail-coverts buff; exposed 
surface of the tail fiery orange-red, the central rectrices tipped with 
black, outermost feathers with the whole of the outer web, the 
shaft, and the adjoining part of the inner web (except at the base) 
whitish, the next pair of rectrices narrowly tipped with whitish. 
Length of central rectrices 1 inch, lateral 1*9, next pair 2. 

Young male. Similar to the female, but with longer, more fiery 
orange-red tail; the outermost rectrix like that of the female, but 
without white on the inner web. The plumage of the adult first 
shows on the middle of the back and subsequently on the throat. 

Hah, Eastern Bolivia, the Argentine Eepublic, and the Andes of 

Chili. 
a, b. <$ ad. sk.
c. S juv. sk.
d. S jnv. &k. 
Ohuquisaca, Bolivia {Bridges). 
Bolivia (Bridges). 
Salta, Argentine Rep., June. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
H. Durnford [C.]. 

144 
TROCHIXI. 

e. d ad. sk. Jackal, Anr. Rep. Gould Coll. 
f. 6 
ad.; g. 6 Tucuman, June. H. Durnford [C.]. 
juv.; h. $ ad. 
sk. 
i,j. tfad.; k. <S Portillo Pass, Ckilian Andes Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.; l,m. $ (Weisshaupt). 
ad. sk. 

n. 
(S ad.; o,p. $ Portillo Pass. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
q. $ ad.; r. $ Ckilian Andes (Zeybold). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
s. 
cJ ad.; t. $ "Brazil." S. Feilding, Esq. 
juv. sk. I?.]. 
u. $ juv. sk. 
Gould CoU. 
v. $ 
ad.; w. $ Purchased. 
ad. st. 
a?. $ ad. sk. Bolivia. 
— Bridges [0.]. 

2. Sappho phaon. 
Omismya chrysura, var., 6!Orb*fy Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 27. 
Coruetes phaon, Gould, F. -2T. & 1847, p. 81; z^. Jlow. Troch. ill. 
pi. 175 (Oct. 1853); id. Intr. Troch. p. 104; Bp. Conqi. Ai\ i. 

p. 81; Muk, Hist. Nat. Ois-Mouches, iii. p. 270, pi. 97; Elliot, 
Ibis, 1877, p. 135. 
Mellisuga phaon, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Sappko phaon, Reich Atifz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. Emt?n. p. 5, 

pi. 725. ff. 4653-4; Muk. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 83; Elliot, 
8yn. Troch. p. 154; Muls. Ann. Boo. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 2"2*5; 
Scl $r Salv. F. Z. 8. 1879, p. 628. 

Lesbia phaon, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252. 
Sparganura phaon, Cab.fy Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 52. 
Trockilus phaon, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 143. 


Adult male. Similar to that of 8. sparganura, but with longer, 
more curved bill; the under surface whiter, each feather with a 
green disc, the back darker crimson, and the exposed portion of the 
upperside of the tail darker fiery red. 


Female resembles that sex of 8. sparganura ; but the rectrices are, 
as in the male, darker, and the bill longer and more curved. 
ffab. Andes of Bolivia and (?) Peru. 


a,b. S juv.; c. Peru? Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 


d. <$ ad.; e. $ Sapahaque, Bolivia {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. 
f-h. 
6 ad.; ij. Bolivia {Buckley). Gould CoH. 
$ juv. sk. 

3. Sappho caroli. 
Trochilus caroli, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 48; id. Rev. Zool 1847, 
p. 260. 
Hylocharis caroli, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113 ; Bp. Consp. Av. I p. 74. 
Calliphlox caroli, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12. 
37. WE0LESB1A. 
145 

Coinetes caroli, Gould, Mori. Troch. iii. pi. 177 (July 1861) ; id. Intr. 

Troch. p. 104 * Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyony xxii. p. 225. 

Polvonvmus caroli, Seine, J.f.O.n. 1863. p. 206; Nation, P. Z. S. 

1881, p. 487. 

Leobla caroli, Muls, Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 298. 

Sappho caroli, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 155. 

Adult ? male. Upper surface, including the central rectrices, 
shining bronzy green ; nnder surface dusky, each feather with a 
green disc; throat glittering red ; lateral rectrices purple-black, the 
exposed portion more coppery; outer web of outermost reetrix dusky 
white for the greater part of its length : bill black. Total length 
about 5-2 inches, wing 2*5 ; tail, central rectrices 1*2, lateral 2'2 ; 
biUl. 

Female unknown. 

Notwithstanding the opinion of various writers, I think this aberrant 
species had best be retained in the genus Sappho. Though the 
tail is short, its shape and the coloration of the outermost rectrix 
are similar to what obtain in young examples of the more typical 
species. The bill closely resembles that of S. sparganura. 

Hob. Andes of Peru. 

a. tfjuv.Psk. Peru? ^ Gould Coll. 
b. jjuv.sk. Andes of Lima, Peru, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Nation). 
c. $ juv. sk. Andes of Lima, Peru (Na- Sclater Coll. 
tion). 
37. iraOLESBIA. 
Type. 
Cyanolesbia, partiro, Berl. l.i.c. N. nehrkorni. 

1. ETeolesbia nehrkorni. 
Cyanolesbia nehrkorni, Berl. J.f Orn. 1887, p. 326; id. Zeitschr. ges. 
Orn. iv. p. 178, pi. 3. f. 1. 

Adult male. Upperside, including the tail, deep steel-blue, the 
whole top of the head brighter, the bright part drawn into a point 
towards the nape; wings purple-black; underside metallic bluish 
green, rather bluer on the throat; abdomen duller, the sides blue ; 
under tail-coverts dark steel-blue, the sides of each feather white : 
bill black, long, slightly decurved; feet dark. Length about 
5-3 inches, wing 2*5; tail, central rectrices 1*05, lateral 2^; bill0'95. 
{Type in Mus. Berlepsch.} 

A very distinct species, known from two specimens. That submitted 
to me is of the usual Bogota make, and was sent to Count 
JBerlepsch by Mr. Nehrkorn, who possesses the second specimen. 

The bill of this species is longer and more curved than that of 
either Cyanolesbia gorgo or Zodalia glyceria. The tail-feathers are 
about the same width as in Zodalia glyceria. 

Hab. Colombia. 

VOL. XVI. 

L 

140 TEOCHILI. 

38. LESBIA. Type< 
Lesbia, Less. Ind. Gin. Trooh. p. xvii (1882) L. mum. 
Agaclyta, Cab. $ mine, Mm. Rein. iii. p. 70 (1860) .. L. gouldi. 
Psalidoprymna, Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 52 (1800) L. victorise. 

Range. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Larger : all the rectrices, including the central pair, 
black tipped with, green victoria, p. 146. 
b. Smaller: central rectrices wholly green. 
a'. Exposed portion of the sublateral rectrices black 
tipped with green. 
a". Lateral rectrices reddish purple beneath, the 
pale portion of the outer web extending beyond 
the ends of the sublateral pair ; glittering 
throat more elongated eucharis, p. 147. 

b". Lateral rectrices steel-blue beneath, the pale 
portion of the outer web not extending beyond 
the ends of the sublateral pair; glittering 
throat less elongated, rounded nuna, p. 148. 

b'. Smallest: exposed portion of all the rectrices, 
except the lateral pair, green gouldi, p. 149. 

1. Lesbia Victoria. 
Troehilus victoriee, Bourc. fy Muls. Ann. So. Fhys. et Nat. Lyon, ix. 
p. 312 (1846) ; iid. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 315, pi. 4. 
Mellisuga victorise, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Troehilus amaryllis, Bourc. JRev. Zool. 1848, p. 273; Gray, Hand-l. 
B. i.p. 143. 
Cynanthus victorise, Bp. Consp. Av. L p. 81; id. JRev. Zool. 1854, 
Cynanthus amaryllis, Bp. Consp. Av. L p. 81. 
Psalidoprymna amaryllis, Cab. §* Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 53. 
Lesbia amaryllis, Meich. Trooh. Enum. p. 5, pi. 714. ff. 4620-1; 


Gould, Mon. Trock iii. pi. 170 (May 1854); id. hitr. Troch. 

p. 1015 Jamesonfy Eraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 399 ; Scl P. Z. & 1855, 
p. 140, 1858, pp. 460, 555, 1860, pp. 81,94; id. Cat Am. B. 
p. 301; Muk. <$• Verr. Class. Track, p. 83; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 
ix. p. 237; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 376; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 148: 
Berl. # Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 305, 1885, p. 103. 
Lesbia victorise, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch Enum. p. 5, 
pi. 715. ff. 4622-3; Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Mwches, iii. p. 286: 
Muls. 8r Verr. Class. Troch. p. 83. 

Psalidoprymna victorise, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 52; Berl. 

J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 328. 
Lesbia gouldi amaryllis, Berl. df Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 305. 
Adult male. Upper and under surfaces shining golden gTeen 
(rather dull); throat glittering grass-green, drawn to a point on the 
breast; under tail-coverts buff; tail very long, purple-black, each 

38. LESBIA. 
147 

feather tipped with bronzy green, the outermost rectrix with the 

basal portion of tbe outer web to a little beyond the tips of the next 

pair, with the shaft adjoining, dull white; bill black, Total length 

about 9*5 inches, wing 2*35; tail, central rectrices 0*85, lateral 6*8; 

bill (rather curved) 0*85. 

Adult female. Under surface white, each feather with a green 

discal spot; tail much shorter than in the male, but similarly 

marked. Length of central rectrices 0*95, lateral 3*3. 

Young male. Like the female; the glittering throat of the adult 

gradually taking the place of the spotted one. 

Hah. Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. 

a, h. d ad.; c-g. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
d juv. sk. Gould Colls. 


h. $ JUT. sk. Colombia. 
Bourcier [C.]. 
i. d ad. sk. Riobamba, Ecuador (Buchhy). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j, 
k. d ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador (Fraser). Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 

I. d 
ad.; m. 2 Ecuador (Fraser). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Sclater Colls. 
«, o. d ad.; p-u. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
<5 j uv.; v-y. 2 Sclater Colls. 
ad. sk. 


z. d ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
2. Lesbia eucliaris. 
Trochilus eucharis, Boure. Bev. Zool. 1848, p. 274. 

Lesbia eucharis, Beieh. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; Gould, Mori. Troch. iii. 

pi. 171 (Sept. 1800) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 102 ; Mills. 8f Verr. Class. 

Troch. p. 83; Muk. J&ist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 289 ; id. Ann. 

Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii p. 2*25; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 147. 

Cynanthus eucharis, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252. 
Psalidoprymoa eucharis, Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 328. 


Adult male. Similar to that of L. victories but smaller, and with a 
shorter tail and shorter, straighter bill; the glittering green of the 
throat is nearly as elongated, but not shortened and rounded as in 

L. nuna and L. goiddi. The central and next two pairs of rectrices 
are shining green, the sublateral pair dark for most of the exposed 
portion of tbeir length, with green tips; the lateral pair, too, are 
tipped with bronzy green; the pale webs of the outer rectrices reach 
beyond the tips of the next pair. 
Adult female. Under surface nearly white, all the feathers with 
green discal spots; the white portion of the outer webs of the outer 
rectrices extends over more than three fourths of the feather. 

Hah. Colombia. 
Yery closely allied to L. nuna. 


a. d 
ad. sk. San Buenaventura, Colombia Gould Coll. 
(Bourcier). (Type of the species.) 
b. d 
ad.; c. $ (Skins of similar make.) Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
i2 

148 
TROCHILI. 

d. c? ad. sk Peru (?) (ex Bourcier). Gould Coll. 
(Erroneously marked as the type of T. mma-kaoli.) 
«. $ ad.;/. Pull. ? " Gould Coll. 
sk. 
3. Lesbia nnna. 

Omismya nuna, Less. Suppl Ois.-Mouches, p. 169, pi. 35. 
Irocliilus nuna, Less. Ind. Gin. Troeh. p. xvii; Gray, Hand-l. B. L 


p. 143. 
Drnismya gouldi, d'Orb. $ Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 27 (nee Lodd.). 
Omismya nuna-lcaeli, Del $ L°ss. Rev. Zoo!. 1839, p. 19. 
Oynanthus bifureatua, Sw. Birds JfcZkr. p. 411?; Bp. Consp. Av.i. 
*p. 81; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 232.^ 
Mellisuga bifurcata, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Lesbia bifurcata, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 8; id. Troeh. Emtm. p. 5, 

pi. 716. ff. 4624-5. 
Lesbia nuna, Gould, Mon. Troeh. iii. pi. 169 (Sept. 1860) ; id. Intr, 
Troeh. p. 101; Muls. St Verr. Class. Troeh. p. S3; WHtely, 

P.Z.S. 1874, p. 675; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouclm, in. p. 291, 
pL 98 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, 
p. 137; id. Syn. Troeh. p. 147 ; Sal § Sate. P. Z. & 1879, p. 028. 
Psalidoprymna bifurcata, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 53. 
Agaclyta nuna, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 211. 
Adult male. Very similar to that of L. eucharis, but with the 
glittering green of the throat more restricted and rounded at its 
lower edge, instead of produced towards the breast; the lateral 
rectrices are steel-blue rather than purple-bine at the base, and 
the pale outer web does not extend so far along the feather. 

Female. Does not differ from that of L. eucharis. 
Hah. Peru and Bolivia. 
The specimen from d'Orbigny's collection agrees with Whitely's 

and Buckley's examples, and proves that 0. gouldi, d'Orb. & Lafr., 
should be referred to L. nuna. 

Whether C. bifurcatus, Swains., said to be from Mexico, is also 
referable to the same bird is more doubtful; the locality attributed 
to it must be wrong, no species of Lesbia passing the Isthmus of 
Panama. 

a. J ad. sk. 
Vicinity of Lima {Nation). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
l-g. 
o* ad. j hj i. Paucatambo, Peru, Nov., Dec. Salvin-Godman & 
2 ad. sk. (H. Whitely). Gould Colls. 

j. 
5 ad. sk. Huatocto, Peru, July (H. W.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. (S ad. sk. Peru or Bolivia {Warszewiez). Gould Coll. 
I <5 ad. sk. Bolivia (dOrbigny). Sclater Coll. 
m. S ad.; n. <$ Valley of Milipaya, Sorata, Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 
Bolivia, alt. 10,500 feet (Inwards), 


o. cS ad. sk. Sorata, alt. 12,000 feet (D. Gould Coll. 
Forbes), 
p. 
<? ad. sk. Sorata (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
38 . LESBIA. 
149 
4. Lesbia gouldi. 
Troehilus gouldi, Lodd. P. Z. S. 1832, p. 7; Gray, H-and-l. B, i. 
p. 143. 
Ornismya sylphis, Less. JRev. Zool. 1840, p. 73. 
Troehilus (Lesbia) gracilis, Gould, P. Z, 8. 1846, p. 86. 
Mellisuga gouldi, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
MeUisuga gracilis. Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Oynanthus gouldi, Bp. Ctmsp. Av, i. p. 81: id. Bev. Zool 1854, 
p. 282. 
Lesbia gouldi, 
Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 8; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. 
pi. 16? (Sept. 1856) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 101; Scl. $ 8al». P. Z. S. 
1875, p. 235 j Muh. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 293, iv. 

p. 230; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225 ; Elliot. Syn. Troch. 
p. 146. 
Oynanthus gracilis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 81. 
Lesbia gracilis, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, 
pi. 713. ff. 4618-9; Scl. P. Z. S. I860, pp. 70, 94; Cat. Am. B. 

p. 300; Gould, Man. Troch. iii. pi. 168 (Sept. I860); id. Mr. 
Troch. p. 101; Muk. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 295; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 238, 
1880, p. 200,1882, p. 36; id. Dm. PSr. i. j>. 330. 
Agaclyta gouldi, Cad.ty Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 70. 
Agaclyta gracilis, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 71. 
Lesbia svlphia, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 83. 
Lesbia chlorura, Gould, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 504. 
Psalidoprymna gouldi, Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 328. 


Adult male. Similar to those of L. eucJiaris and L. nuna, but 

decidedly smaller, with shorter bill; the glittering portion of the 

throat rounded posteriorly as in L. nuna; the exposed portion of 

the sublateral pair of rectrices is glittering green throughout, a little 

brighter towards the tip. Total length about 6 to 7 inches, wing 

1*95 ; tail, central rectrices 0*8, lateral 4*5; bill 0-55. 

Female. Similar to the females of the allied species; white 
beneath, each feather with a green discal spot. Length of the 
lateral rectrices about 2*3 inches. 

Young male. Similar to the female, and spotted on *the under 
surface. These spotted feathers are replaced by green ones as 
maturity advances. 

Hob. Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (?). 

L. gouldi applies strictly to the Colombian bird and L. gracilis 
to the Ecuadorean; but I am unable to separate them satisfactorily. 
The former is perhaps smaller and has greener under tail-
coverts, but both characters are variable. 
a. 
<$ ad. sk. Sierra Nevada of Merida, Ven- Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
ezuela, alt. 8000-9000 feet 
(Goering). 
b~f. 8 ad.; g-l Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godrnan & 
5 ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
m-p. (S juv. sk. Colombia (Purdie). Purchased. 

q. $ ad.sk. Above Puellaro, Ecuador {Fro- Salvin-Godrnan Col!. 
ser). 
r, s. 8 ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 

150 
TiUKillU, 

ttu, cf ad*; i\ Sarayaeu, Ecuador {Buckley), Gould Coll, 

9 ad. Hk. 
«\ <{ ad. Hk. Ecuador (Fraw). HckterColL 
,r«s. cf ad.; <r' Ecuador ( Buckley), Gould Toll. 

c'. 9 <id. nk. 
</', ff. cf ad. wk. Ecuador. Halvin-Godman Coll 
/' . cf ad.sk. VQVU? (Wamxetriei). Gould Coll. 

V'i ^'* cf ad. at. 
Purchased. 

81). METALLUEA. T 

Metautira, (fO?//v/, i\ z. A. IS4/; p. v* iu. upaea. 
Urolampra, C«M* W<w, Mw. i/W>j. iii. p. 08 (18(50). M. tyrianthina. 
Motallura (Lavinia), Mute. llkt. Nat. Oit.-Mowhex, 

iii, p. 10(> (1877) M. eupogon. 
Mange. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

Key to tJie Species. 

a. Upper and under surfaces brownish or purple-
black j gular spot glittering bluish green. 
a. 
Rectrices beneatli glittering coppercolour 
; under tail-coverts bronzy purple, 
edged with dusky rufous opaca, p. 150. 
b\ Rectrices beneath glittering vinous-purple; 
under tail-coverts purple-black edged 
with rufous jekkii, p. 151. 


c', Rectrices glittering purple; under tail-
coverts greenish edged with ochraceous. chloropoyon, p. 151. 
b, Upper and under surfaces shining bronzy 
green. 
d'. Gular spot glittering green. 

a'1. Gular spot with definite edges. 
a"f. Larger mneicauda, p. 152. 
//". Smaller. 

a4. Rectrices beneath glittering coppery 
purple » tyrianthina, p 152. 

64. Rectrices beneath glittering violet-
purple smaraffdinicoUisj p. 154. 
b". Gular spot without definite edges. 
c'". Rectrices beneath glittering bronzy 
green primolma, p. 154. 
d'". Rectrices beneath glittering purple. mllimni, p. 155. 
«'. Gular spot glittering red eupoym, p. 155. 


1. Metallura opaca, 
Trochilus (Lampornis) opacus, IJchf. in Tech. Consp. p. 88, 
Trochllus opacus, Tsch. JFatm. Per* Orn. p. 248. 
Trochilus ( -) cunreicauda, Gould, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 87. 
Trochilus cupreieauaus, Gray, I£and-l B. I p. 143., 
Mellisuga eupreicauda, Gray, Gen, B. i. p. 113. 
Metallura eupreicauda, Gould, P. Z. S.1847, p. 04; id. Mm. Troch. 


iii. pi. 191 (May 1859) ; id. Mr. Troch. p. Ill; Bp. Comp. Av. I. 
p. 75: Zteich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. Emm. p. 5, pi, 721. 
if. 4688-9; Sd. $ Sate. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 987, 1868, p. 569 ; Muls. 
Eist. Nat. Ok,»M0uchm} iii. p. 110. 
39 . METAXLTTEA. 
151 

Aglseactis cupreicauda, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p 253 
Metallura opaca, Cab.& Seine, Mm. Hem. iii. p.* 69; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. lG8;Sd. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 488 ; Tacz. Orn. far. i. p. 353. 
Urolampra cupreicauda, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xrii. p. 220. 

Adult male. Upper and under surfaces sooty black, nearly pure 
black on the sides of the bluish-green glittering gular spot; under 
tail-coverts bronzy purple, with obscure fulvous edges; tail dark 
bronzy green on the upper surface, glittering copper-colour or bronze 
beneath; bill black. Total length about 4-5* inch, wiug 2-85; 
tail, central rectrices 1*85, lateral 2*05. 

Female unknown. 

Hab. Andes of Peru and Bolivia. 

a. <f ad. sk. Andes of Lima, Peru, Sept. Sclater Coll. 
(Nation), 
b. S ad. sk. Chiuata, Peru, July (H. Gould Coll. 
Whiteltj). 
c-e. tf ad. sk. Valley of Palea, near Tacna, Gould Coll. 
Bolivia (Bridges). 
/, g. <S ad. sk. Bolivia. Bridges [0.]. 
2. Metallura jelskii. 

Metallura jelskii, Cab. J.f.O.n. 1874, p. 99 ; Muls, Hist. Nat. Ois.-
Mouches, iii. p. 109, pi. 79; Elliot, Syn. Track p. 164 5 Tacz. Orn. 
Fir. i. p. 354. 
Metallura cupreicauda, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 544. 

Adult male. Said to differ in the colour of the tail, which is 
(according to Mr. Elliot, who had a typical example in his possession) 
" luminous vinous-purple." 

Hab. Andes of Central Peru. 

A specimen sent by Prof. Nation from the Andes, near Lima, 
certainly agrees with Bolivian examples which have been referred 
to M. ojpaca. If M. jelskii is distinct from M. opaca, their ranges 
must approach each other very closely. 

3. Metallura chloropogon. 
Urolampra chloropogon, Cab. 8r Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 68; Huh. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 122. 
Metallura chloropogon, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 164. 

Adult male, " Purpureo-fuscescens nitore quodam metallico virescenti, 
vertice, humeris uropygioque valde, imprimis autem macula 
gulari splendidissime virescenti-fulgentibus; alis purpureo-fuscis, 
rectricibus latissimis pulchre purpureo resplendentibus; crisso albido, 
tectricibus caudse inferioribus virescenti-nitentibus, margine lutescentL 
Pern, (an mas juv.) : Subtus brunnescenti-ochracea, gula 
lateribusque maculis parvis fuscis virescentibusque guttatis, rectricibus 
splendide purpurascentibus, tribus externis apice pallide 
albescentibus." (Cab. Sf Heine, I. s. c.) 

Hah ? 
I have not yet met with specimens answering to this description. 


152 TROCHILI. 

4. Metallura seneicauda. 
TrocMlus ( ?) feneocauda, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 87. 
Mellisuga seneicauda, Gray, Gen, B. i. p. 113. 
Metallura seneicauda, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 94; id. Mon. Troch. iii. 


pi. 192 (May 1859); id. Intr. Troch. p. Ill; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 75; 
Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. Emm. p. 5, pi. 720. ff. 4684-5; 
Whitely, P Z. 8. 1878, p. 191; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mmwhes, 

iii. p. Ill; Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. 165; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, 
p. 628. 
Aglseactis seneicauda, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 253. 
Urolampra seneicauda, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 68; Muls. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 220. 

Adult male. Upper surface bronzy green ; under surface bronzy 

green, each feather edged with fulvous; throat with a well-defined 

glittering green spot; tail above dark shining olive-green, becoming 

purple when viewed from behind, beneath glittering bronzy green ; 

bill black. Total length about 4-2 inches, wing 2*5 ; tail, central 

rectrices 1*5, lateral 1*7; bill 0*9. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but instead of the gular spot 

the feathers of the throat are fulvous, with green discs, becoming 

dusky towards the chin; the rectrices beneath are edged with a 

coppery hue and very narrowly tipped with white. 

Hab. Andes of Southern Peru and Bolivia. 

a. £ juv. sk. Cachupata, Peru, Nov. (H. Gould Coll. 
Wkitely). 
b, c. $ ad. sk. Unduavi, Bolivia {Bridges). C4ould Coll. 

d. <$ ad.; e, f. $ Cillutincara, Bolivia {Bzick- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. ley), 
g, h. c? ad.; i. <$ Bolivia {Buckley). Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 
j, k. <$ ad. sk. Bolivia. Bridges [C.]. 

5. Metallura tyrianthina. 
Trochilus tyrianthinus, Zodd. P. Z. S. 1832, p. 6; Eraser, P. Z. S. 

1840, p. 18; Gray, Hand-l B. I p. 142. 

Ornismya allardi, Bourc. Bev. Zool 1839, p. 294 * id. Ann. 8c. Phys. 

et Nat. Lyon, (2) iii. p. 226, pis. 3, 4 (1840). 

Ornismya paulina?, Boiss. Bev. Zool 1839, p. 354; id. Maa. Zool. 

1840, pi. 13. 
Mellisuga tyrianthina, Gray, Gen. B. i. p, 113. 
Metallura tyrianthina, Bp. Consp. i. p. 75 • id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 253; 

Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, pi. 719. 
ff. 4630-1; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 195 (May 1859) ; id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 112 ; id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803 • Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, 

p. 145, 1860, p. 95 ; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 303; Scl % Salv. P. Z. S. 
1868, pp. 169,629, 1870, p. 782, 1879, p. 529; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, 
p. 377; Muls. Hist. hat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 117; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 166; Berl. §• Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 305, 1885, p. 104 ; 
Tccz. 0*n. Pir. i. p. 358; Berl J. f. Orn. 1884, p. 311, 1887, 
p. 325. 
Trochilus allardi, Jard. Contr. Orn. 1850, pp. 81, 89,151, pi. 55. 
Urolampra tyrianthina, Cab. <§* Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 68. 
39 . METALLTJKA. 
153 

Metallura tbyrianthina ?, cPMamonv. Bull Soc. Zool. Fr. xi. p. 311 
(1886). 
Metallura quitensis, Gould, Intr. Tronh. p. 112; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. 

N. Y. ix. p. 237 ; Mills. Rist. Nat. Ois.-Mouclies, iii. p. 115. 
Urolampra quitensis, Heim, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 210. 
Adelomya tyrianthina, Muk. § Verr. Class, Trock. p, 70. 
Adult male, Upper and under surfaces dark shining grass-green ; 
throat black, with a large spot of glittering green extending to the 
chin; tail rich bronze, beneath purple-bronze; bill black. Total 
length about 2'2 inches, -wing 2-25; tail, central rectrices 1-2, 
lateral 1*55. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green; under surface 
as far as the breast rufous, the sides of the neck with green discal 
spots ; abdomen white, each feather with a wide discal green bar ; 
under tail-coverts dusky with buff edges, lateral rectrices tipped 
with buff. 

Young male. Bronzy green on the underside, each feather with 
a subterminal whitish spot; the under surface becomes darker, and 
the throat shows glittering green feathers as maturity is approached. 

Hah. Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. 

M. quitensis of Ecuador is said to differ from M. tyrianthina in 
its larger size, but I am unable to confirm this statement with 
any certainty. A female or young male from Bolivia has discal 
green spots on the throat-feathers; the under surface is nearly 
uniform rufous, the middle of the abdomen being slightly lighter, 
the tail is lighter and less purple beneath. This bird may belong 
to another species of this section of the genus, but adult males are 
required to make this point certain. 
a. tf ad.; b. Juv. sk. Paramo of llerida, Vene- Gould Coll. 
zuela. 
c. £ 
ad.; d. $ juv. Valley of Aragua, Vene- Dyson [C.]. 
sk. zuela. 
e. cS ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(A. Goering). 
f. <$ ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
g,h. tSad.; 12ad.sk. Medellin, Colombia (T. Gould Coll. 
K. Salmon), 
j. 
$ ad. ; k. 2 ad. sk. Colombia (Purdie). Purchased. 
l~t. 
<$ ad. ; u} v. <S Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
juv.; w~y.5ad.sk. 

z. (S ad.; a'. $ juv. Laguna near Pasto, Ecua- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. dor (Lehmann). 
V-d\ <$ ad.; e'. S Ulva, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coh. 
juv.;/'. $ ad.sk. 
g',hf. <5 ad.; i'-k\ $ Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

V. $ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley), 
m'. <$ ad. sk. Bio Napo, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ri, o'. S ad.; p'-$\ 2 Ecuador. Gould Coll. 

t'. 2 ad. sk. Bolivia {Buckley). Gould Coll. 

154 
TBOCHILI. 

6. Metallura smaragdinicoUis. 
Orthorhynchus smaragdinicollis, d'Orb. § Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 31; 

dyOrb. Voy. Am. Mir. iv. p. 375, Atlas, pi. 59. f. 2. 

Mellisuga smaragdinicollis, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 

Metallura smaragdinicollis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 94; id. Mon. 

Troch. iii. pi. 196 (May 1859); id. Intr. Troch p. 112 ; Bp. Con*p. 
Av. i. p. 75; id.Bev. Zool 1854, p. 253 : Belch. Aufz. d. Col p. 8 ; 
id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, pi. 719. f. 4632, pi. 720. f. 4633 ; Whitely, 

P. Z. S. 187S, p. 191; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 544, 1879, p. 235, 
1880, p. 207, 1882, p. 37; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 356: Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 120, pi. 80, iv. p. 219 ; Elliot, Ibis, lb77, 
p. 141; id. Syn. Troch. p. 166; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 220; Salv. $ Godm. Ibis, 1879, p. 205; Scl. 8? Sah. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 629. 
Urolampra smaragdinicollis, Cab. df Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 68, 
Trochilus smaragdinicollis, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 142. 

Adult male. Similar to that of 21. tyrianihina, but with the tail 
both above and beneath much deeper purple of a violet and not a 
coppery hue. 

Hab. Andes of Peru and Bolivia. 

a. $ juv. sk Chinchieua Valley, X. Colom- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
bia, Feb. (F. Simons). 
b-g> 6 ad. sk. Cachupata, Peru,Feb., Oct. (II Sabin-Godman, 
Whitely). 
Gould, & Sciater 
Colls. 

h. <$ juv. sk. S. Jose* de Chicalulo, Bolivia, Gould Coll. 
Mar. (JD. Forbes). 
i. S ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j. 
5 ad. sk. Araca, Bolivia {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k~n. <$, o, p. 2 Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

q. § ad. sk. Bolivia. 
Bridges "Cf. 
r-t. 
$ ad.; it. Bolivia. Salvin-Godman & 
6 Juv.; v. ? Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. 

7. Hetallura primolina. 
Metallura piimolina, Bourc. Bev. Zool. 1853, p. 29*5; Beich Aufz. 
d. Col p 8; Bp. Bee. Zool 1854, p. 253; Gould, Mon. Troch. "in. 
pi. 194 (Sept. 1861) ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 113: 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 165; Tacz. $ Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 103. 
Urolampra 
primolina, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 68; Muls. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 220. 
Metallura primolii, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 112; Sharpe in Grndd^s 
Suppl. Mon. Troch. pi. 45 (March 1887). 

Adult male. Upper and under surfaces dark shining bronzy-
green ; a dark glittering olive-green patch on the throat without 
distinct margins, but shading off gradually into the duller sides ; 
tail dark shining bronzy green, changing into purple when viewed 
from behind; bill black. Total length about 3*8 inches, wing 2-3 ; 
tail, central rectrices 1*45, lateral 1*6. 

39 . METALLTJEA. 
155 

Adult female ? Throat without the glittering patch, hut rufous 
with a green disc on each feather, becoming dusky towards the 
chin; feathers of the abdomen with a median whitish bar, lateral 
rectrices tipped with buif. 

Hah. Ecuador. 

Mr. Sharpe, in the Supplement to Gould's ' Monograph,' calls 
this bird the " Guiana Copper-tail/' stating that Mr. Whitely 
obtained a specimen in British Guiana. The specimen in question 
is that mentioned below from Buckley's Collection. It came, as all 
other specimens of the species have done, from Ecuador. 

a, b. 6 ad.; c, d. ? ? sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 

e. <$ ad. sk. Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8. Metallura williami. 
Metallura williami, Bourc.fy Bel. Uev, Zool. 1846, p. 308; Gould, 
P. Z. S. 1847, p. 94; id. Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 193 (May 1859); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 112 ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 75; id. Eev. Zool. 1854, 
|>. 253 ; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, 
iii. p. 114 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 165. 
Mellisuga williami, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Urolampra williami, Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 68 j Muls. Ann. 
Soc. Limi. Lyon, xxli. p. 220. 

Adult male. Similar to that of M. primolina, but with the tail 
beneath of a rich purple hue instead of bronzy green. 

Adult female. Under surface rufous as far as the breast, each 
feather with a green disc; the abdomen is white, but also spotted 
with green; outer rectrices tipped with pale buff. 

Hah. Southern Colombia (Popayan). 

a. $ ad.• b. <$ juv.; Popayan, Colombia. Gould Coll. 
c. § ad. sk. 
9. Metallura eupogon. 
Metallura eupogon, Cab. J.f.O.n. 1874, p. 97; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 164. 
Metallura hedvig*e, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 139 (pub. 1 June, 1874), 
p. 544; id. Orn. Pir. i. p. 352; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 
iii. p. 107. 
Adult male. Upper and under surfaces dark shining bronzy 
green; a line down the middle of the throat glittering red; tail 
dark bronzy green, changing to purple when, viewed from behind, 
beneath glittering bronzy green; bill black. Total length about 
3*7 inches, wing 2*4; tail, central rectrices 1*4, lateral 1*5. 

Female unknown. 

Hah. Andes of Central Peru. 

a. (S ad. sk. Maraynioc, Peru, 1871 (Jelski). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
[An authentic specimen.] 
156 
TEOCHILI. 

40. 
EUSTEPHANUS. T 
Eustephanus, Reich. Av. Syst pi. 40 (1849) E. galeritus, 
Sephanoides, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 82 (1850). 
Thaumaste, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14 (1854) .., . E. fernanden&is § . 

Range. Chili, and the islands of Juan Fernandez and Hasafuera. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Sexes similar 
galeritus, p. 156. 
b. Sexes widely dissimilar. 
a'. Crown glittering fiery red; outer web of 
outermost rectrix of $ wholly white fernandensis, p. 157 
b'. 
Crown and nape glittering fiery red; outer 
web of outermost rectrix in § white only 
at the tip • leyboldi, p. 158. 


1. Eustephanus galeritus. 
Trochilus galeritus, Molina, Hist Chili, p. 219; Gm. Si/st. Xat. i. 
p. 484; Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 304; VieilL X. Diet dPHist. X. vii. 
p. 348; id. JEJnc. Meth. p. 552; Less. Hist. Xat Qis.-Mouches, 
Suppl. p. 97; Fraser, P. Z. S. 1843, p. 114; Gray, Hand-L B. i. 
p. 147. 
Mellisuga kingi, Vig. Zool. Journ. iii. p. 432. 
Ornismya sephanoides, Less. Hist. Xat. Ois.-Mouckes, pp. xxv, 69, 
pi. 14; Suppl. p; 109, pi. 5: 3! Orb.fy Lafr. 8yn. Av. u. p. 29. 
Trochilus sephanoides, Less. 2nd. Gen. Troch. p. xxix. 
Orthorhynchus sephanoides, Less, fy Gam. Voy. CoquiMe* pi. 31. 

£2. 
Trochilus forficatus, Gould, Zool. Voy. Beagle^ iii. p. 110. 
Sephanoides kingi, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 19. 
Mellisuga galerita, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Eustephanus galeritus, Gould, Mon. Troch. iy. pi. 2G5 (May 1852); id. 

Intr. Troch. p. 141; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14; Cab.fySeine, Mm. 
Rein. iii. p. 76; Bel. Cat Am. B. p. 310; id. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 328; 
id. Lhis, 1871, p. 181; Scl. $ Salv. Ibis, 1869, p. 283 ; id. P. Z. S. 
1878, p. 433; id. Voy. Chall. Zool. ii. pt. 2, p. 103 ; Reed, Ibis, 1874, 

p. 82; Salv. Ibis, 1875, p. 376; id. Cat. Strichl Coll. p. 367 ; id. 
P.Z.S. 1883, p. 425; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 138; id. Syn. Troeh. p. 93 ; 
Muls. Hist. Xat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 246, pi. 53, iv. p. 209; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 214. 
Sephanoides galeritus, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 256. 
Orthorhynchus galeritus, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 57. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green: entire crown 
glittering orange-red; under surface greyish white, each feather with 
a shining green discal spot, smaller on the throat, larger on the breast 
and Hanks, absent on the middle of the abdomen; under tail-coverts 
dull green, edged with pale rufous; tail uniform bronze-green, the 
outer web of the outermost rectrix paler ; bill black. Total length 
about 4-3 inches, wing 2-5, tail 1*4, bill 0*85. 

40 . EUSTEPHANUS. 
157 

Female. Like the male, the crown being like the back instead of 
glittering orange-red. 

Hah. Chili, and Juan Fernandez Island. 

a. S ad. sk. Valparaiso, Chili. Capt. Brett [P.]. 
b, c. <$ ad. sk. Chili (Leybold). Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
d. 
§ ad. sk. Santiago, Chili. Gould Coll. 
e. <S juv. sk. Cockle Cove, Straits of Magel- Lords of the Admilan, 
Feb. 9 {Dr. Coppinger). ralty. 
/ . $ ad. sk. Puerto Bueno, Straits of Ma- Challenger Exp. 
gellan, Jan. 9. 
g-i. <$ ad.;/. $ [Chili.] Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
k,l. <3 ad.; m. $ Juan Fernandez I. Challenger Exp. 
ad. sk. 
n, o, <3 ad. sk. Juan Fernandez I. Gould &SclaterColls. 


p. 
J ad.; q. § ad. Juan Fernandez I. (A. H. Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
sk. Markham). 
2. Eustephanus fernandensis. 
Trochilus fernandensis, King. P. Z. S. 1830-1, p. 30; Gray, Hand-l 
_Ri.p. 147. 
Trochilus stokesi, King, P. Z. S. 1830-1, p. 30; Less. Hist Nat. 

Troch. p. 135, pi. 50; id. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxix. 
Omismya fernandensis, cPOrb. 8c Lafr, Syn. Av. ii. p. 29. 
Ornismya cinnamomea, Gerv. Mag. Zool 1835, Ois. pi. 43. 
Ornismya robinson, Delattre § Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 18. 
Mellisuga fernandensis, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Mellisuga stokesi, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Sephanoides fernandensis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 82; id. Bev. Zool 1854, 

p. 256. 
Sephanoides stokesi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 82; id. Bev. Zool 1854, 
p. 256. 
Eustephanus fernandensis, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 267 (May 1854); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 142; id. Suppl 7rocA.pl. 26 (Jan. 1881) j Beich. 
Aufz. d. Col p. 14; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 7Q; Landb. 

P. Z. S. 1866, p. 556; Scl Ibis, 1871, p. 180; Beed, Ibis, 1874, p. 82; 
Sah. Ibis, 1875, p. 377; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 137; id. Syn. Troch. 
p. 93; Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 434; id. Voy. Chall. Zool ii. pt. 2, 
p. 103; MuU. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 248, pi. 54, iv. p. 209; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 214. 
Eustephanus stokesi, Gould, Man. Troch. iv. pi. 266 (May 1854) ; id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 142; Cab. <§* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 75. 
Thaumaste stokesi, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14. 
Orthorhynchus fernandensis et stokesi, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 57. 
Adult male. Entire plumage rich cinnamon-red; crown fiery 

orange-red; wings purple-brown; coverts cinnamon; bill black, 

Total length about 5*2 inches, wing 3*15; tail, central rectrices 1*85, 

lateral 2-1; bill 0*85. 

Female. Upper surface shining bluish grass-green, brighter on the 

rump, more - glittering on the crown; under surface white, the 

feathers of the throat and flanks with a small green discal spot; under 

158 
TBOCHILI. 

tail-coverts white, with a discal green spot; central rectriees shining 
bluish green, lateral white on the inner web, the two outer ones on 
either side with the inner portion of the outer web also white. 

Young males are like the old ones, except that the crown is 
coloured like the back. 
Young females resemble old ones, the crown being much duller 
and the spots of the under surface more diffused and not so clear. 
Eab. Juan Fernandez Island. 

a-d. S ad.; e,f. tf Juan Fernandez I. Challenger Exp. 

i,j. $ juv. sk. 
h-ol <$ ad.; p. 5 Juan Fernandez I. (E.C.Meed). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Sclater Colls. 
q, r. <$ ad.; s, t Juan Fernandez I. (Landbeek). Sclater Coll. 
5 ad. sk. 

u. 
2 juv. sk. Ju&3J?ernm<LezI.(Capt.King?) Gould Coll. 
v. <$ skeleton. Juan Fernandez I. (Cuming). Purchased. 
3. Eustephamis leyboldi. 
p. 210Y id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxiL p. 214; Elliot, $ya. Trochm 
p. 94. 
Adult male. Precisely like that of E. femandensis, except that 
the fiery orange-red of the crown extends to the nape. 

Female. Also resembles that sex of the allied species, but the 
upper surface and the spots of the under surface are golden rather 
than bluish green; the lateral rectriees are white only at the tips, 
and this chiefly on the inner webs. 

Eab. Masafuera Island. 

a. 
<S ad.; b. $ Masafuera I. (Leybold). Gould Coll. (Tvpes of 
ad. sk. the species.) 
c-e. $ 
ad.; /, g. Masafuera I. (Leybold). Salvin-Godman & Gould 
2 ad. sk. Colls. 

41. PANTEBPE. 
Type. 
Panterpe, Cab. 4* Seine, Mus. LLein. iii. p. 48 (1860) P. inslgnis. 

Range. Costa Pica and Western Panama. 

1. Panterpe insignis. 
Panterpe insignis, Cab.fy Seine, Mm. J&ein. iii. p. 48; Cab. J.f.O.n. 
1862, p. 164; Gould, Mon. Troeh. v. pi. 336 (May 1861); id. Intr. 
Troch, p. 167; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. via. p. 45 (partim), ix. 

42 . HELIANGELUS. 
159 

p. 124; Frantz.J.f Orn. 1869, p. 316; Muls. Hist Nat Ow.-
Mouches, ii. p. 25, pi. 31, iv. p. 188; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii 
p. 208; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 71; Elliot, Spi. Troch. p. 195 J 
Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 401. 
Clytolsema insignis, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 50. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining bluish green, becoming bluer 
on the upper tail-coverts ; nape black; crown glittering blue; centre 
of the throat glittering red, shading into glittering orange on the 
sides; middle of the breast glittering blue, shading into green on 
the flanks and abdomen ; under tail-coverts bluish green; tail dark 
steel-blue: bill black, mandible at the base flesh-colour. Total 
length about 4*2 inches, wing 2*5, tail 1-5, bill 0*9. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. 

Hab. Costa Bica. 

a-g. Ad. sk. Yolcan de Cartago, Costa Eica Salvin-Godman & 

(E. ArcS). 
Gould Colls. 
h. $ ad.; i,j. $ Yolcan de Ohiriqui {E.Arci). Salvin-Godruan & 
ad.;&,J.Ad.sk. Gould CoUs. 
42. HELIANGELUS. 
Type. 

Heliangelus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 12 II. clarissse. 

Trochilus, /3. Anactoria, Pefch. Aufz. d. Col p. 12 

(1854) 
II. clarissae. 

Anactoria, Muls. 8r Verr. Class. Troch. p. 69 

(1865). 

Trochilus, y. Diotima, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12 

(1854) 
H. spencei. 

Peratus, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 219 

(1875) 
H. amethysticollis. 

"Range. Andes from Yenezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Frontal spot glittering grass-green. 
a'. Tail shining grass-green; rump slightly 
tinged with bronze. 
a". Pectoral band white. 
a'". Pectoral band narrow, bordered below 

by glittering green; middle of abdo


men greyish buff 
clariss<B, p. 160. 

b'". Pectoral band wide without glittering-

green lower border; middle of abdo


men buff 
laticlavius, p. 160. 

b". Pectoral band buff 
amethysticollis, 

b'. Tail steel-blue; rump reddish bronze. [p. 161. 
c". Throat glittering rosy red strophianus, p. 161. 
d". Throat glittering violet-blue violicollis, p. 162. 

b. Frontal spot glittering silvery green spencii, p. 162. 
c. Frontal spot glittering fiery orange-red mavors, p. 163. 
1(50 TROCIIILI. 

1. Heliangelus clarissse. 
Ornismya Clarissas, de Low/mm. lieu. Zool 1841, p. 30G; id. May. 

Zool. 1842, Ois. pi. 20. 
MellifeMga Clarissas, Gray, Gen. Ji. i. p. 112. 
Heliangelus clarissoe, Bp. Consp. AD. i. p. 76; id. Med. Zool 1854, 

p. 252; Gould, Man. Track, iv. pi. 241 (May 1855); id. Intr. Trooh. 
p. 182; Cab. # Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 75; Scl Cat Am. B. p. 308 ; 
Wyatt, Ibi% 1871, p. 378; Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 84, 
iv.'p. 218; id. A?m. Soc.Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 219; ElliotL, Syn. Trooh. 

p. 89; Berl J.f.O.n. 1884, p. 310, 1887, p. 322. 
Trocliilus j8. Anactoria clarissse, ife&A. ^M/S. <#. Col p. 12; ztf. Trooh. 
JBmim. pi. 830. ff. 4953-55. 
Trocliilus /3. Anactoria libussa, Meieh. Aufs. d. Col. p. 12. 
Anactoria clarissao, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Trooh. p. 69. 
Trocliilus claribsse, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 139. 
Heliangelus taezanowskii, Pelz. Ibis, 1877, p. 338; Muls. Hist. Nat. 

Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 218. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green, slightly tinged with a 
golden or bronze hue, a little darker on the rump ; head and neck 
nearly black when viewed from in front; a small frontal spot and 
the lower breast glittering grass-green; throat glittering rosy red, 
shading into glittering purple towards the sides and chin ; pectoral 
band white; abdomen green, each feather edged with greyish buff ; 
under tail-coverts white, with a dusky shaft-stripe ; central rectrices 
shining grass-green like the back, lateral purple-black ; bill black. 
Total length 4-3 inches, wing 2-8; tail, central rectrices 1-6, lateral 
1-7; bill 0*9. 

Female. Yery similar to the male on the upper surface, the bright 
frontal spot faintly shown; the throat is dusky black, each feather 
with paler lateral edges. 

Young birds resemble the female, and the males, as they advance 
to maturity, assume the bright feathers of the throat by degrees, 
the bright frontal spot appearing simultaneously. 

Hob. Colombia. 

a-d. S ad.;e-p. tf juv.; Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
q, r. $ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

2. Heliangelus laticlavius. (Plate V. fig. 1.) 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of H. clarissce, and with the 
upper surface and tail coloured in the same way; on the under 
surface the white pectoral band is much wider, more than double 
the width of that of the allied form; there is no band of glittering 
green feathers below the white, and the middle of the abdomen is 
more distinctly buff; the under tail-coverts are white, with wider 
dusky shaft-stripes. 

Female unknown. 

Hah. Ecuador. 



4l>. HELrAXGELUS. 

161 

a. e ad. ak^
im&? Ecuador {Buckley), Salvin-Qodman Coll. | 
b. $ aa. sk. Intac, Ecuador [Buckley). Salvhi-Godmaii Coll. j 
, , ,, _ . __ (Types of the species.) 
c. rf ad. sk "Bio >*apo," Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

3. fieliangelns amethysticollis. 
Ortborhynchus amethysticollis, cfOrb $ Lafr. Sijn. Av. p. 31 j d'Orb. 
Voy. Am. Mir., Ok. p. 576, pi. 8.fig. 2. 
Troehilus amethysticollis, 7&?A. i^? w Per. p. 246 ; <2ray, Kand-l. 

B. i p. 140. 
Meillsugs amethysticollis, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 112. 
Heilan;2viii3 amethysticollis, Bjp. Consp. Av. i. p. 76 ; id. Rev. ZooL 
1834, p. 252 ; 6-'«^t Hon. Troch. Iv. pi. 245 (May 1855); id. 
Mr. Track, p. I&3; 2>2 Ora. Ber. I p. 381; Cab. $ Seine, Mm. 
Sein. HL p. 75; Tare. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 543; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, 

p. 141; M« Syn. 7V«&.p. 90; Jluls. Hist. Nat. O&.-Mouches, ill 
p. m, 
Trochila* 3- Aatetoria amethvsticollis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12 : *W. 
TVoeA. Enum, p. 10, pi. 820. ff. 4950-52. 
Anaetoria atiK»thirftina, 1/iiik 4* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 69. 
Peratu** amethYsticollis, 3Iu&. -4«». Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 219. 

Adnlt mul*. Tery similar to that of If. clarissce on the upper 
surface, the green of the rump a little more golden ; the frontal spot 
lar^sr; rhf jx-atoral baud is huff instead of white and is followed 
below by shining green, not glittering green ; in the latter respect 
this ttpeeifft resembles //. htiefmuus. 

Thefrmutle him the fore part of the crown rather bright shining 
green ; the pectoral Imni is buff as in the male; the throat is dusky 
black, each feather with a wide rusty edge. 

Younff male$ are like the females, and gradually replace the throat-
feathers of that sex with the glittering ones of the adult. 
Hah Peru and Bolivia. 
a-c. cf ad.; df e. g If uasampilla, Peru* April Salvin-Godman 8c 
juv.;/. ? ad. sk, asd Sept. (J21 Whitely). Gould Colls. 
ff, 2 ad. sk. Tilotiloj Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

h. 
t$ juv. sk. Cilntincaray Bolivia Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
(Buckley). 
t, cf ad. ij. J ad, sk. Bolivia (Bridged). Gould Coll. 

k. 
$ ad. «k. Bolivia. Bridges [C.l 
/-B. 
cJ ad.; o, p. df Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
juv.; y. J ad. sk. 

4. Heliangelns strophianus. 
Txochilua ( — ?) strophianus, <?o«W, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 45. 
Mellisega 8t»phiaiiusf Gray, Gen. B. I }).112. 
HeKasgeliis stropM&nus, Bp» Comp. Av. i. p. 76 ; id. Rev. ZooL 1854, 


p, 252; {tattf, Man. Troch iv. p. 243 (May 1855); id. Intr. Troch. 

p. m; Set. P-£ & I860, p. 95; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 808; Mtds. 
Mist. Mat Ok»~M£mckm, in. p. 86; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 219; JSflEw^ %«. B-ocyl. p, 90. 
Tmchiliis 
ft. Anactoria strophiana, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. 
Track. Emm, pi SSL ff. 4956-67. 

TOl*. XVI. 
M 

162 TKOCHXLT, 

Anacioria strophiana, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 69. 

Trochilus strophianus, Gray, ttand-l. B. i. p. 139. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining bronzy green, greener on 

the middle of the baek? deeper, more reddish bronze on the rump; 

head viewed from in front nearly black, the frontal spot glittering 

grass-green; throat like that of H. clarissce; pectoral band white, 

followed by glittering green as in H. clarisscp; abdomen du^ky, 

washed with green; under tail-coverts bronzy green, edged with 

white; tail steel-bue, central feathers slightly tinged with bronze : 

bill black. Total length about 4a5 inches, wing 2*75; tail, central 

rectrices 14, lateral 1*9; bill 0*8. 

Female and yo%mg birds resemble those of H. clarissce; but the 

tail seems to be always of a darker, more steel-blue? with less green 

or bronze on the central feathers. 

Hah. Ecuador. 

a-d. (S ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). Salvin-Godiaan & 

Gould Culls. 
e-i. $ ad. sk. Ecuador (Jameson), Gould Coll. 
j, h. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Go aid Coll. 
/, m. $ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman k 

Gould Colls. 

n. S ad. sk Yanayacu, Ecuador (Bmchley). Salvin-GodmanColL 
5. Heliangelus violicollis. (Plate T. fig. 2.) 
Adult male. Similar to that of H. strophianus, but the upper 
surface of a darker, more rufeseent brown, especially in the middle 
of the back ; the abdomen, too, has a more bronzy hue; the most 
obvious difference is in the colour of the throat, which is glittering 
violet-blue without any red or rosy t&ot. 

Young male. Has the feathers of the throat black with white 
edges, amongst these the glittering violet feathers of the adult 
appear. 

Eab. Ecuador. 

a. S ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman ColL 
(Tvpe of species.) 
hS juv.sk Ecuador? Gould"Coil. 

6. Heliaaigelns spend! 
Trochilus speneei, Bourc. P. Z. S.1847, p. 46. 
Mellisuga spencii, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 112. 
Heliangeltis spencii, Bp. Consp. Av. L p. 76; id. Bet. Zoot. 1854. 


p. 252; Gould, Mem. Troch. iv. pi. 244 (May 1855); id. Intn Track. 
p. 132 * ScL $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 752; Muls. Hist Wat. Ois.-
Mouches, iii. p. 88, pi. 75; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyonf xxii. p. 210; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 90. 
Trochilus y. Diotima spencii, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12. 
Anactoria spencei, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 69. 


42 . HELIAHGELTJS. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green; head, viewed 
from in front, black; frontal spot glittering silvery green; throat 
glittering rosy red, a little darker and not quite so silky as in H. 
clarissce; pectoral band white ; abdomen shining green, the middle 
mingled with pale buff; under tail-coverts bronzy green, with narrow 
dusky-white edges; central rectrices like the back, lateral dark 
purple-black; bill black. Total length about 4*1 inches, wing 2*4; 
tail, central rectrices 1*5, lateral 1*65 ; bill 0*75. 

Female. Feathers of the throat dusky at the base, with a subterminal 
rufous bar which widens towards the edge on each side, 
and with a terminal dark bronzy-green spot; the forehead is only 
slightly greener than the rest of the crown, and the lateral rectrices 
have a dusky-white tip. 

Hah. Venezuela. 

a-i. <$ ad.; j. <J Merida, Venezuela {Funch Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. $• Schlim). Gould Colls. 

h. J ad. sk. Merida (A. Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I. Ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Ooll. 
7. Heliangelus mavors. 
Heliangelus mavors, Gould, P. Z. S.1848, p. 12; id. Mon. Troch. iv. 
pl. 246 (May 1855); id. Intr. Troch. p. 133; Bp. Consp. Av. I p. 76; 
id. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 252 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. 

p. 92 j Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 91. 
Mellisuga mavors, Ghmay, Gen. B. i. p. 112. 
Trochilus mavors, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Ti*och. JEnum. p. 10, 
pi. 827. ff. 4945-47; Gray, Kand-L B. i. p. 140. 
Anactoria mavors, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 69. 
Peratus mavors, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 219. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, more golden on 
the upper tail-coverts and central rectrices; head, viewed from in 
front, black; frontal spot glittering fiery orange-red; throat glittering 
orange-red, not quite so lustrous as the frontal spot; a wide 
pectoral band and middle of the abdomen cinnamon-buff; flanks 
washed with green; under tail-coverts bronze, edged with dusky-
white ; lateral rectrices bronzy, slightly tipped with dull white; bill 
black. Total length about 4*2 inches, wing 2*5 ; tail, central rectrices 
1*5, lateral 1-65; bill 0*8. 

Female. The throat is brownish black, each feather edged with 
rufous. 
Hah. Colombia. 
a-l <J ad. sk. N. Colombia (Funch #• Schlim). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

m. <J ad. sk. Colombia. Sclater Coll. 
u2 

164 
TKOCHILI. 

43. 
HELIOTRYPHA. Type 
Heliotrypha, Gould, Mem. Troch. iv. pi. 241 (May 

1853); id. Intr. Troch. p. 181 H. viola. 
Heliotryphon, Cab. $• Heine, Mus. Mem. iii. p. 74. 
Rhamphomicron /3. Parzudakia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. 

p. 12 (1854) H. exortis. 
Helymus, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 93 
(1876) H. micrastur. 
Nodalia, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, iii. p. 99 
(1876) H. barrali. 

Range. Andes from Colombia to Peru. 

Key to the Species. 

a. A glittering frontal spot; breast-feathers dark at 
the base. 
a'. Tail deeply forked; frontal spot large viola, p. 164. 
b'. Tail moderately forked; frontal spot small. 


a". 
Grular spot glittering rosy red, shading into 
purple towards the chin exortis, p. 165, 
b". Gular spot fiery golden, shading into fiery 
crimson towards the chin micastur, p. If 6. 

6. No glittering frontal spot; breast-feathers whitish 
towards the base, 
c". Throat and chin glittering leaden green .. barrali, p. 166. 
d". Throat and chin glittering olive-green speciosa, p. 167. 

1. Heliotrypha viola. 
Heliangelus viola, Gould, P. Z. S.1853, p. 01. 
Rhamphomicron j3. Parzudakia viola, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12; id, 
Troch. Enum. p. 10, pi. 882. ff. 4958-59. 
Reliotrypha viola, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 241 (Mav 1853) ; 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 131; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252; Scl P. Z. S. 
1859, p. 145; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 308; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch 

p. 69; Elliot, Ibis, 1875, p. 317; id. 8yn. Troch. p. 87; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, Hi. p. 97; id. Ami. 8oe. Linn. Lyon, sxii. 
p. 219; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 238, 1880, p. 205, 1882, p. 38; id. 
Orn. PSr. i. p. 379; Berl $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 303, 1885, 
p. 105. 
Heliotryphon viola, Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 74. 
Trochilus viola, Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 140. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; forehead 
and breast glittering bluish green ; entire throat glittering pnrplish 
violet, the sides edged with black; rest of the under surface dark 
shining grass-green like the back; under tail-coverts green, widely 
edged with buff; central rectriees shining grass-green, lateral steel-
blue tipped with green; bill black. Total length about 4*7 inches, 
wing 2-6 ; tail, central rectriees 1*1, lateral 2-3; bill 0*75. 

Female. Upper surface shining grass-green ; forehead and breast 

43 . HELIOTBYPHA. 
165 

rather brighter; throat black, each feather with a dusky spot on 
the lateral margin. 
Hal. Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, on the slopes of the Andes 
between Illimani and Sorata. 


a. 
<$ ad.; bt c. " Banks of the Maranon " Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (Warszeioiez). (Types of the species.) 
d, e. (S ad. sk. Jima, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. $ ad.; g. $ R. Napo, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll.' 
ad. sk. 
h~j. $ ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 


h. (S ad, sk. Tambillo, Peru, 25th April Sclater Coll. 
(H. Whitdy). 
2. Heliotrypha exortis. 
Trochilus exortis, Eraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 14. 
Ornismya parzudakii, de Long, fy Parz. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 72 (nee 


Less.). 
Eriopus exortis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80. 
Heliangelus parzudakii, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 76. 
Rhamphomicron p. Parzudakia dispar, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12 : 

id. Troch. Enum. p. 10, pi. 833. ft 4960-62. 

Heliotrypha parzudakii, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. iv. pi. 240 (May 1860); id. lntr. Troch. p. 131; id, P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 803; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 308; Muh. % Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 69; Mute. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyo?i, xxii. p. 219; Sol. 8? Salv. 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 529 ; Tacz. $ Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 105. 
Heliotryphon parzudakii, Cab. §* Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 74. 
Heliotrypha exortis, Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 318; id. 8yn. Troch. p. 87 j 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 95, iv. p. 218; Berl. J. f. 
Orn. 1887, p. 322. 
Trochilus parzudakii, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 140. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, nearly black 
in certain lights on the upper tail-coverts; neck and nape, forehead 
(narrowly) and breast glittering grass-green; sides of the chin and 
throat black; a large gular spot glitteriug rosy red, shading into blue 
on the middle of the chin; rest of the under surface dark shining 
grass-green ; under tail-coverts white; central rectrices very dark 
bronzy green, lateral purplish black; bill black. Total length 
about 4*3 inches, wing 2-6; tail, central rectrices 1*3, lateral 1*8; 
bin 0-8. 
Female. Upper surface like the male but lighter, the forehead less 
brilliant; throat brown, with a large white central patch; lateral 
rectrices narrowly tipped with dusky white. 
Young birds have a brown throat supplanted by glittering rosy 
red in the male and white in the female. Young males assume 
their glittering feathers at a very early age, sometimes when only 
half-grown. 
Hab. Colombia, Ecuador. 

a-d. 
<3 ad.; e. Medellin, Colombia (T. X. Gould Coll. 
£ juv. sk. Salmon), 
f, J ad. sk. Antioquia, Colombia (T. K. 8.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

166 
TEOCHILI. 

g-o. <$ ad.; p~u. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
<$ juv.; v-x. Gould Colls. 
5 ad. sk. 

y. 
$ ad sk. Santiago, Ecuador (Zehmann). Gould Coll. 
z. 
c? ad.; a'. £ Puella near Kiobaniba, Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. Ecuador. 
V. S ad. sk. Banos, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
c'-e'. c? ad.; /' . Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
g'. S 
ad.; h'. J Yanayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

3. Heliotrypha micrastur. 
Heliangelus micrastur, Gould, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1872, p. 195; 
id. Mem. Trooh. Siqypl. pi. 23 (Jan. 1883). 
Helymus micrastur, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 93; id. 
Ann. JSoc. Linn. JOyon, xxii. p. 219. 
Heliotrypha micrastur, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 88; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1889, 

p. 205; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 380. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining green, becoming bronze 
on the lower back and upper tail-coverts; head and chin nearly black 
when viewed from in front; frontal spot and breast glittering grass-
green ; throat glittering fiery golden, shading into fiery crimson 
towards the chin; abdomen like the back; under tail-coverts white, 
with a dusky central streak including the shafts of each feather ; 
tail—central rectrices dark bronzy green, lateral bronzy black; bill 
black. Total length about 3*6 inches, wing 2*55 ; tail, central 
rectrices 1*3, lateral 1*7; bill 0*75. 
Female. Lighter above than the male and greener, the glittering 
frontal spot less vivid; throat whitish, mingled with glittering red 
feathers ; abdomen pale buff, the flanks spotted with green ; under 
tail-coverts white ; lateral rectrices tipped with dusky white. 
Hah, Ecuador and Peru. 

a, k (S juv. sk. San Lucas, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 

c-e. S ad.; / . San Lucas (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
cS juv. sk. ^ Gould Colls. 
g, h. (S ad.; & Cutervo, Peru (J. Stolzmann). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Sclater Colls. 


4. Heliotrypha barraK. (Plate VI.ftg.2.) 
Heliotrypha barrrli, Muls. fy Verr. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xviii. 
p. 106; EUiot, Syn. Troch. p. 88; Sharpe in Goulffis Suppl Track. 
(Mar. 1887). 
Heliangelus squamigularis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 503. 
Nodalia barrali, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 100. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, the distal half of 
the crown appearing almost black in some aspects; throat glittering 
leaden green, with a dark margin on either side; breast glittering 

44 . XJEOSTICTE. 
167 

green; abdomen shining green; under tail-coverts green, with 
dusky-white edges; central reetriees dark shining green, lateral 
steel-blue; bill black. Total length about 4* L inches, wing 2*5; tail, 

central reetriees 1*3, lateral 1*7; bill 0*9. 

Female unknown. 

Young males have the feathers of the throat dusky blaek with 
dark green discs, amongst which the glittering feathers of the adult 
appear. 

Hah. Golombia. 

m. $ ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
(Type of H. squamigularis, Gould.) 
b. $ juv. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). G-ould ColL 
5. Heliotrypha speciosa. (Plate VI. &g. L) 
Adult male. Very similar to that of E. barrali, but with a longer 

bill, and the throat of a more glittering olive-green without the leaden 

or silvery hue of the allied species ; the feathers of the breast are 

rather more conspicuously white at the base, but 
this character is 

also seen" in H. barrali. Total length about 5 inches, wing 2*5 ; 

tail, central reetriees 1*45, lateral 1-6 ; bill 1. 

Hah. Colombia? 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. (Apparently of Bogota make.) Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
44, UEOSTICTK _ 
Type. 
Urosticte, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii pi. 190 (Oct. 1853); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 110 U. benjamini. 
Basilinna S. Urosticta, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. IS 
(1854). 
Mange. Andes from Ecuador to Peru. 

Key to the Species. 

<z. Throat glittering green; a, lilac pectoral spot, 
a'. Pectoral spot large; white postocular spot 
large; under tail-coverts green with white 
edges benjamin^ p. 167, 

b'. Pectoral spot small; white postocular spot 
small; under tail-coverts green with rufous 
edges intermedia, p. 168. 

b. 
Throat and breast uniform glittering green; no 
pectoral spot; under tail-coverts rufous nijiorissa, p. 169. 
1. Urosticte benjamin! 
Trochilus 
benjamini, Bourc, Compt. Betid, xxxii. p. 187; Gray, 
Hand-l B. i. p. 142. 
Urosticte benjamini, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii, pi, 190 (Oct. 1853) ; id. 

168 
TR0CHILI. 

Intr. Troch. p. 110; JBp. Mev. Zool 1854, p. 253 ; Scl P. Z. S. 1860, 

p. 95; id. Cat Am. B. p. 303; MuU. Sist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. 
p. 101, pi. 77; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 220 ; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 92. 
Basilhma 8. Urosticte benjamini, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Heliotrypha benjamini, Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 69. 

Adult male. Upper surface uniform grass-green, a large postocular 

white spot: throat glittering green; a large lilac pectoral spot 

followed below by a white band; abdomen shining grass-green, 

the feathers of the middle edged with greyish white; under tail-

coverts green, edged with white; central rectricesbronze-green, and 

as well as the next pair conspicuously tipped with pure white; 

lateral rectrices dark bronzy green; bill black. Total length about 

4 inches, wing 2 ; tail, central rectrices 1*2, lateral 1'55 ; bill 0*9. 

Female. Upper surface uniform shining grass-green ; a large white 

postocular spot as in the male; under surface white, each feather 

with a shining green discal spot; lateral rectrices tipped with 

white. 

Young males have rufous throats and gradually assume the 

glittering green feathers of the adult; the white tips to the four 

median rectrices and the pectoral spot are assumed at an early age. 

Hab. Ecuador. 

a-c. 
$ ad. sk Quito, Ecuador. Sabin-Godman & 
Gould CoUs. 
d-f. 3 ad. sk. Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 


g. 
$ ad.; h. $ Loxa, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. 
i~p. $ ad.; q-u. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
tf juv.; v~z. Gould Colls. 
2 ad. sk. 

ar. $ ad. sk. Ecuador (Eraser). Sclater Coll. 

2. Urosticte intermedia. 
Urosticte intermedia, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 36; id. Orn. P6r. L 
p. 351; Sharpe in Gould's Suppl. Troch. (Mar. 1887). 
" Supra aureo viridis; gula et collo antico squamosis, nitente 
viridibus; pectoris medio ornamento obscure violaceo; abdomine 
viridi, plumis griseo marginatis ; subcaudalibus rufescentibus, disco 
viridi; macula alba postoculari minima; remigibus brunneis, 
nitore violaceo; cauda emarginata, rectricibus basi aeneo-viridibus, 
apice fusco cupreis, mediis et submediis brevioribus, macula alba 
terminatis. 

" Fern, Subtus alba, viridi maculata ; rectricibus ternis utrinque 
lateralibus albo terminatis; subcaudalibus rufescente albida." 

(TaozanowsJci, L s. c.) 
Hob. Peru. 

45 . ADELOMYIA. 
169 

3. Urosticte ruficrissa. 
Urostiete ruficrissa, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 44; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 103, pi. 78; id. Ann. Soc. Linn Lyon, 

xxii. p. 220; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 91; Gould, Suppl. Troch. 
pi. 24 (Jan. 1883). 
Adult male. Similar to that of U. benjamini "but larger; bill longer; 
tail more deeply forked ; throat and breast uniform glittering green, 
without a pectoral spot and hardly any white across the chest; 
under tail-coverts rufous. Total length about 4*4inches, wing 2*4; 
tail, central rectrices 1*2, lateral 1*8 ; bill 1. 

Female. Like that of TJ. benjamini, but with pale buff under tail-

coverts. 
Hob. Ecuador, 
a-d. <? ad.; e, f.
c? juv.; g, h.
5 ad.sk. 
Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

45. ADELOMYIA. 
Type. 
Adelomyia, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 253 A. melanogenys. 
Adelisca, Cab. $• Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 72 ... . A. melanogenys. 

Mange. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throat spotted with green or brown. 
a\ Under surface pale whitish bun0. 
ah. Larger; gular spots spread over the 
whole throat melanogenys, p. 169. 
b". Small * gular spots confined to the upper 
>art of the throat ceneotincta, p. 171. 
er surface dark buff; gular spots confined 
to the upper part of the throat cervina, p. 171. 

b. Throat spotted with blue inornata, p. 172. 
1. Adelomyia melanogenys. 
Trochilus melanogenys, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 18 j Gray, Hand-1. 
B. i. p. 142.^ 
Trochilus sabinse, Bourc. $• Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, vi. 
p. 323 (1846); id. Rev. Zool 1846, p. 316. 
Mellisuga melanogenys, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 112. 
Melhsuga sabinae, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 112. 
Bhamphomicron sabinse, Bp. Consp. Av. i p. 79. 
Bhamphomicron melanogenys, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79. 
Metallura sabinse, Meich. Aufo. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, 
pi. 720. ff. 4636-7. 
Adelomyia sabinse, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 253. 
Adelisca melanogenys, Cab. <§* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 72; 

Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 214. 

170 
TROCHI1I. 

Adelomyia inelanogenys, Sol P. Z. S. 1859, p. 145, 1860, pp. 70, 94 ; 
id. Cat. Am. B. p. 303; Jameson 8? Fraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 400 ; 
Mids. $ Terr. Class. Troch. p. 71; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 

iii. p. 131; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 220; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 182; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 238, 1880, p. 207; id. Orn. 
Per. i. j. 361; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1884, p. 311, 1887, p. 325. 
Adelomyia maculata, 
Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 199 (Sept. 1861); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 113; Muls. Sf Verr. Class. Troch. p. 71; Gould, 

P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 303; Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1882, p. 37. 
Adelisca maculata, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 214. 
Troehilus maculata, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 142. 
Adelomyia cHorospila, Gould, Ann. <§* Mag. N. H. 1872, x. p. 452 ; 

Whitely, P. Z, 8. 1873, p. 189; Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. 

p. 128; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 220 ; Elliot, 8yn. Troch. 
p. 182; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 360; Sharpe in Gould's Suppl Troch. 
(April 1885). 
Adelomyia melanogenys maculata, Berl. § Tacz, P. Z. S.1884, p. 305, 
1885, p.] 04. 

Adult male. Upper surface golden grass-green, darker on the 

crown; a postoeular white stripe; ear-coverts blackish brown ; 

under surface pale buff, darker on the flanks; each feather of the 

throat with a brown discal spot, this colour changing in most cases 

into bronzy green in certain lights; flack-feathers with obscure 

green discs; tail bronzy brown, paler at the base, lateral rectrices 

tipped with buff: bill black, base of mandible and feet yellow. 

Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 2-25, tail 1*45, bill 0-7. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. 

The bird from Ecuador is said to be larger and to have a 
longer bill than the typical Colombian bird (the actual type from 
the Liverpool Museum being before me); but I am unable to 
distinguish them with certainty. A. eMorospila, described from a 
Peruvian specimen, has the spots of the throat more distinctly green 
than others from the same locality which I cannot separate from 


A. melanogenys. As these spots nearly always have some tint of 
green in certain lights, I am not disposed to recognize A. chhrospila 
as distinct. 
Hab. Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. 

&. Ad. sk. Alto, Colombia (<?. W. Wyatt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b-g. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
Gould, & Selater 
Colls. 
h, I Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
(Probable types of A. maculata, Gould.) 

j. Ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
kt I Ad. sk. Monji, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m-o. Ad. sk. Ulva, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
p, q. Ad. sk. Napo, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
r, s. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Fraser). Gould & Selater 
Colls. 
t 6 ad, sk. Tambillo, Peru (J. Stohmann). Gould Coll. 

45 . JLDELOMYIA. 
171 

u, v. <$ ad. sk. San Antonio, Peru, July Gould Coll. (Types 
(IT. Whitely). of A. chlorospila, Gould.) 

w. 
$ ad. sk. Guadalupe, Peru, Nov. Gould Coll. 
Off. W.) 
x. 
S ad.; y. J HuasanipiUa, Peru, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. {H, W.). 
z. 
Ad. sk. Peru (Warsezwiez). Gould Coll. 
2. Adelomyia aeneotiacta. 
Adelonivia nielanogenvs, Gould, Mm. Track, iii. pi. 198 (May 1859) j 
id. Intr. Troch. p. ll3 (partim); Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S.1875, p. 735. 
Adelomyia seneotincta, Simon, Mem. Soc. Zool. Fr. 1889, p. 223. 

Adult male. Yery similar to that of A. melanogenys, but smaller 
and with a shorter bill* the under surface is paler, and the gular 
spots are confined to the upper part of the throat* the recfcrices, 
too, appear to be wider. Length of wing 2 inches, bill 0*6. 

This bird was identified and figured by Gould as A. mehcnogenys, 
from which it presents several points of distinction; Gould, 
when describing A. maoulata, recognized the difference, but unfortunately 
described the wrong bird. This has recently been 
rectified by M. Simon. 

Hab. Venezuela. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Sierra Nevada de Merida, VeneSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
zuela, alt. 8000 feet {Goering), 
b. Ad. sk. Valley of Aragua, Venezuela, Dyson [C.l 
c-e. Ad. sk. [Venezuela.] Gould ColL 
3. Adelomyia cervina. 
Adelomyia 
cervina, Gould, Ann. § Mag. Ni H. 1872, x. p. 453; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 130* id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 220; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 181; Scl. $ Sah. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 529* Sharpe in Goulds Suppl Troch. pi 46 (March 
1887). 

Adult, Similar to A, mdanogenys, but larger and with proportionally 
shorter bill; under surface fawn-colour, rather lighter 
on the throat and middle of the abdomen, darker on the flanks, 
the feathers of which have indistinct green discs; throat spotted 
with brown, apparently without any shade of green: bill black, 
base of the mandible and the feet yellow. Total length about 
3*8 inches, wing 2*35, tail 1*5, bill 0-65. 

Bab. Colombia, Cauca Valley. 

a. Ad. sk. Medellin, Colombia (T. K. Salmon). Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
L Ad. sk. Medellin, Colombia (T, K S.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

172 TROCHILI. 

4. Adelomyia inornata. 
Trochilus ( ?) inornatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 89. 
Mellisuga inornata, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 112. 
Ehamphomicron inornatus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79. 
Metallura inornata, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 
Adelomyia inornata, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 253; Gould, Mon. 


Troch. iii. pi. 197 (May 1855); id. Intr. Troch. p. 113; Mute. $ 
Verr. Class. Troch. p. 71; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 377 ; MuU. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 127; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 220; BUiot, Syn. Troch. p. 181 ; Scl. § Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, 
p. 629; Tacz. Orn. Fir. i. p. 359. 
Adelisca inornata, Cab.fy Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 72. 
Trochilus inornatus, Gray, Haml-l. B. i. p. 142. 
Adult male. Similar to those of the rest of the genus ; the tipper 

surface, especially on the rump, more bronzy green; the middle of 

the under surface buff, the flanks washed with green; the discs of 

the central feathers of the throat glittering blue : bill nearly black, 

feet hazel. Total length about 2-5 inches, wing 2*05, tail 1*45, 

bill 0-65. 

Hob. Bolivia. 

a. <5 ad. sk. ? Sandillani, Yungas, Bolivia Gould Coll. 
(Bridges). (Probably a type.) 
b, c, d. J ad. sk. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 


e. <$ ad. sk. Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Buckley), 
f. (S ad. sk. Chairo, Yungas (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
46. AOTHOCEPHALA. 
Anthocephala, Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 72 (1860). A. floriceps. 
Range. Northern Colombia. 
1. Anthocephala floriceps. 
Trochilus ( ?) floriceps, Gould, B. Z. S. 1853, p. 62. 

Metallurafloriceps, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 

Adelomyia floriceps, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 253; Gould, Mm. 

Troch. iii. pi. 202 (May 1855); Mute. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 71. 
Anthocephala floriceps, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 72; 
Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 115; Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. 

p. 125; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 220; Elliot, Sun. Troch. 
p. 183; Sah. 8? Godm. Ibis, 1881, p. 595. 
Adult male. Upper surface golden grass-green, becoming bronzy 
on the upper tail-coverts and central rectrices; forehead pale buff, 
with a narrow anterior edge of blackish, and shading into " peach-
blossom " colour on the crown; under surface greyish buff, darker 
on the flanks, which are also tinged with green; lateral rectrices 
bronzy at the base, passing into a dark subterminal purplish band, 
the tips being buff; bill black. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 2 
tail 1-2, bill 0-75. 

47 . PHLOGOPHILUS. 
173 
Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the forehead and 
crown dark bronzy green. 
Young male. Similar to the female, but with the tips to the 
lateral rectrices wider and whiter, the rest of those feathers greener. 
Bah. Northern Colombia. 

a. S 
ad. sk. San Antonio, Sierra Nevada de' Gould Coll. 
Santa Marta, Colombia (Lin- (Type of the species.) 
den). 
b. S juv. sk. (A skin of Bogota make.) Gould Coll. 
c. <S ad. sk. ? 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. 
J ad. sk. San Jos£, Sierra Nevada de Santa Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, March (F. Simons). 
47. 
PHLOGOPHXLUS. 
Type. 
Phlogophilus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 310 P. hemileucurus, 
Range. Andes of Eastern Ecuador. 
A genus of doubtful affinity. Gould, unable to indicate its 
position, placed it at the end of the Trochilidce, but suggested, 
without stating his reasons, that it might be allied to Adelomyia. 
This view I am inclined to think justified. Mr. Elliot places it 
between Augastes and Schistes, and went so far as to state his 
belief that it might turn out to be inseparable from the former, and 
that P. hemileucurus might even prove to be only the female of one 
of the species of Augastes I 


1. Phlogophilus hemileucurus. 
Phlogophilus hemileucurus, Gould, P. Z. JS, 1860, p. 310; id. Mon. 
Troch. v. pL 360 (Sept. 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 181; ffliot, 
St/n. Troch. p. 172; Eudes-JDesl. Ann, Mus. Caen, i. p. 325, 

Leucolia hemileucura, Muk. $* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31. 
Elvira hemileucura, Huh. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 264; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205. 

Adult male ? Upper surface dark shining grass-green; under 

surface white, the feathers of the throat and flanks with green 

discs ; pectoral band, centre of the abdomen, and under tail-coverts 

white; central rectrices green tinged with bronze; lateral white 

with a wide central band, and the edges of the outer webs of the 

tips steel-blue-black: bill black; feet yellow. Total length about 

3*5 inches, wing 1*9; tail, central rectrices 1*3, lateral 0*9 ; bill 0*8. 

Adult female? Like the male, but with the tips of the lateral 

rectrices wholly white. 

I have now seen a considerable number of specimens of this 
species, all closely resembling one another. Some examples have a 
dark outer edging to the white tip to the lateral rectrices. These I 
take to be males, and those without this edging to be females. I 
have no dissected specimens before me, so that this supposition as to 


174 TROCHILX. 

the sexes is only suggested by the fact that in TrocMliclm generally 
the lateral rectrices of the females are, as a rule, tipped with 
lighter colour than those of the males. 

Hah. Andes of Eastern Ecuador. 

a. Ad.?sk Banks of the Tliver Napo?, Go^d Coll. 
(Type of tiie

Ecuador (Bourcier). species.) 
b, c. Ad. ? sk. Loxa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d-o. Ad. ? sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 

48. POLYTMUS. Type < 
Polytmus, Brim. Orn. iii. p. 667 (1760) P. thaumantias. 
Chrysobronchus, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252. 

Hange. South America from Colombia, Yenezuela, and Trinidad 
to Guiana and South-eastern Brazil. 

P. thaumantias has the nasal covers less exposed than either 
P. viridissimus or P. leueorrJwus; moreover, the tail is more rounded, 
being almost cuneate, and tipped and edged with white. The 
interramal space is more feathered in P. thaumantias than in either 
of the other species; so that it becomes a question whether they 
should all be referred to one genus. No attempt has as yet been 
made to make a separation, and I am hardly prepared to do so at 
present. 
Key to the Species. 

a. Tail more rounded, lateral rectrices tipped and 
edged with white $ interramal space more 
feathered thaumantias^ p. 174. 
b. Tail less rounded, lateral rectrices uniform green ; 
interramal space less feathered. 
a'. Under tail-coverts glittering green viridissimmf p. 176. 
b'. Under tail-coverts white leucorrhom, p. 176. 

1. Polytmus thaumantias. 
Polytmus, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 667. 
Trochilus thaumantias, Linn. Syst Nat. i. p. 190; Gm. Syst. Nat 


i. p. 489 j Vmll. N Diet oVRist. N. viL p. 353: id. Enc. Mith. 
p. 557. 
Colibri, Daub. PI. Enl 600.fig. 1. 
Petit Colibri, Buf: Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 64. 
Admirable Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. L 2, p. 763. 
Trochilus viridis, Aud. fy Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. p. 101, pi. 41 j VtetIL N. 
Diet. d'Eist. N. vii. p. 354 j id. Enc. MSth. p. 557; Less. 2nd. 
Gin. Troch. p. xxvii; d?Orb. $* Lafr. Syn. Av. ii p. 32; Cab. in 
Sehomb. Guiana, iii. p. 707. 

Trochilus chrysobronchus, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 287. 

Trochilus virescens, Dumont. Diet. Sc, Nat x. p. 49 (1818): Wied. 
Beitr.iv.y.W. X Jy ' 
Ornismya viridis, Less. Mist Nat Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxiiL 178* 


rr f f

pi. 60. '

48 . POLYTMTJS. 
175 
Polytmus chrysobronchus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108. 
Leucippus chrysobronchus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11: id. Troch. 
Enum. p. 8, pi. 781. ft 4816-7. 

Chrysobronchus virescens, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. iv. pi. 230 (Sept. 1858); E. C\ Taylor, Ibis, 1863, p. 92; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 276, iv. p. 180; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205; Scl. ty Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 629; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i, p. 442 : Forbes, Ibis. 1881, p. 348; 
Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 435. 

Polytmus virescens, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 126: Gray, Hand-l B. i. 

p. 129; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 142. 
Polytmus thaumantias, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 5; Scl Cat. 
Am. B. p. 307; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 28; Reinh. Vidensh. Medd. 
Nat. For. Kjob. 1870, p. 106; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 214; Salv. 
Cat. Strichl. Coll p. 366; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 317. 

Polytmus leucocHorus, Heme, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 176. 
Chlorestes thaurnantias, Muls. <$r Verr. Class. Troch. p. 32. 
Polytmus thaumantias virescens, Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 317. 

Adult male. Upper surface golden green, upper tail-coverts 
rather "brighter, crown duller; under surface glittering yellowish 
green ; under tail-coverts white with green discs; tail bluish green, 
tipped with white, the base of the outer web of all the feathers 
whitish, this colour in the outermost pair meets the white tip; bill 
blackish, the middle of the culmen and the mandible (except the 
tip) flesh-colour. Total length about 4*2 inches, wing 2*2, tail 1*5, 
bill 1 (Roraima). 

Young male. Under surface fawn-colour, a median line of glittering 
green feathers on the throat, outermost rectrix nearly white; bill 
black. 

There is a good deal of variation in the length of the bill in 
this species, and also in the colour of the central rectrices as well as 
acuteness of the outer ones. The latter characters seem to vary 
with age. P. leucochlorus, Heine, was based upon Venezuela specimens 
; P. thaumantias virescens, Berl., upon Bogota examples. I do 
not think either can be definitely separated. 

Hah. Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad, Guiana and Southeastern 
Brazil. 

a. 
5 ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk. Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 
c-f. (S ad.; g, Trinidad. Gould Coll. 
h. Ad.etiuv. 
sk. J 
i,j. S ad.; h, I. Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Jan., June, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c? juv.; m. Dec. (H. Whitely). 
$ ad. sk. 

n, o. <$ ad.; p. Pernambuco (W. A. Forbes). Salvin-Godman & 

$ ad. sk. Sclater Colls. 
q, r. S ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil (Wucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
s-v. d ad. sk. Bahia. Gould Coll. 

w. 
tf juv.; x. Chapada, Matto Grosso, May and Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ juv. sk. July (H. H. Smith). 
176 TKOCHILI. 

2. Polytmus vmdissimus. 
Oiseau-Mouche tout vert, And. fy Vieill. Ois. Dor. L p. 102; pi. 42. 
Trochilus viridissimus, Vieill. N. Diet d'Hist Nat. vii. p. 375; 

id. Enc. Meth. p. 572; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 129. 
Trochilus vireseens, Wied, Beiir. iv. p. 107 {nee Dion.). 
Trochilus theresise, Da Silva, Mai. Min. Bras. p. 2 (1848J. 
Amazilius viridissimus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77. 
Ohlorestes fi. Sniaragditis viridissima, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Chrysobronchus viridissimus, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252; Muh. 

Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 279, pi. 26; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 206; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 445 ; Salv. 
Ibis, 1885, p. 435. 

Chlorestes viridissima, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 695. if. 4547-8 ; 

Muls. <$• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 32. 
Thaurnantias viridissimus, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 344. 
Thaurnantias chrysurus, Burm. Sysi. Ueb. ii. p. 345. 
Chrysobronchus viridicaudus, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 231 (Sept. 

1858). 
Polytmus viridissimus, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 127; Scl. Cat. Am, 

B. p. 307; Feb. Orn. Bras. p. 28; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 214. 
Polytmus theresiee, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. JEein. iii. p. 5. 
Trochilus viridicaudus, Sauce?-. MS. {fide Cab.). 
Trochilus prasinus, Licht. Mus. Ber. {fide Cab.). 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy grass-green, duller 
on the crown; under surface, including the under tail-coverts, pale 
glittering grass-green; tail uniform glittering green : bill brown; 
mandible, except the tip, flesh-colour. Total length about 3*7 inches, 
wing 2-3, tail 1*3, bin 0-8. 


Female, Duller on the under surface than the male, under tail-
coverts edged and lateral rectrices tipped with white. 
Hab. Venezuela and Guiana. 


a. S ad. sk. [Venezuela.] Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b-d. S ad. sk. Demerara. Gould Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept 2 {H. Whitely). 
f, g. $ ad. sk. Meruit Mts., Brit. Guiana, Julv Salvin-Godman & 

(H. W.). " Sclater Colls. 
h, i. d ad. sk. (Cayenne make.) Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 

3. Polytmus leucorrhous. 
Polytmus leucorrhous, ScL $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1887, pp. 584, 753,1873 
p. 288; Gould, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 505; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 215. ' 
Chrysobronchus leucorrhous, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, L p. 281 
iv. p. 180; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; Eudes-Desl 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 446; Tacz. Orn. Fir. i. p. 373. 
Polytmus leucoproetus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 128. 


Adult male. Similar to that of P. viridissimus, but with the 
under tail-coverts white. 


49 . DOLEROMYIA. 
a. $ ad. sk. Xeberos, Upper Amazons, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(E. Bartlett). 
b-d. <S ad.; e- Upper Amazons (E. B.). Gould Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. (Types of the species.) 
h. $ ad. sk. Xeberos, June 27. E. Bartlett [CA 
t. j. <S ad. sk. Upper Amazons. E. Bartlett [C.J. 
k, I. d ad. sk. Cobati, Rio Negro, Nov. (A. E, Salvin-Godman & 
Wallace). Gould Colls. 
m, n. ? ad. sk. Rio Negro, Dec. (A. E. W.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

49. DOLEEOHYIA. 
Type. 
Doleromya, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249 D. fallax. 
Dolerisca, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. JSein. iii. p. 6 D. fallax. 

B mge. Northern Colombia and Venezuela. 

1. Doleromyia fallax. 
Trochilus fallax, Bourc. Ann. Soc. Sc. Rhys, et Nat. Lyon, vi. 
p. 44 (1843; ; id. Rev. Zool. 1843, p. 103. 
Trochilus (Lampornis ?) fulviventris, Gould, P. Z» S. 184G, p. 88. 
Polytmus fallax, Gray, Eand-l. B. I p. 129. 
Doleromyia fallax, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249; Muls. Hist Nat. 
Oi$.~Mouckes, i. p. 200, pi. 18; Eude$-I)esl Ann. Mus. Cam, i. 

p. 166; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 9. 
Leucippus fallax, Gould, Mm. Troch. ii. pi. 5G (Sept. 185G). 
Dolerisca fallax, Cab. 4* LLeine, Mus. Mein. iii. p. 6; Gould, Intr. 
Troch p. 56 j Scl 8r Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 168. 
Dolerisca cervina, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 56. 
Leucolia fallax, Mute, fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31. 
Doleromya fallax, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 204. 

Adult male. Upper surface dull green, the feathers edged with 

dusky, darker on the crown; under surface fulvous, the lower 

abdomen and under tail-coverts white; central reetrices dull green, 

the rest tipped with white and having a dark subterminal band ; 

mandible black, maxilla flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length 

about 4 inches, wing 2-5, tail 1*5, bill 1. 

Young almost exactly like the adult. 

The Colombian birds have a little less white on the lateral ree


trices, and in this respect agree with the type of D. cervina, Gould. 

The difference is hardly material. 

Hab. Northern Colombia and Venezuela. 

a. Ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. [Venezuela,] Gould Coll. 
(Probable type of T. fulviventris, Gould.) 
c. <5 ad. sk. Carupano, Venezuela, Dec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(A. Goeriny). 
& a<i. sk. ? Gould Coll. 
(Type of I), cervina, Gould.) 
e-g. Juv. sk. ? Gould Coll. 
h, I Ad. sk. Northern Colombia (F. Simons). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

VOL. xvr. 

178 
TROCHILI, 

50. LEUCOCHLOEIS. Typ e 
Agyrtria y. Leucochloris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 

(1854) 
L. albicollis. 

Bangs. Southern Brazil and Paraguay. 

1. Leucochloris albicollis. 
Troehilus albicollis, 
Vieill N. Diet. d'Hist. N. xxiii. p. 426 ; id. Enc. 
Meth. p. 558; Less. hid. Gen. Troch. p. sxv ; Temm. PL Col. 203. 
£2. 
Colibri albogularis, Spiv, Av. Bras, i. p. 81, pi. 82. £ 1. 
Trocbilus vulgaris, Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 72. 
Ornismya albicollis, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxiii, 184, 
pi. 63 ; d Orb. $ Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 30. 
Polytinus albicollis, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108; id. Hand-l. B. i. 

p. 127. 
Tbaumantias albicollis, Bp. Consp. Av. I. p. 78 ; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 
p. 255; Burnt. Syst. TJeb. ii. p. 342; id. J.f Orn. 1800, p. 245 j id. 
La Plata Reise, ii. p. 448. 
Agyrtria y. Leucochloris albicollis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10, 
Leucippus albicollis, Reich. Troch. Emim. p. 8, pi. 782. if. 4818-9. 
Leucochloris albicollis, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 291 (Sept. lboo) ; 

id. Mr. Troch. p. 151; 31uls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 32; Mills. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 261, pi. 22, iv. p. 178; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 138; id. Syn. 
Troch. p. 200; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 030; Eudes-Desl. 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 7, p. 323 ; Salv. Cat Stride!. Coll. p. 368 ; 
Scl. $* Huds. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 7. 

Agyrtria albicollis, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 32; Heine, 

J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 183; Reinh. Vidensk Medd. Nat. For.Kjob. 1S70, 
p. 112; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 29; Berl J.f.O.n. 1873, p. 270. 
Adult male. Upper surface, chin, chest, and Hanks shining grass-
green ; throat, middle of the abdomen, and under tail-coverts pure 
white; central rectrices rather darker than the back, lateral steel-
blue conspicuously tipped with white; bill black, basal three-
fourths of the mandible flesh-colour. Total length about 4 inches 
wing 2-4, tail 1-3, bill 1. 


Hah. Southern Brazil and Paraguay. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Eio Janeiro, Brazil (Touds). Salvin-Godman Collc-
g. Ad. sk. Eio. Gould Coll. 

h. Ad. sk. Santa Catarina, Brazil (Rogers). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Santa Catarina (Rogers). Sclater Coll 
51. AGYRTEIA. 
Tjpe. 

Thaumarttias, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 255 (nee 

Esehsch.). 
Agyrtria, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 (1854). 
Thaumasius, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 146 V. taczanowskii. 

51 . AGYRTKU. 
Ranje. Tropical America, from SouthernSouth Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throat white, green, or "blue. 
a'. Crown glittering green or bluish green. 
a". Throat and breast white. 
a'"t Bill wholly blackb"'. Mandible except the tip flesh-colour. 

#4. Lateral rectrices steel-blueb*. Lateral rectrices greyish green. 
a5. Larger; lateral rectrices without 
definite subterminal bar

b5 

. Smaller; lateral rectrices with 
more or less definite subterminal 
bar

b". Throat and breast glittering green. 
c"'. Crown glittering pale bluish green; 
bill longerd'". Crown glittering green; bill smaller,
b'. Crown dull green, slightly darker than 
the back. 
c". Breast glittering blue. 

e"ft Lateral rectrices pale greenish 
bronze, with a subterminal blackish 
bar

f". Lateral rectrices steel-blued'K Throat and breast glittering green or 
white. 
g'". Under tail-coverts greyish edged 
with white. 

c4. Lateral rectrices greyish green, 
with a more or less distinct subterminal 
bar. 

c5. Middle of the throat and breast 
white

d5 

. Throat and breast covered with 
green spots

d*. Lateral rectrices steel-blue, sometimes 
tipped with bronze or 
whitish. 

e5. Lateral rectrices with more or less 
distinct tips of grey or bronze. 

a6. Lateral rectrices steel-blue 
beneath except at the extreme 
base. 

a7. Larger; lateral rectrices less 
distinctly tipped

b7 

. Smaller; lateral rectrices 
very distinctly tipped

b9. Lateral rectrices bronzy green, 
with purple - bronze subterminal 
bar « ^

f. 
Lateral rectrices nearly uniform, 
or with narrow whitish tips. 
Mexico to Bolivia and 

niveipectus, p. 180. 
leucogaster, p. 181. 
viridiceps, p. 181. 
milleri, p. 182. 
cceruleiceps, p. 183. 
nitidifrons, p. 183. 

neglecta, p. 183. 
bartletti, p. 184. 

bremrostrls, p. 185s 

affirmt p, 185 * 

viridissima, p. 186. 
maculicauda, p. 188. 

lucice, p. 188. 

* A. atfeni, Elliot, p. 186, probably belongs here. 
x2 

180 
TROCHILI. 

c6. Throat and breast bluish green; 
lateral rectrices nearly uniform 
Jluviatilis, p. 188. 

d*. Throat and breast golden 
green; lateral rectrices narrowly 
tipped with whitish .. apicalis, p. 189. 

h'". Under tail-coverts white. 
e\ Middle of the under surface white. Candida, p. 190. 
f-. Throat aod breast glittering green. 

g5. Larger; central rectrices green 
tipped with blackish tephrocephala, p. 191. 
h5. Smaller; central rectrices wholly 
green nitidicauda, p. 192. 

i5. Smaller; central rectrices very 
dark, faintly washed with 
greenish towards the base ... . nigrieauda, p. 192. 

i"\ Under tail-coverts green compsa, p. 192. 

b. Throat and under surface pale grey, the 
former faintly marked with dusky spots .. tacza/iowskii, p. 193. 
1. Agyrtria niveipecttis. 
Thaumatias chionopectus, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 293 (Sept. 
1859) ; id, Intr. Troch. p. 152; E. C. Taylor, Ibis, 180$, p. 92 ; 
Miot, Ibis, 1878, p. 40. 

Agyrtria niveipectus, Cab, $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 33; Set. Cat. 
Am, B. p. 312; Heine, X f. Orn. 1863, p. 184; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 202; Satv. Cat Strickl. Coll. p. 368. 

Leucolia chionopectus, 
Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Eudes-
Desl. Ann, yius. Caen, i. p. 337. 
Leucolia niveipectus, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, L p. 227, iv. 

p. 173 ; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 204. 
Polytmus chionopectus, ZSot. Ois. Trin. p. 140 (1866); Gray, Hand-L 
JB. I p. 128. 

Adult male. Upper surface bronzy green, becoming darker on the 
upper tail-coverts ; crown and sides of the neck glittering green; 
throat and middle of the abdomen white* flanks golden green; 
under tail-coverts pale grey with white edges; tail purple-bronze, 
the lateral rectrices with an indistinct sub terminal darker band ; 
bill black. Total length about 3-6 inches, wing 2*15; tail, central 
rectrices 1*1, lateral 1*3 ; bill 0*85. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the crown less 
brilliant, and the subterminal band on the lateral rectrices more 
distinct, and the outer three feathers on either side tipped with 
grey. 

Hah. Trinidad, Venezuela, and British Guiana. 

a-c. 6 ad. * d. $ Trinidad (Tucker). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. (Types of T. chionopectus, Gould.) 

e. 3 ad. sk. Trinidad. Sclater Coll. 
/ $ ad. sk.
g. <$ ad. sk. 
Venezuela (Spence). 
British Guiana (Schomburgh). 
Sclater Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
h. d ad. sk. Quonga, Brit. Guiana, Oct. 23 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. Whitely). 
I Ad. sk. p Salvin-Uodman Coll. 

51 . AGTJRTKIA. 
181 
2. Agyrtria leucogaster. 
Mellisuga cayennensis, 5? m Orn. iii. p. 704, pi. 86. f. 3. 
Vert-dor^, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 29. 
Oiseaux Moucbes de Cayenne, oVAub. PL Enl. 276. f. 3. 
Trochilus leucogaster, G?n. Syst. Nat. i. p. 495; Vieill. N. Diet. 


dHist. N. vii. p; 363; id. Enc. Meth. p. 564. 
Oiseaux Mouches a gorge et ventre Mane, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 104, 
pi. 43. 
Ornismya albirostris, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxiv, 212, 

pi. 78. 
Trochilus albirostris, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxv. 
Thaumatias leucogaster, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 255; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 294 (Sept. 1859); id. Mr. Troch. 
p. 152 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 41; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mm. Caen. i. 
p. 374. 
Agyrtria leucogaster, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10; id. Troch. Enum. p. 7, 
pi. 762. IF. 4762-64; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 34; JPelz. 
Orn. Bras. p. 29; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 202; Salv. Ibis, 1885, 

p. 435. 
Leucolia leucogaster, Muk. Sf Terr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Muls. Hist 
Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 231; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 204. 
Polytmus leucogaster, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 128. 
? Trochilus mellisugus, Linn. Syst Nat. i. p. 192; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 
p. 494? 
? Thaumatias mellisuga, Bp. Consp. i. p. 78. 
Adult male. Upper surface golden grass-green; crown and sides 
of the neck and breast glittering grass-green ; whole of the middle 
of the under surface and the under tail-coverts white; flanks 
shining green; tail steel-blue, the central rectrices bronzy green: 
maxilla black; mandible, except the tip, flesh-colour. Total length 
about 4 inches, wing 2; tail, central rectrices 1, lateral 1*2; 
bill 0*9. 

Adult female. Like the male, but with the lateral rectrices 

obscurely tipped with bronzy grey. 
Hob. Cayenne, and Eastern Brazil to Bahia. 
The bird marked u Demerara " is immature, and lacks the glittering 

crown. I doubt the correctness of its locality. 

a. h. d 
ad. sk. (Skins of Cayenne make.) Salvin-Godman & 
' Gould Colls, 
c. S ad. sk, Cayenne. 
E. Wilson, Esq. [P.]. 
d. 5 ad. sk. Demerara. 
Gould Coll. 
e. f. d ad. sk. Pernambuco (Forbes). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g-k. S 
ad.; l-n. Bahia, Brazil. Salvin-Godman & 
§ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

3. Agyrtria viridiceps. 
Thaumatias viridiceps, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 307; id. Mon. Troch. 
v. pi. 295 (July 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 152; id. P. Z. S. 1870, 
p. 803 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 42. 
182 
TKOCHILI. 

Agyrtria viridiceps, Seine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 185; Elliot, Syn. 

Troch. p. 203 ; Berl 8f Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 568. 
Polytmus viridiceps, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 128. 
Leucolia viridiceps, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Muls. Hist. 

Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 229; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxn. 
p, 204 j Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 360. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, becoming more 
bronzy on the rump and upper tail-coverts; crown and sides of the 
neck glittering green; under surface, including the under tail-
coverts, pure white ; flanks washed with shining green ; tail greyish 
green, the lateral rectrices with a subterminal dark band : maxilla 
black; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 4 
inches, wing 2*1, tail 1*3, bill 1*1. 

Female. Similar to the male. 
Eab. Ecuador. 


a, b. J ad.; c. $ Ecuador, near Nanegal? Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. (Types of species.) 

d. S ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. 
S ad.; g. £ Citado, Ecuadar (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

h. Juv. sk. Balzar Mts., Ecuador (Ming- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
worth). 
i~o. <$ ad.; p. $ Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
ad.; q. Juv. sk. Gould Colls. 

4. Agyrtria milleri. 
TrocMlus milleri, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 43; id. JRev. Zool 1847, 
p. 255. 
Polytmu3 milleri, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108 ; id. Hand-l. B. i. p. 128. 
Thaumatias milleri, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 
p. 255; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 296 (Sept: 1859): id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 152 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 42. 
Agyrtria milleri, Reich. Avfz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. Enum. p. 7, 
pi. 759. if. 4752-3; Cab. % Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 33; ScL Cat. 
Am. B. p. 313; Seine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 185; Peh. Orn. Bras. 

p. 
29; ScL § Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 584; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 203; Berl J.f Orn. 1887, p. 330. 
Leucolia milleri, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 225, iv. p. 173; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 204; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 362. 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of A. viridiceps, but smaller, 
and with much shorter bill; the bright crown and sides of the neck 
with a slight bluish tint (a somewhat variable character). Total 
length about 3*3 inches, wing 1*9, tail 1*15, bill 0*75. 

Hab. Eio Negro, Colombia. 

a-h. <$ ad.; i-k. Colombia (skins of Bogota Salvin-Godman, 
$ ad. sk. make). Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 
I S ad. sk. Cobati, Rio Negro, Nov. (A. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

R. Wallace). 
51 . AGYHTBIA. 
183 
5. Agyrtria cseruleiceps. (Plate VII. fig. 1.) 
Thaumatias csaruleiceps, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 307; id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 152; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, i. p. 239; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxiL p. 204; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 1878, p. 52. 

Leucochlorls caeruleiceps, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31. 

Agyrtria cseruleiceps, Heine^ J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 185; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 206; Sharpe, in Gould's Mon. Troch, Suppl. (Mar. 
1885); Berl J.f. 0m. 1887, p. 330. 

Leucolia csertdeiceps, Eudes~Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, I. p. 370. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green, passing into bronzy-
green on the rump and upper tail-coverts, and into glittering 
greenish blue on the nape and crown; under surface shining green, 
more glittering on the throat, the sides of which are bluer, and the 
feathers in the middle edged with dusky white (? immature); under 
tail-coverts grey, with darker centres; tail nearly uniform bronzy 
green, with a very faint indication of a darker sub terminal bar: 
maxilla dark brown; mandible (except at the tip) flesh-colour. 
Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 2-1, tail 1*2, bill 0*85. 

Hab. Colombia. 

a. 3 
ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. (Type 
of species.) 
6. Agyrtria nitidifrons. 
Thaumatia* nitidifrons, Gculd, P. Z. S. I860, p. 308; id. Mon. Troch. 
v. pL 297 (Sept. 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 152; Muls. Hist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 238, iv. p. 174; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 204; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 52. 
Agvrtria nitidifrons, Seine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 185; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 205; Sah. Cat. Strichl Coll. p. 368. 
Leucochloris nitidifrons, Mids. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 32. 
Leucolia nitidifrons, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 367. 

Adult male. Similar to that of A. cceruleiceps, but smaller and 
with shorter bill. The whole head, sides of the neck, and throat 
are glittering green, the crown being slightly bluer ; tail olive-
green, the lateral feathers crossed by a subterminal band of purplish 
brown : under tail-coverts grey, edged with white. Total length 
about 3 inches, wing 1-9, tail 0*85, bill 0-68. 

Hah. ? 
a. d ad. sk. ? Gould Coll.
of species.) 
(Type 
7. Agyrtria neglecta. 

Ornismya bicolor, tfOrb. 8? Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 30. 
Thaumatias neglectus, Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 140,1878, p. 53; Muls. 
Mist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 174; ScL 8f Sah. P. Z. S. 1879, 

p. 630. 
Agyrtria neglecta, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 205. ^ 
Leucolia neglecta, Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, l. p. 368. 
184 TBOCHILI. 

" Male. Top of head, nape, and mantle metallic green ; throat and 
upper part of the breast brilliant metallic blue, the white bases of 
the feathers on the throat and breast showing conspicuously amid 
the blue; but this may be caused by the plumage of the specimen 
being disarranged. Back, rump, and upper tail-eovei-ts light 
greenish bronze: wings purplish; flanks and lower part of breast 
shining green; abdomen whitish; under tail-coverts pale brown, 
margined with white; tail pale greenish bronze; a subterminai 
black bar, as in many species of Thaumatias, is present on all the 
feathers excepting the two median ones: biH very slender and 
pointed; maxilla black ; mandible flesh-colour; feet black. Total 
length 8*25 inches, wing 2, tail 1*25, bill 0*75. 

"Female. Head and upper parts, sides of throat, and flanks shining 
grass-green; centre of throat and underparts whitish, apparently 
spotted with metallic light green; tail like that of the male, tips 
of lateral feathers whitish; under tail-coverts whitish; wings 
purple; maxilla broken off, the base black; mandible flesh-colour; 
feet black. Length 3*75 inches, wing 2, tail 1-25, bill 0*75." 

(Elliot, I s. c.) 

Described by Mr. Elliot from specimens in the Paris*Museum, 
brought by d'Orbigny from Moxos and Yungas in Bolivia. The so-
called female was in bad condition, but if correctly described shows 
a sexual difference in the colour of the throat from the male without 
precedent in this genus. 

Hah. Bolivia. 

8. Agyrtria bartletti. 
Tkaumantias bartletti, Gould, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 194; Set. $ Salv. 
P. Z. S.1873, p. 388; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 255; id. 
Ann. JSoc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 53; Elides-
JDesl. Ami. Mm. Caen, i. p. 378. 
Polytmus bartletti, Or ay, Hand-l. B. i. p. 128. 
Agyrtria bartletti, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 205; Tacz. Orn. Fir. i. 


p. 403; Sharpe in Gould's Mon. Troch. pi. 50 (Mar. 1885). 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, changing to 
bronzy green on the upper tail-coverts; throat and breast dark glittering 
blue; middle of the abdomen greyish white; flanks 
shining bluish green; under tail-coverts dark brown edged with 
greyish white; tail steel-blue, the central rectrices above washed 
with bronzy green: maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, tip 
black. Total length about 4*1 inches, wing 2*1, tail 1*15, bill 0*9. 
^ Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the lateral rectrices 
tipped with greyish white. 
Hah. Upper Amazons Yalley. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. Upper Ucayali, Peru, June, J 
July (E. Bartktt). \ Gould Coll. 

c. $ ad.sk. Sarayacu, Peru, Aug. (E.B.). J (Types of the 
species.) 
d-f. 6 ad. sk. Sarayacu, Peru, June, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

{E. P.), &c. 
51 . AGYRTRIl. 
185 
9. Agyrtria "brevirostris. 
Ornismya brevirostris, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxvii. 

211, pi. 77. ™ ' 
Trochilus brevirostris, Less. 2nd. Gen. Troch. p. xxvi. 
Polvtmus brevirostris, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108 j id. Hand-l B. i. p. 128. 
Trochilus versicolor, Nordm. in Ermaris Reise, Atl. pi. i. ff. 1-3. 
Hylocharis versicolor, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 115; Bp. Consp. Av. i. 

p. 74. 
Agyrtria brevirostris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. Enum. 
p. 7, pi. 759. f. 4749; Cab. fy Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 34; Scl. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 313; Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 185; Pels. Orn. 
Bras. p. 29 ,* Berl J. f. Orn. 1873, p. 276; Elliot. Syn. Troch. 
p. 204. 
Agyrtria versicolor, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. Emm. 
p. 7, pi. 759. rX 4750-1. 
Leucochloris brevirostris, Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31. 
Leucolia brevirostris, Eudes-Eesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 365. 
Thaumatias brevirostris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 
p. 2oo ; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 298 (May 1855); id. Intr. Troch. 
p. 152; Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 343; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 44; 
MuJs. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i, p. 241, iv. p. 176 ; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxiL p. 205. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green; middle of the 
tinder surface from the chin to the vent pure white; sides of the 
neck glittering green; flanks shining golden green; under tail-
coverts greenish grey, edged with white; tail shining olive-green, 
the lateral rectrices with a dark subterminal band: maxilla black ; 
mandible flesh-colour, tip black. Total length ahout 3-5 inches, 
wing 1-95, tail I -15, bill 0*75. 


Female. Similar to the male, the lateral rectrices with pale tips. 
Hah. South-eastern Brazil. 

a-d. (S ad.; e. $ Bahia, Brazil (JJucherer). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
/ . J ad. sk. Bahia. E. Fielding, Esq. 
HP.]. 
a, k <£ ad. sk. Eio Janeiro, Brazil. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

i. S ad. sk. Brazil (Natterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j, k. (S ad. sk. Santa Catarina, Brazil (Royers). Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
I, m. $ ad. sk. Parana, Brazil (Rogers). Gould Coll. 


10. Agyrtria affinis. 
Thaumatias affinis, 
Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 299 (May 1855) ; id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 153. 
Agyrtria affinis, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 33; Scl. Cat Am. 

B. p. 313 ; Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 185 ; Reinh. Vidensh. Medd. 
Nat. For. Kjob. 1870, p. 112. 
Polytinu* affinis, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 128. 


186 
TROCHILI. 

Similar to A. brevlrostris, but with a glittering green discal spot 
on all the feathers of the throat and breast, so that there is no continuous 
median white line on the under surface. 

This form of A. brevirostris seems sufficiently distinct for recognition. 
It probably has a distinct range, but trade skins do not 
afford trustworthy data on this point. All Mr, Herbert Smith's 
specimens from Matto Grosso are of this form. 

Hal. South-eastern Brazil. 

a. $ 
ad.; b, c. § Minas Geraes, Brazil. Gould Coll. ^ (Types 
ad. sk. of the species.) 
d-h. <$ ad.; i. J Bio Janeiro, Brazil. Salvirt-Godmaii, 
ad.; /. Juv. sk. 
Gould, &, Sclater 
CoUs. 

h. $ ad. sk. Brazil (Natterer). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I. $ 
ad.; m. J Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
n-r. S ad.; s-n. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad.; v, Juv. June, Sept. Oct. (fi. H. 
sk. Smith). 


11. Agyrtria alleni. 
Agyrtria alleni, Elliot, Auk, vL p. 263. 

" Top of head and occiput dark greenish blue, not metallic ; nape, 
back, and shoulders shining grass-green; rump and upper tail-
coverts glittering bronze; tail shining bronze, with the tips of the 
feathers pale grey, widest on the outermost rectrices and diminishing 
to the central ones, which have a mere indication of grey at the 
tip ; wings purplish brown; sides of neck shining bluish green ; 
throat and centre of breast white, speckled with shining green; 
sides of breast and flanks metallic grass-green; abdomen whitish; 
under tail-coverts pale brown, edged with white: maxilla black; 
mandible flesh-colour, tip black; feet black. Total length 3 | 
inches, wing If, tail lT7-g-, bill f. 

Eab. " Yungas, Bolivia." (Elliot, Z. s. c.) 
Unknown to me. 


12. Agyrtria viridissima. 
? Trochilus maculatus, Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. p. 106, pi. 44; id. N. I>kt. 
d'Hist N. Tii. n. 361; id. Ene. Metl. p. 563. 
Ornismya viridissima, Less, Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxiv, 207}

pi. 75. 
Trochilus viridissima, Less. Ind. GSn. Troeh. p. xxvi. 
Chlorestes malvina, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. Track. Enum. p. 4, 

pi. 696. ft. 4550-1. 
Chlorestes Saucerottia vhidipectus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. 
Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 702. ff. 4573-4. 
Thaumatias linnsei, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255; Gould, Mon. Troch. 

v. pi. 302 (Sept. 1856); id. Intr. Troch. p. 153; Muls. Hist Nat 
51 . AGFRTBIA. 
187 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 248, iv. p. 176; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 205. 
Thaumatias viridissimus, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 344 ? 
Agyrtria malvinse, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 33: Seine, J. f. 
Ora. 1863, p. 188. 
Agyrtria terpna, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863. 
Leucoehloris linnsei, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 32. 
Polytmus linnseij Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 128. 
Thaumatias tobaci, Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 49; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 206 ; Eudes-Eesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 383; Salv. Ibis, 1885, 
p. 435. 
Thaumatias terpna, Mids. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205. 
Agvrtria maculata, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 33; Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 313; Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 184; Pelz. Orn. Bras. 

p. 29 ; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 554. 
Agyrtria viridissima terpna, BerL J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 330. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining bronzy green, darker on 
the head; throat and breast glittering grass-green; middle of the 
abdomen "white ; flanks shining green; under tail-coverts grey, 
broadly edged with white ; tail dark steel-blue, median pair of rectrices 
bronzy green, lateral greenish at the base and on the edges of 
the outer webs and tips ; maxilla blackish; mandible flesh-colour, tip 
black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*2, tail 1*2, bill 0*9. 
Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the tips of the lateral 
rec-trices grey. 

Mr. Elliot identifies this bird with Latham's " Tobago Humming 
Bird " (TrocMlus tobaci, Gm.), but I much doubt if he is correct in 
so doing; and I agree with Count Berlepsch that this name is 
better applicable to an Amazilia of the erythroaota group, perhaps 
to A. erythronota itself. Trochilus maculatus, YieilL, probably 
applies to this species, and was so assigned by Cabanis and Heine, 
but there are discrepancies in the description which render this 
determination doubtful. On the whole Lesson's title 0. viridissima 
is the least unsatisfactory one to use, and this is Count Berlepseh's 
opinion. 

I feel very doubtful as to the status of A. alkalis and A. 
maculicauda with respect to A. viridissima, but the materials before 
me are insufficient and the data respecting them too imperfect to 
enable me to decide how many forms can really be recognized. It 
would not surprise me if eventually only one is admitted, with a 
range extending from Guiana to Colombia. 

A. fiuviatilis can apparently be always distinguished by the bluer 
shade of the throat; 
and, in the male, by its uniform tail. 
Hob. Guiana, Venezuela, Trinidad, and Lower Amazons Valley. 

a, b. d ad. sk. Trinidad. # ^ Gould Coll. 
c, d. S ad.; e-g.
J ad. sk.
h. $ ad.: i. $ 
Merume' Mts., Brit. Guiana, 
July (H. Whitely). 
Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Nov. 
Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk.
j-m. 6 ad. j n. $
ad. sk. 
(H. W.). 
Cayenne. Salvin-Godman, 
Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 

TJROCHILl. 

188 

o. cS ad. sk. Mexiana I., Amazons, Nov. Salvin-Godoian Coll. 
(A. R. Wallace). 
p. $ ad. sk. Para. 
Wallace [C.]. 
13. Agyrtria maculicauda. 
Thaumatias maculicauda, 
Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 154; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 250, iv. p. 176 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 205; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 51; Eudes-DesL Ami. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 387, 
Agvrtria maculicanda, Heine, J. f. Orn. 1868, p. 184; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 207; Sharpe in Gould's Mon. Troch. plax. 18bo). 
Leucochloris maculicauda, Muls. 4' Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31. 

Female ? Upper surface shining golden green, a little duller on 
the crown; throat and breast glittering green; middle of the abdomen 
and under tail-coverts dusky white; tail shining green, the 
central pair of rectrices tipped with black, the lateral with a wide 
subterminal band of steel-blue, the tips pale green at the base, the 
ends whitish; the outermost pair of rectrices beneath are steel-blue, 
green at the base of the outer web and tipped as above: maxilla 
black ; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 4*3 
inches, wing 2, tail 1*1, bill 0*9. 

Hab. British Guiana. 

a. $ ? ad. sk. British Guiana (Schomburgh). Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
14. Agyrtria luciae. 
Thaumatias lucise, Lawr. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1867, p. 233; Muls. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205; Eiliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 0"2; Eudes-
DesL Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 385. 

Agyrtria lucise, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 208. 

" Upper plumage of a dull bronzy dark green, the crown duller; 
the upper tail-coverts of a lighter bronzy green, somewhat golden ; 
the tail-feathers are dull bronzy green, all except the two 
central ones are broadly marked near their ends with dark purplish, 
bronze, the tips being ashy grey ; the throat and breast are glittering 
bluish green; middle of the abdomen white; the under tail-
coverts are light olive, margined with white; wings brownish 
purple: upper mandible black, the under yellow, with the end 
blackish; feet black. Length (skin) 3 | inches, wing 2i , tail II , 

Hab. " Honduras." (Lawrence, I. s. c.) 

I do not know this bird. Mr. Lawrence compares it with A. 
viridissima, but remarks that the lateral rectrices differ, resembling 
those of A, niveipectus. 

15. Agyrtria fluviatilis. 
Thaumatias fluviatilis, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 154; Scl. # Sak\ 
P. Z. S. 1866, p. 194, 1867, pp. 753, did, 1873, p. 2*58; Muls, 
51 . AGYETRIA. 
189 

Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 253, iv. p. 176; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 205; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 51; Eudes~L>esl. Ann 
Mus. Caen, I p. 380; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 39; id. Orn. Pir. i 

p. 404. 
Agyrtria fluviatilis, Seine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 184; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 207; Sharjpe in Gould's Mon. Troch. Suppl. pi. 51 (Mar 
1885). r ^ 
Leucochloris fluviatilis, Muls. fy Terr. Class. Troch. p. 32. 
Polytmus fluviatilis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 128. 

Adult male. Similar to that of A. viridissima, but with the throat 
rather bluer, the under tail-coverts with larger and darker discal 
spots, and the outer rectrices uniform steel-blue without green tips. 


Female. Eesembles the male, but has very faint indications of 
pale tips to the lateral rectrices. 
Hob. Upper Amazons Valley. 


a. 
cS ad.; b. Juv. Napo, Ecuador. Gould Coll. (Types 
sk. of the species.) 
c. <$ ad.; d~-f. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
g. S 
ad.; h. $ Lower Ucayali, Peru, May. E. Bartlett [C.]. 
juv. sk. 
t. Juv. sk. Amazons (E. B.). Gould Coll. 
j~n. S ad.; o,p. Pebas, Amazons, May, June Salvin-Godman, 
$ ad. sk. 
(J. Hauxwell). Gould, & Sclater 
Coils. 

q. <$ ad. sk. Iquitos, Amazons, May (JET. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitely). 
16, Agyrtria apicalis. 

Thaumatias apicalis, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 154; Muls. Hist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 252; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205 j 
Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 51; Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 386 j 
Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 331. 

Agyrtria apicalis, Seine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 184; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 207; Sharpe in Gould's Mon. Troch. Suppl. (Mar. 1885). 
Agyrtria terpna, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 184; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 253. 
Leucochloris apicalis, Muls. 8f Terr. Class. Troch. p. 32. 


" About the same size as A. fluviatilis, and with equally lengthened 
bill; the upper surface golden green ; the centre of the abdomen 
and under tail-coverts pure white; the four outer tail-feathers 
steel-black, with pure white at the tip. Total length about 3*5 
inches, wing 2-12, tail 1-25, bill 1." {Gould, I. s. e.) 

The under tail-coverts in the type specimens can hardly be 
called pure white, as there is a dark shade over their discal area, 
more plainly shown in other examples. I am inclined to think 
that Gould's type is a female, and that the male has a greenish tip 
to the outer rectrices. If this is so, the relationship to A. viridissima 
becomes very close, and the only point of distinction lies 

190 
TR0CHILT. 

in the more uniformly steel-blue tail towards the base in A. 
apicalis. 

A. terpna was probably founded on a male of A, apicalis. 
Hab. Colombia. 
a. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
b~f. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
17. Agyrtria Candida. 

TroeMlus candidus, Bourc. § Mids. Ann. Sc. Rhys, ei Nat. Lyon, ix. 

p. 326 (1846); id. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 319. 
Poiytmus candidus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108; id. Hand-l. B. i. p. 128. 
Thaumatias candidus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78 ; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 
p. 255; Scl P. Z. S. 1858, p. 358, 1859, p. 380; ScL 4* Salv. Ibis, 
1859, p. 130; Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 467, 1860, pp. 197,270, 1873, 
p. 320j Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 292 (May I860); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 151 ; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 206 ; Later. Bull. U.S. Nat. 
Mus. no. 4, p. 33; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 43. 
Agyrtria magaritacea, Reich. Troch. Ennm. p. 7, pL 758. f. 4748. 
Agyrtria Candida, Cab. $* Heine, Miis. Hein. iii. p. 33; Heine, 

J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 183; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 203. 
Leucolia 
Candida, Muls. #• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Muh. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 233, pi. 21, iv. p. 174 ; id. Ann. tioe. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 204; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caeyi, i. p. 364. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, more bronzy 
on the crown and upper tail-coverts; under surface, including under 
tail-coverts, white; sides of the neck and flanks shining golden 
green; tail shining olive-green, the lateral rectrices with a bronzy 
purple subterminal band: maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, 
the tip black. Total length about 3*6 inches, wing 2, tail 1*2, 
bill 0-75. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the tips of the outer 
rectrices paler. 
Hob. Southern Mexico and Central America, from Guatemala to 
Nicaragua. 

a. Ad. sk. Misantla, Vera Cruz, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Feb. (F. D. G.). 
b. c? ad. sk. Xochiapa, Vera Cruz, Jan. (M. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Trvjillo). 
c-e.S 
ad.;/. ? Chimalapa,Tehuantepec, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (W. B. Richardson). 

g. 
$ ad. sk. Temax, Yucatan, Oct. (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gaumer). 
h. 
S ad. sk. Belize, British Honduras Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Blancaneaux). 
i. Ad. sk. Corosal, Brit. Hond. (Roe). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j. 
$ ad. sk. Southern pine-ridge, Brit. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Hond., Jan. (Blancaneattx). 
h-m. 
S ad. sk. Cayo, Western District, Brit. Salvin-Godman Coll 
Hond., March (Blancaneaux). 

51 . AGYRTRIA. 191 
n-q. tf ad.; r. $ Coban, Guatemala, Nov. Salvin-Godinan, 
ad. sk. (0. Salviri). Sclater, & GoColls. 
uld 
5. cJ ad. sir. Choctimi, Guatemala, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t, u. <$ ad. sk.
v. (S ad. sk.
w-z. S ad. sk.
(0. S.$FD. G.). 
Guatemala (Skinne?*). 
Guatemala. 
Guatemala ? (Delattre). 
Gould Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
a\ S ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua, Feb.
(Belt). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

18. Agyrtria tephrocephala. 
Trochilus tephroeephalus, Vieill. N. Diet d'Hist. N. xxiii. p. 403; 
id. Enc. MM. p. 560; Less. Lnd. GSn. Troch. p. xxvi. 
Ornismya tephroeephalus, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxii. 
182, pi. 62. 
Ornismya albiventris, Less. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. pp. xxxiv, 

209, pi. 76 j d'Orb. $ Lafr. Sijn. Av. ii. p. 30. 
Trochilus albiventris, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxvi. 
Troehilus vulgaris, Wied. Beitr. iv. p. 72. 
Thaumatias albiventris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 255 j Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 301 (Sept. 1856); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 153; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 138; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-
Mouches, i. p. 244, iv. p. 176 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205. 
Coeligena y. Coeligena tephrocephala, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Agyrtria thaumatias, Reich. Aufz. d. Col, p. 10; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 7, pi. 756. ff. 4738-9. 
Agyrtria albiventris, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 7, pi. 757.ff. 4744-5; 
Cab. 8f Heine, Mies. Hein. iii. p. 32; Sot. Cat Am. B. p. 313; 
Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 183; Burm. J. f. Orn. 1865, p. 229; 
Felz. Orn. Bras. p. 28. 

Coeligena tephrocephala, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 3, pi. 687. f. 4518. 
Leucochloris albiventris, Muls. Sf Verr. Class. Troch. p. 32. 
Thaumatias tephrocephalus. Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 48; Eudes-Desl. 

Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 381. 
Thaumasius albiventris, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 630. 
Agyrtria tephrocephala, Elliot, St/n. Troch. p. 206; Salv. Cat Strickl. 

Coll. p. 368; Allen, Bull Am. Mus. Nat Hist. ii. p. 260. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining dark grass-green, duller on 
the crown and upper tail-coverts; under surface glittering grass-
green, duller on the flanks; middle of the abdomen and under tail-
coverts pure white; tail steel-blue, middle rectrices greener with 
dark tips, lateral faintly tipped with grey: maxilla brownish black; 
mandible flesh-colour, tip black. Total length about 4*3 inches, 
wing 2-4, tail 1*5, bill 1. 

Female. Similar to the male, but with the tips of the lateral 
rectrices paler. 
Hob. Brazil. 

a-c. <$ ad.; d, e. Rio Brazil. Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
/ . Ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

g. Ad. sk. " Demerara." Gould Coll. 
192 
TEOCHILT. 

19. Agyrtria nitidicauda. 
Thaumatias nitidieauda, Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 48; Muls. Hist Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 176; Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen^ i. p. ,389. 
Agyrtria nitidieauda, Elliot3 Syn. Troth, p. 208 ; Sharpe in Goulds 
Mori. Track. Suppl. (Mar. 1885). 

Upper part bright bronze-green, with a slight coppery tinge on 
the head ; chin white ; throat, breast, and sides of the neck bright 
metallic grass-green ; flanks and abdomen dull green; middle of 
abdomen, vent, and under tail-coverts pure white; median rectrices 
bronze-green ; lateral purplish black, the edges of the outer 
webs and tips bronze-green; wings purplish brown; bill fleshcolour 
(perhaps red in life) with a dark tip. Total length 3*5 inches, 
wing 3-12, tail 1*5, bill (culmen) 0-75." (Elliot, I s. c.) 


I do not recognize any specimens answering to this description in 
the Museum Collection. The pure white under tail-coverts indicate 
its relationship to A. teplirocephala. 


Hab. Guiana. 

20. Agyrtria nigricauda. 
Thaumatias nigricauda, 
Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 47; Eudes-Desl. Ann. 
Mus. Caen{ i. p. 388. 
Agyrtria nigricauda, Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 208; Sharpe in Gould's 
Mon. Troch. Suppl. (Mar. 1885.) 

Adult male. Very similar to that of A. tephrocepliala, but 
decidedly smaller, and with the median rectrices darker above. As 
in A. tephrocephala, the middle of the abdomen and under tail-
coverts are pure white. Total length about 3*4 inches, wing 2, 
tail 1-15, bill 0*72. 

Mr. Elliot also gives as the habitat of this bird, Trinidad and 
Guiana. I have not seen skins from either place. 

Hab. Brazil. 

a-j. Ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

21. Agyrtria compsa. 
Agyrtria mellisuga, Cab. 4* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 34; Pelz* Orn. 
Bras. pp. 29, 37. 
Agyrtria compsa, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 185; Elliot, St/n. Troeh. 

p. 204. 
Thaumatias compsa, Muh. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 256; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205; Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 45; 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 376. 

" Similis A. Irevirostri sed paulo minor, rostro longiore. Supra 
splendide aureo-viridis ; subtns alba maculis nitidis aureo-viridibus 
varia, pectoris epigastriique lateribus unicoloribus, smaragdino


52 . AKINIA. 
103 
viridibus, abdomine medio unicoloro albo, tectricibus caudse iut'erioribus 
nitide^smaragdineis; remigibus fuscis; rectricibus nigrochalybeo-
cyaneis ; maxilla fusco-, mandibula brunnescenti-cornea ; 
pedibus fuscis. Long, tota 3" 3'", al. 1" 10'", caud. 1" 11'", rostr. 
culm. 7|"'V (Heine, I. s. c.) 

I do not know this species, which seems to be distinguished by 
its small size and green under tail-coverts. 
Rah. Guiana. 

22. Agyrtria taczanowskii. 
Thatimasius taczanowskii, Scl. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 140; Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 239,1880, p. 208; id. Orn. Per, i. p. 405 : Sharpe in Gould's 
Man. Troch. Suppl. pi. 52 (Mar. 1885). 

Leucolia taczanowskii; Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 359. 

Adult male. Upper surface bronzy green; crown dark coppery 
brown; under surface pale grey, the feathers of the throat each 
with a pale green dlscal spot; flanks faintly tinged with green; 
tail pale olive-green, tinged with bronze towards the end, but 
without definite subterminal band; bill black. Total length about 
4-6 inches, wing 2*65, tail 1*5, bill 1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. 
Hob. Peru. 
a. (J ad.; h. J Callacate, Peru (Stokmann). Sclater Coll. 
ad. sk.
c. c? ad. sk. Callacate (Stolzmann). 
(Types of species.) 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

52. 
ARINIA. 
Type. 
Arinia, Muls. u Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1877, Oct. 12 " * A. boucardi. 
Range, Costa Eica. 

1. Arinia boucardi, 
Arinia boucardi, Muls. I. s. c.; Elliot, 8yn. Ti*oclh. p. 209; Sharpe in 
Gould's Mon. Troch. Suppl. (April 1885). 
Arena boucardi, Muls. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 194, pi. 121; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 484. 
Sapphironia boucardi, Bom. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 71. 

" Male, Upper surface and flanks bronzy green, darkest on the 
head. Throat and breast shining bluish green. Abdomen and 
under tail-coverts pure white. Median pair of rectrices dark bronze-
green, next bronze-green with black tip, remaining lateral feathers 
bronze-green at the base, rest black, the bronze-green decreasing in 
extent as it goes towards the external feather. All the lateral 
feathers edged with white at their tips. Maxilla black, mandible 
flesh-colour, tip black. Peet black. Total length 3| | inches, 
wing 2, tail 1T^-, culmen fj-. 

* Thus quoted in 'The Ibis' and 'Zool. Eec.' (1878) from a separate copy of 
the paper, but not published in the work alluded to. 
VOL. XVI. O 

194 
TROOHILl. 

" Female. Differs in having the middle of the throat and underpays 
pure white. Median rectrices bronzy green, lateral feathers 
green at the base, then black and tipped with grey. Best like the 
male." {Elliot, I. c.) 

Hab. Costa Eica. 

Only known from specimens obtained near Punta Arenas in 

Costa Eica by lions. Boucard. 

53. CYANOMYIA. 
Cyanoinyia, JBp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254. 

Agyrtna ft. Uranomitra, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10 (1854). 

Uranoniitra, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein, iii, p. 41. 

Range. Southern Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and the Andes 
of Colombia and Peru. 

Bonaparte's name Cyanomyia was for many years used for this 
genus, though of a few months7 later date than Reichenb.ch s 
subgeneric or sectional name TJranoniiim. Both are equally uncharacterized, 
and if either have claims to be adopted, the genus 
rather than the subgenus should have the preference. Cabanis and 
Heine raised Eeichenbach's title to generic rank, and it has been 
adopted, wrongly I think, by Elliot and subsequent writers. 

Key to Hie Species. 

a. Maxilla, except the apex, flesh-coloured ; flaakb 
nearly pure white. 
a'. Tail shining olive-green; crown glittering blue 
or puiple-blue .'.... veftiealib, p. 104. 
b\ Tail shining bronzy reddish; crown glittering 
purple-blue violiceph, p. lOo. 
c\ 
Tail shining golden green; crown didl dark 
bluish green .... . viridifron^ p. 100. 

b. Maxilla black; flanks shining green. 
d'. Under tail-coverts bronzy red {Elliot) .. microrliyncha, p. 107. 
e'. Under tail-coverts grey, with white edges. 
ar/. Tail pale olive-green 
cyanocephala, p. 107. 

V. Tail darker bronzy green gmUmalensis, p. 198. 
f\ Under tail-coverts white. 
c". Nape and sides of the neck glittering green, francke, p. 100. 
d". Nape and sides of the neck sinning 


greenish blue 
cyaneicollis, p. 100. 

1. Cyanomyia vertically. 
Trochilus quadricolor, Vieill. Erie, Mith p. 573 {nee 555 !) ¥t 

Polytmus quadricolor, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 133. 

Trochilus verticalis, LwhtPreis-Verz. Ilex. Yog, p. 1 (cf. J. /. Orn. 

1863, p. 55). 

Ornisnrya cyanocephala, Less. SuppL Ois.-Mouches, p. 132, pi. 17. 

Agyrtria /S. Uranomitra quadricolor, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10; id. 

Troch, Emm. p. 7, pL 761. if. 4758-9. 

53 . CYiNOMYH. 
195 
Agyrtria j3. Uranomitra cvancepkala, Reich Troch. Enum. p. 7, 

pi. 760. if. 4754-5. 

Cyanoniyia verticalis, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 254. 

Cvanomyia quadricolor, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254; Gould, Mon. 

"Troch. v. pi. 284 (May 1855) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 147; Scl P.Z. S. 

1859, p. 386; A. Dwjes, La Nat i. p 141; Vittada, La Nat. ii. 

p. 862; de Oca, La Nat iii. p. 209; Scl Cat Am. B. p. 311; 
Lawr. Mejn. Bost Sac. N. IT. ii. p. 292 ; Elliot, 1Mb, 1876, p. 312; 
Mitb. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 169; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 204 ; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 340. 
Uranomitra quadricolor, 
Cab. $ Heine, MILS. Hein. iii. p 41; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 196; Berl. Pr. US. Nat Mus. xi. p. 561. 
Leucolia quadricolor, Muls. <§* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Muls. Hist 
Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 215. 
Uranomitra ellioti, Berl. Pr. U.S. Nat Mus. xi. p. 562. 

Adult male. Upper surface brownish olive with a greenish tinge, 
greener on the back of the neck, crown and sides of the neck glittering 
blue, the latter paler; under surface, including the under 
tail-coverts, pure white; the flanks under the wings tinged 
with greyish brown; tail shining olive-green, the lateral feathers 
very narrowly tipped with white ; bill flesh-colour, the tip black. 
Total length about 4 inches, wing 2-2, tail 1-25, bill 1-05. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the crown less brilliant. 


This species has long been known as Gijanomyia or Uranomitra 
quadricolor (YieilL), a name which cannot be retained for it. In 
the first place Vieillot called two distinct species Trochilus quadricolor. 
The older of these (X. Diet. d'Hist. N, vii. p. 353,1817) 
applies to a Lamjpomis; the other (Enc. Meth. p. 573, 1828) to 
a bird said to have come from Trinidad, the description suiting 
Cyanomyia fraucice much better than the present species. Anyhow, 
the previous use of the name T. quadricolor precludes its being 
employed for any species of Cyanomyia. 

1 therefore retain for this species Lichtenstein's title T. verticalis, 
which is, according to Cabanis and Heine, applicable to 
C\ quadricolor of recent authors. I may, however, remark that I 
suspect that Deppe's specimens may prove to belong to the same 
form as Gould's C. violiceps, and in that case C. verticalis should 
supersede G. violiceps, and the present bird must bo called C. ellioti. 

Hob. Sierras of Durango and Jalisco to the Pacific coast of 
Mexico* 

a-f Ad. sk. Mexico (Floresi). Salvin-Godman <fe 
J Gould Colls. 

y. 
$ ad. sk. Mazatlan, Mexico, Dec. (A. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Forrer). 
h. (S ad. sk. San Bias, Mexico, March (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. Richardson), 
i 
J ad. sk. Zapotlan, Jalisco, Mexico,Pec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.R.). 

o2 

196 
TROCHILI. 

j . Juv. sk. Lake Chapala, Mexico, Atxg. Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
(W.B.B.). 

e S ad. sk. Sierra de Bolafios, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

k-w. <$ ad.; x-d'. Bolanos, Mexico. Feb., Mar., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f 
tfad.sk. April (W. B. P.). 

March (W. B. JR.). 
f* $ ad. sk. Calvillo, Aguas Calientes, Salvin-Goclnian Cull. 
Mexico, Aug. (W. B. P.). 

2. Cyanomyia violiceps. 
Cyanomyia violiceps, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 285 (Sept. 18t>0) : id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 147; Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 386; de Oca, La Nat. 

iii. p. 208; Later. Bull U.S. Nat Mas. no. 4, p. 32; Elliot, Ibis, 
1876, p. 313; Mids. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 170; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 204; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. 
p. 341. 
Uranomitra violiceps, Cab. fy Heine, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 41: Elliot, 
Syn. Troch p. 196. 
Leucolia violiceps, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 213. 
Polytmus violiceps, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 133. 

Adult male. Similar to that of 0. verticalis, but the crown usually 
of a deeper purple tint and the tail a shining bronzy-reddish hue. 
Young birds have a dark crown without blue lustrous feathers, 
and a slight tinge of buff on the sides of the neck and the flanks. 

This bird is very closely allied to O. verticalis, but may be distinguished 
by the reddish-bronze colour of the tail; the sides, too, 
of the neck appear to be rather greener than in that bird. 

Hal. Western Mexico, from the Sierra Madre del Sur to the 
State of Oaxaca. 

a, b. $ ad.; c. Ad. Ohilpancingo, Guerrero, Mex- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. ico, Aug. (Mrs. H. H. 
Smith). 

d. Ad. sk. Venta de Zopilote, Guerrero, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mexico, Oct. (Mrs. H. H. 
Smith). 
e. Ad. sk. Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. H. H. S?nith). 
f. 
c? ad.; g. Juv. Oaxaca, Mexico (SalU). Gould Coll. (Types 
sk. of the species.) 
li. Ad. sk. Atlixco, Mexico (SalU). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i-k. <$ ad. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (Boucard). Gould Coll. 
I. Ad. sk. Mexico (Boucard). Sclater Coll. 
MI. Ad. sk. Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
3. Cyanomyia viridifrons. 
Cyanomyia viridifrons, Elliot, Bis, 1876, p. 314; de Oca, La Nat 
iii. p. 304. 
"Uranomitra viridifrons, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 107; Sharpe in GouhVs 
Mon. Troch. Suppl pi. 49 (April 1885); Berl Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. 

xi. p. 502. 
53 . CYVTSTOMYTV. 
197 

Adult male. Similar to that of Q. vertkalis in general coloration 
but the tail is coloured like that of G. violiceps. The crown is not 
glittering purple-blue as in these allied forms, but dark greenish on 
the vertex, shading into very dark greenish indigo on the forehead. 
The flanks under the wings are shining green. 

Apparently a distinct form, having a similar range to 0. violiceps. 

Hal. Western Mexico, from the Sierra Madre del Sur to the 
State of Oaxaca. 

a. Ad. sk. Putla, W. Mexico (Uebouch). Gould Coll. (Atypical 
specimen.) 
b. Juy. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (Fenochio). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. tf ad. sk. Bmcon, Guerrero, Mexico, Oct. Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 
e. S ad. sk. Acaguizotla, Guerrero, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
J, 

(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 
f, y. $ ad. sk. Tierra Colorada, Guerrero, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 

h. 
(S ad. sk. Tehuantepec, Mexico, Feb. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. 
Mchardson). 
i. 
$ ad. sk. Tonala, Chiapas, Mexico, June Salvin-Godman Coll, 
(W. B. Richardson). 
4. Cyaiiomyia microrhynelia. 
Cyanomyia 
microrhyncha, Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 316; Mills. Hist. 
"Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 172, pi. 119; Eudes-Desl Arm. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 845. 
Uranomitra microrhyncha, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 197; Sliarpe in 
Gould's Mon. Troch. Sttppl (April 1885). 

"Adult. Top of head and occiput dark metallic blue. Hind 

neck and mantle shining metallic green; rest of upper parts bronzy 

red. Throat, upper part of breast, and centre of abdomen white, 

with a few metallic green feathers scattered among the white ones, 

Planks and under tail-coverts metallic bronzy red. "Wings deep 

brown, slightly shaded with purple. Tail brilliant metallic bronze. 

Total length 3| inches, wing 2|, tail 1§, culmen |, " (Elliot, I. s. c.) 

Hah. "Honduras?" 

Mr. Elliot's type is all that is known of this bird. 

5. Cyanomyia cyanocephala. 
Ornismya 
cyanocephalus, Less. Hist Nat, Ois.-Mouches, p. xlv, 
Suppl. p. 134, pi. 18. 
Trochilus cyanocephalus, Less. Ind. Gin. Troch. p. xxii (partim). 
Agyrtria 0. Uranomitra faustina, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 7, pi. 760, 
£ 4756-7. 

Cyanomyia cyanocephala, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 254; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. v. pi. 286 (May 1856); id. Intr. Troch. p. 147; Sd. P. Z. S. 
1859, p. 367; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 159: Lawr. Bull U.S. Nat 

198 
TBOCHILI. 

Mus. no. --, p. 32; Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 314: Muls. Hist Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 170 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 204: 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 342: Salv. Cat. StrickL Coll 

p. 368. 
Agyrtria /3. Uranomitra eyanocephala, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10. 
Uranomitra lessoni, Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 41. 
Leucolia eyanocephala, Mids. § Terr. Class. Trocli. p. 31; Mid a. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 219. 
Polytmus eyanocephalus, Gray, Hand-l R. i. p. 133. 
Uranomitra eyanocephala, Elliot, Syn. Trocli. p. 197 ; Ferrari-Perez. 

Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 158. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, crown glittering 
blue, sides of the neck glittering green; under surface white; 
flanks shining bronzy green, leaving a narrow white median ventral 
line; under tail-coverts olive, edged with white; maxilla black: 
mandible, except the tip, flesh-colour. Total length about 4 inches, 
wing 2-3, tail 1-35, bill 0-9. 
Adult female. Like the male, but the crown rather greener duller 
blue. 
Hal. Eastern Mexico, chiefly the States of Tera Cruz and the 
eastern side of the mountains of Oaxaca. 

a. 2 ad. sk. Mexico (Floresi). Gould Coll. 
b. <$ ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (de Oca). Gould Coll. 
c. (J ad.; d-f. J Jalapa, Jan. to March (F. I). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.; g-i. Ad. sk. Godman), 
j. (S ad. sk. Jalapa, May (M. Tmjillo). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h, I S ad.; m} n. Coatepec (Jalapa), May, Aug., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Oct. (F. Ferrari-Perez), 
o, p. S ad.; q. $ Coatepec, Oct., Nov. (31. Tru- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. jillo). 

r. Ad. sk. Orizaba, Mexico, Dec. (F. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
D. (?.). 
s. S ad. sk. Cordova, Mexico (Salle). Gould ColL 
t, u. c? acl. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (SalU). Gould Coll. 
v-z. cJ ad.; a'. $ Oliimalapa, Tehuantepec, Mex- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
acl. sk. ico, March, April (W. B. 
Richardson). 


6. Oyanomyia guatemalensis. 
Oyanomyia 
cvanocephala, Scl # Salv. Ibis, 1859. p. 127; Salr. Ibis, 
1860, pp. 39, 195, 261, 204, 209; G. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1&C0, p. 114. 
Oyanomyia guatemalensis, Gould, Inir.Troch.ri. 148; Scl. Cat. Am. 

R. p. 312; Salv. Ibis, 1860, p.'204; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 
xxii. p. 31: Later. Pr. Post. Soc. N. H. xiv. p. 284; Eudes-JJesl 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 344. 
Uranomitra guatemalensis, Heine, J. f. Orn. 1803. p. 195: Rerl Pr. 

U.S. Nat Mtw, xi. p. 562. 
Polytmus guatemalensis, Gray, Hand-l R. i. p. 133. 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of G.cyanocepJiala^hnh with the 
tail-feathers of a bronzy green rather than olive-green. 

A form closely allied to the Mexican G. eyanocephala, but with 
its distinctive characters localized and recognizable. 

53 . CT\NOMYIV. 
199 

Ilah, British Honduras, Guatemalan Highlands. 

a, h. <$ ad.; c-e. Southern Pine-ridge, Western Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2 ad, sk. District, Brit. Honduras, 
Jan., Apr, (F.Blancaneaux). 
/. S ad. sk. Pine-ridge of Poctun, GuateSalvin-
Godmau Coll, 
mala, March (0. &). 
g, h. (S ad. sk. Cohan, Guatemala, Nov. (0.8.). Salvin-Godrnan <S$ 
Sclater Colls, 

i. rf ad. sk. Vera Paz (Hague), Salvin-Godman Coll, 
/. J ad. sk. Mountains of Chilasco, GuateSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
mala, Jan. (0. 8. $ F.D. G.). 
h, I. cj ad.; m. J Duenas, Guatemala, Feb., July Gould Coll. (Types 
ad. sk. 
(O.8.). of the species.) 
Duenas (0. 8.). Salvin-Godman Coll, 

o. c? tld. sk. Duenas (0. 8. f F E. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. 
Ad.; </. Juv. Guatemala (Skinner). Gould Coll. 
sk. 
7. Cyanomyia francise. 
Trochilus trancise, Bouro. & Muls. Ann, 8c. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, ix, 
p. 324 (1846). * ^ ' 
Polytmus francise, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 109; id. Hand-l. B. i. p. 138. 
Agyrtria [3. Uranomitra rrancias, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. 
Enmn. p. 7, pi. 761. rZ 4760-1. 
Cyanomyia francise, Bp. Bev. Zool 1854, p. 254; Goidd, Mon. Troch. 
\. pi. 287 (Sept. 1860); id. Intr. Troch. p. 149; Scl. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 312; Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 316; Muls. Ann. 8oc. Linn. It/on, 
xxii. p. 204; Sol. § Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 530; Eudes-Desl Ann. 
Mus. Caen, i. p. 346. 
Uranomitra franciae, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 41; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch p. 197; Berl J.f Orn. 1887, p. 331. 
Leucolia 
franciae, Muls. q Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 217. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming more 
bronzy on the lower back and upper tail-coverts ; crown glittering 
blue; hind neck and sides glittering green; under surface, including 
the under tail-coverts, pure white; flanks green; tail olive-green : 
maxilla black; mandible, except the tip, flesh-colour. Total length 
about 4 inches, wing 2*2, tail 1*45, bill 0*95. 

Female. {Similar to the male, the crown being less brilliant. 

Hah. Colombia, 
a. J ad. sk. Antioqtria, Colombia (T. K. Sclater Coll. 
b-h.
5 
$ ad.; 
ad.sk. 
Salmon). 
Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

8. Cyanomyia cyaneicollis. 
Trochilus ( ?) cyaneicollis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1853, p. 61. 
Agyrtria /3. Uranomitra cyaneicollis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10. 
Cyanomyia cyaneicollis, Bp. Bev. Zool 1854, p. 254 ^ Gould, Mon. 

Troch. v. pi. 288 (Sept. 1860); id. Intr. Troch. p. 149; Elliot, 

200 XROCHILI. 

Ibis, 1876, p. 316; Mnls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-MoucJies, iv. p. 173: id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 204; JSudes-DesL Ann. Mm. Caen, 

i. p. 348 j Tacz. P. Z. & 1882, p. 39. 
Uranomitra cyaneicollis, Cab. 8? Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 41; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 198; Sol $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 208. 
Leucolia cyaneicollis, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch p. 31; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouc7ies, i. p. 212. 
Leucolia pelzelni, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 239. 

Adult male. Similar to C. franeice; but the crown less brilliant, 
the nape and sides of the neck also less bright and greenish blue 
instead of glittering green; the back and tail more uniform duller 
green, the bill shorter, &c. 

The female or young bird has bluish-green crown, the feathers 

edged with rufous. 
Hah. Peru. 
a, b. S ad. sk. ¥em (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 
c, d. cJ; e,f $. Callacate, Peru, May Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk (J. Stokmann). " Sclater Colls. 

54. LEUCIPPUS. Type. 
Leucippus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 73 (1849) L. chionogaster. 
Leucippus (Talaphorus), Mtds. Hist. Nat. Ok.~ 

Mouehes, i. p. 257 (1874) L. chlorocercux. 

Range. Andes of Peru and Bolivia, Upper Amazons valley and 
North-western Argentina. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tail with white or grey at the base. 
a'. Inner web of lateral rectrices white at the , , -, #1AA 
base; throat pure white. A ^f^ter^. 200. 

V. Lateral rectrices grey at the base, throat \Pmmt*9 P- -U1* 
indistinctly spotted." eldorocercus, p. 20J. 
b. Tail uniform viridieauda, p. 202, 
1. Lencipptis chionogaster. 
Trochilus (Lampornis) leucogaster, Tsch. in Wiegm. Arch. f. Naturg. 

1844, i. p. 297 (nee T. leucogaster, Gm,). 
Trochilus chionogaster, Tsch. Faun. Per. p. 247, pi. 22. f. 2 (1844). 
Trochilus ( ?) hypoleucus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 90. 
Trochilus turneri, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 313. 
Leucippus turneri, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11: id, Troch Emm. p. 8, 

pi. 779. f. 4811. 
Thaumantias chionogaster, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 255. 
Leucippus nigrirostris, Reich Troch Enum. p. 8, pi. 779. f. 4812? 
Leucippus chionogaster, Reich Troch Enum. p. 8, pi. 780. r?. 

4813-5; Gould, Mon. Troch v, pi. 290 (May 1855); id. Intr. 
Troch p. 150; Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 31; Scl Cat. Am, 

54. Lnrcippus. 
201 

B. p. 812; 8cl. £ tf«fo. P. Z. A 1S79, p. 630; Tact. P. Z. S.1874, 
p. 542,1882, p. 39 j «?. Orw. Per. i. p. 400; ilfwfc. Hist. Mat. Ow.Mouc7ie8, 
i. p. 259, iv. p. 178; ^ .4MM. #OC. Zmw. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 205; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 199; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, 
I p. 350; JE. W. White, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 616; 8cl $ Muds. Arg. 
Om. ii. p. 7. 
Leucolia chionogaster, Mute, fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 31. 
Polytnius chionogaster, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 129. 
Leucippus lencogaster, Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 8. 


Adult male. Upper surface bronzy green, duller on the crown ; 
under surface white, the feathers of the sides of the neck and the 
flanks and the proximal under tail-coverts with green discal spots; 
inner webs and shafts of the lateral rectrices towards the base 
white, and a narrow white terminal edge; maxilla black; mandible 
flesh-colour, with the tip black. Total length about 4 inches, 
wing 2-2D, tail 1-25, bill 1. 

Female. Similar to the male. 

Hah. Peru and Bolivia. 

a, h. S ad. sk. Chuquisaca, Bolivia. Gould Coll. 
c, d, $ ad. sk. Bolivia. Gould Coll. 
(Types of T. hypoleuous.) 

e. $ 
ad.; f. $ Irupana, Bolivia (Buckley). ' Salvin-GodmanColl, 
ad. sk. 
g, k 
S ad.; i. $ Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

i. 
<S ad. sk. Fuerte de Andalgada, Cata- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
marca, October (E. W. Wliiie), 
7c. $ ad. sk. Andalgada, Catamarca, Oct. Sclater Coll, 

(E. W. W.). 
2. Leucippus pallidas. 
Leucippus pallidus, Tac%. P. Z. S. 1874, £. 542; id. Orn. PSr. i. 
p. 402 ; Muls. Ann. 80c. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 205. 
" L. eapite supra fusco griseo plumis viridi terminatis et subgriseo 
marginatis; corpore supra pallide viridi, nitore aureo minimo; 
subtus serieeo albus, lateribus colli viridi maculatis; lateribus pectoris 
et hypochondriis maculis magnis pallide viridibus; cauda 
truncata, rectricibus mediis glauco viridibus, reliquis pogonio interno 
latissime albo." (TaczanoivsM, I. s. e.) 

HaK Peru, Huanta. 

Mr. Elliot (Ibis, 1876, p. 9) considered L. pallidus to be simply 
a synonym of L. chionogaster; but Taczanowski (Orn. Per.) has 
reasserted his opinion to the contrary. Without authentic specimens 
before me, I am unable to satisfy myself either way. 

3. Iieucippus cMorocercus. 
Leucippus cMorocercus, Gould, P Z. 8. 1866, p. 194; 8cl $ 8alv. 
P. Z. 8,1867, p. 979,1873, p. 288; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouchess 
202 
TEOCHILE. 

i. p. 257, iv. p. 178 j id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon. xsii. p. 205; Elliot, 
JSyn. Troeh. p. 199; Endes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen. i. p. 352; Tacz. 
Orn. Fir. i. p. 899; JSharpe in Gould's Hon. Troclu Suppl (Mar. 
1887). 
Polytmns chlorocercus, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 129. 


Adult male. Similar to that of L. cliionog aster, but with shorter 
bill, the inaudible of which is black to the base; the under surface 
is of a less pure white, and all the feathers of the throat have a pale 
greenish-brown discal spot; the central reetrices are brighter and 
the lateral ones are grey with an indistinct subterminal greenish 
band. 

Bab. Upper Amazons Valley. 

a, b. J ad. sk. Upper Ucayali, Amazons (E. Gould Coll. 
Bartlett)." (Type.- of species.) 


e. $ ad. sk. Upper Ucayali, June. E. Bartktt TV. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Nauta, Amazons. April. E. Bartlett C.\ 
e. S ad. sk. Nauta, May {E. Bartlett). Salvin-Grdman Coll. 
f-h. 
<$ ad.; i-1. Pebas, June, July (J. ELavx- Salvin-GodmanColI. 
5 ad. sk. well), 

m. 2 ad.sk. Eh ira, Amazons (J.Hauzicell). Salvin-Gednian Cull. 
n. 
<$ ad. sk. Yquitus, Amazons, Sept. (II. Gould Coll. 
Wiitely). 
4. Leucippus viridicauda. 
Leucippus ehionogaster, Scl. § Sah\ P. Z. S. 1870, p. 17 r 
Leucippus yiridicauda, Berl. Ibi% 1883, p. 493; id. in Tacz. Onu 
Per. i. p. 399; 8harp>e in Gould's Mon. Troeh. Supph (Mar. 18&7|. 

a L. supra aureo-viridis, subtus serieeo albns, guise et colli later!bus 
maculis parvis, la tenons pectoris hypodiondrliscjue aureo 
viridibus; subeaudalibus albis, minoribus macula central! viridi 
aurea ; rectricibns acuminatis glauco viridibus iinieoloribus." (BerhpscJi, 
in Orn. Per.) 

This bird appears to differ from its congeners by the uniform 
coloration of its tail. Count Berlepsch's specimen was obtained by 
"Whitely at Huiro in Peru, and others from the same source were 
doubtless referred to L. ehionogaster by Sclater and Salvin in their 
list of Whitely's birds from that locality. One of these specimens, 
through Mr. "Whitely's kindness, I have now before me, and it agrees 
with Count Berlepsch's description. The Peruvian skin sent to 
Gould by "Warszewiez I believe to be the female of this species. It 
is a discoloured specimen. The tail is pale at the base, the lateral 
reetrices have whitish tips and a wide indefinite subterminal dark 
band. 

Hat. Peru, Huiro. 

a. S ad. sk. Huiro, Peru, June 12,1874 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. Whitely). 
b. $ ad. sk. Peru (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. 
55 . A.MAZILTA. 
203 
m. 
AMAZILXA. 
Type. 
Trocliilus (Arnazilis), Less. 
Ind. Gin. Troch. 

p. xxvii (1882) A. pristina. 
Aruazilia, Reich. Av. Syst pi. 39 (1840) ? 
Amazilius, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77 A. pristina. 
Pyrrhopheena, Cab. |-Heine, Mns. Rein. iii. p. 35. A. pristina. 
Hemithylaca, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 37. A. niveiventris. 
Hexnistilbon, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 149 A. ocai. 
Eranna, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 187 A. cinnamomea. 
Eratina, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 190 A. ioclura. 
Ariana, Mnls. fy Terr. Class. Troch. p. 3G A. niveiventris. 
Myletes, Muh. Hist. Nat. 0is.-3fouches, i. p. 284. A. yucatanensis. 
Saucerottia, Bp. Compt. Rend. xxx. p. 381 (1850). A. erythronota. 
Erythronota, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. (1860) A. erythronota. 
Eratopis, Heine, J. f Orn. 1863, p. 191 A. elegans. 
Erasuria, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 191 A. warszewiszi. 
Ariana (Lisoria), Muh. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 
xxii. p. 207 A. warszewiezi. 
Leucodora, Muls. Ann. Soc, Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 206 
A. edwardi. 
Range. Tropical America from the northern frontiers of Mexico to 
Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guiana, Trinidad, and Tobago. Also 
the Andes of Peru. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Middle of the breast more or less white. 
a'. Eump and upper tail-coverts chestnut. ^ 
a'!. Throat glittering emerald-green, white 
spot of the breast small pristina, p. 205. 
b". Throat glittering golden green, white 
spot of the breast large leucophcea, p. 205. 
b'. Rump and upper tail-coverts olive or 
golden green. 
c". Lateral rectrices chestnut in the middle, alticola, p. 206. 
d". Lateral rectrices olive-green ... . dumerili, p. 206. 

b. Entire under surface rufous. 
c\ Smaller; wing 2*25 cinnamomea, p. 207. 
d'. Larger; wing 2'6~> yraysoni, p. 209. 
c. Throat and breast glittering green. 
e''. Bases of the inner primaries and secondaries 
chestnut. 
e". Tail more or less chestnut, purple-
chestnut, or steel-blue. 
a'". Tail purple-chestnut; under tail-
coverts chestnut. 
a%. Lower abdomen greyish chestnut; 
chestnut bases of wings more 
extensive beryllina, p. 209. 

bL. Lower abdomen glittering green; 
chestnut bases of wings less extensive 
devillii, p. 211. 

204 TROCHILI. 

b'". Tail, abdomen, and under tail-
coverts rick chestnut, the first edged 
and tipped with bronze

<?'". Tail and under tail-coverts steel-blue,
/" . Tail shining bronzy olive-green or rich 
coppery bronze. 
d'". Tail olive-green; throat white 
spotted with greene"r. Tail rich coppery bronze; throat 
wholly glittering green

/ ' Bases of the inner primaries and secondaries 
like the rest of those feathers, 
purplish brown. 

g". Abdomen more or less chestnut; lores 
green. 

/"' . Eill flesh-colour, tip dark. 
c\ Abdomen and flanks chestnutcl%. Abdomen chestnut, flanks washed 

with greeng"\ Bill black; base of mandible fleshcolourh". 
Lower abdomen grey. 

h'". Lores rufous; tail chestnut; maxilla 
(except the tip) flesh-colourz1". Lores green; tail purple or bronzy 

chestnut; maxilla black. 
e%. Tail dark purple; under tail-coverts 
brown with chestnut edges ... .
/ *. Tail bronzy chestnut; under fail-
coverts chestnut ...»
i'\ Abdomen pure white. 
j "' . Tail rich reddish bronzek"\ Tail purplish steel-bluej". "Whole abdomen glittering green. 
I'", Crown green. 
gl. Tail steel-blue. 
a5. Rump green; upper tail-coverts 

steel-blue, 
aG. Tail lighter, brighter ..... .
¥. Tail darker.., ...

¥. Rump purple; upper tail-coverts 
steel-bluec5. Rump and upper tail-coverts 
rufous purple. 
eK Tail dark. 
a7. Larger; tail more forked..

h7 

. Smaller; tail more rounded,
dQ, Tail lighter, brighter ..... .
h\ Tail purplish bronze, long? more 
deeply forkedm!u. Crown dark blue . ,

 casianeiventris, p. 212. 
cyanura, p. 212, 

ocai, p. 213. 

sumklira&ti, p. 213. 

yucatanensi*, p. 214. 
cerviniventris, p. 214. 
laurench) p. 215. 

riefferi, p, 216, 

viridiventris, p. 219 *. 
cupreicmtda, p. 220. 
edwardi, p. 221. 

7iiveiventris> p. 221. 

warszewiezi, p. 222. 

 saucer offii^ p. 223. 

sophia^ p. 224. 

tobaci, p. 228. 

erythremia, p. 22o. 
felicim, p. 220. 

elegam, p. 227. 

cyanifrons, p. 227. 

* A. iodura (p. 219) and A. lueida (p. 220) belong near here, 
55. AmziLiA. 
205 
1. Amazilia pristina. 
Orthorhynchus amazili, Less, Vby. Coq. pi. 31. f. 3. 
Ornismya amazili. Less. S. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxvii, 67, pis. 12,13. 
Trocliilus (Amazilis) amazili, Less. Ind. Gen. Trock p. xxvii. 
TrocMlus (Lampornis) amazilia, Tsch. Faun. Per. p. 246. 
Polytinus amazili, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108; id. Hand-l, B. i. p. 131. 
Amazilius latirostris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77 (nee Sw.). 
Amazilia pristina, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 303 (May 1857); id. 


Intr. Troch. p. loo; Sol. Cat. Am. B. p. 313; id. P. Z.S. 1871, 

p. 498; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 543; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 406; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 217; Salv. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 425. 
Pyrrliophsena amazilia, Cah.fy Seine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 35 ; Seine. 

J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 186. 
Amazilia lessoni, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 35; Muls. Sist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 181: id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206, 
Amazilis amazili, Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 395. 

Upper surface shining greenish bronze, crown darker; rump and 
upper tail-coverts chestnut; throat emerald-green, each feather 
being white with a large green discal spot; middle of the chest and 
abdomen white, rest of the abdomen and flanks chestnut; under 
tail-coverts pale chestnut with whitish edges; tail chestnut, the 
central rectrices edged and tipped with bronzy green; bill flesh colour 
at the base, the tip black. Total length about 4*2 inches, 
wing 2*3, tail 1-45, bill 0*8. 

Sexes alike. 
Juv. Under surface wholly chestnut, the green feathers of the 
throat gradually assumed. 
Hal. "Western Peru. 

a-c. Ad.; d, e. Western Peru, probably from Gould Coll. 
Juv. sk. the vicinity of Lima. (Types of the species.) 

f. 
<$ ad. sk. Eimac Valley, N. Peru (A. S. Salvin-Godman Coll 
Marhham). 
g. Ad. sk. Western Peru. Salvin-Godman Oolh 
h. Ad. sk. Western Peru. Sclater Coll. 
2. Amazilia leucophaBa. 
Amazilia leucoph&a, Reich. Aufz, d. Col. pp. 10, 24; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. v. pi. 306 (Sept. 1859); id. Intr. Troch. p. 156; Muls. f 
Verr. Class. Troch. p. 35; Muls. Sist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, L 

p. 291; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1877, p. 337,1879, p. 239,1880, p. 208; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 407; 
Elliot, Syn. Trock p. 218. 
Amazilia amazilicula, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Trock Enum* 

p. 8, pi. 777. if. 4805-6. 
Pyrrhophaena leucophaea, Cab. $* Seine, Mus. Sein. iii. p. 35; Seine, 
J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 186. 
Amazilis leucophgea, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 399. 
Similar to A. pristina, but rather smaller; the white spot on the 
breast is larger, and the green feathers of the throat more restricted; 
these latter are also of a golden rather than an emerald-green. 

Hah. "Western Peru. 

206 TROCHILI. 
a, b. Ad. sk. Volcano of Arequipa, Peru Gould. Cull. 
(TFarszetoiez). 
c. <$ ad. sk. Pacasrnayo, Peru (Jelshi). Salvin-Godman Coll* 
d. $ ad. sk. Tumbez,"Peru (Jelshi). Sclater Coll. 

3, Amazilia alticola. 

Amazilia alticola, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 809 ; id. Mon. Trorh. v. 
pi. 304 (Sept. 1861); ul. Intr. Troch. p. 156; JIuls. & Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. 35; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Movche-, i. p. 2^9 : id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; EViot, Syn. Troch. p. 218. 

Pyrrhoplisena alticola, Ileine, J.f.O. a. 18C3, p. 1^7. 

Amazilis alticola, Eudes-Desl. Ann. MILS. Caen, i. p. 390. 

Adult. Upper surface shining greenish bronze, darker on the 
crown, more golden on the rump and upper tail-coverts; under 
surface white, the feathers of the chin and the sides of the throat 
with glittering golden-green diseal spots ; flanks chestnut; under 
tail-coverts pale chestnut edged with white ; tail chestnut, the 
central rectrices nearly wholly, the lateral edged and tipped with 
shining golden green ; bill flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length 
about 4 inches, wing 2*4, tail 1*4, bill 0*9. 

Sexes alike. 

Hab. Peru and Ecuador. 

a. Ad. bk. Puna district, Peru (Bourcier). I fould Coll. 
(Type of specie*.) 
b-e. Ad. sk. Loxa, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
/ . Ad.sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

g. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
4. Amazilia dumerili. 
Omi&mya dumerili, Less. Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 172, pi. 30. 
Trochilus dumerili, Less. hid. Gen. Troch. p. xxvii. 
Trochilu* norribi, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 47. 
Pulytmus noriisi, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108. 
Amazilius norrisi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77: id. Rei. ZooL Ib54, p. 254. 
Ainazilius dumerili, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77; id. Met. ZooL 1854, 


p. 254. 
Amazilia dumerili, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. Eauuu p. 8. 
pi. 777. ff. 4803-4; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi 305 (bept. 1859): 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 156; Sel. P. Z. S. I860, p. 253; id. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 314; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 237; Mute. $* Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. 35; Muls. Jlkt. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 287; id. Ann. 
JSoc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; Elliot7 Syn. Troch. p. 218; Berl. & 
Tacz. P. Z. S: 1883, p. 568,1885, p. 105. 
Amazilis dumerili, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 397. 
Amazilia norrisi, Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 30. 
Pyrrhophsena dumerili, Cab. $ Heine. Mus. Hein. iii. p. 313; Heine, 


J.f. 0?7i. 1868, p. 187. 
Ilemistilbon norrisi, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 150. 
Thaumatias norrisi, Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 44. 
Leucodora norrisi, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouelms, i. p. 309, i\. 
p. 183. 
5ft. AMAZIXIA. 
207 

Polytmus dunierili, Gray, Hand-L B. I p. 132. 

Agyrtria norrisi, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 204. 

Adult. Similar to A. alticola, but rather smaller; the upper 
surface of a shining olive- rather than a golden-green; the "tail is 
uniform olive-green, without any chestnut on any of the reotricos. 

Sexes alike. 

Juv. Outer rectriees tipped with buff. 

Gould represents the under tail-eoverts of this bird as pale 
chestnut, but in the specimens before me they are nearly all pure 
white. 

Hah. "Western Ecuador. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Pima I., Gulf 
of Guayaquil, Salvm-Godman Coll. 

Ecuador (Villayomez). 
Cjd. Ad.etjuv.sk. Guayaquil. ' Gould Coll. 
e,f. (S ad. sk. Babahoyo, Ecuador (Fraser). Gould Coll. 

y. Ad. sk. Babahoyo (Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
h. Juv. sk. ? 
Gould Coll. 
I 
Ad. sk. :- Gould Coll. 
(Type of A. amazilicula, Sauc. MS.) 

5. Amazilia cixmamomea. 
Oruismya cinnainomea. Less. Rev. Zool. 1842, p. 175. 
Ornismya rutiia, Delattre, Echo du Monde Savant, 1843, p. 1000. 
Trocliilus corallirostris, Bourc. $ Mais. Ann. So. Phys. et Nat Lyon. 


ix. p. 828(1840). 
Amazilius erythrorhynchus et hteinatorlrynclius, Bp. Corrupt. Bend. 
xxx. p. 382 (1850). 
Amazilius coraliirostris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77 ; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 
p. 2-54; Sol. P. Z. S. 1853, p. 353, 1859, p. 388. 
Amazilia coralliroatrh, Reich. Aitfz, d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. Enuni. 
p. 6, pi. 776.ff. 4800-1 ; Gould, Mon. Troeh. v. pi. 307 (May 1857); 
Sol. $ Salv. Ibis, 1850, p. 115; Taylor, Ibis, 1860, p. 115; Salv. 
JSw,1860,p.288. 
Pyrrhopkoena 
cinnaniomea, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 156; Salv. Ibisf 
"1866, p. 204; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 204; id. Mem. Bost. Soc 

N. H. ii. p. 292 ; id. Bull U. S. Nat. Mas. no. 4, p. 32. 
Amazilia cirtnamomea, Set Cat. Am. B. p. 314; Salv. Ibis, 1864, 
p. 380, 1870, p. 115; Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p 210 ; Mids. §• Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 35 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 284, iv. 
p. 180; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; Bouc. P. Z. S. 
1878, p. 71, 1883, p. 451; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 219 ; Ridqw. Pr. 
U.S. Nat. Mus. iv. p. 26; id. Man. N. Am. B. p. 318; Nutting, 
Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 386, 
Pyrrhophoena corallirostris, Cab. <§• Heine, Mus. JBCein, iii. p. 35. 
Polytmus cinuamomea, Gray, Iland-l. B. i. p. 132. 
Amazilis cinnamomea, Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 400. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, duller and 
darker on the crown; lores and entire under surface cinnamon 
on pale chestnut, paler on the chin ; tail chestnut, tipped and edged 
with dark bronze; bill flesh-colour (in life pale blood-red), tip 
black. Total length about 4*2 inches, wing 2-25, tail 1*3, bill 0-9. 

208 
TBOCHILr. 

Adult female like the male, but paler on the under surface. 
Hah. Mexico, G-aatemala, Costa Rica. 

a, b. tf ad.: c. 
2 ad. sk. 


d. $ ad.sk. 
e,f. d &&.;y,h 
$ ad. sk. 
ijj. <J ad. sk. 


h. <$ ad. sk. 
/. $ ad. sk. 
?n, § ad. sk. 
n. £ ad. sk. 
o. (S ad. sk. 
p. J ad. sk. 
q-s. d ad.sk. 
t, u. S ad. sk. 
t\ c? ad. sk. 
to. <$ ad. sk. 
A*, c? ad. sk. 
//. tfad.; s. $ 
ad. sk. 
«'. Ad. sk. 
b', c'. (S ad. sk. 
d'-g'> 6 ad.; h\ 
5 ad. sk. 
zv. $ ad. sk. 
&'-m'. tf ad. sk. 

n'9 o'. cJ ad.j ?/. 
§ ad.; q'. Juv. 
sk. 

#»'$'. tf ad. sk. 
i'. S ad. sk.
ib'~z. $ ad. sk.
a", b". $ ad. sk.
*/'-a'J. $ ad. sk.

Presidio de Mazatlan, Mexico, 

June, Dec. (Forrer). 
Mazatlan, Dec. {Forrer). 
San Bias, Tepic, Mexico, 

April, May ( W. B. Richardson). 


Tacolapa, Colinia, Mexico, 
May {W.Lloyd). 
Culata, Colinia, Mexico, June 

( W. Lloyd). 
Plains of Colinia, Jan. 
(W. B. 
Richardson). 

Tierra Oolorada, Guerrero, 
Mexico, Oct. {Mrs. B. B. 
Smith). 

Eio Papagaio, Guerrero, Oct. 

(Mrs. B. B. 8.). 

Aca#uizorla, Guerrero, Oct. 

(Mrs. II. B. S.). 

La Venta, Guerrero, Sept. 

(Mrs. B. B. 8.). 

Dos Arrovos, Guerrero, Sept., 
Oct. (Iktrs. M. M.S.). 
Alto de Oamaron, Guerrero, 
Oct. (Mrs. B. B. S.). 
Venta de Pelegrino, Guerrero, 
Oct. (Mrs. B. B. S.). 
Chimalapa, Tehuantepec, 

April (W. B. Richardson). 
Tehuantepec (JF. B. R.). 
Tonala, Oliiapas, Mexico, June 

(W.B.R.). 
Merida, Yucatan, Feb. (F. I). 
Godman). 
Merida, Yucatan, Dec. (G. F. 
Gaumer). 
Holbox I., Yucatan, Dec. (G. 

F. Gaumer). 
Belize, British Honduras 

(Blancaneaux). 

Orange Walk, British Honduras 
(Gaumer). 
San Geroninio, Guatemala, 
Dec. (0. Salvin). 

Escuintla, Guatemala, Jan. 

(O.S.). 

 Santana Mixtan. Guatemala, 
Mar. (0. 8.). 
Retalhuleu, Guatemala, July 

( W. B. Richardson), 
Retalhuleu, Guatemala, Sept. 
(0. S. $ F. D. <?.). 
Costa Rica (Carmiol). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 

Gould Colls. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

55. AMAZILIA. 
209 

6. Amazilia graysoni 
Amazilia (Pyrrhophsena) graysoni, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. 
p. 404. 
Pyrrhophaana graysoni, Gray mi, Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. xiv. p. 183: 
Later. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 292. 
Amazilia graysoni, 
Gould, Ibis, 18(57, p. 247 ; Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.~ 
Mouches, i. p. 286, iv. p. 180; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 206; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 219; cFHamonv. Bull Soc. Zool. 
Fr. xi. p. 313 ; Sharpe in Gould's Hon. Troch. Suppl. (March 
1887). 
Auiazilis graysoni, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 402. 

Adult. Yery similar to that of. A. cinnamomea as regards the colour 
of its plumage, but much larger. Total length about 4*7 inches, wing 
2-6, tail 1-7, bill 1-1. 

Hob. Tres Marias Islands, Western Mexico. 

a,h. S 2 ad.sk. Tres Marias Is., Mar. (Forrer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

7. Amazilia beryllina. 
Trochilus beryllinus, Licht. Preis-Verz. Mex.^ Vdg. p. 1 (cf. J.f.O.n. 

1863, p. 55). 

Ornibmya ar.sinoe, Less. Suppl Ois.-Mouches, p. 154, pis. 28, 29. 

Trochilus arsinoe, Less. Ind. GSn. Troch, p. xxviii. 

Trochilus marise, Bourc. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, ix. p. 319 

(1846); id. Rev. Zool 1846, p. 316. 

Hylocharis marise. Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 115; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 74. 

Amazilius arsinoe, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77 j id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254 ; 

Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, pp. 297, 367. 

Amazilia arsinoe, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10; id. Troch. Fnum. p. 8, 

pi. 774. If. 4794-7 ; Muls. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 35. 

Ohlorestes jB. Smaragditis marise, Reich. Aufa. d. Col p. 7. 

Saucerottia maria, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254. 

Ohlorestes marise, Reich. Troch. Fnum. p. 4, pi. 695. f. 4549. 

Pyrrhophaena beryllina, Cab.fy Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 36; Muls. 

"Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 303, iv. p. 182 j id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 206. 
Amazilia beryllina, Gould, Mm. Troch. v. pi. 312 (July 1861); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 159; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 314; id. P. Z. S. 1864, 

p. 177 ; A. Duges, La Nat i. p. 141; Villada, La Nat ii. p. 364; 
de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 23; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 221• Ridgw. Man. 
N. Am. B. p. 317. 
Eranna beryllina, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 188. 
Polytnms beryllinus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 132. 
Amazilis beryllinus, Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 410. 
Amazilia marise, Ferrari-Perez, Pr. TJ. S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 158. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green,-becoming more 
golden on the crown, and passing through bronze on the rump to 
rich purple-bronze on the upper tail-coverts; under surface 
glittering grass-green, passing into greyish chestnut on the lower 
abdomen, and rich chestnut edged with buff on the under tail-
coverts ; tail shining purple-bronze : maxilla black; mandible fleshcolour, 
tip black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*1, tail 1*3, 
bill 0-85. 

VOL. XVI. 
p 

210 
TKOCHILI. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, "but the colours not quite so 
"bright, and the lower abdomen more decidedly grej. 

There is considerable variation in the colour of the tail in 
this species. In some specimens the upper tail-coverts as well as 
the central rectrices are of a deep violet-purple. I am unable to 
trace these variations to any definite localities, but the darker 
specimens, as a rule, are from tbe more northern parts of Western 
Mexico. This, however, is by no means universally the case. 
The range in altitude of this species extends from near the sea-
level (San Bias) to the plateau of Mexico-

Mr. Elliot is quite wrong in referring A. casta neiuentris, Gould, 
to this species. 
Hob* Southern Mexico. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Chozx, Sinaloa, Mexico, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.Lloyd). 
h. J ad. sk. San Bias, Tepie, Mexico, May Salvin-Goclman Coll. 
(W. B. Richardson). 
c-g.($ ad.; h. $ Tepie, May (W.B.B.). Salrin-Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. 
i,j. 
cT ad.; A*. Htiavimo, Sierra de Tepie, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv.; /.$ ad.sk. (W. B. JR.). 

m. S ad. sk. Bolauos, Jalisco, July( W.B.R.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n, o. § ad. sk. Sierra de Tepie, June( W.B.R.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. (S ad. sk. Zapotlan, Jalisco, Bee. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. J?.). 
q-s, $ ad.; t. J Tonila, Jalisco, June (W» Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Lloyd), 

u. Ad. sk. San Marcos, Jalisco, May ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Lloyd). 
v,w. <$ ad.sk. Beltran, Jalisco, April, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Lloyd). 
x-c'. S ad. sk. Volcan de Colima, Jan. (IF. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

B. Richardson). 
d'i ef. $ § ad. sk. Chilpaneingo, Guerrero, Ausr. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. JS. if. Smith). 
f'.S ad.; g\ $ Xautipa, Guerrero, July (Mrs. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. JET. H. 8.). 
h'-V. <$ ad.: m'. Amula, Guerrero, Aug. (Mrs. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. f S. B. 8.). 
n'-r'. S ad.; s\ Omilteme, Guerrero, July, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Aug. (Mrs. E. H. 8.). 
t'. $ jnv. sk. Tetelco, Valley of Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (Ferrari-Perez). 
u\ c? ad. sk. Valley of Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
v'. S ad. sk. Cofre de Perote, Mexico, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(M. Trujillo) 
v'-y'. $ ad. St.: Jalapa, Mexico, Mar., Mav Salvin-Godman Coll. 
*',«".$ ad.sk. (M.T.). 
b"~d". d ad. sk, Jalapa (de Oca), Gould Coll. 
e". (S juv. sk. Coatepec, Vera Cruz, Sept Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Ferrari-Perez). 
f',f. $ juv. sk. Coatepec, Oct., Nov. (M. Tru- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
jillo). 
W, Juv. sk. Orizaba, Mexico (Botteri). Gould Coll. 

55 . AMAZILIA. 211 
i". J ad.; f. Cordova (Salle). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

k". S ad. sk. Villa Alta, Mexico, Mar. (M. Salvin-Godman OolL 
Trujillo). 
Z". $ ad.; wi". Totontepee, Mexico. Feb, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. (M. T.). 
n", o". 2 a(*. s^« O-xiea. Gould Coll. 

y . $ ad. sk. Oaxaca (Fenochio). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q"-u". (S ad.; v". Mexico {Delattre ?). Gould Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 

w", x". <$ ad.; y". Mexico (Floresi). Gould Coll. 
$ ad.; s". 

Juv. sk. 
az. 5 skeleton. Gould Coll. 

£33

, c. <£ juv. Chimalapa, Tehuantepec, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. April (W. B. Richardson). 

8. Amazilia devillii. 
TrocMlus devillii, Bourc. Rev. Zool 1848, p. 272. 
Amazilia devillii, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 ; id. Troch. Enum. p. 8, 
pi. 778. ff. 4807-8; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 313 (May 1860); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 158; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 315; Muls. # Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 35; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 309: Boucard. 

P. Z. S. 1883, p. 451. 
Amazilius devillii, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254. 
Amazilia arsinoe, Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. 195. 
Amazilia dumerili, Salv. Ibis, 1860, pp. 263, 270. 
Pjrrhophsena devillii, Salv. Ibis, 1866, p. 204; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. 
N. T. no. 4, p. 33; Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 305, 
pi. 27 j id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206. 
Eramia devillii, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 188. 
Amazilia marise, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 222 ; Ridgw. Man. N. Am. B. 

p. 317. 
Amazilis devillii, Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 412. 
Adult male. Similar to that of A. beryllina, but with the chestnut 
colour at the bases of the inner primaries and secondaries 
more restricted in extent, and with the glittering green of the 
under surface spread over nearly the whole abdomen to the crissum. 
Bourcier's name TrocMlus marice was doubtfully referred to 
the same author's T. devillii by Gould, and substituted for it without 
hesitation by Mr. Elliot. On carefully comparing the two 
descriptions, I feel pretty confident that T. marice refers to 

A. beryllina rather than to T. devillii^ and have therefore placed 
it as a synonym of the former species. Regarding the application 
of T. devillii there can be no doubt, as it was based on Guatemalan 
specimens, and one from that country was compared by Gould 
with the type. T. marice was ascribed to Yenezuela most probably 
in error. 
Hab. Guatemala. 
a-e. S ad.; / , g. Dueiias, Guatemala, July, A.ug., Salvin-Godinan, 
$ ad.sk. Sept. (O. Salvin). Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 

h. £ ad. sk. Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept. (O. Salvin). 
212 
TBOCHILI. 

i. 
$ ad. sk. La Trinidad, Volcan de Fuego, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. (0. Salvin). 
j. <$ ad. sk. Choctum. Guatemala, Feb. Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
(0. S. $ F. D. G.). 
h, (S ad. sk. Guatemala. Gould Coll. 
(Compared with type.) 
I, m. $ ad. sk, Guatemala, Gould Coll, 


9. Amazilia castaneiventris. 
Amazilia castaneiventris, Gould, P. Z. S. 1856, p. 150; id. lion, Troeh. 
v. pi. 310 (Sept. 18G1); Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 35. 
Pyrrhopkasna castaneiventris, Gould, Intr. Troth, p. 157 ; Muls. 
Hist. JSTat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 300, iv. p. 182; id. Ann. Sue. Linn, 
Lyon, xxii. p. 206 j tPHamonv. Mull Soc. ZooL Fr. xi, p. 314; 
Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 331. 

Eranna castaneiventris, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 187. 
Amazilis castaneiventris, JEudes-Desl. Ann, Mus. Caen, i. p. 409. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining reddish bronze, duller on the 
head; rump and upper tail-coverts gre}ish, with a slight bronzy 
lustre; under surface, as far as and including the breast, glittering 
green; abdomen, flanks, and under tail-coverts rich chestnut; tail 
chestnut, edged and tipped with shining bronze: maxilla brown ; 
mandible flesh-colour, tip black. Total length about 3 5 inches, 
wing 2*15, tail 1*15, 

Hal. Colombia. 

a. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make) {Mark). Gould CoE 
(Type of speeies.) 
b, c. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godinan & 
Gould Colls. 

10. Amazilia eyamira, 
Amazilia cyanura, Gould, Mon. Troeh, v. pi. 315 (Sept. 1859); Selv. 
Ibis, 1873, p. 239; Elliot, Sy?i. Troeh. p, 223; Bert Fr. U. & Nat. 
Mus. xi. p. 563. 

Hemithylaca cyanura, Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 38. 
Pyrrhopkaena cyanura, Gould, Intr. Troeh. p, 160; Salr. litis, 1866? 

p. 195; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i p. 307; id. Ann, Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206. 
Eratina cyanura, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 191. 
Ariana cyanura, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 36. 
Polytmus cyanurus, Gray, Hand-h B. L p. 132. 
Saucerottia cyanura, Fudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 417. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming more 
glittering on the crown when viewed from in front, more purple on 
the lower back and steel-blue on the upper tail-coverts ; entire 
under surface glittering grass-green ; under tail-coverfe and tail 
steel-blue : maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, tip black. Total 
length about 3*6 inches, wing 2*1, tail 1*3, bill 0*85. 

Hal. Guatemala and Nicaragua. 

55. AMAZILIA. 
213 

ay b. (^ ad. sk. Eetalhuleu, Guatemala, Sept. Salvin-Godman & 

(0. Salvin). 
Gould Colls. 
c~;. d ad.; h. S Eetalhuleu, Guatemala, July Salvin-Goduian Coll 

juv.j I 2 ad. (W. B. Richardson). 

sk. 

m, n. cS ad. sk. Pie de la Cuesta, San Marcos, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Guatemala, Nov. ( W. B. JR.). 
o, p. $ ad. sk. Kealejo, Nicaragua (Sir E. Bel- Gould Coll. 
<&er)- (Types of the species.) 

q. tf ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua (Belt). Salvin-Godruan Coll. 
11. Amazilia ocai. 
Amazilia ocai; Gould, Mm. Troch. v. pi. 289 (July 1861); de Oca, 
La Nat. iii. p. 16, pi. —; Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 35; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 221. 

Pyrrhophsena ocai, Cab. § Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 36; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 301, iv. p. 182 ; id. Ann. Soc. Litm. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 206. 
Hemistilbon ocai, Gould, Lntr. Troch. p. L50. 
Thaumatias lerdi, de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 24 ? 
Amazilis ocai, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 415. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, crown glittering 
grass-green, lower back and upper tail-coverts greenish bronze; 
throat and breast glittering grass-green, each feather being white 
with a green discal spot, those of the throat being small and the 
wrhite of the feathers appearing; middle of the abdomen grey, 
flanks washed with golden green; under tail-coverts pale greenish 
bronze, broadly edged with dull white ; tail bronzy olive-green, the 
lateral rectrices with the shafts and outer webs towards the base 
chestnut: bill black, mandible towards the base flesh-colour. Total 
length about 4 inches, wing 2*3, tail 1*35, bill 0*85. 

Thaumatias lerdi, de Oca, from Paso del Macho, near Vera Cruz, 
Mexico, may have been based upon a female of this species. The 
dimensions agree exactly, and the coloration is apparently similar. 

Hob. Mexico. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (de Oca). Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
12. Amazilia sumichrasti. (Plate VII. fig. 2.) 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, darker on the 
head, more golden bronze on the rump and upper tail-coverts; 
throat and breast glittering grass-green, the white bases of the 
feathers hardly showing anywhere; abdomen and flanks shining 
grass-green; under tail-coverts rufous; tail rich lustrous coppery 
bronze; bases of the inner primaries and secondaries chestnut: 
maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length 
about 3-8 inches, wing 2*1, tail 1-2, bill 0*9. 

In some respects this species resembles A. ocai, but the richer 
more coppery colour of the tail, the dull-coloured crown, and uni


214 TEOOHIM. 

form green throat readily distinguish it, I am indebted to IL 
Boucard for the specimen BOW described. 
Hab. Southern Mexico. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Santa Efigenia, Isthmus of Tehu- Salrin-Godman ColL 
autepec, Dec. (F. Sumichrast). 
13. AmazriEa yrtcataneiisis. 
Trochilus yucatanensis, Cabot, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H, 1845, p. 74. 

Amazilia yucatanensis, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 308 (Sept. 1861) 
Muh.EfVerr. Class. Troch. p. 3d; de Oca, La Nat. ill. p. 303. 
Muh. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 295, iv. p. 181; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 219 fpartim) 
Ridgw. Pr. US. Nat Mus. iv. p. 25; id. Man. N. Am. B. p. 317 
Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 451. 

Pyrrhophsena yueatanensis, Gould, Inir. Troch. p. 157. 
Eranna yucatanensis, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 187. 
Pyrrhophsena cen miventris, Salv. Ibis, 18(56, p. 105 (nee Gould), 
AJoiazilis yueatanensis-, Eudes-Ded. Ann. Mies. Caen, i. p. 402. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, darker on the 
crown; throat and breast glittering green ; abdomen, Hanks, and 
under tail-coverts rich chestnut; tail chestnut, edged and tipped 
with bronze; bill flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length 4 inches, 
wing 2"2, tail 1*5, bill 0*95. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the abdomen palerj, 
and the central reefcrices bronze to the base. 
Hob. Yucatan and adjoining parts of Guatemala. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Northern YucatanGaumer). 
(G. F. Salvin-Godinan Coll, 
b, c. S ad. sk. Merida, Yucatan, Feb. (F. B. Safrin-Godman ColL 
d, e. S ad.;/. 5ad. sk. 
Santana Peten, April (O. S.). Salvm-Godmam Coll. 

14. Amazilia cerviniveatris. 
Amazilius cervdniventris, Gould, P. Z. S. 1856, p. 150; Set P. Z. S. 
1856, p. 287, 1857, p. 17. 

Amazilia cervinrventris, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi 319 (May 1857}; 
Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 314; Muh.Sf Verr. Class. Track p. 35; it 
Oca, La Nat iii. p. 209; Muh. Mist Nat Ois.-Mouches,1. p. 296, 

iv. p. 182; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; Merrill* Bull. 
Nntt. Orn. Club, ii. p. 26; Coues $ Bennett, Bull. UJS. Geoqr. 
Surv. iv.p. 35; Midaw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. iv. p. 25: id. Mm.*N~ 
Am. B. p. 317. 
Pyrrhophsena cerviniventris, Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Hein, iii, p. 36; 
Gmdd,Intr. Troch. p. 157. 

Eranna cerviniventris, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 187. 

Polytnius cerviniventris, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p, 132. 

Amazilia yucatanensis, Bidgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mm. i. p. 148 (par


tim); Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 157 (partim). 
Amazilis cerviniventris, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i p. 404* 

55 . AMAZILIA. 
215 
Adult male. Similar to that of A. yucatanensis, but with the abdo


men and nnder tail-coverts paler, the flanks and tipper portion of 

the abdomen are washed with shining green, so that the glittering 

green of the breast and the chestnut of the abdomen do not meet in 

a sharply defined line. 

Female. Similar to the male. 

Sab. Eastern Mexico, from the mouth of the Rio Grande to the 

southern extremity of the State of Yera Cruz. 

a-h. S ad.; i-l Brownsville, Texas, April and Salvin-Godman Coll. 

<j> ad. sk. May (F. B. Armstrong), 
m. 
$ ad. sk. Presas de Aldama, Tamaulipas, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mexico, March (W. B. 
Hichardsmi). 
n. $ ad, sk. Altamira, Tamaulipas, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.B.). 
os. <? ad.; t, u. Tampico, Tamaulipas, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2 juv. sk. March, June ( W. B. JR.). 
v, <$ juv.sk. Tantina, Vera Cruz, June (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

B. %.). 
to. <$ ad. sk. Valles, San Luis Potosi, Mex., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
May (W.B.B.). 
x, y. 9 ad. sk. Misantla, Vera Cruz, Mar. (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 


D. G.). 
z,a'. d ^d. sk. Colipa, Vera Cruz, March (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
D. G.). 
b'. Juv. sk. Vega del Casadero, Vera Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Cruz, Dec. (M. Trujlllo). 
e\ <$ juv. sk. Tomatla, June (M. T.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d'. J ad. sk. Jalapa, Vera Cruz (de Oca). Gould Coll. 
e'. $ ad. sk. Tlacotalpam, Vera Cruz (Salle). Sclater Coll. 

f,g'. 
c?ad.j£\ Cordova, Vera Cruz, Nov. Gould Coll. 
$> ad. sk. (SallS). (Types of the species.) 
i'-l'. S ad. sk. Vera Cruz, Feb. (F. D. Q.} W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

B. B.). 
m'. Pad.sk. Laguna, Vera Cruz, Feb. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. B.). 
n'} o\ <$BA. ;p\ Vera Cruz (Boueard). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. 
q!. $ ad. sk. San Andres, Tuxtla, Vera Cruz. A, Salle' [C.]. 
r'. $ ad. sk. Xochiapa, Vera Cruz, June (M. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Trujillo). 

15. Amazilia lawrencii. 
Amazilia lawrencii, Elliot, Auk, vi. p. 209. 
" Crown of head, neck, back, upper wing-coverts, and upper tail-
coverts dull bronzy-green. Wings purple; base of primaries and 
secondaries blackish. Throat, sides of neck and breast glittering 
grass-green ; lower part of flanks and abdomen very dark chestnut-
brown ; under tail-coverts cinnamon. Tail bright chestnut; tips 
and edges of both webs bluish black, most extensive on lateral tail-
feathers, reaching on outer webs nearly to their base. Maxilla 

216 
TEOCHILI. 

black; mandible black, with a slight indication of flesh-colour at 
the base. Eeet black. Length of wing 2^ inches, tail 1|, bill T%. 
Total lengthof skin 3f\ inches, but as it has been very much shortened 
in making it up, it is probable the real length would be nearer 
four inches. 

"Bab. Bogota?" (EU'wt,7. s. c. 

I do not recognize any skin answering to this description in the 
Museum series. The bird seems to belong to the A. riefferi section 
of the genus, and the type is probably, to judge from the darkness 
of the bill, the skin of a female bird. 

16. Amazilia riefferi. 
Trochilus fuseicaudatus, Eraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 17 F 
Trochilus riefferi, Bourc. Ann. Sc. Phys. ei Xat. Lyon, vi. p. 45 

(1843) ; id. Rev. Zool. 1843, p. 103. _ 
Hylocharis fuscicauda, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114. 
Polytrnus riefferi, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 132. 
Trochilus aglaise, Bourc. fy Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. ei Xat. Lyon, ix. 

p. 320 (1846) ; id. Rev. Zool 1846, p. 310. 
Amaziiius riefferi, Bp. Omsjp. Av. i. p. 78; id. Rev. Zool 1&54, p. 254 ; 
Scl. P.Z.S. 1859, p. 145. 
Amaziiius aglaise, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 71. 
Trochilus dubusi, Bourc. Ann, Sc. Phys. et Xat. Lyon, (2) iy. p. 141 

(1852). 
Chlurestet, y. Saucerotfia fuseieaudata, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; 
id. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 698.ff. 4552-3. 
Amazilia riefferi, Reich Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. Troch. Enum. p. 8, 
pi. 778. ff. 4798-9; Scl. $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 130 ; iid. P. Z. S. 1SU, 

p. 365,1879, p. 530; Gould, Man. Troch. v. pi. 311 (May lfclSU); 
Scl. P. Z.SISm, pp. 94, 253,290 ;id. Cat.Am.B.ip.3U: Salv. Ibis, 
1860, pp. 195, 270,1872, p. 320; id. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 15b; ld70, 
p. 210 j id. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 309; Later. Ann. Life. X. Y. vii. 
p. 292; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 35; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, 
p. 378; Merrill, Bull. Xutt. Orn. Club, i. p. 88; Berl J.f.O.n. 
1884, p. 311. 
Amazilia dubusi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10; id. Troch. Enum. p. 8, 
pi. 778. ff. 4809-10. 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia aglaise, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 
Amaziiius dubusi, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254; Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, 

p.386. 
Pyrrhophfena dubusi, Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 36; Cab. J. f 
Orn. 1802, p. 163. 
Pyrrhophaena riefferi, 
Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 35; Gould, 
Intr. Troch. p. 158 ; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii p. 1&4, ix. p. 127 ; 
id. Bull. U.S. Xat. Mus. no. 4, p. 33; v. Frantz. J. f. Orn. ISm, 

p. 317; Scl. 8r Salt). P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; Boucard, P. Z. S.1878, 
p. 71; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 331. 
Pyrrhophaena sauvis, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 38. 
Eranna dubusi, Heine, J.f Orn. 1803, p. 188. 
Hemithylaca aglaia% Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 38. 
Eranna suavis, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 188. 
Eranna ju -uncla, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 188. 
Eranna riefferi, Heme, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 188. 
55 . AMAZILIA. 217 
Ariana riefferi, Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 310, iv. p. 184; id. 
Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206. 
Aniazilia fuscicaudata, Eidgio. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 147, x. 

p. 591; id. Man. N Am. B. p. 317; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 220; 
Nutting, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. v. p. 398, vi. p. 406. 
Aiuazilis fuscicaudatus, JEudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 405. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy-green, darker on the 
crown ; upper tail-coverts chestnut; under surface glittering green, 
passing into shining green on the upper abdomen and flanks ; lower 
abdomen fuscous, lores and under tail-coverts chestnut; tail chestnut, 
tipped and edged with bronze: bill flesh-colour, the tip black. 
Total length about 4 inches, wing 2-3, tail 1-35, bill 0*93. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the maxilla darker, 
the base only flesh-colour. 
Young. Yery similar to the adult, the glittering discal spots of 
the throat and breast-feathers replaced by shining green. 

This species passed as A. riefferi, until Mr. Eidgway and 
Mr Elliot substituted Eraser's title T. fuscicaudatus for it. The 
latter name was included amongst the synonyms of A. riefferi by 
Gould, but its locality wrongly stated to be Honduras. Count 
Berlepsch has recently questioned the propriety of the change of 
name, and suggested that Eraser's type should be re-examined. 
This I have attempted to do with the following result, the so-called 
type having kindly been lent me by the authorities of the Liverpool 
Museum. Eraser, when describing his T. fuscicaudatus, gave its 
locality as " Chachapoyas, Peru ;" but the so-called type specimen 
bears the following inscription in Eraser's handwriting :—" Trochilus 

fuscicaudatus. Eraser, Orig. of desc. in Proc. Zool. Soc. Eeb. 1840. 
Erom St. Ee de Bogota." It follows that either the original locality 
was wrongly given, or that this bird is not the type. Comparing the 
latter with the description, I find the following discrepancies:— 
The tail being slightly forked, cannot well be called " subrotundata." 
The feathers of the under surface can hardly be said to be " albido 
marginatis," though the throat-plumes have the whitish fringe of 
freshly moulted feathers. The crissum, as distinguished from the 
anal feathers, is said to be " fuseum," whereas the under tail-coverts 
in the Bogota bird are chestnut, the same colour as the base of the 
tail, the latter being called " submetallice castanea." 

I much doubt the Bogota bird being the type of the description, 
notwithstanding Eraser's statement, and therefore I doubt the propriety 
of superseding A. riefferi by A. fuscicaudatus. 

The series before me (about 9o specimens) shows on the whole 
that this species is very constant throughout its range, and exhibits 
no localized races that I can trace. It follows that the names 
dubusi (Honduras), suavis (Cartagena), jucunda (W. Ecuador), and 
aglaice (ex patria ignota) fall as synonyms of A. riefferi. 

The chestnut lores are a distinguishing feature in this bird. 
Hah. Eastern Mexico, from the llio Grande "Valley, Central 
America, Colombia and Ecuador. 

218 
«. <$ ad. sk, 

b. c? ad. sk. 
c, d. S ad. sk. 
e, f. <$ ad.; g. $ 
ad. sk. 

TEOCHILI. 

Tanipieo, Mexico (W. B. 
Richardson). 

Cordoba, Vera Cruz, Jan. 

(Salle\. 

Playa Vicente, Vera Cruz, Dec. 

(M. Trujilh). 
Xochiapa, Vera Cruz, Jan. (31. 
T.). 

h-j. <$ ad.; &, I.Teapa, Tabasco, March (Mrs, 

$ ad. sk. 

m. S ad. ; n-^p. 
$ ad. sk. 
q, r. S ad.; & $ 
ad. sk. 
£. c? ad. sk. 


^. (5* ad.; v-x. $ 
ad. sk. 

y. 
tf ad. sk. 
s. £ ad.; a'. $ 
ad. sk. 
b\ c'. Juv. sk. 


d'. S ad.; e'. $ 
ad. sk. 
/-A', e ad.: z#. 
? ad. sk. 
/. $ ad. sk. 

wJ. d ad.; »'. 

Jad.sk. 
o'. c? ad. sk. 
p'. $ ad. sk. 
q\ S ad.sk. 
?*', s'. <S ad.; £'. 

§ ad. sk. 
u\ S ad. sk. 
v'» 2 ad. sk. 

1. $ aQ,
w« s-^* 

y . tf ad.; 
y\ $ 
ad. sk. 
z\ c?ad.; a". $ 
ad. sk. 
5". J ad. sk. 
o". c? ad. sk. 
^"* (J ad. sk. 
e"-h". d1 ad. sk. 

*"»/'. 6 ad. sk.

k". <$ ad. sk 
Z". d ad. sk. 
m". S ad. sk, 

n". <5 ad. sk. 
o". dad.;/'. $ 
ad. sk. 

H. H. Smith). 
Orange "Walk, Brit. Honduras 

(G. F. Gaumer). 
Corosal, Brit. Honduras {Roe). 
Belize, Brit. Honduras (Blancaneaux). 
Cayo, Brit. Honduras (Blan


caneaux). 
Santana, Peten, April (O. S.). 
Choctum, Guatemala, Feb. (O. 

S. £ F. D. G.). 
Lanquin, Guatemala, March 
(O.S.). 

Cohan, Guatemala, Jan., Nov. 

(O.S.). 

Guatemala. 

Honduras (Bourder). 

Chontales, Nicaragua (Belt), 


Orosi, Costa Rica (Kramer). 
Irazu, Costa Rica (Rogers). 
Tucurriqui, Costa Rica (ArcS). 
Costa Rica (Canniol, Endres). 


David, Panama (Warszewkz). 
Ohitra, Panama. 
Boquete de Chitra (ArcS). 
Calovevora, Panama (ArcS). 


Lion Hill, Panama (0. 8., Mc-


Leannan). 
Paraiso, Panama (Hughes), 
Baranquilla, Colombia (Rippon). 
Medemn, Colombia (Salmon). 
Colombia (Bogota make). 

 Gorgona (KellettEf Wood). 

Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Fraser), 
Guayaquil, Ecuador. 
Peruche, Ecuador, March 

(Fraser)* 
Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). 
Quito, Ecuador. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 
Gould Coll. 

Gould Coll. 
(Type of 21 dubusl) 
Salvm-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould CoH. 


Gould CoH. 
Arce* "C.l 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 


Gould Colls. 
Salvin-Godman & 

Gould Colls. 
Sclater Coll 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

55. AMAZILIA. 219 
q", r". S ad. sk.
s", t". Juv. sk.
u". J ad. sk.
v"-x". 6 ad. sk. 
Santa Rita, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Monji, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Citado, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll, 

17. Amazilia viridiventris. 
Trochilus viridigaster, Bourc. Ann. So. JPhys. et Nat. Lyon. vi. p. 42 
(1843) s id. Rev. Zool. 1843, p. 103. 
Hvlocharis viridigaster, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 115; Bp. Consp. Av. i. 

p. 74. 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia viridiventris, JReich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 
Saucerottia viridigaster, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Chlorestes viridiventris, JReich. Troch. JSnum. p. 4, pi. 699. if. 
4564-5. 
Amazilia viridigaster, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 314 (Sept. 1860). 
Hemithylaca viridiventris, Cab.fy Heine, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 38. 
Pyrrkophsena viridigaster, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 159. 
Amazilia viridiventris, Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 315 : Wyatt Ibis, 1871, 

p. 378; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 220. 
Eratina viridiventris, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 191. 
Ariana viridigaster, Mitls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 36; Mids. Hist. 
Nat. Oi$.-Mouches, i. p. 320, iv. p. 185; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 207. 
Polytnius viridigaster, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 132. 
Saucerottia viridigaster, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 419. 
Pyrrhopheena viridiventris, Berl. J.f Orn. 1887, p. 332. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, browner on the 
rump, and shading into purple on the upper tail-coverts; under 
surface glittering grass-green, shading into greyish brown on the 
abdomen; under tail-coverts brown or greyish rufous with lighter 
edges ; tail dark shining purple-violet: maxilla black; mandible 
flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 3-5 inches, wing 2*1, 
tail 1*2, bill 0*8. 

Female. Similar to the male. 
The colour of the tail seems to vary much in this bird, as in 

A. beryllina, from violet to reddish bronze. All occur in Bogota 
skins, and I cannot localize the various forms. 
Hah. Colombia and Yenezuela. 

a-h. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould [type], Salvin-
Godman, & 
Sclater Colls. 

i. <$ ad. sk. Tachiro, Venezuela {Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
18. Amazilia iodura. 
Trochilus iodurus, Saucerotte, MS. [fide Cab.). 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia iodura, Meich. Aufz, d. Col. p. 8 * id. Troch. 
JEnum. p. 4, pi. 698. if. 4560-1. 
Hemithylaca iodura, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 39. 
Pyrrhophgena iodura, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 159; Mills. Hist. Nat. 

220 
TEOCHILI. 

Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 299; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206; 

Berl.J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 332. 

Eratina iodura, Heme, J.f.O.n. 1883, p. 190. 

Amazilia iodura, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 223; Sharpe in Gould's Mon. 

Troch. Suppl. (March 1887). 
Saucerottia iodura, Eudes-Besl Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 418. 


"Capite, collo, pectore, dorso superiore tectricibusgue alarum 
splendide virescentibus, gula paululum alba intermlxtis; alls c£eruleo-
virescentibus latis&ime pallide fulvescente-limbatis ; eauda 
splendide purpureo-violacea: abdomine fulvescente; crisbO albido. 
Long, tota 3" 3'", al. 2", caud. 1" 2% rostr. culm. 9m. 

"Hah. Colombia." (Cab. § Heine, I. s, e.) 

Unknown to me. 

19. Amazilia lucida. 
Amazilia lucida, Elliot, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1877, xx. p. 404 ,* id. Syn. 
Troch. p. 2^3; Muls. Hist. Xat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 1&3 • Sharpe 
in Gould's Mon. Troch. Suppl (March 1887> 

Pvrrhophsena lucida, JBerl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 332. 
Amazilis lucidus, Eudes-Besl Ann. Mus. Caen, L p. 40b. 


"Adult. Crown of the head dark metallic grass-green; upper surface 
shining grass-green, lighter than the head ,- upper tail-coverts 
golden bronze. Throat, breast, abdomen, and Hanks metallic grass-
green • a light mouse-coloured spot on the lower part of the abdomen. 
Thighs white, feathers fluffy. Under tail-coverts dark bronzy 
brown edged with white. Wings dark purple. Tail reddish bronze, 
darkest in the centre along the shafts, with the tips of the lateral 
rectriees bluish black, their edges reddish bronze. This bluish-black 
colour almost resolves itself into a subterminal bar, and is especially 
conspicuous on the underside of the tail. Bill brownish red, 
flesh-colour in life, tip black. Total length 3*5 inches, wing 2*12, 
tail 1-25, culmen 3-75. 

" Hah. Colombia." (Elliot, I s. c.) 
I am unacquainted with this bird, which from the description 
seems allied to A. viridiveniris. 

20. Amazilia cupreicauda. 
Amazilia 
cupreicauda, Salv. § Godm. Ibis, 1884, p. 452; Salv. Ibis, 
1885, p. 483; Sharpe in Gotdd's Suppl Troch. pi. 5t> (March 
1887). 

Adult male. Upper surface shining coppery bronze, becoming 
more coppery on the rump and upper tail-coverts ; crown and under 
surface glittering grass-green, becoming duller on the abdomen; 
under tail-coverts dark cinnamon or chestnut; tail chestnut, washed 
with purple-bronze: maxilla black ; mandible fle&h-eolour, the tip 
black. Total length about 3-5 inches, wing 2, tail 1-15, bill 0-8. 

Female. Similar to the male. 

Hab. Guiana. 

55 . AMAZILIA. 
221 
Allied to A. viridiventris, but with the upper surface more 
coppery, the tail chestnut washed with "bronze, not dark violet-
blue, and more rounded, &c. 

a-c. $ ad.; d,e. Borainia, Brit. Guiana, Feb., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. June, July, Dec. (JET. Whitehj). (Types of the species.) 
/ . J ad. sk. Merume* Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (H W.). 

g. 
J ad. sk. Quonga, Brit. Guiana, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(ff. IT.). 
21. Amazilia edwardi. 
Troehilus edward, Delattre fy Bourc. Rev. Zool 1846, p. 308. 
Polytmus edwardsii, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 109: id. Hand-l. B. i. 

p. 132. 
Amazilius edward, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78. 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia edwardsii, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 
Thaumantias edward, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Chlorestes edwardsii, Reich. Troch. Emm. p. 4, pi. 698.ff. 4558-9. 
Erythronota edwardi, Gould. Mori. Troch. v. pi, 318 (May 1858) ; id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 161; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 292, ix. p. 127. 
Hemithylaca edwardi, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 37. 
Eratina edwardi, Seine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 191. 
Saucerottia edwardi, Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365; Eude$~Desl. 

Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 427. 
Leucodora edwardi, Muh. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 311, iv. 

p. 184 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206. 
Amazilia 
edwardi, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 35; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 221. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining reddish coppery, duller on the 
lower back and rump, greener on the back of the neck and crown; 
throat and breast glittering grass-green ; abdomen white; under 
tail-coverts dusky, edged with greyish white; tail shining reddish 
bronze : maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total 
length about B'5 inches, wing 2, tail 1*2, bill 0-9. 


Female. Similar to the male. 
Hah. Panama. 


a-c. 3 ad.; d-f. Lion Hill, Panama (McLean- Salvin-Godman, 
9 ad. sk. nan). Gould, & Sclater 

* Colls. 
g, h. 3 ad. sk. Paraiso Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Hughes). 
i-h. 
<$ ad.; I 3 Line of Panama Railway Salvin-Godman & 
juv. sk. (Arci). Sclater Colls. 

m. d ad. sk. Panama? (Delattre?). Purchased. 
22. Amazilia uiveiventris. 
Trochilus (——?) niveiventer, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 164. 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia niveiventer, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 
Thaumantias niveiventer, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Chlorestes niveiventer, Reich. Troch. Emm. p. 4, pi. 700.ff.4566-7. 


222 
TROCHILI. 

Erythronota niveiventris, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 319 (May 1858); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 161; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 155,1870, p. 210. 
Hemithylaca niveiventris, Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Hein. iii p. 37; Heine, 

J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 192. 
Saucerottia niveiventris, Scl # Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365; Eudes-
DesL Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 429. 
Ariana niveiventris, Mills. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 36. 
Lencodora niveiventris, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 313, iv. 

p. 184 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 206. 
Aniazilia niveiventris, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 222. 
Polyttnus m\ *- iv entris, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 133. 
Adult male. Similar to that of A. edwardi, but with the tail 
purplish steel-blue instead of reddish bronze. 
Female. Similar to the male; the lateral rectrices tipped with 
bronze. 
Hob. Costa Eica and the State of Panama. 

a, b. c? ad. sk. Costa Rica. Gould Coll. 
cjad.sk. Near David, Cliiriqui(Warsze- Gould Coll. (Type 
wiez). of the species.)' 

d. $ ad. sk. Chitra, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Gudman Coll. 
e-g. S &d. sk. Cliiriqui {Arce). Siilvin-Godman & 
SclatKr Col's. 


h. i. (S ad. sk. Veraguas (Arce). Saivin-Godmin & 
^ Gould Coll-. 
j. Juv. sk. Cordillera del Chucu (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
7s, I. <$ ad. ; m. Calovevora, Panama {Arce). Salvin-Godman k, 
Juv. sk. Gould Culls. 

n. 
<$ ad. sk. Lion Hill, Panama (McLean- Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
nan), 
o. (S ad. sk. Panama ? (Seemann ?). Gould Coll. 
p. Skeleton. 
Gould Coll. 
23. Amazilia warszewiezi 
Hemithylaca warszewiezi, Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 38: Heine, 
J.f Orn. 1863, p. 193. 
Saucerottia warszewiezi, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 163; Wyatt, Ibis, 
1871, p. 378 ; Salv. # Godm.Ibis, 1880, p. 173; Eudes-Besl Ann. 
Mus. Caen, i. p. 423. 

Hemithylaca caligata, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 39 ? 
Hemithylaca braccata, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 193? 
Ariana warszewiezi, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 327, iv. 

p. 185 j id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyo?i, xxii. p. 207. 
Polytmus warszewiezi, Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 131. 
Amazilia warszewiezi, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 235; Sharpe in Gould's 
Mon. Troch. Suppl. (March 1887). 

Adult male. Upper surface shining dark grass-green ; longer 
upper tail-coverts and tail bright steel-blue; under surface glittering 
grass-green; under tail-coverts steel-blue, more or less edged with 
white : maxilla blackisb; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. 

Female. Similar to the male. 

Cabanis and Heine described this species from two specimens 
said to have been obtained by Warszewiez in Veragua; but Gould 

55 . AMAZILIA. 
223 
tells us that his examples (no longer in the collection) from the 
same source came from the " Banks of the Magdalena ;" and I have 
little doubt all Warszewiez's examples were from the latter locality, 
and none from Yeragua. 

The specimens from Merida, given us by Count von Berlepsch, are 
labelled A. warszewiezi braccata (Heine). 

Hal. Northern Colombia, Magdalena Valley, Sierra de Santa 
Marta, &c. 

a-g. Ad. sk. Santa Marta, Colombia. Gould Coll. 

h. 
Ad. sk. Sierra de Santa Marta (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Simons), 
i. S 
ad.; j. g Minca, Sierra de Santa Marta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Feb., Mar. (F. S.). 
h. 
Ad. sk. Atanques, Sierra de Santa Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, Feb. (F. S.). 
I. $ 
ad. sk. Valencia, Sierra de Santa Marta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
May (F. &). 
m. Ad. sk. Manaure,Colombia, May (F.S.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. Herradura, Colombia (Wyatt). Sclater Coll. 
o, p. Ad. sk. Prov. Santander, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Wyatt). 
q-s. $ 
ad.; t, u. Merida, Venezuela (S. Bri- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv. sk. ceno) (e don. H. v. Berlepsch). 

v. rf ad. sk. ? 
Gould Coll. 
24. Amazilia saucerottii. 
Trochilus saucerottii, Bouro. §* Delattre, Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 311. 
Saucerottia tvpica, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 255 ; Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 162 ; Sal. 8? Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, 
p. 530. 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia typica, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Chlorestes typica, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 701. 8. 4569-70. 
Hemithylaca saucerottii, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 38 ; Heine, 
J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 192. 
Erythronota typica, Gould, Hon. Troch. v. pi. 321 (Sept. 1861). 
Ariana saucerottii, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 36; Muls. Hist, 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 331, iv. p. 185; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 207. 
Amazilia saucerottii, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 225. 
Saucerottia warszewiezi, Set. §• Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 530? 
Saucerottia saucerottii, Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, L p. 424. 
Pyrrhophsena saucerottii, Bert J.f Orn. 1887, p. 332. 
Adult male. Very similar to that of A. warszewiezi, but with a 

duller darker tail and upper tail-coverts ; under tail-coverts dusky, 

washed with greenish and edged with white. 

The types of this species were obtained by Delattre near Call, in 

the Cauca Valley, Colombia. 

Hob. Colombia, Cauea Valley. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Cali, Colombia (Delattre). Gould Coll. (Typical 
specimens.) 
c-e. Ad. sk. Prov. Antioquia, Colombia Salvin-Godman & 
(Salmon). Sclater Colls. 

2U TROCfflU. 

25. Amazilia sophise. 
Trochilus sophise, Bourc. fy Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. ei Nat. Lyon, ix. 
p. 318 (1846); id. Rev. Zool 1846, p. 316. 
Trochilus caligatus, Gould, P. Z. S.1&48, p. 14. 
Amazilins sopbias, Bp. Consp. Av. i. j?. 78. 
Saucerottia caligata, Bp. Comp. Av. i. p. 78. 
Clilorestes y. Saucerottia sopliise, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 
Clilorestes y. Saucerottia caligata, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8. 
Saucerottia sophise, Bp. Rev!'Zool. 1854, p. 2-55 * Gould, Iatr. Track. 
p. 162 ; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 315 ; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 127 ; 
Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 71; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mm. Caen, i. 
p. 425. 
Clilorestes sopkiae, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 697. ff. 4554-5. 
Erythronota sopkias, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 322 (July ItGlj. 
Hemithylaca sophiae, Cab. ty Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. pi 38 ; Heine, 
J.f Orn. 1863, p. 192. 
Hemithylaca hoffmanni, Cab. <$* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 38• Cab. 
J.f.O.n. 1802, p. 163. 
Ariana sophise, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 36• Muls. Hist. Xat. 
Ois.-Monches, i. p. 328, pi. 23, iv. p. 185; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 207. 

Amazilia sophise, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 224. 
Polytmus sophise, Gray, Hand-l. i?. i. p. 13L 


Adult male. Similar to those of A. warszeiviezi and A. sancerottii, 

but rather larger. It has steel-blue under tail-coyerts like the 

former, but differs from both in having the lower back bronzy green, 

shading into purple on the proximal upper tail-coverts. Total length 

about 4 inches, wing 2*2, tail 1*2, bill 0-85. 

Young birds are dusky on the under surface, the glittering green 

feathers of the throat appearing first in the middle and then spread


ing to the sides; the under tail-coverts are dusky. 

The type of T. sophice, Bourc. & Muls.3 is said to have come 
from Bogota ; but the name has of late been strictly associated with 
the Costa Eica bird, the description applying best to it, rather than 
to either A. warszewiezi or A. saucerottii, both of which are Colombian 
species. Gould compared named examples of his T. caligatus, 

T. sophice, and Hemithylaca hoffmamii, and failed to find any difference 
between them. 
Hab. Costa Rica. 

a, b. S ad.; c. Bebedero, Costa Eica {ArcS). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv. sk. 

d. $ ad. sk. Tucurriqui, Costa Rica (Arc£). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e-j. <$ ad.; 7c, I Costa Rica {Entires). Gould Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
m, n. <S ad. sk. ? (JDelattref), Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 
o, p. tf ad.; q. ? Gould & Sclater 
Juv. sk. Colls. 

r. Skeleton. Gould Coll 
OO. AMAZILIA. 22 5 

2Q>. Aniazilia erythronota. 

Omismya erythronotos, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxii 

381, pi. 61; id. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 19. ' 

Trochilus erythronotus, Less. Ind. Gin. Troch. p. xxviii. 

Polytmus erythronotus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 108: id. Hand-IB'.

p. 132; LSot. Ois. Trin. p. 137. 
Saucerottia erythronota, Bp. Consp. A)), i. p. 77 ; id. Reo. Zool. 1854, 
p. 255; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 315; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen. 
i. p. 421. 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia erythronota, Reich. Aitfz. d. Col p. 8. 
Chlorestes erythronota, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 699. ft 4562-3. 
Ervthronota antiqua, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 316 (May 1860): id. 
intr. Troch. p. 160; E. C. Taylor, Ibis, 18(53, p. 92. 

Hemithylaca erythronota, Cab. c} Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 37: 

Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 192 ; Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 562. 

Ariana erythronota, Mute. 8? Verr. Class. Troch. p. 36; Muls. Hist. 

Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 323 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207. 

Amazilia erythronota, Elliot. Syn. Troch. p. 224: Sato. Cat. Strickl 

Coll p. 369. 

Adult. Upper surface shining reddish coppery, becoming deeper 
on the rump and reddish purple on the longer tail-coverts ; crown 
and under surface glittering grass-green : under tail-eovorts reddish 
brown or dusky, edged with pale grey ; tail dark steel-blue : maxilla 
black ; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 3*6 
inches, wing T95, tail 1*15, bill 0*8. 

Female* Similar to the male (?). 
It has long been a question whether there is more than one form 
of this bird—that is to say, whether A. erythronota, A. felieice, and 
the bird from the island of Tobago are sufficiently distinct to be 
accurately defined. Gould admits two species, and mainly relies on 
the colour of the upper surface to distinguish A. erythronota from 

A. felieice *. Elliot speaks of the upper tail-coverts of A. feliciw 
* I find, however, that this character is most variable and untrustworthy, and* 
that if these two birds are to be separated at all, the darker colour of the tail 
in the Trinidad specimens (A. erythronota) alone serves to distinguish it from 
the lighter-tailed continental (A. felides). The difference is very trifling. The 
colour of the under tail-coverts, at first sight, appears to afford grounds for 
separation; but this character, too, is most variable, and due perhaps to sex, 
perhaps to age or season. The birds with chestnut-red under tail-coverts seem 
more prevalent in Venezuela. There remains the Tobago Is. bird, which, as Gould 
says, is larger, with a more deeply forked tail. There can, I think, be little 
doubt that this is the "Tobago Humming-bird" of Latham (T. tobaci, G-m.). 
In G-ould's collection there is one of Kirk's specimens from Tobago, and two 
others perhaps from the same source. For the present I think it advisable to 
keep this bird distinct, and to admit of the distinctness of the Trinidad from 
the Venezuelan bird ; but I must say that questions of such nicety can only be 
settled by an examination of very different materials from those before me. 
Many specimens, with exact localities, with sexes properly determined and date 
of capture recorded, are essential for their discrimination, and not a mass of 
trade skins with none of this necessary information. 
Should it prove that only one species can be admitted, this should bear the 
name of A. tobaci (G-m.), notwithstanding Elliot's application of the title to an 
Agyrtria. Count Berlepsch has already dissented from this determination, and 
I quite agree with him on this point. 

VOL. xvi. Q, 

226 TEOCHILI 
as " bluish black/' which indicates that specimens of some other 

species were before him. 
Hah. Trinidad. 
a-c. Ad. sk. Trinidad. Salvin-Godman, Gould, 
& Sclater Colls. 
d-h. Ad. sk. (Skins of Trinidad make.) Gould Coll. 

27. Amazilia tohaci. 
Tobago Humming" Bird, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. (2) p. 781. 
Trochilus tobac£ Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 498 {nee Asrrtria tobaci, 
Elliot). 
Trochilus tobagensis, Lath. Lnd. Orn. p. 310. 
Trochilus erythronotus, Jard. Ann. fy Mag. S. H. xx. p. 874. 

Adult. Very similar to that of A, erythronota, but rather larger, the 
bill longer, and the tail more deeply forked ; upper tail-coverts rich 
purple: proximal under tail-coverts purple with bronzy-green tips, 
distal purple, all with dusky edges. Total length about 4 inches, 
wing 2*1, tail 1*4, bill 0*85. 

Very doubtfully distinct from A. erytJironota, but now kept separate 
pending the receipt of additional specimens. 

Hab. Tobago. 

a. Ad. sk Tobago (Kirk). CmnU foil. 
b, c. Ad. sk, Tobago '•* Gould Coll. 
28. Amazilia felicise. 
Ornismya felicise, Less. Rev. ZooL 1840, p, 72. 
Ornismya feliciana, Less. Rev. ZooL 1844, p. 4-*}»l 
Chlorebtes y. Saucerottia felicise, Reich. Artfz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Saucerottia felicise, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1K54, p. 2*35. 
Chlorestes felicise, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 007.ff. 4ooC-7. 
Erythronota felicias, Gould, Mm. Troch. v. pi. 317 (Sept. 1840); id. 


Intr. Troch. p. 161; Scl. # Sab. P. Z. S. 18tf8, p. 629 ; Eudes-DesL 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 422. 
Hemithvlaca felicise, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 38; Heine. 

J.f. dm. 1863, p. 192. 
Ariana feliciae, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 30; link. Hist. Sat. 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 325, iv. p. 185; id. Ami. Soc, Linn. Lyon. xxii, 

p. 207. 
Polytmus felicite7 Gray, Hand-l. R. i p. 132. 
Amazilia felicise, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 234 (?}. 
Adult. Similar to A. erythronota^ but with the tail rather brighter 
steel-blue. 

Most of Dyson's specimens, and one marked "Orinoco57 by 
Gould, have the ander tail-coverts reddish chestnut; but one of the 
former has a feather reddish on one side of the shaft and purple on 
the other! This shows how little value can be attached to this 
character. Another specimen (without locality) has the outermost 

55 . AMVZIL1A.* 
227 
rectrix but one on one side only purple, the rest being of the 

normal colour. This feather I suppose to be an old one, altered by-

exposure to light. 

The colour of the back in this bird varies from reddish coppery to 
green, and it is quite the exception to find a specimen as green as 
represented in Gould's plate. The lighter brighter tail alone seems 
to separate A. felicice from A. erythronota; but the difference is so 
slight that it is more than probable that both these birds and 

A. 
tobaci will have to be placed under one specific name. 
The specimen mentioned by Gould as having purple tips to the 
lateral rectrices is immature. 
Hob. Venezuela. 
a, b. Ad. sk Venezuela. E. Dyson [O.], 
e-e. Ad. sk. Venezuela (Dyson). Goufd Coll. 

f. 
Ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
y. 
Juv. sk. Orinoco. Gould Coll. 
h-j. 
Ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela (Lans-Gould Coll 
berg). 

k. 
Ad. sk. Santa Cruz de Orinoco, Pro v. Gould Coll. 
Barcelona, Venezuela. 
i. Ad. sk. Venezuela ( Goering). vSalvin-Godraan OolL 
m. Ad. sk. Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 
«, o. Ad. sk. Y Gould Coll. 
29. Amazilia elegans. 
Erythronota ? elegans, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 307. 

Erythronota elegans, Gould, Mon. Track, v. pi. 320 (Sept. 1881) ; 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 162. 

Erasinia elegans, Jffeine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 191. 

Arania elegans, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 36, 

Sporadinus incertus, Mids. Hist. Nat Qis.-Mouches, ii. p. 76; Eudes-

DesL Ann. Mus. Cam, i. p. 505. 
Amazilia elegans, Elliot, 8t/n. Troch. p. 226; Sharpe in Gould's Man. 
Troch. SuppL (March 1887). 

Adult Similar to that of A. erythronota, but of a brighter, more 
golden glittering green ; bill shorter and more slender; tail dark 
purple-bronze (not steel-blue) and more deeply forked; under tail-
coverts bronzy green edged with dusky white. 

Hob. Unknown. 

a°uld ColL 

«. Ad. sk. ?
(Type of the species.) 

30. Amazilia cyanifrons. 
Troehilus cyanifrons, Bourc. Ann. 8c. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, vi. p. 42 

(1843); id. Eev. Zool 1843, p. 100. _ 
Thalurania cyanifrons, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77. 
Chlorestes y. Saucerottia cyanifrons, Reich. Aufi. d. Col. p. 8. 
Saucerottia cyanifrons, Bp. Eev. Zo&L 1854, p. 035; Gould, Mon. 

22$ 
TROCHIXI. 

Troch. v. pi. 323 (Sept. 1856); Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 315 ; Wyatt, 

Ibis, 1871, p. 378; Eudes-BeU. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 430. ^ 
Chlorestes cyanifrons, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 701. fr. 4571-2. 
Hemithylaca cyanifrons, Cab. # Seine, Mus. Sein. iii. p. 39 * Gould, 

Intr. Troch. p. 163. 
Eratopis cyanifrons, Seine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 191. 
Ariana cyanifrons, MuU. k Verr. Class. Troch. p. 36* Muls. Sist. 

Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 332, iv. p. 185 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 207. 
Poly turns cyanifrons, Gray, Sand-l. B. i. p. 131. 
Aniazilia cyanifrons., Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 225; Berl J. f. Orn. 
1884, p. 312. 
Pyrrophsena cyanifrons, Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 332. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, shading into 
dusky on the rump and shorter tail-coverts, and then into steel-blue 
on the longer coverts; croyrn shining dark blue; under surface 
glittering grass-green; under tail-coverts dusky, washed with a 
shade of blue and edged with whitish ; tail steel-blue : maxilla 
black; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 3*7 
inches, wing 2-2, tail 1*3, bill 7*05. 

Female. Similar to the male, but with the crown duller blue and 
the under surface duller green. 
Sab. Colombia. 


a, b. $ ad. sk. Herradura, Colombia (Wyatt). Salvin-Godnitm Coll. 
c-1. <$ ad.; m-f. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
5 ad. sk. Gould Colls. 


56. FLOEIC0LA. 
T^pe. 
Floricola, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 82 (1879) F. longirustris. 
Heliomaster, and., nee Bp. 

Heliomastes, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251. 
Range. Southern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, 
Trinidad, Amazons Valley, Guiana. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Crown glittering bluish green. 
a\ Under tail-coverts brownish black tipped with 
white. Imgirmiris, p. 229. 
b'. Under tail-coverts greyish white alhkrma, p. 231. 

b. Crown bronzy green like the back. 
c. 
Glittering fiery spot of the throat wide, chin 
narrowly black. .. constant it p, 231. 
d'. Glittering fiery spot of the throat narrow", 
chin broadly black leocardim, p. 2^2. 

56. PL0E1C0LA. 
229 

1. Floricola longirostris. 
Oiseaux-Mouche a long Bee, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 128, pi. 50. 
Trochilus lousnrostris, Vielll. N. Diet. d'Hist N. vii. p. 366 ; id. Enc. 
Meth. p. 566 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 137. 
Trochilus superbus, Shatv, Nat. Misc. xiii. pi. 517; id. Gen. Zool 

viii. p. 323, pi. 41. f. 2; id. PI. Col. 299. f. 1; Less. Lid. Gen. 
Troth, p. xix. 
Omismya superba, Less. Mist. Nat Ois.-Mouehes, pp. xxv, 40, pi. 2; 
id. Suppl. Ois.-Moriches, p. 164, pi. 33. 
Omismya longirostris, oV Orb.fy Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 29. 
Helioniaster longirostris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 70; Gould, Mon. Troch. 

iv. pi. 259 (May 1853); id. Intr. Troch p. 138 j id. P. Z. S. 1870, 
p. 803; Scl. P. Z. S. 1856, p. 140, 1857, p. 16; id. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 310; Salv. Ibis, 1860, pp. 195, 263, 276, 1869, p. 316, 1885, 
p. 435; id. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 155,1870, p. 210; Cab. $• Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iii. p. 54; B. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1863, p. 92; Pelz. Orn. Bras. 
p. 31; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 126; Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, 
p. 562; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 753, 979, 1873, p. 288, 
1879, p. 530; Mute. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 215; Elliot, 
Lbis, 1877, p. 138; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 38; BerL J.f.O.n. 
1887, p. 321. 
Selasphoms y. Heliomaster longirostris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Ileliomastes longirostris, Bp, Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251; Mills. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 271, iv. p. 211. 
Ileliomabter sclateri, Cab.ty Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 54; Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 310 ; Gould, Intr, Troch. p. 139 ; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 

viii. p. 4, ix. p. 126. 
Heliomaster pallidiceps, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 139; Scl. Cat. Am. 
B. p. 310; Salv. Ibis, 1866, p. 205, 1869, p. 316,1872, p. 320; id. 
Cat StrickL Coll. p. 367; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 126; 
id. Bull. U.S. Nat Mus. no. 4, p. 32 ; de Oca, La Nat iii. p. 27; 
Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mottches, ii. p. 275, iv. p. 211; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 215, 
Heliomaster stewartse, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 291; Gould, 
Ibis, 1860, p. 309; id. Intr. Troch. p. 138 ; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 310; 
Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365. 

Trochilus stuartse, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 137. 
Mellisuga longirostris, Liotaud, Ois. Trin. p. 147. 
Trochilus palfidicens, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 137. 
Floricola longirostris, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 83. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, tinged with 
bronze on the nape and upper tail-coverts; an irregular white 
patch on the lower back; crown glittering bluish green, a postocular 
spot, rictal stripe, a patch on the flanks, and middle of the 
abdomen pure white; chin black; a large gular patch glittering 
rosy red; breast and sides of the abdomen grey, flanks tinged with 
shining green; under tail-coverts greyish at the base, a wide subterminal 
greenish-black band, and tips white ; tail, central rectrices 
bronzy green, rest greenish at the base, steel-blue towards the end, 
and tipped with white; bill black. Total length about 4-6 inches, 
wing 2*3, tail 1*25, bill 1*45. 

Female. Crown like the back, rictal btripe wider, throat black, 

230 
TROCHILI. 

each feather edged with white, and sometimes interspersed with 
glittering red feathers. 

Young males are like the female, the rosy-red feathers of the 
throat gradually increase in number, and generally become fully 
developed before the glittering feathers of the crown appear. 

Of the names given to this bird II. Jonr/irostris applies to that of 
Venezuela, Trinidad, and the whole of the Amazons region and 
Guiana, H. steiuarice to that of Colombia, H. sclateri to that of 
Costa Kica, and IL palMdicej)S to that of Mexico. The only one of 
these that appears to have any substantial claims to recognition is 
the last. The paler green, less blue erown are said to distinguish 
it, and certainly the Mexican birds have this distinctive character 
when compared with others of the typical Trinidad form. But the 
transition between one and the other seems complete, 

Ifab. Mexico, southwards to Colombia, Venezuela, Guiana, and 
the Amazons Valley. 

a. (S ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (de Oca). Gould Coll. 
(T}pe of H.pallidiceps, Gould.) 
b. S ad. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (Boucard). Gould Coll. 
c. S juv. sk Mexico. 
Gould Coll. 
d, e. $ 
ad. &k. Sierra de San Domingo, Teh-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
uantepec, Mexico, April 

( W. B. Bichardson). 
f. Q ad. sk. Santana, Peten, April 1802 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(0. S.). ^ 
0, h. $ ad. sk. Las Salinas, Guatemala Salvin - Godman & 
(O. 8.). 
Sclater Collb. 
hj- 
c?ad. ; hjL J K-etalkuleu, Guatemala, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (O. &). 

m. <5 ad.; n. J ad. DueSas, Guatemala, Xov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (0. #.). 
o-q, S ad. sk. Guatemala. Gould Coll. 
r, s, $ ad.; t. $ Chontales, Nicaragua (T. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

juv. &k. Belt), 

u. *<$ juv. sk. Bebedero, Nicoya, Costa Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Kica (Arce). 
v. Jad.;zr. 5 ad. sk. Tucuiriqm,CostaRica(-4r^). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
T, y. <$ ad. sk. Ckiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z. 
<$ ad.; a'. £ Cordillera del Chucu, PanaSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. ma {Arce). 
b'. S ^d. sk. Laguna de Castillo, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Arci). 
c'. $ ad. sk. Chitra, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d\ <$ juv. sk. Cordillera de Tole, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Arc£). 
«',/'. 6 ad. sk. Calovevora, Panama (Arce), Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

(f. 3 juv. sk. Santa Fe, Panama (Arce), Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Ky i' <$ ad. sk. Veraguas ( Warszeiciez). Gould Coll. 
f-V <$ juv. sk. Lion Hill, Panama (Mc-Salvin - Godman & 
Leannan). Sclater Colls. 
<$ ad. bk. Panama Railway (Ared). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
cJ ad. sk. Parai.so Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Arce). 

56. FLORICOLA. 
o'. c5*ad. sk. Ohepo, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p'. <$ ad. 5 q'. § ad. Baranquilla, Colombia {Pip-Sclater Coll. 
sk. pon). 
r'-w'. c? ad.; a'. $ Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
ad. sk. Gould,&SclaterColls. 

w'. $ ad. sk. Balzar Mts., W. Ecuador Salvin-Godman Coll. 
r (IllingiDorth). 

x. tf juv. sk. Canelos, Ecuador {Buckley). Gould Coll. 
y], s'.'c? juv. sk. Napo, Ecuador {Jameson). Gould Coll. 
«"-c". <5 ad. sk. Pebas, Ainazons, 20 April Salvin - Godman & 
(J. Hauxwell). Gould Colls. 
<2". J juv. sk. Iquitos, Amazons, Oct. (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
WMtely).
e". $ juv. sk. Engenbo do Gaina, Matto Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Grosso, Sept. (/. Natterer). 
/ " $ ad. sk. Merume' Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (H. WMtely). 
(/", h". <$ ad. sk. Rorairna, Brit. Guiana, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
& Nov. (H. JT.). 
i"-l" 
(S ad.; m". Trinidad. Savin - Godman & 
<$ juv. sk. Gould Colls. 

2. Floricola albicrissa. 
Ileliomaster albicrissa, Gould, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 504; Muls. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 215; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 745 ; Perl. 
ty Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 567, 1885, p. 105; Sharpe in Gould's 
Mm. Troch. Suppl (April 1885). 

Heliomastes albicrissa, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 274. 
Floricola albicrissa, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 83. 

Very similar to F. longirostris, but with the crown paler glittering 
bluish green, almost as in Mexican specimens; the gular spot 
redder, less rosy, and the under tail-coverts greyish white. 

Hab. Ecuador. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Citado, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
h. S ad. sk. Ecuador. 
Purchased. 
c. (S juv. sk. Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
4. Floricola constanti. 
Trochilus constant!, Delattre, Echo du Monde Savant, 1843, p. 1069. 
Selasphorus y. Heliomaster constanti, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Heliomastes constanti, Pp. Pev. ZooL 1854, p. 251; Muls. Hist. Nat 

Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 269, pi. 57, iv. p. 210. 

Heliomaster constanti, Gould, Mm. Troch. iv. pi. 260 (May 1853); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 140; Scl. 8f Sato. Ibis, 1859, p. 129 ; Sato. Ibis, 
1860, p. 263 j id. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 367; Cab. §• Heine, Mus.Hein. 

iii. p. 54 j Muls. $* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 26; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. 
N. Y. ix. p. 126 ; id. Bull. U.S. Nat Mus. no. 4, p. 32 ; v. Frantz. 
J.f.O.n. 1869, p. 317; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 26. 
Floricola constanti, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 84. 
Adult nude. Upper surface, including the crown, shining bronzy 

232 
TROCHILT. 

green; an irregular white patch on the rump ; a white rietal stripe 
on either side of a glittering fiery-red throat: ehin black, the feathers 
as well as those of the gular spot edged with dusky white; middle 
of the abdomen white; rest of the under surface grey, flanks tinged 
with shining green and with a white patch ; under tail-coverts 
dusky brown tipped with white, central rectrices bronzy green, 
lateral with a wide subterminal black band, white tips, and 
greyish at the base on the inner webs ; bill black. Total length 
about 5 inches, wing 2*7, tail 1*45, bill 1*5. 

Female. Like the male, but the bright gular spot either smaller 
or altogether absent. 
Hah. Central America, from Guatemala to Costa Bica. 

a. J ad. sk. San Geronimo, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b-d. S ad.;
sk. 
e. Juv. 
Xov. 1860 (0. &). 
Guatemala. Sah in-GodmanGould Colls. 
& 
/ ; fh 6 ad.; h, L 
Juv. sk. 
Bebedero, Xicoya, 
Iiica (Arce). 
Cu^ta Salvin-Godmanfcclater Colls. 
& 

4. Floricola leocardise. 
Trochilus leocardise, Bourc. Ann. Sc. Rhys, et Nat. Lyon, {'2) h\ 
p. 141 (183:2). 
Heliomaster pinicola, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 201 (May 16o3) ; 
de Oca, La Nat. i. p. 299. 
Selasphorns y. Heliomaster pinicola, Reieh. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Heliomastes leocardia, Bp. Rev. Zml 16-54, p. 2-31. 
Heliomaster leocardise, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 140 ; Scl. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 310; Muls. §* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 20; Lawr. Mtm. Bost. 
8oc. N. H. iL p. 202; id. Bull. U.S. Nat, Mus. no. 4, p. 32 ; Mvls. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 20. 
Florieola leocardise, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 84. 
Heliomastes leocardiae, Muls. Hist. Xat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 276. 


Very like F. constanti, but with the fiery gular spot much smaller, 
the black of the chin spreading further down. 
Hal. Mexico, chiefly on the western side. 

a. d 
juv. sk. Sierra de Alamos, Sonora, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
llw(W. Lloytl). 
b. <$ ad. sk. Presidio de Mazatlan, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mexico, Feb. (A Forrer). 
c,d. 
c? juv.; e9f. ? Bolanos, Jalisco, Feb. (W. Salvin-Godman ColL 
ad.; g, h. Juv. sk. B. Richa?'dson). 

i. $ 
ad. sk. Valley of Mexico (Le Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Strange). 
j, 
h. <$ ad. sk. Dos Arroyos, Guerrero,Sept. Salvin-Godman ColL 
& Oct:(Mrs.H.H.Smith). 

I. $ 
ad. sk. Rio Papagaio, Guerrero,Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. H. H. S.). 
m. 
3 ad. sk. Alto de Camaron, Guerrero, Salvin-Godman ColL 
Oct. (Mrs. II, U.S.). 
n, 
(5 ad. sk. Venta de Pelegrino, GuerSahm-
Godnum ColL 
rero, Oct. (Mrs.ILII.S.l 

57. CYANOPHAIA. 
233 

o. $ ad.; p. tf juv.; Mexico (Floresi). Would Coll. 
g\ J ad. sk. (Typeb of II, pinivola, Gould.) 
r. 
$ ad.; s-u. $ Mexico (Floresi). " Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 
v. S 
juv. sk. Chimalapa, Teliuantepec, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mar. (W.B. Richardson). 
57. CYANOPHAIA. 
Type. 

Cyanophaia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 (1834). 
Lepidopyga, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 7. 
Cklorolampis (Emilia), Mute. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 41 


(1865) 
C. goudoti. 

Range. Colombia, including the State of Panama; Costa Eica. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throat and chest, glittering violet-blue; abdomen 
shining green cceruleigularis, p. 233. 
b. Throat, chest, and abdomen glittering golden 
or bluish green. 
a. 
Under surface glittering golden green; 
under tail-coverts green, edged with white, goudoti, p. 234. 
b'. Under surface glittering bluish green; under 
tail-coverts dark green, edged with grey.. luminosa, p. 235. 

1. Cyanophaia cseroleigularis. 
Trochilus ( ?) caeruleigularis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 163. 
Trochilus duchaissingii, Bourc. Compt. Rend, xxxii. p. 187 (1851). 
Hylocharis /3. Cyanophaia duchaissingi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10. 
Agyrtria §. Oyanochloris caeruleigularis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10. 
Hylocharis ]3. Cvanophaia caerulescens, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; 

id. Troch. Enum. p. 8. pi. 770. f. 4785. 
Sapphironia duchaissingi, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 256. • 
Happhironia caeruleigularis, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 256; Gould, Mon. 

Troch. v. pi. 346 (May 1860); id. Intr. Troch. p. 172; Scl. $ 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365; Sah. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 156, 1870, 

p. 211, 1883, p. 425; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. T. ix. p. 128; Wyatt, 
Ibis, 1871, p. 378. 
Agyrtria y. Lepidopygia caeruleogularis, Reich. Troch. Fnum. p. 7, 
pi. 764. ft. 4768-70. 
Thalurania cselina, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1856, p. 552. 
Lepidopygia caeruleigularis, Cab. fy Heine,^ Mus. Hein. iii. p. 40; 

Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 68, iv. p. 197; id. Ann. Soc. 

Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208. 
Hylocharis caeruleigularis, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38. 
Polytnras caeruleogularis, Gh'ay, Hand-l. B. i. p. 131. 
Cyanophaia caeruleigularis, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 238; Eudes-Ded. 

"Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 494. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; throat and chest 
glittering violet-blue, shading Into glittering green on the sidet>; 

234 TR0CHIL1. 

abdomen shining green; under tail-coverts shining green, edged 

•with white ; tail steel-blue, the middle rectrices bronzy green : 
maxilla black ; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length 
about 4 inches, wing 1'9; tail, central rectrices 1, lateral 1*35; 
bill 0-85. 
Female. Tipper surface shining green, crown darker; under 
surface white, sides of the neck washed with bluish green, the chest 
and flanks with green ; under tail-coverts nearly white, with indistinct 
greenish discs; tail steel-blue, the lateral rectrices tipped 
with greyish white, the middle rectrices above green like the back. 

Hab. Northern Colombia, Panama, and Costa Pica. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Costa Rica. Gould Coll. (Type 
b. J ad. sk. Lag una del Castillo, Panama 
(Arce). 
of species.) 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 
c, d. <$ ad. sk. Castillo (Arce). Salvin-Godman & 
e. J ad. sk. Cordillera del Chucu {Arce). 
Gould Colls. 
Salvin-Godruan Coll. 
f~i. $ ad. sk. Calobre (Arce). Salvin-Godman & 
j , J ad. sk. Santa Fe (Arce). 
Gould Colls. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k. (S ad. sk. 
1 tf ad. sk. 
Veraguas (IVarszetciez). 
Paraiso Station, Panama 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
m. <3 ad. sk. 
(Hughes). 
Lion Kill Station (McLean-Salvin-Gudman Coll. 
n. $ ad. sk. 
o. S ad. sk. 
nan). 
Colon (A. IIp 
MarMam). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll 

2. Cyanophaia goudoti. 
TrocMlus goudoti, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1843, p. 100: id. Ann. 8e. Phys. 

et Nat. Lyon, vi. p. 47 (1843). 
Saucerottia goudoti, Bp. Coasp. Ai\ i. p. 77. 
Agyrtria d. Chalybura goudoti, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 10. 
Hylocharis goudoti, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 23o. 
Agyrtria y. Lepidopvgia sroudoti, Reich. Troch. E/ium. p, 7, pi. 70S. 

ff. 4765-6. 
Sapphironia goudoti, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 345 (May 16O0); id. 
Inir. Troch. p. 172. 
Lepidopvgia goudoti, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. ill. p. 41; ScL Cat. 

Am. lp . 317; Berl. J. f. Orn. 1887, p. 333. 
Chrysolampis (Emilia) goudoti, Muk. 4* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 41. 
Emilia goudoti, ^Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, ii. p. 64; id. Ann. 

Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208. 
Polytmus goudoti, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 131. 
Cyanophaia goudoti, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 230; Euies-Ded. Ann. 

Mus. Caen, i. p. 406. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green ; under surface 
glittering golden green, the middle of the throat tinged with bluish 
green; under tail-coverts shining green, edged with white ; tail 
steel-blue, the middle rectrices above bronzy green ; maxilla black; 

58 . DAMOPHILA. 
mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 3*6 inches, 
wing 2 ; tail, central rectrices 0*9, lateral 1*3. 
Female ? Similar to the male, but with the middle of the abdomen 
white, and the under tail-coverts nearly pure white. 

I am not sure that the birds described as females may not be 
immature males. If so, the true female of this species is unknown 
to me. 

Hah. Colombia. 

a-l. <$ ad.; m. <$ juv.; Colombia (Bogota make"). Salvin-Godman & 
n,o. $? ad.sk. ' Gould Colls. 

3. Cyanophaia luminosa. 
Sapphironia luminosa, Later. Ami. Lye, N. Y. vii. p. 458. 

Lepidopygia luminosa, Heine, J.f.O.n. 18(53, p. 194; Muls. Hist. 

Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 87. 

Cyanophaia luminosa, Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 339; Eudes-Desl. Ann. 

"Mm. Caen, i. p. 498 ; Berl. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mits. xi. p. 563. 

Emilia luminosa, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208. 

Cyanophaia cseruleigularis, Ridgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. hi. p. 319 

(partini,jfote Berlepsch). 

u Upper plumage glittering grass-green, inclining to golden on 
the rump, the crown not so bright and of a very deep green; entire 
under surface of a very brilliant bluish green, the sides of the neck 
golden-orange; tail forked and of a rich steel-blue, the two middle 
feathers green like the rump, the next feather bronzed on the outer 
web at the end; wings dull purple ; under tail-coverts deep green, 
very narrowly edged with bluish white ; thighs clothed with greyish-
white feathers: upper mandible black, under yellowish, with the 
end black ; feet and claws black. Length 3-75 inches, wing 1*85,, 
bill 0-73, tail 1-25. 

"Hob. Colombia." (Lawrence, I. s. c.) 

I am unacquainted with this bird, which appears to be closely 
related to 0. goudoti, but recognized as distinct by Count v. 
Berlepsch. 

58. DAMOPHILA. 
Type. 
Coeligena (B. Damophila, Peich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7 D. juliae, 
Juliamyia, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 

Range. Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador. 

Damophila has been applied by Elliot and others to Troohtlus 
amahilis, Gould; but, on the whole, it seems better to keep it for 
this genus and use Heine's title Polyerata for T. amabilis. The 
question may be argued either way, but I prefer to use these names 
in the same sense as Count Berlepsch. 

236 
TROCHILI. 

Key to the Specks. 

a. Crown glittering green like the throat Julia, p. 236, 
h. Crown shining green like the back panamensis, p. 237. 
1. Damophila jiiliae. 
Omismyia julie, Bourc. Rev. ZooL 1842, p. 373 ; id. Ann. Sc. Phys. et 

Nat Lyon, v. p. 345, pi. 21 (1842). 
Ornisrnyia feliciana, Less. Rev. ZooL 1844, p. 433. 
Coeligena /3. Damophila julia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7 ; id. Truck. 

Enum. p. 3, pi. 681. ff. 4494-5. 

Juliarnyia typica, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 2o-rj; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. 
pL 337 (Sept. 1859) ; id. lair. Troch. p. 168: Sal. P. Z. S. 1860, 
pp.253, 296; Scl § Salv.P.Z.S. 1879, p. 530; BerL Pr. U.S. 
Nat. Mus. xi. p. 563. 

Juliarnyia julise, Cass. Pr. Ac. Philad. 1860, p. 194; JEudes-Desl. 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 463. 
Damophila julia, Cab. $* Heine, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 40: ScL Cat. Am. 

B. p. 316; Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 194; Wyatt, Mis, 1»71, 
p. 378 ; MuU. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 50, pi. 34, iv. p. 193; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208; BerL J. f. Orn. 1.^84, 
p. 312, 1887, p. 333. 
Juiiarnya feliciana, Gould, Lntr. Troch p. 168; BerL # Tacz. P.Z.S. 
1883, p. 568, 1884, p. 306; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 233; Eudes-
Desl. Ann. Miis. Caen, i. p. 466. 

Damophila 
feliciana, ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 310; Heine, J. f. Orn. 
1863, p. 193; Muls. $ Terr. Clms. Troch. p. 38; Mub. Eht Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 00., iv. p. 193 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 208. 
Hylocharis feliciana, Gray, Hand-I. B. i. p. 151. 
Hylocharis julise, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 151. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining green, shading into bronzy 
green on the lower back and upper tail-coverts : crown and throat 
glittering grass-green; entire abdomen glittering violet-blue; under 
tail-coverts and tail steel-blue: maxilla black ; mandible flesh-colour, 
the tip black. Total length about 3-2 inches, wing 1-65. tail 1*2, 
bill 0-65. 

Female. Upper surface shining grass-green ; under surface 
greyish white; under tail-coverts dusky; tail steel-blue, lateral 
rectrices tipped with grey. 

Hab. Colombia, Isthmus of Darien, and Ecuador. 

a, b. <S ad.; c. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
? ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
d, e. <$ ad. sk. Balzar Mts., Ecuador (lilingSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
worth). 
f.$2L&.;g.($
juv.; h. $ ad. 
Guayaquil, Ecuador (Delattre). Salvin-Godman 
Gould Colls. 
& 
sk. 
i, j . <^ ad.; k.
? ad. sk. 
Babahoyo, Ecuador (Eraser), Gould 
Colls. 
& Sclater 
l-?t. <<$ ad . sk . [Ecuador.] Gould Coll. 

59. P0LYEBAT1. 
237 

2. Damophila panamensis. 
Juliamyia typica, Laior. Ann. Lite. N. Y. vii. p. 292 (nee Bp.), ix. 
p. 128 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 233. 
Damophila Julias, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365; Salv. P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 211 {nee Bourc). 
Damophila 
panamensis, Berl J.f Orn. 1884, p. 313; id. Pr. U.S. 
Nat. Mus. xi. p. 563. 

Adult male. Very similar to that of D. julice, but with the crown 
shining green like the back, not glittering like the throat. 
Hob. Isthmus of Panama. 

a-d. $ ad.; e,f Lion Hill, Panama (Mc- Salvin-Godman, Sclater, 
$ ad. sk. Leamian). & Gould Colls. 

g. 
j ad. j h. $ Paraiso Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (Hughes). 
i,j. 
c? ad.; k. Line of Railway, Panama Salvin-Godman & Gould 
? ad. sk. (Arce). Colls. 

1. $ 
ad. sk. Cnepo, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
59. PQLYEEATA. 
Type. 
Polyerata, Heme, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 194 P. amabilis. 
Coeligena /3. Bamophila, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7(partim). 
Damophila, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 341 (1859); Elliot, 

Syn. Troch. p. 233. 

Range. Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Bill short ; crown glittering green; upper tail-
coverts purple-bronze amabilis, p. 237. 
b. Bill longer; crown and nape glittering green j upper 
tail-coverts dark shining green decora, p. 238. 
1. Polyerata amabilis. 
Trochilus ( ?) amabilis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 115. 
Coeligena £. Damophila amabilis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id Troch. 
Enum. p. 3, pi. 681. if. 4496-7. 
Juliamyia amabilis, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255; Scl. P. Z. S. 1860, 

p. 296. 
Damophila amabilis, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. p. 341 (Sept. 1859); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 170; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 40; Later. 
Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 292, ix. p. 128; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, 


p. 365,1879, p. 530; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38; Bouc. 
P. Z. S. 1878, p. 71; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 234; Eudes-Desl Ann. 
Mm. Caen, i. p. 467. 
Polyerata amabilis, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 194; Mtds. Hist. JSTaU 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 52, iv. p. 193 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 208; Berl. J.f Orn. 1884, p. 312, 1887, p. 333. 
Ilylocharis amabilis, Gray, Hand-l. B. \. p. 150. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; upper tail


238 
TROCHILI. 

coverts purple-bronze; crown arid sides of the throat glittering 

green, middle of the throat black; breast glittering blue; abdomen 

grey; flanks green; under tail-coverts dark fuscous, edged with 

whitish grey, central rectrices reddish bronze, lateral steel-blue .* 

maxilla black ; mandible, except the tip, flesh-colour. Total length 

about 3*0 inches, wing 2*1, tail 1*15, bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Upper surface, including the crown, shining grass-

green ; upper tail-coverts and central rectrices as in the male ; 

under surface greyish white, each feather of the throat with a green 

discal spot; lateral rectrices tipped with greyish white. 

Hub. Costa Bica and Panama (except Chiriqui); Colombia and 

Ecuador. 

a, b. c? ad.; c. Costa Rica (Eiidres). tealvin-Godman & 
? ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
d} e. $ ad. sk. Line of Railway, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Arce). 
f,g. <$ ad.; /?? Lion Hill, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman, Gould. 

i. 2 ad. sk. 
& Sclater Colls. 
j, 
k, $ ad. sk. Paraiso Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Hughes). 

I. $ 
ad.; m. $> Ohepo, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll 
ad. sk. 
n. 
d ad. sk. Antioquia, Colombia (Sal-Salvin-Godman PoL. 
man), 
o. <$ ad. sk. Quindiu Mts., Colombia Gould Coll. 
(Wavszewiez). 
p-t. $ ad.; u. Colombia (Bogota make), Salvin-Godman & 
tfjuv.; o,w. Gould Colls. 
2 ad. sk. 

x,y. 
S ad. sk. Esmeraldas, Ecuador Gould Coll. 
(Fraser). 

z. 
(S ad. sk. Balzar Alts., Ecuador (Tiling Salvin-Godman Coll. 
worth). 
2. Polyerata decora. 
Damophila amabilis, Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 211 (?zec Gould). 
Adult male. Similar to that of P. amabilis, but the bill longer, 
the glittering feathers of the crown extended to the nape, and the 
upper tail-coverts and central rectrices dark shining green, without 
reddish or purple shade. Length of bill 1*1 inch. 

Adult female has also a long bill, and upper tail-coverts and 
central rectrices dark green without purple shade. 

I have long hesitated to separate this bird from P. amabilis, but 
am now convinced of its distinctness. Its range is probably very 
restricted, and confined to the western slopes of the Volcano of 
Chiriqui. On the eastern side the range of P. amabilis is probably 
continuous from Costa Rica to Panama. 

Hab. Chiriqui. 

a, b. <$ ad.; c. $ Volcan de Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. (Types of species.) 
d, e. S ad. sk. Bugaba, Chiriqui (Arci), Gould Coll. 

GO. ETTCEPHAIA. 
239 

60. EUCEPHALA. 
Type, 
Hylocliaris y. Eucephala, Reich. Auf. d. Col. p. 10 E. grayi. 
Chlorestes, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7 E. cserulea. 
Clirysolampis (Halia), Muls. $• Terr. Class. Trock p. 41.. E. cserulea. 
Ulysses, Muls. Ann. hoc. Linn. Lyon, sxii. p. 208 ; id. 

Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 41 
E. grayi. 

Range. Tropical South America. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Crown glittering blue 
grayi, P* 239. 
b. Crown glittering greenish blue. 
a'. Throat and breast glittering green smaragdmea, p. 240. 
b'. Throat and breast glittering bluish green.. pyropygia, p. 241. 
c. Crown glittering green 
chlorocephala, p. 241. 
c1. Under surface glittering golden green. 
a". Larger cm-idea, p. 241. 
b". Smaller cyanogenys, p. 243. 


d. 
Crown dull dark green. 
d'. Throat and breast glittering bluish given. 
c". Central rectrices steel-blue ; sides of the 
interscapulium blue scapu/ata, p. 243, 
d" Central rectrices purple-bronze; interscapulium 
wholly green ccendeo-lavafa, p. 244. 
er. Throat and breast glittering blue. 
e". Upper tail-coverts reddish bronze hypocyanea, p. 244. 
/" . Upper tail-coverts dull green subccernlea, p. 244. 

1. Eucephala grayi. 
Trochilus grayi, Delattre <§* Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 307. 
Hylocharis grayi, Bp. Co?isp. A v. i. p. 74; Muls. Sf Verr. Class. 
Trock p. 38; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 148. 
Hylocharis y. Eucephala grayi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10 ; id. Trock 

JSnum. p. 8, pi. 772. if. 4789-91. 
Sapphironia grayi, Bp. R. Z. 1854, p. 256. 
Eucephala grayi, Gould, Mon. Trock v. pi. 330 (Sept. 1857); id. 

Intr. Trock p. 166 ; Cab.fy Heine, Mm. Hem. iii. p. 43 ; Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 316; JElliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 88; id. Syn. Trock p. 228; 
JEudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 451. 

Ulysses grayi, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 41, iv. p. 192 ; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green; crown and 
entire head glittering blue; rest of the under surface glittering 
golden green; under tail-coverfcs dull green, edged with greyish 
white : tail steel-blue; bill flesh-colour at the base, black at the 
tip. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*35, tail 1*3, bill 1-1. 


lemale. Upper surface shining golden green, dull on the crown ; 
under surface greyish white, the feathers of the sides of the neck 
and flanks with shining green discs; under tail-coverts greyish 


240 
TROCHILT. 

white ; tail steel-blue, the lateral feathers with greyish-white tips ; 
maxilla black, mandible flesh-colour at the base. 
JEtab. Ecuador. 


a. $ 
ad.; b. § Popayan, Colombia (Delattre). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
c. <3 ad.; d. 5 Near Pasto, Colombia (Leh- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. mann). 
e. $ ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/, g. S ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. tfad.; i. 5 Ecuador (Tillagomez). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
j1 k. tf ad.; I- Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 


n. S juv. sk. 
Gould Colls. 
2. Eucephala smaragdinea. 
Augasma smaragdineum, Gould, P. Z. S. I860, p. 305. 

Eucephala smaragdo-cserulea, Gould, Man. Troch. v. pi. 331 (July 
1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 106; Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 19.3'; 
Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 86; id. Syn. Troch. p. 229. 

Chrysolampis 
(Eucephala) smaragdocserulea, Muls. fy Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. 41. 
Eucephala sruaragdinea, Mub. Hist. Nat. Ois.-MoueJws1 ii. p. 37, iv. 

p. 101; JEudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 458. 
Timolia lerchi, Sah. $ Godm. Ibis, 1881, p. 596 (nee Muls. fy Verr.Y) ; 
Sharpe in Gould's Mon. Troch. Suppl. pi. 57 (April 1685) K 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, rather darker 
and more bronzy on the lower back; crown glittering greenish 
blue; under surface glittering green, slightly bluer on the chin; 
under tail-coverts dark shining green; tail steel-blue: maxilla 
black; mandible flesh-colour, tip black. Total length about 4 inches, 
wing 2-1; tail, central rectrices 1*15, lateral 1*4; bill 0*85. 


Female. Upper surface shining grass-green; crown reddish bronze; 
under surface, including the under tail-coverts, grey, flanks washed 
with golden green : lateral rectrices tipped with grey, central pair 
green with a terminal dark bar. 

Young male. Central rectrices tipped with green, the lateral with 
grey. 
Hob. Brazil. 

* 
TIMOLIA LERCHI. 
Thalurania lerchi, Muls. 8c Verr. Ann. Boo. Linn. Lyon, xviii. p 109 
(1870-71); Sain. # Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 3(50. 
Timolia lerchi, Muls. 4" Verr. Cat. Ois.-Mouches, p. 23; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 232. 
Eucephala lerchi, Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 264 ; Muls. Hist. Wat. O is.-3fouches, 
iv. p. 191, pi. 120; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 459. 
I believe this bird to be the same as Eucephala smaragdinea, but hesitate to 
unite them from the evidence of the specimens before me. That the specimen 
described in 'The Ibis' (1881, p. 596), and afterwards figured by Shaipe as 
Ti/iwlia lerchi, belongs to E. smaragdinea I am certain, having now compared it 
with the type of the latter; but I am not so confident that the first determination 
was correct. 

60 . TUTTCEPHUi*. 241 
a. S ad. sk.
b. S juY.sk.
o. $ ad. sk. 
[Brazil] 
Novo Fribourgo,
Brazil {Reeves). 
Brazil. 
Pro v. Eio, 
8alvin-Groduiaa Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
Gould Coll. 

3. Eucephala pyropygia. 
Eucephala pyropygia, Sale. § Godm. Ibis, 1881, p. 506, pi. 16; Sharpe 
in GoulcTs Mon. Troch. SuppL (Jan. 1883). 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, shading into 
reddish bronze on the rump and purple-bronze on the upper tail-
coverts ; crown glittering bluish green ; breast glittering blue, 
shading into green on the sides of the neck and middle of the 
abdomen ; flanks shining green ; under tail-coverts coppery green; 
tail steel-blue; bill black. Total length about 3 4 inches, wing 1*9, 
tail (nearly even) 1*1, bill 0*9. 

Hob. ? 

a. cj ad. sk, ? Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
4. Eucephala chlorocephala. 
Hylocharis cklorocephalus, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 457; Rpt Rev, 

Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Agyrtria chlorocephala, Reich. Troch. JEnttm, p. 7. 
Lepidopygia chlorocephala, Cab. $• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 40. 
Eucephala chlorocephala, Gould, Mon. TrocJi. v. pi. 332 (July 1861) 5 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 166; Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 88 ; id. Syn. Troch. 

p. 231: Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 29, iv. p. 189; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208; Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, 
i. p, 452. 
Chrysolanipis (Eucephala) chlorocephala, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. 
p. 41. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining green, upper tail-coverts 
slightly tinged with bronze; crown glittering green, slightly tinged 
with blue; under surface glittering grass-green ,• longer under tail-
coverts dingy white, with dark shafts; shorter coverts dingy white, 
with green discs ; tail steel-blue; bill brown, base of the mandible 
flesh-colour. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*1; tail, central 
rectrices 1*1, lateral 1*4; bill 0*95. 

Hah Ecuador? 

a. 
$ ad. sk. u Guaranda, Ecuador" (J. Boarder). Gould Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
5. Eucephala csernlea. 
L'Oiseau-Mouche a goisier bleu, And. Ois. Dor. i. p. 99, pi. 40. 
Trochilus caeruleus, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. N. vii. p. 361; id. JEnc, 
Meth. p. 563. 
Ornismya audeberti, Less. Hist, Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxx, 164, 
pi. 51. 
Trochilus audeberti, Less. Ind. GSn. Troch. p. xxxvii; Wied, Beit)\ 

iv. p. 67. 
VOL. XVI. B 
242 
TKOCHILI, 

Hylockaris eserulea, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114; id. Eand-l B. i. p. 148; 

Hot. Ois. Trin. p. 150 (1866) ; Feb. Om.Bras. p. 03. 
Thaumatias cseruleus, Bp. Consp. Av. I. p. 78. 
Glilorestes cseralea, Eeich Aufz. d. Col. p. 7; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 4, pi. 69. ft. 4534-5; Cab. $ Seine, 3Ius. Hein. Hi. p. 46; 
Heine, J.f.O.i. 1863, p. 196. 
Hylockaris audeberti, Burm. 8ysi. Ueb. ii. p. 849. 
Eueepkala eserulea, Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 335 (Sept. 1857): id. 

Intr. Troch. ^.167; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Phil 1800, p. 194; Scl. Cat 
Am. B. p. 310; JE. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1863. p. 92: Set. $ Salv. 

P. Z. S. 1866, p. 195,1867, pp. 584=, 753, 979.1&73, p. 2*0: Zca/ard, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 3^8; Elliot, Ibis, 1S74, p. 89; id. Sya. Troth, p. i^JO ; 
Muls. Hist. Xai. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 31,ir. p. 189: id. Ann. Sot. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208 ; Eudes-JDesl Ann. Mv*. Cam. i. p. 453; 
Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 348; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1^2, p. 40: id. Or a. Per. 
i. p. 410. 
Ohrysolanipis (Ilalia) eserulea, Muls. 4* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 41. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining green; uncLr surface 
glittering golden green, with a shade of blue on the chin; under 
tail-coverts shining green; tail steel-blue: bill black, mandible, 
except the tip, flesh-colour. Total length about 4 inches, ^ing 1*9, 
tail 1*25, bill 0*8. 


Female. Under surface white, each feather of the throat with a 
green discal spot, which become* smaller towards the chin ; tiankb 
green; outer rectrix tipped with grey. 


Hah. South America generally from Eastern Ecuador, Venezuela, 
and Guiana to Eastern Brazil; Trinidad and Tobago. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Ecuador. 
Gould Coll. 
b. $ 
ad. sk. Ohaniicuros, Amazons (JETaiu-Gould Coll. 
well). 
c~g-6 ad.; h} I Pebas, Amazons, Feb., June, Salvin-Godinan & 
$ ad. sk. July (Hauxwell). Gould Culls. 
j-l S ad.; m. Pebas (Lemert). Salvin-Godman & 
g juv.; n. $ Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. 

o-s. <$ ad.; t. Iquitos, Amazons, ilareb, Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
2 ad. sk. April, May, Sept. (H. 
Whitely). " 
u, v. c? ad.; w. Para, Amazons (A. M. WalSalvin-
Godman & 
$ ad. sk. lace). Gould Cols. 
x, y. <$ ad.; z. Para, Jan. (JE. L. Layard). Tweeddale Coll. 

5 ad. sk. 
a'. S ad. sk. Cayenne. H. G. Rothery [P.]. 
V, c'. <$ ad.; d', Cayenne, Gould & Sclater 

ef. $ ad.sk. Colls. 
/',{/. <J ad.; h\ Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman & 
? ad. sk. April, Aug., Oct. (II. Sclater CoIl>. 

Wliitely). 
i'. S ad. sk. Tobago. Gould Coll. 
/. h . (5 ad. sk. Trinidad. Salvin-Gudman & 
Gould Collb. 
V, <$ ad.; m'. Venezuela (Dyson). Gould Coll. 
2 juv. sk. 
n'. $ ad. sk. Caracas. R Dyson ;C.]. 

60 . ETTCEPHA.XA. 243 
o', p\ <$ ad. &k. Parahyba do Norte, Brazil Sclater Coll. 
g', rr . £ ad. sk.
s'-u'. S ad.,• v\
(W.A. Fortes). 
Pernambuco (W. A. F.). 
Bahia, Brazil. 
Salvin-Godman 
Gould Coll. 
Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
to'. S ad. sk. Rio Claro, Brazil (Joyner), Salvin-Godman Coll. 

6. Eucepliala cyanogenys. 
Trockilus cyanogenys, Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 70. 
Ornismya wiedi, Less. Suppl Ois.-Mouohes, p. 150, pi. 20. 
Troehilns wiedi, Less. Ind. Gen. Trocli. p. xxxis. 
Saucerottia cyanogenys, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 77. 
Chlorestes cyanogenys, Reich. Aufi. d. Col. p. 7; id. Troeh. Enum, 


p. 4, t. 692. ff. 4536-7; Cab. $ Heme, Mas. Rein. iii. p. 46; Seine, 
J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 196. 
Hylocliaris wiedi, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 255. 
Eucepliala cyanogenys, Gould, Intr. Troeh. p. 167; Elliot, Ibis, 1874, 
p. 89; id. Syn. Troch. p. 231; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. 
p. 455 ,• Allen, Bull Am. Mus. N. H. ii. p. 259. 
Cluysolampis (Eucepliala) wiedi, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 41, 
Eucepliala wiedi, Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Moucftes, iv. p. 189. 
Hylocharis cyanogenys, Gray, Hand-l. -S. i. p. 148. 
Lesson describes the plumage of this bird as follows :—" Tout le 
plumage sur le corps et la tete brille d'un vert cuivre eclatant. Un 
vert d'emeraude s'etend de sa base dti bee a la region anale, qui est 
blanchej mais une teinte bleu-lapis regne sur la gorge ot s'unit au 
vert du corps en se degradant de maniere a ne paraitre que dans 
certaines positions/' 

His figure, apparently taken from the type, represents a bird 
very like E. mrulea, but smaller. The type has been lost, and no 
specimens exactly answering to the description have since been 
obtained. 

Hah. Eastern Brazil. 

7. Eucephala scapulata. 
Eucepliala scapulata, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 166; Elliot, Ibis, 1874, 
p. 88; id. Syn. Troch. p. 229; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouchcs, ii. 
p. 34, iv. p. 190; id. Ami. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208 j Eudes-
Desl Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 456. 
Hylocharis scapulata, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38, 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining bluish green, darker on 
the middle of the back and head, shading into bronze on the upper 
tail-coverts ; sides of the interscapulium blue ; under surface 
glittering bluish green; abdomen blackish, washed with blue ; 
under tail-coverts bronzy brown; tail steel-blue; bill black, the 
base of the mandible flesh-colour. Total length about 3*7 inches, 
wing 2 ; tail, central rectrices 1, lateral 1*3; bill 0-85. 

Ilab. Guiana. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Oyapoc, Cayenne. Gould Coll. (Type of species.) 
K2 
244 
TE0CHILI. 

8. Eucephala eseruleo-lavata. 
Eucephala 
cseruleo-lavata, Gould, P. Z. S. I860, p. 306; id. Mon, 
Troch. v. pi. 883 (July 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 106; Elliot, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 88; id. 8yn. Troch. p. 229 ; Mids. Hist. Nat. Ois.-
Mouches, ii. p. 39, iv. p. 191; id. Ann. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 208 ; Eudes-Desl. Ann. If us. Caen, i. p. 459, 
Hylocharis cseruleo-lavata, MuU. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. SB. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, darker on the 
crown, where a few blue feathers appear, shading into golden bronze 
on the upper tail-coverts; under surface glittering bluish green, 
nearly black on the middle of the abdomen, and shining green on 
the flanks* under tail-coverts purple-bronze; tail steel-blue, with a 
shade of purple, central rectrices above purple-bronze• bill black, 
flesh-coloured at the base. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 2*1 • 
tail, central rectrices 1*1, lateral 1*45 ; bill 0*8. 

Hah. Brazil. 

a. <$ ad, sk. S. Paolo, Brazil (Reeves). Gould Coll. (Type 
of species.) 
9. Eucephala hypocyanea. 
Eucephala 
hypocyanea, Goidd, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 306; id. Mon, 
Troch. v. pi. 334 (July 18(51); id. Intr. Trock. p. 106; 8cl. Sr 8alv. 
P Z. 8. 1867, p. 584; Elliot, Bis. 1874. p. 88; id. Syn. Trock. 

p. 230; Muls. Eist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 30, iv. p. 190; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 208* Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mm. Caen, 
i. p. 457. 
Hylocliaris hypocyanea, Mids. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 88. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming more 
golden on the lower back and reddish bronze on the upper tail-
coverts; under surface glittering blue, becoming greener on the 
sides of the neck and flanks; under tail-coverts bronzy green ; tail 
steel-blue: bill black, base of the mandible flesh-colour. Total 
length about 8*6 inches, wing 1*8, tail 1-2, bill 0*7. 

Adult female. Under surface greyish white; the lateral rectrices 
tipped with grey 
Hob. Amazons Valley. 

a. 3 
ad.sk. [Brazil] Gould Coll. (Type 
of species.) 
h. J ad. sk. Cobati, Rio Negro (A. R. Wal- Sclater Coll. 
lace). 
10. Eucephala subcserulea. 
Eucephala subeserulea, Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 87; id. Syn. Trock. 
p. 230* Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 35, pi. 32, iv. p. 190; 
id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyo?i} xxii. p. 208-9Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 457. 
Adult. " Upper part of head and back dull green, rest of back 

61 . HYLOCHOtTS. 
245 

and upper tail-coverts dark green, with a rufous tinge dispersed over 
all those parts; throat, breast, and centre of abdomen beautiful 
metallic cserulean blue; flanks shining grass-green. Lower part of 
abdomen covered by fluffy white feathers. Under tail-coverts 
metallic green. Wings purple. Tail bluish black. Maxilla black ; 
mandible yellow (in life possibly red) for its entire length, save the 
tip, which is black. Feet brownish black. Thighs buffy while. 
Total length 3*25 inches, wing 2, tail 1*375, oilmen 0-625. 

" ITab. Brazil ? " (Elliot, I s. c.) 
A species unknown to me, but apparently closely allied to 

E. Jiypocyanea. 
61. HYLOCHARIS. 
Type. 
Hylocharis, Bote, Ms, 1831, p. 546 H. sapphirina. 

Range. Tropical South America from Guiana to South Brazil, 

Key to the Species. 

a. Chin and under tail-coverts chestnut sapphirina, p. 245. 
b. Chin glittering blue. 
a'. 
Crown glittering blue; under tail-coverts dull 
steel-blue cyanea, p. 246. 

V. 
Crown bronzy green ; under tail-coverts white, 
with dark discs lactea, p. 247. 
1. Hylocharis sapphirina. 
Trochilus sapphirinus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 496; Lath. Ind. Orn. i, 
p. 313; Vieill N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat vii. p. 373 ; id. JEnc. Metlu 
p. 570; Less. Ind. Gin. Troch. p. xxxviiL 
Trochilus fulvifrons, Lath, Ind. Orn. Suppl. ii. p. 172 ; Vieill N. 
Diet. d'Hist. Nat. vii. p. 349; id. Enc. Meih. p. 554. 
Le Saphir, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 89, pi. 35. 
Le jeune Saphir, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 127, pi. 58. 
Ornismya sapphirina, Less. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxix, 172, 

pis. 55, 57. 
Trochilus latirostris, Wied. Beitr. iv. p. 64. 
Hylocharis latirostris, Reich. Aufi. d. Col p. 10. 
Hylocharis sapphirina, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113; id. Kand-l B. i. 

p. 148 ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 74; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 342 
(May 1852); id. Intr. Troch. p. 171; Reioh. Aufz. d. Col p. 10; 
id. Troch. Enum, p. 7, pi. 767. ff. 4780-2 ; Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii 
p. 346: Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 317; Cab. § Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. 
p. 43 ; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 
1867, pp. 584, 753, 979,1873, p. 289; Reink Vidensh. Medd. Nat. 
For. Kjob. 1870, p. 113; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 33; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 16, iv. p. 188; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 207; Dumford, Ibis, 1877, p. 184; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 236; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 470; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll 
p. 369; id. Ibis, 1885, p. 436; Scl $ Ends. Ary. Orn. ii. p. 8 ; 
Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H. ii. p. 259. 
Sapphironia sapphirina, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 256. 


246 
TEOCHILI. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green, witn a tinge of "bine 
on the middle of the back; upper tail-coverts rich bronze; chin and 
under tail-coverts chestnut; throat and breast glittering sapphire-
blue; abdomen and flanks dark shining green; tail rich bronze; bill 
flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 3*8 inches, wing 
2-05, taH 1-2, bill 0-8. 

Female. Upper surface shining golden green; upper tail-coverts 

and tail rich bronze; under surface greyish white; chin rufous; 

discs of the throat-feathers shining blue; flanks shining green ; 

under tail-coverts grejish white; maxilla black; mandible ilesh


colour, the tip black. 

Hal. Guiana, Amazonia, and South-eastern Brazil. 

a. $ 
acl. =k. Bartica Grcne, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Go&nian Coll 
April (S. Tfliifdy). 
b. S ad.; c. $ Meiume Mts, June, Julv (U, Salvin-Gndman Coll. 
ad. <k' JF.). 
cl $ jin, sk. Camacusa, Feb. (II. IF.). Salyin-Gudmaii Coll 

e. (S ad. sk. Roiaima, July (H. W.}. Salvm-Godmau Coll. 
/ . c? ad. sk. fearayacu, Ecuador (ButJJey). Sab in-Gudmau Coll. 
g. cT acl. sk. Camhis(Bitclhy). G< uld Cull. 
h. 
£ acl. sk. Upper Amazons (E. Baft- Ciuiild Coll. 
lett). 
i-k 
$ ad.; I § Peba&, Amazons, Feb., July Salvin-Godman k 
ad.sk. {J. Sauiwell). " Gould ColK 

m. 
<$ ad.; n. $ 'Pais, (Wallace). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk Gould. Culls, 
o, p. S ad.; q. $ BaMa, Brazil (Wucherer). Saft in-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

r. 
S ad,; s. S BaMa. Gould Coll. 
jtiv.; t 5 ad. <*k. 
u. c? ad. sk. Rio. 
Gould Coll, 
v. (S ad. sk. ^Trinidad.] 
Gould Coll. 
2. Hylocharis cyanea. 
Le £aphir, And. Ois. Dor. i. p. 12G, pi. 57. 
Trocliiliib cyanu^ Vieill. X Diet, d'llist X xxiii. p. 42<>; *77. JSW, 
J1&7*. p. oo* ; Z&s. D?c/. 6V;?. Troch p. xl. 
Ornisim a cyanea, It *&. Ilibt. Sat. Ois -Jloutfan, pp. xxxi,ID, J, pi. 71 : 
zYZ. Suppl. Ois.-31oicdies} p. 143, pi. 25. 
Ornismya bicolor, Less, Mist Nat. Ois.-Mouclm* pp. xxix, 161, 

pis. 49,50. 
TrocMlus Meolor, Zess. 2W. Gin. Troth, p. xxxuii. 
Hylocharis cyanea, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113; Reich Aufz. d. Col. 

p. 10; id. Troch Union, p. 7, pi. 7(53. if. 4777-9; Gould, Mem. 
Troch v. pi. 344 (May 1852); «?. 2/zfr. Troch p. 171; CM. &c Heine, 
Mns.Mem.iil-p.U; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 817; 3/w/>. 4* Tirr. 
Class. Troch p. 38 ; 8d. $8alv. P. Z. & I860, p. 14>o, lSU7,p. 7,1% 
1873, p. 259, 1870, p. 631; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 83; Muts. Mist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouelies, ii. p. 19, ft. p. 188; «?. -4?z». 6foc. IMK . Lyon, 
xxii. p. 207; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 138; id. Syn. Troch. p. 237; 
Eudes-Desl.Ann.Mus. Caen. L p. 474; -4//e?z. 2fa#. .4M. 3/«& i\T, 
fl.ii. 5. 259. v w \' 
Tliauniatias cyaneus, Bp. Cwisp. Av. i. p. 78. 
he I ^ 


61 . HYLOCIUBIS, 
247 

Achdt male. Upper surface shining grass-green, shading into 
bronzy green on the rump; upper tail-eoverts dark purple-bronze; 
whole head, throat, and breast glittoring sapphire-blue; abdomen 
dark shining golden green; under tail-coverts and tail dark steel-
blue ; bill flesh-eolour, the tip black. Total length about 3*5 inches, 
wing 1-95, tail 1-1, bill 0*75. 

Female. Upper surface shining grass-green, shading into bronzy 
green on the rump and into purple on the upper tail-eoverts ; under 
surface greyish white, the feathers of the throat with green discs; 
under tail-coverts dusky; lateral rectrices tipped with grey: maxilla 
black, mandible flesh-colour, tipped with black. 

Rah. Guiana, Amazonia, and South Brazil. 

a-c. c? ad.; d. $ Merume Mts., British Guiana, , Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. July, Aug. (H. Whitely). Sclater Colls. 

e. $ ad. sk. Camacusa, Feb. (ffSW.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f. (5ad.sk. E. Atapurow, Jan. (H. W.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. (S ad.; h. J ad.sk. Eoraima, Nov., Dec. (JEf. W). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i-k. $ ad.; I. $ Upper Amazons (E. Bart- Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. lett). 
in. S ad.; n-}o. $ Icmitos, Amazons, April, May Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. (H. Whitely). " Gould Colls. 
q-t. $ ad.; u. $ Bakia, Brazil (Wucherer)* Salvin-Godman & 
juv.; v. $ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
w, x. 
S ad. sk. Bio, Brazil. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

y. S ad. sk. Matto Grosso, July (Natterer). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
z. <$ ad. sk. Trinidad (o. Berlepsch). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
3. Hyloelmris lactea. 
Le Saphir, Less. Mist, Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pi. 56. 
Ornismya lactea, Less. 8ivppl. Ois.-Mottches, p. 98. 
Trochilus lacteus, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch, p. xxxviii. 
Hylocharis lactea, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113 ; id. Hand-l B. i. p. 148; 


Bj). Co7isp. i. p. 74; Burm. Syst. "Ueb. ii. p. 347; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. v. p. 343 (Sept 1859); id. Lntr. Troch. p. 171; Cab. 
8f Heme, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 43; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 317; Muls. 
4* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38; Reinh. Vidensk. Medd, Nat. For* 
Kjob. 1870, p. 112 j JPelz. Orn. Bras. p. 33 ; Mids, Hist Nat. Ois.J&
ouches, ii. p. 23; id. Ann. Soc, Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 236; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 472; Allen, 
Bull Am. Mus. N. H. ii. p. 259. 

Hylocharis S. CyanocMoris lactea, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 10; id. 
Troch. Enum. p. 8, pi. 773. f. 4793. 
Sapphironia lactea, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 256. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; crown and 
upper tail-coverts bronzy green; throat and breast glittering sapphire-
blue ; middle of the abdomen white; flanks shining green; 
nnder tail-coverts white, with dark discs; central rectrices dark 
shining olive-green, lateral steel-blue with olive margin: maxilla 
dark brown; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length 
about 3*8 inches, wing 2-2, tail 1*2, bill 0*85. 

JIah. Southern Brazil. 

a-f. $ ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman. Gould, & 
Sclater Colls. 

248 TEOCHILI. 

62. CHETSUEOMA. Type> 
Chrysuronia, Bp. Consp. Av.l^.75 C. cenone. 

Chrysurus, Bp. Compt. Rend. 18o0, p. 382. 

Chrysurisca, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 42. 

Range. Tropical America from Guatemala to the Argentine Republic. 


Key to ike Species. 

a. Crown more or less glittering blue. 
a'. Upper tail-coverts and tail golden bronze. 
a". Throat glittering blue awone, p. 248. 
b". Throat glittering green neera. p. 249. 


b'. Upper tail-coverts and tail shining green ... . Twmboldti, p. 250. 

b. Crown very dark shining green. 
c'. Throat glittering blue" elicits, p. 2ol. 
d'. Throat glittering golden bronze ruficollis, p. 251, 
1. Chrysuronia cenone. 
Omismya cenone, Less. Suppl Ois.-Mouc7ies} p. 157, pi. 30: Dehtire 

4- Less. Bev. Z00L 1830, p. 17. 
Trochilus cenone, Less. I?ul. Gen. Trocli. p. xl 
Polytmus cenone, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. L33. 
Chrysuronia cenune, Bp. Consp. Ac. i. p. 75; id. Bev. Zuol. 1534, 

p. 254; Reich Aufz. d. Col p. 0; id. Troch. Email, p. 5, pi. 722. 
£ 4G42-3; Gould, Mon. Troch v. pi. S2o plav 1-5U); id. Intr. 
Troch p. 164; ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 316; &/.> &ar/i\ P. Z. S. 
1868, p. 629, 1870, p. 782: Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-JIovc/us, ii. 
p. 7, iv. p. 186; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207; Elliot., fyn. 
Troch p. 169; Eudes-JDesl Ann. Mus. Caen, 1. p. 434. 
Chrysurisca cenone. Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 42. 
Hylocharis cenone, Muls. 4' Terr. Class. Troch. p. 38. 
Chrysuronia cenone longirostris, Berl J.f.O.n. 1867, p. 333. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming golden 

bronze on the rump and upper tail-coverts ; entire head and throat 

deep glittering blue; rebt of the under surface glittering grass-

green ; under tail-coverts bronze, with pale edges; tail golden 

bronze: maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. Total 

length about 4 inches, wing 2*2, tail 1*8, bill 0*9. 

Female. Similar to the male, but paler on the upper surface, and 

the crown greenish blue ; middle of the under surface white; the 

feathers of the sides of the neck with greenish-blue discs^ those of 

the sides of the breast and flanks with green discs; under tail-

coverts fuscous, with greenish discs. 

Lesson's type of this bird came from the island of Trinidad, 
and specimens from Venezuela agree with birds from that island. 
Examples from Bogota have slightly longer bills, a fact noticed by 
Gould, and nominally recognized by Count Berlepseh, who has 
named these birds C. cenone longirostris. The glittering blue of the 
throat is less extensive in birds from Eastern Ecuador, and in the 
Upper Amazons region (Pcbas, &c.) the transition between C. cenone 

62. CHRrsuEONiv. 
249 

and 0. neera seems complete. In all other localities, C. cenone can 
be distinguished from C. neera by its blue throat. 

Hal. Trinidad, Venezuela, Colombia, and E. Ecuador. 

a, b. J ad.; c. $ Trinidad. Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sir. Gould Colls. 

d. 
<S ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Goering). 
e,f. S ad. 5 g, h. $ Caracas. E. Dyson [0.]. 
ad. sk. 
*'. S ad.; j, h. $ Valley of Aragua, Venezuela. E. Dyson [0.]. 
ad. sk. 
/. <$ ad. sk. San Esteban, Venezuela (Nehr- Sclater Coll. 
horn), 
m-p. S ad.; q, r. ? Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
s-w. S ad.; #. J Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
y) %. <$ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (<?. Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley), 
a'. <$ ad. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador. Sclater Coll. 

Transitional Specimens, 
h'-cl'. $ ad. sk. Upper Amazons (JE. Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
e'. <$ ad. sk. Pebas, Amazons, Aug. (J. Gould Coll. 

Hauxioell). 

2. Chrysuronia neera. 
Ornismya neera, Less. % Delattre, Rev, Zool. 1839, p. 18. 

Ornismya josepkime, Itowm §* Muls. Rev. Zool 1848, p. 272. 

Chrysuronia josepkinas, Reich. Aufz. cl Col p. 9; Bp. Rev. Zool 

1854, p. 254; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 326 (May 1859); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 164 ; Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 753, 979,1873, 

p. 289, 1879, p. 630 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 10, 
pi. 30, iv. p. 186; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207 ; Mliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 169; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 438; Tacz. 
P. Z. S. 1882, p. 40; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 409. 
Chrysuronia neera, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 165. 
Chrysuronia casruleicapilla, Goidd, Intr. Troch. p. 165. 
Chrysurisca josephinse, Cab.fy Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 42. 
Hylocharis josephinse, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38. 
Poly tmus josephinse, Gray, Hand-L B, i. p. 133. 
Adult male. Similar to that of C. cenone, but the entire under 
surface, including the throat, glittering green. In the female the 
discal spots of the sides of the throat are green, without any shade 
of blue. 

Typical males of this bird have the entire under surface glittering 
green; but at Pebas, and other places in the Upper Amazons Valley, 
examples occur which have a few blue feathers on the chin, and are 
thus intermediate between 0. neera and O. cenone. 

Gould separated two other forms of this bird by admitting the 
validity of Bourcier's 0. josephince as distinct from Lesson's 0. neera, 
and describing C. cceruleicapilla. "With the types of both the latter 

250 
TBOCHILI. 

"before me,,and in view of the close relationship subsisting between 

0. neera and C. cenone,! donbt the existence of more than one form 
of the former. The points relied upon by Gould seem all to be due 
to individual variation, and the birds themselves to be connected 
with the typical form by gradual steps. 
Hah. Upper Amazons Yalley ; Bolivia. 

a. $ ad. sk. ' Amazons (Bates ?). Gould Coll. 
b-k. S?L&.'J-n. J Pebas, Amazons, Feb., April Salvm-Godinan, 
ad.sk. 
to Ana*. (J. Haimcell). Gould. & Sclater 
" % Colls. 

o. d ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (C. Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. $ ad. sk. Consata, Bolivia (C. Buckley). Salvin-Gcdman Coll. 
q, r. <$ ad. sk. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
8.6 
ad.sk. ? " Gould Coll. 
(Type of 0. neera.^ Less.) 
t. <J ad. sk. ? ' " Gould Coll. 
(Type of C. crerulekapilk) Gould, i 
Transitional SjncimeM. 

u, v. tfad.; to. $ Upper Amazons (E. Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
x-z. $ ad. sk. Pebas, Amazons, Feb., Aug. Gould Coll. 
(/. HaiLTiucll). 

3. Chrysuronia Irambol&ti 
Troeliilus humboldti, Boure. §* Muh. Ann. 8c. Phys. et Nat Lymi, 
(2) iv. p. 142 (1862). 
Chrysuronia humboldti, JReicft. Aufz. d. Col, p. 0; JBp. JRev, ZooL 
1854, p. 254; Gould, Hon. Troeh v. pi. 827 Qlav 1859): id. 
Intr. Trocli. p. 165; id. Ibis, 1867, p. 247; Mul^Hik. Wat #«.-
Monches, iv. p. 187; ?V. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207: Elliot, 
8yn. Troch. p. 1G8 ; Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mns, Caen. i. p. 430. 

Chrysurisca humboldti, Cab. # Heine, XIKS. Hem. ill. p. 42. 
Hylocliaris humboldti, U/wfe. <f 7 m \ Cfes. Troch. p. »*J8. 
Thaumatias viridicaudattis, £««7\ ^4?z«. Xj/c. A". IT. viii. p. 404. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green, bronzy in the middle 
of the back; crown and upper part of the throat glittering blue; 
breast) and abdomen glittering golden green, centre of the abdomen 
and under tail-coverts white ; tail shining olive-green ; bill fleshcolour, 
tip black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*5^ tail 1*35, 
bill 0-8. 

Female. Similar to the male on the upper surface, but with the 
crown dark shining green ; under surface white; sides of the neck 
and flanks with green discal spots; lateral rectrices tipped with 
whitish, preceded by a dark subterminal bar. 

Hob. Western Ecuador. 

a, b. S ? ad, sk. Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Gould Cull. 

62 . CKEYSITKONIA. 
251 

4. Chrysuronia elicise. 
Trochilus elicire, Bourc. 8? Muls. Ann. 3c. Phijs. et Nat. Lyon. ix. 
p. 814 (1846) ; iid. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 316. ' 
Clirysuronia elieiee, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, 
pi. 722. £4644-5; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. v. p. 328 (Sept. 1858) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 165; 3d. $ Salv. 
Ibis, 1859, p. 130; 3d. Cat. Am. B. p. 316; 3ah. P. Z. 3. 1870, 

p. 211; id. Ibis, 1872, p. 320; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. 
pp. 4,13, iv. p. 186 ; id. Ann. 3oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207; Elliot, 
3yn. Troch. p. 169 ; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 439. 
Ckrysurisca elicise, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 42. 
Hylocharis elicit, Muls. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38. 
Polytrnus elicise, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 183. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, darker on 
the crown; upper tail-coverts rich bronze; throat and breast 
glittering blue; flanks shining green, middle of the abdomen buff; 
under tail-coverts pale shining bronze; tail glittering golden bronze; 
bill flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length about 3*5 inches, 
wing 1-9, tail 14, bill 0*7. 

Female. Similar to the male, but with the blue of the throat 
reduced to discal spots. 
Hah. Central America from Guatemala to Panama. 

a-c. <$ ad. sk. Coban, Guatemala, Mar., Nov. Salvin-Godman & 

(O. Salvin). 
Sclater 0oils. 
d. $ ad. sk. Ckoctuin, Guatemala (0. 3. 8f Salvin-Godman Coll. 
F. B. G.). 
e. $ ad.sk. Masagua, Guatemala, Bee. (0. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
3. $ F. D. G.). 
f. 
S ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua (T. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Belt). 
flr-z.cJad.sk. 
Costa Eica (Endres). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 


j. S ad. sk. Volcan de Chiriqui (ArcS). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
'k. $ ad. sk. Bugaba, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
/. S ad. sk. Chitra, Panama (Arce'). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m, n. S ad. sk. Chiriqui (Arce). Gould Coll. 
o. S ad. sk. David, Chiriqui (ArcS). Gould Coll. 
5. Clirysuronia ruficollis. 
Pica nores pecho de Canela, Azara, Apunt. ii. p. 484, no. 290. 
Pica flores pecho de Topacio, Azara, Apunt. ii. p. 485, no. 291. 
Trochilus ruficollis, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. N. vii. p. 362; id. Enc. 


Meth. p. 564 (ex Azara). 
Ornismya chrysura, Less. 3uppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 107, pi. 4. 
Trochilus chrysura, Less, Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xl. 
Ornismya ruficollis, d'Orb, $ Lafr. 3yn. Av. ii. p. 30. 
Clirysuronia chrysura, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 75; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p." 254 ; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, pi. 721. 
ff. 4640-1; Gould, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 329 (May 1860); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 165; Sol. Cat. Am. B. p. 316; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 33 ; 
Mids. Hist. Nat. Qis.-Mouches, ii. p. 4; id. Ann. 3oc. Linn. Lyon, 

252 
TBOOHILI. 

xxii. p. 207; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 140; id. Syn. Track p. 169: 
ScL 5-Sato. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 630; Eudes-Besl Ann. Mus. Caen, 
i. p. 433. 
Chrysurisca clirystira, Cab.fy Seine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 42. 
Hylocharis ehrysura, MuU. $* Verr. Class. Troeli. p. 38. 
Polytnras chrysurus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 133. 
Cluysuronia ruficollis, Berl. J. f. Orn. 1887, pp. 18, 120: Scl $ 
Aids. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 8. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, darker on the 
crown, more bronzy on the upper tail-coverts ; under surface "buff, 
a golden-bronze discal spot on each of the feathers of the throat; 
under tail-coverts and tail glittering golden bronze; bill fleshcolour, 
the tip black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*1, tail 1 % 
bill 0-9. 

Female. Similar to the male, but with the throat duller, the 
lateral rectrices tipped with grey, and the upper tail-coverts shining 
golden green like the back. 

Hal. Southern Brazil, Paraguay, and the Argentine Eepublic. 

a-c. <$ ad. sk. Peru? Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 

d. g ad. sk. Engenko de Gama, Matto Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Grosso, July (J. batterer.) 
e}f. (S ad.; y. $ Chapada, Matto Grosso, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. (H.H.Smith), 

h. S ad. sk. Conchitas, Buenos Ayres Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Hudson). 
i S ad. sk. Buenos Ayres, April. Gould Coll. 

J. 
cTad.; fa Juv.; Ptmta Lara, Buenos Ayres, H. Dtirnford (C.~. 
/. $ ad. sk. Jan., Feb. v u " 
63. BASniDTffA. 
Type. 
Basilinna, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 540 B. leucutis. 
Heliopsedica, Gould, Mem. Trocfa (May lbo8)........ B. leucutis. 

Range. Lower California, Mexico, and Guatemala. 

Key to the Species: 

a. Abdomen dusky white ; lateral rectrices steel-blue, 
tipped with bronze .' lewoti^ p. 252. 
b. Abdomen and lateral rectrices chestnut cant mi, p. 200. 
1. Basilinna leucotis. 
Trockilus leucotis, Vieill. K. Diet d'Hisi. K. xviii. p. 428; id Ene. 

Metli. p. 559. 

Trochilus lucidus, Shaw, Gen. Zool viii. p. 327? 

Trochilus melanotus, Swains. Phil. Hay. 11. s. i. p. 441. 

Trochilus cueuliger, Licht. B*eis-Verz. Mew.. Vot/. p. 1 ; ef. J. f. Orn. 

1863, p. 00. 
* 

63. B\siLnrer\.. 
258 

Ornismya arsennii, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois-Mouches, pp. xxvii, xlvi, 60, 

pi. 2; id. Suppl. p. 152, pi. 27. 

Trocliilus arsennii, Less, Ind, G&n. Troch. p. xxxix. 

Tkauinatias leucotis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 78. 

Basilinna leucotis, Eeich. Awfz. d. Col. p. 13: Cab. fy Heine, Mm, 

Hein. iii. p. 45 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207 ; Elliot, Sipi, 

Troch. p. 227 ; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus, Caen. i. p. 477 : Salv. Cat. 

Strickl. Coll. p. 360. 

Sappkironia lucida, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 250: ScL P. Z. S.1858, 

p. 297,1859, p. 386. 
Heliopsedica melanotis, Gould. Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 04 (May 1858); id, 
Intr. Troch. p. 60. 
Heliopedica 
melanotis, 8cl. fy Sak. Ibis, 1859, p. 130; Salv. Ibis, 
I860, pp. 195, 263, 271; ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 289; id. P. Z. S. 1804, 

p. 176; A. JDuges, La Nat. i. p. 141; Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 365 ; 
de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 28; Barnard, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, (2) 
xxii. p. 14. 
Hylocliaris melanotis, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 38. 
Coeligena leucotis, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 187. 
Heliopaedica leucotis, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 3, vi. 
p. 186. 
Hylocliaris leucotis, Gray, Handrl. B. i. p. 151. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming blacker 
towards the nape and posterior part of the crown, more golden on 
the rump and tail; face and chin glittering blue, a long postocular 
streak pure white; breast glittering green; abdomen and 
under tail-coverts shining green, the latter edged with greyish 
white ; central rectrices shining golden green, the lateral steel-blue 
tipped with, green ; bill flesh-colour, tip black. Total length about 
3-5 inches, wing 2, tail 1*2, bill 0*65. 

Female, Upper surface shining golden green; crown and nape 
dark brown with rufous edges; postocular streak white, beneath 
which is a black spot passing under the eye; under surface dusky 
white, the throat buff and spotted with dusky, flanks with green 
discal spots; under tail-coverts whitish, with dusky discs; lateral 
rectrices tipped with greyish white; bill nearly black. 

Young male. Similar to the female, the glittering feathers of the 
breast and face being gradually assumed. 
Hah. Mexico and Guatemala. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Tutuaca, Chihuahua, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.Lloyd), 
h. S juv. sk. Sierra de Victoria, Tamau- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lipas, April ( W. B. Rich-* 
ardson). 
c-f. 
cjad.; g-i. Sierra de San Luis Potosi, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5ad.sk. July (W. B. P.). 


j. 
S ad.; k, <$ Ciudad Durango, June and Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv<; L J ad.sk, July (A. Forrer). 
m, n. <$ ad.; o. Sierra de Valparaiso, Zacatecas Salvin-Godman Coll* 
6i™r-',& q. Aug. (W.B.B.). 
$ ad. sk. 

r, s. <$ ad.; t. 6 Sierra de Nayarit, Jalisco, July Salvin-Godman Coll 
juv.; u.%ad.sk. (W.B.P.). 

v, w. <$ ad.; .v. 
$ ad. sk. 

iji z. $ ad.; a'. 
5ad.sk. 
b\ <$ ad. sk. 

d-i'. S ad.; f. 
djuv.; k\'2 
ad. sk. 
V-o\ <S ad.; /. 
djuv.; #'.$ 
ad. sk. 
/•'. djuv.;s'.$ 
ad. sk. 
2'. d ad. sk. 

a/. d ad. sk. 

v'. d ad. sk. 

to', d ad. sk. 
$'. d ad. <&. 


?/. $ ad. sk. 

sr. d jnv. sk. 
«". J ad.; 6". ? 
ad. sk. 
c". d ad. sk. 

c/". c? ad. sk. 

e"-g". tfad.;/*"*". 
djuv.,$ 
ad. sk. 

Z'W. dad.; o". 
5 ad. sk. 
j>",2". dad.sk. 

r". d juv.; *". 

$ ad. sk. 
£", w". S ad. sk. 
t/'. d ad. sk. 
w", a/'. Jad.sk. 
y". ^ad.sk. 

z"~c\ dad.; 

<P. $ juv. sk. 
e3-A3. c? ad.; 
i3, f. $ ad. sk. 
k\ d ad. sk. 

P, mz. d ad. sk. 

TE0CHILI. 

Sierra de Bolanos, Jalisco, 
March, April ( W. B. Richardson). 


Tepie, Jalisco, May (W. B. 
P.). 
Yolcan de Colima, Jan. ( W. 

B. P.). 
Nevado de Colinia, April, 
Dec. (W. B. 22.). 

Ameeanieca, April (F. D. 

Pinal, Puebla, April (F D. 
G.). 


Rio Frio, Ixtaeeibuatl, Sept. 
(TV. B. It.). 
Tenanfi-0 del Valle, Sept. ( W. 

B. P.). 
Ixtapalapa, Valley of Mexico, 

Jan. (F. Ferrari-Perez). 
Tlascala, April (F. I). G.). 
Las Viga% Cufre de Perote, 

July (F. Ferrari-Perez). 
Cofre de Perote, 2s ov. (31 

Trujillo). 
Jalapa (de Oca). 
Cordova (Salle). 


Montaiias de Orizaba, May 

(F. Ferrari-Perez). 
Amula, Guerrero, Sept. {Mrs. 
H. H. Smith). 
Omilteme, Guerrero, Julv 

(Mrs. B. m S.). 

Villa Alta, Oaxaca, March 

(M. Trujillo). 
Totontepec, Oaxaca, Feb. 

(31 T.). 
Tonaauia, Oaxaca, Feb. (31 

Oaxaca. 
Oaxaca (FeaocMo). 
Mexico (Floreai). 
Quezaltenango, Guatemala, 

Sept. 18(32 (O. &). 
Santa Maria, near Quezaltenango, 
Guatemala, August 

(W. B. Richardson). 
Chuipacbe*,Quezaltenango.Sept. 

(W.B.R.). 

Totonicapam,Guatemala,Sept. 
1802 (0. &). 
Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala, 
Aug. (O. &). 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salun-Golman Coll. 


Sah in-Godman C< >11. 
Salvin-Godmaii (" ill. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sal vin-G odnian C oil. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Cull. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Gould Coll. 


Purchased. 
Sah in-t rodman Coll. 
Salvin4 fodman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 


Salvlii-Godman Coll. 
Gould CoH. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

63 . BASILHSTOA. 255 
??3 . c? luv.; °3« Ckilaseo, Guatemala, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 1862 (0. 8. $ F. D. G.). 
pK J juv. sk. Ooban, Guatemala, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
<l\ >'3-8 ad. sk.
(0. S.). 
Guatemala {Skinner). Gould Coll. 
A*,^. Skeletons. Purchased. 

2. Basilinna xantusi. 
Amazilia xantusi, Zcww. -dUra. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 109. 
Ileliopedica ca^taneocauda, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 145. 
Ileliopaedica xantusi, Gould, Ibis, I860, p. COO; id Mon. Troth ii. 


pi. 05 (May 1861); id. Intr. Troch p. 61; Elliot, B. N. Am. i. 
pi. 22 ; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 161; Mills. Hist. Nat. Qis.-Mouches, 

ii. p. 3, iv. p. 186 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 207. 
Basilinna xantusi, Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 196; Elliot, JSyti. Troch 
p. 227 ; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 479: Belding, Pr. U.S. 
Nat Mus. v. p. 542. 
H}locliaris xantusi, Mzds. <$r Verr. Class. Troch p. 38. 
Cceligena xantusi, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 190, pi. 16. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green ; anterior half of the 
crown, chin, and the region below the eye black with a tinge of very 
dark blue; throat glittering green; middle of the abdomen chestnut; 
flanks washed with green; tail dark chestnut, the central 
rectrices edged and tipped with shining golden green: bill fleshcolour, 
the tip black. Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 2, tail 
1-2, bill 0 7. 

Female. Upper surface, including the central rectrices, shining 
green, duller on the crown; under surface buff; middle of the 
abdomen nearly white; lateral rectrices chestnut: maxilla black; 
mandible flesh-colour, the tip black. 

Hah. Lower California. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Agua Escondida, Lower Oali- Gould Coll. (Typical 
fornia, Nov. (Xantus). specimen.) 
b. <$ ad. sk. Mts. 20 miles S. of La Paz, L. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
California, Mar. (Belding). 
e. cS ad.; d. $ Triumfo, L. California, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (H W. Henshaio). 
e,f. 
8 ad. sk. San Jose del Cabo,L. California, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (H. W. Henshaio). 

256 TKOCHILT. 

SECTION 0. TEOCHILI LJEYIBOSTBES. 

Sheath of both maxilla and mandible smooth to the end of the tomia, 
not serrate. (Eor Sec. A, see p. 29 ; Sec. B, see p. 114.) 

a. Size generally larger; tail normal (with 
hardly an exception—but see Loddiyesia), 
forked, rounded, or cuneate ; rectrices as 
a rule wide; throat hardly ever glittering 
red (but see Clytolcema, Lamprolc&ina, and 
Lampraster); head seldom crested (but 
when so adorned, the tail is normally 
forked or rounded, except Loddiyesia); 
no lateral cervical plumes; no elongated 
superciliary plumes; back uniform, 
without light transverse bar (except in 
Patayond); lower back sometimes glittering 
when viewed from behind; tibiae 
sometimes enveloped in down. 
a'. Tibise partially feathered, but not enveloped 
in down. 
a". Size varied, but not small; tail varied, 
cuneate, rounded, or forked, sometimes 
deeply. 
a'". Lower back not glittering when 
viewed from behind. 
a1. Bill curved to the third of a 
circle; tail rounded; rectrices 
pointed; nasal covers exposed; 
no glittering plumage; shafts of 

the outer primaries normal ... . 64. EUTOXEEES, p. 201. 

bK Bill long, more or leas arched; 
nasal covers partially exposed; 
tail rounded or cuneate, or with 
the median rectrices elongated. 


a\ Tail rounded Co. THBEXETEJ>. p. 203. 
b\ Larger; tail cuneate, the cen- '"p. 207. 
tral rectrices elongated 00, PHAETHOBXIS. 

c'\ Smaller; tail cuneate; central 
rectrices not prominent 07. PYGMORXIS, p. 280. 

cK Bill moderate, curved; nasal covers 
partly exposed; shafts of the 
outer primaries swollen, outer 
web obliterated at the enlargement. 


ds. Three outer primaries wdth 
swollen shafts. [p, 286. 

aG. Tail cuneate.............. OS. SPHEXOPBOCTUS, 
_ h6. Tail rounded 00. CAMPYLOPTEBUS, 
e\ Two outer primaries with swol- "p. 288. 
len shafts 70. EUPETOMEXA, 

dK Bill nearly straight; nasal covers [p. 295. 
more exposed; interramal space 
less feathered; shafts of the 
outer primaries normal; plumage 
sometimes with glittering 
feathers. ' jp. 297. 

f\ Tail uniform 71. APHANTOCHBOA, 
y5. Tail with lateral rectrices tipped 
with white , 72. PBLEOCHBOA, p.299. 

TR0CHILI LJhiVIROSTRBS. 

el. Bill varied, but never much 
curved; nasal covers and inter-
ramal space more feathered ; 
shafts of the outer primaries 
normal; plumage with glittering 
patches. 

k5. Bill long.
c6. Bill slightly curvedd\ Bill straight. 

a7. Tail rounded; lateral rectrices 
largely whiteb7. Tail forked, nearly uniform.

i\ Bill short. 

e*. Bill slightly curved; lateral 
rectrices tipped with white .
/*e. Bill nearly straight; tail 

nearly uniform. 

c7. Tail rounded j throat not 
ruby-red; a long postocular 
stripe. 

aB. Grown glitteringb8. Crown uniform with the 
back

<P. Tail slightly forked; throat 
glittering ruby-red. 
c8. Bill longer; breast glittering 
greendB. Bill shorter; breast glittering 
blue
fA. Bill very varied, straight, or moderately 
curved; nasal covers 
completely concealed; shafts of 
the outer primaries normal. 

j 5. Feet feeble. 

g6. Tail normal, either rounded 
or forked ; none of the rectrices 
developed out of order. 
e7. Bill stout, nearly straight. 
e8. Bill nearly straight; tail 

moderate. 
a? Bill very longb\ Bill moderate. 

a10. Tail longer, deeply 
forked; rectrices 
narrow

blG 

. Tail moderate; rectrices 
normal. 

a11. Gular spot absent 
or glittering 
purple or fiery 
greenish orange. 

a12. Under surface 
green; throat 
glittering; tail 
more forked .

b12 

. Abdomen black 
or bronze; 
chin "black; 
tail less forked

VOL. xvi,

 [p. 300. 
73. STERNOCLYTA, 
74. UROCHROA, p. 301. 
75. EUGENES, p. 302. 
76. CCEUGENA, p. 304. 
77. OREOPYRA, p. 305. 
78. DELATTRIA, p. 308. 
79. CLYTOLJEMA,P. 311. 
[p. 314. 
80. LAMPROL-&MA, 
81. DociikrASTEs, p. 315. 
82. EUGENIA, p. 316. 
83. HELIOBOXA, p. 317. 
84. IOLJEMA, p. 321. 
* 
258 
TROCHILI. 

ft11. Gular spot glittering 
rosy red, 
or lilac. 

c12. Under surface 
shining 
green ; gular 
spot rosy red. 

d12 

. Under surface 
cinnamon; 
gular spot 
lilac 

fa. Bill curved; tail very 
long and deeply forked. 
/ 7 . Bill slender, decurved. 

ga. Tail short, slightly 
forked; lateral rectrices 
pointed; under tail-
coverts very long ... . 

ha. Tail louger, very slightly 
forked; lateral rectrices 
with rounded ends; 
under tail-coverts nor


A6. Tail abnormal; submedian 
rectrices long, curved inwards, 
and crossing 

* 
k5. Feet strong. 
i6. Size moderate; rump coloured 
like the back. 
g7, Rectrices narrow; tail 
nearly square; bill short 
and curved 

A7. Eectrices wide and full; 
tail more or less forked. 

i9 

. Bill normal, not recurved 
; throat with 
elongated glittering 
feathers. 

c9. Bill long 
d?. Bill short. 
cw. Crown crested 

d10 

. Crown plain .... 

f. 
Bill recurved; no elongated 
throat - plumes ; 
tail slightly forked 
j*. Size very large; rump white, 
in contrast with the back .. 

b"f. Lower back glittering, when viewed 
from behind; bill short and straight 
(not long as in Lampropygia) 

b1'. Size small; tail profoundly modified, 
or rounded, hardly forked; bill feeble; 
tomia of mandible decidedly rolled inwards 
near the tip; nostrils concealed. 

c'". Culmen feathered a long way from 
the base; feathers of the crown 
lengthened so as to form a large 
full crest. 

g*. Tail normal 
A\ Tail profoundly modified; central 

85. LAMPBASTEB,P.323. 
86. PHJ30L.EMA, p. 324 
[p. 325. 
87. HYLOXYMPBA, 
88. LAFE33SXAYA,p.32G. 
89. FLOEISUGA, p. 328. 
90. TOPAZA, p. 332. 
[p. 334. 
91. OBEOTBOCHILUS, 
[p. 338. 
92. OBEOXYMPHA, 
93. OXYPOGOX, p. 339. 
94. KHAMPHOIMICBON, 
[p. 341. 
95. OPISTHOPBOBA, 
[p. 347. 
96. PATAGONAJ p. 348. 
97. A&L2EACTIS, p. 349. 
98. BELLONA, p. 352, 
TEOCHILI LiEVIEOSTRES. 

259 

rectrices obsolete, lateral long 

and curved, and ending in a 

large spatule 
99. LODDIGESIA, p. 355. 

d'". Culmen less feathered ; a long [p. 356. 
crest composed of a few feathers .. 100. CEPHALOLEPIS, 
er". Culmen as in Cephalolepis, "but no 
crest. 

24. Bill small and short; crown green 
like the back 101. ABEILLIA, p. 358. 
j 4. Bill longer; crown glittering blue 
like the throat 102. BXAIS, p. 359. 
b'. Tibiae enveloped in downy feathers. 
c". Larger; tail forked, but without terminal 
spatules. 
f". Tail more or less deeply forked; 
under wing-coverts dark 103. EMOCNEMIS, p. 360. 
g"\ Tail less forked; under wing-
coverts cinnamon ] 04. PANOPUTES, p. 372. 
d". Smaller; tail very deeply forked and 
lateral rectrices ending with spatules. 105. SPATHUBA, p. 375. 
. Size generally smaller; tail usually abnormal, 
seldom regularly rounded or 
slightly forked, but very varied in form, 
the rectrices often very narrow, the outer 
pair sometimes ending in a spatule; throat 
usually glittering red, sometimes violet or 
green or very pale green, sometimes plain; 
head crested or plain; neck sometimes 
adorned with lateral plumes ; head sometimes 
with elongated glittering superciliary 
tufts; back uniform, or with a 
transverse whitish or rufous band across 
the rump. 
c'. Tail very varied, not regularly cuneate 
or spatuled; throat usually glittering 
red, sometimes violet or pale green, 
with a violet border, sometimes plain; 
rump like the back (except Rhodopis). 
e". Tail deeply and regularly forked ; the 
outermost primary not shorter than 
any of the others, the median much 
the shortest; none of the rectrices 
filiform. 

ti". 
Size larger; rump cinnamon; bill 
long and curved 106. RHODOPIS, p. 379. 
t"\ Size smaller; rump shining green 
like the back. 
kA. Tail long and forked, not transversely 
banded; bill long and 
curved; throat reddish violet .. 107. DOEICHA, p. 380. 
I*. Tail long and forked; lateral 
rectrices tipped and banded with 
white 108. TILMATITRA, p. 385. 
m*. Tail shorter; rectrices wider; 
lateral rectrices pointed, but not 
filiform. 
Is. Throat ruby-red 109. CALLIPHLOX, p. 386. 
m5. Throat glittering green. [p. 388. 
ke. Lateral rectrices straight .. 110. SMARAGDOCHRYSIS, 

• 
I*. Lateral rectrices curved in- [p. 389. 
wards 111. PTOOHOPTERV, 
s2 

260 TBOCHILI. 

/". Tail more even, but more or less 
irregularly formed, the median rectrices, 
however, not abnormally short. 

;'". Bill rather long and decurved jlateral throat-feathers elongated ..
h"\ Bill shorter and straighter. 
n4. Median rectrices bluntly pointed. 

n5. Either the outermost primary 
or the outermost rectrices reduced 
to a filiform end ......

os. Neither the outermost primary 
nor the outermost rectrices 
reduced to a filiform end ... .

0*. Median rectrices normal, not 
pointed, lateral narrow and 
curved inwards ^

p4. Two outermost rectrices on 
either side filiformg". Tail nearly normal (rounded or 
forked). 
/"', Tail slightly forked, lateral feathers 

of the throat not elongated. 
qA. Throat plain, not glittering ... .
r4. Throat glittering ruby-red

tri". Tail rounded, tipped with white ; 
lateral throat-feathers elongated,.

ri". Tail slightly forked; lateraTthroatfeathers 
elongated ,* central throat-
feathers white, with a small 
terminal ruby-red spot

h"', Tail abnormal, the median rectrices 
very short, the lateral shorter than 
the intermedial 

©'". Lateral rectrices short and very 
acute, half the length of the nextpair, submedian short

pf". All but the short median pair of 
rectrices subequal, each pair curved 
slightly inwards ^

q'". Submedian rectrices very long, at 
least four times as long as theoutermost pair

df 

. Tail rounded or forked, not cuneate, 
sometimes with a terminal spatule; 
rump with a transverse whitish band ; 
neck sometimes with elongated lateral 
plumes; head sometimes crested. 

t". Tail rounded or slightly forked, lateral 
cervical plumes long

j". Tail long and deeply forked, the rectrices 
very narrow and pointed, but 
no terminal spatule, median pair veryshort

k". Tail long and forked, the lateral pair 
of rectrices ending with a spatule ..

e*. Tail cuneate, the rectrices gradually 
narrowed to a blunt point, the median 
and submedian pairs equal; head with 
long glittering superciliary tufts

 [p. 390. 
112. CALOTHOBAX, 
[p. 391. 
118. SELASPHOBTS, 
114. TEOCHILUS, p. 398. 
115. CALYPTE, p. 403. 
118. ACESTBCBA, p. -106. 
117. MELLISUGA, p. 409. 
118. CATHARMA, p. 410. 
119. ATTHXS, p. 411. 
120. STELLTTLA, p. 413. 
[p. 414. 
121. CHJBTOCESCXTS, 
122. MYBTIS, p. 416. 
[p. 418. 
123. THAOIASTUEA, 
124. LOPHOBNIS, p. 419. 
[p. 428. 
125. PBTMNACANTHAJ 
126. DISCTTBA, p. 431. 
127. HBUACJTIN, p. 432, 
64 . EUTOXEKES. 
261 

64. EUTOXERES. 
Te

-r,yp-

Eutoxeres, Reich. Syst. Av. pi. xl. (1849). 

Myiaetina, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249 E. aquila. 

Range. Central America, from Costa Rica southwards, Colombia, 

Ecuador, and Peru. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tail dark greenish brown, each feather more or less 
tipped with white; no blue on the neck; vertex 
wholly feathered. 
a'. Shafts of the outer rectrices white for fully half 
their distal ends aquila, p. 261. 
b'. Shafts of the outer rectrices white only at their 

tips. 
a". Discs of the abdominal feathers buff heterura, p. 262. 
b". Discs of the abdominal feathers white saloini, p. 262. 

b. Three outer rectrices fulvous; a blue patch on either 
side of the neck, a longitudinal bare patch along [p. 263. 
the centre of the vertex condaminii, 
1. Eutoxeres aquila. 
Trochilus aquila, Lodd. MS.; Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 42. 
Polytmus aquila, Gray fy Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 110, pi. 36. 
Eutoxeres aquila, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. 


Hein. iii. p. 3; Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 13; Gould, Ann. 
8r Mag. N. H. 1868, i. p. 456 ; Muls. Hist.% Nat. Ois.-Mouches, I 

p. 27, pi. i. ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 199 j Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 3 (partim); Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 70 j BerL 
J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 313. 
Myietina aquila, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249. 
Grypus aquila, Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 123. 
Upper surface dark shining green, darker on the crown, bluer on 
the rump, the feathers of the former narrowly, of the latter broadly, 
edged with dark fulvous; under surface brownish black, the feathers 
of the throat centred with pale buff, those of the abdomen 
with white; tail dark greenish brown tipped with white, the 
shafts also white for more than half their distal ends, the web 
adjoining gradually becoming more broadly white towards the tip : 
maxilla brownish black ; mandible yellowish. Total length about 
5-3 inches, wing 3-1, tail 2-3, bill (chord) 1*1. 

Sexes probably alike. 

Hah. Colombia. 

a-e. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

f. Ad. sk. Purchased, 
262 TEOCHILI. 

2. Eutoxeres heterura. 
Eutoxeres heterura, Gould, Ann. § Mag. N. H. 1888,1, p. 455 ; Elliot, 

Syn. Troch. p. 3 ; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Hits. Caen, i. p. 73. 
Grypus heterura, Gray, Hand-L B. I. p. 123. 
Eutoxeres aquila, var. heterura, Mids. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, i. 

p. 27. 
Eutoxeres aquila heterura, Tacz. $ Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 132. 
Adult. "Very similar to that of E. aquila, but -with the white 
portions of the shafts of the rectrices restricted to the white tip, 
which on the outer web has a more transverse edge than in the 
allied form; the spots on the centre of the feathers of the under 
surface are all uniform buff. 

This bird varies much as regards the amount of white to the tips 
of the rectrices, and specimens are not uncommon in which these 
tips are wanting, whilst others show them on the central feathers 
only. 

Hah. Eastern valleys of the Andes of Ecuador, up to an elevation 

of 5000 ft. 
a. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Cull. 
b-d. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Sah in-G< tdraan & 
Gould Culls. 
e~g. Ad.; h. Juv.
sk.
i,j. Ad. sk.
h-n. Ad. sk. 
Ecuador. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Ecuador. 
Gould Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 
Sah iu-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

S. Eutoxeres salvia! 
Eutoxeres aquila, Gould, Mon. Troch. I. pi. 3 (Nov. 1851) (nee 
Bourc.); id. Intr. Troch. p. 36; Sah. P. Z. S. l«st57, p. 152; 
Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y.ix. p. 120; Elliot, Syn. Troch, p. 3 (pt.); 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 72. 

TroeMlus aquila, Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vi. p. 139. 
Eutoxeres salvini, Gould, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. leCb. i. p. 456: Salv. 


P. Z. S. 1870, p. 204. 
Grypus salvini, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 123. 
Eutoxeres aquila, var. salvini, Mute. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouehes. i. 
p. 27, pi. L 
Adult. Yery similar to that of E. aquila, and, like that form, 
with the central spots of the abdominal feathers white and not 
buff as in E. heterura. The tail, however, is like that of E. heterura, 
the white shafts not being continued beyond the white terminal 
spots. 

Mr. Elliot unites this bird with E. aquila, at the same time 
allowing E. heterura to stand as distinct. All three birds are very 
closely allied; but if E. salvini be united to either, it should go 
with E. heterura and not with E« aquila, the difference of the colour 
of the spots of the abdominal feathers alone separating them. 

Hob. Costa Eica and the State of Panama. 

65 . THKENETES. 
263 

a, b. Ad. sk. Turrialba, Costa Rica (ArcS). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c-e-<$; f- 2; g, Calovevora, Panama (ArcS). Salvin-Godman & 
. A. Ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

i. Ad. sk. Yeragua (Warszewiez?). Gould Coll. 
(Figured in Mon. Troch. i. pi. 3.) 
j-l. Ad. sk. " Central America." Gould CoU. 

4. Eutoxeres condaminii. 
Trochilus condaminii, Bourc. Compt. Rend, xxxii. p. 180 (1851); id. 
Rev. Zool. 1851, p. 96. 

Eutoxeres condaminii, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 4 (Nov. 1851); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 37; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 15; Cab.fyHeine, 
Mus. Hein. iii. p. 3; Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 13; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 29, pi. 2 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 199; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 3 ; Tac%. F. Z. & 1874, p. 541; 
id. Orn. Per. i. p. 259; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 74. 
Myietina condaminii, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249. 

Upper surface dark shining golden green, much darker on the crown, 
a patch of shining blue on either side of the neck; under surface with 
the whole of the throat nearly black, each feather with a narrow 
central buff streak; abdomen blackish, with the pale buff centres 
much wider ; under tail-coverts blackish, with a central streak and 
the tip buff; tail greenish black, the three outer rectrices on either 
side, except at their bases, fulvous, the central rectrices tipped with 
fulvous white: maxilla brownish black ; mandible yellowish for the 
basal two thirds. Total length about 6 inches, wing 3*1, tail 2*4, 
bi l (chord) 1-15. 

The young bird has the feathers of the upper surface edged with 
buff. 

In this species there appears to be a central line from the bill to 
the nape destitute of feathers—a character not shown in E. aquila 
and its allies. 

Bourcier's type, now in the American Museum of Natural History, 
was figured by Gould in his Monograph. 
Hob. Eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador and Peru. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
c, d. Ad.; e.
Juv. sk. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godmjm & 
Gould Colls. 
f-h. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

65. THEENETES. Type 
Threnetes, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 13 (Oct. 1852); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 40 T. leucums. 
Dnophera, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 175 T. antomse. 
Range. Central America from Guatemala southwards; Colombia, 

Ecuador, Amazons Valley, and Guiana. 

284 
TBOCHILI. 

Key to the Species. 

if Tail not uniform. 

a'. More than the basal half of the lateral, reo 

trices white or huff. 

a". Lateral rectrices, except the outer and 

terminal portion of the outermost two on 

either side, white 
leucurus, p. 264. 

b"> Lateral rectrices, except the outer and 

terminal portion of the outermost two 

on either side, buff 
cervinicauda, p. 265. 

b\ Basal half of the lateral rectrices white, ter


minal half black with white tips. 

c". Chestnut gular spot large; central rec


trices shining green 
ruckeri, p. 265. 

d". Central gular spot small; central rec


trices greenish black 
fraseri, p. 266. 

b. Tail uniform olive-black 
anionic, p. 206. 
1. Threnetes leucurus. 
White-tailed Humming Bird, Edivards, Glean. Nat. Hist. L p. 99, 

pi. 256; Lath. Syn. i. (2) p. 757. 
Polytmus surinamensis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 074 
Colibri a collier rouge, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 59. 
Colibri a collier rouge de Surinam, Buff. PL Enl. 600. f. I. 
Trochilus leucurus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 190; Gm. Syst. Nat. L 

p. 487 ; Vieill N. Diet. dHist. N. viL p. 348; id. Em. Mitk. 
p. 552; Less. Traiti ffiOrn. p. 290; id. Hist Nat. Col p. 83, 
pi. 22 ; id. Ind. Gen. Track, p. xii; d'Orb. $ Lafr. Syn. Av. ii p. 32. 
Glaucis leucurus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 67; Muls. df Verr, Class. 
Troch. p. 14; Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, L p. 40, iv. p. 137 ; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 7. 

Threnetes 
leucurus, Gould, Men. Troch. I. pi. 13 (Oct. 1852); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 60; Reich. Aufz. d. CW.p. 15; Bp. Rev.Zool 1854 

p. 249 ; Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 175 ; Sale. fy Elliot, Ibis, 1873, 
p. 277; Elliot, His, 1877, p. 142 ; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mm. Caen, \. 
p. 92; Boucard, The Humtrdng Bird, i. p. 17. 
Polytmus leucurus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 120. 
Adult. Upper surface shining green ; lores, ear-coverts, and chin 
black; a buff malar stripe on either side, a fulvous patch on the 
breast; abdomen grey ; chest and flanks mottled with black ; under 
tail-coverts with dark greenish-black discs; central rectrices like 
the back, outermost pair on either side white at the base, with, a 
large black patch over the distal portion chiefly on the outer web, 
the next rectrix is almost pure white, those next the central pair 
dark mottled with white, with a white margin and white tip : bill 
black, the basal two thirds of the mandible whitish; feet yellow. 
Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2-3, tail 1*35, bill 1*3. 


D'Orbigny is the authority for the extension of this species into 
Bolivia. Bis specimen in the Paris Museum was examined by Mr. 
Elliot in 1877, and its determination endorsed. 

Hab. Guiana and Bolivia. 

*-f. Ad. sk. Pemerara. Gould Coll. 

65 . XHRENETBS. 
265 

2. Threnetes cervinicauda. 
Threnetes cervinicauda, Gould, P. Z. S. 1854, p. 109; id. Mon. Trock 
i. pi. 14 (Sept. 1861); id. Intr. Track, p. 40; Scl. 8? Salv. P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 979, 1873, p. 286; Salv. $ Mliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 278 ; 
Muls. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 137; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 93; Boucard, The Humming Bird, i. p. 17. 
Glaucis leucurus, Tar. cervinicauda, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 14; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200. 
Glaucis cervinicauda, Elliot, Syn. Troch p. 8: Tacz. Orn. Bir.i. 
p. 260; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 314. 
Polytmus cervinicauda, Gray, Band-l B. i. p. 127. 
Adult. Yery similar to that of T. leucurus, but rather larger, the 

upper surface rather darker, and the rectrices buff where in the 

allied form they are white. 

Eab. Colombia; Eastern Ecuador and the valley of the Upper 

Amazons. 

a. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Ad.; c. Juv. Canelos, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
sk. Gould Colls., 
d, e. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Chamicuros, Peruvian Ama- E. Bartlett [C.]. 

zons. 
g-i. <$ ad. sk. Pebas, Amazons, Mar., June, & Salvin-Godman & 
July (J. HauxiuelT). Gould Colls. 

j. Ad. sk. Amazons (Hauxwell). Gould Coll. 
k. 
Ad. sk. Quito or Napo, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
(A type of the species.) 
3. Threnetes ruckeri. 
Trochilus ruckeri, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 46. 

Glaucis ruckeri, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 11 (Nov. 1851); id. Intr. 

Troch. p. 39; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. T. vii. p. 319, ix. p. 121; Scl 

8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 364; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 14; 

Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 8; Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 87. 

Threnetes ruckeri, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 249; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 204; id. Ibis, 1873, p. 428; Salv. $ 
Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 278 (pt.) ; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, I 
p. 47 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200. 
Polytmus juckeri, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 126. 
Adult. Upper surface shining bronze-green, crown darker; postocular 
spot and maxillary stripe buff: lores, ear-coverts, and chin 
black; breast cinnamon ; rest of the under surface brownish grey; 
under tail-coverts with bronze-green discs; central rectrices like the 
back, proximal half of the lateral white, distal half black, all tipped 
with white: maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, tip black; feet 
yellow. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2*3, tail 1*3, bill 1*35. 

Young birds have the chin and throat-marks ill-defined. 
My authority for including Guatemala in the range of this species 
rests on the existence of a specimen obtained in that country and 

266 TKOCHILI. 

(in 1873, when I examined it) preserved in the Museum of the 
Sociedad Economica de Guatemala. 
Hah. Central America from Guatemala to Panama. 

a. Ad. sk. Angostura, Costa Rica {CarSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
b. Ad. sk.
c. d. Ad. sk.
e. cT ad. sk.
miol). 
Costa Rica (Entires). 
Veragua ( Warszewiez). 
Mina de Chorcha, Panama 
Salvin-Godman CoU. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f, g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad.; L Juv.
sk.
j . Ad. sk.
(Arce). 
Veraguas {Arce). 
Line of Railway, Panama 
(ArcS). 
Paraiso Station, Panama 
Gould CoU. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 
k, 1. Ad. sk.
(Hughes), 
Lion Hill, Panama (McLeannan). 
Salvin-Godman 
Sclater Colls. 
& 

4. Threnetes fraseri. 
Glaucis ruckeri, Set. P. Z. S. 1860, p. 296 (nee Bourc). 
Glaucis fraseri, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi 12 (Sept. 1861); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. .30. 
Glaucis ruckeri, var. fraseri, Muls. § Terr. Class. Troch. p. 1-4 • Muls. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. ^00. 
Threnetes fraseri, Boucard, The Humming Bird, i. p. 17. 

Adult. Very similar to that of T. rvclceri, but with the cinnamon 
patch on the breast much smaller and the rest of the under surface 
greyer ; the central rectrices on the upper surface are purple-black 
with hardly a trace of green. 

Hob. Ecuador. 

or-c. Ad. sk. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Fraser). Gould Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 
d, e. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

5. Threnetes antoniae. 
Trochilus antonise, Bourc. fy Muls. Ann. 8c. Phys. et Nat Lyon. ix. 
p. 329 (1846). 
Lampornis antonise, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 72. 
Threnetes antonise, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 16" (Oct. 1852); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 40; Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 249; Salv. 8f Elliot, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 278 j Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 46, pi. 4, 

iv. p. 136 j Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 90. 
Aphantochroa antonise, JReich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15. 
Dnopkera antonias, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 175. 
Glaucis antonise, Muls. fy Verr, Class. Troch. p. 14; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 46, pi. 3 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200 ; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 7. 
Polytmus antonias, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 127. 

Entire plumage of the body dark greenish bronze, paler on the 
upper surface, darker on the under ; upper tail-coverts edged with 
black; throat black ; tail uniform olive-black, beneath purplish: 

66 . PHAETHOKITIS. 
bill black ; feet yellow. Total length about 4*4 inches, wing 2*25, 
taH 1-2, bill 1-3. 

I have no dissected specimens of this species before me; so 
that I am unable to note any difference in the plumage of the sexes. 
Several specimens are small (wing 2*1), and have an indistinct 
fulvous mark below the black throat; these may be females. 

Hal. Guiana, Cayenne. 
a-g. Ad. sk. (Cayenne make.) Salvin-Godman & 
Gould CoUs. 

m. PHAETHORNIS. 
Type. 
Phsethornis, Sw. Zool. Jonrn. iii. p. 357 (1827) P. superciliosus. 
Phrethornis, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 548 P. superciliosus. 
Pheetornis, Less, Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xiv (1832) P. superciliosus. 
Ptyonornis, Reich. Avfz. d. Col p. 14 (1854) P. eurynome. 
Ametrornis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14 (1854) P. bourcieri. 
Orthornis, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249 P. bourcieri. 
Guyornis, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249 P. guyi. 
Toxoteuches,Gz6.fyHeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 11 (1860). P. guyi. 
Phaetornis (Mesophila), Mute* fy Verr. Class. Troch. 

p; 17 (1865) P. yaruqui. 
Anisopterus, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 72 
(1873; P. pretrii. 
Milornis, Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 77 
(1873) P. squalidus. 
Range. Tropical America from Southern Mexico to Bolivia and 
Southern Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Bill curved. 
a'. Dark grey or sMning green beneath. Adult 
males with the extremity of the median 
rectrices reduced to a point. 

a". Bases of the rectrices green g^V\ p. 268. 
b". Bases of the rectrices bluish green emxlice, p. 268. 
c". Bases of the rectrices black yaruqui, p. 269. 

b'. Grey or rufescent beneath; median rectrices 
of the male normal, not reduced to a point. 
d". Middle rectrices far exceeding the rest in 

length. 
a'". A median gular stripe. 
a4. Under surface buff. 
a\ Rump-feathers narrowly edged with 
buff superciliosus, p. 270. 
b5. Rump-feathers broadly edged with 

buff. 
a6. Larger: under surface greyer .. longirostris, p. 272. 
b8. Smaller: under surface deeper 

fawn-colour bolivianus, p. 273. 

64. Under surface grey hispidus, p. 273. 
c4. Under surface rufous syrmatophorus, 
b"'. Throat-feathers with dark discs. [p. 274, 
d4*. Greyish white beneath anthophilm, p. 275. 

268 TKOCaiJLI. 

e4". Bufescent beneath. 
c5. Larger eurynome, p. 276. 
d5. Smaller squalidus, p. 276. 

e". Eectrices next the central pair very long. 
c'". Greyish white beneath augusii, p. 277. 

d,n 

. Rufescent beneath. 
/ 4 . Larger pretrii, p. 277. 
<?4. Smaller nattereri, p. 278. 

b. Bill nearly straight. 
c\ Under surface pale buff hourcieri, p. 278. 
d\ Under surface rufous philippii, p. 279. 
1. Phaethornis gnyi. 
Trocliilus guyi, Less. Hist. Hat Trock. p. 11% pi. 44. 
Phaethornis guvi, Bp. Consp, Av. i. p. 07; Gould, Mori. Track, i. 
pi. 26 (Oct. 1852) ; id. Intr. Track, p. 44: Beick. Aufz. d. Col 

p. 14; Scl Cat Am. B. p. 235; E. C Taylor, Mis, 186.% p, 90; 
Muls. £ F<?rr. Cte. 2>oc/?. p. 17; Gray, Hand-IB. i.p. 121 ; Scl. 
$ Sah. R Z. S.1868. p. 1G8, 1878, p. 1G; #«/». §• J?/tf<rf, 75w, 1873, 
p. 12 ; Whitely, Ibis, 1873, p. 189 ; J/w&. .Hi**. Nat. Ois.-Jfouckes, 
i. p. 58, iv. p. 138 j id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Zi/ont xxii. p. 200; 
Elliot, Si/n. Trock p. 13; Eudes-Desl. Ann. JIus. Caen, i. p. 97; 
&z/u. Or*. Strickl Coll. p. 359 ; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p, 314. 
Guyornis typus, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 24U. 
Toxoteuches guvi, Cab.fy Heine, JIus. Hein. iii. p. 11 (pt.); Heitze, 


J.f Orn. 18G:3, p. 177. 
Phsetornis guy, £&tf. 0^. Trin. p. 129. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining green, upper tail-coverts 
edged with white and with a sub terminal dark band; ear-coverts 
black ; under surface dark grey, sides of the neck and flanks tinged 
with dark green; throat tinged with ferruginous; tail black, the 
tips of the elongated central feathers white, proximal half of all the 
rectrices dark shining green like the back: maxilla black ; the mandible 
(except the dark tip) red. Total length about 8 inches, wing 
2-4; tail 2*3, lateral feathers 1-3; bill 1-8. 

Younger males have ferruginous postocular and malar stripes, 
paler greyer under surface, and a central gular stripe; the central 
elongated rectrices are longer and the lateral rectrices edged with 
white. 

Female. Like the young male. 
Hah. Venezuela and Trinidad. 


a, h. 6 ad.; c, d. $ Trinidad. Gould & Sclater Colls. 
ad.; e. Juv. sk. 
/. 6 sk. Caripe, Venezuela, Jan. Salvin-Go&man CoU. 

(A. Goering).} 
2. Phaethornis emilia. 
Trochilus emilias, Bourc. fy Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Wat, Lyon, ix, 
p. 317 (1846). 
Phaethornis emiliae, Bp. Consp, A v. i. p. 67; id, Bev. Zool. 1854, 
66 . PHAETHO TINTS. 
p. 249; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14; Gould. Intr. Troch. p. 44 : 
Sate. P. Z. S.1867, p. 153,1870, p. 205 ; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 
ix. p. 121; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 121; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, 
p. 12; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 60; Elliot Syn. 
Troch. p. 13; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 67; Tacz. Orn. P4r. i. 
p. 268. 
Toxoteuclies emiliae, Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 177, 
Trochilus apiealis, Tsch. Fauna Per. p. 243. 
Phaetkornis apiealis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 68. 
Phsetornis guyi, var. emilise, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 17; Mills. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200. 
Phaetkornis yaruqui, Cass. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 194. 
Phaethornis guyi emilise, Bed. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 314. 


Adult male. Very similar to that of P. guyi, but the upper tail-
coverts and the proximal half of the reetrices tinged with blue 
instead of green. The females and young males of the two forms 
appear tmdistinguishable with certainty. 

Hah. Costa Rica and the State of Panama ; Colombia and Peru. 

a,b S ad. sk. Irazu, Costa Rica (Rogers). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. (S ad. ;d,e.2 ad.; Tucurriqui, Costa Rica (ArcS). Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
/, g. Juv. sk. 
h, i. § ad. Costa Rica (Endres). Gould Coll. 
/. <$ ad.: h. Sk. Boquete de Cliitra, Panama Salvin-Godman & 

(Arce). 
Gould Colls. 

I. 3 
juv. sk. Laguna de Castillo, Panama Gould Coll. 
(Arce). 
m. $ ad. sk. Oalovevora, Panama (Arc$). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. 
S ad.; o-q. Santa F£, Panama (ArcS). Salvin-Godman & 
$ juv. sk. Gould Colls. 
r-t. S ad.; u-z. > Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad sk. Gould Colls. 
a1. $ ad. sk. Colombia (Lindig). Sclater Coll. 
b'. $ juv. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 

3. Phaethornis yaruqui. 
Trochilus yaruqui, Bou?*c. Compt. Rend, xxxii.p. 187. 

Phaethornis 
yaruqui, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi, 27 (Oct. 1852); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 44; id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; Reich. Aufz. d. 
Col p. 14; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 285; 3Iuls. $ Verr. Class. Troch 

p. 17; Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 121; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 11; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 56, iv. p. 138; id. Ann. Soc, 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 18; Eudes-Desl 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 95; Bed. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 566. 
Guyornis yaruqui, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249. 

Toxoteuches yaruqui, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 11. 

Distinguishable from P. guyi and P. emillce by having the bases 
of the reetrices blue-black and the under tail-covcrts white. These 
differences are more conspicuous when adult males are compared, 
but they can be traced in specimens of both sexes and all ages. 

Hob. Ecuador. 

a. 3 ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. <$ ad. sk. Banos, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
270 
TBO CHILI. 

c. Juv. sk. Ecuador (Eraser). Sclater Coll. 
d-f. 
S ad.: g-p. Juv. sk. Ecuador. ' Salvin-Godman & 
J Gould Colls. 


4. Phaethornis superciliosns. 
Polytmus cayennensis longicaudus, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 686, pi. 35. 
£5. 

Trochilus superciliosus, Linn. Syst Nat I p. 189 ; Aud. fyFieill Ois. 
Dor. i. p. 42, pi. 17; Vieill N. ZfoVtf.rf'jBY**.2V~ vii. p. 847; *#. 
Enc. Meth. p. 549; Less. Hist Nat Col p. 35, pi. 6 ; «tf. 2nd. Gen. 
Troch. p. xiv. 

Colibri a longe queue de Cayenne, HAub. PL Eal. 600. f. 3. 
Supercilious Humming Bird, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. (2) p. 747. 
Trochilus malaris, Nordm. in Ermaris Reise, p. 2 (1835). 
Phaethornis superciliosus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 67 ; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 


p. 249; Reich, Aufz. d. Col p. 14; Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 17 
(Sept. 1858); Sate. § Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 4; Whitely, P. Z. S. 
1873, p. 188; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 64, iv. p. 139 ; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200; Elliot, Ibis, 1»77, p. 141; 
id. Syn. Troch. p. 14; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 34 ; Sate. Ibis, 1885, 
P*43L 
Phaethornis malaris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 67; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 249; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14; Cab. 4* Heine, Mas. Hein. iii. 
p. 9; Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 41; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 284; Heine, 
J.f.O.a.lS63,p. 176; Muls. $ Ferr. Class. Troch. p. 18; Gray, 
Hand-l B. i. p. 121; ScL $ Sate. P. Z. S. 1807, pp. 753,979,1873, 
p. 286; Pels. Orn. Bras. p. 26; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1*84, p.' 541. 
Phaetomis affinis, Pelz. Sits, math.-nat CI Ah. JFiss. Wien, xx. 
p. 157 (1856). 
Phaethornis consobrinus, " Bourc." Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14; 
Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 42. 
Phaethornis moorei, Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vi. p. 258; ScL P. Z. S. 
1860, p. 296; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 284; Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, 

p. 176; Muls. $ Ferr. Class. Troch. p. 18. 
Phaethornis frafcerculus, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 18 (Sept. 1861); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 42; ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 285; Muls. ^ Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 18. 

Phaethornis 
longirostris, Ridgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. iii. p. 309 
(partim). 
Adult. Upper surface greenish, bronze, tlie crown darker; the 
feathers of the back and rump with a snbterminal dark bar and 
fringed with buff; superciliary and malar stripes buff; lores and 
ear-coverts black; under surface greyish drab; the throat blackish, 
with a faint indication of a median stripe (much more apparent in 
some specimens than others); tail shining green, the distal third 
black, the lateral feathers tipped with buff, the elongated portion of 
the median feathers white: maxilla black; mandible, except the 
tip, flesh-colour; feet brown, Total length about 7 inches, wing 2-5; 
tail 3*1, lateral feathers 1*1; bill 1-95. 
Female. Smaller than the male, lighter buff beneath, and with the 
longitudinal median gular stripe clearer. 
Specimens with dark throats on which the central gular stxipe can 
barely be traced all appear appear to come from Cayenne ; they are 

66. PHAETHOEFIS. 
the typical P. superciliosus (Linn.) as figured by Audebert and 
Lesson. 

Examples from all other districts have the throat less black and 
the median stripe apparent. A good deal of variation is also observable 
in the colour of the tips of the lateral rectrices, -which are 
nearly white in some examples and strongly tinged with buff in 
others. Dimensions also vary in addition to the different size of 
the sexes. 

In 1873 Mr. Elliot and I examined the claims of the various 
birds allied to P. superciliosus to be considered distinct species; and 
going over the same ground again with a larger series before me, I 
see no satisfactory reason for altering the decision we then arrived 
at, viz., that there was but one really definite species. 

Of the names given to it, P. superciliosus (Linn.) seems strictly 
applicable to the dark-throated Cayenne bird, P. malaris (Nordm.) 
and P. affinis, Pelz., being synonymous. P. moorei and P. consobrinus 
apply to the bird of the Upper Amazons Yalley, to which 
that of British Guiana is precisely similar *. P. fraterculus was based 
on small specimens from Para and Cayenne, probably females. 

In placing these birds together I am only judging from the materials 
before me, such as they are. Carefully collected specimens with full 
particulars with each as to sex, date of capture, and exact locality, 
might alter the view I now adopt. 

Hob. Amazons Yalley from the base of the Andes; Guiana. 

a-d. Ad. etjuv. 
sk. 
Colombia (Bogota make). Selater& Gould Colls. 
e,f. Ad.sk. Canelos, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. 
i,j. Ad. sk. 
h\ I. Ad. sk. 
B. Napo, Ecuador. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley).
Peruvian Amazons (E. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
m. $ ad. sk. 
BaHlett). 
Yquitos, Amazons, Oct. (H. Gould Coll. 
n. Ad, sk. 
Whitely). 
Amazons (Hauxwell's make). Gould CoU. 

(Ex G. N. Lawrence j, typical of P. moorei) 

o, p. c? ad.; q. Pebas, Amazons, April; May Salvin-Godman & 
2 ad.; r, s. (J. Hauxwell). Gould Colls. 
Ad. sk. 

£, u. Ad. sk. Demerara. 
Gould Coll. 

v. 
$ ad.; w, x. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
? ad. sk. Jan., Oct., Dec. (H. Whitely). 
y. 
<S ad.sk. Merurne Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (JET. W.). 
z. 
c? ad. sk. Camacusa, Brit. Guiana, Mar. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(&. W.). 
a\ $ ad. sk. R. Atapurow, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (JBC. W.). 
b'. $ ad. sk. Quonga, Brit. Guiana, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(&. w.y 

* Recently described by M. Boucard as :•— 
PHAETHORNIS GUIANBNSIS, * The Humming Bird/ i. p. 17 (Mar. 1891). 
272 
THOCHILI. 

c'-e'. Ad. sk Para. 
Gould CoH. 

/' . Ad. sk. 
Gould CoH. (Type 

(Cayenne make.) 

of P. fraterculus ?) 
gf-o\ Ad. sk. (Cayenne make.) Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 
p\ Ad. sk. Purchased


5. Plaethonds longirostris. 
Ornismya longirostris, Less. $* Delattre, Echo du Monde Savantf 

1843," no. 45, p. 1070. 
Trochilus ceplialus, Bourc. # Muls. Rev. Zool 1843, p. 269. 
Phaethornis ceplialus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14,-Gould, Mon. Track 

i. pi. 16 (Sept. 1858) \ Set. $ Sale.Ibis, 3859, p. 126; Muls. $ Verr. 
Class. Troeh. p. 18; Muls. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 64, iv. 
p. 140; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, i. p. 200. ^ 
Phaethornis longirostris, Gould, Mon. Track, i. pi. 10 (Sept. 1858); 
id. Tntr. Troch. p. 42; Set. P. Z. S. 1857T p. 227 j id! Cat Am. B. 

p. 285; Cab. § Memet Mus. Bern. iii. p. 9; Later. Ann. Lyc. K. Y. 
yii. p. 310, ix. p. 121; ScL fy Sah. P. Z. S. 1804t p. 304. 1S79, 
p. 528; Gray, Band~l i. p. 121; Salv. Ik's, 1806, p. 204,1872, p. 39; 
id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 205; Wyatt, Ibi\ lb7I, p. 370 ; Salv. $ Elliot, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 5; de Oca, La Sat. in. p. 200; Elliot, Syn. Track. 
p. 42; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 67; Berl Pr. U.S. Xat Mus. ji. 
p. 560. 
Phaethornis moorii, ScL P. Z. S. 1860, p. 20G._ 
Phaethornis cassini, Laicr. Ann. Lyc. y. T. viii. p. 347. 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of P. sujierciUosu$7 but with 
the feathers of the back and rump more broadly edged with buff. 
The tips of the lateral reetrices are whiter or greyer in northern 
specimens, but more distinctly tinged with buff in southern examples. 


Bab. Southern Mexico and Central America to Northern Colombia. 

a, b. Ad. sk. S. 3Iexico (Salle). Gould Coll. 

e. 
$ ad.; d. Chimalapa, Tehuantepec, Mex., Salyin-Godman Coll. 
Ad. sk. Mar.,Apr. (JV.B.Richardson). 
e-g. <$ ad.; h. San Felipe, British Honduras Salvin-Godman Coll. 
? ad. sk. (F. Blancaneauv). 
i,j. Ad. sk. British Honduras (P. P.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

h. J ad. j /, m. Choctum, Guatemala, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Ad. sk. (O. S.SfF.D. G.}. 
72, o. Ad. sk. Guatemala. O. Salvin "0.]. 

p. 
$ ad.; qf r. Chontales, Nicaragua (T. Salvin-GoSman Coll. 
Ad. sk. Belt). 
s. 
Ad.sk. San Juan, Nicaragua. Gould Coll. 
t. Ad. sk. Costa Rica (Endres). Salvin-Godraan Coll. 
u. Ad.sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll 
v. § ad. sk. Bugaba, Panama (Arci). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
w~a''. Ad. sk. Lion Hill, Panama (McLean-Salvin-Godman & 
nan). Sclater Colls. 
b\ c'. c? ad. sk. Pueblo Viejo, N. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(P. Simons). 
d\ 
Ad. sk. BarranquiHa, Colombia Sclater Coll. 
(Rippon). 

66. pn VETHOUNT*. 278 
<?'. Ad.sk. Eemedios, Colombia (jf. X. Salvin-Goduiau Coll. 
Salmon). 
f.S ad. sk. EsmeraldaSj Ecuador, Nov. Sclalor Coll. 
(Eraser). 

6. Phaethornis bolMaaus. 
Phaethornis boliviana, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 42. 
Phaethornis superciliosus, Sol,fySalv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 620. 

Adult, Very similar to that of P. longirosiris, but rather smaller, 
and the under plumage fawn-colour and less grey; the outer rectrices 
are tipped with deep buff, in this respect resembling more 
southern examples of P. longirostris. Total length about 5-5 inches, 
wing 2-2; tail 2-5, lateral rectrices 0*9 ; bill 1*5. 

In our review of the genus Phaetliomis, Mr. Elliot and I considered 
P. bolivianus, Gould, to be inseparable from P. longirostris, 
and we doubted the authenticity of the locality ascribed to the type 
of Gould's description. Several specimens of a Phaethornis obtained 
by Buckley in Bolivia agree with the type of P. boliviano so that 
the locality given by Gould is fully confirmed. The slight differences 
existing between these birds and typical P. longirostris thus 
assume greater importance, seeing that the ranges of the two birds 
are separated by a wide interval, the intervening country being 
apparently occupied by P. superciliosus. 

Specimenfl include herewith some doubt. It is larger than 
typical P. bolivianus, but has the under plumage deep fawn-colour. 
It is marked as coming from Brazil on the authority of a Mr. Campbell. 


Hab. Bolivia. 

a. Juv. sk. Bolivia. Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley), Salvin-Godraan Coll. 
c-e. Ad. sk. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
/ . Sk. "Brazil" (Campbell). Gould Coll. 
7. Phaethornis hispidus. 
Trochilus ( ?) hispidus, Gould, P. Z. S.1846, p. 90. 
Phaethornis hispidus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 08; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 


p. 219; Gould, Mon. Trock i. pi. 22 (Oct. 1852) ; id. Intr. Troch. 
p. 43; Muls. & Verr. Class. Troch. p. 18; Sol. § Salv. P. Z. S. 
1806, p. 193,1873, p. 186; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 7; Muls. 
Hist. Wat. Ois.-Mouehes, I p. 70 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 200; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 16; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, I 
p. 110; Tacz. P. Z. S.1882, p. 34; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 265; Berl. 
J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 315. 
Trochilus oseiyi, Bourc. Sf Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, (2) IV. p. 139 

(1852). 
Ptyonornis hispida, Reich. Aufo. d. Col p. 14. 
Ametrornis oseryi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14. 

VOL. xvi. T 

274 
TE0CH1L1, 

PJ)ae&ornis oseryi, Bp. Be». ZooL 1854, p. 240; Gould, Man. Truck 
I pi. 23 (Sept. 1853); id Inir. Trock. p. 43; JIuls. % Terr. 
Class. Trock. p. 18; Gray, Hand-L B. L p. 122; Scl §• #afo. 

P. Z. S. 1867, p. 979, 1873, p. 287; Eudes-Desl Ann, Mus. Caen, 
i.p.112. 
Pliaetliorais villosus, Laivr. Ann. Lyc. X. T. vi. p. 259. 
Phaethornis antkophilus, Pete. Orn. Bras. p. 27 ? 
Adult. Upper surface dark shining green; crown dark "brown: 

feathers of the lower back with a subterrainal dark transverse bar, 

and tipped with a broad grey fringe; superciliary, malar and gular 

stripes dull white; rest of the under surface grey, the sides of the 

neck mottled with whitish, and the middle of the abdomen white; 

lateral rectrices dark green at the base, with wbite shafts, sub-

terminally brownish black and tipped with white, the two elongated 

central feathers dark green at the base, the prolonged tips white : 

maxilla black; mandible, except the tip, whitish. Total length 

about 5*5 inches, wing 2, tail 2-15, bill I'D. 

Hah. Talley of the Upper Amazons from Colombia to Bolivia. 

a-e. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Gudman & 
Goiild Coll*. 
d, Ad, <k. Quito, Ecuador. Gmhl Coll. 


e. Ad.sk. Ecuador (G. N. Lawrence). 
GhiuldColL 
(Typical of P. villosus. Lawr. 
f-h. Ad. sk. [Ecuador.] Gould Coll. 

i. 
c? ad.; /, k. Pebas, Amazons, June {J. Hauw-Sahia-Godman & 
Ad. sk. ' well). Sclater Colls. 
I 
<$ ad. sk. Iquitos, Amazons, March (JET. Gould Coll. 
Wliitely). 


m. 
Ad. sk, Bolivia (Bridges). Gould Coll 
(Type of the species.) 
8* Phaethornis symatophorus. 

Phaethornis svrinatopkortis, Gould, Contr. Or/i. 1851, p. 129; id. 
Mon. Troch. i. pi. 20 (Oct. 1^52]; id. Intr. Truck, p. 42; id. 

P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803 j Meich Aufz. d. Qui p. 14; Bp. Rao. ZooL 
1854, p. 249 ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 14,3; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 285; 
Muls. §* Verr. Class. Trock. p. 18; Gray. Haad-l. B. L p. 121; 
Salt. §- Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 8; Muh. Hist. Nat Ois.-Momhes, l 
p. 68, iv. p. 141 j id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 200; Elliot, Syn. 
Trock. p. 16; Scl. $ Sail). P. Z. S. 1879, p. 528; Eudes-DesL 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 109; Tacz. $ Berl P. Z. S. 1884, p. SOS, 
1885, p. 102. 

? Phaethornis columbianus, Bernard. The Summing Bird. L p, 17 
(Mar. 1891). 

Adult. Upper surface dark bronze-green, each feather with a subterminal 
dark band and fringed with buff; crown dark brown; rump 
fawn-colour; postoeular and malar stripes pale buff; lores and ear-
coverts black; middle of the throat white, edged laterally with an 
indistinct band of dark spots, more definite in younger birds ; rest 
of the under surface fawn-colour; tail dark green at the base, with 
a broad subterminal black band, the lateral feathers tipped with 

66 . PHAET&OKNIS. 
275 

fawn-colour, the elongated portion of the central pair white: 
maxilla black; mandible, except the tip, orange-red. Total length 
about 6 inches, wing 2*3, tail 2*9, bill 1*6. 

Hah. Colombia (Cauoa Valley) and Ecuador. 

a. cS ad. &k. Sta. Elena, Colombia (T. K Sal- Salvin-Godman CoU. 
mon). 
b. Ad. sk. Medellin, Colombia (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. 
(S ad. sk. Pallatanga, Ecuador, Oct. Sclater Coll. 
(Fraser). 
d. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Fraser). Gould Coll. 
e. f. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Fraser). Gould Coll. 
(j. Ad. sk. Napo, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Jameson), Gould Coll. 
i-k. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godinan & 
Gould Colls. 
I, m. Ad. sk. Sarayaeu, Ecuador (Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 

n. Ad. sk. Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
9. Phaethornis anthophilus. 
Trochilus antkophilus, Bourc. fy Mttls. Ann* So. Bhys. et Nat. Lyon, 
vi. p. 47 (1843); id. Rev. Zool 1843, p. 71. 
Phaethornis anthophilu&, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 68; id. Rev. Zool 
1854, p. 249; Reich. Aiifz. d. Col. p. 14; Gould, Won. Troch. I 
pi. 24 (May 1854); id. Intr. Troch. p. 43; Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 139 ; 
id. Cat. Am. B. p. 285; Cab. 8f Seine, Mm. FLein. iii. p. 8 ; Muls* 
§• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 18; Gray, JSand-l. B. i. p. 122; Scl 
§• Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 628; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 9; 
Mills. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 83; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 201; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 16; Salv. $ Godm. Ibis, 1880, 
p. 171: Eudes-Desl Ann. Mies. Caen, i. p. 120: Berl J.f.O.n, 
1887, p. 315. 
Adult. Upper surface bronze-green, each feather with a narrow 
subterminal dark band and fringed with buff ; crown dark brown ; 
postocular spot white; lores and ear-coyerts black; under surface 
greyish white, flanks tinged with buff; feathers of the throat with 
dark discs; tail pale green at the base, with a broad subterminal 
dark band and with grey white-edged tips, the elongated portion of 
the central pair white: maxilla black; mandible, except the tip, 
flesh-colour. Total length about 5'8 inches, wing 2*35, tail 2*35, 
bill 1*55. 

Eab. Northern and Central Colombia and Venezuela. 

a-k Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godinan & 
Gould Colls. 
i ? ad. sk Valley Dupar,K Colombia, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(F. Simons), 
jJ' 
S ad. sk. Valencia, 
(F. S.). 
N. Colombia, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k. Ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 

T2 

27fi TKOOHFLI. 

10. Phaethornis enryaome. 
Trocliilus eurynome, Less, Hist Nab. Track, p. 91, pi. 31 ; id. 1ml. 

Gen. Troch. p. xiv. 

Trocliilus melanotis, Nordm. in ErmarCs Reise, p. 2, pi. 17. 

Phaethornis eurynome, GWc?, Mon. Track. i. pi. 16 (June 1849); 

2& JW. Track, p. 41; J5^. Consp. Av. i. p. 07; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 249; J&M>7J. •iv/s. & Col p. 14; i?wm %tf. Ueb. ii. p. 324; 
6V>. # i&tVw, J/w. JSWz. iii. p. 9; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 284; It/tf/a. 
# Fm\ Ote. TmA. p. 18 ; tfwry, 5fl»rf-/. J?, i p. 121; P^fe. Or a. 
Bras, p. 27; Salv. £ Elliot, Mis, 1873, p. 8; Afwfe. J?i&. 2s at. 
Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 80, pi. 0, iv. p. 143; id, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 
xxii. p. '201; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 17; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 118; Sail). Cat. Strickl Coll. p. 3.59. 
Phaethornis melanotis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 67; Reich. Aufa. d. Col. 

p. 14. 
Adult. Upper surface dark bronze-green, each feather with a 
distinct subterminal band and a fulvous fringe; crown dark brownish 
black, the feathers edged (broadly on the nape) with fulvous; postocular 
and malar stripes dark buff, the latter paler; lores and ear-
coverts black; under surface huffish grey, more buff in some specimens, 
greyer in others, the feathers of the throat with conspicuous 
black discs; tail green at the base, a broad sub terminal band and 
white tips, the elongated portion of the central pair white: maxilla 
black* mandible, except the tip, yellow. Total length about 
6-4 inches, wing 2-3, tail 2-9, bill 1*55. 

Hob, Brazil, Southern provinces. 

a-g. Ad. sk. Brazil (Rio make). Salvin-Godmau & 

Gould Colls. 
It. Ad. sk., var. Brazil. Gould Coll. 
i,j. Ad. sk. N. Fribonrgo, Brazil (Touds). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

h. Ad. sk. Eio Claro, Goyaz, Brazil (Joyner). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I, m. Ad, st. Purchased. 
11. Phaethornis sgualidus. 
Trocliilus squalidns, Watt, in Temm. PI. Col 120. f. 1; Less. Man. 
d'Orn. v. p. 74, f. 2; id. Hist. Nat. Col. p. 40, pi. 8; id. Ind. 
Gin. Troch. p. xv« 

Trocliilus leucophrys, Nordm, in Ermanh Reise, p. 2. 
Phaethornis leucophrys, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 67; Reich. Aufz. d. 
Col. p. 14. 
Phaethornis squalidus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 68; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 249; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14; Burm. Syst Ueb. ii. p. 325; Cab. 
§• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 8; Gould, Intr. Troch, p. 45; Scl Cat 
Am. B. p. 286 ; Muls. § Verr. Class, Troch. p. 18; Eider, J. f. 
Om. 1868, p. 182; Pete. Orn. Bras. p. 27; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 
1878, p. 9; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1873, p. 273; id. Pr. U.S. Nat Mus. xi. 
p. 560; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 77, iv. p. 142; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 201; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 17 ; 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 117. 
Phaethornis intermedins, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 30 (Oct. 1853) 
{nee Lesson). 

00. rnvr/rnoiiNi^. 
277 

Pygmornis intermedins, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250. 

Ptyonornis intermedins, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14. 

Pygmornis squalidus, Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 122. 

Adult Upper surface dark bronze-green, each, feather obscurely 
fringed with buff; crown dark brown; postocular stripe dusky 
white; lores and ear-coverts black; under surface buff, brownish 
on the flanks; throat brown, the feathers with buff fringes; tail 
dull dark green at the .base, with a broad subterminal black band 
and tipped with buff, the elongated portion of the central pair 
white: maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour, distal half black. 
Total length 4-8 inches, wing 1-S, tail 2, bill 1*05. 

Bah, South-eastern Brazil. 

a-i. Ad. sk. Brazil (Rio make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

j. 
Ad. sk. Santa Fe, Minas Geraes, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll 
(Rogers), 
12. Phaetlioriiis august!. 
Trochilus 
augusti, Bourc, Ann. 8c. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, x. p. 623 
(1847). 
Phaethornis augusti, Bp* Consp. A v. i. p. 68; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 249; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14; Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 29 
(May 1854); id. Intr. Troch. p. 45 ; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. 
p. 18; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 376; Salv. 8f ElliotK Ibis, 1878, p. 10 ; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 75, pi. 5; id. Ann. Soc.Linn. 
Lyon,xxn. p. 201; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 14; Eudes-Desl. Ann. 
Mtis. Caen, i. p. 116; Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 431; Berl.J.f.O.n. 
1887, p. 314. 
Allied to P. pretrii, and with the tail similarly formed, but the 
postocular and malar stripes are white instead of buff, and the 
entire under surface grey instead of cinnamon. 

Eab. Colombia, Venezuela, and British Guiana. 

a, h. Ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela (SalU). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

c. Ad. sk Venezuela (Spence). Sclater Coll. 
d-f. Ad.sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
g, h. S acl.; i, Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. 2 ad. sk. &Dec. (M. WMtely). 
A\* 9 ad. sk. Quonga, Brit. Guiana, Sept. Salvin-Godmon Coll. 

(II. W.). 
13. Phaefhoriris pretrii 
Trochilus superciliosus, Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 116 (nee Linn.). 
Trochilus pretrii, Less. $ Delattre, Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 20. 
Phaethornis pretrii, Bp. Consp. Av. I p. 65; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 249 ; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14; Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 28 
(May 1854); Beh. Orn. Bras. p. 27; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, 
p. 11; MnlsrIIisL Nat. Ois.-Moitches,\. p. 72; id. Amu Soc. Li/»: 
278 
TKOGHILI. 

Lyo7i, xxii. p. 201; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 14; Eudes-Desl Ann. 

Mus. Cam, i. p. 114; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 359; Berl. Pi\ 

US. Nat. Miis. xL p. 559. 

Phaethoxnis superciliosus, JBurm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 323; Cab. |


Seine, Mus. JSein. iii. p. 9 ; Gould, Intr. Troch, p. 45; Scl. Cat. 

Am. B. p. 286; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 18; Gray, Eand-l 

B. i. p. 121; Reinh. Vidensk. Medd. Nat For. Kjob. 1870, p. 99 : 
Jtidgio. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. iii. p. 309. 
Adult. Upper surface shining bronze-green, crown dark; rump 
rusty red; postocular and malar stripes pale buff: lores and ear-
coverts black; under surface cinnamon, a little darker on the 
throat, which has a pale median stripe; tail bronze-green, all the 
feathers broadly tipped with white, the lateral ones with a broad 
subterminal black band: maxilla black ; mandible, except the tip, 
red. Total length about 6 inches, wing 2'2o; tail, central reetriees 
2-9, next pair 2'2o, outer pair 1 ; bill 1*5. 

Hah. Brazil from Bahia to the southern province*. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil (Wvcherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c-i. Ad. sk. Brazil (Bahia make). Gould Coll. 

j. 
Ad. sk. Santa Fe, Mrnas Gerae^ Brazil Salvin-Oudiuan Coll. 
{Rogers). 
Jc, I. cJ ad. sk. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll 
Jan. & Aug. (K JS. Smith). 

14. Phaethomis nattereri. 
Phaetornis longuemareus, Feh. Dm. Bras. p. 27. 
Phaethomis nattereri, Berl. Ibis, 1887, p. 2&9. 
? Phaetornis gounellei, Boueard, The Humming Bird, i. p. 17 (Mar. 


1891). 

Upper surface bronze-brown; rump rufous; supercilium and 
under surface pale fulvous, a little darker on the throat; tail 
graduated, the feathers narrow, the four central ones tipped with 
white, the rest with pale fulvous : bill black; the mandible, except 
the extreme tip, flesh-colour; feet hazel. Total length about 
4*5 inches, wing 1*8; tail, central feathers 1-8, lateral 0*7; bill 1*15. 
(Type, Mus. Berlepsch.) 

I only know this bird from seeing the type, kindly lent me by 
Count Berlepsch. It appears to be a small form of P. preirii. 
Hab. Brazil, Matto Grosso (batterer)* 

15. Phaethoniis boTircieri. 
Trochilus bourcieri, Less. Mist. Nat. Troch p. 02, pL 18; id. Tad. Gen. 
Troch. p. xiv. 
Phaetliornis boureieri, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 67; Gould, Man. Troch. 

i. pi. 26 (May 1853); id. Intr. Troch. p. 43; Scl. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 288; Muls. % Vm\ Class. Troch. p. 18; Gray. Eand-l B. L 
p. 121; Scl. £ Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, p. 752,1873, p. 280; Salv. £ 
Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 13; Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouehest L p. 85, 
iv. p. 143; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 201; JSlUot, Syn. 
66 . PTT\T]TirORNIS. 
Trock p. 12; Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 121-Tact. 

P. Z. S. 1882, p. 34; id. Orn. PSr. I p. 267; Salv. Ibis, 1885, 
p. 431. 
Ametrornis bourcieri, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14; Cab. §• Seine 
Mus. Hein. ii. p. 10. 
Ametrornis abnormis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14: Pelz. Om Bras 
pp. 27, 56. 

Ortnornis bourcieri, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 249. 

Phaetliomis whitelyi, Boucard, The Mumming Bird, i. p. 18 (Mar 

1891). 
1 v 

Adult. Upper surface dark bronze-green, the feathers of the 
lower back and upper tail-coverts tipped with buff and with a subterminal 
dark band; superciliary and malar stripes buff; ear-
coverts dark; under surface greyish buff, lighter in the middle line; 
tail bronze-green, the central elongated rectrices white towards 
their tips, the rest blacker towards their ends and tipped with buff: 
maxilla black; mandible pale flesh-colour, the tip black. Total 
length about 5*5 inches, wing 2-2, tail 2'2, lateral rectrices 1, 
bill 1-4. 

Female like the male. 
Hah. Guiana and the Amazons Valley to the base of the Andes 
of Ecuador and Peru. 

a. Ad. &k. Oanelos, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
b, e. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Peruvian Amazons (JS. Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
/, g. (S ad. sk. Pebas, Amazons, April, June (/. Salvin-Godman OolL 
Hauxwell). 

h. 
$ ad. sk. Camacusa, Brit. Guiana, April Salvin-Godman OolL 
(JS. Wliitely). 
i. 2 ad. sk. Merume* Mts., Brit. Guiana, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. W.). 
o\ 9 ad. sk. E. Atapurow, Brit. Guiana, Jan. SaMn-Godman Coll. 
k. $ ad. sk. Koraima, Brit. Guiana, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. W.). 
l-o. 
Ad. sk. (Cayenne make.) Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 

16. Phaethornis pMlippii. 
Trochilus philippii, Bourc. fy Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyom 
x. p. 623 (1847). 
Trochilus fflippi, Bourc. Rev. Zool 1847, p. 401. 
Phaethornis philippii, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 68 ; Gould, Mon. Troch 
i. pi. 21 (Sept. 1855); id. Intr. Troch. p. 43; Muls. # Verr. Class 
Troch. p. 18; Salv. $ MUot, Ibis, 1873, p. 13; Muls. Hist. Nat 
OisrMouches, i. p. 27; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 201. 
MUot, Syn. Troch. p. 12; Scl. # Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 627; 
Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 123. 
Ametrornis defilippi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iii. p. 10. 

Adult. "Upper surface dark bronze-green, crown darker, each, 
feather with, a fulvous tip and a subterminal dark bar, more con


280 
TE0CH1LI, 

spicuous on the lover back and rump; under surface rufous-ta-wny, 
under tail-coverts paler; tail Hack, the middle pair of rectxices 
tipped with "white, the rest with rufous : maxilla black ; mandible, 
except the tip, flesh-colour; feet pale hazel. Total length about 
5*7 inches, wing 2*3 ; tail, central rectrices 2*3, lateral 1 ; bill 1*4. 

Some years ago I examined the type of this species, then in 
Mr. Elliot's Collection. More recently a second specimen was 
obtained by Herr (xustay Garlepp at JPonteboa, on the Amazons. 
This is now in Count Berlepsclfs collection, and was lent to me for 
examination and description. 

Hah. Bolivia and Amazons Valley. 

67. PTGltOBinS *. 
Type. 
Pygmornis, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 230. 
Ereniita; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14. 
Mourns, Muh. § ferr. Class. Trot*, p. 19 (ISflo) ........ P. Idalite. 
Fygornis, Jftds. $ Terr. Ckt^. Track, p. 18. 

Range. Tropical America from South-eastern Mexico to South 
Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

a. No distinct Mack pectoral crescent. 
d. 
Hump and under tail-coverts more or less 
rufescent. 
a", Central rectrices subterniinally nearly 
black ......................,* gmeigularu, p. 280. 
h". Central rectrices subterminally dark 
green. 
d". Throat grey, with distinct stripes ... . striigulari\ p. 261. 
b'". Throat rufous, unstriped . .. . adolphi, p. ic?i>. 

V. 
Bump nearly uniform with the back, the 
feathers narrowly edged with rufous; under 
tail-covert* white. 
a". Rump-feathers distinctly efedwith rufou^ longvfM'm /, ]». 2s5. 
d''. Hump green, scarcely talgtlil with ruiUi-. ida&e, p. iKl. 

b. A distinct black pectoral crescent. 
c'. Basal half of the mandible yellow. 
e". 
Outer rectrices beneath subterminally 
black eptscopi/fi, p. 2&4. 

f. Outer rectrices beneath -uhteimaHy bronze pygmav^.y. 28*1 
d1. Basal three-fouiths of the mandible yellow . aigricuicfu^ p. 2*^0, 
1. Pygmornis griseignlaris. 
Pkaethorais 
griseigulnris, Gould, P. Z. & 1651, p. Ho; id, M»,t 
Truck, I pi. 36 (Xov. 1851J ; Set. Cut. Am. A p. 2tftj; Gray, 

* I do not know the bird described by Count v. JJerlopseh as :~~ 
PlIAETIIORNIS RIQJM, Ibis, 1869, p. 182. 
Ecib. N. Peru. 
It isbuid to be allied to P. hi'riiyulov4. 
67 . PYftMORNTS. 2bl 
Hand-l B. i. p. 122; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 18; Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1880, p. 204; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 270 ; Berl J.f Om. 1887, p. 315. 
TroeMlus aspasiae, Bourc. fy Muls. Ann. Soc. Zinn. Lyon, (2) iii. 

p. 188. 
Pygrnornis griseignlaris, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Salv. & Elliot, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 272; Seine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 176. 
Eremita giiseigularis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14. 
Pygornis griseigularis, Muls. § Terr. Clans. Troch. p. 19. 
Pygnioriis giLeogularis, Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 8; Gould, 

Intr. TrocJi. p. 47; JInls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 97 ; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 201. 
Phaethornis zonura, Gould, P. Z. S. I860, p. SOS; id. Mon. Troch. i. 
pi. 36 (Sept. 1861). 
Pygrnornis zonura, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 47. 

Adult male. Upper surface bronze-green, darker on the crown; 
rump dark rufous ; postocular stripe burr"; ear-coverts black; under 
surface pale nifous, chin dark grey; tail black, the central pair of 
feathers with a slight bronze hue and tipped with dingy white, the 
rest edged terminally with rufous : maxilla black, basal half of the 
mandible yellow. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 1*45; tail 
1*35, lateral rectriees 0*57; bill 1. 

Female. Similar to the male, but rather paler beneath. 

A common bird in trade collections from Bogota. Stolzmann's 
specimens were shot at Callacate in Peru at an elevation of 4800 
feet above the sea. 

Hah. Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. 

a-f. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 
g-m. Ad. sk, Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

n, o. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
p,
r. 
q. Ad. sk. 
Ad. sk. 
Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
Peru (Warszeioiez). Gould Coll.
of P. zonur 
(Type 
a.) 
s. Ad. sk. Callacate, N, Peru (Stolzmann). Sclater Coll. 

2, Pygmornis striigularis. 

Phaethornis striigularis, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 37 (Oct. 1854); 
Scl. P.Z.8. 1854, p. Ill, 1855, p. 180; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 286; 
Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 122; Elliot, Sy?i. Troch. p. 19; Tacz. Orn. 
Per. i. p. 272; Berl J.f Orn. 1887, p. 316; Ridgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. 
Mus. xi. p. 560. 

Troehilus amaura, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1856, p. 552. 
Phaethornis atrimentalis, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vi. p. 260. 
Phaethornis amaura, Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 32 (May 1859). 
Phaethornis sp. ?, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 194._ 
Pygmornis striigularis, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 7; Gould, 


Intr. Troch. p. 48; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 273; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 96, iv. p. 146; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 201; Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S.1883, p. 566. 
Pygornis striigularis, Muls. $r Verr. Class. Troch. p. 19. 
282 
TROCHILI. 

Pygmorais amaura, Cab. $ Heme, Mus. Seine, iii. p. 7; Heine, J. f. 
Orn. 1868, p. 176 ; Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 752,1873. p. 287. 
Phaethornis adolphi, Bidgw* Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. iii p. 309 (nee 
Bourc. apud Bei'lepsch). 

Advlt. Upper surface bronze-green, crown much darker, feathers 
of the rump edged with rufous; postocxilar stripe buff; ear-coverts 
black; under surface greyish, flanks tinged with rufous; throat 
dark, with a more or less striped appearance; tail dark bronze-
green, the central rectrices tipped with dingy white, the rest with 
narrow buff tips: maxilla black, the basal half of the mandible 
yellow. Total length about 3*8 inches, wing 1*7: tail, central rectrices 
1-4, lateral 0*7; bill 1*05. 

A close ally of P. griseigidaris, the best differential character 
being the colour of the tail, which has the subterminal portion 
nearly black in the above-named species, bronzy green in P. striigularis. 
The latter, too, has a more striated throat, more obvious 
in Colombian than hi Ecuadorian specimens. 

The names P. striigidaris and P. maavra were both La^ed upon 
Colombian skins, P. atnmeatcdis on an example from Ecuador. 
Ilab. Colombia, Ecuador, and Upper Amazons Valley. 


a~c. Ad. &k. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Cull (Types 
of the *pfde*.j 
d-h Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Sc Sclater 
Colls. 
Ad. sk. Napo, Ecuador (Jameson). (JouldCoJl. (Figured 

as P. amatira, Mon, Truck) 
j, h. Ad. sk. Napo (Jameson), Gould Coll. 
'l. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
m,n. Ad.sk. Baisa, Ecuador (Bucldey). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o,p. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvm-Godman Coll. 

q. Ad. sk. Santa Bosa, Ecuador (Villa- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
gomez). 
r. 
Ad. sk. Balzar 3Its., Ecuador (Ming- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
worth), 
s. Ad. sk. Ckyavetas, Peruvian Amazons Goulcl Coll. 
(P. Bartlett). 
8. Pygmornis adolphi 
Phaethornis 
adolphi, Bourc. MS.; Gould, 3Ion, Troth. I, pi. 3o 
(Sept. 1857); Scl P Z. S. 1856, p. 287 (descr. nulla), 1<J&, 
pp.368, 88o; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 286; Scl <§* Sale. Ihi% 3s30 

p. 126, 18G0, pp. 38, 195, 200; iid. PZ.S. 18134, p. 803$ Salv. 
Ibis, 18G0, p. 260,1872, p. 819; id. P.Z. S. 1807, p. lo2; Lrmr, 
Ann. Lyc. K Y. vii. p. 201, ix. p. 121; Gray,Haad-l. B. L p. I±t; 
Elliot, Si/n. Troch. p. 18 ; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i p. 182; 
Ridgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 591. 
Pygmornis adolphi, Cab. 8? Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 7; Gould, Ltfr. 
Troch. p. 47; Salv. $ Elliot, Ibis, 1878, p. 271; Mute. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Movclies, i. p. 102, pi. 10, iv. p. 144 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 201; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 07. 
Pygornis adolphi, Muk. fy Verr. Class. Troch p. 19. 
67 . PYGMORNIS. 
283 

Yery similar to P. stviigularis, but the throat only slightly greyer 
than the abdomen and without strias. 
Hah. South-eastern Mexico and the whole of Central America to 
the Isthmus of Panama. 

a. <$ ad. ; b. ? Cordova, Mexico (Sails). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. (Types of the species.) 
c, J ad. sk. Playa Vicente, Dec. (M. TruSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
jillo). 
d, e. Ad. sk.
f. Ad. sk.
g, h. Ad. sk.
i-l Ad. sk.
m, n. Ad. sk.
o. Ad.sk.
p. Ad. bk.
q. Ad. sk.
r. Ad. sk.
s, t. A d, sk. 
Teapa, Tabasco, Feb. (Mrs. H.
H. Smith). 
Guatemala ? (Delattre). 
Kamkal, near Coban, Guatemala 
(O.S.$ F.D. G.). 
Coban, Guatemala (0. $.). 
Guatemala (Skinner). 
Chontales, Nicaragua (T. Belt). 
Costa Rica (Endres). 
Santiago de Veraguas, Panama(Arce). 
Paraiso, Panama (Hughes). 
Lion Hill, Panama (McLeanSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
nan). 

4. Pygmornis longuemarei 
Trochilus longueniareus, 
Less. Hist. Nat. Troch. pp. 15,162, pis. 2, 
62; id. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xv; Jard. Nat, Libr. vii. H. Birds, 

p. 152. 
Trochilus intermedins, Less. Hid. Nat. Troch. p. 65, pi. 19; id. Ind. 
Gen. Troch. p. xv. 
Phaethomis 
longuemareus, Jard. Nat. Libr. vii, H, Birds, p. 177; 
Gould, Mon. Troch. i. pi. 31 (Sept. 1857); Scl. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 280; E. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1863, p. 91; Gray, Hand-l B. i. 
p. 122 j Elliot, Syn. Troch p. 18. 
Pneetornis longuemareus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 67; Liotaud, Ois. 
Trin. p. 128. 
Phaethomis intermedius, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 17. 
Phaethornis longuemarei, Beich. Aufz, d. Col. p. 14. 
Pygmornis intermedius, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250. 
Pygornis longuemareus, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 19. 
Pygmornis longuemarei, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 7. 
Pygmornis longuemareus, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 4G ; Salv. §• Elliot, 

Ibis, 1873, p. 2715 Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 93, pi. 9 • 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 201. 

Adult. Upper surface rich bronze-green, much darker on the 
crown; feathers of the rump edged with rufous; postocular and 
malar stripes and under surface rufous, the latter paler on the 
middle of the abdomen ; under tail-coverts white; chin black at the 
base, edged with rufous; tail bronzy green, the central feathers 
tipped with white, the rest narrowly edged with pale buff: bill 
black, basal two-thirds of the mandible yellowish. Total length 
about 4-4 inches, wing 1*7, tail 1*5, bill 1*1. 

Hah. Cayenne and Trinidad, 

284 T ROCK" ILL 

a-l. Ad sis. (Cayenne make) Salvin-Godman, Gould, 
& Selater Colls. 
I, m. Ad. sk Trinidad. Gould Coll 

5. Pygmornis idalise. 
Trocliiliis Idalise, Bourc. § Muls. Ana. Sue. Linn. Lyon3t'2) iii. p. 1^7 
(IfcoG). 
Phaethornib obscura, Gould, P. Z. S. 1Q57, p. 14; id. Man. Trorti i. 

pi. 33 (May 1858). 
Pygmornis obscura, Cab. $• JStim, Mm. Htm. id. p. 7. 
Pnattliomib ^indicaiidata, Gould, Mon Tioclu i. pi. 33 |Hay 1^>?, 
Pygmoinis \iridicaudata, Cab* & Keihc, Mit*. Htm, in, p. 7. 
Pjgomis idaliae, Muh. S? Terr, Class. Ttoth. p. HI 
Pygniornis idalia?, Gould, lute. Ttvch.ip.-k^i hfli\ J Elliot, Ibis, 

1873, p. 270; JJV/s. J2M Awf Oi*-Mourfo*. I p. 90, pi, &: ?V. 

o4/???. Soc. Linn, Lyon, x\ii. p. 201. 
Pygniornis aspa^ia?, Gould, Intr. Trorh. p. 47 (w/v Boure* A* 31?^ i 
Phaethornib idalia}, Elliot, Sy/i. Trrrlt. p. 10. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining green (darker and more 
bronzy on the crown and nape), each, feather with a ilvAi\ tdge 
upper tail-coverts like the back ; postocnlar and malar -tiipi- butl 
ear-coverts black; under surface daik grty, cheafmit on the throat 
and nearly black on the chin ; under tail-eo\oits white ; tail bionzy 
green, each feather tipped with buffi, the outermost pair w ith buii 
bill black, the basal two-thirds of the mandible yellow. Total length 
about 3*5 inches, \ung 1*4, tail 1*15, bill 0*95. 

Female. LiLe the male on the upper surface; beneath more 
mfescent; the tail longer. 
Hah. Brazil. 


a, b, S ad. sk. " Interior of Brazil *' (Bour- Gould Coll. (Typical 
tier). specimen*.) 

c. g ad. sic. Brazil (Rio make). Gould Coll. (T}pe of 
P, oWuru*,) 
d.<$tL&.hk. Biazil. Salvin-Godman C< 11. 
e}f. 2 ad. sk. " Interior of Brazil." Gould C< 11 (Types of 

P. riridkavdaim. | 
6. Pygmornis episeopus. 
Phaethornis episeopus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1857, p. 14; id. Mm. Trorh 
i. pi. 30. f. 2 (Sept. 1859) ; id. Mr. Troth, p. 4*: Gnnj, Ilmtd-l 
B. i. p. 122 j Elliot, Syn. Trock p. 20. 
Pygorms episeopus, Muh. § Terr. Class. Tmefi. p. 10. 
Pygmornis epfceopus, Cab. $ Heme, Mm. Hem. iii. p. 7; Salr. & 
Elliot, Ihi% 1878, p. 274. 
Trochilus longtieniareu^ Cab. in Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 709. 
Pygmornis longueniarus, Salv. Ills, 1885, p. 431 {nee Lesson), 

Adult male. Upper surface rich shining golden bronze, darker on 
the crown; rump rufous; postocnlar stripe, under surface, and UIKII r 
tail-coveits rufous; a purple-black pectoral band; tail rich bronze, 
iiarrowlj tipped with buff, the lateral rectrices subkrminally purple


67 . PYGMOENTS. 
285 

"black; bill black, the basal half of the mandible yellow. Total 
length about 3*7 inches, wing 1*3, tail 1*35, bill 0*95. 
Female. Like the male on the upper side; beneath paler and 
without the pectoral band; tail longer. 
Hah. British Guiana. 

a. Ad. sk. Demerara. 
Gould Coll. (Type 
of the species.) 
b-f. Ad. bk. Demerara. Gould Coll. 
g." $ ad. sk. Bartica Gro^ e, Brit. Guiana, Salvm-Godinan Coll. 

June (H. Whitely). 
It. $ ad. sk. Oamacusa, Brit. Guiana, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 


(H. w.y 
i,j. 
<$ ad.: k. Itoraima, Brit. Guiana, Jan., Salvin-Godmau Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Oct. {H. W.). 


7. Pygmornis pygmseus. 
Le Brin blanc jeune age, Auckbert, Ois. Dor. i. p. 46, pi. 19. 
Trochilub bra-Jiliensis, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. N. vii. p. 357 {nee 

Latham)] cfOrh. § Lafr. Byn. Av: ii. p. 82. 
Trochilus pygmcens, Spiv, Av. Bras7j>. 78, pi. 80. f. 1. 
Troehilus rufigaster, Tieill. Enc. Meth. p. 551 ; Less. Hist, Nat. Col. 

p. 43, pi. 9; id. Ind. Gin. Troch, p. xv. 
Trochihis da^idianus, Less, Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 50, pi. 13; id. hid. 
Gen. Troch. p. xv. 
Phaethornis eremita, Goxddy Mon. Troch. i. pi. 40 (June 1849); Bp. 
Consp. Av. i. p. 68; Bel. Cat. Am. B. p. 287; Gray, IIand4. B. i. 

p. 122 ; Pete. Orn. Bras. p. 27 ; Peinh. Vidensh. Medd. Nat. For. 
Kjoh. 1870, p. 101. 
Phaethornis pygmseus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p, 68 ; Gould, Mon. Troch. 
L pi. 41 (Oct. 1852); Sol Cat. Am. B. p. 287; Peink Vidensh. 
Medd. Nat For. Kjob. 1870, p. 101; Elliot, Byn. Troch. p. 20. 

Eremita rufigaster, daviclianus, et pygmseus, Reich, Aufa. d. Col. 

p. 14. 
Pygmornis rufigaster et davidianus, Bp. Pev. Zool. 1854, p. 250. 
Phaethornis rufigaster, Burm. Byst. tfeb. ii. p, 326. 
Pygmornis rufiventris, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. hi. p. 7. 
Pygmornis pygrinseus, Cab. \ Heine, Mus. Hein. hi. p. 0; Balv. §• 
Elliot, Ibis, 1873, p. 273; Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 388; Elliot, Ibis, 
1877, p. 141; Bel. $ Balv. P. Z. B. 1879, p. 027; Mills. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Moaches, i. p. 105, iv. p. 144; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 201; Balv. Ibis, 1885, p. 431. 
Pygornis davidianus, Muls. fy Terr. Class. Troch. p. 19. 
Pbaetornis dayidianus, Pet. Orn. Bras. p. 27. 
Closely allied to P. episcopus, but with wider rufous tips to the 
rectriccs, the subterminal portion being more dingy. 

P. ejpiscopus seems to be barely distinct from P. pygmcem, though 
the points of difference given above are fairly trustworthy. 
Hal. Cayenne, the Lower Amazons Yalley, Eastern and Central 
Brazil, Bolivia. 

a-c. Ad. sk, (Cayenne make.) Gould & Sclater Colls. 

d. (S ad.sk. Para, Oct. (E. L. Layard). Tweeddale Coll. 
286 
TKOCBILI. 

e-g. Ad. sk. Para. Gould Coll. 
h-h. Ad. sk. Brazil (Bakia make). Gould Coll. 
/, m. Ad. sk. Brazil. SalTin-Godman Coll. 
n-t. Ad. sk. Brazil (Bio make). Gould Coll. 
u, v. Ad. sk. N. Friboiirgo, Brazil (Touch). SalTin-Godman Coll. 
to. Ad. sk. Brazil (Rogers). Gould Coll. 


x. 
Ad. sk. Engenho do Gama; Matto Grosso, SalTin-Godman Coll. 
Sept. (batterer), 
y, z. Ad. sk. Guanai, Bolivia (Buckley), Salvm-Gudnian Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Purchased. 


8. Pygmornis nigricinctus. 
Pliaetkornis 
nigricinctus, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. yi. p. 260 (1858); 
Gould, Hon. Troch. i. pi. 39. f. 1 (Sept. 1859 J ; Gray, Hand-l. B. 

i. p. 122 j Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 20 ; Tacz. P. Z. S.l6b2, p. 34. 
Pygmornis 
nigricinctus, Cab. § Heine, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 7; Scl. fy 
JSalv. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 753, 979, 1873, p. 287; Sate. 4' Elliot, Ibis, 
1873, p. 274; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 108; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 201. 

Closely allied to P. pygmceus, but with the tip only of the mandible 
black, the rest yellow. 
Hah Upper Amazons Valley, 

a, b. $ ad.; c. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley), Salyin-Gudinan Coil. 
$ ad. sk. 
d-m. c? ad.: n. Pebas, Amazons, Feb., April, Salvin-Gudiuan & 
$ ad. sk,' June (J. Hauxivell). Gould Colls. 
o, p. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons (E. Bartleit). Gould Coll. 

q. Ad. sk. Upper Rio Negro {A. R. WalGould 
Coil. 
lace) . 
68. SPHESTOPBOCTUS. 
Type. 
Splienoproctus, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 11 S. pampa. 
Pampa, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p.11 S. pampa. 

Range. Southern Mexico and Guatemala. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Crown dark shining* blue; hill shorter ,. pampa, p. 286. 
b. Crown paler blue; bill longer 
curvipennis, p. 287. 
1. Sphenoproctus pampa. 
Ornismya pampa, Less. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches} Suppl. p. 127, 

pi. 15; id. Rev. Zool 1839, p. 18. 
Trochilus pampa, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. vi. 
Campylopterus pampa, Bp. Consp. i. p. 76; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 250; Gould, Hon. Troch. iL p. 43 (Sept. 1855); Scl 8f Salv. 
Ibis, 1859, p. 127; Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. 260; Scl Cat Am. B. 
p. 287; Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 22. 
68 . vPHENOPKOCi'TTS. 
287 

Pampa eanrpvloptera, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Track. Enum. 

p. 9, pi. 800. ff. 4861-62. 
Spkenoproctus 
pampa, Cta5. ^* Heine, Mus. Hein, iii. p. 11• Gould, 
lutr. Trocli. p. 51 ; Jtfwfo. Hist. Xat, Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 115, iv. 

p. 147; z& Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 201; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 23 ; Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 144; Boucard, P. Z. S. 
1833, p. 450. 
Polytmiis pampa, Gray, Kand-l. B. i. p. 125. 

Adult male, xibove shining green, crown dark shining bine; 
entire under surface grey, paler in the middle and darker on the 
ear-coverts, £anks, and under taii-coyerts; tail purple-black, the 
central rectrices wholly and the remainder towards the base shining 
green like the back, the outermost pair slightly paler near the 
middle of the outer web. Total length about 5'5 inches, wing 
2*7; tail, central rectrices 2-15, lateral 1*7; bill 1*2. 

Adult female. Like the male, but with the crown duller paler blue, 
and with the distal portion of the outer web of the outer rectrix on 
either side together with the whole tip grey like the breast. 

Rah. Guatemala, on the eastern side of the Cordillera up to an 
elevation of about 4500 feet. 

a-c. <$ ad. sk. Choctum, Guatemala, Feb. Salvin-Godinan & 
(O. S. £ F. D. G.) Gould Colls. 
d. $ ad. bk. Chisec, Guatemala (O. $.), Gould Coll. 

e. 2 ad. bk. Cuban, Guatemala, Nov. (O. ft.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f. y. J ad. ^k. Guatemala. 
Goidd Coll. 
h. 5 ad. 
tot. Purchased. 
2. Sphenoproctns curvipennis. 
Trochilus curvipennis, Lichi. Preis-Verz. Mex., Vdg. p. 1 [d.J.f. 
Orn. 1803, p. 06). 

Canrpvlopterus pampa, Scl. P. Z. S. 1856, p. 287,1859, pp. 367,385; 
de Oca, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 552; id. La Nat. iii. p. 30 j Ensayo (?), 
pi. 3. f. 12. 

Spkenoproctus 
curvipennis, Gould, Intr, Troch. p. 51 • Mais, Hist. 
2s at. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 117, iv. p. 147; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. j>. 201; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 23; Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 146; Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 156. 
Campylopterus pampa, var, curvipennis, Muls. $>» Verr. Class. Troch, 

p. 22. 
Polytmus curvipennis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 125. 
Adult, Similar to that of S. pampa, but with the bill rather 
longer and the crown paler blue. 
Sab. Southern Mexico, eastern side of the Cordillera. 

a, $ad. \ b. $ Misantla, Vera Cruz, Mex., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Mar. (F. D. <?.). 

c. 2 ad. sk. Colipa, Vera Cruz, Mar. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(F. D. G.). 
d, <$ ad. sk. Cuesta de Misantla, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(M. Trwjillo). 
e-g. <$ ad. sk. Coatepec, Vera Cruz, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll 
(M. T.). 
288 TROCHILI. 

h-j. <$ ad.; k, I ? Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mav Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
ad. sk. & June (M. T.). 
m, n. § ad. sk. Jalapa, Feb., Mar. (F Salvin-Godman Coll. 

D. G.). 
o. Ad. sk, Jalapa (C. F. Edge). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. Ad. sk. Jalapa. Goiild Coll. 
q. d ad. sk. Atoyac, Vera Cruz, Mav Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. M, H. Smith)* 
r, s. Ad. sk. Mexico (Salle). Gould Coll. 
t-x. Ad. sk. Mexico (Floresi). Satun-Gulmri JC 


Gould ColR 

y. <$ ad. st, Purchased. 
69. GAffiPYLOPTEEUS. 
1} pc 
Campylopterus, iS'zt\ ZooZ. Jottrn. ii. p. 353 (1^20/ . . C. lurri]_emK 
Ssepiopterus, Heidi. Atifz. d. Col. p. 11 C. laziJu-, 
Platystylopterus itaeZ. .4?{/z. d. Col. p. 11 ....... . C rut'ti-. 
Loxopteru^, Cab. 4" Heine, Mvs. Hdu. iii. p. 13 .... C. h\ pen tliru-% 

Range. Southern Mexico to Bolivia ; Venezuela, Trinidad, Guiana, 
and the Amazons Valley. 

Key to thi Sjiedes. 

rr. Under surface grey, green, or blue. 
a'. Outer rectrices* white at the tip in both 
se\es. 
a". Under surface uniform grey: >exe- alike. 
«'". Outer rectrices broadly tipptd with 
white largipuiui*) p. 2%. 
b;". Outer rectrices narrowly tipped with 
white ofofuritb. p. 289. 
h". Under surface green, throat blue; sexes 
different emipeuhib. p. 290. 
c". Under surface imifomi dark blue ; sexes 
different hemilei/curm, p. 291. 

b'. Outer rectrices uniform ; sexes different. 
d". Itectrices rufous lazvlus, p. 292. 
e". Rectrices dark steel-blue. 


c'". Grown glittering olive-green; back 
dark shining green. villavieendo, p. 290. 
d'". Crown like the back, shining gre^n .. pliaiaopeplm* p. 294. 

b. Under surface rufous; sexes alike. 
c'. Outer rectrices rufous with a subterminal 
black band rufust p. 294. 
d\ Outer rectrices uniform rufous hyperythrus, p. 295. 

1. Campylopterus largipennis. 
Oiseau-Mouche a lars'e tuyaux de Cayenne. Buff. PL Enl. 672. 
f. 2; Vieill Ois. Dor. i. pi 39, pi. 21. * 
Oiseau-Mouche a large tuyaux, Buff. Mist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 85. 
Trochilus largipennis, Bodd. Tail. Fl Enl. p. 41. 
Ash-bellied Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 759. 
Broad-shafted Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 765. 
Trochilus campylopterus, Gm. Syrt. Nat. i. p. 499. 
69 . CAMPYLOPTEEUS. 
TrocMlus cinereus, Gm, Syst. Nat. i. p. 490; Vieill. N. Diet. d'HLt. 

N. vii. p. 348 ; id. Erie. Mith. p. 552. 
Trockilus latipeunis, Lath. Lid. Orn. i. pt. 1, p, 310; Vieill. N. Lid. 
d'Hist. N. vii. p. 365; id. Enc. MM. p. 566 ; Less. Lid. G4n. Troch. 

p. v; Sw. Zool. Lll iii. pis. 130, 131. 
Le Oolibri a ventre cendre, Vieill. Ois. Lor. i. p. 21, pi. 5. 
Ornismya latipennis, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xlii, 121, 
pi. 34. 
Campylopterus latipennis, Cab. in Schomb. Reise n. Guiana, iii. p. 709; 
Bp. Co?isp. i. p. 71; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 11; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 9, pi. 802. ff. 4865-66; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Gould, 
Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 48 (May 1860); id. Mr. Troch. p. 53; Muls. 
4' Verr. Class. Troch. p. 22. 
Campy lopterus 
largipennis, Cab. 8f Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 12; 
Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 283; F. Seine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 177; Sol. $ 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 584; Pek. Orn, Bras, p, 28; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 119, iv. p. 148; id. Ami. Soc, Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 201; Elliot, Sijn. Troch. p. 24; Eudes-I)esl. Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 147; Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 432. 
Polytmus largipennis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 124. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark grass-green, under surface grey, 
ear-coverts darker, sides of the neck and Hanks' tinged with, green; 
four central rectriees green like the hack, rest black, tipped (on 
the outer feather for the distal third) with white; bill black, 
mandible except the tip greyish. Total length about 5*5 inches, 
wing 3 ; tail, central rectriees 24, lateral 1*9 ; bill 145. 

Adult female. Like the male, the shafts of the outer primaries 
not swollen. 
Hob. Guiana. 

a. <$ ad.; b-d. (Cayenne make.) Salvin-Godman, Sclater, 
$ ad. sk. & Gould Colls. 
e. ? ad. sk. Guiana (Spence). Sclater Coll. 
/. J ad. sk. Berbiee, Brit. Guiana. Gould Coll. 
a, h. $ ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. {H. Whitely], 

i. S ad. sk. Camacusa, Brit. Guiana, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. W.). 
j. 
<$ ad.; k. $ Merume Mts., Brit. Guiana* Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. June, July (JET. W). 
I 
<$ }uv. sk. R. Atapurow, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (JBT. W.). 

m. $ ad.sk. Cob&ti,'R.'Negm(A.R. Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. 2 ad. sk. Bemerara. 
Purchased. 
o. J ad. sk. 
Purchased 
2. Campylopterus olbscuras. 
Campylopterus obscurus, Gould, P. Z. S.1848, p. 13 ; id, Mon. Troch 
ii. pi. 49 (May 1860); id. Intr. Troch. p. 54; Bp. Consp. i. p. 76 ; 
id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; Scl. $ 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 584; Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 388; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 121; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 25 j 
Eudes-Desl Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 149. 
VOL. xvi.

TROCHILI. 

Caorpylopterus sequatorialis, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 54; Scl &r Salv. 
P Z. S. 1867, pp. 753, 979, 1873, p. 287,1879, p. 627. _ 
Campylopterus latipennis var. obscurus and var. sequatorialis, Mids. 

<$• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 22. 
Campylopterus largipeunis, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 541. ^ 
Polytmus sequatorialis and obscurus, Gray, Hand-l B. I. p. 124. 
Campylopterus largipeunis, vara, aaquatorialis and obscurus, Muls, 

Ann. Soc. Linn, Lyon, xxii. p. 202. 

Adult. Similar to that of 0. largipeunis, but with the lateral 
reotrices on either side much more narrowly tipped with white. 
Hal. Amazons Valley from Para to the Andes, and southwards 
to Bolivia. 
a,b. Jad.sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Sab in-Godinan& Gould 
Colls. 

c. 
tfad,; d. $ Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
e. $ ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. t Gould Coll. 
(Type of C. a^quatorialis, Gould.) 
f. <$ ad. sk. Amazons (Natterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
%y-i. $ ad. sk. Upper Amazons {E. BaHleti). Gould Coll. 
j-l. $ ad.; m-o. Pebas, Amazons, Feb., April, Salvin-Godman & Gould 
2 ad. sk. June, Aug. (J. Hauxicell). Colls 
p,q. Ad. sk. Mapiri, Bolivia (Buckley). Sah in-Godman Coll. 

r. <$ ad.; s, t Para, April (A R. Wallace). Salvin-Godinan k 
J ad. sk. ' Selater Colls. 
u,v. S ad.; to- Para, Nov. (E. L. Layard). Twteddale, Salviu-God


y. 
J ad. sk. man, & Gould Colk 
%. <$ 
ad. sk. Amazons Valley. Gould Coll. (Type of 
the species) 

d. (S ad. sk. Para. ft. Graham [P.]. 
3. Campylopterus eusipenuis. 
Trochilus ensipennis, Siv. Zool. Ill, ii. pi. 107 ; Less. Lid. Gen. Track. 
p. vi; id. Hist. Nat. Troch. pp. 124, 127, pis. 40, 47. 
Campylopterus 
ensipennis, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouche*, pp. xliii, 
124, pi. So; lard. Ann. 8> Mag. N. H. 1847, p. 372 ; Bp. Camp. I 

p. 71; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. 
Troch. Emm. p. 9, pi. 808. ff. 4887-08; Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. 
pi. 46 (Sept. 1857): id. Intr. Troch. p. 53; Cab. $ Heine, 3Ius. 
Hein. iii. p. 12; Muls. 8? Verr. Class. Troch. p. 22; Scl 4* Sah\ 
P. Z. S. 1869, p. 169; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 123, 
iv. p. 149; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Ellioty Syn. 
Troch. p. 26; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 151. 
Polytmus ensipennis, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 124. 


Adult male. Shining golden green; throat deep lazuline-blue ; 
central rectrices darker than the back, the next pair steel-blue, the 
rest broadly tipped with white, the outer pair for more than two-
thirds of their length ; bill black. Total length about 5*2 inches, 
wing 3, tail 2*1, bill 1*25. 

Adult female. Like the male, but the under surface less brilliant 
and mixed with grey, the blue throat paler and greener. 
Hob. Venezuela and Trinidad. 

69 . (HMPYLOtTEBTTS. 291 
a-c. <$ ad.; el, ead. sk. 
/ . S ad. sk.
g. <$ juv. sk.
. $> 
C 
Trinidad.
aripe, Venezuela, June (A.
Goering). 
Venezuela. 
Gould & Sclater Colla. 
Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

4. Campylopterus hemileucxmis. 
Trocliilus keinileucuras, Licht. Preis-Yerz. Mex., Vog. p. 1 (cf. J. f. 

Om. 1803, p. 56). 
Ornianiya delattrii, Less. Rev. Zool 1839, p. 14. 
Campylopterus delattrii, Bp. Consp. i. p. 71; id. Rev. Zool 1854 

p. 250; Reich. Aufz. d. Vol. p. 11 ; id. Troch. Emmi. p. 9, pi. 804. 
ff. 4869-70; GbM/tf, Jfon. 2>ocA. ii. pi. 45 (Sept. 1855) ; /SK # flafo. 
IZ&, 1859, p. 127; Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 53,-Sol P. & 6'. 1859, 
pp. 367, 385 ; Salv. Ibis, I860, p. 195; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch 
p. 22; cfe Oca, La Nat iii. p. 20, pi. —; Ito . _HYst JVta. Ois.-
Mouches, i. p. 134, iv. p. 149 ; etf. Aw. /Sbc. £wm. Xyow, xxii. p. 202; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Cam} i. p. 153. 
Campylopterus 
kemileucurus, Cab. <§• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 13; 
Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 288 ,• Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 52; 0#&. J". / . Orn. 
1862, p. 162; Scl. P. £. 6'. 1864, p. 176; Salv. Ibis, 18G6, p. 204, 
1870, p. 205; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. NT. ix. p. 121; Bull. US. Nat 
Mus. no. 4, p. 32; v. Frantz. J.f.O. 1869, p 315; Boucard, 

P. Z. S. 1878, p. 68; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 2(6; Nutting, Pr. U.S. 
Nat Mus. v. p. 501; Ferrari-Perez* Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 157; 
Berl.J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 316. 
Polytnius hemileucurus, Gray, Hand-l. P. i. p. 124. 

Adult male. Dark shining violet-blue, top and sides of the head 
and nape black; wing-covert& and upper tail-coverts dark shining 
green; tail purple-black, the central rectrices tinged with green, 
the outer three on either side broadly tipped with white (on the 
outermost occupying half the feather): bill black. Total length 
about 6 inches, wing 3*3, tail 2-3, bill 1*3. 

Adult female. Above shining green, crown bronze; beneath grey, 
flanks dark shining green, throat shining blue; outer three rectrices 
on either side blue-black, broadly tipped with white as in the male, 
the rest shining green like the back. 

Young male. Green on the back, like the female; the under 
surface brownish black; the blue feathers of the adult are first 
assumed on the throat, afterwards on the abdomen, and lastly on 
the back; only very fully adult birds have the back pure blue 
without any admixture of green feathers. 

Eab. Southern Mexico and Central America from Guatemala to 
Panama, in mountain-forests at an elevation of from 2000 to 6000 
feet above the sea-level. 

a, b. (J ad.; c. $ Mexico (Floresi). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

d. $ ad.; e. $ ad.sk. Jalapa, Mexico (de Oca). Salvin-Godman Coll*. 
f-i. <S ad. sk. Jalapa, July (iff. Trw'illo). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. $ juv. sk. Huatusco, Mexico, July (R Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Ferrari-Perez). 
v2 

292 
TR0CHILI. 

h. 
$ ad. sk. Omilteme, Guerrero, July Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 
1 2 
ad. sk. Playa Vicente, Vera Cruz, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Feb. (M. Trujillo). 

m. tf ad. sk. Tekuantepec, Feb. (IF. !?. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson). 
n, c?ad.; o-q, J Chmialapa, Tekuantepec, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. to April (TV. B.R.). 

r-u, $ ad« sk. Sierra de San Domingo, TekuSalTin-
Godman Cull. 
antepec, Feb., April (W. B. 
R.). 

fl-a\c?ad.$ y} c.$ Coban, Guatemala; Nov. (0. Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Salvin). Sclater Colls. 
a', c? ad. sk. Kamkal, near Coban (0. S. 4* Salvin-Godman Sz 

F. D. G.). Sclater Colls. 
&',c'« c^ad. ; d'. (5* Guatemala (Skinner). Gould Coll. 
juv.; <?',/.$ ad.sk 
/ , A'. cf ad. sk. Volcan de Fitego, Guatemala, SalTin-Godman Coll. 
Aug. (0. S.). 
*', ?. $ ad. sk. Volcan de Agua above San Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Diego, Nov. (0. S.). 
kf. $ ad, sk. Totonicapam, Guatemala, SalTin-Godman Coll 
Sept. (0. &). 
l\ m', <$ ad. sk. Ftetalbuleu, Guatemala, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. £. Richardson). 
tt'.tfad.; 
#'«$ ad. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 

#'-/. dad.; a'. J Calovevora, Panama (J?. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Arc£). 
t\ $ ad. sk. Cordillera del Ckucu, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Arce). 
u\ S ad. sk. Boquete de Okitra, Panama Gould Coll. 
(Arce). 
v\ $ ad.; w'. (J Purchased. 

juv.; a/.Jad.st. 

5. Campylopterus lazulus. 
Trochilus lazulus, Vieill. Em. MSth. p. 557; id. Gal Ois. ii. p. 29l5, 

pi. 179. 
Ornismya falcata, Less, Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp* xliv, 120, pi. 30. 
Trochilus falcatus, Less. hid. Gen. Troch. p. vi; Sic* ZooL III, ii. 

pi. 89. 
Campylopterus lazulus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 71; id. Rev, Zool 1854, 

p. 250; Gould, Mon. Troch.Ti.vL ^ O^P** 1850); id. Intr. Troch. 
p. 51; Cah. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 18; Scl Cat. Am. B. 
p. 287; Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 22; Sol. $ Salt;. P. Z. S. 
1868, p. 160,1870, p. 782 ; Elliot, Ibis, 1875, p. 10; id. 8yn. Troch. 
p. 26; Mais. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 132, iv. p. 149; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 316. 
Sffipiopterus lazulus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 9, pL 801. ff. 4863-64; Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 156. 
Campylopterus falcipennis, Burm. Syst. TJeb. ii. p. 328. 
Polytmus lazulus, Gray, Hand4. B* i. p. 124. 
Adult male. Upper surface glittering grass-green; under surface 
from the chin to the abdomen, rich glittering purple-blue, thence to 

69 . CAMPYL0PTEKTTS. 
293 

the crissum passing into glittering green ; under tail-coverts chestnut 
; tail dark chestnut, the central rectrices tipped with bronze-
green, the rest more narrowly with dark purple ; bill black. Total 
length 5*4 inches, wing 2*8, tail 1-9, bill 3/2. 

Adult female. Above shining green, brighter on the rump and 
central rectrices; under surface grey ; throat greenish blue, with a 
whitish malar stripe on either side; flanks finged with green ; under 
tail-coverts mixed with chestnut. 

Young male. Cinnamon malar stripes; under surface blackish 
brown, the feathers edged with chestnut. 
Hah. Colombia and Venezuela. 

a-f. S ad.; g. S Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
juv. 5 h-h. $ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 


7. $ ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 
m. S ad. sk. Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
n. <$ ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela. E. Dyson [C.l. 
o, p. $ ad. sk. Valley of Aragua, Venezuela. E. Dyson [C.l. 
q. $ ad. sk. [Venezuela.] E. Dyson [C.J, 
r. <$ ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
6. Campylopterus villavicencio. 
Trochilus villavicencio, Bourc. Compt. Rendus, xxxii. p. 187; id. Rev. 

Zool 1851, p. 97. 
Selasphorus y. Heliomastes villavicencio, Reich Aufz. d. Col p. 13. 
Heliomastes villavicencio, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251. 
Campylopterus villavicencio, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 42 (May 

1859); id. Intr. Troch. p. 43; Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 22 ; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-MoticheSj i. p. 129; id. Ann. Soo. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. n. 202; Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 27; Budes-Desl. Ann. Mm. 
Caen, i. p. 150. 
Campylopterus splendens; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vi. p. 262; Gould, 
Intr. Troch. p. 53. 
Polytmus splendens, Gray, Hand4. B. i. p. 124. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark green, darker on the nape, crown 
glittering golden-green; sides of the head and chin black; chest 
rich dark glittering blue; abdomen dark grey, flanks and under 
tail-coverts dark green ; tail dark green, lateral rectrices dark steel-
blue; bill black. Total length about 5*4 inches, wing 2*8, tail 2, 
bill 1-3. 


Adult female. Above like the male, but the colours a little duller : 
beneath grey, the lateral rectrices tipped with greyish. 
Hah. Ecuador. 


a, h. A ad. sk. Ecuador (ex G. N. Lawrence). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
(Typical of C. splendens.) 

c. tS ad.; d. $ ad. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
sk. Gould Colls. 
e. S ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
f,g. 
c?ad.; h, i. $ Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

294 TBOCHITJ. 

7. Campylopterus phainopeplus. 
Campylopterus phainopeplus, Salv. <§• Godm. His, 1879, p. 202,1880, 
p. 171; SJiarpe in Gould's Mon. Troch. Suppl. pi. 3 (April 1885); 
cVHamonv. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. viii. p. 78 (1883). 
Adult male. Glittering green, a little brighter on the abdomen ; 
throat glittering dark blue"; under tail-coverts dull green ; tail dark 
steel-blue, the central rectrices slightly tinged with green; bill 
black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 2*8, tail 1*75, bill 1*1. 

Adult female. Shining green, duller on the anterior half of the 

crown; beneath grey; ear-coverts fuscous; flanks tinged with 

green; under tail-coverts green, lateral rectrices tipped with grey. 

HaL Sierra Nevada of N. Colombia. 

a. <$ acl. sk. Atauques, Sierra Nevada de Sta. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, Colombia, Feb. (F. 
Simons). 

b-d. cfad.; e. San Jose, Sierra Nevada de Sta. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

5 ad. sk. Marta, Mar., April (F. Simons). (Types of the species.) 
/. $ ad. sk. San Jose, March (F. Simons). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
7/, h. S ad. sk. San Sebastian, Sierra Nevada de Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sta. Marta, 'July (F. Simons), 

i. $ ad.; j. § ad. N. Colombia (F. Simons). (h mid Coll. 
sk. 

8. Campylopterus rufas. 
Campylopterus rufus, Less. Fev. Zool. 1840, p. 73; Bp. Cmsp. i. 
p. 71; id. Fev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Gould, Mon. Track, ii. pi. 50 
(May 1852); id. Intr. Troch. p. 54; Scl £ Salv. Mis, 1850, p. 127; 
Scdv. Ibis, I860, pp. 38,105, 260, 203, 204; id. Cat Sfrickl Coll. 
p. SCO; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 288• Mute. § Terr. Class, Troch. 
p. 22; 3Itds. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches. i. p. 133 ; id. Awn. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, sxii. p. 202; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 25. 
Platystvlopterus rufus, Reich. Aufz. d. CcL p. 11; id, Troch. Fmtm. 

p. 8, pi. 789. m 4834-35; Hudes-Desl Aim. Mtis. Caen. I p. 158. 
Polytmus rufus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 124. 
Adult male. Shining golden green, duller on the forehead; under 

surface rufous, ear-coverts darker, middle of the abdomen paler; 

central rectrices bronze-green, lateral rufous, with a sub terminal 

black band stopping at the shaft of the outermost feather, which 

thus has the whole of the outer web rufous : bill Mac*M4i. Total 

length about 5-3 inches, wing 2*8, tail 2, bill 1*2. 

Female. Similar to the male. 

Hab. Mountains of Guatemala from 5000 to 7000 feet above the 

sea-level. 

a-d, S ad.; e. $ DueHas, Guatemala, Nov. Salvin-Godman, Sclater, 
ad. sk. (O. S. # F. D. G.). & Gould Colls. 
/. cfad.; g. $ad. Volcan de Fuego, Guate- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. ^ mala, Aug. (O. S.). 
h c?ad.; e. $ad. Guatemala \Constancia). Gould Coll. 
sk. 
jt h. J ad. Sut Guatemala. Purchased. 
J ad. sk. [Guatemala.] Purchased* 

70 . EUPETOMENA, 
205 

9. Campylopterus hyperythrus. 
Campylopterus hyperytkrus, Cab. in Schomb. Reise n. Guiana, iii. 
p. 709; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250 ; Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 51 
(May 1852); id. Intr. Troch. p. 54 ; Mids. Hist. Nat. Ois-Mouches, 
i. p. 135; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 25 ; Whitehj, Ibis, 1884, p. 357; Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 432. 
Platystvlopterus 
hvperythrus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 11; id. Troch. 
Emini. p. 8, pi. 790. £ 4836-38; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. 

p. 159. 
Loxopterus hyperytkrus, Cab. § Heine, Mus, Hein. iii. p. 13; F, 
Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 177. 
Campylopterus hypertrurus (!), Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 22. 

Adult male. Similar to that of C. rufus, but the under surface 
darker, the lateral rectrices wholly rufous, without a subterminal 
dark band; bill shorter. Total length about 4*7 inches, wing 2'G, 
tail 1-8, bill 0-9. 

Adult female. Like the male. 
Hah. British Guiana, Eoraima, at an altitude of 6000 feet and 
upwards. 

a. S ad.; b. $ ad. sk. Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(JET. Whitehj). 
70. EUPETOMENA. 
Type. 
Eupetomena, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 42 (Oct. 1852).. E. macrara. 
Prognornis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11 E. macrura. 

Range. Eastern South America from Guiana to S. Brazil; Peru. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Head and throat deep blue ; tail deeply forked; rec-* 
trices comparatively narrow macrura, p. 295. 
b. Head and throat paler blue; tail less deeply forked; 
rectrices broad hirutido} p. 29G. 
1. Eupetomena macrura. 
Mellisnga cayennensis, cauda bifurea, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 76. 
Cayenne fork-tailed Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 751. 
Trockilus macrourus, Gm. Syst. N. i. p. 487; Vieill. N. Diet d'Hist. 


N. vii. p. 366; id. Enc. Meth. p. 566; Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 13 ; 
Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 93. 
Trockilus forcipatus, Lath. hid. Orn. i. pt. 1, p. 304. ^ 
Oiseau-AIouche a queue fourckue de Cayenne, Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. 

p. 136. 
Ornismya hirundinacea, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-3Iouches, pp. xii, 98, 
pi. 25; id. Suppl. p. 179, pi. 39. 
Trockilus hirundinaceus, Less. Lid. Gen. Troch. p. v. 
Eupetomena hirundinacea, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 42 (Oct. 1853). 
Prognornis macrura, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 9, pi. 800. if. 4873-75 ; Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 330. 
TROCHILI. 

296 

Eupetomena macroura, Bp. Bev. Zool 1854, p. 254 ; Cab. 8f Seine, 
Mus. Rein. iii. p. 14; Gould, Intr. TrocK p. 50; ScL Cat Am. B. 

pi. 11; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxi. p. 201; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, 

p. 134: id. Syn. H. Birds, p. 21; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i, 
p. 141; Salv. Cat. StricJcl. Coll p. 360. 
Polytmus macrourus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 12o. 
Adult male. Body shining dark green; -whole head and throat 
deep shining prussian-blue ; anal region and lateral tufts pure 
white; under tail-coverts dark steel-blue; longest upper tail-coverts 
dark blue with a tinge of bronze; tail steel-blue ; blU and feet black. 
Total length 7 inches, wing 2-9 ; tail, central reetriees 1*3, lateral 

4-2; bill 1-05. 
Adult female. Similar to the male, but the head and throat of a 
paler blue. 
Young in first plumage. The tail but slightly forked, the blue of 
the head and throat faintly shown, the latter brownish. 
Hah "Whole of Eastern and North-eastern Brazil and inland to 
Matto Grrosso : Lower Amazons YaHey; Guiana. 

a. 
6 ad.; h Ad. Mexiana I., Amazons, Jan. & Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. Oct, {A. R. Wallace). 
c. Ad. sk. Ceara-j Brazil (Jesse). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Pernambuco (W. A. Forbes). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f-k. Ad.; I. Juv.; Brazil (Bahia make). Salvin-Godman & 
m. $ ad, sk. Gould Colls. 
n, o. S ad.; p} q. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk, 
May, Sept., Dec. {H. H. 
Smith). 


r. 
6 ad.; s. $ ad, Purchased. 
st. 
2. Eupetomena hirxuido. 
Eupetomena hirundo, Gould, Ann. § Mag. AT. H. 1875, xvi. p. 870; 
Scl. £ Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 16 5 Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouckes, 

iv. p. 145, pi. 114; Elliot, Syn. TrocJi.-p. 22; Eudes-Desl Ann. 
Mus. Caen, i. p. 143. 
Similar to E. macrura and very closely allied. The head and 
throat in both sexes is of a paler, more cobalt-blue, the reetriees 
wider, and the tail less deeply forked. Length of the central reetriees 
1#5 inch, lateral 3*4. 

Hah Eastern Peru. 

a. 
tfad.; b. J Huiro,Peru,June{H.Whitehjy Gould Coll. (Types 
ad. sk. of the species.) 
c 
<S ad. 1 d. 2 Huiro, June, July (Jf. W). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

71 . VPHAKTOCHROA, 
297 

71. 
AMASTTOCHEOA. 
Type. 
Aphantochroa, Goidd, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 54 (Oct. 
1854) A. cirrochloris. 
Agapeta, Seine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 178 A. gularis. 
Aphantoehroa (Placophorus), Mids. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 202 (1875) A. gularis. 
Mange. Ecuador to Bolivia, Amazons Yalley, and Eastern Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Xo glittering spot on the throat; 
under tail-
coverts dark edged with white. 
of. Under surface dark grey washed with green . cirrochloris, p. 297. 
b'. Under surface white, each feather with a 

shining green discal spot , hyposficta, p. 298. 

b. A glittering metallic &pot on the middle of the 
throat; under tail-coverts white............ gularis, p. 298. 
1. Apliantocliroa cirrochloris. 
Troehiltis cirrochloris, VieilL N. Diet. cVIIist. N. xxiii. p. 43d; id. 
JE/ic. Metk p. 560. 
Trochilus campylostylus, LichL Verz. Douhl. p. 14; JBurm. Syst, 
Ueb. ii p. 329. 
Ornismya simplex, Less. Hist. Nat. OisrMouehes^ pp. xliii, 119, 

pi. 33; id. HuppL p. Ill, pi. 6. 
Trochilus simplex, Less, Ind. Gin. Troch. p. vi. 
Campvlopterus cirrochloris, Bp. Consp. i. p. 71; Muk. § Verr. Class. 

Troch. p. 22. 

Aphantocriroa cirrochloris, Goidd, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 54 (Oct. 1853); 
id, Intr. Troch. p. 55; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. lo; Bp. Rev. Zool. 
1854, p. 250; Scl Cat Am. B. p. 288; F. mine, J. f. Orn. 1863, 

p. 178; Reinh. Vidensk. Medd. Nat. For. Kjob. 1*870, p. 102; 
Feb. Orn. Bras. p. 28; Berl J.f Orn. 1873, p. 274,1887, p. 334; 
Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i.p. 139, iv. p. 150; id. Ann. Soe. 
Limi. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 27; JEudes-De&l 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 163; Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 348; Salv. Cat. 
Strickl. Coll. p. 360. 
Campylopterus campylostylus, Burnt, Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 329. 
Polytmus cirrochloris, Gray, Handel. B. i. p. 125. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark green; wings purple-black; 
tail with the median rectrices green, darker at the tip, the lateral 
rectrices dark purplish bronze-green; under surface dark grey; 
throat and flanks washed with green ; under tail-coverts dark 
grey edged with dull white : bill black. Total length about 4*7 
inches, wing 2*75, tail 1*6, bill 1. 

Female. Like the male. 
Hah. Eastern Brazil. 


a. <$ ad. sk. Macuca, Pernambuco, Brazil Sclater Coll, 
( W. A. Forbes). 
b. Ad. sk, Santa T?6, Minas G-eraes, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(JET. Rogers). 
298 
TEOCHILI. 

c. Ad. sk. N. Eribourgo, Brazil (Youds). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. Ad. sir. Ypanerna, Brazil, May (Kat- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
terer). 
e-i. 
Ad. sk. Brazil. Gould & Sclater 
Colls. 

2. Aphantochroa hypostieta. 
Aphantochroa hypostieta, Gould, P. Z. S. 1862, p. 124 ; Whitely, 
P.Z. S. 1873, p. 189; 2Vz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 545, 1882, p. 34: 
id. Orn. Per. i. p. 270: Mvh. Hist. Nat. Oit.-Mouchps, iv. p. 151; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202 : Elliot, Syn. Truth, p. 29; 
Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. Ib79, p. G27; Evdex-JDesl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. 
p. 164. 
Polytnius hypostictus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 12-5. _ 
? Aphantochroa alexandria. Boucard, The Mumming Bird. i. p. 18 
(Mar. 1891). 

J.CZH7/ wff7e. Upper surface dark shining grass-green: tail with the 
central feathers darker at the tip, lateral feathers with a subterminal 
dark bar; under surface, including the under tail-coverts, white, 
each feather with a large shining green spot; bill black, base of 
the mandible flesh-colour. Total length about 5 inches, wing 2*7, 
tail 1-5, bill 1-1. 

Hah. Eastern slope of the Andes from Ecuador to Bolivia. 

a. Ad. sk. Ecuador {ex Gould). Salvin-Gediiian Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b-f. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 

g. Ad. sk. [Ecuador.] 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. San Antonio, Peru, July {H. Gould Coll. 
Whitehj). 
i. Ad. sk. Peru? Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. Nairipi, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
3. Aphantochroa gularis. 
Aphantochroa gularis, Gould, P. Z. S. 18C0. p. 310; id. Hon. Troclu 
ii. pi. 55 (Mav 1861) ; id. Mr. Troch. p. 55; Scl % Salv. P.Z. S. 
1867, p; 753^ 1873, p. 287; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. 
p. 141, iv. p. 151; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Elliot) 
Syn. Troch. p. 28; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 165. 
Agapeta gularis, P. Heine, J.f.O.n. 1803, p. 178. 
Campylopterus gularis, Muls.%fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 22. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; wings 
purple-black; tail with the lateral feathers tinged with bronze; 
under surface shining grass-green; feathers of the throat white at 
their bases; a large thoracic spot glittering rosy lilac ; thighs and 
under tail-coverts white ; bill dark. Total length about 4*5 inches, 
wing 24, tail 1-4, bill (chord) 1-2. 

The Peruvian specimen has the lateral tail-feathers tipped with 
white, probably due to immaturity. 
Hal. Eastern Ecuador; Eastern Peru. 


a. Ad. sk. ISFapo, Ecuador. Gould Coll. (Type 
of the specie*.)" 
b. Ad. sk. Chyavetas, Peru (R Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
72. PHJEOCHROA. 
299 

72. PHJSOCHRGA. 
Type. 
Phseochroa, Gould, Mon. TrocTi. p. 55 P. euvieri. 

Range. British. Honduras and Guatemala to Colombia and Venezuela. 


Key to the Species. 

a. Subterminal dark band of the lateral rectrices narrow; 
basal two-thirds of the mandible flesh-colour euvieri, p. 209. 
b. Subterminal dark band of the lateral rectrices broad; 
mandible wholly dark roberti, p. -300. 
1. Phseochroa euvieri. 
Trochiliih euvieri, Delattre 8f Bourc. Rev. Zoo!. 1845, p. 315. 
Campvlopterus euvieri, 2$. Consp. i. p. 71; Reich. Troch. Enum. 

p. % pi. 805. f. 4871; Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 52 (Sept. 1850); 
Laicr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 319; Muls. # Terr. Class. Troch. 
p. 22; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 27. 
Aphantochroa 
euvieri, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Cab.fyHeine, 
Mus. Hein. iii. p. 14; Mids. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 137, 

iv. p. 150; Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mas. Caen, i. p. 161. 
Coeligena clemencise $, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 3, pi. 687. f. 4517 
(apud Cab. <§• Heine). 
Phseoehroa euvieri, Goidd, Intr, Troch. p. 55; 8cl. $ Sah. P. Z. S. 
1864, p. 365; Sah. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 153, 1870, p. 205; Latvr. 
Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 121; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 202. 
Polytmus euvieri, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 125. 
Adult male. Above shining grass-green; lateral rectrices tipped 
with white and with a narrow subterminal dark band; under surface 
dull bronze-green, the feathers edged with grey; middle of 
the abdomen drab ; under tail-coverts pale greenish grey edged with 
whitish; bill black; mandible, except the terminal third, fleshcolour. 
Length 4*6 inches, wing 2*7, tail 1*7, bill 1. 

Adult female. Like the male. 
IIah. Costa Bica, the State of Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela. 

a. $ ad. sk. Ptinta Arenas, Costa Bica, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(O. S.). 
b. Ad.sk. Mirabayes, Costa Bica (E. Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Bebedero, Nicoya, Costa Bica Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(EArcS). 
d. $ ad. sk. Bugaba, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. £ ad.; / . JUT. David, Panama ( Warszeiuies). Gould Coll. 
a, h. Ad. sk. Panama (MLeannan). Sclater Coll. 
*ifj. Ad.; h. $ Lion Hill, Panama (MLean- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. nan). 
I Ad. sk, Paraiso, Panama (Hughes). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

300 
TKOCHILT. 

2. Phseochroa roherti 
Aphantcchroa roberti, Salv. P. Z. S. 1861, p. 354; F. Seine, J. f. Or a. 
18G3, p. 178; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, i. p. 139. 
Campvlopteriis robeiti, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 53 {Sept. 1861); 
Mids. % Verr. Class, Troch. p. 22} Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 28. 

Pliasochroa roberti, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 55: Mvls, Ann. Hoc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 202; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 102; Nutting, 
Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 400. 

Polytmus roberti, Gray, Hand-l. P. i. p. 125. 

Adult male. Like that of P. cuvieri, but with a much broader 
subterminal dark band of the lateral rectrices. and-frith the whole of 

the mandible dark. 
Adult female. Like the male. 
Hah British Honduras and Eastern Guatemala, in forests up to 


an elevation of 2000 feet. 

a, b. c? acl.; c. $ San Felipe, Western District, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Brit. Honduras, Feb.; Mar. 


(P. Blancaneaux). 
d. 2 ad. sk. Belize River, Bee. (F. P.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. J ad. sk. Ca^o, Western District, Brit. Salrin-Godnutn Coll. 
Honduras (P. P.). 
/. S ad. ><k. Choctuni,Guatemala (P.Owen). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
g-j. c?ad. sk. Choctuni, Feb. (O. 8. $• F. Salvin-Godman, 
I). G.). Sclater, & Gould 
Colls. 
h Ad. sk. Cantobloc, Guatemala^ Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(0. S. £ F. P . <?.). 
I. Ad. sk. (Skin of Guatemala make.) Gould Coll. 
73. 
STERHOCIiYTA. 
Type. 
Sternoclyta, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 58 (Sept. 
1858) S. cyaneipectus. 

Mange. Venezuela. 

1. Sternoclyta cyaneipectus. 
Trochilus (Lampornis) cyanopeetus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 80. 
Lampornis cvanopectus," Bp. Consp. i. p. 72; MuU. <$• Terr. Class* 

Troch. p. 24. 
Ssepiopterus cyanopeetus^ Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11. 
Campylopterus cyanipeetus, Pp. Bev. Zool 1854, p. 250. 
Sternoclyta cyaneipectus, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 08 (Sept. 1858) ; 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 57 ; Cab.fy Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 13 ; Bel. $* 
Salv. P. £. & 1868, p. 628; iHw/s. i3&$. AV. Ois.-Mouches, I 

p. 178, iy. p. 158; «& .4ww. $?c. XM2«. Pyow, xxii. p. 203 ,* JE7#o£, 
Syn. Troch. p. 60; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 272. 
JcMtf ma7e. Upper surface and sides of the neck dark shining 
grass-green ; throat glittering grass-green; breast glittering dark 

74 . TTROCH-ROA. 
blue; abdomen green, the feathers with dusky edges; under tail-
coverts dusky green with pale edges ; edge of the outermost primary 
whitish; secondaries beneath at the base and some of the wingeoyerts 
chestnut; tail dark bronzy green, the two outer feathers on 
either side tipped with white ; bill black. Total length about 54 
inches, wing 2-8; tail, central rectrices 1*35, lateral 1*8, bill 
(chord) 1*4. 

Female. Upper surface shining grass-green; under surface greyish 
white; abdomen chestnut; each feather of the throat and flanks 
with a green discal spot; wings beneath'marked with chestnut like 

Urochroa, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 57 (Sept. 1856) U. bougueri. 

the male; lateral rectrices tipped with white. 
Hab. Venezuela. 
a, <$ ad. sk. Puerto Cabello, Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk. San Cristobal, Venezuela. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c-e. d ad. sk. Venezuela. Salvin-Godman, 
Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 
74. UEOCHROA. 
lype. 

 ..
Mange. Ecuador. 

1. Urochroa bougueri. 
Trochilus bougueri, Bourc. Compt Rend, xxxii. p. 18G. 
CceHgenay. Coeligena bougueri, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Coeligena bougueri, Bp. Reo. Zool. 1854, p. 252. 
Urochroa bougueri, Gottlcl, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 57 (Sept. 1856); id. 


Intr. Troch. p. 56; id. P.Z.8. 1860, p. 803; Scl. P.Z.S. 1860, 

p. 95; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches,i. p. 192, iv.p. 159; id. Amu 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203; Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. 62; LJudes-
Desl. Ann. Mm, Cam, i. p. 219. 
Urochroa leucura, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 43. 
Lampornis bougheri, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 24. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; rump and 
upper tail-coverts golden bronze; throat glittering blue, shading 
into green at the sides and also on the lower chest; abdomen grey ; 
flanks tinged with green; under tail-coverts bronze, the shorter ones 
edged with white; middle rectrices greenish bronze, the next three 
pairs on either side white, narrowly edged outwardly with black and 
also inwardly for their distal half with a wider margin of the same 
colour, but leaving the tip itself white; outermost rectrix on either 
side also white, but with a wider black border on each side extending 
to the tip of the feather; under wing-coverts green: bill black; 
feet yellow. Total length 5*3 inches, wing 2-95 ; tail, central rectrices 
1-75, lateral 1*7; bill 1*5. 

Young male. More bronze over the whole upper surface; a large 
chestnut patch on either side of the gape : central rectrices darker, 
almost steel-blue; next three on either side with wider black border* 
the outermost pair being steel-blue-black. 

302 
TROCHILT. 

The young male is typical of U. bougueri, the adult of U. leucura ; 
but I agree with Elliot and others in referring them to a single 
species. 

Hal. Eastern Ecuador. 
a-e. Ad. sk. Environs of Quito, Ecuador Gould Coll. 
(Jameson), 

f. Ad. sk. Bafios, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvm-Godraaii Ooll. 
j. 
Ad. sk. U. Napo, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
k. Ad. sk. Ecuador (ex Verreaux). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
75. EUGENES*. 
Type. 
Eugenes, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 59 (Sept. 1856) ... . E. fulgent. 

Range. Mexico, Guatemala, and Costa Rica. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Breast black; lateral rectrices bronzy green ... . fulgens, p. 802. 
b. Breast dark shining green; lateral rectrices dark 
bronzy brown towards the tip spectabilis, p. -304:. 
1. Eugenes Mgeus. 
Trochilus fulgens, Sw. Phil. Mag. new ser. i. p. 441; Gray, Hatid-l. 
B. i. p. 137. 
Omismya rivolii, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxvi, 48, pi. 4. 
Trochilus rivolii, Less. Lid. Gen. Troch. p. xviii. 
Omismya clemencise J , Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches,Sicppl. p. 115, 
pi. 8. 
Delattria fulgens, Bp. Consp. i. p. 70. 
Oceligena y. Oceligena fulgens, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Ooeligena fulgens, Bp. Beu. Zool. 1854, p. 2o2 ; Belch. Troch. JSnwn* 

p. 3, pi. 686. ff. 4513-14; Bel. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 297,1869, pp. 867, 
386. 
Eugenes fulgens, 
Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 52 (Sept. 1856); id. Intr* 
Troch. p. 58 ; Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 52; 8el fy Salv. Ibis, 185% 

p. 128 ; Salv. Ibis, 1860, pp. 197, 261, 263 j Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iii. p. 20; Set. Cat. Am. B. p. 268; id. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 176 ; 
A. Duges, La Nat. i. p. 141; Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 349; de Oca3 
La Nat. iii. p. 164 ,* Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 212^ 
pi. 47, iv. p. 206; id. Ann. JSOC Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213; Hllhf, 
Si/n. Troch. p. 60; JEudes-Desl Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 279 ; 
Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 157. 
Clytolaema fulgens, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 59. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark bronzy green, the neck and uppe r 
back appearing black when seen from in front ,* crown rich glittering 
violet; throat glittering green ; rest of the under surface black 
as far as the middle of the abdomen, but shining green when seen 

* I do not know:— 
EUGENES VIEIBICKPS, Boucard, Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, ('2) xxv. p. 55 (1878), 
from Gruutemala. 

75 . EF&T^ES. 
303 
from behind; lower abdomen dusky; under tail-coverts dull green 
e Iged with pale dusky ; under wing-coverts green ; tail bronzy 
green; bill Mack. Total length 5*5 inches, wing 3 ; tail, central 
reetriees 1-5, lateral 1-&5 ; bill 14 . 

Adult female. Upper surface dark sbining grass-green; crown 
dusky; under surface grey; flanks green; feathers of the throat 
with darker centre^; lateral reetriees green tipped with white, and 
with a wide subterminal dark steel-blue band. 

Ytjtuif] malts hdxe the lateral reetriees tipped with dusky wbite; 
the feathers of the crown are dull dark green, amongst which the 
glittering violet feather^ gradually appear. The chest becomes 
darker as maturity L reached. 

IfffL Southern Arizona and Mexico from the Sierra Madre of 

Sonera southwards ; also the highlands of Guatemala at an elevation 

of about 5000 feet. 

«• 2 ad. >*k. 
L s ad.; c-f. O 
ad. ek. 

y /. -J ad. *k. 

/. 
7 ml *k. 

k. cf ad. -k. 
/. J ad. 4u 

/?i. § ad. *k 

>*, (§ ad. *»k. 

//. p. d* ad.; f-*. 
$ ad. sk. 

t. S 
ad. ; ?/. ? 
ad. hk. 
v-x. cf ad.; //. 
$ ad. &k. 
z -&'. (J ad.; c, 
tf'. <J juv.; e\ 
f\ $ ad. sk. 
#'. g ad. sk. 
h\ <J ad.; i\ J 
juv. sk. 
//A;'. 2 ad- <&• 

/f, cJ ad. sk. 

m'? n'. d ad. sk. 

0'. cJ ^d.; p\ 2 
ad. sk. 
q\ $ ad. bk. 
rf, s'. 8 ad.; *', 
«'. <J juv.; »'. 
$ ad. sk. 

Arizona (JET. W, Henshaw). 

Sierra de San Luis Poto<i; 
Mexico, July (W. B. Richarihwi), 


El^ Patio (Jalapa), June (3L 
Trujillv), 

Jalapa, Ma> (3/. T.). 
Julapa (//e Oca). 
Ckimalpa, Valley of Mexico, 


April (F. Ferrari-Petrz). 
Hacienda E4ava, Valley of 
Mexico, April (F. F.-B.). 


Aju^co, Valle\ of Mexico, Sept. 
| JF. B. Richardson). 
Valley of Mexico. 

Itio Frio, IstaceihuatI, Mexico, 
Sept. ( Jr. B. Richardson). 
Sierra de Bolauos, Mexico, Feb. 


(W.B.R.). 

Sierra Nevada de Coliina, April 
to July(JP. B.M.). 

Sierra de Valparaiso. Jalisco, 
Aug. (W. B. R). 
Sierra de JSayarit, Jalisco ( W. 

B. JR.). 
Omilteine, Guerrero, Mexico, 
July {Mrs. H. H, timitk). 
Xucunianatlan, Guerrero, July 

(3lrs:IL IL Smith). 
Xonaguia, Oaxaca, Feb. (M. 
Trujillo), 
Oaxaca, Mexico (FenocMo). 

Oaxaca. 
Mexico (Floresi). 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Gould Cull. 
Sah in-G odmau C oil. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 


Gould Oolls. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

304 
TROCHILI. 

to', x\ S ad. sk. Sta. Maria, near Quezaltenango, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Guatemala, Aug. (?F. B. 
Richardson). 
y\ s\ d ad. sk. San Martin, Quezaltenango, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. {W.B.R.). 
a". cJ ad. sk. Ckuipache, Quezaltenango, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept. [W.B.R.). 
b", c". ? ad. sk. El Eincon, Sail Marcos, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{W.B.R.). 
d". J ad. ;<?",/"• Volcan de Fa ego, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Cull. 
$ ad. sk. Aug. (0. A). 
g"~j". 6 ad. sk. Dueiias, Guatemala, Sept. (0.8. Salvin-Godman & 
&F.D.G.). Sclater Colls. 
k", <$ ad. sk. Tactic, Guatemala, Nov. (O.8.). Gould CoH. 

V. $ ad. sk. Mts. of Cliilasco, Guatemala. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (O.S.^F.D.G.).
m". $ ad. sk. Mexico. Purchased. 
»". <J juv.st. Purchased. 


2. Eugenes spectaMHs. 
Heliomaster 
spectabilis, Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 472,* 8alv. 
Ms, 1868, p. 251. 
Eugenes spectabilis, Sab. Ik's, 1809, p. 310; Lawr. Ann. Life. K. Y. 

ix.p. 121, x.#p. 140; v. Frantz.J.f.O.i. 1800, p. 315; Muls. 
Hist. Xat. Ois.-MoucJieS) ii. p. 215, iv.-p. 200; id. Ana. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 213; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 08; Elliot, Sya. 
froch. p. 01 j Eudes-Desl. Ann.Mus. Caen, i. p. 281. 
Jcfo^ //iflfe. Very similar to that of E. fuhjens, the head being 
ornamented in the same way; the chest, however, is dark binning 
green, and not black as in the allied species. The lateral rectrices, 
also, are of a brownish- rather than a greenish-bronze colour 
towards the end, and the tail itself less deeply forked. 


The female is probably not to be distinguished from that of 

E. fulgens. 
Hab. Costa Eica. 
a, b. <$ ad. sk. Irazti, Costa Rica (H. Rogers). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. (S juv. sk. Irazu, Costa Uica (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. S ad. sk. Costa Rica (ex G. JV. Lawrence). Gould Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Gould Coll. 
f. $ ad. sk. Costa Rica (JBndres). Gould Coll. 
76. CCELIGEKA. 
Type. 
Cosligena, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xviii (1832) ..... . C. clemencise. 

Range. Mexico. 

1. Coligena clemencise. 
Ornismya 
clenaencise, Less. Mist. Wat Ois.~3£otwhe$, pp. xlv, 216, 
pi. 80; id. 8uppl p. 115, pi. 8. 
Trochilus clemencige, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xviii j Gray, Hand-l 

B. I p. 139. 
Lampornis clemencise, 
Less. Traits (TOrn. p. 279; Bp. Rev. ZooI. 
1854, p. 250; Muls. 8? Verr. Class. Troch. p. 24 

/ / . OKEOFYHA. 
305 

Delattria clemenci», Bp. Co?isp, I p. 70; Gould, Mori. Troch. ii. 
pi. 60 (May 1855); Sol. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 279,1859, p. 367: de Oca, 
La Nat. iii. p.100. 
Coeligena a. Coeligena cleniencise, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Coeligena clemenciae, Reich. Troch. Emim. p. 3, pi. 687, ff. 4516-17 j 
Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. If em. iii. p. 15; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 289; 
Gould Intr. Troch. p. 59; A. Buges, La Nat i. p. 141; 
Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 350; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 

i. p. 180, iv. p. 158; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 30 ; Eitdes-Besl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 232. 
Adult male. Upper surface bronze-green, greener on the neck, 
more bronze on the rump, where the colour runs into purple-black, 
the colour of the wings and tail; crown dark; two lateral rectrices 
on either side broadly tipped with white; a long narrow white 
postocular stripe; ear-coverts dark; under surface grey; throat 
glittering blue; flanks faintly washed with green; under tail-
coverts edged with white; bill black. Total length about 5*3 inches, 
wing 3*1, tail 2, bill 1-5. 

Adult female. Like the male, but the whole throat grey; not 
blue. 
Hah. Mexico, from the State of Durango to that of Oaxaca, Yera 
Cruz, &c. 

a. S 
ad.; b. J Oiudad in Durango, Mexico, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (A. Forrer). 
c-e. 
$ ad.; / . Sierra de Valparaiso, Aug. {W. Salvin-Godman Coll 
2 pv.; g. 2 B. Richardson). 
ad, sk. 

k. 
$ ad. sk. Sierra de San Luis Potosi, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July ( W. B. Richardson). 
i, $ ad. sk. Las Vigas, Mexico, July (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Fe?'?'ari-Perez). 
/. <$ ad.; h $ Ajusco, Valley of Mexico, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (W. B. Richardson). 
I, m. cS ad.: n, Amecameca, Mexico, April (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

o. 2 ad. sk. B. G.). 
p-r. S ad.; s. Eio Frio, Ixtaccihuatl, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
<j> ad. sk. Sept. (W. B. R\ 
t. 
J ad. sk. Omiltenie, Guerrero, July {Mrs. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
H. H. Smith). 
u, v. S ad.; w. Cordova, Mexico. A. Sall6 [C.]. 
2 ad. sk. 
x, y. $ ad. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico (Fenochio). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z9 a'. (S ad.; b\ Mexico (Fhresi). Salvin-Godman & 

e'. $ ad, sk. Gould Colls. 
d',e'. tfad.;/, (Mexican make.) Salvin-Godman & 
g'. J ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

77. 0RE0PYRA. 
Type. 
Oreopyra, Gould, R Z. S. 1860, p. 312 O. leucaspis. 
Range. Costa Rica and the State of Panama. 
VOL. XVI. 

306 
TKOCHILI. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throat white. 
a\ Tail purple-black leucaspis, p. 306. 
b'. Tail grey cinereicauda, p. 807. 
b. Throat glittering reddish purple. 
c'. Chest glittering green calolmna, p. 307. 
d\ Chest blackish green pectoralis, p. 308. 
1. Oreopyra lencaspis. 
Trochilus ( ?) castaneoventris, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 163. 
Anthocephala ? castaneiventris, Gould, Mon. Trock iii. pi. 203 
(Sept. 1885); id. Intr. Trock p. Ho ; Mids. $ Verr. Class. Trock 

p. 71; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 123, iv. p. 219. 
Oreopyra leucaspis, Gould, P. Z. S. I860, p. 312; id. Mon. Trock iv. 
pi. 264 (May 1861); id. Intr. Trock p. 141; Salv. P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 153, 1870, p. 205; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 125; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 160, pi. 115; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 33; Eudes-Besl. 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 241; Sharps hi GoukTs Mon. Trock Suppl. 
(April 1885). 

Diphlogsena leucaspis, Muls. § Verr. Class. Trock p. 01. 
Oreopyra castaneiventris, Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, p. 153; id. Ibis, 1869, 


p. 316. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, slightly 
tinged with bronze on the middle of back; crown glittering bluish 
green; wings purple-black; tail dark steel-blue-black; a long 
white postocular stripe; ear-coverts dark green; throat pure 
white, edged below with bluish green; chest glittering green ; 
middle of the abdomen grey: flanks green; under tail-coverts 
greyish, washed with green and edged with whitish; bill black. 
Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*5. tail 1*4, bill 0*95. 

Adult female. Like that sex of O. calolama, and not to be distinguished 
by any certain characters, the crown is perhaps a little 
brighter. Females from the Yolcano of Chiriqui most probably 
belong to this species. 

Young males have the crown of the same green as the back, the 
white throat is gradually assumed, and in some specimens bluish 
feathers are scattered over the surface. 

Trochilus castaneoventris, Gould, subsequently figured as Anthocephala 
castaneiventris, is most probably the oldest name for this 
bird. But as it was applied to female specimens obtained by 
Warszewiez in Chiriqui, where O. leucaspis and O. caldkema are 
found, and as the females of these species are not distinguishable 
with certainty, the names based upon male examples had best be 
retained. 

Hob. Panama, Yolcan de Chiriqui. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Cordillera of Chiriqui (Warsze- Gould Coll. 
*wes). (Type of O. leucaspis, Gould.) 
h-e. 
9ad.sk. Cordillera of Chiriqui (War&ze- Gould Coll. 
xoiez). (Type of Anthocephala castaneiventris.) 

77 - OfcEOPTEA.. 
307 

f-o. $ ad.; p- Volcan de Chiriqui (E. Arc£). Salvin-Godman, 
to. tfjuv.; >r~ Gould, & Sclater 
d'. 2 ad.sk Colls. 

2. Oreopyra cinereicauda. 
Oreopyra cinereicauda, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 435, ix. p. 125; 
v. Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 316; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 206; 
Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 68; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 
iv. p. 163, pi. 116; id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203 ; Elliot, 
8yn. Trock. p. 34 ; Eudes-DesL Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 243; Gould, 
Mori. Track. 8uppl. -pi. 7 (April 1885). 
Oreopyra castaneiventris, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 125 (partim). 

Adult male. Like that of 0. leucaspis, but the crown is of a bluer 
tint, and the tail instead of being steel-blue is grey, darker towards 
the apex. 

AduU female. Like the females of the other species of Oreopyra, 
the bill being rather longer than in 0. leucaspis and 0. calolcema. 
HaL Gosta Rka. 

«?. $ ad. sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h-d. $ ad.; e. Costa Bica. G ould Coll. 


2 
ad. sk. 

3. Oreopyra calolaema. 
Oreopyra 
c&lolsema, Sale. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 584,1867, p. 153,1870, 
pp. 205, 206; Safoad. Atti P. Ace. Tor. 1868, p. 183; Laior. 
Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 125: v. Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 316; 
Boucard, P. Z. S.1878, p. 69; Muls. Hist. *Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. 

p. 164, pi. 117; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 203; Elliot, 8yn. 
Trock. p. 33 ; Eudes-Desl Ann, Mus. Caen, i. p. 239; Nutting, Pr. 
XL 8. Nat. Mm. v. p, 500; Sharpe in Gould, Mm. Troch. 8uppL 
pi. 6 (April 1885). 
Oreopyra venusta, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 484; Eudes-Desl. 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. n. 240. 
Anthocephala eastaneiventris, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 124; 

v. Frantz. Zf. Orn. 18(;9, p. 316. 
Trochilus calolaemus, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 138. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, darker on 

* the rump; crown glittering bluish green, edged towards the nape 
with green which looks black in certain aspects ; a long white postocular 
stripe ; wings dark purple-black; tail dark steel-blue-black; 
ear-coverts dark green; throat metallic reddish purple; chest 
glittering green, abdomen ashy, flanks washed with green: under 
tail-coverts dark greyish, washed with green and edged with whitish; 
bill black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2-5, tail 1*45, bill 1. 
Adult female. Upper surface like the male, but without the 
glittering crown; under surface uniform cinnamon, whitish on the 
middle of the abdomen; tail green, the outer rectrices with a black 
subterminal bar, the tips white. 


In the young Wtle the crown is dark shining green like the back, 
and there is often an admixture of green on the throat, but the 
chest is always more or less of a glittering hue. 


x2 

308 
TEOCHILI. 

Hah. Costa Eica and the more western of the mountains of the 
State of Panama. 

a-d. 3 ad.; e. Volcan de Cartasro, Costa Rica Salvin-Godman & 
§ ad. sk. (E. Arce). ° Gould Colls. 
(Types of the species.) 
/, g. 3 ad.; h, Irazu district, Costa Rica (JET. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i. J ad. sk. Rogers), 
j. 3 ad.sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Gould Coll. 
'k. <$ ad. j I 2 Volcan de Chiriqui (E. Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
m, n. 3 ad.; o, Cordillera de Tole, Panama Salvin-Godman & 


p. $ ad. sk. (Arce). 
Gould Colls. 
q. 3 
ad. j r. $ Cordillera del Chucu, Panama Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. (Arce). Gould Coils. 
s. 3 ad. sk. Calovevora, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
t. 3 ad. sk. Calobre, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u, v. (3 ad. sk. Veragua (Boucard). Gould Coll. 
4. Oreopyra peetoralis. 
Adult male. Similar to that of 0. calolcema in all respects, 
except that the breast when viewed from in front is nearly black 
and not glittering green. 

The female is probably undistinguishable from that of 0. calolcema. 
The specimens mentioned below as probably females of this species 
came in the same collection as the males. 

Hah. Costa Rica. 

a. 3 ad. sk. Costa Rica. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. 3ad.; c.3 juv.; Costa Rica (E. E. Entires). Gould Coll. 
d} e. J ad. sk. 
78. DELATTRIA. 
Type. 
Delattria, JBp. Consp. Av. i. p. 70 (18*50) I>. henrici. 
Chariessa, Heme, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 178 , D. henrici. 
Cceligena (Himelia), Mids. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyont xxii. 

p. 203 (1875) D. henrici. 
Range. Southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Costa Rica. 
Key to the Swedes. 

a. Under surface greyish brown. 
a'. Throat rose-coloured henrici, p. 308. 
b'. Throat violet , margarethm, p. 310. 
b. Under surface white. 
c'. Throat uniform glittering green viridipallens, p. 310. 
d\ Throat with a central glittering blue spot hemileuca, p. 31L 
1. Delattria henrici. 
Ornisuaya henrica, Less. # Delattre, Eev. Zool. 1839, p. 17. 
Delattria henrici, Bp. Consp. i. p. 70 j id. Eev. Zool. 1854, p. 2/>3; Gould, 
Mon. Troch. ii. pi, 62 (Oct* 1854); Bel § Salv. Ibi*} 1839, p. 129; 

78 . DELATIRIA. 
309 

Set P. Z. S. 1858, p. 279, 1859, pp. 367, 386; Salv. Ibis, 1860, 

p. 196, 18(52, p. 96 ; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 289; Villada, La Nat ii. 
p. 351; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 234. 
Heliodoxa S. Lamprolaemahenrici, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9: id. Troch. 
Enum. p. 6, pi. 742.fit. 4701-3. 
Coeligena nenrici, Cab. ty Heine, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 15,* Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois-Mouehes, i. p. 182, iv. p. 159; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 203 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 30; Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U. 8. 
Nat Mus. ix. p. 157. 
Cliariessa henrici, F. Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 178. 
Lampornis henrici, Mute, fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 24. 
Topaza henrica, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 134. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark bronze-green, becoming brownish 

on the rump, the longest upper tail-coverts being dark steel-blue 

like the rectrices; crown dark, each feather obscurely edged with 

dark green; a long white postocular stripe; a rictal stripe fulvous; 

throat glittering rosy red; rest of the under surface grey, tinged 

especially on the flanks with green; under tail-coverts grey, faintly 

edged with white; lateral rectrices obscurely tipped with greyish; 

bill black. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2-6, tail 1*6, bill 1. 

Adult female. Like the male, but with the whole under surface 

pale grey, the breast slightly rufescent, and the lateral rectrices 

more distinctly tipped with greyish. 

Hah. Southern Mexico and the highlands of Guatemala, at an 

altitude of 7000 feet and upwards. 

a-d. dad.; e,f. Jalapa, Mexico (de Oca). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 


g. 
$ ad. sk. Montanas de Orizaba, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
May (F. Ferrari-Perez). 
h. $ juv.; a, Coatepec (Jalapa), Mexico, Oct., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j. J ad. sk. Nov. (M. Trujillo). 
k.' $ ad. sk. Valley of Mexico (le Strange). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I. $ 
ad. sk. Hacienda Eslava, Valley of 
Mexico, April (F. F.-Perez). 
m. 6 ad.sk. Sierra Nevada de Colima, Dec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
( W. B. Richardson). 
n, o. S ad. sk. Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Nov. (O. 8. $ F. D. (?.). 
p-r. $ ad. *, 5. Calderas, Volcan de Fuego, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. (0. 8.). 
t 
S ad sk. Totonicapam, Altos of Guatemala, Gould Coll. 
Sept. (0. 8.). 


u. 
$ ad. sk. Quezaltenango, Sept. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richa7'dson). 
v. 
5 ad. sk. San Martin, Quezaltenango, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{W.B.R.). 
w-a\ 
^ad.; b\ Chuipache*. Quezaltenango, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (W.B.R.). 


c'. S ad.; d\ e\ El Kincon, San Marcos, Oct., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Nov. (W.B. R.). 


/. S ad. sk. Mexico. 
Purchased. 

310 
TROCHXLI, 

2. Delattria margaretha. 
Delattria margarethae, Scdv.-fy Godm. Ibis, 1889, p. 239. 
Adult male. Similar to that of D. henrice, but with the throat of 
a violet hue, not rosy red. 
Fab. Mexico, Sierra Madre del Sur, at an elevation of 8000 feet. 

a-l. S ad.; m- Omilteme, Guerrero, July & Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

p. § ad. sk. {Mrs. F. R. Smith). (Types of the species.) 
3. Delattria viridipallens. 
Trochilus 
viridipallens, JBourc. 4* Mute. Aim. Sc. Phys. et Xat. 
Lym, ix. p; 321 (1840). 
Delattria viridipallens, Bp. Consp. i. p. 70; Gould, Man. Troch. ii. 
pi. 63 (May 1855); id. Intr. Troch. p. 60 ; Scl § Salt: Ibis, 1859, 

p. 129; Safo. Ibis, 1859, p. 468, I860, pp. 195, 202, 263; Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 289 ; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 235. 
Agvrtria % iridipaUens, ifoze/i. Aufz.d. Col p. 10; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 7, t. 758. if. 4746-47. 
Thaumantias viridipallens, Bp. Bei\ Zool. 2854, p. 2oo. 
Ghariessa viridipallens, I1. Heine, J. f. Dm. 1863, p. 178, 
Larapornis viridipallens, Mills, 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 24. 
Coeligena viridipallens, Muls. Fist. Nat. Qis.-Jlouehes, i. p. 18*5, ir. 
p. 159 ; id. Ann. Soe. Linn, Lyon, xxii. p. 203 ; Elliot, Stpi. Troch. 
p. 31. 
Topaza viridipallens, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 134. 
Adult male. Upper surface bronze-green, becoming pure green 

on the crown, bronze on the rump, the longest tail-coverts being 

dark greyish purple like the middle rectrices, outer rectrices paler 

and greyer; a long postocular white stripe; ear-coverts greenish 

black; under surface white, the throat-feathers with a pale green 

discal spot, flanks and sides of the breast washed with dull green ; 

under tail-coverts dull greyish; bill black. Total length about 

4*4 inches, wing 2*7, tail 1-65, bill 0*9. 

Adult female. Like the male, but the whole under surface, including 
the throat, white; the lateral rectrices tipped with greyish. 
Fab. Guatemala, Highland forests at an elevation of from 5000 
to 7000 feet. 

a-i. S ad.;,;. J Santa Maria, near Quezaltenango, SalviB-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Guatemala, Aug., Sept. (IV. 

B. Bichardson). 
h. 
<$ ad.; I. ? Pie de la Cuesta, San Marcos Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (W.B.E.). 
m. 
S ad. ,* n, o. Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. Sept. (O. S. $ F. D. 67.). 
p. 
6 ad.; q. ? Chilasco, Guatemala, Jan. (O. & Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. $ F. D. G.). 
r, s. $ ad. sk. Coban, Guatemala, Nov. (O. S.). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

t, it. $ ad.; i\ Giialemala (Skinner), Gould Coll. 

w. 2 ad. sk. 
79 . CLYTOLJEMA. 
311 

4. Delattria hemiieuca. 
Oreopyra heniileuca, Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 584; Later. Ann. Lyc. 
N Y. ix. p. 125; v.^Frantz. J.f.O.n. 1869, p. 310j Muh. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 187, pi. 118; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p 203; Boucard, P. Z.S. 1878, p. 79; Eudes-JDesl Am. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 237. 
Coeligena hemileuca, Elliot, Syn. H. Birds, p. 31. 
Trocnilus hemileucus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 138. 

Adult male. Upper surface, including the central tail-feathers, 
grass-green, the latter tinged with bronze ; crown glittering green; 
the nape in certain lights black; a long white postocular stripe; 
throat glittering green, with a large central blue patch ; rest of the 
under surface white; flanks green; centres of the under tail-
feathers greyish; lateral rectrices greyish green, with a dark subterminal 
bar, bill black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*4, 
tail 1-5, bill 0*9. 

Adult female. Like the male, but with the crown less glittering ; 
the throat white, with a few small green spots and no blue patch; 
the lateral rectrices paler at the tip. 

Hah. Costa Rica. 

a, b, <S ad.; c, d. Turrialba, Costa Rica (E. Arcg), Salvin-Godman Coll. 1 

9 ad. sk. > 
e. $ ad. sk. Tucurriqui, Costa Rica (ArcS). Salvin-Godman Coll. J 
(Types of the species.) 
f-h. S ad; i. 9 Costa Rica. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

79. CLYTOLJEMA. Type. 
Clytolserna, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 249 (Oct. 1853). C. rubinea. 
Polyplancta, Seine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 182 C. aurescens. 

Mange. Upper Amazons Yalley and Eastern Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Breast and a patch on the crown glittering green; 
a coppery-red gular spot rubinea, p. 311. 
b. Breast chestnut; a patch on the crown glittering 
violet; no gular spot aurescens, p. 313. 
1. Clytolaema rubinea. 
Mellisuga brasiliensis gutture rubro, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 720, pi. 37. 

£4. 
Oiseau-Mouche a gorge rouge du Br&il, Buff. PL Enl 276. £ 4. 
Rubis emeraude, Buff. Hist. Nat Ois. vi. p. 31. 
Ruby-throated Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 768. 
Dusky-crowned Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 776. 

312 TEOCHIXT. 

Trochilus rubineus, Gm. Syst. Xat. i. p. 493; Lath. Ind. Orn. i. 

p. 312 ; Vieill N. Bict. dHist. X. vii. p. 371; id. Enc. Meth. 
p. 568; Less. Ind. Gen. Track, p. xxxv ; Cab. in Schomb. Reise n. 
Guiana, iii. p. 767; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 140. 
Trochilus obscurus, Gm. Syst. Xat. i. p. 495; Vieill. X. Bid. 
dHist. X. vii. p. 361; id. Enc. Meth. p. 573. 
Le Grand Rubis, And. Ois. Bar. i. p. 70, pL 27. 
L'Oiseau Mouohe brun-gris, And. Ois. Bor. i. p. 72, pi. 28. 
Trochilus runeaudatus, Vieill. X. Diet. d'Hist. X. \ii. p. 370; 2V/. 

Enc. Meth. p. 573. 
Ornismya rubinea, Less. Hist. Xai. Ok.-Mouches^ pp. xxiv, 146, 

pis. 44, 45, 46. 
Heliomaster rubineus, Bp. Co?isp. i. p. 70. 
Ulytolsema rubinea, Gould, Man. Trock. iv. pi. 249 (Oct. 1853); id. 

Mr. Trock. p. 134; Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 254; Cab. % Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iii. p. 30; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 309; Mute. <§• Terr. 
Class. Track, p. 59; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 31; Hamilton, Ibis, 1871, 

p. 307; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1873, p. 275; Reinh. Vidensk. Medd. Xat. 
For. Kjbb. 1870, p. 107; Muls. Hist Xat Ois.-Mouekes, ii. p. 227; 
id. Ami. Sac. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 56; 
Eudes-Besl Ann. Mus. Caen, I. p. 251; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. 
p. 367. 
Heliodoxa a. Phaiokema rubinea, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 6, pi. 744. 
ffi 4706-9. 
Calotliorax rubineu^ Eurm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 240. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining reddish bronze; crown dark 
green; forehead and a line along the middle of the crown tapering 
posteriorly glittering green; chin blackish; throat glittering 
coppery red; breast glittering green; rest of the under surface 
dusky, washed with green ; under tail-coverts green, edged with 
pale chestnut; edge of outermost primary and under wing-coverts 
chestnut; tail chestnut, central rectrices and edges or tips of the 
laterals golden bronze; bill black. Total length about 4*8 inches, 
wing 2*8; tail, central rectrices 1*5, lateral 1*8 ; bill 1. 

Adult female. Crown like the back, shining green; under surface 
chestnut, paler on the throat; lateral rectrices (except the outermost 
pair, which are plain chestnut) tipped with buff. 

Young males are at first like the females, and gradually assume 
their sexual characteristic plumage first on the throat and on the 
abdomen. 

Two males (q and r) in the Gould Collection are in peculiar 
plumage. The upper and under surface is dusky, the bright throat 
is of a dull greenish leaden hue, and the median stripe of the 
crown and breast (normally of a glittering green) are of a dull 

purple. 
Hah. South Brazil. 
a. (S ad.; b. $ Rio, Brazil (Youds). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
c. 2 ad. sk. Rio Claro, Goyaz, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Joyner). 
d-jfi <$ ad. sk. Brazil (Rio make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

79 . C1YT0L2EMA. 313 
i. 6 ad. fek. 
/. $ ad. sk. 
k-n. S juv.; o, p. 
Brazil. 
Brazil. 
Brazil. 
E.Fielding,Esq.rP.]. 
Mrs. [P.]. 
Gould Coll. 
c? var.; q. $ 
var. sk. 
r. g ad.; s~u. $> ad. sk. 
v. $ ad, st. 
[Brazil.] 
Rio, Brazil. 
J. Gould [P.]K. 
H. Wood [P.], 

2. Clytolsema aurescens. 
TrocHlus (Lampornis) aurescens, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 88. 
Lampornis aurescens, Bp. Consp. i. p. 72. 
Margarochrysis aurescens, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11. 
Campylopterus aurescens, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250. 
Clytolsema aurescens, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 250 (May 1861) ; 


id, Intr. p. 134; Scl. fy Sail). P. Z. S. 1806, p. 194, 1867, pp. 753, 
079, 1873, p. 288; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 225; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213,• Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 57; 
Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 254; Tacz. 6m. Fir. i. p. 387; 
d'Hamonv. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. xi. p. 316. 

Polyplancta aurescens, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 182. 
Trochilus aurescens, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 140. 
Clytolsema azurescens (!), Mids. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 59. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining green ; crown black viewed 
from the front, with a glittering violet patch extending from the 
forehead backwards on the middle of the crown to a point between 
the eyes ; chin black ; sides and front of the neck glittering golden 
green ; a wide pectoral band chestnut, darkest in the middle; rest 
of the under surface, including the under tail-coverts, shining golden 
green; edge of the outermost primary dusky white ; under wing-
coverts shining green, the longest purple-black; central rectrices 
golden green, lateral chestnut, tipped and edged with golden 
green ; bill black. Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 2-6; tail, 
central rectrices 1*3, lateral 1*45; bill 1. 

Female. Similar to the male but duller, and the forehead dark 
green like the crown not glittering blue. 

Young males have the crown like the back, the glittering violet 
feathers being gradually assumed ; the neck is not so bright and 
the chestnut pectoral band not so definite as in the adult. 

Hab. Valley of the Upper Amazons and its tributaries. 

a. <$ ad. • h. § Kotuno, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
c. $ 
ad. ,* d. J Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
e,f. 
(S ad. sk. Chanucuros, Peru (J. Haux- Gould Coll. 
welt), 

g. J ad. sk. Upper Amazons. E. Bartlett [C.]. 
h-l. 
<$ ad.; m. S Pebas, Amazons, Feb., June, Salvin-Godman, 
juv.; n,o. 2 & July (^ Hauxwell), Gould, &, Sclater 
ad. sk. Colls. 

p. 
Juv. sk. Eg a, Amazons. II. W. Bates [C.]. 
314 
TROCHILI. 

80. LAMPEOL^HdA. T 
Lamprolsema, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 61 (May 1856) .. L. rbanii. 
Range. Southern Mexico and Guatemala. 

1. Lamprolfflma rhami. 
Ornisrnya rhami, Less. Rev. Zool. 1838, p. 315; Less. $ Detattre, Rev. 

Zool'1839, p. 13. 
Lampornis rhami, Bp. Consp. I. p. 72. 
Delattria rhami, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 253; Scl. P. Z. S. 1858, 

p. 297, 1859, p. 307. 
Heliodoxa 8. Lamprolaema rhami, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 6, pi. 746. 
ff. 4712-13. 
Lamprolaema 
rliami, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 61 (May 1850) ; id. 
Mr. Troch. p. 59; Scl. $ Salo. Ibis, 1859, p. 129; Sale. Ibis, 
1859, p. 4(58, 1860, p. 196; Cab. $ Heine, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 30; 
Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 289: id. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 176; de Oca, La 
Nat. iii. p. 25; Mais. Hist. Sat. Ois.-Moiwhes, ii. p. 218, pi. 48, 
iv. p. 206; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213; Elliot, Syn, 

Troch. p. 32 ; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus Caen, i. p. 246. 
Clytolaema rhami, Muls. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 59. 
Trockiius rhami, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 140. 


Adult male. Upper surface grass-green, brighter on the crown, 

duller on the rump; wings chestnut-red—the larger coverts, the 

secondaries narrowly, and the primaries widely edged with black ; 

tail deep reddish purple; throat rosy red, on either side black; 

chest rich purple; abdomen dull black, the flanks washed with 

dark green; under tail-coverts purple black; bill black. Total 

length about 5 inches, wing 3*2, tail 2, bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Under surface dark greyish brown, the feathers of 

the chest and flanks with obscure greenish spots; the throat usually 

has a few of the rosy-red feathers of the male. 

In the maturing young males the throat-patch extends, and the 

chest gradually changes from green to blue ; the dark edges of the 

wing-feathers become narrower. 

Hah. Southern Mexico and Guatemala, in mountain-forests at an 

elevation of from 6000 to 8000 feet. 

a-c. <$ ad.; d. § Cofre de Perote, Mexico, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. & Nov. (M. Trujillo). 
e~g. <$ ad. sk. Coatepec (Jalapa), Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Nov. (M. T.) 
k <J juv.jt*. $ Coatepec (Jalapa), July (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Ferrari-Perez), 

j. <$ ad. sk. Jalapa, July (M. T.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jc, I. £ ad. sk. Jalapa (de Oca). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
m-o. S ad.; p. Cordova, Mexico (Salle). Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 

q. $ ad. sk. & Mexico (Floresi). Gould Coll. 
8 L DOCIMASTES. 315 
r-u. <$ ad.sk. Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July, Auc. (ifefr«. •#. -#. 
jSfrm£/a). 
v, w. (5 ad. sk. 
x. 2 ad. sk. 
?/. J ad. sk. 
z. <$ ad.; a', b'. 
6 juv. ; c. $ 
ad. sk. 
d'-i1 . <$ ad.; f. 
Tonaguia, Mexico, Feb. (M. 
Trujillo). 
Totontepec, Feb. (Jf. T.). 
Oaxaca, Mexico (Fenochio). 
(Mexican skins.) 
Santa Maria, near Quezalte-
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad.sk. " 
k'~ri. $ ad. sk. 
o'-qr. rf ad.,* ?*'. 
2 ad. sk. 
s'. d ad.; t'. $ 
nango, Guatemala, Aug. 
( TV. B. Richardson). 
San Martin, Quezaltenango, 
Oct. (W. B. P.). 
Calderas, Volcan de Fuego, 
Guatemala, Sept. (0. S.). 
Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala, 
Salvin-Godmau Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
«', v'. 2 ad. sk. 
w'. 2 ad. sk. 
Dec. (0.8.&F.D. G.). 
Chilasco, Guatemala, Jan. 
(O. 8. 8f F. D. G.). 
Cahabon, Guatemala. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
.r'. <$ ad. sk. Mexico. Purchased. 

81. DOCIMASTES. 
Type. 
Docimastes, Gould, Man. Troch. iv. pi. 233 (June 1849) D. ensiferus. 
Docintaster, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 74 D. ensiferus. 

Range. Colombia and Ecuador. 

1. Docimastes ensiferus. 
Ornismya ensifera, Boiss. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 354 j id. Mag. ZooL 

1840, Ois. pi. 15; Lodd. P. Z. S. 1843, p. 122. 
Trochilus derbianns, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1840, n. 16. 
Docimastes ensiferus, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 233 (June 1849) ^ 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 129; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 14; 8cl. R. Z. 8. 
I860, p. 81 ; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 307 ; Mute. # Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 60; Whitely, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 189; 8el. $ Sah. R. Z. 8.1875, 
p. 235; Tacz. R. Z. 8. 1874, p. 543, 1880, p. 204,18S2, p. 38; 
id. Orn. Rer. i. p. 375 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 286, 
pi. 60, iv. p. 211; id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 215; Elliotf 
8yn. Troch. p. 61; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 323. 
Docimaster ensiferus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 74; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251, 

l.p.74; 

Docimastes schliephac" " ~~ "i, ""Orn. """""" 1863, p. 215; '""" Gould,~

J.f *
P. £.#.1870, p. 803. 
TrocMlus ensiferus, Gray, Kand-l. B. i. p. 136. 
Docimastes ensifer sehliephacki, Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 304, 
1885, p. 105. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining bronzy green, the 
crown and nape tinged with copper lustre; cheeks and throat 
black; rest of the under surface dark shining green; the breast 

316 
TEOCHILI. 

glittering green ; under tail-coverts green, edged with white ; tail 
bronzy green: bill black; feet yellow. Total length about 8*5 
inches, wing 3*1; tail, central rectrices 1*35, lateral 2-5 ; bill 4*1. 

Female. Like the male on the upper surface; beneath white, 
each feather with a green discal spot, larger and brighter on the 
breast and flanks ; outermost rectrix on either side whitish on the 
outer web nearly to the tip, and with a whitish tip ; bill usually 
longer, 4*7 inches. 

In young males the feathers of the under surface have narrow 
whitish edges, and the black of the throat is thus less intense, and 
the green of the abdomen and breast less lustrous. 

0. ensifera, Boiss., of which T. chrhianas, Fraser, is simply 
synonymous, was based upon Colombian specimens. D. seldiephachi', 
Heine, applies to the Ecuador bird, in which the bill is of rather 
longer average length. 
Hob. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Pern. 

a, § ad. sk. Sierra Xevada, Merida, Vene- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
zuela, 8000 ft. (Goering). 

b-d. <$ ad.; e. <$ Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
juv. :f-i. J Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. 

j. 
cJ ad. sk. Pasto, Ecuador, Feb. {Leh- Sah in-Godman Coll. 
mann). 
k. S 
ad.; I. ? Riobamba, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
m. $ ad. sk. San Lucas, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. § ad. sk. Ecuador {Fraser). Gould Coll. 
o-s. <$ ad.; t,u. Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 


v. tf ad.; to. J Ecuador, Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
x. 
S ad.; y. $ Purchased, 
ad. st. 
82. EUGENIA. 
Type. 
Eugenia, Gould, Mon. Troeh. iv. pi. 234 (May 1836).. E. imperatrix. 

Rang&. Ecuador. 

1. Eugenia imperatrix 
Eugenia imperatrix, Gould, P. Z. S. 1855, p. 192; id. Mon. Troeh. 
iv. pi. 234 (May 18-56) ; id. Intr. Troeh. p. 130; Jameson $ Fraser, 
Ibis, 1859, p. 400; Muls. Mist Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, ii. p. 198, pi. 45; 
id. Ann. Boo. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212; Elliot, %«. Troeh. p. 62; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 292. 
Clytolsema imperatrix, Muls. <§* Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 59. 
Trochilus imperatrix, Gray, JSand-l. B. i. p. 137. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, darker on 

the middle of the back; forehead, throat, and under surface as far 

as the abdomen glittering dark green, turning into glittering golden 

83 . 
HELIODOXA. 
317 

green on the abdomen ; under tail-coverts dark green ; a glittering 
rosy-coppery spot on the middle of the throat; tail greenish black; 
bill black. Total length fro inches, wing 3 ; tail, central rectrices 
0-9, lateral 2 5 ; bill 1*4. 

Female, Upper surface dark shining grass-green; under surface 
white, on the abdomen, pale buff ; each feather of the sides of the 
neck and breast with a central green spot, these spots on the abdomen 
being of a more golden hue. 

Young males are dull green on the upper surface, rather brighter 
beneath, with a more golden tint on the abdomen; the chin at first 
is chestnut, the middle of the throat black. 
Hob. Ecuador. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Near Pasto, Ecuador (Leh- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
mann). 
b, c. <$ ad.; d. $ Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
juv.; e,f. ? 
ad. sk. 

g~n. <$ ad.; o, p. 
Environs of Quito, Ecuador Gould Coll. 

S juv.; q~s.
J ad. sk. 
(Jameson). (Probably tvpes of the species.) 
t,u S ad.; v-y. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
2 ad. sk. ' Gould Colls. 

83. 
HELIODOXA. 
Type. 
Heliodoxa, Gould, P. Z. S. 1849, p. 95 H. jacula. 
Leadbeatera, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 70 H. leadbeateri. 
Aspasta, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 179 H. leadbeateri. 
Hypolia, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212 

(1875) H. leadbeateri. 
Xanthogenyx, d1 Hamonville, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. viii. 

p. 77 (1883) 
H. xanthogonys, 
Range. Costa Eica, Panama, Colombia, to Bolivia, Venezuela, and 
Guiana. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Middle of the crown glittering blue; throat glittering 
green; without a gular spot ... .^ leadbeateri, p. 317. 
b. Middle of the crown glittering green; throat glittering 
green; with a blue gular spot. 
a'. Mandible wholly black. 
a". Entire crown glittering green jacula, p. 319. 
b". Middle of the crown glittering green; sides 

black . jamesoni, p. 320. 
b\ Mandible, except the tip, yellow xanthogonys, p. 321. 

1. Heliodoxa leadbeateri. 
Trochilus leadbeateri, Bourc. # Muls. Ann. So. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, 
vi. p. 43 (1843) ; iid. Mev. Zool 1843, p. 102 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. 
p. 137. 
Trochilus otero, Tsch. Arcli.f. Naturg, 1844; i. p. 298; id. Faun. Per. 
p. 249, pi. 23. f. 2. 
318 TEOCHILI. 

Leadbeatera grata, Bp. Consp. i. p. 70: id. Rev. Zool, 1854. p. 251 • 

Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 75. 
Coeligena (Leadbeatera) bagitta, Reich. Atifi. d. Col. p. 7. 
Coeligena sagitta, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 23; id. Troch. Enum. p. 4, 

pi. 689. f. 4525, pi. 690.fif. 4527-28. 
Coeligena (Leadbeatera) typica, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Leadbeatera otero, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251 j Gould, Intr. Troch. 

p. 75; Tacz. P. Z. S. Ifc74, p. 543. 
Coelio-ena 6\ Leadbeatera otero, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. .3, pi. 689. 
ff. 4523-24. 
Heliodoxa leadbeateri, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 97 CSept. I860); 
Cab. 8j Heine, yius. Ilein. iii. p. 22; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 293 ; 
Elliot, Ibis, 1676, p. 7; id. Syn. Troch. p. 65; Scl. & Sah\ P. Z. S. 
1879, p. &27; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen. i. p. 263. 

Heliodoxa otero, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 96 (bept. 1S( 0) ; Cab. § 
Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 22; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. 

p. 285; Tacz, P. Z. S. lSb'2, p. 85. 
Leadbeatera splendens, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 74. 
Heliodoxa sagitta, Cab. 4* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 22. 
Aspasta leadbeateri, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1563. p. 170. 
Aspasta otero, Heine, J.f.O.n. Ib63. p. 180. 
Aspasta splendens, Heine, J.f.O.n. 3K>3, p. ISO. 
Hypolia leadbeateri. Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouthes. ii. p. 207; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213. 
Clytolaema leadbeateri, var. otero, Muls. §• Verr. Class. Troch. p. ?,9. 
Clytolsema leadbeateri, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 59. 
Hypolia otero, Muh. Hisf. Nat. Oi$.~Mouches, ii. p. 209. 
Hypolia splendens, Mids. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 211. 
Heliodoxa splendens, Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 286. 
Heliodoxa leadbeateri parvula, Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 8*20. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark grass-green, more bronzy on the 

hind neck and upper tail-coverts; crown rich glittering violet-blue, 

tapering towards the nape, where it is bordered on either side with 

black; under surface glittering grass-green, brighter on the throat; 

under tail-coverts narrowly edged with white ; tail steel-blue, the 

central rectrices tinged with bronze; bill black. Total length 

about 4-5 inches, wing 2*75; tail, central rectrices 1*35, lateral 1*9 ; 

bih 0-9. 

Female. Crown dark shining green; under surface white, each 

feather with a shining green disc; middle of the abdomen buff'; 

under tail-coverts dull green, edged with dingy huff; lateral 

rectrices tipped with white. 

Young males have the feathers of the upper surface edged with 
rufous, wider and darker on the crown, the throat rufous where the 
glittering green feathers of the adult are gradually assumed. 

Very old females have a patch of light blue feathers on the 
crown of the same shape as the violet patch of the males. 

Hah. Andes of South America from Venezuela to Bolivia. 

a. $ ad.; b. J ad. Caracas, Venezuela. E. Dyson rC.1. 
sk. 
c. (S ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
83 . HELTODOXA. 
e. S ad. sk. Puerto Oaballo, Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 
f. 
<S juv.; g. Venezuela (Sj)ence). Sclater Coll. 
ad. sk. 
s 

yk, 2, $ ad. sk. Venezuela. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
/ . J ad. sk. Venezuela (Goering). Gould Coll. 

k~q. cS ad.; r-t.. J Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
juv.; «-£'. $ ad. Gould, & Sclater 
sk. Colls. 


c'-e'. tfad.;/', Popayan, Colombia. Gould Coll. 



5 ad. sk. 
7i'. tf ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
i'~k'. Sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
Z'-ra'. c?ad.; o' • $ La Paz, Bolivia {Bridges). Gould Coll. 


ad. sk. 
p'. S juv. sk. Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Buckley). 
q'. <$ ad. j r'. $ Chairo, Yuugas (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 


ad. sk. 
s'. <$ juv. St. Bolivia. T. Bridges [C.]. 
if. S ad. sk. Purchased. 


2. Helio&oxa jacula. 
Heliodoxa jacula, Gould, P. Z. S. 1849, p. 96; id. Mon. Troch. ii. 
pi. 94 (Sept. 1858); id. Intr. Troch. p. 74; id. Ibis, 1867, p. 247; 
Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 22; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 154, 
1870, p. 202; id. Ibis, 1869, p. 283; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. 

p. 122; Muls. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 202, pi. 46 ; id. Ann. 
Son. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 59; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 64; Eudes-Desl. Ami. Mus. Caen, i. p. 287; 
Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 320. 
Leadbeatera jacula, Bp. Consp. i. p. 70; id. JRev. Zool. 1854, p. 251. 
Cceligena (Leadbeatera) jacula, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Cceligena jacula, Meich. Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 688. f. 4522. 
Heliodoxa henryi, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 402. 
Clytolamia jacula, Muls. §• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 59. 
Trochilus jacula, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 137. 


Adult male. Upper surface dark sbining grass-green; crown and 
under surface glittering grass-green, duller on the abdomen; a 
glittering blue gular spot; under tail-coverts greenish brown ; tail 
steel-blue, central rectrices tinged with bronze ; bill black. Total 
length about 4*7 inches, wing 2-8; tail, central rectrices 1-35, 
lateral 2; bill 14. 


Female. Crown like the back, dark shining grass-green; under 
surface white, each feather with a bright green discal spot; lateral 
rectrices tipped with white. 


Young males have rufous throats; the blue gular spot is developed 
at an early stage, some time before the bright feathers of the 
crown begin to appear. 


Birds I take to be very old females have a shining green crown 
of the same shape as that of the male, but paler. The under surface 
is normal. 


320 
TROCHILI. 

Adult males from Central America have rather less bronze on the 
central rectrices. 
Hah. Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia. 

a. J 
ad.; b. <$ juv.; Tucurriqui, Costa Rica Salvin-Godman & 
c, d. J ad. ; e. $ (Arce). Gould Colls. 
juv. sk. 
/ . 2 ad. sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Gould Coll. 
g, h. <$ juv. sk. Costa Rica (Endres). Gould Coll. 


i. $ 
juv.;/. Jad.sk. Cordillera de Tole*; Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Arcs). 
k. 2 ad. sk. Boquete de Chitra,Panama Gould Coll. 
(Arce). 
/. 2 ad. sk. Castillo, Panama {Arce). Gould Coll. 
m-q. $ ad.; r, s. $ Calovevora, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman & 


juv.; t. 2 ad. sk. 
Gould CoUs. 

u. tf 
ad. sk. Santiago de Veraguas, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Panama (Arce). 
v, w. 
(S i .,• x. <$ Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
j uv. sk. 


3. Heliodoxa jamesoni. 
Trochilus jamesoni, Bourc. Compt. Rend, xxxii. p. 187 ; id. Rev. 

Zool. 1851, p. 97; Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 137. 
Coeligena (Leadbeatera) jamesoni, Reich. Anfz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Leadbeatera jamesoni, Bp. Red. Zool. 1854, p. 231. 
Heliodoxa jamesoni, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 9*5 (May 180]); id. 

Mr. Troch. p. 74; id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; Scl. PI Z. S. I860, 

p. 94; id. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 293; Cab. $ Heme, Mas. Hem. in. 
p. 22; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 204; id. Ami. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 05; Eudes-
JDesl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. 289; Bed. <J- Tacz. P. Z. & 1883, 
p. 567, 1884, p. 304. 
Clytolsema jamesoni, Muls. § Terr, Class. Troch. p. 59. 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of H.jaoula, but rather larger 
and with a stouter bill; the crown is black, the forehead glittering 
green, produced along the middle of the crown as a comparatively 
narrow stripe. 

The female is perhaps only distinguishable from that of H. jamla 
by its longer bill. 
Hab. Ecuador. 

a-c. $ ad.; d. S Environs of Quito, Ecuador Gould Coll. 
juv.; e-j. 2ad. (Jameson). 
sk. 

k-m. (S ad.; n, Nanegal, Ecuador (Fraser). Gould & Sclater 

o. 2 a<l. sk, 
Colls. 
p. (S juv. sk. Citado, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
q-s. <J ad.; t. 2 Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
u.$&&.; v. 2ad.sk, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

84 . IOLiEMA. 
321 
4. Helio&oxa xanthogonys. 
Heliodoxa 
xanthogonvs, Sah. $ Godm. Ibis, 1882, p. 80; Whitely, 
Ibis, 1884, p. 357; Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 433. 
Xanthogenvx salvini, cVHamonv. Bull Soc. Zool. Fr. viii. p. 77 
(1883). 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; crown 
black, with, a comparatively narrow glittering green central stripe 
extending from the forehead ; under surface glittering green, with 
a slight blue tinge; gular spot bright blue; tail steel-blue, the 
central rectrices slightly tinged with purple; bill black, the mandible 
for two thirds of its length yellow. Total length about 
4 inches, wing 2*45; tail (nearly even), central rectrices 1*3, 
lateral 1*4; bill 0*95. 

Female. Uniform dark grass-green above; under surface white, 
each feather with a bright green discal spot * lateral rectrices tipped 
with white. 

Young males have dark throats on which the bright feathers of 
the adult begin to appear; there are also some rufous feathers 
about the gape. 

Hab. British Guiana. 

a. 
<5 ad.; b, c. § MerumS Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. June, July (if. Whitely). (Types of the species.) 
d. <$ juv. sk. Roraima, firit. Guiana, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. Whitely). 
84. IOLJEMA. Type. 
Heliodoxa y. Ionolaima, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 9 I. schreibersi. 
Ionolaima, Gould, Mon. Trock ii. pi. 93 (May 1857).. I. schreibersi. 
Iolsema, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 73 I. schreibersi. 

Bangs. Upper Amazons Valley and Peru. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Gular spot glittering violetr-purple. 
a'. Breast glittering green schreibersi, p. 321. 
b'. Breast black tohitelyana, p. 322. 
b. Gular spot glittering fiery golden, changing with 
the incidence of light to golden green luminosa, p. 323. 
1. Iolsema schreibersi. 
Trochilus schreibersi, "Lodd.f Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 43; id. Rev. 

Zool 1847, p. 255. 

Thalurania schreibersi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 77. 

Campylopterus schreibersi, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 250. 

Heliodoxa y. Ionolaima schreibersi, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 6, pi. 745. 

ff. 4710-11. 
Ionolaima schreibersi, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 93 (May 1857) * id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 73; Tacz. P. Z. S.1874, p. 543. 
Ionolaima frontalis, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. K vi. p 263. 

VOL. xvi. 
Y 

322 
TROCHILI. 

Iolsema frontalis, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 73; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 59; Eudes-Desl Ami. Mm. Caen, i. p. 274. 
Iolsema schreiberai, Scl % Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 979, 1873, p. 287 ; 
Muls. 8f Terr. Class. Troch. p. 59; Pelz. Oni. Bras. p. 31; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 138, pi. 40, iv. p. 200j 2& -4»». 
#oc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 211; JSZ&tf, Syn. Troch. p. 58 ; Eudes-
Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, I. p. 275. 

Calothorax schreibersi, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 136. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining* grass-green ; a glittering 
green frontal spot; under surface black ; a glittering violet-purple 
gular spot; breast glittering green : flanks washed with green ; 
under tail-coverts and tail dark steel-blue; central rectrices tipped 
with green; edge of the wing and edge of the outermost primary 
chestnut; bill black. Total length about 5'5 inches, wing 2*9 ; 
tail, central rectrices 1*25, lateral 2-15; bill 1*2. 

Female (as determined by Hauxwell). Very similar to the male, 
but with a fulvous rictal stripe. 

Youny birds have more or less fulvous or buff upon the sides of 
the head stretching from the gape and extending under the eye; the 
gular spot appears at an early age, but the frontal spot is the last 
adult feature to be developed. 

A specimen from Sarayacu, which I should have thought to be a 
normal female, has the gular spot, but the breast is much less 
lustrous and the abdomen much greener; moreover, the central 
rectrices are green throughout. 
Hab. Valley of the Upper Amazons and Eastern Ecuador. 

a-g. <$ ad.; h, i. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
tf juv. sk. " Gould Colls. 
j , k tf ad.; I, m. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
$ juv. sk. Gould Colls. 
n. <$ juv. sk. Macas, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
o. cJ ad.; p, q. Pebas, Amazons, July, Aug. Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (J. Hauxwell). 

2. Iola&ma wMtelyana, 
Iolsema 
whitelvana, Gould, Ann. fy Mag. Nat Hist. (4) x. p. 452 ; 
Whitely, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 188; Mids. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. 

p. 141; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 211; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 59; Eudes-Desl, Ann. Mus. Caen, L p. 276; Sharpe in 
Gould's Mon. Troch. Suppl pi. 12 (Jan. 1883). 
Adult male. Similar to that of /. schreibersi, but with the whole 
breast up to the gular spot black ; frontal spot hardly visible. 
Female. Like the male, but with a huff rictal stripe and the black 
of the under surface tinged with green. 
The sexes of this species as determined by Whitely confirm the 
observation of Hauxwell as to those of L schreibersi. 
Hah. Eastern Peru. 

a. d 
ad.; h. $ Cosnipata, Pern, Aug. (H. Gould Coll. (Types 
ad.sk. Whitely). of the species.) 
5>5. LAUPKAiSTBR. 

323 

3. Iolaema Inminosa. (Plate Till. fig. 1.) 
lolsema Inminosa, Elliot, Ibis, 187(5, p. 188; id. Syn. Troch. p. 58. 
Young male. Upper surface dark shining bronze-green, darker 
and greener on the crown, and nape; rump and upper tail-coverts 
purple-bronze; under surface glittering coppery red; throat black, 
with a gular spot glittering fiery golden, changing with the incidence 
of light into glittering green ; under tail-coverts edged with 
dusky white; central rectrices bronze-black, lateral purple-black; 
bill black. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2-7; tail, central 
rectrices 1-55, lateral 1*75 ; bill 1*05. 

The type is a young male in which the fully adult characters are 
not quite developed. It remains to be seen whether the adult has 
a lustrous frontal spot. 

Lampraster, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 140 L. branickii. 

Eah. ? 
a. S juv. ? Gould Coll. (Type of species.) 
85. LAMPEASTEE. 
Type. 

Range. Peru. 

1. Lampraster branickii. 
Lampraster branickii, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 140, 543, pi. 21. f. 1 j 
id. Orn. Pir. L p. 286 • Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 200 ; 
id. Ami, Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 63 ; Eudes-Besl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 290; Sharpe in Gould7s 
Mon. Troch., Suppl. pi. 14 (March 1887). 
Adult male. " Entirely green, the feathers of the crown appearing 
to be a little darker and bordered narrowly by black, separated by 
a longitudinal median band starting from the base of the bill and 
prolonged to the vertex, formed of scaly plumes of a very different 
green, changing into blue; the green of the wing-coverts is distinctly 
more golden than that of the back; the fore part of the 
throat divided by a sort of shield formed of scale-like feathers of a 
rosy-red colour, taking a slight tone of violet under certain lights, 
and passing into golden and then into green under other reflections 
of light; the chin brilliant green; rest of the lower parts of the 
body of a shade analogous to that of the back, but becoming very 
brilliant under favourable rays of light; the anal region downy 
and the under tail-coverts white, as well as the tarsal plumes and 
a spot behind the eye; wings violet-brown, with the secondaries 
of a cinnamon-rufous at the extremity, which is dark, the outer 
quills bordered with rufous; tail-feathers black, with a slight lustre 
of violet-blue, the two middle ones green ; bill black, with the 
base of the mandible white for a large extent, straight for the 
entire length, half as long again as the head; feet brownish, the 
tarsi clothed with short plumes. Total length 3*9, wing 2*65, 
tail 1*5, bill 1." {Sfiarpe, I. s. c, ex Taczanowshi.) 

Hob. Peru. 

T 2 

THOCHILI. 

86. 
mMQLMMA. T 
Heliodoxa a. Phaiolaiuia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9... . P. rubinoides. 

Range, Colombia and Ecuador. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Forehead and centre of the crown glittering 
green. 
a'. Smaller; chin glittering green like the forehead 
rubinoides, p. 324. 
b '. Larger ; chin fawn-colour like the chest, with 
hardly any admixture of green r cervinigidaris^.325. 
k 
Forehead and whole crown as well as the chin 
shining green aqaatoriafa, p. 325. 


1. Phaeolaema rubinoides. 
Trochilus rubinoides, Bourc.fy Muls. Ann. Sc. Pht/s. el Sat. Lyonr 
ix. p. 322 (1846); iid.Bev. Zool. 1846, p. 316 ; Gray, Hand-l B. i. 
p. 140. 
Heliomaster rubinoides, Bp. Consp. i. p. 70. 
Heliodoxa a. Phaiolsema rubinoides, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. 
Troch. Bnum. p. 6, pi. 743.ff. 4704-5. 
Clytolaema rubinoides, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 254• Muh. 4* Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 59. 

Phseolaema rubinoides, 
Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 268 (Sept. 1858) ; 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 142 ; Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 30; ScL 
Cat. Am. B. p. 310; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 221, 
pi. 49, iv. p. 207; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213; ScLfy 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 529; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 55; Ettdes-Desl 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 248; JBerl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 320. 

Adult male. Tipper surface shining grass-green; upper tail-coverts 
golden bronze; centre of the crown, forehead, and chin glittering 
green; a large patch on the throat glittering rosy copper; sides of 
the throat pale shining green ; rest of the under surface pale chestnut, 
the flanks washed with green; under tail-coverts pale green, 
edged with palp chestnut; central rectrices golden bronze, the 
laterals paler, with the shafts buff; edge of the outermost primary 
and under wing-coverts pale chestnut; bill black. Total length 
about 4*5 inches, wing 2*75; tail, central rectrices 1*25, lateral 1*9 ; 
bill 1. 

Female. Like the male, but -without the gular spot. 

Hob. Colombia. 

a, b. <J ad. sk. Medellin, Colombia (T. Gould Coll. 

K. Salmon). 
c~i. <$ ad.;J-J. c? juv.; Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman Sc 
m, n. $ ad. sk. Sclater Colls. 

87 . HYLOJfYJdLPHA. 
325 
2. Phasolaema cervMgnlaris. (Plate VIII. fig. 2.) 
Similar to P. rubinoides as to the colour of the crown, which has 
a central glittering green stripe. In size it equals P. cequatorialis, 
but differs from that species in the colour of the crown and from 
both in having the chin pale chestnut like the sides of the throat, 
with hardly a trace of green. Total length about 5 inches, wing 2*9; 
tail, central rectrices 1*4, lateral 2; bill 1-3. 

Of the two skins in the Museum, one was in Gould's Collection 
and one in our own, the latter having been obtained from Mr, 
Whitely. Both are males. The exact locality where this bird is 
found remains to be discovered; at present I can only say that the 
types are made up in the manner usual in collections of Hummingbirds 
from Ecuador. 

Bab. Ecuador? 

a. $ ad. Ecuador ? Salvna-Godman Coll. ( (Types of 
b. $ ad. Ecuador ? Gould Coll. \ the species.) 
8. Phaeolaema aequatorialis. 
Phaeohema aequatorialis, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 264 (May 1860); 
id. Mr. Troch. p. 80-3; 3d. P. Z. S. 1859, j>. 145, 1860, p. 70; 
Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 223; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 21*3 * Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 65; Eudes-Desl. Ann. 
Mus. Caen, i. p. 250; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 35; id. Orn. Pir. i. 

p. 292; Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 303. 
Phseolsema rubinoides, Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 145. 
Iolsema sequatorialis, Muls. §* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 59. 
Adult male. Like that of P. rubinoides, but larger; the crown 
and chin shining green, the former without a central glittering 
line; gular spot a little paler and redder. Total length about 
5 inches, wing 2*9 ; tail, central rectrices 1*4, lateral 1-9; bill 
1-2. 

Female. Like the male, but without the gular spot. 

Hob. Ecuador. 

a. S 
ad.; b. $ ad. Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
c. d. <S ad. sk. Yanayacu,Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. d^ad.;/. $ad.sk,
y,h.(S ad. sk.
i. 3 ad. sk. 
Citado, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Quito, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Ecuador (Eraser). 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j-l. (S ad.;
ad. sk. 
m. $ Ecuador. Gould Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 

87. HYL0KYMPHA. Tjpe 
Hylonvmpha, Gould, Ann. 8f Mag. N. B. 1873, xii. 
p. 429 , H. macrocerca. 
Range. Amazons Valley? 
326 
TROCHILI. 

1. Hylonynrpha macrocerca. 
Hylonympha macrocerca, Gould, Ami. fy Mag. N. H. 1873, xii. 
p. 429; id. Mori. Troch., Suppl. pi. 27 (Aug. 1880); Muh. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Motwhes, iii. p. 57; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 97; Eudes-JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 299. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining green, nearly black 
when viewed from in front, greener when viewed from behind ; 
crown black; forehead and central anterior crown, terminating 
posteriorly in a point beyond a line drawn between the eyes, glittering 
violet-blue; under surface as far as the lower breast glittering 
grass-green; abdomen and under tail-coverts black, flanks washed 
with green; tail blue-black: bill black; feet dark hazel. Total 
length about 8'5 inches, wing 2'8 ; tail, outermost rectrix on either 
side 5*4, next pair 2*3, central pair 0*9 ; bill 1*1. 

Adult female. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; under 
surface white, each feather with a shining green discal spot; middle 
of the breast and upper abdomen pure white : lower abdomen and 
under tail-coverts chestnut; tail blue-black, outermost rectrix with 
the shaft, half the inner web, and three-fourths of the outer web 
cinnamon, a dull white spot towards the end of the outer web and 
extending to the inner web just at the tip of the feather; next 
rectrix with the basal half of the shaft and the webs adjoining 
cinnamon. Length of the outermost rectrix 2*1 inches, central 
pair 1*1. 
Bah. Uncertain ; said to be the Amazons Valley near the middle. 

a. c^ad.sk. * "N. Brazil." Gould Coll. (Type 
b-h. S ad.; i, j .2 ad. sk. 
" N. Brazil."
of the species.) 
Salvin-Godman 
C4ould Colls. 
& 

88. LAFRESNAYA. m I 
Type. 
Lafresnaya, Bp. Compt. Rend. xxx. p. 380 (1850) .. L. flavicaudata. 
Entima, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 51 ...... L, gayi. 
Euclosia, Muh. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 63 (1865).. L. flavicaudata. 

Range. Venezuela and Colombia to Peru. 
The outermost primary in this genus is narrow, somewhat as in 


Aglceactis. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Lateral rectrices buff, tipped with bronzy brown, flavicaudata, p. 326. 
b. Lateral rectrices pure white, tipped with bronzy 
gH*n *. gayi, p. 327. 
1. Lafresnaya flavicaudata. 
, 
Trochilus lafresnayi, Bom. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 8. 
Trochilus flavicaudatus fraser, P Z. S. 1840, p. 18. 
Omysmia lafresnavi, Lodd. P. Z. S. ]84#, p. l'2'2. 

88 . LAbKBSNAYA. 
327 

Lafresnaya flavicaudata, Bp. Consp. i. p. 68; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 252; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Enum. p. 8, pi. 785. 
if. 4824-25 ; Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 85 (May 1857) ; id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 69; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 292; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 44; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 214. 
Entima lafresnayi, Cab.fy Heine, Mies. Hein. iii. p. 51 ; Berl J.f. 

Orn. 1887, p. 317. 
Euclosia flavicaudata, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 63. 
Euclosla lafresnayi, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 187; id. 

Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212. 
Calothorax lafresnayi, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 136. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; under surface, 
including the whole throat, chest, and flanks, dark glittering 
grass-green; middle of the abdomen black; under tail-coverts pale 
buff tipped with green ; middle tail-feathers bronze-green, laterals 
pale buff tipped with bronzy brown, the outermost pair more widely, 
the outer web for its terminal half being of the same colour; bill 
black. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2-5, tail 1*6, bill 
1-15. 

Adult female. Under surface buff; throat, chest, and flanks 
spotted with shining green, each feather bearing a spot near its 
extremity; tail more widely tipped with bronzy brown than that 

of the male. 
Hah. Colombia. 
a-g. <$ ad.; h, Lc? juv.; j~?n. 
Colombia (Bogota make), Salvin-Godman 
Gould Colls. 
& 
S ad. sk. 
n-p. Ad. sk. " Purchased. 

2. Lafresnaya, gayi. 
Trochilus gayi, Bourc. # Mids. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, ix, 
p. 325 (1846). 
Trochilus saulse, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 309. 
Lafresnaya gayi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 68; id. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252; 
Reich. Aufzld. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Enum, p. 8, pi. 786.ff. 482627; 
Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 86 (May 1857); id. Lntr. Troch. 

p. 69; Scl. P. Z. S. 1860, pp. 81, 94; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 292; Scl. 
I Salv. P.Z.S. 1870, p. 782, 1879, p. 528; Elliot, Sijn. Troch. 
p. 44; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 215; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, 
p. 543,1880, p. 204; id. Orn. PSr. i. p. 283 ; Tacz.fy Berl. P. Z. S. 
1884, p. 303. 
Lafresnaya 
saulae, Bp. Consp. i. p. 68; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; 
id. Troch. Enum. p. 8, pi. 786. ff. 4828-29; Gould, Intr. Troch. 

p. 70. 
Entima gayi, Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 51. 
Entima saulse, Heine, J. f Orn. 1863, p. 206. 
Euclosia gayi, Muls. Sf Verr. Class. Troch. p. 63; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 190, pi. 43; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 212. 
Calothorax gayi, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 136. 
Adult male. Precisely like that of L. flavicaudata^ but the lateral 

328 
TROCHILI. 

reetnces instead of being buff are pure white tipped with bronzy 
green. 

Adult female. Abdomen white; throat tinged with buff and 
spotted (as are also the flanks and under tail-coverts) with green ; 
the dark tips to the lateral rectrices are wider than in the male. 

Young males have the feathers of both the upper and under surfaces 
edged with buff; the feathers of the throat are subsequently 
white at the base with green spots at the tip: they afterwards 
become darker at the base and the green spots larger, so that in the 
adult the throat is unbroken glittering green. 

There is some variation in the colour and extent of the dark tips 
to the white lateral rectrices. In most specimens these tips are dark 
bronzy green and even blackish; in others they are of the same 
green as the extremities of the under tail-coverts. 

Birds with the latter character have been called Trochilus saulce 
by Bouroier and Delattre—a name adopted by several writers, including 
Gould, but rejected by Elliot. I have not been able to trace 
these birds to any special locality. 

Hah. Venezuela and Northern Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. 

a. <S ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. <$ ad. sk. San Jose, Sierra Nevada de Sta. Sal vin-Godman Coll. 
Marta, Colombia, Mar. (F. 
JSimons). 
c. cfjuv. sk. Sta. Elena, Cauca Valley, Co- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lombia (T.K. Salmon). 
d. S 
ad.; e. g Jima, Ecuador (Buckley). Sal vin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
f. $ 
ad.; g. $ Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
ad. sk. 
h. 
c? ad.; i. 2 Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Gcdinan CVU. 
ad. sk. 
j-l 
S ad.; 7n-o. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 

p. 
<3 ad. sk. Peru (Warszeuiez). Gould Coll. 
q. $ 
ad. sk. Cachupata, Pern, Nov. (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whtely). 
r. S 
ad.; s. $ Peru ? Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
89. FLOEISUGA. 
jhpe. 
Ilonsuga, Bp. Conep. Av i. p. 73 R nieiihoia. 
Melanotroehilus, Fudes-Desl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. p. '224 

a880) 
F.fusca. 

Range. Southern Mexico to the Amazons Valley and Eastern 
Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Head and neck blue; base of the hind neck and 
abdomen white mellivora, p. &>0. 
h. Head, neck, and abdomen black fitwa, p. 3;31. 
89 . PLORISUGA. 32 9 
1. Fiorisuga mellivora. 
White-bellied Humming Biv&, Ediv. i. pi. 15. f. 1; Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, 
p. 765. 
Mellivoms surinamensis torquata, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 713. 
Oiseaux Mouch.es a collier clit le Jacobine, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. 
p. 34. 
Oiseaux Mouches dit le Jacobine de Cayenne, Buff. Pi. Enl. 640. 
f. 3. 
Trochilus mellivoms, Linn. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 193; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 
p. 499; Vieill N. Diet, dHist. N. vii. p. 360; id. Enc. M&h. 
p. 562; Leas. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xx; Cab. in Schomb. Beise n. 
Guiana, iii. p. 706 ; Burm. Si/st. (Jeb. ii. p. 339. 
Trochilus finibriatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 193. 
Oiseaux Mouche a gorge tachetee, Aud. et Vieill. Ois. Lor. i. p. 61, 

pi. 22. 
Oiseaux Mouches a collier, Aud. et Vieill. Ois. Lor. i. p. 63, pis. 23, 

24. 
Le ColTbri a gorge bleu, Aud. et Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. p. 144, pi. 66. 
Mellisuga surinamensis, Steph. in Skald's Gen. Zool. xiv. p, 243. 
Ornismya mellivora, Less. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxiii, 90, 
pis. 21, 22. 
Trochilus flabelliferus, Gould, P Z. S. 1846, p. 45. 
Elorisuga flabellifera, Bp. Comp. i. p. 74; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 253; 

Gould,Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 114 (Nov. 1851); id. Intr. Troch. p. 81 ; 
Reich. Avfz. d. Col. p. 14; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 29 ; 
ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 295; Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47. 

Elorisuga mellivora, Bp. Consp. i. p. 73; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 253 ; 
Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14; Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 113 (Nov. 
1851); id. Intr. Troch. p. 80; Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 53; Scl. $ 
Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 128 ; iid. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 365, 1867, pp. 584, 
753, 979, 1868, p. 628, 1870, p. 837, 1873, p. 287, 1879, p. 529 ; 
Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 29; Scl P Z. S. I860, p. 95 ; id. 
Cat Am. B. p. 295; E. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1863, p. 91; Muls. $ 
Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 155; id. Ibis, 
1872, p. 319; id. Cat. Strichl. Coll. p. 363 ; Lawr.Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 
\ii. p. 292, ix. p. 122; id. Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. xiv. p. 284; id. 
Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 291; Pet. Orn. Bras. p. 30; Layard, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 388; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches^ ii. p. 178, iv. 

p. 204; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon} xxii. p. 212 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 4#; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 221;' Tacz. P. Z. S. 1880, 
p. 304; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 297; Tacz. § Berl P. Z. S. 1883, p. 566; 
Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 317; id. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xi. p. 561. 
Eloribuga ferrugineiceps, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14. 
Topaza mellivora, Leot. Ois. Trin. p. 141 (1866); Gray, Hand-l. B. 

i. p. 134. 
Topaza iiabellifera, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 134. 
3kteilisuga mellivora (lapsu), Salv. fy Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 172. 
V Elorisuga sullei, Boucard, The Humming Bird, i. p. 18 (1891). 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, base of the 
hind neck white, whole head and neck rich shining blue, back of 
the neck tinged with green; abdomen white; flanks shining green ; 
middle rectrices bluish green, laterals white, tipped and all but the 
outermost pair edged outwardly with purple-black; bill black. Total 
length about 4 iuches, wing 2-6, tail 1-4, bill 0-9. 

330 
TiiocaiLi. 

Adult female. Upper surface uniform golden green ; under surface 
green, the feathers of the throat, chest, and flanks edged with 
white ; middle of the abdomen nearly pure white ; under tail-coverts 
grey at the base, tipped with white, and with a wide subterminal 
blue-black bar; outermost lateral rectrices blue-black, tipped with 
white and with white on the outer web towards the base ; remainder 
shining green, with a narrow white tip and wide subterminal blue-
black bar. 

Young males have the throat nearly white or fulvous, the blue 
feathers of the throat begin to appear in the middle and spread to 
the sides; the head is green at first; the central rectrices and the 
next pair are white at the base, steel-blue at the tip, with a subterminal 
greenish bar; the outermost pair pure white, the nest with 
a steel-blue spot on the tip of the inner web and a narrow edge to 
the outer. 

Uab. Tropical America in low-lying lands, from Southern ITexico 
to the Amazons Valley. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Belize, Brit. Honduras (F. Blaa-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
caneanx). 
b. $ ad. sk. Western District, Brit. HonduSalvin-
Godman Coll. 

ras, Nov. (F. £.). 

c. c? ad.; d. <$ Honduras. E. Dyson [0.]. 
juv. sk. 
e,f. tf ad. ;</.$ Choctum, Guatemala, Feb. (0. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. S.SfRB.G.). 
h, I S ad. sk. Guatemala (Skinnei-). Gould Coll. 
j-m. $ ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua ( T. Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

n. 
S ad.; o. <? Costa Rica, May (Endres). Salvin-Godman & 
juv. ; p-r. ? Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. 
s. 5 ad. sk. Volcan de Chiriqui (Arce). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

t <$ ad. sk. Cordillera de Tole, Panama 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(ArcS). 
u, v, $ ad.; to. Santiago de Veraguas, Panama 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 

<$ juv. sk. (Arce). 
jc, y. c? ad. sk. Lion Hill, Panama (McLean-

Salvin-Godman & 

nan). 

Sclater Colis. 

z, a\ S ad.; b. Paraiso Station, Panama 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

$ ad. sk. (Hughes). 

c'. $ ad, sk. Minca, Sierra Nevada de Sta. 
Marta, Colombia, Feb. (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Simons).

«?-/'. d ad.; g\ Colombia (Bogota make). 
djuv.; h',i'. Gould CoU. 
S ad. sk. 

f, k\ d ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

/'. c? ad. sk. Ecuador. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

«i\ <$ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley), 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

n'} o\ S ad.; ;/. Trinidad. 

Gould Coll. 

S juv. sk 
/ . $ ad. sk. Tobago I. (F. A. Ober). H. K. Coale. 

r\ 3 ad. sk. 

Merume; Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

July (H. Whitefy). 

89 . PLOEISUGA. 
331 

s'. S ad. sk. R. Atapurow, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (H. W.). 
t'. cS ad.; u'. <$ (Cayenne make.) Salvin-Godrnan & 
juv. sk. Sclater Colls. 

v. cS ad. j to'. S Para, Oct. (R. L. Layard). Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. 
x'. <$ juv. sk. Para {A. R. Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
y'. d ad. sk. Rio Negro, July (A. R. W.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z\ S ad.; au,b". Cobati, R. Negro, Nov. (A. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

$ ad. sk. R. W.). 
c"-e". J ad.;/", Upper Amazons (R. Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
g". J ad. sk. 
h'1. $ ad. sk. Iquitos, Amazons, May (H. Gould Coll. 
Whitely). 
i",j". S ad.; h", Pebas, Amazons, April, May (/. Salvin-Godman, 
I". $ ad. sk. Rauxwell). Tweeddale, & 
Gould Colls. 
m"-6 juv. sk. Rio Javari, Amazons (H. W. Gould Coll. 
Bates), 
o". <$ ad. sk. Demerara. Purchased. 
p", q". (S&d.; r". Honduras. E. Dyson [C.]. 
Juv. st. 

2. Florisuga fusca. 
Trochilus fuscns, Vieill. N. Diet cPIIist. N. vii. p. 348; id. Rnc. 

Meth. p. 552 ; Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, SuppL p. 98. 
Mellisuga atra, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. ZooL xiv. p. 243. 
Colibri leucopygius, Spiv, Av. Bras. i. p. 81, pi. 81. f. 3. 
Trochilus atratus, Licht. Verz. JDoubl. p. 14. 
Trochilus ater, Wied, Reise, i. p. 366, ii. p. 136; id. Beitr. iv. p. 52. 
Trochilus niger, Siv. ZooL III. ii. pi. 82. 
Ornismya lugubris, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xvi, 132, pis. 

38, 39 j id. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. vii. 

Florisuga atra, Bp. Consp. i. p. 74; Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 338 ; 
Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 115 (Nov. 1851); id. Inir. Troch. p. 81; 
Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47. 

Ornismya nigra, Bp. Consp. i. p. 81. 
Florisuga fusca, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14 j Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, 

p. 253; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 29; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 295; 
JPelz. Orn. Bras. p; 30; Reinh. Vidensh. Medd. Nat. For. Rjob. 1870, 
p. 104 j Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 183, iv. p. 204; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212; Rlliot, Syn. Troch. p. 48; Salv. 
Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 363 ; Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. N. R. ii. p. 257. 
Topaza fusca, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 134. 
Melanotrochilus fuscus, Rudes-Resl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 225. 


Adult male. Upper and under surface black, with a purple gloss 
on the upper tail-coverts and middle rectrices ; wing-coverts shining 
olive-green ; flanks mixed with white; under tail-coverts very dark 
purple-black, lateral rectrices white tipped with purple-black; bill 
black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 3*2 ; tail, central feathers 
1-6, lateral 2; bill 1-05. 

Female, Similar to the male. 
Toting birds have the feathers of the upper surface and the upper 


332 
TR0 CHILI. 

tail-coverts edged with rufous, the sides of the throat rufous, and 

rufous edges to the feathers distributed over the under surface; the 

six central rectrices are purple-blaek, the outermost pair pure white, 

the next white on the outer web and shaft nearly to the tip. 

Hab. Southern and Eastern Brazil. 

a, b. (3*ad. sk. Pernambuco (W. A. Forbes). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. tf ad.; 
d, e. Bahia, Brazil (IFrucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
f, g. Ad. sk. Novo Fribourgo, Bio, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Youds). 
h, L Juv. sk. Brazil (Rio make). Gould Coll. 
j, k. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil {Rogers). Gould CoU. 
I £ ad. sk. Purchased. 

90. TOPAZA. 
_ 
Type. 
Poly tin us, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 545 (nee B?*iss.) T. pella. 
Topaza, G. R. Graij, List Gen. Birds, p. 13 (1840) T. pella. 

Range. Guiana and the Amazons Valley. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Lateral rectrices cinnamon 
pella, p. 332. 
b. Lateral rectrices purple-black , pyra, p. 233. 
1. Topaza pella. 
Long-tailed red Humming Bird, JSdw. Glean. X. H. i. pi. 32. 
Polytmus surinamensis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 690. 
Trochilus pella, Linn. Syst. Xat, i. p. 189; G?n. Syst. Xat. i. p. 485; 


Vieill. X. Diet, d'Hist. X. vii. p. 355 ; id. JEnc. Meth. p. 554; Less. 
Hist. Xat Col pp. 21, 27, 31, pis. 2, 3, 4, 5; id. Lnd. Gen. Truck. 

p. xvi; Cab. in Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 707 ; Burm. Syst. TJeb. Th. 
Bras. ii. p. 327; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 45; Mitts. Hist. Xat. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 123; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p, 210. 
Colibri de Cayenne, IfAub. PI Enl. 599. f. 1. 

Topaz Humming Bird, Lath. Syn. i. p. 746. 

Le Colibri Topaz, And. Ois. Dor. i. p. 18, pis. 2, 3. 

Topaza pella, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 13 (1840); id. Gen. J5. i. p. 109; 

id. Hand-1. B. i. p. 134; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 73; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 250; Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 66 (Nov. 1851); id. Intr. Troeh. 
p. 61; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. JEnum. p. 9, pi. 797. 
if. 4853-55; Cab. $r Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 16; Scl. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 290; Teh. Orn. Bras. p. 30; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 95; JSudes-
JDesl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 178 ; Sah. Cat. StrichL Coll. p. 361; 
id. Lbis, 1885; p. 432. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden red, becoming greenish 
orange on the rump and upper tail-coverts and more glittering; "head, 
including the lores, sides, and a narrow pectoral band, black ; throat 
glittering greenish gold, rather more golden in the middle; rest of 
the under surface rich shining crimson \ under tail-coverts shining 

90 . TOPAZi. 
333 
green; wings dark purple ; inner primaries, except the tips and the 
secondaries, cinnamon; central rectrices bronze -with black tips, nest 
pair long, curving outwards, purple-black, lateral rectrices cinnamon 
: bill black; feet hazel. Total length about 7 inches, 
wing 3*1; tail, pair next the central rectrices (chord) 3*3, central 
pair 1-9; bill 1 '25. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green ; beneath a little 
brighter and more golden, throat in the middle shining crimson; 
tail purple-black except the central pair of feathers, which are 
deep grass-green, and the two laterals on either side, which are 
chiefly cinnamon towards the distal end. 

Hah. Guiana. 

a. S 
ad.; b. $ Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. May & S*pt. (H. Whitely). 
c. 9. ad. sk. R.Atapurow, Brit. Guiana, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. W.). 
d-g. S ad.; h, i. Demerara. Salvin-Godman & 
2 ad. sk. Goidd Colls. 

j. 
(S ad.; k. $ N. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. 
l-q. $ 
ad.; r, s. (Cayenne make.) Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. " Gould Colls. 

t. $ juv. sk. (Cayenne make.) Purchased. 
u. J ad. sk. Demerara. Purchased. 
©. (S ad. sk. Purchased. 
2. Topaza pyra. 
Trochilus (Topaza) pyra, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 85. 

Topaza pyra, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 110; id. Hand-l. B. i. p. 134; Gould, 
Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 65 (Nov. 1851); id. Intr. Troch. p. 62; Bp. 
Consp. Av. i. p, 73; id. Mev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Reich. Aufz. d. 
Col. p. 11; id. Troch. JEnum. p. 9, pi. 798. ff. 4856-57; Cab. fy 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 16; Scl $ Salv. P. Z. & 1867, pp. 584,593 ; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 95; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 181. 

Trochilus pyra, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 45 ,* Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 127, pi. 38; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 210. 
Adult male. Similar to that of T. jpella, but redder on the upper 
surface, a more conspicuous golden spot on the throat, no cinnamon 
on the wings, and the lateral rectrices wholly purple-black instead 
of cinnamon. 


Adult female. Has the lateral rectrices purple-black, with the 
outer web of the outermost feather on either side dull cinnamon. 
Hah. Eio Negro Yalley and Eastern Ecuador. 


a-c. (5 ad.; d. J Eotuno, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
e~i. <$ ad.; j. <$ Rio Negro. Gould Coll. (Types 
juv.; k. J ad. sk. of th e species.) 

334 
TROCHILI. 

91. 
OREOTEOCHILUS. T 
Oreotrochilus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 10 0. estella. 
Orotrocliilus; Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 15 0. pichmeha. 

Range. Andes from Ecuador to Chili. 

Key to the Sjpecies. 

a. 
Whole head, including the crown and throat, 
deep shining violet-blue. 
a. Throat uniform violet-blue pichincha, p. 334. 
b'. Throat with a large central green patch chimhorazo, p. 335. 
b. Crown brown with a greenish tinge, the same 
colour as the back. 
c'. Middle of the abdomen chestnut estellm, p. 335. 
d'. Middle of the abdomen deep blue-black. 


a". Flanks white 
leucopleurus, p. 336. 

b". Flanks chestnut. 
a"'. Tail uniform greenish black melanogaster, p. 337. 
V". Lateral rectrices pale buff, edged with 

bluish black 
adela, p. 337. 

1. Oreotrochilus picMnclra. 
Trochilus pichincha, Bourc. <§* Muls. Mem. Acad. Sc. Lyon, ii. p. 427 
(1850). 
Oreotrochilus jamesoni, Jard. Contr. Orn. 1849, p. 42, 1850, p. 27, 
pi. 43 

Oreochilus pichincha, Bp. Consp. i. p. 71; id. Rev, ZooL 1854, p. 250; 
Gould, Mon. Trock. ii. pi. 68 (Nov. 1851); id. Mr. Troch. p. G3; 
Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; Jar dine, Ibis, 1859? p. 115 ; Scl. P. Z. S. 
1859, p. 79; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 290; Jameson $ Fraser, Ibis, 1^59, 

p. 399; Cab. § Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 15; Muls. <f* Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. 47 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 123; Muls. Jffisf. Kat. Ois.-
Mouches, ii. p. 161, iv. p. 202; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxiL 
p. 211; Elliot, Syn. Tj*och. p. 35; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, 
i. p. 170; Salo. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 361. 
Adult male. Upper surface dull shining olive-green, the whole 
head including the throat shining violet-blue, the latter bordered 
below with black; rest of the under surface white, the middle of 
the abdomen and the flanks blackish brown; under tail-coverts 
brown, narrowly edged with dull white; central tail-feathers very 
dark green, the nest pair nearly white, the rest becoming darker 
towards the outermost pair, which are steel-blue and white only on 
the inner web towards the base; bill black. Total length about 
5*2 inches, wing 2-95, tail 2, bill 1. 

Adult female. Upper surface dull shining olive-green; under 
surface ashy, each feather edged with dull white; throat white, 
spotted with ashy; central tail-feathers dark green, the rest white 
at the base and with white tips. 

In the young male the head is dull bluish green, and the blue 
feathers of the adult appear irregularly over the crown and throat; 

91 . 0RE0TR0CHILTF3. 
335. 
the white of the under surface becomes purer as maturity is 
acquired. 
Hab. Andes of Ecuador, on the volcanoes of Pichincha and 
Cotopaxi at high elevations. 

a. S 
ad.; b. 5 ad. Voloan de Pichinchay Ecuador Salvin-Godman ColL 
sk. (Fraser). 
c. $ ad.sk. RueoPichincha,May(2??Yzs<??'). Sclater Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Pichincha (Buckley)- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e-p. S ad. ; q-u. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
3 juv.; v-y.% 
ad. sk. 
z, a'. S ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

V. S 
ad. st. J. Bourcier [P.]. 
(Probably a typical specimen.) 
c 
$ ad.; d'. $ Purchased. 
ad. st. 

2. Oreotrochilus iMmbarazo. 
Trochilus chimborazo, Delattre 8? Bourc. Bev. Zoo>l, 1846, p. 305. 
Oreofrochilus chimborazo, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 10; id. Mon. 
Troch. ii. pi. 69 (Nov. 1851) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 62; Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 76; id. Ben. Zool 1854, p. 250; Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15 ; 
Fraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 208; Jamesonfy Fraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 399 j: 
Sel P. Z. S. 1860, p. 79; id. Cat Am. B. p. 290 ; Cab. $ Heiner 
Mus. Hein. iii. p. 15; Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47; Gray, 
Hand-l. B. i. p. 123; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 166, 
pi. 42, iv. p. 204; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 211; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 35 ; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 172; Tacz* 
$ Berl P. Z. S. 1885, p. 102. 
Adult male. Yery similar to that of O. pichincha, but with a> 
large patch of shining green on the throat, just above the black 
border which divides the blue throat from the white breast. 

Adult female. "[Indistinguishable from that of O. pichincha. 
Hab. Andes of Ecuador, on the volcano of Chimborazo at a high 
elevation. 

a. $ ad. ; b. § ad. Panza, Chimborazo, Ecua- Sclater Coll. 
sk, dor, Jan, [Fraser). 
c. $ ad.; d. $ ad. sk. Chimborazo (Fraser). Salvin-Godman ColL 
e,f. cS ad.sk. Chimborazo (Buckley). Salvin-Godman ColL 
g. $ ad.; h. J ad. sk. Chimborazo. Purchased. 
i-n. 
tfad.; o-r. $ Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 

3. Oreotrochilus estellse. 
Trochilus estellae, tfOrb. § Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 32r 
Orthorhynchus estellae, d'Orb. Voy. Am. MSr. iv, p. 376. 
Trochilus ceciliae, Less. Bev. Zool. 1839, p. 43. 
Oreotrochilus estellae, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 10; id. Mon. Troch. 


ii. pi. 70 (June 1849) ; id. Lntr. Troch. p. 63; Bp. Consp. i. p. 76; 
id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; Muls. fy 
Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47; Sel <§* Salv. P. Z, S. 1867, p. 987,1868, 

p. 569, 1879r p. 627; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, 
p. 142; id. Syn. Troch. 
33 6 
TR0CH1LI. 

p. 36; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 17o; Tacz. Orn. Per. 
i. 277.' 
Orotrochilus 
estellse, Cad. $ Heine, Mm. Rein. iii. p. 169; Gray, 
Rand-l. B. i. p. 123: Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 169; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 211. 

Adult male. Upper surface olive-brown, the crown a little darker ; 
throat glittering green, the feathers white at the base, lower margin 
of the throat black ; rest of the under surface -white, the middle of 
the abdomen chestnut, and the flanks and under tail-coverts dull 
brown ; central tail-feathers dark green, the next pair nearly white, 
the rest edged outwardly with brown, the outermost pair being also 
brown towards the tip ; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, 
wing 2-95, tail 2-1, biU 1-1. 

Adult female. Upper surface like that of the male ; under surface, 
including the under tail-coverts, brown, the throat paler, spotted 
with brown ; central rectrices dark green, the next pair tipped 
with white, the next white with a wide subterminal dark bar, the 
next with this bar narrower and interrupted, and the outermost 
pair white with the terminal half of the outer web dark. 


Rob. Andes of Southern Peru and Bolivia. 

a. <$ ad.sk. Peru (R. Bowhmds). Salvin-Oodman Coll. 
b. J ad. sk. Pitumarca, Peru, April (R. Gould Coll. 
Whitely). 
c. S 
ad.sk. Mines of S. Baldomero, X.E. Gould Coll. 
side of Sorato, Bolivia, alt. 
12,000 ft. (Inwards). 
d. c?ad.; e.§ ad. sk. Cachira, Bolivia {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. S ad. sk. Bolivia (JD. Forbes). Sclater Coll. 
\j-m. c?ad. ; n. $ Bolivia (Bridges). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
o, p. tf ad. sk. Bolivia. Bridges [0.]. 


4. Oreotrochilus leucopleurns. 
Oreotrochilus 
leucopleurus, Gotdd, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 10; id. Mon. 
Troch. ii. nl. 71 (June 1849); id. Intr. Troek. p. 63; Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 71; id. JRev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; JReich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; 
ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 290; id. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 328, 1886, p. 398; 
Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47; Gray, Rand-l B. i. p. 123; 
JElliot, Syn. Troch. p. 36; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 237; id Orn. 
PSr. i. p. 278; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 173; Salv. Cat. 
Strichl. Coll. p. 361; E. W. White, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 615; ScL 8f 
Ruds. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 1. 
Trochilus leucopleurns, Cassin, in Gillies's Expl. Exp. ii. p. 187. 

Orotrochilus leucopleurus, Cab. $* Reine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 16; Muls. 
Rist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 172, iv. p. 204; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 211. 

Adult male. Upper surface like that of O. estellm, the throat also 
similar, but the middle of the abdomen is blue-black instead of 
chestnut, and the central rectrices steel-blue instead of dark 
green; the outer feathers are more narrowly and definitely edged 
with steel-blue, and the outermost pair narrower. 

91 . OREOTROCHILUS. 
337 

The female resembles that sex of 0. esteller, but the outermost 
rectrices have a subterminal dark bar, and the rest are more definitely 
marked. 

Hah. Andes of Chili, at high elevations. 

a, b. $ ad.; c-e. $ Chilian Andes (Leybold). Salvin-Godman ColL 
ad. sk. 
/. $ ad. sk. Chilian Andes (Weisshaupt). Salvin-Godman ColL 

V. dad.; h. J ad. sk. Chilian Andes (Heed). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u 
(S juv. sk. Andes of Santiago, Chili Sclater ColL 
(Landbech). 

j. 
J ad.; Jc. S juv. Chili (Dalgleish). Sclater ColL 
sk. 
l-n. S 
ad.; o, p. § Aconcagua, Chili (Bridges). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 


q. S ad.; r. $ ad. sk. Chili. 
Bridges [C.]. 
5. Oreotrochilus melanogaster. 
Oreotrochilns 
melanogaster, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 10; id. Mori. 
Troch ii. pi. ,72 (Sept. 1859); id. Intr. Troch. p. 64; Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 76; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; 
Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47 ; Tacz. P. Z. 8 1874, p. 541; 
id. Orn. Per. i. p#. 279; Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. 36; Eudes-Desl. 
Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 177. 
Orotrochilus melanogaster, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 15; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, ii. p. 176; id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 211. 

Adult male. Upper surface olive-brown, the upper tail-coverts 
tinged with bronze ; tail uniform greenish black; throat glittering 
green, the rest of the under surface blue-black, the flanks dull 
chestnut, and the under tail-coverts greenish brown, with narrow 
rufous margin to each feather; bill black. Total length about 
5 inches, wing 2*85, tail 1-9, bill 0-95. 


Adult female. Upper parts light brown with a greenish lustre; 
upper tail-coverts shining green, throat unspotted; underparts 
brownish white, tinged with buff; under tail-coverts buffy brown ; 
tail shining green, all the lateral feathers tipped with white. {Elliot, 

1.5. c.) 
Hah. Andes of Peru. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Junin, Peru (Jelski). Sclater Coll. 
b. <$ ad. sk. Peru (ex Gould). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c-e. Ad. sk. Peru. Gould ColL 
(Types of the species.) 

6. Oreotrochilus adela. 
Trochilus adela, d)Orb. § Lafr. Syn. Av. p. 32. 
Orthorhynchus adela, d'Orb. Voy. Am. Mer. iv. p. 377, pi. 61. f. 2. * 
Oreotrochilus adela, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 10 ; id. Mon. Troch. ii. 


pi. 73 (June 1849) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 64; Bp. Consp. i. p. 76; 
id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 250; Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 15; Set. Cat. 
Am.B. p. 290; Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47; Elliot, Ibist 

VOL. XVI. 
Z 

338 TEO CHILI. 

1877, p. 142; id. Syn. Trocli. p. 37 ; Scl. $ Sal v. P. Z. S. 187% 

p. 627; Budes-Besl. Ann. Mm. Caen, i. n.176. 
Orotrochilus adela, Cab.fy Seine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 15 ; Mais. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 174; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 211. 
Adult male. Like that of 0. melanog aster, but with the abdomen 
more narrowly blue-black, and the flanks broadly and conspicuously 
deep chestnut; the lateral rectrices are pale buff edged with bluish 
black, instead of being uniform greenish black : bill black. Total 
length about 5 inches, wing 2-65, tail 2, bill 1-3. 

Adult female. Under surface chestnut; throat whitish, thickly 
spotted with brown; lateral rectrices dull white, with a wide subterminal 
dark bar. 

Hal. Andes of Bolivia. 

a. d ad. sk. Cachira, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
1. § ad. sk. Misqui, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c, d. tfad. 5 e,f. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
$ad. sk. 
g-i. S ad,; /. J [Bolivia.^ Gould & Sclater 

Golls

juv.; k, I 2 "


ad. sk. 

92. OREONYMPHA. „, 
Type. 
Oreonympha, Gould, P. Z. S. 1869, p. 295 0. nobilis. 
Range. Highlands of Southern Peru. 

1. Oreonympha nohilis. 
Oreonympha nobilis, Govld, P. Z. S.1869, p. 295; id. Man. Trock.7 
Suppl. pi. 42 (Aug. 1880); Scl. $ Sah. P. Z. S. 1800, p. 600 ; 
Whitely, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 675; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mmwhes, iii. 

p. 175, pi. 86; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 222 • Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 157 ; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 344. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy brown, a broad band 
from the forehead over the middle of the crown very dark brown, 
on either side of which is a wide band of glittering blue; sides of 
the head and throat nearly black; chin and middle of the throat 
glittering green, terminating in a few long glittering reddish 
amethyst feathers; sides of the neck and under surface whitish, 
rather more dusky on the flanks and abdomen ; under tail-coverts 
bronzy brown edged with whitish : central rectrices bronzy brown, 
outermost pair pure white, with the distal third of the outer part 
of the inner web bronzy brown, remaining rectrices white at the 
base, bronzy brown towards the distal end; hill black. Total length 
about 6-5 inches, wing 3*3 • tail, eentral rectrices 1*75, lateral 2*85 ; 
bill 1-2. 

Female. Upper surface like that of* the male, the crown greenish 
blue, the feathers of the middle broadly edged with dark brown; 
throat black, a few glittering green feathers on the chin. 

Hal. Highlands of Southern Peru. 

93 . OXYPOGON. 339 
a, b. (S ad.; c.
2 ad.; d. ? 
Tinta, Peru, Jan., May, June, 
Dec. (JET. WJiiiely). 
Gould Coll 
Juv-f^\
<?. tf ad. sk/ . ? ad. sk.
g. 6 ad. sk 
m , 
Tmta, Mar (-HI W.). 
Huatado, Peru, July (IT. W.). 
Huatado, Dec. 
(Types of the species.). 
Salvin-Godman Coil. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
H. Whitely [C.J. 

93. 
0XYP0G01T*. 
Type. 

Oxypogon, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 14 
0. guermi, 

Banye. Andes of Venezuela and Colombia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Lateral rectrices purple-bronze, with the shafts 
only white; elongated gular feathers white .. Undent, p. 339. 
b. Lateral rectrices white, with bronzy-brown tips 
and edges. 
a'. Central elongated gular feathers glittering 
g*eea guerini, p. 340. 
bf. Central elongated gular feathers glittering 
blue . cyanohzmus, p. 341. 

1. Oxypogon linden! 
Ornismya lindeni, Boiss. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 253. 
Trochilus lindeni, Gould, P. Z. & 1848, p. 14; Gray, BandA. B. i. 


p. 141. 
Oxypogon lindeni, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 183 (June 1849); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 108; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79,- id. Bev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 253 j Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12 ; id. Troch. Emm. p. 10, pi. 825. 
ff. 4936-8; Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 67; Scl. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 302; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 78 • Sol. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 782; Muls. Hist. Wat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 182, iv. p. 219; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 222; Elliot, Syn. jTroch. p. 156. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining olive-green ; crown and 
sides of the bead black; a median stripe of white over the middle of 
the crown, branching towards each nostril, and produced backwards 
forming a portion of a white crest, rest of the crest-feathers black; 
chin white, with a median row of small glittering green discal 
spots, and surrounded by a black border continuous with the black 
of the sides of the head, this black region is again bordered by a 
whitish margin; the lower throat-feathers are prolonged into a 
beard of white plumes extending as far as the breast; rest of the 
under surface dark olive-green like the back, middle of the abdomen 

* I do not know the bird described as:— 
OXYPOGON STUBBELI, Meyer, Zeitschr. yes. Orn. i. p. 204 (1884); Sharpe, 
in G-oulxVs Suppl. Mon. Troch. 

"From a female specimen in bad condition obtained on the Volcan de Tolima, 
Colombia. 

z2 

340 
TROCHILI. 

greyish ; under tail-coverts olive-green ; central rectrices olive-green, 
remainder purplish bronze, with the shafts for three parts of their 
length white; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 2-9 : 
tail, central rectrices 1*8, lateral 2-25 ; bill 0*5. 

Female, Without the elongated feathers of the crest and throat; 
crown dull greenish brown; throat and breast white, each feather 
with a dusky discal spot. 

Bab. Highlands of Venezuela. 

& $ ad. sk. Paramo of Merida, Venezuela Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(A. Goering). 
b. $ ad. sk. Sierra Nevada, Merida (A. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Goering). 
c. 2 ad- sk. Merida (Goering). Gould Coll, 
d-i. <$ ad. sk.; j, Merida. Gould Coll. 
h. Juv. sk. 
1. $ ad. sk. (l New Granada." Sclater Coll. 
m. (S ad. sk. Venezuela. 
Purchased. 
2. Oxypogon guerini. 
Ornismya guerini, Boiss. Rev. Zool 1840, p. 7; Zodd. P. Z. S. 1843, 
p. 122. 
Trochilus parvirostris, Fraser, P. Z. S.1840, p. 18. 
Trochilus guerini, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 14; Gray, Hand4. B. L 
p. 141. 
Oxypogon 
guerini, Gould, Mon. Track ill. p]. 182 (June 1849); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 108; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 

p. 253; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12 ; id. Troch. Bnunx. p. 10, pi. 624. 
if. 4932-5; Cab. $• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 67: Scl. Cat. Am. B. 
p. 302; Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. p. 73; Wyait, Ibis, 1871, 
p. 377; Muls. JSibt. Nat. Ois.-Mouche$K iii. p. 178, pi. 87, iv. 
p. 219; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xsii. p. 222; BUiot, Sun. 
Troch. p. 156. 
Adult male. Similar to that of 0. Undent, but with the crown 
and sides of the head and throat smoky black, the former tinged 
with very dark bronze ; all the white portions of the crest and sides 
of the neck less pure and slightly tinged with very pale buff; the 
green spots of the feathers of the centre of the throat are much 
elongated, and form a long glittering green gular patch; the lateral 
rectrices have a large elongated central white patch involving the 
shaft and the adjoining portions of the web on either side, and in 
the outermost pair reaching on the outer web to the margin. Total 
length about 4-5 inches, wing 2*8 ; tail, central rectrices 1*6, lateral 
2«1; bill 0-5. 

Female. Differs from that of 0. lindeni in the markings of the 
lateral rectrices, in which it resembles its male. 
Hob. Highlands of Colombia, vicinity of Bogota, &c. 

a. £ ad. sk. Paramo of Pamplona, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll 
(C. W. Wyatt). 
b-g. <$ ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make), Salvin - Godman, 
Gould, & Sclater 
Colls, 

94 . EHAMPHOMICKOIsr. 
h, i. <$ juv. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 

j. 
2 ad. sk. 
k. $ ad.; I. J ad.st. Bogota. 
Purchased. 
m. 
J ad. ; n. 2 Purchased, 
ad. st. 
3. Oxypogon cyanolsemus. 
Oxypogon cyanolsemus, Said,fy Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 172, pL 4. f. 2; 
Sharpe in Goulds Mon. Troch., Suppl. pi. 41 (Jan. 1883); 
cFHamonv. Mull. Soc. Zool. Fr. viii. p. 79. 

Adult male. Resembles that of O.guerini, but has the sides of the 
crown greener, and the elongated feathers of the middle of the 
throat glittering violet-blue instead of green; the lateral reetrices 
also are more extensively white. Total length about 4*5 inches, 
wing 2*9; tail, central reetrices 1*7, lateral 2-2; bill 0*55. 

Female. May be distinguished by the greater amount of white on 
the lateral reetrices, which extends across those feathers, leaving 
the tip alone bronzy brown. 

Hah. Highlands of Northern Colombia. 

a-c. Jad.; d. Sierra Nevada, Santa Marta, Co- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. lombia, alt. 11,000 ft., July (F. 
Simons). (Types of the species.) 

e. tfad. ,*/. J Sierra Nevada, Santa Marta,, alt. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 11,000 ft., July (F. Simons). 
94. EHAMPH0MICE0N. 
Type. 
Rhamphoraicron, Bp. Consjp. Ac. i. p. 79 R. microrhynehuru. 
Rhamphomicron y. Chalcostigma, Iteich. Aufz. 

d. Col. p. 12 R. heteropogon. 
Chalcostigma, Cab.fySeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 67. R* heteropogon.' 
Lampropogon, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 2o2 ... . R. heteropogon. 
Ramphomicron (Etrpogonus), Muls. <$r Verr. 
Classif. Troch. p. 73 (I860) v R. herrani. 
Eupogonus, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 


p. ^22. 
Range. Andes from Northern Colombia to Bolivia. 
This genus is a somewhat composite one, and might be separated 
into three or perhaps four, for which the following names are 
available:—Ehamjyhomicron for section a' of the subjoined key, 
Chalcostigma or Lamproj>ogon for I', and Eupogonus for b. This last 
section might be again separated, and in this case B. ruficeps. would 
require a new generic name. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tail deeply forked, the outermost pair of 
reetrices longest, the rest graduating to the 
central pair. 
a'. Bill shorter, slightly decurved; glittering 

gular feathers uniform. (Bhamphomicron*) 
a". Upper surface rich purple microrhynchum, p. 342. 
b". Upper surface black dorsale, p. 343. 

342 TBOCHILI. 

b\ Bill longer, nearly straight; glittering 
gular feathers dicolorous, ending in elongated 
plumes. (Lampropogon.) 


c". Upper surface greenish bronze; tail 

bronzy brown keteropogon, p. 343. 
d". Upper surface and tail greenish olive.. olivaceum, p. 344. 
e". Upper surface dark violet-blue ; tail 

rather greener. 
a'". Elongated gular feathers glittering 
amethyst stanleyi, p. 344. 
b'". Elongated gular feathers glittering 
plumbeous mlcani, p. 345. 

b. Tail less deeply forked; all the rectrices except 
the shorter central pair subequal. 
(Fupogonus.) 
c\ Larger lateral rectrices tipped with white, kerrani, p. 345. 
d'. Smaller rectrices without white tips ... . nificeps, p. 346. 


1. Rhamphomicron microrhynclmm. 
Ornismya microrhyncha, Boiss. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 354; id. Mag. 

Zooi:i84Q, Cfe.pl. 16. 
Trochilus braclryrhynehus, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 1G. 
Rhamphomicron microrhyncha, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79. 
Hhamphomicron microrhynchum, Reich Aufz. a. Col. p. 12; id. 

Trock. Rnum. p. 10, pi. 818. ff. 4915-8; Sel Cat. Am. B. p. 303; 
Wkitely, R. Z. 8.1873, p. 190; Tacz. R. Z. 8. 1874, p. 544, 1880, 

p. 207; id. Orn. Rer. I p. 349; Elliot, 8yn. Track, p. 100; Bed. 
Sr Tacz. R. Z. 8. 1884, p. 305. 
Trochilus microryhnchus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 141. 
Kbamphomicron microrhynchus, Gould, Mon. Trock. iii. pi. 189 

(Oct. 1852); id. Intr. Trock. p. 109; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Track. 

p. 73 ; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 153 ; Cab. § Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. 
p. 70; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, iii. p. 1&2, pi. 84? iv. p. 219; 
id. Ann. 8oc. Linn. Lyon, xxiL p. 221. 
Adult male. Upper surface rich shining purple, upper tail-coverts 
slightly bronzed; under surface shining grass-green, throat glittering 
green, lower abdomen tinged with burl; under tail-coverts greenish 
edged with buff; tail purple-black ; bill black. Total length about 
4 inches, wing 2*05; tail, central rectrices 1*1, lateral 2*05; bill 0*4. 

Female. Upper surface shining grass-green; upper tail-coverts 
bronze; under surface buffy white, each feather with a shining 
green discal spot; under tail-coverts chestnut, central rectrices 
bronzy black, lateral purple-black tipped with white; bill black. 
Total length about 3 inches, wing 1*8; tail, central rectrices 1*1, 
lateral 1*25 ; bill 0*4. 

Eab. Highlands of Colombia and Ecuador. 

a-d. $ ad.; e-m. $ Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman,Gould, 

juv.; n, o. $ ad. sk. & Sclater Colls. 
p-r. (S ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
s-u. <S ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
v, w. <$ ad.; x, y. <$ Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 

juv. sk. Gould Collfe. 
«• ? acl. st. Bogota. Purchased. 
d-? ad. sk. Purchased. 

94 . RHAMPHOMICRON. 
2. Rhamphornicroii dorsale. 
Khamphomicron 
dorsale, Salv. fy Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 172, pL 5 ; 
Sharpe in Gould's Mon. Troch., Sujppl, pi. 43 (Jan. 1883). 

Adult male. Upper surface black; upper tail-coverts tinged with 
purple-bronze; sides of the throat black, middle of the throat 
glittering greenish-gold; rest of the under surface dusky, washed 
with bronzy green; under tail-coverts dusky green, edged with 
pale grey ; tail purplish black; bill black. Total length about 4*2 
inches, wing 2*3; tail, central rectrices 1*15, lateral 2 ; bill 0*5. 


Female. Upper surface shining grass-green; upper tail-coverts 
purple-bronze; under surface buffy white; throat and flank-feathers 
with shining green discal spots; lateral rectrices tipped with white. 
Length of the central rectrices 1*1, lateral 1*5. 


Bah. Highlands of Northern Colombia. 

a. <$ ad.; b. J Sierra Xevada de Santa Marta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Colombia, July (F. Simons). (Types of the species.) 
3. Ehamphomicron heteropogon. 
Ornismya heteropogon, JBoiss. Rev. Zool. 1889, p. 355 • id. Mag. ZooL 

1840, Ois. pi. 12; Lodd. P. Z. S. 1843, p. 122. 
Trochilus coruscus, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 15. 
lihaniphomicron heteropogon, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79; Gould, Mon. 

Troch. iii. pi. 184 (Oct. 1854;; id. Intr. Troch. p. 109; Scl. Cat 
Am. B. p. 302; Muls. <$• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 73; Wyatt, Ibis, 
1871, p. 377 ; Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 167; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxh. p. 221; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 158. 

Rhamphomicron y. Chalcostigma heteropogon, Reich. Aitfz. d. Col. 

p. 12; id. Troch. Fnum. p. 10, pi. 820. ff. 4922-3. 
Lanipropogon heteropogon, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 67. 
Trochilus heteropogon, Gray, TIand-l, B. i. p. 141. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining greenish bronze, becoming 
deeper redder bronze on the back of the neck, rump, and upper 
tail-coverts; under surface bronzy green; chin and throat glittering 
green, followed by a tuft of elongated amethyst feathers surrounded 
by a bronzy-black border; middle of the abdomen and 
under tail-coverts buff, the latter with paler edges; tail shining-
bronzy brown; bill black. Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 2-7; 
tail, central rectrices 1*5, lateral 2*4; bill 0*65. 

Female. Upper surface like that of the male ; throat nearly like 
the rest of the under surface, the feathers with greenish discs, but 
without glittering or elongated plumes. 

Hah. Colombia. 

a. S ad. sk. Paramo of Pamplona, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(C. W. Wyatt). 
h-i <$ ad.; /, k. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
«5 juv.; 7-w. Gould Colls. 
$ ad. sk, 

o, p. tf ad. sk. 
Purchased. 

344 
TKOCHILJ. 

4. Bhamphomicron olivaceum. 
Rkanipkomicron olivaceus, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 44 (1867) 
Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 544; id. Orn. Pir. i. p. 347; Mute. Hist 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 169, pi. 8-5 j Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 158 
Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 628; Scl. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 488 

Sharpe in Gould's Mon. Troch., Svjppl. pi. 44 (1883). 

Adult male. Upper surface olive, tinged with green; under surface 
dusky brown, blacker on the throat, on the middle of which is 
an elongated glittering stripe, green on the chin, and passing through 
fiery orange into glittering purple on the longest feathers : tail like 
the back greenish olive; bill black. Total length about 4-6 inches, 
wing 3*2 ; tail, central rectrices 1-8, lateral 2-15; bill 0*65. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but the throat unadorned, 
each feather dusky brown with a paler margin. 
Hah. Andes of Peru. 

a. <J ad. sk. Junin, Peru (Jelshi). Sclater Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk. Andes of Lima; Peru {Nation). Sclater Coll. 
5. Ehamphomicron stanleyi. 

Troehilus stanleyi, Bourc, 8f Muh. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon 

(2) ii. p. 199 (1850); Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 141. 
Rkamphoniicron stanleyi, Gould, Man. Troch. iii. pi. 185 (Oct. 1852); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 109; ticl. P. Z. S. 1860, p. 81; id. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 302; Mids. 8? Verr. Class. Troch. p. 73; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, 
p. 504; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 345; 3/uls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. 
p. 164; id. Ann. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 221; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 159. 
Bhamphomicron y. Chalcostigma stanleyi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; 
id. Troch. Emm. p. 10, pi. 819. ff. 4919-21. 
Lampropogon stanleyi, Bp. Bei\ Zool, 1854, p. 25%. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining dark violet-blue; crown, 
wing- and upper tail-coverts shining dark bronzy green with a 
bluish shade; under surface dusky black with a tinge of green ; 
sides of the bead and throat black ; middle of the throat glittering 
green, followed by elongated amethyst plumes; under tail-coverts 
purplish with pale dusky edges; tail dark greenish blue; bill black. 
Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2'8; tail, central rectrices 
1-45, lateral 2-35; biU 0-65. 

Female. Similar to the male, but the throat like the rest of the 
under surface 
Hah. Ecuador. 

a, h. S ad. sk. Pichincha, Ecuador (Eraser). Sclater Coll 

c. Juv. sk. Pichincha. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. e. d juv. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
f-h. 
£ ad.; /. $ Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

m. 
(S juv.; w.$ [Ecuador.] Purchased, 
ad. sk. 
o, p. 6 ? ad. sk. j . Bourcier [P.]. 
(Probably typical specimens.) 

94 . RFAMPH0M1CR0N. 
345 

6. Bhamphomicron vulcani. 
Bhamphomicron vulcani, Gould, Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 135 ; id. Mon. 
Troch. iii. pi. 186 (Sept. 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 109; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 164; id. Ann. Boc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 221. 
Rkaniplioiiiicrort y. Chaicostigma vulcani, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12. 
Lampropogon "vulcani, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 253. 
Bhamphomicron stanleyi, var. vulcani, Muls. 8f Verr. Class. Troch. 
p. 73. 
Trochilus vulcani, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 141. 
Adult male. Similar to that of JR. Stanley^ but the sides of the 

head and throat more sooty, not so densely black, and the elongated 

throat-plumes glittering plumbeous rather than amethyst. 

This Bolivian bird, though separated from 72. stanleyi by-

Gould and figured in his monograph, was united to R. stanleyi by 

Mr. Elliot, who could see no difference between them. The 

specimens before me appear to justify Gould's judgment on this 

point. 

Bab. Bolivia. 

a. c? ad. sk. Bolivia (Warszewiez), Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. $ 
ad. sk. Western side of Sorata, Bolivia, Gould Coll. 
May (D. Forbes). 
c. (S ad. sk. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
d. e. «jT ad.; /, y. [Bolivia.] Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colts. 
7. Ehamphomicron herrani. 
Trochilus herrani, Delattre # Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 309; Gray, 

Hand~l. B. i. p. 141, 

Calothorax herrani, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 85. 

Bhamphomicron herrani, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 187 (Oct. 1852); 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 109 ; Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 73 j Muls. 

Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 172, iv. p. 219; Mliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 159. 
Bhamphomicron y. Chaicostigma herrani, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; 
id. Troch. Enum. p. 10, pi. 822. if. 4926-8. 
Lampropogon herrani, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 253. 
Eupogonus herrani, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 222. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green, becoming bronze on 
the rump and upper tail-coverts; crown black, with a narrow 
median occipital fulvous stripe, widening and becoming rufous on 
the forehead ; under surface dusky tinged with green; throat black, 
with the chin glittering green, changing into an elongated glittering 
iiery-red median gular tuft; under tail-covcrts buff with darker 
discs; tail steel-blue, the central rectrices tinged with purple, the 
lateral tipped with white; bill black. Total length about 4*75 
inches, wing 2-85; tail, central rectrices 1*75, lateral 2*1; bill 0*65 

346 
TROCHILI. 

Female. Similar to the male, but the throat like the rest of the 
under surface, unadorned. 
Ilab. Ecuador and Colombia. 

a. Juv. sk. Quindiu Mts., Colombia ( Wars-Gould CoH. 
zewiez). 
b. J ad. sk. Pasto, Ecuador (Lehnann). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. <$ ad. sk. Bordonillo, near Pasto {LehSalviu-
Godrnan Coll. 
mann). 
d. rf ad.; e. $ Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
/. Juv. sk. Quito, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 


g. $ ad. sk. Pichincha, Ecuador ( Whymper). Sclater Coll. 
h-q. $ ad.; r-u. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
6* juv.; V-y Gould Colls. 
$ ad. sk. 


8. Rhamphomicron rufieeps. 
Trochilus ( ?) ruficeps, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 89. 

Rhampkomicron rufieeps, Bp. Consp. Av. i, p. 79 ; Gould, Mon, 

Troch. iii. pi. 188 (Oct. 1852) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 109 ; Muls. % 

Verr. Class. Troch. p. 73; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. 

p. 171; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 160; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, 
p. 628; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 207,18b2, p. 36; id. Orn. Per. i. 
p. 348. 
Rhamphomicron y. Chalcostigma ruficeps, Reich. Aitfz. d. Col. p. 12; 
id. Troch. JEJnum. p. 10, pi. 821. £ 4924-5. 
Lampropogon ruflceps, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 253. 
Trochilus ruflceps, Gray, JSandrl. i?. i. p. 141. 
Eupogonus ruflceps, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 222. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green; crown dull 
rufous; under surface buff, whiter on the middle of the abdomen ; 
chin and middle of the throat glittering green, each feather of the 
sides of the neck, breast, and Hanks with a glittering disc; tail 
bronzy green like the back; bill black. Total length about 3*5 
inches, wing 2*3 ; tail, central rectrices 1*3, lateral 1*6; bill 0*6. 

Female. Similar to the male, but the crown shining bronzy green 
like the back, and the chin and throat buff, each feather "with a 
green disc. 

Hab. Bolivia. 

a. 
c£ ad.; b. $ Bolivia (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
c. $ 
ad.; d. $ Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (Buckley). 
e-y. 
<5 ad.; k Bolivia (Ifuekley). Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 

i. <$ ad. fek. [Bolivia.] Gould Coll 
(Probably the type of the tpecies.) 
95 . OPISTHOPKOKA. 
347 

95. OPISTHOPROKA. 
Type. 
Avocettinus, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 256 (nee 1849) . 0. euryptera. 
Qpisthoprora, Cab. <§* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 76 ... 0. euryptera. 

Range. Colombia. 

This genus has usually been assigned a position next to Avocettula, 
the members of both having the bill distinctly upturned towards 
the end. When, however, other characters are considered, it is 
obvious that there is no near relationship between them. 

Begarding the name the genus should bear, I think there can be 
no doubt that Avocettinus having been employed in two senses by 
Bonaparte, first in 1849 for A. reeurvirostris, and then in 1854 for 

A. eurypierus, it is not available for the latter bird. To avoid the 
confusion such a change would involve, I prefer to use Opisthoprora, 
Cab. & Heine, for this genus. 
1. Opisthoprora euryptera*. 
Trocliilus eurypterus, Lodd. B. Z. S. 1832, p. 7. 
Trochilus georginae, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847; p. 48. 
Avocettula georginae, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 6. 
Avocettinus eurypterus, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 256 ; Gould, Mon. 


Troch. iii. pi. 200 (May 1850J j id. Intr. p. 114; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 264, pi. 56; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 215; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 101. 
Deiattria georginae, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 253. 
Opibthoprora eurvptera, Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 76; Berl. 
J.f.O.i. 1887,p. 325. 
Avocettinus georginse, Mids. §* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 53. 
Polytmus eurypterus, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 133. 
Adult. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming bronze-
green on the crown; under surface shining green, the feathers of 
the middle of the throat and breast edged with white, those of the 
sides of the throat, Hanks, and under tail-coverts with pale rufous; 
the middle of the abdomen pale rufous• tail steel-blue, the central 
rectrices above bronze-green like the crown, the lateral narrowly 
tipped with white; bill black. Total length about 4*3 inches, 
wing 2-5; tail, central rectrices 1*6, lateral 1*85 *. bill (slightly 
upturned at the end) 0*7. 

Hah. Colombia. 

a-h. ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

* Reiehenbacli's Avocettula euryptera (Aufz. d. Col. p. 6; Troch. Enum. p. 3, 
pi. 679. if. 4485-6, ex Cayenne) ib usually considered to belong here, but, 
judging from the figures, this can hardly be correct. 
348 TRO CHILI. 

96. PATAGONA. Tj^ 
Patagona, Gray, List Gen. B. (1840); p. 18 P. gigas, 
Hypermetra, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 80 (1860) .. P. gigas. 


Range. Andes from Ecuador to Chili and the Argentine Bepublic. 

1. Patago&a gigas. 
Trochilus gigas, Vieill. Gal. Ois. i. p. 296, pi. 180; Gould, Voy. 

Beagle, iii. p. Ill; Fraser, P. Z. S. 1843, p. 114; Cassin in 

Gilhss's Expl. Exp. ii. p. 186; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 150. 

Ornismya tristis, Less. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, pp. xii, 43, pi. 3. 
Trochilus tristis, Less. Ind. GSn. Troch. p. iv. 
Oynanthus tristis, Less. TraiU d'Orn. p. 272. 
Ornismya gigantea, d)Orb.fy Lafr. Syn. Av. p. 26. 
Patagona gigas, Bp. Consp. i. p. 75; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 251; 


Reich. Aiifz. d. Col. p. 17; Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 232 (May 
1855); id. Intr. Troch. p. 127; Des Murs in Casteln. Voy. I 

p. 38 ; Jameson 8? Fraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 399: Scl. P. Z. S. I860, 
p. 81, 1867, p. 328; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 307; 'Muls. fy Terr. Class. 
Troch. p. 56; Scl. $ Sab. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 988,1868, p. 5<59, 1S69, 
p. 154, 1879, p. 629; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 545, 1879, p. 238; 
id. Orn. PSr. i. p. 373 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 194, 
pi. 44, iv. p. 204; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 212; Elliot, 
Ibis, 1877, p. 134; id. Syn. Troch. p. 67; E. TV White, P. Z. S. 
1882, p. 615; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 366; Scl. 8f Huds. Arg. 
Orn. ii. p. 4. 
Hypermetra gigas, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 81; Heine, J. f< 
Orn. 1863, p. 216. 

Adult male. Upper surface brown faintly washed with green, 
each feather with a pale dusky edge; a patch of white on the rump; 
under surface dark rufous, especially on the throat and abdomen; 
breast-feathers brown at the base, with rufous margins ; chin dusky 
white, each feather with a brown centre; under tail-coverts white, 
the longest feathers with a dusky disc; tail greenish brown, the 
outermost pair of rectrices pa]e dusky with dark tip, the next pair 
paler at the base ; bill black. Total length 8-5 inches, wing 5*2 ; 
tail, central rectrices 2-8, lateral 3*4; bill 1*8. 

Female like the male. 

Young birds have whitish tips to the feathers of the upper 
surface, including the wing-primaries and the rectrices. They also 
appear to be more uniformly rnfescent on the under surface. 

Some specimens, especially from Ecuador and Peru, are of a 
uniform deep rufous colour beneath. These may be in normal 
female plumage, but I am uncertain on this point. A female shot 
at Arequipa on June 10 (i. e. in mid-winter) is in abraded plumage ; 
the under surface is wholly rufous, but on the throat a few new 
deep rufous feathers are shown. The upper surface of this specimen 

97 . 
AGLiEACTlS. 
349 

shows signs of immaturity. Birds from Peru northwards are larger 
than those from Chili. 
Hdb. Andes of South America from Ecuador to Chili. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. Kiobamba, Ecuador (Frasei; Salvin-Godman & 
Buckley). Sclater Colls. 
c. tf ad. sk. Ecuador (Eraser). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. J ad. sk. Arequipa, Peru,
Whitely). 
June (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f. <$ ad. sk.
ff-t. ad. sk.
j . $ ad.; k. $ 
Tinta, Peru, Jan. (H 
Bolivia (JD. Forbes, 
Chilian Andes, Jan.
. W.) 
Buckley). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

ad. sk. 

Z. <$ ad.; m. § Coquimbo, Chili, Aug. (Dr. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Coppinger). 
n, o. Sk. Chili (E. C. Meed, Dillwyn). Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 

p. Sk. Pampas Argentinas {Leybold). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q. $ ad. sk. Fuerte de Andalgada, Catamarca, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Argent. 
Kep., Sept. (E. W. 
White). 

r. Ad. sk. Chili. Lord Byron [P.]. 
*. Ad. sk. Chili. Bridges [C.]. 
t. Ad.; u. Juv. st. 
Purchased. 
97. 
AGLJEACTIS. 
Type. 
Aglaeactis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 11 A. cupreipennis. 
Aglaiactis, Cab. §* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 69. 

Range. Andes from Colombia to Bolivia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tail longer, slightly forked; general plumage 
more or less rufous-brown or dark buff; 
central rectrices chiefly bronze, rufous only 
at the base. 
of. Pectoral tuft buff. 

a". 
Lower back glittering amethyst, passing 
through glittering golden to grass-
green on the upper tail-coverts cupreipennis, p. 350. 

btf 

. Lower back darker glittering amethyst, 
more golden green on the rump and 
violet on the upper tail-coverts ... . caumatonota, p. 351, 

b'. Pectoral tuft white 
castelnaudi, p. 351. 

L Tail shorter, more rounded; general plumage 
black; central rectrices chestnut, tipped 
and edged with blackish brown pamela, p. 352. 

350 TEOCHILT. 

1. Aglseactis cupreipennis. 
Troeliilus cupreipennis, Bourc. § Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. ei Nat. Lyon, 
vi. p. 40 (1843); iid. Rev. Zool. 1843, p. 71; Gray, Eand-l B. i. 
p. 140. 
Aglseactis cupreipennis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 73 ; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 
p. 253; Gould, Mon. Troeh. iii. pi. 179 (Sept. 1856) : id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 106; Jameson <$• Fraser, Ibis, 1859, p. 400; Scl. P. Z. S. 
1800, pp. 60,81; id. Cat. Am.B.y. 302; Muls. # Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. m ; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 377 ; Muls. Hist. Xat Ois.-
Mouches, iii. p. 24, iv. p. 215; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 218 ; Elliot, Sun. Troch. p. 186 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 36 ; id. 
Orn.Per.lV.3i0; Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 304; Berl. 
J.f Orn. 1887, p. 324. 
Aglaiactis cupreipennis, Cab.fy Heine, Mus."Hein. iii. p. 69. 
Helianthea 8. Agkeactis cupreipennis, Reich. Aitfz. d. Col. p. 9 ; id. 
Troch. JEnum. p. 6, pi. 737. ft'. 4689-90. 
Aglaiactis sequatorialis, Cab. § Heine. Mus. Hein. iii. p. 70; Heine, 

J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 211. 
Aglaeactis sequatorialis, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 106; Scl. Cat. Am. 
i?. p. 302. 
Aglasactis cupreipennis, var. sequatorialis, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. 

i. p. 66; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218. 
Aglasactis parvula, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 106. 
Aglaiactis parvula, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 211. 
Aglseactis cupreipennis, var. parvula, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. 
p. 66; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1880, p. 207. 
Trochilus sequatorialis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 140. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark brown, faintly washed with dark 
bronzy green, darker on the crown ; lower back when viewed from 
behind glittering amethyst, becoming golden green on the rump and 
passing into grass-green on the upper tail-coverts; under surface 
rufous; ear-coverts and chin browner, an indistinct tuft of buff 
feathers on the breast; rectrices rufous, the central pair nearly 
wholly greenish bronze, the basal two-thirds of the shafts only and 
the webs immediately adjoining rufous, the remainder with broad 
tips and with the outer webs greenish ; bill black, the base of the 

mandible flesh-colour. Total length about 4*7 inches, wing 3*5; 
tail, central rectrices 1*65, lateral 1*8 ; bill 0*9. 
Female. Similar to the male, but with the back less brilliant. 

The Ecuador bird has been separated from the Colombian as A. 
wquatorialis and the Peruvian as A. parvula, but the differences 
seem to me to be slight and variable. 

Hah. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. 

a-d. cJ ad.; e, Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
/ . $ ad. sk. Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 
g. £ ad. sk.
h, i. $ ad. sk. 
Pasto, Ecuador (Lehmann). 
Quito, Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
j-l. c? ad.; m. Ecuador (Fraser). Salvin-Godman, 
6 juv. sk. Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 

97 . AGL-5UCTIS. 351 
n-p. 6 ad.* q-s.
2 ad. sk.
t. $ ad. sk.
u, v. Ad. sk. 
Ecuador. 
Cutervo. Peru (Stolzinann). 
Peru (TVarszewiez). 
Salvin-Godman 
Gould Colls. 
Sclater Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
& 

(Types of A. parvida, Gould.) 

w. Ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
2. Aglasactis catunatonota. 
Aglseaetis caumatonota, Gould, P. Z. S. 3848, p. 12; id. Intr. Troch. 
p. 106 ; id. Man. Troch., Suppl pi. 49 (Aug. 1880); Bp. Consp. Av. 
i. 
p. 73; Whitely, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 190; Tact. P. Z. S. 1874, 
p. 543; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 342; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 
iii. p."2Q, iv. p. 215 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218; Elliot, 
Syn. Track, p. 180; ^ Berl. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. xi. p. 561. 
Heliantliea 8. Aglseactis caumatonotus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9. 
Aglaiaetis canniatonota, Cab. §* Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 70. 
Aglseactis cupreipennis, var. cauniatonota, Muls. Sf Verr. Class. 

TrocL p. 6(5. 
Aglseactis olivaceoeauda, Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 470. 

Adult male. Similar to that of A. cupreipennis, but rather darker, 
especially on the chin, breast, and flanks, the pale pectoral spots 
thus showing more plainly ; lower back richer amethyst, with less 
glittering golden green on the rump and with the upper tail-coverts 
purplish amethyst; bill wholly black. Total length about4*7 inches, 
wing 3*1; tail, central rectrices 1*65, lateral 1*85; bill 0*9. 

Female. Similar to the male, but rather paler, and the lower part 
of the back less bright. 
Hob. Peru. 

a. 
JUT. sk. [Peru.] Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. 
<$ ad.; c-e. Cacbupata, Peru, Oct., Noy. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
5 ad. sk. (E. Wliitely). 
3. Aglseactis castelnaudi. 
Trochilus castelnaudi, Bourc. $ Mids. Bev. Zool. 1848, p. 270. 
Aglaeactis castelnaudi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 73 ; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 253 ; Des Murs in Casteln* Voy. i. p. 38 ; Gould, Mon. Troch. 
iii. pi. 180 (May 1857) ; id. Lntr. Troch. p. 107 ,* Whitely, P. Z. S. 
1873, p. 190; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 544; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 343 ; 
Muls. Eist. Nat. Ois-Mouches, iii. p. 21, iv. p. 215; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 187. 
Helianthea 8. Aglaeactis castelnaudi, Reich Aufz. d. Col. p. 9 * id. 
Troch. Enum. p. 6, pi. 739. ff. 4693-4. 
Aglaiactis castelnaudi, Cab. <§* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 69. 

Adult male. Similar to the preceding species, but with darker 
plumage, especially on the under surface, which is dark brown, a 
spot on the throat and the middle of the abdomen alone being dark 
rufous; the pectoral tuft of elongated plumes is conspicuous, being 
white instead of buff, and the glittering feathers of the upper surface-
are of a purple-amethyst, without any admixture of golden or grass-
green. 

352 
TROCHILT. 

Female. Similar to the male, but apparently without the glittering 
feathers of the lower back. 

Hah. Peru, 
a.
b2 
? sk.
e. tf ad.; / .2 ad. sk. 
Ousco, Peru (Castelnau). 
Caeliupata, Peru, Oct., Nov. 
(JZ. Whitely). 
Gould Coll. 
(A type of the species.) 
Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

4. Aglseactis pamela. 
Orthorhynchus pamela, d'Orb. § Lafr. Sy?i. Ac. ii. p. 29; dJOrb. 
Voy. Am. Sept. iv. Ois. p. 375, pi. 60. f. 1. 
Aglasactis pamela, Bp. Co?isp. Av. i. p. 73; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 253; Gould, Mori. Troch. iii. pi. 181 ("Sept. 1856); id. Intr. Troch. 
p. 107; Muls. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 66; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 137; 
id. Syn. Troch. p. 187; Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 19, 
pi. 68 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218; Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 628. 
Helianthea £. Aglseactis pamela, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. 

Enum. p. 6, pi. 738.ff. 4691-2. 
Aglaiactis pamela, Cab. 8r Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 69. 
Trochilus pamela, Gray, Hand~l. B. i. p. 141. 

Adult male. Black; lower part of the back, rump, and upper 
tail-coverts glittering bluish grass-green ; pectoral tuft white and 
very conspicuous ; under tail-coverts and tail chestnut, the latter 
tipped and edged with blackish brown; bill black- Total length 
about 4-3 inches, wing 2*75, tail 1*6, bill 0*85. 
Female. Similar to the male but rather browner. 
Hal. Bolivia. 

a, b. c? ad.; c, Unduavi, Bolivia (Bridges). Salvin-Godman & 

d. 2 «p sk. ^ 
Gould Colls. 
e. £ 
ad.; / . § TJnduavi (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
g. 2 -? sk« Consata, Bolivia (BucTdey). Sclater Coll. 
h~l. S ad. sk. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
98. BELLOHA. 
Type.
Bellona, Muls. 8f Verr. Classif. Troch. p. 75 (1865) ... . B. cristata. 
Orthorhynchus, auctt. 

Range. Lesser Antilles. 

Key to the Species* 

a. Forehead and crown glittering green, the 
posterior feathers of the latter produced 
into a crest of glittering blue cristata, p. 353. 
b. Crest greener, the "blue colour restricted to 
the tips of the longer feathers ornata, p. 354. 
c. Crest almost wholly green, the tips of the 
longer feathers slightly tinged with blue.. exilis, p. 354. 
93 . BELLOSA. 
353 
1. Belloiia cristata. 
Crested Humming Bird, Edw. Nat Hist. i. pi. 37. 
Oiseau-Mouche Hupp€, Bttff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 22. 
Oiseau-Mouche Huppe" de Cayenne, D'Aub. PI Enl. 227. f. 1. 
Mellisuga cristata, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 714, pi. 37. f. 2. 
Trochilus cristatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 192; Gm. Syst Nat. i 


p. 498; Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 317 ; Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxx ; 
Schomb. Hist. Barb. p. 681 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 147. 
Trochilus puniceus, Gm. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 497. 
Trochilus pileatus, Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 318; Vieill. N. Diet. oVHist 

N. vii. p. 365 ; id. Eric. Meth. p. 566 ? 
Oiseau-Mouche huppe bleu, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 154, pi. 63 (?). 
Ornismya cristata, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, vp. xxxix, 113, 
pis. 31, 32. 
Orthorhynchus cristatus, Bp. Consp. Av.i p. 83; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 256; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Enum. p. 9, pi. 807. 
ff. 4876-7 ; Gould, Mori. Troch. iv. pi. 205 (May 1857); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 116; Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 61; Elliot, Ibis, 1872, 
p. 355; Salv. Ibis, 1873, p. 334; Scl P. Z. S. 1874, p. 175: Lawr. 
Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. pp. 272, 487. 
Bellona cristata, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 75 ; Muls. Hist Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 193, pL 89; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 222; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 177; Cory, Ibis, 1886, p." 472; id. 
B. West hid. p. 151 (pt.). 
Orthorhynchus emigrans, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. Ac. 8c. i. p. 50. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark grass-green; forehead and 
anterior portion of the crown glittering green; posterior portion 
and elongated feathers of the crest glittering violet-blue; sides of 
the neck and under surface smoky black, paler on the chin and 
throat; under tail-coverts and tail purple-black; bill black. Total 
length about 3-7 inches, wing 1*95, tad. 1-1, bill 0*7. 

Female. Upper surface including the crown shining dark grass-
green ; under surface smoky ; central rectrices wholly and the rest 
at the base shining grass-green, the latter with a wide subterminal 
steel-blue band and tipped with grey. 

Hab. West Indies : Barbados, Grenadines, and Grenada Islands. 

a. 
<$ ad.; 5. $ Barbados, West Indies. Sir K. Schomburgk. 
ad. sk. 
c. <$ ad. sk. Barbados. 
Sir R. Schomburgk. 
d. S ad. sk. Barbados (Tucker). Gould Coll. 
e. 
<S ad.; / . $ Barbados. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
g. S ad. sk. Barbados (Briggs). Sclater Coll. 
A. 
$ ad. sk. Grenada, West Indies (F. A. Sclater Coll. 
Ober). 
i,j. 
S ad. sk, Mustigne, Grenadine Is., W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I., June (Mrs. H. H. Smith), 

h. <$ ad. sk. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
7-w. <S ad. sk. Venezuela ? ? (ex G. N. Salvin-Godman, 
Lawrence). Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 
(Typical of 0. emigrans.) 
VOL. xvi. 2 A 

354 
TROCHTU. 

2. Bellona ornata. 
Orthorhynchus ornatus, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 206 (Sept. 1801) ; 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 117; Scl P. Z. S. 1871, p. 372, 1872, p. 651; 
Elliot, Ibis, 1872, pp. 355; Later. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. I pp. 192,487; 
Lister, Bis, 1880, p. 42. 

Bellona Pectoris, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 75. 

Adult male. Intermediate between those ofB. cristata and B. exilis, 
the glittering blue of the elongated feathers of the head restricted 
to the tips of the longer plumes. 

Hah. St. Vincent, West Indies. 

a, b. S ad; c. ? Gould Coll. 
5 ad. sk. (Types of 0. ornatus.) 

d. <$ ad. sk. St. Vincent, West Indies (ex Satvin-Godman Coll. 
G. N. Laurence). 
e~?n. c?ad.; n. St. Vincent, "W. L, April, Aug-., SaJvin-Godxnan Coll. 
5 ad. sk. 
and Sept. (3hs. H. IL 
Smith). 


3. Bellona exilis. 
Trochilus exilis, Gm. Syst. Fat. i. p. 484; Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 310; 
Vieill. Erie. Meth. p. 550; Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 147. 
Trochilus cristatellus, Lath. Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. xxxix ; Vieill. N. 

Diet. d'Hist. N. vii. p. 852; id. Enc. Meth. p. 556. 
Oiseaux-Mouclie huppe, Aud. Ois. Dor. p. 110, pis. 47, 48. 
Trochilus cristatus, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. N. vii. p. SGo ; id. Enc. 

Mith. p. 565 (nee Linn.). 
Orthorhynchus cklorolophus, Bp. Consp. An. i. p. 83. 
Orthorhynchus exilis, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 9, pi. 807. f. 4879; Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 256; Gould, Mon. 
Troch. iv. pi. 207 (May 1857) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 117; A. § E. 
Newton, Ibis, 1859, p. 141; Cab. §* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 61: 
278, 458, 487 ; Grisdale, Ibis, 1882, p. 490. 
Trochilus (Orthorhynchus) exilis, Swidev. (Efv. K. Vet.-Ak. Fork 
1869, p. 600. J 

Bellona exilis, Muls. Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 196; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 222; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 179 ; Cory B. 
West Ind. p. 152. €' 

Adult male. Similar to those of B. ornata and B. cristaia, but the 
crest faintly tinged with blue at the tips of the longer feathers; the 
forehead, crown, and crest being nearly of a uniform glittering green. 

Hob. West Indies from Santa Lucia northwards to the Virgin 
Islands and Puerto Bieo (?). 

a. 
6 ad; b. ? Virgin Gorda, West Indies, Salvin-Godman Coll, 
ad.sk. (C. S. Winch). 
c. 
S ad. sk. St. Kitts, West Indies (C. S. Satoin-Godman Coll. 
Winch). 
d. rf ad.sk. St. Kitts, Bee. (G. Arm- Ralvin-Godman Coll. 
strong). 
99 . LODDIGESIA. 
35 5 
e. 
<$ ad. sk. St. Thomas, West Indies (A. Sclater Coll. 
Newton), 
f. 
<$ ad.; g. $ St. Thomas, W. I. Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
h. 
6 ad. sk. Nevis, W. 1. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i. 
£ ad. sk. Dominica, W. I. (F. Obey). Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
/. 
<$ ad. sk. Martinique, W. I. (25. C. Sclater Coll. 
Taylor), 

k. 
<£ ad. sk. Martinique, Nov. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson). 
$ ad. sk. Santa Lucia, W. I. (Semper). Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
m, n. <$ 2 ad. sk. Purchased. 

99. LODDIGESIA. 
Type. 
Loddigesia, " Gould," Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80 (1849) .. L. mirabilis. 
Loddigesia, Gould, Mon. Troch. Hi. pi. 161 (Sept. 1861). 
Loddigesiornis, Bp. Compt. Rend. xxx. p. 381 (1850) .. L. mirabilis. 
Grtkorhynchus 8. Mulsantia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12.. L. mirabilis, 
Thaumantoessa, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 209 L. mirabilis. 

Range. Central Peru." 

1. Loddigesia mirabilis. 
Trochilus mirabilis, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 42. 
Loddigesia mirabilis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80; Gould, Mon. Troch. 

Xliii. pi. 161 (Sept. 1861) ; id. 2ntr. Troch. p. 99; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 252; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 145; ScL $ Salv. Ibis, 1880, p. 152: Tacz. $ 
Stolzm. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 827 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 35 ;' id. Orn. 
PSr. i. p. 318. 

Loddigesiornis mirabilis, Bp. Compt. Rend. xxx. p. 381; id. Rev. 
Zool 1854, p. 256. 
Orthorhynchus h. Mulsantia mirabilis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12 j id. 

Troch. LJnum. p; 9, pi. 810. f. 4888. 
Thaumantoessa mirabilis, Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 209. 
Platura mirabilis, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 80. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming darker 
and more bronzy on the upper back and back of the neck, brighter 
on the upper tail-coverts; forehead, crown, and elongated crest-
plumes glittering blue 5 under surface white, middle of the throat 
glittering bluish green, passing through green into bronze on the 
sides, and margined with black; middle of the breast and abdomen 
bronzy black; under tail-coverts shining green, the longest 
(measuring 2*8 inches) becoming steel-blue and tipped with white ; 
central rectrices very short and covered by the longer upper tail-
coverts, shining green, the outermost pair steel-blue, very long, and 
curved and crossing one another twice, once near the base and 
again about 1*3 from the base; a narrow decreasing web on either 
side, expanding into a large disc nearly an inch in diameter at the 

2A2 

3,50 
TKOCaiLI. 

end: the intermediate rectrices appear to be wholly wanting; bill 
black. Total length to the end of the longest under tail-coverts 
about 5 inches, wing 1*55 ; tail, longest rectrices about 5*5 ; bill 0*7. 

Female. Upper surface shining grass-green, darker and more 
bronzy on the crown; under surface white, the sides of the neck 
and flanks with shining green discal spots: central rectrices green 
like the back ; remainder graduated, steel-blue, grey at the base, the 
outermost pair having the webs reduced in width for about three-
fourths of their length, and then expanding so as to form a small 
spatule. 

Young male. Similar to the female, but an elongated pair of under 
tail-coverts ; the central pair of rectrices shorter, the three intermediate 
ones on either side not visible, the outermost pair straight, 
with the webs narrower than in the female, and the spatule larger. 
The glittering feathers of the throat appear before those of the 
crown. 
Hob. Central Peru. 

a. S ad.; b. 2 Tamiapampa, Peru, Nov. (J. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk.
c. $ juv. sk. 
Stolz7nanri). 
Chachapoyas, Peru, Nov. (J.
Stohmann). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

100. CEPHALOLEPIS. __ 
Type. 
Cephallepis, Zodd. P. Z. S. 1830, p. 12 C. delalandi. 
Cephalolepis, Cab.fy Heine, Mas. Hem. iii. p. 61 C. delalandi. 

Range. Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Crown glittering grass-green 
delalandi, p. 356. 
b. Crown glittering violet-blue 
loddigesi, p. 357. 
1. Cephalolepis delalandi. 
Trochilus 
delalandi, Vieill N. Bid. d'Hist. N. xxiii. p. 427; id. 
Bnc. Mith. p. 558 ; Temm. PI Col 18. ff. 1, 2; Sw. Birds Bras. 
pi. 22 j Less. 2nd. Gen. Troch. p. xxix; Gray. Hand-l. B. i. 

p. 148. 
Trochilus versicolor, Vieill N. Diet. d*Hist. N. radii, p. 430: id. Bnc 
MStk p. 560. 
Cephallepis 
delalandi, Zodd. P. Z. S. 1830, p. 12; Muls. Hist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 187, pi. 88; id. Ann. Soc. Zinn. Zyon. xxii. 

p. 222. 
Ornismya delalandi, Zess. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches. pp. xxxviii, 95, 
pi. 23 ; id. Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 136, pi. 19. 
Cephalepis lalandi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 83; id. JRev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 256. 
Orthorhynchns y. Cephalepis delalandi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12: 
id. Troch. JEnum. p. 9, pi. 808. ff. 4880-3.tg/ 
Cephalepis delalandi, Gould, Mon. TrochM. 208 (Oct. 1854): id. 
Zntr. Troch. p. 118. <. J 
Orthorhynchus delalandi, Burm. Syst Ueb. ii. p. 351. 

100 . CEPHALOLEPIS. 
357 

Cephalolepis delalandi, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. JECein. iii. p. 61; Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 304; Felz. Orn. Bras. p. 33; Reinh. Vidensk. Medd. 
Nat. For. Kjdb.1870,?. Ill; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 180; Salv. 
Cat. Striate. Coll p. 365. 

Bellona delalandi, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 75. 
Cephalolepis beskii, Felz. Orn. Bras. p. 58. 
Cephalepis beskii, Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 262. 
Cepliallepis beskii, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 222. 


Adult male* Upper surface shining bronzy grass-green; crown 
and the shorter of the elongated occipital plumes glittering green; 
longest occipital plume black; middle of the under surface shining 
violet-blue; chin, sides of the neck, and flanks grey; discs of the 
under tail-coverts tinged with green; central rectrices bronze-
green, lateral steel-blue, green at the base and tipped with grey; 
bill black. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 1*95, tail 1*3, 
bill 0*65. 


Female. Uncrested; crown like the back, under surface entirely 
dubky grey. 


Young males commence their adult dress by assuming scattered 
violet-blue feathers on the middle of the under surface; the long 
occipital plume appears before the glittering feathers of the crown. 


There appears to be some variation in the males of this bird, but 
no materials are at hand to show if they are in any way localized. 
One of these forms or varieties has been described as C. beskii. It 
has, according to Mr. Elliot, a bluer crown and the breast lighter blue 
than C. delalandi. Another, described by Mr. Elliot but unnamed, 
has the crown " shiny black" and the breast darker blue 
than the typical form. A specimen before me has the crown like 
the type, but the abdomen much greener and the breast of an indigo 
rather than a violet tint. 

Hob. South-eastern Brazil. 

a-h. $ ad.; i,j. tf juv.; Brazil. Salvin-Godman, Gould, & 

k-m. $ ad. sk. Sclater Colls. 
7i. 3 ad. sk. Brazil. Mrs. Ince [P.], 
o,p. c?ad.;£,r. cfjuv.st. Purchased. 

2. Cephalolepis loddigesi 
Trochilus loddigesi, Gould, P. Z. S. 1830-31, p. 12; Less. Hist. Nat. 
p. 138, pi. 51 ; id. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxx. 
Cephalepis loddigesi, Bp. Consp. AD. i. p. 83; id. Rev. Zool 1854, 
p. 256 ; Gould, Mon. Troch. pi. 209 (Oct. 3854); id. Intr. Troch. 
p. 118. 
Orthorhvnchus y. Cephalepis loddigesi, Reich. Aufz, d. Col. p. 12; 
id. Troch. Enum. p. 9, pi. 809.ff. 4884r-7. 
Orthorhynchus loddigesi, Burnt. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 352. 
Cephalolepis loddigesi, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hern. iii. p. 61; Felz. 

Orn. Bras. p. 33; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 180. 
Bellona loddigesi, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 75. 
Oephallepis loddigesi, Mufa Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 191; id. 

Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 222. 

358 
TKOCHILI. 

Adult male. Similar to that of C. delalandi, but with the crown 
glittering violet-blue instead of green; the middle of the under 
surface is much darker, and the lateral rectrices have much more 
green at the base; the bill, too, is longer (0*8 inch). 

The female resembles that sex of C. delalandi, but maybe distinguished 
by the greater extent of the green at the base of the 
ateral rectrices. 
Hob. Southern Brazil. 

a. d ad. sk. Bio Grande do Sul, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. v. Hiring). 
b. S 
ad.; c. 2 Brazil. Salvin-Grodman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
101. ABEILLIA. 
Type. 
Abeillia, Bp. Comp. Av. I p. 79 (1849)...... A. typica. 
Basilinna y. Baucis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 A. typica. 
Myiabeillia, JBp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p.253 A. typica. 
Baucis, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 72 .. A. typica. 


Range. Southern Mexico and Guatemala. 

1. Abeillia typica. 
Ornismya abeillei, Del. fy Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 16. 
Ramphomicron abeillei, Bp. Comp. Av.i.-p. 79. 
Abeillia typica, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 79 ; JElliot, Syn. Track, p. 184. 
Basilinna y. Baucis abeillei, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. IS. 
Myiabeillia tvpica, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 25S ; Gould, Mmi. TrocJi. 


pi. 211 (Oct. 1854) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 119: Scl. $ Salt). Ibis, 
1859, p. 128; Sail). Ibis, 1800, pp. 195, 262, 263; Scl. Cat. Am. 

B. p. 304; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 205. 
Baucis abeillei, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 72; Muls. Hist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 143, iv. p. 219; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. p. 221. 
Adeloniya abeillei, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 71. 
Trochilus abeillei, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 142. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, rather more 
bronze on the crown and middle of the back; a large postocular 
white spot; ear-coverts black; chin and upper throat glittering 
grass-green, bordered below by black; rest of the under surface 
dusky grey, the feathers of the sides of the neck and flanks and 
under tail-coverts with shining green discs; central rectrices 
bronzy green, lateral steel-blue, green at the base and tipped with 
grey; bill black. Total length about 3*2 inches, wing 0*85. tail 
1-15, bin 0-6. 

Female. Like the male, but with the under surface wholly pale 

dusky grey. 

Hab. Mexico and Guatemala. 

a. <$ ad.; b. tf Mexico (Floret). Gould Cull. 
]uv.; c. 5 ad, 
sk. 
102. KLAIS. 359 
d. 6 ad.; e. $
ad. sk.
/ . d ad. sk.
g. <3 ad. sk.
h. $ ad. sk.
i. d ad. sk. 
Coban, Guatemala, Nov. (0. 
Salvin). 
Coban (Skinner). 
Volean de Fuego, Guatemala,
Sept., Oct. (O. Salvin). 
Pie de la Cuesta, San Marcos,
Guatemala, Nov. (W. B. 
Richardson), 
Salvin-Godiaaa & 
Sclater Colls. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman OolL 
Salvin-Godman CoIL 
Purchased. 
102. KLAIS. 
Type. 

Basilinna /3. Klais, Reich Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 K. guinietL 
Guimetia, "Reich." Bp. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, i. p. 137 . K. gdmeti. 
Klais, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 110 (Sept. 1857) K. guimeti. 
Range. Central America as far north, as Nicaragua; Colombia, 

Venezuela, and the Upper Amazons Valley. 

1. Klais guimeti. 
Trochiius guimeti, Bourc. ty Muls. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon. vi. 
p. 88, pi. 2 (1843) ; id. Rev. Zool. 1843, p. 12. 
Basilinna /3. Klais guimeti, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Myiabeillia guimeti, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. "263. 
Klais guimeti, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 110 (Sept. 1857); id. Intn 
Troch. p. 119 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 139, pi. 82; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 221; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878f 

p. 69; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 184; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 364; 
Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 319. 
Mellibuga meritti, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 110; Gould, Itns, 
1860, p. 309. 
Basilinna guimeti, Cab. 8$ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 45. 
Olais guimeti, Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 304; Heine, J. f. Orn. 1863, 

p. 196; Salv. P. Z. S. 18(57, p. 155; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, 
p. 753, 1873, p. %%6 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 37. 
Adelomya guimeti, Muls. 4* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 70. 
Clais mentti, Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 209; id. Ibis, 1872, p. 319. 
Hylocharis guimeti, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 152. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, blacker on the 
back of the neck and upper back, bluer on the rump and upper 
tail-coverts; crown and throat glittering violet-blue; sides of the 
head black; under surface grey, sides of the neck and flanks washed 
with green ; central rectrices bluish green, lateral steel-blue, green 
at the base and narrowly tipped with white; bill black. Total 
length about 3*4 inches, wing 2, tail 1*2, bill 0*6. 

Female. Similar to the male, with a paler glittering blue crown ; 
the under surface, however, is wholly pale grey, and the lateral 
rectrices have larger white tips. 

Hob. Central America from Nicaragua to Panama; Colombia, 
Venezuela, and the Upper Amazons Valley. 

a-c. (S ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua (Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d-f. 6 ad.; g. Costa Rica (Endres). Salvin-Godman & 
'c? juv.; h,i. Gould Colls. 
? ad. sk. 

360 TROCHILI. 
;'. dad.; k,l. c$
juv. sk. 
Chiriqui (E. ArcS). Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
m. cJ ad. sk. Laguna del^ Castillo, Panama Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
(E. Arci). 
n. S ad.; o. rf Santiago de Veraguas (Arci). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv. sk. 
p, q. 6 ad.; r. Santa F6, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
s, t. <$ ad.; u.
5 ad. sk. 
Ckepo, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
v-z. ($ ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould ColL. 
a'. £ ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
b', c'. tf ad.; d'. Upper Amazons \Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
<$ juv. sk. 
e'.f. d ad. sk. Venezuela. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
g\ £ ad. sk. San Esteban, Venezuela. Sclater ColL 
ti, i'. J ad. sk. Pmcha&ed. 

103. ERIOCTEMIS. T 
Type. 
Eriopus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 16 (nee Treitschhe). E. vestita. 
Eriocneniis, Reich. Syst. Av. pi. xl. (1849) E. vestita. 
Eriocnemis a. Engyte, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9 

(1854) " E. alin«. 
Eriocnemis y. Threptria, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9 
(1854) E. mosquera. 
Eriocnemis 8. Phenionoe, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9 
(1854) \ E. luciani. 

Luciani, "Stick.," ) *• P-1W (1864). 

Derbyoniyia, Bp. Ann. So. Nat. ser. 4, i. p. 137. 

Erebenna, Muls. § Terr. Class. Troch. p. 66...... E. derbyi. 

Eriocnemis (Niche), Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 

xxii. pp. 217, 218 E. glaucopoides. 
Eriocnemis (Pholoe), Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 
xxii. pp. 217, 218 E. dy&elius. 
Eriocnemis (Nania), Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 
xxii. pp. 217, 218 , E. cupreiventris. 
Eriona, Muls. Mist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 28 .. E. godini. 
Range. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

As a whole, Eriocnemis is a tolerably homogeneous genus, though 
it contains several fairly well-marked sections. All, however, have 
the legs clothed with downy feathers, which form a very conspicuous 
feature, the shape of the tail serving to separate the other genera 
also possessing it- The most distinct member of the genus is 

E. derbyi, which not only has the tufts of the legs differently coloured 
in the sexes, but also has the outermost rectrix on either side of 
very singular shape, the outer web being evanescent almost to the 
tip of the feather, which is very acute. The female shows this 
peculiarity to a less extent. Should it be thought advisable to 
103 . EKIOCNEMIS. 
separate E. derbyi generically, the name Erebenna, IIuls. & Verr., 
is available for it. Of the other species of Eriocnemis, E. incultus 
seems the most aberrant, but of it I do not know enough to pronounce 
a definite opinion upon its affinities. 

The tufts on the legs clothe the tibia and the proximal portion 
of the tartus. I have called them *ctibial tufts" and not "tarsal 
tufts/' the term used by Mr. Elliot. 

Key to the Sficcies. 

a. 
Under tail-coverts glittering green. 
a'. Tufts of the tibiae black derbyi, p. 362. 
b'. Tufts of the tibiae white ahnce *, p. 363. 
b. 
Under tail-coverts more or less blue. 
c'. Under tail-coverts glittering blue. 
a". A definite glittering blue gular patch. 
a'". Abdomen glittering green. 
a\ A black pectoral band vest it a, p. 368. 
bl. No pectoral band smaragdinipectus^. 304. 

h"\ Abdomen glittering amethyst ventralis, p. 364 

c"'. Abdomen nearly black nigrivestis, p. 36o. 
b". A diffused greenish-blue gular patch . godini, p. 305. 
c". Xo gular patch. 

d'". Forehead bluish green or violet-

blue. 
e\ Forehead bluish green hiciani, p. 300. 
dK Forehead violet-blue glaucopoides, p. 367. 

e". Forehead shining green. 
eK Abdomen reddish copper cupreiventris t, p. 307. 
fK Abdomen darker redder copper.. chrysorama, p. 368. 
d'. Under tail-coveits dull dark purple-

blue. 
d". General plumage dark bronzy brown . simplex, p. 368. 
e". General plumage purplish black ... . dyselius, p. 368. 

* ERIOCNEMIS DYBOWSKII, Tacs. P. Z. S.1882, p. 39; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 394, 
from "Ray-Urmana, Peru (J. JStolzTnann), is evidently allied to E. alin®. Taezanowskfs 
description of the male is as follows :— 
'' E. supra aureo-Tiridis ; subtus splendide viridis, abdomine splendidissimo; 
pectore medio albo, viridi maculato; subcaudalibus splendide viridibus ; pedibus 
uibo papposis ; remigibus nigricantibus nitore violaceo ; Cauda profunde emarginata, 
aureo-viridi; rostrum rectum, subcylindrieum, dimidia parte corporis 
longius, nigrum ; pedes nigricantes. Long. tot. 106, vol 137, aile 52, queue 33, 
bee 22 millim. 

"Hob. Eay-Urmana, Peru, 7000-8000 pieds {Btohmwnny 

t 
The following bird is also unknown to me, but apparently belongs here:— 

ERIOCNEMIS SAPFHIROPYGIA, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 139, 545; id. Orn. Per. 

i. p. 397 ; bharpe m Gould's Mon. Troch, SuppL pi. 50 (Jan, 1883). 
" E. capite viridi, dorso tectricibusque alarum subcupreo viridibus, uropygio 
et tectricibus caudal superioribus viridibus ; subtus viridi nitidus, subcaudalibus 
splendide sapphirinis; pedibus albo papposis ; cauda einarginata, rectricibus 
latis saturate c^eruleis. 
" Hub. Maraynioc, Peru {JMi)." {Tacz. I a. e.) 

362 
TB0CH1LI. 

c. Under tail-coverts shining green j abdomen 
rich greenish or reddish copper. 
e\ 
Upper tail-coverts and central rectrices 
shining green mosquera, p. 360. 


f. 
Upper tail-coverts purplish coppery 
green, central rectrices purple-black .. isaacsoni, p. 369. 
d. Under tail-coverts green ; under surface 
greenish or bronzy green. 
g'. Tibial tufts half white, half pale chestnut. 
/" . Under surface greenish aurelice, p. 370. 
*/'. Under surface bronzy green russata, p. 370. 

ti. Tibial tufts pale chestnut asshnffis, p. 371. 

e. Under tail-coverts and under surface dark 
grey. 
i'. Tibial tufts wholly white lugens, p. 371. 


f. Tibial tufts half white, half pale chestnut, squamata, p. 371. 
/. ' Under tail-coverts grey, tinged with bluish 
green and edged with white incultus, p. 372. 

1. Eriocnemis derbyi. 
Trochilus derbyi, Bel $ Bourc. Bev. Zool. 1846, p. 306. 
Eriopus derbyi, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 17; Bjo. Consp. Av. i. p. 80. 
Eriocnemis y. Threptia derbyi, Beick. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9 j id. Trock. 


Mum. p. 6, pi. 728. if. 466(5-7, pi. 741. if. 4098-9. 
Eriocnemys derbyanus, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 252. 
Eriocnemis derbyanus, Gould, Mo?i. Trock, iv.pl. 279 {May 1858). 
Eriocnemis derbiana, Gould, Intr. Track, p. 145-Mute*Ann. iSoc. 

Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218; Elliot, Syn. Trock. p. 189 • Tacz. Orn. 

Be>. i. p. 395. 
Erebenna derbyi, Mute, fy Verr. Class. Trock. p. Q6. 
Eriocnemis derbyi, Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouckes, iii. p. 40. 
Hylocharis derbyi, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 153. 

Adult male. Upper surface rich shining bronze-green, reddish 
bronze on the rump; the longer tail-coverts brilliant glittering 
green; under surface glittering golden green, tinged with bronze on 
the sides of the throat; under tail-coverts very brilliant glittering 
green; tibial tufts black• tail nearly black, the outermost rectrices 
pointed, the outer web being almost obsolete; bill black. Total 
length about 3*8 inches, wing 2*3; tail, central rectrices 1*1, lateral 
1-3; bill 0-95. 

Female. Similar to the male, but with the forehead tinged with 
bluish green, the bases of the feathers of the throat white, and the 
tibial tufts white. 

Hah. Southern Colombia and the adjoining part of Ecuador. 

a-d. <S ad. • e-g. Volcan de Purace, Colombia Gould Coll. 
2 ad. sk. (JDelattre). 
h-j. S ad. sk. Near Pasto, Colombia (Leh- Salvin-Godman & 
mann). Gould Colls. 

h. S ad.; I, m. Ecuador (Buckley). Saivin-Godman Coll. 
? ad. sk. 
n, o. S ad.; p, Ecuador. Gould & Sclater 

q. $ ad, sk. 
Colls. 
103 . EKI0CNEM1S. 
363 

2. Eriocnemis alinae. 
Ornismya alinae, Bourc. Ann. Sc. Phi/s. et Nat Lyon, v. p. 343, pi. 20 

(1842); id. Rev. ZooL 1842, p. 373. 
Eriopus alinae, Bp. Consp.Av. i. p. 80. 
Eriocnemis a. Engyte aline, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. 

Enum. p. 5, pi. 726. ff. 4655-6. 
Eriocnemys alinae, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 252. 
Eriocnemis alinse, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 280 (May 1859) ; id. 

Intr. Troch.-p. 145; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 73; Scl. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 311; Muls. $ Vert. Class. Troch. p. 65; Whvtely, 
P.Z.8. 1873, p. 784; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 30, 
iv. p. 216; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217; Elliot, Syn. 

Troch. p. 191; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 321. 
Hylocliaris aline, Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 152. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; forehead and 
under surface, including the under tail-coverts, glittering grass-
green ; bases of the feathers of the throat and breast white, which 
colour shows between the glittering green discal spots; tibial tufts 
white; tail shining olive-green; bill black. Total length about 3*5 
inches, wing 2*1; tail, central rectrices 0*85, lateral 1*3; bill 0*75. 

Female. Probably resembles the male. 

E. dybowsldl, which 1 do not know, is evidently a close ally o£ 
E. alince {see page 361). 
Hah. Colombia and Northern Ecuador. 
a-h. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
i-L Ad. sk. Pasto, Ecuador {Lehnann). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Oollb. 

m. Ad. sk. Purchased. 
3. Eriocnemis vestita. 
Ornismya vestita, Lomjuem. Rev. ZooL 1838, p. 314; Lodd. P. Z. S. 

1843, p. 122. 
Trochilus uropygialis, Eraser, P. Z. S.1840, p. 15. 
Ornismya glomata, Less. Echo du Monde Sav. 1843 {fide Elliot). 
Eriopus vestita, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80. 
Eriocnemis vestita, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch. Enum. 

p. 6, pi. 726. ft. 4657-9; Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 275 (May 
1859); id. Lntr. Troch. p. 145; Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 73 ; 
Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 311; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 65 ; Scl. 
$ 8alv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 782; Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 10; id. Syn. 
Troch. p. 193 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 32, iv. p. 216 ; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 152; Berl. J. /. Orn. 1887, 
p. 322. 
Eriocnemys vestitus, Bp. Ret. ZooL 1854, p. 252. 
Mellisuga ridolphi, Benvenuti, Ann. R. Mus. Tor. 1865, p. 305. 
Hyloehaiis vestita, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 152. 
Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green; rump and 
upper tail-coverts very brilliant glittering golden green; under 
surface shining grass-green, becoming brighter and more golden on 

364 
TEOCHLLI. 

the abdomen; a large gular patch glittering violet-blue, bordered 
below by a black band; under tail-coverts glittering violet-blue; 
tail steel-blue, base of the central rectrices green; tibial tufts 
wbite; bill black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*3; tail, 
central rectrices 1*1, lateral 1*65 ; bill 0"8. 

Female. Similar to the male on the upper surface, but rather 
lighter green, and the rump less brilliant; beneath, the throat and 
breast are pale chestnut, the abdomen white ; each of the feathers 
of the whole under surface having a shining green discal spot, 
which is small on the breast and middle of the abdomen ; the gular 
spot is pale violet-blue. 

Hob. Yenezuela and Colombia. 

a. $ ad. sk. Paramo of Merida, Venezuela Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
(A. Goering). 
b. <S ad. sk. Merida (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c~h. <$ ad.; i-l. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
<3 juv.; m~r. Gould, & rfclater 
$ ad. sk. Colls. 

s, t. <$ ad. sk. 
Purchased. 

u. $ ad. sk. Bogota. 
Purchased. 
4. Eriocnemis smaragdinipectus. 
Eriocnetnis smaragdinipectus, Gould, Ann. f Mag. N. H. 1868, 
i. p. 322; "Muls. Ann. Sac. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217; Elliot, Ibis, 
1872, p. 295; id. Syn. Troeh. p. 194; Tacz. $• BerL P. Z. 6\ lfc8o, 
p. 105. 
Adult male. Very similar to that of E. vestita, but without the 
black border beneath the violet-blue gular patch, the bright green 
of the rest of the under surface extending to the lower margin of 
that spot. 

Hah. Ecuador. 

a-f. <$ ad. • g, h. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coil. 
$ ad. sk. (Types of the species.) 
i,j. $ ad. sk. San Lucas, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

k. $ 
ad.; I. 2 San Rafael, Ecuador (Stolz- Sclater Coll. 
ad. sk. mann). 
m. § ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5. Eriocnemis ventralis. (Plate IX. fig. 2.) 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming bronzy 
black on the hind neck and crown, and glittering olive-green on the 
rump and upper tail-coverts; under surface with the throat bronzy 
black, a glittering blue gular patch; breast glittering green, shading 
into glittering amethyst on the abdomen; under tail-coverts glittering 
purplish blue; tail steel-blue; tibial tufts pure white; bill 
black. Total length about 8*9 inches, wing 2*25; tail, central 
rectrices 1*05, lateral P65; bill 0*85. 

A species belonging to the same section of the genus ab E. vest ha, 

103 . ERIOCNEMIS. 
365 

but differing from that bird and all others in the colour of the 
abdomen, which is of a similar tint to that of Helianthea typica. 
Hob. Colombia. 

a. 
S ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
6. Eriocnemis nigrivestis. 
Trochilus nigrivestis, Bourc. Ann. Sc. Phi/s. et Nat. Lyon, (2) iv. 
p. 144 (1852). t ^ " J 
Eriocnemis mgrive&tis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; Bp. Bev. Zool. 
1854, p. 252; Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 276 (May 1858); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 145; Mills. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 65; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Monc7ies, iii. p. 38, iv. p. 216; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 217 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 194. 

Hylocharis nigrivestis, Gray, Hand-l. B. i p. 152. 

Adult male. Upper surface nearly black, a green tinge in certain 
lights on the forehead, crown, and rump; upper tail-coverts dark 
shining indigo-blue; under surface black, washed with very dark 
purple, the flanks with green; a gular patch and under tail-coverts 
glittering dark violet-blue: tibial tufts white; tail dark steel-
blue ; bill black. Total length about 3*8 inches, wing 2*35; tail, 
central rectrices 1*05, lateral 1*45; bill 0*75. 


Female. Upper surface shining bronzy green, becoming glittering 
grass-green on the upper tail-coverts; under surface shining golden 
green, with the bases of the feathers of the throat buff, those of the 
abdomen white ; a gular patch of pale greenish blue; under tail-
coverts violet-blue; tibial tufts white ; bill black. 

Hob. Ecuador. 

a, h. <$ ad.; c. $ Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

d. <$ ad.; e. 9 Piehincha, Ecuador (E. Sclater Coll. 
ad. sk. Whymper). 
f. 
$ ad.; g, h. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
i. 
<$ ad. sk. Cochabamba, near Otobila, Gould Coll. 
Ecuador. 
j-n. 
$ ad.; o, v. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. * Gould Colls. 


5. Eriocnemis godini. 
Trochilus godini, Bourc. Compt. Rend. xxxii. p. 186 (1851). 
Eriocnemis godini, Reich. Aufz, d. Col. p. 9 ; Gould, Mon. Troch. 

iv. pi. 277 (May 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 145; Muls. ty Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 65; Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 295; id. Syn. Troch. 
p. 193; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 36. 
Eriocnemys godini, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p« 252. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, becoming 
glittering green on the rump and upper tail-coverts; under surface 

366 
TROCHILI. 

glittering golden green, more coppery on the abdomen ; a glittering 
blue gular spot without definite edges, but gradually shading into 
the glittering green of the rest of the throat; tibial tufts pure 
white; under tail-coverts glittering blue; tail steel-blue; bill 
black. Total length about 4-5 inches, wing 2*4; tail, central 
rectrices 1*2, lateral 1*75; bill 085. 

Female. Similar to the male, but the colours of the plumage less 
vivid, and the blue gular spot nearly obsolete. 
The female of this bird is very like that of E. smaragdinipectus, 
but the blue gular spot is nearly obsolete. The female of 

E. nigrivestis is smaller and greener on both upper and under 
surfaces. 
Hah. Ecuador. 


a. cf ad. sk. Ecuador (Bourcier). Gould Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 
h. $ ad. sk. Ecuador. 
(Sould Coll. 
c. (S ad. sk. Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8. Eriocnemis luciani. 
TrocMlus luciani, Bourc. Ann. So. Phys. et Kat. Lyon, viL p. 324 
(1847). 
Eriopus luciani, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80. 
Eriocnemis 
luciani, Gould, Mo?i. Troch. iv. pi. 273 (Oct. 1853); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 144; Scl F.Z.8.1860, pp. 81, 94; id. Cat Am. B. 

p. 311; Muls. fyVerr. Class. Track p. 65; Mute. Hist. Nat. Ois.-
Mouches* iii. p. 47, iv. p. 216; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 192; Berl $ Tacz. P. Z. S.1884, p. 303,1885, 
p. 105. 
Eriocnemis 8. Phemonoe luciani, Reich. Aufi. d. Col. p. 9 : id. Troch. 
Enum. p. 6, jl. 730.ff. 4671-2. 
Eriocnemys luciani, Bp. Itev. Zool. 1854? p. 252. 
Hylocharis luciani, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 152. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, becoming bluish 
green on the forehead, and rather brighter on the upper tail-coverts; 
under surface shining golden green; under tail-coverts glittering 
violet-blue; tibial tufts white; tail steel-blue, the central rectrices 
slightly tinged with bronze; bill black. Total length about 
5 inches, wing 2*8; tail, central rectrices 1, lateral 2*25; bill 1. 


Female. Similar to the male. 
Hab. Ecuador. 


a. <$ ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. S ad. sk. Pichincha, Ecuador (Fraser). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. cJ ad. sk. Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
d. <$ ad. sk, Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. San Kafael, Ecuador (Stolz- Sclater Coll. 
mann). 
f~o. 
Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

103 . ERLOCNEIUIS. 
367 

9. Eriocnemis glaucopoides. 
Ornismya glaucopoides, cFOrb.fy Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 27. 
Trochilus d'orbignvi, Bourc. §• Muls. Ann. Sc. Phi/s. et Nat. Lyon. 

ix. p. 320 (1846). 
Coeligena a. Tiialurania glaucopoides, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 7. 
Eriocnemis o\ Phemonoe d'orbignvi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. 
Troch. Enum. p. 6, pi. 741. f. 40*97. 
Thalurania glaucopoides, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254. 
Eriocnemis jrlaucopoides, Elliot. Ibis. 1877, p. 136; id. Syn. Troch 

p. 191; ScL # Salv. P. Z. S. 1879,'p. 630. 
Eriocnemys orbignyi, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252. 
Eriocnemis d'orbignyi, Gould, Man. Troch. iv. pi. 278 (Sept. 1861); 
id. Inir. Troch. p. 145 ; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 65; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, lii. p. 29, iv. p. 215; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon} xxii. p. 217. 

" Male. Forehead violet-blue, a white spot behind the eye; upper 
surface bronzy green; under surface glittering golden green, washed 
with blue on the throat and chest ; tail bluish black ; bill black ; 
tarsal tufts pure white ; under tail-coverts shining blue. Total 
length 4^ inches, wing 2, tail 1|, culmen f. Unique type in 
Paris Museum." (Elliot, I. s. c.) 

Mr. Elliot examined the type of this species in the Paris Museum, 
and the above is his description of it. Its alliance is apparently 
with E. luciani, but the violet-blue forehead distinguishes it. 

Hob. Yalle Grande, Bolivia. 

10. Eriocnemis eupreiventris * 
Trochilus eupreiventris, Eraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 15. 
Eriopus eupreiventris, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. SO. 
Eriocnemis eupreiventris, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pis. 270 (Oct. 1853), 


271 (May 1852) ; id. Mr. Troch. p. 143; Cab.fy Seine, Mus. Hein. 
Hi. p. 73; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 311; Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 65; Scl.$ Salv. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 235; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-
MoucJies, Hi. p. 45, iv. p. 216; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217; 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 192; Berl. J. f. Orn. 1887, p. 321. 
Eriocnemis 6\ Phemonoe eupreiventris, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. 

Troch. Enum. p; 6, pi. 729.ff. 4668-9. 
Eriocnemys eupreiventris, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252. 
Hyloeharis eupreiventris, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 152. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, greener on the 
rump, more bronze on the crown and forehead; throat more 
glittering green, passing into reddish copper on the abdomen; under 
tail-coverts glittering blue ; tail dark steel-blue; bill black. Total 
length about 4*5 inches, wing 2*5 ; tail, central rectrices 1, lateral 
1*7; bill 0*9. 

Eemale similar to the male. 

* I do not know the bird from Colombia described by Dr. Meyer as 
ERIOCNEMIS AUREA (Auk, vii. p. 315, 1890). 
368 TR0CH1LT. 

Young similar to the adult, but with the throat nearly black ; 
the mandible towards the base flesh-colour. 
Hah. Colombia. 

a-h. Ad.; i-n. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman, 
J u v sk Gould, & Selater 
Colls. 
o-q. Ad. sk. Purchased. 

11. Eriocnemis chrysorama. 
Eriocnemis chrysoraraa, Elliot, Ann. $ Mag. N. H. 1874, xiii. p. 375 ; 
id. Syn. Track, p. 193; Muh. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 44, 
pi. 69; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217. 

Adult male. Very similar to that of E. cupreiventris, but decidedly 
darker, the abdomen much darker reddish copper. 

I am not altogether satisfied as to the distinctness of this bird ; 
a good series of skins from definite localities is required to establish 
it with certainty. 

Hal. Colombia?, Ecuador. 

a, b. S ad. sk. [Colombia,] Gould Coll. 

12. Eriocnemis simplex. 
Eriopus simplex, Gould, P. Z. S. 1849, p. 96; JReich. Aufz. d. Col 
p. 9; id. Troch. Enum. p. 6, pi. 729. f. 4670.' 
Eriocnemis simplex, Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 271 (May 1852). 
Eriocnemys simplex, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252. 
Male ? Yery much darker than E. cujorezventris, and without any 
glittering colours, the general tint being very dark greenish olive-
bronze, rather more rufescent on the upper surface and darEer on 
the crown. 

This is again one of the doubtful forms of E. cupreiventris, but 
certainly as much entitled to recognition as E. chrysorama and 
others. 

Hal. Colombia. 

a, b. $? ad. ? sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Gould Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 

b. Var. Bogota. Gould Coll. 
11. Eriocnemis dyselius. (Plate IX. ^.g. 1.) 
Eriocnemis dyselius, Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 294; id. Syn. Troch. 
p. 194. 
Eriocnemis dyselia, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 50, pi. 71; 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 217. 
Malel Upper and under surfaces black, slightly glossed with 
purple; under tail-coverts and tail dark steel-blue, with a tinge of 

103 . ERIOCtfEMIS. 
369 

purple; tibial tufts pure white; bill black. Total length about 

4*3 inches, wing 2-3; tail, central rectrices 1*05, lateral 1-6; bill 0*9. 

A curious bird, perhaps a melanism of E. cupreiventris I 

Hab. Ecuador, Colombia? 

a. 
Ad. ? sk. A skin of Bogota make ? Gould Coll. 
(Compared with the type.) 
M. Eriocnemis mosquera. 
Trochilus mosquera, JBourc. $- Del. Rev. ZooL 1846, p. 306. 
Eriopus mosquera, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80. 
Eriocnemis rnosquera, Gould, Mon. Troch iv. pi. 274 (Oct. 18e53) ; 


id. Intr. Troch. p. 144; Muls. 8r Verr. Class. Troch. p. 65; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, Hi. p. 49, pi. 70; id. Ann. Soc. Linn, 
Lyon, xsii. p. 217; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 191; Tacz. fy Berl. 

P. Z. S. 1885, p. 10o. 
Eriocnemis y. Threptia rnosquera, Reich. Aufz. d. Cot p. 9; id. 
Troch. Enum. p. 6, pi. 727. fT. 4662-3. 
Eriocnemys mosquera, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 252. 
Hylocharis inosquera, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 152. 


Adfdt male. Upper surface shining bronzy grass-green, more 
golden and brighter on the upper tail-coverts; under surface 
bright reddish copper, more bronzy on the breast; bases of the 
feathers of the throat white, those of the breast dark buff, those of 
the abdomen dark; under tail-coverts dark, washed with green; 
tibial tufts white; tail dark green, the median rectrices and the 
tips of the rest brighter; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, 
wing 2-85; tail, central rectrices 1*15, lateral 2-2 : bill 0*9. 

Female. Like the male. 

Hah. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a-d. Ad. sk. Pasto, Ecuador (Delattre). Salvin-Godman & 

Gould Colls. 
e,f. Ad. sk. Pasto (Lehmanri). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g,h. Ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i. 
Ad. sk. Pichineha, Ecuador (E. Whym- Sclater Coll. 
per), 
j. Ad. sk. Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k. Ad. sk. [Ecuador.] 
Gould Coll. 
15. Eriocnemis isaacsoni 
Ornismya isaacsoni, Parz. Rev. Zool. 1845, p. 95. 
Eriopus isaacsoni, Bp. Consp. i. p. 80.^ 
Eriocnemis d. Phenonoe isaacsoni, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 9; id. Troch. 


Enwn. p. 6, pi. 741. f. 4700. 
Eriocnemis isaacsoni, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252; Goidd, Mon. 
Troch. iv. pi. 272 (May 1858) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 144. 
Helianthea isaacsoni, Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 294,1874, p. 331; id. Syn. 
Troch. p. 71. 
Saturia isaacsoni, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 299, pi. 61, 

iv. p. 212; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Zyon,xxil p. 217 ; Berl. J.f.O.n. 
1887, p. 323. 
VOL. XVI. 2 B 


370 TROCHILT. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining green, a little brighter 
on the forehead ; upper tail-coverts bright purplish coppery-green; 
throat glittering green, coppery on the sides, and becoming fiery-
coppery on the abdomen; under tail-coverts bright green; tail 
uniform purple-black, slightly tinged with green on the under 
surface; bill black. Total length about 4-5 inches, wing 2*65 ; 
tail, central rectrices 1*1, lateral 1-7; bill 1-2. (Type in Derby 
Museum, Liverpool.) 

Mr. Elliot describes a bird in his collection, supposed to be of 
this species, as having '* a small spot of very luminous light grass-
green on the forehead," and the upper tail-coverts as " brilliant 
metallic grass-green." These characters do not exist in the type 
before me. Mr. Elliot also transfers the species from Enocnemis to 
Eelianthea, which seems to me unnecessary. 

Hab. Colombia. 

16. Eriocneisiis aurelise. 
Trochilus aurelias, Bourc. <§* Muls. Ann. Sc. Fhys. et Nat. Lyon, ix, 
p. 315, pi. 10 (1846) ; iid. Rei\ Zool. 1846, p. 310. 
Enopus aurelise, Bjp. Camp. Av. i. p. 80. 
Enocnemis aurelice, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 0; id. Troch. Enum. p. 0, 
pi. 727. ff. 4660-1; Gould, Mon. Troeh. iv. pi. 2K3 (Sept. 1TO); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 146; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 311; MvU. ^ Terr. 
Class. Troch. p. 6o; Muls. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, iii. p. 51, iv. 

p. 216 • id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 190; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. '1879, p. 530; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, 
p. 522. 
Eriocnemys aurelia, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 252. 
Hylocharis aurelise, Gray, Sand-l. B. i. p. 152. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, bronzy on the 
occiput and upper tail-coverts ; under surface, including the under 
tail-coverts, dark shining grass-green, darker on the throat; tibial 
tufts partly white, partly pale chestnut; tail steel-blue, Total 
length about 4 inches, wing 2*5; tail, central rectrices 1*45, lateral 
1-7; bill 0-85. 

Female. Similar to the male. 

Eab. Colombia. 

a-g. Ad.sk. Medellin, Colombia (T. K. Sal- Salvin-ftodman & 
mon). Gould Colls. 
h-r. Ad. sk. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godroan & 
Gould CoUs. 

17. Eriocnemis russata. 
Eriocnemis russata, Gould, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 505; Muls. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 218. 

Adult male. Yery similar to that of E. aurelice, but much darker, 
the middle of the back and crown more bronzy and the entire under 
surface bronzy green ; the bill longer. 

Hab. Ecuador. 

108. ERIOCtfEMIS. 371 
a. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. (Type 
b. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador.
of the speci 
Gould Oofl. 
es.) 
c. Ad. sk.
d. Ad. sk.
e.f. Ad. sk. 
Napo, Ecuador. 
Ecuador (Buckley), 
[Ecuador.] 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

18. Eriocnemis assimilis. 
Eriocnemis assimilis, Elliot, Bull Soc. Zool. Fr. 1876, p. 227; id. 

Syn. Troch. p. 189; Muls. Mist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 216. 
Eriocnemis aureliae, Sri # Sah\ P Z. S. 1879, p. 630. 
Eriocnemis affinis, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 39 ; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 396. 

Adult male. Very similar to that of E. aurelice, bat with the 
tibial tufts wholly buff, without any portion white. 
Hah. Peru and Bolivia. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Huasampilla, Peru, April (H. Gould Coll. 
Whitehj). 
b. Ad. &k. Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Buckley). 
c. S sk. Apollo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d-f. Ad. sk. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
19. Eriocnemis lugens. 
Eriopus lugens, Gould, Contr. Orn. 1851, p. 140. 
Eiiocnemis y. Tkreptria lugens, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 9; id. Troch 

Enum. p. 6, pi. 740. ff. 4695-6. 
Eriocnemys lugens, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 252. 
Eriocnemis lugens, Gould, Mon, Troch. iv. pi. 282 (Oct. 1854) ; id. 

Intr. Troch. p. 146; Mids. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 65; Muls. 
Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouclies, iii. p. 53; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxiL 

p. 218; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 190; Set. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, 
p. 530. 
Hylocharis lugens, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 152. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, darker and 
more rufescent on the crown, nape, and upper tail-coverts ; under 
surface dark grey, the feathers of the throat edged with white and 
the flanks washed with green ; tibial tufts wholly white; tail steel-
blue. Total length about 4 inches, wing 2*553 tail 1*6, bill 0*85. 

Hob. Ecuador. 

a, b. Ad. sk. 
Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. 
Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d~m. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

20. Eriocnemis squamata. 
Eriocnemis squainata, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 311; id. Mon. Troch. 
iv. pi. 281 (May 1861); id. Intr. Troch. p. 146; Mids. $ Verr. 
Class. Troch. p. 65; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 55; id, 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon. xxii. p. 218; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 190. 
2B2 

TEOCHILl, 

Adult male. Very similar to that of & lugens, but with the tibial 

tufts partly white, partly pale chestnut, 
Hab. Ecuador. 
a. Ad. &k. Ecuador {Jameson). Gould Coll. (Type 
of the species.) 
b. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Coll. 
c-f. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godinan & 
Gould Colls, 

21. Eriocnemis incultus. 
Eriocnemis ineultus, Elliot, Auk, vi. p. 210. 
Upper surface bluish or purplish black, nearly uniform, the upper 
tail-coverts and tail rather brighter; under surface very dark dull 
purple-black, the throat-feathers edged with white, those of the 
middle of the abdomen with dull grey; tibial tufts white ; discs of 
the under tail-coverts bluish with a tinge of green, margins white ; 
tail nearly even : maxilla black; mandible flesh-colour at the base, 
the tip black. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 2-1, tail 1*15, 
bill OS. 

A curious bird, suggesting a melanism of some wholly differently 
coloured species. The shape of the tail and the colour of the under 
tail-coverts differ from those of all other species of Eriocnemis. 

Hal. Colombia? Ecuador? 

a. Ad. ? sk. [Ecuador.] Gould Coll. 
104. 
PANOPLITES. 
Type. 
Boissoneaua, Beich. Aufz. d. Col p. 11 (March 1854) 
(descr. nulla) P. flavescens. 
Panoplites, Gould, Mon. Troch. pt. viii. (Oct. 1854) (fig.) P. flavescens. 
Florisuga (Galenia), Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 47 

(1865) P. jardinii. 
Caffidioe, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 65 (1865) .. P. flavescens. 
Alosia, Muls. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213 (1875) P. matthewsi. 

Range. Andes from Colombia to Peru. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Neck black; back glittering green jardinii, p. 372. 
b. Upper surface uniform shining grass-green. 
a'. Abdomen chestnut matthewsi, p. 373. 
V. Abdomen shining green flavescens, p. 374. 
1. Panoplites jardinii. 
Trochilus jardinii, Bourc. Compt. Rendus. xxii. p. 187 ; Gray, Eand-L 
B. i. p. 141. 
Plorisuga jardinii, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 14; Bp. Bev. Zool 1854, 
p. 253. 
Panoplites jardinii, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 112 (Oct. 1854) ; id. 
104:. PANOPLITES. 

373 

Intr. Troeh. p. 80; Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 74; Sol. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 294; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 233, pi. 51 j 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213; Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 53 ; 
Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. Caen, i. p. 227; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. 

p. 363. 
Florisuga (Galenia) jardinii, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 47. 
Adult male. Upper surface glittering bluish green; longest tail-
coverts purple-black; neck black; crown and chin dark shining 
violet-blue; under surface shining violet; sides of the chest glittering 
green; wing-coverts shining green, the smaller series glittering; 
edge of the outermost primary and under wing-coverts 
chestnut; under tail-coverts purple-black, tipped with white; middle 
rectrices greenish purple, laterals white, tipped and edged with 
purple-black; bill black. Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 3*1; 
tail, central rectrices l*o, lateral 1*9 ; bill 1. 

Female. Similar to the male. 

Young males are shining green above, and gradually assume the 
glittering green feathers; the violet head is assumed before the 
violet throat, which in the first instance is black like the neck. 

Hob. Ecuador. 

a-f. Ad. et juv. sk. Nanegal, Ecuador (Jameson). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
q, r. Ad.; s. Juv. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

sk. 

2. Panoplites matthewsi 
Trochilus matthewsi, " Zodd.," Boure. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 43; id. Bev. 

Zool 1847, p. 255; Gray, Hand-l. B. L p. 141. 
HeHodoxa matthewsi, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11. 
Clytolsema matthewsi, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 254; Muls. fy Verr. 

Class. Troeh. p. 59; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 230, 

t. 50, iv. p. 207; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 213. 
Panoplites 
matthewsi, Gould, Mm. Troeh. ii. pi. 113 (Oct. 1854); 
id. Intr. Troeh. p. 80; id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, 

p. 145; Cab. fy Heine, Mm. Hem. iii. p. 74; Whitely, P. Z. S. 
1873, p. 784; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 544, 1879, p. 237, 1880, 
p. 204, 1882, p. 35; id. Dm. Pfr. i. p. 295; Scl. $• Salv. P. Z. S. 
1876, p. 16; Elliot, Syn. Troeh. p. 54; Eudes-Desl. Ann. Mus. 
Caen, i. p. 229; Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 304, 1885, p. 102. 
Boissoneaua matthewsi, Beich. Troeh. Enum. p. 8, pL 788. n 4832


33. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, brighter and 
more glittering on the crown; under surface dark chestnut, paler 
on the throat, where each feather bears a glittering green spot;. 
central rectrices bronze-green, laterals chestnut with bronze-green 
tips ; edge of the outermost primary and under wing-coverts chestnut; 
biU black. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 2*8; tail, 
central rectrices 0*6, lateral 1*75; bill 0*9. 

Female. Like the male. 
Yowig birds aro dusky beneath, each feather with a dull green 

374 
TBOCUILI. 

spot; amongst these the chestnut feathers of the adult are gradually 
assumed. 
Hab. Ecuador and Southern Peru. 

a, b. Ad. sk.
c. Ad.; d, e. 
Intae, Ecuador (Buckley), 
Quito, Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Gould Ooll. 
Juv. sk. 
f-l. Ad. sk.
m. Ad. sk, 
Baiios, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Ecuador, 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
w. Ad. sk.
o. Ad. sk. 
Rio Verde, Ecuador (Buckley), 
" Banks of the Maraiion" 
Gould Ooll. 
Gould Coll. 
p. Ad. sk.
q. 2 ad. sk.
r. j ad.sk.
(Warszewiez). 
Tambillo, Peru (Jekki). 
Tambillo {Stolzmann). 
fluiro, Peru, June (H. Whitely). 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

3. Panoplites flaYescens. 
Trochilus flavescens, Lodd. P. Z. S. 1832, p. 7; Gray, HantU. B. 
i. p. 141. 
Ornismya paradisea, Botes. Hev. Zool. 1840, p. 6. 
Amazilius flavescens, Bp. Consp. i. p. 78. 
Boibsoneaua flavescens, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 11; id. Troch. Enum* 
p. 8, pi. 787. ff. 4830-31. 
Clytolsema flavescens, Bp. Mev. Zool. 1854, p. 254. 
Panoplites flavescens, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. Il l (Oct. 1854); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 80; id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; Cab. § Heine, 
Mu8. Hein. iii. p. 74 ; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 294 ; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, 

p. 376; Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 10 5 id. Syn. Troch. p. 54; Mvk. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Moueftes, ii. p. 235 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 
p. 213; Scl. 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 529; Eudes-Desl Ann. Mm. 
Caen, 1. p. 228; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 321. 
Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green ; crown and 
under surface glittering green; under tail-coverts buff; central 
rectrices dark green, laterals buff tipped and edged with dark green ; 
edge of the outermost primary and under wing-coverts chestnut; bill 
black. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 3 ; tail, central rectrices 
1-5, lateral T8 5 bill 0*9. 

Female. Like the male. 

Young birds have the feathers generally edged with buff. 

Hab. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. Ad. sk. Medellin, Colombia (T. K. Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Cauca Valley (Salmon). Gould Coll. 
c-m.Ad.sk. 
Colombia (B'ogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

n. Ad, sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o. Ad. sk. Citado, Ecuador (Buckley), Gould Coll. 
p, q. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
r-y. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

105 . SPATHTTRA. 
375 
105. SPATHUEA. 
Type. 
Trochilus (Ocreatus), Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 86 ., S. addae. 
Spathura, Gould, Mon. Troch. pi. 164 (June 1849) S. peruana. 
Steganurus, Reich. Av. Syst. Nat pi. xl. (Dec. 1849) 
Steganura, Reich. Aufz. d. Cot p. 8 S". underwoodi. 
Uralia, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 81 (1865) S. solstitialis. 

Range. Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia. 

Ocreatus, Gould, was never used as a generic term. Spathura; 
Gould, antedates Steganurus, Eeich., by six months, though the 
latter name has been generally used of late years. I now restore 
Spathura to its proper place. 

Key to the Species, 

a. Tibial tufts white. 
a'. Chin like the throat, glittering green underwoodi, p. 375. 
b'. Chin black T melananthera, p. 376. 
h. Tibial tufts rufous. 
c. 
Lateral rectrices long, spatules more elongated 
j bases of the feathers of the under 
surface dusky. 
a". Outer web of the lateral rectrices greyish, solstitialis, p. 377. 
b". Outer web of the lateral rectrices steel-
blue like the rest of the feather peruana, p. 378. 

d'. 
Lateral rectrices shorter, spatules rounder 
or more transverse; bases of the feathers 
of the under surface white addce, p. 378. 


1. Spathura underwoodi. 
Ornismya underwoodi, Less. Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 105, pi. 37 ; id. 

Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxv. 
Ornismya kieneri, Less. Hist. Nat Troch. p. 165, pi. 65. 
Trochilus ( ) cahgatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 14. 
Spathura underwoodi, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 162 (June 1849); 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 99; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80; id. Rev. Zool. 
1854, p. 256; Set Cat Am. B. p. 300; Muls. § Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. 81; Set $ Salu. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 169; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, 

p. 376. 
Steganura underwoodi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. Enwn. 
p. 5, pi. 707. ff. 4596-7; Set $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 335, 1879, 
p. 529; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 66; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 142; Bert J.f. 
Om. 1884, p; 311,1887, p. 328. 
Steganura reniigera, Reich. Aufz. d. Cot p. 8; id. Troch. Enum. p. 5ypi. 708.ff. 4601-2. 
Steganura spatuligera, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. pp. 8, 24; id. Troch. 

Emm. p. 5, pi. 708. ff. 4598-9-600. 
Steganurus remigerus, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 67. 
Trochilus underwoodi, Gray, Hand-t B. i. p. 144. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, tinged with 
bronze on the forehead ; throat and breast glittering grass-green; 
abdomen and under tail-coverts shining grass-green; tibial tuft* 

376 
TKUCJBLIU. 

pure white; tail steel-blue, central rectrices shining green and 
bpatules tipped with green, outer web of the outermost rectrix 
gre)ish: biii black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 1*6: tail, 
central rectrices 0*7, lateral 2*9 ; bill 0*5. 

Female. Upper surface a little lighter than that of the male; 

under surface white, the leathers of the sides of the neck and the 

Hanks each with a shining green diseal spot; under tail-coverts 

pale rufous; tibial tufts white; central rectrices green, the rest 

bteel-blue, grey at the base and tipped with green on the upper 

side, the outermost pair tipped with white. Central rectrices 

0*7 inch, lateral 1*3. 

This bird is usually called JS. underwaodi, Less., but the propriety 

of so doing is open to doubt. Lesson's figure shows a white band 

on the rump, no such character being borne by any JSpathura. 

In Goulds collection I find a female specimen marked "# . assiura, 
Bogota*' (seep. 377). It has the left lateral rectrix developed 
somewhat like that of the type of S. cissiura, but is not quite so 
long. The tibial tults are white, and I have no doubt it is an 
androgynous female of &. undenvoodi. 

Rah. Venezuela and Colombia. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela (Salle). C4ould Coll. 
b. J ad. sk. Venezuela. 
E. Dyson [0.], 
c. $ ad. sk. Venezuela. 
Purchased. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Venezuela (Goerinff). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. cS juv. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
f-h. d ad. • i. $ Medeilin, Colombia (T. K. Salvin-Godman & 

ju\.; ;, k. 2 Salmon). 
Gould Culls 

ad. bk. 

l-r. J ad.; s-w. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman k 

<$ juv. • x-b'. 
Gould Coil-% 

S ad. bk. 

c', d'. $ ad. ht. [Venezuela.] 
Purchased. 

2. Spatlrara melananthera. 
Trochilus (Spathura) melananthera, Jard. Contr. Orn. 1851, p. Ill, 
pi. 20. 
Disciira melananthera, Bp. Co?isp. At. i. p. 70 • id. Bev. Zool. lfco4, 

p. "26(5. 
Steganura melananthera, Eeich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch. B?2itm. 
p. 5, pi. 710. ff. 4608-4) ; Muls. Mist. Kat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 257 ; 
id. Ann. tioc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224; Elliot, 6'yn. Troch. p. 142: 
Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 305. 
Spathura melananthera, 
Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 163 (Sept. 18*39); 
id.Intr. Troch. p. 100 • id. P. Z S. 1870, p. 803; 8cl. P.Z.8. 
1860, p. 95; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 300; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 61. 
Steganurus melanantherus, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 60. 
Trochilus melanantherus, Gray, jkand-l. B. i. p. 144. 
Adult male. Very similar to that of 8. undenvoodi, but with the 
chin and the region under the eye black, and the spatules of the 

105. SrATHURA. 
#77 
lateral rectrices rather smaller. The under surface of the female 
is much whiter and less spotted with green discal spots. 

Bab. Ecuador. 

a. 
d ad.; b. $ Pallatanoa, Ecuador, Oct., Nov. Sclater Coll. 
ad. fek. (Fraser). 
c. 
S ad.; d. 2 Nanegal, Ecuador (Fraser). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
e. <$ ad. sk. Monji, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. 6 ad.; y. $ Citado, Ecuador {Buckley). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
h-j. tf ad.; k, I Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
m, n. S ad. sk. Ecuador [Buckley). Gould Coll. 

o. J ad. sk. Ecuador. 
Gould Coll. 
3. Spatlrara solstitialis. 
Spatkura solstitialis, Gould, Ann. fy Mag. N. II. 1871, viii. p. 62 ; 

id. Man. Troch.,tiuppl, pi. 37 (Jan. 1881). 

Steganurus solstitialis, Muls. Hist. Nat. OisrMouches} iii. p. 260; id. 

Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 142; 

Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 824; Tacz. Sf Berl. P. Z. S. Ib86, p. 102. 

Spathura cissiura, Gould, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 109; id. Mon. Troch. iii. 

pi. 166 (May I860); id. Intr. Troch. p. 100. 

Steganurus cissiurus, Cab.ty Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 66. 

Uraiia cissiura, Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 81; Muls. Hist. Nat. 

Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 265, iv. p. 220. 
Wteganura cissiura, Elliot, Syn, Troch. p. 144; Tacz. Orn. Per. i 

p. 829. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; throat and 

bieast glittering grass-green; abdomen and under tail-coverts 

shining grass-green ; tibial tufts rufous; central rectrices green 

like the back, lateral steel-blue, the outer web of the outer rectrices 

gre}ish; bill black. Total length about 4-8 inches, wing 1*75 ; 

tail, central rectrices 0*75, lateral ^-8 ; bill 0*6. 

Female. Bather lighter than the male on the upper surface; 

under surface white, each feather of the sides of the throat and the 

flanks with a shining green discal spot; tibial tufts and under tail-

coverts pale rufous; central rectrices green, lateral steel-blue, grey 

at the base and tipped with white; bill black. 

8. cissiura, Gould, is, I feel sure, an androgynous female of this 
species. The outer webs of the outer rectrices are greyish as in the 
normal male. That the type of 8. cissiura is not a young male 
appears certain from the fact that a young male before me has on one 
side the outer rectrix like the female, whilst that on the other is a 
growing feather like that of the adult male. The type of 8. cissiura 
$ does not differ from that of 8. solstitialis. 
JS. cissiura is no doubt the older title for this species, but as it 
was based upon an erroneous conception, 1 prefer to retain the 
name 8. solstitialis for this bird. 

Hab. Ecuador and Peru. 

378 
TR0CH1LT. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. Santa Inez, Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
c, $ ad. j d. $ San Jos<3, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

e. c?ad.;/-2. g Ecuador (Buckley), Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
/. § a<i. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
'&. (S juv. sk. Peru? (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. 
£ d juv.; w. $ Peru (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. (Types 

ad. sk. 
of & cissiura.) 

4. Spathura peruana. 
Spathura peruana, 6roi</d, Jfofl. 
Troch. iii/pl. 164 (June 1849) ; id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 100; id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 803; Bp. Consp. Av. I 

p. 80; id. Rev. Zool 18o4, p. 2o6; Muh. § Terr. Class. Troch. 
p. 81; Whitely, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 784. 
•Steganura peruana, Reich. Aitfz. d. Col. p. 8; «tf. Troch. JO/ntm. p. <5, 
pi. 709. ff. 460(3-7 ; -E7/?V, #yw. 7V<*tf. p. 14:i ; TVro. P. Z. S. 1874, 
p. -544, 1879, p. 238; 2& OJTZ. Per. i. p. 327; J/M&. Hid. Xat. 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 201, iv. p. 220. 
•Steganurus peruanus, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 06. 
Himalia peruana, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224, 
Adult male. Very similar to that of /V. solstitialis, but wirh the 
outer web of the outermost rectrices steel-blue like the rest of the 
feather. 

Hab. Peru. 

a. <$ juv. sk. lluasampilla, Peru, April (H, Gould Coll. 
Whitely). 
b. <$ ad.; c. £ ad. sk. Peru ( Warszeioiez). Gould Coll, 
d. <S ad.; e. § ad. sk. [Peru.] 
Gould Coll5. 
Spathura addsB. 
Trochilus addos, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 312; Gray, Hand-l, B. 
i. p. 144. 
Trochilus (Ocreatus) rufocaligatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 86. 
Spathura rufocaligata, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. ICo (June 1849) ; 
id. Mr. Troch. p. 100; Muls.Sf Verr. Class. Troch. p. 81. 

Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 263, iv. p. 220; Elliot, Sun. 
Troch. p. 143; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 326. 
Himalia addse, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; throat and breast 
glittering green; abdomen shining green, the bases of the feathers 
of whole under surface white ; under tail-coverts green, with wide 
buff margins; tibial tufts rufous; central rectrices green like the 
back, lateral purple-brown, the spatules steel-blue: bill black. 
Total length about 4*4 inches, wing 1-7; tail, central rectrices 0-7, 
lateral 2-2; bill 0-7. 

Female. Under surface white, each feather of the throat and 

100 . REOBOPIS. 
370 
flanks with a shining green discal spot; tibial tufts and under tail-
coverts buff; lateral rectrices steel-blue, grey at the base and tipped 
with white. Central rectrices 0*7 inch, lateral 1*1. 

Hah, Bolivia. 
a-c.
ec? 
ad.; d. Jad. sk.
g. $ ad ; h. Jad. sk. 
Bolivia (Bridges ?). 
types 
Bolivia (Buckley). 
Gould Coll. 
of $• rufocaligata.) 
Gould Coll. 
(Probably the 
i.
j . 
(S ad, sk. 
§ ad. bk. 
Bellavista,
(Buckley). 
Tilotilp, B(Buckley). 
Boliviaolivia 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

106. 
RHODOPIS. 
Type. 
Calliphlox y. Rhodopis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col, p. 12 R, vesper. 
Rhodopis, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 154 (May 1850) ... . R. vesper. 
Amathusia (Rhodopis), Muls. $• Verr. Class. Troch p. 85 
(1865) R. vesper. 
Range. Western Peru and Northern Chili. 

Key to the Sjjecies. 

a. Larger; wing 2*15 
vesper, p. 879. 
b. Smaller; wing 1*95 
atacamensis, p. 380. 
1. Rhodopis vesper. 
Ornismya vesper, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xv, 85, pi. 19; 

id. Traits d'Orn. p. 273 ; d'Orb. $* Lafr, Syn. Av. li. p. 28. 
Trochilus vesper, Less. hid. Gen. Troch. p. xxiv. 
Thaumastura vesper, Bp. Compt Rend. xxx. p. 383 j id. Consp. Av. 

i. p. 85. 
Calliphlox y. Rhodopis vespera, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12 ; id. Troch. 
Emim. p. 10, pi. 841.ff. 4984-5. 
Lucifer vesper, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
Rhodopis vesper, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 154 (May 1856); id. 

Intr. Troch. p. 94; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 987; Nation, 

P. Z. S. 1871, p. 498; Elliot, Ibis, 1877, p. 137; id. Syn. Troch. 
p. 115; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 23; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 226; Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 31(3. 
Rhodopis vesper, Cab. ty Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 55; Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 299; id. P. Z. S. 1869, p. 148; Scl. £ Solo. P. Z. S. 
1868, p. 569. 

Amathusia (Rhodopis) vespera, Muls. Sf Verr. Class. Troch. p. 85. 
Calothorax vesper, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 135. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining olive-green, darker and browner 
on the crown and forehead; a band of rufous across the rump: 
throat glittering reddibh amethyst, passing into pale glittering blue 
on the sides in certain incidence of light; rest of the under surface 
dingy white; flanks washed with shining green; central rectrices 

380 
TKOCHILI. 

dark brown, lateral darker; bill black. Total length about 5-2 
inches, wing 2-15; tail, central rectrices OS, lateral 2 ; bill 1*35. 

Female. Similar to the male on the upper surface, the central 
rectrices shining olive-green, the lateral steel-blue, the basal half 
grey and tipped with white; central rectrices 1 inch, pair nest the 
outermost 1*45. 

Hah. Western Per a. 

a, b. S juv. sk. Lima; Peru {Nation). Sclater Coll. 

c. <$ juv. sk. Islay, Peru, Oct. (H. Whiiely). Gould Coll. 
d-h. <$ ad. j i, Arequipa, Peru, March, May, Salvin-Gudman & 
j. J ad. sk. June, July (H. Whitelxj). Gould Colls. 
k.' (S ad. sk. * Purchased. 
2. Kbodopis atacamensis. 
Trochilus atacamensis, Leybold, An. Univ. de Santiago* Chile, xxxii. 
p. 43 (1869). 
Rhodopis atacamensis, Martens, J. f. Orn. 1875, p. 442 ; Mvte. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouche.% iv. p. 26; id. Ann. Sac. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 22ty j 
Elliot, Si/n. Troeh. p. 116. 

Rhodopis ?, Solo. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 425. 

Adult male. Very similar to that of It. vesper, but the dimensions 
decidedly smaller. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 1*95 ; tail, 
central rectrices 07, lateral 1*75; bill 0*9. 

Female. Also smaller than that sex of R. vesper, and the subterminal 
band of steel-blue on the outer rectrices very narrow. 
Hob. Northern Chili and Southern Peru. 

a. 
(S ad. sk. Atacama, Chili (Leybold). Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. § a(i-skPayta, 
Peru, Nov. (A. H. Mark- JSalvin-Godoian Coll. 
ham). 

107. 
DORICHA. 
Type. 
Calliplilox (3. Doricha, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12 D. eoicura. 
Amathusia, Mute. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 8o (1865) 1). enicura. 
Amatlmsia (Egolia), Mute, fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 80 
(1865) D. evelyme. 
Mange. Southern Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica and Panama,, 
and the Bahama Islands. 


Key to the Species. 

a. Outermost rectrices wholly purple-black, the inner 
webs of the next pair edged with rufous. 
a'. Throat glittering amethystine-purple; tail very 
long and straight; lateral rectrices of $ tipped 
with white enicura, p. 3S\. 

b'. Throat glittering ruby-red; tail moderate. 

a". Bill very long; outer rectrices wide, straight; 
base of the wings beneath not dark rufous; 
lateral rectrices of J tipped with white elka, p. S8± 

107 . DORICHA. 381 
b". Bill shorter; outer rectrices narrower; base of 
the wings beneath dark rufous; lateral rectrices 
of $ tipped with rufous. 


a"\ Outer rectrices straight; forehead and crown 
dark shining green evelynce, p. 383. 

b'". Outer rectrices curved outwardly; forehead 
and edge of the ruby throat glittering 
bluish red lyrura, p. 383. 

Outermost rectrices like [the next pair, edged with 
rufous on the inner web; lateral rectrices of J 
tipped with rufous bryantce, p. 384. 

1. Doricha enicura. 
Trochilus enicurus, Vieill. N. Diet, d'Hist. N. xxiii. p. 430; id. JEnc. 
Meth. p. 560. 
Ornismya heteropygia, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxi, 72, 

pi. 15; Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 97. 
Trochilus heteropygia, Less. Incl Gen. Troch. p. xxxii. 
Trochilus swainsoni, Less. Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 167, pi. 66. 
Calothorax henicurus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 85; Gray, Hand-l, B. i. 

p. 133. 
Thaumastura enicura, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 157 (Oct. 1852); 
ScL <§* Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 129; Salv. Ibis, 1860, pp. 196, 263, 264; 
Sol Cat. Am. B. p. 299 ; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 203. 

Oalliphlox 0. Doricha enicura, Beich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Troch. 

Enum. p; 10, pi. 840. ft 4981-3. 
Lucifer enicurus, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
Myrtis henicura, Cab. <§• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 59. 
Doricha enicura, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 95; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 

p. 124. 
Amathusia enicura, Muls. <§• Verr. Class. Troch. p. i5. 
Amalusia enicura, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 16; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225. 
Doricha henicura, Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 365. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, darker and 
duller on the crown; chin, ear-coverts, and the intervening space 
under the eye black, faintly tinged with shining green; throat 
glittering amethystine-purple; breast buffy white; abdomen and 
under tail-coverts shining green; six middle rectrices shining green 
like the back, outer two on either side purple-black, the pair next 
the outermost edged with rufous on the inner web; bill black. 
Total length about 4*7 inches, wing 1*3; tail, central rectrices 0-37, 
lateral 2-4 ; bill 0*8. 

Female. Like the male on the upper surface; the head duller, and 
the middle of the back more bronzy green; under surface pale 
rufous ; lores and space below the eye blackish brown; four middle 
rectrices shining green like the back; the rest rufous at the base, 
white at the tip, preceded by a wide subterminal black band; bill 
black. Central rectrices 0*6 inch, outer 1. 

Hob. Guatemala. 

382 THOCHILL 

a-~d. $ ad.; e, Dueiias, Guatemala, Feb., Aug., Salvin-Godman & 

/. ? ad. sk. & Nov. (0. Salvin). Sclater Colls. 

#. d ad.; h,i. Coban, Guatemala, Feb., Nov., Salvin-Godman Coll. 

d juv. ; J. $ Dec. (0. & # F D. G.). 

ad. sk. 

k. cS juv. sk. Vera Paz, Guatemala (JT. Hague). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
l-7i. ($ ad.; o, Guatemala (Skinner). Gould Coll. 
p. $ ad. sk. 
#. c? juv. sk. Guatemala (Fara Patten). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2. Doricha elizse. 
Trochilus eliza, Zea*. £ 2)*Z. ifew. J^ooZ. 18.39, p. 20. ^ 
Lucifer £. Myrtis eliza, Heidi. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 ; id. Trock. JEnum, 

p. 10, pi. 845. S. 499G-8. 
Lucifer eliza, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
Thaumastura elizas, Gould, Mori. Troch. iii. pi. loo (May 1857) ; 
Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 289; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 17, pi. 
Dorica elizge, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 94; Billot, Si/n. Troch. p. 125; 
Eoueard, P. Z. S.1883, p. 451; Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U. & Nat Mm. 

ix. p. 157. 
Amatnusia (Doricha) elizse, Huh. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 85. 
Calothorax elizse, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 135. 
Amatlmsia (Doricha) elizse, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. 
p. 20. 
Amalusia elizse, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, duller on the 

crown; throat glittering ruby-red; a dusky spot below the eye ; 

breast and middle of the abdomen white; flanks washed with 

shining golden green; under tail-coverts white tinged with buff; 

four central rectrices shining olive-green, the three lateral on either 

side purple-black, all but the outermost pair edged on the inner 

web with rufous; bill black. Total length about 3*9 inehes, wing 

1*45 ; tail, central rectrices 0*4, lateral 1*5; bill 0*9. 

Female. Upper surface like that of the male, but rather brighter; 
under surface white faintly tinged with buff, darker on the flanks; 
three lateral rectrices on either side pale rufous at the base, white 
at the tip, and with a distinct black subterminal band. 

Young male. Like the female, but with the apical spots of the 
lateral rectrices smaller, and the subterminal black band wider. 
Hal. Southern Mexico, Yucatan, and the islands adjoining. 

a-c. <$ ad.; d. Jalapa, Mexico (de Oca). Gould & Sclater 
$ ad. sk. Colls. 

e. J ad. sk. Cordova, Mexico [Salle). Gould Coll. 
/. Jad.sk. Sisal, Yucatan, May (Dr. Schott). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g, h. S ad. sk. Northern Yucatan (G. F. Gau- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
met). 
i7 j. <$ ad.; A;. Holbox I., Yucatan, Dec. (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
S juv. sk. Gowner). 

I. <S ad. sk. Mexico. Purchased. 
107. BoRicni. 
m 

3. Doricha evelynae. 
Trochilus evelynse, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 44. 
Lucifer 8. Calothorax evelynoe, Reich. Avfz. d. Col p. 13. 
Thaimiastura evelynae, Gould, Mon. Troch. in. pi. 150 (May 1861). 
Doricha evelynse," Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 95; JElliot, Ibis, 1872? 


p, 353; id,"8yn. Troch. p. 125; Muh. Mist Nat. Ois.-Motwhes, iv. 

p. 38, pi. 106. f. 3; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 226; Cory, 
Birds Bahama Z§. p. 108 ; id. Birds West hid. p. 150 ; Northrop, 
Auk, viii. p. 73. 
Trochilus banana ensis, Bryant, Br. Bost. Soc. N. H. vii. p. 100. 
Amatbusia (Egolia) evelynse, Muh. 8? Verr. Class. Troch. p. 86. 

Adult male. Upper surface (including the forehead) shining 
golden green; throat glittering ruby-red, passing into bluish red on 
the sides and lower edge; breast white ; abdomen rufescent, washed 
(especially on the flanks) with shining golden green; under tail-
coverts pale rufous; a patch of dark rufous at the base of the 
wings, and spreading over the proximal coverts; central pair of 
rectrices shining green, the next pair purple-black, edged with 
green, the outermost pair wholly purple-black, and the intermediate 
two on each side rufous on the inner web to and including the 
shaft towards the base, nearly to the shaft towards the tip; bill 
black. Total length about 3*7 inches, wing 1*5; tail, central 
rectrices 0*6, lateral 1-25 ; bill 0*7. 

Female. Upper surface like that of the male; under surface 
dingy white, more rufescent on the abdomen and under tail-coverts ; 
lateral rectrices rufous at the base and tip, and with a wide subterminal 
black band. 

Hah. Bahamas, New Providence and Andros Is. 

a. 
$ ad. &k. Nassau, Bahamas (ex G.N Law- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
rence). 
b. 
5 ad. sk. Nassau (Blahe). Sclater Coll. 
e-i. 
<$ ad.;J.h. Bahamas. Gould & Sclater 
$ ad. sk. Colls. 

4. Doricha lyrura. 
Doricha lyrura, 
Gould, Ann. fy Maq. N II. 1869, iv. p. Ill; id. 
Mon. Troch. Suppl. pi. 54 (Jan. 1881); BUM, Ibis, 1872, p. 354; 
id. 8yn. Troch. p. 126; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 41 j 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 226; Cory, Birds Bahama Is. 

p. 110; id. Birds West Ind. p. 150. 
Adult male. Similar to that of D. evelynce, but with the lateral 
rectrices narrower, longer than the next pair, and slightly curved 
outwards towards the tip ; the forehead too is glittering bluish 
red like the edges of the ruby throat. 

Female. Similar to that sex of D. evelynw. 
Young male. Throat buff, the glittering feathers appearing irregularly 
over the surface; the outer rectrices are almost wholly 
rufous on the inner web. 
Hah. Bahamas, Long Island and Magna I, 

384: 
TEOCHILT. 
«*. $ ad.; b. <$ Bahamas. H. Bryant [P.]. 
juv.; c.J ad. 
sk. 


d. S 
ad.; e. J Bahamas (JET. Bryant). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.;/.? ad. 
sk. 
g-k. S ad.; l~ Bahamas (&. Bryant). Gould & Sclater 

n. tfjuv.; o, 
Colls. 
p. 2 ad. sk. 
q, r. $ ad. sk. Long Island, Bahamas. Gould Coll. 
s-v. cf ad.; w~ InaguaI., Bahamas (/. Maynarcl Salvin-Godman Coll. 
y, $ ad. sk. ex C. B. Cory). 

5. Doriclia bryantse. 
Doricha bryantse, Laior. Ann. Lyc. 2V.Y viii. p. 48-3, it. p. 12:3; 
Frantz. J.f.O.n. 1869, p. 316; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 209 ; Muh. 
Hist Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 42, pi. 10*3; id. Ann. Soe. Limi, 
Lyon, xxii. p. 226; Boueard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 70; Elliot, 8yn. 
Troch. p. 125; Gould, Mon. Troch., Sitppl. pi. 53 (Jan. 1881). 

Calothorax bryantee, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. Itf5. 

.4<#MZ2 waZe. Upper surface dark shining golden green; throat 
glittering dark ruby-red; breast white : abdomen dusky ; flanks 
and under tail-coverts rufous, "washed with shining golden green; 
central rectrices dark shining olive-green, next pair olive-green on 
the outer web, purple-black on the inner; all the remaining rectrices 
purple-black, edged with rufous on the inner web; bill 
black. Total length about 3*7 inches, wing 1*6; tail, central rectrices 
0*45, lateral 1-4 ; bill 0-7. 

Female. Similar to the male on the upper surface; under surface 
pale rufous, darker on the throat, flanks, and under tail-coverts, 
paler on the breast and the middle of the abdomen ; lateral rectrices 
rufous at the base and tip, and with a wide subterminal purple-
black band. 

Young male. Similar to the female, the glittering throat-feathers 
appearing irregularly. 
Hah. Costa Rica and the State of Panama. 

a. S 
ad.* b. S Costa Rica (Endres). Gould Coll. 
juv.; c~f. 2 
ad. sk. 
g. <S juv. sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. <$ ad. sk. Volcan de Chiriqui (ArcS). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i-o. 
<$ ad.; p. Castillo, Panama (ArcS). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

ad. sk. 
r-t. S ad. sk. Laguna del Castillo, Panama Salvin-Godman & 
(Arc4). Gould Colls. 

u. S ad. sk. Boquete de Chitra, Panama (ArcS). Gould Coll. 
108 . TILMATURA. 
385 

108. 
TILMATURA. 
Type. 
Tryphsena, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 158 (June 1849) 
(nee Ochsenheimer, 1816) , T. duponti. 
Tilmatura, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8 T. duponti. 

Range. Southern Mexieo and Guatemala. 

1. Tilmatura duponti. 
Ornismya duponti, Less. Suppl Ois.-Mouches, p. 100, pi. 1; de Oca. 
La Nat. iii. p. 103. 
Troehilus duponti, Less. Ind. G$?i. Troch. p. xxiv; Gray. Hand-l B. 

i. p. 146. 
Ornismya eoelestis, Less. Traite d?0m. p. 276. 
Ornismya zemes, Less. Rev. Zool 1838, p. 315. 
Tryphaena duponti, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 84; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. 
pi. 158 (June 1849); id. Intr. Troch. p. 97; Sol # Salv. Ibis, 
1859, p. 129; Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. 266; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 79; Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 360. 
Tilmatura lepida, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8: id. Troch. Enum. p. 5, 
pi. 711. if. 4610-4. 
Tlaaumastura duponti, Bp. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 257. 
Tilmatura duponti, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. JZein. iii. p. 59; Scl Cat. 

Am. B. p. 300; Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 205; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Moivches, iv. p. 11, pi. 101; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 224 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 128; Ferrari-Perez, Pr. U.S. Nat. 
Mus. ix. p. 157. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; throat black, 
each feather edged with glittering violet-blue; breast white; abdomen 
shining grass-green; the feathers of the lower abdomen and 
the under tail-coverts edged with white; four central rectrices 
shining green, next pair dark purple-black, edged outwardly with 
green, tipped with white, and with a white notch on the inner web; 
two outer rectrices on either side purple-black at the base, followed 
by a band of rufous, then one of white, then a dark one, and the tip 
white; the outermost and longest pair are reduced in width towards 
the tip, and expand slightly again to form a small spatule; bill 
black. Total length about 3-8 inches, wing 1*4; tail, central 
rectrices 0*35, lateral 1-9 ; bill 0-6. 

Female. Upper surface bronzy green; lores and under surface 
rufous, darker below the eye, on the flanks, and under tail-coverts; 
central rectrices shining green; lateral purple-black, tipped with 
rufous, which becomes nearly white on the outermost pair. Central 
rectrices 0*55 inch, lateral 0*85. 

Hab. Southern Mexico and Guatemala. 

«• 6 juv.; b}e. Mexico ? Purchased. 
$ ad.sk. 

d. tf ad.; e. $ Volcan de Oolima, Mexico, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (W. B. Richardson). 
VOL. xvi. 2 c 

386 TEOCHILI, 

/-•k. g ad.; /, Amula, Guerrero, Aug. (Mrs. H Salvin-Godman Coll. 

m. § ad. sk. H. Smith). 
n,, J ad. sk. Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. H H Smith). 

0. rf juv. sk. Jalapa, Mexico, May (31. Tm- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
jillo). 
<$ ad. sk. Los Cerillos, Jalapa, June (31. T). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
<$ ad. sk. Cuesta de Misantla, Jalapa, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(M. T). 
r--c'. <3 ad.; d'. Yolcan de Sta. Maria, Quezal- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
6 juv.; e',f. tenango, Guatemala, Aug., 
2 ad. sk. Sept. (W. B. Richardson). 


9'.tfad.; A'. 2 Coban, Guatemala, Nov. ( 0. Sal- Sah in-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. vin). 
i'. J ad. sk. San Geronimo, Guatemala (0. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
. $ ad. sk. Vera Paz, Guatemala {H Salvin-Godman Coll. 

?• 

Hague). 
k'. tf ad. sk. Guatemala (0. S.). Sclater Coll. 
T-V. c? ad.; 0', Guatemala (Skinner). Gould Coll. 

p'-6frv.\q\ 
r'. 2 ad. sk. 
s!. <5 ad.; t\ 2 Purchased. 
ad. st. 

109. CALLIPHLOX. 
Type. 
Calliphlox, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 344 C. amethystina. 
Amathusia (Philodice), Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. 

p. 86 (1865) C. initehelli. 
Range. Trinidad, Venezuela, Guiana, Amazonia, Brazil, and 
Eastern Ecuador. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tbroat glittering rosy red; outermost rectrices 
longest, pointed amethystina, p. 386. 
b. Throat more tinted with purple; outermost rectrices 
and the next pair equal mitehefli, p. 388. 
1. Calliphlox amethystina. 
Trochilus amethystinus, Gm. Sysi. Nat. i. p. 496; Leak. Ind. Orn. 
p. 319; VieilL N. Diet oVHist. N. vii. p. 358; id. Enc. Miih. 
p. 561; Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 90; Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxxiii; 
Gray, JELand-l. B. i. p. 146. 
Trochilus brevicauda, Spix, Av. Bras. i. p. 79, pi. 80. f. 2. 
Trochilus campestris, Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 73. 
Ornismya amethvstina, Less. Hist. Wat. Ois.-Motwhes, pp. xvi, 150, 

pi. 47; Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 138, pis. 20, 21, 22. 
Ornismya amethystoides, Less. Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 79, pis. 25, 26,27. 
Trochilus amethystoides, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxxiii: Gray, 

Hand-IB. Iv. 246. 
Tryphsena amethystina, Bp. Consp. i. p. 84; id. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 257. 
Tryphasna amethystoides, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 84: id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 257. f 
Calliphlox amethTStina, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12; id. Troch. Enum* 
p. 10r pi. 838. #4976-8; Gould, Mon. Troch. ill pL 159 (Sept, 
109 . CALLIPHLOX. 
387 

ISOQ); id. Mr. Track, p. 97; Cab. £f Seine, Mus. Hein. hi p 58 -
ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 300: Set. $ b'alu, R Z. S. 1867 p 753' 
1873, p. 288; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 32; Beinh. Tide?ish. Medd. Natl 
For. Kjub. 1870, p. 110; Muls. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouckes, iv. p. 45 * 
id. Ann. Soc. Lhm. Zycm, xxii. p. 226; Elliot, Ibis, 187Q, p. 398; 
id. Sym. Track, p. 130; Salv. Cat. StrichL Coll. p, 365; id. Ibis 
1885, p. 434; Tacz. Orn. Ber. i. p. 317; Allen. Bull. Am.'Mus 

N. E. iv. p. 258. 
Calliphlox ametliystoIdest Meick. Aitfz. d. Col p. 12; id. Troch. 
Enitm. p, 10, pi. 831). £ 4979-80; Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 359 j 
Gouid^ I/ifr. Truck, p. OS. 

Amalhusia (Caliipliloxj amethvstoides, Mtds. §- Terr. Class. Troch 

p. 88. 
Amathusia (CallipMox) amethvstinus, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch 
p. 80, 
Calothorax enicurus, Beat Ois. Trim. p. 143 {nee VieilL). 
Adult male. Upper surface shining olive-green; throat glittering 
rosy red; breast white; abdomen aDd under tail-coverts dusky, 
washed with green; central rectrices shining olive-green, lateral 
purple-black, slightly tipped with green on the inner web; bill 
black. Total length about 3*3 inches, wing 1-3; tail, central 
rectrices 0*6, lateral 1-2 ; bill 0*7. 


Female. Under surface grey, paler on the breast and under tail-
coverts, sides washed with rufous; feathers of the throat with 
dusky discal spots; central rectrices shining olive-green like the back, 
lateral purple-black, greenish at the base and tipped with white. 


Ymng malm are more rufous on the abdomen than the female, 
and have the lateral rectrices tipped with rufous. 
Hob. Trinidad and Venezuela, Guiana, Ecuador, Amazonia to 
Southern Brazil. 


a. 
S ad. sk. Jima, Ecuador (BucMey). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. <$ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e-A. £ ad. sk. Amazons Valley (E. Bartlett). Gould Coll. 
i-k. t$ ad. sk. Demerara. Gould Coll. 
/, m. d ad. sk. Brit. Guiana. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. 
S ad* sk. Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. WMtely). 
o7p. S ad«; <?• Merume" Mts., Brit. Guiana, Julv Salvin-Godman & 
<J juv. sk. (JET. Whiiely). " Sclater Colls. 
r7 $. S ad.; L Cayenne sMns. Gould Coll. 
(S juv. sk. 

u. S 
ad.; v. d Trinidad. Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 
w. 6 
ad. ; x.<3 Balu% Brazil. Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 
tj~d. S a&; &r« Mkss Geraes, Brazil. Gould Coll. 
<J juv. sk. 
</, d'. <$ ad. sk. Eio, Brazil (Youds). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
*'. $ ad. sk. Bio. Gould Coll. 

f. 
<$ ad.,* /;A'. Chapada, Matto Grosso? May & Salvin-Godman Coll 
2 ad, sk* Oct. (JK E Smith). 
H. Skeleton. Purchased. 
/-/. S ad.; mf. Purchased. 
2 
ad. st. 

2o2 

388 
TE0CHILT. 

2. CalBpMox mitchelli. 
Trochilus mitclielli, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 47; Gray, Hand-l. B. 
i. p. 143. 
Lucifer 8. Calothorax mitclielli, Beick. Aufz. cl Col. p. 13; td. Troch, 
JSnum. p. 10, pi. 848. ff. 5008-8. 
Tryphsena mitclielli, Bp. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
CallipMox mitclielli, Gould, Mon. Track, iii. pi. 160 Qlay I860) ; 

id. Intr. Troch. p. 98 ; id. Ibis, 1876, p. 399; de Oca, La Nat iii. 

p. 165; Miot, 8yn. Troch. p. 131; Mills. Mist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, 
iv. p. 49 ; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 330. 
Amathusia (Philodice) mitchelli, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 86. 
Philodice mitchelli, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 226. 
Adult male. Similar to that of C* amethystina, but with the 
glittering throat of a purple hue : the two lateral reetrices on either 
side subequal, the outermost pair less pointed, and all the reetrices 
except the central pair purple-black; a rufous patch on eifher side 
of the lower abdomen. 

Female and young male. Under surface rufous, darker on the 
flanks and under tail-coverts; lateral reetrices rufous, with a subterminal 
black band. 

Hah. Ecuador. 

<t. $ ad. sk. Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
1. $ ad. sk. Nanegal, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Oodman Coll. 
c. $ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d-h. c? ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 
%. <$ ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
j, k. S ad.; I- Quito, Ecuador (Jameson). Gould Coll. 

n. J ad. sk. 
110. 
SMAEAGKDOCHBYSIS. 
Type. 
Smaragdochrysis, Gould, Mon. Troch v. pi. 359 (Sept. 
1861) S. iridescens. 
JRange. Brazil. 
An obscure genus of doubtful affinities, only known from the 
single type from the Gould collection. 
The green colour of the plumage has no relationship to any of the 
members of this section of the Trochilidce, except it be Ptochopiera, 
the position of which again is doubtful. In form it does not difTer 
very materially from CallipMox, and I follow Mr. Elliot in placing 
it near that genus. Gould at first referred it to the same position, 
but afterwards transferred it to the end of the TrocMlidm as being 
altogether incertce sedis. 


1. Smaragdochrysis iridescens. 
CallipMox? iridescens, Gould, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 310. 
Smaragdochrysis iridescens, Goidd, Mon. Troch. v. pi. 359 (Sept 
1861) ,* id. Intr. Troch. p. 181; Muls. Mist Nat Ois.-Mouches, ii 

111 . MOCHOMEKA. 
p. 86; id. Ann. Soe. Linn. Lyon. xxii. p. 209; Elliot. Sun. Troch. 
p. 129. r * 
Chlorolampis iridescens, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 41'. 
Male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green, brighter on the 
forehead and crown; throat glittering pale green, with a coppery-
hue in certain incidence of light; abdomen and under tail-coverts 
shining dark green; tail steel-blue : maxilla black, mandible fleshcolour, 
the tip black. Total length about 3*4 inches, wing 1*55 ; 
tail, central rectrices 0*7, lateral 1*2; bill 0*7. 

Hah. Brazil. 
a. $ ad. sk^ Novo Fribourgo, Brazil (Beeves). Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 

111. PT0CH0PTEEA. 
Type. 
Ptochoptera, Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 261 P. iolsema. 
Mange. Brazil. 

1„ Ptochoptera iolaema. 

Chlorestes §. Riecordia iolaema, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 8; id. Troch, 
Enum. p. 4, pi. 705. rT. 4588-9. 
Thalurania iolsema, Feb. Orn. Bras. pp. 30, 57 ; Salv. ty Elliot, Ibis, 
1873, p. 361. 
Ptochoptera iolaenia, Elliot, Ibis, 1874, p. 261; id. Syn. Troch. p. 130; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, ii. p. 89. 

" Top of the head and nape dull dark green, entire upper parts 
grass-green, only slightly metallic. The tail-coverts are lighter 
green than the back and reach to the fork of the tail. Throat pale 
metallic grass-green. Best of underparts pale smoky brown, with 
some of the flank-feathers tipped with grass-green. Under tail-
coverts long, same colour as the abdomen, with a slight metallic 
greenish lustre on the centre of the feathers. Tail long, deeply 
forked, dark purplish brown, feathers very narrow. Wings purplish 
brown. Bill and feet black. Total length 4$ inches, wing f, tail 2, 
bill from gape f. From type of species in the Vienna Zoological 
Museum." (Elliot, I. s. c.) 

The type of this species was obtained by batterer at Ypanema in 
South Brazil. Mr. Elliot examined this type and considered it to 
belong to a distinct genus allied to JSmaragdochrysis and Calliphlox ** 
Not having a specimen for examination, I am doubtful as to the 
position of the genus, but follow Mr. Elliot in placing it here. 

Hah. Brazil. 

* It will be obberved that the eut of the tail in hip ' Synopsis' bhows the 
feathers to be wide, whereas in the description they are said to be " very narrow." 
390 
TKOCHILI. 

112. CALOTHORAX. Type < 
Calothorax, Gray, Gen. B. p. 13 (1840) C. lucifer. 
Lucifer, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. IS. 
Amathusia (Manilia), Muls. § Verr. Class. Track, p. 86 

(1865) C. pulehra. 
Ornismya (Lucifer;, Muls. § Verr. Class. Track, p. 86 
(1865; C. Inciter. 

Range, Mexico from the Central Plains to the State of Oaxaca. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Outermost rectrix filiform, gradually narrowed to a 
point ." lucifer, p. 300. 
b. Outermost rectrix normal 
pulehra, p. 391. 
1. Calothorax lucifer. 
Cynanthus lucifer, Sic. Phil. Mag. Dew ser. i. p. 442. 
Ornismya cyanopogon, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xvi, xlvi, 
50, pi. 5 ; SuppL p. 117, pis. 9, 10; id. Traite d'Orn. p. 274. 
Trochilus cyanopogon, Less. Lid. Gen. Troeh. p. xxiii; &w. Birds 
Brazil $ MM. pi. 77. 
Trochilus simplex, Less. Hist. Nat. Col. p. 86, pi. 23; id. Ind. Gin. 
Troch. p. xhi. 
Trochilus corru&cus, Licht. Preis-Verz. Mex. Vog. p. 1 (cf. J.f.O.n. 
1863, p. 55). 

Calolhorax lucifer, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 110; id. Hand-L B. i, p. 135; 
Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. bo ; Cab.fy Heine, Mm, litin. iii. p. 55; Set. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 298 ; id. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 177; Gould, Inir. Troch. 

p. 90; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 26 ; id. Ann Sac. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 2'26; Laicr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 291; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 118; Scdv. Cat. Stiickl. Coll. p. 364. 
Lucifer 8. Calothorax tendali, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Lucifer cyanopogon, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 13; id. Troch. JSnum. 

p. 10, pi 843. ff. 4990-1; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
Lucifer labrador, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 287. 
Calothorax cyanopogon, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 143 (Sept. 1857) ; 
Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 357 ; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 104 ; Boucard, 

Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 21. 
Ornismya (Lucifer) cyanopogon, Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 91. 
Trochilus lucifer, Finsch, Abh. not. Ver. zu Bremen, 1870, p. 324. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, duller on the 
crown, more golden on the rump ; throat glittering lilac-red ; breast, 
middle of the abdomen, and under tail-coverts white; flanks pale 
fulvous, washed with shining green; tail purple-black, the lateral 
rectrices tipped with white, the four central rectrices shining olive-
green ; bill black. Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 1*5 ; tail, 
central rectrices 0*6, longest 1*2 ; bill 1. 

Adult female. Under surface pale fulvous; ear-coverts dark 
brown; lateral rectrices fulvous at the base, white at the tip, and 
with a wide sub terminal black band. 

Young males like the female, the glittering gular feathers being 
gradually assumed. 
Hab, Mexico. 

113 . SELASPHGBXTS,, 
a. 
J ad. sk. Sierra de San Luis Potosi, Mex- Salvin-Godznan Coll. 
ico, July ( W. B. Richardson). 
b-f. $ ad.; g-i. Real del Monte, Mexico Salvin-Godman & 
(Floresi). Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. * 
m, n. (S juv.; o-Bolanos Jalisco, Feb. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll, 

s. J ad. sk. R.). 
t. $ ad. sk. Lake Chapala, Sept. (W. B. JR.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u-x. (S ad. sk, Valley of Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
y-b'. $ ad.; c\ Ajusco, Valley of Mexico, Sept. Salvin-Godman ColL 
$ ad. sk. (W.B.R.).
d', <$ ad. sk. San Antonio, Coapa, Valley of Salvin-Godman Coll.. 
Mexico, March (F. Ferrari-
Perez). 

e\ 
$ ad. sk. Hacienda Eslava, Valley of Salvin-Godman CtolL 
Mexico, Jan. (F. F-P.). 
/ . tf ad. sk. Tetelco, Valley of Mexico, Sept. Salvin-Godman ColL 

(F.F.-P.). ' P 
g'-i'. J ad. sk. Cordova, Mexico {SalU). Gould CoU. 
Purchased. 

j", k'. S ad.; /'. 
$ ad. sk. 

2, Calothorax pulchra. 
Calothorax pulchra, Gould, Ann. § Mag. N. H. 1859, iv. p. 97; ScL 

P. Z. S.1859, p. 386 ; Gould, Mon. TrocL iii. pi. 144 (May I860) ; 
id. Intr. Trocli. p. 91; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 105 ,* Boucard, Ann. 
Soe. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 22 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 118. 
Amathusia 
(Manilla) pulchra, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 86^ 
Mills. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 30, pi. 102. 
Manilia pulchra, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 226. 

Adult male. Similar to that of 0. lucifer, but with the lateral pair 
of rectrices normal, that is to say very slightly narrower at the tip 
than at the base. The bill is shorter and more slender, and the-
lateral gular feathers less elongated. 

Adult female. Smaller than that of O. lucifer but with smaller bill. 
Hah. Mexico, State of Oaxaca. 

a~e. $ ad.; /. £ Oaxaca, Mexico (Boucard). Gould Coll. 
juv.; g. $ ad. (Tjpes of the species.) 
&k. 

h-j. S &&-&k« Oaxaca (Salle). Salvin-Godman ColL 

Oaxaca (Fenochio). Salvin-Godman ColL 
1, m. § ad. sk. Oaxaca, March (M. Trujillo). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n~q. 2 ad. sk. Venta de Zopilote, Guerrero Salvin-Godman Coll* 

(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 
r, s. 6 ad. sk. Tehuantepec, Feb. (W. B. Salvin-Godman ColL 
Richardson). 

k. J ad. sk. 
113. SELASPHOEUS. 
Type. 
Selasphorus, Sic, Faun. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 496 (1831) S. rufus. 

Range. Western North America, Mexico, and Central America to 
CJhiriqui. 

392 TROCHILI. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Lateral gular feathers elongated. 
a'. Crown and throat glittering* red Jloresii, p. 392. 
b'. Crown shining green, throat glittering red. 
a". Bill wholly hlack. 
a'". Back cinnamon rufus, p. 392. 
//". Back like the crown glittering green alleni, p. 394. 

b". Mandibleflesh-colour at the base. 
c'". Inner web of the outer rectrices nearly 
wholly rufous scintilla, p. 395. 
d'". Inner web of the outer rectrices nearly 
wholly purple-black tomdics, p, 395. 

b. Lateral gular leathers not elongated. 
c'. Outermost primary attenuated at the end ... . platycercus, p. 396. 
df. OuterniObt primary normal. 
c". Central rectrices purple-black, edged with 
rufous at the base aniens, p. 398. 
d". Central rectrices shining green, edged with 
rufous jftammula, p. 398. 

1. Selasphorus floresii. 
Selasphoms floresii, Gould, Mon. Track, iii. pi. 189 (Sept. 1861) 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 89 ; Mxds. Sf Terr. Class. Track, p. 89; de Oca 
La Nat. iii. p. 101, pi.; Muls. Hist. Kat. Qis.-Mmiches, iv. p. 98 
id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 109, 

Trochilus floresii, Bryant, Forest § Stream, xxvi. p. 420 (1886) ; 
Chapman, Auk, 1888, p. 396. 
Trochilus rubromitratus, Hidyw. Avlc, 1891, p. 114. 

" Adult male, Cro^n and throat beautiful scarlet, with violet reflexions, 
the violet hue predominating on the crown and the tips of 
the gorget: breast and centre of the abdomen greyish white ; upper 
surface of the body and upper tail-coverts bronzy green; flanks 
similar but paler; two centre tail-feathers green, with purple reflexions 
; outer webs of the lateral tail-feathers purple, inner webs 
deep reddish buff; wings purplish brown; bill black." ( Gould, Z. s. c.) 

Eecently recorded from California. I have not seen any specimens 
in Mexican collections made at Bolaiios, whence the type is said to 
have come, and its vicinity in the last few years. 

Hal. Mexico, Bolanos; California. 

2. Selasphorus rtif as. 
Buffed Honeysucker, Penn. Arct. Zool. ii. p. 290. 
Butt-necked Humming Bird, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 785. 
Trochilus rufus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 497 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 144; 


Everm. Auk, iii. p. 180 ; Scott, Aide, iii. p. 431; Merrill, Auk, vi'. 

p. 257. 
Le Sasin, And. Ois. Dor. i. p. 131, pi. 61. 
Trochilus collaris, Viei/l, JV. JDict d'Hist JV1 vii. p. 374; id, Enc 
Meth. p. 571. 
Trochilus swainsoni, Letts, hid. Gen. Troch, p. xiii, 


113 . SELASPHORUS. 
393 

Trochilus (Selasphorus) rufus, Siv. Faun. Bor.-Am, ii. p. 325. 

Selasphorus rufus, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 137 (May 1852); id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 88 (partim) ; Baird, B. N. A m. p. 134 (partim); Scl. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 297 ; id. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 177; Muls. $ Verr. Class. 
Troch. p. 89 ; Brovm, Ibis, 1868, p. 419 ; Baird, Brew., % Ridgw. 

N. Am. B. ii. p. 459 (partim) ; de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 99; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 106 (partim); id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 227; Belding, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 427. 
Selasforus rufus, A. Duges, La Nat. i. p. 141 (1870); Villada, La 
Nat. ii. p. 355 (1871-74). 
Selasphorus henshawi, Flliot, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, ii. p. 102; id. 
Syn. Troch. p. 111. 
? Trochilus ruber, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 193; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 499; 
Vieill. N. Diet. cVHist. Nat. vii. p. 369; id. JEnc. Meth. p. 568. 

Selasphorus ruber, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 82 ; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 256; 
Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13; id. Troch. Fnum. p. 10, pi. 852. 
ff. 5021-3 ; Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. m. 

? Mellisuga surinamensis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 701. 
? Oiseau-5f ouehe pourpre, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ols. vi. p. 24. 
? Little Brown Humming Bird, Bdw. pi. 32; Lath. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 778. 


Adult male. Upper surface, including the back of the neck and 
tipper tail-coverts, cinnamon-rufous; crown shining golden green, 
each feather edged with cinnamon; throat glittering red; breast 
and middle of the abdomen white; flanks and under tail-coverts 
cinnamon ; tail dark cinnamon, tipped with black, the submedian 
rectrices with a deep excision near the end of the inner web and a 
smaller one ou the onter web; bill black. Total length about 
3*5 inches, wing 1*6, tail 1-1, bill 0*75. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining grass-green, duller on the 
crown ; under surface white; throat with dusky discal spots, flanks 
and under tail-coverts washed with cinnamon ; tail cinnamon at the 
base, central rectrices shining green, darker and bluer at the tips, 
lateral rectrices broadly tipped with white and with a subterminal 
black band. 

Hah. "Western North America from Sitka southwards to Central 
Mexico. 

a. cf ad. sk. Vancouver I., April^.-Forrer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b, c. <$ juv. sk. British Colombia. J. K. Lord [P.]. 
d. 
<5 ad. sk. San Juan I., Brit. Colombia, J. K. Lord pp.], 
June. 
e. 2 ad. sk* Rocky Mountains. J. K. Lord [P.]. 
/, g-6 ad.; h. $ Riverside, CaL, Feb. "Wilson Crewd&on 
juv.;*\ $ad.sk. [P-l


j. £ ad. sk. California {Hardy). Gould Coll. 
k. d iuv. sk. Lake Tahoe, Nevada, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
(H. W. Henshaw). 
1. £ ad. sk. San Francisco (II. W. II.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
7n. Q ad. sk. Anderson, CaL, Mav ( W. E. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Bryant, ex H W."H). 
n-u. <S ad.;z*. $ Colton, CaL, April (F. Stephens). Sah in-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
u\ 6 
ad.; x. 2 Smith Mt., CaL, July (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Stephens). 


394 
TEOCHILI. 

y-b'. <5 ad.; c'-Nicasio, Cal., Mar., April, &
/ . c?juv.; </~ June (JBJ. W. JHJ.). 
A'. $ ad. sk. 

Z'. c? ad. sk. Grafton, N. Mex. {J.B.Adams),
Santa Fe* Mts., N. Mex., Aug.
£3. d juv.;/ 3-(&. W. HJ). 
d4. $ ad.; e1. 

5 juv. sk. 
f\ ? ad. sk. 


g4-, h%. (S ad.;

juv. sk. 

U. $ ad. sk. 
/l 1 

. $ ad.; m4,w. 
tfjuv.; ol-q\ 
2 ad. sk. 

r4-#4. d1 ad. sk. 

y^z^.tf ad.; «Jd5. 
J ad. sk. 
e5-y5. 2 ad. sk. 

A\ <£ juv. sk. 

e5,/. c? ad. sk. 

&55

-«. c? ad. sk. 

o5. $ juv. sk. 

f. 
$ ad.; ^V3$ 
ad. sk. 
s5, t\ c? ad.; 2£5
«?'. tfjuv. ;.r\ 
$ ad. sk. 

y5. $ ad. sk. 

z3, a6. <? ad.; ¥'. 
6 juv.; &. 2 
ad. sk. 

db. tf ad. sk. 
e6. J ad. sk. 

El Moro, N. Mex., July (JET. 

W. JBJ.). 
il.Camp Apache, Arizona, Aug. 
(JET. W. -HI). 

White Mts., Arizona, Aug, 
(ir. PF. JS;)Mexico 
{Floresi). 

Xeres, Zacatecas, Sept. ( IF. i?. 

Richardsoni). 
Zacatecas, Aug ( W. B. JR.). 


Sierra de Valparaiso, Aug. 

(W.B.RJ). 

Plains of San Luis Potosd 

(W. B. B.)-, 
Valley of Mexico. 
Ajusco, Vallev of Mexico, 
Sept. (W. B. JR.). 
Tetelco, Valley of Mexico, Sept.

(F. Ferrari-Perez). 
Patzcuaro, Morelos, Jan. (F.
JD. G.). 
Volcan de Colima, Jan. (W.

B. JR.). 
Oaxaca, Mexico (Fenochio). 
Oaxaca (Boucard). 

Xootka Sound. 

3. Selasphorus alleni. 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 

 E. B. Sharpe [PA 
Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 

Gould Colls. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Gould Coll. 

G. Barclay ~1\\ 
Purchased, *" 
Le Sasin jeune ag*e, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 1-33, pi. 62. 

Ornismya sasin, Less. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxx, 190, pis. iS6r 

67 ; id. Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 121, pib. 11,12,13. 

Trochilus sasin, Less. hid. Gen. Troch. p. xxxv. 

Selasphorus alleni, Hensh. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, ii. p. 54. 

Selasphorus rufus, Elliot, Bull. Nxdt. Orn. Club. ii. p. 10] ; id. Syn, 

Troch. p. 110. 
Trochilus alleni, Scott, Auk, iii. p. 431. 


Adult male. Similar to that of 8. ru/vx, but the whole back like 
the head, shining green; lateral rectrices much narrower than in 
the allied species. 

Hah. California. 

113 . SELASPHOKUS. 
395 

a-c. S ad.; d, e. Nicasio, California (H. fF. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

tfjuv. ;/-*.? Henshaw). 

ad. sk. 

i. $ ad. sk. Nicasio, Mar. (G. L. Toppan). Sclater Coll. 
j. 
$ ad. sk. Tejon, California. Aug. (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
W. H.). 
k. 
J ad. sk. Cohuila Valley, California, G.F.Morcom[P.]. 
April (F. Stephens), 
Z. <$ ad.; m. <£ California {Hardy). Gould Coll. 
juv. sk. 
w-^. c? ad.sk. 
[California.] Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 


4. Selasphorus scintilla. 
Trochilus (Selasphorus) scintilla, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 162. 
Selasphoras scintilla, Gould, Men. Troch. iii.pl. 138 (May 1852) j id. 
Intr. Troch. p. 89; JReich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 ; id. Troch. JEnum. 

p. 10, pi. 858. if. 5024-26; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 256 ; Cab. £ 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 56; Cab. J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 165; Muls. 
% Verr. Class. Troch. p. 89; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 155, 1870, 
p. 209; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 123; Frantz. J. f. Orn. 
1869, p. 315; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 104, pi. 109; 
id. Ann. 80c. Linn. Lyon, xsii. p. 227; Elliot, 8yn. Troch. p. Ill: 
Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 70. 
Trocliilus scintilla, Gray, Hand~l B. i. p. 144. 

Adult male. Upper surface, including the upper tail-coverts, 

shining golden green, rather darker on the crown; lores and circum


ocular region cinnamon ; throat glittering red ; breast white; flanks 

and under tail-coverts cinnamon, the former washed with green; 

middle of the abdomen pale cinnamon ; central rectrices cinnamon, 

with a median purple-black stripe including the shaft, lateral 

ivctrices purple-black, the inner web almost to the shaft cinna


mon ; bill black, the base of the mandible flesh-colour. Total length 

about 2*7 inches, wing 1*3, tail 1, bill 0*55. 

Adult female. Under surface white; throat buff, each feather 

with a dusky discal spot; tail cinnamon, with a wide sub terminal 

dark band. 

Hob. Costa Rica and Chiriqui. 

a, b. S «-d.; c, d. Irazu, Costa Rica {Rogers). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
? ad. sk. 
e,f. ? ad. sk. Barranca, Costa Rica (Car-Salvin-Godman & 
miol). Gould Colls. 


g. 
5 acl. sk. Tucurriqui, Costa Rica (Arc6). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. <$ ad. sk. Chiriqui ( JFarszewiez). Gould Coll. ^ (Type 
of the species.) 
is. 
<$ ad.; t-10. Yolcan de Chiriqui (Arce) Salvin-Godman & 
2 ad.sk. Gould Colls. 


5. Selasphorus torri&us. 
Selasphorus torridus, Salv. P. Z. 8, 1870, p. 208 ; Muls. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouehes, iv. p. 101 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Li/on, xxii. p. 227 
Elliot, >yn. Troch. p. 132 ; Ridgzu. Pr. U. S. Nat Mus, vii, p. 14. 

396 
TEOCHILI. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green ; lores cinnamon; 

throat glittering lilac-red with a rather leaden hue, the bases of the 

feathers buff; breast, middle of the abdomen, and under tail-coverts 

white, flanks washed with shining green; central reetrices dark 

shining green, edged towards the base with cinnamon; lateral 

reetrices purple-black, with a cinnamon spot on the inner web near 

the tip ; bill black, base of the mandible flesh-colour. Total length 

about 2-7 inches, wing 1*6, tail 1*1, bill 0*65. 

Adult female. Duller on the crown ; beneath white, each feather 

of the throat with a dusky discal spot; flanks and under tail-coverts 

washed with buff: lateral reetrices cinnamon at the base, whitish 

at the tip, and with a purplish-black subterminal band. 

Hah. Panama. 

a, b. S ad.; c. J Volcan de Chirigui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (Types of the species.) 
d-i. c? ad.; j. $ Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman, 
ad. sk. Gould, & Sclater 
Colls. 


6. Selasphorus platycercus. 
Trochilus platycercus, Sw. Phil. Mag. new ser. i. p. 441; Scott, AukT 
iii. p. 431 ; Gray, Hond-l B. i. p. 144. 
Ornismya tricolor, Less. Suppl. Ois-Mouehes, p. 125, pi. 14. 
Trochilus tricolor, Less. hid. Gen. Track, p. xxxiv. 
Trochilus montanus, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xxxiv j Siv. Birds 
Brazil $ Mex. pi. 74. 
Selasphorus platycercus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 82 ; id. JRev. Zool 1854, 

p. 250 ; JReich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 ; id. Troch. Emim. p, 10, pi. 854. 
ff. 5027-29; Gonld, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 140 (Mav 1852); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 89; Baird, B. N. Am. p. 135, pi. 43. flf 1, 2 ; Set. $ Salv. 
Ibis, 1859, p. 139: Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. 196; id. Cat Strichl CoU. 
p, 304; Cab.fyHeine, Mas. Hein. iii. p. 56; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 208; 
id. P. Z. & 1804, p. 177 ;Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 89; Cooper, 
Om. Cal. i. p. 357; Baird, Breio,7 $ Ridgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 462 -f 
Le Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 204, pi.; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, 
iv. p. 94; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227; JElliot, Sunr 
Troch. p. 109. 
Selasforus 
platycercus, A. JDuges, La Nat. i, p. 141; Villada, La 
Nat. ii. p. 352. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining olive-green; throat glittering 
rosy red; breast white; middle of the abdomen and under tail-
coverts whitish, flanks washed with shining green; central reetricesshining 
olive-green, remainder purple-black, the sublateral edged 
towards the base with cinnamon ; bill black. Total length about 
^•3 inches, wing 1*95, tail 1-3, bill 0-8. 

Adult female. Upper surface more golden green; under surface 
buff, whiter on the throat and breast, more cinnamon on the 
flanks and under tail-coverts, each feather of the throat with a 
dusky discal spot; lateral reetrices cinnamon at the base, green in 
the middle, white at the tip, and with a dark subterminal band. 

Hah. North America; liocky Mountains, and the highlands of 
Mexico and Guatemala. 

«. c? ad. sk. 

b-m. tf ad.; rc-£. 

ad.; l\ m'. $ 
juv. sk. 
n'.' rf ad. sk. 
o'j p\ $ ad. sk. 

q. $ ad. sk. 
r'. 5 ad. sk. 
s'. <3 ad.; *'. ? 
ad. sk. 
u'. J ad. sk. 

v\ $ ad. sk. 

w'. $ ad. sk. 

#'. $ ad. sk. 
3/, s'. J ad. sk. 
a", b". S ad. sk. 

•c", d". <$ ad.; e".
Sierra Nevada de Colima, Jan. 

113 . SELASPHOETJS. 
Parley's Park, Utah, June 

(R. Ridgw.y). 
Santa Fe Mts., New Mexico, 
Aug., Sept. (H. JF. jffaw-

Colorado (.ET. W. H.). 
Garland, Colorado, May (H. 

W. m). 
Colorado Springs (H. W. JE.). 
El Moro, New Mexico, July 
(JET. W. H.). 
White Mts., Arizona, Aug. 

(H. w. jsr.). 
Willow Sprino-s, Arizona, July 

(H.W.K).

Micoha, Sonora, April (W. 
Lloyd). 


Sierra de Valparaiso, Zacatecas, 
Sept. (W. B. Richardson). 


Sierra de Calvillo, Aguas 
Calientes, Aug. (W. B. R.). 
Sierra de Bolanos, Jalisco, Feb., 
Max.(TT.jB. JR.). 
Volcan de Colima, Jan. (W. 

B. R.). 

<j> ad. sk. 
h". $ ad. sk. 
i". 2 ad. sk. 

j"-l". <$ ad.; #i". 
2 ad. sk. 
^". $ ad. sk. 

o",p". 2 ad.sk. 

q",r". <? ad.sk. 

s". c? ad. sk. 

t". 6 ad. u". $ 
ad. sk. 
?>"-d3. $ ad. sk. 


e3. c? ad. sk. 

fz 

. <J ad. sk 
g%. S ad. sk. 
h*-f. c?ad.;^3. 


$ ad. sk. 
Pj m*. S ad.; n*} 

oz. 2 ad. sk. 
p5-sz. S ad.; £3, 
u3, 2 ad. sk. 


(W.B.R.). 

Eeal del Monte, Hidalgo, Oct. 

(W.B.R.). 
Tenango del Valle, Oct. (W. 

B. R.). 
Ajusco, Valley of Mexico, 
July & Sept. (W.B.R.). 
Hacienda Eslava, Valley of 


Mexico,Feb.(Ferrari-Berez). 
Eio Frio, Itzaccihuatl, Sept. 

(W.B.R.). 
Pinal, Puebla, April (F. D. 
Godmari). 

Tonaguia, Oaxaca, Feb. (Jf. 

Trujillo). 
Mexico (Floresi). 

Valley of Mexico. 

Jalapa (de Oca). 
Oaxaca (Boucard). 

S. Mexico (Boucard). 
Quezaltenango, Guatemala, 
Sept. (0-Salvin). 
Quezaltenango, Sept. 
(W. B. 
Richardson). 

Chuipache, Quezaltenango, 

Oct. (W.B.R.). 

397 

R. B. Sharpe [P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 

Gould CoUs. 

Gould Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

398 
ISOCHILI. 

v '-rl c? ad. sk. San Martin, Quezaltenango, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. (W.B.R.).


y. S ad.• s3. $ El Itincon, San Marcos, Gua- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk temala, Oct. (W. B. R.). 
7. Selasphorus ar&ens. 
Selasphorus 
ardens, Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 209 j 3fvl$. Hist, Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 103, pi. 108; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii, 

p. 227 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 110 ; Sharps in Gould11, Moa. Troch., 
Suppl. pi. 81 (Jan. 1883); Ridgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mm. vii. p. 14. 
Adult male. Similar to that of 8. platycercus, but smaller: upper 
surface darker; lores and ear-coverts rufous, the latter mixed with 
black; central rectrices purple-black, edged towards the base with 
cinnamon, lateral rectrices purple-black, inner webs cinnamon 
towards the base, and with a subterminal spot of the same colour. 
Total length about 2*8 inches, wing 1*55, tail 1*15, bill 0*65. 

Young male. Throat with dusk}* or rosy-red discal spots ; lateral 
rectrices cinnamon at the base, green in the middle, buff at the 
tips, and with a dark subterminal band; central rectrices shining 
green, with dark tips and cinnamon bases. 

Hab. Panama. 

a. 
<S ad.; b, <$ Castillo, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juy. sk. (Types of the species.) 
8. Selasphorus flammula. 
Selasphorus flammula, Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 586; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. 
N. Y. ix. p. 123 j Frantz. J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 815; Muls. Hist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, iv. pp. 99,221, pL 107 • Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 113; 
Boucard, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 70,* Ridgw. Pr. II. S. Nat Mus. v# 
p. 497; Sharps in Gould's Mon. Troch., Suppl pi. 31 (Jan. 1883). 
Adult male. Similar to that of 8. ardens> but the throat rather 
pinker; central rectrices shining green with cinnamon edges; lateral 
rectrices purple-black, tips white, and with a narrow edging of 
cinnamon on the inner web towards the base : base of the mandible 
flesh-colour. Total length about 2*9 inches, wing 1*65 tail 1*1, 
bill 0*5. 

Hab. Costa Eiea. 

a. S ad. sk. Volcan de Cartago, Costa Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Pica (ArcS). (Type of the species.) 
114. 
TR0CHILTTS.* 
Type. 
«% • Trochilus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 189 T. colubris. 
Cynanthus, Boie, Isis, 1831, p. 547 » T. colubris. 
Selasphorus j8. Archilochus, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 10. T. alexandri. 


* I do not know the bird from Santa Barbara, California, described by 
Mr. J. A. Jeffries as TROCHILUS VIOLAJUGTJLUM (Aukf y. p. 168, 1888). 
114 . TBOCHILTTS. 39 9 
Range. North. America : Mexico and Central America, in winter, 
to Chiriqui. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throat glittering ruby-reel colubris, p. 399. 
b, Chin and upper part of the throat black, lower part 
glittering violet-purple alevemdri, p. 402. 

1. Trochilus coluhris. 
Red-throated Humming Bird, Edw. Nat. Hist. i. pi. 38 ; Lath. Gen. 

Syn. i. p. 769. 

Hunrmiiig Bird, Catesby, Carolina, i. p. 65, pi. 65. 

Red-throated Floney Sucker, Penn. Aret. Zool. i. p. 286. 

Mellisuga carolinensis, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 716, pi. 36. ff. 5, 6. 

Rubis. Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 13 ; Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 80, pis. 

31-33. * '* 
Trochilus colubris, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 191; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 492; 
Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. i. p. 73, pis. 31, 32 ; id. N Diet. d'Hist. N. 

vii. p. 371; id. Eric. Meth. p. 369; id. Gal. Ois. i. p. 293; Wik. 
Am. Orn. ii. p. 26, pi. 10. ff. 3, 4; Aud. Orn. Biogr. i. p. 248 ; id. 
B. Am. i. pi. 47; Sw. Faun. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 323; Less. Ind. Gin. 
Troch. p. xxxiv; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 81; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, p. 256; 
JReick. Aufz. d. Col p. 12; id. Troch. Enum. p. 10, pi. 826.ff. 493944; 
Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 131 (May 1858); id. Intr. Troch. 
p. 86 ; Baird, B. N. Am. p. 131; Scl. $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 129; 
Salv. Ibis, 1860, pp. 195, 263, 266; id. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 208; id. 
Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 364; Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 57; Scl. 
P. Z. S. 1859, pp. 367, 386,1864, p. 176; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 297; 
Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 470; Baird, Ibis, 1867, p. 288; Gray, 
Hund-l. B. i. p. 136; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 123; id. 
Bull. US. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 32; Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 315 ; 
Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 354; id. Syn. Troch. p. l05 ; Villada, La Nat. 
ii, p. 352; Baird, Brewer, fy Bidgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 462; de Oca, 
La Nat. iii. p. 22; Gundl. Orn. Cub. pp. 28, 107, 234, 271; id. 
J.f.O.n. 1878, p. 180; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 70 ; id. P. Z. S. 
1883, p. 451; Merrill, Auk, i. p. 146; Nutting, Pr. U.S. Nat. 
Mus. vi. p. 394; Bidgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. viii. p. 573 ; Ferrari-
Perez, Pr. US. Nat. Mus. x. p. 157; Brewster, Auk, iii. p. 105; 
Cory, B. West Ind. p. 148; Bichm. Auk, v. p. 21; Lloyd, Auk, v. 
p, 191; Everm. Auk, vi. p. 23 ; Faxon, Auk, vi. p. 44; Allen, Auk, 
vi. p. 77; Faxon fy Allen, Auk, vi. p. 151; Scott, Auk, vi. p. 252; 
Purdie, Auk, vi. p. 314. 
Ornismya colubris. Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xvi, xlvi, 151, 
pis. 48, 48 bis; MuU. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 91; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 52; id. Ami. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 226. 
Orthorhynchus colubris, d'Orb. in La Sagrds Hist. Cuba, p. 99. 
Trochilus aureigaster, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 58. 
Trochilus aurigularis, Heine, J.f Orn. 1863, p. 208. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green? dusky on the 
crown, brighter on the rump; under surface white, dusky on the 
middle of the abdomen, whiter on the breast, the flanks washed 
with green ; chin black; throat glittering ruby-red; tail blue


400 
TEOCHILI. 

black, the central rectrices washed with green ; bill black. Total 
length about 3*5 inches, wing 1*5; tail, longest rectrices, l-l , 
central 0*65. 

Adult female. Like the male on the upper surface; the under 
surface white, including the throat; lateral rectrices grey at the 
base, a subterminal blue-black band, and the tips pure while. 

Young male. Like the female, but the feathers of the throat each, 
with a discal dusky spot; the ruby-red feathers of the adult first 
show irregularly on the lower part of the throat, and gradually supplant 
the feathers with discal spots. 

Hah. North America generally in summer, migrating in autumn 
to Mexico and Central America as far soath as Chiriqui. 

a. <$ ad. sk. 49th Parallel. INT.W. Boundary 
Commission. 
b. <$ juv.; c. $ ^ ne ? Indiana, Sept. (JS. W. Salvin-Godman ColL 

ad. sk.
d, e. <S ]w.;/.
ad. sk.
g, k 2 ad. sk.

u d ad.;?'. $
ad. sk.
7c, I d ad.; m, n.

5 ad. sk.
o,p. 2 ad. sk.


q. $ ad. sk.
r. d ad. sk.
s-u. d ad.; v. d
juv.; w-z. $
ad.; a',b'. $ 
juv. sk. 


c'. 2 ad.sk.
d'-f. d ad; g'.
2 ad. sk.
h'. <S ad. sk.

zW. c?ad.;^'-r'.
d juv.; s'-v\
2 ad. sk. 

w\ x'. d ad.; y'-b".
2 ad. sk.

e".d ad.; d"~-f".

2 ad. sk.
g". d ad. sk.


h". d ad. sk.

z". 2 ad. sk.
k", I", d ad. sk.

 Nelson), 

2 
Mt. Carmel, 111., July & Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 (E. W, N). 
Chicago, EL, May (H. K. 
Coale). 
Waukegan, 
EL, May (R W. 
N). 

 Lyon's Fall, N. York, May 

 (A. J. Dagmi). 
Locust Grove, N. Y., May (C. 
H. Merian). 
Newhaven, Conn. (C. K. M.). 
Massachusetts (H. W. Hen~ 
shaio). 
Washington, May-Sept. {H. 

 W. HJ). 
Washington (Drexler). 
Rigoleta, Louisiana, April (IT,

 W. H.). 
Hawkinsville, Florida, Mar.

(jsr. w. jar.). 

 Tarpon Springs, Florida, Mar., 
April, Aug. ( W. E. D. Scott). 

 Brownsville, Texas, April, 
May (F. B. Armstrong). 
Corpus Christi, Texas, May & 

 Oct. (F. B. A.), 

 Hidalgo, Texas, April (F. 

B. 
A.). 
Sierra de Victoria, Tamaulipas, 
April ( W. B. Richardson), 


 Escandon, Tamaulipas, Mav 
(W.B.R.). 
Tamesi, Tamaulipas, Mar. (Wi 
B.R.). 

E. B.Sharpe[P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

._ ^^^^^ vuu, 
Salvin-Godman Coll 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman CoE. 

Salvin-Godman CoH. 


Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Salvin-Godman ColL 


*m'r. J ad.sk, 

n". ? ad. sk. 

©".<£ ad.jp",?". 
? ad. sk. 
»•". $ ad.sk. 

*"-V.<?ad.; tf'


' $ ad. sk. 
«#". <? ad. sk. 
a:". $ ad. sk. 
*/", <£ ad. sk. 

*". <? ad.; u\ S 

ad, sk. 

«*3V-<? juv.; A3. 
$ ad, sk. 
t3. <? ad.;;"3,*8. 
5 ad. sk 

i3. S juv. sk. 

*ifl 3 

. <5 ad, 5 o. $ 
ad. sk. 

P*>f-<$ juv.;r3. 
2 ad.sk. 
«3~t)3. c? ad. j w3. 
$ ad. sk. 
ar1. J juv.; y3. 
$ ad. sk. 
z\ tfad.;«4. 6 

ad. sk. 
#*. $ ad. sk. 

h\ c? ad. sk. 

t4. $ ad. sk. 
j\ <J ad.; &4. ? 
ad. sk. 
£4. <J ad.; m4-o4, 

$ ad. sk. 
j?4. tf ad.sk. 
g'4. tf ad. sk. 

r4; s4. S ad. j £4. 
tf juv.;w4,v4. 
$ ad. sk. 

w4. tf ad.;#4. $ 
juv. sk. 

3/4. $ ad. sk. 

s*. $ ad. sk. 
VOL. XVI. 


114 . TKOCHILUS. 
Tampico, Tamaulipas (W. 

B. B.). 
Misantla, Vera Cruz, Mar. (F. 
D. G.). 
Coatepec, Nov. (M. Tmjillo). 
Playa Vicente, Vera Cruz, 
pec. (M; T.). 
Ajusco, Valley of Mexico, 

Sept. ( W. B. Richardson). 
Puebla, Oct. ( W. B. £.). 
Aniecameca, Puebla (F. D. G.)* 
Volcan de Colima, Jan. (W. 

B. M.). 
Cnilpancingo, Guerrero, Oct. 

(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 

Venta de Zopilote, Guerrero, 
Oct. (Mrs. M. H. 8.). 
Aniula, Guerrero, Aug. & Sept. 

(Mrs. H. H. 8.). 

Acapruizofcla, Guerrero, Oct. 
(Mrs. jff. JET, $.). 
Tonaguia, Oaxaca, Feb. (M. 
Trujilh). 
Oaxaca (Fenochio). 

Oaxaca (Boucard). 

Mexico (Floresif), 

Chinialapa, Tehuantepec, Feb. 

(W.B.R.). 
Tehuantepec, Feb. ( W. B. M.). 

Merida, Yucatan, Feb. {W. 

B. It.). 
Progreso, Yucatan, Oct. (Gaumer). 


N. Yucatan ( Gaumer). 
HolboxL, Yucatan (Gaumer). 
Cozumel I., Yucatan (Gaumer). 


Santana, Peten, April (O. &)• 
Coban, Guatemala, Nov. 

(0. &). 
Duefias, Guatemala, Sept. 
(0. 8.). 
Rincon, San Marcos, Guatemala, 
Oct. (W. B. Richardson). 


Bebedero, Nicoya, Costa Rica 

(Arci). 

Costa Rica. 

40 L 
Salvhi-G odman (JolL 
Salvia-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Salvin-G odman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Saivin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll* 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman & 
Sclater Colls. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Gould ColL 
2B 


402 
TKOCBILL 

a\ (3 ad.; b\ c\ Volcan de Clririqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
d% e\ $ ad, st. Purchased. 

2. TrocMlus aiexandri 
Trochilus aiexandri, Bourc. $ Mills. Ann. Sc. Ph/s. et Xat. Lyon, iii. 
p. 330 (1840); iid. lieu. Zool. 1840, p. 316; Bp. JRec. Zool. 1834. 
p. 250; Cass. III. B. Cal § Texas, p. 141, pi. 22; Gould. Man. 
TrocJt. iii.pl. 132 (Sept. 1857); id. Intr. Troch. p. b7; Baird, X. Am. 
B. p. 133, pi. 14. f. 3; Xantus, Br. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 190 ; Cab. % 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iii.p. 57 ; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 297 ; id. P. Z. S. 
1864, p. 177; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 136 ; Cone*, Pr. Ac, Phil. 1808, 
p. 82; Villada, La Xat. ii. p. 351; de Oca* La Xat, iii. p. 102 ; Elliot, 
Syn. Troch. p. 100 ; Belding, Pr. U.S. Xat. Mux. i. p. 420; Ecerm. 
Auh, iii. p. 130; Scott, Auk, iii. p. 430; Lloyd, Auk, v. p. 192. 
Selasphorus 
/3. Archilochus aiexandri, Belch. Avfz. d. C*JL p. 13; 
id. Troch. Enwm. p. 10, pi. 855. fL 5030-32. 
Ornismya aiexandri, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 91; Mi/Is. Hut. 
Xat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 01: id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 220. 
Adult male. Similar to that of 2\ colubris, but with the chin and 

upper half of the 
throat black, the lower half glittering violet-

purple. 

The adult female and young male are hardly to be distinguished 

from those of T. coluhris, but the bill is usually longer. The \oung 

male, too, is -at once known when the throat-feathers of the adult 

begin to appear. 

Hob. Western ]NTorth America, California, "Utah, &c, migrating 

south in winter to Mexico, but not beyond. 

a. 
<$ ad.; b. $ Rocky Mountains. j . K. Lord yr.
ad. sk. 
c. 
S ad. sk. Lat. 48° 40' N., 1300 feet above ~~ Vaux, Esq. Tf . 
the sea. 
d. $ ad. sk. Colmila Valley, California G. F. Morcom "P.". 
{F. Stephens). 
c. 
J ad. sk. Morant Meadow, Cal. (L. ILK CoaleT.]. 
B elding). 
/, g. $ ad. sk. Colt-n, Cal, April (H. W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Henshaic). 

h. (S ad. sk. Colt on, April (F. Stephens). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i. 
6 ad. ;/. $ Anderson, Cal., May (W. E. Salvin-Godihan Coll. 
ad. sk. Bryant). 
Jc, I. S ad.; m, n. Ballina, Cal., May, June (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. Stephens). 
o,p. $ 
ad. sk. San Bernardino, Cal. (P. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Her r on). 


q. 2 ad.&k. Utah, July {JR. Ridqicay). R. B. Sharpe [P.]. 
r. 
2 ad. sk. Ogden, ttah, April (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Piatt). 
s. 
tf ad.; t. S Bowie, Arizona, Aug. (II, W. 
juv.; u. 5 Henshaw). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juy. sk. 

v. S juv. sk. Grant, Arizona. Sept. (H, 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

W. H). 
115. CALYPTE. 403 
to. 5 ad. sk. S. Arizona (H. W. II,). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
x. d ad.sk. Mason Count v, Texas, April R. B. Sharps [P.J. 
(II K. Coale). 
y. $ ad. sk. Montemorelos, Nuevo Leon Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(JP. B. Armstrong), 
z. <$ ad.; a'. $ Sierra Madre, Nuevo Leon, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. ll&j (F.B.A.). 
V. <$ ad. j c'. $ Monterey, Nuevo Leon (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. ^B.A.)\ 
£?'. J ad. sk. Nun, Sonora, April (TV. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Lloyd), 
e',f. 2 ad. sk. Xeres, Zacatecas, Sept. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. Richardson), 
g\ d ad. sk. Plains of Colinia, Jan. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. R.). 
H, *'• c? juv.;/ , 
&'. 2 ad.s^Venta 
de Zopilote, Guerrero, 
Oct. (Mrs. II K Smith). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/'. <$ ad. sk. 
m'. <S ad.; w'. d 
N. Mexico. 
Mexico (Floresi). 
Sclater Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
juv.; o'. § ad. 
sk. 
p')<l'' d ad. sk. Valley of Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

115. CALYPTE. 
Type. 
Calypte, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 134 (May 1856) C. costse. 
Leuearia, Muls. Cat. Ois.-Mouches, p. 31 (1875) C. cost®. 
Zepkyritis, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 87 (1865). 

Range, California and Colorado; Cuba. 

Key 
to the Species. 

a. 
Lateral gular feathers slightly elongated, head and 
throat glittering rosy red; largest amies, p. 403. 
b. 
Lateral gular feathers much elongated. 
a'. Larger ; head and throat glittering lilac-purple .. costce, p. 404. 
b'. Smallest j head and throat glittering crimson ,.. , helenm, p. 405. 
1. Calypte annae. 
Ornismya anna, Less. Hist, Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxxi, xlvi, 205, 
pi. 74; id. Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 113, pi 7. 

Trochilus anna, Less. Ind. G4n. Troch. p. xxxvi; Aud, B. Am. i. 
pi. 425; id. Orn. Biogr. v. p. 238; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 144; 
Everm. Auk, iii. p. 180 ; Scott, Auk, iii. p. 431. 

Trochilus icterocephalus, Nutt. Man. Orn. i. p. 172. 
Calliphlox anna, Gamb. Br. Ac. Phil. 1846, p. 3; id. Journ, Ac. Phil, 
ser. 2, i. p. 32. 
Selasphorus anna, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 82; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 256; 
Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 297. 
Trochilus 6\ Atthis annae, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Troch. 
Enum.y. 10, pi. 834. ff. 4963-5. 

Calypte annas, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 135 (May 1856); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 88 ; Cab. 8f Seine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 55; Cooper, Orn. 
Cal, i. p. 358 j Baird, Brezv., $ Ridgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 454; 

2D2 

404 
5CBOCHILI. 

de Oca, La Nat. iii. p. 163; Mids. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. 

p. 73; id. Ann. JSoc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227; Elliot, Si/n. Troch. 
p. 107; Belding, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. l. p. 427. 
Atthis annas, Baird, B. N. Am. p. 137; Xantzis, Br. Ac. Phil 1859, 
p. 190; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. JSein. iii. p. 55. 
Zephyritis annse, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 88. 
Trochilus lamprocephalus, Licht. in Mm. Ber. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green ; crown and 
throat glittering rosy red; rest of the under surface pale grey, each 
feather with a large shining green discal spot; central rectrices 
like the back, remainder purple-black; bill black. Total length 
about 4-5 inches, wing 1-9; tail 1*2, central rectrices 1; bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Crown like the back, but duller; under surface 
greyish white, each feather of the throat with a dusky or glittering 
red spot; lateral rectrices grey at the base, white at the tip, and 
with a dark subterminal band. 

Hab. California. 

a. <$ ad.; b. tf San Francisco, CaL, Nov. (IT. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.; c. Pull, W. Henshaw). 
sk. 
d. (S ad. sk. San Francisco, Dec. (A. For-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
rer). 
e, f. $ ad. sk. California. Salvin-Godman Coll. 


g. S 
ad. sk. Cloverdale, CaL, Feb. (JET. W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Henshato). 
h~k. $ ad.; I. Oakland, CaL, Jan., Feb. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ juv. sk. B. Bryant). 
m, n. <$ ad.; o. Nicasio, CaL, April (H. W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

p. § ad. sk. M.). 
q. # juv. sk. Tejon Mts., CaL, Aug. [K. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
w. jr.). 
r. £ ad.; s. tf Santa Inez, CaL, Sept. (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.; t. $ ad. 

W. JET.). 
sk. 

u. 2 &d. sk, Los Alamos, CaL, Oct. (H. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
W. H.). 
v. (S ad.; w. $ Smith Ml, CaL, June and July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.; x. § ad. (F. Stephens). 
sk. 
y. $ ad. sk. Colton, CaL, Mar. (F. Stephens). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z. (S ad.; a'. J San Bernardino, CaL, Oct. (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Stephens), 
b\ £ ad. sk. Camp Grant, Arizona, Sept. (M. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

W. H.). 
c'-g'. $ ad.; h'~ [California] (Floresi). Salvin-Godman & 
n'. <$ juv.; o', Gould Colls. 
p\ 2 ad. sk. 

q'. $ ad. skeleton. 
Gould Coll. 

2. Calypte cost®. 
Ornismya 
costse, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 294; id. Ami. Sc. Phys. 
et Nat. Lyon, iii. p. 225, pi. 2 (1840); Prtvost $ L)es Murs, 
Voy. < Venus; I p. 194, Atl. pi. 2. 

115 . CALYPTE. 
405 

Selasplioms costse, Bp, Consp. Av. i. p. 82; id. Rev. Zool 1854 

p. 256; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 297. 
Trochilus d. Atthis costse, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Troch 
Enum. p. 10, pi. 836.ft 4969-72. 
Calypte costas, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 134 (May 1856); id. Intr. 
frock p. 88 j Cooper, Orn. Cat. i. p. 360 ; Beard, Bretv.,fyRidgxo. 

N. Am. B. ii. p. 457; de Oca, La NaL iii. p. 166 ; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 107 ; Belding, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 542. 

Atthis costse, Baird, B. N. Am. p. 138, pi. 19. 

Zephyritis costae, Muls. f Verr. Class, Troch. p. 88. 

Lucaria costse, Muls. Mist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 69, pi. 104; id. 

Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227. 

Trochilus costse, Gray, JSLand-l. B. i. p. 145. 

Trochilus costse, Everm. Auk, iii. p. 180; Scott, Auk, iii. p. 430. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green; crown and 
throat glittering lilac-purple; breast and middle of the abdomen 
white, flanks washed with pale green; under tai]-coverts white, 
with green discs; central rectrices shining green, lateral dusky 
green ; bill black. Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 1*8; tail 0-9, 
central rectrices rather shorter ; bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Crown duller than the back; under surface greyish 
white; throat with dusky discal spots ; lateral rectrices grey at the 
base, greenish in the middle, white at the tip, and with a dark subterminal 
band. 

Bah. California. 

a. J ad. sk. Riverside, California, April (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Stephens). 
b~g. S ad. sk. Colton,Cal., April (H. W. JET.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h-k. c? ad.; l~ Colton, April (F. Stephens). Salvin-Godman ColL 

n. $ ad. sk. 
o. <$ juv. sk. Smith Mt., Cal., July (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Stephens), 
p. 
J ad. sk. Ballina, Cal., June, July (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Stephens), 
q. $ ad.; r. $ San Bernardino, Cal. (F. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Herrori). 
s. 5 ad. sk. San Bernardino (F. B. G.). Salvin-Godman ColL 
t. 
$ ad. sk. San Bernardino, May (F. G. F. Morcom [P.]. 
Stephens), 
u. S a0^ > 0
-$ ^a ^az> Lower California, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (A. Fo?rer). 
w-e'. 
<S ad.; f- [California] (Floresi), Salvin-Godman & 
i'.tfjuv.if- Gould Colls. 

3. Calypte helense. 
Orthorhynchus helense, Lembeye, Aves de la Isla de Cuba, p. 70, 
pi. 10. f. 2. 

Calypte helenae, 
Reich. Troch. Fnum. p. 10, pi. 837.ff. 4973-75; 
Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 136 (May 1856); id. Intr. Troch. 
p 88; Elliot, Ibis, 1872, p. 354; id. Syn. Troch. p. 108 • Gundl. 
Rep. Fisico-Nat. Cuba, i. p. 291; id. J. f. Orn. 1874, p. ]44; id, 
Orn. Cuba, pp. 109, 272 ; id. Auk, viii. p. 187 ; Muls. Hist. Nat 
Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 77, pi. 105; id Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxiu 
p, 227; Cory, B. West Ind. p. 149. 

406 TROCHILI. 

Ortliorhynclius boothi, Gimdl. J.f.O.n. 1856, p. 99. 

Atthis heleuge, Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 2(53. 

Zephyritis (Calypte) elvirae, Muds. § Terr. Class. Troch. p. 88. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bluish green, greener on the 
back of the neck, bluer on the upper tail-coverts ; head and throat 
glittering crimson; rest of the under surface greyish white, flanks 
washed with green ; tail shining greenish blue ; bill black. Total 
length about 2-5 inches,-wing 1*15, tail 0*6, bill 0*5. 

Adult female. Crown duller than the back ; whole under surface 
greyish white, darker on the breast; a dusky spot below the eye ; 
lateral rcctrioes grey at the base, a bluish patch in the middle, 
white at the tips, and with a dark subterminal band, 

Hab. Cuba. 
a. 6 ad.; b. $ ad. NIC. Cuba (F. Taylor). Guuld Coll. 
c. $ ad.; d. g ad. tk [Cuba.] Gould Coll. 

110. ACESTETTEA. 
I\pe. 
Acestrura, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 91 (lfcOl) A. muLanti. 
Ornisuiya (Pohmnia), Mids.Sf Verr. Class. Track, p. 91 

(1865) " V. muhunti. 
Myrmia, Mills. Ann. Sue. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 22^ (1^75 j . A. micrura. 

Banr/e. Venezuela and Colombia to Bolivia; Upper Amazons 
Valley* 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tail longer than the under tail-coverts. 
a'. Lateral gular feathers not much or not at all 
elongated. 
a". Larger ; lateral gular feathers not elongated . midsanti, p. 406. 
b". Smaller ; lateral gular feathers Sightly 

elongated °...". decorata, p. 40<\ 
b'. Lateral gular feathers much elongated heliodori, p. 408. 

b. Tail not longer than the under tail-coverts micrura* p. 409. 
1. Acestrura nralsanti. 
Ornismya cyanopogon, dJOrb. $ Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 28 (nee Less.). 

Ornismya mulsanti, Bourc. Ann. 8c. Bhys. ei XaL Lyon. v. p. 342, 

pi. 20 (1842). 
Mellisuga rnulsanti, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Calothorax rnulsanti, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 85; Gould, Mon. Troch 

iii. pi. 145 (Nov. 1851); Scl. I>. Z. S. 1859, p. 140, lbOO, p. 04. 
Lucifer o\ Calothorax mulsanti, Belch. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13: id 
Troch. Bnum. p. 10, pi. 847. ff. 5004-5. 
Chgetocercus rnulsanti, Cab. §* Heme. Mus. Hein, ill p. 60: Scl. Cat 
Am.B.y. 298. 

pp. 529, 628 { Elliot, Ibt\ 1877, p. 136; id, ,s>/«.' Tith, p. 119; 

116 . ACESTEUBA. 
407 

Muls, Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 118, pi. 110; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228; Salv. $• Godm. Ibis, 1879, p. 205; Berl. ty 
Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 806; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 330. 

Ornismya (Polyrnnia) ruulsanti, Muls. §• Verr. Class. Troch. p. 91. 
Trochilus mulsanti, Gray, Rand4. B. i, p. 145. 

Adult male. Upper surface dark shining grass-green; throat 
glittering rosy red; ear-coverts blackish; breast, abdomen, and 
under tail-coverts white ; flanks glittering green, meeting below the 
breast; tail black, the central rectrices tinged with green, the DWO 
outer pairs on either side very narrow, the outermost pair the 
shorter; bill black. Total length about 3 inches, wing 1*5 ; tail 1, 
central rectrices 0 55 ; bill 0*8. 

Adult female. Upper surface shining bronzy green, duller on the 
crown; under surface, throat, and middle of the abdomen buff; 
Hanks and under tail-coverts cinnamon ; a large dusky patch below 
the eye on either side of the neck; tail cinnamon, with a wide subterminal 
dark band. 

Hab. Andes from Colombia to Bolivia, and the valley of the 
Upper Amazons. 

a. 
§ ad. sk. Atanquez, Sierra Nevada de Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Santa Marta, Colombia, Feb. 
(JP. Simons). 
b. <$ ad. sk. MedeUin, Colombia (T. K Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salmon). 
c~g. (S ad.; h, i. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

C? JUV. ; j-4. 
$ ad. sk. 


Intac, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman ColL 

m. 
(S ad.; n. $ 
ad. sk. 
Jinia, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman ColL 

o. 2 ad. sk. 
San Jos6, Ecuador {Buckley). Gould Coll. 

p. $ juv. sk. 
Santiago, Ecuador {Lehmami). Gould Coll. 

q. (S ad.; r. $ 
ad. sk. 
Quito, Ecuador {Jameson). Gould Coll. 

s-u. (S ad.; v. S 

JUV. ; tO, X. 2 

ad. sk. 

Quito, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman ColL 

y. $ ad. sk. 
z, a'. 5 ad. sk. Puellaro, Ecuador, April 
Gould & Sclater 

(Fraser). Colls. 
b'. 3 ad. sk. Ninabamba, Peru (Jelski). Sclater Coll. 
c\ S ad. sk. Central Peru {Jelski). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d'. S ad. sk. Huasampilla, Peru, March (JET. Gould Coll. 

Whitely). 
e'. S ad. sk. Peru (Warszewiez). Gould Coll. 
/ . <J ad.; g\ ? Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

ad.; h'. Juv. {Buckley). 
sk. 


i'~k\ S ad.; /'. Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
cT juv.; m'9nr. 
$ ad. sk. 

©'. 5 ad. sk. Pebas, Amazons {Hauxwell). 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Purchased. 

p'-r'. 6 ? ad. sk. 

4 OR 
ZROCHILI.. 

2. Acestrura decorata, 
Calothorax decoratns, Gould, P. Z. S. I860, p. 309: id. Jfom Trock, 
iiL pi. 146 (Sept. 1861). 
Acestrura decorata7 Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 91; Elliot, Syn. Troclu 

p. 119. 
Ornismya (Acestrura), Mute* fy Very. Class. Troeh. p. 92„ 
Adult male. Similar to that of A. rmdsanti, but smaller, the 
lateral gular feathers less elongated, the breast greyer, and the 
tinder tail-coverts green. 
Young nude. Similar to the female of the allied species, the upper 
tail-coverts cinnamon as in A. lieliodori. 
A species of doubtful value,, intermediate between A. mulsanti 
and A. lieliodori, 
Hal. Ecuador. 

a. cS ad.; b. <$ f ft o aid Coll. 
jar. sk. (Types of the specie?*.) 
€. $ ad. sk, San Jo$£, Ecuador (Buel&y)* Salvin-Godman Coll. 

3. Acestrura heliodori. 
Ornismya lieliodori, Bourc, Bev. Zool. 1840r p. 273$ id. Ann. Se* 

Phys. et Nat. Lyon, v. p. 308, pis. lo, 20. 
Mellibuga heliodori, Gray, Gen, B. i. p. 113. 
Calothorax heliodori, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 83: id. Her, ZWJL 1854? 

p. 257 ; Gould, Mon. Troch. iiL pi. 147 (Nov. Ibolj. 
Lucifer 6\ Calothorax heliodori, JReich. Aufz. d. Col p. IS; id. Troch. 
Enum. p. 10, pi 847. ff. 5002-3. 
Chsetocercus heliodori, Cab. <$* Urine, Mm, Hein. ill.p. GO ; Sal. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 298. 
Acestrura lieliodori, Gould, Inir. Troch. p. 92; Scl. $• Salt. P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 7b2,lti7o, p. 235; Muls. Mist. Nat. Oi&.-Mouehes, iv. 

p. 120$ id, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228; Elliot, Syn, Troch, 
p. 1:20 ; Bert. J.f.O.n. 1884, p. 311, 1887, p. 330. 
Oinismya (Acestrura) heliodori, Muls. $* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 92. 
Trochilub heliodori, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 145. 
Adult mcde. Also similar to that of A. mulsanti, and the tail 
similarly formed, but smaller, the lateral feathers of the throat much 
elongated, the breast greyer, and the abdomen and under tail-
coverts shining green. Total length about 2#5 inches, wing 1, tail 
0-75, bill 0-55. 

Adult female. Nearly uniform cinnamon beneath, and with the 
upper tail-coveits of that colour: otherwise much like the female of 

A. 
mulsanti* 
Hob. Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador. 
a. $ ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela (Goeriny). Salvm-Godman Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk, Venezuela (Sjience). Sclater Coll. 
c $ ad. sk. Alto, Colombia ( Wyatt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. 2 ad. sk. Medellin, Colombia {Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e~gv (S ad. j h-j. Colombia (Bogota make), Salvm-Godman & 
3 |uv.; k m. ~ Gould Colls. 
5 ad. tok. 

117 . AERLLISTTGA. 
409 

n-q. S ad. sk. [Colombia.] 
Gould Coll. 

r. 
J ad. sk Santiago, near Pasto, Ecuador Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Lelmiann). 
s. S ad. sk. San Jose, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t. J ad. sk. Citado, Ecuador {Buckley). Gould Coll 
u, v. Jnv. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
w. 
J ; v. Juv. Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). Gould & Sclater 
sk. Colls. 
y. cJ" juv. sk. Ecuador. 
Gould Coll. 
s. 
cfad.; «'. $ Purchased. 
ad. st. 
4. Acestrura micrnra. 
Calothoiax 
micrurus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1853, p. 109; id. Mon. Track. 
iii.pl. US play 1854). 
Acestrura micrura, Gmdd, Intr. Troch. p. 02 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1877, 

p. 327; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 120; Salv. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 425. 
Myrmia micrura, Muls. Hint. Nat. Ois.-Movches, iv. p. 113 ; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228; Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883; p. 508 ; 
Tacz. Orn. Pir. i. p. 308. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, duller on the 
crown; under surface pale buff; throat glittering rosy red, the 
lateral gular feathers not elongated; flanks pale cinnamon; under 
tail-coverts white; tail black; bill black. Total length about 2*4 
inches, wing 1*25, tail 0*5, bill 0*6. 

Adult female. Under surface buff; lateral rectrices tipped with 
white. 
Bah. Western Peru. 

a. 
$ ad.; b. $ Peru ( Warszewiez). Gould Coll. 
juv.; c. $ (Types of the species.) 
ad. sk. 
d. (S juv. sk. Tumbez, Peru (Stolzmanii). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. (S ad. sk. Payta, Peru, Jan. {A. H. Salun-Godman Coll. 
Markham). 
f,ff. 6 ad.sk. [Peru.] Gould Coll 

117. 
MELLISUGA. 
/ Type. 
Mellisuga, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 095 (17§0) M. minima. 
Zephyritis (Dyrinia), Mzds. % Verr. Class. Troch. p. 88 
(1865J M. minima. 
Range. Jamaica and San Domingo. 

1. Mellisuga minima. 
Mellisuga avis minima, Shane, Jam. p. 307, pi. 364. f. 1. 
Polytmus minimus variegatus, Browne, Jam. p. 475, pi. 264. f. 1. 
Least Humming Bird, JEaw. Nat. Hist. B. i, pi. 105; Lath, Syn. ii. 


p. 788. 
Plus petit Oiseau-Mouche, Buff. Nat. Hist Ois. vi. p. 11. 
Le plus petit Oiseau-Mouche d'Amerique, D'Aub. PL JEnl. 270. f. 1. 
Mellisuga, Briss. Orn, iii. p. 095. 
Trochilus minimus, Zinn. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 103; Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 
410 TROCH1LI. 

p. 500 j Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 320; J mil. X. Diet. d'Hist X. til. 
p. 369 * id. JEnc. Meth. p. 5t>8 j Less. Ind. Gen. Troeh. p. xxyii. 
Le tres petit Oiseau-Mouche, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 135, pi. 64. 
TrocMlus minutulus, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. ii. p. 73. 
Trochilus yieilloti, JShazv, Gen. Zool. yiii. p. 347. t 
Ornismya minima, Less. Hist. Xat. Ois.-Moaches, pp. xxxii, 213. '• 
Mellisuga humilis, Gosse, B. Jam. p. 127; March, Pr. Ac. Hill. 
18(53, p. 285 j Albrecht, J.f.O.n. 1862, p. 201. 
Trochilus Catherine, Salle, Rev. Zool. 1849, p. 498. 
Hylocharis nigra, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 114. 
Mellisuga minima, JBj?. Consp. AD. i. p. 81 ; id. Reu. Zool. 1854, 

p. 257 ; Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 0 ; id. Troeh. Enum. p. 3, pi. 680. 
If. 4490-93 ; Gould, Mon. Troeh. iii. pi. 133 (Nov. 1&51) ; id. Intr. 
Troeh. p. 87; JScL P. Z. S. 1857, p. 233; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 297; 
March, Br. Ac. Phil. 18(53, p. 2bo • Bryant, Pr. Bott. >%c. 2S.H. xi. 
p. 95* Blhot, Ibis, 1872, p. 354* id. Syn. Troeh. p. 103; Mids. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouchet, iv. p. 82, pi. 100. fT. 1, 2; id. Ami. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227; GundL J.f.O.n. Ifc74, p. 307 ; Cory, B. 
West Ltd. p. 149. 
Hylocharis niger, Bp. Consp. A v. i. p. 81. 
Zephyritis (Dyriniaj minima, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troeh. p. 88. 
Hylocharis minima, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 150. 
Dyrinia minima, Muls. ^* Verr. Class. Track, p. fc8. 


Adult male. Upper surface fining grass-green, rather du&ky on 
the crown, brighter on the rump ; under surface white, sides of 
the neck dusky, hanks washed with green, each feather of the 
throat with a round dusky discal spot; tail Hue-black; bill black. 
Total length about 2*6 inches, wing 1-5, tail 0*8, bill 0*0. 

Adult female, Like the male, but the under surface white, no-
spots on the throat, and the flanks hardly washed with green; tail 
with the three lateral rectrices on either side tipped with white. 

Rah. Jamaica and San Domingo. 

a-d. cfad.; e. $ Kingston, Jamaica, Aug. (O. Salvin-Godman & 
ad. sk. tialvin). ' Sclater Colls. 
/, g. <$ ad. • h. $ Jamaica {J. Hill). Gould Coll. 
ad.; i. juv. sk. 
j . Jjuv.sk. Jamaica. Gould Coll. 
k. 2 ad. &k. San Domingo. Gould Gull. 
/, m. <J; n. $. —,-P Gould CoU. 

118. CATHAEMA. 
Catharnia, Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 400 C. orthura. 

Range. Guiana and Venezuela. 

1. Catliarma ortbira. 
Trochilus orthura, Less. Hist. Nat. Troeh. pp. 85, 88, pis. 28, 29; id. 
Ind. Gin. Troeh. p. xxxiv. 
Trochilus orthurus, Reich. Aufz. d, Col. p. 12; id. Troeh. Enum. p. 10, 
pi. 825. fX 4948-9. F 
Catharma orthura, Elliot, Ibis, 1876, p. 400; id. Syn. Troeh. p. 112; 
Muh. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 6(1 

119 . ATTHIS. 411 
Adult mah* Upper surface dark sliming golden green, rather 
more bronzy on the middle of the back; throat glittering rosy red; 
breast white ; upper abdomen grey, the sides washed with shining 
green; flanks tinged with cinnamon; lower abdomen and under 
tail-coverts greyish white; central reotrices shining green, lateral 
purple-black tipped with white; bill black. Total length about 
3 inches, wing 1-3, tail u*75, bill 07. 

Young male* Upper surface dark shining golden green; throat 
glittering rosy red, the bases of the feathers and the sides of the 
throat and breast white: a dusky spot below the eye • middle of 
the abdomen whitish; tiauks and under tail-coverts cinnamon ; 
central rectrices shining golden green, the tips dark ; lateral rectrices 
purple-black, tipped with white; bill black. Total length 
about 2-D inches, wing 1-3, tail 0*75, bill 0*7. (Type of Lesson's 
plate 28.) 

Female. Similar to the young male; the throat white, each 
feather with a dusky or red discal spot. 

Hab* Guiana. 
a. S JUF. sk.
h. <$ ad. * c. S juv. sk.
d. $ ? sk. 
e. 5 r* sk. 
Cayenne. 
• Cayenne. 
[Cayenne.] 
Gould Coll. (Type 
of the species.) 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

119. ATTHIS. 
Type. 
TroeMlus §. Atthis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12 A. heloisse. 
Atthis, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 80, 

Range. Highlands of Southern Mexico and Guatemala. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Outermost primary attenuated towards the end ... . Jiehisce, p. 411, 
h. Outermost primary normal ellioti, p. 412. 
1. Atthis heloisse. 
Ornismya heloisse, Less, <$• Delattre, Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 15. 
Trochiliis 8. Atthis heloisse, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12; id. TrocL 
JEnum. p. 10. pi. 835.ff. 49G6-8. 

Selasphorus heloisse, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 141 (Oct. 1854); 
Scl Cat Am. B. p. 298; id. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 38 J, 1864, p. 177; 
31?d$. # Verr. Class. Troch. p. 89; de Oca, La Nat. ii. p. 19, pi. —. 

Tryphsena heloissa, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257; Stl P. Z. S. 185b, 

p. 297, 1859, p. 8G7. 
Atthis heloisse, Gould, Intr. Troch p. 89; A. Duges, La Nat. i. 
p. 141,-Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 357 ; Elliot, N. Am. B. i. pi. 21; id. 
8yn. Troch. p. 113; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 91; id, 
Ann. Soc. Lmn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227; Ridyic. Pr. U. 8. Nat. Mux, 
i. p. 10. 
Trochilus heloi^a, Gray, Hand~L B. i. p. 145. 
412 
TROCHILI. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green: throat glittering 
purple-red; breast, middle of the abdomen, and under tail-
coverts white; flanks pale cinnamon, many of the feathers with 
green discal spots : central rectrices like the back, lateral cinnamon 
at the base, white at the tip, and with a wide black subterminal 
band; bill black. Total length about 2-9 inches, wing 1*4, tail 0*9, 
bill 0-55. 

Female. Duller on the crown ; throat white, each feather with a 
shining golden-green discal spot. 
Hab. Southern Mexico. 

a, b. $ ad.; c. tfjuv.; Mexico (Floresi). Gould Coll. 

d, e. § ad. sk. 
/j 9-? ad« sk.
7i. $ ad. sk.

i,j. Ad. sk.

k, I £ ad. sk.

m, n. S ad. sk.

o. <$ ad. sk.
p-r. 
S ad.; s, t. $
ad. sk.

u. J ad. sk.
v. J ad. sk.
to. $ ad. sk.

&\ d ad. sk.

y. 
$ ad. ; z. J ad. sk. 
Valley of Mexico. 
Sierra de San Luis Potosi*
J uly ( W. B.Richardson}. 
Co ire de Perote, July (M.

Trvjillo). 
Jalapa (M. T.). 
Jalapa {de Oca).

 Jalapa {Hoge). 
Cuesta de Misantla, Jalapa, 
June (M. T.). 
Calvilio, Aguas Calientes,
July ( WjB.R.). 
Tepic,v Jalisco, May (W.

B. R). 
Chilpancingo, Guerrero,
July {Mrs. H. H. Smith). 
Oaxaca (Fenochio). 
Mexico.

%. AttMs ellioti. 

 Gould Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
€4ould Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Purchased. 

Selasphorus heloisse, ticl. § Sal>\ Ibis, 1859, p. 120; Salv. Ibis, 1859, 

p. 468, i860, pp. 195, 264, 271, 1862, p. 96 (nee Letts. $ Dei). 
Atthis ellioti, Ridgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. L p. 9; Elliot, 8yn. Track. 
p. 114. 
Similar to A. heloisce in all respects, except that the outermost 
primary is entire and not abruptly attenuated towards the end. 
Hah. Highlands of Guatemala. 

a~d. <S acl. sk. El Rincon, San Marcos, Gua- Salvin-Godman ColL 
temala, Oct. (TV. B. Richardson). 


e-i. <$ ad.;/ $ad.
sk.

k. <$ ad. sk.
I, m. <$ ad.; n. $
juv.; o, p. 2ad. sk. 

y, r, tS ad. sk.

 Chuipacbe, Quezaltenango, Salvin-Godman ColL 
Guatemala, Sept( W.B.R.). 
Volcan de Santa Maria, near Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Quezaltenango, Auor. ( W. 


B. JR.). 
Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala Salvin-Godman ColL 
(0* Salvin). 

 Calderas, V. de Fuego, Sept. Salvin-Godman ColL 

(0. &). 
120 , STELXTJLA. 413 
*• 6 ad. sk. Chilasco, Guatemala, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t. d ad. sk.
u-w. <$ ad. sk.
#. c? ad. sk.
(O.S.fyF.JD. G.). 
Guatemala (0. S.). 
Guatemala (Skinner). 
Coban, Guatemala. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

120. 
STELLULA. 
Type. 
Stellula, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 90 S. calliope 
Zephyritis (Stellura), Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 88 
a (1865) S. caUiope. 
Stellura, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227 (1875). S. calliope. 
Range. California to Central Mexico. 

1. Stellula calliope. 
TrocMlus (Calothorax) calliope, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 10. 
Calothorax calliope, Bjp. Consp. Av. i. p. 85; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 257 j Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 142 (Sept. 1857); Xantus, 
JPr. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 190; Gray, Kand-l. B. i. p. 135; de Oca, 
La Nat. iii. p. 27. 
Lucifer b. Calotkorax calliope, Reich. Aufz. d. Col, p. IS. 

Stellula calliope, Gould, Intr. Troch. p. 90; Elliot, B. N. Am. i. 
pi. 23; id. Syn. Troch. p. 115; Villada, La Nat. ii. p. 359; 
Belding, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 426. 

Zepkyritis (Stellura) calliope, Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 88. 
Stellura calliope, Muls. Hist Nat Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 87; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 227. 
Trochilus calliope, Scott, Auk, iii. p. 431; Merrill, Auk, vi. p. 257. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green, duller on the 
crown ; under surface white, the feathers of the throat much elongated 
laterally and each ending with a glittering rosy-red oval spot, 
the white of the base of the feathers showing especially towards 
the chin ; flanks tinged with buff and washed with green; central 
rectrices like the back, lateral dark without light tips, but narrowly 
edged with cinnamon towards the base; bill black. Total length 
about 2-9 inches, wing 1*5, tail 0*9, bill 0*65. 

Female. Throat white, each feather with a small golden-green 
discal spot • flanks and under tail-coverts pale cinnamon ; lateral 
rectrices tipped with white. 
Mob. Western North America and Central Mexico. 

a. 
cf ad. sk. Fort Klamath, Oregon, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Capt Bendire). 
b. 
<S ad.; c. $ ad. Rocky Mountains. J. K. Lord [P.]. 
sk 
d. dad.sk. Lat.48°40'N. — Vaux [P.]. 
e. (S ad. sk. Cohuila Valley, Oal.; April G. F. Morcom [P.]. 
(F. Stephens). 
f. 
S ad. sk. Oakland, Gal., April (W. E. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Bryant). 
g. t? ad.; L $ ad. Honey Lake, Cal., June (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. W. Henshaw). 
414 
TKOCHIfX 

i-t. (3 ad.; u-z. g Santa Fe MK, X. Mevieo Salun-Godman Coll 
juv.; d~df, 9 ad.; (II W. II.).
e'. 5 JUY- ^k. 

/,/ . <J ad. sk. Colton. Cal., April (Jl #<?- Satan-Godman Coll. 
phens). 
//'. J ad. sk. San Bernardino, Cal., June Salvin-Godmaa Coll. 

(F. Stephens). 
%'. 5 ad. sk. "White Mts., Arizona, Aug. Salyin-Godman Coll. 
(JET. W. m). 
;'. d ad. &k. Arizona (E. W. E). Salyin-Godman Coll. 

V. $ ad. &k. Mexico (Floresi). Gould Coll. 
/'. c? ad. sk. Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m'-o'. S ad. j //. Valley of Mexico. Gould Coil. 
cT juv. sk. 
</'. </ ad. sk. Valley of Mexico (Boucard). Selater Coll. 
r\ s'. <$ ad. sk Ajusco, Vallev of Mexico, Salvin-Gudman Coll. 

Sept. (XT. B. Richardson), 
t'. $ ad. sk. Amula, Guerrero, Aug. (Mrs. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
JET. H. Smith). 

121. CKZETOCEBCUS * 
Type. 
Chaetocercus, Gray, Gen. $ Subgen. B. p. 22 (1355J .. . C. jourdani. 
Ornismya (Gsalia), Mids. # Verr. Class. Track, p. 92 

(1805) 0. jourdani 
Polyxemus, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, IT. p. 123 
(1877) C. bomkto. 
Range. Venezuela, Trinidad, Ecuador, and Tucuman. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Second and third rectrices from the outside 
longest, equal in width and subequal in length. 
a'. Longest rectrices with the basal portion of the 
inner web, including the shaft, cinnamon. 
a". Throat glittering rosy-red ro$&, p. 414. 
¥'. Throat glittering violet-red jourdani, p. 415. 

V. 
Second rectrix black, third cinnamon on its 
inner web for nearly its whole lensrth hirmeisteri, p. 415. 
b. 
Second rectrix from the outside shorter than the 
third and acute; throat glittering rosy-red bo?nbm, p. 416. 
1. Chaetocercus rosae. 
Trochilus rosse, Bourc. § Mais. Ann. So. Pkys. et Nat Lyon. ix. p. 316 
(1846). 
Mellisuga rosse, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113, 
Lucifer d. Calothorax rosse, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Calothorax rosse, Bp. Rev. ZooL 1854, p. 257; Gould. Mon. Trock. 


iii. pi. 149 (Sept. 1857); Gray, Band-L B. i. p. 145. 
Chaetocercus rosae, Cab. fy Seme, Mus. Mem. iii. p. 60; Gould, Inir. 
Trock p. 92; Scl. # Salv. P.Z.S. 1868, p. 629, 1875, p. 235; 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-M ouches, iv. p. 127, pi. 112; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228; Elliot, Syn. Trock. p. 121. 

Ornismya (Osalia) rosse, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Track, p. 02. 

* I do not know the bird from Ecuador described (Mem. Soc. Zool. Fr. 1880, 
p. 230) by M. Simon as:—-CJFLETOCERCTJS BEELEPSCHIL 
415 

121 . CHJBTOCETtCUS. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green ; throat glittering 
rosy red ; breast white; abdomen and under tail-coverts 
shining green; four median rectrices like the back, the two next on 
either side purple-black, the basal portion of the inner web including 
the &hatt cinnamon; outermost rectrix short, acute, and 
purple-black; bill black. Total length about 2*8 inches, wing 1*35; 
tail, central rectrices 0*4, longest 0*9 ; bill 0*6. 

Female. Under surface cinnamon, paler in the middle of the 
abdomen ; a dark spot below the eye ; flanks shining green; lateral 
rectrices cinnamon, with a wide subterminal black band. 

Hah. Yenezuela. 

a, tf ad. sk. Sierra Nevada, Merida, Vene- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
zuela (Goering). 

b. <$ ad.; c. § ad. Venezuela (Spence). Sclater Coll. 
sk. 
d. 
<$ ad.; e. $ Venezuela {Salle). Salvin-G-odman Coll. 
juv. sk. 
/. <$ ad.; g. J ad. Venezuela. E. Dyson [C.]. 
sk. 
h-Jc. <$ ad.; I. <$ [Venezuela.] Salvin-Godman & 
juv.; m, n. J Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. 

o. c? ad.; p. 3 ad. Venezuela. E. Dyson [C.]. 
st. 
2. disetocercus jourdani. 
Omismya jourdani, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 295; id. Ann. So. 

Rhys, et Nat. Lyon, ix. p. 227, pis. 5, 6 (1846). 
Meliisusra )ourdani, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 113. 
Calothorax jourdani, Bp. Consp. AD. i. p. 85; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 257 ; Gould, Mon. Troth, iii. pi. 150 (May 1861). 
Lucifer h. Calothorax jourdani, Reich. Aufa. d. Col. p. 13. 
Chsetocercus jourdani, Gray, List Gen. B. (1855) p. 22; Goidd, 
Intr. Troch. ^. 92; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, iv. p. 125; id. 

Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228 ; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 121. 
Omismya (Osalia) jourdani, Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 92. 
Trochilus jourdani, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 145. 

Similar to C. rosce in all respects, but with the throat glittering 
violet-red instead of rosy red. 
Hah. Trinidad I. 

a-f. <$ ad.; g. 6 jnv.; h. [Trinidad.] Salvin-Godman & Gould 
J ad. sk. Colls. 

3. CkaBtocercixs btirmeisteri. 
Ch»tocercus burmeisteri, Scl P. Z. S. 1887. p. 638; Sel 8? Hudson, 
Arg. Orn, ii. p. % pi. 11; Bwm. Ibis, 1890, p. 384. 

Allied to C. rosce and G. jourdani, but with the tail differently 
coloured, the second rectrix from outside being wholly black and 
the next one cinnamon over nearly the whole of the inner web. 

Dr. Burmeister, in his description, says that the type has only 

41 0 
TROCHILI. 

eight rectrices; 1 think he must have overlooked the outermost, 
which in this genus is small and acute. 

The tail, if the outermost rectrix is present, is similar in form to 
that of C. rosce, the second and third rectrices being equal and 
longest, neither of them tapering to a point. In C. bombus the 
second rectrix is shorter than the third and tapers to a point. 

Only known from a young male specimen now in the Museum at 
Buenos Ay res. 
Hab. Tucuman. 

4. Chaetocercus bombus. 
Chaetocercus 
bombus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1870, pp. 803, 804; Muls. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 122 ; 
Taez. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 237,1880, p. 206,1882, p. 35; id. Orn. Per. 

i. p. 309; Berl # Tacz. P. Z.S. 1883, p. 568, 1884, p. 300, 1885, 
p. 102. 
Polyxernus bombus, Muls. Hist, Nat. Ois.-Jdouches, iv. p. 123, pi. 111. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining green; throat glittering rosy 
-red, the same colour as that of C. rosce ; breast buff; middle of the 
abdomen greyish; flanks shining green; under tail-coverts green, 
edged with white; tail purple-black, including the four central 
feathers, the edge of the inner web of the third rectrix from the 
outside buff for half its length; outermost and next rectrices acute, 
the tip of the latter falling between that of the former and the third 
or longest feather; bill black. Total length about 2-6 inches, 
wing 1,- tail, central rectrices 0*35, longest 0-2; bill 0*6. 

Female. Upper surface shining golden green, duller on the head; 
under surface cinnamon, paler on the sides of the neck and the 
middle of the abdomen; a dusky spot below the eye; tail cinnamon 
: a wide subterminal purple-black band. 


Hab. Ecuador. 

a-c. o* ad.; df e. Citado, Ecuador {Buckley) Gould Coll. (Types 
2 ad. sk. of the species.) 


f, 
g. $ ad. sk. Baisa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvm-Godman Coll. 

h. 
o*&d.; i. c?juv.; Jima, Ecuador (Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
j, k. J ad. sk. 
I J ad. sk. Balzar Mts., Ecuador (lUing- Salviu-Godman Coll. 
worth). 
m, <$ ad. sk. Tambillo, Peru (Stolzmann) Sclater Coll. 

n. 
$ ad.; o. $ ad. ? Gould Coll. 
sk. 
p. <$ juv. sk. Peru ? 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
122. MYBTIS. 
Type.

Lucifer /3. Myrtis, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 

M. fanny. 
Myrtis, Cab. $• Heinef Mm. Hein. iii. p. 59 

M. fanny. 
Zephyritis (Myrtis), Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 87 
(1865) 

M. yarrelli. 
Eudosia, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228 (1875) M. yarrelli. 
Euclidia, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 114 (1877) M. yarrelli. 
Mange. Western Ecuador and Western Peru. 

122. MYRTIS. 
417 
to 
$ie

Key Species, 

Throat glittering caerulean blue, bordered beneath 

by violet; four lateral rectrices on either side 

equal in width and length 
fanny, p. 417. 

Throat glittering violet-red; three lateral rectrices 

on either side equal in length, very narrow and 

acute 
yarrelli, p. 418. 

1. Myrtis fanny. 
Ornismya fanny, Less. Ann. Sc. Nat. (2) ix. p. 170 (1838) : id. Rev. 
Zool 1838, p. 314. 
Trochilus labrador, Boure. Ann. Sc. Pkys, et Nat. Lyon, ii. p. 389, 
pi. 8 (1839); Belattre, Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 811. 
Lucifer /3. Myrtis fanny, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13. 
Lucifer /3. Myrtis labrador, Reich. Troch. JEnum. p. 10, pi. 844. if. 
4992-5. 
Lucifer labrador, Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
Calothorax fanny, Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 151 (Sept. 1856); Gray, 
Hand-l. B. i. p. 135. 
Calothorax fannias, Scl P. Z. S. 1858, p. 459. 
Myrtis fanny, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 59; Gould, Intr. 
Troch. p. 93; Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iv. p» 33; id. Ann* 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 226; JElUot, 8yn. Troch. p. 127 ; Tacz. 

P. 
Z. S. 1879, p. 238,1880, p. 206,1882, p. 35; id. Orn. Per. I 
p. 312; Salv. P. Z. S.1883, p. 425 ; Berl # Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884,p. 306. 
Myrtis fannias, Goidd, Intr. Troch. p. 93. 
Thaumastura franceseas, Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 299; Scl P. Z. S. 1869, 
p, 146,1871, p. 498. 
Zephyritis (Myrtis) fannyae, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 89. 
Myrtis francescse, Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 987, 1868, p. 569. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining bronzy green, duller on the 
crown, lighter on the rump and upper tail-coverts*; throat glittering 
cserulean blue, bordered below by violet; breast, middle of the 
abdomen, and under tail-coverts white, flanks washed with shining 
green; four outer rectrices on either side purple-black, the innermost 
tinged with green on the upper surface; bill black. Total 
length about 3-5 inches, wing 1*5, tail 1-2, bill 0*8. 

Female. Upper surface shining olive-green, duller on the crown; 
under surface cinnamon, paler on the throat, white on the middle 
of the abdomen; central rectrices coloured like the back; lateral 
cinnamon at the base, broadly tipped with white, and with a wide 
black subterminal band. 

Hob. "Western Ecuador and Peru. 

a. 
cj ad.; b. $ Monji, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
c. c? ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d, e. J ad. ,f, g* Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
h>1

c?juv.;

$ ad. sk. 

j. 
Ad. sk. Puellaro, Ecuador (Prase)-). Sclater Coll. 
vox. xvi. 2 E 
418 
TROCHILI, 

Jc, I $ ad.; m. S Ecuador, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
juv.; n. $ aa*. 
sk. 

o. § ad. sk. Ecuador. L. Eraser [C.]. 
p, q. Juv. sk. Lima, Peru {Nation). Sclater Coll. 
r. S j^ v- sk. Lima (A. H. Markham). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
s-u. S ad.; v, w. Islav, Peru, Jan., Aug., Oct Salvin-Godman & 
5 ad.sk. (H. WMtely). Gould Colls. 

x. <$ ad. sk. Peru ( Warszexwez). Gould Colh 
y. 2 ad. skeleton. 
Gould ColL 
2. Myrtis yarrelli. 
Trochilus yarrelli, Bourc. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 45. 
Calotkorax yarrelli, Gould, Mon. Troeh. iii. pi. 152 (May 1852). 
Lucifer d. Calotliorax yarrelli, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 1§,* id. Troeh. 


Fnum. p. 10, pi. 850. n\ 5014-6. 
Tryph&na yarrelli, i?/>. Rev. Zool 1854, p. 257. 
Myrtis yarrelli, Gould, Intr. Troeh. p. 98; Gray, Hand-l B. I 

p. 136; Whitely, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 187; Elliot, Syn. Troeh. 
p. 137 ; Tacss. Orn. Per. i. p. 311. 
Eukdia yarrelli, Mute. Hist. Nat. Gis.-Motiehes, iv. p. 115 ; id. Ann. 
Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 228. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining olive-green; throat glittering 
violet-red; rest of the under surface white, flanks faintly tinged 
with green; short central rectrices and the next pair coloured 
like the hack, the three lateral rectrices on either side uniform 
blackish brown ; bill black. Total length about 3*1 inches, wing 
1-2, tail 1-2, bill 0-55. 

Female. Upper surface shining golden green, duller on the 
crown; under surface white, slightly tinged with buff on the sides 
of the neck, flanks, and upper tail-coverts; central rectrices coloured 
like the back; lateral buff at the base, broadly tipped with white, 
and with a wide subterminal black band. 

Hab. South-western Peru and Western Bolivia. 

a. (5* ad.; b. § ad. sk. Arica, Peru. Gould Coll. 
c. o* ad.; d. § ad. sk. [Peru.] Gould Coll. 
123. 
THAUMASTUEA. ^ 
Type. 
Thaumastura, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 85 (1850) T. cora. 
Heliactin (Thaumastura), Mute, fy Verr. Class. Troeh. 

p. 91 (1865) T. cora. 
Range. Western Peru. 
1. Thaumastura cora. 
Ornismya cora, Less, fy Gam. Voy. Coq. pi. 13. f. 4; Less. Hist. Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxi, 53, pi. 6; id. Hist. Nat. Track pp. 10^, 
111, pis. 39, 40; ffiOrb. $ Lafr. Syn. Av. ii. p. 31. 

Trochilus cora, Less. Lnd. GSn. Troeh. p. xxxii. 
Trochilus (Phaetornis) cora, Tsch. Faun. Per. p. 245, 
Thaumastura cora, Bp. Consp. Av, L p. 85; id. Rev. Zool 1854^, 


124 . LOPHOKNIS. 
419 

p. 257; JDes Murs in Cast. Voy. i. p. 41; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii 
pi. 153 (May 1857) ; id. Intr. Troch. p. 93; Cab. $ Heine, Mus, 
Hem. iii. p. 58; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 299; Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 987, 1868, pp. 568, 569; Nation, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 498 
Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 543, 1880, p. 306; id. Orn. Per. i. p. 314, 
Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 8, pi. 100; id. Ann. Soc. 
Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 225; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 123; Salv, P. Z. S. 
1883, p. 425. 
Lucifer y. Thaumastura cora, Peich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 13 ; id. Troch. 

Bnum. p. 10, pi. 846. ff. 4999-5000. 

Heliactin (Thaumastura) cora, Muls. $* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 91. 

Calotliorax cora, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 135. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green; throat glittering 
rosy red in the middle, and shading into cserulean blue towards the 
sides; rest of the under surface white, flanks tinged with shining 
green ; central rectrices very short;, white, dusky on the outer web; 
the next pair yery long, white on the inner web, and shaft blackish 
on the outer web and the whole of the tip ; the remaining lateral 
rectrices gradually shorter towards the outside, blackish, with a 
white margin to the inner web; bill black. Total length about 
%'Q inches, wing 1*5; tail, central rectrices 0*55, next pair 4*5, 
outermost pair 1; bill 0*7. 

Female. Under surface white, throat and flanks tinged with buff; 
tail cuneate ; central rectrices coloured like the back, lateral white 
at the base and at the tip, with a wide subterminal black band. 

Hah Western Peru. 

a. J ad. sk. Lima, Peru (Nation). 
Sclater Coll. 
b. S juv. sk. Lima (A. H. Marhham). 
Salvin-Godman OoU. 
c-g. S 
juv.; h. Valley of the Rimac/Peru Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (A. H. Marhham). 

i. $ ad.sk. ~Pem (Warszewiez). Gould OoU. 
j-u. <$ ad. ;v,to. Axequipa, Peru, Feb. to June Salvin-Godman, 
9ad.sk. 
(W.Whitely). Tweeddale, & 
Gould Colls. 

x. S ad. sk. 
Purchased. 
124. LOPHORNIS * Typ0 
Lophornis, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, p. xxxvii • 
(1829) L. ornatus. 
Bellatrix, Boie, Isis, 1831, p. 545 L. ornatus. 
Lophorinus, Bp. Pev. Zoot. 1854, p. 257 L. delattrii 
Pofemistria, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 63 ... . L. verreauxi. 
Telamon, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 75 (1865).. L. delattrii. 
Paphosia, Muls. fy Verr. Class. Troch. p. 75 (1865).. L. helenae. 
Dialia, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223 
(1875) # : L. adorabilis. 
Idas, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223 ... . L. magnificus. 
Aurinia, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223 .. L. verreauxi. 


Range. Southern Mexico, southwards to Bolivia and Southeastern 
Brazil. 

* I do not know the species from Colombia described by M. Simon (Bull. 
Soc. Zool. Pr, xv. p. 17) as:—LOPHORNIS INSIGNIBARBIS. 
2B2 

420 
TKOCHILI. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throat and chin glittering green. 
a'. Abdomen grey, washed with green. 
a". Lateral cervical feathers much elongated; 
no pectoral spot of white feathers. 
a'". Lateral cervical feathers not dilated at 
the tips, terminating with glittering 
green round spots. 


a4. Lateral cervical feathers cinnamon .. ornatus, p. 420. 
IK Lateral cervical feathers white goukli, p. 421. 

b"'. Lateral cervical feathers dilated at the 
tips and terminating with transverse 
glittering green spots magnifiem, p. 422. 

b". Lateral cervical feathers not elongated; a 
pectoral spot of narrow white feathers. 


c"\ Crest-feathers narrow at the tips, and 
only the longest tipped with golden 
green. 


c4. Ends of the longest crest-feathers 
slightly spatuled, and spots larger .. regulus, p. 423. 
d\ Ends of the crest-featners pointed; 
spots evanescent delating p. 423. 
d'". Crest-feathers wider, all tipped with 

large purple-hlack spots stictolo])hus, p. 424, 
b'. Abdomen white, spangled with golden spots . helenm, p. 425. 
e'. Abdomen cinnamon adorahilis, p. 425. 

b. Throat and chin not ornamented with glittering 
feathers. 
d'. Elongated lateral cervical feathers narrow, 
tipped with white. 
c". Breast greyish; no occipital crest chalybeus, p. 426. 
d". Breast black; a short occipital crest ... . verreauxi, p. 427. 

e\ 
Elongated lateral cervical feathers wide, with 
a subterminal black spot; no occipital crest, pavoninus, p. 427, 

1. Lophornis ornatus. 
Oiseau-Mouche, dit Hupe-col de Cayenne, oVAub. PL Enl. 640. 
f. 3. 
Trochilus ornatus, JBodd. Tabl. PL Enl. p. 39; Gm. Syst. Nat. I. 
p. 497; Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 318; And. $ YieilL Ois. Dor. i. p. 113, 
pis. 49-51; VieilL N. Diet. dHist. N. Tii. p. 364; id. Enc. Meth. 
p. 565; Less, Ind, Gen. Troch. pi. xli; Gray, Hand-L B. I. 
p. 146. 
Ornismya ornata, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Moiwhes, pp. xl, 139, pi. 41 ; 
id. Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 77, pi. 24; id. Traite d'Orn. p. 285. 
Lophornis auratus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 83; Des Murs in Cast Voy. 

i. p. 41. 
Lophornis ornatus, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Troch Enum. 
p. 9, pi. 811. ff. 4889-91; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257; Gould, 
Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 117 (Sept. 1855); id. Intr. Troch. p. 82; Cab. 
Sr Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 62; ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 295 ; E. C. 
Taylor, Ibis, 1863, p. 91; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 76; 
Mvls, Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 215, iv. p. 219; id. Ann, 
124. LOPHORNIS. 
JSoc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223; Elliot, Syn. Troch p. 134; Salv. 
Cat Strickl. Coll p. 363 ; id. Ibis, 1885, p. 433. 
Mellisuga ornata, L&ot. Ois. Trin. p. 148 (1866). 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden green; a transverse 

band across the rump bufFy white; upper tail-coverts purple-

bronze ; crest elongated, dark cinnamon; forehead, lores, and 

throat glittering green, the latter bordered with cinnamon ; lateral 

cervical feathers much elongated, graduated, cinnamon, each 

tipped with a round glittering-green spot; abdomen grey; the 

breast, flanks, and under tail-coverts shining green, each feather 

of the latter with a pale cinnamon edge; tail cinnamon, the 

central rectrices widely, the rest more narrowly edged with golden 

green on the outer web ; bill flesh-colour, the tip black. Total 

length about 2*8 inches, wing 1*6, tail 0-95, bill 0*5. 

Female. Upper surface shining golden green, rather darker on the 
crown ; rump and upper tail-coverts like those of the male; throat 
and under tail-coverts cinnamon; breast greyish white; abdomen 
shining green, the middle grey; central rectrices shining green, 
tipped with cinnamon, and with a subterminal purple-black band; 
remainder cinnamon, greenish on the middle, and with a dark 
subterminal band. 

Young birds in first complete plumage have a whitish throat, 
each feather bearing a dusky discal spot. In the females these are 
followed by cinnamon feathers. 

Hal. Trinidad, Venezuela, and Guiana. 

a-d. 8 ad.; e. $ (Trinidad skins.) Salvin-Godman & 

ad. sk. Gould Colls. 
/ r? ad ; a. 2 Carimang E., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll, 
J ad.; h,i.% Feb., July to Oct. (H. 

•juv. sk. Whiiely). 
j. 
<J ad. 5^. $ Roraima, Feb., July (H W.). Salvin-Godman ColL 
juv. sk. 
I 2 lu v sk- (Cayenne skin.) Gould Coll. 
m V ad. sk. '* Amazon Valley." Gould Coll. 

n. d ad. sk. 
Purchased, 
2. Lophornis gouldi. 
Ornismya gouldi, Less. Hist. Nat. Troch. p. 103, pi. 36. 
Trochilus gouldi, Less. Ind. Gin. Troch. p. xli. 
Lophornis xeginse, Schreibers, Collect. Faun. Bras. pi. 1. 
Lophornis gouldi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 83; id. Rev. Zool. 1854,. 


p. 257; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pL 118 (Sept. 1855); id. Into. 
Troch. p. 83; Muls. Sf Verr. Class. Troch. p. 76; Salv. Sr Elliot, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 278; Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 218; id. 
Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 134. 
Bellatrix 
gouldi, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Troch. Enum. p. 9, 
pL 813. f. 4901. 

Bellatrix reginje, Reich. Troch. Enum. p. 9, pi. 813. ft. 4899-900. 

Adult male. Similar to that of L. ornatus, but with the elongated 
lateral cervical feathers white instead of cinnamon, but tipped m 

422 
TEOCHILI. 

the same way with round glittering green spots, the feathers being 
hardly, if at all, widened at the tip ; the bases of the gnlar feathers 
are also white, not cinnamon as in both L. ornatus and L. magnificus. 


Hah. Lower Amazons Valley. 

a. d ad.; b. 2 ad.; Para (Eauiwell). Gould Coll. 
c. 2 juv. sk. 
d. <$ ad.sk. [Probably Para{HauxwelT).'] Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. S ad. sk. [N. Brazil] Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f-h. J ad.; I $ [Amazons.] Gould Coll. 
3. Lophornis magnificus. 
Trochilus magnificus, Yieill Ois. Dor. i. pi. 8 ; id. X. Diet. cTffist X. 
V± p. 367, xxiii. p. 428, pi. G. 36. f. 3; id. JEnc. Meth. p. 559; 
Temm. Tl. Col. 229. f. 2; Wied, Beitr. iv. p. 79; Gray, Hand-l 

B. i. p. 147. 
Colibris helios, Spiv, Av. Bras. i. p. 81, pi. 82. f 2. 
Trochilus decorus, Licht. Vera. Dotthl p. 14, 
Ornismya btrumaria, Less Mist. Xat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xl, 143, 
pis. 42, 43. 
Trochilus strumaria, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xli. 
Lophornis strumaria, Less. Traite d*Orn. p. 28o. 
Ornismya magnifica, Less. Man. Orn. ii. p. 80. 
Lophornis magnificus, Bp. CUisp. Av. i. p. ?N3 ; id. Bei\ Zoul. 1854, 

p. 257; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. Ill) (Sept. 1855); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 83; JDes Murs in Cast. Voy. i. p. 41; Burm. tiyst. Veb. 
ii. p. 353; Cab. fy Seine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 02; Xd. Cat Am. B. 
p. 295 ; Mtds. § Terr. Cla*. Troch. p. 70 ; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 22 ; 
Beinh. Vidensk. Medd. Xat For. Xpb. p. 110 ; Elliot, Sipi. Troch. 
p. 135. 
Bellatrix magnifica, JReich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Troch. Enum. 
p. 9, pl.813.rl. 4897-8. 
Idas magnificus, Muls. Mist Xat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 211, pi. 92; 
id. Ann, Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223. 

Adult male. Similar to that of L. goiddi, but with the white 
elongated lateral cervical feathers expanded towards the end, 
where they are edged rather than spotted with glittering green; 
the shortest of these lateral feathers, as well as the bases of tho^e 
of the glittering throat, are cinnamon as in L. ornatus^ whereas in 

L. 
gouldi they are all white at the base. 
Hah. South-eastern Brazil. 
a, b d ad.; c. Novo Fribourgo, Rio ( Yoitds"). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Juv. sk. 

d-h, (5 ad.; i-l Brazil. 
Gould Coll. 

Juv.; m. J ad. 

sk. v 

n. 6 ad. sk. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{H. H. Smith). 
o, S ad.; p. <j> Purchased, 
ad. st 

124. LOPHOENIS. 
423 

4. Lophornis regulus. 
Trocliilus- regulus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 89; Gray. Hand-L B. 1. 
p. 147. 
Lophornis 
regulus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. 84; Gould, Mon. Trock iii. 
pi. 120 (Sept. 1855) ; id. Infr. Trock p. 83: Elliot. Syn. Trock 

p. 133 ; Scl. £ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 628. 
Lophornis lophotes, Gould, Intr. Trock p. 83, 
Telanion regulus, Muls. $ Verr. Class. Trock p. 75; Muls. Risk Nat. 
Ois.-Mouches, iii. pi. 90. f. 1; id, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 222. 
Adult male. Similar to that of L. ornatus on the upper surface, 
abdomen, and tail; crest much elongated, the longest feathers only 
slightly spatuled and tipped with small greenish-black spots; the 
lateral cervical feathers are cinnamon at the base and tipped with 
glittering green ; and beneath the green throat is a patch of narrow 
elongated white feathers; the bases of the gular feathers are buff. 

Female. Abdomen cinnamon rather than grey ; the forehead and 
half the crown cinnamon. 

The type of Gould's L. lophotes has a rather fuller crest than 
usual in L. regulus, and the terminal spots are rather larger, 
but the difference can hardly be considered specific. 

Hab. Peru and Bolivia. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Peru. Gould OolL 
(Type of L. lophotes.) 
h. S ad.; c. $ Tilotolo, Bolivia (Buckley). Sal vin-Godman Coll. 
juv.; d. § ad. 
sk. 
e-g. d ad.; h, i. $ Bolivia (Buckley). Gould Coll. 
juv. ;j. 2 ad. 
sk. 

k. <$ ad. sk. Bolivia (Bridges ?). Gould Coll. 
i-n. c? ad.; o. $ [Bolivia.] Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. (Types of the species*)) 

5. Lophornis delattrii. 
Grnismya (Lophornis) delattrii, Less. Rev. Zool. 1839rp. 19. 
Lophornis delattrii, Beiek Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; Bp. Consp. Av. i. 

p. 83; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257; Gould, Mon. Trock iii. pi. 121 
(Sept. 1861); id. Intr. Trock p. 84; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. 
p. 465; Scl fy Salv. P.Z.JS.1864, p. 365; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, 
p. 207; Elliot, Syn. Trock p. 133; Tacz. Orn. PSr. i. p. 299; 
Berl. J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 329. 
Telamon 
delattrii, Muls. § Verr. Class. Trock p. 75; Muls. Hist 
Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 199; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 222. 
Trochilus delattrii, Gray, Hand-l B. i. p. 146. 
Adult male, Yery similar to that of L. regulus, but the points of 
the crest-feathers are more acute and the terminal spots in some 
specimens are almost in others quite obsolete. 

Female. Like that sex of L. regulus, but with a large black pectoral 
patch. 

424 
TKOCHILI. 

This species is doubtfully distinct from L. regulus, but if the 
adult females can be separated by the presence in L.ddattm of a 
dark pectoral spot, their distinctness is more assured. I am not 
certain, however, if this character can be depended upon, 

Hab. Panama and Colombia. 
Salvin-Godmaii &

a, b. $ ad. sk. Laguna del Castillo, Panama 

Sclater Colls, 

(Arce). 

Salvin-Godman &

c-f: tfad.; g. <$ Castillo, Panama (Arce), 

Gould Colls. 

juv. sk. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
». d ad.; j. $ Lion Hill, Panama (McLean-Sarrin-Godm«in Cull. 
ad. sk. nan). 
k $ ad. sk. Panama (Arce). 


h. 2 ad. sk. Chitra, Panama (Arce). 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 

I. S ad. sk. Panama (Boncard). Gould Coll, 
m. $ ad.; n. $ Chepo, Panama (Arce). Salvin-Godman G»H. 
ad. sk. 
o-r. <3 ad.; s.6 Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman k 
juv.; t, u. $ (Umhl Collfi. 
ad, sk. 


6. Lophornis stictolophus. 
Lophornis reginae, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 9f> (W ficfavtifr*}; id. 
Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 122 (Sept. 1355); id. Intr* Tru/t. p. ^4 ; lip. 
Consp.Av.i.y.&i; id. Rev. Zool 1854, p. *Jo7; 3ful$. 4* Vtrr. 
Class. Troch. p. 75 ; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 18l>, p. VdU • Pelz, Orn. 
Bras. p. 32. 

Bellatrix regina, JReich. Aafz. d. Col. p. 12. 
Trochilus reginse, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 147. 
Lophornis stictolophus, Salv. fy Elliot, lhis7 lh7% p. 2S0: M&4f 


Syn. Troch. p. 133; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 32ft 
Telamon strictolophus, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Moiieke,\ iii. p. 20], 
pi. 90. f. % iv. p. 219. 

Adult male. Similar to those of L. delaitrii and Z. regvbi89 but 
with the feathers of the crest much wider, the terminal spots larger 
and distributed over the feathers of the whole crest instead of duly 
the longest. 

The female has a good deal of black on the throat, but I am not 
sure that I can always distinguish the females of L. sikUhphns and 

Z. delattrii, both birds being found in the same or neighbouring 
districts. 
Hab. Yenezuela and Colombia. 

a. tf ad.; b. $ Saj Estehan, Venezuela Sclater Coll. 
ad. sk. (Hanke). 
c. <J ad. sk. Colombia (Z. de Geofroy). Salvin-Godm&xi Coll. 
&4. S 
ad.; m. Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman k 
(S juv.; n, o. Gould Colli, 
$ ad. sk. 

124. L0PH0RN1S* 
425 

7. Lophomis helense, 
Ornlsmya helenae, Delattre, Echo du Monde Sav. 1843, p. 1068; id. 
Bev. Zool. 1843, p. 133. 
Lophornis helense, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 83; id. Bev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 257; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12; id. Troch. Enum. p. 9, pi. 811. 
f. 4892; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 123 (Sept. 1855); id. Mr. 
Trooh.-p.84:; Scl. $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 130; Salv. Ibis, 18G0, 
pp. 194, 196, 267; Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 295; de Oca, La Nat. iii. 
p. 300, pi. •—; Elliot, Si/n. Troch. p. 135. 
Papliosia helenas, Mais. 4* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 75; Mids. Hist. 
Nat. Oi$.-Mouche$, iii. p. 205, pi. 91. f. 2; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 222; Boucard. P. Z. S. 1&76, p. 70. 

Trocbilus helenas, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 140. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining golden bronze: the rump, 

upper tail-coverts, and tail like the other species of this group; 

crown dark glittering green, the feathers of its sides much elon


gated, tapering rather abruptly, and ending in long narrow black 

plumes ; throat glittering green, rounded below, and bordered by 

black feathers reflecting dark purple in certain incidence of light; 

some of the lateral feathers of this black band are elongated and cin


namon on their inner webs; below the black is a dark shining 

golden band ; abdomen white, spangled with golden spots; under 

tail-coverts cinnamon ; bill flesh-colour, the tip black. Total length 

about 8 inches, wing 1*6, tail 1, bill 0*6. 

Female. Crown shining golden bronze, darker than the back and 

without elongated lateral feathers; throat buffy white, each feather 

with a dark golden discal spot; a large black spot below the eye. 

Hob. Southern Mexico, Guatemala and Costa Rica. 

a-d. <$ ad.; e. <$ Coban, Guatemala, Nov. (O. S.). Salvin-Godman & 
juv. *, / . $ ad. Sclater Colls. 
sk, 


q. <$ ad. sk. Chisec, Guatemala (O. S. fy Tweeddale Coll. 
F. D. G.). 
h-k. 
<$ ad.; I, m. Guatemala. Salvin-Godman & 
S juv. sk. Gould Colls. 


n. c?juv. sk. Turrialba, Costa Rica (Arci). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o. 2 ad. ,* p. Juv. Tucurriqui, Costa Rica (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
q-s. Juv. sk. Costa Rica (Entires). Gould Coll. 

t. S 
ad.; u. S Costa Rica. Salvin-Godman & 
juv.; v. 2 Gould Colls. 
ad. sk. 
8. Lophornis a&orabilis. 
Lophornis adorabilis, Salv. F. Z. S. 1870, p. 207; Elliot, Syn. Troch. 
p. 135; Gould, Mm. Troch., Suppl. pi. 35 (Aug. 1880). 
Bialia adorabilis, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 208, pi. 91. 
f. 1; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223. 
Adult male. Upper surface, rump, upper tail-coverts, and tail as 
in the rest of the species of this group ; middle of the crown pure 

426 TBOCHILI. 

white, the lateral feathers elongated and acute, drawn together 
posteriorly; forehead and sides of the head glittering dark ruby-red, 
the bases of the feathers of the former white; throat glittering 
green, the bases of the feathers white, the lateral feathers much 
elongated and pointed; a large white pectoral patch ; abdomen and 
under tail-coverts cinnamon; bill flesh-colour, the tip black. Total 
length about 2-8 inches, wing 1*5, tail 1, bill 0*5. 

Female. Crown and a patch below the eye bronzy black ; throat 
white, each feather with a shining bronze cSscal spot; lateral rectrices 
cinnamon, with a wide subterminal black band. 

Hah. Costa Eica and Chiriqui. 

a. S ad.; b. 5 Bugaba, Volean de Chiriqui Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk.
c. cS ad. sk.
d. (S ad. sk. 
(Arcf). 
Chiriqui (Ai^ce). 
Bibalaz, Chiriqui (Arce). 
(Types of the species.) 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

9. Lophornis chalybsus. 
Trochilus chalvbasus, VieilL JEnc. Meth. p. 574; Temm. PL Col. t>6. 
f. 2; Gray, Ha?id-l. B. i. p. 147. 
Colibri mystax, tipix, Av. Bras. ii. p. 82? pi. 82. f. 3. 
Trochilus "festivus, Licht. Vers. Doubl. p. 14. 
Ornisrnya vieilloti, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. lxi, 186, pi. 04. 
Trochilus vieilloti, Less. Inch Gen. Troch. p. xlii. 
Ornismya audeneti, Less, tiitjjpl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 102, pL 2. 
Trochilus audeneti, Less. Ind. Gen. Troch. p. xlii. 
Lophornis chalybseus, Bp. Consp. Ai\ i. p. 84; Meich. Aufz. d. Col. 
p. 12; id. Troch.Bnum.-p.Q^l. 812.ff. 4b93-5; Gould, $Ion. Troch. 
iii. pi. 124 (May 1852); Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 290; Peh. Dm. Bras. 
p. 32; Berl. J.f.O.n. 1873, p. 275; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 130. 
Lophornis audeneti, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 84. 
Bellatrix chalybseus, Bp. JRev. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
Lophornis festivus, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 354. 
Polemistria ehalybfea, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. (33; Gould, 
Intr. Troch. p. 85; Muls. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 79 ; Hamilton? 
Ibis, 1871, p. 307; Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223. 
Polemistria vieilloti, Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Monches, iii. p. 229. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green; band across the 
rump pale buff; upper tail-coverts shining purple ; forehead and a 
line passing under the eye glittering green, the latter edged below 
with black; throat shining green, the Literal feathers elongated and 
tipped with white; breast greyish white, middle of the abdomen 
darker, flanks and under tail-coverts washed with green; tail 
purple-bronze ; bill black. Total length about 3 inches, wing 1*55„ 
tail 1-1, bill 0-6. 

Female. Throat dusky, edged with whitish; base of the rectrices 
grey, the lateral rectrices tipped with buff, and with a wide bronze-
purple subterminal band. 

Hal. Southern Brazil. 

a. <$ ad.; b. <J juv. sk. Brazil (Natterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e-f* 6 ad.; g-i. $ ad. sk. Brazil. Gould Coll. 
124 . LOPHOKNIS. 
427 

10. lophornis verreauxi. 
Trochilus verreauxi, Bourc. Mev. Zool. 1853, p. 193; Gray, Hand-L 
B. i. p. 147. 
Lophornis verreauxi, Reich, Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; id. Track Emm. 
p. 9, pi. 812. £ 4896; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 125 (Sept 1860); 
Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 136: Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 300; BerL J. f. 
Orn. 1887, p. 329. 
Bellatrix verreauxi, Bp. Med. Zool. 1854, p. 257. 
Polemistria verreauxi, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein, iii. p. 63; Gould, 
Intr. Troch. p. 85; Muls. § Verr. Class. Troch. p. 76; Sd.$ Sab. 

P.Z.S. 1867, pp. 753, 979,1873, p. 288; Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-
Moiwhes, iii. p. 221, pi. 93. 
Aurinia verreauxi, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 223. 
Adult male. Similar to that of L. chalybctus as regards the coloration 
of the upper surface, forehead, and the elongated lateral gular 
feathers ; the middle of the throat is darker, washed with green ; 
the breast and middle of the abdomen black, and there is a short 
occipital crest. 

Female resembles that sex of the allied species, but the whole of 
the under surface is much blacker. 
Eab. Upper Amazons Valley to the Andes of Colombia. 

a-c. cjad.; d. Jad.; e. $ juv.
sk. 
Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godrnau 
Gould Colls. 
& 
/ . $ ad. sk.
g. Juv. sk.
h. £ ad.; i. Jad. sk.
j , h. £ ad.; I. 
Ecuador. 
Peruvian Amazons. 
Iquitos, Amazons, May (H. 
Whitely). 
Pebas, Amazons, Feb., June, 
Gould Coll. 
E. Bartlett [P.]. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman & 
(S juv.; m-p. July (J. Hauxwell). Gould Colls. 
$ ad. sk. 

11. Lophornis pavoninus. 
Lophornis pavoninus, Salv. 8f Godm. Ibis, 1882, p. 81; Whitely, 

Ibis, 1884, p. 357; Sharpe in Gould's Mon. Troch., Suppl. pi. 36 

(Mar. 1887). 
Polemistria pavonina, Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 433; d'Hamonv. Bull. Soc. 
Zool. Fr. xi. p. 317 (1886). 

Adult male. Upper surface shining green, band across the rump 
narrow, huffy white; tipper tail-coverts purple-bronze ; crown 
glittering green, with a central line black; throat black, lateral 
feathers elongated, broad, shining green, each with a round discal 
black spot near the end, the uppermost of these feathers are chestnut 
towards the base, with a subbasal quadrate white spot; breast and 
abdomen green, the feathers of the flanks edged with black ; lower 
abdomen and under tail-coverts greenish black; tail shining bronzy 
green ; bill black. Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 1*8, tail 1*2, 
bill 0-6. 

Female. Crown dark shining green, the feathers edged with black; 
throat buffy white, each feather edged laterally with black; middle 
of the abdomen greyish; flanks washed with green ; central rectrices 

428 
TEOCHILI. 

shining green, lateral greenish at the base, huff at the tips, and with 
a dark subterminal band. 
Hah. British Guiana. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Merume Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (H. Whitely). (Type of the species.) 
b. 3 ad.; c, d, Roraima, Brit. Guiana, July Salyin-Godman Coll. 
d juv.; e. (H. W.). 
$ ad. sk. 

125. PEYMHACAHTHA. _ 
Type. 
Gouldia, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 80 (nee Adams) P. langsdorffi. 
Popelairia, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12 P. popelairii. 
Gouldomyia, Bp. lied. Zool. 1854, p. 257. P. lanirsdoriii. 
Prymnacantha, Cab. §• Heine, 3Ius. Hem. iii. p. 64 .. . . P. pupelairii. 
Tricholopha, Heme, J. f. Orn. 1863, p. 209. 
Mytinia, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224 

(1875) P. letitise. 
Mythinia, Muls. Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. pp. 235, 
245 P. letitiae. 

Range, Costa Eica southwards to Bolivia and {Southern Brazil 

Key to the Species. 

a. A long occipital crest; tibiae rufous popelairii, p. 428, 
b. No occipital crest; tibiae white. 
a'. Lateral rectrices long and narrow. 
a". Pectoral spot fiery red ; middle of the abdomen 
black langsdorffi,, p. 420 
b". Pectoral spot blue; middle of the abdomen 
shining green convent, p. 430* 
b'. Lateral rectrices much shorter and wider ... . letitm, p. 431. 

1. Prymnacaiitha popelairii. 
Troehilus popelairii, DuBus, Esq. Orn. pi. 6 (1846); Gray, Hand-L 
B. i. p. 146, 
Gouldia popelairii, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 86; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 
p. 257; Gould, Mm. Trock. iii. pi. 127 (3Iay 1854); Set. Cat 
Am. B. p. 296; Elliot, S'yn. Troch. p. 138; Tacz. P. Z. S. lbS% 
p. 35; id. Orn. Per. L p. 302. 
Popelairia tricholopha, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12$ id. Troch. Enum. 
p. 9, pi. 815. £ 4905-7. 
Prymnacantha popelairii, Cab.fyHeine, Mies. Hem. iii. p. 64; Gould9 
Intr. Troch. p. 86; Mtds. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 78; BerL J. f. 
Orn. 1887, p. 329. 

Tricholopha 
popelairii, Heine, J.f.O.n. 1863, p. 209; Muls. Hist. 
Nat. Ois.-mouches, iii. p. 235; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. 

p. 223. 
Adult male. Upper surface shining bronze-green, redder on the 
back ; a transverse white band across the rump; upper tail-covertsstoel-
blue; crown glittering green, the occipital feathers produced 

125 . PRYMNACANTHA. 
429 

to form a long crest; throat glittering green; breast and middle 
of the abdomen black, sides of the abdomen sooty, the flanks 
washed with green; under tail-coverts blue, edged with white; 
tibiae dark rufous; tail steel-blue, the shafts pure white ; bill black. 
Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 1-35; tail, central rectrices 
0-55, lateral 2*7 ; bill 0-6. 

Female, Crown dark green; throat white, each feather broadly 
edged with black; breast and middle of the abdomen black, a large 
white patch on the flanks; lateral rectrices shorter than the central, 
tipped with white. 

Hah. Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. 

a-h. <S ad.; i, j . Colombia (Bogota make). Salvin-Godman & 
? ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

k. is ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I. <S ad. sk. [Ecuador.] Gould Coll. 
m. $ ad. sk. Peru ? ( Warszewiez ?). Gould Coll. 
n. $ ad. sk. "Eio." Gould Coll. 
2. Prynmacantha langsdorffi. 
Trochilus langsdorffi, Bonn, fy Vieill. Enc. Meth. ii. p. 574 (1794); 
Tem??i. PI. Col. 66. f. 1; Less. 2nd. Gen. Troch. p. xxxiii; Gray, 
Hand-l. B. i. p. 145. 

Colibri hirundinaceus, Spix, Av. Bras. i. p. 80, pi. 81. 

Ornismya langsdorffi, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouehes, pp. xx, 102, 
pi. 26; id. Suppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 129, pi. 16; id. Mist Nat 
Troch. p. 101, pi. 85. 

Qrthorhynchas langsdorffi, Less. Man* Orn. ii. p. 77. 
Gouldia langsdorffi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 86 ; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 257; Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12; id. Troch. Enum. p. 9, pi. 816. 
ff. 4908-10; Gould, Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 128 (May 1854;; id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 86; Des Murs in Cast. Voy. i. p. 41; Burm. 8yst XJeb. 
ii. p. 357; 8cl. Cat Am. B. p. 296; 8cl. $ Sab. P. Z. S. 1867, 
pp. 753, 979; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 32; Tacz. Orn. PSr. i. p. 304. 
Prymnaeantha langsdorffi, Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. Q5; Muls. 
Hist. Nat Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 238, pi. 94; id* Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 223. 

Mehisuga langsdorffi, Muls. ty Verr. Class. Troch. p. 79. 
Gouldia melanosternon, Gould, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1868, i. p, 323; 
Sel. # Salv. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 288. 
Trochilus melanosternon, Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 146. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, more bronzy in 
the middle of the back; a white transverse band across the rump; 
upper tail-coverts like the back; crown glittering green; under 
surface as far as the breast glittering green, below which are a few 
fiery-red glittering feathers; middle of the abdomen black, on either 
side a large greyish-white patch; flanks washed with green; tail 
steel-blue, the two lateral rectrices on either side greyish, the shafts 
of all white; bill black. Total length about 5 inches, wing 1*45; 
tail, central rectrices 0*4, lateral 3 ; bill 0*55. 


Female. Crown dark green; upper part of the throat black, lower 

430 
TBOCHILI. 

part white, each feather with a green discal spot., a maxillary stripe 
white; lateral rectriees greyish at the base and tipped with white. 
Hob. Amazons Valley and Brazil. 

a. S 
ad.; b. $ Rotuno, Ecuador {Buckley). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. 
c. <$ ad. sk. Napo, Ecuador. Gould CoU. 
d. cj ad.; e. $ Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
ad. sk. 
/. 6 ad. sk. Amazons (E. Bartlett). Gould Coll. 

g. <$ juv. sk. Xeberos, Arnazons, June. E. Bartlett [C.*\ 
k S ad.; i, 5 Pebas, Amazons, Feb. (J. Gould CoU. ("Types 
ad. sk. Hauxwell). of G. melauosternon.) 
j, 
h. S ad.; I, m. Pebas, Feb. (J. JS".). Salvin-Godman & 
<$ juv.; n, o. Gould Coils. 
? ad. sk. 

p. 
S ad. sk. Novo Fribourgo, Rio (Youds). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
q. S ad. sk. Rio. Gould Coll. 
r-w. S ad.; 2^-Brazil, Gould Coll. 
#. $ ad. sk. 
y, «. $ ad. j a'. Purchased. 
$ ad. sk. 

3. Prynmacantha conversi 
Trochilus conversi, Bourc. fy Mids. Ann. Sc. Phys. et Nat. Lyon, ix. 
p. 313 (1846) ; izd. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 314, pi. 3 ; Gray, Hand-l. 
B. i. p. 146. 
Gouldia conversi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 86; id. Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 257 ; 
Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 12; id. Troch. Emm. p. 9, pi. 817. if. 41)11-4; 
Gould, Mm. Troch. iii. pi. 129 (May 1854); id. Intr. Troch. p. 80; 
id. P. Z. & 1870, p. 803; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vil p. 319, is. 

p. 123; Salv. RZ. 3. 1867, p. 154, 1870, p. 208; Elliot, Syn. 
Troch. p. 139. 
Prymnacantha conversi, Cab.fy Seine, Mus. ELdn. iii. p. 65; 3£uls. 
Eist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 242; id. Ann, Soc. Linn, Lyon, 

xxii. p. 223; Berl J.f.O.n. 1887, p. 223. 
Mellisuga conversi, Mids. fy Verr. Class. Troch, p. 79. 
Gouldia conversi sequatorialis, Berl $ Toes. P. Z. S, 1883, p. 567. 
Adult male. Similar to that of P. langsdorffi, the back less bronzy, 
the shorter upper tail-coverts purple, the green of the crown, throat, 
and breast darker and less brilliant; the pectoral patch blue, with 
greenish tips to the feathers; abdomen and under tail-coverts 
shining green. 

Female. Very similar to that of P. langsdorffi, but the upper tail-
coverts are purple instead of green. 
Hob. Costa Rica southwards to Ecuador. 

a, b. <$ ad.; c, d. Tucurricpii, Costa Rica (ArcS). Salvin-Godman & 
$ ad. sk. Gould Colls. 

e. S 
ad.; /. J Angostura, Costa Rica (Car- Gould Coll, 
ad. sk. miol). 
g. 2 ad. sk. Cordillera del Chucu, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(ArcS). 
k c? ad. sk. Calovevora, Panama (Arc$). Gould Coll. 

126 . DrSCTJRA. 431 
i. g ad. sk.
j . <$ ad.; h,l.
ad. &k. 
$ 
Santa FeYPanama {ArcS). 
Colombia (Bogota make). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godraan & 
Gould Colls. 
m. J &&• sk.
n. S ad.; o. Juv.
sk. 
Baisa, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Citado, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
p-r. $ ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
s, t. Juv. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u. $ ad. sk. Chinibo, Ecuador, Jan. {Stolzmann). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

4. Prymnacantha letitise. 
TrocHlus letitise, Bourc. Ann. 8c. Rhys, et Nat. Lyon, (2) iv. p. 143 
(1852). 
Gouldia letitise, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 257; Gould, Mori. Troch. iii. pi. 130 (Sept. 1855); id. Intr. 
Troch. p. 86; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 139. 
Piymnacantha letitise, Cab. §* Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 64. 
Mellisuga letitise, Muls. $* Verr. Class. Troch. p. 79. 
Mythinia letitise, Muls. JSzst. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. p. 245. 
Mytinia letitise, Muls. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224. 

Adult male. Similar to that of P. langsdorffi and P. conversi, but 
with the back, especially the shorter upper tail-coverts, more bronzy, 
the pectoral spot whitish, and the abdomen dusky washed with 
green; tail much shorter, the central rectrices longer, the lateral 
much wider, and all of them purple-black instead of steel-blue, the 
shafts beneath being white. Total length about 3*5 inches, wing 
1*5 ; tail, central rectrices 0*55, lateral 1*35; bill 0*55. 

Sab. Bolivia. 

a. S 
ad. sk. i [Bolivia] {ex Bourcier). Gould Coll. (Type of 
the species ?) 
126. 
DISCUEA. 
Type. 
Platurus, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, p. xxii (1829) 
(nee Latr.) B. longicauda, 
Trochilus (Ocreatus), Gould, P. Z. S.1846, p. 86 D. longicauda, 
Diseosura, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 84 D. longicauda, 
Discura, Reich. Aufz. d. Col p. 8 D. longicauda. 

Range. Southern Brazil. 

1. Discura longicauda. 
Trochilus longicauda, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 498; Gray, HandA. B. i, 
p. 144. 
Trochilus platurus, Lath. Ind. Orn. p. 317; Vieill. N Diet oJHist. 
N. vii. p. 370; id. Enc. Meth. p. 569; Wied,Beitr. iv. p. 96; Less. 
Ind. GSn. Troch. p. xxiv ; Cab. in Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 709. 
L'Oiseau-Mouche a- raquettes, Aud. Ois. Dor. i. p. 117, pi. 52. 
Ornismya platuxa, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xxii, 136, pi. 40 \ 

id. Buppl. Ois.-Mouches, p. 159, pi. 31. 

432 
TROCBILT* 

Trochilus bilophus, Temm. PL Col 18. f. 3. 
Trockilus (Ocreatus) ligonicaudus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 80. 
Discosura ligonicauda, Pp. Consp. Av. i. p. 84. 
Discura longicauda, Reich, Aufz. d. Col p. 8 ; id. Troch. JEnum. p. 8, 


pi. 706. ff. 4591-2; Pp. Pev. Zool. 1854, p. 256; Gould, Mori. 
Troch. iii. pi. 126 (Sept. 1858) ; id. Litr. Troch. p. 85 ; Cab. $ 
Heme, Mm. Rein. iii. p. 65; Sd. Cat. Am. B. p. 296; Mute. |-
Verr. Class. Troch. p. 80; itfwk 7fts£ Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iii. 

p. 248 ; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, xxii. p. 224,* Elliot, Bijn. Troch. 
p. 140; tfa/y. Cat. Strickl Coll. p. 364. _ 
Platurus longicaudus, Purm. Syst. Ueh. ii. p. 358. 
Discura platura, Peich. Aufz. d. Col p. 8 j z& TVAC^. Enum. p. 5, 
pi. 706. ff. 4594-5. 
Discura sp., $^y. 7£w, 1885, p. 434. 


Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, tinged with, 
bronze in the middle of the back: crown, throat, and breast glittering 
grass-green• a pectoral spot of more glittering feathers, each 
edged with white ; middle of the abdomen rich bronze, each feather 
with a black edge ; flanks green; tail dark purple, the shafts buff, 
the spatules of the lateral rectrices darker and bluer; bill black. 
Total length about 4 inches, wing 1*7; tail, central rectrices 0*65, 
lateral 2; bill 0-55. 


Female. Crown dark green; throat black, bordered with a white 
maxillary stripe • lateral rectrices greyish at the base and tipped 
with buff. 


Hah. Guiana and Brazil. 

a. c? ad. sk. Carimang E., Brit. Guiana,Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(J3L Whitely). 
b. <J ad. sk. Atapurow E., Brit. Guiana, Jan. SaMn-Godman Coll. 
(H. W.). 
c-e. $ ad. sk. (Cayenne make). Gould Coll. 
/. 
$ ad.; g> $ Bahia (Wucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 

h. 
$ ad.; i. S Bahia. Gould Coll. 
juv.jy. $ ad. 
sk. 
K 
<S ad. sk. Bahia. E. Fielding, Esq. 
[P.]. 
1) m-? JUT. sk. [Brazil.] Salvin-Godman & 
Gould Colls. 

n. Juv. st. 
Purchased. 
127. 
HEHACTItf. 
Type. 
Heliactin^ Bote, Ids, 1831, p. 546 H. cornuta. 
Heliactinia, Peich. Aufi. d. Col. p. 12 H. cornuta! 
Heliactinus, Purm. Syst. TJeb, ii. p. 356 .,,. * H. comuta* 
Range. Southern Brazil. 

127. HELIACTIN. 
433 

1. Heliactin cornuta. 
Trochilus cornutus, Wied, Reise n. Bras. ii. p. 190; id. Beitr. iv, 
p. 99; Gray, Hand-l. B. i. p. 145. 
Trochilus dilophus, Vieill Enc. Meth. p. 573. 
Mellisuga bilopka, Steph. in Shaitfs Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 251, pi. 30. 
Trochilus bilophud, Temm. PI. Col. iv. pi. 18. f. 3 j Less, Man. Ois. ii. 
p. 76. 
Heliactin cornuta, Bote, Isis, 1831, p. 546; Cab. fy Seine, Mus. 
Hem. iii. p. 64; Gould, Mon. Troch. iv. pi. 212 (May 1856); 
id. Intr. Troch. p. 120; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 804; Reinh. Vidensk. 
yiedd. not. For. Kjob. 1870, p. 107; Relz. Orn. Bras. p. 32 ; Muls. 
Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, iv. p. 4, pi. 99; id. Ann. Soc. Linn. 
Lyon, xxii. p. 225; Elliot, Syn. Troch. p. 116: Allen, Bull. Am. 
Mus. N. H. ii. p. 258. 

Ornisniya chrysolopha, Less. Hist. Nat. Ois.-Mouches, pp. xx, 55, 

pis. 7, 8; id. Suppl. p. 162, pi. 32; id. TraiU dOm. p. 276. 
Trochilus chrysolophus, Less. Lid. Gen. Troch. p. xxxi. 
Heliactin cornutus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 85 • id. Rev. Zool. 1854, 

p. 256. 
Heliactinia chrysolopha, Reich. Aufz. d. Col. p. 12: id. Troch. 
Enum. p. 9, pi. 814. ff. 4902-4. 
Heliactinus cornutus, Burm. Syst. Ueh. ii. p. 356. 
Heliactin dilopha, Mute. $ Verr. Class. Troch. p. 91. 

Adult male. Upper surface shining grass-green, a little more 
golden on the back; crown glittering greenish blue; superciliary 
feathers elongated, glittering purple, shading through gold to glittering 
green; sides of the head and throat black; sides of the neck 
and whole under surface pure white; flanks green; central rectrices 
green, dark at the tip, lateral white, greyish on their outer webs: 
bill black. Total length about 4 inches, wing 1*8; tail, central rectrices 
2, lateral 0-8 ; bill 0*7. 

Female. Grown green; a dusky patch below the eye; throat pale 
buff; rest of the under surface pure white ; central rectrices green, 
dark at the tip, lateral rectrices white, with a wide oblique transverse 
sub terminal black band. 

Hob. Brazil. 
a. S ad.sk.
b. $ ad.sk.
c. d. <$ ad. sk. 
Jaraqua,Brazil, July(Natterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Goyaz, Brazil, Aug. (Natterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Brazil. E, Fielding, Esq. 
erj. S ad.; k. 
juv.; l-n.
ad. sk. 
o. c? ad.; p.
ad. st. 
S 
$ 
$ 
Brazil.3alvin-G Salvin-Godman 
Gould Colls, 
Purchased. 

2T

VOL. xru 

434 
CYPSELID^S. 

Suborder CORACLE. 

Hallux connected with the flexor perforans diyitonun, and not 
with the flexor hallucis longus. 
Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck by lateral bare 
tracts, but dividing into two tracts on the upper back. 

Oil-gland nude, if present. 

Young hatched helpless. 

(See Seebohm, Classiflc. Birds, 1890, p. 21.) 

Synopsis of the Families. 

a. Palate segithognathous ....... . Cypseli&ae (xvi. p. 434). 
b. Palate schizognathous Caprimulgida (xvi. p. 519). 
c. Palate desmognathous. 
a\ Basipterygoid processes present 
Steatormthida^xvi. p. 853.; 
b\ Basipterygoid processes absent 
or rudimentarj^. 
a". Tail-feathers ten; oil-gland 
absent Podargidae (xvi. p. 029). 
b". Tail-feathers twelve; oil-

gland nude. A large 

powder-down patch on each 

side of the rump Leptosomati&ae (xvii. p. 1). 

c". Tail-feathers twelve. ~Eo 

powder-down patch on the 

sides of the rump Coraeiidse (xvii. p. 4). 

c£". 
Tail-feathers ten; oil-gland 
nude lEeropidas (xvii. p. 41). 

Family CYPSELIDiE. 

(By ERJSTST HAETEKT.) 

The Swifts have only ten primaries and always less than nine 
secondaries; the wing is very long and pointed. The number of 
rectrices is always ten, while the Swallows have invariably twelve 
Feathers with a small but well-defined aftershafr. The sternum is 
very characteristic, having a high keel and an unnotched posterior 
margin. The humerus is very short, the forearm longer and the 
hand extremely long. Number of phalanges of outer and median 

OTPSELID^S. 435 

toes reduced to three in the Cyp$eli?ice, normal in the Chceturince 
and Macrqpterygince. Palate segithognathous; basipterygoid processes 
absent; cosca absent; semitendinosus muscle absent. Hind 
toe directed more or less forward (Qypselince) or backward (Ghceturince 
and Macropteryglnce), The mouth is split to beneath the eyes ; 
the bill short, curved, broad at base, the gape very wide, llictal 
bristles absent, (Of. Niteseh, Pterylographio, p. 122; Shufeldt, 
Journ. Linn. Soe., Zool. xx. p. 299 ; Stejneger, Stand. Nat. Hist, 

p. 436 ; Sharpe, Bev. Class. B. p. 81.) 
They moult only once in the year; at least I am unable to find 
any proof of the truth of a statement recently made to the contrary. 
In their habits the Swifts are aerial; their food consists entirely 
of insects, which they catch on the wing. They cannot therefore 
live in very cold climates, and northern species wander to the south 
early in the year. Their power of flight is enormous, and they often 
travel extremely long distances. 

The nidification varies from the concealed nests in holes and caves 
of Mlcropus to the enormous pendent tube of Panyptlla, the cup-
shaped edible nest of Collocalia, and the small exposed nest of 
Maeropteryx. Eggs invariably pure white, without gloss. Young, 
when hatched, naked (Maeropteryx ?). 

Range. The whole world, except the extreme Northern and 
Southern regions. 

The Oypselidm have been placed, along with the Trocliilidce and 
Gaprimulyidce, in the order " Macrochires" or " Strisores." This 
arrangement is based on good grounds, and has much to commend it. 
Some recent anatomists deny the near relationship of these families. 
If raised to the rank of orders, Gypseli, Trochili, and Gaprimulgi 
should be placed near together. I may mention the striking affinity 
of the nidification of Maeropteryx and Batrachostomus, the latter 
belonging to the Podargidce, a family which, in my opinion, must be 
placed close to the Gaprimidgidoe. Also, from an oological point 
of view, the order Macrochires seems to be very well founded. The 
structure of the egg-shell in the above-mentioned families is very 
similar, and the various colours of the eggs of the Goatsuckers are 
merely protective. 

I do not think it necessary to reject the oldest name of the family, 
which undoubtedly is Cypselidce, and to alter it to Ificropodidce. If 
the law of priority is carried out in the nomenclature of the genera 
and species, why not follow it also in that of the higher groups, if 
their limits remain unchanged ? 

2F2 

436 
CYPSELID^. 

Synopsis of the Subfamilies. 

. Tarsi distinctly feathered ; outer and 
middle toes with only three phalanges. I. CYPSELINJE, p. 436. 

• Jarsi 
imfeathered or with some 
scanty feathers; outer and middle 
toes with the normal number of 
phalanges. 
a!. Tarsi quite as long as or longer than 
middle toes; tail short and even 
or only slightly furcate; wings 
always reaching far beyond the 
end of tail II CRJETUHINJE, p. 470. 

b'. 
Tarsi perceptibly shorter than 
middle toes; tail long and deeply 
furcate; wings not, or only [p. 511. 
just, reaching to the end of tail/. III. MACROPTERYGINJE, 

Subfamily I. CYPSELINJE. 

Synopsis of the Genera. 

a. 
Toes all directed forward at equal intervals 
from each other; generally larger birds 
with very strong feet. 
a'. Toes unfeathered 
1. MICBOPUS, p. 436. 

V. Toes feathered. 
a!'. Tail only emarginate, outer rectrices 
not sharply pointed; feathers of the 
breast round and full 2. AEBONAUTES, p. 459. 

b". 
Tail very deeply forked, outer rectrices 
very sharply pointed ; feathers of the 
breast loose, whole plumage soft and 
silky , 3. PANYPTLLA, p. 461. 

h. 
Toes in pairs, the outer and middle toe directed 
to the right, the inner and hind toe 
to the left; generally smaller birds, with 
only moderately strong feet. 
o Toes unfeathered , 4. TACHOBNIS, p. 462. 
d/ Toes feathered 5. CLAUDIA, p. 469. 
b. e. 

a. Foot of Aeronautes melanoleucus, to show the feathered toes. 
b. Foot of Micropus apus, } . , ,, .L. «,, A 
show the

o. Foot of Taohomis parva, Jto Potion of the toes. 
1 . MICKOPUS. 
437 

1. MICROPUS. 
. 
Type, 

Apus, ScopoM (nee Pall), Intr. Nat Hist. p. 483 (1777) JVL apus. 
Mcropus, Meyer fy Wolf, Taschenb. i. p. 280 (1810) 3VI. apus! 
Cypselus, Illiger, Prodrom. p. 229 (1811) M. apus. 
Brachypus, Meyer, Yog. Liv- u. Esthl p. 142 (1815) M. apus! 

Range. Nearly the whole world, except the highest north. 
Replaced in North America by an allied genus (Aeronautes), and 
occurring in Australia as a wanderer only. 

Nests in caves and holes of rocks, buildings, or sometimes trees; 
eggs white and usually two in number. Often more than two eggs 
are found, but I doubt whether one female lays more than two as 
a rule. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Crown, sides and back of the neck uniform; no 
white collar. 
a'. Rump uniform with the back, not white. 
a'\ Abdomen white. 
a'". Paler; white gular patch larger melba, p. 438. 
//". Darker; white gular patch smaller africanus, p. 440. 

b". Abdomen and vent sooty or black. 

cf". Larger; feathers of the under surface 
edged with white and with a subterminal 
darker bar cequatorialis, p. 441§

dm. Smaller; under surface nearly uniform 
sooty or black. 
a4. Back sooty. 


a5. Upper parts rather glossy, well defined 
blackish shaft-stripes on the 
chin barbatus, p, 447. 

b5. Upper parts less glossy, no well denned 
hlackish shaft-stripes on the 
chin. 

a6. Throat dusky white. 
a7. Darker apus, p. 442. 
b7. Little paler pekinensis, p. 444. 
c7. Much paler murium, p. 446. 

b6. Throat pale sooty unicolor, p. 448. 
¥. Back glossy black toulsoni, p. 453. 
c". Abdomen sooty, vent white montivagus, p. 458. 
b'. Rump white. 
d". Feathers of the under surface edged with 

white and with a darker subterminal bar. 
e'". Larger paeificus, p. 448. 
/"' . Smaller leuconyx, p. 450. 

e". 
Under surface unhanded. 
cf". Lateral rectrices more or less acute. 
e4. Tail deeply forked, lateral rectrices very tC(tjrer p. 450. 
acute < streubeli v 452 
d4: Tail less forked, lateral rectrices less [ > *• • 
acute hones, p. 452. 

438 CTPSEMDiE. 

h'". Lateral reetrices rounded, not acute. 
e\ Larger; tail emarginate subfurcatus ^. 4ob. 

f. Smaller; tail nearly even affims, p. 45.5. 
b. Sides 'of the neck white, not uniform with the 
crown andicola, p. 40/. 
1. Micropus melba. 
The greatest Martin or Swift, Edwards, Nat. Hist. B. L p. 27, pi. 27. 
Hirundo melba, Linn. St/st Nat. ed. x. p. 192 (1758); id. ed. xii. 
p. 345 (1766); Gm. Syst. Nat ii. p. 1023 (1788); Bechst Gem. 

Naturff. Deutsehl iv. p. 783 (1795); Beclist. Orn. Taschenb. p. 226. 
La Grande Ilirondelle d'Espagne, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 504 (1760). 
Grand Martinet a ventre blanc, Buff. Hist. Nat Ois. vl p. 660 

(1779) j Datibent PI. Enl pi. 542. tig. 1 (1783). 
Hirundo alpina, Scop. Ann. I. Hist Nat. p. 166 (1769). 
White-bellied Swift, Lath. Gen. Syn. iv. p. 586 (1783). _ 
Le grand Martinet a ventre blanc, il/iwtf. Hist Nat. Ois. vii. p. 316. 
Micropus alpinus, 1% . w. Wolf, Taschenb. p. 282 (1810). 
Cvpselus melba, llUg&r, Prodr. p. 230 (1811) ; Vieill Nouv. Did. 

"xix. p. 422 (1818); id. Enc. Meth. p. 534 (1823); id. Gal Ois. 

p. 192, pi. 121 (1825); Roux, Orn. Prov. p. 238, pi. 146 (1823); 
Brehm, Yog. Deutsehl. p. 134 (1831); Naum. Yog. Deutsehl vi. 
p. 115, pi. 147. fig. 1 (1833); Gould, B> Bur. ii. pi. 35. tier. 2 
(1837); j&y*. «. Bias. Wirbelth. Bur. p. 146 (1840); Demidof\ 
Voy. Muss. Mind. p. 204 (1840); Milhle, Omith. GriecJu p. 27 
(1844); Thomps. Nat Hist. Ireland, p. 418 (1849) ; Bp. Con*pA. 
p. 65 (1850); ^to?s, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 175 (Cashmir); Tristr. 
Ibis, 1859, p. 26,18GG, p. 77 (Palestine); Salmn, Ibis, 1859,p. 302 
(E.Atlas); Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 84 (1860); Powy% 
Ibis, 1860, p. 234 (Ionian Is.); Jerd. B. India, I p. 175 (1802); 
Wright, Ibis, 1864, p. 58 (Malta) ; Scl P. Z. S.1865, p. 598; id. 
If. O. 1867, p. 116 ; Drake, Ibis, 18G7, p. 425 (Tangier); LorJie, 
Rvpl. Sci. Alger., Ois. p. 98 (1867) ; Degl. et Gerbe, Orn. Eur. I. 

p. 602 (1867); Ti/tler, Ibis, 1868, p. 195 (Himalaya); A. €. Smith, 
Ibis, 1868, p. 449 (Portugal); Gray^ Hand-l. i. p. 63 (1869); 
Borggreve, Yogelf. Norddeutschl. p. 65 (1869) ; Fritsch, Yog. Eur. 
p. 84, pi. 13. fig.'4 (1870); Elwes $ Buckley, Ibis, 1870,' p. 200 
(Turkey) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 68 (S. Spain); Shelley, B. 
Egypt,\x 171 (1872); Holdm. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 419 (Ceylon) ; 
Severtz. J. f. O. 1873, p. 345 (Turkestan); A. B. Brooke, Ibis, 
1873, p. 236 (Sardinia); Cordeaux, Ibis, 1875, p. 184 (Heligoland); 
Irby, B. Gibraltar, p. 64 (1875); Dresser, Severtz. Turkestan, Ibis, 
1876, p. 189; Blanford, Stray Feath. v. p. 245 (Sindh) (1877); 
Danf Ibis, 1877, p. 269, 1878, p. 8 (Asia Minor); Davidsmi § 
Wenden, Stray Feath. vii. p. 77 (Deccan) (1878); Butt Stray 
Feath. ix. p. 379 (Mahratta; 1880); Legge, B. Ceylon, i. p. 317 
(1880); Dresser, Hist. B. Eur. iv. p. 603, pi. 269(1881); Damson, 
Stray Feath. x. p. 347, Mysore (1882); Swinh. Ibis, 1882, p. 101; 
Salmn, Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 370 (1882); Dixon, Ibis, 1882, p. 561 
(Oonstantine); Newt. ed. Yarr. Brit. B. ii. p. 372 (1882); Irby, 
Ibis, 1883, p. 179 (Santander); Seeb. Ibis, 1883, p. 22 (Caucasus) ; 
id. Hist. Brit B. ii. p. 297 (1884); Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 27 
(Corsica): Gigl. Avif. Ital. p. 194 (1886); ibid. p. 325 (1889): 
Salvad. TJee. Ital p. 79 (1887); Quill Ibis, 1888, p. 113, 1889, 
pp. 212, 215 (Cyprus); Koenig, J. f. 0. 1888, p. 165 (Tunis); 
1 . MICEOPCTS. 
430 

Saunders, Man. Brit, B. p. 253 (18H0)J Zehntner, Ibis, L800, 

p. 100 (cleveloprn.); Saunders, Ibis, 1891, p. 170 (JWne)-Uathr 
IMyoland,y.Ul(\m). 
Cypseius alpimxs, Temm. Man. d?Om. 1815, p. 270; ibid. 1820, i, 

p. 433, pi. 8; Thienem. Bortjtfl. Toy. Bur. p. 82 (1820); Brehm, 
Toy. Beutschl. p. 134 (1831); Crespon, Orn. Gard, p. 306 (LB40) • 
Brehm, Vogelf. p. 45 (1855); iSWto&w, ,/"./. 0. 187(5, p. 118 
(Brandenb.). 
Apus melba, Owm Reyne Anim. i. p. 373 (1817). 

Micropua melba, Boie, his, 1844, p. 165; Stejn. Auk, i. p. 230(1884); 
Beichen. Syst. Yerz. Vdy. Beutschl. p. 26 (1880): JIartert, Eat 
Voyels. Mus. Senckenb, p. 119 (1891). 

Cypseius melba alpinus, \ A. E. Brehm, Verz. Samml. C. L. Brehm, 

C. melba microrhynchos, f p. 3 (I860) (teste Dresser). 
Adult. Mouse-brown, wings and tail rather darker; throat and 
abdomen white, with indications of blackish shaft-stripes, separated 
by a wide pectoral band of the same colour as the back, but darker ; 
the feathers of this band as well as those of the under tail-coverts 
with narrow and often indistinct white edges; most of the under 
wing-coverts and edge of the wing bordered with whitish ; feathers 
of the tanks like the back, with a darker subterminal bar and white 
edges : " bill black ; toes of a dirty flesh-colour; iris dark brown " 
(Naum.). Total length about 8 | inches, wing 8*3 to 8*5, lateral 
rectrices 3-4, central 2*5, tarsi 0*6. 

Younger birds have white edges to the dark feathers, that disappear 
more and more as the birds become older. 

There are some very pale specimens from tho "Western Himalayas, 
and one from Belgaum, but they apparently belong to the same 
species. 

Rah. The mountains of Northern Africa and Southern Europe as 
far north as the Alps. Eastwards through Persia along the Himalayas, 
and wandering south in winter to the Peninsula of India. 
In the Deccan they are also found breeding, while in the 
mountains of tropical Africa a nearly allied form is found. Accidental 
in the North of Prance, England, Heligoland, and Germany. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Berne, Switzerland, 30th Aug. Tweeddale Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. Switzerland. Gould Coll. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Malaga, Spain, 7th Oct. Tweeddale Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. Vega of Granada, Spain, June. Tweeddale Coll. 
/, 9-6 ad. sk. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, May. Salviu-Godman Coll. 
h. '<$ ad. sk. Constantine, Algeria, March. Gould Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Turkey. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k. 6 ad. sk. Haskeni, Turkey, 3rd April. Sharpe Coll. 
/. tf ad,; m. g ad. Asia Minor, June (2! Hob$o?i)> Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. 
n, o. Ad. sk. Galilee, Palestine. Canon Tristram [O.l. 

p. Ad. sk. Aden, 16th March. Major Yerbury [P.J. 
q. Ad. sk. Al Hantal (Major Yerbury). Hume Coll. 
r. $ ad. sk. Shiraz, Persia, 6000 ft. India Museum. 
s. J ad. sk. Kandahar, 2nd June. Hume Coll. 
t. $ ad. sk. Deesa, 1st October. Plume Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Chumba State, 2nd May. Hume Coll. 
v. # ad. sk Cashmere, 16th June. Hume Coll. 
440 
CYPSELED^J. 

w. Ad. sk. Cashmere (W. E. Brooks). Hume Coll. 
jr. Ad. sk. Kangxa {S. Pimrill). Tweeddale CoU. 
y-V. Ad. sk. N.W. Himalayas, PinwiH Coll. 
c\ d'. <$ 9 ad. sk. Koteghur. Hume Coll 
e'-h'. S ad.; i'-r. Simla, August (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
p ^d sk 
m'. $ ad. sk. Simla, Sept. {A. 0. Hume). Hume Coll 
«'. 2 ad. sk. Simla, 8000 ft. Aug. Tweeddale Coll. 
o'. J ad. sk. Landour, 7000 ft. Hume Coll. 
©\ 2 ad. sk. Bheem Tal, 10th June. Hume Coll. 
q\ 5 ad. sk. Kumaon. Hume Coll. 
r'. Ad. sk. Assam. Hume Coll. 
s'. g ad. sk. Godavery Valley, 4th March. Tweeddale Coll. 
t\ 2 ad. sk. Khandeish, 21st Jan. Hume Coll. 
u'. 2 ad. sk. Eaipur, 29th March. Hume Coll. 
»'. <J ad.; w\ Ad.sk. Coimhatore, 30th June. Hume Coll. 
x\ <$ ad. sk. Sawant Wadi, 16th Jan. Hume Coll. 
y\ 2 ad. sk. Belgaum, 30th Dec. Hume Coll. 
z'. Ad. sk. Coonoor, 2nd April. Sharpe Coll. 
a". (S ad.; b", c". Coonoor. Hume Coll. 


p 2,^,, sk. 
d". 2 ad. sk. Palghat, 29th Oct. Hume Coll. 
e". Ad. sk. Madras (Jerdori). Hume Coll. 
/'. <$ ad. sk. Travancore {Bourdillon). Hume Coll. 
gu. <$ ad. sk. Catton Estate, Ceylon. Col. Legge ~P.], 

Suhsp. a. Micropus africanus. 

Le Martinet a gorge "blanche, LevaiUant, Ois. tfAfr. v. p. 143, pi. 243 
(1806) (S. Afr.). 
Cypselus alpinus africanus, Temm. Man. d'Orn. 1815, p. 270 (note). 

1820, i. p. 434 (note). 
Hirundo gularis, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. x. p. 99 (1817). 
Cypselus gutturalis, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xix. p. 422 (1818); id. Enc. 

Metk p. 534 (1823); Tri&tr. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 887 (di&t. fr. C. 
melba) ; Gurney, Ibis, 1868, pp. 152,460 (S. Afr.): Gray, Hand-l 

i. p. 63, no. 720 (1869); Layard, Ibis, 1869, p. 72 ; Finseh, Trans. 
Zool. Soc. yii. p. 215 (1870) (discuss.); Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 427; 
Gurney, Anderss. B. Eamara-Ld. p. 47 (1872); Sahad. Ann. Mtis. 
Civic. Genov. (2) i. p. 119 (1884); id. op. eit. (2) iv. p. 227 (1888). 
Cypselus ruscicollis, Brehm, Vogelf. p. 45 (1855) (Afr.). 

Cypselus 
rnelba, Eeugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 140 (1869): Shelley, 
Ibis, 1875, p. 67 (S. Afr.) ; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 93 
(1875); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 156 (1881). 

Adult Yery similar to M. melba, but rather smaller, with a 
smaller white gular patch, a broader dark pectoral band, generally 
more distinct and unbroken dark shaft-lines on the white underpays, 
a little darker above, and with more extended dark colour on 
the sides and flanks. Total length about 8 to 8*5 inches, wing 8 
to 8-3. 

Though the smaller white gular patch and broader dark pectoral 
band are rather marked and the wings are generally much shorter, 
some specimens are difficult to distinguish, and I am therefore inclined 
to consider this form as only a subspecies of M. melba. The 
unbroken dark shaft-lines on the white underparts seem to be rather 

1 . MICEOPXJS. 
441 
characteristic, but they are also to be found in the above-mentioned 
pale specimen of M. melba from Belgaum. 

Hob. The mountains of Africa from Shoa and Kilimanjaro southwards 
to Cape Colony. Apparently a resident bird in the above-
named countries, while If. melba wanders in the cold season. 

a. 2 ad. sk. Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft, 4th Aug. H. C. V. Hunter, Esq. 
b. c? ad. qk.
c. Ad. sk. 
Otjimbinque, Damara - Land,
July (C. J. Andersson). 
S.E. Africa (Leyland). 
Sharpe Coll. 
Jardine Coll. 
d. S ad. sk. Knysna, S. Africa, Jan. (C. J. Sharpe Coll. 
Andersson). 
e. Ad. sk.
/ . Ad. sk.
q. $ ad. sk.
h. J ,* *. $ ;
k. Ad. sk. 
S. Africa, Oct. (JE. L. Layard). 
Elands Post, S. Africa (Atmore). 
Durban (Gordge). 
Paarl, Cape Colony, Jan. {G. U. 
Shelley). 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
I. Ad. sk. Cape of Good Hope. Sir A. Smith [0.]. 

2. fficropus aequatorialis. 
Cypselus sequatorialis, Mull Naumannia, 1851, p. 27; id. Nouv. Ois. 
d'Afr, pi. 7 (1854); Scl P. Z. S. 1865, p. 598; id. J.f. 0. 1867, 

p. 117; Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 427; Antin. $ Salvad. Ann. Mus, 
Civ. Gen. 1873, p. 432 (Bogos); Bocage, Jom. Lisb. 1871. p. 269, 
1881, p. 123 (Angola); id. Orn. Angola, p. 157 (1881). 
Cypselus riippelli, 
Seugl. Syst. Uebers. no. 106 (1856); id. J. f. O. 
1861, p. 421; id. Orn. N.O.-Afr.^. 141 (1869). 

Adult. All over sooty brown with a little metallic gloss; chin 
and throat whitish : feathers of the under surface edged with white 
and with a subterminal dark bar; some of the feathers of the back 
also with lighter edges. " Iris and feet dark brown ; bill black " 
(Heuglin). Total length a little more than 8 inches, wing 7*4 to 
7*9, tail 3-5. 

Younger birds have the throat less whitish, the secondaries with 
small white edges *. 

Hab. High mountains of Abyssinia and the Bogos country. Mr. 
Jackson procured three specimens at Sotik in the hills between the 
Kenia and the Victoria Nyanza. 

a. J ad. sk. SenafS, Tigre, 7500 ft., 7th March, 1868. JBlanford Coll. 
MICBOPTTS APTJS and allies. 

Although I have kept separate as subspecies M. jpekinensis and 

M. murinus, I admit that I should not be able to determine every 
individual specimen without taking into consideration collateral 
evidence ; but by keeping them distinct the geographical relations 
* Through the kindness of Herr Prof. Lampert, I bad the opportunity of 
examining the specimens collected by Heuglin, which are preserved in the 
Stuttgart Museum, 
442 CTPSELID^J. 

of the various forms are better understood. I consider this to be one 
of those eases the requirements of which are best met by dividing 
a variable form into subspecies. 

3. Micropus apus. 
Hirmido apus, Linn. Syst. Xat. ed. x. p. 192 (1758); id. ed. xii. 

p. 344 (17(H>) ; Gm. Sijst Xat. ii. p. 1020 (1788); Berhst Gem. 
Xaturgeseh. Beutsehl. iv. p. 770 (1795) ; BecJist Orn Ta^chenb. 
p. 225 (1802) ; Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-Av at i. p. 538 (Ifcll). 
Le Martinet, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 512 (1760). 
Swift, Lath. Gen. Syn. iv. p. 584 (1783), 
Le Martinet noir, Mont. Hist. Xat. Ois. ^ii. p. 302 (1783). 
Micropub murarius, Mey. u. Wolf, Taschenb. p. 281 (1810). 
Cypselus apiv, III Prodr. p. 230 (1811) ; Vieill Xoav. Diet xix. 
p. 424 (1818); id. Enc. Meth. p. 533 (1823); Rnux, Orn. Prov. 
p. 237 (1825); Brehm, Yog. Beutsehl. p. 135 (1831) ; Xaum.Vdf/. 
Beutsehl. u. p. 123, pi. 147.fig-. 2 (1833); Keys. u. Bias. Wirbelth. 
Eur. p. 33 (1840) ; Bemidof, Voy. Russ. Merid. p. 203 (1840); 
Muhle, Orn. Griech. p. 28 (1844); Tkomp*. Xat Hist Ireland, 
p. 408 (1849); Wolley, Contr. Orn. p. 109 (1850; (Faeruer); Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 65 (1850); Adams, P. Z. S. 1^59, p. 175 (Cashmere); 
Cab. <§• Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 84 (1860); Poicys, IbU, I860, 
p. 234 (Ionian Is.); Adams, His, 1K54, p. 14 (Einpt); Wriyht, 
Ibis, 1864, p. r^ 1874, p. 227 (Malta); Sperling Ibis, lb(54, p. 283 
(Mediterran.); Trittr. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 431; id. Ibi% 1860, p. 79 
(Palebt); Set. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 598; id. J.f.O. 1-67, p. 117; 
Begl. et Gerhe, Orn. Bur. i. p. 601 (1867); Gray, Hand-L L p. 63, 
no. 717 (1869); Borygreve, Vogelf Xorddeittschl. p. 65 (1839); 
Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 142, part. (1869); Slices $ Buckley, 
Ibis, 1870, p. 200 (Turkey) ; JR. Gray, B. West ScotL pp. 210, ois 
(1871); Shelley, Ibis, ISfl, p. 47 (note); J. H. Gumey, jr., Ibis, 
1871, p. 73 (Algeria); Shelley $ Buckley, Ibis, 1872, pp. 28tS, 290 
(Gold Coast); Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 172, note! (1872); Aid. $ 
Brown, Ibis, 1873, p. 59 (Archangel) ; Gould, B. Great Britain, 
ii. pi. 3 (1873); Brooke, Ibis, 1873, p. 237 (Sardinia); Bumf. Ibis, 
1874, p. 395 (Denmark); Goehel, J. f O. 1874, p. 449 (Crimea) ; 
Irby, B. Gibraltar, p. 63 (1875) ; Sharpe, ed. LayanVs B. S. Afr. 
p. 90, part. (1875), & App. p. 804; TJliarton, Ibh, 187(5, p. 18 
(Corsica); Banf Ibis, 1878, p. 8 (Asia Minor); Ayres, Ibis. 1878, 
p. 407 (Tranbvaal); id. Ibis, 1880, p. 260; Liebe,J.f O. 1878, 
p. 51; Milne-Edio. § Grundid. Madaqasc. p. 189(1879); Seeb. 
Ibis, 1880, p. 193 (Siberia); id. Ibis, 1882, p. 210 (Astrakhan) ; 
Bresser, Hist B. Eur. iv. p. 583, pi. 2m (1881); Xeict ed. 
Yarr. Brit. B. ii. p. 364 (1882); Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll p. 370 
(1882); Seeb. Ibis, 1882, p. 374 (Archangel); id. Hist Brit B. ii. 

p. 292 (1884); Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 27 (Corsica); Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1886, p. 498 (Bushire); Czato, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 18<«6, 
p. 424 (Hunparia) ; Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 302 (Portugal); Lilford, 
Col. Fig. Brit. B. pt. v. (1887); Salvad. Ucc. ItaVf. 81 (1887); 
Quill. Ibis, 1888, p. Il l (Cyprus); Qigl. Avif. Ital p. 322 (1889); 
Saunders, Man. Brit. B. p. 2o5 (1889); Hartwig, J.f O. 1889, 
p. 138 (Norway) ; Zilfbrd, Ibis, 1889, p. 330 (Cyprus); Dresser, 
Ibis, 1890, p. 344; Shelley, Ibis, 1890, p. 168 (Aruwimi R.): 
Glitke, Helgoland, p. 440 (1891). 
Brachypus murarius, Mey. Vog, Livu, 
Esthl p. 143 (1815). 

1 . MICTROPTJS. 443 
Oypselus niger, Zeach, Syst. Cat. M. § B. Brit, Mm. p. 19 (1816). 

Cypselub vulgaris, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. x. p. 72 (1817). 

Cypselus murarius, Temm. Man. d'Om. i. p. 434, pi. ix. (1820); 

TMenem. Fortpfl. Tog. Eur. p. 83 (1829); Brehm, Tog. Deutschl. 

p. 135 (1831); Gould, B. Eur. ii. pi. 53 (1837); Crespon, Orn. 
Gard, p. 307 (1840); Brehm, Togelf. p. 45 (1855). 
Apus murarius, Less. Traite d?Qm. p. 267 (1831). 
Micropus apus, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 165: Stejn. Auk, i. p. 230 (1884); 

JReichen. Syst. Vers. Yog. Deutschl p. 26 (1889) ; Hartert, Eat. 
Vogels. Mus, Senckenb. p. 119. note (1891). 
Cypselus turrium, Brehm, Vogelf. p. 46 (1855); id. Nauniannia, 18*55, 

p. 270. 
Oypselus aterrimus, Keugl. J.f.O. 1861, p. 422. 
Cypselus apus niger, ) 
Cypselus apus vulgaris, ( A. E. Brehm, Verz. Samml. C. L. Brehm, 
Cypselus apus murarius, {* p. 3 (1866) {teste Dresser). 
Cypselus apus turrium, J 
Obelus balstoni, E. Bartlett, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 770 (Madagasc.) ; 
"Mibie-Edw. § Grandid. Ois. Madag. pt. 2, p. 189 (1882). 

Adult. All over sooty black with a slight greenish gloss, especially 
in freshly moulted adult specimens ; forehead a little paler than 
the crown; chin dusky white, generally with indications of dark 
shaft-stripes; under tail-coverts and under wing-coverts generally 
with small obsolete whitish edges: iris dark brown; bill black; feet 
dark brown. Total length about 7 inches, wing 6*7, central rectrices 
1*7, lateral 2*9. 

Toting birds have whitish edges to many of the feathers and a 
whiter forehead. 

Western specimens of 31. apus are darker than Eastern, the latter 
being 31. pekineasis of Swinhoe. Though they are extremely similar 
to 31. apus, and most difficult to distinguish without actual comparison, 
I think it necessary to keep them distinct as a subspecies. 

Again, 31. murium is much paler and seems to be a very distinct 
species, if typical specimens are compared with European 31. apus. 
Comparing large series of 31. apus, 31.pekmensis, and 31 murinus, 
we find it most difficult and almost impossible to draw a sharp line 
between them, some specimens of M. murinus approaching the 
Eastern form of 31. apus so closely that it is almost impossible to 
distinguish them. I therefore think it more natural and convenient 
to regard 31. murinus also as a subspecies. 

31. aaiiicauda, judging from the specimens in the Hume Collection, 
seems to be only the immature bird of the Eastern form. 
There is a specimen of 31. apus from Asia Minor in the Seebohm 
Collection in which the chin is nearly uniform in colour with the 
breast. 

Hah. The Western Palsearctic region generally, migrating early in 
the year southwards to South Africa and Madagascar. 

a. Ad. skh-d. Pull. st. 
Bakewell, Derbyshire, July(O. Salvin). 
Cambridge. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Purchased. 
e. Ad. sk. Turnham Green. 
/. Ad. &k. Hampstead. Salvin-Godman Ooll. 

444 
CYPSELIDJS. 

g^ h. S ad.; i, h. 
$ ad. sk. 

I. Imm. sk. 
m. Juv. sk. 
n, o. c? $ ad. sk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
q. S ad.;r. Jad.sk. 
s. cfad.; £. jad.sk. 
u. 
^ ad. j i?. Ad. 
sk. 
w. S ad-; x. $ j 
y. Pull. sk. 
«. c? ad. sk. 
a\ S ad. j V. J 
ad. sk. 
c'. £ ad.; £'. $ 
ad. sk. 

*'. Ad. sk. 
/ . Ad. sk 
#f. Ad. sk. 
h\ Ad. sk. 
£'. Ad. sk. 


W. S ad.; V. ? 
ad. sk. 
#i\ Ad. sk. 
»\ Ad. sk. 


o'. 2 ad. sk. 

p'. Ad. sk. 

#'. (J ad. sk. 

rf. <$ ad.; s'. Juv. 

sk. 

£'. S juv. sk. 

w'. <£ ad.; i), wr. 

Juv. sk. 

xr. Ad. sk. 

y'. Ad. sk. 

a'. Ad. sk. 

a". J ad. sk. 

£", c". Ad. sk. 

<#'. Ad. sk. 

e", J imm. sk. 

f",g". Skeletons. 

h". Sternum. 

i". Sternum. 

h". Skull. 

Hampstead, 16th June. 


Erith, Kent. 
Bray Church. 
Thames Valley, 2nd May. 
Hampshire. 
Avington, Hants, 12th May. 
Avington, May, June. 
Sarpsborg, Norway, July (P. 


S. Godman). 
Leyden, May (A. van Bam). 
Belgium. 
Granada, Spain, March (JET. 
Saunders). 

Valencia, Spain, March (if. 

Saunders). 
Tangier (Oleese). 
Tunis. 
Malta (A. L. Adams). 
Hermon, Palestine. 
Rasheiga, Palestine. 
Asia Minor, May, June (T. 

Robson). 
Trebizond {Dickson § Ross). 
Bushire. 

Shoa (Sir W. C. Harris). 
Abyssinia (W> Jesse). 
Senate, Abyssinia, 24th April 

(Jesse). 

Maragaz, Bogos, 27th July 

(Jesse). 
Maragaz, July (Jesse). 
Anseba Valley. 

Cape Coast, Feb. (21 E. 
Buckley). 

Fantee. 
Yambuya, Upper Congo. 
Matabele-Land (F. Oates). 


South Africa (Andersson). 

S. Atlantic, 10° S., 35° W. 
Betsileo, Int. Madagascar. 
(Type of Cyps. bahtoni, Bartl.) 
England. Purchased. 
England. T. Ingall, Esq. [P.]. 

S. Germany. 
Dr. A. Giinther. 
S. Germany. 
Dr. A. Giinther. 
Sharpe Coll. 

Sharpe Coll. 

Gould CoH 

Gould Coll. 

G. L.Scott, Esq. [C.]. 
Shelley CoE. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Salyin-Godman Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 


Purchased. 


Tweeddale CoH. 


Tweeddale CoE 


Tweeddale Coll. 
Purchased. 
Jardine Coll. 
Canon Tristram [0.1 
Canon Tristram [C.1. 
Tweeddale Coll. J 


Gould Coll. 


A. J. V. Palmer, Esq. 
India Museum. 

Shelley Coll. 

Sharpe CoH. 

Sharpe CoH 

Tweeddale CoH. 

Blanford CoU. 

SheUey CoH. 

Shelley Coll. 
Jameson Coll. 
W.E.&C.G. Oates, 

Esqrs. [P.]. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Capt. Beckett [P.]. 
Purchased, 

Subsp. a. Mcropus pekiuensis. 

Cypselus apus, Jerdon (nee Linn.), B, India, p. 177 (1862): Tacz. 
Jf. 0.1872, p. 351 (E. Siber.); ? Severtz. J. f. 0. 1873, p. 343 
(Turkestan); ? Dresser, Severtz., Ibis, 1876, p. 189 (Turkestan). 

1 . MICEOPTTS. 
445 
Cypselus acuticauda, Jerd. B. India, Suppl. p. 870, note ex Blyth 
MS. (1864); Blyth, Ibis, 1865, p. 45 (descr., Nepal); id. Ibis, 
1866, p. 339 j Jerd. Ibis, 1871, p. 355; Hume, Sir. F. ii. p. 156 
(1874); Scully, Sir. F. iv. p. 132 (1876); Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 63 
(1869). 

Cypselus pekinensis, Sioinh. P. Z. S.1870, p. 435 (China); id. P. Z. S. 
1871, p. 345 (India); Scully, Str. F. iv. p. 132 (1876); id. Ibis, 
1881, p. 428 JGilgit); David et Oust Ois. Chine, p. 68 (1877); 

C. Smnh. Ibis, 1882. p. 101; Sharpe, Yarkand Miss., Aves, p. 112 
(1891). 
This form is a little paler on the upper parts, especially on the 
forehead and slightly so on the tail. In all other respects it 
resembles M. apus. Typical specimens of this form are exactly 
intermediate between M. apus and typical M. murium. 

/•Hah. As far as I can judge from the series before me, all Asiatic 
birds from Sindh eastwards belong to this form. They wander 
southwards in the cold season, and seem to go even to South Africa. 

The bird described as Cypselus shelleyi* by Salvadori (type 
examined), and tbe one mentioned by myself in the 'Katalog 
Yogels. Senckenb. Mus.' p. 119, no. 1826 c, both from Abyssinia, 
are no doubt identical inter se, and *also with two skins from 
Abyssinia in the British Museum; but they are extremely similar 
to the type of M. pelcinemis. Besides, they most closely resemble a 
specimen of M. apus from South Africa in Mr. Dresser's collection 
and one from England in the British Museum, hoth apparently in a 
somewhat faded plumage, so that I am inclined to refer them to the 
latter species. Several other specimens of ill. apus nearly approach 
them, as also does one of the Eastern form from Gilgit. However, 
further investigations in Shoa and Abyssinia are necessary, to 
show whether there is any constancy in the modification of colour 
in Abyssinian Swifts. At present I believe that, while M. murinus 
is the only species that breeds in Egypt, and M. apus passes that 
country on migration, the darker form reoccurs in the mountains of 
Abyssinia and Shoa. Erom various circumstances, and from the 
dates on which Jesse's and Salvadori's (Ragazzi's) specimens were 
killed, I conclude that these birds cannot be migrants. 

a. $ imm. sk. Shiraz, Persia, 4760 ft. Sir 0. St. John [0.]. 
b. (S 
ad.; c. $ Ferghana, April, June. Severtzoff Coll. 
ad. sk. 
d. S 
ad.; e. <$ Yarkand (J. Scully). Hume Coll. 
imm. sk. 
/• Ad. sk. 
Tashgaom, Aug. 17 (JF. Sto- India Museum. 
liczka). 

g. $ ad. sk. Kargalik, Nov. (F. Stoliczka). India Museum. 
h. Imm. sk. Lukung, Sept. 20 (F. Sto- India Museum. 
liczka). 
i, k. Ad. sk. Kashgar (BeUew). India Museum. 

* 
? Cypselus dubius, Antin. Cat. descr. TJcc. Afr. p. 25 (1864) (juv.). 
Cypselus apus, Finseh, Trans. Zool 8oo. vii. p. 213 (1870) (Abyss.). 
Cypselus shelleyi, Salvad. Ann. Mies. Civ. Gen. xxix. p. 227 (1888) (Shoa).
446 
CTPSELIB-E. 

I Ad. sk. Afghanistan. India Museum 
m, n, (S $ ad. sk. Kandahar, March, April. Swinhoe & Hume 
Colls. 
o. Ad. sk. Safed Koh, Afghan. (W. Tweeddale Coll. 
Ramsay), 
p, q. $ ad. sk. Gilgit, 5000 & 10,000 ft, July. Biddulph Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Sonamurg, Ausr. (J.Riddidph). India Museum. 
*. Ad. sk. Bras, July 11 (J. Biddulph). Tweeddale Coll. 
t, u. d 2 ad. bk. Cashmere. Hume Coll. 
v, ID. Ad.; x-b'. Hazara Distr. (Thandianee, Hume Coll. 
Imm. sk. Radcliffe). 
c'. Ad. sk. Lipi, KW . Prov. (Jerdon). Gould Coll. 
d'. Ad. sk. Peking, June 2. Hume Coll. 
e'. S ad. sk. Port Blair, Andamans, July 30. Hume Coll. 
f,y'. J S ad.sk. Potchefstioom, S. Africa, Jan. J. H._Gurney, Esq. 

Subsp. jS. Micropus murimis. 
^ Uypselub apus, Webb § Berth. On?. Canar. p. 23 (lh41); Boile, 

V. 
/. O. 1857, p. 322 (Canar.) ; Drake, Ibis, 1867, p. 425 (Tangier) 
; Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 142, part. (%ar. murinu*) (1869) ; 
Harhoig, J.f.O. 1886, p. 457 (Madeira) *. 
Cypselus murarius, 
Vem. Hare. Ann. <§• liar/. Xat. Hist, xv. p. 437 
(1855). 
Cypselus imirinus, Brehm, Vogelf. p. 46 (1855); Kaiser, Omis, 
1890, p. 466 (Egypt). 
Cypselus pallidus, Shelley, Ibis, 1870, p. 445, 1871, p. 47 ; id. B. 
Bgijpt,^. 172 (1872) ; Irby, Ibis, 1872, p. 199, 1879, p. 343; id. 

B. Gibraltar, p. 63 (1875); Saunders, R Z. S. 1872, p. 356 
(Granada); Godm. Urn, 1872, p. 170 (Madeira k Canar.) ; Wright, 
Ibis, 1874, n. 226 (Malta) ; Sharps, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 92 
(1875); Reid, Zoologist, 1878, p. 25; Dresner, Hist. B. Eur. iv. 
p. 597, pi. 2U8 (1881); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 158 (IfcSl) ; 
Sharps, Ibis, 1886, p. 487 (Fao) ; GigL Anf. Ital p. 193 (1886); 
id. ibid. 18b9, p. 325 ; Salvad. Use. Ital p. 80 (18^7); Tribtr. Ibis, 
1889, p. 23 (Canar.); M. Waldo, Ibis, 1889, p. 509; Lilford, Ibis, 
1889, p. 330 (Cyprus); Koenig, J. / . 0.1890, p. 269 (Madeira), 
p. 346 (Canar.). 
Micropus pallidus, Stejn. Auk, i. p. 230 (1884). 
Micropus apus murinus, Hartert, Kai. Vogels. Mus. Senckenb. p. 119 
(1891). 

Similar to M. apus, but much paler, of a real mouse-colour, the 
whitish colour on the throat more extended, and the wings a trifle 
shorter in the average. Wing 6-5 to 6*7 inches. 

Western and Mediterranean birds are darker than those from 
Egypt and the Persian Gulf, so that they often closely resemble 
Eastern specimens of M. apus. 

* When we consider that M. murium breeds in most of the northern 
parts of Africa, while M. apus passes through on migration, it must he 
evident that in some cases it is impossible to decide which species is meant in 
older writings. I therefore give references to those authors only whose notes 
make it possible to distinguish between those races. 
1. MICEOPTJS. 
447 
There is a specimen from Benguela in which the chin is nearly 
uniform in colour with the breast. 

Hab. From Madeira and the Canary Islands through Southern 
Spain and some of the islands in the Mediterranean, the greater 
part of Northern Africa to Egypt and Bogos-land, and as far east as 
the Persian Gulf and Sindh. It wanders to South Africa in winter, 
where, however, it is not found further south than Damara-land. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Teneriffe, Mar. 28 (F. D. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. £ ad. sk. Madeira, June 18 (F D. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Madeira. 
W.T.Carmthers.Esq. 
[P.l. 
e. 6 ad. sk. Gibraltar, April 21. Lt.-Col. Irby [P.]. 
f. 3 ad.; g, h. Malaga {Saunders). Tweeddale Coll. 
5 ad. sk. 
I $ ad. sk. Andalusia, May 7. Lt.-Col. Irby [P.]. 

h. Inini. sk. Malta. Adams Coll. 
/. § irnm. sk. Crete, March 27. Capt. Verner [P.], 
m. Ad. sk. Upper Egypt. 
Purchased. 
n. 
3 ad. sk. Egypt, Feb. 12, Shelley Coll. 
(Type of C. pallidus.) 
o. S ad. sk. Egypt 
Shelley Coll. 
p. 
Ad. sk. Egypt, Nov. 20. J. H. Gurney, Esq. 
[P.]. 
q. Ad. sk. Cataracts of Nile. 
Gould Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Benguela. Monteiro Coll. 
$, t Ad. sk. Fao, Persian Gulf, W. D. Cuming, Esq. 
u, v. S ad. sk. Muscat, Feb. 23 (A. O. II.). 
Hume Coll. 

io, a\ d $ ad. sk. Karachi, Sindh, Feb. 7. Hume Coll. 

4. Micropus barbatus. 
Cypselus apus, Gurney, Ibis^ 1863, p. 320; id. Ibis, 1865, p. 264 
Finsch, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii. p. 213 (1870) (discuss.); Sharpe, ed. 
Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 90, part. (1875). 

Cypselus barbatus, ScL P. Z. & 1865, p. 599 (S. Afr.; ex Temm. MS.); 
Tristr. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 887; Finsch, Trans. Zool Soc. vii. p. 214 
(1870) (discuss.); Gurney in Anderss. B. Damara-Ld. p. 47 (1872). 

Nearly allied to M. apus, but larger, the feathers of the flanks 

and abdomen with whitish edges, the dusky-white chin with well-

defined blackish-brown shaft-stripes, whereas in M. apus these are 

only indicated and often hardly visible. General colour as dark as 

in the darkest Western specimens of M. apus. Wing 7*1 to 74 

inches, central rectrices 2*1, lateral 3*2. 

Hab. Known from the Cape Colony only. 

Although the majority of authorities have come to the conclusion 

that there is no such species as M. barbatus, 1 cannot agree with 

them. It is easily distinguished by the characters given above, 

and I do not doubt that the whitish edges to 
the feathers of the 

Hanks and abdomen are a constant character, as the birds before 

me appear to be fully adult. The greenish gloss is rather strong. 

While M. barbatus is probably a resident in South Africa, the true 

M. apus appears there as a migrant and in large numbers. 
448 CTrSELIDiE. 
a. S ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk.
c Ad. sk.
d. (S ad. sk. 
Cape Town, Nov. 9 (C. Jdersson). 
South Africa (Layard). 
Cape. 
Cape. 
AnTweeddale 
Coll. 
Sharne Coll. 
Purchased. 
Sir A. Smith [C.]. 

5. Micropus unicolor. 
Cypselus niurarius, Keineken, Brewst. Jowrn. p. 232 (1829); Keulemans, 
Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierh 1866, p. 364 (Cape Verde). 
Oypselns unicolor7 Jard. JEdinb. Journ. Nat. fy Geogr. Sc. i. p. 242, 
pi. vi. (1830); Jard. $ Selhy, III Orn. pi. 83 (1839) (Madeira) ; 
Webbfy Berth. Orn. Canary. 24 (1841); Gould, Voy.< Beagle; 

ii. p. 41 (1841) (Cape Verde Is.); Bp. Consp. i. p. 65 (1850); 
Vernon Harcourt, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 144 (Madeira) ; Bolle, J.f.O. 
1857, p. 323; Newton, Ibis, 1863, pp. 186, 192 (Madeira); ScL 
P. Z.8. 1865, p. 600; id. J.f 0. 1867, p. 119 ; Gray, Uand-l i. 
p. 63, no. 718 (1869); Dohm, J.f. 0. 1871, p. 9 (Cape Verde) ; 
Godman, Ibis, 1872, p. 170 (Canar.) ; Dresser, Hist. B. Eur. iv. 
p. 601, pi. 268 (1881) ; Beid, Ibis, 1887, p. 434; M. Waldo, Ibis, 
1889, p. 4; Tristr. Ibis, 1889, pp. 23, 25, 30; Koenig, J. f. O. 
1890, p. 270 (Madeira), p. 342 (Canar.). 
Micropus unicolor, Stejn. Auk, i. p. 230 (1884); Hocke, Zeitschr. f. 
Oolog. 1891, p. 17 (nest and egg); Hartioig, Ber. Sept. Site. D. Orn. 
Ges. p. 7 (1891). 

Adult. Coloured like M. opus, but the chin not whitish, only a 
little lighter than the breast. A much smaller bird than J/, apas 
and its allies; tail more deeply forked. Total length abont 6 
inches, wing 5'8 to 6, lateral rectrices 3, central 2-8. 

Hab. Madeira and the Canary Islands. Also observed on the 
Cape Verde Islands, but possibly as a straggler only. 
Eadde's statement * that this bird occurs in the Caucasus (Kiisjiirdi) 
and is not a distinct species is no doubt incorrect. 

a. Ad. sk, Madeira. Dr. Halley [C.l 
b. Ad. sk. Madeira. Gould Coll. 
c. <S ad. sk. Madeira. W.T.Carrathers.Esq. 
[P.]. ^ 
d. 6 ad. sk. Madeira, June 27 (F. D. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e,f Ad. sk. Teneriife, April. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. S ad. sk. Teneriffe, April 4 (J G. Beid). Shelley Coll. 
k Ad. sk. [Africa ?] Gould Coll. 
6. Micropus pacificus. 
Hirundo pacifica, Bath. Index Orn. Suppl p. 58 (1801); Steph. 
Gen. Zool x. p. 132 (1817). ^ 
Hirundo apus, var. £. leucopyga, Pall Zoogn Bosso-Asiat Lpp. 539, 
540 (1811). 
Cypselus australis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 141; Blyth, J As. &oc. 
Beng. xi. p. 886 (1842); Gould, B.' Austral, ii. pi. 11 (1848); 
Bosenb. J.f 0.1864, p. 117; Finsoh, Neu-Guinea, p. 162 (1865) ; 
Biggies, B. Austral p. 20, pi 20 (1877). 

* Ornis Caucas. p. 293. 
1. MICEOPUS. 
449 

Cypselus vittatus, Jard. § Selby, III. Orn. iv. pi. 39 (1843); Bh/tL 
Cat. B. Mus. A. 8. Beng. p. 86 (1849); Bp. Consp. i. p,65 
(1850); Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. B. I Comp. i. pf 385 
(1854) ; Swinh. Ibis, 1860, pp. 48, 427 (Amoy); id. Ibis, 1861, 
pp. 254, 328, 1863, p. 253 (Formosa); id. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 263 
(China) ; Blyth, Ibis, 1863, p. 369 (Moulmein). 

Micropus vittata, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 165. 
Micropus australis, Boie, ibid. 
Cypselus pacificus, Blyth, J. As. Soc. Beng. xiv. pp. 212, 548 (1843); 


Bp. Consp. i. p. 65 (1850); Swinh. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 263: ScL 

P. Z. S. 1865, p. 599; id. J.f. 0. 1867, p. 118; Gould, Handb. B. 
Austral, i. p. 105 (1865); Gray, Hand4. i. p. 64, no. 727 (1869); 
Swinh. Ibis, 1870, p. 89 (Hainan), 1874, p. 434; id. P. Z. S. 
1871, p. 345; Tacz. J.f. 0.1872, p. 35 (E. Siber.) ; Hume, Str.F. 
ii. p. 469 (Tenasserim); id. ibid. iii. pp. 14, 43, viii. p. 47 (Malay 
Penins.) ; Hume $ Davison, 8tr. F. vi. p. 48 (Tenasserim); Prjev. 
in Bowl Orn. Miso. ii. p. 159 (1877) ; Blah $ Pryer, Ibis, 1878, 
p. 
231 (Japan); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 494 (1878) 
(S. New Guinea); Salvad. TJcc. Borneo, p. 119 (1874) ; Seeb. Ibis, 
1879, p. 31 (Japan) ; Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 534 (1880); 
Hume, Str. P. ix. p. 246 (Cachar); id. ibid. x. p. 185 (Pegu) (1883) ; 
Gates, B. Burmah, ii. p. 1 (1883) ; Hume, Str. F. xi. p. 31 (Manipur) 
(1888); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. xxv. p. 573 (1888): Seeb. 
B. Japan, p. 177 (1890). 
Cypselus apus, part., Badde, Beis. Sibir., Vog. p. 130 (1863). 
Micropus pacificus, Stejn. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 29, p. 321 
(1885); Hartert, Kat. Vogels. Mus. Senckenb. p. 119, no. 1828 
(Java) (1891). 

Adult. Upper plumage dark blackish brown with a greenish 
gloss, the feathers narrowly edged with whity brown, these edges 
becoming more indistinct if the birds are quite adult; a band 
across the rump pure white, with narrow brown shaft-stripes ; chin 
and throat white, with brown shaft-stripes ; remainder of the lower 
parts, under wing-coverts, and under tail-coverts brown, with white 
edges and blackish subterminal bars to the feathers in all ages: 
" iris brown; bill black; feet pinkish; claws dark brown " (Oates). 
Total length nearly 7 inches, wing 7 to 7*3, lateral rectrices 3*3, 
central 2-1, tarsus 0*45. 


Hah. Mongolia, Baikal, and the Amoor in the North, Assam, 
Cachar, and Burmah in the West, and extending over China and 
Japan to Australia, where it is probably only a winter visitor. 


a. 
$ ad. sk. Siberia, June. 
b. $ "ad. sk. Salair, N.W. Altai; July 30. Dr. 0. Finsch [C] 
c. 
(S ad. sk. Siberia. Tweeddale Cofl. 
d. e. <$ Q ad. sk. N.W. Mongolia, July. M. N. Severtzoff 
[C.]. 
fi9* 6 2 ad. sk. Chefoo, China, June (Swinhoe). Tweeddale Coll. 

h. 
Ad. sk. Takow, China, March 22 (Swin- Hume Coll. 
hoe). 
i. 
Ad. sk. Amoy, Nov. (Swinhoe). Hume Coll. 
h. 
Ad. sk. Amoy. Hume Coll. 
I. 
Ad. sk. Canton (Johnston). Hume Coll. 
m. 
$ ad. sk. China. Gould Coll. 
VOL. xvi. 2 a 
CYPSELIDJB. 

n. Ad. sk. Formosa (8ivinhoe)> Tweeddale Coll. 
o. Ad. sk. Japan, May. Hume Coll. 
Nagasaki, Japan. P. Rinsrer, Esq. rP.~. 

p. Ad. sk. 
Nagasaki, March 18. P. Ringer, Esq. fP.l. 

q. <$ ad. sk. 
Nagasaki, May 30. P. Birder, Esq. fP.^. 

r, 8. c? $ ad. sk. 

*. § ad. sk. Cape York (Toy. H.M.S. Capt. Stanley [P.]." 
i Rattlesnake,' Macgillivray). 
w, ??, M*. Ad. sk. Cape York, Dec. (Macgilli-Capt. Stanley ~P.]. 
way). 

Gould Coll. 

a:. Ad. sk. Cape York. 

2/. Ad. sk. Moreton Bay. Gould Cull. 
z, a\ V. Ad. sk. Queensland [Cockerel!). S:il\ in-Godman Coll. 
c'. Ad. sk. Penang (Cantor). India Museum. 
<?'. $> ad. sk. Thayetmyo, Burma, Feb. 25. E \V. Gates, Esq. 

<*'. J ad. sk. Amherst, July (Davison). Hume Coll. 
/. <$ ad. sk. Bankasoon, Dec. 22 (Davi-Hume Coll. 

SOJl). 

ff'f h'. 6 $ ad. sk. Sadiya, June 20 (J. Cockburn). Hume Coll. 
i'. Ad. sk. Dilkooshak, Cachar, Sept. Hume Coll. 
h'. Ad. sk. Bootan (Pemberton). India Museum. 

7. fficropns leueonyx 
Cypselus, sp. ?, Blyfh, J. As. Sac. Beng. xi. p. 880 (1842). 

Cypselus leuconvx, Myth, J. As. Soc. Beng. xiv. p. 212 (1845); Bp. 
Consp. I p. 65" (1850); Horsf. § Moore, Cat. B* Mm. JB. Lid. 
Comp. i. p. 109 (1854); Jerd. B. hid. i. p. 179 (1862); Scl P. Z. S. 
1865, p. 600; id. J. f. O. 1867, p. 119; Blyth, Ibis, 1865, p. 45 
(note), 1866, p. 339,1870, p. 161; Tyfler, Ibis, 1868, p. 195 ; Jerd. 
Ibis, 1871, p. 354; Butl. 8tr. F. ix. p. 379, Mahratta (I860). 

Adult. In colour quite similar to 21. j>acificus, but altogether 
much smaller : " iris dark brown ; bill blackish; feet flesh-colour " 
(Badcliffe). Total length about 6 inches, wing 6*3, lateral rectrices 
2*6, central 1*75, tarsus 0*35. 

Hab. As yet only known from the Himalayas and rocky hills 
in Central India, but further investigation will probably add more 
to the knowledge of its distribution, 

a. $ ad. sk. Hazara District, July 10 (Badcliffe). 
Hume Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Simla, June 3. Hume Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Chnmba, Himalaya. Pinwill Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk. 
Bootan (Pemberton). 
India. 
India Museum. 
Gould Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. [India.] Gould Coll. 

8. Mcropus cafifer. 
? Martinet a croupion blanc, LevailL Ois. d'Afr. pi. 244 (1806). 

? Cypselus leucorrhous, Steph. Gen. Zool. x. p. 98 (1817). 

? Hirundo nigra, Vieill. Enc. Mith p. 525 (1823), 

Cypselus caffer, Lickt. Verz. Doubl. p. 58 (1823) (CafFraria et Nubia); 

Bp. Consp. i. p. 65 (1850); Scl P. Z. S. 1865, p. 600 (part.); id. 
J. f. O. 1867, p. 120 (part.); Gurney, Ibis, 1865, p. 264, 1868, 
pp. 50, 152 (S. Afi\); Gray, Hand-l I p. 63; Heugl Orn. &.O.


1. MrrRoprs. 
451 
Afr. i. p. 143, part. ^l^t>9;; Shelley, tti*, 1875, p. 67 (S. Air.), 1682, 

p. 242 (Mashoona): Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 92 (1875) j 
Barratt, Ibis, 1676, p. 197 (S. Afr.); .%«*, Ibis, 1878, p. 406, 
1884, p. 222 (Transvaal). 
Cvpselus 
pygargus, Temm. PL Col. 460 (1828); Bp. Comp. L p. 65 
"(1850); P«&. F«y. Nomra, Toy. p. 38 (I860) (Cape). 
Micropus caiFer, #/>/<?, is/*, 1^44, p. 165: Hartert, Kat. Yogels. Mm. 
Senckenb. p. 119(1891). 

Adult. Tail deeply forked, lateral rectriees very acute. Head and 
wings brown with a slight metallic gloss, tail darker; back and 
abdomen nearly pure black with a steel-blue gloss ; chin and 
throat white, a white band across the rump, shafts of the feathers 
brown; secondaries, except the innermost, with very perceptible 
whitish margins. Total length about 6 inches, wing 5S, lateral 
rectriees 3, central 1*8. 

Tail of Mh ropus caffer. 

Hab. Southern Africa, replaced in the mountains of Abyssinia 
and the Bogos country by a smaller form, which probably wanders 
in winter to the Congo. 

a. Ad. sk. Cape of Good Hope. Gould Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. 
c. J ad.; d. $ ad. 
sk. 
Cape of Good Hope. 
Cape Town, Feb. 7. 
J. Verreaux Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
e.
f. 
2 ad. sk. 
£ ad. sk. 
Caiedon, Oct. 10 {Butler). 
Knysna, March 10 (Anders-
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
9071). 
g. <5 ad. sk. Knysna, March (Atidersson). Tweeddale Coll. 
h.
i. 
Ad. sk. 
Ad. sk. 
George (H. Atmore). 
George (H. Atmore). 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
*,/. Ad.sk. Kingwiliiamstown. C. Trevelvan, Esq. 
m. $ ad.sk. Potchefstroom, Oct. 24. 
[0.]. * 
J. H. Gurnev, Esq. 
ji. d ad. sk. Natal (Cutter). 
[P.]. 
Shame Coll. 
2o2 

452 CTPSELIDJE. 

Subsp. a. Micropus streubeli. 

Cypselus carter, Cab. 8? Heine, Mtis. Hein. iii. p. 85 (1860) (Seanaar); 
Finsch, Trans. Zool. Sac. vii. p. 216 (1870) (Abyss.) : Hartl. 
Abh. naturio. Ver. Bremen, xii. p. 32 (1891). 

Cypselus streubelii, Hartl J.f. 0. 1861, p. 418. 
Cypselus abyssinicus ?, Heugl. J.f. 0. 1861, p. -422. 
Cypselus cafifer orieutalis, Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 143 (1869); 


' Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 427 (discuss.). 
Cypselus gularis, Heugl. Orn, N.O.-Afr.\. p. 143, note MS. (1869); 
Cab. J.f 0.1878, p. 236 (ex Heugl). 

Only distinguished from the Southern M. coffer by its much 
smaller size, which is even perceptible in the smaller size of the bill, 
and perhaps also by the less extended white patch on the throat: 
" iris dark brown ; bill and feet blackish" (Heugl.). Wing 5*4 
inches, lateral rectrices 2*7, central 1*6. 

Hah. Mountains of Abyssinia, the Bogos country, and Uganda 
(Jackson). Two specimens from the Congo belong to this form. 
Heuglin says that this bird is a wanderer in North-eastern Africa. 

Lichtenstein records it from " Nubia." 
a. 5 ad. sk. Kayravguddi, Abyssinia, May 27 Tweeddale Coll. 
(W: Jesse). 
6, c. $ ad. sk. Laudana, Congo (Petit). Sharpe Coll. 

9. Micropus horns. 
Cypselus galilejensis, Antin. Cat. descr. TJcc. p. 24. 
Cypselus affinis, var. horus, Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 147 (ex 
Hartl. 8f Finsch, MS.) (1869). 
Cypselus horus, Salvad. § Antin. Atti JR. Ac. Tor. viii. p. 94 (1872); 
Salvad. Ibis, 1881, p. 540. 
Cypselus affinis, Socage, Jorn. Sc. Acad. Lish. no. xii. p. 269 (1871) 
(Angola). 

Cypselus sharpii, Bouv. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, i. p. 228, pi. vi. fig. 1 
(1876 ; Banana, Congo); Sharpe $ Bouv. ibid. p. 303; L. Petit, 
Ornis, 1885, p. 585. 

Cypselus finsclii, Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 159 (1877). 

Tail of Micropus horus. 
In general appearance similar to M. caffer, but easily distinguished 


1. MICEOPUS. 
453 
by its tail, the lateral rectrices being shorter and not so acute ; the 
white throat is much more extended, going much further down, 
gradually merging into the dark colour of the abdomen; abdomen 
glossy brownish black; sides of the head paler; secondaries without 
perceptible white margins. Wing 5*9 inches, lateral rectrices 2-3, 
central 1*8. 

One specimen without locality in the Collection is like M. 7wrus, 
but has a longer wing and a sooty-brownish throat. Wing 6*3 
inches. It may be an undescribed species, but further material 
would be necessary to throw light upon this bird. 

Rah. Known from the mouth of the Congo and Angola in the 
West, the Useri river in the Kilimanjaro district, and in Abyssinia. 

This bird is probably, like other species of the same group, a 
mountain-bird, and, perhaps, leaving the mountains in winter goes 
down to the Congo valley. 

a. $ ad. sk. Landana, Congo.
b. J ad. sk. Landana, Congo 
c. J ad. sk. Useri Kiver, E.
(Petit). 
Africa, 
A. Bouvier [0.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
H. C. V. Hunter, 
July 18.
d. Ad. sk. ? var. [Africa.] 
Esq. [P.J. 

10. Micropus toulsoni. 
Cypselits toulsoni, Socage, Jorn. Lisb. 1869, p. 339; id. Orn. Angola, 
p. 158 (1881). 
Tail and size like M. Tiorus, but without any white rump-band 
and with a less-extended and only dirty-white throat; head brown; 
back and abdomen black with a bluish gloss, paler and more 
brownish on flanks and upper and under tail-coverts; wings and 
tail blackish brown : bill black; feet dark brown (in skin). Total 
length about 5*9 inches, wing 6, lateral rectrices 2"4, central 1*9. 

Hah. The only specimen before me is from Landana near the 
mouth of the Congo. Bocage described it from Loanda, Angola. 

a. § ad. Landana, Congo. Petit Coll. 
11. Micropus affinis. 
Cypselus parvus, Less. TraitS d'Orn. p. 268 {nee Licht.) (1831). 

Cypselus affinis, 
Hardw. apud Frankl. P. Z. & 1831, p. 116 (descr. 
nulla); J. E. Gray 8f Rardw. III. Ind. ZooL i. pi. 35. fig. 2 
(1832); Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 83; Jerd. Madr. Journ. xi. p. 225 
(1840); Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. xiv. p. 212 (1845); Tick. Journ. 

A. S. B. xvii. p. 302 (1848); Jardine, Contr. Orn. 1849, p. 5 (W. 
Afr.); Bp. Consp. i. p. 65 (1850); Layard, Ann. ty May. NA R. 
xii. p. 167 (1853); Packer. Mev. et Mag. de ZooL 1853, p. 444; 
Rorsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Comp. p. 106 (1854); Ilartl. 
J. f. 0. 1854, p. 154 j Licht. Nomencl. p. 61 (Nepal) (1854); 
Adams, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 175 (Cashmir); Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 177 
(1862); JScl. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 375; id. Ibis, 1865, p. 235; Beavan, 
ibid. p. 405; Selat P. Z. S. 1865, p. 603; id. J. /, 0. 1867, 
454 CYVS&LUUF. 

p. 124; Tristr. Ibis, 1866, p. 76, 1807, p. 362; Bulger, Ibis, 1866, 
p. 219; Myth, ibid. p. 339 j Tytler, Ibis, 1868, p. 195; P*&. ibid. 
p. 307 jj ttf. J.f. 0. 1867, p. 124; Gray, Hand-L i. p. 63, no. 722 
(1869); Ileuffl. Orn. MO.-Afr. i. p. 146 (1869); Brooks, Ibis, 
1S69, p. 47 (egg); Baldamus, J. f. 0. 1869, p. 407; Wyatt, Ibis, 
1870, p. 12 (Sinai); Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 484 (Fantee); «£. Ca£. 
Afr. B. p. 2 (S. Afr.) (1871); #M % # Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 286 
(Gold Coast); Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 419 (Ceylon); Salvad. et 
Antin. Atti It Ac. Sc. Tor. Tiii. p. 95 (1872); id. Ann. Mu*. 
Civ. Gen. iv. p. 433 (1873); Hume, Str. F. L p. 16b' (1873) ; id. 
bests § Fggs\ p. 85 (1873) ; Adam, Str. F. i. p. 370; Ball, Hid. 
ii. p. 384 (1874); Severtz. J.f. 0. 1875, p. 74 (Turkestan) ; Dress. 
B.Far. iv. p. 591, pi. 267 (1874); Dress. (Severtz.), Ibis, 1876, 
p. 189 (Turkest.); lieichen. J.f. 0. 1875, p. 20; Blanf E. Persia, 
p. 130 (1876); Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 94 (1875); Fair-
bank, Str. F. iv. pp. 254; 393 (Palani Hills); Davids. § Wendm, 
Str. F. vii. p. 77, Deccan (1878); Brehm, J f 0. 1878, p. 363; 
Scully, Str. F. Tiii. p. 234 (Nepal) (1879); Reid, Str. F. x. p. 19 
(Lueknow) (1881); Vidal, Str. F. ix. p. 44 (Konkan) (1880) ; 
Salvad. Ibis, 1881, p. 540; JSwinh. Ibis, 1882, p. 101 (S. Afghan.) ; 
Oates, B. B?'it. Burm. ii. p. 3 (note); Tristr. Faun. $ Flor. Falestin, 
p. 83 (1884) j Fadde, Orn. Camas, pp. 36, 294 (1884) ; Fischer, 
Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 35 (Massai-Ld.): id. J. f. O. 1885, 
p. 127 (E. Afr.); lieichen. J.f.O. 1887, p. 61 (Kagehi) ; Koenig, 
J.f O. 1888, pp. 138, 164 (Tum^segn^; Dresser, Ibis, 1889, p. 91 
(Transcasp.); Fadde fy Walter, Ornis, 1889, p, 73 ; Gates, ed. 
Humes Nests fy Fggs, iii. p, 21 (1890); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. 
xxix. p. 551 (1890) (Italy; syn.). 
Cypselus nipalensis, Hodgs. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. v. p. 780 (1836). 
Cypselus montanus, Jerd. Madr. Journ. xiii. p. 144 (1844). 
Micropus affinis, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 16& 
Cypselus abyssinicus, Streubel, Isis, 1848, p. 354 (Abyssinia); UariL 
Beitr. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 16 (1850) ; id. Rev. et Mag. de ZooL 1852, 
p, 6 (I. St. TliomS); id. J. f. O. 1853, p. 397; id. Orn. W.-Afr. 
p, 24 (1857); Scl. Ibis, 1865, p. 235; Tristr. Ibis, 1866, pp. 74, 78; 
Dohrn, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 325 (lllia do Principe); Gray, Hand-1. I 

p. 64 (1869); Hume, Ibis, 1870, p. 405; ? Forbes, Ibis, 1883, 
pp. 517, 520 ;> ? Kartert, J.f.0.1886, p. 591 (Haussa-Ld.). 
Cypselus galilejensis (galilasen^is), Antin. Naumamiia, 1855, p. 307, 
-*" pi v. figs. 1, 2; Tristr. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 431; id. Ibis, 1864, p. 231, 
Crt. 1865, p. 76; Swinh. Ibis, 1866, p. 133; Gray, Hand-L I p. 63 
^ (1869). 
*> P Cypselus fuliginosus, Verr.,jide Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 64 (1869). 


Adult Tail very even. Head, wings, and tail dark brown with a 
very slight metallic gloss; back black with steel-blue gloss ; chin, 
throat, and a band across the rump white: "iris deep brown ; bill 
black ; feet vinous brown " (Leyge). Total length about 5*1 to 5-5 
inches, wing 5 to 5-4, lateral rectrices 1-6 to 1-9. 

This species varies very much in the shade of coloration and in 
size, but these variations do not seem to be restricted to certain 
localities. In the large series before me I can only notice that 
birds from Ceylon, Sikkim, and some from Western Africa are 
darker and have the tails rather longer. The birds from Palestine 
have very light tails, like many African specimens that are not 
from the West Coast. The birds from Palestine show a great 

1. MICROPUS. 455 
extension of the white on the throat and a very light forehead. 
They are named galilejensis and may be regarded as a local race, 
but cannot ho distinguished from several specimens from other 
localities. Perhaps the darkne&b and lightness of colour is due to 
the amount of rainfall in their respective countries, as is the case in 
several other birds. This species is recorded by all observers as 
being a stationary bird all the year round. 

Hob. Africa, from the Cape to the West Coast (St. Thomas) and 
Tunis (where Dr. Koenig procured it in 1891), Sennaar, and Abyssinia 
through the valley of the Jordan in Palestine, and occurring 
locally all over India and Ceylon. A straggler has been shot 

in Italy. 

a, h. $ $ ad. sk. 

c. Ad. sk. 
d. Ad. &k. 
e,f. <S ad.; g, h. 
2 ad. sk. 
i, k. o* ? ad. sk. 


/. Ad. sk. 

«i, n. Ad. sk. 

o. Ad. sk. 
p. g ad. sk. 
q. Ad. sk. 
r. Ad. sk. 
s, t Ad. sk. 
u. Ad. sk. 
v, tv. Ad. sk. 
x, y, z. S ad. sk. 
a'. <$ ad. sk. 
b'. Juv.; c', d', e'. 

Ad. sk. 
f',g'. Ad.sk. 
*h'. <$ ad. sk. 

t', h\ V. Ad. sk.; 

m'-p'. 6;q'-x'> 

§ ad, sk, 
y, z', a". Ad. sk. 
b". Ad. sk. 
c". ? ad. sk. 
d"9 e". 6 ad. sk. 

/".cJad.;/',*". 

2 ad. sk, 
i". Ad. sk. 
h". Ad. sk. 
r,m".& ? ad.sk. 
n". <5 ad. sk. 
o". Ad. sk. 
p", q". Ad, sk. 
r". 2 ad. sk. 
$". Ad. sk. 

Ceylon, April. 
Madras. 
Mysore, Aiuust. 
Belgaum, July 9 (Butler). 


Ahmednagar, January (Fairbank'), 
Khandeish, April (J. David


son). 
Deccan (Burgess). 
Deecan, January 22. 
Saugor, C. P., June 12. 
Maimbhoorn, April (H. C. Bea-

van). 

N. India. 
Bootan, January. 
Sikkim, April. 
Behax. 
Nepal (J. Scully). 
Katmandu, Nepal, April (J. 


Scully). 

Nepal. 

N.W. Himalaya. 
Almorah, Oct. 13. 
Simla. 
Nandarbar, April 4. 
Umballa, March. 
Burtna, February. 
Secunderabad,Oct. (Slaughter). 
Sambhur, July (Adam). 


Jodhpur, February. 
Hissar. 
Dehra Ghazi Khan, May 22. 
Sindh, March 10. 
Meliur, Sindh, January. 
Karachi. 
Kandahar, May 14. 
Muscat, March. 


Col. Legge [C.]. 
Gould Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Tweeddale Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Gould Coll. 
Col. Sykes [P.]. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 


India Museum. 


T. Pemberton, Esq., 
& India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 

Pinwill Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

456 CYPSELID^J. 

t". $ ad. sk. Parpa, near Skiraz, Persia, C. T. Blanford, Esq. 
7000 ft., May 30. 
u"-x". Ad.. sk.; Gennesareth. Canon Tristram 
y",z". J ad. sk. 

re.]. 

a3, b\ $ ad. sk. Gennesareth, May (Tristram).

3 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. 5 ad. sk. Gennesareth April (Tristram). 
Tweeddale Coll. 

d3. $ ad. sk. Sooroo, Abyssinia, May 30 

Tweeddale Coll. 

(Jesse). 
e3. c? ad. sk. Sooroo, Abyssinia,May (Jesse). Sharpe Coll. 
f\ <$ ad. sk. Sooroo Pass, June 1 (2000 ft). Blanford Coll. 
g3. 2 ad. sk. Ain Sambar, 1200 ft,, July 6. Blanford Coll. 
jfr3. $ ad. sk. Bathurst, Senegambia (La-Tweeddale Coll. 

glaize). 
t3. J ; k3, P. Ad. Cape Coast, W. Africa. Buckley Coll. 

sk. 
m3, n3. Ad. sk. Cape Coast, Marcb. Shelley Coll. 
o3-^3. Ad. sk. Fantee (Ussher). Shelley Coll. 
r3. Ad. sk. Elmina (Blissett). Shelley Coll 
s3, t3. Ad. sk. Cape Coast (Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
&3. S ad. sk. Cape Coast. Gordon Coll. 
ir3. $ ad. sk. Grand Bassam, W. Africa. Purchased. 
w3. Ad. sk. Gaboon. Ansell Coll. 
x3. Ad. sk. S. Africa (Layard). Sharpe Coll. 

Tail of Micropus affinis. Tail of Micropus sulfurcatus. 

12. Micropus subfurcatus. 
Cypselus subfurcatus, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Being, xviii. p. 807 
(1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 65 (1850); Swink. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 294 
(China); id. Ibis, 1863, p. 254; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 63 (1863); 
Scl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 602; id. J.f.O. 1867, p. 123; Blyth, Ibis, 
1865, p. 41 (note), 1870, p. 161; Swink. Ibis, 1866, p. 131, 1867, 

p. 227 (Amoy; breed.), 1870, p. 89 (Hainan) ; id. P. Z. S. 1871, 
p. 345; Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 118 (1874); David et Oust. Ois. 
Chine, p. 69 (1877); Hume, Str. F. y. p. 17 (Cachar) (1877), yiii. 
p. 47 (Malay Pen.)' (1879) ; Hume # Davison, ibid. vi. p. 47 
(TeDasserim) (1878); 'TV. Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1880,p. 14 (Sumatra) : 
Oates, B. Burm. ii. p. 2 (1883). 
Cypselus affinis, StricU. P. Z. S. 1846, p. 99; Sicink. Ibis, 1860, 

p. 48 (Amoy), 1861, p. 30 (Hongkong); Pelz. Vmi. Novara, p. 38 
(China) (1865). 
1 . laCEOPTJS. 
457 

Cjpselus leucopygialis, Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil v. p. 58, pi. 13 Q85^ • 
Scl Ibis, 1865, p. 235 (ident. affirm). F { }' 

Similar to M. affiuis, but darker on the head and under tail-

coverts, and especially on the tail, which is a little longer and a 

little more furcated. Wings on the average a little longer. " Iris 

dark brown; legs and feet varying a good deal, from fleshy 

brownish to purplish blackish ; bill black " (Davison). Total length 

about 5*7 inches, wing 5*1 to 5'6, averaging 5*3 and 5-4, lateral 

rectrices 2*1 to 2-25. 

Hah. Eeplaees the preceding species east of the Bay of Bengal 

being recorded from China as far north as Amoy, Cochin China' 

Sumatra, Java, the Malay Peninsula, Tenasserim, and as far north 

as Cachar. 

The specimens from Bootan in the Collection belong to M. affinis, 
but they are very dark, and without large series to compare may 
easily be mistaken for 3L subfurcatiis. After all M. subfurcatus can 
only be regarded as the Eastern representative of II. affinis. 

a. Ad. sk. Cachar (Inglis). Hume Coll. 
b-d. cJ ad.; e-k. Malawoon, Tenasserim, May Hume Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (W. Baiison). 


i. 
J ad.; k. <$ Klang, Malacca, May (W. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. Davison). 
I. Ad. sk. Malacca (Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
m. <$ ad. sk. Malacca (A. P. Wallace). Gould Coll. 
n. <$ ad. sk. Malacca (A. P. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
Oyp. Ad. sk. Malacca. Pin will Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. Malacca (Pinwffl). Tweeddale Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Penang. 
s, t. Ad. sk. Penang (Cantor). India Museum. 
u. Ad. sk. Penang. Gould Coll. 
v, to. Ad. sk. Sumatra (Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
x} y. $ ad. sk. Lolo, Sumatra, Dec. 12 (Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
z. Ad. sk. Labuan, Borneo. Ussher Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Siana. Purchased. 
b'. Ad. sk. Amoy, China, Dec. (Swinhoe), Tweeddale Coll. 
c'. Ad. sk. Amoy, China. Tweeddale Coll. 
dJ. Ad. sk. Amoy, Ghina. Col. Swinhoe [C.]. 
e'. Ad. sk, Amoy, China (Swinhoe). Gould Coll. 
f. Ad. sk. Amoy, China, Dec. (Swinhoe). Hume Coll. 
13. Mcropus andicola. 
Micropus andicolus, Lafr. et d'Orb. Syn. p. 70 (1837) ; WOrb. Voy. 
p. 358, pi. 42. fig. 2 (1844) - Scl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 606; id. J. f. 0. 
1867, p. 127 *; Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 569 (Arequipa), 1879, 
p. 626 (Bolivia); id. Mm. Av. Neotr. p. 94 (1873); Tacz. Orn. 
Perou, I p. 232 (1884). 
Tachornis andecolus, Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 64 (1869). 


Adult. Above dark smoky brown, tail and wing with slight 
metallic gloss, head and especially the front paler, secondaries 

Spek andicola. 

458 
CTPSELID.1I. 

except the innermost with white margins; underparts white, this 

colour traversing over the upper parts in two broad white bands 

across the neck and rump, the former often speckled with brown 

along the middle; upper chin slightly greyish; under wmg


coverts, sides of bodv, and longer under tail-coverts du>ky brown. 

Total length about 5:5 inches, wing 5 to 5-7, tail 2*5, central recti ices 

about 0"5 shorter. 

Some birds are very white underneath. These are perhaps 

younger birds. 
, . 

" The length of wing varies considerably in this bird, ine outer 

rectrices are sometimes white near the ba^e. 

Hal. Andes of Peru and Bolivia to Argentina. 

a. J ad. sk. Quito. Purchased. 
b c. <$ $ ad. sk. Tinta, Peru, June ( WMtely). Sclater Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Lima (W. Nation). Mater Coll. 
e,f. 3 $ ad. sk. Arequipa, March { Jllntely). Sclater Coll. 
ah Qad.sk. Arequipa, March 14 {II. bah in-Godman Coll. 
*' WMtely). 
i. $ ad.; k. Ad. Arequipa, March. II. AVhitely C._. 
sk. 
/. Imm.sk. Consata, Bolivia (£'. Buckley). Salvin-Godrnau Coll. 

m. Ad. sk. Bolivia. 
n. 2 afb sk. Mendoza, Arg. Rep., Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(IVeishaupt). 
o. 2 iid. sk. Pampas Argentinas [Let/bold). S'alvhi-Godman Coll. 
14. fficropus montivagus. 
Cypselus 
monti vagus, d'Orb. Toy. Amer. 21 end. p. 357, pi. xlii. 
fig. 1 (1835-44); Lafr. $ d'Orb. Syn. Av. i. p. 70 (1&S7); Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 66 (1850)*; Set. P. Z. S. 18(55, p. 606; id. J. f. 0.1867, 

p. 127; Scl. cy Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 044 (crit.); Tacz. Orn. 
Perou, i. p. 238 (1884). 
Above sooty black, feathers of the lores white at the base, inner 
secondaries broadly bordered with white; chin and throat white, 
breast whitish with shades of sooty brown; abdomen dark sooty 
brown, whitish along the middle, a pure white band across the 
lower abdomen; under tail-coverts and under wing-coverts like the 
back; primaries sooty black, with very narrow white edges to the 
inner webs of the snorter ones; rectrices sooty black, with very 
narrow whitish edges to the tips and longitudinal whitish spots 
near the bases. Total length about 5 inches, wing 4*7, tail 1*7, 
tarsus 0'33. (Description from a specimen in the Warsaw 
Museum.) 

Easily distinguished from II. andicola by the sooty-black hind 
neck and concolorous rump. In coloration it resembles more 
Aeronautes melanohucm, but is much smaller and the colour of the 
lower parts much different. The toes seem to be quite unfeathered, 
and therefore it is a true Microjnis. 

Hub. Peru and Bolivia. 

2. AEROXATJIES. 
459 

15. Micropus myoptilus. 
Cypselus 
myoptilus, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xxvi. r>. 228 
(1888). r 

The very young specimen from Shoa described by Salvadori, I c, 
as Cypselus myoptilus was kindly sent me by the author for examination. 
It is certainly not the young of M. a<pus, nor, on account of 
its dusky-brownish throat, can it be the young of any of the other 
known species from Shoa. Further investigation must show what 
the adult bird is like. Probably it is an unknown species which is 
somewhat similar to the Atlantic i¥. unicolor. Heuglin (Orn. 
±sT.0.-Afr. i.) states that he several times saw a uniform darkcoloured 
Cypselus^ much like M. unicolor, which he never procured. 
These were probably the old birds of H. myoptilus. 

I have not been able to examine the following species:— 

16. Micropus niansae. 
Cypselus niansae, Meichen. J.f. 0. 1887, p. 61. 
Described as being similar to M. crquatorialis, but much smaller. 
Total length nearly 6 inches, wing 5*9, tail 2*75. 
Hub. Kagehi, on the Victoria Xyauza (Fischer Coll.). 

2. AEEONAUTES. 
If Panyptila is admitted as a distinct genus, it becomes necessary 
to establish a new genus for P. melanolevca. The structure of the 
plumage and the shape of the tail are so totally different, that it 
cannot be associated with Panyptila. Little is known about its 
nidification, but from the notes published it is evident that it does 
not build such a peculiar nest as the species of Panyptila do. 

Mange. Western United States of North America southwards to 
Guatemala. 

1. Aeronautes melanoleucus. 
? Acanthylis saxatilis*, Woodhouse, Explor. Zanni Biver, p. 64 (1853) 
(Arizona); Coues, Ibis, 1865, p. 856. 
Cypselus melanoleucus, Baird, Proc. Ac. Phil. 1854, p. 118 (S. 
Francisco Mts.). 
Panyptila melanoleuca, Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 141, pi. xviii. (18o8) ; 
Scl $ Salo. Ibis, 1859, p. 125 (Guatpmala); Scl. P.Z.8. 1865, 

p. G07; id. J.f. 0.1867, p. 128 j Cooper, Orn. Ccd. i. p. 347 (1870) ; 
JBaird, Brew. £ Eidgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 424 (1874). 
Panyptila saxatilis, Coues, Key N. Amer. B. p. 182 (1872); id. 2nd 

* This may be the Cyps. melanoleuous of Baird, but the description does not 
correspond, and Br. Woodhouse seems not to have procured any specimens. 
See Baird, Brewer, and Ridgw., X Amer. B. ii. p. 42fi, note. 
460 CYPSELTD^!. 

ed. p. 456 (1884); Ridgw. U. S. Geol. Rvjpl ±0th Par. iii. p. 564 

(1877). 
Micropus saxatilis, Steffi. Auk, i. p. 230 (1884). 
Micropus nielanoleucus, Ridgw. Auk, 1884, p. 230 (footnote) ; Scott, 

Auk, 1886, p. 430; A. 0. U. Check-list, p. 223 ; Shufeldt, Ibis, 
1887, p. 151, pi. v.; Ridgw. Man. N. Am. B. p. 303 (1887); 
Jeffries, Auk, ii. p. 223 (1889). 

Blackish brown, forehead generally a little lighter; indication of 
supraloral stripe, chin, throat, and middle of abdomen, a patch on 
each side of the rump, the edge of the outer primary, broad ends of 
secondaries, small edge of outer tail-feathers, and longitudinal spots 
on the inner webs of median tail-feathers near their base -white. 
Total length about 5*8 inches, wing 5*7, lateral rectrices 2*7, 
central 2*3. 

Bab. Western United States southwards to Guatemala. 

a, b. Ad. sk. California (Henshaic). Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
c-x. <5 ad.; y-Colorado Springs, Col., June, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g'. J ad. sk. July (Henshaia). 
h'. <$ ad.; if. Contra Costa, Color., June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Ad. sk. {Henshaw). 
k'. tf ad. sk. Fort Wingate, N. Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July 15 {Henshaw). 

V. $ ad. sk. Fort Wingate, N. Mexico, Dr. E. W. Shufeldt 
Sept. 11. [P.]. 
m'. S ad. sk, Arizona, March 9 (Henshaw). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ri. 5 ad. sk. New Mexico, April (Hart Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Merriam). 
o'. Ad. sk. West Mexico (E. Bartlett). Sclater CoU. 
p'. tf ad. sk. San Bernardino, California, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Dec. 10 (Hebron). 
q'. $ ad. sk. Mexico, June. Tweeddale Coll. 
r'. Ad. sk. Duenas, Guatemala. O. Salvin, Esq. [C.]. 
8'. Ad. sk. Dueiias (O. Salviri). Sclater Coll. 
t', u'. $ ad.; Duenas, July, Nov. (O. Sal-Salvin-Godman Coll. 

v'. J ad. sk. vin). 

Tail of Aeronautes melanoleucus. Tail of Panyptila eayancmis. 

3 . PJJNTYPTILA. 
461 
3. PANYPTILA. 
Type. 
Panyptila, Cai&. Wiegm. Arch. xiii. p. 345 (1847) .... P. cayanensis. 
Pseudoprocne, Streubel, Isis, 1848, p. 358 .......... P. cayanensis. 

Panyptila differs in so many respects from Microjms that it 
cannot be united with that genus. Mr. Salvin has discovered and 
described the interesting nest of P. m ticiiMer onymi, which differs 
entirely from all nests of Uicropvs, and he kindly informs me that 
the nest of P. cayanensis is similar in construction. 

Range. Central and South America. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Much smaller; wing about 4-8 inches ..... . cayanensis, p. 401. 
b. Much larger; wing about 7'3 inches sanciihieronymi, p. 4S'2. 
1. Panyptila cayanensis. 
Le Martinet a collier blanc, Buffi Hist. Xat. Ok. vi p. 071 (1779) ; 

Daubent. PL Enl pi. 7:25. fig. 2 (1783). 
Hirundo cayanensis, Gm. Syst Nat. li. p. 1024 (1788). 
Hirundo cayennensis, Vieill 2V. D. xiv. p. 518 (1817). 
Oypselus cayanensis," Steph. Gen. Zool. x. p. 75 (1817); Bp. Consp. 

i. p. m (1850); Lioi. Oh. Trinidad, p. 81 (1866); Gray, Hani-l. 
i. p. 64 (I860). 
Panyptila cayanensis, 
Cab. Wiegm. Arch. xiii. p. 345 (1847) ; Burm. 
Syst. Uebers. ii. p. 369 (1856) *; Scl. P. Z. S. 1805, p. 606; id. 

J.f.O. 1887, p. 128 j Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 389 5 Scl. $ Sato. 
Mom. Av. Eeotr. p. 94 (1873) - iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 531 
(Antioq.); Salv. Cat Strickl. Coll p. 371(1882); Bed. $ Taos. 
P. Z. S. 1883, p. 569 ("W". Ecuador) 5 iid. Ibis, 1885, p. 438 (B. 
Guiana) ; Scl Ibis, 1887, p. 318. 
Adult. Deep black with a slight silky gloss; a patch before the 
eyes, chin, throat, narrow collar round the neck, large spot on each 
side of the rump, narrow edges of secondaries and inner webs of 
primaries, basal portion of shaft and outer webs of the lateral 
rectrices white. Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 4*8, lateral 
rectrices 2*3, central 1*2. 

Hob* Colombia to Guiana and Brazil. 

a. $ ad. sk. British Guiana. Sclater Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk. 
c. Ad. sk. 
d. Ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk. 
/. Ad. sk. 
Merum6 Mts., Br. Guiana (If. 
Whitely). 
Venezuela (Spenee), 
Bogota (Ward). 
Antioquia (Salmon), 
Antioquia, Sept. (T. K. SalSalvin-
Godman Coll, 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
mon). 

* Spelt cajanemm. 
462 CYBhULtBM. 
g. S ad. sk. Para, Nov. 19 {E. L. Layavd). Tweeddale Coll. 
\ i. Ad. sk. Bahia. 
k. Ad. sk.
I Iinm.sk. 
Bahia (Witcherer). 
Santarem,Amazon(Wickkam). 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
m. Ad. sk. Brazil. Purchased. 
n. Ad. sk.
Ad.sk.o 
Samiria (Whitehj). 
S.America. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

2. Panyptila sanctiMeronynii. 
Panvptila sanctihieronymi, Salvin, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 190, pi xxii. ; 
Scl. P.Z.S.WGo, p. 607; id. J.f.O. 1867, p. 128; Salvin, Ibis, 
1866, p. 195, 1874, p. 188; Scl & Sal v. Xomeacl. Av. Neotr. p. 94 

(1878). 

Adult. Coloured exactly like P. cayanfitsis, but much larger, 
nearly twice as large as its congener. Total length about 7*5 
inches, wing 7*3, lateral recti ices 3*6, central 1*9. 

Rah. This rare species seems to be found only in Guatemala, 
where Mr. Salvin procured it near San Geronimo, Prow Vera 
Paz. 

a, b. Ad. sk. San Geronimo, Vera Paz, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
1862 (O. Sahtn). " (Types of the species.; 

4. TACHOENIS. T 
Cypsiurus (corr. Oj'pselurus), Lesson, Echo du Monde 
Sav. 1843, p. 134 (nee Strains., 1838) _.... T. parva. 
Tachornis, Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 58, pi. 9 (1847) .. T. phcenieobia. 

The members of this genus show great differences from the genus 
Micropus, as limited in the present volume. The character of the 
position of the toes is generally to be seen without difficulty in dry 
skins, but less so in mounted and often distorted specimens. I consider 
this character to be an important one, as it is not only external, 
but extends also to the structure of the first phalanges of the median 
toes. Ko doubt this has some relation to their habits, and probably 
to the manner in which they cling to the leaves of palm-trees or to 
grass roofs of the ISfaga houses in Oachar and Assam. It is remarkable 
that all the species contained in my genus Taehomis are 
" Palm-Swifts," as they are justly called, while all the species of 
Micropvs frequent rocks or stone buildings. They build tiny nests 
agglutinated with saliva to the leaves of palms or the thatch of the 
J^aga huts; while all species of 2Iicrojjus breed in holes of rocks, 
buildings, or occasionally trees, and make totally different nests. 
The eggs are usually two in number, but sometimes three are 
found. 

Range. Tropical Africa southwards to the Cape of Good Hope; 
Madagascar; Indo-Malayan region and the West Indies. 

4. TACHORNTS. 
463 

Key to the Species. 

a. Uniform above ; tail deeply furcate. 
a. 
Lateral rectrices very sharply pointed, 
considerably more than 3 inches in 
length parva and allies, p. 463. 
b'. Lateral rectrices less sharply pointed, 
considerably less than S' inches in 
length. 


a". Glossy blackish above infumata, p. 467. 
b". Ashy brown above batassie?isis, p. 466. 

b. 
Above black, with a white band across the 
rump ; tail slightly furcate phcenicobia, p. 468. 
1. Tachornis parva. 
Cypselus parvus, Licht. Verz. Doubt, p. 58 (1823) (Nubia) j Streubel, 
Isis, 1848, p. 351; Brehm, J. f. 0. 1854, Extrah. p. 95; Biipp. 
Si/st. Uebers. p. 22, no. 69 (1845) j Sol P. Z. S. 1865, p. 601 
(part.); id. J. f. 0. 1807, p. 121 (part.); Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. 

p. 144 (1869)'; Finsch $ Marti Vog. O.-Afr. p. 131 (1870); 
Shelley, Ibis, 1871, p. 48; id. B. Egypt, p. 173 (1872); Sharpe, 
ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 94 (1875); Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. 0?*n. 
p. 358 (Massai-land)'(1884); Beichen. J.f 0. 1887, p. 61. 
Cypselus ambrosiacus, Temm. PI. Col. 460. fig. 2 (1828)*; Streubel, 
Isis, 1848, p. 351 (1848); Cab. 
$ Heine, Mus. Hein. hi. p. 85 
(I860). 

Cvpsiurus 
ambrosiacus, Less. Echo 
"du Monde Sav. 1843, p. 134. 
Micropus parvus, Bote, Isis, 1844, 


p. 165 ; Emm, J.f. 0. 1891, p. 59 
(Tabora). 
Dendrochelidon ambrosiaca, Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 66 (1850). 
Cypselus myochrous, Beichen. J. 


f. 0. 1886, p. 116 (Karema); 
Matschie,J.f 0. 1887, pp. 135, 
141, 152. 
Micropus myochrous, Beichen. J.f. 

0. 1891, p. 152 (Tabora). 
Adult. Mouse-colour above and 
below; chin and throat lighter, with 
dark shaft-lines; wings and tail 
darker, with a slight metallic gloss; 
tail deeply furcated. Total length 
about 6*5 inches, wing 4*8-5'2, 
lateral rectrices 4 (if quite full-
grown), central 1*4. 

Younq. In nestlings the throat is „,.,.-,, 
-p „ * ,i. *n Tad ot Tachornis varva. 
uniform ; all feathers, especially on l 


* Hinindo ambrosiaca, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 1021, (bunded upon Hirundo 
riparia senegalensis, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 508, is not a Swift. (Of. Bc\. I, o.; Finsch 
AHartl./. c). 
464 
CYPSELIM3. 

the upper parts, with rusty edges, disappearing more and more 
as the bird "becomes older. 
In many birds very small light edges are visible on most of the 
feathers ; these seem to be freshly-moulted birds. 

Specimens from the West-African region and Madagascar are 
darker, and must be regarded as a darker form, probably caused by 
the greater amount of rainfall in those countries. 

The tail varies much in length. 
Hob. From Fubia (Xhartoom) to Senegambia, and southwards 
as far as South Africa (Damara-land). 
Evidently an inhabitant of dry countries. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Lanru, E. Africa, Aug. 25. F. J. Jackson, Esq. 
[P.]. 
6. Imm.sk. Lanm, E. Africa, Aiig. F. J. Jackson, Esq. 
pp.]. 

c. $ ad. sk. Tabora, July 31 (Urnm Pasha). Berlin Museum [E."\ 
d, e. <$ ad. sk. Ondonga, S. Africa, March 2 Sharpe Coll. 
(Anderssori). 


f. 
§ ad. sk. Ovaquenyama, S. Africa (An- Sharpe Coll. 
derssori). 
g. $> ad. sk. Ovaquenyama (Anderssori). Shelley Coll. 
h. 2 ad. sk. Damara-land (Anderssori). Tweeddale Coll. 
i. <$ ad. sk. Gorom, Senegambia, May. 
Purchased. 
Subsp. a. Tachorois gracilis. 

a. Referring to specimens from Madagascar. 
Cypselus ambrosiacus, JE. Newt. Ibis, 1863, p. 340 (Madagascar); 
Grandid. Rev. et Mag. Zool 1867, p. 353 (Madag.)-

Cypselus parvus, ScMeg. P. Z. S. I860, p. 421 (Madag,): Pollen & 
Van Dam, Faun. Madag. ii. p. 66 (1868); Milne-Edw. <§* Grandid. 
Madagasc. p. 189, pi. 71 (col. fig.), pi. 73 (skel.), pi. 74 (anat.) 
(1878). 

Cypselus gracilis, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 315 (Madag.); id. 

P. Z. S. 1872, p. 868 (descr. juv.) ; Hartl. Tog. Madag. p. 58 
(1877). 
b. Referring to specimens from West Africa. 
Ovpselus ambrosiacus, Hartl J.f. 0. 1853, p. 397 (W. Air.); id. 
*Orn. W.-Afr. p. 24 (1857); Cass. Proe. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. 1859, 

p. 33 (Camma and Ogobai R.). 
Cypselus parvus, Socage, Jorn. Sc. Lisboa, xii. p. 269 (1871); Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1872, p. 67 (Fantee); Shelley fy Ruchl. Ibis, 1872, p. 286 
(Gold Coa^t); TJssher, Ibis, 1874, p. 47 (Gold Coast); Nicholson, 

P. Z. S. 1878, p. 131 (Abeokuta); Socage, Orn. Angola, p. 160 
(1881) ; Salv Cat.Strichl Coll. p. 370(1882) (W.A&.) ; Martert, 
J.f. 0. 1886, p. 590 (Haussa, Niger). 
This is merely a darker coloured form of the true T. parva. It 
is darker, especially on the back, wings, and tail, and adult individuals 
have more distinct metallic gloss. Old birds have the throat 

4- TACHOENIS. 
465 

whitish, with broad dark shaft-stripes; younger birds have the 

throat nearly uniform. Total length about 7 inches, wing 4,8-5,3, 

lateral rectrices 3*8-4, central 1*5. 

The darker colour of specimens from West Africa was first 

noticed by Cassin (I. c). Sharpe described the 
bird from Mada


gascar as C. gracilis, a name which therefore must stand, if the 

darker race is distinguished. 

The most typical specimens of this subspecies which I hare seen 

are from Gaboon 
(Gamma R.) and Madagascar; others are less 

typical; those from Accra closely approach the true T. parvus, and 

may bo called intermediate forms. 

Eab. West Africa 
from the Gold Coast to Gaboon, Zanzibar, and 

Madagascar. 

Apparently an inhabitant of wooded countries with a great 

amount of rainfall. While the drier parts of Eastern Africa pro


duce the paler form, the darker race is found again on the island 

of Zanzibar. 

I at first believed that O. myochrous of Beichenow would belong to 

the darker form, but fortunately the British Museum has obtained, in 

exchange with Berlin, a male, collected by Emin Pasha in Tabora 

on the 31st of July, 1890, which is mentioned by Dr. Eeichenow as 

Mieropus myoclvrous (J. f. 0. 1891, p. 152). This bird undoubtedly 

belongs to the pale form, and differs in no way from other specimens 

before me. The throat is somewhat darker than in most of the adult 

specimens, but some freshly moulted feathers are quite whitish. 

a. Specimens from Madagascar. 
a, b. Ad.; c. Madagascar (Crossky). Sharpe Coll. (Types 
Imm. sk. of C. gracilis.) 

d. Ad. sk. Madagascar (Crossky). Shelley Coll. 
b. Specimens from West Africa. 
a, b. Ad. sk. Accra (Haynes). Sharpe Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. Accra (Smith). Sharpe Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Accra, February 7. Shelley Coll. 
e3f. Ad. sk. Gold Coast. Br. Gordon [C.]. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Coonors Hill, Fantee ( Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
i, h, I. Ad. sk. Coonors Hill, Fantee (Ussher). Shelley Coll. 
m. J ad. sk. Fantee. 
Sharpe Coll. 
n. 
Ad. sk. Cape Coast, Feb. 9 (T. JB. Shelley Coll. 
MucMey). 
o. Pall. sk. Fantee. 
Sharpe Coll. 
p. 
Ad. sk. Abeokuta, F. Nicholson, Esq. 
[P.]. 
q. Ad. sk. Niger. 
Capt. Allen [P.]. 
r. Ad. sk. Fernando Po. 
s. Ad. sk. Gaboon (JDu Chaillu). Tweeddale Coll. 
t. Ad.sk. Gaboon (Du Chaillu). Sharpe Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Oamma JEtiver. Da Chaillu Coll. 
v. Imm. sk. Landana, Congo. L. Petit, E*q. [0.1 
to. Ad. sk. Zanzibar. Sir J. Kirk [C.I. 
VOL. XVI. 2 ii 

466 
CYPSELII)^. 

2. Tachornis batassiensis. 
Balassian Swift, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. vii. p. 328 (1823). 

Cypselus batassiensis * J. E. Gray, Griff. An. Kingcl. ii. p. 60 (1829); 
Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 54 (1845); Horsf. 8f Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. 
Co. i. p. 108 (1854); Jerd. B. Inch i. p. 180 (1862); Set. P. Z. S. 
1865, p. 602 ; id. J.f. 0. 1867, p. 122 ; Beavan, Ibis, 1865, p. 405; 
Bh/tk, Ibis, 1866, p. 340 ; Holdsio. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 420 (Ceylon) ; 
FairbanJc, Stray Feath. v. (1877), p. 393 (Palani Hills); Davidson 
$ Wenden, ibid. vii. (1878), p. 77 (Deccan); Ball, ibid. vii. p. 202 
(Godaveri); Reid, ibid. x. p. 19 (1880); Vidal, ibid. p. 44 (S. 
Konkan);* Legqe, B. Ceylon, i. p. 322 (1880); Salv. Cat. Strickl. 
Coll. p. 371 (1882); Davidson, Stray Feath. x. (1882), p. 294; 
Davison, ibid. p. 348 (Mysore) (1882) ; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests 
8r Eggs Lid. B. iii. p. 25 (1890). 

Cypselus palmarum, 
J. E. Gray $* Hardw. III. Lid. Zool. i. pi. 35. 
fig. 1 (1832); Bp. Consp. i. p. 65 (1850) ; Butl Stray Feath. iii. 

p. 454 (1875) ; Fairbanh, ibid. iv. p. 254; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 63, 
no. 726 (1869) ; Ball, Stray Feath. ii. p. 384 (1874). 
Adult. Above ash-brown ; head, wings, and tail darker and with 
metallic greenish gloss, lower back and rump a little paler; beneath 
pale mouse-grey, the throat palest; the inner margins of the primaries 
as well as the feathers of the tail and rump have fine whitish 
edges, which are more perceptible in younger birds, and not visible 
if the bird is in abraded plumage. Total length nearly 5 inches, 
wing 4*6, lateral rectrices 3*5, central 1*4. 

Tail of Tachornis batassiensis. 
Hah. India and Ceylon, east to Assam, but not extending to the 

* Spelt balasiensis. 
4 . TACHOTOTIS. 
467 
Malay Peninsula, the birds recorded from there belonging to T. hifiimata 
(ScL). 

a-d. Ad. sk. N.W. Himalaya. Capt. Pinwill [P.], 
e,f.S; g. Ad.sk. Etawah, July, Aug. Hume Coll. 

h. $ ad. sk. Etawali. " 
Hume Coll. 
i. tf ad. sk. Chuppra, March 10. 
Hume ColL 
k. Ad. sk. Kudasee, Nov. 23. Hume Coll. 
£, m. Ad. sk. Oude, November. Hume Coll. 
n. 5 ad. sk. Behar, March. 
Hume Coll. 
o. Ad. sk. Behar. 
B. H. Hodgson, Esq. 
[p.j. 
^;. Ad. sk. Dacca (Tytler). India Museum. 
q. Ad. sk. Dacca. 
Hume Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Assam {McClelland). 
India Museum. 
s. c? ad. sk. Maunbhooni, March (Beavan). Tweeddale ColL 
t, ii. 6 $ ad. sk. Ralpoor, January. Hume Coll. 
v, w. <$ 5 a(i-s^-Sambulpore, December. Hume Coll. 
#, y. Ad. sk. Shada, Khandeiah, April 1 Hume Coll. 
(J. Davidson). 
s. c?; «'• Ad. sk. Ahmednagar, Nov., Jan. (Fair- 
Tweeddale ColL 
hank). 
y, o\ 6 ? ad. sk. Ahmednagar {Fairbank). Tweeddale ColL 
d'. Ad. sk. Madras. Gould Coll. 
e'. Ad. sk. Madras. Dr. Jerdon [P.]. 
/'. d ad. sk. Travancore, Feb. 25. C. Bourdillon, Esq. 

[p.]. 
</'. cJ ad. sk. Calaehull, Feb. 28. Hume Coll. 
h'. Ad. sk. Ceylon (H. Neville). Tweeddale Coll. 
i'. Ad. sk. Ceylon {Cuming). J. L. Layard, Esq, 

CO.]. 

&'. Ad. sk. Ceylon. 

H. L. Cuming, Esq. 
l\ 
$ ad. sk. Ceylon, December 30. 
Col. V. Legge [P.]. 

3. Tachomis infamata. 
Cypselus batassiensis, Bernst. J. f. 0.1860, p. 429 (Java). 

Cypselus infumatus, 
Sel. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 602 (Borneo) * id. J.f O. 
1867, p. 122 ; Gray, Handnl. i. p. 64, no. 730 (1869); Hume, Ibis, 
1870, p. 533 j Jerd. Ibis, 1871, p. 355, pi. 10; SioinL P. Z. S. 
1871, p. 345; Gould, B. Asia, i. pi. 20 (1870); Hume, Stray 
Feath. 1874, p. 469; Salvad. TJco. Borneo, p. 119 (1874); Hume, 
Stray Feath. 1875, pp. 12, 44, vi. p. 48 (1878), viii. p. 47 (1879); 
Bingham, Stray Feath. viii. p. 192 (1879), ix. p. 149 (1880) ; 
Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 333 (Borneo) ; Kelham, Ibis, 1881, 

p. 373; Oatesj B. Burmah, ii. p. 4 (1883); Torderm. Nat. Tijdschr. 
Nederl Ind. 1883, p. 212; Sutter, J.f. 0.1885, p. 344 (nest); 
Hartert (Baker), J.f 0.1889, p. 423 (Cachar); Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, 
p. 23. 
Cypselus tinus, Swinh. Ibis, 1870, p. 90 (Hainan). 
Cypselus tectorum, Jerd. Froc. As. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 61; Godioin-
Austen, J. A. S. B. xxxix. pt. ii. p. 94 (1870); Hume, Ibis} 1870, 

p. 532. 
2H2 
46S 
CTP&BLIlXaE. 

Cypselus lniuusculiis, tSalvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. 1889, p. 5S& 
(Burmali). 

Adult. Upper parts dark brown or nearly black; head, wing's, 
and tail with rather perceptible steel-blue gloss; rump and upper tail-
coverts paler ; sides of head and lower plumage smoky brown ; 
throat a little paler: ki bill and feet black; claws dark brown; 
eyelids plumbeous; iris brown" (Gates). Total length about 4 J 
inches, wing 4*0, lateral reetrices 2-2, central IS. 

Bab. Prom Caehar and Assam, over Burma and the Malay 
Peninsula to Borneo and Java, to the East extending into China. 

a. Ad. sk. Naga Hills (Godwin-Austen). Tweeddale Coll. 
b} c. <$;d. J ad.

e. (S ; f. Ad. sk.
ff, h <$ ad. sk.

I 
Ad. sk.

k. S 
ad.; /, m.
Ad. sk.
n. Ad. sk.
<>, p. (S ad. sk.
q. Ad. sk.
r, s. cS $ ad. sk.
t, u. <S 2 ad. sk.

v. $ ad. sk.
w. $ ad. sk.
x. 
<$ ad.; y, z. Jad. sk. 
a'. d*ad.; b', cr,
d'. J ad. sk.
e'. (S imm. sk. 


f, g'. Ad. sk. 

//. Ad. sk. 

i1 

. S ad. sk. 

k'. (S ad. sk. 

I',l!ym 
mmf.f. $$ adad. sk.
n'.
n'.n'. Ad 
AdAd.
.. sk 
sksk. 
.. 

o'. Ad. sk.
//. Ad. sk.

 Manipur, March (A. 0. Hume).

 Tonghoo, July 26 (JR. G.

W. JR.). 
Pegu, May (D. W. 0.). 
Br. Burma. 
Amherst, Tenasserirn, June,


 Sept. (W. Davison), 
Tenasserim, Feb. 22. 
Malawoon, Feb., July (W.
Davison), 


Khykehto, Tenasserim, Jan.
31 (Daviso?i). 
Pakchan, Jan. 24 (Damson). 
Pahpoon, Tenasserim, Jan. 10

(Davison). 
Kossoom, July 24 (J. Darling). 
Poonya, August 3 (J. Darling).

 Mergui, June 7 (W. Davison).

 Klang, Malay Penins., Feb., 
March (W. Davison). 
Ivlang, Malay Penins., March21 (W. Davison). 
Malacca, Nov., July (Dr.
Mainyay). 

Malacca.
Johore, Aug. 22 (W. Davison). 
Singapore, Jan. 31 (W. Davison). 
Hainan, March (Swinhoe). 
Banjermassing, Borneo (Mottley).


 Kina Benua R., Labuan. 
Java.

 Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Gates Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


J.Packmati^Esq.rp.]. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coil. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Goll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Capt. S. Pinwill [P.]. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coil. 

A. E. Wallace, Esq. 
[P.J. (Type of the 
species.) 
Ussher Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

4. Tachornis phcenieobia. 
Tachomis phcenicobia, Gosse, B. Jamaica^-58, pi. 9 (1847); Gundl 

J. f. O. 1856, p. 5 (Cuba); Albrecht, J. f. 0. 1862, p. 194 
(Jamaica); A. fy E. Newton, HJandb. Jamaica, p. 108 (1881). 
5 . CLAUDIA. 469 
Cypselus phamicobius, Bp. Consp. i. p. 06 (1850); Scl P. Z. S. 1865, 

p. 604j id. J. f. 0. 1867, p. 125; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 64 (1869); 
Scl 8,- Salv. Norn. Av. Neotr. p. 94 (1873); Salv. Cat. Strichl 
Coll. p. 371 (1882); Cory, B. Haiti Sf 8. Domingo, p. 87 (1885) ; 
id. Auk, iii. p. 344 (1886); id. B. W.Lid. p. 139 (1889). 
Cypselus cayennensis, Salle, P. Z. S.1857, p. 232. 
Cypselus iradii, Lemb. Aves Cuba, p. 50 (1850). 
Cypselus cayanensis, Bryant, Pr. Bost. Soc. Nat Mist. xi. p. 95 


(1866). 
Tachornis iradii, Gundl. Ann. Lyc. hrat. Hist. I860, p. 268 (Cuba); 
id. J.f.O. 1874, p. 116. 

Adult. Tail short, slightly furcate. Above black, wings a little 

lighter; head and neck dark sooty brown; a large white band 

across the rump, with some dark spots down the middle; throat 

and middle of abdomen white ; under wing-coverts, under tail-

coverts, sides of body, and a band across the breast dark sooty 

brown; chin dusky. Total length about 4 inches, wing 4*1, 

lateral rectrices 1*65, central 1-4. 

Hab. Jamaica, Cuba, Haiti, and San Domingo. 

a-f. Ad. sk. Jamaica. 
g-h. S ? ad. sk. Spanish Town, Jamaica, Feb. Sclater Coll. 
(Bryant). 
I, m. c? ad. sk. Spanish Town, Jamaica. Bryant Coll. 

n. Sternum. Jamaica, Gosse Coll. 
5. CLAUDIA. 
Cypselus, partim, auct. plurim. 

Tachornis, partim, apud Gray. 

The single species of this genus belongs to the Palm-Swifts. It 
differs from Tachornis as Panyptila or Aeronautes (the latter of 
which is more allied to Micrqpus in the form of the feathers) does 
from Micropus. The feathering of the toes is quite obvious in 
skins. 

'Range. That of the single species hitherto known. 

1. Claudia squamata. 
Cypselus squamatus, Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil. vi. p. 369 (1853); Scl. 
P. Z. S. 1865, p. 605, pi xxxiii.; id. X f. O. 1867, p. 126; 8cl % 
Salvin, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 752 (Xeberos); Pete. Orn. Bras. p. 16 
(1867); Scl. et Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotrop. p. 94 (1873;; Tacz. 
Orn. Pir. i. p. 234 (1884). 
Cypselus marginipennis, Natt. MS., teste Scl I. c. 
Tachornis squamatus, Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 64 (1869). 


Adult Tail long, very deeply furcate. Above, sides of body 
and under wing-coverts black with steel-blue gloss, all the feathers 
neatly bordered with white; beneath white, all the feathers with 
dark bases, which are more visible on the throat and upper breast, 

470 
CYPSEIXDJ3. 

and less so in the middle of the abdomen, which looks pure white; 
under tail-coverts blackish with longitudinal white stripes. Total 

length about 5*4 inches, wing 4*2, lateral rectrices 3, central 1*3. 

Hah. South America, Guiana, and Brazil, and in Eastern Peru. 

cr, b. Ad. sk.
c. <$ ad. sk. 
[South America.] 
Aunai, Brit. Guiana, Jan. 1 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. Ad. sk.
e. Ad. sk.
{H. WMtely). 
Surinam {Bartlett). 
Pernambuco. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
/ . 2 a<3-skg. 
<$ ad. sk. 
Brazil, June 20 {Katterer). 
Xeberos, E. Peru, Oct. 10 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
h <$ ad. sk.
{Bartlett). 
Peru (&. WMtely). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Subfamily II. CH^TUBIN-ffi. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Shafts of rectrices stiff and spinous. 
a\ Shafts of rectrices very stiff, with perceptibly 
prominent spinous points. Plumage 
generally with very different colours, 
often with large parts of white or light 
grey, never with rufous 0. CIO:TT:K \, p. 470. 

b\ 
Shafts of rectrices not so stiff, and without 
perceptibly prominent spinous point*. 
Plumage uniform or with rufous collar 
in the male 7. CYPSELOIDE&, p. 492. 

h. 
Shafts of rectrices ordinary and without spinous 
points ". 8. COLLOCALIA, p. 49G. 
6. CK2ETURA. 
Type. 
Olisetura, Steph. Gen. Zool, xiii. pt. 2, p. 76 (1826) .. C. pelagica. 
Acanthylis *, Bote, Isis, 182G, p. 971 (descr. nulla) .. C. spinicauda. 
Hirundapus f9 Hodgs. Journ. As. Soc. Beny. v. p. 780 

(1836) C. nudipes. 
Pallene, Less. Compl. Buff. viii. p. 493 (1857) C. gigantea. 
Hemiprocne, Nitssch, Pten/logr. p. 123 (1840) C. zonaris. 
Hirundinapus, ScL P. Z. S. 1865, p. 007* 
Rhaplridura, Oates, B. Burm. ii. p. 6 (1883) C. leucopygialis. 

I cannot recognize the genus Hemiprocne, because the form of 
the tail alone cannot be regarded as being sufficient to separate 
genera in the CypselidcB, as the species of the genus Mierojms 
clearly show. 

Range. Prom Amoorland throughout Asia, except its most 

* Should be spelt Aeanthyllis. 
t Hirundinapus corr. 
6. CHJ3TUBA. 
western parts, the Malayan and Papuan region to Australia (at 
least on migration), Tropical Africa, and nearly the whole of 
America except the most southern part. Eggs invariably white. 

Key to the Species *. 

a. No white band across the breast. 
a'. Large, wing about 7 to 8 inches ; chin and 
throat pure white. 
a". Small white band across the forehead ..
b". Without white on the forehead

b'. Size similar ; chin and throat not white. 
c". Above and below steel-blue, back with 
purple glossd". Lower surface smoky brown, back paler. 
a"r. No white spot between the lores and 
nostrilsb'". White spots between the lores and 
nostrils ,
c\ Smaller; above metallic glossy blue; no 
white on the rump. 
e". Greater under wing-coverts pure white..

f. Under wing-coverts glossy greenish ... .
d'. Smaller; lower abdomen, rump, under and 
upper tail-coverts white with dark shafts .

e'. Smaller; white band across the rump. 

g". White band on the rump broad ; lower 
surface only with the anal region white.
Ji". White band narrow, crossing the upper 

tail-coverts; entire abdomen white. 
d". AVing about 6 inches or mored"'. Wing about 5 inches

i". Band across the rump, lower abdomen 
and lower tail-coverts white; altogether 
a much smaller bird

f. Of smaller size; rump paler or darker brown 
or grey. 
k". Lower surface black. 
e"'. Entire lower surface glossy bluish 
black; upper tail-coverts grey with 
black shaftsf". Entirely glossy blackish above and 
below, except tail, upper and under 
tail-coverts, which are pale ashy 
brown

I". 
Lower surface greyish brown with dark 
shaft-stripesm". Lower surface more or less brown or 
greyish, without shaffc-stripes. 
g'". Throat distinctly paler than the abdomen. 


ccwdacuta, p. 472. 

nudipes, p. 474. 

celebemis, p. 476. 

gigantea, p. 475. 

indica, p. 475. 

picina, p. 487. 
novcs-guinecs, p. 487 
sabinei, p. 487. 

ussheri, p. 488. 

cassini, p. 488. 

boehmi, p. 489. 

sylvatica, p. 489. 

leucopygialis, p. 490. 

poliura, p. 484. 
grandidieri, p. 489. 

* Some forms, of which I have not been able to examine specimens or which 
are rather doubtful, are mentioned at the end of this genus. 
472 OTPSELIDJB. 

aK Almost uniform above. 

a5. Brown above. 
a*. Wing: about 5*1 inches pelagica, p. 480. 
¥\ Wing about 4*6 inches vaucvi, p. 481. 
cG. Wing about 4*2 inches ganmeri, p. 482. 

¥. Glossy bluish black above sclateri. p. 485. 
bA. Rump much paler than the back. 
c5. Rump pale ashy. 
<:76. Only a grey band across the 
rump spinicauda, p. 483. 
eG. Entire rump and shorter upper 
tail-coverts grey fumosa, p. 483. 
d5. Rump bluish ashy. cinereiveatrk 8z gtdti". 
Throat almost uniform vrith the ab-[emends, pp. 485, 486. 
domen. 
c4. Rump and upper tail-coverts pale 
brown einereieauda, p. 482. 

dK Rump only a little paler than the 
back, longer upper tail-coverts uniform 
with the back acuta, p. 486. 

g'. Very large, wing about 9 inches : narrow 
white band on the neck only, smricollaris. p. 479. 

h. White band across the breast. 
h'. White band on the neck connected with the 
band across the neck, thus forming a ring. 
like collar zouaris and allies, 
ift White band on the breast separated from j>. 470, 
the white patch on the neck bkeutata *, p."479. 

1. Cksetara caudacuta. 
Hirundo caudacuta, Lath. Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. 57 (1801); Steph. 
Gen. Zool x. p. 133 (1817); Vieill N. D. xiv. p. 335 (1817); id. 
Enc. Meth. p. 531 (1823). 

Hirundo ciris, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. i. p. 541 (1811). 
Hirundo fusca, Steph. Gen. Zool. x. p. 133 (1817). 
Ohaetura australis, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 76 (1828). 
Ohaetura fusca, Steph. ibid. p. 5 (1826). 
Ohaetura macroptera, Swains. Zool. III. pi. 42 (1833); id. Class. B. 


ii. p. 340 (1837). 
Acanthylis caudacuta, Gray. Ann. %- Mag. Nat. Hist. 1843, p. 194 ; 
Rehb. Tog. Neuholl. i. p. 183 (1850) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 64 (1850); 
Gould, B. Austral ii. pi. 10 (1851-1869); Radde, Meis. Sibir. 
Tog. p. 129 (1863); Rosenb. J. f. 0. 1864, p. 117; Sioinh. P. Z. S. 
1863, p. 203 (China); id. Ibis, 1870, p. 90 (Hainan); Newt. P.Z.S. 
1880, p. 1 (England) t ; Dresser, B. Eur. iv. p. 613, pi. 270 (1880) ; 

* Bonaparte, Consp. i. p. 64 (1850), includes in his genus Acanthylis a " Chcetura 
albifrons, Jard. & Selby, 111. Orn. ii. pi. 56;" but on referring to that work 
I find described and figured Acanthisa albifrons, from Australia. Bonaparte 
must have mistaken Acanthiza for Acanthylis. (Of. Cat. B. vii. p. GdG.) 
Gmelin's " Hirundo sinensis" quoted by Vieill. Enc. Meth. p. 534 (1822) and 
Bonaparte, Consp. i. p. 65, as Cypselus sinensis, is a Cotyle. (Qf. Sharpe, Cat. 

B. x.) 
t Newton, Dresser, and a few other authors have spelt the name correctly 
Acanthyllis. 

6. CHiETtnU. 473 
Seel. Ibis, 1882, p. 423 (Siberia); Ldford, Col Fig. Brit. B. pt. xvi 
(1890). 
Pallene caudacuta, | -r> • T • io(^ T/»« 

> Im 1844' 168'

Pallene macroptera, f Boie> P-
Chaetura caudacuta, Cab. et Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 83 (1860); 
Scl P. Z. S. 1805, p. 607 ; id. J. f. 0.1867, p. 129; Gould, llandb. 

B. Austr. i. p. 103 (1865); Bioinh. P Z. 8. 1871, p. 845; id. Ibis, 
1875, p. 448; Tacz. J. f. 0. 1872, p. 351 (E. Siber.); Feb. Ibis, 
1873, p. 108 ; Bamsay, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 581 (N.E. Queensland); 
David et Oust. Ois. CJiin. p. 70 (1877) ; Prjev. in Boivl.Orn. Misc. ii. 
p. 160 (1877); Blah. § Fryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 231; Sah. Cat. Strickl. 
Coll p. 372 (1882); Seed. Hist. Brit B. ii. p. 303 (1884); KirTc, 
Ibis, 1889, p. 298 (X. Zealand); Seeb. B. Japan, p. 178 (1890). 
Acantkylis ciris>, Bp. Comp. i. p. 6o (1850); Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 339 

(part.). 
Hirundapus caudacuta, Gray, Hand-l i. p. 67, no. 770 (18G9). 
Hirundapus ciris, Gray, ibid. no. 771 (1869). 
Hirundinapus caudacutus, Scdvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 320 

(1878) ; id. Orn. Fapuas. i. p. 536 (1880). 
Hirundinapus acuticauda (err.), Oates, B. Burmah, ii. p. 6, note 
(1883). 

Adult Large spot between the lores and nostrils white, generally 
united so that the whole forehead is white; crown, nape, and sides 
of the head blackish brown with metallic gloss; back, scapulars, 
and rump pale brown, palest on the centre of the back, feathers of 
the rump, in most of the specimens, distinctly white on basal portion; 
wings and tail black with greenish and steel-blue gloss, the latter 
being strongest on the wing-coverts and upper tail-coverts ; innermost 
secondaries with the inner webs quite or mostly white; chin, 
throat, vent, and under tail-coverts white; rest of the underparts 
sooty brown, feathers of the lower abdomen with white bases; 
lower flanks glossy bluish black with white; under wing-coverts 
blackish brown with a little metallic gloss. Total length about 8 
inches, wing 8*2, tarsus 0*6, tail 2*3. 

Younger birds show only indications of the white on the forehead 
; the brownish spots on the under tail-coverts, which are to be 
seen in many specimens, are also a sign of immaturity. 
The female seems to be slightly smaller. 

Hah. South-eastern Mongolia and Eastern Siberia (Irkutsk, 
Iakutsk, Amoor, Ussuri), wandering in winter down to Australia, 
passing over China and Japan, in the northern parts of which it 
also breeds. Occurred twice as a straggler in Great Britain. 

a. Ad. j b. 1mm. [Australia?] 
sk. 
c. Imm. sk. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
d. Ad. sk. Amoor, Siberia. Purchased. 
e. Imm. sk.
/ . $ ad. sk.
g. Ad. sth. Imm. sk. 
Japan. 
Chinese Sea, offMay 24. 
Australia. 
Australia. 
Gutzloff, 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Br. M'Kinlay [P.]. 
Purchased. 
Purchased. 

474 

i. Ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
L Ad.: m. Irani. 
sk. 
w, o. Ad. sk, 
j». Ad. sk. 

q. Ad. sk. 
CXPSELIDiE. 

Australia. 
E, Australia. 
Queensland (J. T. Cockerill). 


JST. S. Wales. 
Asiield, N. S. W., January. 
Tasmania. 


Jaidine Coll. 
Tweeddaie Coil. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Gould & Hume Colls. 
Hume Coll. 

Gould Coll. 

2. Chaetura nudipes. 
Chretura nudipes, Hodgs. Journ. As. Soc. Be?ig. v. p. 779 (1838): 
£wmA. Ibis, I860, p. 48 (Amoy); Hume, Str. F. ix. pp. i>:J0, :fctf 
(1880). 

Cypselus leuconotus, Deless. Mag. ZooL 1840, Ois. pi. riO (Bootan); 

id. Ibis, 1861, p. 205 (notice). 

Cypselus nudipes, Deless. Toy. Inde7 p. 25, pi. 9 (1834;. 

Acanthylis fusca, J%Z^, C«t B. Mus. As. ttoc. p. 84 (part.) (1849) 

Acanthylis nudipes, Ho7*sf.fy Moore, Cat. B. Mm. £. X Comp. 

p. Il l (1854). 
Chastura caudacuta, Tytler, Ibis, 1868, p. 196 (Himalaya). 
Chaetura gigantea, Hume fy Cripps, Sir. P. xi. p. #0 (18881 (Dibrughar). 


The only real difference to be depended on between this species 

and 0. cavdacuta is, that the present species never shows anv white 

on the forehead or any indication of it. Besides thin, the steel-

blue gloss on the upper parts is a little stronger, the dark hint! neck 

reaches a little further down to the back and is blacker, so that the 

light centre of the back becomes more obvious by contract. The 

wing is a little shorter on an average, but not always. 

Hah. Prom the Hazara Mountains throughout the Himalayas to 

Bootan. 

One specimen shot in August near Bibraghur, in Upper Assam, 

belongs to this species. It is erroneously quoted as O, maantta 

(Stray Peath. xl I c). 

a-d. Ad. sk. Nepal. Hodgson Coil. 
(Types of the species.) 
e,f,g. Ad.sk. Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). India Museum. 


h. J ad. sk. Darjiling, May. Hume Coll. 
i-m. 
Ad. sk. Interior of Sikkim, March, Hume Coll. 
April (L. Mandelli). 


n. Ad. sk. Bootan. 
•— Pemberton. Em. 

rp "* * 

o. $ ad. sk. Dibrughur, Aug. 15 («/. M. 
Hume*Coil 

Cripps). 
p, q. Ad. sk. N.W. Himalaya. Pin will Coll. 

r, s. $ ad. sk. Cashmere, Aug. 

Hume Coll. 

t <$ ad.; u. $ Koteghur. 

Hume Coll. 

ad. sk. 
v, w, x. (S ad. j Hazara Distr., June, July, 

Hume OolL 

y. 2 ad. sk. Aug, (Col Radcliffe). 
z. Part of Nepal. 
Hodgson Coll. 

skeleton. 

6. GK2ETUJ&&. 475 
3. ChsBtura gigantea. 
Cypselns giganteus, Temm. JPl. Col 864 (1825) (Java). 
Acantliylis caudacuta, part., BIyth, Cat. B, Mus. As. Soc. p. 84 

(1849). 
Acantliylis giganteus, Bp. Consp. I. p. 64 (1850). 
Chartura giga-ntea, Scl P. Z. S. 3865, p. 608; id. J. f, 0. 1867, 

p. 129; Hume, Str. F. iv. p. 228 (1876), viii. p. 47 (1879) (Malay 
Pen.) ; fJETume $ Davison, Str. F. vi. p. 46 (Tenasserim) (1878); 
Sharpe, R Z. S. 1879, p. 335; id. Ibis, 1888, p. 198 (Palawan); 
Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 372. 
Hirandinapiis giganteus, Sahad. TJcc. Borneo, p. 124 (1874); Oates, 

B. Burmah, ii. p. 5 (1883); Biittik. Notes Leyden Mus. ix. p. 40 
(1887) (Sumatra) ; Hartert, J.f.O.1889, p. 400 (Perak); Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1890, p. 24; Steere, List B. $ Mamm. BMlippin. p. 12 (1890). 
Porehead, crown and nape, hind neck, sides of the head and neck, 
wings and tail almost black with steel-bine gloss; lores deep black, 
without any gloss; back, scapulars, ramp, and entire lower surface 
deep smoky brown; under tail-coverts and stripes along the lower 
flanks white. Total length nearly 9 inches, wing 8, tail 2*8, 
tarsus 0*65. 

In this species and in C. inclica the rectrices are acute and run 
into a very long spine, whereas in C. caudacuta and C. nudipes they 
are rounded, and the spine is only half as long. 

Hab. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Palawan, and 
Paragua. 

C. gigantea is quoted from Malawoon in S. Tenasserim, but the 
specimen from that locality in the Hume Collection shows the 
beginning of white spots on the forehead, and therefore must belong 
to the somewhat doubtful C, indica. 
a. Ad. sk. Penang. Cantor Coll. 
b, c, d. 5 ad. sk. Selangore, April, June, July Hume Coll. 
(W. Davison). 
e,f. Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
g, h, i. Ad. sk. Malacca. Pinwill Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Singapore. Wallace Coll. 
* I. (S ad. sk. Palawan, Sept. Steere Coll. 
m. Ad. sk. Sarawak. J. J. Hose, Esq. [P.]. 
n, o. Ad. sk. Labuan, Borneo. Governor TJssher [C.]. 
4. Chastnra indica. 
Acanthylis caudacuta, Blyth, Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 84 (part.) 
(1840) ; Layard, Ann! fy Mag. Nat. Hist. xii. p. 170 (1853) 
(Ceylon). 

Acanthylis gigantea, Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 172 (1862); Holdsiu. P. Z. S. 
1872,"p. 419 (Ceylon) j Ball, Str. F. i. p. 55 (1873) (Andamans) ; 
Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 13,1875, p. 280; Bl $ Wald. B. Burma, 

p. 84 (1875) j Wardl. Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 459. 
Hirundinapus giganteus, Walden, Ibis, 1874, p. 131 (Andamans). 
Chsetura indica, Hume, Str. F. i. pp. 131, 471, ii. p. 155 (1873), iv. 
p. 223 (1876), v. p. 17 (Cachar) (1877), vi. p. 46 (Tenasserim), 
vii. p. 34 (Travancore), xL p. 30 (Manipur) (1888); Davison, Str. 
F. x. p. 347 (Mysore) (1882) j Oates, B. Burmah, ii. p. 5 (1883). 
Chsetura gigantea, Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 314 (1878). 
476 
CYPbELLDJE. 

Similar to C. gigantea, but differs in having a large white spot 

between the lores and nostrils in adult birds. The wing is a little 

shorter on an average. The rump and back is generally paler than 

in C. gigantea, but this is not cpite constant. The same is the 

case with the paler chin and throat, which is generally obvious, but 

not always. Total length about nearly 9 inches, wing 7*9, tail 2'7 , 

tarsus 0*65. 

The white spot between the lores and nostrils is not risible in 

young birds, and I have specimens before me of (7. gigantea in 

which, an indication of white is visible, so that it seems probable 

that the white spot is assumed as they get older. I believe that 

C. indica will have to rank as a subspecies when further materials 
of C. gigantea are compared with the long series of C. indica in the 
British Museum. 
Hah. Hills of Southern India and Ceylon, reaching north as far 
as Cachar. Plentiful in the Andaman Islands. 


a. Ad. sk. Cachar (J. Inglis). Hume Coll. 
h, c. Ad. sk. Tonghoo (W. Ramsay). Tweeddale Cull, 
d, e. (S imm. sk. Malawoon, July 9 (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
/, g. ? ad. sk. Bankasoon, Dec. 21 (W. Davison), Hume Coll. 
h, <$ ad. sk. Salanga, March 3 (J". Darling). Hume Coll. 

i. Ad. sk. Nilgherrieto. India Museum. 
k, I. <$ ad. sk. Travancore, Nov., Jan. Kourdillon Coll. 
m. S ad. sk. Mynall, Oct. Hume Coll. 
n-r. 5 ad.; $, t, Coimbatore, July, Oct. Hume Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. 
*>-o\ c? $ ad. sk. S. Andamans, April, June, July, Hume & Tweed-
Aug., Sept., Nov., Dec. dale Colls. 

5. Chsetura celebensis. 
Chsetura gigantea, var. celebensis, Sd. P. Z. &'. 1865, p. 608; id. J. f* 
O. 1867, p. 130. 
Hiiundinapus 
celehensis, Salvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen* xii. p. 820 
(1878). 

Adult. Deep steel-blue, back and rump with purple gloss; two 

white spots on the sides of the forehead; sides of the abdomen and 

under tail-coverts white. In size similar to 0. gigantea* 

A very distinct species, the only known specimens of which, are 
preserved in the Leiden Museum. 

Hah. Menado, Celebes. 

6. Chsetura zonaris. 
a. Referring to Continental specimens, 
Hirundo zonaris, Shaw, Mill Cim. Phys. p. 100, pi. 55 (1796). 
Hirundo albicollis, Vieill JS'ouv. Diet xiv. p. 524 (Brazil) (1817). 
Oypselus collaris, Temm. PI Col. 195 (1823): Wied, Bettr. iiL 

p. 344 (1831). 
6 . CH^TTTRA. 
477 
Hemiprocne collaris, Nitzsch, Pterylogr. p. 123 (1840). 

Pallene collaris, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 168. 

Hemiprocne torquata, Streubel, Isis, 1848, p. 362. 

Acantliylis collaris, Bp. Consp. l. p. 04 (1850); Burm. Syst. Uebers. 

Th. Bras, ii. p. 304 (1850); id. La Plata Beise, iL p. 440 (1861). 

Acantliylis albieollis, ScL P. Z. S. Ib54, p. 10; 8cl. ty Salvin, Ibib, 

1859, p. 125, 18(50, p. 87 (Guatemala). 

Hemiprocne zonaris, Cab. *§• Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 84 (1860); ScL 

# 
Salv. "NomencL Av. Xeotrop. p. 95 (1873) ; Pelz. Ibis, 1875, 

p. 330; Boucard, P. Z. S. lb78, p. 07 (LMZU) ; 8cl. fy #«/y. 
P. £. #. 1879, p. 531 (Antioquia), p. (520 (Bolivia); 8umkh\ 
Naturaleza, v. p. 250 (Mexico) (18^2); ScL B. Argentine, ii. p. 11 
(1889). 
Ohcetura zonaris, ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 2S2 (1862); id. P. Z. S. 1863, 

p. 99,1805, p. 009; id. J. f. 0.18(57, p. 131; ScL <$• Salvin, P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 752, 1873, p. 289 (E. Peru); Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 15 
(1867); Gray, Kand-L i. p. 64 (1869); Sahia, Cat. Strickl. Coll. 
p. 372 (1882); Bedd. Ibis, 1885, p. 20; Salvin, Ibis, 1885, 
p. 436. 
Reaiiprogne zonaris, Tacz. Orn. Perou, L p. 231 (1884). 
b. Referring to specimens from the West Indies. 
Oypaelus collaris, AlbrevM, J.f.O. 1861, p. 200 (Cuba). 
Acantliylis collaris, Gosse} B. Jamaica, p. 51 (1847). 
Chsetura zonaris, ScL P. Z. S. 1801, p. 77 (Jamaica); Albrecht, 


J.f.O. 1862, p. 201. 
Nepnoc&tes collaris, Gimdl. J. f. O. 1862, p. 177, 1874, p. 114; id. 
Contr. Orn. Cuba, p. 83 (1876). 
Acantliyllis zonaris, A. Sf E. Newton, Uandb. Jamaica, p. 108 
(1881). 
Hemiprocne zonaris, 
Cory, List B. W. Bid. i. p. 17 (1885); Wells, 
Proc. U. S. Mus. ix. p. 620 (1886) (Grenada); Cory, B. W. Bid. 

p. 141 (1889). 
Adult. All over blackish brown with a slight metallic gloss; a 
broad collar round the neck and breast white. Total length about 
9 inches, wing 8*5 to 8*8, tail 3, tarsus 1*9. 

Younger birds have the collar, especially on the breast, only 
indicated or mixed with black. Festhngs have probably no collar 
at all. Yery young birds have also whitish edges to the feathers of 
the lower parts. 

Hah. Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, extending northwards to 
Veragua, Guatemala, and Mexico. In the West Indies it is 
recorded from the islands of Jamaica, Cuba, San Domingo, and 
Grenada. 

Specimens from Guatemala and Mexico seem to be a little 
smaller on an average, but cannot be separated from the true 

C. zonaris. They do not belong to the small form from Eoraima. 
Seven specimens from Jamaica and San Domingo have a very 
perceptible brownish-grey forehead and a short and narrow whitish 
stripe over the fore part of the eye. These may be only seasonal 
features, as I have not a quite freshly moulted specimen before me, 

478 CYrSELIDJS. 

but they may possibly be peculiar to birds from the West Indies. 
I do not find them so well-defined in Continental specimens of 

C. zonaris, although they are indicated in some. 
a. Ad. sk. 
b. Ad. sk 
c. Ad. slu 
d. 2 ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk 
/. $ ad. hk. 
//. Ad. sk 

)i. Imm. sk. 

i, k Imm. sk. 

I. 5 ad. sk. 
m. Ad. sk. 
n. Imm. ; o. Ad. 
sk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
q, J ad. sk. 
r. Ad. bk. 
s. g imm. sk. 
t. J ad. sk. 
M. c? ad. sk. 
v. J ad. sk. 
to. J ad.; x. Ad. 
sk. 
?/. Imm. sk. 

a. Ad. sk. 
b, c. Ad. sk. 
<2. Ad. sk. 
(?. Ad. sk. 
/. £ ad. sk. 
<7. S ad» sk. 
" Caracas." 
Brazil. 
South Brazil. 
Rio Grande do Sul {Joyner). 
Itio Janeiro. 
Ohapada, Matto Grosso (&. 


Smith). 

Brazil. 
Minas Geraes, Brazil {Rogers). 
Upper Amazons. 
Chyavetas, E. Peru, July (JE. 


Bartlett). 
Quito (W. Jameson). 
Consata, Bolivia (C. Buckley). 

Bogota. 
Frontino, U.S. of Colombia, 
Sept. {T.K.Salmon). 
Intac, Ecuador, Dec. (C. Buck


ley). 
Veragua {A?*ce). 
Chitra, Veragua (Arce). 
Calovevora, Veragua {Arce). 
Duenas, Guatemala, Oct. (0. 

Salvin). 

Duenas, Guatemala, Oct. (0. 

Villa Alta, Oaxaca, Mexico (M. 
Trujillo). 

Jardine Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Hardy Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


S. de Itothsay ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Jardine ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Sclater ColL 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Specimens from the West Indies. 

San Domingo. Capt. Hamilton [0.]. 
Jamaica (Ward). Sclater Coll. 
Jamaica. Jardine ColL 
Jamaica. Capt. Hamilton [C.]. 
Spanish Town, Jamaica (W. Smithsonian Inst. 

T. March). 
Kingston, Jamaica, June (0. Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salviri). 

Snbsp. a. Chsetura albicincta. 

PAcanthyhs collaris, Cab. in Schomb. Reis. Guiana, iii. p. 709 
(1848). 
Hemiprocne albicincta, Cab. J.f. 0.1862, p. 165 (Guiana to Mexico); 
Relz. Ibis, 1875, p. 330; Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 436. 
? Hemiprocne minor, Lawr. Ann. N. Y. Ac. Sc. ii. p. 11 (1882) 
(Bogota); Reiehen.fySchalow, J.f.O. 1884, p. 382. 

Like C. zonaris but considerably smaller, and the white collar 

6. CHJETTJRA. 
479 
narrower on the upperside. Total length about 7*5 inches, wing 
7*4, tail 2-8. 

Hah. Roraima Mountains in British Guiana, and perhaps in some 
high mountains of Colombia, while the true G. zonaris is also found 
in Colombia. 

Probably the smaller form from Eoraima is produced by the 
isolated situation and great altitude of the mountains, and it is 
doubtful whether the birds named Hemiprocne minor by Lawrence 

really belong to the same small form. 
a. b. c? $ ad. sk. Koraima, 3500(Whitely). 
ft., April Sarvin-Godman Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Guiana (Brozon). Sclater Coll. 
d. Imm. sk. " Cote Ferine "' (Verreaux). Jardine Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Brit. Guiana. 

7. Chsetura biscutata. 
Chsetura biscutata, Scl P. Z. S. 1865, p. 609, pi. 34 (Rio Janeiro & 
Ypanema); id. J. f. 0. 1867, p. 130; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 15 
(1807); Gray, Hand-l i. p. 67 (1869); JBerl. Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 
1885, p. 155 (Rio Grande do Sul). 

Hemiprocne biscutata, 
Scl. ty Salvin,"Nomencl.Av. Neotrop. p. 95 
(1873). 

Differs from O. zonaris in its collar not being complete, but 
broken into a large white patch on the breast and nape by the dark 
sides of the neck. Besides this the feathers of the chin are white 
with brown borders and shaft-stripes; front of head and short 
superciliary stripe whitish. Total length about 9 inches, wing 8*3, 
tail 3-2. 

Hah. South-eastern Brazil (Ypanema, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande 
do Sul). 

a, b. (S ad. sk. Ypanema, Brazil, June 25 (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 

c. $ ad. sk. Rio de Janeiro. 
Hardy Coll. 
8. Chsetura semicollaris. 
Acanthylis semicollaris, Sauss. Rev. Zool. 1859, p. 118. 

Ohatura semicollaris, Sol Cat Am. B. p. 282 (1862); id. P. Z. S. 
1863, p. 99, 1865, p. 609; Scl. # Salvin, Ex. Orn. p. 52, pi. iii. 
(1866); Scl. J. f. O. 1867, p. 130; Sal. § Salvin, Nomencl Av. 
Neotrop. p. 95 (1873). 

Hemiprocne 
semicollaris, Sumichr. Naturaleza, v. p. 250 (note of 
type) (1882). 

Adult. Blackish brown, with a narrow white band across the hind 
neck; no white on the underparts. Tail subequal. Total length 
about 9*5 inches, wing 9#2, tail 3*1. 

Hah. Mexico. 

a. Ad. sk. Mexico {Be Saussure). Sclater Coll, 
480 
crpsEiiD-S. 

9. Chsetura pelagica. 
Hirundo pelagica, Linn. Syst. Nat ed. x. p. 192 (1758). 
L'Hirondelle de la Caroline, Briss. Orn. ii p. 501 (1760). 
Hirundo pelass:ia,Xenw. Syst. Nat. ed. xii. p 345 (1706); #»*. Syst, 


Nat. ii. p. 1023 (1788); Wils. Am. Orn. v. p. 48, pi. xxxix. 
(1812): Vieill. Now). Diet. xiv. p. 512 (1817): Stepk. Gen. Zool. 

x. p. 129 (1817). 
Cvpselus pela^gius, Wied, Beitr. iii. p. 347 (1830); And. Orn. Biogr. 
*\\. p. 329 (1834). 
Hemiprocne pelasgia, Streubel, Isis, 1848, p. 363. 
Acanthylis pelasgia, Bp. Consp. i. p. 04 (1850). 
Chaetura peia^ffia, Baird, B. N. Amer. p 144 (1858); Sel Cat. 

Amer. B. p. 282 (1862;: Scl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 100, 1865, p. 610; 
id. J.f.O. 1867, p. 132: Gray, Hand-l i. p. 06 (1S0U): Sale. 
Cat Strickl Coll. p. 372 (1832); id. Ibis, 1889, p. 307 (Uozumel); 
Jeffries, Auk, vi. p. 120 (1889). 

Chsstura 
pelagica, Baird, Brew., 4* Ridgw. N. Amer. B. ii. p. 432 
(1874) ; S^oit, Auk, i. p. 161 (1834; : % Brewster, Auk, iii. p. 105 
(188i>); Fox, Auk, iii. p. 31U (1880); Cliadbourne, Auk, iv. p. 104 
(1887); Lang doni ibid.-g. 130; Ridgic. 21. N. Amer. B. p. 303 
(1887) : Richmond, Auk, v. p. 21 (lbSS); Chapman, ibid. p. 272; 
Scott, Auk, vi. p. 2~r2 (1889); Pindar, ibid. p. 314. 

Adult. Dark sooty greyish, head and wings darker and with 
metallic gloss, rump and upper tail-coverts paler; lower parts sooty 
greyish, darker to the vent and under tail-coverts, whitish grey on 
the chin and throat; under wing-coverts like the abdomen. Total 
length about 5 inches, wing 5*1, tail 1*9. 


Young birds have narrow whitish edges to the secondaries. 

Eab. Eastern parts of I^orth America, north to Labrador, west to 
the edge of the great plains, south, in winter, to Mexico; also 
Vancouver's Island. 


a. (S ad. sk. N. America. 
Gould Coll. 
b. Ad, sk. N. America. 
Audubon Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Vancouver's Island. 
d. (S ad. sk. Fort Dufferin, June (Dawson). X. A. B. Commission. 
e. Ad. sk. New Brunswick {Osburn). Sclater Coll. 
/ . 
$ ad. sk. Waukegan, 111., May 26 {JS. W. Salvhi-Godman Coll. 
Nelson), 

g. o* ad. sk. Illinois, July (JS". K. Coale). Sharps Coll. 
h, (S; i. $ad. sk. Locust Grove, N. Y., May, Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
June (II. C. Merriam). 
k, I $ ad. sk. Lowville, N. Y. (A. J". Dayan). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

m. 
<$ ad. sk. Washington, D. G. (Smiih&on. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Inst), 
n-p. 
Imm. sk.; Washington, D. ft, July (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q-t. S ad. sk.; W. Menshaio). 
u-x. $ ad. sk. 

y. 2 ad. sk. Indiana, July {H. K. Coale). Sharpe Coll. 
z, a. <$ 2ad. sk. Grantville and Belmont, Massa- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
chusetts (KenshaiD Coll.). 
b'. Ad. sk. California. Lord Walsino-ham 
[p.]. 

6. OELaETUEA. 
481 
c'. S ad. sk. Corpus Ckristi, Texas, May (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

B. Armstrong). 
d\ $ ad. sk. Brownsville, Texas, May (F. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Armstrong). 
e',f. tfad. sk, Florida, April 22 (W. E. D. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Scott), 
g'. Ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (Boucard). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h'-$. 8; k\ J ; Cozumel I., Yucatan (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

lf 

. Ad. sk. Gaunter), 
m'. Ad. sk. Guatemala. Tweeddale Coll. 


10. Chsetura vara. 
Cypselus vauxi, Toions. J. A. N. Sc. Phttad. viii. p. 148 (1839) 

(Columbia River). 

Acantliylis vauxi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 04 (1850). 

Chastura vauxi, Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 145, pi. xviii. (1858) ; Salv. 

Ibis, 1861, p. 147; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 282 (1862); id. P. Z. S. 
1863, p. 100, 1865, p. 611; id. J. f. 0. 1867, p. 133; Brown, 
Ibis, 1868, p. 421; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 66 (1869); Cones, Key 

N. Amer. B. p. 183 (1872); Baird, Brew., 8f Bidgio. N. Amer. B. 
ii. p. 435 (1874); Bidqw. U.S. Geol. Expl. 40th Par. iii. p. 565 
(1877); id. Proc. U. S. Nat Mies. ix. p. 158 (1886); Sumichr. 
Naturaleza.Y. p. 250 (1882) ; Scott, Auh,iil. p. 429 (1886); Cooper, 
Auk, iv. p. 92 (1887); Totem. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mm. x. p. 207 
(N. California) (1887); Midgiu. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 303 (1887). 
In general appearance similar to C. pelagica, but the wing much 

shorter, chin and 
throat much lighter, greyish white, sometimes 

nearly white, abdomen, rump, and upper tail-coverts paler. Total 

length about 4*3 inches, wing 4*6, tail 1*7. 

Hab. Western parts of the United States of North America, north 

to British Columbia, south, in winter, to Guatemala. 

a. J ad. sk. Washington Terr., July (C B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Kennedy). 
b. J ad. sk. Ft. Klamath, Oregon, Aug. (S. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Parker). 
c. d, e. Ad. sk. K California. Tweeddale Coll. 
Nicasio, Marin Co., Cala,, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f,ff. dV*- Sad


24 {H. W. Henshmv). 

sk. 

Cazadero, Sonoma Co., 
Cala., Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i. 2 ad. sk. 
July 6 (E. W. Kenshaw). 
h. 
8 ad. sk. St. Gorgouio Pass, California, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
May 4 (It. B. Herron). 
I 
Ad. sk. Puebla. M. Boucard. 
of Mexico, Feb.

m. <$ ad. sk. Sierra 
(Re-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
boucli). 
n, o. Ad. sk. Mexico (I)e Saitssure). Sclater Coll. 
p, q. J ad. sk. Alotenango, Guatemala Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(O. Salvin). 
r. Ad. sk. Honduras. 
D.D}son[C.]. 
VOL. XVI. 
2x 

CYPSELID2E. 

11. Chaetura gaumeri. 
Cketura gaumeri, Lawr. Ann. K. Y. Ac. ii. p. 246 (1882), iii. p. 273 
(1883), iv. p. 271 (1884); Reichen. $ Schalow, J. f. 0. 1884, 

p. 381; Ridgw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. TL p. 415 (Costa Eica) (1884); 
id. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 303 (1887); Salrin, Ibis, 1889, p. 367 
(Cozumel). 
Chaetura yueatanica, Lawr, Ann. K Y. Ac. iii. pp. 156,157 (1884) *. 
Cliaetura peregrinator; Lawr. Ann. K Y. Ac. iii. p. 273 (1885) * 
(Yucatan). 
Similar to C. vauxi, but smaller, and darker above and on the 

abdomen. 
Total length about 4*2 inches, wing 4*2, tail 1*5. 
Jffab. Southern Mexico and Yucatan to Costa Eica. 
"Whereas 0. jpelagica and 0. vauxi wander south in winter, 

C. gaumeri seems to be a resident bird throughout the year. 
a,b. Ad.sk. Ternax, Yucatan, ^lay (G. F. Sclater Coll. 
Gaumer). 
c-s. Ad. sk. Cozumel L, Yucatan (G. F Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gaumer). 
t, u. Ad. sk. Cozumel I., Yucatan, April {G. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
F. Gaumer). 
v. Ad. sk. Chiriqui (Arc4). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

12. Chsetura ciaereicauda.. 
? Vencejillo, Azara, Apunt. ii. p. 513 (1802)f. 
? Hirundo oxyura, VieilL Nouv. Diet. xiv. p. 536 (founded on the 

latter) (1817). 
Cypselus pelasgius, Wied9 Beitr. iii. p. 347 (1833). 
Acanthylis oxyura, Bp. Cousp. i. p. 64 (1650); Burin. Si/st. Uek 

Th. Bras. ii. p. 366 (1856); Enter, J.f. 0.1867, p. 222 (nest). 
Acanthylis cinereicauda, Cass. Proc. Ac. Se. Phil. v. p. 58, pi. 13. 
tig. 2 (1858). 
Chaetura poliura, Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 283 (1862); id. P. Z. S.1863, 

p. 101,1865, p. 611; id. J.f 0. 1867, p. 133; Pelz. Orn. Bras. 
p. 16 (1868). 
Chastura cinereicauda, Scl. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 329; Scl. 8f Sah. Nomencl. 
Av. Neotrop. p. 95 (1873). 

Adult Forehead, crown, nape, back, and wings black with steel-
bine gloss; rectrices above blackish brown with metallic gloss; 
rump and upper tail-coverts pale dusky brown. Total length nearly 
4*5 inches, wing 4*6, tail 1*7. 

This species is distinguished from C. gaumeri by its longer tail 
and wings, by its underparts being uniform, the throat not at all 

* I had the opportunity of comparing the types of C. yucaianiea and C'.peregrinator, 
which were kindly sent me by Prof. Allen, and cannot detect any 
differences between C. gaumeri and the supposed new species. 
t Until specimens have been procured in Paraguay it must remain doubtful 
whether Azara's bird is identical with that inhabiting Brazil or not. 

6. CBGETUEA. 
or hardly perceptibly paler than the abdomen, and by the upper 
tail-coverts being very different in colour from the rectrices. 
Hal. Brazil (Bio). 

a, h. Ad. sk. 
Brazil. Sclater Coll. 

13. Chsetura spinicauda. 
Hirondelle acutipenne de Cayenne. Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. r>. 701 
(1779). * * 
Hirondelle a queue pointue de Cayenne, Daubent PI. Enl. 726. fis\ 1 

(1783). & 
Cypselus spinicaudus, Temm. Tall. Meth. p. 78 (1839). 
Acanthylis spinicauda, Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 971, 1844, p. 167; Bp. 

Consp.i. n. 64 (1850). 

Chsetura 
spinicauda, Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 283 (1862) : id. P. Z. S. 
1863, p. 101, 1865, p. 612; id. J. f. 0. 1867, p. 135; Gray, 
Hand-l. i. p. 66 (1869); Scl. <§• Sab. Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. 

p. 95 (1873) j Salv. His, 1885, p. 437 (B. Guiana). 
? Chsetura 
spinicauda, Berl. $ Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883. p. 569 (W. 
Ecuador)* 

Adult. Distinct from the allied species by a rather narrow light 
grey or nearly white band across the rump; all the rest of the npper 
parts, including the upper tail-coverts, black with slight metallic 
gloss; underparts greyish brown, darkest on the breast, whitish on 
the chin and throat, lighter on the lower abdomen; under tail-
coverts uniform brown. Total length about 4 inches, wing 4 to 
4*2, tail 1*75. 

Hah. Guiana to Cayenne and Trinidad. 

a. (S\b. Ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Nov., Dec. (H. WhitehJ). 
Cjd. $ J ad. sk. Camacusa, Brit. Guiana, Oct. 8 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(H. Whitely). 
e. Ad. sk. British Guiana (Brown). Sclater Coll. 
/. (S ad. sk. Surinam, April 1(0. B.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Cayenne (Fraser, Parzudaki). Sclater Coll. 
L Ad. sk. Surinam. 
14. Chaetura fumosa. 
Ch&tura 
fumosa, Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 204 (Veragua) ; Wyatt, 
Ibis, 1871, p. 375 (Colombia); Scl. $ Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. 

p. 95 (1873). 
Chsetura spinicauda, Bayard, Ibis, 1873, p. 389 (Para). 
Yery closely allied to O. spinicauda, but differs in the rump not 
only being crossed by a grey band, but the entire rump and upper 
tail-coverts, except the longest, being grey with dark shafts. Besides 

* This will probably prove to be a new species. The authors noticed differences 
in colour between specimens from Ghiiana and others from Ecuador. 
2i2 

484 
CYPSELIDJE. 

this the lower surface, except the whitish chin and throat, is darker 
and more uniform than in G. spinicauda. Total length about 4*5 
inches, wing 4*2 to 4*4, tail 1*65. 

Nearly as dark on the underparts as G. sdateri, from which it is 

easily distinguished by the colour of its rump. ^ 

Eab. Yeragua and northern parts of Colombia. Two birds from 

Para and one from Santarem on the Amazon belong also to this 

species and not to O. spinicauda, as we should expect. 

a. J ; b. Ad. sk. Bugaba, Chiriqui (Arce). Salrin-Godman Coll. 
(T^pes of the species.) 
c, d. S ad. sk, Chiriqui, Yeragua (Arce). Rtlater Coll. 

e. Ad. sk. Santarem, Amazon (Wich- Sclater Coll. 
ham). 
f. 
S; g. $ ad. Para, Nov. (E. B. Bayard). Tweecldale Coll. 
sk. 
h. S ad. sk. Para, Sept. 1 (E. B. Bayard). Sliarpe Coll. 
15. Chsetura polinra. 
Hirondelle brune acutipenne de la Louisiane, Buff, Hist. Eat. Ois. 
Vi. p. 690 (1779). 
Hirondelle a queue pointue de la Louisiane, Daubeiit. PL Enl. 7*26. 

fig. 2 (1783). 
Cypselus poliurus, Temm. Tall. Mali. p. 78 (1*30). 
Acanthylis brachyura, Jarcl. Ann. $• Mag. E. II. LH4G? p. 1*20. 
Acanthvlis poliourus, Bp. Comp. i. p. 64 (1850); Beat. Ok. Trinidad, 

p. 86fc(1866j. 
Chsetura poliura, Set. Gat. Am. B. p. 283 (1862); id. P. Z. S.1863, 
p. 101, 1865, p. 611, 1870, p. 329 ; id. J. f. O. 1867, p. 133; Belz. 
Orn. Bras. p. 16 (1807); Gray, Eaml-l. i. p. 6G (38011); Fin*chy
P. Z. S. 1870, p. 558 (Trinidad) ; Bayard, Ibis, lb73, p. 389; Sd. 8? 
Sab. P.Z. S. 1873, p. 289 (E. Peru); Zairr. Ami. S. Y. Ac. Sc. 
i. p. 255 (1&78); Tacz. Orn. Berou, i. p. 229 (1884) j Cory, Ibis, 
1886, p. 473 (St. Yincent). -
Chaetura brachycerca, Sd. # Safo. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 758, pi. xxxiv.; 
Sd. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 329. 
Chsetura brachyura, 
Cory, B. W. Ind. p. 294 (St. Yincent and 
Gienada). 

Adidt. Forehead, crown, nape, back, sides of the head and neck, 

chin, throat, breast, and abdomen black with metallic gloss; wing 

black with stronger steel-blue gloss ; rump and upper tail-coverts, 

tail, vent, and under tail-coverts cinereous grey with a brownish 

tinge, rectrices with black shafts and spines. Total length about 

4 inches, wing 4*8, tail 1*3. 

Specimens from South America and the islands are perfectly 

similar. 

Eccb. Prom the Upper Amazons in Peru and Ecuador to Para 

in Brazil; Guiana and the islands of Trinidad, Tobago, Grenada, 

and St. Yinceut in the West Indies. Will probably be found in 

Venezuela. 

6 . CH2ETTJRA. 
a, h. Ad. sk. St. Vincent, W. I., April, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(D. W. Smith). 
c, d. $ 
ad. sk. I of Tobago (Kirk). Jardine Coll. (Types 
of Acanth. brachjura^ Jard.) 

e. Ad. sk. Tobago. Sclater Coll. 
fj 9, k. $ ad. sk. Cayenne. 
i, h. <S S a(i-s^« Aunai, British Guiana,, May, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
June (JS. WMtely). 

I. $ ad. sk. Para, Sept. 3 (JS. L. Bayard). Tweeddale Coll. 
m. 
§ ad. sk. Xeberos, E, Peru, June (JS. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Bartlett). 
n, o. £;p. $ ad. Xeberos, E. Peru (JS. B.). Sclater Coll. 
sk. 

q. J ad. sk. Chamicuros, Aug. (JS. B.)t Tweeddale Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Chamicuros. 
Gould Coll. 
s. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons. E. Bartlett [C.]. 
t. 
Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
16. diaetura sclateri. 
Oliaetura sclateri, Feb. Orn. Bras. pp. 16, 56 (1868)* Gray, Hand~l 
i. p. 66 (1869); Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 289 (E. Peru); Tacz. 
Om. Perou, i. p. 230 (1884). 
Clisetura sclateri occidentalism Berl fy Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 569 

(W. Ecuador); Retaken. # Schalow, J.f. 0. 1886, p. 83. 
Adult. Above black with, steel-blue gloss, but rump and upper 

tail-coverts dark slaty grey, the longest of the latter only edged with 

this colour; underparts slaty grey, chin 
and throat palest, darker 

towards the posterior parts; the under tail-coverts being bluish 

black ; tail-spines very long, if not abraded 0*25-0-3 inch. Total 

length about 4*7 inches, wing 4*2 to 4*3, tail 1*8 to 1*9. 

The allied C. cinereiventris is much paler on the abdomen. 

Hah. Ecuador, Peru, and along the river Amazon to Borba on the 
river Madeira. 

a. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. $ ad. ,* d. Ad. sk. Chamicuros, Peru. E. Bartlett Coll. 
17. Clisetura cinereiventris. 
Cypselus acutus, Wied (nee Gm.), Beitr. iii. p. 351 (1833). 
Acanthylis spinicauda, Burm. (nee Temm.) Syst. Ueber. Th. Bras. 

ii. p. 367 (1856). 
Chsetura 
cinereiventris, Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 283 (1862) ; id. P. Z. S. 
1863, p. 101, pi. xiv. fig. 1; id. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 612; id. J. f. 0. 
1867, p. 134 ; Belz. Orn. Bras. p. 16 (1867); Gray, Handrl. i. 

p. m (1869) ; Sakin, Cat. StricU. Coll p. 372 (1882). 
Adult. Above black with a little steel-blue gloss; rump and 
upper tail-coverts pale ashy grey, the longest of the latter only 
slightly margined with this colour : underparts ashy grey, paler on 

* Type compared. 
486 
CXPSELID-3B. 

the chin and throat; the under tail-coverts, hut not the abdomen, 
bluish, slaty black. "Wing 4-3 inches. 

In the allied C. sclateri the abdomen and rump are much darker, 

and the metallic gloss on the upper parts is of a deeper, sometimes 

rather purplish blue. 

Hab. Eastern parts of Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. [Brazil.] 
Eiocour Coll. 
b, c. 
Ad. sk. Brazil. Sclater CoU. (Types 
of the species.) 

d. Ad. sk. Brazil (Gould). Jardine Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. Brazil. Jardine Coll. 
Subsp. a. Chsetura guianensis. 

Acanthylis oxyura, Leot. Ois. Trinidad, p. 84 (1866). 
(Jhsetura cinereiventris, Scdv. Ibis,1885, p. 437 (B. Guiana); Wells, 
Broc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 620 (lSSO)"(Grenadaj ; Cory, Auk. v. 

p. 158 (1888) j id. B. W. Ind. p. 294 (18b9). 
This is merely a northern form of 0. clue reiveniris, and can be 
recognized by the somewhat darker, more bluish colour of the 
abdomen, and darker rump and upper tail-coverts. The wing seems 
to be generally shorter, the specimens before me having the wing 
4 to 4*2 inches in length. 

Besides the specimens in the British Museum, I had the opportunity 
of comparing some specimens sent me by my friend H. yon 
Berlepsch. 

Hab. Guiana, Venezuela, Trinidad (Mus. H. v. Berlepsch), and 
Grenada. 

a. Ad. sk. Venezuela ? Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Guiana ? Purchased 
d. 2 ad. sk. R. Atapurow, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. 25 (H. Whitely). 
e. $ ad. sk. Roraima, Brit. Guiana, April 11 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. Whitely). 
f. 
5 ad. sk. Memnie Mts., Brit. Guiana, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 
13 (S. Whitely). 
18. ChsBtnra acuta. 
Hirondelle noire acutipenne de la Martinique, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois, 
vi. p. 702 (1779). 
Hirundo acuta, Gm. 8yst Wat. ii. p. 1023 (1788); Steph. Gen. Zool. 
x. p. 131(1817). 
Ohgetura poliura, Latm\ Broc. IT. 8. Nat. Mm. i. p. G2 (1878). 
Chsetura dominicana, Later. Ann. N. Y. Acad. 8c. i. p. 255 (1878); 
id. Br. V. 8. Nat. Mus. i. p. 487 (1878); Lister, Ibis, 1880, p. 42 
(St. Vincent); Scl. Ibis, 1880, p. 75 (Sta. Lucia) ; Cory, Auk, iii. 

p. 346 (1886); id. B. W. Lid. p. 141 (1889). 
Chsetura 
dominicana colardeaui, Laun\ Auk7 1891, p. 59 (Guadeloupe) 
(type examined). 

Adult Deep blackish brown above "with a very faint gloss; rump 

6. CH2ETTJEA. 487 
only a little paler; under surface dark smoky brown, only a little 

paler on the throat, and a little darker on the under tail-coverts. 

Total length about 4 inches, wing 4*2, tail 1*8. 

Hob. Islands of St. Vincent, Sta. Lucia, Dominica, Guadeloupe, 

and probably some other islands in the West Indies. 

a. $ ad. sk. Dominica (F. A. Ober). . Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Santa Lucia, W. I. (John Semper). Sclater Coll. 
19. Chaetura picina. 
Chaetura picina, Tweedd. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 944, pi. lix. (Mindanao) ; 
TV. Ramsay, Tweedd. Orn. Works, App. p. 656 (1881). 

Adult. Blue-black with a slight gloss ; chin, throat, and the larger 

under wing-coverts pure white. Total length about 4*6 inches, wing 

6-4, tail 1-2. 

Bab. The unique specimen is from South-western Mindanao. 

a. J ad. sk. Zamboanga, April (H. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
20. Chaetura aovaeguineae. 
Chsetura noveeguinese, d'Alb. <§• Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiv. 
p. 55 (1879); Salvad. Orn. Papuas. i. p. 535 (1880). 
Above glossy greenish blue ; fore neck and upper breast grey; 

abdomen pale grey, with blackish shafts to the lateral feathers; 

under wing-coverts and upper tail-coverts glossy greenish; wings 

coneolorous with the back; tail very short, equal, glossy green; 

bill, feet, and eyes black. Total length about 4*5 inches, wing 5, 

tail 1-2. 

This extraordinary species, of which I have never seen a speci


men, seems to have no near ally. 

Hab. New Guinea (Fly Eiver). 

21. Chaetura sabinei. 
Chaetura sabini, J. & Gray in Griff. An. Kingd. ii. p. 70 (1829); 
ECartl Orn. Westafr. p. 25 (1857); Scl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 205; 
id. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 613; id. J.f. 0.1867, p. 136; Gray, Hand-l. 

i. p. 67 (1869); Shelhy, Ibis, 1890, p. 168 (Aruwimi E.j. 
Chaetura bicolor, Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 7 (1831). 
Acanthylis bicolor, StrieM. P. Z. S.1844, p. 99. 
Acanthylis sabini, Pp. Consp. i.p. 64 (1850). 
Hartlaub (Z. c.) quotes Pallene leucojpygia, Eoie, Isis, 1844, p. 168, 
as a synonym of Chcetura sabinei, but I ctinnot understand why 
that name should be referable to G. sabinei. Boie does not give 
any description or even locality, but simply quotes " Hirundo Uuco


jpygia, Gray in Griff. An. Kingd."—which work I have carefully 
searched for that name, but unsuccessfully. 

488 
CYPSELID33. 

Adult. Above, wings and tail glossy blue-black; chin, throat, 
upper breast, sides of breast, and under wing-coverts slaty black ; 
rump and upper tail-coverts, lower flanks, abdomen, vent, and under 
tail-eoverts white, with black shafts. Total length about 4*2 inches, 
wing 4-7 to 5, tail 1*7. 

Hab. West Africa: Sierra Leone to Congo, Island of Fernando Po. 

a. Ad. sk. West Africa. Sir E. Sabine [P.]. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. Ad. sk. Fernando Po. A. Buuvier Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Yanibuya, Aruwimi E. Mrs. Jameson ~P.]. 
22. Chsetura ussheri, (Plate X.) 
Chsetura upsheri, Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 483 (Fantee) ; Shell. § Bualcl 
Ibis, 1872, p. 284; Ussher, Ibis, 1&74, p. 47 (Gold Coast). 

Adult. Park brown above, a large white ring round the body, 
across the rump and lower abdomen ; chin and throat dull white, 
with dark brown edges to the feathers; abdomen brown, a whitish 
shade along the middle • under tail-coverts and under wing-coverts 
dark brown: primaries, secondaries, and rectrices narrowly margined 
with white, a character which is not very obvious if the 
plumage is abraded. Total length about 5 inches, wing 5*6, tail 1-0. 

Hab. West Africa, Gold Coast. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Fort Victoria, Cape Coast, Sharpe Coll. (Types 
August (Ussher). of the species. J 
c. Ad. sk. Cape Coast (Haynes). Sharpe Coll. 
d. Ad.sk. Cape Coast (Ussher'). Shelley Coll. 

23. Chaetura cassini. 
Chsetura sabinei, Cass, (?zec Gray) Proc. Acad. Sc. Philad. 1859, p. 33. 
Chsetura cassini, Scl P. Z. S. 18(33, p. 205 ; id. P. Z. S. 1805, p. 013 ; 

id. J. f. O. 1867, p. 136 ; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 07 (I860); Shelley, 

Ibis, 1890, p. 168 (Aruwimi It.). 

Acanthylis hartlaubi, Jard. JEdinb. Journ. 1803, p. 147. 

Adult. Above glossy black, except a narrow white band across 
the upper tail-coverts; chin and upper throat whitish with dark 
shaft-stripes- jugulum and throat brownish grey; remainder of 
under surface white, like the small band across the upper surface, 
with fine black shaft-lines; sides of body and under tail-coverts 
blackish. Total length about 4*8 inches, wing 6 to 6'5, tail 1*2. 

Hab. West Africa : Congo, Gaboon. 

cu Ad. sk. Gaboon. DuChaillu Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 

b. Ad. sk. Gaboon (DuChaillu). Jardine Coll. 
(Type of Acanih. hartlaubi, Jard.) 
c. g 
ad.; d, e. Landana, Congo, July (Petit). Sharpe Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
6. CHJ2TTJRA. 489 
fj g. <$ ad. sk. Landana, Congo, April, July Shelley Coll. 
(Petit), 

h. Ad. sk. Yanibuya, Aruwimi Kiver. Jameson Coll. 
24. Chsetura boehmi. 
Chsetura cassini, Bohm, J.f. 0. 1883, p. 178 (Kakoma). 
Chtetura cassini, Schaloio, J.f 0. 1883, p 352 (Kakoma). 
Chsetura boehmi, Schaloio, Omith. Cenfralbl. 1882, p. 183; id. J. f. 


0.1883, pp. 104 352 (Kakoma); Beichm. & Schaloio, J. f. 0. 
1884, p. 381. 

Above black; chin, throat, and sides of body sooty brown; 
feathers of the upper throat with black shafts; wings black; lores, 
breast, lower tail-coverts, and small band across the rump white. 
Total length 3-55 inches, wing 4-9. 

Differs from C. cassini in the throat being sooty brown and not 

white, the lores and breast white instead of brownish grey. 
Eab. Kakoma, E. Africa. 
I have not seen a specimen of this species. 

25. Chaetura grandidieri. 
ChsBtura grandidieri, Schleg. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 421 j Verr. Nouv. 
Arch, du Mus. iii. Bull. 1867, p. 3, pi. i.; Grandid. Bev. et Mag. 
de Zool. 1867, p. 353; Schleg. et Pollen, Faune de Madag. ii. p. 65 
(1868); Gray, Hand~l i. p. 67 ,* Hartl Vog. Madagasc. p. 61 
(1877); Milne-Edw. et Grandid. Madagasc, Ois. p. 196, pis. kxL 
& lxxvi. (1879). 

Collocalia coquerelii (Pott, MS.), Schleg.fyPollen, op. eit. 

Adult. Dark brown above, a brownish-white band with dark 
shaft-stripes across the rump; underparts from the chin to the 
under tail-coverts greyish brown, with darker shaft-stripes. Total 
length about 4*5 inches, wing 4*7, tail 1*8. 


Bab. Madagascar, 

tf} &. 6 $ ad. sk. Madagascar. Purchased. 

26. Chaetura sylvatica. 
Acanthylis sylvatica, Tick Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xv. p. 284 (1846^; 
Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 170 (1862); Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 339; Jerd. 
Ibis, 1871, p. 354; Ball, Stray Feath. ii. p. 384 (1874); Wald. 
Ibis, 1876, p. 356. 

Chfetura sylvatica, Scl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 614; id. J.f. 0. 1867, 

p. 136; Ball, Stray Feath. vii. p. 202 (Godaveri) (1878) j Davison, 
ibid. x. p. 346 (Mysore) (1882). 
"Rhaphidura sylvatica, Gates, B.Burm. ii. p. 7, note (1883). 


Adult. Top of the head, back of the neck, back, wings, and tail 
black with some steel-blue gloss; chin, throat, and breast greyish, 
becoming darker and more brownish grey on the breast, and 
gradually shading into the colour of the lower abdomen, which is 


490 
CYPSELID-E. 

white like the under tail-coverts and a broad band across the 
rump ; these parts have very small dark shaft-lines and dark basal 
portions to the feathers; under wing-coverts dark slaty grey. 
Total length about 4 inches, wing 4*5, tail 1*5. 

Hob. British India, especially the Central Provinces. 

a. 2 ad.; b, c. Ad. sk. Seoni, C. P. 
Hume Coll. 
d. $ ad.; e. tf ad. • Jaskpur, May. Hume Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. 
g-l. $ 
ad.; m-o. $ Kaipur, 0. P., December. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. 

p. 
tf ad. sk. Wynaad, May 1 (W. Davibon). Hume Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. Gurwkal, December. Hume Coll. 
r. ? ad. sk. W. of Chota Nagpur, May 10. Tweeddale CoH. 
27. Chsetura leueopygialis *. 
Acanthylis leucopvgialis, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xviii. p. 809 

(1849); id. Ibis] 1866, p. 339. ^ 

Acanthylis coracina, Bp. Consp. i. p. 64 (1850). 

Cypselus coracinus, Schleg. Hand!. Dierlz. i. pp. 221, 479, Vog. pi. 2. 

%• 14 (1857). 
Chaetura coracina, Sol P. Z. S. I860, p. 614; id. If. O. 1867, 

p. 137; Gray, Eand-L i. p. 67, no. 777 (1869); Sahad. Ucc. 
Borneo, p. 124 (1874); Hume, Stray Featli. iii. p. 318 (lfc75), 
viii. p. 47 (Malay Penin.) (1879) ; Hume § Davison, Stray Featli. 
ii. p. 45 (Tenasserim) (1878); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 335 
(Labuan); id. Ibis, 1890, p. 24; Biittih. Not. Leyd. 3Ius. ix. p. 39 
(Sumatra) (1887). 
Bhaphidura leueopygialis, Oates, B. Burm. ii. p. 6 (1883). 
Chsetura leucopygialis, Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 372 (Singapore). 


Adult Entirely blue-black, except the rump and upper tailceverts, 
which are light ashy grey with black shaft-lines: u iris 
dark brown; bill black; legs and feet dark purple" (Davison)* 
Total length about 4*7 inches, wing 4*8, tail 1*7. 

Hab. Southern Tenasserim, throughout the Malay Peninsula, 
Sumatra, Borneo, and Marintanan. 

a, b. <$ ad.; c. $ Ckoungthanoung, Tenasserim, Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. May ( W. Davison). 

d. (S ad. sk. Pakchan, January (W.Davison). Hume Coll. 
ej. <$ ad.; g. Ad. Klang; April, May ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
sk. 
A, i. Ad. sk. Malacca. Pinwill CoH. 

k. <$ ad.; I, m. $ Malacca, August ( Wardlaio Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. Bamsay). 
n. $ ad. sk. Malacca. 
Skarpe Coll. 
* I do not think it necessary to reject Blyth's name on account of tlae 
nomen nudum JPallene leucopygia (sic) of Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 168, on which I 
remarked under C. sabinei. 
6. CHJETUEA. 491 
o. $ ad. sk. Neealys, Malacca, Oct. 14 (W.
Davison). 
Plume Coll. 
p. tf ad. sk.
q, ?\ 5 ad.;
ad. sk. 
s. <$ 
Kuroo, Malacca (W. Davison). 
Johore, March (W. Davison). 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
t-to. <£ ad. sk.
x-V. $ ad. sk.
c'. Ad. sk. 
Joke-re, August (W. Davison). 
Johore, August ( W. Damson). 
Sarawak, Borneo. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
d'. Ad. sk. Lawas, Borneo. H. Yeitch Coll 
e'. Ad. sk. Marintanan, February. Everett Coll. 

I have not "been able to examine the following species:— 

28. Chaetuxa-cochincMneusis. 
Chastura cochinchinensis, Oust Bull. 8oc. Thilom. 1878, p. 52. 
The author states that Q. cocMnchinensis is allied to 0. caudacuta 
and C. gigantea, hut considerably smaller, with dark forehead and 
greyish-white throat. Total length 7*1 inches, wing 7*1, tail 0*4. 

Hah. Saigon (Coehinchina). 

This form seems to be closely allied to Qhcetura Haedi, but 
from their habitats it is not likely they can be the same. The 
author has compared his specimens with (7. caudacuta and C. gigan-
tea, but the habitats assigned to these forms show that he has 
included in his 0. caudacuta the allied 0. nudipes, and in his 

0. gigantea the allied C. indica. It therefore becomes difficult to 
make out the nearest ally of his species. 
29. Chaetura klaesii *. 
Hirundinapus klaesii, BuUikofer, Wot. Leyd. Mus. ix. p. 40 (1887). 
a y er j similar to H. nudipes, Hodgs., but considerably smaller. 
Chin and throat, base of the feathers on occiput and hind neck, and 
inner web of the innermost secondaries greyish smoky instead of 
white. Entire crown, down to the base of the bill, lores, sides of 
head and neck, occiput, hind neck, lesser wing-coverts, outer web 
of innermost secondaries, a stripe running from the base of the 
tibia to the rump, rump and upper tail-coverts glossy bluish green; 
scapularies and back smoky brown, becoming pale straw-eolour 
towards the centre of the back. Upper surface of wing and tail 

* Whilst this sheet was passing through the press, I bad an opportunity of 
examining the type in the Leiden Museum. It is similar to Ch. indica, of 
which it may be a smaller form. 
492 CYPSELIDJE. 

blackish, brown, with a somewhat purplish gloss ; inner edge of 

quills, lower surface of wing and tail, chest, breast, abdomen, flanks, 

and thighs smoky brown, a stripe from the base of thighs to the 

root of the tail and also the under xail-coverts pure white." Total 

length 6-5 inches, wing &8, tail 2. (Biiitikofer.) 

Hob. West Sumatra (Lubu Gedang, Highlands of Padang). 

30. Chastura anchietse. 
Clisetura ancliieta*, Sousa, Jorn. Bci. Lisb. 1887, pp. 93,105. 
Distinguished from Gliceiura cassini by the great difference in 
size, by the colour being uniform from the base of the bill to the 
breast, without any black shaft-stripes, and by the end of the tail 
being edged with white. Total length 3*55 inches, wing 5*1, 
taH 1-1. 

Hal. Benguela. 

This species and 0. boelimi are remarkably smaller than C. cassini, 
and the measurements of both are almost the same. They mu^t be 
very different from G. cassini, but very closely allied to each other, 
if not identical. 

31. Chsetura stictilsema. 
Cypselus stictilaemus, JReiclien. Orn. Cmtralbl. 1879; p. 114 (Ualinii); 

id. J.f.O. 1879, pp. 293, 315, 344. 

Chsetura stictilasma, Reiehen. J.f. 0. 1885, p. 127 (Calinii,E. Afr.), 

Chaetura gierree, Oust. Natural, xii. p. 274 (Mombassa, E. Afr.) 

(1890). 

The descriptions of both Eeichenow and Onstalet agree with that 
of C. ussheri from "West Africa ; but both authors kindly wrote me 
that the white mark on the lower abdomen is separated from the 
white band across the rump by the dark-coloured sides of the body, 
whereas in the true 0. usslieri they are connected and form a white 
ring round the body. 

Hal. E. Africa. 

7. CYPSELOIDES. 
Type. 
Cypseloides, Streubel, Ist's, 1848, p. 360 C. fuinigatus. 
NephoeEetes *, Baird, B, N. Amer. p. 142 (1858) .. C. niger. 

This genus is closely allied to Chatura, but may be recognized 
by the characters given above. The plumage is softer than in true 
Cfimtura; the shafts of the rectrices are not so stiff. C, rutihis 

* Oorr. Nephactfes, Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 230 etc. 
7 . CYPSELOIDES. 
493 

and 0. brunneitorques are better placed with Cypseloides, although 
the spines are a little visible. 
Range. The greater part of America and the West Indies. 

Key to the Species. 

a. The male with a rufous collar. 
a\ Chin blackish brown brunneitorques, p. 493. 
b'. Chin rufous rutilus, p. 493. 
b. The male uniform like the female. , . AnA 
c'. Tail deeply emarginate. fger\^' 49j^ 
I boreahs 495'

d'. Tail subequal. 
> P


a''. Much larger; wing about 6*9 inches, senex, p. 496. 

b". Much smaller; wing about 5'8 

inches 
fumigatus, p. 496. 

1. Cypseloides ratilus. 
Ilirundo rutila, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xiv. p. 528 (1817); ZSot. Ois. 

Trinidad, p. 87 (1866) j Scl Ibis, 1867, p. 107. 
Hirundo robxni. Less. Traits d'Orn. p. 270 (1831). 
Ohffitura rutila, Scl P. Z. S. 1863, p. 100 (part.) ; id. P. Z. S. 1865, 

p. 613 (part.) ; Salv. 8? Godm. Ibis, 1882, p. 82 (Merume* Mountains) 
j Salv. Ibis} 1885, p. 437 (Guiana). 
Adult male. Tail slightly but perceptibly emarginate. Forehead 
and crown, back, rump, wings, tail, abdomen, under and upper tail-
coverts, under and upper wing-coverts black; crown and back 
rather glossy; wings and tail more brownish; chin, throat and 
upper breast, and a broad collar round the neck bright rufous. 
Total length about 5-4 inches, wing 5*4, tail 2*4, tarsus 0*5. 

Female. Unknown to me. Probably without red collar as in the 
iemale of O. brunneitorques. 

Eab. Guiana, Trinidad, and perhaps Venezuela (?). 

a. 
cS ad. sk. Merum€ Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July 27 (H. Whttely), 
2. Cypseloides briunieitorc[ues. 
Chsetura brunneitorques, Lafr. Rev. Zool 1844, p. 81; Pp. Consp. 
i. p. 64 (1850) ; Ridgw. Man. N. Amer. R p. 303 (1877) (Mexico); 
Salv. 8r Godm. Ibis, 1882, p. 83. 
Acanthylis rutila, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 135. 
Ckaetura rutila, Scl. $ Salv. Ibis, I860, p. 37, pi. 3 j iid. P. Z. S. 

1869, p. 363 j Scl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 100 (part.); id. P. Z. S. 1865, 

p. 613 (part.); id. J.f.O. 1867, p. 135 (part.) ; Sumichr. Natura&
sa,v.p.250(1882). 
Adult male. Tail-feathers subequal. Yery similar to the true 

C. ratilus, but easily distinguished by the dark sooty-blackish chin 
and upper throat. Besides this, the blackish crown is extended 
a little further down, the rufous collar is darker, rather more fer
494 CYPSELIDJ3. 

ruginous, witli blackish shaft-stripes on most of the feathers of the 
fore neck, and the blackish colour of the upper and under parts is 
not so black, but rather dark sooty brown. 

Female. Without the rufous collar. 

Young. Coloured like the female; in male birds the rufous 
colour seems to be gained without a moult, as traces of it soon 
become visible. 

Hah. Mexico and Central America, south to Ecuador and Peru. 

a. $ ad. sk. Mexico. Sclater Coll. 
b. $ ad.; c. <$ Duenas, July 25 (0. Salvin). Sclater Coll. 
imm. sk. 
d. 2 ad. sk. Duenas. Oct. Tweeddale Coll. 
e,f <$ ad.• g-h. Duenas (0. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Cell. 
Imm. sk. 
I, m. <$ ad. sk. Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

n. <$ ad.; o. $ U.S. Colombia. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
p. <$ ad. sk. Retiro, Col. (Salmon). Sclater Coll. 
q. S ad. sk. Ecuador (Lawrence). Sclater Coll. 
r. (S ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
3. Cypseloides nig^er. 
Martinet de Samt-Domingue, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 514, pL 46. fig. 3 
(1760). 
Hirundo apus dominicensis, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 514, pi. 46. fig. 3 

(1760). 
Le petit Martinet noir, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 668 (1779). 
Hirundo nigra, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 1025 (1788). 
Cypselus niger, Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 63, pi. 10 (1847) ,* Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 66 (1850); Gundl Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. 1860, p. 268 (Cuba); 
Albrecht, J.f. 0. 1861, p. 207, 1862, p. 194: A. § E. Newton, 
Handb. Jamaica, p. 108 (1881). 
Nephocaetes niger, Gundl. J.f. 0.1874, p. 115. 

Cypseloides niger, Scl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 615; id. J.f. 0.1867, p. 138 ; 
id. Ibis, 1880, p. 74 (Sta. Lucia); Lister, Ibis, 1880, p. 41 (St. 
Vincent); Cory, Auk, iii. p. 345 (1886); id. B. W. Ind. p. 140 
(1889). 

Nephoecetes niger, Cory, B. Haiti § St. Domingo, p. 88 (1885). 

Adult. Tail emarginate. Entire plumage blackish brown with 
slight metallic reflexions ; throat a little paler ; forehead generally 
a little whitish, caused by light grey edges to the feathers ; spot in 
front of the eye black: " bill and feet black " (Gosse). Total length 
about 6 inches, wing 6, tail 2-6, central rectrices nearly half an inch 
shorter, tarsus 0*45. 

Young. Feathers of the lower parts terminally edged with white 

Hal. "West Indies (San Domingo, Jamaica, Cuba, Porto Rico, 
Guadeloupe, Martinique, Dominica), and (straggler?) Merume 
Mountains in Guiana. 

7 . CYPSELOIDES. 495 
a. Ad. sk. San Cristobal, Cuba (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gaumer). 
b. £ ad. sk. Jamaica, Sept. 22 {E. NetoSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
ton). 
c, d. Ad. sk.
e. $ Tmm -; /• 
Jamaica (Gosse). 
k<3 Vega, San Domingo, 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
S ad. sk.
g, h. S ad. sk.
i. I mm. sk.
k. AL sk. 
July 27 {C. B. Cory), 
Guadeloupe, W. I. 
Martinique, W. I. 
St. Vincent, May {Dr. W. 
C. B. Cory Coll. 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Smith). 
2. <S ad. sk. Mernme* Mts., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
June 13 (JET. Whitely). 

Subsp. a. Cypseloides borealis. 

Cypselus borealis, Kenn. Troc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. 1857, p. 202. 
Nephocsetes niger, Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 142 (1858). 
Nephoecetes borealis, Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 236 (Vancouver Is.). 
Cypseloides borealis, Scl P. Z. S. 1865, p. 615 j id. J. f. 0.1867, 


p. 138. 
Cypseloides niger, Laior. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. pp. 459,487 (1878) ; 
Bidgw. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 302 (1887) ; Gormley, Auk, v. p. 424 
(1888). 

Nephoeastes niger, \ar. 
borealis, Coues, Key N. Amer. B. p. 183 
(1872). 
Nephoecetes niger, Baird, Bretv., fy Midgw. N. A. B. ii. p. 429 
(1874). 
Cypseloides niger borealis, Brew, Auk, ii. p. 17 (1885); Hensh. Auk, 

iii. p. 78 (1886) (migrat.). 
Adult. Similar to 0. niger, from which it differs only by its 
larger size, the wing measuring from 6-4 to 6-8 incbes and even 
longer. 

Young. Feathers of the lower (and upper ?) parts with white 
edges terminally. 

Though Kennedy had apparently no idea of the smaller insular 
form, his name must stand for the northern form, Gmelin's name 
being founded on Brisson's " Hirundo apus dominicensis" 

Sab. "Western parts of North America from British Columbia and 
Nevada south to Costa Bica. 

a. Ad. sk. N.W. America (Bah-d). Sclater Coll. 
b, c. Imm. sk. British Columbia. J. K. Lord Coll. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Pitt River, N. California. Tweeddale Coll. 
f,g. 
<$ $ imm. San Bernardino Mts., June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (i2. B. Kerron), 

h. 
£ vix ad. sk. San Miguel Molino, Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Ferrari-Perez). 
i-l, 
g <j> imm. Sierra Madre de Tepic, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. June (W. B. Richardson). 

CYPSELID^J. 

496 

4. Oypseloides fumigafras. 
Ilemiprocne fumigata, Streuhel, 1^,1848, p 866 (ex Watt. MS.). 
Oypseloides fnmi|atus, Scl. P Z. A 1865, p 615,- td J.f.O. 1867, 

p. 138 ; Scl. # Sato. P. Z. S. 1869, p. 598; tid Nomencl. Av. 
Neotrop. p. 95 (1873); Tac*. Om Peroui. p 582 (1884). 
Nephocsetes fumigatus, Peh. Orn. Zras.f 1& (i860Chaturafumlgatus, 
Gray, Sarid-l i. p. 68 (18by). 

In general aspect similar to 0. ww/«r, but distinguished by its 
shorter and subequal tail-feathers with their somewhat stiffer shafts. 
Entire plumage dark sooty brown. Total length about 5 | inches, 
wing 5-7 to 5-9, tail 1-9. 
Hab. Brazil, Peru, Ecuador. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. S ad. sk. 
[Brazil?] (Gould). 
Brazil (Natterer). 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
c. d. Ad. sk. Brazil. N Purchased. 
e. d ad. sk.
f. Ad. sk. 
W. Peru, Nov. (H. W 
Ecuador (Gould).
Miely). Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

5. Oypseloides senex. 
Cypselus senex, Temm. PI. Col 397 (1826); Streuhel, Isis, 1848, 
p. 366. 
Hemiprocne temminckii seu temminckiana, Streuhel, Isis, 1848, 
p. 368. 
Acanthi lis senex, Pp. Consp. i. p. 65 (1850) ; Burm. Syst. Uehers. 
Th. Bras. ii. p. 365 (1856). 
Cypseloides senex, Scl. P. Z. S. 1865, p.'614; id. J. f. 0. 1867, 

p. 137 ; Scl. 8r Salv. Nomend. Av. Neotrop. p. 95 (1873). 
Cksetura senex, Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 16 (1867). 
Eeadily distinguished by its very large size. Sooty "brown, head 
and neck a little paler, with whitish edges and darker shaft-lines ; 
spot before the eyes blackish. Tail-feathers subequal, not at all 
emarginate, but on the contrary rather rounded. Total length about 
8 inches, wing 6*9, tail 2-o, tarsus 0*8. 
Hah. Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. Brazil (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Brazil (Dr. Such). Jardine Coll. 
8. COLLOCALIA. _ 
Type. 
Collocalia, Gray, Gen. B. p. 8 (1840) C. esculenta. 
Salangana, Streuhel, Isis, 1848, p. 368 ... . " Hemiprocne salangana." 
The members of the genus Collocalia are remarkable for their 

interesting nests, which are composed of moss or similar materials 
agglutinated with saliva; those wholly composed of the latter 
are the " edible nests/' These Swifts lay pure white eggs; I 
believe the number is two as a rule. In large dark caves, where 
hundreds or thousands are known to breed, they may often mistake 

8 . COLLOCALIA. 
497 

a neighbour's nest for their own, so that frequently more than two 
eggs are found and sometimes one only. Possibly somo species may 
lay more than two, but I greatly doubt it. 

Range. The Indian and Malayan countries, throughout Papuasia 
and the Pacific Islands to Northern Australia and the Fiji Islands. 
As far East as Mauritius and the Seychelles, and perhaps Madagascar. 

So many species of Gollocalia have been distinguished and named 
by various ornithologists and subsequently reunited by others, that 
it would be most difficult, and in some cases almost impossible, to 
determine the species from the literature; but the materials in the 
British Museum, supplemented by the specimens lent to me by 
several friends, though still quite imperfect from certain localities, 
have enabled me, I believe, to throw a little light upon this group. 
Ornithologists are no doubt aware of the fact that OollocaUce are 
resident birds, often confined to a small tract of country, where they 
find suitable caves for breeding, and may therefore readily form 
local races ; on the other hand, their power of flight is so great that 
the occurrence of any species far from their regular abode is by no 
means astonishing. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Without white on the abdomen. 
a,'. Without whitish or greyish band 
across the rump. 
a". Larger j tail-feathers nearly equal, lotvi, p. 498 
b". Smaller; tail distinctly emarginate. [pp. 498-501. 

a"'. Lighter below fucipTiaga and allies, 
h"'. Darker below, especially on the 
throat; wings rather long ... . Zeucoph&a, p. 502. 
b'. With a greyish or whitish band 

across the rump, 
c". Larger ; wing more than 5 inches, innominata, p. 503. 
d". Smaller j wing less than 5 inches. francica and allies, 

b. 
With more or less white on the [pp. 503-506. 
abdomen. 
c'. With a white band across the rump. 
e". With blackish shaft-stripes to the 

white feathers of the rump j no 

white spots on the rectrices. 

c"'. Much larger; wing more than 
4 inches leucojpygia, p. 508. 
d"r. Much smaller; wing less than 
4 inches troglodytes, p. 507. 
/" . Band across the rump pure white 

without dark shaft-stripes; white 

spots (sometimes obsolete) on most 

of the rectrices 
uropygialis, p. 507. 

</. Without white band across the rump. 
g". Rectrices without white spots. 
e'". Upper tail-coverts, except the 

longest, * distinctlywith white 
margined 
marginata, p. 508. 
VOL. XVI. 2 K 

498 
CYPSELEkaS. 

/"', Upper tail-coverts concolorous with 
the rest of upper parts linchi, p. 508. 
h". Rectrices with white spots. 
g"\ Uppersurface black, with strong steel-
blue and greenish gloss eseulenta, p. 509. 
h"f. Upper surface plumbeous grey, with 
greenish gloss. 
a4. White spots on the rectrices sharply-
defined. neglecta, p. 510. 
bA. White spots on the rectrices not 
sharply defined mtalis, p. oil. 

1. Collocalia lowi. 
Oypselus lowi, Sharps, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 333 (X Borneo). 
Cypselus labuanensis, Ibis, 1879, p. 116 (note). 

Adult Upper surface sooty black with a little greenish gloss, 
somewhat purplish on the tail; lower surface brownish grey, with 
somewhat darker shaft-stripes ; feathers in front of the eye white, 
broadly tipped with black; under wing-coverts blackish. Total 
length about 5 inches, bill at base 0*2, wing 5*3; tail 2, nearly 
quite even ; tarsus 0*4, thinly but obviously feathered if not abraded 
by the string of the label. 

The plumage of the young bird does not differ from that of the 
adult. 
This species is easily distinguished by its large size. The specimens 
from Palawan seem to be a little smaller on the average. 

" Hob* Palawan and Northern Borneo, where Everett found it 
breeding in caves in October, making a nest of moss fastened to the 
wall with its saliva. The island of Mas off the west coast of 
Sumatra, and parts of Sumatra. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Labuan, Borneo. Ussher Coil. (Types 
c. Ad. sk. Sarawak.
of the species.) 
G. Hose Coll. 
d, e. S ad. sk. Paku, Oct., Nov. H. Everett Coll. 
/ . Imm. sk.
g. Ad. sk. ^
k S ad.; i <j>
ad. sk.
h. Imm. sk 
JBaram. 
"Caves of Borneo." 
Puerto Princesa, Palaw 
Aug., Sept. 
Sumatra (C. Bock). 
H. Everett Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
an, E. L. IToseley Coll. 
Tweeddale Coil. 

2. Collocalia fuciphaga *. 
Hirnndo fuciphaga, 
Thrnb. Act Holm, xxxiii. p. 15L pi. 4 (Java) 
(1772); Steph. Gen. Zool x. p. Il l (1817). 

* I cannot adopt G-. E. Gray's reasons for rejecting Thunberg's name and 
calling this species C. nidifiea; and I agree with Saivadori and others 

that the oldest and well-known name, i. e. fucipJiaga, of Thunberg, should 

stand. 

8. COLLOCALIA. 
499 

Esculent Swallow, Lath. Gen. Syn, Suppl. ii. p. 257, pi. 135 ( " Sumatra") 
(1802). 
Hinmdo esculenta (nee L.), Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 142; 
? Raffl. ibid. p. 315 (1822). 
Cypselus fuciphagus, S. Mull. Verh. Land- en Volhenh. p. 456 (1839


1844). 
Hirutido unicolor, Jerd. Madr. Journ. 1840, p. 238 (Nilgherries). 
Cypselus concolor, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xi. p. 886 (184*2). 
Cypselus unicolor. Jerd. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xiii. pt.i.p. 173, pt. ii. 

p. 144 (1844). 
Collocalia unicolor, 
Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xiv. pp. 209, 212 
(1845) ; Hume, Stray Feath. iv. p. 374 (1876) ; Scully, ibid. viii. 

p. 235 (1879); Butler, Stray Feath. ix. p. 380 (Mahratta) (1880); 
Davison, Stray Feath. x. p. 348 (Mysore) (1882) ; Oates, ed. Hume's 
Nests f Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 28 (1890). 
Collocalia 
nidifica, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 55 (1845); Blyth, Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 86 (1849); Bp. Consp. i. p. 343 (1850); Horsf. 
8f Moore, Cat. B. Mus. B. I. Comp. i. p. 98 (1854) ; G. R. Gray, 

P. Z. S. 1858, pp. 170, 189 (var.; Louisiade) ; id. Cat. B. New 
Guinea,_ pp. 17, 54; Bernst. J.f.O. 1859, p. 118 (nidific.) ; Jerd. 
B. India, p. 182 (1862); Rosenb. Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl. Ind. xxv. 
p. 234 (18u3j; Scl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 212'(S. Borneo); id. J.f.O. 
1864, p. 120 (Waigiou) ; Finsch, New-Guinea,^. 162 (1865) ; Pelz. 
Reis. Novara, Vo'g. p. 39, (Java) (1865); Gray, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. 
Hist. 1866, xvii. p. 118 ; id. Hand-l i. p. 65, no. 746 (1869) ; Ler/ge, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 13 (Ceylon); Rey, Jf. 0. 1875, p. 286 (India); 
Brooks, Stray Feath. iii. p. 232 (1S75J ; Green, Journ. Physiology, 
1885, p. 40; Varigny, Nature, 1885, p. 186; Buttihof P. Z.S. 
1885, p. 610; Pryer, Zoologist, 1885, p. 296; Murray, t. c.p. 147. 
Hemiprocne salangana, Stretibel, Isis, 1848, p. 368 (India) *. 

Collocalia fuciphaga, 
Bp. Compt. Rend. xli. p. 977 (1855); id. Rev. 
et Mag. Zool 1855, p. 581; Wallace, P. Z. S. 1863, pp. 384, 484 
(Timor); Scl P. Z. S. 1865, p. 616; id. J.f. 0. 1867, p. 139; 
Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 420 (Ceylon); Wald. Trans. Zool. Soc. 

viii. p. 46 (Celebes) (1872); Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 120 (1874); id. 
Ann. Mus. Civ. 1879, p. 647 (Kei); id. Orn. Papuas. i. p. 544 
(1880); id. Agg. Orn. Pap. i. p. 63 (1889); Tristr. Ibis, 1880, 
p. 246 (Salomon Is., corr.); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xvi. 
p. 430 (1880); A.B. Meyer, Abbild. Vogelsh. pi. 46. fig. 2 (1883) ; 
id. Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 278; W. Bias. J.f.O. 1884, p. 217 
(S.E. Borneo); Kutter, J.f O. 1885, p. 346 (eggs); Finsch $ 
Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1886, p. 14 (.New Guinea); Hartert, 
J.f O. 1889, p. 359 (N.E. Sumatra); Tristr. Ibis, 1889, p. 556; 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 23. 
Hinmdo vanikorensis, Quoy et Gaim. Voy. Astrolabe, Zool. i. p. 206, 
pi. xii. fig. 3 (1830). 
Cotyle vanicorensis, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 170. 
Collocalia yanicorensis, Hartl. fy Finsch, P. Z. S. 1868, pp. 4, 116 

(Pelew Is.) ; Finsch fy Hartl Orn. Centralpol. p. 47, part. (1867); 

* I do not think that the above quoted name of Streubel can belong to any 
other species ; but Hemiprocne fucioora, Streub., is described as totally different, 
though the author states that his name is only created to set aside the vox 
hybrida C. fuciphaga. The description of O. fucivora (Streub.) seems to suit 
C. Unchi rather than Q. fuciphaga. The other names of Streubel, viz. H. gela,' 
tinosa, borbonica, philippina.malaisia, uale7isisi without any descriptions, cannot 
be identified and have no value whatever. (Of. Streubel, I. c.) 
2x2 

500 CYPSELID.2E. 

Finsch, Journ, Mus. Godeffr. viii. p. 15 (Palau Is.) (1875) ; id. ibid. 

xii. p. 23 (Ponap^) (1876); Zayard, P. Z. B. 1876, p. 50; id. Ibis, 
1876, p. 391; Finch, P. Z. & 1877, p. 778 (Friendly Is.); id. 
J.f. 0. 1880, p. 285 (Ponap£) ; id. P. Z. B. 1880, p. 575; id. 
J.f. 0.1880, p. 298 (Xuschai); id. Ibis, 1881, pp. 105, 108, 115, 
536. 
Cjpselus inquietus, Kittl Denhiu. Meise, n. p. 26 (1858); Finsch, 
Ibis, 1881, p. 105 (=vanicor.). 
Collocalia francica, Tweedd. P. Z. B. 1878, p. 283 (Negros); Bteere, 
List B. fy Mamm. Philippines, p. 12 (1890). 
Collocalia, sp. inc., Scl P. Z. B. 1879, p. 447 (Duke of York I.). 
Collocalia linchi, Tristr. Ibis, 1879, p. 488 (Salomon Is.). 
Collocalia cinerea, Layard, Ibis, 1880, pp. 223 (Loyalty Is.), 298 

(New Hebrides); id. Ibis, 1882, p. 503 (New Caledonia). 

Adult, Upper surface dark sooty brown with very little gloss; . 
head, wings, and tail darker and more glossy; feathers in front of 
the eye whitish with dark-brown tips; lower surface brownish grey 
with darker shaft-stripes; under wing-coverts blackish brown. 
Total length about 4*5 inches, bill at base 0*15, wing 4*4 to 4*7, 
tail 2-2. 

The young bird is like the adult in plumage. 

Hal. The islands of the -Malay Archipelago and Papuasia, north to 
the Philippines, Western Himalayas to the Nilgherries, Ceylon, and 
the Seychelles in the "West; islands of Santa Cruz and Duke of York 
in the East. Some parts of Sumatra seem also to be its home, but 

G. loivi appears to live on the same island. A careful comparison 
of a series of specimens from Sumatra is required. 
This bird has a very wide range and forms several local races. 
There is no difference between the birds from the Malay Archipelago 
and the so-called O. unicolor from the Mlgherries. The 
birds from the Eastern Himalayas and Manipur differ so much from 
those of the Nilgherries, that they are considered by several ornithologists 
to constitute a distinct species; but after having compared 
large series from all localities, it is evident that intermediate forms 
occur, and therefore it is not possible to allow it more than subspecific 
rank. The birds from Negros in the Philippines are very 
black and glossy above and the wings average a little shorter, so 
that they seem to constitute a good race, but the bird from the 
Astrolabe range in New Guinea is exactly similar. The specimens 
from Celebes have generally rather short wings, but this character 
is not quite constant and does not seem sufficiently obvious to justify 
the formation of even a distinct race, 

I have examined two specimens from the Seychelles—one in the 
Cambridge Museum, kindly lent me by Prof. Newton, and the other 
by Canon Tristram. They have no trace of a pale band across the 
rump, and therefore do not belong to G. francica, but they are perfectly 
similar to G, fucijphaga from the Nilgherries. 

Specimens from Tahiti are so different, that it may be better to 
regard them as a distinct species, all the more so as their abode is 
so far from the countries inhabited by the true G. fmijfhaga. 

8. COLLOCALIA. 
501 
The typical form of C.fuciphaga is not rare in Borneo; "but in the 
northern parts of that island a much larger species is found, to 
which those from Palawan and Nias also belong. They sometimes 
inhabit the same localities as 0. fuciphaga, and certainly form a 
distinct species: but it must be admitted that they vary to some 
extent inter se, and are sometimes approached though not reached 
by specimens of 0. fuciphaga. 

a-d. Ad. sk. Java (Horsfield). India Museum. 
<?, /. Ad. sk. Java (JET. .5/ytfA). Jardine Coll. 
g, h. Imm. sk. Sarawak. C. Hose Coll. 
i, 7c. Ad. sk. Borneo. 
I Pull. sk. Borneo. Cuming Coll. 
77i. Ad. sk. Lawas River, Borneo. Veitch Coll. 
n-q. (S ad.; 2 Valencia, Negros, August (JET. Tweeddale Coll. 


ad. sk. A. JEverett). 

r. $ ad. sk. Dainaguete, Negros, Feb. Moseley Coll. 
s, t. <£ $ ad. sk. Macassar. Wallace Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Celebes. 
Wallace Coll. 
v. $ ad. sk. Timor Coupang. Wallace Coll. 
u\ Ad. sk. Morty Is. Wallace Coll. 
x. Ad. sk. Duke of York Is. Rev. Gk Brown [C.]. 
y. 
$ ad. sk. Chaumont Is., Louisiade Ar-Voy. H.M.S.* Rattlechipel., 
July 5. snake.' 
z. 
Ad. sk. Astrolabe Range, S.E. New A. Goldie [C.]. 
Guinea. 
d-d!. S ; ^'. $ Kotegurh, N.W. Himalayas. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. 
f'-p'*6 5ad.sk. Vingorla, S. Konkan, April (G. Hume Coll. 
Vidal). 
#', r'. Ad. sk. Bramahgkerries, June (Barling). Hume Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Coonoor, Aug. ( W. Ramsay). Tweeddale Coll. 
£'. c? ad. sk. Coonoor, April (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
u'-z'. Ad. sk. Tiger's Cave, Ootacamund. Dec. Hume Coll. 


(A. 0. H). 
a", 5". ? ad. sk. Ootacamund, April (W. Da-Hume Coll. 
c", <Z". 6 ad.sk. Eridge, S. Travancore, March Hume Coll. 
18 (J. W. Bourdillon). 

** Subsp. a. Collocalia brevirostris. 
Hiiundo brevirostris, McClelland', P. Z. S. 1839, p. 155. 

Collocalia brevirostris, Hume, Stray Feath. iii. p. 232 (1875); id. op. 
cit. ix. p. 290 (Assam) (1880); id. op. cit. xi. p. 32; Manipur 
(1888). 

Adult. Similar to the true O. fuciphaga, but the wings are very 
long and the tarsi thinly feathered, when the bird is fresh and not 
damaged in skinning or by the strings of labels, whereas the tarsi 
seem to be quite unfeathered in the birds from the Mgherries. 
Wing 5 inches to 5*1. 

Hal. Replaces the typical G. fuciphaga (the 0. unicohr of most 
Indian ornithologists) in the Himalayas and Manipur, but in the 

502 CYPSELID2E. 

Western Himalayas the smaller form is also found, and some specimens 
are intermediate between the two. 

a. Ad. sk. N. India. 
b, c, d. Ad. sk. Kangra, N.W. Himalayas. Pin will Coll, 
e. d ad. sk. Dkanolti, May 30 (W. E. Hume Coll. 
JBrooks). 

f. $ ad. sk. Naini Tal, May 26. Hume Coll. 
g-??i. Ad. sk. Nepal {Hodgson). India Museum. 
». Ad. sk. Nepal, Aug. 20 (J. Scully). Hume Coll. 
o. Ad. sk. Darjiling, Aug. 6 {Blanford), Tweeddale Coll. 
p-w. Ad. sk. Sikkim, April to Oct. Hume Coll. 
x-a'. Ad. sk. Nat. Sikkim, May to Oct. Hume Coll. 
b', c'. Ad. sk. Bootan (Pemberton). India Museum. 
d'. Ad. sk. Assam. McClelland Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
e'. <$ ; /'. $ ad. Manipur, Feb. (A. 0. H). Hume CoU. 
sk. 


3. Collocalia leucophsea *. 
Macropteryx leucophaea, Peak, Un. St. Explor. Exp. p. 178 (1848) ; 
Hartl. Wiegm. Arch.f. Naturgesch. 18-52, p. 113. 
Collocalia cinereaf, Cass, Un. St. Expl. Eip. p. 183, pi. xii. fig. 4 
(1858); Pelz. Pels. Novara, Tog. p. 38 (Tahiti) (I860); Finsch, 

P. Z. S. 1877, p. 408 (Marquesas). 
Collocalia vanicorensis, Finsch fy Hartl. Orn. Centralpol. p. 47 
(part.). 
? Collocalia leucophsea, Gray, Ann. % Mag. Nat. Hist 18C6, xvii. 

p. 124. 
Collocalia fuciphaga, Finsch, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 740; id. in Sol. Pep,
1 Challenger^ p. 55 (1880) (Tahiti;. 
Adult Similar to C. fuciphaga, but much darker underneath, 
the chin and throat especially are dark smoky brown ; feathers in 
front of the eye very dark brown, the bases being light brown instead 
of pure white; upper surface very dark smoky brown, only the wings 
and tail wdth slight metallic gloss. Wing 5 inches, tarsus 0*4. 
Hah. Tahiti and Marquesas. 
Easily distinguished from the true G. fuciphaga by its long wing, 
which is as long as in the subspecies C. brevirostris from the Eastern 
Himalayas, but the latter has the face and sides of neck and the 
whole under surface much lighter. 

a, b. tf ,• c. $ ad. sk. Tahiti. • Challenger' Exped. 

* Though the name leucophesa of Peale is most ill chosen, it cannot be denied 
that lie referred to the present species. 
t The name " Collocalia cinerea" cannot be accepted, because it is the 
Einmdo cinerea, Gfm. S. 1ST. ii. p. 1026 (1788), which is, according to Sharpe (Cat, 

B. x.), a Swallow, a conclusion which is perfectly correct, Neither the Hirimdo 
peruviana of Brisson (Orn. ii. p. 498, 1760) nor the " Petite Mrondelle noire a 
ventre cendre" (Buff. Hist. Ois. vi. p. 673) can with any certainty be referred 
to the Collocalia from Tahiti. Hartlaub's Herse forsteri (J. £. O. 1854, p. 169, 
without description) is referred by this author himself as a synonym to Coll. 
spodiopma. Gray (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1866, xui. p. 123) quoted it as 
8. COLLOCALIA. 
503 
4. Collocalia iaaominata. 
Collocalia innominata, Hume, Stray Feath. i, p. 294 (1873); id. op. 
cit. ii. pp. 160, 493 (1874); id. op. cit. viii. p. 85 (1878) ; Hume $ 
Davison, Stray Feath. vl. p. 49 (1877); Oates, B. Burmah ii. p. 7 
(1883). 

Collocalia maxima, Hume, Stray Feath. iv. p. 223 (1876), 

Adult. Crown, nape, and back dark smoky brown with, a little 
metallic gloss, the cap somewhat darker; feathers in front of the 
eye blackish with white bases ; wings and tail more blackish with 
metallic gloss; rump brownish grey with dark shaft-lines, forming 
a usually quite perceptible but sometimes less defined band across 
th e upper surface; lower surface dusky brownish grey, the feathers 
with dark shaft-lines ; chin and upper throat a little darker; under 
"wing-coverts dark glossy brown; tarsi feathered except on the 
lowest part. Total length about 5-2 inches, bill at base 0*2 broad, 
culmen 0*2, tarsus 0-5, wing 5-2 to 5*4, tail 2-2. 

Hah. Southern parts of Tenasserim from Mergui to Bankasoon. 
One specimen, the type of the species, was obtained in South 
Andaman. 

ct-e. $ ad.;/. $ ad. Bankasoon, June and Dec. Hume Coll. 
sk. (TV. Davison). 

g. 
$ ad. sk. Mergui, June 18 ( W. Davi- Hume Coll. 
son). 
h. J ad. sk. Port Mouat, And., Jan. 6 Hume Coll. 
{ W. Davison). (Type of the species.) 
5. Collocalia francica. 
La petite Hirondelle noire a croupion gris, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. 
p. 696 (1779); ibid. fol. vii. p. 345 (1783)* (lie de France). 
Grey-rumped Swallow, Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. p. 582 (1783). 
Hirundo francica, Gm. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 1017 (1788); Lath. Ind. Orn. 
p. 580 (1710); Steph. Gen. Zool x. p. 115 (1817); Griff. An. 
Kingd. vii. p. 67 (1829). 
Hirundo francisca, Vieill. Nouv. Diet xiv. p. 525 (1817). 
Hirundo frauds, Less. Tr. Orn. p. 270 (1831). 
Collocalia francica, Gray, List Spec. B. Brit. Mus. p. 21 (1848); E. 

Newton, Ibis, 1860, p. 201 ,• Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 82 
(1860); Hartl Orn. Beitr. Faun. Madag. p. 27 (1861); Coquerel, 
Alb. Biunion, p. 21, fig. 1 (1865) j Schley. JP. Z. S. 1866, p. 421; 
Gray, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. 1866, xvii. p. 122; E. Newton, Ibis, 
1861, p. 271 (Mauritius); ibid. 1867, p. 359; Schleg. # Pollen, 
Faun. Madag. ii. p. 67 (1868); Gray, Hand4. i. p. 65 (1869); 
Walden, Ibis, 1874, p. 132 (part.); id. ibid. 1876, p. 356 (part.); 
Hartl. Vbg. Madag. p. 59 (1877) ; Milne-Edw. $ Grandid. Madagascar, 
p. 198, pis. lxxii.-lxxv. (1879); Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. 

, p. 372(1882). 

* The description is quit© significant, but the figure in Daubent. PL Enl. 
544 does not show the whitish rump, and may possibly belong to another 

bird. 

504 CYPSELIDJE. 

Macropteryx spodiopygia, Feale, U. S. Expl. Exp. 1848; p. 170, pi. 49 

(1848); Hartl. Wiegm. Arch. 1855, p. 112. 

Collocalia spodiopygia, Cass. U. S. Expl Exp. 1858, p. 184, pi. xii. 
fig. 3 (1858); Gray, Ann. 8? Mag. Nat. Hist. 1866? xvii. p. 122; id 
Hand-l. i. p. 6o (1869)* Hartl. $ Finsch, Oni. Centr.-Foly?zes. 

p. 48 (1867) j Finsch $ Hartl. F. Z. S. 1871, p. 23; Jlliitmee, 
Ibis, 1875, p. 437 (Samoa); Layard, Ibis, 1876, p. 391 • Kleinschm. 
Journ. Mus. Godeffr. xii. p. 166 (Fiji) (lb76): Cab. $ Reichen. 
J. f. O. 1870, p. 324 (Vavao); Finsch, F. Z. S. 1876, p. 19 
(Ovalau); id. F. Z. S. 1877, p. 723 (Tongatabu); Ramsay, Pr. 
Linn. Soc. N. S. W. in. p. 2(JO (1878) j Salvad. Ibis, 1879, p. 323 
(N. Guinea); id. Atti R. Ac. So. Tor. xv. p. 347 (1880) j id. Orn. 
Fapuasia, i. p. 546 (1880); Scl Toy. Challeng. pp. 84, 44 (1880). 
Cypselus francicus, Schleg. § Fallen, Ois. Mad. ii. p. 07 (1868). 
Oypselus terrae reginss, Ramsay, F. Z. S. 1674, p. 601 (Austral.). 
Collocalia terras reginae, Gould, B. N. Guinea, iv. pi. 38 (1875) *• 

Ramsay, Froc. Linn. Soc. K. S. W. ii. p. 178 (1877); Sharpe, Journ. 

Linn. Soc. N. S. W. iii. p. 265 (1878); Salvad. Ibis, 1870, p. 323. 
Collocalia infuscata **, Salvad. Atti IL Ac. Sc. Tor. xv. p. 348 (1880); 
id. Orn. Fapuasia, i. p. 547 (IfcSO); id. Atti R. Ac. Sc. Tor. xvii. 

p. 450 (1882) j id. Agg. Orn. Fap. i p. 64 (IfeSU). 
. Adidt. Differs from C. innominata chiefly in its much smaller 
size; the band across the rump is dubky white or smoky grey with 
darker shafts; the tarsi seem to he always unfeathered, except in 
some specimens from the Malay Peninsula, which differ much from 
the form from the islands in the Pacific Ocean. Total length over 
4 inches, wing 4*4 to 4*5, tail 2*1. 

Hah. Fiji, Samoa, Friendly, and Solomon Islands, Ternate, Xew 
Guinea and Northern Australia, and Mauritius and Bourbon. 

It is often stated to inhabit Madagascar, but I do not know 
whether specimens have been actually obtained in that island. 
Slightly differentiated forms are found in Tenasserim and the Malay 
Peninsula, and the islands off the "West coast of the Malay Peninsula 
to South Andaman. 

This species has an enormous distribution, and forms several local 
races like its congener G. fucipliaga. The large birds from the 
Mergui Archipelago cannot be mistaken and may safely be regarded 
as a species, C. innominata of Hume. The birds from Fiji, 
Samoa, Friendly Islands, Solomon Islands, and Ternate are very 
dark and the back has very little gloss. The colour of the back in 
specimens from Australia (i. e. C. terra regince of Eamsay) is a little 
paler, but those from Mauritius and Bourbon are perfectly similar. 
Specimens from Mergui are paler beneath, and the feathers of the 
lower surface and of the light grey band across the rump have more 
obvious dark shaft-stripes. The specimens from South Andaman 
and Selangore (Klang) in the Malay Peninsula have the light band 
across the rump, which is dusky whitish or pale dusky grey in the 
typical forms, ill-defined, often so faint, that they nearly approach 

* A typical specimen, Mndly lent me by the author, does not differ from many 
examples of the dark Pacific form in the collection. 
8 . COLLOCALIA. 
50 5 
C. fucipliaga. Most of these forms are so alike, and their geographical 
distribution is so wide and curious, that very few races 
can be kept separate. I cannot allow specific or even subspecific 
rank to either the birds from Australia or those from Mauritius, but 
may recognize as a subspecies the dark-rumped bird from the 
Andamans, i. e. G. inewpectata of Hume, and the paler bird from 
Mergui, so that we have two forms which are somewhat differentiated 
in their respective habitats. It may seem feasible to allow 
subspecific rank to the Pacific specimens on account of their generally 
darker upper surface; but larger series show that this character is 
not constant, and therefore it is not advisable to keep them separate 
from C.frantica. 
a, b. Ad. sk. Bourbon I. (Beioshe?*). Shelley Coll. 
c, d. Ad. sk. Mauritius. Purchased. 

e. <5 imm. sk. Guadalcanal' I.; Solomon Is. C. M.Woodford, Esq. 
[0.1. 
f, g. Ad. sk. Samoa. Rev. S. J. Whitmee, 
h-m. <$ ; n, °, P-Taviumi, Fiji, April to Aug. Tweeddale Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (E. L. Layard). 

q. § ad. sk. Levuka, Fiji, July (E. L. Tweeddale Coll. 
Layard). 
r, Sj t. $ ad. sk. Ovalau, Fiji, June and Sept. Tweeddale Coll. 

(E. L. Layard). 
u-x. 
§ ad. sk. Ovalau, Aug. (F. M. Haytier). Voy. H.M.S. 
< Herald/ 

y. tf * z. $ ad. sk. Mauga, Fiji, Dec. (E. L. Tweeddale Coll. 
Layard). 
a', V. S ? ad. sk. Kandavu Is. ' Challenger' Exped. 
c', d'. Ad. sk. Tongatabu. iChallenger' Exped. 
<?'. S -,/'. $ ad.sk. Vavau, Friendly Is. Brenchley Coll. 
g', h'9 i'. Ad. sk. Rockingham Bay, Austr. Gould Coll. 

(Waller). 
k', I'. 3 2 ad. sk. Dunk Is., June 4 (J. Mao-Gould Coll. 

gillivray). 
m'. Ad. sk. Queensland. E. P. RamsayTP.l. 
n'. Skeleton. Samoa. Rev. S. J. Whitmee. 

Subsp. a. Collocalia inexpectata. 

Collocalia inexpectata, Hume, Stray Feath. 1873, p. 296 (S. Andamans) 
; id. Stray Feath. 1874, p. 493. 
Collocalia spodiopygia, Hume, Stray Feath. 1874, p. 160. 

Beneath rather dark and brownish, rump-band not so well defined 
as in typical 0. francica. Wing 4*5 to 4*7 inches in specimens 
from the South Andamans; a little longer, 4*7 to 4*9, in those 
from the Malay Peninsula. Some specimens from Malacca show 
scanty feathers on the tarsus. The ill-defined rump-band is very 
perceptible. 

Hah. S. Andamans and southern half of the Malay Peninsula. 

One specimen from Amherst in Tenasserim, in the Hume 
Collection, labelled Oyjpselus infumatus also undoubtedly belongs to 
this form. On the wing the dark-coloured forms of Collocalia so 

506 
CYPSELIDJ2. 

closely resemble the Tacliomis infumata^ that most" Indian field-
ornithologists admit that they have often shot one for the other. 

Collocalia spodiopypria, Hume, Stray Featk. 1875, p. 318; Hume § 

a~h. S ? ad. sk. Port Blair, S. Andaman, June, Tweeddale and 
i-n, $ ; o,p. $
July (JR. J. Wimberley). 
Button Island, March (A. O. 
Hume Colls. 
Hume Coll. 
ad. skq, r. <$ ad. sk.
s. Ad. sk. 
Hume). (Types of C. inexpectata.) 
Mount Harriet, S. Andaman, Hume Coll. 
March (TV. Davison), 
Aberdeen, S. Andaman, Nov. Hume Coll. 
t, u. $ ; v. $
(A. de JRoepstorff). 
S. Andaman, March (W. JEtamTweeddale 
Coll. 
ad. sk.
to. Ad. sk.
x, y. S ; z~d'-?
ad. sk.
e'. J ad. sk. 
say), 
Malacca (Verreaux). 
Selangore, March, April, Nov. 
( TV. Davison), 
Amherst, Tenasserim, June 20 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
(IV. Damson). 
Subsp. /3. Collocalia merguiensis. 

Davison, Stray "Featk. 1878, p. 51; Oates, B. JBurmah, ii. p. 8, 
part. (1883). 

Similar to 0. innominata, but smaller. Lower surface rather 
pale as a rule, and with very perceptible dark shaft-lines. Feathers 
of the rump with much developed shaft-lines. This form is paler 
than O.francica and has longer wings. Single specimens are similar 
to typical 0. francica, but larger series show well the above-
mentioned characters. "Wing 4#75 inches. 

Bab. Southern portion of Tenasserim and islands of the Mergui 
Archipelago, from Tavoy Island southwards. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. Pakchan, Tenasserim, Jan. (TV. Da- Hume Coll. 

viaon), 
c-o. <$ ad. sk. Mergui, June, July (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
p-u. J ad. ; v, Mergui, April to Dec. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 

w. Ad. sk. 
("Types of the subspecies.) 
6. Collocalia leucopygia. 
Collocalia leucopygia, 
Wallace, P. Z. S. 18G3, p. 384 (New Caledonia) 
; Grayj Ann. §• Mag. JSyat. Hist. I860, xvii. p. 122 j id. 
Hand-l I p. 65 (I860); Zayard, Ibis, 1878, p.252 (Xew Caledonia); 
Tristram, Ibis, 1879, p. 181 (New Caledonia); Salvad. Afti JR. 
Ac. Se. Torino, xv. p. 347 (1880) ; Zayard, Ibis, 1880, p. 223 
(Loyalty Islands) j id. Ibis, 1882, p. 503. 

Adult. Above sooty black, wings and tail glossy black; a broad 
white band of feathers with dark shaft-lines across the rump; chin, 
upper throat, sides of head, and neck dusky brown, feathers in front 
of the eye with white bases ; lower surface dirty white, browner on 
the sides of the body, purer white on the abdomen; all the feathers 
with darker shaft-lines; longer under tail-coverts glossy brown ; 
under wing-coverts dark brown; thighs and scanty feathers of the 

8 . * C0LL00i.LIA. 507 
tarsus blackish brown. Total length about 4 inches, wing 4*3, 
tail 1-8. 
Hah. "Kew Caledonia and Loyalty Islands. 

&. Ad. sk. Kew Caledonia. Purchased. 
(Type of the species.) 
b, $ ; c} d. 5 ad. Xew Caledonia, Hay 9 (JE, X. * Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. Layard). 

7. CoHocalia troglodytes. 
Collocalia troglodytes, Gray, Gen. B. pi. 19 (1845); id. Hand-l. i. 
p. 65 (1809); #M. P. 2. & 1883, p. S34; Slartens, J.f.O.1866, 
p. 18; i?/>. Compt. Rendus. xli. p. 977; Ptf/z. i?me Novara, Yog. 
p. 40 (1805); JYalden, Trans. ZooL Sac. ix. p. 158 (1875); Tweedd. 
P. Z. S. 1877, p. 823 (Mindanao); Sharjje, Trans. Linn. Soc. i. 
p. 320 (1877); Hume* Stratf Feath. viii. p. 47 (Malay Peninsula) 
(1879) ; Skarpe, Ibis. 1*63, p. 198 (Palawan); Wliitely, Ibis, 
1890, p. 40; Steere, List B. $ Mamm. Philippines, p. 12 (1890). 
Adult. Above metallic black, with a white band 0*2 inch broad 
across the rump, with blackish longitudinal stripes, the feathers 
being white with black tips and blackish shaft-lines; sides of head 
and neck dusky, feathers in front of the eye with white bases ; 
feathers of the lower surface brown, with darker shafts and white 
edges, giving these parts a mottled brown and white appearance ; 
the chin and sides of body uniform brown; under tail-coverts and 
under wing-coverts blackish. Total length about 3*5 inches, 
wing 3*7 to 3*8, tail 1*5. 

Hah. Philippine Islands down to Palawan. 

a-d. Ad. sk. [Philippines.] Cuming Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 
e-h. S ; *-»*. ? Placer, Mindanao, July {A. H. Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. JSverett). 

8. Collocalia uropygialis. 
Collocalia uropygialis, Gray, Ann. §Mag. Nat. Hist. 1866, xvii.p. 123 
(New Hebrides); id. Hand-L I. p. 05 (1809); Tristr. Ibis, 1876, 

p. 260; Gray, in Cruise of thei Curaqoa] p. 356, pi. ii. fig. 2 (1873) ; 
Fitisch, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 738; id. in ScL Pep. Ckalleng. p. 53; 
Layard, Ibis, 1878, p. 253 (X. Caledonia); id. Ibis, 1879, p. 107; 
id. Ibis, 1880, pp. 223,337 (Loyalty Islands) ; id. Ibis, 1882, p. 502. 
Adult. Above black with steel-blue gloss, a band across the rump 
pure white; chin, throat, upper breast, and sides of body dark grey, 
with some whitish edges to the feathers; lower breast and abdomen 
white; under tail-coverts bluish black with white edges, the 
longest entirely bluish black; under wing-coverts blackish, the 
longest with white tips; rectrices with white spots on the basal 
portion of their inner webs, these spots varying in extent and not 
being developed on the central pairs of rectrices. Total length 
about 3*5 to 4 inches, wing 3*9, tail 1*7. 

Hah. New Hebrides and Mew Caledonia, 

508 
CTPSELIDJS. 

a. Ad. sk. New Hebrides. J. W Perry, Esq. 
[P.]. 
b. Ad. sir. Aneiteum. 
Brenchley Coll. 
c. d. Ad. sk Aneiteum. J. Macgillivray [C.]. 
(Types of the species.) 
e. Ad. sk. Aneiteum (£. 0. Layard). lVeeddale Coll. 
f-i. Ad. sk. Aneiteum, June, Aug. 
k, I 
c? ad. sk. Api, New Hebrides. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.' 


9. Collocalia marginata. 
Collocalia fuciphaga7 Tweedd. P. £. S. 1878, p. 429 (" Luzon "). 
Collocalia marginata, JSahad. Atti JR. Ac. Sc. Tor. xvii. p. 448 
(1882); Beichen. fy Schtdow, J.f 0. 1884, p. 382. 
Collocalia cebuensis, gutter, Jf 0. 1882, p. 171 (Cebu); Meichen. 
$ Schalow, J.f. 0. 1884, p. 382. 

Adult. Above sooty black with greenish gloss; wings and tail 
with steel-blue gloss ; upper tail-coverts, except the longest, with, 
narrow but distinct white edges : feathers in front of the eye with 
white bases ; sides of head, neck, and chin mouse-grey; feathers of 
the throat with white edges, gradually increasing in width on the 
underparts, so that the abdomen appears to be almost white; 
rectrices without white marks, longest under tail-coverts like the 
back,- under wing-coverts with very small white edges. Total 
length about 3*6 inches, wing 4, tail 1*6. 

Hob. Cebu, Philippines (Luzon?). 

a. Ad. sk. Manila ? (Serr Othberg). Tweeddale Coll. 
10. Collocalia linchi 
Hirundo fuciphaga, Sorsf (nee Thanh.!) Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 
p. 143 (1821). 
Collocalia fuciphaga, G. R. Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 55 (1845); BIyth, 
Joarn. As. Soc. Beng. xiv. p. 548 (1845), xv. p. 22 (1846) ; id. 
Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. Beng. p. 86 (1849); Walden, Ibis, 1874, p. 133. 

Collocalia linchi, Sorsf. $ Moore, Cat B. Mus. E. L Comp. L 

p. 100 (1854); Bp. Compt. Rend. xli. p. 548 (1855); Bernst. 
J.f 0. 1859, p. 119 (mdifie.); Wall. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 548,-ScL 
P. Z. S. 1865, p. 616 ,• Teh. Reis. Novara, Vog. p. 39, pi. ii. fig. 2, 
& pi. yi. fig. 2 (1865); Gray, Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Sist 1866, xvii. 
p. 118; Gray, Sand-L I p. 65 (1869) ; Bali, Stray Featk i. p. 55, 
Andamans (1873) ,* Swne, ibid. ii. p. 157 (1874), yi. p. 48 (1878), 
viii. p. 47 (1879); Salvad. dec. Borneo, p. 121 (1874); SAarpe, 
Ibis, 1879, p. 250 (Borneo) ; Tristr. Ibis, 1879, p. 438 (New 
Hebrides) ; Nicholson, Ibis, 1881, p. 143 (Java) ; Kelkam, Ibis, 
1881, p. 374 (Malacca); Gates, B. Burmah, ii. p. 10 (1883); 
Vorderm. Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl. Ind. p. 193 (1883) ; Kutter, 
J. f 0. 1883, p. 302 (eggs); id. J.f O. 1885, p. 344; W. 
Bias. J. f O. 1884, p. 227 (S.E. Borneo) ; Grabowshy, Ornis, 
1885, p. 157; SJiarpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 23; Oates, ed. Sume's Nests 
Sr Eggs Ind. B. iii. p, 33 (1890). 
Collocalia afimis, 
Tytler fy Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 318 (Andamans); 
Blyth, Ibis, 1868, p. 131; Walden, Ibis, 1873, p. 302; Salvad. 
Ibis, 1880, p. 130. 

8 . COLLOCALIA. 
509 

Adult. Similar to C. marginata, but no white edges to the upper 
tail-coverts ; the back a little darker; chin, throat, and breast 
"uniform mouse-grey, only the feathers of the abdomen, flanks, and 
smaller under tail-coverts bordered with white; rectrices without 
white marks. Total length nearly 4 inches, wing 4, tail 1*5. 

Young. Perfectly similar to the adult. 
Hub. Andamans and ETicobars, southern parts of the Malay 
Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. 

a. d ad. sk. Kondul I., Nicobars, March 14. Hume Coll. 
b, c. <$ ad. sk. S. Andamans, March (E.G. W. P.). Tweeddale Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Ross Island, July (22. G. W. JR.). Tweeddale Coll. 
e. tf ad. sk. Jolly Boys Id., March 9 (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 
f. g. Ad. sk. Chatham Isl., Jan. 6 (JR. G. W. P.). Tweeddale Coll. 
h-m. ad. sk. Chatham Isl., Jan. 2 (R.G. W. JR.). Hume Coll. 
n-p. J ad. sk. Andamans, Maich, Dec. (Davison). Hume Coll. 
q~u. Ad.; v-x. Port Blair, Andamans (A. 0. -ST.). Hume Coll. 
1mm. sk. 

y. Ad. sk. Malacca. Purchased. 
z} a'. <$ ; b'. J ad. Johore, March, August (W. JDa- Hume Coll. 
sk. vison). 
d-f. Ad. sk. Java (Horsfield). India Museum. 
(Types of the species.) 
g'. Ad. sk. La-was River, Borneo, April. Ussher Coll. 
h'. $ ad. sk. Paku, Borneo, October. H. Everett Coll. 

11. Collocalia esculenta *. 
Apus marina, Rumph. Herb. Amboin. vi. p. 183 (1750). 
Hirundo esculenta, Linn. 8yst. Nat. ed. x. i. p. 191 (1758); id. 8t/st. 
Nat ed. xii. p. 343 (1766); Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xiv. p. 529 (18l7). 
Cypselus esculentus, 8. Mull Verh. Land-en Volhenh. p. 110 (18391844). 


Collocalia esculenta, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 55 (excl. synonym.) (1845); 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 343 (1850); Bp. Rev. et Mag. Zool 1855, p. 580; 
Gray, P. Z. S. I860, p. 345 (Amboina) ; Wall P. Z. S. 1863, 
pp. 384, 485 (Molucca, New Guinea) j 8cl P. Z. S. 1865, p. 615 ; 
Finsch, Neu-Guinea, p. 162 (1865); Wald. Trans. Zool. 8oc. viii. 

p. 46 (1872) j Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. x. p. 312 (1877); id. 
Atti R. Ac. 8c. Tor. xv. p. 345 (3880) j id. Orn. JPapuasia, i. 
p. 540 (1880) ; A. B. Meyer, Ibis, 1879, p. 65 (Celebes) ; Sharpe, 
Journ. Linn. 8oc., Zool. xvi. p. 430 (1882) ; Bias. § Nehrk. Verh. 
zool.-bot. yes. Wien, 1882, p. 421 (Amboina) j Finsch §* Meyer}
Zeitschr. yes. Orn. 1886, p. 14 (New Guinea). 
Collocalia hypoleuca, G. R. Gray, P. Z. S.1858, pp. 170, 189 (Aru 
Is.) $ id. Cat. B. New Guinea, pp. 18, 54 (1859); id. P. Z. S.1860, 

* Gray has not adopted Linux's name H. esculenta. I quite agree with 
Count Salvador! and many others, that there is no reason whatever to reject 
it. Briss. Orn. ii. p. 510, pi. 46. fig. 2 a (1760), describes andfigures a bird 
with an edible nest; but it appears that tbey have nothing to do witb one 
another, the bird probably being some kind of Swallow, although the nest is 
that of some species of Collocalia. Linn6 (1758) quotes Bumphius, whose 
description certainly refers to our bird. 
510 
CYPSELIDJE. 

p. 345 (Batchian); id. P. Z. S. 1861, p. 433 (Mysol); Mosenb. Nat. 
Tijdschr. Ned. hid. xxv. p. 234 (1863); id. J.f. 0. 1804, p. 120; 
Gray, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. I860, xvii. pp. 120, 121; id. Hand-l. i. 
p. 6e5, no. 749 (1869); id. Ann. if Mag. Nat. Hist. 1870, v. p. 329 
(Ugi); id. Cruise of thec Curaeoaf Birds, p. 356, pi. ii.fig. 1 (1873); 
Tristr. Ibis, 1882, p. 143 (Solomon Is.). 
Collocalia viridinitens, G. M. Gray, Ann. fy Mag. Nat Hist. 1866, 

xvii. p. 120 (Celebes). 
Collocalia spilura, 
Gray, Ami. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. 1866, xvii. p. 120 
(Batchian); id. Hand-l. i. p. 65, no. 750 (1819). 

Adult. Above black, with strong greenish and steel-blue, sometimes 
rather purplish, gloss; feathers in front of the eye white, with, 
black tips ; sides of head and neck and chin dark grey ; throat and 
breast dark grey with white edges, increasing in width on the underparts, 
so that the abdomen is entirely white; under tail-coverts 
glossy green, broadly bordered with white, longest uniform ; 
rectrices, except central, with large white spots to the basal half of 
the inner webs, these spots varying greatly in extent and sometimes 
being nearly obsolete : in one specimen from Cape York, on 
the north coast of Australia, they are not at all developed, but are 
visible in the two others from the same locality. Total length 
nearly 4 inches, wing 3*8-4. 

Young birds are not so glossy above but are otherwise similar 
to the adult; nestlings are probably greyish brown above without 
steel-blue gloss. 

Hab. Moluccan and Papuan Islands, from Celebes in the West to 

New Guinea; Cape York on the north coast of Australia, and the 

Solomon Islands in the East. 

a. Ad. sk. Macassar, Celebes. Wallace Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Mysol. 
Wallace Coll. 
c. o* imm. sk. Mysol. 
Wallace Coll. 
d. 2 ad. ; e. Imm. Batchian. 
Wallace Coll. 
sk. (Types of C. spilura. Gray.) 
/ . Ad. sk. Matabello Island. Wallace Coll. 

g. 
$ ad. sk. Am Islands. Wallace Coll. 
(Type of C. hypoleuca} Gray.) 
h. 
Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts., S.E. New Goldie Coll 
Guinea. 
i. 
p* ad.; k. $ Gulf IsL, Solomon Isl., Aug. Brenchley Coll. 
imm. sk. 
/, m, n. Ad. sk. Cape York, Austr. (J. T. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Cockerill). 

12. Collocalia neglecta. 
Hirundo esculenta, var., Less. Tr. d'Orn. 1831, p. 270 (Timor). 
Collocalia esculenta, JBp. Compt. Rend. xli. p. 977 (1855) (Timor). 
Collocalia neglecta, G. JR. Gray, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist, 1866, 

xvii. p. 121 (Timor); id. Hand-l. i. p. 65, no. 751 (1869); JSalvad. 
AttiE. Ac. 8c. Tor. xv. p. 346 (1880). 
Adult. Crown, tail, and wings glossy brownish black; feathers of 
the neck, back, rump, and upper wing-coverts dark plumbeous grey ; 

MACROPTEEYGIM. 

511 

fcathors of the rump with small white edges; upper wing-coverts 
With obsolete pale brown edges; feathers in front of the eyo 
blackish, with white bases ; chin, sides of head, and neck brownish 
grey ; throat dirty white ; breast and abdomen white; under tail-
coverts white, with dark patches along the shafts, longest entirely 
glossy blackish; rectrices, except central, with long white, sharply-
defined spots, occupying nearly the entire basal half of the inner 
"web. Total length nearly 4 inches, wing 3*8, tail 1*6. 

llab, Timor. 
a.
b, 
Acl sk.
c, d. Ad. sk. 
Timor (Wallace), 
E. Timor. 
Gould Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 

13. Collocalia natalis. 
Collocalia natalis, Lister, P. Z. S.1888, p. 250, 
Adult. Similar to G. neglect a, from which it differs only in having 
a very dark, almost blackish chin and upper throat; the white spots 
on the basal half of outer rectrices merging into the dark colour, 
especially on the under surface; the dark patches on the under tail-
coverts broader, and the white edges of the rump-feathers a little 
larger. Wing 4*8 inches. 

Eab. Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean, south of "Western 
Java. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Christmas Island, October 1. J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.]. 
(Types of the species.) 

Subfamily III. MACEOPTERYGINiE. 

The external characters by which this subfamily is distinguished 
are given in the key to the subfamilies of the CypseUdce. It consists 
of only one genus, which stands by itself among the Cypselidm. 
In the softness of its plumage and the form of some of the bones of 
the skull it somewhat resembles the Capri nrnlg Ida*. On the flanks 
there is a patch of silky downy feathers, not found in any other 
species of CypseUdce. In all the species of the genus Macropteryx 
some feathers of the head, either moustache-stripes, superciliary 
stripes, or feathers of the crown, are obviously elongated. The 
plumage of the nestling is quite different from the adult, while in 
the members of the subfamily Cypselince it differs only slightly from 
the adult, and differs in no perceptible way in the members of the 
subfamily Ohceturince. The sexes are perceptibly different. 

The nidification of these birds is most interesting—the very small 
nest, containing a single egg—and differing entirely from that of all 
the other Swifts, reminding one strikingly of that of Batrachostomus. 

512 
CYPSELH)^. 

The tarsus is very short, the posterior margin of the sternum has 
two foramina, instead of being imperforate as in the sternum of the 
Ot/joselince and Ch ceturince. 

Fox further anatomical remarks, cf. Lucas, Auk, vi. p. 8 (1889), 
where a new family, Denclrochelidonidce, is proposed. 

9. MACEOPTEEYX. w 
Type. 
Macropteryx, Swains. Zool. III. ii. pi. 47 (1832) .. M. longipennis. 
Pallestre, Less. Compl. Buffi jm. p. 490 (1887) .. M. longipennis. 
Dendrochelidon, Bote, u in litt." JErsch fy Gruber, 

Enc. xxix. p. 158 (1S37J . M. longipennis. 
Dendrochelidon, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 165 ... . M. longipennis. 
Palsestra, Agass. Nomencl. Zool. hid. Univ. p. 271 

(1870). 
Chelidonia; Streubel, Isis, 1848, p. 370 iL nrystaeea. 
Range. India, Malay ana, and Fapuasia. 


Key to the Sjpecics. 

a. Breast and rump grey. 
a'. 
Smaller: crown greenish bronze with steel-
blue gloss, or bluish ashy with metallic 


gloss, 
a". Upper neck and back uniform with the 
rump, i. e. ashy grey coronata, p. 512. 
V\ Upper neck ana back greenish bronze. 
a'". Smaller: under tail - coverts almost 
white .. longipennis, p. 514. 
b"\ Larger: under tail-coverts dirty greyish 
white ... tcallaceij p. 515. 
b'. Very large ; crown deep steel-blue mystacea, p. 516. 

b. Breast and rump bionze 
comata, p. 517. 
1. Macropteryx coronata. 
Hirundo coronata, Tick. J. As. Soc. Beng. ii. p. 580 (1833). 

Macropteryx coronatus, Tick. J. As. Soc. Beng. xv. p. 21 (1840); 
Blyth, Cat. B. Mm. As. Soc. Beng. p. 87 (1849) ; Layard, Ann. \Mag. 
Nat. Hist. 1853, p. 167; Fairb. Stray Feath. iv. p. 254 
(1867); Wardl. Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 458; Sato. Cat. StriekL 
Coll. p. 373 (1882); Gates, B. Burm. ii. p. 12 (1683 k id. ed. 
Hume's Nests $Eggs Ind. B. p. 30 (1890). 

Macropteryx longipennis, Jerd. Madr. Journ. 1840, p. 236. 
Dendrochelidon schisticolor, Bp. Consp. i. p. 66 (1850). 
Dendrochelidon coronatus (-a), Gould, B. Asia, L pi. 21 (1859); 

Jerd. B. India, i, p. 185 (1862); Scl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 67; id. J. f. O. 
1867, p. 141; Beavcm, Ibis, 1865, p. 405, 1869, p. 405; Gray, 
Hand-l. i. p. 65 (1869); Holdmo. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 420 (Ceylon); 
Ball, Stray Feath. ii. p. 384 (1874); Hume, Stray Feath. ii.p.469 
(Tenasserim) (1874); id. ibid. iii. p. 45 (1875) ; Fairb. Stray Feath. 

v. p. 393 (Palani H.) (1877) ; Ball, ibid. vii. p. 202 (Godaveri); 
Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 328 (1878); Bingh. Stray Feath. yil. p. 192 
9. MACROPTEEYX. 
(Malay Pen.) (1879); Vidal, ibid. ix. p. 48 (S. Konkan); Davidson, 
ibid. x. p. 294 (Khandeisli) (1882); Davison, ibid. p. 348 
(Mysore) (1882); Swinh. Ibis, 1885, p. 60 (Centr. Ind.) ; Barnes, 
Bombay Journ. JV". H. Soc. iii. pt. 1 (1888) (nest figured). 

Adult male. Lores deep black ; a narrow and indistinct line over 
the eye whitish; upper chin, moustache-stripe, and ear-coverts 
light chestnut (hazel, Ridgw. Nomencl. Col. pi. iv. fig. 12); upper 
plumage and sides of neck bluish ashy, with metallic greenish gloss 
on the elongated feathers of the crown and the longest upper tail-
coverts; throat, breast, and sides of body light grey, gradually 
merging into the colour of the abdomen, which is white like the 
vent and under tail-coverts ; upper wing-coverts metallic blue; 
under brownish grey; wings and tail brown with metallic greenish 
gloss : " iris dark brown, sometimes reddish hazel; bill black ; legs 
pinkish brown " (Oates). Total length nearly 9 inches, wing 6-6-3, 
tail D'2. 

Adult female. Differs from the male in having no chestnut on 
the head, the chin being like the throat; the ear-coverts like the 
sides of the neck, but darker; the grey throat is separated from the 
dark grey sides of the head by a whitish line. 

Young. With very broad brownish-grey and narrow white edges 
to the feathers of the upper parts, and dark brown subterminal bars 
to those of the lower surface. 

This plumage is that of the very young. They seem to be whiter 
again when in the nest, but assume the adult plumage at a very 
early age. 

Hob. India and Ceylon, extending to Burma and Siam in the 
East, and Tenasserim, except the southern portion, in the South. 

a. 
$ ad.; b. $ Dehra Doon, Pinwill Coll. 
ad. sk. 
c. 
<$ ad. sk.; d. Behar. Hodgson Coll, 
S ad. sk. 
e~g. cS ad. sk. Darjiling. Hume Coll. 
h, i, $ ad.; h. J Lower Hills, Bkootan, Jan., Hume Coll. 

ad. sk. Feb. (L.Mandelli). 

i. $ 
ad.; m. $ Maunbhooni, April (Beavan). Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. 
n. 
<$ ad.; o,p. 2 Chanda, 0. P. Blanford Coll. 
ad. sk. 
q. 
(S ad.; r. J Mhow, Feb.; Manpore, May. Col. 0. Swinhoe[P.], 
ad. sk. 
$, t. $ ad.; u, v. Khandeish, May and December Hume Coll. 
2 ad. sk. (Davison). 
w~-z. S ad,; a'. J Mirzapoor Distr., March (R. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. Thompson). 
b'. S ad. sk. Chindwara Distr., June (It. Hume ColJ. 
Thompson). 
c\ d'. <$ ad.; e', Nagpur Distr., March. Hume Coll, 
/'. ? ad. sk. 

<f. (5 ad. sk. Raipur, January. Hume Coll, 
'h'-k'. 6 ad. sk. Seoni, C. P. Hume Coll, 
2L 

VOL. XVI. 

I'. S imm. sk. S. Konkan, May 5 (G. Vidal). Hume Coll, 

514 CTPSELIDJE. 
mf, (S imm. sk. Base of Palani Hills, June 25 
(Fairbank). 
n'. J ad. sk. Madras. 
</. (J ad.; p'. c? Ceylon, April and Oct. (H. 

imm.; q'-tf, 5 Nevill $ Chapman). 

ad. sk. 

u'. J ad. sk. Ceylon, Nov. {Hart Brothers). 
v',wf. ($&& ; a?'. Ceylon, Bee. 
2 ad.sk. 
/, »'. c? ad. ; 

Karen Nee, March 17 (W. 
a". J ad. sk. Ramsay). 

b". <$ ad. sk. Thayetinyo, Nov. (W. Ram-

Bay). 
c''. $ ad. sk. Thayetmyo. 
d", e". J ad. sk. Moulmain. 

/';c?acL;£".c? Tonghoo, Feb., July, Dec. (W. 

imm.; A", i". Ramsay). 

$ ad. sk. 

Attaran K., Tenass,, March 8 

k". $ ad. sk. 

(W. Davison). 
/". ? ad. sk. Sal ween Distr., February 17 
(TV. Davison). 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Jardine Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Col.W.V.Legge[P.]. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale ColL 

Gates Coll. 
Pinwill Coll. 
Tweeddale ColL 

Hume Coll. 
Hume ColL 

2. Macropteryx longipennis. 
Hirundo longipennis, Rafin. Bull Sac. Philom. in. p. 153 (1804). 
Hirundo klecho, Horsf. Trans. Linn. Sac. xiii. p. 143 (1821). 
Cypselus longipennis, Temm. PL Col. 83. fig. 1, text (1823). 
Cypselus klecho, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 81(1820). 
Macropteryx longipennis, Sivains. Zool III. ii. pi. 47 (1832); Blythf 


Cat. Mus. As. Sac. B. p. 322 (1849); Sharpe, Ibis, 1876, p. 33 ; 
Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 299; Salvin, Cat Striekl. ColL p. 373 
(1882); Vorderm. Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl Ind. 1883, p. 213; Oates, 

B. Bnrmali, ii. p. 13 (1883); Hartert, J.f 0.1889, p. 359 (Sumatra) 
; id. Kat. Vogels. Senckenb. Mus. p. 118, note (lb91). 
Macropteryx klecho, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 8 (1840); Blyth7 Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soc. Beng. p. 87 (1849); Set R. Z^S. 1883, p. 212. 
Dendrochelidon klecho, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 165 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 66 
(1850) ; Horsf. # Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I Comp. i. p. 110 (1854) j 
Gould, B. Asia, i. pi. 22 (1859); Bemst. J.f.O. 1859, p. 183, 
pi. ii. (nest and eggs); id. J.f.O. 1860, p. 268; Cab. § Heine, 
Mus. Hem. iii. p. 83 (1860); %ScZ. P. Z. S. I860, p. 616; id. J.f.O. 
1867, p. 140; Gray, Hand-L 1. p. 64 (1869). 

Dendrochelidon 
longipennis, Salvad. TIec. Borneo, p. 122 (1874) ; 
HumefyDavison, Stray Feath. vi. p. 52 (Tenasserim)(1878); Hume, 
Stray Featk. viii. p. 47 (Malay Penins.) (1879); Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, 

p. 250 (Borneo); id. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 334,- id. Ibis, 1890, p. 24. 
Adult male. Lores black; forehead, crown, nape, back, tail, 
scapulars, and wing-coverts greenish bronze, generally with metallic 
blue edges to the feathers, this latter colour being sometimes very 
prevalent, sometimes entirely absent; rump and upper tail-coverts, 
except the longest, grey; tips of scapulars and innermost secondaries 
whitish grey; wings brown with steel-blue gloss; ear-coverts 
pure chestnut j chin, throat, breast, upper abdomen, and sides of 

9 . MACROPTERYX, 
body grey; lower and middle of upper abdomen, vent, and under 
tail-coverts white. Total length about &-o inches, wing 6-5, tail 4. 
Adult female. Like the male, but ear-coverts metallic greenish 
brown. 

Young. Similar to that of 3L coronata, but the brownish bars are 
smaller, the white edges broader, and the feathers of the crown 
have chestnut edges and white tips. 

Hah. From Tenasserim down the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, 
Java, Bangka, Borneo. 

a. <$ ad. sk. [A&ia.] 
Gould Coll. 
b-e. (S ad.; f-i. Bankasoon, Tenasserim, Jan., Hume Coll. 
J imm. sk. Feb., June, Dec. (Davison). 


k. <$ ad. bk. Malewoon, July (Daviso7i). Hume Coll. 
1. 
$ ad.; m. <j> Hankachan and Pakchan, Feb. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. & Jan. {Davison). 
n. J ad. sk. Pulu Seban, Nov. (Davison). Hume Coll. 
o-w. c? ad. j x-Mergui, Jan. & June (Davison). Hume Coll. 
U. 2 ad.; c'. 
Imm. sk. 
d'. 
<$ ad. sk. Perak. L. Wray, Esq., Junr. 
[C.]. 

e',f. d ad.; g', Selangore, Jan. & May Hume Coll. 

h'. 2 ad. sk. (Davison). 
„ i'-m'. c?ad.; n'-Klang, June, July, & Sept., Hume Coll. 
M r'. $ ad. sk. March, April (W. Davison). 

$', t'. £ ad. et Malacca, May (A. C. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
imm. sk. 

u. 3 ad.; v'~x'. Malacca, July. Hume Coll. 
$ ad.sk. 
y', z'. J ad. sk. Mt. Ophir, Malacca (W. RamTweeddale 
Coll. 


say). 
a"-c". 3 ad. sk. Johore, August (Davison). Hume Coll. 
d". $ ad. sk. Singapore, January (Davison). Hume Coll. 
6>f-k". 6 $ ad. Sumatra. 


sk. 
1". (S ad. sk. Labuan, Borneo, Sir H. Low [C.]. 


m". $ ad. sk. Kina Balu (Burbidge). H. Veitch, Esq. [P.]. 
n". d pull, sk. Sarawak. A. H. Everett [C.]. 
o". J ad. sk. Java (Dr. Horsfield). India Museum. 

(Type of Dendrochelidon klecho, Horsf.) 
P"> <["- c? ach s^-Java. Tweeddale Coll. 
r". J ad.sk. Djapannan, E. Java, Sept. 5. Wallace Coll. 
*", *". 6 ad., $ Java (Diard). Salvin-G-odman Coll. 

imm. sk. 
u". $> ad-sk-Billiton. Tweeddale Coll, 


3. Macropteryx wallacei. 
Dendrochelidon wallacei, Gould, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 100 (Celebes) ; id. 
B Asia, i. pi. 23 (1859); Wallace, P. Z. S. 1862, p. 339 (Sula 
Is.') ; Bel. P.Z. S. 1865, p. 616; id. J.f. 0.1867, p. 140 ; Gray, 
Hand-l. i p. 65 (1869). 

Macropteryx wallacii, 
Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. vm. p. 45 (Celebes) 
(1874); A. B. Meyer, Ibis, 1879, p. 65; W. Bias. Zeitschr. ges. 
Orn. 1885, p. 246. 
2L2 

516 CYPSELID.3B. 

Adult male. In general appearance like M. longipennis, but larger, 
the steel-blue colour on the upper parts very prevalent; vent and 
under tail-coverts not pure white, but suffused with grey ; the ear-
cover ts of a very dark chestnut, and separated from the grey throat 
by a dark line. Total length about 9-5 inches, wing 7*2, tail 4-8. 

Adult female. As in the other species of this genus differs from 

the male in having the ear-coverts greenish steel-blue, not chestnut. 
Young. Spotted like the young-of M. coronata a,n& lonyipennis. 
Hab.* Celebes and Sula Islands. 


a, b. 1mm. sk. Celebes. Wallace Coll. 

c. $ ad. sk, N. Celebes. Tweeddale Coll. 
d,e. J $ ad. sk. Menado, Celebps ( Wallace). 
f S ad. sk. Macassar, Celebes ( Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
g. <$ ad. sk, Macassir. "Wallace Coll. 
X d ad. sk. Macassar. Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
I $ ad. sk. Sula Islands. Wallace Coll 


4. Macropteryx mystacea. 
Cypselus mystaceus, Less. Voy. Coq., Zool. Atl. pi. 22 (1826) ; id. 
'Man. d>Om. i. p. 417 (182d); Ouv. Regne An. i. p. 395 (1829); 

dAlb. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. x. pp. 10, 19 (1877). 
Hirundo mystacea, Gieb. Thes. Orn. ii. p. 21 (Cuv. Mus. Par.). 
Apus rnystaceus, Less. Tr. d'Orn. p. 268 (1831). 
Macropteryx mystaceus, Swains. Class B. ii.p. 430 (1837) ; Cass. Cat. 

ffirimd. Mus. Phil. p. 15 (1853); Wall. Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist. 

xx. p. 477 (1857); Scl. Journ. Pr. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 155 (1857) $ 
Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, pp. 170, 189, 1860, p. 345, 1861, p. 433; 
Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 763 (1865), x. p. 131 (1877). 
Palleatre mystaceus, Less. Compl. du Buffon, Ois. p. 441 (1838). 

Macropteryx mystacea, S. Mull. Verh. Land-en Volhenh. p. 110 
(1839-44); Salvad. Ann Mus. Civ. Gen. x. pp. 130, 311 (1877) 5 
id. P. Z. S. 1878, pp. 81, 95; id. Orn. Papuasia, i. pp. 537, 538 
(1880); A. B. Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 278 (Ostind. 
Arch.); id. ibid. 1886, pp. 14, 34; Nehrkom, J.f.O. 1885, p. 32 j 
Guillem. P. Z, S. 1885, pp. 569, 630. 

Dendrochelidon mystacea (-us), Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 166; Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 66 (1850); Gould, B. Asia, i. pi. 24 (1859); Bemst. J.f.O. 
1859, p. 183; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 82 (1860); Wall 
P. Z. S. 1863, p. 22 ; Rosenb. J.f.O. 1864, p. 117; Set. P. Z. S. 
1865, pp. 596, 616; id. J.f O. 1867, p. 140; Gray, Hand-l. i. 
p. 65 (1869); A. B. Meyer, Sitzb. h. Ak. Wissensch. Wien, ixx. 
p. 218 (1874); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. viii. p. 372 (1876); 
Cab. <§• Reichm. J. f. O. 1876, p. 324 (Salomon Is.); d'Alb. Ibis, 
1877, p. 366; Scl. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 105 (Bum); Finsch, P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 10; Laxjard, Ibis, 1880, p. 298 (New Hebr.)$ Tristr. Ibis 
1882, pp. 134, 143 (Solomon Is.). 
Dendrochelidon mystacina, Rosenb. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. xxv 

p. 229 (1863). 
Cypselus mystacalis, Rosenb. Reis naar Zuidoostereil. p. 37 (1867). 
Adult male. Lores black; forehead, crown, wings and tail, upper 
and under wing-coverts and longer upper tail-coverts deep steel-
blue ; neck, back, rump, scapulars, shorter upper tail-coverts, throat, 
breast, upper abdomen, and sides of body grey; stripes from the 

9 . MAC110PTT3RYX. 517 
forehead over the eyes, chin and long moustache-stripes, nnd innermost 
secondaries pure white ; lower abdomen, vent, and under taiicovorts 
white, more or less suffused with grey; small ehe.slnut npotH 
on the.tips of the oar-covorts. Total length about V2-VA indies, 

wing 8*8, tail 7. 
Adult female. Without the chestnut spot on the oar-covertB. 
Young. "With light cinnamon-rufous edges to the feathers of the 

upper parts, with broad subterminal bars of the same colour to the 
white feathers of the under surface. Boforo the adult plumage is 
assumed, the white feathers seem to become brownish grey and the 
reddish bars on them much broader. The change no doubt takes 
place at a very early age. # 

Hah. Papuasia from Gilolo and Bum in the \\ est to the Salomon 
and Duke of York Islands in the East. 
a Pull sk [Tapuasia.l Gould Coll. 


h /a d sir Guebeh, Feb.22 (Lei/den Mm.). Sabin-Godman Coll. 
I % adl sk*. Gilolo (A. It. Wallace). Gould Coll 
rl P A ad sk Batchian. ^ allaee Coll 


 Buru R Wallace">'

}' d ad. iff-? ( A Tweeddale Coll 

7 aTd,Sk'oi, Bum Wallace Coll. 

h. Imm.sk. isuru. 
a. <J ad. sk. Mysol (J. J2. TTWtoce). Gould Coll. 
k.$*L;l,m. Oeram. \\ ailace Coll. 
u P2Uad8ki: Amboina, May 12 (Leyden Salvin-Godman Coil. 
o-r. J ? ad. sk. Amboina. 

:,lfd ?sk d-Sk" pt^sby , S.E. New BroadbentColl. 
Guinea. ..., 
to Imm.sk. New Britain, March. Rev. G. Brown [( 1 
rtfadsk . Duke of York Island. Eov. (i Brown fO.]. 


y. S ad. sk. New Ireland (Rev. G. Brown). Tweeddale Coll. 
5. Macropteryx comata. 
' Cypselus comatus, Temm.Pl Col, ^.(^(Sunjatra). 
Dendroehelidon eomatus (-a),^e, hu, lb44, •P;!«. '¥'<•»$:£ 


• v 6(5 (1850) ; GWrf, •»• -4«w, l. pi. 26 (1859); Cab. $ Jlime, 
fc &fo i i. p. 82 (18G0); Scl. 1\ Z. S. 18(15, p. 017; ul. J.f.O. 
1867 Vlil Gray, EaJ-l i. p. 05 (1800); &r/«i& tTee-Ihr^, 

Si 47 (Malay,Penins.)'(1879); S^ f , /to, If*, p. 414 (Bor^o) 
\* 7 v? i»7Q r» ^50- JTwmfi # Davison,totrayleath. vi. p. <>i 

gjJi^^'^Vi * ^.>334 ^abuan


nest); JKtftew, i»«, 1881, p. 37b (Malacca). 

Tram. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, i. p. 319 (Pb ihppmes)(i« - J, i c 

P. Z. S.1877, p 828 (Mindanao):; &fo.G*tte« . <*M^9, 
(1882); Oaies, J?.Burmah, n. p. 14 (1884) ,. nmterT,^.J.V. , 
p 401 (Perakj ; id. J.f.O. 185)1, p. 295 (Mmdoro). 
Adult nude. Lores deep black;_ forehead crow*nape throat, 
sides of head, upper and under wmg-covcrts metallic blue, a lew 

518 CYPSEL1DJE. 

feathers on the forehead, a broad stripe from the base of the culmen 
continued over the eye and running out in elongated feathers to the 
nape, chin, and a broad stripe under the ear-coverts, continued in 
elongated feathers, vent, under tail-coverts, and innermost secondaries 
white; ear-coverts chestnut; back, rump, upper tail-coverts, 
breast, abdomen, and sides of the body metallic bronze-brown • 
wings and tail brown glossed with deep blue, especially on the 
outer webs of the primaries ; shafts of rectrices brown above, white 
below : " iris dark brown; feet purplish ; bill black ,? {Harttrt). 
Total length about 6-5 inches, wing Q-Q'D, tail 3-2. 

Adult female. Like the male, but the ear-coverts metallic blue. 

Young. A very young bird collected by Hose in Baram, Borneo, 

with the wings only 3*8 inches in length, has faint remains of pale 

brownish edges to the feathers of the upper parts and abdomen, and 

clear white edges to the tips of the quills; some parts of the abdo


men, concealed by the bronze feathers of the adult, show the buffy 

white plumage of the nestling. 

Specimens from the Philippines are generally larger with longer 
wings; but this feature does not seem to be constant, and I cannot 
find any other differences. 

Hob. From Tenasserim throughout the Malay Peninsula, extending 
into Siam; Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Celebes, Timor, Philippines. 

a. S ad. sk. Malewoon, Tenasserim, Jan. 4 Hume Coll. 
(W. Davison). 
b, c. S ad.; d. $ Bankasoon, Jan., June (W. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. Davison). 
e-g. <$ ad.; h-Choungthanoung, Dec. ( W. Hume Coll. 

m. 2 ad. sk. Davison). 
n. c? ad.; o, p. Packclian, Jan., Feb., Dec. ( W. Hume Coll. 
2 ad. sk. Daiison). 
q, r. $ ad. sk. Perak. L. Wiay, Esq. ~C?. 

s. tf ad.; t-v. 5 Klang, April, July ( W. DaviHume 
Coll. 
ad. sk. son). 
w-a'. S ad.; b'~ Johore, March, July, Aug. {W. Hume Coll. 
/'. ? ad. sk. Davison). 
g', h'. 5 ad.; i!. Sumatra (Wallace, C. Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 
k', V. c? ad. sk. Larnpong, S.E. Sumatra (E. Tweeddaie Coll. 

C. Buxton). 
m'. Imm. sk. Baram, Borneo. C. Hose [C.]. 
ri. c? ad. sk. Sarawak. Wallace Coll. 
o'. (S ad. sk. Sarawak (Ussker). Tweeddale Coll. 
jp', q'. $ ad. sk. Sarawak, Sept. 20 (A. Everett). Hume Coll. 
r'} $'. d 2 ad. sk-Philippines. Cuming Coll. 
if. S ad.; u\ $ Luzon, Jan. (A. B. Meyer). Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. 
v'. 2 ad.; w'. d Manila (Maitland-Heriot). Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. 
x'. 2 ad. sk. Manila. 

Gould Coll. 

y\ z\ 2 ad. sk. Cebu, March (Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
a", b". tf ad.; Placer, March, July {Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
c". 2 ad. sk. 
d"} e". cS ad.$ Negros. Steere Coll. 
/'. 2 ad. sk. 

CAPRIMtTL0IDJS. 

Family CAPRIMULGIDiE. 

(By EENST HABTEBT.) 

The Goatsuckers have always ten primaries and ten rectrices. 
Spinal feather-tract well denned on the neck, but forked on the 
upper back. Peathers with a small hut well-defined aftershaft. 
No powder-down patches in the Caprimulginw, but large patches in 
the Nyctihiince. dumber of phalanges reduced to four in outer toe, 
and claw of middle toe peculiarly pectinated in the Caprimulgince. 
The mouth is split very far, the gape very wide. The palate is 
schizognathous. 

In their habits the Goatsuckers are crepuscular or nocturnal, and 
they have the very soft plumage • of almost all nocturnal birds. 
Their food consists entirely of insects, which they generally catch on 
the wing. Northern species wander to the south in autumn. The 
species of this family are, as a rule, very variable in coloration; 
most of them have highly protective colours, and they often vary 
according to the soil and surroundings of the localities which they 
frequent. 

None of the species make a nest, the two eggs are deposited on 
the ground. The eggs are coloured and mostly, though not always, 
protectively. 

Young hatched helpless, but covered with down. 

Range. The family ranges over most parts of the world, except 
the Arctic and Antarctic regions, and seems to be absent from the 
Eastern Pacific Islands. It is most developed in tropical countries. 

Synopsis of the Subfamilies. 

A. 
Number of phalanges reduced to four in 
outer toe, claw of middle toe pectinated; ^ ITt^vlljrrrr. J& JrJv 
no powder-down patches I. CAPBIMULGINJE, 

B. 
Number of phalanges in outer toe normal, 
claw of middle toe not pectinated; large 
patches of powder-down on the sides of 
the body and on the breast; tarsus exsho:
ter.!ha^any.?f

sr£^^ 
ii. NYCTIBIIN[I: m* 

Subfamily I. CAPRIMULGINiE. 

Key to the Genera. 

A. Bictus armed with strong bristles. 
a. No greatly elongated central or lateral 
rectrices. 
a'. No greatly elongated wmg-teatner. 
a". 
Wing equally formed in both sexes, 
quite normal. 


CA.PRIMTTLGID.a3. 

a"'. Tarsus more or less feathered in 
front, shorter than middle toe 
with claw. 

aK Tail more or less rounded. 
a\ No tufts of elongated feathers 
on the occiput. 

a*. Head with distinct longitudinal, 
or at least without 
cross markings ... . 1. 

h6. Head with distinct crobs 
markings 2. 
b5. Erectile tufts of elongated 
feathers on the occiput .. 3. 
6K Tail equal or emarginate ... . 4. 
b'". Tarsus entirely bare, as long as 
or longer than middle toe. 

cK Bill behind the nostrils not so 
broad as the length of the culmen; 
nostrils not very prominent 
5. 

dv 

. Bill behind the nostrils as 
broad as the length of the culmen 
; tubular nostrils very 
conspicuously prominent .. 6, 

V'. Wing normal in the female, but 
abnormal in the male, the first six 
primaries being equal in length, 
the seventh, eighth, and ninth 
longest, nearly or quite half an 
inch lunger than the first 7. 

b'. Male with an enormouJy elongated 
wing-feather. 

c". First primary shorter than the 
second; the ninth primary of the 
male enormously elongated, its 
shaft bare 8. 

d". Fiist primary longer than the 
second; seventh and eighth distinctly, 
ninth enormously elongated 
in the male, shafts never bare. 0. 

b. Some of the rectrices greatly elongated. 
c'. 
Central pair of rectrices greatly elongated; 
rectrices decreasing in length 
to the lateral ones, lateral pair 
shortest. 10. 

(T. Central and lateral pair of rectrices 
elongated, the pair next to the 
central shortest 11. 
e'. 
Lateral pair of rectrices enormously 
elongated; rectrices decreasing in 
length to the middle, central pair 
shortest 12. 

B. Rictus without conspicuous bristles. 
c. Tail distinctly longer than half the wing. 
f. 
Tail rounded, outer pair of rectrices 
shortest. 
e\ 
Some feathers on the sides of the 
occiput elongated, forming ear-
tufts ; wing much pointed...... 13. 

CAPRIMULGUSS, p. 521. 
"p. 579. 
PHAL^NOPTILTCTb, 

OTOPHANKS, p. 581. 

STENOPSIS, p. 582. 

XYCTIDROMUS, p. 587. 

SlPHONORHIK, p. 59 L 

[JK 592. 
IIBLEOTHREPTUS, 

"p. 594. 
31A C RODIPTER YX, 

COMIETORXI&, p. 595. 

SCOTOENIS, p. 596. 

HYDROPSALLS, p. 598. 

MACROPSALIS, p. 001. 

LYNCOBNLS, p. 003. 

1 . CAPRIMXTLGTJS. 
521 

/" . No elongated feathers on the occiput 
; wing more rounded » 14. EUBOSTOPUS, p. 607. 
g\ Tail emarginate, outer pair of rec


trices longest. 
g". First primary longer than second. 15. CHOBDEILES, p. 600. 
h". First primary shorter than second. 16. NYCTIPBOGNE, p. 619. 

d. Tail about half as long as the wing or 
shorter. 
h'. Tarsus longer than middle toe without 
claw, entirely bare ; abdomen 
white ". 17. PODAGEB, p. 619. 

i'. 
Tarsus shorter than middle toe without 
claw, partly feathered in front ; 
abdomen rufous 18. LUBOCALIS, p. 621. 

1. CAPKIMULGUS. 
Type. 
Capiimulgus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 193 (1758).. 0. europseus. 
Nyetichelidon, Reimie, Mont. Orn. Diet. p. 335 (1831) C. europseus. 
Antrostornus, Natt. Man. Ornith. U, S. ed. ii. p. 739 

(1840) 
C. carolinensis. 

The rictus of all the species of this genus is beset with strong 
bristles, which in some are extremely long. The wing is rather long 
and pointed, first primary generally much shorter than second and 
third, which are longest; the tail more or less rounded; the tarsus 
more or less feathered in front or almost bare. The sexes are easily 
distinguishable in most of the species, the male having white patches 
on the primaries and outer rectrices, which are absent in the female. 
In several species, however, there is no marked difference between the 
sexes. The first plumage after the downy stage is mostly more or 
less similar to that of the adult female, but in several species the 
markings of the sexes, when adult, are already present in the first 
plumage. The American species cannot be separated genorically. 

Range. The same as that of the family. 

Key to the Species *. 

A. 
Both webs of primaries entirely uniform in 
colour. 
a. Wing more than 6 inches in length concretus, p. 576. 
b. Wing less than 6 inches in length nigrescem §, p. 572. 
B. 
Inner webs of primaries uniform, outer webs 
spotted. 
e. Clearly defined buff crescent round the hind 
neck, round black spots on the crown enarratus, p. 577. 
d. Without distinct buff crescent round the 
hind neck. ^ [p. 567. 
a', Tail more than 5 inches in length serkeocaudatus, 
b'. Tail less than 5 inches in length. 

a". Top of the head distinctly spotted with 

rufous j abdomen barred. 
a'". Tail without white markings Unotatus, p. 576. 
bm. Large white tips to the rectrices, 

increasing in size to the middle.... saturatiis, p. 572. 

* C. pidchellus (see p. 579) seems to be somewhat similar to O. concretus, but 
has a white patch on the primaries. I have not seen this species. 
CAPKIMUXGID-2B. 

b". Top of the head not distinctly spotted 
with rufous: abdomen with round 
white spots ocellatus, p. 578. 

C. Inner webs of primaries not unitbrm in colour. 
e. 
Inner webs of primaries largely toothed with 
pure white « .^..... -mjijpiim, p. 562. 
/ . Inner webs of primaries with one white spot 
in the middle, rectrices with more jr le^s 
white. 


<?'. Outer pair of rectrices white on both 
webs (mostly w ith exception of the bas&l 
portion). 


c". Distinct round sput-s of buff on the 
breast nutalen$i$ J 9 p. 504. 
d". Spots on the breast indistinct or irregularly 
shaped. 
c'". Upper surface with very dininct and 
obvious longitudinal black streak-*.. ^/liocephalas^ p, 5Jtf. 

(Ttf. Upper surface without ub\inu.H l<»ngitudinal 
black ^treak*, niuttlii j -turn 
and irregular. 


a4. Wing more than 7 inches In length, month via ^, p, *J47. 
£l. Wing le-« than 7 in *«• •*. 

a5. Lowest part of abdomen and 
under tail-eoveiU uniform in 
colour .... ... fifiam s, p. r>|<J, 

R 
Lower abdomen and lower tail-
coverts barred .............. (jri#etitw<*, p, 550. 
<$'. Outer pair of rectrices with the outer web Lpp. 531, 55:?, 
white /</#*« J and elanm <J, 
<?'. Distinct white spots on some of the rec-
trice«. 
d\ Without white on the throat ,. inornatus <J, f. 550. 

f. 
With more or less white on the throat. 
e". Outermost pair of rectrices without 
white. 
el. White on the following pairs confined 
to the inner weln tthitefyi tf, p. 373. 
d%. White on the Ml iwinj p»iir^ not 
confined to the inner WHJ-. ..... nigreAcmsd, p. 572, 
f". Outermost pair of recti ice* td-o with 
white. 
e%. Spots to outer reetiieps distinctly 
less than one inch in extent, and 
more or less distinctly subtermiiial [pp. 532, 5*15. 

cK Tarsus feathered in front jotaka <J anil alii***, 
d'\ Tarsus bare on lower half ... . *phukma <f ,p. 515* 

fK Spots to outer rectrices terminal 
but narrow, less than half an inch 
in extent. 


e5. Inner webs of lateral rectrices [p. 575* 
with round white spots ..... . nmculicmidmd* 
f5. No white spots to the inner webs 
of the lateral rectrices. ..„,.. . parmtfutg, p. 574. 
g4-. Spots terminal and more than half 
an inch in extent 

1 . CAPKIMULOTS. 
. Scapulars obviously different 
from the back and rump by their 
dark centres and broad burl or 
rufous margins. 
a6. Obvious and broad collar round 
the hind neck. 
a7. Wing- more than 7 inches in 
lengthb7. Wing less than 7 inches in 
length. 
aH. Of a desert-like sandy-
buff colour. 
a*, "White patch on first 
primary larger, reaching 
the shaft

P. 
White patch on first 
primary smaller, not 
extending to the shaft,
¥. Blackish above• collar 
obvious on the upper 
surface only

c8. Brown above; collar distinct 
on the lower neck 
also

b6 

. No broad and obvious collar 
round the Bind neck. 
6iT. Three outer" primaries withwhite spotsd7. Four outer primaries with 
white spots. 
d8. Wing more than C*5 in. 
in length. 

cQ. Outer primaries with 
rufous spots near the 
base or on the outerwebs

d9. Outer primaries without 
distinct rufous spots 
near the base or on 
the outer webs. 

a10. Median streak of 
black spots along 
the top of the head,

b10 

. Longitudinal black 
spots over the whole 
of the top of thehead

es. Wing not more than 6-5 
inches in length. 
e9. Spot on first primary 
extending to the shaft. 

c10. White tips to outer 
rectrices less than 
1*5 inches in extent,

^10. White tips of outer 
rectrices more than 
1*5 inches in extent,

523 

ruficollis, p. 531. 

nubicus, p. 560. 
asiatims, p. 558. 
pedoralis, p. 534. 
fervidus, p. 534. 

 [allies, pp. 526-530. 
europceus $ and 

 [allies, pp. 537-540. 
maerurus $ and 

 atripennis $, p. 542. 

 [p. 543. 
andamanicus $, 
rufigena S, P« 532. 
fr&natus, p. 533. 

 CAPBIMUL&mS. 

/° . Spot on first primary 
not approaching the 
shaft. 

e10. Tail narrowly andregularly barred . .

f10 

. Tail heavier and irregularly 
barred ..

h5. Scapulars not obviously different 
iu colour from the back and 
rump. 

c6. Of a beautiful golden-buff 
colour; feathers adorned with 
bars or spots of snowy white, 
which are speckled with 
black

d&. Of a pale sandy desert-likecolour; much smalleree. Of dark blackish colour; much 
larger

g, A larger rufous-buff or whitish-buff spot in 
or near the middle of the first primary; no 
pare white in the tail. 

f. 
Well defined round spots of clear buff on 
the breast
(J. 
Spots on the breast indistinct or irregularly 
shaped. 
g". Outer pair of rectrices with outer webuniform buffh". Outer pair of rectrices barred or spotted. 
g'u. Tarsus feathered in front almost to 
the toes. 
¥. 
Abdomen distinctly barred. 
i5. Wing more than 6*5 inches in 

 [p. 535. 
madagascarie/isis $, 

manilensis, p. 544. 

euimius, p. 5(53. 

 [p. 5t>l. 
mahrattensls $, 
lentiginosus, p. 536. 

natalensis $ , p. 504. 

 "pp. 551, 552. 
fossil $ "and clarm $, 

length macrurns $, albonotatus $>, 
[iitripennis $, and cmdamanicus $>, pp. 537—548. 

k5. Wing less than 6\5 inches inlengthft. Abdomen spotted, not distinctlybarredh"\ Tarsus bare for about its lower half 
or more. 

kK With large bold and obvious longitudinal 
spots along the top of the 
head. 

I5. Outer web of first primary with 
ten or more distinct rufous spots 
on the outer edge

m5. No distinct rufous spots on outer 
web of first primaryll. No obvious longitudinal spots along 
the top of the head. 
n5. Coloration pale sandy buff, or areal desert colouro5. Darker colours prevalent. 
j*. Wing 7 inches or more.. > > *.

 [p. 535. 
madagascariensis 2, 
[pp. 552, 555. 
jotaka J and allies, 

phalcena $, p. 545. 

rufigena $, p. 532. 

 [p. 561. 
mahrattensls $ , 
monticola $, p. 547. 

1 . CAPRIMTTLGTTS. 
g*. Wing less than 7 incites. 

e7. Blackish markings on the 
crown occupying greater 
parts of the feathers

f1. Blackish markings on the 
crown narrow

h. 
First three primaries only traversed by one 
narrow bar of rufous; fourth uniform 
blackish
i. No distinctly larger spot obvious on the primaries, 
all of them traversed by mostly 
interrupted bars of rufous ; rectrices tipped 
white in male (buifin female). 
h'. Rictal bristles with lateral filaments ... .
i'. Pdctal bristles without lateral filaments. 
i". Rectrices tipped with white for less 
than half an inch; wing less than 5 
inchesh". Inner webs of lateral rectrices from 
above silky white for about half their 
length, tipped with rufous, rufous-buff 
from below ;^ wing about 7 inchesI". Lateral rectrices largely tipped with 
white in male (buff in female); wing 
more than 5 inches. 
i'". White spots on lateral rectrices decreasing 
in extent to the outer pair. 
mK Four outer rectrices tipped with 
whitew4. Three outer rectrices tipped with 
white. 
p5. White spots on rectrices larger; 
top of head longitudinally spotted 
along the middle

q5. White spots on rectrices smaller; 
top of head spotted all over ..
h'". White spots on lateral rectrices increasing 
in extent to the outer pair,

h. No white or large buff spots on any of the 
rectrices. 
h'. Rictal bristles with lateral filamentsI'. Rictal bristles without lateral filaments. 
n". General colour deep rufouso". General colour more or less pale brown.
V". Wing more than 6'5 inches in lengthm'". Wing less than 6'5 inches in length. 

o4. Rictal bristles short, not reaching 
beyond the tip of the billp\ Rictal bristles long, reaching beyond 
the tip of the bill. 
r5. First primary shorter than the 
seconds5. First primary as long as thesecond

525 

qffinis J , p. 549. 

inornatus ?, p. 556. 

whitelyi $, p. 573. 

carolinensis $; p. 565. 

yucatanicus, p. 575. 

rufus <$, p. 566. 

cubanensis, p. 571. 

vociferus, p. 568. 
macromystax, p. 570. 
salvini, p. 568. 

carolinemis $, p. 565. 

ruftis $, p. 566. 
[allies, pp. 526-530. 
eurqpcsus juv. and 

inornatus juv., p. 557. 

parvulus J > p- 574. 

 [p. 575. 
maculieaudus J, 
CAPRIMT7LGIDJE. 

1. Caprimulgus europaeus. 
Caprimulgus europseus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 193 (1758), ed. 12, 

i. p. 346 (1766) j Gm. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 1027 (1788); Bechst. Gem. 
Naturg. Deutschl. iv. p. 786 (1795); id. Orn. Taschenb. p. 2'27 
(1802); Meyer, Voy. Liv- imd Esthl. p. 144 (1815); Vieill. Nouv. 
Diet. x. p. 235 (1817); id. Enc. Meth. p. 535 (1823); Cuv.Beyne 
Anim. ed. 1817, p. 376; Forst Cat, Brit. B. p. 18 (1817); Nilss. 
Om. Suee. i. p. 288 (1817); Temm. Man. oVOrn. i. p. 436 (1820) ; 
Thienem. Foripfianz. Voy. Fur. p. 84 (1829); id. Fortpjl. yes. 
Voy. pi. xlii. fig. 19 (eggs) (1854) ; Naum. Voy. JDeutschl. p. 141, 
pi. 148 (1833); Gould, B. Fur. ii. pi. 51 (1837) ; Zander, Voy. 
Mecklenb. p. 185 (1838) ; Nitzseh, Pterylogr. p. 124 (1840); Keys, 
fy Bias. Wirb. Fur. pp. xxxiii & 146 (1840); Miihle, Orn. Griech. 
p. 28 (1844); Smith, III. Zool. S. Afr. B pi. 102 ^1845) ; Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 59 (1850); A. F. Brehm, J.f.O. 1853, p. 452 (X.O.A£
t\); Heugl. Ibis, 1859, p. 339 (Red Sea); Powys, Ibis, 1860, 
p. 236 (Ionian Is.); Linderm. Voy. Griech. p. 28 (I860); Cab. § 
Heine, Mus. Hein. ill. p. 88 (1800); Tristr. Ibis, 1362, p. 278 
(Palestine); id, P. Z. S. 1804, p. 430 (Palest.); Wriyht, Ibis, 1864, 
p. 58 (Malta); Sperling, torn. cit. p. 283; Drake, Ibis, 1807, p. 425 
(Tangier); A. C. Smith, Ibis, 1868, p. 449 (Portugal); Eoeniq-
Warth. J. f. 0. 1868, p. 3U2 (e^); Droste, J. f. O. 1809, 
p. 117 (Faeroer); Gray, Hand-L i. p. 56 (1809); HevyL Orn. 
NO.-Afr. i. p. 125 (1809); Finsch # Hartl. Voy. O.-Afr. p. 117 
(1870); Fritsch, Voq. Fur. p 81 (1870); Fhces $ Buckl. 
Ibis, 1870, p. 200; Layard, Ibis, 1870, p. 232 (Cape); Salvad. 
Faun, d'ltal, Ucc. p. 48 (1871); Shelley, B. Fyypt, p. 174 (1872); 
id. Ibis, 1875, p. ()7; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 67 (S. Spain); 
Tacz. J. f O. 1872, p. 350 (E. Siberia); id. Omis, 1888, p. 452 
(Poland); Alst. 8f H Brown, Ibis, 1873, p. 59 (Archangel); 
Gould, B. Great Brit. ii. pi. i. (1873); A. B. Brooke, Ibis, 1873, 
p. 236 (Sardin.); Wriyht, Ibis, 1874, p. 233; Danf. $ H. Broicn, 
Ibis, 1875, p. 300; Irby, B. Gibraltar, p. 62 (1875); Severtz. J. f. 
O. 1875, p. 198; id. Zeitschr. yes. Orn. 1887, p. 129 (Turkestan); 
Kr'uyer, J.f. 0.1875, p. 277 (Asia Minor); Sharpe, ed. Layard}s 
B. S. Afr. p. 83 (1875); Blanf. Fast. Persia, ii. p. 127 (1876); 
Barratt, Ibis, 1876, p. 197 (part.); Aip*es, torn. cit. p. 423; id. 
Ibis, 1884, p. 222 (Transvaal), 1886, p. 285; Danf. Ibis, 1878, p. 8 
(Asia Minor) ; Seek Ibis, 1880, p. 193 (Siberia), 1882, p. 210 
(Astrakhan), 1883, p. 22; id. Hist Brit. B. ii. p. 309 (1884); 
Dresser, B. Europe, iv. p. 621, pi. 271 (1881); Newt. ed. Yarr. 
Brit. B. ii. p. 377 (1882); Irby, Ibis, 1883, p. 179 (Santander) ; 
Badde, Orn. Caucas. p. 295 (1884); Whitehead, Bis, 1885, p. 27 
(Corsica); Sharpe, Ibis, 1886, p. 487 (Fao); Csat6, Zeitschr. yes. 
Om. 1886, p. 423 (Hungary); Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 303 (Portugal); 
Koenig, J. f. O. 1888, p. 164 (Tunis); Lilford, Ibis, 1889, p. 330 
(Cyprus); Eagle Clarke, Ibis, 1889, p. 548 ; Saunders, Man. Brit. 
B. p. 257 (1889); Hartwig, J. f. O. 1889, p. 138 (Norway) ; 
Gigl Avif. Ital i. p. 327 (1889); Gdtke, Helgoland, p. 442 (1891). 
La t£te de Chevre ou Crapaud volant, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 470, pi. 44 
(1760). 
I/Engoulevent, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 512 (1779). 
Crapaud volant, Daubent. PL Enl 193 (1783). 
Hirundo caprimulgus, Tunst Orn. Brit p. 2 (1771); Pall. Zoogr. 

Bosso-Asiat i. p. 542 (1811). 
Caprimulgus punctatus, Meyer $• Wolf, Taschenb. p. 284 (1810); 
Brehm, Voy. Deutschl. p. 130 (1831) ; id. Voyelf. p. 44 (1855). 

1 . CAPEIMXTLGUS, 
527 

Caprirnulgus vulgaris, Vieill Faune Franq. i. p. 140, pi. 61. fig. 2 

(1828); Roux, Orn. Provenc. p. 240, pi. 147 (1825). 

Caprimulgus maculatus, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 131 (1831); id. 

Vogelf. p. 44 (1855). 

Nyetickelidon europseus, Bennie, Mont. Orn. Diet, p. 335 (1831). 

Caprimulgus europgeus rnaeulatus, punctatus, punctorum, foliorum, 

and peregrinus, A. E. Brehm^ Verz. Samml. XT L. Brehmpp. 3 

(1866), iesTe Dresser, I. c. 

Caprimulgus sinithii, Bp. Consp. i. p. 59 (1850) (S. Africa); Cass. 
Cat Capr.Ac. Phil p. 2 (1851); Hartl. Ibis, 1862, p. 143 (Cape) ; 
Gurney, Ibis, 1868, p. 151; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 56 (1869) ; Cab. J. 

J. f. 0. 1878, p. 236 (E. Afr.); Beichen. J. f. 0. 1887, p. 61 
(Nyanza). 
Caprimulgus capensis, Verr. MS., teste Cass. Cat. Cam. Ac. Phil. 

p. 2 (1851). 
Adult male. Upper parts dark ashy grey, richly vermieulated with 
blackish brown; centre of the crown with broad longitudinal 
brownish-black streaks ; some dull ochracoous-buff streaks on the 
nape; scapulars longitudinally streaked with blackish and ochraceous 
buff; back and rump with blackish shaft-stripes ; most of 
the upper wing-coverts with ochraceous-buff spots; primaries blackish 
brown with rufous-buff spots on both webs, the first three with a 
large rounded white spot towards the terminal half of the inner 
web ; two outer rectrices on each side white for more than one 
inch of their terminal portion; throat blackish brown, with many 
narrow rufous-buff bars and very large whitish spots; breast resembling 
the upper parts; abdomen oehraceous buff barred with blackish 
brown; under wing-coverts and under tail-coverts like the abdomen, 
but rather more rusty and the bars less numerous. Total length 
about 10*5 inches, wing 7*8, tail 5-5, tarsus 0*75, feathered in 
front except on the lowest part. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, except that the white spots on 
the primaries are replaced by smaller ochraceous-buff spots slightly 
speckled with dark brown. 

Young in the first year are duller: the males are then much like 
the old females in wanting the white spots on the outer rectrices, and 
the white spots on the primaries being replaced by pale ochraceousbuff 
ones. The female in this plumage is more rusty than the male. 

Young ivJien hatched covered with grey down, darker above and a 
little paler below. 

Hal. Europe generally to about lat. 63° and south-western parts 
of Siberia, Asia Minor, and Caucasus, becoming paler in the southeastern 
parts, and meeting in Eastern Persia with a different paler 
and smaller form. It probably does not breed south of the Mediterranean, 
as the statement that it breeds in Morocco requires confirmation. 
It passes through North Africa in great numbers, and is 
common in South Africa during the winter. 

The South-African so-called C. smithi, which was for a long time 
thought to be a distinct species, is nothing but C. europmus. 
There is a specimen in the Gould Collection said to be from Eokien 
in China. It belongs to the dark form. 

528 

a. (S ad. sk. 
b, o. (S $ ad. sk. 
d. $ irnm. sk. 
e. 2 ad. sk. 
f. Imm. sk. 
^. Pall. sk. 
^, £. cJ 2 a(*-s^A;, 
/. cT ad. et 
imm. sk. 

?w« 2 a<i-s^


72. c? ad.sk. 
o. cS ad. sk. 
p. 2 ad. sk. 
2, r. c? 2 immsk. 


5. 2 ad. s^25. 
$ ad. sk. 
M, Imm. sk. 
v,w. (S ad. sk. 

x. 
$ ad. sk. 
y. $ ad. sk. 
a,«', b'. 2 ad. et 
imm. sk. 

o\ d'. <$ imm. sk. 

<?', Z7. J ad. sk. 

/ . c? ad. sk. 

h'-l'. Ad. et imm. 

sk. 
m'. Imm. sk. 
%', <J imm. sk. 

o'. <$ ad. sk. 

p'. (S ad. sk. 

q'. 2 imm. sk. 
r\ c? ad. sk. 
*'. Pull.sk. 
£'. tf ad. sk. 

«'. 2 a(3-s^


v'. 2 a<^' sk. 

CAPRIMTTLGIDJS. 

England. 
Cambridge. 
Cookharu, Berks. 
Colgate, Sussex, July. 
Romney, Kent. 
Hampshire, Aug. 15. 
Avimjton, Hants, May 17. 
Devonshire. 


Cork, Aug. 21. 


Werruland, Sweden, June 6. 
Valencia, Spain (J3T. Saunders).
Seville, Spain, May (H. 
Saunders). 

Constantinople, Oct. 20. 

North Africa. 
Morocco (Olcese). 
Ben Moussar, Algeria 

(Loche). 

Dongola, Sept, 
Bogos-land. 


Mamboio, East Africa (Sir 

J. Kirk). 
Cape Colony. 

Xnysna, Feb. (C. J. Andersson). 


Kingwilliamstown. 

Grahamstown (T. C. At-
more).

S.E. Africa. 
Durban, Natal (G.JS. &). 
Pinetown, Natal, NOT. 21 

(T.Z.Ayres).

Potchefstroom, Transvaal, 
Jan. 16 (T.Ayres). 
Rustenberg District, Nov. 

11 (T.Ayres). 
Macamac, Jan. 10 (T.Ayres). 
Palestine. 

Syria. 
Syr Daria. May 12. 
Petroalexandrowsk, Sept. 


16. 
[FoHen, China.] 
Hume Coll. 
Mr. Baker f C. 1. 
SharpeColl. " 


Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Montagu Coll. 


J. 
E. Hartino- Esq. 
"P.1. 
W: Aleves X1.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Sharpe Coll. 

Purchased. 
Tweeddale Cull. 
Shelley Cull. 

F. Bohndorff [C.\ 
T. Efcler'C.l." J 
Shelley Coli; 
Sharpe Coll. 

Sharpe Coil. 

Major Trevelyau 

SharpeColl. 

J. Rocke, Esq. [P.], 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 


Shelley Coll. 


Gurney Coll. 


Gurney Coll, 
Dr.SelahMerrill[P.]. 
Purchased. 
Dr. Seyertzoif [C], 
Dr. Severtzoff LC.J. 


Gould Coll. 


Subsp. a. Caprimulgtis unwini. 

Caprimulgus imwini, Hume, Ibis, 1871, p. 406 (Hazara Distr.) ; id. 
Stray Feath. iii. p. 407 (1875), vii. p. 175 (1878; Sirtdh); Cock 
8r Marsh. Stray Feath. I p. 350 (1873); Blanf. Ibis, 1877, p. 249; 

1. CAPEIMTJLGTJP. 
529 

Barnes, Stray Feath ix. pp. 215, 453 (1880; Afghanistan); Biddidph, 
Ibis, 1881, p. 48 (Gilgit); Scully, t. c. p. 428; C. Swinh 
Ibis, 1882, p. 101; Bidd. Ibis, 1882, p. 270; St. John, Ibis, 1889, 

p. 156; Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) Zool. v. pt. 3, p. 83 (1889; 
Khusan); Oates, ed. Hume's Nests & Bogs Ind. B. iii. p. 47 
(1890). 
Caprimulgus pallidas, Severtz.J.f. 0.1875, pp. 179,198 (Turkestan). 
Caprimulgua pallens, Dresser, Ibis, 1870, p. 189, 
Caprimulgus europaeus, Scully {nee L.), J.A.S. Bang. Ivi. p. 77 (1887). 

This is a paler and somewhat smaller form of 0. europceus, apparently 
adapted to drier countries. It is of a beautiful sandy and 
silvery pale tint, and the wings are only 6'8 to 7 inches in length. 
The specimens are quite distinct in appearance from Scandinavian, 
English, or German specimens of C. europceus; but they are somewhat 
variable in colour and also in size. Those from the Northern 
Punjab, from whence Hume's type came, have generally longer 
wings and are less sandy in colour than those that appear in Sindh 
during the winter. They agree entirely with typical specimens of 
Sevcrtzoff's C. pallidas from Turkestan, and also with some specimens 
from Eastern Persia and Afghanistan. They often closely 
approach the European C. europceus, which is more constant in its 
coloration. The shape of the white spots on the primaries is variable 
and does not give a constant differential character. As it is impossible 
to draw an exact line between the two forms, I think it best 
to treat them as subspeciflc forms only, though the extremes differ 
considerably. 

Hah. Persia, Afghanistan, the Northern Punjab and Turkestan 
to the River Oxus, and fnrther east into Central Asia. (Exact 
limits in the East unknown.) 

a. $ ad. sk. 
b. $ ad. sk. 
Fao, Persian Gulf. 
Oak-forest near Shiraz, 
W. D. Gumming, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Sir 0. St. John [0.]. 
June. 
c. (S ad. sk. 
d. $ ad. sk. 
Bam, S.E. Persia. 
R. Borotala, Turkestan, 
W.T.Blanford,Esq. 
[0.]. 
Dr. Severtzoff[C.]. 
e. $ ad. sk. 
/iff. d2 ad. sk. 
h-n. <$ $ ad. sk. 
Aug. 18. 
Khusan, Hari-rud, May 12. 
Chaman, S. Afghanistan, 
June 7 {H. Barnes). 
Gilgit, June, July (J. Bid-
Dr.Aitchison [C.]. 
Hume Coll, 
Plume Coll. 
o.
p, 
2 &&< skq. 
<$ ad. sk. 
dulph). 
Murree, May 10. 
Agrore Valley, June 13. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 
r. 5 juv« gk. 
s. $ imm. sk. 
t. $ ad. sk. 
Sirza district. 
Meepur, Sind, May 10. 
Karachi, Sind (I)r. IL 
Plume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 
Gould). 
u-a\ S ad. et 2 Hydrabad, Sind, Sept., Hume Coll. 
imm. sk. 
b'. $ imm. sk. 
Oct. (E. A. Butler). 
Etawah. Hume Coll. 
VOL. XVI. 2 M 

CAFRIMfLOIDJE. 

530 

Subsp. /3. Caprimulgixs plumipes. 

Caprimnlgus segyptius, Scully {nee Liclit.), Stray F. iv. p. 133 (1S76; 
Turkestan); Sharpe, Sci Results Yarh. Miss,, Axes. p. 113 (part.) 
(1891). 
Caprimnlgus plumipes, Frjemlski in Roideifs Orn. Misc. ii. p. 1^8 
(1877; Hoaug-ko JR., S. Mongolia); id. Ibis, 1877, p. 243. 

Above rufous-isabelline, finely vermioulated with deep brown and 
streaked with brownish black ; an indistinct buff nuchal collar; 
scapulars darker and more rufous, broadly pale buff on the outer 
webs ; on the wing a rufous-brown transverse bar and some series 
of largo buff terminal spots to the wing-coverts; primaries deep 
brown; inner webs traversed by broad pale rufous bars quite or 
almost extending to the shafts, outer webs with pale rufous, a 
broad white band across the first three ; central tail-feathers same 
colour as the upper parts, crossed by irregular narrow blackish bars 
varying in number; lateral tail-feathers rufous-buff, variegated and 
barred with deep blackish brown, and with broad white tips, about 
l-o inch iu length, to the two outer ones; lower parts pale rufous-
buff, sandy buff, or almost isabelline, with a large patch of white on 
the throat, dark mottled and barred, being much darker and varied 

with pale terminal spots on the breast, becoming more or less uniform 
on the lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts; under wing-coverts 
like the abdomen. Total length about 10*5 inches, wing 7*4 to 7*5, 
tail 5*5, tarsus 0*62. 

Female, Has the patch on the throat, the patch on the primaries, 
and the tips to the outer rectrices not white, but rufous-buff or 
buff. 

The very broad and distinct rufous bands on the primaries, the 
rufous-buff to sandy-rufous colour, and the somewhat narrower 
streaks on the head are characteristic of this rare form. 

The description is taken from one of the typical specimens collected 
by Prjcvalski, and two similar ones from Turkestan in the St. Petersburg 
Museum. If these specimens be compared only with typical 
ones of G. europ>&us and G. tmtvini, they seem to be conspicuously 
different from either; but on an examination of a large series of 
those allied forms, some specimens were found that are almost 
intermediate between G. unwini and G. plumipes, while certain 
specimens of G. eurojxms incline somewhat to G. plumipes in colour. 
A skin of (7. europwus from South Africa indeed closely resembles 

G. plumipes, and one of SevertzofFs specimens from Turkestan also 
approaches the latter species. This Central-Asiatic form must 
therefore also be considered a subspecies of C. europau*. The 
specimens from Yarkand and Kandahar are exactly similar to the 
typical ones from Mongolia. 
Hah. Central Asia, from Mongolia throughout Turkestan to 

Afghanistan. 
a. $ ad. sk5. $ ad. sk. 
Ijitku, Dolan Distr., 30 miles from Yarkand, 
July 28 (/. Scully). 
Kandahar, May 8 (Sir 0. St John). 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

1 . CAPHl^ ULGTTS. 
531 

2. Caprimiilgus ruficollis. 
Caprimulgus ruficollis, 
Temm. Man. d'Orn. i. p. 438(1820); Meyer, 
Zusatze z. Taschenb. p. Il l (1822); Thienem. Fortpfl. Vdg. Eur. 

p. 85 (1829); Gould, B. Eur. ii. pi. 52 (1837); Webb $ Berth. 
Orn. Canar. p. 24 (1830-44); Keys. $ Bias. Wirb. Eur. p. 33 (1840); 
Schley. Rev. Crit. p. 20 (1844); Gray, List Spec. Fissirostr. Brit. Mus. 
p. 6 (1848); Blyth, Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 83 (1849); Bp. Consp. 
i. p. 59 (1850) ; Cass. Cat. Caprim. Mus. Phil. p. 2(1851) ; Brehm. 
Voyelf. p. 44 (1855); Miill. J. f. 0. 1856, p. 226 (Marseilles) \ 
T7iie?iem. Forfpjlanz. yes. Vog. pi. xlii. fig. 16 (eggs) (1854); Bolle, 
J. f. O. 1854, p. 461, 1867, p. 323; Tristr. Ibis, I860, p. 374 
(xllgeria); Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hein. iii. p. 89 (1860) ; Ha?icock, 
Ibis, 1862, p. 39 (England); Wright, Ibis, 1864, p. 58, 1865, p. 464, 
(Malta); Lilforcl, Ibis, 1866, p. 180; Drake, Ibis, 1867, p. 425 
(Tangier,); Loche, Evpl. Sci Alyer., Ois. ii. p. 104 (1867); A. C. 
Smith, Ibis, 1808, p. 449 ; Koeniq- Warth J. f. 0.1868, p. 365 (egg); 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 56 (1869); Fritsch, Voq. Eur. p. 82, tab. 13.fig.2 
(1870); Saluad. Faun. Ital, Ucc. p. 48 (1871); Saunders, Ibis, 1871, 
p. 07 (Spain); id. Man. Brit. B. p. 259 (1889) ; J. H. Gurnet/, Ibis, 
1871, p. 73 (Algeria) ; Godm. Ibis, 1872, p. 169; Gould, Bl Great 
Brit. ii. pi. 2 (1873); Irby, Gibraltar, p. 62 (1875); Dresser, B. 
Europe, iv. p. 633, pi. 273 (1881); B.O. U. List Br. B. p. 75(1883); 
Newton, ed. Yarr. Br. B. ii. p. 386; Seeb. Mist. Brit. B. ii. p. 317 
(1884); Tail, Ibis, 1887, p. 303 (Portugal); Gigl. Avif. Ital. i. 
p. 330 (1889). 
Caprimulgus rufitorquis, Vieill. Enc. Meth., Orn. p. 546 (1823). 
Caprimulgus rufitorquatus, Vieill Faun. Frang. p. 142, pi. 62 (1828); 
Bona, Orn. Prov. p. 242, pi. 147 (1825) .# 
Caprimulgus torquatus, Brehm, Naumannia, 1855, p. 270. 
Caprimulgus ruficollis, latirostris, brachyurus, and macrourus, A. E. 

Brehm, Verz. Samml. C. I. Brehm, p. 3 (1866) (teste Dresser). 

Adult male. Above sandy grey, along the crown longitudinal 
black spots bordered with, rufous-buff; a chestnut-buff sometimes 
nearly golden collar round the neck, varied with longitudinal black 
streaks on the hind neck, with dark bars on the fore neck, and deep 
black spots on the sides of the neck, the collar more pronounced 
above ; black and buff longitudinal spots on the scapulars, some 
blackish ones along the back and rump; quills deep brown, with 
chestnut spots and bars ; large white spots on the inner webs of 
the first three and often an indication of it on the fourth; upper 
wing-coverts with beautiful buff spots ; two or three outer rectrices 
white on the tips for an inch to an inch and a half; below two 
large white spots on the throat, often connected with each other; 
abdomen buff, barred with brown; under wing-coverts the same ; 
under tail-coverts nearly or quite uniform. Total length about 
12 inches, wing 8 to 8*3, tail 6*7, tarsus 0*7, feathered in front for 
about the upper third, culmen 0*5. 

Female. The female, unlike most of the other species of Caprinmlgus, 
does not differ from the male, but has also the white tips 
to the rectrices and primaries. 

Young. Altogether much paler, the blackish markings less pure, 
white spots on the tail and wings not so well marked. 

2u2 

CAPKIMULGTDJG. 

In Tunis and Algeria beautiful pale, very isabellme ana rufous-
shaded varieties occur, while darker-coloured specimens also come 
from the same countries. Probably these paler birds inhabit more 
desert-like localities, but similarly pale varieties seem to occur m all 
countries where the species is found. ^ 

Hub Western parts of North Africa, Tunis, Algeria, Morocco, 
South-west Europe, Southern Spain and Portugal. Several times 
observed in Malta, is a rare straggler in Southern France, and has 
once been recorded as being shot in England. It has also been 
recorded from the Canaries, although recent ornithologists have not 
found it there. It is also stated by Canon Tristram that he saw a 
skin in Palestine, but its occurrence in that country requires confirmation. 
It is said to be a migrant, its winter-quarters being 

unknown. 
a. Pull. sk. 
b,c. <5 2 acL s1*d. 
$ ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk. 
/ . § imm. sk. 
g, h. <$ ? ad. sk. 
i. $ ad. sk. 
Tunis. 
Ben Moussar, Algeria 
(Locke). 
Tangiers (Favier). 
Tangiers (Olcese). 
Granada, Spain, Aug. (H. 
Saunders). 
Senile, May 8 {II. Saunders). 
Pinares de Corin, May 10 
(H. Saunders). 
L. Fraser [0.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

3. Caprimulgus nifigena. 
Caprimulgus rufigena, Smithy III. Zool. S. Afr., Birds, pi. 100(1845) ; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 60 (1850); Cass. Cat. Caprim. Ac. Philad. p. 3 
(1851); Hartl. J.f. 0.1853, p. 396 ; id. Orn. W.-Afr.^. 22 (1857); 
Gray, Iland-l. i. p. 56 (1869) ; Ayres, Ibis, 1869, p. 289 ; Gurney 
in Anderss. B. Damara-Ld, p. 44 (1872); Buckley, Ibis, 1874, 

p. 362 (Matabele); Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 85 (1875) ; 
Socage, J. f 0. 187C, p. 408; Ayres, Ibis, 1876, p. 424; Gurney, 
Ibis, IS77, p. 341 (Transvaal); Bocage, Jorn. Lisb. 1878, p. 266; 
id. Orn. Angola, p. 154 (1881); Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 377 
(1882); Symonds, Ibis, 1887, p. 327 (Orange Free State). 
Caprimulgus damarenws, Strickl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 143 (Damara); 
Chapm. Trav. S. Afr, App. p. 410 (1868); Salvin, Cat. Striekl. 
Coll. p. 377, note (1882). 

Caprimulgus europseus, Barratt, Ibis, 1876, p. 197 (part.; Marico). 

Adult male. Much smaller than C. europceus; primaries deep 
blackish brown ; the first four (not three only, as in C. europceus) 
with very large white spots, on the inner web of the first 
and on both webs of the following three; the smaller under wing-
coverts are less, the greater not at all, barred with dark brown : a 
rather narrow orange-buff collar on the hind neck; the wing-coverts 
are adorned with orange-buff spots, two outer rectrices on each side 
with veiy broad white tips. Total length about 9-5 inches, 
wing 64, tail 4*7, tarsus 0*7, feathered for nearly the upper half, 
culmen 0*4. 

1 . CAPKIMTILGTTS. 
Adult female. In general appearance similar to the male, but 
without white tips to the tail-feathers, and the spots on the primaries 
not white but orange-buff. Size similar to that of the male. 

Young birds are paler; the collar on the hind neck is not so well 
defined. Young males resemble the females in wanting the white 
spots on the primaries and rectriees. 

Hob. South Africa south of the Zambesi and Ondonga. 

d. 
$ ad. sk. 
e. lmm. sk. 
/, g. <S ad. sk. 
h* 6> i}k- ?ad. 

I 
? ad. sk. 

m. J ad. sk. 
n. 
$ • o. $ ad. 
sk. 
p. $ ad. sk. 
q. <$ J r7 s-S *>&sk. 


ad*s^


t. 
ad. st. 

y. 
<$ imm. sk. 
£, a'. <3 ad. sk.

Elephant Vley, Damaralaud, 
Nov. (C. J. Andersson). 


Okainaia, Damara-land, 

Jane (C.J. A.}. 
Otjoro, Nov. 29 (C.J. A.). 
Ondonga, Oct. (C.J. A.).' 
Otjimbinque, Jan. (C. J. 

A.). 
Daniara-land (C.J.A.). 
JMesilikatze's Country (E. 

L. 
Layard). 
Serookwe River, Sept., Oct. 

(F. Gates). 
Bamangwato, Oct. 13 (T. 
E. Buckley). 
Rustenburg. Sept., Nov. 

(T.Ayres). 

Lydenburg, Jan. 18. 
Potchefstroom, Nov.-Jan. 

(T.Ayres). 

Marico. 

 Cape of G-ood Hope. 

Sharpe Ooll. 

Sharpe Coll. 

Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Ooll. 

W.E.&O.G.Oatea, 
Esqrs. [P.]. 
Shelley Coll. 

Shelley Coll. 

T, Ayres, Esq. [C.]. 
Carney & Shelley 
Colls. 

F. A. Barratt, Esq. 
[C.]. 
Sir A. Smith [C.]. 

4. Caprimulgus frsenatus. 
Capriinulgus fraenatns, 
Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1884, p. 118 
(Shoa) ; id. op. cit. xxix. p. 226 (1888). 

Closely allied to Q. mifigena, but distinguishable by the groat 
extent of the white tips to the outer rectriees, these being 1*8 
inches in length, whereas in C. rufigena they are only about 1 inch 
long. Besides this the black spots on the crown are larger, the 
back has a more barred appearance, and the scapulars have larger 
buff spots. The female differs from the male as in C. rufigena, 
viz., in the outer rectriees not being tipped with white and the 
spots on the primaries being orange-buff instead of white. Total 
length about 9*5 inches, wing 6*3 to 6*8, tail 4*6 to 4*9. (Described 
from the types.) 

A specimen collected by Mr. E. J. Jackson at Machakos is a 
little smaller. 

Hob. Shoa, south to Ukambani. 

534 
CAPRIMT7LGIDJK 

5. Caprimtdgus fervi&ns. 
Caprimulgus pectoralis, Strickl. fy Scl (nee Cuv.) Contr. Orn. 1852, 
p. 143 ; Qurney in Anderss. B. Damara-Ld. p. 45 (1872) ; Socage, 
Jorn. Lisb. 1878, p. 152. 
Caprimulgus fervidns, Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 86 (1875) ; 
Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll p. 378 (1882). 
Caprimulgus 
shelleyi, Socage, Jorn. Ac. Zisboa, 1878, p. 26G 
(Angola) ; id. Orn. Angola, p. 543 (1881). 

Adult. Allied to C. vujigena, but distinguishable by its uniform 
clear golden-buff cheeks, which in C. nifigena are streaked black and 
rufous, by the white splits on the primaries being much smaller, and 
the collar on the neck more golden buff and broader and extending 
over the sides of the neck and the fore neck. In one specimen the 
golden-buff colour pervades the greater part of the head and is 
spread over the whole of the breast. Size similar to that of 


C. rufigena. 
Unless the specimens are wrongly sexed, the white spots on the 

primaries and outer rectriees are present in both sexes. Total 

length about 9-5 inches, wing 6'6, tail 4*8, tarsus 0*7, upper part 

feathered in front. 

The four specimens before me from Damara-land vary con


siderably. Caprimulgus shelleyi of Bocage agrees with typical 

C. fervidns in the broad golden-buff collar and small spots to the 
primaries. In one of the specimens of C. slieUeyi the ear-coverts 
are much darker, and in all the collar on the neck is darker. They 
somewhat approach the dark C. pectoralis, and may be a northern 
form of C. fervidns. More information concerning this species is 
required, but at present I think it best to unite it with C. fervid us, 
believing that larger series will confirm my views. 
Hob. Damara-land to Angola. 

a. Ad. sk. Damara-land (C. J. Andersson). Sharpe Coll. 
h. § ad. sk. Elephant Vley, Oct. 28 (Anders- Sharpe Coll. 
son). 
c. $ ad. sk. Otjoro, Nov. 30 (Andersson). Sharpe Coll. 
d. Imm. sk. Ovanrpo, Feb. 2 (C. J. A.). Sharpe Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 
e. $ ad. sk. Caconda, Angola (Anchieta). Prof. Bocage [P.]. 
/ . Ad. sk. Upper Umlaas, Natal (Gordge). Shelley Coll. 
6. Caprimulgus pectoralis. 
L'Engoulevent a collier, Levaill Ois. oVAfr. i. pL 49 (1806). 
Caprimulgus pectoralis, Cuv. Megne Anim. i. p. 376 (1817); VieilL 
Nouv. Diet, x- p. 233 (1817) ,• Gray, List Fissirostr. Brit. JMus. 

p. 7 (1848) ; id. Hand-l i. p. 56 (1869) j Bp. Consp. i. p. 60 
(1850) ; Cass. Cat. Caprim. Ac. Phil. no. 4 (1851); Cab.$ Heine, 
Mm. Hein. iii. p. 89 (1860); Koenig-Warth. J.f.O. 18G8, p 387 
(nidif.); Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 84 (1875); Salvin, Cat. 
Strickl. Coll p. 377 (1882). 
Caprimulgus 
asiaticus, Vieill. (nee Lath.) Nouv. Diet. x. p. 233 
(1817). 
Caprimulgus africanus, Steph. Gen. Zool, x. p. 157 (1817). 

1 . CAPErMTLGXTS. 
Caprimulgus atrovarius, Simdev. (Efvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Ak. Forhandl. 
1851, p. 128 ; Jffartl. Ibis, 1802, p. 143 (Cape) ; Pets. Bew. 
Novara, Vog. p. 34 (Cape ; 1805). 

Antrostomus dominicus, Bonap. Consp. i. p. 61*. 

This species also resembles somewhat 0. riifiyena in colour, but is 

as large as 0. europceus. It is, however, at once distinguishable by 

its "very^arE" coloration, especially by the very black spots on the 

upper surface, and by the white markings on the throat, which are 

not divided into two spots, one on each side, but form a broad and 

distinct white band. A golden-buff collar with paler tips across the 

hind neck. Both male and female have white spots on the first 

four primaries, the one on the first being rather small. The two 

outer rectrices on each side have a very large white termination in 

both sexes, but a little smaller in the female ; the central rectrices 

are very boldly barred with blackish. The pale spots on the upper 

wing-coverts are much mottled with greyish brown. Total length 

about 9-5 inches, wing 6-6, tail 5*2, tarsus 0*75, feathered only on 

the uppermost part. 

Hob. South Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. S. Africa. 
Purchased. 4 
b, 
c. § ad. et S. Africa. Jardine Coll. 
imm. &k. 


d. Imm. sk. S. Africa (E. L. Layard). Tweeddale Coll. 
e. $ r* ad. sk. S. Africa. Sharpe Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard). Sharpe Coll. 
g. $ ad. sk. Cape Colony {Butler). Shelley Coll 
h. $ ad. sk. Kuyana, Feb. 25 (Andersson). Sharpe Coll. 
i, k. Ad. hk. George (II Atmore). Sharpe Coll. 
/. (S ad. sk. Eland's Post, May (Atmore). Sharpe Coll. 
m. J ad. sk. Kingwilliamstown. MajorTrevelyan[P.]. 
7. Caprimiilgus malagascariensis. 
Caprimulgus madagaacariensis, Sganzin, Mem. Soc. didst, nat. Strasb. 
1840, p. 28; Bp. Consp, i. p. 00 ; Cass. Cat. Cqpr. Mus. P/iilad. 

p. 3 (1851); P. W. v. Midi J.f. 0.1855, p. 2 ; Hartl. J.f. 0. 1S60, 
p. 81; id. Vog. Madagasc. p. 53 (1877); Roch $ Netut. Ibis, 18(32, 
p. 270 ; Pollen, Nederl Tijdsohr. Dierk. p. 302 (1863); E. i\W. 
Ibis, 1803, pp. 340, 461, pi. xiii. fig. 8 (egg); A. Newt. P. Z. S. 
1805, p. 834 ; Grandid. Bev. et Mag. Zoo!. 1807, p. 353; Seldeg. # 
Pollen, Faun. Madag. ii. p. 64 (1808) ; Koenig- Warth. J.f. 0.1808, 
p. 368 (egg); Gray, Hand-l i. p. 57 (1869); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 397; Milne-Ediv. §* Grandid. Madagasc., Ois. p. 206, 
pis, lxxvii. & Ixxviii. (1879). 
Adult male. Above rather dark; scapulars banded black and 
buff; upper wing-coverts with pale rufous spots; from behind the 
ear-coverts across the throat an indistinct golden-buff collar, which 
does not extend to the upper part of the neck; two white spots on 
the throat; abdomen barred like that of C. rvfiyena and O. pectoralis; 
anal region and lower tail-coverts sometimes quite uniform, 
sometimes with some cross bars (the latter are probably less adult 

* I have examined the types of this supposed species in the Leyden Museum ; 
they are said to be from Haiti, but, in my opinion, are Q. pectoralis with wrong 
locality. 
536 
CAPRIMULGIDJ5. 

individuals); first primary with a white spot on the inner web, not 

extending to the shaft, the following three quills with white spots 

on both webs; two outer rectrices on both sides largely tipped with 

white, outer web generally spotted with brownish grey; spots on 

the throat not pure white. Total length about 9 inches, wing Q-2 

to 64, tail 4*4, tarsus 0*6, feathered in front. 

Adult female. Differs from the male in having rufous-buff spots 

to the primaries and huffish ones to the rectrices. 

Young. Young birds are in both sexes similar to the old female, 

lower tail-eoverts barred. 

This species is allied to C. nifigena and G. jpectoralis from South 

Africa. From the former it may be distinguished at a glance by 

the much smaller white spots on the primaries, and from the latter 

by the absence of the golden-buff collar on the hind neck. From 

both species it differs in the tarsus being feathered in front, whereas 

in the two species from South Africa it is feathered only on the 

uppermost part. 

Hah. All over [Madagascar. 

a, h, c. tf $ ad.; Moliambo, Madagascar. Purchased. 
$ imin. sk. 


d. 2 
sk. Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans 
Cowan [CI. 
e,f 
S ? ad. sk. Aniafana Forest, Marcb. Ilev. \Y. Deans 
Cowan [C.l 

g. <$ ad.; h. <$ Madagascar. Shelley Coll/ 
hum. sk. 
i, k, S ad. sk. Madagascar {Beans Cowan). Tweeddale Coll. 
/. J ad.; m. <$ Madagascar. Sharpe Cull. 

imm. sk. 
n Skeleton. Madagascar. Purchased. 

8. Caprinmlgus lentiginosus. 
Caprimulgus 
lentiginosus, Smith, III. ZooL S. Afr. p. 41, pi. 101 
(1845); Bp. Comp. i. p. 00 (1850); Stridd. fy Scl Contr. Orn. 
(1852), p. 143 (Damara-land); Hartl. Ibis, 1802, p. 143 (Cape); 
Bayard, B. S. Afr. p. 47 (1807); Gray, Iland-l. I p. 50 (IbOO) • 
Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 87 (1875); Gur/iey in Anderss, 

B. l)amara-Ld. p. 45 (1872) ; Ay res, Ibis, 1870, p. 283 (Transvaal) 
; Salvin, Cat. StrickL Coll p. 378 (1882). 
Caprimulgus tristigma, 
Hupp. Neue Wirbelth., Yog. p. 105 (1885; 
Abyssinia); id. Syst. Uebers. p. 14, pi. 3 (1845); Bp. Ooasp. I. 

p. 59 (1850) ; Cass. Cat. Caprim. Ac. Phil. p. 3 (1851); Brehm, 
Mabesch, no. 21 (1803); Gray, Haud-L I p. 50 (18«>9); Ileugl. 
Om. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 126 (1809); Blanf. Geol. £ ZooL Abyss. 
p. 337 (1870) j Hartert, Eat. Yogels. Mm. Smckenb. p. 120 (1891). 
Scotornis trimaculatus, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 70 (1837); Marti. 
Om. W.-Afr. p. 23 (1857). 

Adidt. Very dark above, blackish with very minute vermiculations 
and spots of a pale brownish colour and some larger ones of 
more orange-buff colour on the scapulars and hind neck, these often 
being rather concealed; quills very deep brown with dee]) ferruginous 
spots and bands, visible on the basal part only on the longest, 

1 . CA.PRIMTJLGTTS. 
537 

spread nearly over the whole feather on the smaller; the first 
primary only with some very pale spots, these also visible on the 
tips of all the quills ; the first 3 or 4 primaries with rounded white 
spots to the inner webs ; shorter primaries totally barred, longer ones 
on the ba^al part only, longest only with obsolete bars near the base; 
tail very dark, the two outer rectriees with large subterminal white 
spots, chiefly on the inner webs; two lateral white spots on the 
throat; breast blackish grey with isabelline spots; abdomen ochraceous 
buff or nearly ferruginous with blackish bars; under wing-
coverts ferruginous, the smaller barred, the longer uniform. Total 
length about 11 inches, wing 7*8, tail 5*7, tarsus 0*7. 

The specimens without white spots to the rectriees are probably 
females. 

The heavier rufous bars to the primaries, want of distinct white 
spots to the outer rectriees, indistinct white throat-spots, and paler 
colour are signs of immaturity. 

The white spots on the primaries vary in size, and sometimes 
disappear on the fourth primary. 
Hab, South Africa and Abyssinia. 

a. S ad. sk,
b. Iinm. sk. 
Rustenburg, E. Transvaal, May 27. 
Cunene River, Damara-land, June25 (Andersson). 
Gurney Coll. 
Skarpe Coll. 
c. ? ad. sk. S. Africa. Sir k. Smith [0.]. 
(Type of the species.) 

9. Caprimulgus macrurns. 
Javan Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. vii. p. 336 (1823). 

Caprimulgus macrourus, Mors/. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 142 (1821; 
Java); Jerd. III. hid. Orn. no. 24, note (1847); Myth, Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 83 (1849); id. Ibis, 1866, p. 341; Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 60 (1850); Horsf. 8? Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. i. p. 112 
(1854) ; Gray, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 154 (Dorey) ; Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. 
JSein. iii. p. 89 (1860) ; Jerd. B. Ind. p. 195 (1862); Wall. P. Z. S. 
1863, pp. 22 (Malay Archipel.), 484; Finsch, Neu-Guinea, p. 162 
(1865) ; Gould, B. Austral, ii. pi. ix.; id. Handb. B. Austral, i. 
p. 100 (1865); Kaenig-Warth. J. f. O. 1868, p. 378 (nidif.); 
Gray, Hand-l i. p. 57 (1869); Beavan, Ibis, 1869, p. 406; Walden, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 131 (Andamans); Hume, Stray F. ii. p. 469 (Tenasserim) 
(1874); id. Stray F. iii. p. 46 (1875), viii. p. 48 (1879; 
Malay Penins.), xi. p. 39 (1888; Manipnr); Salvad. Uce. Borneo, 
p. 117 (1874) ; id. Orn. Papuas. i. p. 528 (1880); A. B. Meyer, Sitzb. 
k. Ah. Wissensch. Wien, 1874, pp. 9, 210 (New Guinea); Ramsay, 
P.Z. S. 1875, pp. 113 (egg), 581 (N.E. Queensland); Hume Sf Ban-
son, Stray F vi. p. 58 (1878 ; Tenas&erim) ; Cripps, Stray F. vii. 
p. 258 (1878; Furreedpore) ; Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 493 
(1878; New Guinea); id. Ibis, 1879, p. 250 (Borneo) ; id. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 332 (Labuan); id. Ibis, 1888, p. 198 (Palawan), 1890, 
p. 22 ; Binyh. Stray F. ix. p. 150 (1880 ; Tenasserim) ; Layard, 
Ibis, 1880, p. 298 (Duke of York I.) ; Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 376; 
Aug. Midi. J. f. O. 1882, p. 403 (Salanga); Vorderm. Nat. 
Tijdschr. Nederl. Indie, 1883, p. 57; Oates, B. Burm. ii. p. 20 
(1883); id. ed. Hume's Nebts $ Fggs Ind. B. iii. p. 45 (1890); 
A. B. Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 197 (Timorlaut); 
CAPKIMULGIDJS. 

538 

Ilartert, J. f. O. 1889, p. 424 (N.W. Sumatra); Whiteh. Ibis, 
1890, p. 46 ("Borneo); Steere, Zut B. Sf Mamm. Rip. Philippines, 

p. 12(1890; Paragud). 
Capriinulgus schlegelii, Gray, Hand-l i. p. 57 (1869; Aru, New 
Guinea). 
Capriinulgus salvadorii, Sharpe, P. Z.8. 1875, p. 99, pi. xxii. fig. 1 ; 
il Ibis, 1877, p. 4 (Borneo). 

Adult male. Upper surface pale brown, finely vermiculated with 

greyish, especially on the top of the head ; centre of crown longi


tudinally streaked with brownish black; an indistinct fulvous band 

across the hind neck; back and rump marked with deep brown ; 

scapulars and wing-coverts with more or less bright buff patches, 

the former mostly velvety brownish black; first primary deep 

brown, a large white spot on the inner web and a broad white 

patch across both webs of the next three primaries, often an indica


tion of a white spot on the fifth quill; secondaries deep brown, with 

narrow interrupted rufous bars; the two outer pairs of rectrices 

largely tipped with white, these white tips varying in extent, 

generally being about 2 inches in length; chin and sides of the 

throat rufous-brown, finely barred with blackish brown ; throat 

with a very large white spot, bordered at the lower part with deep 

black; abdomen rufous-buff, barred with brown. Total length 

about 11-5 inches, wing 7*1 to 7*8 (about 7*5 on an average), tail 

o'G to 6*3, tarsus 0*7, feathered in front for almost its whole 

length. 

Adult female. Differs from the adult male in having the outer 

web of the first primary spotted with rufous, in having pale rufous 

marks on the primaries instead of wrhite ones, in the tips to the 

outer rectrices being less in extent and tinged with buff or rufous, 

speckled with brown on the tip of the outer web. 

Young. The markings are less developed in younger individuals ; 

the young male has the white patches on the primaries and rectrices 

tinged with rufous and less in extent. The nestling is covered with 

huffy down. 

This Goatsucker varies in colour to a certain extent like most of 

its congeners. While the specimens which occur from the Malay 

Peninsula to Australia may be regarded as typical forms, tho^e from 

Burmah and Assam are generally larger and paler and may be con


sidered to be intermediate between O. maerurm and G. albonotatiis. 

Some specimens from the latter countries are nearer to typical 

specimens of C. macrurus, while others approach the Western form. 

The white tips to the outer rectrices are generally longer in 

0. albonotatus, but in two examples from New Britain they are 
longer than in any specimens of 0. alhonotatus from India, being 
2-6 inches in length. Australian specimens are very small, and 
those from the Malay Archipelago are almost equally small. 
Eab. The typical form is found in Queensland* and Northern 
Australia, many of the Papuan Islands, throughout the Malay 
Archipelago, in Cochin China, Siam, the Malay Peninsula, and 
Tenasserim. Specimens from Tenasserim, Barman, Assam, and 
Manipur are more or less allied to C. alhonotatus, which, in fact, is 
merely a Western subspecies of G. macrurus. 

1 . CAPRianjLGTTS. 
At a time when very meagre materials were available for comparison, 
Dr. Sharpc separated trie small dark form from Northern Borneo 
under the name of C. saluudorii. Now, however, since large series 
from almost all localities are in the British Museum, it becomes 
obvious that it is impossible to separate the birds inhabiting North 
Borneo as a species. They belong to the well-pronounced dark insular 
forms. Some specimens are exactly similar to those from Waigiou 
and other islands. The wing measures from 7 to 7*4 inches. 

a. S ad. sk.
b, c. J ad.; d. $
ad.; e. Inini. 

f,g. 5 ad sk. 

k. S ad. sk. 
i. $ ad. sk. 
k. <S ad. sk. 
L <$ ad. sk. 

m. d ad. sk. 
n. $ ad. sk. 
o, p. d ad. sk. 
q. d ad. ; r. 
Imm. sk. 
$. Ad. sk. 
t, u. d ad. et 

imm. sk. 
v, iv. d ad. et 
imm. sk. 


x. d ad. sk. 
?/, z. d ad. sk. 
af, b'. d ad. et 
imm. sk. 
c\d\e'. <?;/', 

g\ J ad. sk 
h\ i'. Imm. sk. 
k'. d imm. sk. 
l\ m'. ? ad. sk. 

 Quail Island, NAY. Australia, 
Sept. 
Queensland (J. T. Cockerel!). 

Australia. 
New Britain, July 2. 
New Britain, Aug. 
New Britain, July. 


S.E. New Guinea (A. Goldie). 
Port Moresby. 
Bourou. 
Waigiou. 
Ai'U Islands. 

Java (Dr. Horsfidd). 
Java. 

Java. 

East Java {A. R. Wallace). 
Singapore (W. Damson). 
Malacca. 

Malacca. 


Malacca. 
Malacca. 
Malacca (JDr. Cantor}. 


n'-rr. d ad.; af—Malacca ( W. Davison). 
v'. $ ad. sk. 
w'}x'9i/. d ad.; Pulo Seban, Nov. (W. D.). 
%', a". 5 ad. sk. 

b". d ad. sk. 

c". tf ad. ;<*".$ 
ad.; e". Imm. 
sk. 

f'-i". d ad. sk. 
#'. 2 ad. sk. 
P,m". d ad.sk. 
«", on. d ? ad. 

$>\ Imm. sk.
$",/'• 6 ?ad. etimm. sk. 

Kuroo, Nov. (W. D.). 
Salangore, May, Aug. ( W. D) 

Penang (Dr. Canto?). 
Penang. 
Girbee, Tonka (J. Darling). 
Kossoum {J. Darling). 


 Tapraw (J. D). 
Poungyak (J. D). 


J.R.Elsey,Esq.[P.]. 

Salvin-Qodman Coll. 

Sbarpe Coll. 
Dr. Kubarv [C.]. 
Kev. G. Brown [0.]. 
Hr. Kleinschrnidt 


[0.1. 
Tweed dale Coll. 
Kendal Broadbent 
rc.]. 
Wallace Coll 
Wallace Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 

India Museum [P.]. 
Gould Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 


Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
India Museum [P.]. 


Tweeddale Coll. 


Pinwill Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
India Museum [P.], 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


India Museum [P.]. 
Wallace Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


CAPKIMFLGIILE. 

540 

s". d ad. sk. Tenasseiim {W. D.). Hume Coll. 
t",u".<$ 2ad.sk. Tenasserim (W. Limborg). Tweeddale Coll. 
if',w". d5ad . et Malawoon, Feb., April (W. D.). Hume Coll. 
imm.; x". d 
ad. sk. 
y"-az. g ad. sk. Merjrui, Feb., Xov. (W. D.). Hume Coll. 

b3 3 

, c. d 2 ad. Moulmein, March, XOT. (W. Hume Coll. 
sk. 
d3. d ad. sk. Attaran Paver, Dee. 9 (IF. D.). Hume Coll. 
e3~k\ d ad.; Z3. Pahpoon, Jan., Feb. {JT. B.). IInine Coll. 

2 ad. sk. 
»i3, w3. d imm. sk. Amherst, Jan., March ( W. B.)„ Hume Coll. 
o3, ?A d 2 ad. Thatone, Dec. 2 (W. D.). Hume Coll. 

sk. 
£3. § ad. sk. Myawadee, Jan. 25 ( W. D\ Heme Coll. 
r3. 2 ad. sk. Tavoy, March 14 (J. Darling). Hume Call. 
«». dad.; *'-ys-Pegu," April, May, Nov., Dec. Gates* Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 
z3-c\ d ad.; dl, Tonshoo, Feb., April, May TwewMale Cull. 
^ 2 ad.;/4. (Wardlaic Ramsay). 
Imro. sk. 
g\hK dad.; ^ Dibmghur, Assam, Sept. (J. S. Hume Coll 
A?S Z1. 2 ad. et Cripps), 
imm. sk. 
m\n%.($ 2 ad.sk Manipur, A]>ril (A. O. 12.). Ilnme CMII. 
o1,^4. d ad. et Cuchin China. M. E. Pitw rP.\ 
imm. sk. 
qK d ad. sk. Cambodia. M. Monlint T. \ 
?•*. Sternum. Burma. Oates Coll. 

(Specimens from North Borneo = O. salvadorii, Sharps) 

a, h. d 2 s^« Labuan. Sir Ilu^h Low XV . 
(Types of C. flalvafforii, Sharp*. J 

c. d ad. sk. Abai, Feb. 11. * J. Whitehead, IC*|. 
d-g. Imm.; Labuan. Ufcthw Coll. 
h. Pull. sk. 
i. d sk. Campa Campa, 14 Aug. J. Whitehead, E*q. 
h, I. d ad. sk. Sarawak (11. A. Everett). l\\e«Male Cull. 
m. d ad. sk. Brunei 11. {Bashett Smith). Lord** of tlit* Admiralty 
~I\ . 
n} o. d 2 a&-s^Bintulu. 
E\erettColl. 

Bubsp. a. Caprimnlgus albonotatns. 

Caprimulgus albonotatus, 27cA'. Jovm. As. Sac. Bent/, xi. p. "/HI 
(1842); 2?fy^, Cat B. MILS. AS. Sue. p. hti (1849); id Ifm, Nil, 

p. 341; Bp. CompA. p. GO (1K30); Jerd. B. 2nd. i. p. 194 (l*rd»; 
Beavan, lbi,% 1805, p. 406; w/. Jte , 1809, p. 405; Bulger, 1km\ 
1809, p. 155; Gray, lfand~L i. p. 57 (1809); Ball, Stray 1\ II. 
p. 385 (1874), vii. p. 203 (1^78; Godavery); Ilttme, St my K JiL 
p. 45 (1875), u . p. 57 (1878); Cripps, Stray F. ui. p. 257* (1*7*: 
Furreedpore); Feid, Stray F. x. p. 19 (18K); Lucknow); O/I/M, 
I?. I?wm. ii. p. 19 (18b3); id. eel Hume's Next* 4* JiV///* /w</. iA 
iti. p. 43 (1890); C. 11. T. Marsh. lbi% lbS4, p. 409 (Chauiba). 
Caprimulgiib nipalensh*, Hodys. Icon. ined. in Mm. Brit. 

1 . CAPRIMXriGUS. 
This is a largo and pale form of G. macrurus. Specimens from 
the plains of North-western India, especially from the Punjab, are 
very light coloured, and no doubt greatly adapted to the pale sands 
and drier soil: the markings are paler brown, the scapulars less 
brilliantly marked, the dark spots on the crown less numerous, 
narrower, and more confined to the middle of the crown; the wings 
are very long, and the lower parts very strongly tinged with pale 
sandy rufous. The specimens from the foot of the Himalayas and 
especially from Nepal, where the forest-region prevails, are, as a 
rule, very pronounced in colour: the dark markings are bold and 
distinct, the head greyish, the lower parts very strongly marked, but 
the}T have not such a rufous aspect as true G. macrurus. The 
mountain form has been named G. nipalensis by Hodgson; and if 
one compares a full-plum aged individual of it with a typical 
specimen of G. macrurus from the Malay Islands, or a pale G. albonotatus 
from the Indian plains, one might be persuaded that they 
belong to three distinct forms. The differences, however, are too 
slight and inconstant to warrant the separation of the Nepalese 
bird. The wing of typical G. albonotatus measures from 8 to 8'6 
inches, the tail from 6-5 to 7 inches. 

The nestling is covered with rufous-buff down, and the sprouting 

feathers are almost entirely cinnamon-rufous in colour. 

Hah. From the Southern Punjab along the foot of the Himalayas, 
throughout the North-West and Central Provinces of India to 
Bengal, occasionally occurring further to the southward in the 
Indian peninsula. Specimens from Assam and Burmah are intermediate 
and approach the true G. macrurus, especially those from 
the Burmese provinces. 

There is a young female in the Hume Collection, obtained by 
Dr. Scully in the Nepal valley, and mentioned and described by him 
as a doubtful species of Qaprimulgus in c Stray Feathers' for 1879, 

p. 236. It is a pale-coloured bird like G. albonotatus^ but is extremely 
small, the wing measuring 7*2 inches only, like small 
typical G. macrums. There are, however, other specimens from 
Nepal that are nearly equally small, also younger specimens. I 
think that they also belong to G. albonotatus. 
a. c? ad. sk. N.W. Himalayas. Pinwill Coll. 
b. S ad. sk. Simla, March 5 (G. H. T. Mar-Tweeddale Coll. 
shall). 
c, d. <$ 5 a&« sk-Masuri. Hume Coll. 

e. § ad. sk. Naini Tal (S. Pinwill). Tweeddale Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Gangaotri. Old Coll. 
ff, h, i. $ ad.; h. Kumaon (Gen. Strachey). India Museum 
$ ad. sk. [p.]. 
/. <$ ad. sk. Kumaon, March 4. Hume Coll. 
m-q. <$ ad.; r-Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 

u. 2 ad.; v, w. (Types of G. nipalensis.)
Juv. sk. 
x. $ imm. sk. Nepal Valley (J. Scully). Hume Coll. 
y. S ad. sk. Siwalik Hills, March (Dr. Scott). Tweeddale Coll. 
z, a'. S $ ad. sk. Allahabad. Hume Coll. 
542 
CAPItlMULGIDJE. 

b'. 2 ad. sk. Futtekpur Sikri, Jan. (A. O. H). Hume ColL 
c\ $ ad. sk. Cawnpore, Oct. (A. G. if.). Hume ColL 
d\e'. d ad.;/ , Etawah, Jan., Oct. Hume Coil. 


g'. $ ad. sk. 

h\ i'. <$ $ ad. sk. Saharunpur, March, Dec. Hume ColL 
k', I'. $ ad sk. Oudh, Dec, Jan. Hume ColL 
m'f n'. <$ ad. sk. Beliar. Hodgson ColL 
o\ $ ad. sk. Native Sikkim, April (L. Mandellf). Hume ColL 
p'. j ad. sk. Darjiling Terai, Feb. (L. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 
q'. S ad.; r', s'. Buxa Dooars (L. M.). Hume ColL 

5 ad. et inini. 
sk. 
?, u', v\ $ ad.; Bhootau Dooars, Feb., April, Dec. Hume ColL 


w'-z'. 2 ad. sk. (L. M.). 
a". 6 ad. sk. Assam. Tweeddale ColL 
b", c". d ? ad. Assam (McClelland). India Museum 

sk. 

pr.

<2". c? ad.; e", N. Khas'a Hills, Jan., March (A. 

Tweeddale ColL 

/'. $ ad. sk. W. Chennell). 
</'. $ ad. sk. Tippera. II unit1 ColL 
/*", i". <S ad. sk. Dacca, March. Hume ColL 
k", l".. 6 ad. sk. Faridpur, March, April (J. It Hume ColL 


Crippt). 
m1', n", o". S ad. Maunbhoom (li. C. Beamin). Tweeddale ColL 

sk. 
p". 5 ad. sk. Haipur Distr., Dec. 14. Hume Coll. 
#". linm. sk. Madras. T. C. Jerdon, 

Esq. CIV. 
r". Bones of Nepal. Hodgson Coil. 
trunk. 


10. Caprimxilgiis atripeitnis. 
Caprimulgus atripennis, Jerd. III. Ind. Orn. pi. 24 (Ietterpres>) 
(1847j.; id. B. Ind. i. p. 106 (1802); Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1672, 

p. 421 (Ceylon); Legqe, 'Ibis, 1874, p. 12 ; id. B. Ceylon, i. p. 340 
(1878) ; Ball, Stray F vii. p. 203 (1878;' Godav-rvj; But!. Stray 
F ix. p. 880 (1880; Mahratta); Parker, Stray F ix, p. 477 
(1880); Davison, Stray F. x. p. 349 (Mysore); Macgn-gm; t. c. 
p. 436 (Mahratta); Saluin, Cat. Strkkl Coll. p. 877 (lbd2); 
Barnes, J. Bombay N. H. Soc. iv. pL i. (1880: vgg fig.); Gates, ed. 
Hume's Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 47 (1890). 
Caprimulgus spilocercus, 
Gray, List Fissir. Brit. Mus. p. 7 (1848); 
Hume, Stray F. 1878, p. 482. 
Caprimulgus maharattenbis, Kelaart {nee Sykes), Prodromus Cat. 

p. 117 (1852); Layard, Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist. 1853, xii p. 106. 
Adult male. Top of the head cinereous brown, finely stippled with 
paler greyish, brown, centre of the crown and upper part of the hind 
neck with black mesial streaks ; hind nock with a deep ferruginous 
hue forming a kiud of Indistinct collar ; back and rump darker than 
the head, with distinct blackish shaft-stripes ; scapulars brilliantly 
marked with large velvety blackish-brown spots and rich buff bars 
and margins; first primary with a white spot on the Inner web, not 
extending to the shaft; second quill with an interrupted white 
bar on both shafts, sometimes obsolete on the outer web; third 

1 . CAPKIMFLGTTS. 
quill with a generally interrupted bar, fourth with a continuous 

•white bar extending over the shaft as a rule; wing-coverts with 
many pale buff and rufous-buff spots and bars; chin and sides of 
the head mottled blackish brown and fulvous ; ear-coverts more or 
less golden rufous-buff: a narrow whitish-buff stripe under the eye, 
a very large white spot on the throat, its lower edge with deep 
velvety-black terminal and isabelline-buff sub-terminal spots or bars; 
chest and upper breast rufous-grey with fine darker vermieulations, 
the former often much rufous, the latter mostly with large pale buff 
spots on its lowrer edge ; beneath this the lower surface is fulvous, 
barred with blackish brown; rectrices deep brown with interrupted 
fulvous bars, central pair coloured like the back, outer pair white on 
the tips, outer wreb of this white space more or less tinged with 
isabelline or spotted with greyish brown. Total length about 10-8 
inches, wing 7 to 7*2, tail 5*1, tarsus 0*7, covered with feathers in 
front except on the lowest part. 
Adult female. In general appearance entirely similar to the male, 
but the spots to the primaries buff and on the fourth quill obsolete; 
two lateral rectrices with more or less pure buff tips. 

Young. Paler, and the dark markings less pure and less distinct; 
the white spots in the young male well developed on the outer 
rectrices, but shaded with buff and smaller on the quills, first quill 
only with an indication of it. 

The depth of coloration differs somewhat, as it does in almost all 
the species of Caprimulyus, but I have not seen any remarkable 
variations. 

Hab. Ceylon and Southern India, somewhat locally distributed. 

af b. S ad. sk. Ceylon. 
Hume Coll. 

c. $ ad. sk. Ceylon. 
Purchased. 
d. S imm. sk. Ceylon. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
c, /, ff. 6 ad. et Ceylon (H. Nevitt). Tweeddale Coll. 
juv. ; h. Pull. 
sk. 

z. S ad. sk. Ceylon (F. W. HolthwoHJi). Tweeddale Coll. 
h. $ ad. sk. Ceylon. 
T. Thwaites, Esq. 
I, m. $ ad.; n. Ceylon, June, Oct. Col. Vincent Legge 
5 ad. sk. 

[P.]. 

O; p, q. <$ ad. et Central Province, Ceylon. 

A. Whyte,Esq.[C.]. 
imm. sk. 

r. $ ad. sk. South India. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
s, t J ad. sk. Wynaad; April, Oct. (W. DaviHume 
Coll. 
son). 

u. 
<$ ad. sk. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, April 15 Hume Coll. 
(Miss Coclcburn). 
11. Caprimulgus andamanicus. 
? Caprimulgus asiaticus, Tytl. «§• Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 318: Ball. 
Stray F. 1873, p. 56. 
Caprimulgus 
andamanicus, Hume, Str. F. 1873, p. 470, 1874 
pp. 162,493. ' 

CAPRIMULGflD-E. 

544 

Adult male. In general appearance similar to 0. airipeivms^ but 

the top of the head finely but distinctly barred, its ground-colour 

more greyish and the black streaks bolder, more numerous, and not 

confined to the centre of the crown ; lower parts darker; spots on 

the primaries often not pure white, being shaded with rufous from 

above, the spots smaller and well developed on the first three or 

sometimes four primaries; the white tips to the outer rectrice* a 

little smaller; upper wing-coverts very conspicuously spotted with 

rufous-buff. In size similar to C. atripnruis. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with only narrow rufous 

bands and spots to 
the primaries, without the larger pale patches, 

whereas in the female of O. atrijjcunis buff patches are well-

developed on the first three primaries. The patch on the throat is 

buff instead of white, the pale tips of the outer rectrices smaller and 

buff instead of white. 

Hab. Confined to the Andaman Islands. 

a. 
$ ad.sk. Jolly Boy*' Island, S. Andaman«? Hume Coll. 
March's (A. 0. IL). (T\pe of the sj^ i^ ) 
b, c. J ad. sk. Sound Island, S. Andamans, April Hume Cull. 
(W.Davivjn). 
d} e. £ $ ad. sk. Port Blair, Mav ( W. Damon). Hume Coll. 
/, g, h. $ ad. sk. S. Andaman, I<Vb., June, July (li. Twveddul** i *<*H. 

J. Wimherlt'i/). 
*. ? ad. sk. S. Andaman, April (II G. W. IL). Tweechhilc* C%1L 
k. $ ad. sk. Andaman*, March 10 (It G. llr. It). lWddat»* <f .11. 
/. 
<$ ad. sk Stewarts Sound, Middle Andaman, Twtvddaie Cull. 
April 3 (i?. G. W. Jl). 

12. Caprimulgus manilensis. 
Caprimulgus manillensis, G. JR. Gray, List Fm;r<^freR Br it. Mus. 
p. 7, no. 11, "Manilla," descr. nulla! (1848); id. IIamJ-1. p. -*>7T 
no. 637 (1869). 
? Caprimulpiis macrurus, Martens, J.f. 0. 186C5, p. 10 (PhilippinesJ. 
Caprimulgus manillensis, Walden, Trans. Zoo!. &r*e. lx. pp. M) t 410 

(1875); Tweedd. P. Z, & 1*78, p. 635 (Mindanao); id. P. Z. *SL 
1879, p. 69 (Basilan); Whiteh. Mis, 1890, p. M: Stcere, List B. 
$ Mamm. Exped. PMUpp. p. 12 (181)0). 

Aditltmale. Above dark greyish brown, with bold blackish streiks 
along the crown, becoming broader to the tips of the feathers; 
smaller secondaries and scapulars more or less greyish, the latter 
with large blackish spots and pale rufous bars or spots; wing-
coverts spotted with buff; primaries deep blackish brown, the fin>t 
with a small huffish-white spot on the inner border of the inner web, 
the second with a larger white spot on the same place and an Indication 
of it on the outer web, the third with distinct but separated 
spots on both webs, the fourth with a connected spot across both 
webs; behind the ear-coverts a rufous-bufF patch; a large white 
spot on the throat, the tips of these white feathers velvety Hack ; 
abdomen brownish buff, barred with dark brown, but not so 
regularly as in C. macrurus, the broader buff tips of the feathers 

J . CAPRIMOXOTJS. 
producing a more spotted appearance; outermost pair of rectrices 

blackish brown, with short rufous bars on the outer web, some


times speckled with white at the tip, the inner web white at the 

tip for about one inch; second pair white at the tips for about one 

inch on both webs. Total length about 10 inches, wing 6*7 to 6-9, 

tail 5, tarsus 0*7, feathered in front for about its upper half. 

The female seems not to differ from the male, except in the spots 

to the primaries and outer rectrices being smaller. 

The young bird is similar to the adult. 

This species differs from G. maerurus chiefly in the smaller extent 

of the white spots on the primaries and rectrices, especially those of 

the latter. The terminal spots to the feathers of the abdomen are 

more obvious. The rietal bristles, which are always distinctly 

whitish at the bases in G. maerurus, are mostly brown at the bases, 

but on rare occasions also whitish, in the present species. 

The single specimen from. Celebes (collected by Dr. A. B. Meyer) 

is not in very good condition on account of the moult, but it seems 

to be identical with specimens from the Philippines. 

Hub. Philippines, 
from Luzon to Mindanao, and apparently 

Celebes. 

«, b. Ad. sk. Manila, H. Cuming, Esq. [C.]. 
(Types of the species.) 

c. 5 ad. • d. Pull. Zaniboanga, Mindanao, April Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. (A. Everett). 
<?,/. 
6 ? ad. sk. Basilan, May, June (A. Ev- Tweeddale Coll. 
erett). 


g. Ad. sk. Celebes (A. B. Meyer). Tweeddale Coll. 
13. Caprinralgus phalaena. 
Caprimulgus 
phalsena, Hartl. § Ftnsch, P. Z, 8. 187:2, p. 91 j 
Finsch, Journ. Mus. Godeffr. 1875, p. 13, pi. ii. figs. 1, 2. 

Adult male. Above greyish brown, very finely vermiculated, more 
rufous on the back, with large longitudinal streaks and a few cross 
markings; scapulars partly with pale buif bands, mostly pale grey 
at the basal portion; primaries deep brown, with a white spot to 
the inner web of the first primary not extending to the shaft, second 
and third primary with white spots to the inner web extending to 
the shaft and obsolete white spots to the outer web, fourth primary 
with a smaller and less pure white spot; chin and throat blackish 
brown, barred with rufous, with two white spots on the throat ; 
"breast brownish grey, vermiculated and spotted with brown and 
blackish; abdomen dirty ochxaceous buff barred with brown, the 
bars wider 041 the lower tail-coverts; rectrices rufous-brown with 
blackish bars, outer ones with broad white terminal spots. Total 
length about 9 inches, wing 6*3, tail 4*5, tarsus 0-55, feathered 
in front for the upppr half. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with small, more or less 
obsolete, rufous-buff spots to the primaries instead of white ones ; 
rectrices without white spots. 

VOL. xvi. 
2 If 

CAPKIMTJLGIBJS. 

546 

Young. The young male (according to Einseh) has the white 
spots to the primaries as in the adult male and is Terr similar to 
adult specimens, but somewhat paler and less distinctly marked. 


Hob. Pelew Islands. 

a. $ ad. sk. Pelew Islands. W. Cohen X.~. 
14. Caprimulgus poliocepbalus. 
Caprimulgus poliocephalus, 
Hupp. Seue Wirbelth, Jllg. p. 10^ 
(1835); id. Si/st Uebers, p. 15,pi. iv.* (1*43) : Bp. Qmzp. L p. ~M 
(1850) ; Cass. Cat. Caprim. Mu$. Ac. PAH. nu. 7 (lS*Si) ; Ilemjl. 
Ibis, 1859, p. 339; id. J.f. 0. 1864, p. 24-3; id. Dm. X.O.-Afr. L 

p. 131 (1869); Finsck <§* HartL Tog. 0.-Afr. p. 127 fl^HJi; 
Kartert, Kat. Vogels Mus. Senckenb. p. 120 (iVDlj. 
Caprimulgus, sp., Eeugl J.f. 0.1862, pp. 268 (d ), 297 ( 2 )-

Afo^ maZe. Top of the head brownish grey, streaked with 
brownish black along the middle; a rusty collar round the neck, 
very conspicuous above, slightly indicated below; back and rump 
greyish brown with dark longitudinal streaks ; scapulars with Iar#*» 
brownish-black patches and others of a pure rusty-buff colour ; 
wing-coverts with smaller and paler buff spots; primaries de^p 
brown, washed with greyish near the tip ; first primary with some 
small fulvous spots near the tip of the outer web and a small rusty 
spot on the inner web; second, third, and fourth with a white band 
across both webs, the band interrupted on the second; all the other 
quills brown banded with rufous; two outermost reetrices white for 
their whole length, with a long brown streak and a huffy shade on the 
outer web, a narrow space at the base brown ; two white spots on 
the throat; abdomen buff, barred with brown. Total length about 
9 inches, wing 6, tail 4*7, tarsus 0*05. 

The female is said by Heuglin to be smaller. 

A quite young male shot by 3Ir. F. J. Jackson on 1ft. Elgon undoubtedly 
belongs to this species, as the white marks on the 
primaries and reetrices clearly indicate. The outer reetrices are 
much mixed with brown on the outer webs, the feathers of the 
upper surface have bright rufous terminal spots, and the abdomen is 
indistinctly barred. 

This species may be distinguished from all other African Goatsuckers 
by having the two outer pairs of tail-feathers almost 
entirely white: they are only white to a considerable extent in the 
very different C. natalerms from South Africa. 

The description is taken from the type in the museum at Frankfort. 

Edb. Eastern and Central Abyssinia and Galla district from the 
valley up to about 12,000 feet above the sea-level south to ML 
Elgon. 

* The name on the plate is erroneously giteu as Caprimulgus feimdigma. 
1. cAPTmroLGrs. 
547 

15. Caprimulgus montieola * 
Capriniulgus 
monticolus, Frankl. P. Z. S. 1831, p. 116 ; id. Journ* 
As. Soc. Beng. 1832, p. 263; Syhes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 83; Blyth, 
Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1845, p. ^08; id. Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. 

p. 84 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. I p. 60 (1850); Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. 
B. Mus. E. I. Co. i. p. 114 (18o4); Sioinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 263: id. 
P. Z. S. 1871, p. 345; Jerd. B. hid. p. 198 (18(12); Beamn, Ibis, 
1865, p. 406; id. Ibis, 1869, p. 406; Blyth, Ibis, 1868, p. 342; 
Tytler, Ibis, 1868, p. 194; Gray, Cat. Fissirostr. Brit Mus. p. 8; 
id, Hand-l. i. p. 57 (1869); Adam, Stray Feath. i. p. 371 (1873; 
Sarnbhur); H. Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, p. 406 (Kattiiawar); Ball, 
Stray Feath. ii. p. 385 (1874); Hume, Stray Feath. ii. p. 469 
(1874; Tenasserim), iii. p. 46 (1875), v. p. 17(1877; Cdchar), 
xi. p. 40 (1888; Manipur); Butl. Stray Feath. iii. p. 455 (1875); 
Fairb. Stray Feath. iv. p. 254 (1876); David 8? Oust. Ois. Chine, 
p. 67 (1877); Hume # Davison, Stray Feath. 1878, p. 59 (Tenasserim) 
; Ball, t. c. p. 203 (Godaveri); Vidal, Stray Feath. ix. 
p. 48 (1880; S. Konkan); Bingham, t c. p. 151 (i880); Butl. 
t. c. p. 381 (1880 ; Mahratta); Oates, Stray Feath. x. p. 185 
(1882 ; Pegu); Macgregor, t. c. p. 436 (1882); Oates, B. Burmah, 
ii. p. 18 (1883); id. ed. Hume's Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 51 
(1890); Damson, Stray Feath. v. p. 453 (1877; Burmah), x. 
p. 349 (1882 ; Mvaore); Davidson, Stray Feath. x. p. 295 (1882 ; 
Khandeish) ; C H. T. Marsh. Ibis, 1884, p. 409 (Chamba valley). 
Caprimulgus 
stictomus, Sioinh. (type examined), Ibis, 1863, p. 250, 
1866, p. 315; id. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 263 (China), 1871, p. 345 
(Formosa); David #- Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 68 (1877). 

Adult wale. Rather dark above, the markings not very large and 
remarkable, generally rather subdued; blackish spots along the 
crown; a more or less distinct indication of a rufous band across 
the neck ; rufous-buff spots to the upper wing-coverts; on the inner 
webs of the scapulars more or less rufous-buff, sometimes hardly 
visible, sometimes very obvious ; first primary with a streak of 
rufous-white or buff on the outer web and a large patch of white 
on the inner ; second, third, and fourth primaries with white patches 
on both webs extending across the shaft, no white spots on the other 
quills; two outer rectriees all white, more or less broadly tipped 
with brown, especially on the outer webs, the other rectriees without 
any white upon them; ehin buff; throat and upper breast like 
the upper parts, spotted with rufous-buff; two large, sometimes connected, 
white spots on the throat; abdomen isabelline-buff, narrowly 
barred with brown, becoming more and more uniform to the tail; 
lower tail-coverts quite uniform. Total length about 10 inches, 
wing 7*5 to 7*8, tail 4*8, tarsus 0*8, almost totally unfeathered. 

Adult female. In general appearance like the male, but the 
patches on the first four primaries rufous-buff instead of white, of 
the same -extent as in the male; the tail without any white 
whatever. 

Young. Yery pale, the markings less distinct than in adult 

* The name is ill-chosen, since the species is by no means an inhabitant of 
hilly country only, nor does it particularly affect mountainous tracts. 
2x2 

548 
CAPEIMTJLGID2E. 

individuals, the patches on the primaries rufous-buff or shaded with 
rufous; the tail-feathers with no white, as in the adult female. 

Some specimens are very rufous, while others are darker and 
others again more greyish, but these modifications of colour occur in 
the same localities and no local form is distinguishable. 

IM, India, from the Punjab and the N"."W. Himalayas through 
the Indian Peninsula, Assam, Burma, and Tenasserim, eastwards as 
far as Southern China. 

a. (S ad. sk. N.W. India (Griffith). India Museum 
[p.]. 
b. (S ad. sk. N.W. India (JK JF. 23fo;«0. India Museum 
[P.]. 
Cj d. cf 2 ad. sk. Deesa, Jan., Aug. (E. A. Butler) i. Hume Coll. 
e,f, S ad. sk. Mt. Aboo, May'22 (0. JT%). Hume Coll. 
g!k. 2 «d. et imm. Sambhur Lake, March, July Hume Coll, 
sk. (JR. M. Adam). 
*. S ad. sk. Jhansie, Aug. Tweeddale Coll. 
k, I. 2 ad. et imm, , Delhi. Hume Coll. 

sk. 
m, n. tf2 ad. sk. Gurgaon District (W. N. Chill) . Hume Coll. 
0iPt2* 2 ad.etimm.; ; Sirza. Hume Coll. 


r. c? imm. sk. 
s. $ ad. sk. Simla, March. Hume Coll. 
& S 
ad. sk. Simla, April 15 (C. K. T. Hume Coll. 
Marshall). 


u. 2 ad. sk. Dehra Dhoon. Tweeddale Coll. 
v. cS ad. sk. Eastern Dhoon (Col Thelwall). Tweeddale Coll. 
w. <$ ad. sk. Siwalik Hills, March (Br. Tweeddale Coll. 
Scott). 
a, g, z. J ad. sk. Euttehpur Sikri, Jan. Hume Coll. 
a', b'. <$ ad. sk. Etawah, Oct. 28. Hume Coll. 
c'. § ad. sk. Oudh, Feb. Hume Coll. 
d\ J ad. sk. Sikkim, March (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 
e'. J ad. sk. Bhootan Dooars, April (L. M.). Hume Coll. 


/', g'. S ad. sk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
h!. S ad. sk. Oachar (J. Inglis). Hume Coll. 
i'. $ ad. sk. Tipperah. Hume Coll. 

kr. $ ad. sk. Manipur, April 11 (A. 0. JT.). Hume Coll. 
/'. 2 ad. sk. Bengal (Dr. Falconer). India Museum 


[p.]. 
m'. <J ad. sk. Chandra, Central Provinces. Hume Coll. 
nr. <$ ad. sk. Sambalpur, Jan. 25. Hume Coll. 
o'. $ imm. sk. Bandir, July 20. Hume Coll. 

p\ 2 ad. sk. Phaulgur, Dec. 12 (F M. Hume Coll. 
Blewitt). 
q'. c? ad..; rr-u\ $ Eaipur. Hume Coll. 

ad. et imm. sk. 
v'. <$ ad. sk. Seoni District, May. Hume Coll. 

w', x'. <$ 2 ad. sk. Saugor. 

Hume Coll. 

y, *', «". S ; b". 2 Maunbhoom, Feb., March, Dec. Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. (B. C. Beavan).
c". 2 ad. sk. N. of Gudavery Eiver. W. T. Blanford, 
Esq. [P.]. 

d", 2 ad.sk. Deccan (Col Sylm). India Museum 
[p.]. 

1 . CAPK1MTTLGUS. 
541) 
«">/"« tf innn. sk. KhandeLsh, July, Dec. (J. Uume Coll. 
Davidson). 


#". J ad. sk. N. of Ahmednuggur, Jan. 6 Hume Coll. 

(S. B. Fairbank). 
7i". (5* ad. sk. Madras (Wight). India Museum 
[P.]. 
i", A>". d ? ad. sk. Madras. T. C. Jerdon, 


Esq. [P.]. 
Z". <5 ad. sk. Burma. Tweeddale Coll. 
m", w". tf ad.; o", Tonghoo (B. G. W.B.). Tweeddale Coll. 
//'. § ad. sk. 


Amherst, Tenasserim, Nov. Hume Coll. 

#". 5 inim. sk. 

( W. Davison). 
r". <£ ad. sk. Thamban(IF.D.). Hume Coll. 
s". ? ad. sk. Attaran River, March 10 Hume Coll. 
(W.D.).
£". tf ad. sk. Pahpoon, Dec. (W. D.). Hume Coll. 
u". <5 imm. sk. Canton, China (Tuckett). Tweeddale Coll. 


16. Caprimulgus affinis. 
Caprimulgus 
affinis, Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 142 (1821 ; 
Java); G. R. Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 48 (1847); Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. 
As. Soc. p. 84(1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 60 (1850); Cass. Cat 
Caprim. Mas. Philad. sp. 17 (1851) ; Horsf.fyMoore, Cat. B. Mus 
JR. I. Comp. i. p. 114 (1854); Scl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 212 (Banjermassing); 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 57 (1869) ; Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. 

viii. p. 114 (1872 ; Celebes); Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 115 (1874) ; 
Vorderm. Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl. Ind. 1883, p. 54; Hartert, Ibis, 
1892, p. 280. 
Caprimulgus europaeus, Raffl. (nee Linn.) Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 

p. 315 (1822; Sumatra). 
Chuppa Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. vii. p. 339 (1823; Java). 
Engoulevent des Roseaux, Hombr, $• Jacq. Voy. Pfile Sud, pi. 21. 
fig.2($)(184tt). 
Caprimulgus bisignatus, Bote, Mus. Lugd., teste Cass. Cat. Capr. Mus. 
Philad. (1851); Koenig-Warth. J.f. 0.1868, p. 373. 

Caprimulgus arundinaceus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 60 (1850); Jacq. <$• Puch. 
Voy. au Bole Sud, Ois. p. 93 (1853; Borneo); Ilartl. J. f. O. 
1854, p. 164; Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. viii. p. 115, note (1872); 
Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 116 (1874). 

p Caorimulgus assmiihs, Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 57 (Borneo; descr. nulla). 
Caprimulgus faberi, Meyer, Sitzungsber, Ges. Isis, 1884, i. p. 20 (W. 
Sumatra). 
Adult male. Upper surface rather dark, somewhat reminding one 
of the upper coloration of C. monticola; centre of the crown blackish, 
hind neck with distinct fulvous spots; some of the secondaries 
with bright fulvous outer margins or with their margins spotted 
with the same colour, sometimes unusually large and less visible in 
abraded plumage; wing-coverts with smaller fulvous spots; primaries 
deep brown; inner margin of first primary with a large 
white spot, sometimes, but rarely, extending to the shaft; second 
primary with a large white spot on the inner margin, the outer 
margin mostly with a fulvous spot, but sometimes without it, 
sometimes with a white-centred fulvous spot, tho latter apparently 
denoting older individuals ; third and fourth primaries with white 

550 
CAPRIMTFLGIDJE. 

spots on both margins; outermost tail-feather white, shaded with 
hrown "towards the tip of the outer web, and sometimes on the 
tip of the inner web (the purer white being a sign of old 
age); second tail-feather white, with a shade of brown on the 
tip of the outer web, and spotted deep brown and fulvous Bear 
the base of the inner web, this colour being more restricted in 
older individuals; lower surface pale fulvous, narrowly banded 
with brown; two white spots on the throat, large buif spots on 
the breast; lower abdomen and lower tail-eoverts uniform pale 
fulvous buff. Total leugth about 9 inches, wing *5'3 to 6-4, tail 3*8, 
tarsus 0*7, unfeathered. 

Adult female. Differs from the male in having no white whatever 

on the tail, the rectrices being banded with pale rufous grey and dark 

brown, paler on the tips. 

The spots on the throat vary in size in both sexes and are some


times almost confluent, often not pure white but buff, this hitter 

colour being apparently a sign of immaturity, as also is the buff 

colour of the white patches on the primaries. 

Hab. Sumatra, Java, Lomboek, Sumbawa, Timor, Celebes, and 

Borneo. 

a. J ad. bk. Java (Dr. Ilorsfield). India Miwum. 
{TVIM" t d* pptt'it'H.) 
b,c. <S § ad. sk. Java. 

d. Ad. sk. Sumatra. 
Purchaml. 
e. $ sk. Sumatra (Sir 8. Muffles), India Muslim, 
f-l 
<$ ; m-p. 2 Loniboek. Wallace Coll. 
ad. sk. 

q. 
<$ sk. E. Timor (A. It Wallace). Tweeddale Cull. 
r. Imm. sk. Celebes (A. B. Meyer). Tweeddale Coll. 
s. 
3 ad, sk. Banjermasrfnjr, Borneo (Motley). Tweeddale Coll. 
f. Skeleton. Java. 
Purchased. 
17. Caprimulgns griseatuB. (Plate XL) 
Caprimulgus griseatus, G. Ii. €fray9 Hand-l. i. p. 57, BO. 020 (IHifl; 
Philippines) (descr. Bulla); Walden, Tram. ZmL &w\ ix- p. l*r>l) 
(1875) ; Tieeedd. P. Z. S. 2877, p. 691 (Luzon; demr. priucepe); 
Kutter, J.f. 0.1882, p. 175 (egg). 

Adult male. General colour above almost similar to that of the 
allied G. affinis^ but a little more greyish. The lover parts are 
somewhat more finely barred and the bars are spread over the 
whole of the lower abdomen and thighs. The white patches on 
the primaries are larger and occupy about half an inch of the outer 
web of the second primary; the outermost rectrices have the 
basal part of the inner web pale ferruginous, banded with dark 

brown. "Wing 6*4 inches, tail 4. 
Female. Unknown. 
Bob. Island of Luzon, K Philippines. 
a. <$ ad. sk.
b, c. c? ad. sk. 
Philippines. 
Ban Mateo, Luzon, Feb. 
Purchased. (Type of 
tli*1 Hpeeie*.} "* 
Tweeddale Coll. 
(Em-eft). 

1 . CAPKIMULGTTS. 
18. Caprimtdgus fossii 
Caprimulgus niozambiquus, Liehi* Nbmencl. p. 62 (1854) (descr. 
nulla). 

Caprimulgus fossii, Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 23 {ex Verr. MS.) 
(1857 ; Gaboon); id. Abh. naturw. Ver. Bremen, xii. p. 32 (1891) ; 
Gray, Kand-l i. p. 57 (1869) ; FinschfyHartl Voy. O.-Afr. p. 123, 
pi. i. (1870); Sharpe, Ibis, 1872, p. 66 ; Reichen. J. f. O. 1875, 
pp. 20, 49 (W. Mr.); id. J. f. 0. 1877, p. 21 (Loango); id. J.f. £>• 
1889, p. 277 (E. Afr.); Cab. J. f 0. 1878, p. 236 (E. Afr.); 
Bocage,Jorn. Lisb. 1878, p. 266 (Angola), 1880, p. 101 ; id. Orn. 
Angola, p. 152 (1881); Fisch. $ Reichen. J. f 0. 1879, p. 256 
(Zanzibar); Jffolub $ Felz. Beitr. Orn. Siidafr. p. 53 (1882); 
Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 359 (Masai). 

Caprimulgus sp., Monteiro, Ibis, 1862, p. 336. 
Caprimulgus welwitschii, Bocage, Jorn. Lisb. p. 133 (1867). 
Caprimulgus mossambicus, Peters, J. f 0. 1868, p. 134; Gray% 


Hand-l. i. p. 57 (1869); Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 88 
(1875); Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 564 (E. Afr.); id. Ibis, 1882, 

p. 240; id. Ibis, 1888, p. 298; Gurney, Ibis, 1882, p. 71; Bohrn, 
J. f. 0. 1883, p. 176 (Int. E. Afr.); Schalow, J.f. 0.1883, p. 352 ; 
Symonds, Ibis, 1887, p. 327 (Orange Free State). 
Adult male. Head above mottled greyish brown, with bold black 
longitudinal stripes; a broad, deep, golden-buff semi-collar with 
black streaks and spots across the hind neck; back and rump 
mottled with pale brownish and blackish : scapulars with large 
triangular black spots and ochraceous-buQ: longitudinal stripes; 
primaries deep brown with large white spots ; secondaries spotted 
with ferruginous and broadly tipped with white: rectrices dark 
brown, with pale brown inner margins and mottled with pale brown; 
central rectrices tinged with grey, lateral rectrices with white 
outer webs and broad white tips; a large white spot on each side 
of the throat; breast mottled and spotted brown and isabelline; 
abdomen orange-buff, barred with brown, lower abdomen uniform 
orange-buff; under wing-coverts deep orange-buff. Total length 
about 10 inches, wing 5-8 to 6*4, tail 4*7 to 5-2. 


Adult female. Similar to the male, but the spots on the primaries 
not pure white, clear rusty on the outer webs above and tinted 
with rusty below; lateral tail-feathers with the outer webs and 
tips not white, but isabelline-buff like the tips of the secondaries. 

Young birds are more of a greyish colour above. 
There is no difference between "Western and Eastern specimens, 
but the bird varies a great deal in the same localities. 
Hab. "Western and Eastern Africa: from the Gold Coast to 
Benguela and on the East coast down as far as the Zambesi. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Cape Lopez, Gaboon. P. B. Du Chaillu 
[0.]. 
b. $ ; c. $ ad.sk. Gaboon, June (Skertchly). Sharpe Coll. 
d. Imm. sk. Ogowe Kiver {A. Marc/ie). M. A. Bouvier [P.]. 
e,f § ad. sk. Landana, Congo (Fetit). Shelley Coll. 
g. $ 
ad> sk. Lower Congo. Commander Sperling 
[P.]. 
h. <$ acl.sk. Quiloinbo, Angola (A. Heath). 
Sharpe Coll. 
552 
CAPBIMtXGlILE. 

J 
ad. sk. Angola. Monteiro Coll. 

h. <$ ad.sk. Croonstad, Jan. (Symonds). Gurney Coil 
l-o. 2 ad.sk. Tati, Matabele-land, March, W. E. & C. G. Oates, 
Oct. (F. Oaies). E«qrs. [P.]. 
p,q. 
d ; r. $ ad. Makalaka Country (Brad&kaic). Shelley Coll. 
sk. 


s. J ad.; *. Imm. Tete, Zambesi (&r J. Kirk). Livingstone Exped. 
sk. 
«. J ad. sk. Pangani River (Sir J. Kirk)* Shelley Coll. 


v. $ ad. sk. Dar es Salaam (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Cull 
w. S ad. sk. Melinda (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
x. 
$ ad. ? sk. Ugogo (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
y. 
cT ad. sk. Zanzibar, Sept. Dr. fiildebraudt "C.~. 
z. § ad. sk. Zanzibar, April 28 (Br, Shelley Coll. 
Fisch&r\ 
a\ S ad. sk. Witu, Oct. 1 (Br. Fischer). Shelley Coll 


Subsp. a. Caprimnlgns clams, 

Caprimulgus clarus, Beichen. Ber. JammrSitz. D» Orn. (h*. p. 1 
(Uganda; January 1892). 

This is merely a smaller and paler form of €\fmni% but must 

be distinguished as a subspecies. There are* however, mmiy inter


mediate specimens, and therefore it cannot be regarded »H a K<*od 

species. All the markings of the upper surface are h*& Iwld and 

less brilliant. In the somewhat sandy colour of the upper parts 

this form reminds one somewhat of Cm nvhkrn^ licit t 

Bab. Dry districts of Eastern Equatorial Africa. 

a. g ad. sk. Lamu, E. Africa, Sept. 9. F. J. Jackaon, Km. 
b, c. $ ad. et $ Manda Island. F."" J."" Jack#ii», E^|* 
imm. sk. XV, 


d. d imin. sk. Lamo (Sir X Kirk). Shelley Cull 
19. Caprimulgns jotaka *. 
1863, p. 263';'«*. i^w, 1870, p. 80 (Hainan); »Vl. 1\ Z. S. 3^71, 

p. 344; 2& I6w, 1874, p. 434 (Chefbo); id. Mm 1*7**, p #*I ; 
J&K&fo, M &'&r., £%. p. 13-1 (1803); ft'A&/y, /*«>, WJ7, 
p. 195 (Japan); 0rayt J2"<WMW. L p. 57 (1609); &r/ff/fc. P.Z.& 
1871, p. 344; 7fc<s. J. f. O. 1872, p. 351; id. Bull. &#. &»d. Fr. 
1876, p. 132; PrjewUM, BowL Orn. Mm. lu p. M7 (1^77; Mongolia); 
JDav.$Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 67 (1877); -»/dfe. f B;i/fr, 
j£&, 1878, p. 231; Jtow # Davism? Stray F. ti p. 31 f 1KB; 
Tenasserim); #cw%, &rdy JP. viii. p. 23tf (Nepal; IH79); «/k#f/t 
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mm. vi. p. 310 (1883); Oat**, B. Barm, if, p. if 
(1883); «& ed. Hume's Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. Ill p. 45 (IM*»; 
JHstfr. i&>, 1885, p. 194 (Corea); Styun, Bm, 1887f p. ±!8 
* 
Qaiprimulgus ieteraptems, "VieilL Kouv. Diet, at p. 23&, and Enr Mt»t h. 
p. 536, from China, is possibly Capnmulgm jtitaka, but more probably, m I 
think, a species of Igncorms with wrong localit}r
553 

1 . CAPBXMULGTTS. 
(Foochow) ; Hume, Stray F. xi. p. 38 (1888 ; Manipur) ; Seeb. B. 

Japan. Emp. p. 178 (1890); Hartert, Ibis, 1892, p. 283. 

Caprinmlgus indicus, Pek. Feis. Nov., Voy. p. 34 (1865; Malacca); 
Blyth, B. Burma, p. 83 (1875); Hume, Stray F. v. p. 17 (1877; 
Caekar), p. 318 (Tenasserim); Hume 8f Davis. Stray F. vi. p. 56 
(1878). 

Caprimulgus dytiscivorus, Swinh. Ibis, 1860, p. 130 (Amoy). 

Caprimulgus rnelanopogon, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 918 
(1875), x. p. 311 (1877); id. Orn. Fapuas. L p. 530 (1880 ; W. New 
Guinea). 

Caprimulgus innominatus, Hume, Stray F. 1875, p. 318, note 
(Tenasserim). 
Adult male. Above grey, finely pencilled with brown, with broad 
black stripes along the top of the head, back, and rump ; scapulars 
with velvety black centres or spots and buff or rufous-buff spots or 
bar-like markings ; wing-coverts with roundish buff spots speckled 
with brown; some longitudinal buff spots on the hind neck; a 
golden-buff spot on the sides of 1he neck, just behind the ear-
coverts ; primaries deep blackish brown, outer webs with some 
minute rufous spots, inner web of the first primary with a round 
white spot, not reaching the shaft, a white band across both webs 
of the next three; central pair of rectrices deep blackish brown, 
with broad pale greyish-brown dark speckled bars, the others with 
narrower bands, becoming more rufous on the outer ones, and all, 
except the central pair, with a broad subterminal white bar ; a 
white band across the throat, interrupted in the centre and 
variegated on the lower edge with ferruginous-buff and blackish 
spots; throat pale rufous buff with brown cross markings; chest 
and upper breast pale greyish brown, with dark markings and some 
more or less developed larger buff spots; abdomen buff, barred 
with dark brown, the bars becoming broader and less numerous on 
the lower tail-coverts, which are sometimes nearly uniform ; rictal 
bristles dark towards the base, not whitish as in 0. meter urus. Total 
length about 11 to 12 inches, wing 8 to 8*7, tail 5*5 to 5*8, tarsus 
0*65, feathered in front. 
Adult female. Similar to the male, but a little smaller on an 
average; spots on the primaries buff and speckled, the band on the 
second primary always interrupted, the spots on the throat buff, 
the tail-feathers without a distinct white band. 
Young. Young individuals are paler above and below, the dark 
marking less developed, and pervaded with a sandy-rufous tinge. The 
young male shows already the white spots of the adult male, but 
they are shaded with buff and that on the second quill is a little 
interrupted. 
Hah. This species ranges from the valley of the Amoor through 
Manchuria, China, Japan, to Cochin-China and Eurmah, and along 
the Himalayas and Eastern Bengal hill-tracts. Tn India it is replaced 
by a smaller and paler form (O. kelaarti), which is most developed 
and typical in Southern India and Ceylon, while intermediate forms 
are common more to the north. Northern specimens no doubt 
migrate south in the cold season, and often occur far to the southward 
in Malacca, Java, Borneo, and even in jNfew Guinea. 

554 

a7 b. c? ? ad. sk. 

c. $ ad. sk. 
d. S ad. sk. 
e. 5 ad. sk. 
/. <S ad. sk. 
//. $ ad. sk. 
\ i. Ad. sk. 
k, Z. c? $ cad. sk. 

m. Ad. sk. 
w. <$ ad. sk. 
o, JK>. d1 $ ad. sk. 
</. $ imm. sk. 
r. c? a(i-sfc
A". $ ad. sk. 
t} u. $ ad. sk. 

v. cf ad. sk. 
?#. § ad. sk. 
x\ c? ad. sk. 
y. J ad. sk. 
s, c? ad. sk. 
a', c? ad. sk. 
£'. 2 ad.sk. 
c'. 2 ad.sk. 
<#'. cJ ad. sk. 


e'. c? ad. sk. 

/'. $ ad. sk. 
g\ h'. (S $ ad. sk. 

?*'. 2 ad. sk. 

k'-p'. $ ad. et 
imm.: q'-t'. $ 
ad. sk. 

u'j v'. J ad.; w'j 
x'. <$ ad. et 
imm, sk. 

y\ <$ ad. sk. 

*'. 2 ad. sk. 

r/

«. J ad.; 6". $ 
imm. sk. 
c". <J ; d", e". $ 
ad. sk. 
/", </". 6 ? ad. 

A", d ad. sk.

*''. Bones of trunk.

CAPBIMIJLGIIUG. 

Amoor-land, May, June. 

8. Manchuria. 
Peking, Aug. (\R. Swi?i7we). 
Hong Kong. 
Ningpo, April (Capt. Ince). 
Fokien. 
China. 


Japan, Oct. 
Japan. 
Japan, Feb. 
Yokohama. 
Nagasaki. 
Nagasaki, Oct. 24. 
Cochin China. 


Off Natuna Islands, Nov. 13 

(Capt. Conrad). 
Labuan (J. Motley). 
Coast of Borneo, Nov. 
Borneo. 
Paku, Sarawak,, Dec. 


Banjermassing (/. Motley). 
Java (Dr. JELorsfield). 
Malacca (Dr. Cantor). 
Penang. 
Bankasoon, S. Tenasseriru, 

Dec. (W. Davison). 
Choungthanoung, Deer. (W. 
Davison). 

Tonghoo. 
Manipur, April, May (A. 

Cachar (J. Inglis). 
Sikhim (L. Mandelli). 


Nepal. 

Nepal Valley, Dec. 6 (J. 
Scully). 


Masuri. 
Landour, Aug. 

Kotegurh. 

Abbotabad, May (A. 0. £[.). 

 Agrore Valley, May 11. 
Nepal. 

Purchased. 

H. E. M. James, 
Esq. [P.]. 
Hume Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Mrs. Ince [P.]. 
Gould Coll. 


J. R. Reeves, Esq. 
H. Whitely [C], 
Gould Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
H. Pryer [C.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
F. Ringer, Esq. [P.], 
Sharpe Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Gould CoU. 


A. H. Everett, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
India Museum. 
India Museum. 
Purchased. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hodgson Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

1 . CAPIUMTJLGUS. 
F)f)t> 
Subsp. a. Caprimulgus kelaarti *. 

(?) Indian Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl p. 196 (1787). 

(?) Caprimulgus indicus, Lath. Lid. Orn. ii. p. 588 (1790); Gray 
# Ilardw. Ill Ind. Zool i. pi. 34 (1832); Blyth, Jour. As. Soc. 
Beng. xiv. p. 208 (1846); Jerd. Ill Ind. Orn. pi. 24 (1847); 
Gray, Cat. Fissirostr. Brit. Mus. p. 7 (1848); Bh/tk, Cat B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 82 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 60 (1850); Mors/. # 
Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. i. p. 113 (1854); Jerd. B. Ind. 

i. p. 192 (1802) ; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 57 (1869); Ball, Stray F. 
ii. p. 386 (1874); id. Stray F. vii. p. 202 (1878; Godaven); 
Morgan, Ibis, 1875, p. 313 (nidif.); Hume, Stray F. iii. p. 318 
(187*5); Butl. Stray F. iii. p. 454 (1875), ix, p. 380 (1880; 
Makratta); Davidson fy Wenden, Stray F. vi. p. 77 (1878; 
Deccan) ; Vidal, Stray F. ix. p. 48 (1880; S. Kcmkan); Davidson, 
Stray F. x. p. 294 (1882 ; Khandeish); Taylor, Stray F. x. 
p. 456 (1882 ; Mysore); Macyregor, Stray F. x. p. 436 (1882; 
Mahratta); Barnes, J. Bombay N. H. Soc. iv. pi. i. (1889); Oates, 
ed, Hume's Nests $ Fggs Ind. B. iii. p. 40 (1890). 
Caprimulgus cinerascens, Vieill Bnc. MeVi. p. 545 (1823). 
Caprimulgus kelaarti, Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1851, p. 175; Kelaart, 

Frodr. Cat. p. 117 (1852) ; Layard, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. 1853, 

p. 167; Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 193 (1862); Gray, Hand-l i. p. 57 
(1869); Holdszo. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 421; Hume, Nests §> Fggs Ind. 
B. i. p. 97 (1873); id. Stray F. iv. p. 381 (1876); Morgan, Ibis, 
1875, p. 314; Ball, Stray F. vii. p. 203 (Godaveri); Legqe, B. 
Ceylon, i. p. 337 (1878); Butl. Stray F. ix. p. 380 (1880; Mahratta) 
; Salv. Cat. Strichl. Coll p. 376 (1882); Davison, Stray F. 
x. p. 348 (Mysore); Taylor, t. c. p. 456 (1882); Oates, ed. Hume's 
Nests $ Egg's Ind. B. iii. p. 41 (1890). 
This subspecies differs from C. jotal-a in its smaller size and 
paler, more greyish coloration; the black markings on the upper 
surface are narrower, the hufT and rufous markings paler; the 
dark tips to the rectrices are narrower and often indistinct, but 
never totally absent. The most typical forms occur in Southern 
India and Ceylon, but in Northern and N.W. India most of the 
birds are somewhat intermediate. Ceylon specimens measure 
about 10*5 inches in length, wing 6*9 to 7*6, tail 4*8 to 5*5. 


Hah. Erom Ceylon throughout British India, as far west as 
Bajputana and the Punjab. While most of the specimens of the 
larger form seem to migrate in winter, the small form is apparently 
mostly resident. In Ceylon and South India it is nearly entirely 
confined to the mountains. 

a. 5 ad.sk. Sirza district, Punjab, Nov. Hume Coll. 
b, c, d. (S ', e. J Mount Aboo, April, June. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. 
/ . J imm. sk. Sambhur Lake, Aug. 9 (JR. Hume Coll. 

M. Adam), 
g. $ 
ad.; h-l 5 Etawah. Hume Coll. 
ad. et imm. sk. 
* It is rather uncertain to which form the name of C. indicus refers, and 
therefore I have not accepted it. See my remarks in the ' Ibis,' April 1802. 
CAVUIUUL&WM.

556 

PinwHl Coll. 

m. S ; ^? o. $ ad. Oudh. 
et imm. sk. 
p. J ad. sk. Saugor, Dec. Hume ColL 
Hume Coll. 

£. J inim. sk. Seoni, July. 

Hume OolL 

r. <J ad.; a-w. Imm. Kaipur, July. 
sk. 
v. (5 ad. sk. Khandeish, April {J. DavidHume 
Coil. 
son). 
Hume Coll. 

Ahmednuggur, April, May 
ad. sk. (S. B. Fairbmik). 
a1. § ad. sk. Ahmednuggur, Dec. 15 (S. B. Tweeddale Cull. 
F). 


to, 57. S ; y, *• S 

b', c'. S ad. sk. Malmbaleshwur, Dec. (S. B* Hume Coil. 
F-). 


r/'. Imm. sk. Belgaum, June {E. A. Butler). Hume Cull. 
e'. (5 ad. sk. Nellacotta, Wynaad, March II utne Coll. 


29 (W. Davison). 
/', /. 6 ad. sk. Nagargali, Feb. '2 (W. D-). Hume Cull. 
A', tv. 6 9 ad. sk. Nilghiris. 

Hume Coll. 
ft'. $ ad. sk. Kotaglierry, Nov. 12 (Mm Hume Coll. 
Cockbum). 
/'. c? ; m', n\ $ Ootacamtmd, Jan., Feb., June Hume Call. 
ad. sk. (W. D.). 
o\ $ ad. sk. Coonoor, April 10 (W. D.). Mump Coll. 
p\ q'. 6 $ ad. sk. Neddivuttum, March ( W. I).}. IIIItin4 Coll. 
r'. S ad. sk. Mysore, \Y. l)mmmf E*a. 

:r.\ 

s'. J ad. sk. Malabar. TwM&Male Cull 
35', iL Imm. sk. Madras. T. C J«rdun, E«a. 
'IV. 
v'f w'. $ $ ad. sk. Madras. Eev/IL II. Baber 


a?'. S ad. sk. Palani Hills, April (J£ Terry). II nine Coll. 
y'-a". $ ad. sk. Mynall, Travaneore, Feb., Hume Coll. 
March (F. Bourdiihm). 
w-ar. d; e",/". Travancore, Feb. March (F. Hume OIL 
$ ad. sk. B.). 
g", h". e ; *". $ Ceylon, May, Oct. Col. Vincent L*e»rge 
ad. sk. 


20. Caprimulgns inornatns. 
Oaprimulgus, sp., Ileugl. Feterm. Geogr. Mitih 1861, pp. 21, 30 
(Tedjura). 

Oaprimulgus 
inornatus, FLetigl. Orn. N.Q.~Afr. i. p. 120 (18*59; 
Bogos); Finsch $ Earth Tog. O.-Afr. p. 120 (1870); Bkmf. 
Geol # Zool. Abyss, p. 337 (1870 j ; Fin#c/i, Tram. ZuoL &JC. vii. 

p. 211 (1870; Abyssinia); An tin. <| Salmi. Ann. Mm, Cir. 
Gen. 1873, p. 432 (Bogos); Bohm, J.f.O. 1883, p. 17«; Srhtdow, 
t c p. 352 (Inter. E. Africa); Salvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. (ten. xxi. 
p. 264 (1884); Radde, Orn. Cauccw. p. 21)5 (1884 ; Tiflis). 
Oaprimulgus einnaniomeus, Sharpe, Ibis, 1871, p. 414 (Lugo*, W. 
Air.); Buttih. Not Leyd. Mm. vii. p. 1515 (188r>; Liberia/. 
?Oaprimulgus, sp., Blanf. Fast Penia, ii« p. I'M (1870). 

Adult mule. Upper surface greyish brown, very finely vcrmiculated 
with darker brown ; some very small but distinct Mack KJK>IS 
or streaks on the top of the head, less distinct on the baek, wme 


1 . CAPRIMTJLGTTS. 
•what larger on the scapulars ; primaries deep brown, first, second, 
and third with large white spots, that on the first not reaching the 
shaft, that on the second extending to the shaft and often to the 
outer web, that on the third always distinct on both webs, at least 
small indications of a white spot on the inner web of the fourth 
primary; wing-coverts with fulvous-isabelline spots ; two outermost 
rectiices with their tips white for about two inches; chin, 
throat, and breast resembling the upper parts in coloration; no 
distinct white spots on the throat, but generally an obsolete whitish 
space in the middle of it; abdomen fulvous isabelline with blackish-
brown bars; lower abdomen and under tail-coverts less frequently 
barred and often almost uniform. Total length about 9'b inches, 
wing 6*2 to 6'5, tail 4*7; tarsus feathered in front, 0*6 inch in 
length. 
Adult female. Similar to the male, but wants the white spots on 
the primaries and the white tips to the outer tail-feathers, the 
primaries being irregularly barred with brownish buff. 

Young. Paler and less distinctly marked; the young male has no 
white on the primaries and rectrices. 

There are great variations in colour, some specimens being very 
rufous in tint, others more brown, and others again very dark grey. 
Hcuglin believed that the rufous tint is a sign of age, which is 
certainly not the case. Judging from the specimens which I 
have seen, this tint seems to be independent of age and sex and 
merely an individual character. Sharped C. cinnamomeus is an 
extremely rufous specimen, but others from North-eastern Africa 
are almost identical. 

Hah. Erom the absence of specimens from so many countries it 
is difficult to define the distribution of this species, but it is certainly 
much larger than has hitherto been supposed. It ranges throughout 
Abyssinia from the Bogos Country to Shoa and the Adal Coast, and 
to Makarungu in Eastern Africa, and doubtless occurs from Northeastern 
Africa to the northern parts of Western Africa, at least from 
Liberia to Lagos. 

A specimen procured by Mr. Blanford in E. Persia is probably 
referable to this species, and Eadde records the occurrence of a 
single specimen in the Caucasus. These two localities, however, 
require confirmation. 

a.
b.
e, 
J ad. sk. 
5 ad. sk.
dte. <$ $ adsk. 
Koomaylee, Abyssinia,
March 18 ( W. Jesse). 
Kokai, Bogos-land, Aug. 9(W. Jesse), 
. Kokai, Aug. 9 ( W. Jesse). 
Sharpe Coll. 
Salvin-G-odman Coll. 
Sharpe & Tweeddale 
Colls. 
f-i. (S ad. sk. Ain, Bogos, July 5 ( W. Jesse). Tweeddale, Sharpe, 
& Salvin-Godman 
Colls. 
h,
m, 
I <$ ad. etimm. sk. 
n, o. $ ad. eimm. sk. 
Ain, 1200 ft., Aug. 16.
t Bogos-land. 
W. T. Blanford, Es(£. 
[0.]. 
Mr. Esler [C], 

558 CAPRIMULGIItJE. 

p9 q. Imm. sk. Bogos (Fsler). Shelley Coll. 
Imm. sk. Lagos, W. Africa. ^ Sharpe Coll. 
(Type of C. cinnamoi7iem, Sharpe.) 

21. Caprimulgns asiaticus. 
Bombay Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Sign. Suppl. i. p. 195 (1787). 
Caprimulgus asiaticus, Lath. Lid. Orn. ii. p. 588 (1790); Steph. Gen. 
Zool x. p. 15(5 (1817); Si/kes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 83 ; Gray % Hardw. 

III. Ind. Orn. i. pi. 34 (1832) ; Gray, Cat. Fissirostr. Brit. Mas. 
p. 8 (1848) ; Bli/th, Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. Beng. p. 83 (1849); id. 
Ibis, 1866, p. 342; Bp. Consp. i. p. 60 (1850); Horsf. $ Moore, 
Cat. B. Mus. E.L Co. p. 115 (1854); Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 197 
(1862); Bewail, Ibis, 1865, p. 406 (Centr. Lid.); id. Ibis, 1869, 
p. 406; Koenig-Warth. J. f. O. 1868, p. 378 (nidific); Gray, 
Eand-L i. p. 5/ (1869); Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 421 (Ceylon); 
E. Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, p. 406; Adam, Stray F. i. p. 371 (1873; 
Sambhur); Hume, Stray F i. p. 419 (1873); id. ibid. p. 432; id. 
p. 355; Fairbank, Stray F. iv. p. 254 (1876), v. p. 393 (187 
Palani Hills); FLume*fy Davison, Stray F. vi. p. 59 (1878); 
Davids. 8/ Wenden, Stray F. vii. p. 77 (1878: Deccan); Brooks, 
Stray F. vii. p. 169 (1878); Ball, Stray F. vii. p. 203 (Godaveri); 
Vidal, Straij F. ix. p. 48 (1880; S. Konkan); Held, Stray F. 
x. p. 20 (1880; Lucknow); Bingham, Sir. F. ix. p. 150 (1*80; 
Tenasserim); Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 377 (1882); Gates, Stray 
F. x. p. 185 (1882; Pegu); id. B. Burmah, ii. p. 17 (18*3); id. 
ed. Hume's Nests fy Fqgs Ind. B. p. 48 (1890); Davidson, Strat/ F. 
x. p. 294 (1882; Khaideish); Davison, Stray F. x. p. 349 (1882: 
Mysore); C. Swinh. Ibis, 1885, p. BO ; H. Parker, Ibis, 188C>, 
p. "184; Gigl. Avif. Ital. i. p. 331 (1889); Barnes, J. Bombay X 
E. Soc. iv. pi. i. (1889; eggs). 
Allied to C. nubicus, but the chin buff, not white : the white 
spots on the primaries smaller, the scapulars much brighter 
coloured; head generally boldly streaked with brownish black, a 
distinct rusty-buff band across the hind neck; scapulars with 
large black triangular spots, bordered with bright buff; first four 
primaries with white spots, that of the first roundish and not 
extending to the shaft nor continued on the outer web ; two outer 
rectrices on each side with a large terminal white patch, the next 
two pairs chiefly deep blackish brown, the central pair like the 
upper plumage; tarsi unfeathered except on the uppermost part. 
Total length about 9*5 inches, wing 5*8 to 6, tail 4*5, tarsus 0-78, 
culmen 0*35. 

The female does not differ from the male. 

Young. Young individuals are more sandy and nearly silvery 
grey; the buff band on the neck is hardly indicated; the scapulars 
and wings are more uniform; the abdomen not so distinctly barred; 
all colours less brilliant, but the white marks on the wings and 
tail like those of adult specimens. 

This species, like most of its congeners, varies greatly in coloration. 
Generally specimens from the sandy districts of Xorth


559 

1 . CA.PRIMTJLGTTS. 
western India are paler and more isabelline, while those from more 
wooded countries are somewhat darker as a rule. The white terminal 
patches on the outer rectrices vary in extent, and are often 
shaded with, buff, the outer web speckled with greyish, but this is 
not a sign of immaturity nor is it peculiar to the female. Sometimes 
the outer web of the first primary shows an indication of a 
white spot on the outer margin, but the white spot on the inner 
web varies very little and never reaches the shaft. 

Hah. From the Punjab, Eajputana, and Kutch, throughout the 
whole of India and Ceylon, Assam, Burmah, to the south of Tenasserim, 
but not found in the Malay peninsula. 

«, b. S ad. sk. Kutch, Jan., Feb. (F. Stol-Hume Coll. 
iczka). 

c. J ad. sk. Gondul, Kathiwar, Dec. 31. Col. Hayes Lloyd 
[p.]. 
d, e. 3 ad. et Deesa, May, July (B. A. But


Hume Coll. 

iinm. sk. ler). 
/. <? ; ff, h. 2 Sambhur Lake, Jan., May, Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. 

June (B. M. Adam). 
i, k. <$ ad. sk. 

Jodhpur, Nov. Hume Coll. 

m. $ ; n. % Gurgaon district, Dec, Feb. Hume Coll 
l}

(W.N. Chill).
ad. sk. 

Sir^a district, Dec. 14 (A. 0. Hume Coll. 

o. $ ad. sk. 
jr.). 

Jhansi, Oct. [A. 0. H). Hume Coll. 

r. 
6 ', s, t. 2 ad. Etawah, Jan. Hume Coll. 
et imm. sk. 
u. S ad. sk. Rrfmnagar, April 6. Hume Coll. 
v. <S imm. sk. Saharunpur. 
Hume Coll. 
w. Ad. sk. Agra. 
Hume (Joil 
x. 3 ad. sk. Oudh, Jan. Hume Coll. 
y, z, a'. <$ ad. sk. Oudh. Pinwill Coll. 
b'. Ad. sk. Bengal (Dr. Falconer). India Museum [P.]. 
c'. Ad. sk. Saugor (Hooper). India Museum [P.J. 
d'9 e'. Ad. sk, Kamptee. Dr. K. B. Hinde 
/. <$ ad. sk. Malphur, Jan. 22. Hume Coll. 
g', h'. s ; •*, V, Kkandeish (J. Davidson). Hume Coll. 

V. $ ad. sk. 
Decern (Col. Sykes). India Museum. 

m'j ri. Ad. sk. 

Deccan {Burgess). India Museum. 

or. Ad. sk. 

Ahmednuggur, Jan., Feb. (S. Tweeddale Coll. 

Z>'* 6 5 <?', r>. $ 

B. Fairhank).
ad. sk. 

Bangalore (22. G. W. It.). Tweeddale Coll. 

s', if. 3 2 ad. sk. 

Mysore, May, July. W. Davison, Esq. 

u'} v'. 3 ad. sk. 

DP-]


«?',#', y'. Ad.sk. Malabar. Tweeddale Coll. 
z'. $ ad. sk. Palani Hills, June 5 (S. B. F.). Hume Coll. 
a". <3 ad, sk. Anjango, Travancore, Dec. Hume Coll. 


Ceylon, Jan. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

h"-S. 6; /'


i". ? ad. sk. 

A", I". $ ? ad. Ceylon, May (Hart). Hume Coll. 
sk. 


m". <5 $ ad. sk. Maunbhoom (B. C. Beavan). Tweeddale Coll. 
n". Ad. sk. Barrackpore, Nov. (R. C. JB.). Tweeddale Coll. 


560 C1PRIMULGTD.E. 

o". $ ad. sk. Calcutta, Jan. 2. Hume Coll 

y . Ad. sk. Assam (McClelland), India Museum. 
a". J ad. sk. Tippera. Hume Coll. 
r". Ad. sk. Karen Hills (JR. G. W. JR.). Tweeddale Coll. 
*". Ad. sk. Tonghoo. Tweeddale Coll. 
t", u". Ad. sk. Tlwetmvo (22. G. W. P.). Tweeddale Coll. 
v", w". 6 2 ad. Pegu, Feb., Dec. Cates Coll. 
sk. 
x'f. 5 ad. sk. Thoungyeen River, Tenasserim, Hume Cull. 


Xov. 4 (C. T. Bingkam). 
y". d ad. sk. Moulmein, Jan. (J. Barling). Hume Coll. 
z". g ad. sk. Amherst, March (W. Damson). Hume Cull. 


22. Caprimulgns nubicus. 
Caprimulgus nubicus, Lieht Verz. JDouhL p. 59 (1823); Cass, Oaf, 
Capr. Ac. Phil p. 3 (1851); Cab. fy Heine, Mm. Hem. ill p. 89 
(1860); Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 127(1809); Blanf. QtoL $ 
Zool Abyss, p. 336 (1870); Salvin, Cat. fttriekl. Coll p. #76 
(1882); Hartert, Kat. Vogels. Mm. Senck. Frank/, p. 121 (Mil); 
id. Ibis, 1802, p. 280. 

Caprimulgus infufecatus, Cretzsclmi., Pilpp. Ail p. 0, pi. vi. (1826); 
Pilpp. Syst. Uebers. p. 21 (1845); Bp. Consp. i. p. 59 (1K30) ; 
Heugl Syst. Uebers. p. 21 (1856); id. J.f.O. Ibtj4, p. 244. 

Caprimulgus poliocephalus, Heugl (nee Pupp.\f Ibia, lb'M7 p. 33i). 

Caprimulgus tamaricis, Tristr. P. Z. S. 1*04, pp. 170, 4o0 (Palt^tine); 
id. Ibis, 1866, p. 73,pi. ii.; id. Stray P. \iil p. 417 ilhiii); 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 06 (1869); Heugl 6m. N.O.-Afr. I p. 132 
(1869); Finsch $ Hartl. Tog. Q.-Afr. p. 125 (1^70); Cab. 

J. f. O. 1878, p. 236 (E. Afr.); Gigl Ibis, 1881, p. 191 (Itaiv !'); 
Schalow, J. f. O. 1883, p. 351 (E. Afr.); Bohrn, J. f. O. 18b3, 
p. 176. 
Above brownish grey to greyish "brown with longitudinal blackish 
streaks, especially visible on the top of the head ; a pale orange-
buff or yellowish-buff collar speckled with dark brown round the 
hind neck; some buff spots on the head, neck, scapulars, and wing-
coverts ; two outer rectrices with white tips for about one inch and 
more ; chin and large spot on each side of the lower surface of the 
neck white; breast mixed brownish, greyish, and isabelline; 
abdomen, distinctly barred; lower tail-coverts uniform; the first 
four primaries with large white spots, the next ones reddish with 
greyish-brown tips and deep brown spots. Total length about 9 
inches, wing 5*7 to 5*9, tail 4*3, culmen 0-35, tarsus 0-3, not 
feathered except on the uppermost part. 

The sexes are probably not different. 

One of Riippell s specimens (his C. infuscatm) is more uniform 
and more isabelline above, and is probably a younger individual; 
the white spots on the primaries and on the rectrices are less pure, 

I have seen typical specimens of C. nubims, Licht, in the Berlin 
Museum, and have had the opportunityof comparing the types of Riippell's 
C. infuscatus as well as that of C. tamaricis of Tristram and aH 
Heuglin's specimens in the Stuttgart Museum. I have come to the 
conclusion that they undoubtedly belong to one species. 0. nubicus 

1 . CAPRIMULGUS. 
5C1 

vory much, resembles C. asiaticus, but can easily be distinguished by 
the larger size of the white spots on the primaries, the white chin, 
and the more subdued colour of the scapulars. 

Ifab. Shoa, Nubia, and Palestine (will probably be found in 
some parts of Arabia). 

a. S ad. sk. Palestine. Canon Tristram [C.]. 
b. $ ad. sk. ZouHa, Abyssinia, Feb. 10. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.], 
23. Caprimulgus mahrattensis. 

Caprimulgus mahrattensis, Syhes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 83 (Deccan); 
id. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1834, p. 422 ; Blyth, Cat B, Mus. As. Soc. 

p. 83 (1849); Gould, B. Asia, i. pi. 19 (1850); Bp. Consp. i. 
p. 60 (1850); Horsf. $ Moore, Cat B. Mus. EL Co. i. p. 114 
(1854); Blyth, Ibis, 1862, p. 304; Jerd. B. India, i. p. 197 (1862); 
Gray, Eand-l i. p. 57 (1869) ; Hayes Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, p. 406; 
mime, Str. F. i. p. 167 (1873), vii, p. 161 (1878; Sindh) ; Butt 
Stray F. iii. p. 455 (1875); id. op. cit ix. p. 381 (1880) ; Fairh 
Str. F. iv. p. 254 (1876); Blanf. E. Persia, ii. p. 128 (1876) ; 
Eoig, Str. F. viii. p. 372 (1879; E. Narra, breeding); Davidson, 
Str. F. x. p. 295 (1882); St John, Ibis, 1889, p. 156; Barnes, J. 
Bombay A7". H. Soc. iv. pi. i. (1889; eggs); Oates, ed. Hume's Nests 
# Eggs hid. B. iii. p. 49 (1890). 
Caprimulgus arenarius, Blyth, Ibis, 1862, p. 386. 

Adult male. In general coloration very similar to the larger 

C. cegyptius. from which it differs at a glanoe by the colour of the 
primaries. The colour of the upper parts is exactly like that of 
the ordinary dark specimens of C. cegyjotius, and that of the under 
surface does not differ perceptibly. The wing is much shorter; 
the first three primaries deep brown, rufous isabelline near the base, 
and with large white spots in the middle of the feather; on the 
first primary the white spot is clearly defined on the inner web and 
a part of the shaft only, but always reaches the shaft; on the 
second and third it is spread over both webs ; the other quills are 
deep brown, bordered and spotted with rufous-buff; the two outermost 
rectrices are white for at least one third of their length, these 
white spots more or less distinctly bordered with pale isabelline. 
Total length about 9*5 inches, wing 6*8, tail 4*1; tarsus not 
feathered in front except on the uppermost part, 0*7 inch in length. 
Adult female. Similar to the male, but having the two outermost 
rectrices unhanded for about half an inch only, and pale sandy 
isabelline instead of white; the white spots on the primaries 
generally less pure. 

Young. Young individuals are paler, the dark markings and the 
white spots on the throat less pure, the abdomen indistinctly 
banded. Young males have the white spots on the tail and 
primaries well developed, and differ from young females in the same 
way as the adult. 

Hah. Afghanistan and the plains of N".W. India as far south as 
the Deccan. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. Afghanistan {Griffith). India Museum [P.], 
VOL. xvi. 2 o 

c-g. S ; *• $ ad. 

sk. 
«. c? ad. sk. 
ft. (5 ad. sk. 

I 
$ ad. sk. 

m. 2 ad- sk. 
d ad. sk. 
c? ad. sk. 

g. c? 2 ad. sk. 
<? ad. sk. 
s, t $ $ ad. sk. 

w-3. (5 ad. et 
imm.; a'. 2 
ad. sk. 

b'. <$ ad. sk. 
c'. 2 ad. sk. 
d'. 2 imm. sk. 


oiPTtnirL&TDja. 

Sindh, April to July (A. 0. 

Kummel Khan, Sindh, Jan. 24. 
Mittenkote, Sindh, Jan. IS (A. 

0. H.). 
Cutch, Jan. (F. Stoliczka). 
Gondul, Kattiawar, Bee. 1. 
Guzerat. 
Ahmedabad, Feb. 10. 
Delhi (C. T. Bingham). 
Bhawulpur, Feb.' 14 (C. H. T. 


Marshall). 
Umballa, Feb. (Dr. Scott). 
Sirza District, Feb., July. 

Peshawur. 
Khandeish, Dec. (J. Davidson). 
Deccan (Col Sylces). 


Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Col. Hayes Llovd 
PP.". 
Hume" Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Col. Wade [P.". 
Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 


(Type of species.) 

24. Caprimnlgns asgyptins*. 
Caprimulgus asgyptius, Licht. Verz. Douhl. p. 59 (1823) ; Cass. Cat 
Caprim. Coll Ac. JPhilad. p. S (1851) ; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hei?i. 

iii. p. 89 (1860) ; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 50 (1809); Shelley, B. Egypt, 
p. 175, pi. viii. (1872); Kmgl Orn. K.O.-Afr. i. p. 127 (1874); 
Seek Ibis, 1877, p. 163 (Heligoland); id. Ibis, 1882, p, 424; id. 
Hist Brit B. ii. p. 315 (1884); Giql. Ibis, 1881, p. 191 (Malta); 
Dresser, Hist B. Eur. iv. p. G29, pi. 272 (1881) ; WhitaUr, Zoologist, 
1883, p. 374 (England); Gumey, Ibis, 1884, p. 173 (England) 
; Koenig, J. f. O. 1888, p. 165 (Tunis); Gigl. Avif. lial i. 
p. 330 (1889): G'dtke, Helgoland, p. 443 (1891). 
Caprimulgus isabellinus, 
Temm. PI Col. 379 (1825); Less. TraiU 
dDmitk p. 266 (1831); Hupp. Syst TJebers. Yog. X.O.-Afr. 

p. 22 (1845); Bp. Consp. L p. 60 (1850); Malh. Faun. Ornith. 
Alger, p. 9 (1855); Loche, Cat. Mamm. et Ois. Alger, p. 97 
(1858); id. Expl Sol Alger., Ois. ii. p. 105 (1867) ; Taylor, Ibis, 
1859, p. 46 (Egypt); Adams, Ibis, 1864, p. 13 (Egypt) ; Koenig-
Warth. J.f.O. 1868, p. 366 (nidific.) ; Shelley, Ibis, 1871, p. 47 ; 
Severtz. J. f. 0.1875, p. 179. 
Caprimulgus arenicolor, Severtz. Ibis, 1875, p. 491 (Turkestan) 
(type examined); Dresser, Ibis, 1876, p. 190; Seek IS£s,1877,p. 163. 
Caprimulgus asiaticus (nee Lath.), Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. y. pt. 3, 

p. 83 (1889). 
Adult The colour of the upper surface is a beautiful mixture of 
greyish isabelline, sandy buff, and blackish brown, the general 
appearance being sandy isabelline; on the top of the head and on 
the scapulars larger blackish spots are developed, the tail is banded 
with the same colour, the outer reetrices are more or less uniform 

* Koenig^Warth. J. f. O. 1868, p. 367, mentions an egg of Capr. fasciatus, 
Hempr. & War. and Thienem. MS., as probably belonging to C. mgyptius. Herr 
Matschie, of the Berlin Museum, kindly informs me that the egg mentioned 
I. c. is not in the Museum, and that Hempr. & Ehr. did not collect any other 
species of G-oatsucker but C. infuscatus (nubicus). Therefore it is probable that 
C. fasciatas is merely a lapsus calami for C. wfuscaftts. 
1. CAPRIMTTLGUS. 
on the tips; primaries deep brown, the outer webs spotted or 

banded with brownish buff; inner webs white along the inner 

margin, this colour forming deep sinuations not quite reaching the 

shaft and leaving the tips dark for one or two inches; two white 

spots on the throat; abdomen pale sandy isabelline, narrowly barred 

with blackish, becoming more or less uniform on the lower abdomen 

and under tail-coverts, the longest of which generally again show 

distinct bars. Total length about 10*5 inches, wing 7*6 to 8-2, tail 

5-1, tarsus 0*8, the latter not feathered in front except on the 

uppermost part. 

The female does not differ from the male. 

Younger birds are more rufous in colour, but otherwise do not 

differ from adult specimens. 

Some specimens are more isabelline than others, but no local form 

is recognizable. 

Bah. From Algiers and Tunis to Egypt and Nubia; from Kras


nowodsk on the Caspian Sea throughout Turkestan, Afghanistan, 

and Baluchistan. It has occurred as a straggler on Malta and 

Sicily, and has been shot once in England and also on Heligoland. 

a. Ad. sk. Egypt. Purchased. 
b. <3 imm. sk. Egypt, April 6. Shelley Coll. 
c. c? ad. sk. Fayoom, March 4. Shelley Coll. 
d, e. $ ad. sk. Fifth Cataract of the Nile. Sir F. Galton [P.]. 
Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Old Coll.

/. 

h. $ ad. sk. Fao, Persian Gulf, Aug. 26. W. D. Cumming,
9, 

Esq. [P.] 

k. $ 2 a(*-fik-Tirphul, N. Afghanistan, April.)r Aitchis
Dr.
.. Aitchison [C.1. 

m. <$ $ ad. sk.Lower Oxus, Aug., Oct. " Dr. Severtzoff [C 
25, Caprnuulgus eximius. 

Caprimulgus eximius, Temm. PI. Col. 398 (ex Hupp. MS.) (1826); 
Hupp. Syst. Uebers. p. 22 (1845); Bp. Consp. i. p. 60 (1850); 
HeugL Journ.f. Orn. 1864, p. 254; id. Orn. N.O.-Afr. I p. 130 
(1869); Sartert, Katal. Vogeh. Mus. Bench, p. 121 (1891) ; id. 
Ibis, 1892, p. 279, pi. vi. 

Adult Above golden buff, almost chestnut-buff on the back and 
rump, all the feathers ornamented with white bars or spots, which 
are speckled with black; quills brown, with chestnut-buff bars and 
large white spots to the first three primaries ; upper wing-coverts 
like the back, edged with whitish; rectrices pale chestnut-buff with 
whitish bars, which are speckled with black, outer ones with uniform 
blackish-brown bars, the two outermost on each side with large 
white terminal patches ; throat and breast like the upper parts, the 
greater part of the throat occupied by a large, almost triangular spot 
of silky white; abdomen very pale isabelline buff, becoming whitish 
on the under tail-coverts; under wing-coverts buff; rectrices underneath 
pale buff with blackish bars : the bases of all the feathers 
blackish: bill and legs pale. Total length about 9*5 inches, wing 7, 

tail 4*5, tarsus about 0*7, culm en 0*4, (Described from a typical 
specimen in the Erankfort Museum.) 
2o 2 

564 
CAPRIMTTLGIDiE. 

A second specimen, without white patches to the outer rectrices, 
is probably a female. 
Hah. Only found in Sennaar by Dr. Biippell, and never procured 
since. Specimens are in the Erankfort and Leyden Museums. 

26. Caprimulgus natalensis. 
Caprimulgus natalensis, 
Smith, III Zool 8. Afr., Birds, pi. 99 
(1845); Bp. Cony?, i. p. GO (1850); Cass. Cat. Caprim. Ac. Nat. 
8c. Philad. p. 3 (1851) j Gumeij, Ibis, 1859, p. 243, I860, p. 204 
(Natal); id. Ibis, 1868, p. 151; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 58 (1869); 
Finsch $ JSarfL Fog. O.-Afr. p. 122 (1870) ; Sharpe, ed. Laijardls 

B. 8. Afr. p. 88 (1873). 
Adult male. A narrow line on the forehead and supraloral streak 
isabelline; centre of the crown black, streaked with clear brown ; 
the sides of the crown mixed with silvery grey; back and rump 
deep chocolate with reddish-brown spots; scapulars and wing-
coverts lighter and darker brown mixed with blackish; central 
rectrices blackish brown, crossed by darker-speckled light bars ; 
two outer rectrices on each side blackish at base, about the terminal 
half (a little more on the first and a little less on the second) of the 
inner web and often the whole of the outer white, shaded with 
isabelline on the external edges; primaries deep chocolate-brown, 
ochra<?eous buff near the base of the inner web, with large white 
spots tinged with sandy buff on the margins on the first four; a 
large white spot on the throat, lower throat blackish brown with 
deep sandy-buff spots ; breast deep sandy buff, barred with brown; 
lower abdomen and under tail-coverts uniform. Total length about 
9 inches, wing 6*4, bill 4*2, tarsus 0*8, unfeathered to almost the 
whole of its length. 
Adult female. Similar to the male; but distinguishable by the 
back and rump being a little paler, by the spots on the primaries 
being smaller and sandy buff, and followed by another sandycoloured 
spot nearer to the base. The spot on the throat is also not 
pure white; and the outer tail-feathers are brown, barred with dull 
or brownish sandy buff. 
Eab. S.E. Africa, reoccurring on the Gold Coast. 
a,b. o* ; c, d. $ Natal (Ayres). Sharpe Coll. 

e. 
cf'ad.;/. <3 Natal {McKen). Shelley Coll. 
imm. sk. 
g, h. <$ ad. sk Port Natal. Sir A. Smith. 
(Types of the species.) 
i,k. 
d 2 a^-s^. Pinetown, Natal, May, June Shelley Coll. 
(Ayres). 

I. (S ad. sk. Ninquah, Dec. Shelley Coll. 
m. dad. sk. Christiansborg, Gold Coast, Jan. Shelley Coll. 
Subsp. a. Caprimulgus fulviventris, 
Caprimulgus fulviventris, Marti. J.f. 0. p. 102 (Angola). 
Caprimulgus accrae, Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 379 (Accra). 


This is merely a northern form of C. natalensis, but is less 

1. OAPEIMULGTJS. 
brilliantly coloured and smaller. The type of C. fulviventris is a 

trifle smaller than 0. natalensis, with the wing measuring 6 inches; 

it is somewhat more uniform on the back, neck, and breast. There 

are also two specimens from Gaboon, male 
and female, which are 

similar to the bird from Angola, but are 
still smaller, the wing 

measuring 5*5 inches only and the tail 3'6; and then there is a 

single specimen from Accra (the type of C. accrce), a very pale bird 

in somewhat worn plumage, which in size closely resembles the type 

from Angola, the wing measuring 5-8 inches and the tail 3*9. 

I recognize, therefore, a northern form of O. natalensis, which I 

think should bear the name of C. fulviventris, its oldest appellation. 

More information is much wanted about this form to confirm its 

validity and to determine its limits. At present T prefer to keep it 

distinct from the southern C. natalensis, but the specimens from 

Gaboon lead me to unite 0. fulviventris and 
C. accrce. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Bembe, Angola. Monteiro Coll. (Type 
of C. fulviventris, Hartl.) 
b. 2 ad. sk. Gaboon. M. A. Bouvier [0.]. 
c. <5 ad. sk. Gaboon. H. T. Ansell, Esq. [P.]. 
d. <$ inmi. sk. Accra (Smith). Sharpe Coll. (Type of 
C. accrce, Shelley.) 
27. Caprimulgus carolinensis. 
Le Tette-chevre de la Caroline, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 475 (1760). 

Caprimulgus carolinensis, Gm. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 1028 (1788); Steph. 

Gen. Zool. x. p. 149 (1824) ; ' Wilson, Amer. Orn. p. 297, pi. 54 

(1832); Aud. Orn. Biog. i. p. 273, pi. 52, v. p. 401 (1839); Koenig-

Warth. J.f. 0. 1868, p. 368 (nidification). 

Caprimulgus lucifugus, Bartr. Trav. Florida, p. 290 (1791). 
Caprimulgus brachypterus, Steph. Gen. Zool. x. p. 150 (1824). 
Antrostomus carolinensis, Gould, Icon. Av. (1838); Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 60 (1850); Cass. Br. Ac. Phil. v. p. 183 (1851); Cab. <$• Seine, 
Mtts. Hein. iii. p. 90 (1860); Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 280 (1862) ; 
Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 470 (Texas); Salvin, Ibis, 1866, p. 195; 
Scl. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 136; Gray, Eand4. i. v. 58 (1869); Coues, 
Key N. Amer. B. p. 180 (1872) ; Scl fy Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotr. 
p. 96 (1873) ; Baird, Brew., $ Mdgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 410 (1874); 
Gundl. J. /. O. 1874, p. 120 (Cuba); Memtt, Proc. U. S. Nat. 
Mus. i. p. 146 (1878); Scl 8? Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 531; Cory, B. 
Bahamas, p. 104 (1880); Nutting, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 375 
(1883 ; Costa Eica) ; Cory, B. Haiti & S. Domingo, p. 84 (1885) ; 
id. Auk, 1886, p. 341; id. B. W. Ind. I p. 136 (1889) ; Fox, Auk, 
1886, p. 319; Bidgw. Man. N. Am. B. p. 298 (1887); Chapman, 
Auk, 1888, p. 272; Scott, Auk, 1889, p. 252. 
Adult male. Bristles of the gape with lateral filaments. Upper 
parts dark brown much mottled with rufous-brown; black streaks 
along the top of the head and back, somewhat less longitudinal on 
the lower rump and upper tail-coverts; some pale ochraceous 
streaks on the hind neck, forming a kind of very indistinct collar; 
scapulars with black central spots and rufous-buff markings ; upper 
wing-coverts with rufous-buff terminal spots ; quills deep brown, 
spotted and irregularly barred on the outer and inner webs with 
ochraceous; rectrices ochraceous, mottled and indistinctly barred 

CAPKIMULGIILE. 

with black, the three outer pairs more or less uniform ochraceous 

near the tips, about the terminal half or more of the inner webs 

silky white above, ochraceous-bufT from below; lower parts pale 

fulvous, mottled and barred with blackish ; throat with a transverse 

bar of buff; breast darker; vent and lower tail-coverts more uni


form ; under wing-coverts deep brown, barred with ochraceous 

buff. Total length about 11 to 12 inches, wing 8-3 to 8*8, tail 6% 

tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. The whole of the tail-feathers mottled, without any 

white, or uniform 
ochraceous; the white patches on the outer 

rectrices vary in extent, sometimes occupying nearly the whole 

length, the terminal half of the outer web and the tip being 

sometimes quite uniform, sometimes mottled—the former character 

denoting the older individuals. 

Bab. Southern Atlantic and Gulf States of North America and 

lower Mississippi Valley, north to North Carolina and Southern 

Illinois, south to Guatemala, Costa Eica, and Colombia ; islands of 

Cuba, Porto Eico, 
Jamaica, Haiti, and San Domingo, and the 

a. S ad. sk. S. Carolina (Lmvmice). Sclater Coll. 
b, c. 6 ; d. $ Tarpon Springs, Florida, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (Scott). 

e. 
§ ad. sk. Miami, Florida, April 23 (Hen-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
shaw). 
/. c? ad. sk. Ocklawaha E., Florida, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
17 (CB.Memam). 
g-h. <3 ; /. $ ad. Da Soto County, Florida, April, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. June, & Nov. (Scott). 

m. 
$ ; n. $ ad. Corpus Ckristi, Texas, Oct., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. Nov. (F. B. Armstrong). 
o. $ ad. sk. Hildago, Texas, April 10 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Armstrong). 
p. 2 ad. sk. San Francisco. Purchased. 
q. tf ad. &k. N. Leon, Mexico, April (ArmSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
strong). 
r. <? ad. sk. Sierra S. Domingo, Tehuante-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
pec, Mexico, April (Bzchardson). 
s. J ad. sk. Duenas, Guatemala (0. Salviri). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t. <$ ad. sk. Costa Rica (Fndres). Salvin-Godman Coll, 
u, $ ad. sk. Volcano of Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
v. J ad. sk. Medellin, U.S. of Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Salmon). 
w. J ad. sk. Samana, San Domingo, Feb. 22 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(McGhigor). 
28. Caprimulgus rufus. 
Engoulevent roux de Cayenne, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. n. 545 
(1779). . F 
Crapaud volant ou Tette-chevre de Cayenne, Baubent. PI Enl. 735 

(1783). 
The Eufous Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Sijn. ii. p. 597 (178S). 
Caprimulgus rufus, Bodd. Tabl Tl. JEnl. p. 46 (1783); Gm.Syst. Nat. 

1 . CAPBIMTJLGUS. 
567 

ii. p. 1030 (1788): 
Vieill. Nouv. Diet. x. p. 244: id. Enc. Mith. 
p. 541 (1823). 
Antrostomixs rufus, Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil. v. p. 183 (1851); Scl. P. Z. S. 
1866, pp. 136, 585; Scl $ Salv. Noynmcl. Av. Neotr. p. 96 (1873); 
Tacz. Orn. Perou, i. p. 219 (1884),* Cory, Auk, 1885, p. 341: id. 

B. W. Ind. i. p. 136 (1889). 
Antrostomus rutilus, Burm. Sust. TJeb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 385 (1856); 
Scl. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 652 (S. Lucia). 
Antrostomus ornatus, Scl. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 586, pi. xlv.; Gray, 
Hand-l. i. p. 59 (1869). 
Anstrostomus cortapau, Pelz. Orn. Bras. pp. 13, 53 (1867 ; ex Natt. 
MS). 

In general appearance similar to A. oarolinensis^ but easily dis


tinguished by the rictal bristles having no lateral filaments, by its 

smaller size, shorter wings and tail, and generally darker coloration 

above and somewhat more rufous colour on the lower parts; the 

white or olivaceous-buff terminal patches on the rectrices are, as a rule, 

less extended, never occupying more than half the length. Total 

length about 10'5 to 11 inches, wing 6*8 to 7*4, tail 5*2, tarsus 0*7. 

The female differs from the male in the same way as that of 

C. earolinensis. 
Young birds are much lighter, the feathers being whitish buff 
with a brownish-black rhomboid or rounded spot near the tip and 
having dusky bases ; the lower parts banded. In a more advanced 
age they are similar to the adult bird, but more rufous. 

Rah. From Panama throughout the tropical parts of South 
America. 

a. $ ad. sk. Sta. Lucia, W. Ind. {Semper). Sclater Coll. 
6, c. <$ 2 a^-s^« Sta. Lucia. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
South slope of Volcano of Ohi-Salvin-Godman Coll. 

d. $ ad. sk. 
riqui, Panama (Arce). 

e. S 
ad. sk. San Cristobal; Venezuela Sclater Coll. 
{Goering). 
f. Imm, sk. Caracas, Venezuela. Tweeddale Coll. 
g. 2 ad. sk. Para, Brazil. 
Sclater Coll. 
h. j imm. sk. Para {Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
i. S ad. sk. Pemainbuco {Craven). Sclater Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Bahia. Purchased. 
I, m, n. <$ ad. et Bahia, Brazil ( Wucherer). Sclater & Salvinimm. 
sk. Godman Colls. 
or p. J ad. sk. Bio Janeiro. Sclater Coh. 
(Types of C. ornatus, Scl.) 
q, r. $ ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

s. $ ad. sk. S. America. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t. $ ad. sk. S. America. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
29. Caprimulgus sericeocaudatus. 
Antrostomus sericeocaudatus, Cass. Pr. Ac. Phil. iv. p. 238, pi. xii. 
(1850); Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 280 (1862) ; id. P. Z. S. 1866, 
pp. 137, 585 ; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 13 (1867); Scl. $ Salv. Nomencl. 
Av. Neotr. pi 96 (1873). 

Adult male. Deep brown above, the feathers blackish along the 

CAPR1MULGID-E. 

shaft, laterally mottled and barred with pale rufous; top of the 
head and scapulars lighter, hut the black spots much bolder; round 
the neck a not very obvious band of rufous; primaries deep brown, 
largely spotted with rufous on the outer webs, the secondaries 
spotted on both webs; rectrices deep brown mottled with rufous, 
the three outer pairs broadly tipped with silky white fringed with 
rusty, the white tips largest on the outer pair; lower parts deep 
brown, barred with pale rufous or buff, and with large buff terminal 
spots to the feathers. Total length about 12 inches, wing 7'3, 
tail 6, tarsus 0*8; longest rictal bristles nearly 1 | inches in length. 

Hab. South America (Brazil). (? Venezuela.) 

a. 3 ad. sk. S. America. Sclater Coll. 
30. Caprimulgus salvini. 
Antrostomus macromystax, Baird, Brew, fy Mdgw. (nee Wagl.) 
Amer. B. ii. p. 409 (1874); Ridgw. Man. N Am. B. p. 298 (1887). 
Caprimulgus salvini, Hartert, Ibis, 1892, p. 287. 

Adult male. Above deep brown, mottled with pale rufous-brown 
and with longitudinal black streaks; sides of the crown strongly 
mottled with whitish, feathers of the crown with large black terminal 
spots; a narrow rufous collar round the neck; scapulars very 
boldly marked; primaries deep brown, spotted with rufous on both 
webs; innermost secondaries whitish at the tips and margins ; three 
outer tail-feathers largely tipped with white, these white spots being 
largest on the lateral rectrices; two central pairs blackish, irregularly 
barred and mottled with pale rufous; sides of the head 
blackish, spotted with rufous; a large black malar patch; lower 
parts deep brown, mottled with pale rufous and largely tipped with 
buffy white terminally; feathers above the rufous collar on the 
lower neck very large, tipped with buffy white and with a narrow 
terminal line of black; middle of the throat without whitish colour; 
lower under wing-coverts deep brown, largely tipped with rufous-
buff. Total length about 10 to 10*5 inches, wing 6*7, tail 5'5, 
tarsus 0*78 ; longer rictal bristles 1*4 to 1*6. 

Adult female. Differs from the male in having the three outer 
rectrices tipped with buff. 
Hab. Mexico and Yucatan. 

a. $ ad. sk. Nuevo Leon, Mexico (F. B. ArmSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
strong). 
b. $ ad. sk. Merida, Yucatan, Jan. 7 (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gaumer). 

31. Caprimulgus vociferus. 
Caprimulgus vociferus, 
Wilson, Amer. Orn. v. p. 71, pi. 41 (1812) ; 
TMenem. Fortpfl. Vog. pi. xlii. fig. 17 (1854; egg); Ridgxv. Prod 

V. 8. Nat. Mus. iii. p. 5 (1880) ; Lawr. Auk, 1885, p. 272 : Aqersborg, 
Auk, 1885, p. 283 (S.E. Dakota). 
Caprimulgus clamator, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. x. p. 234 (1817) (pt.). 
Antrostomus vociferus, Bp. Comp. List, p. 8 (1838); id. Consp. i. p. 60 

(1850); Cass. Cat Caprim.Ac. Nat. So. Philad. p. 13 (1852); Baird, 

1. CAPKIMULGU8. 
5G9 

B. N. Amer. p. 148 (18150); Scl. §• Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. ^75 (Guatemala) 
j iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 06 (1878); iScl. Cat Am £ 
p. 280 (1802) ; id. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 137,- Blakist. Ibis, 1803, p. 55 J 
itaM, Brew, fy Bidgio. N. Am. ^.ii.p. 413(1874); Merrill, Proc 
U. S. Nat. Mus. \. pp. 143, 146 (1878); Salmi, Cat. Strickl. Coll. 
p. 379 (1882); Swnichr. Naturaleza, v. p. 249 (1882; Mexico)-
Bidgw. Proc. U. 8. Nat Mus. ix. p. 158 (1886; Puebla); id. Man. 
N. Amer. B. p. 299 (1887); Brewst. Auk, iii. p. 104 (1886; North 
Carolina); Hives, torn, cit p. 156; Lloydt Auk, 1887, p. 191 (W. 
Texas); Richmond, Auk, 1888, p. 21; Chapman, Auk, 1888, p. 272 
(Florida) ; Evermam, Auk, 1889, p. 2*2; Cory, Aide, 1889, p. 270 
(Porto Rico). 
Caprimulgus vociferous, Koenig-Warth. J.f.O. 1808, p. 309. 

Adult male. Crown ashy, minutely sprinkled with dusky, very 
narrowly streaked with black on the sides and very broadly in the 
middle; mantle somewhat darker ashy, narrowly streaked with 
black ; scapulars with very bold black spots and pale outer margins; 
quills deep blackish brown, spotted and irregularly banded with 
ochraceous on the outer and inner webs; about the terminal third 
or more of the inner web of the outermost tail-feather, a much 
smaller part of the outer web of the same tail-feather, a little more 
than the terminal third of the following two pairs of rectrices snowy 
white above, often margined with buff, pale buff below; two 
central pairs of rectrices grey, mottled and irregularly barred with 
black and buff; chin and upper throat black, narrowly barred with 
pale ochraceous * a broad band of white or buffy white across the 
lower part of the throat; breast mottled greyish, brownish, and 
whitish ; abdomen similar but appearing almost buff from the broad 
terminal patches of the last-named colour; under wing-coverts 
almost pale ochraceous, bases of the feathers dusky like those of the 
feathers of the whole upper and lower plumage. Total length about 
9*5 to 10 inches, wing 5-8 to 6-3, tail 5*1 to 5-5. 


Adult female. Differs in having only broad buff edges to the three 
outer pairs of rectrices. 


Hah. Eastern United States of North America, north to Nova 
Scotia, New Brunswick, west to Manitoba and the edge of the Great 
Plains; south in winter throughout Mexico to Guatemala. 


a. <$ ad. sk. N. America (Hemhaw). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. 
$ ad. sk. Port Dnfferin. N. A. Boundary 
Comm. [P.]. 
c. S ad. sk. Chicago, 111. (Baird). Sclater Coll. 
d. 2 ad.sk- Englewood, 111. (Nelson). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. 2 ad. sk. Evanston, 111., May 7 (Frank Salvin-Godman Coll. 
L. Bice). 
f. 2 ad. sk. Michigan. 
Prof. Steere [P.], 
g. 
2 ad. sk. Grantville, Mass., July 12 Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
(Benshaw). 
h-L 
<$ 2 &&- New Haven, Conn., May, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (Hart Merriam). 

m. 
d ; w, o. 2 Washington, D. C, April, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. (Henshaw). 
p. 
2 ad. sk. Texas (Lawrence). Sclater Coll. 
CAPRIlIULGUDiE. 

570 

(j. $ ad. sk. Brownsville, Texas, April (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. Annstrong). 
r. $ ; s. § ad. sk. Hidalgo, Texas, April (F. B. A). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t. S ad. sk. Corpus Christi, Texas (F. B. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u. <$ ad. sk. San Patricio, Texas, Dec. (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. A.). 
v. (S hum. sk, Bio Fuerte, Sinaloa, Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Lloyd). 
w. $ ad. sk. Sierra de Tepic, Mexico, April. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
.r. d ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (De Oca). Sclater Coll. 
Coban, Vera Paz, Nov.-Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

ad. sk. (O. Salvin). 
//. (5* ad. sk. Sonteh, Guatemala (0. Salvm). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
<?'. J ad. sk. San Geronimo, Vera Paz Salvin-Godman Coll. 

y, *• c? ; «'• S 

(O. Salvin). 
cl',e',f. <$ ad.sk. Guatemala. 
/ . $ ad. sk. La Libertad, Salvador, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Richardson). 

Subsp. a. Caprimulgus macromystax. 

Caprimulgus macromystax, Wagl. Isis, 1831, p. 533. 
Antrostomus macromystax, Sol. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 296, 1866, p. 137; 
Hartert, Ibis, 189:2, p. 286. 
Antrostomus vociferus arizonae, Bretost. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi. 

p. 69 (1881; Chicahuahua); Scott, Auk, 1886, p. 429; Ridyw. 
Man. N. Am. B. p. 299 (1887). 
In general appearance entirely similar to Q. vociferus but larger, 
the white patch on the rectrices of the male less in extent; ear-
coverts somewhat more tawny, and the black markings on the top 
of the head less median, being rather scattered over the whole of 
the top of the head. Total length 9*7 to 10*2 inches, wing 6 to 6-6, 
tail 5*3 to 5'6; rictal bristles longer than in C. vociferus, the longest 
often 1*8 inches or more. 

Intermediate forms between the two races seem to be by no 
means infrequent. 
Hah. Tableland of Mexico, north to Southern Arizona, south to 
Vera Paz and Guatemala. 


a. 2 ad. sk. Mexico. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
b, c,d.c$$ 
ad. Mexico. Sharpe Coll. 
sk. 


e. <$ imm. sk. Mexico. Gould Coll. 
/. J ad. sk. Mexico (Fhves). Sclater Coll. 
g. $ ad. sk. Mexico (SaliS). Sclater Coll. 
h. S ad. sk. Sierra de Valparaiso, Aug. ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. Richardson). 
i. $ ad. sk. Sierra de Bolafios, Mexico, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W. B. Richardson). 
k. (S ad. sk. Ajusco, Valley of Mexico, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W. B. Richardson). 
1. 
S ad. sk. Tenango del Valle, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. 11 (W. B. Richardson). 
m. S ad. sk. Rio Frio, Iztaccihuatl, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sep. 24 (W. B. Richardson). 
1 . CAPKIM.UTGTTS. 
571 

n. 
J ad. sk. Zapotlan, Jalisco, Mexico, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Lloyd), 
o. S ; P- ? ad. Volcan de Colima, Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. Feb. (IT7. B. Richardson). 
q. tf ad. sk. Arnula (6000 feet), Guerrero, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mexico, Aug. {Mrs. H. H. 
Smith). 
r. $; s. J ad. sk. Oaxaca, Mexico. Tweeddale & Salvin-
Godman Colls. 
t. J ad. sk. Coban, Yera Paz (0. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u. J ad. sk. Santa Barbara, Vera Paz {R. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Owen). 
v, to. S 
ad. sk. Yolcan de Fuego, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
7-8000 feet, Sept. 4 (0. Salvin). 


x. $ ad. sk. Guatemala. 
Gould Coll. 
32. Caprimulgus cubanensis. 
Caprimulgus vociferus, jyOrb. {nee Wils.) in La Sagra's Hist. Nat. 
Cuba, Ois. p. 98 (1840); Lemb. Aves Cuba, p. 130 (1850). 
Antrostomus vociferus, Gundl. {nee Wils.) J.f. 0.1856, p. 6; Brewer, 
Br. Bost. Soe. Nat Hist vii p. 306 (1860). 
Antrobtomus cubanensis, Laiur. Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. T. 1862, 

p. 260; Gundl. Repert. Fisico-Naf. Cuba, i. p. 283 (1865) ; id. 
J. f. 0. 1874, p. 120; JScl P. Z. S. 1866, p. 585; Gray, Hand-l 
B:i. p. 59 (1869); Cory, B. W. Lid. p. 137 (1889). 
Antrostomus macromystax, var. cubanensis, Baird, Brew, fy Ridgw. 
Hist N. Am. B. ii. p. 409 (1874). 

Adult Upper plumage dark ashy, minutely mottled with dull 
rufous and grey, the feathers conspicuously marked with longitudinal 
stripes of black in their centres; a line from the bill over the 
eye and along the crown greyish white, tinged with pale rufous and 
intermixed with black; wing-coverts of the same colour as the back, 
some of them marked near their ends with ochraceous spots; 
primaries dark reddish "brown, sprinkled with dull rufous and grey 
at their ends, and having bright rufous spots arranged regularly 
on their outer webs, with spots also on their inner webs, more 
obscure in colour and assuming a mottled form; secondaries dark 
brown, mottled with grey on the outer web and tinged with rufous 
on the inner one; tail deep brown, four outer tail-feathers tipped 
with white in the male, three outer ones tipped with buff in the 
female; throat dark brown, minutely freckled with rufous, the neck 
immediately below this colour crossed with a band of pale rufous ; 
a line of pale rufous-white or ochraceous spots extending along 
below the under mandible, and down the side of the neck; a few 
spots of white in a line below the eye; on the side of the neck enclosed 
by these spots and the band across the throat is a triangular 
blackish-brown patch, speckled with rufous ; sides of the head 
brown, freckled with minute rufous spots; feathers of the breast 
and abdomen ochraceous white, more or less tinged with rufous, 
and having their centres dark brown and their sides and ends 

57 2 
CAPKIMTJLGIDiE. 

barred and mottled with the same colour, the exposed ends of the 
feathers being but little mottled, thus giving quite a light appearance 
to the under plumage; lower part of the abdomen and under 
tail-coverts dull pale rufous, the featbers of the latter with dark 
markings along their shafts; under wing-coverts brown mottled 
with rufous. Tarsi clothed in front with rufous-brown feathers ; some 
of the rictal bristles nearly two inches in length, and furnished with 
lateral filaments; feet brown. Total length about 10 | to 11 inches, 
wing 7 to 7*25, tail 5-5 to 5*7, longer rictal bristles I-S to 2. 

I have not been able to examine a specimen of this species. 
Bab. Cuba. 

33. CaprimulgTXS saturate. 
Antrostomus saturatus, Salvin, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 203. 
Antrostomus rufomaculatus *, Ridgw. Proc. U. 8. Kat. Mm. xiv. 


p. 466 (1891; Costa Rica). 
Adult male. General plumage brownish black spotted with rusty, 
the spots mostly somewhat transverse in form, broader and paler 
on the posterior underparts ; primaries black, uniform on the 
inner webs, spotted with rusty on the outer webs ; tail black, 
banded with light rusty, the three outer pairs of rectrices broadly 
tipped with white across both webs ; no distinct pale patch on the 
throat. Total length about 8*7 inches, wing 0, tail 4*0. 

Bab. Yolcan de Irazu, Costa Rica, and Tolcan de Chiriqui, 
Panama. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Volcano of Chiriqui (Ardi). i&lvin-Godxn&n Coll. 
{Type of the species.) 
34. Caprimulgus idgrescens. 
Caprimulgus nigrescens, Cab. in 8ckomh. Guiana, iii. p. 710 {2*481. 

Antrostomus nigrescens, Cab. % Beine, Mm. Hem* Iii. p. 91 (IfcdO) ; 
Scl. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 138; Scl $ 8alvin, P.Z.S. 1867, p. 583 
(Para); iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 96 (1873); Tacz. Orn. Pit\ 

i. p. 218 (1884); 8atem, Ibis, 1883, p. 438 (B. Guiana). 
Stenopsls nigrescens, ScL Cat Am. B. p. 280 (1802); Pek, Orn. 
Bras. p. 12 (1867); Gray, Ba?id-l i. p. 59 (18G9). 
Caprimulgus semitorquatus, 
Gray (nee Gm.t)} Gen. B. i. pi xvii. 
(1845). 

Adult male. Above brownish black, spotted with pale rufous or 
buff; a superciliary stripe of buff spots; wing-coverts with larger 
spots ; scapulars with a greyish tint, some feathers with conspicuous 
broad rufous-buff margins to the outer webs; primaries 
brownish black, with a white spot in the middle of the second, third, 
and fourth, sometimes indistinct on the second quill; secondaries 
minutely spotted with rufous; rectrices brownish black, two cen


* Mr. Salvin Has kindly shown me the type of A. rufomacuMm, lent to him 
by the U.S. Nat. Museum. It is absolutely identical with C. saturaiu* (Sabin). 
1 . CAPBIMUXGRJS.
"bral pairs with broad irregular bars of greyish brown, three outer 
pairs with narrower rufous-brown bands, the second and third outer 
pair tipped with white for about half an inch; lower parts dark 
brown, barred with pale brown, somewhat broader and more 
"whitish on the breast; a band of white, sometimes more or less interrupted 
in the middle, across the throat. Total length about 7*5 
inches, wing 5'5, tail 3*9, tarsus 0*5. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but without white spots to the 
primaries, and without white tips to the rectrices. 
Eab. The greater part of Tropical South America : Peru, Ecuador, 
Colombia, Guiana, Brazil. 

a, b, c. tf ; d, e. Bogota, Colombia. Sclater & Salvin5 
ad. sk. Godman Colls. 
jf, g. d $ ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (C. Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley). 
7i. d ad. sk. Rio Negro, Oct. 2 (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 

z. d ad. sk. Retreat River, B. Guiana. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h, 
I. d S &d* s&* Bartica Grove, B. Guiana, Jan., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept. (H. Whitely). 

m. 
d ad. sk. Camacusa, B. Guiana, April 15 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(K Whitely). 
n. J ad. sk. Para, Brazil. 
R. Graham, Esq. [P.]. 
o. d ad. sk. Para, Brazil (A. R. Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
p. $ ad. sk. Par% Brazil (Natterer). Sclater Coll, 
35. Caprimulgus whitelyi (Plate XII.) 
Antrostomus whitelyi, Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 438. 

Adult male. Above similar to C. n^eseens, but larger, with the 
superciliary stripe not visible; on the upper wing-coverts some 
larger white spots; scapulars not so brightly marked. Beneath, 
chin and breast black, with some pale fulvous terminal spots; throat 
white, somewhat interrupted in the middle by brown spotted with 
buff; entire abdomen brownish black, indistinctly barred with pale 
fulvous and buffy white; primaries deep blackish brown, with a 
band of white across the first three; secondaries spotted with buff 
on the inner webs; rectrices black, the central pair similar to the 
upper surface, being indistinctly barred on both webs, the outer 
pairs distinctly barred with buff on the inner webs only; second 
and third outer tail-feathers on each side subterminally white on 
the inner webs for about one inch. Total length about 8-5 inches, 
wing 6'3, tail 4, tarsus 0*51. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but the first primary with a 
narrow fulvous bar on the inner web only; second and third with a 
narrow fulvous bar on both webs; rectrices with little white only. 

Easily distinguished from 0. nigrescens by the white spots on the 
rectrices being confined to the inner webs, the abdomen being less 
distinctly barred, and the female having a fulvous bar across the 
first primaries. 

In the male before me there is no first primary, but I do not 

574 

CAPRfMULGIDJE. 

doubt that this also has a white bar, because there is a fulvous one 
on this same quill in tho female. 
Hob. Eoraima Mountain, British Guiaua. 

a,b. $ 2 a(l-s^- Eoraima, British Guiana, 3500 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ft., Nov. (II. Whiiely). (Types of the species.) 

36. Caprimulgns parvulus. 
Caprinmlgus parvulus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 22; id. in Danvin's 
Voi/. Beagle, iii. p. 37 (1841) ; Cass, in Gillisb's ExpL Exp. ii. p. 186 
(1856). 

Antrostomus parvulus, Bp. Consp, i. p. 61 (1850) ; Burm. La Plata-
Beise, ii. p. 451 (1861); Sol. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 138, pi. xiii. j ScL £ 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 752 (Xeberos); iid. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 290; 
iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 96 (1873); Dumf. Ibis, 1877, p. 184; 
Salvin, Cat Strickl. Coll p. 379 (1882) ; Barroivs, Auk, 1884, p. 24 
(Uruguay); Tacz. Orn. Perm, I p. 217 (1884); Withington, Ibis, 
1888, p. 467; ScLfy Hudson, Argent. Orn. ii. p. 14 (1889). 

Stenopsis parvulus, 
Cass. TJ. S. Expl. Exp. p. 188 (1858) ; ScL Cat. 
Am. B. p. 281 (1862); Pet. Orn. Bras. p. 12 (1867). 

Adult male. Above greyish mottled with brown, the centre of 
the crown with large longitudinal spots of black ; back and rump 
narrowly streaked with blackish; a distinct pale rufous band, spotted 
with black, across the back and sides of the neck; greater scapulars 
with large, somewhat triangular spots of black and broad buff 
borders to the outer webs; wing-coverts with terminal spots of 
light buff; primaries deep brown, tho first with a large white patch 
on the inner web, the next three with a large band of white across 
both webs; secondaries varied with pale rufous or buff; central 
pair of rectrices greyish, with blackish bars, four outer pairs with 
broad white markings to the inner webs, the white colour often 
reaching a little over the shaft into the outer web. Lower parts pale 
fulvous, barred with dark brown; throat and breast much darker, 
less thickly barred on the lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts ; 
on the throat a large patch of white. Total length about 7*8 inches, 
wing 5-4, tail 4, tarsus 0*62. 

Adult female. Patch on the throat buff; primaries dark brown, 
with several broad rufous bars and without any white spot; rectrices 
without white. Wing about 5*2 inches. 

Young males are similar to the female, but an indication of pale 
spots is visible at the tips of the outer rectrices. Immature birds 
are always recognizable by the pale buff edges to the tips of the 
primaries and by the nuchal collar being hardly perceptible. 

Hab. Seems to inhabit the greater part of South America, being 
known from Colombia to Peru, Brazil, and Argentina. 

a. $ imm. sk. Bogota, Colombia. Sclater Coll. 
b. 2 ad. sk. Xeberos, E. Peru, Oct. 17Bartlett). 
(E. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c,d. <$ $ ad. sk. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept. (H. H. Smith). 

575 

1 . CAPHIMXTLGXTS. 
e. 
S imm. sk. Villa Maria, Brazil, Sept. 4 Sclater Coll. 
(Natter er). 
f* <$ imm. ; g. $ Pelotas, Kio Grande do Sul, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Brazil (Joytier). 
h, i. $ ad. sk. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 


h. $ imm. sk. Brazil. Purchased. 
/. $ ad. sk. Brazil (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
m. 
$ ad. sk. Near Santa P6, R-. Parana. C.Darwin, Esq. [CJ. 
(Type of the species.) 
37. Caprimulgus maculicaudus. 
Stenopsis maculicaudus, 
Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 459 (1862 ; 
Para!). 
Antrostomus maculicaudus, Scl. P. Z. S, 1866, p. 586, pi. xlvi.; id. 
8f Salv. Nomencl. Av. JSfeotr. p. 96 (1873); Tacz. Orn. PSrou, i. 

p. 216 (1884); Berl. $ Zeverlc. Ornis, 1890, p. 29. 
Adult male. Above brown mottled with blackish; tap of the 

head black, with a pale rufous spot on the margins of the feathers ; 

a distinct buff line from the forehead over the eye; a rufous band 

across the hind neck ; scapulars black in the centre, the outer webs 

with broad buff margins; wing-coverts with 
but! spots near the 

tips; primaries deep brown, with from two to six large rufous spots 

on the inner and 
outer webs; central pair of rectriccs greyish, 

mottled and barred with black; four outer pairs of rectrices tipped 

with white, inner webs with two to three round white spots ; 

feathers of the chin and throat buff, deep brown at the bases and 

tips ; the feathers of the breast narrowly barred with black, uniform 

on the lower abdomen; under wing-coverts buff, barred with brown. 

Total length about 7 inches, wing 5*1 to 5*2, tail 3*8, tarsus 0*5. 

(Description of a specimen in the Berlepsch collection.) 

Female, Similar to the male, but having no white spots on the 

inner web of the outer rectrices, both webs being brown, irregularly 

barred with buff. 

This species has the first primary exactly as long as or almost 

longer than she second. The female is very similar to the female 

of Stenopsis cayennensls, but the longer first primary and the shape 

of the tail, in which the lateral feathers are shorter than the central 

ones, as well as the distinct buff line over the eye, distinguishes it 

well enough. 

Hah. Andes, from Colombia to Peru. 

a. $ ad. sk. S. America. Purchased. 
K § ad. sk. Peru, July (J3". WJiitely). Sclater Coll. 
38. Caprimulgus yucatanicus. 
Adult female. Top of the head vinaceous rufous, each feather 
with a blackish-brown shaft-stripe • back and rump rufous-brown 
with brownish-black shaffc-stripes ; all the upper parts very minutely 
mottled with dusky; scapulars with bolder longitudinal blackish 
spots; wing-coverts similarly coloured, a series of the middle ones 

CAPEIirULGlI)^. 

576 

with whitish spots before the tips, the shafts remaining blackish; 

primaries deep brown, paler and mottled near the tips, barred 

with cinnamon across both webs ; secondaries similarly coloured, but 

much mottled with rufous; rectrices deep brown, spotted with pale 

rufous, uniform towards the tips and broadly tipped with pure white 

(central pair absent, probably concolorous with the upper parts) ; 

lores and cheeks rufous, minutely freckled with dusky; a broad 

band of white across the throat; the breast of the same colour as 

the scapulars; shaft-streaks deep brown; abdomen and lower tail-

coverts banded with dark brown and pale rufous, pale buff towards the 

tips; under wing-coverts barred with deep brown and light brown ; 

base's of all the feathers slate-colour. Total length about 8*5 inches, 

wing 4-25, tail about 3*8, tarsus 0*65, middle toe with claw 0*77, 

culmen 0*3; rictal bristles more than twice as long as the bill-

Feet pale (in skin): " iris dark brown " (Gaumer). 

This very distinct species has no very near ally. The longitudinal 
spots of the head alone are sufficient to distinguish it from O. oc* U 
latus, which is perhaps the nearest species. 

Hob. Yucatan. 

a, $ ad. sk. Tizimin, Yucatan, Jane 10 (G. Salvin-Cfodman Coll. 

F. Gaumer). (Typ« of the sped* s.) 
39. Caprimulgns bruotatus. 
Oaprimulgus binotatus, Bp. Consp. 1. p. 60 (18-50, ex Temm. MS.); 
Marti J.f.O. 1855, p. 355; id. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 22 (1857). 

Adult male (?). Colour deep brownish black; head, neck, back, 
rump, upper tail-coverts, wing-coverts, throat, breast, and sides of the 
neck irregularly barred with very narrow and numerous bands of 
rusty red; cheeks and ear-coverts finely rermicnlated with pale rusty ; 
the abdomen more regularly varied with slightly broader vennicalations; 
under tail-coverts still more broadly barred with deep brown 
and buff; a pure white spot on each side of the throat; under wing-
coverts nearly uniform brown; quills uniform deep brown on the inner 
webs, spotted with rufous on the outer wrebs; tail almost square, 
blackish brown, irregularly and narrowly barred with rusty red; 
no white on the tail. Wing 6 inches, tail 4*1. 

A very singular species, which has no near ally. The tail seems 
to be emarginate. 

Hah. Dabocrom, Gold Coast (Mus. Ley dm). 

40. Caprimtdpis concretus. 
Oaprimulgus concrete, Bp. Consp. L p. 60 (1850, ex Temm. MS.) ; 
Hartl Orn. W.-Afr. p. 22, note (1867); Schleg. JSdndl. Bierk. L 

p. 222 (1857); Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 118 (1874) ; Sharpe, P. Z. & 
1875, p. 100, pL xxii %. 2 (Borneo); id. Ifa, 187% p. 250; 
Vorderm. Nat Tidjschr. Nederl Ind. p. 45 (1890); Biitttk Mat. 
Leyd. Mus. xiii. p. 125 (1891). 
Oaprimulgus, sp., Scl P. Z. S. 1863, p. 212 (Banjermaming), 

1. CAPKrMULGTTS. 
Lyncornis borneensis, G. R. Gray, Hand-L i. p. 62 (1869). 
Oaprimulgus borneensis, Wall, in Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 117 (1874); 
Sharjpe, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 101 (note). 

Adult male. Above deep blackish brown with rufous-brown 

spots and very pale margins to some of the scapulars • centre pair 

of tail-feathers like the back, with interrupted bars of rufous-brown ; 

primaries entirely deep brown, without any spots ; throat and breast 

deep brown, with rufous-brown bars and a very large white spot 

on the throat; abdomen deep chocolate-brown, with broad whitish-

buff bars ; outermost rectrices uniform deep brown, tip of the inner 

web largely white; the next pair of tail-feathers with both webs 

white at the end. Total length about 9 inches, wing 6*4, tail 6, 

tarsus 0*55, feathered in front. 

Adult female. Tail-feathers without large white terminal spot, 

only with a narrow and indistinct subterminal whitish band. 

This species in its coloration almost resembles the smaller species 

of Lyncornis, 

Hab. Borneo and Billiton. 

«? b* <S 2 a(** sk* Brunei, Borneo. Gov. Ussher [0.]. 
c, d, e. <$ 5 &d. Banjermassing (J. Wallace Coll. 
sk. Motley). (Types of C. borneensis.) 
f* $ ad. sk. I. of Billiton, June, Dr. Vorderman [P.]. 

41. Caprimulgus enarratus. 
Oaprimulgus enarratus, Gray, Ann, § Mag. Nat. Mist. 1871, p. 428; 
JSharpe, P. Z, 8. 1872, p. 867 ; Hartl. Tog. Madagascar, p. 55 
(1877) ; Milne-Edw. ty Grandid. Hist. Nat. Madagascar, Ois. i. 

p. 213, pi. lxxix. (1879) - Sibree, Ibis, 1891, pp. 216, 226. 
Adult, Top of the head and cheeks lilac-greyish, the former with 
a series of round spots of deep brownish black, each spot narrowly 
margined with dark rufous; occiput with a narrow band of 
buff, reaching from one ear-covert to the other; nape and upper 
back foxy rufous, the basal part of the feathers dark slate-colour ; 
rump like the top of the head but darker, with some pointed spots 
on the feathers; upper tail-coverts chestnut, with irregular blackish 
bars ; scapulars deep velvety black, the outer webs of a uniform 
buff, the inner webs margined deep rufous ; tail dusky black, 
irregularly barred with rufous• the central pair of rectrices rufous, 
with narrow irregular blackish bars; the two outermost feathers 
tipped with white; primaries dusky black, the outer webs spotted 
with pale chestnut, the inner webs without any marks ; secondaries 
deep brown, irregularly banded with rufous; wing-coverts dusky, 
each feather marked at the end with a blackish spot, margined with 
buff or rufous; throat rufous-buff; upper breast brightly coloured, 
but similar to the back ; abdomen brownish buff', barred with 

fuscous. Total length about 10 inches, wing 5*7, tail 4*4, tarsus 0*7, 
feathered. 
Some specimens are conspicuously paler than others. 
VOL. XVI. 2 P 

CAPRIMULGIBJE. 

YQUWJ. A specimen with many signs of immaturity is much 
darker, especially on the head, throat, breast, and abdomen, but 
the tail shows already the white tips of adult specimens. 

Hab. Eastern parts of Madagascar. 

a} b. Ad. sk. S.E. Madagascar. Crossley Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 
c. 5 (?) ad.; d. Madagascar. Purchased. 
Irani, sk. 

42. Caprimulgiis ocellatus. 
Caprimulgus ocellatus, Tt-ch. Wiegm. Arch. 1844, p. 268 ; id. Faun. 
Peruan., Aves,])l. v. (1846). 

Antrostomus ocellatus, Bp. Camp. i. p. 61 (1850) ; Burm. Syst. Ueb. 
Th. Bras. ii. p. 386 (1856); Cass. U. S. Eipl. Exp. p. 187 (1858); 
Scl.P.Z.S. 1866, p. 138; Pelz. Orn. Bras, p. 13 (1867); Scl § 
Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 96 (1873); Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. 

p. 379 (1882); Tacz. Orn. Perou, I p. 215 (1884). 
Nyctiphrynus ocellatus, Gray, Hand-l, i. p. 59 (1869). 
Adult. Above dark rufous-brown or deep chocolate-brown, very 
finely sprinkled or almost powdered with paler rufous ; some more 
or less concealed buffy spots on the hind neck; scapulars with 
rounded velvety black spots before the tips, each surrounded by a 
rufous ring; some of the upper wing-coverts with more or less 
concealed pale buff spots near the tips ; primaries deep brown, with 
rufous spots to the outer web only; secondaries with rufous spots 
to the inner webs also ; central pair of rectrices similar in colour to 
the upper surface, with narrow, often indistinct bars of blackish; 
four outer pairs of rectrices deep brown, spotted with rufous on the 
basal part, tipped with white for about 0*2 to 0*3 inch, a little 
broader on the outer ones: lower parts similar in colour to the 
upper surface; a band of pure white across the throat; breast-
feathers more distinctly powdered and narrowly fringed with sandy 
buff, forming a kind of shield: feathers of the abdomen with a 
white or buffy-white spot near the tip, and some indistinct buff bars 
on the lower tail-coverts and lower wing-coverts. Total length 
about 8*5 inches, wing 5, tail 4*7, tarsus 0*65. 

Younger birds are more variegated on the top of the head, and 
more spotted with buff or white on the upper wing-coverts and 
abdomen. 
Hab. Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador. 

a. Ad. sk. South America. Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Brazil. Gould Coll. 
c. d, e. Ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Brazil (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
g. cS ad. sk. Bahia (Wucherer). Sclater Coll. 
h-l Ad. sk. $arayacu, Ecuador (C.Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2. PH^LJSNOPriLUS. 
579 

43. Caprimulgus pulchellus. 
Caprirtiulgus pulchellus, Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiv. p 195 
(1879). 

Adult male. Top of the head and scapulars grey, spotted and 
barred with black; an obsolete nuchal collar rufous, banded with 
black ; scapulars partly mottled with rufous, some of the feathers 
margined with whitish rufous; rump and upper tail-coverts black, 
mottled with rufous ; lower parts varied with dark brown, rufous, 
and whitish ; a patch of white across the throat, bordered with black 
below ; breast ornamented with numerous bands of black, grey, and 
rufous ; the bands broader on the abdomen; abdomen spotted with 
darker and paler rufous; wings black, wing-coverts and secondaries 
spotted with rufous ; second, third, fourth, and fifth primaries with a 
white spot in the middle ; tail black, crossed by bars of rufous spots; 
lateral pair of rectrices tipped with white on the inner web, the 
following pair with a smaller subterminal spot of white; rictal 
bristles black. Total length about 8-3 inches, wing 6-5, tail 4, 
tarsus 0*5. (Salvadori.) 

Somewhat resembling G. concretus, but easily distinguished by 

having white patches on the primaries. 
Bab. Mount Singalan, W". Sumatra. 
I have not seen this species. 

2. PHALJENOPTILTJS, 
J-ype. 

Phaltenoptilus, Midgw, Proe. U.S. Nat. Mus. iii. p. 5 

(1880) P. nuttalli. 
The extremely soft and silky plumage of this genus is very 
remarkable. The distinctive characters pointed out by Eidgway 

(Z. c.) may safely be regarded as sufficient for generic separation. 
The eggs, which are spotted as a rule in all species of Caprimulgus, 
are of a uniform dead white in the present genus. 
Mange. Prom Southern Mexico to Oregon and Washington west 
of the Bocky Mountains in the north. 

1. Phalaenoptilus nuttalli *. 
Caprimulgus nuttalli, Audi. B. Amer. vii. p. 350, pi. 495 (1843); 
Koenig-Wai'th. J.f. 0. 1808, p. 379 (nidif.). 
Antrostomus nuttalli, Cass. Proc. Acad. Philad. v. p. 183 (1852); id. 
Cat. Caprim. Mus. Philad. Acad. p. 13 (1852) ; id. US. Expl. Eap. 

p. 187 (1858) ; Baird, B. N. A. p. 149 (1860) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1865, 
p. 470 (Texas); Coues, Ibis, 1865, p. 538;' Scl. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 137 ; 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 59 (1869); Baird, Bretoer,fyRidgw. N. Am. B. 
ii. p. 417 (1874) j Bidyw. U.S. Geol Expl. 4:0th Par. iii. p. 567 
(1877); Belding, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 427 (1879). 
Phalasnoptilus nuttalli, Bidgw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. iii. p. 5 (1880); 
id. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 299 (1887) ; Brew, Auk, 1885, p. 17 ; 
Scott, Auk, 1885, p. 356 (S. Arizona), 1886, p. 429; Shufeldt, Auk, 
1885, p. 382• Hensh. Auk, 1886, p. 78 (New Mexico) ; Evermann, 

* Antrostomus calif ornianus, Bp. Oonsp. i. p. 61, has been quoted as a faynonyin 
of the present species, but the description of Bonaparte does Dot well correspond. 
2P 2 

580 CAPRIMTTKHDJE. 

Auk, 1886, p. 179 (California); Toionsend, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 

x. p. 206 (1887; N. California); Lloyd, Auk, 1887, p. 191 (W. 
' Texas) • Mearns, Auk, 1890, p. 254 (Arizona). 
Phalsenoptilus nuttalli nitidus, Bmost. Auk, 1887, p. 147 (Texas & 
Arizona); Bidgio. Man. N. A. B. p. 588 (1887); Goss, Auk, 
1889, p. 124, 1890, p. 286 (Kansas); Harsbrouck, Auk, 1889, 

p. 239 (Texas). 
Phalsenoptilus nuttalli califoraicus, Bidgw. Man. N. A. B. p. 588 
(1887) ; Chapm. Auk, 1888, p. 396. 
Adult male. General colour above dark brownish grey, minutely 
sprinkled and streaked with black and pale ashy grey ; the top of head 
and the scapulars show very distinct transverse markings, a character 
that distinguishes the species from all the other American Goatsuckers; 
transverse markings on the head velvety black, bordered with a line 
of white ; markings on the scapulars and upper wing-coverts bolder 
and rather arrow-shaped; quills dull cinnamon-colour, barred with 
deep brown, greyish on the tips; two central rectrices coloured like 
the upper parts, two lateral pairs with broad, following pair with 
narrow white edges, which are more or less bordered with shades of 
buff; throat blackish brown, annulated with pale brown ; a broad 
band of silvery white across the throat; feathers of the breast deep 
brownish black, with silvery grey tips, mottled with brown; 
abdomen pale buff, barred with dusky ; lower tail-coverts uniform 
buff; lower wing-coverts dull cinnamon: a bil l black; iris dark 

hazel; feet reddish purple, scales and claws darker" (Audubon). 
Total length about 7*5 inches, wing 5*4 to 5*9, tail 3*7 to 3*9, 
tarsus 0*65. 

Adult female. Entirely similar to the male, but the white tips to 
the outer rectrices generally narrower. 

Young. Similar to the adult, but having the patch on the throat 
buff; entire plumage lighter, the black markings being less developed, 
and more or less overspread and mixed with rusty buff or ochraceous. 

Southern and Eastern specimens are perhaps a little smaller and 
paler on an average, and therefore specimens from Arizona and Texas 
are distinguished as P. nuttalli nitidus by American ornithologists. 
These characters, however, are so variable that I greatly doubt 
whether it will be possible to maintain this subspecies even if 
additional material is studied; I also consider that Californian 
specimens (P. nuttalli californicus, Bidgw.) belong to the true 

P. nuttalli. As regards size I find that Californian specimens have 
the wing from 5*4 to 5*8 inches in length, Colorado specimens 5*5 
to 5*9, specimens from N"ew Mexico, Arizona, &c., 5*4 to 5*8. 
Eab. Erom Southern and Central Mexico and Texas throughout 
ITew Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and California as far north as 
Oregon and "Washington east of the Eocky Mountains. 

a, I. Ad. sk. California. Sclater & Tweeddale 
Colls. 
c. $ ad. sk.
d. $ ad. sk. 
Honey Lake, California, June16 (Jff. W. Senshaw). 
Petaluma, California (J21 W. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Henshatv). 

3 . OTOPltVNHS. 
581 
(\ d ad. ale. 
/. c? ad. sk. 
<A $ ad. ak. 
h, '. d ; A;. ? 

ad. sk. 
I 2 ad. sk. 

m . 2 ad. sk. 
u. $ imm. sk. 
0. $ sk. 
V-$ sk. 
<r* 5 imm. sk. 
?\ d fek. 

6'. Ad. sk. 

Nicasio, Marin Co., May 27 
(if. W. Ilemhaw). 
San Diego Oo. (6Y. Efortf-

San Bernardino Co., Gal, 
Oct. 2Q {It B. Herrtm). 
Colorado Springs, Col., May 


& June (If. W.Eenshaw). 
Ealey'H Park, Colorado, May 
30 (Cole). 

Grant Co., Mew Mexico, 
April 15 (A W. Anthony). 
Gila River, N. Mexico, Sept. 

14 (Lt. Wheeler). 

Santa F6 Mts., N. Mexico, 
July 27 (JET. 7F. Eemhaio). 
Rio Mimbres, New Mexico 

Apache, Arizona, Sept. 16 

{H. W. Henskaw). 
Mexico. 
Pro v. Guanajuato, Mexico. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godmau Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Purchased. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

3. 
0T0PHANES. 
Type. 
Otophanes, Brewster, Auk, 1888, p. 88 0. macleodi. 
Nostrils somewhat tubular and prominent; very long and curved 
bristles at the gape ; tarsus naked, about equal to the middlo toe; 
tail slightly rounded; second and third primaries equal and longest; 
somewhat distinct superciliary shields of radiating feathers, terminating 
on the sides of the occiput in tufts of elongated feathers, 
erectile in life and similar to the " ear-tufts " in the Scops-Owl; 
leathers over tho eye tipped with a fringe of hair-like bristles. 
Range. Mexico. 

1. Otophan.es macleodi. 
Otophanes mcleodii, Breiost. Auk,1888, p. 89 (Chihuahua); Allen. 
Auk, 1891, p. 320, pi. i. 

Adult male. Top of the head sandy brown, minutely mottled with 
buff and shaded with darker brown; hind neck banded with buff 
and deep brown ; back and rump similar to tho crown ; scapulars 
with very large blackish-brown velvety spots, encircled by a buff 
line; upper wing-coverts with rounded creamy-white spots; primaries 
deep brown, banded with pale rufous; secondaries similar, 
but much mottled on the outer webs ; innermost secondaries like the 
scapulars; innermost pair of rectrices coloured like tho back and 
rump, the other pairs deep brown, indistinctly barred with rufous 
near the base, tipped with white ; lower parts paler than the upper 
surface* a band of silky white across the throat: feathers of the 
abdomen with a white tip and a dark brown line before the white 
tip : " iris brown." Total length about 8*5 inches, wing 5*2, tail 4, 
tarsus 0*6. 

Hob. Chihuahua and Jalisco, Mexico. 

582 
CAPKIMULGID^). 

a. $ 
ad. sk. HacieBda de San Marcos, Za- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
potlan, Jalisco, Mexico, May 11 
(W. Lloyd). 
This specimen differs from the type, a female, which is in a rather 
rufous phase of plumage. The more rufous coloration may possibly 
be peculiar to the female sex. 

4. STEEOTSXS. Type i 
Stenopis, Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil, v. p. 179 (1851) ... . S. cayennensis. 

The genus Stenopsis is closely allied to Ccqorimulgm, and one 

species of the latter (Oaprimidgusmaculicaudus) agrees ^ith Stenopsis 

in many points, but on account of the somewhat rounded tail must 

nevertheless remain with Caprimidgus. The most typical species of 

Stenopsis is no 
doubt S. cayennensis, which differs greatly from 

Gaprimulgus. The bill is more elongated and not so broad; the 

nostrils are more exposed ; the wing is more rounded ; first primary 

rather broad, almost equal to or very little shorter than the second 

and third ; the tail is perfectly square or distinctly emarginate. The 

sexes differ obviously. 

Range. Throughout Southern America, north to Panama, south 

to Northern Patagonia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Primaries white at base in the male candicans, p. 582. 
b. Primaries brown or black at base. 
a'. Outer tail-feathers in the male white for 
their greater part cayenne?isis, p. 583. 
b'. Outer tail-feathers in the male with large 
white terminal spots. 
a". General colour above deep brown or 
blackish ritficervir, p. 584. 
b". General colour above greyish. 
a'". Wing about 6-2 inches longirostris, p. 585. 
b"1. Wing about 5*4 inches decussata, p. 586. 

1. Stenopsis candicans. 
Ibiyau alas y cola blancas, Azara7 Apunt. no. 314 (1805). 
Oaprimulgus leucurus, VieilL Nouv. Diet. x. p. 246, pt.! (1817); id. 
JBnc. Metlu p. 544 (1823); Gray, Band-L i. p. 59 (1869)*. 
Stenopsis candicans, Pelz. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 588 (Irisanga, S. Brazil: 
ex Natt. MS.) -, id. Orn. Bras. pp. 12, 49 (1867). 
? ( $ ) Stenopsis langsdorffi, Pelz. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 589: id. Orn. Bras. 
pp. 12, 52 (1867). 

Male. Above whitish grey, here and there washed with ochraceous, 
finely marbled with black; top of the head with a blackish longitudinal 
stripe ; scapulars with black streaks and ferruginous spots ; 
larger wing-coverts and inner secondaries white; primaries black, 

* Vieillot refers to Stenopsis cayennensis and to the present species, but the 
description is that of 8. cayennensis. 

4 . STENOPSIS. 583 
white at base, the third longest; a white line from the base of tho 
mandible to the ear-coverts ; throat, sides of the neck, and breast 
chestnut, undulated with black ; lower abdomen, under wing-coverts, 
and lateral rectrices pure white, the latter partly margined with 
buff. Total length about 9 inches, wing about 6, tail 4. (Pelzeln.) 

? Female. Primaries and tail barred. 

Hal. Irisanga, S. Brazil. 

2. Stenopsis cayeunensis, 
Engoulevent varie* de Cayenne. Buf. Hist. Nat. Ois. ii. p. 545 

(1779). u P 

Grapaud volant de Cayenne, Daubent PI. Enl. 760 (1783). 

Caprimulgus cayennensis, Gm. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 1031 (1788); Cab* in 

tichomb. Guiana, iii. p. 710 (1848). 

Caprimulgus leopetes, Jard. Sr Selby, III. Orn. ii. pi. 87. 

Stenopsis cayennensis, Cass. Pr. Ac. Phil. v. p. 179 (1851) ; Cab. Sr 

Seine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 91 (1860); JScL Cat. Am B. p. 280 
(1862) ; id. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 140; Pels. Orn. Bras, p, 12 (1867); 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 59 (1869); ScLfySalirin, Nomencl. Av. Neotr. 

p. 96 (1873); iid. P. Z. S.1879, p. 531; Cory, Auk, iii. p. 343; Salwn, 
Ibis, 1885, p. 439 (B Guiana); Cory, B. W. Lid. p. 138 (1889). 

Caprimulgus cayanus, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p. 587 (1790). 

Caprimulgus odontopteron, Less. Rev. Zool 1839, p. 105. 

Antrostomus odonpteron, Bp. Consp. i. p. 61 (1850). 

V Stenopsis albicauda, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. T. 1874, p. 89 (Costa-

Rica). 

Adult male. Upper surface pale brownish grey, narrowly streaked 
and vermiculated with blackish; feathers of the crown blackish, 
with light rufous margins ; a rufous band across the hind neck; 
scapulars very deep brownish black in the middle, bordered with 
fulvous ; first four primaries blackish brown, with a broad band 
of white across the middle and a narrow incomplete one near the 
base, the remainder with three somewhat incomplete bars ; secondaries 
with white tips and two broad white spaces occupying almost 
the whole of the inner webs; outer pair of rectrices pure white, 
with one deep brown bar in the middle, the following two pairs 
with a cross bar, the tip and a broad margin on the outer web 
deep brown, the next pair to the central one similarly coloured, but 
without the bar; central pair greyish brown, undulated and narrowly 
barred with deep brown ; chin, throat, and lower abdomen white ; 
lower tail-coverts buffy white; breast and upper abdomen brown 
and buff. Total length about 9 inches, wing 5-6 to 6, tail 4*7 to 5, 
tarsus 0*63, feathered for half its length. 

Adult female. Very different from the male ; above darker and 
more uniform ; spots and bars on the quills rufous ; no white in the 
tail; chin, throat, and abdomen buff, with darker bars. Wing 5m5 
inches, tail 4*1. 

Young male. Spots on the primaries not white but rufous ; throat 
and abdomen, not pure white; outer rectrices shaded with buff, 
outer webs brown, barred with fulvous ; a blackish bar of irregular 
form on the outer pair, but with traces developed on the pair nest 
to the central ones; with age this bar becomes more and more 

CAPKIMULGID^. 

m 

regular on the outer pair, and disappears on the pair next to the 
central ones, hut these hars vary a great deal in shape and size. 

Specimens from the Merume Mountains in British Guiana and from 
Colombia seem to be rather larger and darker, but this does not appear 
to be a constant character, as the species varies to a certain extent 
in shade of colour. 

Hob. Prom Panama throughout the northern parts of South 
America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guiana, and the islands of Trinidad 
and Tobago. 

Messrs. Sclater and Salvin (J. c.) record the species from Martinique, 
but this statement wants confirmation. 

a, 
b. 
c. 
. d ad. sk. 
, d ad. sk. 
d ; d. 2 ad. 
S. America.
S. America.
Ckitra, Veragua (Arce). 
Purchased. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
e. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
sk. 
9d 
ad. sk. 
i, k. d ad. sk. 
Antioquia, U.S. of Colombia(Sahnon). 
Tobago (Kirk). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
I. d ad. &k. Venezuela. Purchased. 
m, n. d ; o. 2 Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Nov., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
JP-
ad. sk. 
5 imm. sk. 
Dec. (H. WMtely). 
Merume Mts., Brit. Guiana,
June (H WMtely). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
u. 
•s. d; t. ? 
ad. sk. 
d ad. sk. 
Aimai, Brit. Guiana, June ,
July, Dec. (H. WMtely). 
Guiana (Broion). 
Salvin-Godman 
Sclater Coll. 
Coll. 
3. Stenopsis ruficervix. 

Stenopsis ruficervix, ScL P. Z. S. 1866, p. 140, pi. xiv. (Colombia); 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 59 (1869) ; Scl # tialvin, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 782 
(Merida, Venezuela); iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 96 ,* iid. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 531; Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 439 (B. Guiana). 

Caprimulgus decussatus, Cab. {nee Tsch.) in Sehomb. Guiana, iii. 

p. 710 (1848). 
? Stenopsis platura* Pelz. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 589; id. Orn. Bras. 
pp. 12, 53 (1867). 

Adult male* Above black spotted with rufous, the spots on the 
sides of the crown whitish* a rufous band across the hind neck ; 
wing-coverts with larger buff spots; primaries deep blackish brown, 
the first four crossed by a band of pure white; four lateral pairs of 
rectrices with broad white tips, but the outer web more or less overspread 
with brown and the white on the fourth less in extent; a 
narrower white band across the middle of the tail confined to the inner 
webs, a still narrower and sometimes ill-defined one near the base; 
central pair of rectrices similar in colour to the upper parts, without 
white; chin and breast similar in colour to the upper wing-coverts; 
a white band across the throat; abdomen fulvous, becoming more or 
less uniform to the lower tail-coverts. Total length about 9 inches, 
wing 6-3 to 6*8, tail 4*6. 

Adult female. Different from the male. The band across the 

* Seems to be smaller than St. ruficervix. 
4. STENOPSIS. 
585 
throat pale fulvous, the alar speculum more or less overspread with 
rufous, and no pure white in the tail. 
Young. Similar to the female, but paler; quills with terminal 
edges of huff. 
Hah. Colombia to Ecuador, Venezuela (Merida), to British 
Guiana (Roraima). An inhabitant of higher elevations. 

a. d I b-$ ad. Roraima, Brit. Guiana, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (JET. Whitely). 
c. J ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. 6 ad. j e. 6 Sierra Nevada, Santa Marta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
imm. sk. Aug. (Simons). 
/. S ad. sk. Retiro, Antioquia (Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 


g. 6 
; h- $ ad. Santa Elena, IT. S. of Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (Salmon). 
i. 
§ ad. sk. Envigado, Antioquia (Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
kt <$ ad. sk. Antioquia, U. S. of Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Salman). 


/. 
J ad. sk. Bogota. Gould Coll. 

m. J imm. sk. Bogota. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n, o. S\ P-? ad. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
sk. (Types of the species.) 


q. Imm. sk. Quito. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
r. Imm. sk. Quito. Gould Coll. 
$, t c? inim. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
w. $ ad. sk. Monji, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t\ (5 ad. sk. Monji, Ecuador (Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
w. S 
imm. sk. Vicinity of Pasto, Ecuador Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Lehmann). 
A\ tf ad. sk. Ecachupata, E. Peru, Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(H. Whitely). 
4. Stenopsis longirostris *. 
Caprimulgus longirostris, Bp. Journ. Ac. Phil. iv. pt. ii. p. 384 (1825). 
Antrostomus longirostris, Bp. Consp. i. p. 61 (1850); Burm. Syst. 
Ueb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 387 (1856). 
Stenopsis longirostris, Cass. Cat. Caprim. Phil. Mus. (1851); id. U. S. 
Bxpl. Exp. j>. 188 (1858); Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 59 (1869). 
Caprimulgus bifasciatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 22 ; id. in Darwin's 
Voy. Beagle, iii.p. 36 (1841); Koenig- Worth. J.f. 0.1868, p. 382. 
Stenopsis bifasciata, Scl. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 328 (Chili); Scl. $ Salvin, 

P. Z. S. 1868, p. 142 (Conchitas); Bumf. Ibis, 1877, p. 37,1878, 
p. 396 (Patagonia); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 9 (Coquimbo); 
Tacz. Orn. Perou, i. p. 221 (1884) j Scl $ Muds. Argent. Orn. ii. 
p. 14 (1889). 
Antrostomus bifasciatus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 61 (1850). 
Caprimulgus conterminus, Peale, Zool. Eipl. Exp. p. 169 (1858). 
Stenopsis reticularis, Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 59 (1869) (descr. nulla). 
Caprimulgus andinus, Landb. Arch./. Naturg. 1860, p. 279. 
Adult male. Above greyish, transversely mottled with blackish, 
black spots along the centre of the crown, a collar of rufous buff 
round the hind neck; scapulars with much black, and with buff 
spots and edges laterally ; wing-coveits spotted with buff near the 
tips; primaries deep brown, first four crossed by a broad bar of 

* There can be no doubt, I think, that Bonaparte's name belongs to the 
present species. 
586 
CAPRIMULGHD^I. 

white, often spotted with rufous near the base, following primaries 
brown, spotted with rufous; inner secondaries similar to the upper 
parts ; central pair of rectrices greyish brown, mottled and irregularly 
barred with black; three outer rectrices on each side largely 
tipped with white, fourth with a white spot on the tip of the inner 
web ; another band of white across the inner webs of the outer rectrices 
; a band of white tinged with buff across the throat; 
abdomen buff, irregularly barred with dark brown ; under wing-
coverts buff, more or less barred with brown. Total length about 
9 inches, wing 6-1 to 6*4, tail 4*4 to 4*7, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Colours somewhat duller and more brownish, collar 
less obvious, bands across the primaries buff; tail brown and rufous 
buff throughout, without any pure white colour. 


Young. Similar to the adult specimens, the white spots already developed, 
but colours more brownish, quills narrowly tipped with white. 
Hah. From the Andes of Chili throughout Bolivia and the interior 
of JBrazil to Patagonia. 


a. S ^d. sk. South America. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b, c. J ad. et $ Arequipa, Peru (H. Whitely). Sclater Coll 
jr. &k. 


d. 6 ad. sk. Tilotilo, Prov. Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll 
(C. Buckley).^ 
e. c? imm. sk. Coqnimbo, Chili. Dr. Coppinger [C] 
/. <$ ad. sk. Chili (E. C. Reed). Salvin-Godman CoIL 
g. (S ad.; h. o ad. • Santiago, Chili (Landbeck $• Sclater Coll. 
i. $ imm. sk. Leybold). 
k. $ ad. sk. Cordillera de Santiago (12. C. Sclater Coll. 
Meed). 
l-p. $ ad. sk. Chili. Purchased. 


q. (S ad. sk. Chili (Leybold). Sclater Coll. 
r, s,t 
(S ? ad. Chili (Landbeck). H. Berkeley Jamesf 
sk. Esq. [P.] 


u. $ 
ad. st. Valparaiso. C.Darwin, Esq. [P. \ 
(I Vpe of O. htfaseiatm^) 
v. (S ad.; w. <$ Chupat, Patagonia, May, Kov. II. Durnford, Esq. 
juv. sk. [C] 
x. 
$ imm. sk. Brazil (?). Purchased. ( C. reti-* 
eulaius, Gray.) 
5. Stenopsis decussata. 
Oaprimulgus decussate, Tsch. Wiegm. Arch. 1844, p. 268; id. Faun. 
Fern. p. 126, pi. v. (1846); JBp. Consp. i. p. 61 (1850). 
Caprimulgus asquicaudatus, Peale, U. ti. Bxpl. JEJxp., ZuoL B. p. 168 
(1848). 
Antrostomus aequicaudatus, ScL P. Z. S. 1807, p."M~2 (Lima); SeL 
8ftialv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 569 (Arequipa). 
Stenopsis aequicaudata, Scl.fytialv.Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 96 (1873); 
iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 62Q (Bolhia); Tacz. Orn. Per. i. p. 22'2 (1884). 
? Stenopsis macrorhyncha, Salvad. Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Hat xi. p. 160 
(1868). 

Similar to St. longirosiris, but smaller and paler, the ground-colour 
being sandy buff, the collar on the hind neck paler, white spots on 
the primaries narrower. Total length about 8 inches, wing 5-41 
tail 4, tarsus 0-65. 

Hab. Peru. 

5 . NYCTIDROMUS. 587 
a. $ ad. sk. May, Peru, Sept. 13 (If. Sclater Coll. 
b. 2 ad. sk. 
c. d. $ $ ad. sk. 
Whitely). 
Lima {Nation).
Oallao, Peru, Sept. (A. H.
Markhani). 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

5. 
mrCTIDEOMXTS. 
Type 
Nyctidromus, Gould, Icones Avium, ii. pi. 2 (1838) ... . N. albicollis. 
Eucapripodus, Less. Echo du Monde Sav. 1843 N. albicollis. 
This genus is allied to Caprimulgus, but the very long and bare 

tarsus, in addition to the different habits, which are somewhat terrestrial, 
may be sufficient reasons for generic separation. The sexes 
are different in colour, 

Ranye. From Texas throughout Central and South America to 
Southern Brazil. 

1. Nyctidromus albicollis. 
Montvoyau de la Guyane, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 580 (1779). 
Tette-chevre roux de la Guyane, Daubent. PI JEJnl. 733 (J). 
White-throated Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. p. 596 (1783). 
Guiana Goatsucker, id. ibid. p. 598 (1783). 
Caprinmlgus albicollis, Gm. Syst. Nat ii. p. 1030 (1788); Lath. Ind. 


Orn. ii. p. 585 (1790); Steph. Gen. Zool. x. p. 155 (1817); Vieill 
JEnc. Mm. p. 536 (1823); Hartl. Ind. Azara, pp. 20, 310 (1847); 
Cab. in Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 710 (1848) ; Leot. Ois. Trinidad, 

p. 72 (1866); ScL Lbis, 1867, p. 107 (Trinidad). 
Caprimulgus 
guianensis, Gm. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 1030 (1788); Lath. 
Ind. Orn. ii. p. 586 (1790); Vieill Nouv. Diet. x. p. 239 (1817) ; 
Wied, Beitr. iii. p. 318 (1830); Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil 1851, 

p. 183; id. Cat. Capr. Mus. Phil no. 2 (1851); Koenig-Warth. 
J. f. O. 1868, p. 379 (nidific). 
Ibiyau, Azara, Apunh p. 310 (1802). 
Caprimulgus laticaudus, Drip. Diet. Class. Sc. Nat. iv, p. 133 (1838; 
Brazil). 

Nyctidromus derbyanus, Gould, Icon. Av. ii. pi. ii. (1838); Gray, 
List Fissirostr. Brit. Mus. p. 11 (1844) ; id. Gen. B. p. 48 (1849); 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 62 (1850). ^ 

Nyctidromus affinis, Gray, List Fissirostr. Brit. Mus. p. 11 (1844). 
Nyctidromus grallarius, Bp. Consp. i. p. 62 (1850); Cass. Proc. Ac. 

Phil 1851, p. 183; id. Cat. Capr. Mm. Phil no. 3 (1851). 
Antrostomus guianensis and albicollis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 61 (1850). 
Nyctidromus americanus* Cass. Proc. Ac. Phi 1851, p. 179; id. 

Cat. Capr. Mus. Phil no. 1 (1851); JScL P. Z. S. 1856, p. 285, 
1859, p. 367 (Mexico); Sd. # Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 125; Cab. f 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 92 (1860); Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. 

p. 290 (1861); Salvin, Ibis, 1866, p. 203 (Guatemala). 
Nyctidromus 
albicollis, Burm. Syst. TJtbers. Th. Bras. ii. p. 389 
(1856); Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 193 (Upper Ucayali); iid. 

P. Z. S.1867, pp. 752, 978: iid. P. Z. S. 1869, p. 252 (Venezuela); 
%id. ibid. p. 598, 1870, p. 782 (Merida), p. 837 (Honduras), 1873, 
pp. 196, 290 (Peru), 1875, p. 237 (Venezuela), 1879, p. 532; iid. 
* Nee CaprimuUjitb ameruanub, Linn. 
CAPRIMULGID-E. 

ibid. p. 626 (Bolrvia); iid. Nomencl Av. Neotr. p. 97 (1873); Scl 

B. Z. S. 1866, pp. 124, 144; Gray, Sand-L i. p. 60 (1869); Laior. 
Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 204 (1869 j Yucatan); id. Mem. Bost. Soc. 
N. E. ii. p. 291 (1874; W. Mexico); id. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. iv. 
p. 31 (1876); Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 375; Lee, Ibis, 1873, p. 134; 
Layard, t. c. p.'399; Cab. J. f. 0. 1874, p. 226 (Rio); Tacz. 
P. Z. S. 1877, p. 327; id. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 240 (Peru); id. Orn. 
Berou, i. p. 226 (1884); Bidgw. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 300 (1877, 
part.); id. Broc. U. S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 258 (1880), x. p. 592 
(1881); Boucard, B. Z. S. 1878, p. 67 (Costa Rica); Salv. § Godm. 
Ibis, 1880, p. 174; Nutting, Broc. U.S. Nat. Mus. v. p. 398 
(1882); Bidgw. Broc. U. S. Nat. Mus. v. p. 501 (Costa Rica); 
Smnichr. Naturaleza, v. p. 249 (1882; Mexico); Nutting, Broc, 
TJ. S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 386 (1883); Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 439 (B. 
Guiana); id. Ibis, 1889, p. 368 (Cozumel); Cory, Auk, 1889, 
p. 277 (Porto Rico). 
Nyctidromus 
guiauensis, Cass. Cat. Capr. Mus. Bkil. p. 12 (1851) • 
Burm. Syst. TJeb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 391 (1856) ; Lawr. Ami. Lye. 
N Y. vii. p. 290 (1861; Panama); Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 281 (1862); 
id. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 176 (City of Mexico); E. C. Taylor, Ibis, 1864, 

p. 90 (Trinidad); Scl. $ Salv. B. Z. S. 1864, p. 364 (Panama); 
Belz. Orn. Bras. p. 13 (1867); Salvin, B. Z. S. 1870, p. 204 
(Veragua). 
Adult male. Above brown in different shades, finely mottled with 
darker brown, sometimes rather greyish brown, often rather rufous; 
top of the head with longitudinal black spots, bolder in the centre 
of the crown, where they form a long stripe; ear-coverts golden 
buff; scapulars with large black spots, chiefly on the outer webs, 
and broadly bordered with bright buff; primaries deep browTn, 
with a broad white band across the first four or five, often indistinct 
on the fifth, and more or less fulvous on the outer webs; wing-
coverts with terminal buff spots ; outermost pair of reetrices deep 
brown, with a more or less developed white streak on the inner 
webs, the next pair white, more or less dusky on the outer webs; 
the following pair white, inclining to buff, barred with dusky near 
the base and on a great part of the outer webs, this coloration 
varying in extent; lower parts buff, regularly barred with dusky, 
darker on the breast; a broad white band across the throat, sometimes 
almost interrupted in the middle. Total length about 10 to 
11 inches, wing 5*7 to 6*9, tail 5*7 to 6-6, tarsus 0*9 to 1*1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but smaller, the markings 
duller and therefore not so beautifully contrasted, the band across 
the primaries not pure white, but more or less shaded with buff ; 
outer rectrices barred with buff, only the tips of the next two pairs 
white. Wing 5'6 to 6*5 inches, tail 5*4 to 6. 

Young. Colours duller, the abdomen not so distinctly barred as 
in adult individuals; white on the tail less in extent; white on the 
primaries less pure ; head not so boldly streaked, but with drop-like 
spots, surrounded by light grey. 

The nestling is covered with buff down, darker above. 

This species, like many Goatsuckers, varies greatly in colour and 
size. The perfect plumage of the adult bird is apparently not 

-5. KYCTIDKOMTTS. 

gained in the first year. Besides this there is a rufous phase of 
plumage, which is independent of locality, sex, or age, but more 
common in some places, rarer in others. As a rule, specimens from 
Guiana and Colombia are very small and dark rufous, and might be 
distinguished as local races, whereas the specimens from Matto 
Grosso, Brazil, as well as those from Central America and Mexico, 
are generally larger. The species, however, varies much in coloration 
and size. 

Hab. Tropical America from Mexico to Southern Brazil (Matto 
Grosso). It seems to be absent from the West Indies, but a speci


men has been recorded from Porto Rico. 

«> #• 6 2 ad. sk.

c, d. Ad. st.
e,f. <$ J ad. sk.

g. $; 
h-h. § ad.
sk.
l,m.<$\ n. $ ad.
sk. 
o, p. <5; q-t. 2ad. sk.

u. 2 ad. sk.
v. 2 ad. sk.
w. 2 ad- sk. 
x. 
6 nnm.; y. 2 
ad. sk. 
z. 
2 ad. sk. 
a\ rf; b'9 C. 2 

ad. sk. 
d'. (S ad. sk. 
e\ Ad. sk. 

/'-A'.c?; *,*'.? 
ad. sk. 
I'. 2 ad. sk. 

m'. $ ad. sk.
n', o'. 2 ad. sk.
p'. 2 ad. sk.
q'-u'. $ ad. et

imm.; v'~z\ J 

ad. sk. 
a". S ad. st.
b". c". 2 ad. sk.

d". <$ imm. sk.

*"-&". d; h"-f.

o ^di. sk. 
m"-p".6; qu, r".
2 
ad. sk. 

 Tres Marias Islands, April (A. 
Forrer). 

 Mexico. 
Presidio de Mazatlan, April, 
June (A. Forrer). 
Colima, Jan. (W. B. Richardson). 
Tepic, May (TV. B. R.). 

 Tehuantepec, Feb., March ( W. 

 B. It.), 
Tonala, Chiapas, Feb. (W. 
B. R.). 
Acapulco, Guerrero (D. W. 
Smith). 
City of Mexico (White). 
Tampico, June (W. B. R.). 

Misantla, March (F. D. God-
man). 
Jalap a (De Oca). 

Orizaba (Botteri). 
Playa Vicente, Vera Cruz (M. 
Trujillo). 
Teapa, Feb. (D. W. Smith). 

Buctzotz, Yucatan, April (G. 

F. Gaumer). 
Peto, Yucatan (G. F. G.). 
Temax, Yucatan {G. F. G.) 
Mugeres IsL, Dec. (G. F. G.). 
Cozumel (G. F. G.). 
British Honduras. 
Orange Walk, Br. Honduras, 
Dec. (G. F. Q.). 
Belize, Br. Honduras (Blancaneaux). 


 Guatemala. 

 Duenas (0. S.). 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

D. Dyson [C.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Gould & Tweeddale 
Colls. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

590 

*", t". S S ad. 
sk. 
u''. $ ad. sk. 

ad. sk. 
?/' 3 ad. sk. 
a3.' 3 ad. sk. 

63. c? ad. sk. 
c3. Imm. sk. 
d\ $ ad. sk. 
e3-A3. <3 ad. sk. 
t3. tf; If, I". $ 
ad. et imm. sk. 
m3, w3. c? ad- sk. 

o\ $ ad.; p3. 
Pull. sk. 
#3. c? ad. sk. 

rz-u\ cJ; ^. § 
ad. sk. 
w3. $ ad. sk. 


#33

, y. c? ad. et 
imm. sk. 
s3. cJ ad. sk. 


a\ b\ $ ad.; c4. 
Pull. sk. 
rf1. 3 ad. sk. 

e4, f. rf $ ad. 

sk. 
<t74, 3 ad. sk. 
A1, c? ad. sk. 
i%. $ ad. sk. 
k\l\ d; m\ 2 

ad. sk. 
rfi. <S ad. sk. 

o4. $ ad. sk. 

jt?4. $ ad. sk. 
#4, r1. tf ad. et 

imm. sk. 
s\t\ d ? ad.sk. 
ti4-. <$ ad. sk. 
v4. $ ad. sk. 

20*. $ ad. sk. 

x\y\ S; *l-b\ 

$ ad. sk. 

ad. sk. 
/ 5. ? ad. sk. 

^5. tf ad. sk. 

CAPRIMULGIDJE. 

Chisec, Vera Paz (0. S.).

Chuacas, Feb. (0. S.). 
Retalheuleu (0. S.). 


Choctum, Jan. (0. S.). 
Cahabon, Jan. (0. 6'.). 
Coban (O. A). 
Teleman, Nov. (O. &). 
Pine ridge of Poctum (0. 6'.). 
La Libprtad, Salvador, Feb. 


(W. B. Richardson). 
Chinandega, Nicaragua, May, 

June (W. B. %.). 

Momotombo, Nicaragua, May 

(W. B. JR.). 
Irazu district, Costa Rica 
(W. 
Rogers). 

San Jose, Costa Rica, March 20 

(J. Carmiol). 
Panama. 

Oalovevora (Arce). 
Chiriqui (Arce). 

Arichuca, Colombia, March 7 

(F. Simons). 
Bogota. 

Santa Rita Mts., Ecuador {<?. 

Buckley). 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (C. Buck


ley). 
Esnieraldas, Nov. (L. Fraser). 
Caracas, Venezuela. 
Trinidad. 
Bartica Grove, British Guiana, 

June to Sept. (H. WMtely). 
Maroni River, Surinam (Kappler). 


Cayenne. 

Demerara. 
Island of Mexiana (A. R. Wallace). 


Para. 
Para (F. L. Layard). 
Pebas, Upper Amazons (/. 

Hauxwell). 
Pernambuco (W. A. Forbes). 
Chapada, Matto Grosso, Feb., 

May (I). W. Smith). 
Bahia (Dr. Wucherer). 

Rio Claro, Prov. Goyaz 

(Joyner). 
Sao Paulo (Joyner). 

 Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Gudman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Salvin-Godman Col J. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Gudman ColL 

Sclater Cull. 
Salvin-Gudman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Sclater Coll. 

D. Dyson "C.j. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

H. C. Rotkery, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Gould ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

R. Graham, E^.pP.}. 
Tweeddale ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

C. SIPHONOREIS. 
591 

A3. J ad. sk. Pelotas, Hio Grande do Sul Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Joyner). 

i5

- 
2 a^. st. Brazil. Lord Stuart de 
Rothesay [P.]. 
&B-m*. S]n\ $ Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
o\ Skull. S. America. Purchased. 

Subsp. a. Kyxtidromus merrilli. 

Nyctidromus albicollis, Merrill, Bull. Nutt. Om.Club, i. p. 88 (1876; 
Texas) ; id. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 143 (1878; S. Texas). 
Nyctidruruus albicollis merrilli, Se?znett, Auk, 1888, p. 44 (Texas); 
CAap7nan, t c. p. 402. 

Adult male. Distinguished by the prevailing grey colour of the 
upper surface, especially the very grey crown and mantle and the 
light-coloured central rectrices, by its large size, by the bars on the 
abdomen being less numerous, and by the outer pair of rectrices 
in the male having generally little or no white at all. "Wing 6'6 
to 7*4 inches, tail 7. 

Adult female. A little smaller than the male; outermost rectrices 
barred with buff, the next pair tipped with white; white throat-patch 
more restricted in size • colours of the upper surface less brilliant. 

Younger individuals are more fulvous, the wing-patch shaded 
with fulvous, the outer rectrices barred or showing remains of bars. 
The nestling is covered with buff down, much darker and almost 
fulvous above. 

This is a well recognizable grey and rather large northern form, 
but it cannot be raised to specific rank since most of the specimens 
from Mexico and many from Yucatan are intermediate, and a sharp 
line cannot be drawn; they gradually merge into the southern 
form. I have not yet seen the well-pronounced rufous phase from 
Texas. 

Hah. Southern Texas and Northern Mexico. 

a-Jc. c? § ad. sk. Brownsville, Texas (F. B. Arm- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
strong). 

I. <$ ad. sk. Benavides, Texas (F. B. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m-o. <S] p. 5 Hidalgo, Texas (F. B. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
q1 r. ($; s, t. $ San Patricio, Texas, Dec. (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. B. A.). 
u,v. 
($; w, x. $ Corpus Ohristi, March (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. B. A.). 

y. 
9 ad. sk. Nuevo Leon, Mexico, June 11 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(JP. B. A.). 
6. SIPHONOKHIS. 
Type. 

Siphonorhis, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 77 S. americanus. 

The bill is extremely broad at base, the tip strong and heavily 
decurved; nostrils tubular and very prominent; rictal bristles 

oUti OAinUMULQWM. 

Hirongly developed. Wing pointed, third primary longest; tail 
rounded, almost graduated. Tarsi long and naked. The sexes differ 

•slightly in coloration. 
RtiHye. Restricted to the island of Jamaica. 
1. Siphonorlris americanus. 
Small Wood-Owl, Shanet Toy. Jamaica, ii. p. 296. 

(WimuliriH americanus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 193 (1758); id. 
Al \ii i. p. \m (17(5(5); Gm. Syst Nat. ii. p. 1032 (1788); Vieill. 
A,>wr. Diet x. p. 239 (1817). 

Kngouleveiit a Lunettes on Ilaleur, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 543 

(1779). 
Ohordeilos americanus, Bp. Camp. i. p. 03 (1850). 
Siphonorhis americanus, ScL R Z. 8. 1861, p. 77; id. Cat. Am. B. 

p. 282 (1802) j id. I\ Z. 8. 1866, p. 144; id. J.f.O. 1867, p. 277; 
Alhrecht J. f. 0. 1862, p. 199; March, Pr. Ac. Nat. 8c. Phil. 
1863, p. 286; Gray, Iland-l. B. i. p. 60 (1869); Sol <$• Salv. 
Nomeiirl. A v. Neotrop. p. 97 (1873); A. <$ JE. Newt Handb. 
Jamaica, p. 109 (1881); Cory, List B. W. Ind. i. p. 16 (1885) ; 
id. B. W. Ind. p. 139 (1889). 
Adult male. General colour a somewhat rufous-brown, mottled 
and streaked with greyish and dark brown: along the top of the 
head some broader, on the back and rump some narrower blackish 
shaft-stripes; scapulars heavily blotched with black and laterally 
streaked with whitish; wing-coverts with buff terminal spots ; 
primaries deep brown, irregularly banded with rufous, this colour 
being lighter on the outer webs ; rectrices dull rufous, irregularly 
barred and mottled with dark brown, and with a dark brown subterminal 
bar and a white terminal bar; throat and breast dark 
rufous-brown, a white band across the former ; feathers of the 
lower breast dark brown, tipped and barred with dull white; abdomen 
fawn-colour, barred with brown. Total length nearly 9 inches, 
wing 5*3, tail 4*8, tarsus 0*9, middle «toe 0*95, oulmen 0*4, width of 
gape 0*6. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but a little paler, the white 
patch on tfie throat somewhat duller, and the rectrices tipped with 
buff instead of white. 

Hah, Jauuiica. 

a. cf ad- «k. Trelawny, Jamaica, Sept. 14 (Osburn). Sclater Coll. 
b. 2 ad. «k. Westmoreland, Jamaica, Aug. 21 (OsSclater 
Coll. 
bum). 

7. HELEOTHEEPTUS. 
Type. 

Arahivpterus, Goidd (nee Agass.), P. Z. S. 1837, p. 105. H. anomalus. 

Eleothreptus {kge Heleothreptus), Gray, List Gen. B. 
P*7 ( m°) ' H. anomalus. 

In this very remarkable genus the male and the female have 
totally different wings. In the male the first six primaries are 
curved inwards and about equal in length, the seventh, eighth, and 

7 . HELEOTHKEPTTJS. 
ninth are elongated, the eighth being longest, the tenth about half 

as long. In the female the first four are about equal in length, the 

rest gradually becoming shorter. The tail is somewhat short and 

square; the bill is rather broad, the rictal bristles strong and long ; 

the middle toe is about twice as long* as the lateral toes; the tarsus 

a little shorter than the middletoe with claw, feathered in front 

for about the upper half. Nothing is known about the nidification. 

Range. Central and Southern Brazil and Argentina. 

1. Heleothreptns anomalus. 
Amblypterus anomalus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 105; id. Icon. Av. 
pi. 11 (1838); Pete. Peise Nov., Yog. p. 36 (1865). 
Eleothreptus anomalus, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 7 (1840); id. Gen. B. 

i. p. 49 (1847) : id. ListFissir. Brit. Mus. p. 10 (1848); JBp. Cbnsp. 
i. p. 62 (1850) ; Burm. Syst. TJeb. Th. Br mil ii. p. 338 (1856); Cab. 
ty Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 93 (1860); Pete, Peis. Novara, Vog. p. 86 
(1865); id. Orn. Bras. p. 12 (1862) • Gray, Hand-L B. i. p. 60 
(1869). 
Heleothreptus 
anomalus, Sol. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 143; id. fy Sah. 
Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 97 (1873) ; Durnford, Ibis, 1878, p. 62 
(Buenos Ayres) ; 8cl. <y Huds. Argentine Orn. ii. p. 16 (1889). 

Adult male. Above greyish brown, spotted and dashed with 
blackish brown, rather boldly along the top of the head and on the 
scapulars ; lores, an indistinct superciliary stripe, some spots on 
the neck and in the centres of the wing-coverts pale fawn-colour ; 
primaries deep blackish brown, with the basal portion rusty fawncolour, 
with large whitish tips to the first five and a small whitish 
terminal spot to the sixth; rectrices fawn-colour, with whitish 
tips, irregularly barred with blackish, the two central feathers like 
the back ; beneath, throat and breast deep brown, with fawncoloured 
shaft-spots; abdomen pale fawn-colour, irregularly barred 
with deep brown, more uniform towards the lower tail-coverts. 
Total length about 7*5 inches, wing 5'2, eighth primary 0*5 longer, 
tail 3, tarsus 0*7, bill just behind the nostrils 0*28. 

Adult female. Similar in general coloration to the male, but the 
wings are brown, banded with rufous. The females of batterer's 
collection seem to be larger, the wing measuring 5*4 inches, the 
tail 3*5. 

The female from (Juilmes, in Buenos Ayres, is a little more 
grey, and has distinct whitish terminal spots to the feathers on 
the sides of the crown and neck. I believe these to be signs of immaturity. 


Hah. The same as that of the genus. 

a. (S ad. sk. [Demerara.] Dr. J. E. Gray [P.j 
(Type of species.) 
b. 2 
ad. sk. Irisanga, Brazil, Jan. 19 {Nat- Sclater Coll. 
terer). 
c. $ ad. sk S. Brazil (Natterer). Salvin-Grodman Co 
d. $ sk. Quilmes, province of Buenos IT. Durnford, Esq. 
Ayres, March 31. [O.]. 
VOL. xvi. 2 a 


CAPBIMULGIDJB. 

8. MACRODIPTERYX. Type> 
Macrodipteryx, 8wamon} B. W. Afr. ii. p. 62, pi. v. 
n 537j .M . macrodipterus. 
Range. That of the single species. 

1. Macrodipteryx macrodipterus. 
Cab. §* Heine, Mus. Mem. iii. p. 90 (ISiSO); Boeaye, Jurn. lisk 
1808, p. 133 (Angola); Gray, Rand-l L p. 00 (lbU9); £&<?/'. 4* 
BucU. Ibis, 1872, p. 290; Peh. Ibis, 1873, p. 107; Jik^/. Or//. 
N,0.-Afi\ I p. 137 (1874); Sato, 6W. ^m-E Coil. p. 37b 
(1882); Eartert, J.f. 0.1880, p. 591 (Haussa); Bekhen. J.f.O. 
1891, p. 381 (Togo; egg), 

Adult male. Above brown, more or less distinctly mottled with 
ashy ; feathers of the head centred with black, paler on the margins; 
scapulars deep black, with broad outer margins of bright buff; 
wing-coverts spotted with bright buff; a rufous collar round the 
neck, more obvious by contrast with the hind neck; quills deep 
brown, broadly barred with rufous, paler on the inner webs; tail 
crossed by irregular and spotted bands of pale rufous; abdomen and 
under wing-coverts buff, barred with brown; under tail-coverts 
uniform buff; breast brown, mixed with grey and bright buff; 
ninth primary more than twice as long as the wing, shaft bare 
except for about 5 to 6 inches at the tip, where it is ornamented 
with long webs. Total length about 8 to 9 inches, wing 0-8, tail 5, 
tarsus 0*7, ninth primary about 17 inches long. 
Adult female. Similar to the male, but without any elongated quill. 

Young birds are much paler; the band across"the neck is less 
developed. According to Heuglin the shaft of the ninth primary is 
not bare in freshly-moulted specimens. 

The species varies a good deal in markings, the band across the 
neck being often indistinct, and the ground-colour darker or paler. 
Hob. From Western Abyssinia to the west coast of Africa, where 

it has been found from Senegambia to the -Niger region. 

a. $ ad. sk.
b. 3 ad. sk.
c. <$ ad. sk. 
[Africa (VerreaiLv).] 
[W. Africa.] 
[W. Africa.] 
Sclater ColL 
Purchased. 
Vienna Museum 
[E. l 
d. $ ad. sk.
e. $ ad. ; / .
Imm. sk. 
Sierra Leone. 
Gambia (Sir A. Moloney). 
Sir E" Sabine f P.1 
Shelley Coll. J 
g. 6 ad. sk. Eiver Gambia. Sharpe Coll 
h. Imm.:
ad. sk. 
e. $ Accra, Feb. 11 (67. J?. &). Shelley Coll 
J 
k <J ad. sk. River Bonny (Hyslop). Jardine Coll. 
/. Imm. sk. Bogos-land. Ui\ Edex. 

9 . OOSMETOENIS. 
9. COSMETOBKTIS. 
Type. 
Seineiophorus, Gould {nee Agass., nee WagI.), Icon, Av. 


ii. pi. 3 (1838) 0. vexillarius. 
Cosmetornis, Gray, List Gen, B. p. 8 (1840)........ 0. vexillarius. 
The differences between Gosmetornis and Macrodijpteryx, stated on 
p. 520, are so important that these two genera cannot be united into 
one, 
Eange. Tropical Africa, 


1. Cosnietomis vexillarius. 
Semeiophorus vexillarius, Gould, Icon. Av. ii. pi. 3 (1838) ; Marti. 
Arch.f Naturg. xxxiii. p. 10 (1867) ; id. P. Z. S. 1887, p. 821. 

Oosmetornis 
vexillarius, Ilaril. Ibis, 1862, p. 143 (S. Africa) ; Sol 
Ibis, 1864, p. 114; Kirk, ibid. p. 323 (Zambesi) ; Finch $ Earth 
Vog. O.-Afr. p. 129 (1870) ; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S, Afr. p. 89 
(1875); Bocac/e, Oni. Angola, p. 155 (1881) ; Shelley, Ibis, 1832. 

p. 240; id. Ibis, 1890, p. 167 (Aruwhimi E.) j Holub fy Pete. 
Beitr. Orn. Sildafr. p. 54 (1882J ; Fischer, Zeitsehr. yes. Om. 
1884, p. 359 iMassai); Hartert, J.f. 0. 1886, p. 591 (Benue); 
Hartl. Abh. naturw. Ver. Bremen, xii. p. 32 (1891). 
Alacrodipteryx vexillarius, Bp. Gonsp. i. p. 63 (1850); Gray, Hand-L 

i. p. 61; Heugl Orn. N. O.-Afr. i. p. 134 (1869); EartL Vog. 
Madagascar, p. 56 (1877). 
Gosmetornis spekei, Sol, Ibis, 1864, p. 114, pi. ii. 
Macrodipteryx burtoni, Gray, Hand-L i. p. 61 (1869). 
Macrodipteryx sperlingi, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 626 (Congo); 

Bocage, Oni. Angola, p. 156 (1881). 

« Adult male. Upper parts dark brown, mottled with pale rnfous ; 
top of the head blackish along the middle; a broad collar of rufous, 
spotted with blackish, round the neck, more distinct on the upper 
part ; scapulars with large central spots of black and broadly 
bordered with buff on the outer webs ; primaries deep brown, white 
at base for about one third and tipped with white; seventh and 
eighth quills elongated and not tipped with white; the ninth extremely 
elongated, about three times as long as the first primary, 
white at base and along tho shaft and inner web, the outer web 
more or less dark brown.; rectrices brown, irregularly barred with 
brownish buff; a large spot of white on the throat; abdomen white, 
barred with brown, middle of abdomen almost pure white; lower 
tail-coverts white; under wing-coverts white, barred with brown. 
Total length about 10*5 inches, wing 8*4, eighth primary about 2 
inches longer, ninth primary about 18 inches longer than the first, 
tail 5*4-, tarsus 0*9, culmen 0-4. 

Adult female. Upper parts coloured as in the male, but the rufous 
collar narrower; wings more spotted with buff; abdomen and under 
tail-coverts pale buff, barred with brown; wing without anv 
elongated primaries ; quills deep brown, with about five large rufous 
spots on inner and outer webs. Wing about 7'6 inches* 

In younger males the ninth primary is not so long, and brown on 
both webs. 
Eab. Throughout Eastern Africa as far south as Damara-land, 
2Q2 

CAPKIMULGIDiE. 

596 

across the continent to the Benne and Angola in the west and Fern


ando Po. 

a, b. S &&> s^- 
Tingasi, Equatorial Africa, Emin Pasha [P.]. 

July 2. 

c. $ ad. sk. Senmiio, Niani-Niani Country, F. Bohndorff[C.]. 
March. 
d.e. S 2 ad. sk. Mamboio, E. Africa (Sir J. Shelley Coll. 
Kirk), 
/. c? ad. sk. Lake Nyassa {Sir J. Kirk). Livingstone Exped. 

g. $ ad. sk. Quiliniane. 
Jardine Coll. 
h. <$ ad. sk. Zambesi River (Sir J. Kirk). Livingstone Exped. 
i. 
(S imm. sk. Victoria Falls, Jan. 2 (F. ^Y. E. & C. G. 
Oates). Oates, Esqs. [P."1. 
k. 
<$ ad. sk. Umvuli River, Oct. 18 (J. S. Shelley Coll. 
Jameson). 
1 $ ad. sk. Gangani River, Sept. 13 (J. S. Shelley Coll. 
Jameson). 
m,. $ ad. sk. Damara-land (C. J. Andersson). Sharpe Coll. 

n. 
c? ad. sk. Elephant Vlev, Damara-land, Sharpe Coll. 
Oct. IB (C."J. A.). 
0. 
<$ ad. sk. Angola. Monteiro Coll. 
<$ ad. sk. Fernando Po. Sir R. Burton "P."1. 
10. 
SCOTORNIS. 
T\pe. 
Scotornis, Swainson, B. W. Afr. ii. p. GQ (1837) ... . S. climacurus. 
Range. That of the single species. 

1. Scotornis climacuras. 
Long-tailed Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Syn. iv. p. 540 (1783). 

Capriniulgus climacurus, Vieill. Gal. Ois. i. p. 19-5, pi. 122 (1825; 
Senegal); Keys. £ Bias. Wirb. Eur. pp. xxxiv, 14b' (1840); A. JS. 
JBrehm, Jf. 0. 1853, p. 452 (X.E. Africa); TMenem. Fortpfl. all. 

Vog. pi. xlii. fig. 19 (1856, epg); Koenig-Warth. J.f.O. 1868, 

p. 377 (nidifieat). 
Caprimulgus longicaudis, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 89 (1820). 
Capriniulgus longicaudus, JJrap. Diet. Class. So. Nat. iv. p. 133 
(1838) ; BreJim, Vogelf. p. 44 (1855); Beichen. J. f. 0. 1875, 
pp. 20, 49 (W. Africa). 
Capriniulgus wiederspergii, BcJib. Allg. D. Naturli. Zeitschr. 1846, 

iii. p. 289, pi. ix. 
Scotornis climalurus, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 06 (1837). 
Scortornis climacturus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 51 (1849). 
Scotornis longicauda, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 90 (I860); 
Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 46 (Gold Coast) ; Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. 

p. 133 (1874); Salvin, Cat. Strickl Coll p. 378 (1882); Sharpe, 
Jour. Linn. Soc., Zool xiv. p. 434 (1884) ; Biltiik. Notes Ley den 
Mus. vii. p. 156 (Liberia); Eartert 8f Kutter, J. f. O. 1886, 
p. 591 (Haussa Ld., nidif.). 
Scortornis lougicaudus, Gray, Hand-l i. p. 00 (1809). 
Scotornis nigricans, Sahad. Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat. xi. p. 450 
(1868); id. Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. xxix. p. 22(y (1888); Finsch # 
Bartl. Vog. O.-Afr. p. 857 (1870); Bilttik. Notes Ley den Mus. vii. 

10 . SCOTOKNIS. 
Scortornis finschii, Gray, Sancl-l i. p. 60 (1869). 
Scotornis phasianurns, S. furcatus, S. boreami, S. macrocercus, 

S. longipennis, Pan!, v. Wilrtt. MS., fide Heual. Orn. N.O.-Afr. 
i. p. 133 (1874). 
J 
Adult male. Ground colour of a kind of light ferruginous brown, 
sometimes more greyish, sandy or rufescent, and varied with brown 
or blackish freckles; along the top of the head the usual longitudinal 
blackish spots ; scapulars with blackish centres and broad 
buff, creamy, or orange-buff borders; wing-coverts with larger and 
smaller terminal spots of cream-colour or almost white, forming 
a distinct bar across the upper part of the wing; primaries deep 
brownish black, crossed by a broad band of white, but the first 
primary and sometimes the second with the white restricted to the 
inner web; secondaries brownish black, varied with light rufous 
and tipped with white; central reotrices greatly elongated and of 
the colour of the upper parts, with numerous more or less distinct 
dark bars; lateral tail-feather shortest, outer web and tip white, 
second pair with white tips only; narrow rictal stripe and large 
spot on the throat white or whitish ; breast variegated; abdomen 
light fulvous buff, more or less barred with dark brown; lower 
abdomen and under tail-coverts uniform. Total length about 14*5 
inches, wing 5'8, lateral rectrices 4*3, central 1T3, tarsus 0'7, 
feathered in front for its upper half. 

Adult female. Central rectrices much less elongated, measuring 
about 7 inches; outer webs of lateral rectrices not pure white, and 
the spots on the primaries shaded with ferruginous. 

Young. Seems to be similar to the female. 
This species varies much in the depth of colours. 
Hob. From Nubia throughout the Soudan, across the continent 


to Senegambia, and throughout Western Africa about as far south 
as the Equator. 

a. 3 ad. sk. W. Africa. Purchased. 
b-d. 3 ad. sk. W. Africa. Gould Coll. 
e,f. 3 ad. sk. W. Africa. Sharpe Coll. 
ff, h. 3 ad. sk. Khartoum (E. Marno). Shelley Coll. 
i. 3 ad.; h. 3 E. Africa. Shelley Coll. 
imm. sk. 
I. 3 
ad. sk. Ndorurna,Niam-niam Country, F. Bohndorff, Esq. 
Nov. [P.]. 
m. 3 ad. sk. W. Africa. 
Purchased. 
n. 3 ad. sk. Dakar, Senegal. M. A. Bouvier [P.]. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

o. 3 ad. sk. E. Gambia. 
p-x. 3 ad. et Accra, Feb., March, May 
imm. sk. (Buckley). 

Sharpe Coll. 

y, z. 3 ad. sk. Accra (Smith). 
a'. 3 ad. sk. Int. of Fantee. J. Hickman, Esq. 

b'-e'. 3 ad. sk. Fantee (Ussher §*Blissett). Sharpe Coll. 
f,g',ti. dad. Cape Coast (Ussher fy BlisSharpe 
Coll. 
et imm. sk. sett). 
i'. $ ad. sk. Ashanti. 

Gould Coll. 
h'. 3 ad. sk. Ogowe R. M. A. Bouvier [P.]. 

r. 3 imm. sk. Gaboon (Verreaux). Sharpe Coll. 
CAPEIMtJLGID^. 

11. HYDE0PSA1IS* 
Type. 

Hydropsalis, Wagl Isis} 1832, p. 1222 H. furcifera. 

H. torquata. 
Psalurus, Swains. Class. B. p. 339 (1837) .... 

Range. South America. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Lateral rectrices much longer (about twice as 
long or more) than the central ones. 
a'. Darker; rufous collar on the hind neck... . torqmta, p. 598. 


V. Paler; buff collar on the hind neck furcifera, p. 599. 
b. Lateral rectrices not longer, or only a little 
longer, than central. 
c'. Shortest rectrices white, with broad dark 
tjpS , citmacocercusj p. 600. 
d\ Shortest rectrices blackish near the base .. schomlurgkz, p. 601. 

1. Hydropsalis torquataf. 
Le Tette-Chevre du Bresil, Briss. Orn. ii. j>. 481 (17C0). 

Caprimulgus torquatus, Gm. Syst Nat. ii. p. 1032 (1788); Vieill. 

Nouv. Diet. x. p. 238 (1817). 

Capriinulgus psalurus, Temm. PI Col. 157,158 {1823), 

Hydropsalis psalurus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 59. 

Caprimulgus fissicaudus, Merrem, Ersch § Grub. Enc. xv. p. 148. 

Psalurus macropterus, Swains. Classif B. p; 339 (1837). 

Hydropsalis torquata, Cass. Jour. Ac. Phil. ii. p. 114 (1852) ; Cab. 

& Heme. Mus. Hein. iii. p. 93 (1800); ScL Cat. Am. B. p. 281 
(1862) 5 id. P. Z.S 1866, p. 41; Pelz. Dm. Brm. p. 11 (1807); 
Gray, Hand-l i. p. 58 (1869); ScL $ Salv. Komencl Ai\ Keotr. 

p. 96 (1873). 
Adult male. Upper parts grey, with narrow blackish bars and 
longitudinal black spots ; a light rufous band across the hind neck; 
scapulars strongly marked with blackish and buff; upper wing-
coverts with roundish spots near the tips; first primary deep brown, 
with a narrow whitish border to the basal half of the outer web, 
and sometimes with an obsolete spot to the inner web; second 
primary with a few narrow bufl bars to the basal half, the next 
one with bars across three quarters of the basal part, the following 
ones barred for almost the whole length; outer pair of rectrices 
very long, deep brown with pale buff bars, tipped and largely bordered 
with sandy grey on the inner web and the terminal half of the outer; 
the following tail-feathers deep brown, barred with buff for about 

* The " Engouleient a queue fourchue," Levaill. Ois. d'Afr. pis. 47 & 48; 
Caprimulgusjorjicatus, Vieill. Enc. M<§th. p. 540; Selochusa forjUata, Gray, 
Bp., etc., from South Africa, is no doubt afictitious bird. 
t Ihiyau cola esctrana, Azara, Apimt. no. 315 (1805), and Caprimulgus

enicurus, Vieill. Enc. M&h. p. 543 (1823) (based on Azara), probably refers 

to some Eydropsalis, but I am unable to say to which species. 

Caprimulgus mamirus, Vieill. Kouv. Diet, x. p. 239, and Enc. M&b. p. 540, 

is also a species of this genus, but it is doubtful to which species it belongs. 

There arealso two other Goatsuckers described by Azara in the * Apuntamientos' 
which remain unidentified:—the Ibiyau anonimo, on which Caprim.
sphenurus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. x. p. 243, is based; and the Ibiyau aeamlado. 

11 . HXDEOPSAXIS. 
tbo basal half, tipped with pale sandy grey; central rectrices 
elongated, but only little more than half as long as the lateral ones, 
pale grey in colour, with many narrow irregular and some broader 
<'ind more regular bars of a deep blackish-brown colour; general 
colour of the lower surface buffy white, with brownish and blackish 
spots and bars ; breast very dark, with some rufous-buff spots, chin 
arid throat paler, abdomen and lower tail-coverts almost uniform. 
Total length about 15*5 inches, wing 6'5, lateral rectrices 11 to 13, 
central 6-5 to 7, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Without any greatly elongated tail-feathers; band 
across the hind neck less pure; abdomen and lower tail-coverts 
barred; rectrices entirely barred and without any white. Lateral 
rectrices 5*1 inches, central 4-8, wing 6*3. 

Younger males have the tail-feathers much shorter and the lower 
abdomen more barred. The more spot-like appearance of the pale 
border of the outer web of the first primary is also a sign of immaturity. 
Some specimens are paler, others darker, with the nuchal 
band sometimes darker rufous. 
Bah. Brazil, with the exception of the southern parts. 

%a-h, $ ad. sk. Brazil. Tweeddale Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Brazil. Gould Coll. 
k-p. £ imm. sk.
$• $ ad. sk. 
Brazil. 
Brazil. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
r, s. £ ad. sk. Brazil. Purchased. 
t. $ ad.; u, v.
§ ad, sk. 
w. $ ad. sk. 
Bahia, Brazil (Wucherer). 
Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil(H. II. Smith). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

2. Hydropsalis fnrcifera. 
Ibiyau cola de tixera, Azara, Apunt. no. 309 (1805). 
Caprimulgus furcifer, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. x. p. 242 (1817). 
Hydropsalis fnrcifera, Bp. Consp. i. p. 58 (1850); SclfySah. NbmencL 


p. 96 (1873); JDumford, Ibis, 1877, p. 185 (Buenos Ayres) j Bar-
row8,.Auk, 1884, p. 24 (Entrerios); Berl J.f. 0. 1887, p. 120 
(Paraguay); Scl, § Hudson. Argentine Orn. ii. p. 15, pi. xii. 
(1889). 
Hydropsalis psalums, Burm, Syst. JJeb. ii, p. 381 (1856); id. La


'Plata Beise, ii. p. 450 (1801; Parana). 
Hydropsalis torquata, Lee, Ibis, 1873, p. 134 (Gualeguaychu). 
Hydropsalis azara?, Wagl. Isis, 1832, p. 1222 (Paraguay). 
Hydropsalis pallescens, Beh. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1865, 

p. 986; id. Orn. Bras. p. 11 (1867). 
Adult male. Similar to the male of H. torquata, but paler and 
larger, the nuchal collar buff instead of rufous, the abdomen less 
whitish and rather buff. Total length about 20 inches, wing 7*4, 
lateral rectrices 15, central 7*5. 

Adult female. Similar to the female of H. iorquata, but much 
larger and generally paler ; the band across the neck paler. Wing 
6'8 inches, lateral rectrices 6#8, central 5*7. 

Hah. Prom Matto Grosso and the Western parts of Bolivia 
throughout Southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina. 

600 CAPBIMTJ1GHD-2B. 
a. dad.sk Cordova. G. T. Baker, Es( l-
!_•*-• J 
J. o* ad.; c. $ Gualeguayclin (Lee). Sclater Coll. 
& ? ad", sk. Puntalara, Oct. 18. Dumford Coll. 
e. <J imm.;/. ? Mendoza (Weisshaupt). Salvm-Godman Coil. 
g. Ad. sk. Brazil. ^fes. Johnson [Pf. 
A. $ ad. sk. Brazil. Purchased, 
z. $ ad.sk. Forte do Principe, Brazil, Sclater Coll. 
k. J ad. sk.
Aug. 14 (Natter er). 
Bolivia. Sclater Coll. 

3. Hydropsalis clrmacocercus. 
Hydropsalis 
climacocercus, Tsch. Wiegm. Arch. 1844, Consp. p. 9: 
id. Faun. Per., Orn. p. 128, pi. vi. fig. 1 (1840)j Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 59 (1850); Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 58 (1869). 
Hydropsalis trifurcata, 
Isch. Wiegm. Arch 1844, Camp. p. 9 f descr. 
nulla)• id. Faun. Per., Orn. p. 129, ex Katt. MS. (1846): Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 59 (1850); JScL P. Z. S. 1866, p. 141; ScL 4* #ah> 

P. Z. S. 1866, p. 193 (Lower Ucayali); Pels. Orn. Bras. p. 11 
(1867); Scl 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 583, 978 (Tocantin-; 
Pebas); iid. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 290, 1879, p. 626 (Bolivia); M. 
Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 96 (1873); Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 58 {IbOH); 
Taez. Orn. Perou, i. p. 224 (1884). 
Adult female. Upper parts clear rufous grey vermieulatcd with 
black ; along the top of the head, back, and rump some longitudinal 
black spots, bolder on the crown; scapulars with large central 
triangular black spots, with broad buff edges to the outer webs; 
primaries deep brown, nearly black, with a broad white band across 
the first four, one or two distinct and one indistinct white band 
across the rest; secondaries with white bars to the inner webs ; tail 
deeply furcate, the central pair of rectrices elongated, grey, with 
narrow black bars; outer elongated pair of rectrices with the outer 
webs deep brown, barred with pale smoky brown on the basal part, 
white at the tip• inner webs white, with some short and one very 
long and broad deep blaekish-brown patch and a greyish tip ; the 
rectrices next to the central pair white, broadly tipped with brown 
and washed with this colour near the base of the outer web; chin 
and upper throat whitish; breast buff, barred with dark brown• 
abdomen white, with indications of dark bars; lower tail-coverts 
washed with sandy buff. Total length about 10'3 inches, wing 6*3, 
lateral rectrices 6*9, central 6-6, shortest 4*2, tarsus 0*6, half 
feathered in front. 

Adult female. Different from the male. Above duller and more 
greyish; the bands across the primaries pale rufous, narrower, and 
two or three in number on the first * abdomen barred ; lower tail-
coverts rich buff; rectrices pale brown, barred with dusky, 
measuring only 5*1, 4-9, 3*8 inches in length. 

Hah. Brazil to the eastern parts of Peru and Ecuador. 

a, b. d ad. sk. S. America. 
Gould Coll. 

c. <$ ad. sk. Peru. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Yuyo, Bolivia (C. Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
12 . MA.CKOPSALIS. 601 
e. $ ad. sk.
fa. tfad.; h,i.
1 $ ad. sk. 
Pebas, E. Peru, June G (/.
Haiuxoell), 
Lower Ucayali (Bartlett). 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Sclater Coll. 
k, I 6 $ ad. sk. E. Amazons. Purchased. 
m. d sk.
n. <$ ad. sk.
o. S ad. sk. 
Foite do Principe, Brazil, Aug.
18 {Natterer). 
Bio Guapare*, Brazil, Aug. 5(Natterer). 
K. Tocantins (A. R. Wallace). 
SaUin-Godinan Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

4. Hydropsalis schomTbtirgki. 
? Hydropsalis furcifer, Cab. {nee Yieill.) in Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 710 

(1848). 
Hydropsalis schomburgki, 8cl. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 142 (B. Guiana; ex 
Gray M8.) ; 8cl $ Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotr. p. 96 (1873); 8alvin, 
Ibis, 1885, p. 439 (B. Guiana). 

Adult male. Similar to that of H. climacocercus in the form of the 
tail, but less brilliant in colour, much more blackish above; white 
band across the first primaries less broad, the white colour on the 
lateral rectrices less in extent, shortest rectrices blackish near the 
bases, with dark bars across the central rectrices broader. "Wing 
6*2 inches, lateral rectrices 5*9, central 5*6, shortest 3*6, tarsus 0*6. 

Adult female. Colour of the upper surface similar to that of the 
male; first primaries crossed by an interrupted rufous bar; wing-
coverts with distinct buff terminal spots ; abdomen and lower tail-
coverts entirely barred; rectrices deep blackish brown with pale 
brown bars, without white. Tail shorter than in the male. 

Young males seem to be similar to the female, but the spots on 
the first primaries are white, washed with buff, and the abdomen 
less barred. 

Bab. British Guiana. 

a. <$ ad. sk. British Guiana. Sir E. Schomburgk [C.]. 
(Type of species.) 
b. $ ad.; c. <5 British Guiana. SirR. Schomburgk[C.]. 
jun. sk. 
d, e. cT $ ad. sk. British Guiana. Sclater Coll. 

f. 
9 ad. sk. Camacusa, B. Guiana, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
10 (IT. WMtehj). 
12. 
MACKOPSALIS. 
Type. 
Macropsalis, 8cl P. Z. S. 1866, p. 143 M. forcipata. 
Mange. Tropical South America. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Lateral rectrices lyriform 
lyra, p. 602. 
b. Lateral rectrices straight^ 
a'. Shafts of lateral rectrices white, inner webs 
dark brown segmentata, p. 002. 
b\ 
Shafts of lateral rectrices deep brown, inner 
webs brown, with broad whitish margins . . forcipata, p. 603. 

602 
CAEranjiamffii. 

1. Macropsalis lyra. 
Hydropsalis lyra, Bp. Consp.l p. 59 (1850; Colombia); Cass Jour. 
'Ac. Phil ii. pi. xiv.; id. Cat Capr. PMlad. Mus. p. 11 (18ol): &cl. t 

P. Z. S. 1866, p. 143; Scl § Salr. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 782 (Merida, 
Venezuela); iid. Nomencl Av. Keotr. p. 96 (1875): iid. P, Z. S. 
1879, p. 532; Tacz. Orn. Perou, i. p. 225 (1884). 
Adult male Above and below black with pale rufous brown spots 
and bars, and a rufous band across the hind neck; quills brownish 
black, the outer web of the first primary with a narrow border 
of rufous to the basal half, rest of primaries with small rufous 
spots to the outer webs; lateral rectrices extremely elongated and 
lyriform, which distinguishes this species from all its congeners; 
outer elongated rectrices black with pale brownish tips, the ends 
of the shafts white; inner webs bordered with buff on the basal 
part. Total length about 31 inches, wing 7, lateral rectrices 27, 
central 3*6. " ^ 

Adult female. In coloration quite similar to the male, but a little 
paler on the top of the head and back and with no elongated lateral 
rectrices, these measuring not more than O'G inches and barred with 
light rufous across the outer webs. 

In young birds the pale rufous border to the outer web of the 
first primary reaches to the tip and the outer web has distinct 
spots; in quite young males the lateral rectrices are not yet 
elongated. 

Hob. Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador to Peru. 

Or-h. Ad. sk. Colombia. 
i} h. <$ ad. sk.
I tf ad. sk.
m. $ hum. sk.
(P$). 
Antioquia (T. E. Salmon). 
Ecuador (C Buckley), 
Merida, Venezuela (A. 
Goering). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll 

2. Macropsalis segmentate. 
Hydropsalis 
segmentata, Cass. Proc. Ac. PMl 1849, p. 238; id. 
Jour. Ac. Phil ii. p. 116; Scl Cat. Am. B p. 28 (1862); Gray. 
Eand-l. i. p. 58 (1869); Sal. $ Sab. P. Z. S. 1879, pp. 532, 
626 (Bolivia); iid. Nomencl Av. Keotr. p. 96 (1873): Tacz. Orn. 
PSrou, i. p. 233 (1884). 

Adult male. In general coloration similar to M. 7yra, but without 
the rufous band across the neck, with some narrow shaft-lines on 
the breast, and at once distinguished by the long lateral rectrices, 
these being perfectly straight; the inner webs of the rectrices 
uniform deep blackish brown with small pale tips, the outer webs 
narrow and with some fulvous spots, the shafts white from above. 
Total length about 26 inches, wing 6*5, lateral rectrices 21-5, 
central 4*2. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but the outer rectrices not 
elongated, measuring only 4*9 inches. Distinguished from the 
female of M. lyra by the want of a distinct rufous nuchal band 
and by the distinct and continuous bars on both webs of the outer 
tail-feathers. 

13. iOTCOEsris. 603 
Young. 'Less brilliantly coloured, the abdomen rather pale buff. 

Hob. "Colombia and Ecuador to Peru and Bolivia. 

a ft.cJ2ad.sk. Autioquia, U.S. of Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

' {T.K.Salmon). 
c, d. Ad. sk. Colombia. Purchased. 
e7f. $ ; g. Imm. Bogota. Gould and Sclater 

<$ j h, i. 6 ad. Colls, 

sk. 

h. $ imm.sk. Matos, Ecuador (L. Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
/. $ ad. sk. Near Quito. Gould Coll. 
?>?, J imm. sk. Tilotilo,Prov. Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(C. Buckley). 
3. Macropsalis forcipata *. 
Caprimulgus forcipatus, Nitzsch, Pterylogr. p. 125. 
Caprimulgus megalurus, Licht. NomencL p. 62 (1854). 
Hydropsalis limbatus, Cass. Jour?i. Ac. Phil. ii. p. 115. 
Hydropsalis forcipatus, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii.p. 880 (1856); Scl. Cat. 


Am. B. p. 281 (1862) j id. P. Z. S. 1866; p. 143; Pete. Orn. Bras. 

p. 11 (1867); Cab. J.f. 0. 1874, p. 226 (Kio); Forbes, Ibis, 1881, 
p. 348; Salv. Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 380 (1882). 
Hydropsalis creagra, Bp. Consp. i. p. 58 (1850). 
Adult male. Upper surface brownish black spotted with rufous 
buff; a pale rufous band across the hind neck; first primary deep 
brown, with buff spots on the inner web, the others with bars on 
both webs; outer pair of rectrices extremely elongated, the shafts 
and outer webs uniform brownish black with small whitish tips, 
inner webs of the same colour but broadly buffy white along the 
outer edge; lower parts buff, with some dark brown bars. Total 
length about 30 inches, wing 9, lateral rectrices 24*5, central 2*7. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but the nuchal band less 
distinct, the lower parts more rufous buff; outer rectrices deep 
brown with fulvous bars, and only 7 inches in length. Wing only 
7*7 inches. 

Hal. South-eastern parts of Brazil. 

a} b. $ ad. sk. S. America (Brazil). Gould Coll 

c. Ad st. Brazil. Purchased. 
d9 e, f. (S ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll, 
g. J ad.; h. $ Brazil (Dillwyn). Sclater Coll. 
ad. sk. 
i, k} I. S ad. sk. Sao Paulo, Brazil. 

13. LYNCORNIS. 
Type. 
Lyncornis, Gould, Icon. Av. 1838, pi. iv L. cerviniceps. 

Key to the Sjpecies. 

a. Wing more than 9 inches long. 
a'. Wing more than 11 inches cerviniceps, p. 604. 
* Hydropsalis ypanemes, Pelz. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 18G5, p. 985, 
id. Orn. Bras. p. 11, Scl. P. Z. & I860, p. 143, is probably a female or young 

specimen of M. forcipata. 

CAPEIMULGIDiE. 

b'. Wing less than 11 inches. 

a". Feathers of abdomen with regular bars. 
of". Larger ; top of the head lighter maerotis, p. 605. 
b'". Smaller; top of the head darker mindanemis, p. 605. 

b". Feathers of the abdomen irregularly 
barred macropterus, p. 605. 

b. 
Wing less than 9 inches long;. 
c'. Distinct crescent on the hind neck temmincki, p. 606. 
d'. No distinct crescent on the hind neck jxtpvensis, p. 606. 
1. Lyncornis cerviniceps. 
Lyncornis cerviniceps, 
Gould, Icon. Ac. pt. ii. pi. iv. (1838); Gray, 
Hand-l i. p. 62 (18C9); Jerd. Ibis, 1871, p. 356 ; Blyth, B. Burm. 

p. 82 (1875); Hume, Stray F. ii. pp. 162, 460 (187-4; Tei.a-serim); 
id. op. cit. v. p. 17 (1877; Cachar), "uii. p. 48 (Malay Penin«.): 
Wardl. Mammy, Ibis, 1877, p. 459; Davison. Stray P. v. p. 454 
(1877); Hume # Davison, Stray F. vi. p. 60 (1878); Bingh. Stray 
F. ix. p. 151 (1880) ; Oates, B. Burmah, ii. p. 22 (1SS3); id. ed. 
Hume's Nests § Eggs hid. B. p. 52 (1890) j Hume, Stray F. xL 
p. 40 (1888; Manipur). 
Eurostopodus cerviniceps, Blyth, Cat B. Mas. As. Soc. p. 82 f 1640). 
Lyncornis cerviceps, Bp. Cony. i. p. G2 (1850). 
Lyncornis bourdilloni, Hume, Stray F. iii. p. 302 (1875); id. op. 
cit. iv. p. 382 (1876); Davison, Ibis, 1888, p. 147. 

Adult. Forehead, crown, and nape pale brownish buff, with very 
fine black vermiculations, and large black spots along the middle"; 
elongated ear-tuits black, tipped or bordered with buff; general 
colour of the upper surface chestnut, buff, and black, a rusty collar 
on the hind neck; quills dark chocolate-brown, with many 
interrupted chestnut bars; inner secondaries pale but? with a 
little black only, nearly uniform in older birds, less uniform in 
younger specimens; rectrices black, with buff and rusty mottled 
bars; feathers of the throat and breast dark chocolate-brown, 
tipped with chestnut; a broad band of white across the throat; 
abdomen blackish brown, each feather with one or two bars of 
buff. Total length about 16 inches, wing 11 to 12, tail 8 to 8-5, 
tarsus 0*8. 

Hah. Prom the Kaga Hills, Dibrughur and Cachar to Southern 
Tenasserim, and again in the Travancore Hills. 


a. J ad. sk. Dibrughur, July 29 (J. E. Hume Coll. 
Crijyps). 
b, c. Ad. sk. Cachar. Hume CoH. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Burma. E. Blvth, Esq. [P.". 


/ . $ ad. sk. Karen Hills, Jan. 14 (R. G. Tweeddale Coll. 


W. JR.)g. 
$ ad.sk. Karennee, Jan. 29 (Col. Lloyd). Oates Coll 
h, i $ ad. sk. Foot of Arrakan Hills, Dec. 29. Oates Coll. 
k, I. Ad. sk. Tonghoo (Col. Lloyd). Tweeddale Coll 
m,n. <3; o,p. $ Tonghoo, Jan., Feb. (22. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. W. JR.). 
q, r. 6 ad. sk. Salween District, Dec. 18 (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison), 
s} t, u. <$ ; v»z. Pahpoon, Nov.-Febr. (W. Hume Coll. 
5 ad. sk. Damson). 

13. LYNCOENIS. 
605 

a\ 6 ad. flk. Thatone, Jan. 20 ( W. Bavin Hume Coll. 
son), 
b', c'. <$ ; d'-h\ Pabyin, Mergui, Dec, Jan. Hume Coll. 
J ad. sk (TV. Davison), 
i'-o'. <$\p% <?'• Bankasoon, Feb. (W. Davi- Hume Coll. 
5 ad. sk son), 
r'. d ad.sk Thoungyeen R., Jan. 1 (C. T. Hume Coll. 
Bingham). 

s'-io'. Ad.sk. Poongali and Kossoom, Sept., Hume Coll. 
Oct. (/. Darling). 
x\ 2 S. Travancore, Jan. 15 (Bour- Hume Coll. 

a^' skdillori). 
(Type of L. bourdillom, Hume). 
y\ z'. $ ad. sk Konegur, Travancore, Aug., F. T. Bourdillon, Esq. 
Nov. [C], 

2. Lyncornis macrotis. 
Caprimulgus macrotis, Vig. P. Z. S. 1831, p. 97 (Manila). 
Lyncornis macrotis, Gould, Icon. Av. pt. 2 (1838); Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 62 (1850); Gray, Hand4. i. p. 62 (1869); Tweedd. Trans. ZooL 
Soc.ix. p. 159 (1877;; War dl Ramsay, Ibis, 1886, p. 157 (Manila). 
Adult. Similar to L. cerviniceps, but with the tail and wings 
shorter; top of the head of a totally different pale chocolate-colour, 
so that the rusty collar on the hind neck becomes very perceptible 
by contrast; general aspect darker, the white band across the 
throat more or less distinctly interrupted in the middle. Total 
length about 14#5 inches, wing 10*6 to 11*1, tail 6*8 to 7*4. 

Bab. Luzon, Philippines. 

a. Ad. sk. Manila. Zoological Society. 
(Type of the species.) 
b-f. Ad. sk Manila. 


g. Ad. sk. Philippines. Cuming Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. [Philippines.] Purchased. 
3. Lyncornis mindanensis. (Plate XIII.) 
Lyncornis mindanensis, Tweedd. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 944. 
Adult. Similar to L. macrotis, but smaller and the top of the 
head still darker • general aspect blacker. Total length about 13 
inches, wing 10*3, tail 6*6, tarsus 0*65. 

Hob. S. Mindanao. 

a, b, c, $ ad. sk. Zamboauga, Mindanao, April, Tweeddale Coll. 
May (A. JET, Everett). (Types of the species.) 

4. Lyncornis macropterus, 
Lyncornis macropterus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 62 (1850); Wallace, Ibis, 
1860, p. 141; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 62 (1869); Walden, Tr. Z. 6\ 

viii. pp. 47, 112 (1872). 
Adult. In size about equal to L. mindanensis, but easily distinguished 
from all the foregoing species by the fine vermiculations of 
the feathers of the abdomen, which has quite a different aspect. 
Each feather of the abdomen in L. cerviniceps and the Philippine 
species has only two buff bars, whereas the feathers of the abdomen 

606 
CAPEBItTLG-IDJEJ


in L. macropterus have several smaller buff cross-markings. Total 
length about 13 inches, wing 9-9 to 10-8, tail 6*3 to 6-8, tarsns 0-65. 

Hub. Celebes. 
a. Ad. sk. 
b. Ad.; c. <$ \ d. 
$ ad. sk. 
Celebes. 
Menado, N. Celebes. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 

5. Lyncornis temmincki. 
Lyncornis tenmrinckii, Goidi, Icon. Ac. pt. 2 (1838); Bp. Comp. i. 
p. 62 (1850); Gray, Hand-L i. p. 62 (1869) ; Wald. Ibis, 1872, 
p. 369; Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 115 (1874); Tioeedd. Ibis, 1677, 
p. 298; Hume, Stray F. viii. p. 48 (1879; Malay Peninsula); 
Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, p. 58 (S.E. Sumatra) ; Grabowsky, Omis, 
18S5, p. 157 (S.E. Borneo); Everett, Journ. Straits Branch Asiat 
Soc. 1889. 
Adult. la colour much resembling the species of Lyncornis 
from the Philippines, but easily distinguished by its small size, the 
total length being only about 10*5 inches, the wing 7*0 to 8*3, the 
tail about o'O, the tarsus 0*5. 


Hab. The Malay Peninsula and adjacent islands, Sumatra and 
Borneo. 


a. J ad.sk. 
Batani>- Padang, Perak. L. Wray, Esq. [P.] 
b. d 
; c. $ ad. Ding-ding E., Feb. 28 (W. Hume Coll. 
sk. Davison). 
d-f. 
Ad. sk. Penang, Apiil (Br. Cantor). India Museum [P.] 
Selangore, Jan., April, Sept., Hume Coll. 


g,h. £;«.£ 

Nov. ^ W. Davison). 

ad. sk. 

TQang, Feb. to June (JF. Hume Coll. 

m-l'. Ad. sk. 

Davison). 
m'-p'. Ad. sk. Malacca. 
q', r'. $ ad. sk. Malacca, Aug. (JR. G. W. JR.). Tweeddale Coil. 
s'-xr. Ad. sk. Malacca, Jan., July, Oct. Hume Coll. 
yf. tf ad. sk. ELuroo, Malay Peninsula, Nov. Hume Cull. 
z'. $ ad.sk. Nealys, Malay Peninsula, Oct. Hume Coll. 
a"-d".<S;e"-k". Johore, Jan.-March & Aug. Hume Coll. 

2 ad. sk. 
I", m". Ad. sk. Larapong, S.E. Sumatra (E. C. Tweeddale Coll. 
Biuion). 
n". cS ; o". S Marope, Borneo, Julv (A, H. Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. Everett). 
p". Skeleton. Java. Purchased. 

6. Lyncornis papuensis *. 
Cap: Tijdschr. JDierh. Hi. p. 340 
Japrinnilgus papuensis, Schley. Ned.
(1866; New Guinea, Salwatti) ; Gray,' Hand-L i. p. 58 (1809). 
Lyncornis papuensis, Salvad. Ami. Mus, Civ. Gen. vii. p. 767 (1875) • 
*id. x. p. 311 (1877); id. Orn. Fapuas. i. p. 5U (1880). ' 

Adult. Above deep brown, spotted and vermiculated with rufous, 
top of the head and back slightly shaded with greyish, scapulars 

* Eurostopodus astrolaba, Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. 1ST. S. Wales, vii. p. 20 
(1883), seems to be identical with. Lymomis papuensis, to judge from the 
description. Of. Salvad. Ibis, 1884, p. 354. 
14 . EUKOSTOPUS. 
607 

with rnuch more rufous; upper wing-coverts distinctly spotted with 
rufous ; quills deep brown, inner webs with small rufous spots ; tail 
deep blackish brown, barred with rufous, central pair of rectrices 
similar to the upper parts in colour; a large white patch on the 
throat; upper breast somewhat more distinctly barred; pale spots 
on the abdomen rather rounded and very conspicuous; lower tailcovorts 
pale rufous, barred with deep brown. Total length about 
10 inches, wing 7*8, tail 5-5, tarsus 0*65. 

Hab. New Guinea, Salwatti, 

14. EUKOSTOPUS. 
Type. 
Eurostopodus (corr. Eurostopus), Gould, P. Z. S.1837, 


p. 142 E. albigularis. 
The species belonging to this genus are very similar to true 
Caprimulgus, but easily distinguishable by the absence of rictal 
bristles and by the rather strong feet, while the tarsus is thickly 
covered with feathers. 

The eggs are spotted like those of Caprimulgus, the spots perhaps 
more distinct and darker. 
Range* Australia and Papuasia. 

Key to the Species 

a. Wing more than 9*5 inches in length albigularis, p. 607. 
b. Wing less than 9 inches in length. 
a'. Eirst primary with large white spot .. argus, p. 608. 
b'. First primary without white spot ... . nigripennis, p. 609. 
1. Eurostopus albigularis. 
Caprimulgus guttatus, Vig. 8? JEorsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 192 

(pullus) (1825)*. 

.X&priinulgus albogularis, Vig. 8f Mors/. Tram. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 194 

(adult) (1825); Finsch, Neu-Gumea, p. 162 (1865). 

Caprimulgus mystacalis, Temm. PI. Col. 410 (1826). 

Eurostopodus albigularis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 142; Gray, List 

Spec. Fissirostr. Brit. Mus. p. 11 (1848) ; Gould, B. Austr. ii. 
pi 7 (1848) j id. Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 96 (1865); Gray, Band-L 

i. p. 62 (1869) 5 JRamsay, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 113 (egg); id. ibid. 
p. 581 (N.E. Queensland) j Salvad. Orn. Papuas. i. p. 532 (1880) j 
North, Nests § Eggs Austr. B. pi. xi. fig. 3 (1890). 
Adult. Above dark grey with black vermiculations and spots, 
varied also with rusty rufous spots and markings ; top of the head 
grey, with fine black vermiculations, and long black spots down the 
middle; a more or less distinct rusty rufous semicollar on the hind 
neck; scapulars pale grey, with black vermiculations and large black 
rufous marginal spots; the first two quills mostly uniform black, 
but sometimes with a white spot, the others with rusty rufous spots, 

* This name has constantly been applied to the smaller species, but on 
examining the type in the British Museum, I find that it is a nestling of E. 
albigularis, and not of the smaller form. As the description of this bird is not 
sufficient to recognize the species, I prefer the name C. albigularis, published in 
the same article. 
608 CAPEIMTTLGH)^. 

the third and fourth with a round white spot on the outer web; 
throat blackish brown, with rusty rufous spots and a very large 
white spot on each side; breast black and greyish ; under wing-
coverts, tarsus, abdomen, thighs, and lower tail-coverts rusty, with 
blackish bars ; tail above grey, with black bars and vermieulations; 
tail below blackish brown, with pale rusty cross bars. Total length 
about 13 inches, wing 10, tail 6'2. 

Young. Feathers of the upper parts mottled brown and grey at 
the bases, about the terminal half or more rufous, with a black spot 
in the middle; lower parts buff, irregularly barred with deep brown 
and strongly shaded with rufous. 

Hal. Australia and New Guinea. 

a. Pull. sk. Australia. Linnean Soc. (Type 
of C. gutiatmf Vig. & Horsf.j 
b. Pull. sk. [Australia." Purchased. 
c. Iniin. st. Australia. Purchased. 
d-g. 8 S ad. sk. Australia. Tweeddale Coll. 
h, i. S ad. sk. Brisbane {Cockerell). Salvin-Ciodman Coll. 
k. Ad. sk. Woodv Wallis Island. Eari of Derby (Pr. 
2. Eurostopus argus. 
Fichtel's Goatsucker, Lath. Gen, Ilkt. vii. p. 34-1 
Eurostopodus guttatus, Gould {nee Vig. 8f JECorsf.), P. Z. S. 1887, 

p. 142 ; Gray, List Fisnrostr. p. 11 (1848); Bp. Coaap. i. p. 02 
(18o0) j Cass. Cat. Capr. Mus. PMlad. p. 12 (1851); Gmdd, B. 
Austr. ii. p], 8 (1848); id. Handb. B. Amtr. i. p. 98 (IS05); Grat/, 
Hand-l. i. p. 62 (1809); Ramsay7 Proc. Linn* Soc. X 8. TV. ii. 
p. 128 (1877J; Saluad. Om.Papuas.l p. 531 (1880) ; Xorth, Nests 
$ JSggs Anstr. B. pi. xi. fig. 2 (1890). 
Caprimulgus albogularis, Schley, (nee Vig. 4* Hor&fJ) Xed, Tijd&ehr. 
Dierh iii. p. 340 (1866; Aru). 
Capriuiiilgus argus, Mosenb. Reis naar Zuidoostereil. p. 37 (descr. 
nulla) (1867; Aru). 
Caprimulgus guttatus, TMenem. Fortpfl. yes. Yog. pi. xlii. fig, 21 
(18541: Koeniy-Warth J.f. 0.1868, p. 377 (nidification f. 
Eurostdflis albogularis, Salvad. {jiec Vig. $ JELorsfA Ann, Jim. Cm 
Gfew.x^p.811 (1877). 
Eurostopus guttatus, Saluad. Ami. Mus. Cm. Gen. xli p. 321 (1878); 
JD'Alb.fySalvad. ibid. xiv. p. 55 (1879). 

Adidt. Distinguished from E. alhigularis by its smaller size and its 
uniform rusty lower abdomen and under tail-coverts, smaller under 
wing-coverts and tarsus; first primary with a round white spot on 
the inner web, the following three with increasing white spots on 
both webs; the colour of the upper surface varies much, being 
sometimes very pale grey, sometimes quite rufous, sometimes darker; 
the rusty rufous collar on the neck is sometimes very distinct, 
sometimes rather obsolete. Total length about 12 inches, wing 8*8, 
tail 64. 

Hah. Australia, Aru Islands, and probably New Ireland. 

a. Ad. sk. Australia. Purchased. 
b. Ad.sk. Australia. E.Kishton, Esq. "P.], 
c. d. 8 $ ad. sk. Australia. Tweeddale Coll/ 
15 . CH0KDE1LES. 609 
e. Ad. sk.
/ . Ad. sk.
y. Imm. sk.
h, i. Ad. sk.
Jc. Ad. sk. 
S. Australia. 
Queensland (J. T. Cockerell). 
N.E. Australia. 
Port Albany (Coven). 
Red Wallis Island. 
Capt. Sturt [C.l. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Purchased. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Earl of Derby [P.l. 
I. Ad. sk.
m, n. d $ ad. sk.
o, p. 6 ad. sk, 
N. Australia. 
Derby, N. W. AustraliaBowyer Bower). 
N.W. Australia. 
(T. E. 
Capt. Chambers [P.]. 
Capt. Bowy er Bower 
[P.], 
J. R. Elsey, Esq. [P.]. 

q. $ ad. sk. Shark Bay, W. Australia, May. Dr. Rayner [P.]. 
(?) r. Pull. sk. Topaca, Sew Ireland. Kev. G. Brown [C.]. 
3. Eurostopus nigripennis. 
Eurystopodus nigripennis, Bams. Br. Linn. Soc, N. S. W. vi. p. 843 
(1881) ; ScL Ibis, 1882, p. 465, note. 
Caprimulg-us nobilis, Tristr. Ibis, 1882, p. 134, pi. iii. (Rendova, 
JSolom. I.). 
Eurostopus nigripennis, Salvad. Orn. Bapuas. iii. p. 528 (1882); id. 
Agg. Orn. Bapuas. i. p. 63 (1889) ; Ramsay, Br. Linn. Soc. N. & 

W. vii. p. 19 (1882). 
Adult female (type of E. nobilis). Similar to K albigularis, but of 
the size of K argics, from which it is at once distinguishable by 
the want of the white mark on the first primary and by those of the 
next primaries being much smaller and bordered with a rusty shade ; 
lower abdomen and under tail-coverts barred; smaller under wing-
coverts barred ; scapulars for a great part of the tips deep brownish 
black, with small rufous spots. Total length about 12 inches, wing 
8*8, tail 5*9. (Mus. II. B. Tristram.) 

Bab. Rubiana and Rendova Islands, Solomon Group. 

15. 
CHORDEILES. 
Type. 
Chordeiles, Swains. Faun. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 496 (1831)... C. virginianus. 
Mange. The whole of North and South America. 
Key to the Species. 

A. 
Abdomen uniform white; three outer primaries 
uniform brown, inner primaries with 
large patches of white rupestris, p. G17. 
B. Abdomen not entirely white ; three outer primaries 
with white or buff patches. 
a'. Wing less than 5*5 inches pusttlus, p. G18. 
b'. Wing more than 5*5 inches 
a". Without distinct rufous spots to the pri


maries, anterior to the white patch; 

white patch in male extending over five 

outer quills, sometimes indicated on the [pp. 610-614. 

sixth virginiamis and allies, 
b'\ With distinct rufous markings on quills, 
anterior to the white patch; white 
patch in male extending over four outer [pp. 614-616. 
quiUs, rarely indicated on the fifth ... . acutipennis and allies, 

VOL. xvi. 
2 R 

CA.PRJ3IULGIDJB. 

1. Chordeiles virginianus.* 
Le Tette-chevre de la Yirginie, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 477 (1700). 
Caprimulgus virginianus, Gm. 8. K. ii. p. 1028 (1788); Stepk. Gen. 
Zool x. p. 153 (1817) ; Aud. Orn. Biogr. ii. p. 273, pi. 147 {18:54j; 
Koenig-Wartlx. J.f. 0. 1808, p. 373; Laxor. Proc. U. S. JSat. Mus. 

i. p. 450 (1878). 
Chordeiles virginianus. 
Swains. Faun. Bor.-Amer. ii. p. 498 (1831); 
? Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 33 (1847); Bp. Co/isp. i. p. 63 (1^50); 
Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 80 (1800): Scl. $ Salt: &i*, lbUO, 

p. 275 (Guatemala); Scl. Cat. Am. B. p 279 (lfeU2); Scl. & Sah. 
P. Z. S. 1864. p. 364 (Panama); iid. Kvmenel. Ar. Xeotr. p. 96 
(1873); iid. P. Z. S. 1&79, p. 531; Scl. P. Z. S. 1S«30, p. 133; 
Gray, Hand-l i. p. 61 (1809); Coues, Key X Am. B. p. 181 
(1872); Barrows, Aide, 1884, p. 24; Sfejn. Auk, ISbo, p. 178; 
Turner, Proc. U.S. Mas. viii. p. 242 (lSbo; Labrador); Brewst. 
Aide, 188(5, p. 105; Fox, t. c. p. 319; Cory, B. W. Intl. p. 135 
(1889); Berl. J.f. 0. 18b7, p. 19 (Paraguay); Ilidgic. Man. X 
Am. B. p. 301 (1887); Langdon, Auk, lbS7, p. 130; Richmond, 
Auk, 1888, p. 21 ; Scl $ Hudson, Argentine Orn. ii. p. 13 <lb^9); 
Bverm. Auk, 1889, p. 22; Merrill, Auk, l&sO, p. 250; Feilden, 
Ibis, 1889, p. 486 (Barbados). 

Caprimulgus popetue, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. i. p. 50, pi. xxiv. (J) 
(1807) ; id. JSmiv. Diet x. p. 242 (1M7). 

Chordeiles popetue, Baird, B. X. Am.ip. 151 (1858); Drew/*, Ibis, 
1865, p. 471; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 14 (lb07) ; Baird^ Brae, ty 
Ridqw. iV. Am. B. ii. p. 401 (1*74); Itidgw. U.S. Gent Expl 
40th Par. iii. p. 568 (1877); Merrill,'Proc. U.S. Xaf .31"m, iii. p.6 
(1880); Steams, Proc. U.S. Kat Mm. \l p. 117 (ISSi; Labrador) 
; Agersborg, Auk, 1885, p. 283 (S.E. Dakota); Couesf Auk, 

vi. p. 37 (1888). 
Long-winged Goatsucker, Penn. Arct. Zool ii. p. 337 (1785). 
Caprimulgiis anierieamis, Wils. (nee Bum.) Am. Orn. v. p. 6*5, pi. xL 
Chordeiles ainericauus, De Kay, N. T. Zool ii. p. #4, pi. xxvii. 
vMafo ma?e. Above black with a little metallic greenish gloss, 
the feathers with lateral buff spots, producing a mottled appearance; 
scapulars more greyish towards the bases of the feathers, the spots 
more tinged with rufous; wing-coverts more spotted with pale 
fulvous; some larger longitudinal spots of pale rufous-buff form 
an indistinct nuchal collar; primaries uniform deep brown, the 
first five with a broad band of white across both webs, but often 
not extending to the outer web of the first, this band situated about 
midway between the tip and carpal joint; sometimes an indication 
of the white band on the sixth; secondaries with pale greyish bars 
to the inner webs; rectrices with indistinct pale buff or greyish-
buff bars across both webs, and a subterminal white bar, often not 
extending to the outer web of the lateral tail-feathers, and not 
over the central pair; a lar'ge V-shaped white mark across the 
throat; abdomen barred with buff or whitish buff and brown, the 
brown bars becoming less numerous on the lower abdomen and 
under tail-coverts. Total length about 9 to 9-5 inches, wing 7*0 
to 8*25, tail 4-3 to 4*7. 

* I think there cannot be much doubt that Azara's Ihijau j(a*pe ids* (Apuut. 
no. 313) and Vieillot's Caprimulgus variegatus (Souv. Diet. *x. p, 238, & Enc. 
Meth. p. 539), as well as Merrem's C.jaspidcus, are referable to C, virginianus 
15 . CHOBDEILES. 
Adult female. Similar to the inalo, but having the throat-patch 
buff, not pure white ; the tail-feathers without the white subterminal 
bar; wing-patches generally less in extent; abdomen and lower 
tail-coverts generally more buff. 

Yom%g. Colours less distinct, the underparts more finely and 
profusely mottled and altogether of a more greyish appearance; 
throat-patch less distinct, the white being mottled with dusky. 
Nestling in down. Whitish grey with dusky markings. 

Hah. Northern and Eastern parts of North America, as far north 
as Hudson's Bay, wandering south in winter to tho Bahamas, "West-
Indies, Central America, and over the greater part of South America. 
A specimen from the Bermudas is in the Museum, collected by 
Lieut. Wedderburn; it probably occurs there as a straggler only. 

ft. ($ ad. sk.
b. J ad. sk. 
Hudson's Bay. 
Nova Scotia {Lieut. WedderSir 
G. Back [P.]. 
Jardine Coll. 
c^d. 2 ad.sk.
burn). 
Canada (Col. Shelley). Tweeddale Coll. 

e. <$ ad. sk.
/- c? ad. sk.

ad. sk. 

m. <$; nfo,, $ad. 
sk. 
P> ?• 4 ; r.§ ad. 

sk. 

Sy t, U. 0 J 

v, w. 

2 ad. et imm, 
sk. 
x, y. tf ; z, a'. § 
ad. sk. 
b'. Pull. sk. 

cf. tf ad. sk. 

d\ J ad. sk. 

e'. $ ad.sk.
c? ad. sk.

g'. 2 ad.; A'. Imm. 

sk. < 
i'. $ imm. sk. 
k'. Imm. sk. 

l\ mr. $ J ad. sk.

o. Sternum. 
Port Duflferin, June 6. 

 Fort Simpson. 

British Columbia. 

Vancouver Island. 

Waukegan, Illinois, May (B. 

W. Nelson : Hensh. Coll.). 
Lyons' Falls, New York, June 
to Aug. (A. J. Bay an : 
Hensh. Coll.). 

Washington, D. C. (H. W. 
Henshaw). 


Cobb's Island, Virginia, July 

(II. W. H.). 
North Fork, Ind. Terr., July 17 

(C. II. Merriam: Hensh. 
Coll.). 
Brownsville, Texas, May 4 

(F. B. Armstrong). 
Bermudas (Lieut. Wedderburn). 
Nuevo Leon, Mexico, May 19 
(F. B. Armstrong). 
Panama (J". McLeannan). 
Bogota. 
Antioquia, TJ. S. Colombia (T. 

K. Salmon). 
Araguay, Oct. (J. Natterer). 
N. America. 
N. A. Bound. Coram. 
[p.]. 
B. R. Ross, Esq. 
J. 
K. Lord, Esq. 
[0.]. 
J. 
K. Lord, Esq. 
CO-]-
Salvin-Godman Coll, 

Salvin-Godniau Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Jardine Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sclater Coll, 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 
Purchased. 

Specimens intermediate between Chordeiles virginianus 

and C. henryi. 
a. (S ad. sk. North America (H W. HenSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
shaw). 
2R 2 

612 
CA2BJKTJLQIDM. 

1. $ ad.sk. Waukegan, Illinois, May 15 Salvm-Godman Coll. 
(P. W. Nelson). . ^ 3 
c. $ ad. sk. Milk Kiver, July 25 (Cones). Salvm-Godman Coll. 
d. <S ad. sk. 
Pembina Mts., J uly 16 ((hues). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. tf ; /. J ad. sk. Atotonilco (Huejotzingo), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mexico (Ferrari-Perez), 
g. <J ad. sk. Calovevora, Veragua (ArcS). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Subsp. a. Chordeiles henryi. 
Chordeiles henryi, Cass, llkistr. B. Calif. $ Tex. i. p. 233 (1855); 

p. 37 (1888), 
Caprimulgus henryi, Koenig-Warth. J.f.O. 1868, p; 376. 
Chordeiles popetue, var. henryi, Bair£7 Brew. § liidgic. N. Am.B . 
ii. p. 404 (1874); Merrill, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mm. L p. 140 (1878) • 
£eldmg,tc. p. 427 (1879). 
Chordeiles virginianus henryi, Stejn. Auk, ii. p. 182 (1885); ,4. 0. 

U. Check-list, p. 221 (1886); J5ver?na?m, Auk, in. p. SO (1886); 
Townsend, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mits. x. p. 207 < lbfc7); Itidgw. Man. 
N. A. B. p. 301 (1887); Marsbr. Auk, vi. p^ :W9 {J889). 
Chordeiles popetue henryi, Dreic, Auk, ii. p. 17 (Ifcbo); Bremt. t. c. 
p. 143 (1885). 
Chordeiles sennetti, Coues, Auk, 1888, p. 37 (Dakota to Texas). 
Chordeiles virginianus sennetti, Chapm. Auk7 1888? p. 306. 
, 
Similar to C. virginianus, but much lighter, with a much greater 

predominance of the light, almost cinereous mottlings; lower abdo


men and lower tail-coverts more uniform and often pure white; the 

patch on the primaries generally larger. The female more fulraus 

in colour. Total length about 9*1 to 10 inches, wing 7"0 to 8*4, 

tail 4-3 to 4-8. 

Tyjical specimens from the plains of Texas and Mexico are very 

distinct, but others 
approach the true O. virginianus* In many 

cases it is difficult or even impossible to assign the specimens to any 

particular form, and indeed the intermediate individuals form a 

perfect passage between the subspecies. 

Hob. Tablelands of Mexico and Texas, throughout Western 
United States, east to ISTorthern Illinois. Probably a resident bird 
in the southern parts of its habitat, while northern specimens 
wander southwards into South America. I have seen undoubted 
specimens from Bogota, where the true C. virginianus also occurs* 

a. $ ad.sk. Pembina, Dakota, July 16 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Dr. Coties). 
b. S ad. sk. Dakota, July 30 (V. Bailey). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. 
$ ad.sk. Wyoming Terr., Aug. 8 (V. Salvin-GodmaaColl. 
Bailey).
d> e>f- 6 ad. sk. Fort Bridger, Utah, June (C. Sclater and Salvin-
Drezler). Godman Colls. 
g> 
6 ; fy i $ ad. California. Lord Walsingham 
sk. [pj. 

k. 
<S ad.sk. California, May 20 (B. B. Sal vm-Godman Coll. 
Her ron). 
15 . CHOEDEILES. 
I. Imm. sk. California (Verreaux). Sclator Coll. 
m-q. 
<S ; r-V'$ Colorado Springs, Colorado, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. June (H. W. Henshaio). 

w. d 
: a,'. 2 imui. Portland, Oregon, Aug. 29 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (HensJiato). 
y. $ ad. sk. S. Antonio, Texas, June 10 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H.E. Dresser). 
aw/, c? ; «'. $ ad. Brownsville, Texas, March, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. May (F. B. Armstro?ig). 
/'. S ad. sk. Aransas Bay, Texas, June 2 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Armstrong). 
ff'-r'. J ad.; s'. Corpus Christi, Texas, April, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
<y imm. sk. May (Armstrong). 

P. 6 ad. sk. Laramie Park, Texas, June 7 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(R. B. Hits). 
w'-a". c? ; ^", c". N. Leon, Mexico, May (ArmSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk, strong) . 
d". <$ ad. sk. Matamoras, Mexico, July 24 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(II. E. Dresser). 
e". Imm. sk. Jerez, Zacatecas, Mexico, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Armstrong). 
/". 6-,g",h". $ Southern Pine Ridge, W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

ad. sk. Bistr. Brit. Honduras, April 
(JP. Blancaneaux). 
*". J imm. sk. Chupat, Patagonia (H. M. John Gatcombe, Esq. 
Harrison). rp.]. 

Subsp. fi. Chordeiles chapmani. 

Chordeiles chapmani, Coues, Auk, 1888, p. 37. 
Chordeiles virginianus chapmani, Chapman, Auk, 1888, pp. 272,396; 
Scott, Auk, 1889, pp. 186,252. 

This is merely a rather dark and smaller form of the true C. 
virginianus, with which the coloration agrees. "Wing about half 
an inch shorter than in the true 0. virginianus, measuring 7 to 7*3 
inches, tail about 4. 

Mob, Florida (Southern parts chiefly). 

a. S ad. sk. Miami, Florida, April 24 (22*. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
W. Henshato). 
b~e-6 i f-h. 2 Tarpon Springs, Florida, May, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.5 l Pull. sk. June ( W. & D. Scott). 

Subsp. y. Chordeiles minor. 

Chordeiles minor, Cab. J. f. 0.1856, p. 5 (Cuba) ; Gundl. Ami. Lye. 
Nat. Hist. 1860, p. 262 (Cuba); Sol P. Z. S. 1861, p. 77 (Jamaica) 
j id. Cat. Am. B. p. 279 (1862); id. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 133; 
Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 86 (1860); Gray, Hand4. i. 

p. 61 (1869); Sol. # Sato. Norn. Av. Neotr. p. 96 (1873); Gundl. 
J. f. 0. 1874, p. 117 (Cuba); A. <§• E. Newt. Handb. Jamaica, 
p. 109 (1881) ; Cory, B. Bahamas, p. 106 (1880); id. B. Haiti 8r 
S. Domingo, p. 85 (1885); id. Auk, 1886, p. 340; id. B. W. Ind. 
p. 135 (1889). 
Caprimulgus minor, Koenig- Warth. J. f. O. 1868, p. 375. 
CAPEIMTJLGID^!. 

Chordeiies popetue, var. minor, Baird, Brew. $ Bidgw. h. Am. B. 

ii. p. 400 (1874). , r ... 
Chordeiies popetue minor, Ridgia. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. m. p. 231 
(1881); Marquard, Auk, 1889, p. 183. 
Chordeiies virginianus minor, Stejn. Auk, 1885, p. 182; Ridyio. 
Man. N. A. B. p. 301 (1887). 
Chordeiies gundlachi, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. T. vi. p. 165 (1856; 
Cuba); Brewer, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. vii. p. 306 (I860). 
? Chordeiies popetue, GundL Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. I860, p. 263 
(Cuba); id. J.f. 0.1874, p. 117 (Cuba). 

This is also a form -which, is closely allied to G. virginianus. or 
rather by its small size to 0. chapmani from Florida. It differs 
from the latter merely in the stronger rufous tint, which pervades 
the whole plumage, especially the scapulars, sides of the head and 
neck, lower throat and upper breast, abdomen and under wing-
coverts. In adult males the under tail-coverts are peculiarly 
coloured, being rusty buff crossed by a few dark brown bars and 
some white spots. The wings are as a rule somewhat shorter 
than in G. c7iapma7ii, measuring 6'G to 7 inches in length. 

Hob. "West-Indian Islands : Cuba, San Domingo, Jamaica. 

ar-b. S ad, sk. Jamaica. 

c. J imm.; d. S Spanish Town, Jamaica (W» Salviii-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. T.March), 
e-f. <$ J ad. sk. Jamaica. 

g. <$ ad. sk. La Vega, San Domingo, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
6 (G. B. Gory), 
k $ ad. sk. Cuba. Sckter Coll. 

2. Chordeiies acutipennis. 
Engoulevent acutipenne de la Guvane, Bvff. Hist. Nat Ok. vi. 
p. 547 (1770); Baubent. PI. Bnl. 732 (1783). 
Caprimulgus acutipennis, Bodd. Tail. PL Bnl. p. 46 (1783); Cass, 
Cat. Capr. Mus. Phil p. 11 (1851). 
Chordeiies acutipennis, Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil. v. p. 187 (1850); id. 

U. S. Bxpl Bxp. p. 189 (1858) ; Pels. Orn. Bras. p. 14 (1867); 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 62 (1869) ; Tacz. Grn. B$rouf i. p. 212 (1884). 
Caprimulgus acutus, Gm. Syst. Nat ii. p. 1031 (1788); Vieill Nouv. 
Diet. x. p. 231 (1817) ; id. JBnc. Mith. p. 536 (1823): Steak. Gen. 
Zool x. p. 168 (1817). 

Caprimulgus semitorquatus, Wied, Beitr. 5ii. p. 330 (1830). 

Chordeiies acutus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 63 (1850); Burm. Stmt. Ueb. 

Th. Bras. ii. p. 395 (1856); Tacz. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 327. 
Le Tette-ckevre tachetS du Bre*sil, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 483 (1760) 
Ibijau, Buff. Hist. Nat. vi. p. 539 (1779). 
Caprimulgus brasiliarms, Gm. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 1031 (1788); Steph. 

Gen. Zool x. p. 161 (1817); Wied, Beitr. iii. p. 337 (1830); Koenia-

Warth. J.f. 0.1868, p. 381 (nidif). J J 
Caprimulsus noitibo, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. x. p. 241 (1817). 
Caprimulgus brasiliensis, Vieill Bnc. Mith. p. 542 (1823); Tsch 

Faun. Per., Orn. p. 125, pi. v. (1846). 

Chordeiies brasilianus, 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 63 (1850); Cab. & Heine 
Mus. Hein. iii. p. 86 (1860); Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 279 (1862); Pet 
Orn. Bras. p. 14 (pt.) (1867). 

15 . CHORDEILES. 
GIB 
Caprimulgus labcculatus, Jard. Ann. & Mag. N. II 1840, p. 118. 

Chordeilos labeculatus, Up. Cotisp. i. p. (53 (1850). 

Chordeilos sapiti, Bp. Consp. i. p. 03 (1850; ex Natb. IIS.) • Cab. §• 

Heine, Mas. Hem. ill p. 86 (1860). 

Caprimulgus hirundinaceus, %>Lu, Av. Bras. ii. p. 2, pi. iii.fi<r.1 

(1825). 

Chordeiles pruinosiis, Burm. (nee Tsch.) Syst. TJebers. ii. p. 304 

(1856). 

Caprimulgus stenopterus, Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 14, note (18(58). 

In general appearance similar to pale brown examples of C. vir


(jhuanus. Above blackish brown, the feathers laterally spotted 

with buff, brownish, 
or rufous -brownish, more brownish on the 

top of the head and on the scapulars; primaries deep brown, the 

first four, or sometimes five, crossed by a white bar, all the prima


ries above the white band and the secondaries throughout more or 

less heavily spotted with rufous; rectrices, except the central pair, 

with a distinct subtorminal bar of white; lower parts buff, barred 

with brown; a large white patch across the throat and up to the 

chin, with a more 
or less distinct rufous patch below it; breast 

mottled with greyish. Total length about 8 inches, wing 6-1 to 

6-5, tail 3-8, tarsus 0-55. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but without white subterminal 

bar to the rectrices, spots on the primaries more or less washed 

with xufous or buff. 

Young birds are very pale, with all the markings less developed, 

especially the dark ones, which are small and not so pronounced. 

Hab, South America except the most southern parts. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. I. of Tobago {Kirk). Jardine Coll. (Type 
_ of C. tabeculatuSj Jard.) 
b-e. tf ; f, g. § I. of Tobago (K%rk). Jardine Coll. 
ad. sk. 
7i. d juv. sk. Cartagena, Colombia. Sclater Coll. 


i. $ ad. sk. Caracas, Venezuela (Goering). Sclater Coll. 
h. 
<$ j I, m. $ ad. Aunai, Brit. Guiana, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (H. Whitely). 
n. $ ad. sk. Quonga, Brit. Guiana, Oct. 20 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. Whitely). 
o} pj q. S ^d. sk. Cayenne. 
r, s. <$ ad. sk. Brazil. Salvin-Godman and 
Sclater Colls. 
t, u. 3 ad. sk. Pemambuco (W. A. Forbes). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

v. 
S ad.; w. $ Bahia, Brazil, Salvin-Godman and 
imm. sk. Tweeddale Colls. 
x. $ ad.sk, Barra do Rio Negro (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
y. 
$ ad. sk. Porte do Uio Branco, Dec. 17 Sclater Coll. 
(Natterer). 
z, a'. $ ad. sk. Santa F6, Minas Geraes, BraSclater 
and Salvinzil 
(JRogers). Godman Colls. 
b'. J ad. sk. South America. Purchased. 
c'. Ad. sk. Guayaquil (Jameson). Jardine Coll. 

CAPEIMULGIDJS. 

Subsp. a. Chordeiles pntinosns. 

? Caprimulgus exilis, Less. Rev. Zool. 18397 p. 44 (Chili). 
Caprimulgus pruinosus, Tsch. Wiegm. Arch. 1844, Consp. p. 8 (ex 
Licit. MS.) ; id. Faun. Peru. pi. vi. fig. 2 (1846). 
Chordeiles semitorquatus, TfccA. Faun. Peru. p. 130 (text to plate) 
(1846). 

Chordeiles peruvianus, Peak, Zool U.S. Fxpl. Exp., B. p. 172 (1848); 
Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 175; iid. Nomend. Av. Neotr. p. 96 
(1873) ; Tacz. Orn. Perou, p. 210 (1884). 

Chordeiles acutus, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 545. 

This is a rather pale form found in Peru. It is very sandy grey 
above, with the black markings long and narrow, and is a distinct 
subspecies. I have nevertheless seen examples of the northern form. 


G. texensis which are almost similar in plumage to C. prvinosns. 
Therefore I think that larger material obtained in different localities 
and at different times of the year will show that this is merely a 
subspecies. 
Bab. Western Peru from Lima southwards. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Tambo Valley, Peru, Oct. 26 Sclater Coll 
{II. Whitety). 
b,cS2 ad. sk. Lima (Jelaki). Sclater Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Lima. E. Wilson, Esq. [P.]. 
Subsp. /3. Chordeiles texensis. 

Chordeiles texensis, Laior. Ami. Lye. 2VT. Y. vL p. 167 (18*56; Texas) ; 
Baird, B. N. Am. p. 154, pi. xliv.; Selat. Cat. Am. B. p. 279 
(1862); id. P. Z. & 1866, p. 134; Dresser, Ibis, lk6o, p. 471; 
Gray, JELand-l. i. p. 61 (1869); Salvin, Cat. StriekL Coll p. 375 
(1882); A.O.U. Check-list, p. 221 (1886); Scott9 Auk, 18*0, 

p. 429; Sennett, Auk, 1887, p. 27; Cooper, t. c. p. 92; Itidqw. 
Man. N. A. B. p. 301 (1887) ; Lloyd, Auk, 1888, p. 191; Safmnf 
Ibis, 1889, p. 308 (Cozumel). 
Caprimulgus texensis, Koenig-WariJi. J.f.O. 1868, p. 37£>. 
Chordeiles acutipennis, var. texensis, Baird. Brew. |- Bidgia. K A 

B. ii. p. 406 (1874); Merrill, Proc. TJ.8* Nat. Mm. i. p. 146 
(1878). i 
Chordeiles acutipennis texensis, Midgw. Proe. U.S. Wat Mm iii p 5 
(1880); Belding, op. cit. v. p. 543 (1883; Lower California).* 

This is merely a large Northern form of C. acutipennis, and no 
constant difference can be found, except the large size. This, however, 
varies in true South-American C. acutipennis, and specimens 
approaching C. texensis are not rare. 

Hal. Prom Southern California and Texas to Costa Eica and 
Veragua. 

a, b, $ ; c-e. <J Colton, California, April (F. SalTin-Qodman CoIL 
ad. sk. Stephens). 

f. <$ ad. sk. Txiumfo, Lower California, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
June 17 ( W. Brewster). 
g,k 6 2 ad. sk. Cape St. Lucas (J, Xantus). Salvin-Qodman Coll 


15 . CHORDEILES. 
617 

Gila River, Arizona, Sept. 14 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

{Lt. Wheeler). 
7c} I $ $ acl. sk. Yuma, Arizona, Oct. 5. G. F. Morcom, Esq. 
[P.]. 
m, n. 6 ; o, Hidalgo, Texas, April {F. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
^;. J ad. sk. Armstrong). 
q~v. S i WJ xi Brownsville, April, May {F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
y, § ad. sk. B. A.). 

z. ' J ad. sk. Matamoras, August {II. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Dresser). 
a'~ir. d ; &', Z\ Nuevo Leon, May {F. B.A.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
m'. d ad. sk. Altamira, Tamaulipas, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 

( W. B. Richardson). 
ri, o'. cf 2 ad. sk. Xicotencal, Tamaulipas, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
( W. B. P.). 
y , 
g'. $ ad. sk. Mexicalcingo, Valley of Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Ferrari-Perez). 

r'. c? ad. sk. Ooapa, Valley of Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Ferra?*i-Perez). 
sr. S ad. sk. S. Baltazar, Puebla, July (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Ferrari-Perez). 
t\ u\ <$; v\ $ Sierra de Alamos, Sonora, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

ad. sk. May (W. Lloyd). 
w\ <$ juv. sir. Mazatlan {Lt Murray). Jardine Coll. 
#', «y'. cf 2 ad. sk. Mazatlan, Jan. (A.Forrer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z',a". tf 2 ad. sk. Santana, near Guadalajara Salvin-Godman Coll. 

{W.Lloyd). 
b". 6 ; o'V'-Plains of Colima, Jan. (W, B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson).

$ ad. sk. 

Juchatengo, Oaxaca 
{M. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

A". $ ad. sk. 

Trvjillo). 
i", $ ad. sk. Tehuantepec (W.B. P.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tonala, Chiapas (W. B. P.). 

k". 2 ad. sk- 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Cozumel Island (O, F. Gaumer),

r-y. e ; *"-*3. 
, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

S ad. sk. Euatan Island (G. F. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d\ e\ S ? ad. sk. San Geronimo, Guatemala Salvin-Godman Coll. 

f\ $ ad. sk. 
(0. <&). 

f. cf ad. sk. Realejo, Nicaragua, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(0. &). 
A3, d ad. sk. Veragua (ArcS). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
3. Chordeiles rupestris. 
Caprimulgus rupestris, Spiv, Av. Bras. ii. p. 2, pi. ii. (1823). 
Chordeiles rupestris, Bp. Consp. i. p. 63 (1850); Burm. Syst. Ueb. 
Th. Bras. ii. p. 393 (1856); Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 279 (1862) ; id. 

P. Z. S.1866, p. 134 j Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1806, p. 193 (Lower 
Ucayali) ; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 14 (1867^; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, 
p. 583 (Rio Negro); iid. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 290; iid. Nomencl. Av. 
Neotr. p. 96 (1873); iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 626 (Bolivia); Tacz. 
Orn. PSrou, i. p. 214 (1884). 
Adult male. Above sandy buff, the feathers with vermiculations 
and hastate spots of black, bolder on the head and scapulars; three 
outer primaries uniform deep brown, the fourth also mostly uniform, 

CAPEIMULGIDJE. 

618 

sometimes with a patch of white on the inner web ; inner primaries 
and secondaries with large patches of white in the middle, the last 
secondaries similar to the scapulars ; outer rectrices white, tipped 
and more or less spotted with brown• central rectrices similar in 
colour to the upper parts; lower surface white ; a band of brown and 
buff across the throat; breast spotted with brown; larger under 
wing-coverts white, the smaller ones spotted with brown. Total 
length about 7*9 inches, wing Q-2 to 6*7, tail 3*5 to 3"7, tarsus 0*45. 

Female. Similar to the male. 
Bab. Amazonia and Peru. 


a, b. 5 ad. sk. South America. Sclater & Gould Culls. 

c. d ; d, e. $ Ucayali, Peruvian Amazons, E. Bartlett [C.]. 
ad. sk May, June. 
/. <$;</-$ a(*. sk- Yquitos, June, Aug. Jl. Whitely [C.]. 
*h~k. tf j l-n. J Pebas, E. Peru, July, Feb- Salvin-Godman and 


ad. sk. ruary (J. Haiwivell). Sclater Culls. 

o. Ad. sk. Para. 
Purchased. 
p. Jad.sk. Pernambuco, Brazil (Cra?:en). Sclater Coll. 
4. Chordeiles pnsilhis. 
Chordeiles pusillus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1801, p. 182 ; ScL P. Z. S. 1866, 
p. 185 j Gray, Hand-L i. p. 61 (1869); Scl, c$* Sah. Komencl. AD. 
iVeofr. p. 96(1873). 
Adult male. Above deep brown ; feathers of the crown fringed 
with rufous; a spotted line of buff over the eye * back and rump 
mottled with rufous-brown; scapulars, last secondaries, and upper 
wing-coverts largely spotted with rusty buff; primaries deep brown, 
the four outer ones crossed by a broad band of white in the middle, 
the second with large white tips, shaded with buff; innermost 
secondaries like the scapulars; tail deep brown, mottled with greyish 
and rusty, all except the lateral and central pair tipped with white on 
the inner webs; feathers of the chin, throat, and upper breast deep 
brown, tipped with rusty buff; a pure white band across the throat; 
abdomen white, barred with dark brown ; under tail-coverts white, 
often indistinctly barred; under wing-coverts dark brown, barred 
with white. Total length about 6 inches, wing 4*8 to 5*3, tail 2*8. 

Female. Similar to the male, but the white patches at the tips of 
the rectrices mottled with brown. 
Bab, British Guiana to Brazil. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. S. America. Gould Coll. (Type 
of the species.) 
b, c. c? ; d, e,f. Aunai, Brit. Guiana (II. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Whitely). 
g, h. $ ad. sk. Ceara, N. 'Brazil {W.Jesse). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i. 6; h. $ ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil (Dr. Luschnath). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I. d 
ad. sk. Fazenda, Brazil, July 22 Sclater Coll. 
(Batterer). 
m. $ ad. sk. Corcunda, July 12 {Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
n. 
$ ad. sk. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. 10 (D. W. Smith). 
16 . NYCTIPROGKKTE.—17. PODA.GER. 619 
16. E-YCTIPEOGISTE. 
Type. 
Nyctiprogne, Bp. C. S. O. p. 35 (1854) N. leucopygia. 
Podocha3te3, ScL P. Z. S. 1866, p. 135 N. leucopygia. 

The very small bill with the hidden nostrils is characteristic of 
this form. 
Range. Brazil and Cayenne. 

1. Nyctiprogne leucopygia. 
Caprimulgus leucopygus, Spix, Av. Bras. ii. p. 3, pi. iii. (1823). 
Chordeiles minutus,* Bp. Consp. i. p. 63 (1850; ex Natt. MS.). 
Chordeiles leucopygus, Burm. Syst. TJeb. ii. p. 393 (1856) : Gray, 

Hand-L i. p. 62^1869). 
Lurocalis leucopygus, Cass, Cat. Caprim. (1851). 
Nyctiprogne leucopygia, Bp. C S. 0. p. 35 (1854); ScL § Salv. 

NomencL Av. JVeotr:p. 96 (1873). 
Podocketes leucopygus, ScL P. Z. S. 1866, p. 135. 


Adult. Above deep brown, finely barred with reddish brown ; 
centres of the feathers uniform ; scapulars with light outer edges ; 
primaries deep brown, with pale rufous spots to the edges of the 
outer and inner webs ; central rectrices brown variegated with pale 
rufous, three outer pairs with distinct, fourth pair with indistinct 
white oars, confined to outer web on the outermost pair ; chin and 
throat pale rufous, finely barred with black ; breast and abdomen 
deep brown, with pale bars of a brownish buff, becoming more and. 
more white towards the lower tail-coverts. Total length about 
8 inches, wing 6, tail 4-5, tarsus 0*5. 

Hab. Brazil and Cayenne. 

a. S ad. sk. Matto Grosso, Brazil, Nov. (NaUerer). Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
17. PODAGER. 
Podager, Wagl. Isis, 1832, p. 277 P, nacunda. 
Range. That of the single species. 

1. Po&ager nacunda. 
Nacunda, Azara, Apunt. no. 312 (1805). 
Caprimulgus nacunda, Vieill Nouv. Diet. x. p. 240 (1817; ex Azara); 
Koenig-Warth. J.f.O. 1868, p. 372 (nidihe). 
Caprimulgus campestris, Licht. Verz. JDoubl. p. 59 (1823; San 
Paulo). 
Caprimulgus diurnus, Temm. PL Col. 182 (1823): Wied, Beitr. iii. 

p. 326 (1830). 
Proithera diurnis, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 339 (1837). 
Podager nacunda, Cab. in Schomb. Guiana, iii. p. 711 (1848) ; Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 63 (1850); Burm. J. f. O. 1853, p. 170; id. Si/st. 
TJeb. T7i. Bras. ii. p. 400 (1856) ; id. La-Plata Reise, ii. p. 449 
(1861); Cab. fy Seine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 88 (1860) ; ScL Cat. 

620 
CAPKIMITLGID^. 

Am. B. p. 278 (1862); id. P. Z. S. 1806, p. 132; id. <$• Huds. 
Argentine Orn. ii. p. 12 (1889); Sol. 8t Sah. P* Z. S. 18G6, 

p. i93 (Lower Ucayali), 1867, pp. 583, 978, 1868, p. 142 (Buenos 
Ayres), 1873, p. 290, 1879, p. 626; iid. Xomencl. Av. Keotr. 
p. 95 (1873); Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 15 (1867); Gray, Band-l. B. 
i. p. 61 (1869); Lee, Ibis, 1873, p. 134 (Argentina); Salvin, Cat. 
Strichl. Coll. p. 375 (1882); id. Ibis, 1885, p. 438 (B. Guiana); 
Tacz. Om.Perou, i. p. 208 (1884); Borrows. Auk, 1884, p. 24 
("Lower Uruguay); Berl. J.f 0.1887,jx 1 ^(Paraguay). 
Podager nacauda, Leot. Ois. Trinidad, p. 79 (1866). 

Adult male. Upper parts pale brown, thickly yermiculated and 
spotted with black, with distinct bars upon the tail; all the primaries 
haye the basal part white, the remainder being deep blackish brown 
narrowly edged with whitish at the tips; secondaries pale brown, 
barred and vermiculated with blackish brown; central rectrices 
entirely of the colour of the back, three or four outer pairs broadly 
tipped with white ; lores, malar line, and upper throat rusty brown, 
barred with blackish brown ; chin almost uniform rusty ; lower part 
of throat very dark brown ; breast similar to the upper parts ; a large 
spot on the throat; abdomen and lower tail-coverts white. Total 
length about 11-8 inches, wing 9*9, tail 4*8, tarsus 1. 

Adult female. Wing shorter; basal part of primaries brown, with 
only a broad white band across them ; no white tips to outer reetrices. 
Wing 9-5 inches. 

Younger specimens are narrowly barred on the abdomen and under 
t ail-coy erts. 
Hah. Tropical South America from the island of Tobago and 
Colombia to Patagonia. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. Medina, Plains of River lleta, Salvin-Godniaii Coll. 
Colombia [Wheeler). 

c. $ ad. sk. Bogota (Bowman), Salvin-Godman Coll 
d, e. (S 2 ad. sk. Island of Tobago (Kirk). Jardine Coll. 
f,g. 6 ?ad.sk. Aunai, British Guiana, Feb., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
April (J21 Whitely). 

h. J ad. sk. Pebas, E. Peru (J. Hauxioell). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i. $ ad. sk. Capim River (A. It. Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
7c. $ ad. sk. Bahia (Wucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I. S ad.; m. $ Chapada, Matto Grosso, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
imm. sk. (Mrs. E. H. Smith). 
n,o. <S 2ad.sk. Bolivia. T. Bridges, Esq. [0.1 

p. $ ad. sk. Uruguay, Nov. Alan Peel, Esq. [O.l 
a. Ad. sk. Brazil. Lord Stuart de J 
Rothesay [P.l 
r. 
<J ad. sk. Brazil. Lord Stuart de 
Rothesay [P.l 
s-u. 5 ad. sk. Brazil. 
Purchased. 

v. 
c? ad. sk. Chupat, Patagonia, Aug. 3. H. Burnford, Esq. 
[C.]. 
18 . LUROCALIS. 
621 
18. 
LUROCALIS. 
Type. 
Lurocalis, Cass. Proc. Ac. Philad. v. (1851) p. 189. L. scmitorquatus. 
Tail short, truncate ; tarsus feathered in front. The young birds 
rather peculiarly marked with white. 
Range. South America. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Abdomen barred 
semitorquatus, p. 621. 
b. Abdomen uniform rufous 
rujiventris, p. Q±2. 
1. Lurocalis semitorquatus. 
Petit Engoulevent tachete* de Cayenne, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. ii. 
p. 540 (1779) ; Daubent PL Bnl. p. 734 (1783). 
"White-collared Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. pt. ii. p. 599 (1788). 
Caprimulgus semitorquatus, Gm. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 1031 (1788); 
Vieill. Nouv. Diet. x. p. 241 (1817). 
Podager gouldi, Gray, Gen. B. i. pi. 18 (1849). 
Lurocalis semitorquatus, Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil. v. p. 189 (1851); Scl. 

Cat Am. B. p. 278 (1862); id. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 132; Taylor, 
Ibis, 1864, p. 90 (Trinidad); Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 15 (1867); 
Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 61 (1869); Zayard, Ibis, 1873, p. 390; Scl. $ 
Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 95 (1873); Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 438 

(B. Guiana). 
Chordeiles semitorquatus, Tsch. Faun. Peru. p. 180, pi. vi. (1849) ; 

Burm. Syst Ueb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 397 (1856) j Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. 

Hein. hi. p. 87 (note) (I860). 

Antrostomus semitorquatus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 61 (1850). 

Oaprimulgus nattereri, Temm. PL Col. 107 (1823). 

Podager nattereri, Bp. Consp. i. p. 63 (1850). 

Lurocalis nattereri, Cass. Proc. Ac. Phil. v. p. 590 (1851) ; Scl. Cat. 

Am. B. p. 278 (1862) j Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 15 (1867); Scl. # 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 583 (Para) j iid. NomencL Av. Neotr. 

p. 95 (1873); Salvin, Cat.Strickl. Coll. p. 375 (1882). 
Chordeiles nattereri, Burm. Syst Ueb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 398 (1856). 
Urocolus nattereri, Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hein. hi. p. 87 (1860). 
Adult Deep brownish black above, each feather with lateral 
rufous spots, most of them centred with blackish ; scapulars whitish 
grey at the basal parts; last secondaries with more or less distinct 
whitish-grey bars * quills deep brown, with interrupted rufous bars 
and spots; first primary often uniform ; rectrices similar in colour, 
but most of them with greyish tips and the pair next to the central 
ones often with indistinct white tips; chin, throat, and upper part 
of the breast deep brown, spotted and indistinctly barred with pale 
rufous; a large white spot across kthe throat: lower part of the 
breast regularly barred with dark brown and pale rufous or buff; 
abdomen, lower tail-coverts, and under wing-coverts deep rusty 
rufous, regularly barred with blackish throughout. Total length 
about 9 to 10 inches, wing 8 to 8*5 inches, tail 3*7, tarsus 0-5. 

The female- seems to be similar to the male. 

Young birds are different from the adult; the feathers of the 
lower surface are paler, the breast mottled with whitish; throat


622 
CAPKIMTTLGID-aB. 

spot tinged with buff; quills tipped with, whitish; scapulars and 
inner secondaries lighter; feathers of the upper parts, including the 
upper wing-coverts, whitish finely mottled with dark brown, and 
with deep brown central spots, before the tip of each feather a large 
rufous spot with a black eye at the tip, but with the outermost 
margin white. 

Smaller specimens occur, with the wing only 6*7 to 7 inches in 
length, but they are entirely similar in colour. If these be 
distinct, then the name of L. semitorqiiatus should be restricted to 
the smaller form, the larger birds being L. nattereri. 

There is, however, no sufficient reason to keep them distinct, as the 
size is variable (I measured specimens with the wing 7*2, 7*5, and 
7-8 inches in length); and the small form seems not to be restricted 
to any specified locality, but occurs in Guiana and Cayenne as well 
as in Brazil. 

Hal. British Guiana to Southern Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. S. America. 
Tweecldale CulL 
b. Ad. sk. S. America. 
Sir E. Belcher [IV. 
c. d. Ad. sk Demerara. 
Gould Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Takulu R, Brit. Guiana Sab in-Gotlman Coll. 
(Whitdy). 
f. 
<$ ad.; g. $ Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
imm. sk. June 2 ( Wkitely). 
h. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
II. C. Botiiery [P.]. 
i. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
Sclater Coll. 
k. (S ad. sk. Para (Layard). Tweeddale CoIL 
I. $ ad. sk. Para (Wallace), Sclater Coll. 
m, n. Ad.; Bio de Janeiro. Sclater & Salvino. 
Imm. sk. 
Godman Colls. 
p. J ad. sk. Tpanema, Oct. 20 (batterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q, r. Ad. sk. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
2. Litrocalis rufiventris. 
Lurocalis nattereri, Tacz. {nee Temm.) P. Z. S. 1879, p. 240 (Peru). 
Lurocalis rufiventris, Tacz, Orn. J?erou9 i. p. 200 (lb84): Berl, & 
Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 300. 

Adult female. Similar to L. semhorqitatiis^ but the spots of the 
upper surface somewhat brighter rufous, the rufous spots on the 
breast smaller and more numerous on a darker brown ground; 
abdomen and under wing-coverts entirely uniform bright rufous; 
lower tail-coverts uniform rufous, the longest tail-coverts only with 
a few bars. Total length 10 to 10*5 inches, wing 8*2 to 8*5, tail 
3*4, tarsus 0*5. 

The male is probably not different from the female. 

Young birds, so far as I can make out from the remains of 
immaturity in one skin before me, are entirely different from young 
specimens of L. semitorqatus. The abdomen seems to be paler, but 
is also unbarred; longest under tail-coverts only barred. The 
feathers of the upper surface are white with brown vermiculations 
and large deep black spots before the tip, whereas the young of 

L. semhorquatus have rufous spots with merely a black eye in each 
near the tip. Primaries tipped with whitish. 
19. 
NioTiBius. 623 
(Our descriptions arc from two females fmm Peru and an immature 
bkin from Colombia in the Borlepscli collection.) 

Hah. Colombia to Peru. Seems to Tbo an inhabitant of high 
elevations. 
a. Vix ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 

Subfamily II. NYCTIBIINiE. 

The gomis Nyetibius differs so greatly from tho Caprhmdgincp in 
having the normal number of phalanges in tho outer toes, in tho 
claw of tho middle toe not being pectinated, in the presence of large 
powder-down patches, in the extremely short tarsus and totally 
different feet, and in the peculiarly hooked bill, that its members 
must be regarded as constituting a subfamily, if not a family. 
In most other respects, however, they agree with the Caprimulgidte, 
but little is known about their habits. 

The subfamily consists of one genus only. 
Mange, From Jamaica and Mexico throughout the tropical parts 
of South America. 

19. 
NYCTIBIUS. 
Type. 
Nyetibius, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xvi. p. 6 (1817) N. jamaicensis. 
Nyctornis, Nitzsch, Pterylogr. p. 130 (1840) N. jamaicensis. 

Mange. That of the subfamily. 

Key to the Species, 

a. 
Small, wing less than 7 inches ; general colour 
rufous; flanks and lower tail-coverts with 
large silky white terminal spots bracteatus, p. 023. 
b. Larger, wing more than 7 inches; tail not more 
than 9. 
a'. Tail less than 6 inches leucopterus, p. 624. 
b'. Tail always more than 6 inches jamaicensis, p. 025. 

c. Very large, tail always more than 9 inches. 
c'. Ground-colour rufous above ; top of the head 
deep brown and rufous, without pale 
markings bngicaudatus, p. 626. 

d'. Ground-colour rufous-brown above; top of 
the head blackish with very light cross 
markings mtliereus, p. 627. 

e'. Ground-colour more or less whitish grandis, p. 028. 

1. Nyetibius "bracteatus. 
Nyetibius bracteatus, Gotdd, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 1; Pp. Consp. L 
p. 58 (1850) ; Case. Proc. Ac. Sc. Phil. v. p. 184 (1851); id. Cat. 
Caprtm. Mm. Phil. (1851) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1806, pp. 130, 538,-Scl. $< 
Salvin, JExot. Orn. pi. 20 (1867) j iid. JSomencL Av. Neotr. p. 95 
(1873); Tacz. Dm. Ptrou, i. p. 206 (1884); Salvin, Ibis, 1885, 
p. 438 (B. Guiana). 
Nyetibius rufus, 
Cab. in Schomb, Guiana, p. 711(1848); Scl. P.Z.S. 
i860, pp. 130, 585, 

624: CAPRIMT7LG3MS. 
Adult Bright rufous, speckled and vermicuMed with black, more 
heavily on the top of the head; lower abdomen and lower tail-
coverts lighter and without black vermiculations ; along the upper 
wing and scapulars a series of white spots each surrounded by a 
blackish line; the same kind of spots on the upper abdomen, while 
the lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts are tipped with pure silky 
white ; primaries deep brown, the outer webs pale brown; tail 
bright rufous, irregularly barred with black; under wing-coverts 
dark brown; tail bright rufous, irregularly barred with black. 
Total length about 9 inches, wing 6*3, tail 5. 

Young birds are much paler and covered all over with large pale 
spots, the white spots are less pure. 
Hab. Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Guiana. 

a. Imm. sk. Saray^cu, Ecuador (C. BucMey). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b-e. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (C. Buckley). Salvin-Godman 6c 
Sclater Colls. 

2. ^yctibius leucopterus. 
Caprimulgus leucopterus, Wied, Beitr. iii. p. 311 (1830). 

Nyctibius leucopterus, Des Murs, Icon. Ortu pis. 40, 50; Burm. 
Syst Uebers. ii. p. 377 (185G); Scl. P. Z. S. 1806, p. 130 (>S.E. 
Brazil); ScL § Salvm, NomencL A v. Seotr. p. i)o (1873). 

Chordeiles leucopterus, Bjp. Consp. i. p. 03 (1830). 

Adult (male ?). Above deep brown with a dull-coppery or somewhat 
oily gloss, feathers with black terminal spots, which are very 
bold on the head and hind neck, so that these parts are almost 
black, mottled with wbitisb, somewhat more on the hind neck; 
upper tail-coverts uniform deep brownish black ; wing-coverts deep 
blackish, along the middle of the upper wing a broad white hand 
caused by a series of the middle wing-coverts "being pure white with 
brown tips ; first primary uniform deep brown, the others with pale 
brown spots to the outer webs; secondaries deep brown, some with 
indistinct pale spots ; rectrices deep brown, irregularly banded with 
pale brown, paler from below; lower parts brown, with two 
streaks on the sides of the throat and a series of large terminal 
spots on the breast black; abdomen and lower tail-coverts strongly 
mottled with whitish by reason of many irregular whitish bands, 
most of the feathers with small blackish tips and narrrow blackish 
shaft-lines; under wing-coverts uniform blackish. Total length 
about 11*5 inches, wing 8'5, tail 5-4. "Bill black; iris orange,y 

(Burmeist&r). 

Description from a specimen (probably from Bahia) in the 
Berlepsch collection, the same as referred to by Sclater, P. Z. S. 
1866, p. 130. 

A very distinct species, chiefly recognizable by its short tail. 
Hab. Coast-region of Brazil (Caravellos, Bahia)


19 . NTCTIBITTS. 
625 

3. Nyctibius jamaicensis. 
Wood-Owl, Sloane} Toy. Jamaica, ii. p. 295. 
Lo Guira-querea, Buff. Hist. Nat. Oib. \i. p. 530 (1770). 
Engoulevent gris, ^w/. PiM iV«£. 0/s. vi. p. 548 (1779). 
Oaprimulgus jamaiceiisis et griseus, Gm. 8yd. Nat. ii. p. 1029 (178h); 
8teph. Gen. Zool. x. p. 144 (1817); T7e^. iVowi'. D/W. X. ]). 238 
(1817); Denny, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 38; Koenig-Warth. J. f. 0. 1808, 

p. 388. 
Urutau, Azara, Apunt. no. 308 (1802). 
Oapriinulgus cornutus, VieilL Nouv. Diet. \. p. 245 (1817). 
Nyctibius urutao, Lafr. Mag. de Zool 1837, pi. lxxxii. 
Nyctibius pectoralis, Gould, Icon.Av.'pt. ii. (1838); Bp. Consp. i. 
p. 58 (1850); 8cl. P. Z. S.1860, p. 79; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 278 
(1802) ; E. C. Taxjlor, Ibis, 1864, p. 90 (Trinidad). 
Nyctibius jamaicensis, Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 41, pi. vi, (1847); Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 58 (1850); 8el. P. Z. S. 1801, p. 77 (Jamaica); id. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 278 (1862); id. P. Z. S. I860, p. 129; AlbrecM, 

J. f. 0. 1862, p. 199; March, Pr. Ac. Nat 8ci. Phil. p. 28(3 
(1803); 8ahin, Ibis, 1866, p. 194; id. Ibis, 1885, p. 438 (B. 
Guiana); id. Ibis, 1889, p. 3(>8 (I. Ruatan); Gray, Iland-l. i. 
p. 50 (1869); Fmsck, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 557 (Trinidad) ; Layard, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 389; 8el. $ Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 95 (1873) ; 
iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 531; A. $ R Newt. Handb. Jamaica, p. 108 
(1881) ; Tacz. Orn. Pirou, i. p. 207 (1884); Cory, List B. W. 
Ind. p. 16 (1885) ; id. Auk, iii. p. 338 (1886) ; id. B. W. Ind. 
p. 133 (1889). 
Nvctibius pallidus, Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 49, pi. vii. (var.) (1847); 
"Bp. Consp. i. p. 58 (1850); Cory, Auk, iii. p. 339 (1880); id. B. W. 
Ind. p. 134 (1889). 
Nyctibius cornutus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 58 (1850); Tsclmdi, Faun. Per. 

p. 123 (1855); Burm. 8yst. Ueb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 370 (1856); Pelz. 
Orn. Bras. p. 10 (1867); Tacz. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 240 (Peru). 
Adult. General colour greyish or brownish, heavily marked with 
longitudinal streaks and blotches of deep blackish brown, sometimes 
also with much white; throat more or less whitish with blackish 
shafts; belly and lower tail-coverts similar, but more or less dark 
and marked with distinct black shaft-lines ; feathers of the breast 
with a series of deep brown terminal spots; wings and tail deep 
brown with pale bands, more developed on the tail. 

There are considerable differences in size. As a rule specimens 
from Mexico and Central America are the largest, measuring about 
16 inches in length, wing 12 to 13, tail 9. The specimens from 
Jamaica are nearly as large, the wing measuring 11*5 to 12 inches, 
and they no doubt belong to the same form. Going farther to the 
south, we find that specimens from Colombia are a little smaller, 
but hardly separable. Still more to the south, in Brazil and Guiana 
we find them much smaller again, so that specimens from Brazil 
have the wing only 9*8 to 10*8 inches in length. Unless larger 
series from different localities show that there is no constant difference 
in examples from the same localities, I would propose to 
separate the smaller form subspecifically. 

VOL. xvi. 2 s 

CAPKIMTJLG-IDJE. 

Hab. Erom Centra] and {Southern Mexico throughout the tropical 
parts of South America. 

a. 
Larger form (Northern specimens). 
Jamaica. P. Gosse, Etq. [CV. 
a. Ad. sk. 
Jamaica. Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. 
c. d. Ad. sk. Jamaica? Aug., Dec. (Osburn). Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Gudman Coll. 

e. J ad. sk. Presidio de Mazatlan, March 15 
(A. Form-). 
Salvin-Godtuan Coll. 

/. Ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (C. T. Hoge). 

Salvin-Godman Cull. 

y. 
Ad. sk. La Antigua, Vera Cruz (M. 
Trujillu). 
Salvin-Goduian Cull. 

h. Ad. sk. Teapa, Feb. (Mrs. H. H. 
Smith). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i. Ad. sk. Tehuantepec (F. Sumichrast). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

k. Ad. bk. Near City of Guatemala ( 0. &.). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

/, m. Ad. sk. Ruatau Island, Bay of Hon


duras (G. F. Gaumer). 

n. S ad. sk. 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Volcan de Chiriqui (E. Arce). 

o} p. Ad. sk. 
TT 8. T. K. Salmon, Esq. 

U.
Concordia, Antioquia. ° 

[C.]. 

Colombia. 

h. Smaller form (Southern and Eastern specimens). 
q. Ad. sk. Andes of Quito, Ecuador Sclater Coll. 
(Fraser). 
r. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
s, t. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (C. Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Buckley), 

v. $ ad. sk. Yquitos, Upper Amazons, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{H. Whitely). 
v. c? ad. sk. Roraima, British Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. 27 (#. Whitely). 
zf.Ad.sk. Bartica Grove (H. Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
X-. Ad. sk. Cayenne. H. C. Botherv, Esq. 

m PI " 

;/. $ ad. sk. Maranham, June 15 (E. L. 

Layard). 
Tweeddale Coll. 

s. Ad. sk. Pernanibuco, Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Bahia. Purchased. 
b', cr, d'. Ad. bk. Bahia (Br. Wucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. Skeleton. Jamaica. 
Gosse Cull. 
4. Nyetibius longican&atus. 
Capriniulgufc longicaudatus, Spix, Av. Brasil. ii. p. 1, pi. i. (1825) 
(R. Japura). 
Nyctibius longicaudatus, Tsck Faun. Peru. pp. 20,124 (1846) (Prov. 
'Maynas) ; Cass. Pr. Ac. Phil. v. p. 184 (1851); id. Cat. Caprim. 
Mus. Phil. (1851); Bvrm. Syst. Ueb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 376 (1856; 
jiote); ScL P. Z. S. 1866, pp. 128,145; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 10 (1867) \ 
Gray, Eand-l. i. p. 55 (1869); ScL «$• Salv. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 290 

(E. Peru); iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 95 (1873); Tacz. Orn. Per. 
i. p. 205 (1884); SaZvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 437 (B. Guiana). 
Adult. Upper surface dark rufous-brown, with narrow shaft-lines 

19 . KYCTIB1TTS. 627 
and bars of blackish.; top of the head somewhat blackish ; upper 
tail-coverts with broad bars ; bend of wing and smaller upper wing-
coverts almost blackish, the latter crossed by a broad rufous-buff 
stripe; larger wing-coverts with longitudinal rufous-buff marks ; 
wing and tail-feathers dark rufous, with broad deep brown bars; 
under wing-coverts deep brown, with pale rufous bars; lower surface 
a little lighter than the upper parts, more or less uniform towards 
the lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts ; lower breast with some 
blackish terminal spots, forming a kind of irregular broken band. 
Total length about 18 inches, wing 12, tail 10*8. 

A female from Guiana is much smaller and measures only about 
16 inches in length, wing 11, tail 9-5. Erom the small material 
before me I am unable to say whether this is a sexual difference or 
whether the specimens from Guiana form a smaller race. There is 
no difference in colour. 

Ilab. Upper Amazons, Ecuador, Peru, and Guiana. 

a. Ad. sk.
/;, c. Ad. sk.
d. J ad. sk. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana, 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Dec. 7 (BC. Whitely). 

5. BTyctibius sethereus. 
(Japrimulgus sethereus, Wied, Beitr. iii. p. 303 (1830); Thienem. 
Fortpfl. yes. Vdcj. pi. xlii. fig. 20 (1854); Koeniy-Warth. J. f. 0. 
1868, p. 371 (nidific). 

Nyetibius sethereus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 58 (1850); Cass. Br. Ac. Phil. 

v. p. 184 (1851); id. Cat. Caprim. Mus. Phil. (1851); id. U. S. Bxpl 
.Erp,p. 190, Orn. Atl pi. xiv. (1858); Burm. Syst. TJeb. Th. Bras. 
ii. p. 375 (1856); Cab. Sr Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 94 (1860) ; Bel. 
P. Z. S. I860, p. 128; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 10 (1867); Gray, 
Handrl. i. p. 55 (1869); Scl. $ Sah. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 95 
(1873); Cab. J.f.O. 1874, p. 226 (Rio); Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. 
p. 374 (1882). 
Adult. Upper surface rufous-brown, with narrow deep brown 
longitudinal shaft-stripes and vermiculations ; top of the head deep 
brown, with pale almost whitish markings; upper tail-coverts and 
tail with broad bars; quills dark brown with irregular paler bars ; 
wing-coverts spotted with white ; lower surface dark greyish brown 
with deep brown shaft-lines, blackish terminal and very pale subterminal 
spots on, the breast, rufous on the flanks, paler, and almost 
whitish towards the lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts ; under 
wing-coverts blackish, with whitish bars. Total length about 20 
inches, wing 12-5 to 13*3, tail 12. 

This species is distinguished from N. longicaudatus by the less 
rufous colour, especially on. the under surface ; the blackish spots 
on the breast are more numerous ; the top of the head, which is 
deep brown and rufous in JV. longicaudatus, is blackish with very 
pale buff bar-like spots. The size a little larger. 

Hab. Brazil. 

2s2 

62 8 CAPKIMTJLGIDiE. 
a-d. Ad. sk. & America. Skarpe & Tweeddale 
Oolls. 
e. Ad. sk. S. America. Purchased. 
/Iff. Ad.sk.
^? y 
Brazil. Sclater & SalvinGodman 
Colls. 

6. Nyctibius grandis. 
Le grand Tette-chevre tackete du Bresil, Briss. Orn. ii. p. 485 

(1760). 
Grand Ibijau, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 541 (1779). 
Grand Crapaud-volant de Cayenne, Bauhent. PL JSnL 825 (1783). 
Grand Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. JSyn. iv. p. 590. 
Oaprimulgus grandis, Gm. Syst. Fat. i. p. 1029 (1788); Wied, 

Beitr. iii. p. 295 (1830); Koenig-Warth, J.f. 0. 1868, p. 372 
(nidrfic). 
Nyctibius grandis, Vieill. Nouv. Diet xyi. p. 7 (1825); Jard.fySelby, 

*Ill. Orn. pi. 89 (about 1829); Cab. in ScJwmb. Guiana, iii. p. 711 
(1848); Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 46, pi. xvi. (1849); Bp. Consp. i. p. 58 
(1850); Burin. Syst. Ueb. Th. Bras. ii. p. 374 (1856) ; Cab. $ 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 94 (I860); Later. Ann. Lyc. New York 

vii. p. 290 (lfc62 ; New Granada); Scl. P. Z. & I-6G, pp. 12*, 145 ; 
Scl.$ Salv.P.Z.ti. 1866, p. 193 (Ueayaii); iid. IS amend. Av. 
Neoir. p. 95 (1873); iid. P. Z. & lb73, p. 290 ; Pth. Orn. Bras. 
p. 10 (1867); Gray, Hand-!, i. p. 55 (1869); Tacz. Orn. PSrou, 
i. p. 204 (1884); Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 437 (B. Guiana). 
Adult, Ground-colour of the upper parts white or greyish white, 
finely streaked and vermiculated with blackish brown, more or less 
overspread with rufous on the mantle; primaries deep brown, 
indistinctly barred with pale brown on the inner webs; outer web 
of first primary uniform, outer webs of remaining primaries barred 
with ashy white or whitish brown ; lower surface white or whitish, 
barred and spotted with deep brown; under wing-coverts deep 
brown barred with whitish ; rectrices deep brown, with interrupted 
whitish bars. Total length about 19 inches, wing 14 to 14*6, 
tail 10. 

Hah. Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guiana. 

a. <$i b. 2 ad. sk. 
S. America. Purchased. 
c. <$ ad. sk. San Cristobal, Venezuela (A. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Goering). 
d. o* ad. sk. Camacusa, Brit. Guiana, Apr. 9 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. Whiteiy). 
e,f. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Sclater & Tweeddale 
Colls. 
gy k Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (C. Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley), 

i. S 
ad.sk. UpperUcayali, Peruv. Amazons, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
June 14 (K Bartlett). 
P0DARGID2E. 
629 

Family PODARGIDiE. 

(By EENST HAETEET.) 

The Podargidcp resemble the Gaprimulgidce, and especially the 

Nyctibiince, in their general appearance, but they differ entirely in 

the structure of the palate, which is desmognathous, in the absence 

of the oil-gland and of the basipterygoid processes, and also in the 

manner of their nidiflcation. The typical forms have a very broad 

and flat bill. The number of rectrices is always ten. The middle 

toe is not pectinated, the number of phalanges in the outer toe is 

not reduced. The sternum has two pairs of posterior notches. 

In their habits they are nocturnal, and their food consists of 

insects. They build a nest of twigs, or lay their eggs, which are 

white as a rule, in hollow trees. 

The young, when hatched, are helpless, but thickly covered with 

down in the genera Podargus and Batrachostomus, while those of 

JZgotheles seem to be unknown. 

Range. Prom the Eastern Himalayas throughout the hill-tracts 

south of the Brahmaputra, Burmah, the Malay Peninsula, Malay 

Archipelago, Southern Philippines, throughout Papuasia and Aus


tralia to Tasmania. 

Synopsis of tJie Subfamilies, 

A. 
Nostrils a narrow slit near the base of 
the bill, protected by a membrane and 
hidden by plumes an# feathers; large 
powder-down patches on each side of the 
rump; tarsus shorter than middle toe ; 
fourth and fifth or fifth and sixth primaries [p« 629. 
longest I. PODARG1N2E, 
B. 
Nostrils situated near the tip of the bill, 
obvious and open; bunches of elongated 
erect loral bristles with long lateral filaments 
; no distinct powder-down patches; 
tarsus longer than middle toe; third and [p. 645. 
fourth quills longest II. JSGOTHELINJE, 
Subfamily I. PODARGINJE. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Eectrices pointed, the central pair much 
longer than the adjoining pair 1. PODABGTJS, p. 630. 
b. Eectrices rounded at the tips, central pair [p. 636. 
a trifle longer than the adjoining pair.. 2. BATRACHOSTOMUS, 
630 
PODABGID-ffi. 

1. PODARGUS. 
3^ ^ 
Podargus,* Vieill N. Diet, xxvii. p. 151 (1819; ex 
" Podarse " teV, i%rc^ ^Lwm. torn, iv, p. 175, s 
pi. iv. fig. 1, 1817) P. stngoides. 

The birds belonging to this genus, like those of the genus Baimchostomus, 
have a large powder-down patch on each side of the 
rump. The remiges are twenty-two in number, ten primaries (of 
which three are on the metacarpus) and twelve secondaries. They 
build a flat nest constructed of dry sticks on the fork of a branch, 
and lay two white eggs. 

The young are covered with white down. 

All the species are extremely variable in coloration and size. 
Several authors have described a number of varieties as different 
species. The study of a large material has led me to distinguibh 
only four species and one subspecies. 

Range. Papuasia, Australia, and Tasmania. 

Key to the Species. 

A. Tail distinctly more than 10 inches in length .. papttenw, p. 030, 
B. Tail distinctly less than 10 inches. 
a. Wing more than 9 inches* in length bt riff(rides, p. C4I. 
b. 
Wing less than 9 inches in length. 
a'. Larger, wing about 8 inches in length ... . pktrftmtndes, p. 634. 
b'. Smaller, wing about 7 to 7*5 inches in length, ocellatm and marfjnoratus, 
pp. 034, 033. 

1. Podargus papuensis. 
Podargus 
papuen&is, Quoy et Gaim. Toy, Astrolabe, Ou. pi. xiiL 
(1830); Bp. Consp. i. p. 57 (1850); Gould, B. Amin SuppL 
pi. vii. (1855) ; id. Sandb. B. Austr. I p. 91 (lb&>); Gray, 
Hand-L i. p. 54 (1869); Ramsay, P. Z. S. IbTZ, p. 580 (X.E. 
Queensland); id. Tab. List Austr* B, p."2 (1*88) j Sahad. Orn. 
Papuas. i. p. 513 (1880) ; A. B. Meyer, Zeitsckr. yes. Orn. 1HM7 

p. 278 j Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, ZooL xiii. p. 493 (18715); Forbes, 
P. Z. S. 1878, p. 121 (Cape York, N. Australia); Trhir. Ms. 
1889, p. 556. 
Podargus plumiferus, Gould, P. Z. S. 184-3, p. 104; id. B. Amir. ii. 
pi. vi. (1848); id. BLandb. B. Amir. i. p. 93 (1865); Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 57 (I860); Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 2 (1888). 
Adult male. Above brownish, grey, finely mottled with dark 
brown and grey, most of the feathers with more or less distinct 
black shaft-lines, generally broader on the scapulars; small white 
or whitish spots on the head and neck, with larger ones on the 
upper wing-coverts : near the rather uniform shoulder is a more or 
less distinct whitish stripe; a distinct but narrow whitish, superciliary 
stripe; primaries deep brown or blackish, barred with pale buff 
or pale rufous ; rectrices brown banded with gre) ish, mottled with 
brown and blackish; lower parts lighter, ornamented with large 
white spots, most of the feathers having two spots of white and 

1 . PODA-RGTJS. 
031 
a narrow blackish shaft-line; lower wing-covcrts buffy whitish, 

spotted with brown near the bend of the wing. Total length about 

21 inches, wing 11 to 12, central rectrices about 12, lateral ones 

nearly 5 inches shorter, tarsus 1-2, width of gape about 2-5 or even 

wider. 

Adult female. The ground-colour above rusty rufous; scapulars 

partly uniform rufous on the outer webs; lower surface strongly 

shaded with rufous. Perhaps a trifle smaller than the male on 

the average. 

Nestlings aro covered with whitish down. The characters of the 

rufous and of the brown plumage are already visible in the first 

plumage after the downy stage. 

The Museum possesses few properly sexed specimens, but Salva


clori may be right in considering that the rufous specimens aro 

females. 

Hab. Papuasia and N.E. Australia, as far south as Rockingham 

Bay. 

I)r. E. P. Ramsay considers P. plwmiferus to be a distinct 

species, but I cannot distinguish it from P. papuensis; and if I am 

correct, the range of the latter species must be extended to the 

Richmond River district and to New South Wales. 

a. $ ad. sk. Port Moresby, April 27 (JDr. Tweeddale Coll. 
0. Finsch). 
b. Ad. sk. Port Moresby, S.E, N. Guinea. K. Broadbent [C.]. 
c. Ad. sk. Salwatti. 
Wallace Coll. 
d. e. <$ ad. sk. Oape York, N. Australia. Capt. Owen Stanley 
LP.]/, 
g. $ ad. sk. Cape York. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

h. $ ad. sk. Cape York. 
Voy. II.M.S. < Challenger.' 
Cape York. Gould Coll. 

m-r. Ad. et imm. Cape York (J. T. Cockerell). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
s-v. Ad. et imm. Somerset, Cape York (Cocke-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. ' rell). 
to, x. Ad. sk. Port Albany. Mr. Coxen [0.]. 

y. $ ad. sk. [Adelaide, S. Australia.] Adelaide Museum. 
2. Podargus strigoides *. 
Strigoid Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. ii. p. 262 (1801). 
Caprimulgus strigoides, Lath. Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. lviii (1801) ; Steph. 
Gen. Zool. x. p. US (1817); Vieill. Nouv. Diet. x. p. 232 (1817). 

Podargus 
strigoides, Gould, Handb. B. Austral, i. p. 84 (1865); 
Ramsay, Ibis, 1806, p. 326 ; id. Tab. List Austr. B. p. 2 (1888); 
Gray, Eand-l i. p. 53 (1869); North, Nests 8f Eggs Austral. B. 
pi. vi. fig. 3 (egg) (1890). 

# The many names given above belong, in my opinion, to Podargus strigoides, 
but it is doubtful to which species of Podargus the " Wedge-tailed Goatsucker" 
and the u Cold-River Goatsucker" of Lath. Gen. Hist. 6. vii. pp. 368, 
369, are referable. 

Latham's " Berbice Goatsucker " (Gen. Hist. B. vii. p. 359) is quite a mystery 
to me. 

632 PODABGID.M. 

Great-headed Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Syn. SuppL ii. p. 263 (1801). 
Caprimulgub megacephahis, Lath. Ind. Orn. SuppL p. lvin (1801). 
Podargm, megaceplialus, Gould, B. Austr. i. Intr. p. xxviii (1848); 

id. Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 89 (1865;; Gray, Hand-L i. p. 54 

(1809) ; Pete. Ibis, 1873. p. 107. 
Gracile Goatsucker, Lath, Gen. Syn. SuppL ii. p. 203 (1801). 
Oaprimulgus gracilis, Lath. Lid. Orn. SuppL p. lviii (1801); Steph. 

Gen. ZooL x. p. 145 (1817); Tieill. Xouv. Bid. x. p. 241 (1817). 
Podaraus einereus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet, xxvii. p. 151 (1319); id. 

Gal. Ois. p. 196, pi. 123 (1825); Gray, Gen. B. p. 45 (1*49). 
Podarffus australis, Steph. Gen. Zool xiii. pt. 2, p. 92%1S26). 
Podaiguscuvieri, Tig. b Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 200 (1827); 

Bp. Con^p. i. p. 57 (1850); Gould, B. Austr. ii. pi. 4 (184b) ; id. 
Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 87 (1865) ; Gray, Hand-L i. p. 54 (1S09); 
Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 2 (188SJ ; Xortk, Xests £ Eggs 
Austr. B. pi. vi.fig.4 (egg) (1890). 

Podargus stanlevanus, Tig. $ Ilorsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 199 
(1827); Bp. Consp. i. p.'57 (1850). 

Podarffus humeralis, Tig. § Ilorsf. Trails. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 198 
(1827) ; Jard. § Selby, Ml. Orn. pi.fc8 (1839) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 57 
(1850); Feb. Reise Xovara, Tog. p. 34 (18G5); Gould, B. Austr, 

ii. pi. 3 (1848). 
Caprimulgus liurneralis, Koenig-Warih. J.f O. 1^68, p. 383 (nidification). 
Podargus gouldi, Masters, Pr. Linn. Soc. X. >S'. Wales, i. p. 45 (1876) 
(Gulf of Carpentaria); Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 2 (188S). 

Adult. Above grey, ver mi dilated and shaded with brown, most 
of the top of the head and neck, and back and rump tipped with 
tiny white spots, and larger spots of whitish mottled with greyish 
and brownish here and there, especially large and conspicuous on 
the wing-coverts* all the feathers of the upper surface with broad 
black shaft-stripes ; outer webs of the scapulars whitish, verrnlculated 
with tawny; a great deal of tawny colour on the shoulders 
and wings ; primaries dusky blackish, the outer webs with tawny 
and whitish spots, the inner webs with irregular bands of pale buff; 
secondaries similarly banded on both webs: reetrices irregularly 
banded with brown, grey, and black, with tiny whitibh tips and subterminal 
spots of black; lower parts whitish grey shading into 
tawny, all the feathers with narrow shaft-lines of black; some 
broader black stripes on the throat and breast, and some tiny whitish 
ones to the feathers of the abdomen and sides of the body; shafts 
of all the feathers of the lower surface white at base ; part of webs 
near the white shafts pale grey, more conspicuously seen from below; 
wings and tail much paler from below. Total length about 18 
to 19 inches, wing 10 to 11, tail 9, lateral reetrices about 1*2 
shorter, tarsus 1#5, length of the bill from gape to tip 2-0, width 
of month at gape 2 3. 

The female seems to be similar to the male in colour, but the few 
specimens examined by me are not conclusive. 

The description is that of a typical large specimen in the 
ordinary coloration. The species, however, varies considerably in 
colour, many specimens being much lighter, others much darker, 

1 . PODABG-TTS. 
633 
others, again, more rufous. The variations in size are still greater. 
The smaller specimens have been distinguished under the name of 
Podargus cuvieri. The measurements of the smallest specimens 
ar e :—Wing 9*3 to 9*8 inches, tail 7*3 to 7*8, tarsus 1*3, bill from 
gape to tip 2-5, width of gape 2. 

Many intermediate specimens, however, form a complete link 
from the large to the small form, and the smaller form seems not 
to be confined to the southern parts of Australia, nor the larger 
form to the northern parts. These slight differences might in 
other families of birds be reckoned as specific characters, but they 
seem to be of little value in the genus Podargus, I therefore come 
to the conclusion that all these varieties belong to one species. It 
must be left to Australian field-ornithologists to study all these 
forms carefully. Should further investigations prove that I am 
wrong in uniting them, I still maintain that the smaller form is 
merely a subspecies, and at present I do not even admit that it is 
worthy of this recognition. 

Hob. The greater part of Australia, and Tasmania. 

a. Ad. sk. Australia. Linnean Society. 
(Type of P. humeralis) 
b. Ad. sk. Australia. Linnean Society. 
(Type of P. Stanley anus.) 
c. Ad. (albino) sk. Australia. "Gould Coll. " 
d, e. Ad. sk. Australia. Gould Coll. 
f. Ad. sk. Australia. Purchased. 
(jy h, i. Ad. sk. Australia. Tweeddale Coll. 
k. Ad. sk. Australia. R. Buller, Esq. [P.]. 
1 Ad. sk. Australia. Zoological Society. 
m. Ad. sk. Australia. 
Sir D. Cooper [P.]. 
n. Pull. st. Australia. 
Purchased. 
o. 
$ ad. sk. Tasmania. Linnean Society. 
(Type of P. cuvieri.) 
p. 
Ad. sk. Tasmania. Ronald Ghura, Esq. 
LP.].. 
q- 6 
* r, s. $ ad. Tasmania. Antarctic Exped. 
sk. 

t. Ad. sk. New South Wales. 
Hume Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Clarence River. 
Gould Coll. 
v, w, x. <$ ad.; y,Queensland (J. T. Cockerell). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z, a'. Ad. sk. 

V. Ad. sk. Queensland. Tweeddale Coll. 
c'. Ad. sk. Roekingharn Bay, June 3. Capt. Owen Stanley 
d'. Ad. sk. Cleveland Bay. Gould Coll. 
e'. J ad. sk. Somerset, Cape York, (Coche-• Tweeddale Coll. 

rellfy Thorpe). 
/', g'. $ ad. sk. Cape Upstart, Dec. J. B. Jukes, Esq. 

[p.i 
ti. $ ad. sk. N.W. Australia (T. H. Boivyer Capt. Bowyer Bower 
Bower). [p.i. 
%'. Ad. sk. Swan River. 

Purchased. 

634 
PODARGIDJi:. 

3. Podargus phalaenoides *. 
Podargus phalsenoides, Gould, P. Z. S. 1845, p. 142; Bp. Consj). i. 
p. 57 (1850); Goidd, B. Austral ii. pi. v. (1848) ; id. Handb. B. 
Austral i. p. 90 (1865) ; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 54 (1869); Ramsay, 
P. Z. S. 1875, p. 581 (Queensland) ; Biggies, B. Austral pi. IS 
(1877). 
Adidt female. Upper surface dark rusty red, with narrow black 
shaft-lines and tiny white tips to many of the feathers, freckled with 
a little white here and there, more frequently on the scapulars, and 
with larger whitish markings to the upper wing-coverts ; primaries 
deep brown, spotted with rufous and whitish on the outer webs, 
irregularly barred and freckled on the inner webs ; rectiices 
distinctly or obsoletely barred with whitish bands, vermiculated 
with black; lower parts greyish, white, pervaded with a rufous 
tinge and with deep brown shaft-lines and brown vermiculations ; 
abdomen sometimes uniform whitish with a few brown shaft-lines. 
Total length about 14*5 inches, wing 7*9 to S*5, tail 7, tarsus 1*1, 
middle toe (without claw) 1*1 to 1*45, bill from angle of mouth 
2 to 2-2. 

Other specimens are more greyish, without a decidedly rufous 
tiat, the lower surface light grey with whitish spots above and 
below, larger and more distinct. These are probably males. 

This species is easily distinguished from P. strigoides by its beautiful 
delicate coloration and smaller size. The contrast between the 
yellow bill of P. plicdasnoides and the bluish-black bill of P. cuvieri 
in Gould's beautiful plates (I c), however, seems to be exaggerated. 

Hab. Northern and Western parts of Australia. 

a. Ad. sk. N.W. Australia. Sir Q. Grey [P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. N.W. Australia. Cap! Bowver Bower 
c. $ ad. sk. Rockingham Bay. Gould Coll. 
d. Ad. sk.; e.
Ad. st.
f, g. Ad. sk. 
Port Essington. 
Port Essington, Aug. 
Capt. "W. Chambers 
[P.]. 
J. B. Jukes, Esq. 
h, i. Ad. sk. Victoria River, July. J. B. Elsey, Esq. 
k. Skeleton. Port Essington. Purchased. 

4. Podargus ocellatus. 
Podargus 
ocellatus, Quoy et Gaim. Voy. Astrolabe, Ois. pi. xiv. 
(1830); Bp. Consp. i. p. 57 (1850) ; Gray, Hand-l i. p. 54 (1869); 

* Podargus brackypterus, Gould, P. Z. S. 184G, p. 163 (W. Australia); id. 
33. Austr. i. Intr. p. xxviii (1848); id. Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 89; Gray, 
Hand-l. i. p. 54. This seems to belong to P. pkalesnoides, but Gould appears 
to have also included under this name small specimens of P. strigoides.
Gould's P. macrarhynchus is probably also referable to P. phalcenoides. 
Cf. also P. vineendom, Hombr. & Jacq. Voy. Pol© Sud, pi. 21. fig. 1 
(1846). 

1. PODARGUS. 
635 
A. B. Meyer, Sitzimysber. h. Ah. Wiss. Wien, 1874, p. 8 (Dorey); 
Salvad. Orn. Papuas. i. p. 517 (1880); A. B. Meyer, Zeitsckr. yes. 
Om. 1884, p. 278; Sharpe in GoidcVs B. New Guinea, iv. pi. 40 
(1888N). 
Pogargns marmoratus, Gray, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 154 (Dorey); Fimch, 
Neu-Guinea, p. 162 (1865); JSalvad. Ibis, 1879, p.' 323 (New 
Guinea) ; Bamsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 2 (1888). 

Podargus 
superciliaris, Gray, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 428 (Waigiou); 
Fimch, Neu-Guinea, p. 162 (18C5); Gray, Hancl-l i. p. 54 (1869), 

Adult. Upper parts rufous-brown, the feathers with very small pale 
buff terminal and somewhat larger subterminal black spots ; a pale 
superciliary line ; scapulars externally much lighter; wing-coverts 
with larger terminal whitish and subterminal blackish spots; primaries 
barred with dusky and pale rufous on the outer webs, inner 
webs dusky, mostly with pale rufous or buff bands, sometimes very 
distinct, often indistinct and often entirely uniform; innermost 
secondaries similar to the scapulars ; rectrices coloured like the upper 
parts, more or less distinctly banded with lighter and darker bars; 
lower parts much lighter, the feathers with blackish shaft-stripes and 
smaller or larger pale buff spots; on both sides of the throat a rather 
distinct dark line; upper breast more boldly spotted with black. 
Total length about 13 inches, wing 7 to 7*5, tail generally about 6'5 
(but in a few specimens a little longer, and in one from South-
Eastern Few Guinea fully 7*5 inches), tarsus 0*9. 

Some specimens are entirely of a rufous coloration, while others 
are more greyish brown, the depth of coloration varying greatly. 
The rufous specimens are probably females, the males being browner 
above and lighter below. 

Nestling. Entirely covered with white down, most of the lower 
surface with dark shaft-stripes, the down of the upper surface with 
dark brown shaft-stripes (Mus. Rothschild). 

Hab. New Guinea and adjacent islands (Jobi, Salwatti, "Waigiou, 
Aru Islands). 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Waigiou. Wallace Coll. 
(Type of P. superciliaris, Gray.) 
b. 5 ad. sk. Aru Islands. 
Purchased. 
e. Ad. sk. Salwatti. 
Purchased. 
d. 2 ad. sk. Dorey. Wallace Coll. 
e-h. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts., S.E. New Mr. Goldie [0.]. 
Guinea. 
i, h. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts. {Goldie). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
L m, n. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts. Hon. Hugh Romilly 

[P.]. 
o-t. Ad. sk. Sogeri district, S.E. New H. 0 : Forbes, Esq. 
Guinea. [C.j. 
u, v, w. Ad. sk. Port Moresby. 0. Hunstein [C.]. 

Subsp. a. Podargus marmoratus. 

Podargus marmoratus, Gould, App. MacGillivray's Voy. 'Battlemake,
1 ii. p. 356 (1859; Cape York); id. B. Austral. Suppl. 

PODAEGIDiE. 

pi. viii (1855); id. Handb. B. Austral i. p. 94 (1865); Bamsay, 

P. 
Z. S. 1875, p. 581 (N.E. Australia); id. Tab. List Austr. B. 
p. 2 (1888). 
Birds from Australia have the tail fully an inch longer than in 
typical P. ocellatus, its length ranging from 7-5 to 8 inches. Otherwise 
they are entirely similar to specimens of P. ocellaius from 
Papuasia, and as a few specimens from New Guinea approach and 
equal them in the length of the tail, this form can only be regarded 
as a subspecies. 


The specimens in rufous plumage seem to be females. 
Hah. Northern, Eastern, and South-eastern parts of Australia. 

a-f. 
Ad. sk. Cape York, N. Australia. SaTvin-Grodman Coll. 

(f. d 
5 &> S ad. Cape York. Capt- Owen Stanley [Pf. 
st, (Types of the species.) 
i, k. Ad. sk. Somerset, Cape York, Salvin-Cxodnian Coll. 
Feb., March (Cockerel!). 
I Ad. sk. Adelaide, S. Australia. Adelaide Museum. 


2. 
BATEACHOSTOMUS. 
Type. 
Batrachostomus, Gould, Icon. Av. ii. p. 13, pi. vii 
(1838) B. auritus. 
Bombycistomas, Hay, Journ. As, Soc. Beng. 1841, p. 574. B. auritus. 
Otothrix, Gray, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 10O B. hodjrsoni. 

In this genus the sexes in most of the species are very different in 
colour, and the female is much brighter coloured, the male duller. 
More or less obvious elongated ear-tufts, with bristles to the ends of 
the tuft-feathers. Chiefly differing from Podargm in the form of the 
tail and in the very remarkable nidifleation. The birds of this 
genus build a peculiar nest, viz. a soft pad, formed of down, taken 
from the powder-downs of the bird itself, and then completed by 
having the outside interwoven and covered with hits of bark and 
lichen, so that the nest entirely resembles the branch to which it is 
attached. The eggs are pure white, only one in number, but Mr. St 
Baker informs me (in litt.) that he has also taken two. 

Range. From the Eastern Himalayas to the Malay Peninsula, the 
Southern Philippines, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Of large size, wing more than 7 inches in length. 
a'. Paler and larger, wing more than 0 inches in 
length auritm, p. 637. 
V, 
Darker and smaller, wing less than 9 inches in 
m length harterti, p. 638. 


b. Wing less than 7 inches in length. 
c'. Scapulars with obvious large patches of white 
or buff on the outer webs. 
a!'. "Wing 6 inches or more in length ... . septimm, p. 038. 
b". Wing less than 6 inches in length. 

a!". 
Tipper wing-coverts obviously spotted 
with white or buff. 


2 . BATEAU EOSTOMUS. 
637 

a4. Breast without obvious white spots .. stellatus, p. 039. 
¥. Feathers of breabt chiefly white ^ poliolophus, p. G38. 
//". No obvious spots of white or buff to the 
upper wing-coverts. 
cK Wing more than 5 inches in length. 
a5. Bill larger and more swollen; bristles 
on forehead and ear-tufts shorter .. jav&iisis, p. 640. 
b\ Bill smaller and less swollen ; bristles 
on forehead and ear-tufts longer .. hodgsoni, p. 642. 
dl. Wing less than 5 inchebin length ... . ajfinis, p. 643. 
No obvious white or buff patches on outer 
webs of scapulars woniliger, p. 644. 

1. Batrachostomus auritus. 
Podargus auritus, Gray in Griffith, ed. Curler's An. Kinc/d. ii. p. 114, 
cum tab. {ex Vig. MS.) (1829); Fig. Ajpp. Mem. Raffl. p. 652 
(1830,* Sumatra). 

Batrackostomus 
auritus, Gould, Icon. Av. ii. p. 13, pi. vii. (1838) ; 
Gray, List Spec. B. Brit. Mus. ii. pt. i. p. 3 (1848) j Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 57(1830) j Cass. Cat. Caprim. Mus. Philad. p. 8 (1851); Horsf. 
8f Moore, Cat B. Mus. JE. I. tCo. i. p. 387 (1854) ; Cab. et Heine, 
Mus. Hein. ii. p. 123, footnote (I860) ; Gray, Iland-l i. p. 54 
(1869),-Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 99, 1879, p. 332; Tweedd. Ibis, 
1877, p. 388; id. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 439 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 249 
(Borneo) ; Hume, Stray F. viii. ]). 48 (1879; Malay Penins.j. 
Bombycistomas fullertonii, 
Hay, Jour. A, 8. Beng. 1841, p. 574, 
woodcut (Sumatra). 
Podargus fullertoni, Blyth, Jour. A. S. Beng. 1842, p. 798 
(Malacca). 

Adult. General aspect of the upper surface chestnut-brown with 
dark vermiculations, and whitish bars bordered with blackish; a 
collar of buffy white, bordered with black, composed of several 
narrow but sharply defined bands across the hind neck; quills deep 
ashy brown, the outer webs banded with pale cinnamon and dark 
brown; greater wing-coverts with triangular buffy-white terminal 
spots, bordered on both sides with blackish lines ; throat and breast 
brown, with whitish spots and bars; abdomen pale buff. Total 
length about 16 inches, wing 10*3, tail 8, width of gape 2*3, 
tarsus 0*9. 

Some specimens are much darker and browner, while others are 
more reddish; these seem not to bo sexual differences. The 
nidification and the young of this bird are unknown. 

Hah. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. 

a. Ad. sk. Malacca {Cantor). India Museum. 
h. Ad. at. Malacca. H. Cuming [O.]. 
c, d. Ad. sk. Malacca. Capt. Pin will [P.], 
e~7n. Ad. sk. Malacca (B. G. W. JR. and Tweeddale Coll. 
Dr. Maingay). 
n~~s. Ad. sk. Malacca, July. Hume OoH. 

t. Ad. sk. Labuan (Sir High Low). Sharpe Coll. 
u. 
Ad. sk. Trusan, Borneo. A. H. Everett, Esq* 
[C]. 
638 PGDARGIDiC. 

2. Batrachostomus Iiarterti. (Plate XIV.) 
BatrachostoniUb Iiarterti, Sharjpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 823. 
Adult male. Similar to B. auritus, but much, smaller and of a 
darker brown; top of the bead and back of a deep chebtnutbrown; 
a whitish-buff collar on the hind neck as in B. auritus; 
white tips of the greater wing-coverts less elongated than in 

B. auritus; scapulars with large round subterminal spots of black 
and narrow white tips; inner primaries with pale tips ; breast 
much darker rufous-brown than in B. auritus; feathers of the 
abdomen pale vinaeeous along the shaft and with irregular transverse 
markings of the same colour; lower abdomen more uniform 
pale vinaeeous. Total length nearly 1-1 inches, wing 8-8, tail 6. 
Bab. Mt. Dulit, North-west Borneo. 

a. d ad. sk. Mt. Dulit. C. Hose, Esq. [CV. (Type of specie*.) 
3. Batrachostomus Septimus. 
Batrachostomus Septimus, Tweedd. P. Z. S. 1877* p. Z4'291878, p. 944; 
id. Voy. i Challenger] p. 1#, pi. ii. (Mindanao; I860). 

Adult male, Bufous-brown, a little darker above; the scapulars 
with the outer webs creamy white, narrowly bordered with dark 
brown; a white nuchal collar is very conspicuous, and much 
white is to be seen on the breast and abdomen, with fine Mack bars 
across the latter; the greater wing-coverts have large terminal 
white spots, chiefly on the outer webs, bordered internally by a 
blackish line; vent and under tail-eoverts isabelline: " iris orange-
yellow : biU light horn-brown; feet pale ochreous-yeliow "* (Everett). 
Total length about 10 inches, wing 6*2 to 0-5, tail 4-5, tarsus (HJ8, 
width of gape 1*55, culmen 1 to 1*2. 


Adult female. Similar to the male in its general colour, but 
different in its markings; the scapulars have no white, the spots 
on the wing-coverts are not so large. "Wing 6*1 inches* tail 4*5. 

This species is easily distinguished from its nearest allies, B. javensis 
and B. moniliger, by its larger size and comparatively much 
shorter tail, and by the sexes being similar in their general 
coloration. 

Bab. S.W. Mindanao, Philippines. 

a. $ ad. sk. Zamboanga, Mindanao. 4 Challengerf Exped. 
(Type of the species.) 
b} c. $ ; d. J ad. Zamboanga, April (A. H. Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. Everett). 

4. Batrachostomus polioloplras. 
Batrachostomus poliolophus, JHartert, Notes Leyd. Mm, 1892> p. 68 
(ex Temm.f MIS,) 
Adult female. Top of the head, back and rump bright cinnamon 

2 . BATRACHOSTOMUS. 
rufous; white bands across the feathers of tkc hind neck forming a, 
semicollar; scapulars with large white patches, each of which 
is encircled by a brownish-black lino; wing-coverts cinnamon 
rufous, with white tips; outer webs and tips of inner webs of primaries 
pale cinnamon, inner webs dusky; innermost secondaries 
uniform cinnamon; rectrices cinnamon, the lateral ones with 
narrow whitish spots at the tips, which, I believe, arc remains of 
immaturity; feathers of the lower surface pure white, dusky at the 
extreme base, margined with rufous, narrower on the feathers of 
the throat, much broader and darker on those of the breast; bristles 
on the elongated ear-tufts and on the forehead extremely long, 
longest about 1*5 inches in length. Total length nearly 9 inches, 
wing 5-3, tail 3*8, culmen 0*8, tarsus 0*55, width of gape 1-2. 

This very distinct species agrees with B. stellatus in the distinctly 
spotted wing-coverts, but differs from it in the white abdomen and 
the entirely unbarred rectrices; it has the long bristles and ear-
tufts of B. hodgsoni, but is easily distinguished from the latter by 
the distinctly spotted wing-coverts. 

Hah. Padang, W. Sumatra (Leycleti Museum). 

5. Batrachostomus stellatus. 
Podargus stellatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 43. 

Batrachostomus stellatus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 45 (1846); id. List B. 
Brit. Mm. ii. pt. i. p. 3 (1848); id. Hand-l. i. p. 45 (1869); Cass. 
Cat. Caprim. Mus. Philctd. p. 8 (1851); Horsf. fy Moore, Cat. 

B. Mus. H. I. Comp. i. p. 388 (1854); Moore, P. Z. S. 1854, 
p. 260; Cah. $ Heine, Mus. Hem. ii. p. 123 (1860); 8cl. P. Z. 6. 
1863, p. 212; Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 113 (1874); Tweedd. Ibis, 
1877, p. 389; id. P.Z.8. 1877, p. 436, pi. xlvii.; tiharpe, Ibis, 
1879, p. 249 (Borneo); Hume, Stray Feath. viii. p 48 (1879 ; 
Malay Pen.). 
Batrachostomus javeusis, 
Blyth, J. As. Soe. Beng. 1847, p. 1181, 
part, (nee Horsf.). 
Batrachostomus "javanensis, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. 8oc. Beng. 

p. 81 (part.), spec. Malay. (1849). 
Podargus parvulus, Schley. J. f. 0. 1856, p. 460 (Borneo aud 

Malacca); id. Handl Hierh. i. pp. 224, 481, Atlas, pi. ii. fig. 15 

(1857); Blyth, Ms, 1862, p. 304. 

Batrachostomus parvulus, Bp. Gonsp. i. p. 57 (1850). 

Batrachostomus stictopterus, 
Cab. <§• Heine, Mus. Hein. ii. p. 124 
(1860 ; Malacca); Gray, Hand-L i. p. 54 (1869); Tweedd. Ibis, 
1877/p. 389. 

Adult male. Upper surface deep brown; a collar on the hind, 
neck formed by creamy-white bands across the nuchal feathers ; 
scapulars and greater wing-coverts with buffy-white spots; tail 
brown, narrowly barred with dusky; feathers of the underparts 
buff, with blackish bases and brown margins, the latter much 
broader on the throat and breast and narrow on" the abdomen, thus 
causing the breast to appear dark brown and the abdomen gradually 
lighter, lightest on the under tail-coverts. Total length about 10 
inches, wing 5, tail 4*8, width of gape 1*3 to 1-4, much smaller in 
young birds, culmen 0*9. 

poDAB&maj. 

Adult female. The female of this species is not so entirely different 
in colour from the male as in most of the other species of this 
genus, but is much more reddish and lighter. Of the same size as 
the male. 

Young. Younger birds are, according to the sex, dark brown or 
reddish brown and much like the adult birds, but the characteristic 
whitish spots on the greater wing-coverts are only indicated and 
are obsolete in quite young birds. In this state they are very 
similar to the young of B. affinis, but the colour of the lower abdomen 
being almost like that of adult specimens, and generally, at 
least in females, the bars on the tail not reaching the shaft, as 
is generally the case in B. affinis, may serve to distinguish them. ^ 

Hob. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. The type is said 
to be from Java, but this is very doubtful. 

a-t. Ad. ; u, Vj w. Malacca^ Jan., Feb., July. Hume Coll. 
Imm. sk. 
^'.Ad.;fi'.Lnm. Malacca (R. G. W. 22.: Tweeddale Coll. 
bk. Dr. Maingay). 
f'-i'. Ad. sk. Malacca (Cantor). India Museum. 
k'j V. Ad. sk. Malacca. Wallace Coll. 
m'. Ad. sk. Malacca. Pinwill Coll. 
n'. Ad. sk.
o\ Ad. sk.
p'. Imm.: a'. Ad. 
Singapore. 
Penang (Cantor). 
Sumatra. 
Gould Cull. 
India Museum. 
A. R. Wallace, E^q. 
sk.
r'-u'. Ad. sk. Sarawak (A. JET. Everett). 
[C.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
v'. Ad. sk. Lawas River. II. Veitch, Esq. 
[C-Jw'. 
Ad. sk.
x\ yr . Ad. ak. 
[Java?] (Gould). 
JSTO locality [? Malacca]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
Gould and Tweeddale 
Colls. 

6. Batrachostomus javensis. 
Podargus javensis, Mors/. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 141 (1851). 
Podargus cornutus, Temm. PL Col 159 (1823; Sumatra); BcMeg. 

J.f.O. 1856, p. 400; id. Nederl. Tifdsckr. Dierh.m. p. 341, part. 
(1866). 
Podargus javanensis, 
JSorsf. Zool Mes. Jam, pi. 37 (1824); Btyth, 
Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. Beng. p. 81 (1849); JScftlea. Eamdl Bterh. 

i. p. 224 (1857). 
Batrachostomus javensis* Gray, Gen. B. i p. 45 (184(5); id List 
B. Brit. Mus. ii. pt. i. p. 3 (1848); id. JEand-L I p. 54 (18011): 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 57 (1850); Cass. Cat. Caprim. Mus. PMtad. p. 7 
(1851); Mors/. # Moore, Cat B. Mus. & I. Co. i. p. 112 
(1854); Cab. 8f Beine, Mus. Hein. ii. p. 128 (1860); Bermi. 
J.f O. I860, p. 428 (Java: nesting); Scl P. Z. S. 1863, p. 211 
(Banjermassing); Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 112 (1874); Sharpe, 
P. Z JS. 1875, p. 99,1879, p. 332; Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 389; id. 
P. Z. S.1877, p. 435; Hume, Stray Feath vii. p. 143, note (1878). 
Batrachostomus cornutus, Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 45 (1846); Pek. Bdse 
* Oiten spelt yavamnsis. 
2 . BA.TKACHOSTOMTJB. 
Novara, Vog. p. 34 (1865; Borneo); Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, pp. 298, 
388; id. P. #.& 1877, p. 432, pi. xlvi.; W. Bias. J. f. 0. 1884, 
P., 217 (S.E, Borneo); Kutter, J. f. 0. 1885, p. 341, pi. iv. 
(nidif.); Grabowsh/, Ornis, 1885, p. 157 (habits); S7iarpe, Ibis, 
1888, p. 198 (Palawan); Whiteh. Ibis, 1890, p. 4G. 

Batrachostomns stellatus (?), Bruggem. Abh. natunv. Ver. Bremen, 

v. p. 456 (1876). 
Batrachostomus adspersus, Bruggem. Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, 
xx. p. 178* id. Abh. naturw. Ver. Bremen, v. p. 528 (1877; Int. 
Borneo). 
Rufous phase. Deep reddish brown, with numerous fine black 
vermiculations; an indistinct white band across the neck, and large 
white spots on the scapulars; under surface deep reddish brown below, 
with a broad pure white band across the upper breast, the feathers of 
this part being white with dark terminal cross-bars, one distinct and 
one generally obsolete, the bases being dark. Many feathers of the 
breast have very large central spots of white, margined with a black 
line • abdomen mingled with blackish, brownish, and a good deal of 
isabelline. 
Broivn phase, Above dark brown, with many pale bars and vermiculations 
; a broad distinct band of whitish across the hind neck 
and much white on the scapulars ,* a good deal of creamy white on 
the lower surface. 
Blackish phase. Several specimens from Borneo are black or 
blackish in colour, the vermiculations white or whitish. 
The reddish specimens are probably females, the brown and the 
"black ones being probably males in different phases or perhaps 
representing different ages. 
The size of all is about the same, the total length being about 
9 to 10 inches, wing 5-3, tail 5-2, tarsus 0*55, culmen 0-8, width of 
gape 1*3 to 1*4. ' *""* 
The specimens described above are all from Borneo. Two females 
in the British Museum from Sumatra, in reddish plumage, are lighter 
than those from Borneo, being rather of a cinnamon-rufous colour. 
The patches on the lower throat are cream-coloured, with a cinnamon-
rufous border and a blackish subterminal bar, but without any 
further blackish bars. 
These differences, however, seem to me not constant after comparing 
the material in the Leyden Museum; nevertheless, I have 
not yet heard of any blackish specimens from Sumatra, and it must 
therefore be left open to question at present whether it is possible 
to separate the Sumatran and Bornean specimens specifically or 
subspeciiically. 
Specimens from Java seem to be identical with those from 
Borneo, although some are rather small, the wing measuring 4*9 to 
5*1 inches, tail 5*5, tarsus 0*55, width of gape 1*1 to 1*2, culmen 
0*65 to 0*7. Specimens from Java are rare in collections, and I 
have examined a few only. 
Rah. Java, Sumatra, and Borneo, north to Palawan. 

a. 
Ad. at. "Indian Archipelago." Sir E. Belcher [P.J 
b. 2 
ad. sk. Java. Tweeddale Coll. 
VOL. XVI. 2 T 
<642 
POD AEG ID JS. 

Specimens from Borneo. 

c~e. <$;f. % ad. sk. N.W. Borneo (Sir Hugh Zozv). Sliarpe Coll. 

g. $ ad. sk. Tumpussak R., N. Borneo. W. Pretyrnan, Esq. 
? ad sk

/*. <?; z, k-- Lumbidan, Borneo. Ussher Coll. 
/. Ad.; m. 2 imm. Banjermassing, Borneo. J. Motley, Esq. [P.]. 
sk. 
n, o. Ad. sk. Banjermassing, Borneo (J. Tweeddale Coll. 
Motley). 

Specimens from Sumatra. 

a. S ad. sk. Sumatra. 
Wallace Coll. 
b. 2 ad. sk. Sumatra. Oct. (Carl Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
e. 2 ad. sk. Lampoug, S.E. Sumatra Tweeddale Coll. 
(E. C Buxton). 
7. Batrachostomus hodgsoni 
Podargus afllnis, Blyth (nee Horsf), Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 81, part. 
(1849; Darjiling). 
Otothrix hodgsoni, Gray, P. Z. S. 1859, p 101, pi. clii.; Jercl B. 
Ind. i. p. 190 (1862); id. Ibis, 1871, p. 356; Hume, Stray F. ii. 

p. 349 (1874); id. Ibis, 1878, p. 122. 
Batrachostomus 
castaneus, Hume, Stray F. ii. p. 349 (1874; Darjiling), 
iv. p. 376; Blanf. Ibis, 1877, p. 251; Tweedd. Ibis. 1877, 

p. 388 ; Hume, Ibis, 1878, p. 120. 
Batrachostomus hodgsoni, Blyth 8r Walden, B. Burm. p. 83 (1875); 
Blanf. Ibis, 1877, p. 252 j Hume fy Davis. Stray F. vi. p. 52 
(1878 ; Tenasserim); Hume, Stray F. viii. p. 85 (1879), m. p. 34 
(1888; Manipur) ,• Oates, ed. Hume's Nests 8f Fggs Ind. B. iii. 

p. 39 (1890). 
? Batrachostomus javensis, Godw.-Aust. J. As. Soc. Beng. xlvii. pt. 2, 
p. 13 (1878; Naga Hills). 
Adult male. General aspect mottled with, blackish and greyish; 
a more or less conspicuous white nuchal collar formed by most of 
the nuchal feathers being traversed by a white band; scapulars 
with more or less white; quills dark brown, with large pale rusty 
spots on the outer webs and with some tawny spots on the outer 
margin of th.e inner webs ; lower surface much more whitish than 
the upper surface; the upper breast with a good deal of blackish 
brown, above which colour is a white band, generally very conspicuous 
; the forehead and the ear-coverts are ornamented with 
long, hair-like feathers with lateral filaments. Total length about 
10*5 inches, wing 5*3, tail 5*8, tarsus 0-6, width of gape 1*2, 
culmen 0*65 to 0*7. 

Adult female. Of the same size as the male. Plumage bright 
cinnamon-rufous, paler and mixed with whitish buff on the lower 
abdomen; the nuchal feathers are traversed by a pure white band 
which is bounded above and below by a black line; thus a more or 
less evident white and black band is formed across the hind neck ; 
some of the scapulars also have a long bold white mark, bordered 

2 . BATRA.CHOSTOMTJS. 
043 

by black lines ; the quills are blackish with only the outer webs 
cinnamon-rufous; the rectrices are not quite uniform,but traversed 
by darker bands at almost equal intervals and finely vermiculated 
with black; on the lower surface the throat and breast exhibit 
large white rounded spots, separated from the rufous tips by a black 
line; these white spots form two bands, one across tho lower throat 
and one across the lower breast with a perceptible one between 
them, but all of them are somewhat irregular. 

Nestling (Sikkim). The upper surface is pale rufous-brown with 
subterminal dark brown bars; above and before the eyes and on the 
scapulars appears a good deal of white; under surface whitish, with 
dark transverse bands. It is probably a male, and I believe that 
the different coloration of the sexes in adult birds is already foreshadowed 
in that of the young birds. 

All the Himalayan specimens in the British Museum belong 
without doubt to one species; but from notes made by Mr. C. IS. 
Baker in Cachar, it becomes obvious to me that a second species 
inhabits the hills south of the Brahmaputra, which is very likely a 
new form, allied to B. moniliger. 

Hah. Eastern Himalayas, Sikkim, and probably farther to the 
east; Cachar and Manipur, probably reaching through the adjacent 
hill-tracts into Burma, as a specimen obtained in Karennee by Major 
Wardlaw-Ramsay belongs to this species. 

a. $ 
ad.; b. Pull. Sikkim. Hodgson Coll. 
sk. (Types of the species.) 
c. <$ imm.; d, e. Sikkim. Hume Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 
f-h. 
$ ; l~o. 2 Nat. Sikkim, Jan. to Nov. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. (L. Mandelli). 

p. 
J ad. sk. Darjiling. Hume Coll. (Type 
of B. castaneus, Hume.) 
q. $ ad. sk. Manipur, April24 (A. O.H.). Hume Coll. 
r. <S ad. sk. Karennee, April 2 (%. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. JR.). 
8. Batrachostomus affinis. 
Batrachostomus 
affinis, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1847, p. 1180, 
1849, pp. 806, 807 ; id. Cat. B. Mm. As. Soc. p. 81, part. (1849 • 
Malacca); Wald. His, 1876, p. 355; Blanf. Ibis, 1877, p. 351; 
Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 388 ; id. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 426, part.; Hume, 
Ibis, 1878, p. 120; id. Stray F. vi. p. 53 (1878); id. op. cit. viii. 

p. 47 (1879,- Malay Peninsula); Bingham, Stray F. ix- p. 149 
(1880; Tenasserim); Oates, B. Burma, ii. p. 15, part. (1883). 
Adult male. Similar to the male of B. Jiodgsoni, but smaller ; the 

general aspect of the upper parts not so blackish; besides the more or 

less distinct whitish band on the hind neck there is a reddish-brown 

one before the latter, and the back and rump are more of a rufous tint; 

the under surface is also similar to that of B. hodgsoni, but the upper 

breast is not so black, being more of a rufous-brown, forming a 

rather pronounced band across the lower surface. Total length 

2T2 

644 
PODARGIDiE. 

about 8-5 inches, wing 4*5, tail 4-5, tarsus 0*5, width of gape 1 to 
1*2, oilmen 0-7 to 0-8. 

Adult female. Similar to the female of B. hodgsoni, but smaller, 
of the same size as the male of B. affims. Colour of the upper 
parts of a much darker reddish brown. Lower parts also darker, 
rather of a dark cinnamon-rufous colour, the white spots less 
numerous and smaller, the lower abdomen not so whitish. 

Young. I have not seen any properly determined young birds, 
bub one before me is dark foxy brown with blackish bars and undulations, 
and with the white markings of the adult. It is probably a 
male. 

Hob. The Malay Peninsula and North-western Borneo. (Probably 
occurring in Eastern Sumatra.) 

a. S;b,c. 2 ad. et Malacca, March, July. Hume Coll. 
imm. sk. 
d. $ ad.; e. S ad.
sk. 
Malacca. J. Harvey, Esq. [P.], 
an d Purchased. 
/, g, h. $ ad.; i. Malacca (Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 
7c. Ad. sk. Mt. Dulit, N.W. Borneo. C. Hose, Esq. [C.]. 

9. Batrachostomus moniliger. 
Batrachostomus moniliger, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Be?ig. 1849, p. 806, 
$ (Ceylon); Jerd. B. Ind. p. 189 (1862; S. India); Blyth, Ibis, 
1862; p. 804, note (Ceylon); id. Ibis, 1867, p. 311; Gray, Hand~l 

i. p. 54 (1869); Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 420 (Ceylon); Legge, 
Bis, 1874, p. 12; Hume, Stray Feaih. iii. p. 198 (1875), iv. 
p. 376 (1876),- Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 389; id. P. Z. S. 1877, 
p. 439, pis. xlviii., xlix.; Blanf. Ibis, 1877, p. 251; Hume, Ibis, 
1878, p. 120 ; legge, B. Ceylon, p. 831 (1880); Davison, Ibis, 1888, 
p. 147; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests <$• Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 38 (1890). 
Batrachostomus 
punctatus, Hume, Stray Feath. i. p. 432 (1873; 
Ceylon); Blanf. Ibis, 1877, p. 251 $ Tweedd. Ibis} 1877, p. 388; 
Hume, Ibis, 1878, p. 120. 

Adult male. Above, head and neck greyish brown with subterminal 
blackish spots; a white collar, generally very distinct, on 
the hind neck; the rest of the upper parts brown and greyish, with 
many black vermiculations and very perceptible subterminal black 
spots, and with much white on the scapulars; quills dark smoky 
brown, with the outer webs cinnamon-rufous for their greater part; 
lower parts mixed brown, grey, and black, with a more or less indistinct 
white band, and much white on the abdomen; vent and 
under tail-coverts paler brown, often nearly uniform isabelline. 
Total length about 9 inches, wing 4*6 to 4*85, tail 4*5, culmen 0*78, 
width of gape 1*3 to 1*4. 

Adult female. Eeddish brown; an indistinct white collar on 
the hind neck ; pale tips and narrow subterminal black spots to the 
scapulars; greater wing-coverts with terminal white spots, separated 
by a black line: below reddish brown like the upper surface, the 
abdomen much paler; an indistinct white band across the breast; 

JEGOTHELItfJB. 
645 

large terminal whitish spots, which are separated from the reddish-

brown colour by a black line, to the feathers of the abdomen. Size 

like that of the male. 

Younger males seem to be not so reddish as older birds. 

Nestling. A nestling from Mynall, S. Travancore, is in the reddish 

plumage, but the back, wing-coverts, and abdomen are more greyish 

brown. 

Some male specimens are very much darker than others. One 

specimen, marked as a young male, is in a plumage which only partly 

resembles that of the adult male, the wing-coverts, throat, and 

breast being of the reddish colour of the female. The type of 

Hume's B. punctatus is exceptionally small, the wing measuring 

only 4*3 inches, but in plumage it quite agrees with other larger 

specimens. 

The reddish bird agrees with B. stellatus in the white spots on 

the greater wing-coverts, but is easily distinguished by the colour of 

the lower parts. Besides this it has the characteristic narrow sub


terminal spots to the scapulars, which do not show the large whitish 

spots to be seen in B. stellatus. 

Rah. Ceylon and Travancore hills. 

«.<?;&, c, d. 2 Ceylon, Feb. (21. Nevill). Tweeddale Coll. 
ad. sk. 


e. S mim. sk. Ceylon. Legge Coll. 
/, g. Sk. Kandy, Ceylon (A. Whyte). Sharpe Coll. 
h. $ ; i. 5 sk. Ceylon. 
Hume Coll. 
(6 • Type of B. punctatus, Hume.) 
7c. <3 ad. sk. Ceylon. H. Cuming [C.]. 

I. 3; 
m. J j n. Mynall, S. Travancore, Dec, Hume Coll. 
Imm. sk. Feb., Mar. (F. W. Bourdillon), 
o. 3 ad. sk. Madras. 
Brenchley Coll. 
p. 3 ad. sk. [Ceylon ?] 
Gould Coll. 
Subfamily II. ^GOTHELINiE. 

The species of the genus JEgotlieles differ in such important points 
from those of the genus Podargus and Batrachostomus that they 
must be separated as a subfamily. They have also five phalanges in 
the outer toe and the claw of the middle toe not pectinated; but 
they have a very different bill and a different mode of nidification. 
The Australian species lays white eggs in hollow trees, but those of 
the JEgotheles wallacei (A. B. Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, 
pi. xvii., and in the collection of Mr. Crowley) are marked with 
pale striations. 

Range. Australia and Papuasia. 

640 PODARGIDuE. 

3. JEGOTHELES. Tjpe > 
iEgotheles, Vlg. $ Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. 

p. 194 (1825) ^E. novaa-hollandise. 
Oegotheles, Less. Traite d'Orn. p. 263 (1831)) . M. novaa-hollandise. 
There are few groups of birds about; which our knowledge is less 
complete than the genus Mjotheles. We do not know whether 
one species possesses a greyish and a rufous phase, and we do not 
know the changes in plumage which are produced by season and 
age. Besides this the collections of most of the Museums are rather 
poor in specimens from New Guinea, and the genus is poorly represented 
in the British Museum except as regards the Australian 
species. 1 am therefore obliged to recognize almost all the species 
that have been described from New Guinea, and even to describe 
two specimens under a new name ; but I think it is quite possible 
that several of these forms may not stand as distinct species when 
our knowledge of this genus has increased. 

Key to the /Species *. 

a. Bright cinnamon-rufous; wing much more 
than 6 inches crmifrons, p. 646. 
b. Chestnut-rufous above. 
a'. Larger; wing about 6 inches insigni% p. 647. 
b'. Smaller; wing less than 5 inches albertisi, p. 648. 
c. Dusky or brown above, more or less barred or 
vermiculated with whitish. 
c'. With more or less distinct pale nuchal collar. 
a". Wing more than 6 inches savesi, p. 652. 
b". Wing less than 6 inches. 


a'". Tail with 12 or more bars; markings 
on breast and upper parts finer ... . novte-?wtla?idi<%,ip.6Z)l. 

btn 

. Tail with 10 or less bars; pale markings 
above and dusky markings on 
breast broader and less numerous .. bennetti, p. 650. 

d'. Without nuchal collar. 
Larger hrm, p. 650. 
Smaller icallacei, p. 650. 


1. iEgotheles crinifrons. 
Batrachostomus crinifrons, Bp. Consp. i. p. 57 (1850, ex Temm. MS.; 
Halmahera); Cab. $ Heine, 31ns. Hein. iii. p. 123 (1860); Scl. 


P. Z. S. 1863, p. 212; Gray, Hand-l. i. p. 54 (1869). 
Podargus crinifrons, ScWg. J.f.O. 1856, p. 460; id. Ned. Tijdschr. 
Bierh iii. p. 340 (1866). 
Batrachostomus psilopterus, Gray, P. Z. S. I860, p. 345 (Batchian) ; 
id. Hand4. i. p. 54 (1869) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 212. 

* M. salvaclorii is larger than JE. albcriisi and less rufous. I have not seen 
M. dubius and JE. affinis, and could not place them in the Key satisfactorily. 
Cf. descriptions. 
3 . 2EG0THELES. 
647 
Capriruulgus jsilopterus, Finsch, Neu-Guinea, p. 162 (1865). 
iEgotheles crinifrons, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Genov. vii. p. 766 (1875), 

x. p. 309 (1877) j id. Orn. Fapuas. i. p. 521 (1880). 
Adult. Above bright cinnamon-rufous; before and behind the 
eye some more or less pure white feathers with blackish tips; 
some of the scapulars and upper wing-coverts with round spots of 
white, encircled by a black ring; quills cinnamon-rufous, inner 
webs dusky; reetrices with indistinct dusky bars, especially near 
the base; lower surface of the same cinnamon-rufous colour as the 
back, sometimes a little paler; chin whitish buff; feathers in the 
middle of the throat and breast and large portions of the abdomen 
white, with deep brown margins or spots near the shafts; lower 
tail-coverts and lower wing-coverts mixed whitish and cinnamon-
rufous : upper mandible brown, lower mandible and feet pale 
yellowish in skins. Total length about 11-5 inches, wing 6-6, 
tail 5*9, tarsus 0"8 to 1, width of mouth at gape 1*35. 

The plumage described above is that of adult specimens. Other 
specimens, which are no doubt immature, are somewhat deeper 
coloured above; the crown has large rufous-bufi spots and bars, 
the whole npper surface is more or less distinctly vermiculated with 
blackish; outer webs of quills pale rufous, spotted with dusky ; 
lower surface cinnamon-buff, with paler and darker markings. 
They gradually assume the plumage of tho adult bird, as shown by 
a specimen in an intermediate state of plumage. 

Hab. Moluccan Islands : Halmahera and Batchian. 

a. 
J ad.; h- Imm. sk. Batchian. Wallace Coll. (Types 
of Fatrachostomus psilopterus.) 
c. Ad. sk. Halmahera. Wallace Coll. 
d. Fere ad. sk. Halmahera. Tweeddale Coll. 
2. iEgotheles iasignis. 
JEgotheles insignis, 8alvad. Ann* Mus. Civ. Gen. vi. p. 916 (1875 j 
Arfak Mte.); id. op. cit. x. p. 809 (1877;; id. Orn. Fapuas. i. 

p. 523 (1880). 
Adult Chestnut-rufous; lores, superciliaries, and throat rufescent 
whitish; gape, sides of the forehead, and auriculars beset with 
long bristles of black colour with rufescent whitish bases; back 
with small rufous-white spots, some margined with black; upper 
tail-coverts barred with dark brown and rufous ; breast and abdomen 
chestnut-rufous, spotted with white, these spots margined with 
brown, sometimes occupying the whole of the feathers, sometimes the 
outer or inner web only; middle of the abdomen rufous without 
large white spots, varied with small brown and black spots; under 
tail-coverts whitish, rufescent towards the tips; scapulars similar 
in colour to the back, but the outer ones with two or three spots of 
white, margined with black ; wings similar to the back, but paler; 
upper wing-coverts barred with fuscous, narrowly tipped with 
white; under wing-coverts dark brown, some of tho median ones 

64 8 PODAKGrlD-B. 

punctulated with whitish, the others with rufous ; primaries dark 

brown, vermiculated with rufous; outer webs spotted with the same 

colour, nearly uniform below; tail rufous, irregularly barred with 

dark brown, more narrowly on the central pair, more broadly on 

the lateral ones; outer web of lateral pair of rectrices with a 

pale rufous spot: upper mandible dark brownish ; lower mandible 

and feet pale. Total length about 10 inches, wing 6*1, tail 4-5, 

tarsus 0*85. 

Hob. Arfak Mountains, Xew Guinea. 

3. iEgotheles albertisi. 
^Egotheles albertisi, Scl. P.Z. S. 1873, p. 696 (Arfak Mts.); id. Ibis, 
1874, p. 416; A. B. Meyer, Situngsber. Ak. Wus. Wien, hoc. 

p. 128 (1874); Sakad. Ami. Mm. Civ. Gen. x. pp. ISO, 309 (1877); 
id. Orn. Pajpuas. i. p. 524 (1880). 
Adult female (Arfak Mountains). Above chestnut-rufous; forehead 
chestnut-buff, crown shaded and spotted with blaek and with 
some whitish terminal spots; some whitish bars across the feat hero 
of the hind neck, forming a semicoUar; some whitish spots and 
some dusky markings to the feathers of the back and rump ; upper 
wing-coverts deep brown laterally, spotted and shaded with chestnut-
rufous and largely tipped with whitish; primaries dusky; 
outer webs spotted with pale brownish rufous ; two outermost pairs 
of rectrices dusky, with pale huffy spots to the outer webs and pale 
rufous bars to the inner webs; two following pairs barred with 
chestnut-rufous, more distinct on the outer webs; central pair 
chestnut-rufous, barred with dusky; wing and tail paler below: 
lower parts rufous isabelline, chin and throat more brownish, 
terminal spots of deep brown to the feathers; lower abdomen 
and lower tail-coverts almost uniform; under wing-coverts brown. 
Total length about 7 | inches, wing 4*7, tall 3-9, tarsus 0-75. Upper 
mandible dee]> brown; feet pale. (JIus. W. MothscMM.) 

Bah. Arfak Mountains, Kew Guinea. 

4. JEg'otheles dubius. 
JSgotheles dubius, A. B. Meyer7 Sitzungsber. Ak. Wm. Wim, ixix. 
p. 75 (1874; Arfak Site.); id, op. at kx. p. 128 (1874, note); 
Salvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. x. p. 310 (1877): id. Orn. Papuas. L 
p. 527 (1880). 
Above brownish, distinctly marbled with black and white; some 
yellowish-brown feathers on the top of the head ; primaries dusky ; 
outer webs barred with black and white; rectrices blackish grey 
with narrow light rufous bars, outer pair with white markings; 
chin whitish buff; throat and breast blackish, irregularly barred 
with brownish and white; abdomen paler. Total length about 
7*86 inches, wing 4*52, tail 4*13. 

I have not seen this species, but according to Br- A. B. Meyer, 

3. 2EG0THELES. 649 
who has kindly compared it for me with a specimen of J3. albertisi, 
it. is similar to the latter in size and proportions, but differs in the 
more marbled upper surface and the less rufous coloration. It 
must remain doubtful at present whether the two are really distinct 
species or not. 

Hab. Arfak Mountains, New Guinea. 

5. JEgotheles salvadorii. 
Above dark brown; forehead and sides of the crown with brownish-
white mottlings, centre and hinder part of crown nearly uniform; 
a distinct whitish collar on the hind neck, whitish transverse 
mottlings on all the upper parts, some few larger pale spots to the 
upper wing-coverts and scapulars ; quills spotted with buff on the 
outer webs, uniform deep brown on the inner webs; rectrices with 
narrow pale bars across both webs, these being more distinct on 
the outer webs : lower parts buff, each feather with blackish 
shaft-stripes and spots near the shaft; throat and breast more 
spotted and darker; lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts more 
uniform; under wing-coverts dark brown, spotted with buffy 
white : upper mandible brown; feet pale. Total length about 8 
inches, wing 4*6 to 4-8, tail 4-22, tarsus 0-79. 

Another specimen is more rufous above, the bars on the tail 
dark rufous-brown, the lower parts similar. 

I have found it necessary to give a new name to these two specimens, 
as they do not agree with any of the species that I have seen, 
nor with the descriptions of those that I have not seen. It may 
after all belong to J$. albertisi^ but I greatly doubt it. 

Hab. Astrolabe Mountains, S.E. New Guinea. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk. 
Moroco district, Astrolabe Mountains, 
Nov. 
Astrolabe Mts. 
H. 0. Forbes, Esq. 
[C.j. 
H. O. Forbes. Esq. 
[C.]. 
6. JEgotheles aflinis. 

JEgotheles aflinis, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 917 (1875); 
id. op. at. x. p. 310 (1877); id. Orn. Papuas. i. p. 525 (1880). 

Above dark brown; rictal and loral bristles black, rufous at base; 
forehead, superciliary stripe, and auricular spot rufescent; spot on 
the occiput and collar on the neck rufous white; back and upper 
wing-coverts dark brown, narrowly barred with whitish grey ; 
throat and breast rufescent; feathers of the breast with a dark 
brown longitudinal shaft-line and spots and bars of the same colour; 
abdomen and lower tail-coverts uniform white ; quills dark brown, 
spotted with reddish white on the outer webs; tail brown, central 
and lateral pairs of rectrices with spotted bars of whitish on. both 
webs, the others on the outer webs only : bill and feet dark brown. 
Total length about 9 inches, wing 5*4, tail 4*3, tarsus 0*9. 

I have not seen this species. 

Hab. Arfak Mountains, New Guinea. 

650 
PODARGID-E. 

7. iEgotheles wallacei. 
^Egotheles 
wallacei, Gray, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 154 (Dorey, New 
Guinea); id. P.Z.S. 1861, p. 433j Finsch, Neu-Guinea, p. 162 
(1865): Sohleg. Nederl. Tijdsehr. Dierk. iii. p. 340 (1866); Gray, 
Band-L i. p. 55 (1869); Sol JP. Z. S. 1873, p. 696 ; A. B. Meyer, 
Zeitschr. yes. Orn. i. p. 278, pi. xvii. %. 4 (Am I., egg) (1884); 
Salvad. Ami. Mm. Civ. Gen. x. p. 310 (1877); id. P. Z. S. 1878, 

p. 94; id. Orn. Papuas. i. p. 5'26 (1880) ; id. Rep. Voy.• Challenger] 
p. 77 (1882) : Guillem. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 630 • Sharps in Gould's 
B. Neio Guinea, pt. xxi. pi. 4 (1886). 
Caprimulgus 
brachyurus, Schl. Nederl. Tijdsehr. Dierk. iii. p. 340 
(1866, ex Rosenb. MS.) (Am); Rosenb. Nat. Tijdsehr. Nederl. 
Ind. xxix. p. 143 (1867) ; id. Rets naar Zuidoustereil. p. 37 (1867); 
JSartl. Archivf. Naturg. 1868, p. 188. 

Adult. Above black, reticulated with whitish, here and there 

blotched with white, especially on the upper wing-coverts; fore


head and crown of head blotched with pale rufous ; no indication of 

a collar on the neck : tail black, with irregular and narrow reticu


lated bands of white; lower parts whitish pervaded with pale 

rufous, darker on the throat and breast, reticulated and spotted 

with blackish; chin rufous white; under wing-coverts dusky and 

whitish. Total length about 8 inches, wing 4*8, tail 1*2. 

Young individuals are much more narrowly reticulated and barred 

with white above, and the lower parts less clearly marked; spots on 

the wing-coverts rather distinct and larger. 

This very distinct species cannot be confounded with any of those 

allied to JE. bennetti. 

Hab. New Guinea (Dorey) and Aru Islands. 

a. Ad. sk. Dorey, New Guinea. Wallace Coll. 
(Tvpe of the species.) 
b. Imm. sk. Aru Islands. Voy. H.M.S. * Challenger.' 
8. iEgotheles lorise. 
iEgotheles lorige, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xxix. p. 564 (1890). 

Similar to JE. wallacei, but much larger; under wing-coverts 
darker, hardly whitish, the larger ones entirely greyish black, without 
white to the tips. Total length about 10 inches, wing 5*1, 
tail 4*7, tarsus 0*85, culmen 0*45. 

Bab. Eigo, S.E. New Guinea. 

9. JEgotheles beimetti.* 
JEgotheles bennetti, Salvad. Sf d?Alb. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 816 
* JEGOTHBLES PLTJMIFERA, Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, viii. p. 21 
(1883); Salvad. Ibis, 1884, p. 354. 
Differs from M. bennetti in having the face, throat, chest, and flanks washed 
with rufous-brown, barred distinctly with black; an ashy spot at the angle of 
the mouth; head also washed with rufous; collar ashy white, freckled and 
barred with black; tail with 12 to 14 narrow broken bars. Wing 4*5 inches, tail 
4*2, tarsus 0'8. 

This is probably a distinct species, but possibly may belong to M. bennetti. 

3 . JSG-OTHELES. 
651 
(1875); Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. x. p. 310 (1877); id. Orn. 
Papuas. i. p. 525 (1880); Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, 

iii. p. 264 (1878), iv. pp. 88, 97 (1879) ; Sharpe, Jour. Linn. Soc, 
Zool. xvi.p. 430. 
Adult, Above deep blackish brown, nearly black in freshly-
moulted specimens, top of the head uniform, with two greyish 
mottled portions laterally, and two mostly indistinct crescents on the 
hinder part of head and neck; back, rump, upper wing-coverts, and 
upper tail-coverts mottled with irregular bars of greyish white; 
primaries dusky, outer webs spotted with pale brownish grey; tail 
dusky black, with not more than ten whitish mottled bars ; throat, 
chin, and breast grey, indistinctly barred and mottled with blackish 
brQwn, becoming more or less uniform towards the lower abdomen 
and under tail-coverts: bill dusky, feet pale. Total length nearly 
9 inches, wing 4*8, tail 5-4, tarsus 0*8. 

Hob. South-eastern parts of New Guinea. 

a. Ad. sk. S.E. New Guinea, April. Gould Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. S.E. New Guinea (Goldie). Tweeddale Coll. 
c. 
Ad. sk. S.E. New Guinea. H. 0. Forbes, Esq. 
[C.]. 
d. e. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts. A. Goldie [0.1 
/ . Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts. Hon. H. Romilly [P.]. 
ff, h. Ad. sk. Port Moresby. A. Goldie [0.]. 
10. JEgotheles novse-hollandise. 
Caprimulgus nova3~kollandia3, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p. 588 (1790) ; id. 
Gen. Syn. Suppl ii. p. 261 (1801); Steph. Gen. Zool x. p. 170 
(1817) ; Vieill Nouv. Diet x. p. 234; id. Enc. M&th. p. 537 
(1823); Less. Trotted Orn. p. 265 (1831); Thienem. Eortpfi, ges. 
yog. pi. xlii. fig. 22 (1854; eggs); Koenig-Warth. J.f.O. 1868, 

p. 383 (nidification). 
Banded Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. ii. p. 262, pi. 136 (1801); 
id. Gen, Mist. B. vii. p. 342, pi. cxv. (1823). 
Caprimulgus vittatus, Lath. Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. lviii (1801); Steph. 
Gen. Zool. x. p. 152 (1817); Vieill Nouv. Diet. x. p. 232 (1817); 
id. Enc. Mtth. p. 545 (1823). 

Caprimulgus cristatus, Shaiv in White's Voy. p. 241, pi. 29 (1790). 
JEgotheles cristatus, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 7 (1840). 
JEgotheles novae-hollandise, Vig. ty Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. Zool. 


p. 194 (1825) ; Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 81 (1849); Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 58 (1850); Gould, B. Austral, ii. pi. i.; id. JECandb. 
B. Austral, i. p. 79 (1865); Gray, Band-l i. p. 55 (1869); Pelz. 
Ibis, 1873, p. 107 ; Diggles, B. Austral, p. 17, pi. 17 (1877) ; North, 
Nests $ Eggs Austral. B. pi. xiv. fig. 11 (1890). 
Oegotheles novae-hollandise, Less. Tr. cPOrn. p. 263 (1831). 
iEgotheles australis, Stoains. Class. B. ii. p. 338 (1837), 
JEgotheles lunulatus, Jard. fy Selby, III Orn. pi. 149 (1839). 
JEgotheles leucogaster, Gould, P. Z. S. 1844, p. 106 (Port Essing


ton); Bp. Consp). i. p. 58 (1850); Gould, B. Astral, ii. pi. 2 ; id. 
Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 81 (1865); Gray, Hand4. i. p. 55 (1869). 

Adult. Top of the head deep brown, with two longitudinal stripes 

652 
PODARGIDJE. 

and two crescents on the hinder part whitish; back, rump, upper 
wing- and upper tail-coverts dusky, vermiculated with pale grey, 
each feather with some irregular bars; quills dusky, outer webs 
with pale grey margins and spots; tail dusky, with twelve or 
more whitish-grey bars, indistinct or absent on the inner webs of 
all but the central feathers ; sides of the head whitish, often tinged 
with rufous : lower parts whitish, vermiculated with dusky, more or 
less uniform towards the lower abdomen and lower tail-coverts; 
under wing-coverts whitish, more or less barred with dusky: bill 
dusky: feet brownish yellow (in skin). Total length about 8-5 
inches, wing 5 to 5-3, tail 4*8, tarsus 0*9. 

I cannot make out whether the female differs from the male or 
not, but the sexes are probably alike. Some specimens are darker, 
some paler, the characteristic markings of the head are often indistinct 
; in other specimens the pale parts of the head and breast are 
strongly tinged with rufous. As the rufous colour varies greatly, 
I am inclined to believe that it is independent of age and sex, and 
merely an individual character. 

The figures of JEgotheks novce-liollandice and the supposed JE« leu-
cog aster in Gould's * B. of Australia' are much exaggerated. 

Hab. Greater portion of Australia. 

a-g. Ad. sk. Australia. Gould & Tweeddale 
Colls. 
h-h. S ; I) m* ?
ad. sk. 
Australia. J. B. Elsey, Esq. [P.]. 
n, o. Ad. sk.
p, g, Ad. sk.
r, s. $ ad. sk.
t. Ad. sk. 
N.E. Australia. 
Queensland (J. T. Cockerell). 
Murray River, Oct. 
Moreton Bav. 
Sir T. Mitchell [P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sir G. Grey [P.]. 
Gould Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. New South Wales. Gould Coll. 
v. Ad.; w. Jad. sk. 
South Australia. Sir G. Grey [P.]. 
#, y. S sk.
z. Part of skeleSouth 
Australia. 
Australia. 
Tweeddale OolL 
Purchased. 
ton. 

11. JEgotheles savesi. 
iEgotheles 
savesi, Layard <§* Tristr. Ibis, 1881, p. 132, pi. iv.: 
Layardy Ibis, 1882, p. 502 (New Caledonia). 

Adult male. Above and below brownish black, undulated with 
white, or rather greyish white, each feather having several irregular 
transverse bars of whitish ; the bars are wider on the lower parts, 
and less numerous on the tail; inner webs of primaries uniform: 
feet brown, upper mandible deep brownish black (in skin). 
Total length about 12 inches, wing 6*4, tail 6*1, tarsus 1*2, middle 
toe with claw 1*3, cnlmen 0*6. 

(Description from the type and unique specimen in Canon Tristram's 
collection.) 
Hob. New Caledonia. 

STEATORKTITHIDiE. 

653 

Family STEATORNITHID^E. 

(By EBNST HAETERT.) 

The Gudcharos resemble the Podargidw in the desmognathous 
palate and many other respects, but they differ in so many important 
characters, that it becomes difficult to place them in the system. 
The plumage is not so soft as that of the Caprimulgidce and Podargidce. 
The bill resembles somewhat that of the Coraciidce; the 
number of rectrices is ten ; the form of the wing is more like that 
of a Coracias than that of a Caprimulgus, the third and fourth 
primary longest. Basipterygoid processes are present. The tarsus 
is naked and short, only about half as ]ong as the middle toe (cf. 

p. 
434). 
The nidification is singular. The eggs are said to be four in 
number, and are pure white. 
They inhabit caves, and are crepuscular in their habits. 

Range. Mountainous districts of northern and western parts of 
South America (Guiana to Peru). 

1. STEATOSIS. 
Type. 
Steatornis, Humboldt, Bull. Soe. Philom. Paris, sex 3, 


xvii. p. 295 (1810) 
S. caripensis. 
Range. That of the family. 

1. Steatornis caripensis. 
Caprimulgus 
sp., Humboldt, Journ. de PTiys. liii. p. 57 (1801); 
Humb. et Bonpland, Voy. aux B4g. JEquinoct Obs. Astron. i. 

p. 295 (1810) (Venezuela). 
Steatornis caripensis, Humboldt, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, s6r. 3, 
xvii. p. 295 (1810) (Venezuela). 
Trinidad Goatsucker, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. vii. p. 365 (1823) 
(Trinidad). 
Nyctibius steatornis, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiii. pt. 2, p. 91 (1825). 
Steatornis caripensis, Humb. et Bonpl. Rev. d'Obs. Zool. ii. p. 141, 

pi. 44 (1833); HHerminier, Nouv. Ann. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. Paris, 

iii. p. 321, pL 15 (1834) (Venezuela); id. Compt. Rendus, iii. p. 67 
(1836), vii. p. 474 (1838); Hautessier, Bev. Zool. i. p. 164 (1838); 
Mutt. Monatsbr. Berlin Ac. 1841, p. 172; id. Archiv f. Naturg. 
1842, p. 1; JDes Murs, Bev. Zool. vi. p. 33 (1843); id. Traite 
WOol. Orn. p. 260 (1860) ; Funch, Bull. Ac. B. Bruxelles, xi. 
pt. 2, p. 371 (1844) 5 Gray, Gen. Birds, i. p. 44 (1846) (Guadeloupe, 
errore !) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 57 (1850); Thienem. Fortpflam. 
ges. Vbg. pi. xlii. ftg. 24 (1854) (eggs fig.) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, 
p. 135 (Bogota), 1866, pp. 125, 130, 145, 1868, p. 73 {egg), 
1869, p. 467; Blanchard, Ann. ScL Nat. ser. 4, xi. p. 105, pi. iv. 
tig. 30 (1859) (anatom.); Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iii. p. 95 
(I860); Taylor, Ibis, 1864, p. 88 (Trinidad); LSotatid, Ois. 
654 
STEAT0RNITHEDJ3. 

Trinidad, p. G5 (1866); Eoemg-Warih. J.f.O.1868, p. 384 (esrpr); 
Scl. et Salv. P. Z. 8 1868, p. 165, 1870, p. 779 (Merida). I87S, 

p. 139 (Catamarca), 1879, p. 532 (Antioquia) ; Goering, Vargcma, 
i. p. 124 (1869); Gray, Kand-l. i. p. 55 (1869) ; Garrod, P. Z. S. 
1873, pp. 463, 526, 630 (anatom.); Murie, Ibis. 1873, p. j31; 
Broivn, Canoe fy Camp Life in Brit. Guiana, p. 35t5 (1876) ; 
Taczan. P. Z. S. 1880, p. '208, 1882, p. 40; id. Or a. Perm, I. 
p 200 (1884); Stokmann, Bull 8oc. Zooi. Frame, v. p. 193 
(1880); Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 439; ScL Ibis, 1890, p. 335. 
Steatornis caripensis peruvianus, Taczan. P. Z. S. Ibb5, p. 106. 

Adult. Upper surface chestnut; head and neck with small trian


gular white spots ; back, rump, scapulars, and secondaries with 

darker and paler 
cross-bars ; the median upper wing-coverts with 

large rounded white spots, bordered by a black ring: some white 

spots on the lateral upper tail-coverts; shafts and inner webs of 

the primaries dark brown, lighter towards their 
tips; outer webs 

chestnut with white spots, bordered laterally with dark brown; 

rectrices chestnut, with narrow black bars and vermieulations ; 

lower surface pale chestnut, generally more or 
less greyish, and 

with two, or sometimes three, more or less distinctly rhomboid 

white spots surrounded with black on each feather. 

These birds vary greatly in size and depth of colour, but T cannot 

make out any local races or sexual differences. Small specimens 

occur elsewhere than in Peru. 

Total length about 17 to 20 inches, wing 11-5 to 12*5, tail s to 
to 8-8, tarsus 0-6 to 0*7, culmen 1*2 to 1*4


Hab. Venezuela, Trinidad, Guiana, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. 

Gray erroneously 
gave the island of Guadeloupe as one of the 

localities inhabited by the Guacharo. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. S. America. Tweeddale Coll. 
d,e,f. Ad.sk. Trinidad. Sclater Coll. 

g. 
Ad. st. Trinidad. Hon. Arthur Gordon 
[P.". 
h. Ad. sk. Trinidad. 
Urs. Wrisht rP.~. 
i, h. Ad. sk. Eoraima, Oct., Nov. (S. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitely). 

I. $ ad. sk. Bogota (G. Crmcther). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m. § sk. Santa Helena, Colombia (T. Salvin-Giidman Coll. 
K. Salmon), 
n 
Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (C. Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley), 

o. c? (ad.) sk. Ninabamba, Peru (Taczanowskt). Sclater Coll. 
ADDENDA. 

•Page 1S* 1DPuPa
Add :— somalensis. 
Upupa somalensis, Salv. Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1891, vii. p. 374. 


A^d; **a£e ^- Scoptelus notatus. 

Scoptelus notatus, Salv. Ann.fyMag. JSf. K. 1891, vii. p. 375. 

TROCHILL 

The following additions have been made to the collection of 
Humming-birds since the sheets relating to that Suborder were 
printed off in May 1891. 

Add:— -^a&e ^' Heliothrix barroti. 

q', r'. <$ ad. sk. La Libertad, Ohontales, Nicar- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
agua, Jan. (W. B. Ilichardson). 


Add: Page 39. Hemlstephania ludovicise. 

r, s, t. $ ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, 8500-9000 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ft. (21 H. Wheeler). 

u. $ ad. sk. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{T.H. W.). 
Add : Page 40. Hemistephania johannse. 

x~a\ $ ad.; V— Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
<?'. ? ad. sk. (T. H. Wheeler). 

Add: Page 41. Glaucis hirsuta. 

ip-ie. Ad.; X-o. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv. sk. (T. JET. Wheeler). 

Add •—

o>, a', rf ad.; 0'.
S iuv. sk.
y'. J iu?.; 8'.

5 ad. sk.
«'. S ad.; C, t]'.
9 ad.sk.
& 3 ad. sk

j^^ .

0. ($ juv. sk.
^^.

ADDENDA. 

Pa£e 4(5

- CMorostilDOE caniyeti. 
V. de San Miguel, 
Salvador, 
Marcli ( W. B. Richardson). 
La Libertad, Salvador, Feb.

 (W. B. B.). 
Chinandega, Nicaragua, May 
(W.B.R.). 

 El Volcan, Chinandega, April

(W. B. JR.). 
Salvin-Godman CoU. 
Salvin-Godman CoU. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Page 67. Microcliera parvirostris. 
Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Mchardson). 
Page 69. PanycHora poortmainiL 
f-rr. S ad.; &', Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t\ 3 juv.; u', (T. H. Wheeler), 
v'. $ ad. sk. 


Add: ^aSe 70. PanycMora eucMoris. 

/, g. <$ ad.; h, Environs of Bogota, 8500- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I J ad, sk. 9000 feet (T. S. Wheeler). 

Add: ^aSe 71. PanycHora micans. 

Panychlora micans; Salv. Ann. <§• Mag. JVr. £T. 1891, vii p. 375. 

Add: ^a£e 72- Eapkerusa ezimia. 

s. 
J ad.; t. § Matagalpa, Nicaragua, July, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. Aug. (W. B. Mchardson), 
Add: ^a8e 79. Thalurania columMca. 

1. 
tf ad.; K, X. Eusagasuga, Colombia (T. K. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Wheeler). 
fi-o. 3 ad.; 7T, Llanos of R Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

p. 
tf juv.; cr, (T. JEC. W.). 
r. J ad. sk. 
v-yfr. 
£ ad. sk. La Libertad, Cbontales, Nicar- Salvin-Godman CoU. 
agua, Jan, ( W. B. Richard


Pa£e

Add:— 8& Hypuroptila caernleiventris. 

l-p. <$ ad.; q, r. Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2 ad. sk. (21 JT. Wheeler). 

ADDDNDA. 
057 

^J J . Page 92. Lampornis violicauda. 

s'-v'. d ad.; 10% Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
x'. 3 juv.j y', (Z1--2"-Wheeler). 
z',a".$ ad.sk. 

^y^. Pago 107. Petasopliora iolata. 

m\ n\ o\ c? ad. Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
sk. 8500-9000 ft. (T. H. 
Wheeler). 

Page 109. Petasopliora tlialassiua. 

Add:— 
/'. Juv. sk. Toliman, Guatemala, Dec, ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
JB. Mchardsori). 

^d. Hage 110. Petasopliora cyaiiotis. 

n\ o\ pf. Ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8500-9000 ft. (T. H. 
Wheeler), 

y'-t'. Ad. sk. Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
1 (T. JET. W.). 

^fl, Page 111. Petasopliora delpkkse. 

h', i'. Ad. sk. Fusagasuga, Colombia (T. M. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Wheeler). 

f-W. Ad. sk. Llanos of E. Meta. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Add:— Page 113. C&rysolampis moscMtus. 
d'-q\ <$ ad. sk. Prado in Tolima, Colombia Salvin-Godman ColL 

(T.M. Wheeler). 
h\ 
i'. <$ ad.; j\ Llanos of E. Meta. Colombia Salvin-Godman ColL 
h\ rf juv.; J, (T.JS. W.). 

ri. $ ad.sk. Aunai, Brit. Guiana, July (H. Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
Whitely). 

</, 2 ad. sk. Ourumee, Brit. Guiana, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(jar. r.). 

Page 117. For 52. AKIAHA read 52. ARINIA. 
„ For 63. HELIOPEDICA read 63. BASILICA . 

^^ . Page 118. Pterophaues temmincML 

cf, d\ Ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman ColL 
8500-9000 ft. (T. M. 
Wheeler). 

VOL. XVI. 
2 IT 

658 
ADDENDA. 

^ dd . Page 124. Helianthea typica. 

«,ucJad.; ^ Gacheta, Colombia, (T. H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
#. $ ad. sk. Wheeler). 

j^^ , Page 124. Helianthea bonapartii. 

q, r, s. cS ad.; Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t, u, v. $ ad. 8500-9000 ft. (T. H. 
sk. Wheeler). 


^ ^ . Page 130. Bourcieria torqiiata. 

y-a? Ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia^ Salviu-Gudman Coll. 
8500-9000 ft. (21 H. 
Wheeler). 


Page 135, Lampropygia Columbiana. 

Add:— 

p. 
Ad. sk. Fusaorasuga, Colombia {T. IL Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
Wheeler). 
a. Ad. sk. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Cull 
(T.E. jr.). 
^ft. Page 137, Cyaaolesbia gorgo. 

c'-f. <$ ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvhi-Gudmau Cull. 
8500-9000 ft. (71 IT. 

Wheeler). 

These adult males all belong to the form which km the central 
rectriees more or less glittering green. 

^aa. Page 146. Lesbia victoriae. 

a'~er, $ ad.; /' . d Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Saivla-Goclman Coll. 
juv.;/. $ ad. 8500-9000 ft. (21 H. 
sk. Wheeler). 

Add. Page 149. lesbia gonliL 

H-k\ d1 ad. j V. $ Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coi . 
ad.sk. 8500-9000 ft (21 JET, 

Wheeler). 

Add; ^aS° 152» Metallnra tyziasthina. 

t/-V. <J ad.; x\ Environs of Bogota* Colombia, Salvin-Godman CoIL 
djuv.sk. 8500-9000 ft. (71 J5T. 

Wheeler). 

ADDENDA. 659 

Add. Pago 156. Eustephanus galeritus. 

r-y. <S ad.; z-d'. Central Chili. II. Berkeley James 
$ ad. sk.
e'. 2 ad. sk.
/' . £ ad. sk.
g\ S ad. sk. 
Corral, Chili, Oct. 
Maquhua, Chili, Aug. 
La Posada, Chili, July. 
[P.]. 
H. Berkeley[P.]. 
H. Berkeley[P.]. 
H. Berkeley[P.]. 
James 
James 
James 

Add. Page 157. Eustephanus fernandensis. 

io-b'. <$ ad.; c'9 d'. Juan Fernandez I. H. Berkeley James 
$ ad. sk. [P.]. 

Add: Page 160. Heliangelus clarissse. 

s. <5 ad. sk'. Gacheta, Colombia (T. H. Wheeler). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
^a&e 16 ^

^d : Heliangelus laticlavius. 
Heliangelus laticlavius, Salv, Ann.fy Mag. N. H. 1891, vii. p. 376, 

Add:— Page 162. Heliangelus violicollis. 
Heliangelus violicollis, Salv. Ann. fy Mag. 2V. H. 1891, vii. p. 376. 

Add. Page 165. Heliotrypha exortis. 

i'-k'. tfad.; V. $ Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
juv.; ml n'. $ 8500-9000 ft. (T. H. Wheeler). 
ad. sk. 

Add: ^a£e 167. Heliotrypha speciosa. 
Heliotrypha speciosa, Salv. Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1891, vii. p. 376. 

Add: Page 169. Adelomyia melanogenys. 

a'-d\ Ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8500-9000 ft. {T.K. Wheeler). 

Add: ^ aS e 174. Polytmus thaumantias. 
y, z. Ad. sk. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. H. Wheeler). 
PaSe 180

Add:- Agyrtria niveipectus. 

)~l. <$ ad. sk. Aunai, Brit. Guiana, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Jff. Whitelg). 
m, n. <j> ad. sk. Quonga, Brit. Guiana, Sept., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. (JET. W.). 
2TJ2 

660 
ADDENDA. 

Pa&e 182'

Add:-— 
Agyrtria milleri. 

m-s, d1 ad.; t-x. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (T. H. Wheeler). 

Page 189. Agyrtria apicalis. 

Add:— 
q~t. Ad. sk. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. JT. Wheeler). 
^S 6 190a

Add:— 
-Agyrtria Candida. 

5'. J ad. sk. Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Richardson). 
c\ d'. S ad.; e'. $ La Libertad, Chontales, Salvin-Godman Coll, 
ad. sk. Nicaragua, Jan. (W.B.R.). 
/' . 2 ad. sk. Santo Domingo, Chontales, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Jan. {W.B.R.). 

Add: -^a£e 198. CJyanomyia guateinale&sis. 

r.^ad.sk . Panajachel, Guatemala, Dec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Richardson), 
s-u. 
<$ ad.; v-x. $ Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. to Oct (W.B.R.). 

^a&e 19 ^

Add: 
- Cyanomyia francise. 

o-q. S ad. sk. Fusagasuga, Colombia (T. JS. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Wheeler). 


Add: Pa&e ^07. Amazilia cinaamomea. 

bK <$; e3. $ ad.sk. Retallraleu, Guatemala, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Richardson). 
d*-h3. S ad. sk. La Libertad, Salvador, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W. B. JR.). 
iz- 6; f» ? ad. sk. Chinandega, Nicaragua, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.R.). 
k2,13. <$ ; m*. $ El Volcan, Cliinandega, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. (W.B.R.). 
n2. c? ad. sk. Momotombo, Nicaragua, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.R.). 

Add: ^ a ^ e 211. Amazilia devillii 

n-$. (S; t-v. J ad. La Libertad, Salvador, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. (W.B.R.). 
w-c'. S ad. sk. Volcan de San Miguel, Sal- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
vador, Marcb; April (W.B.R.). 

ADDENDA. 

661 

Add: ^a^e 212. Amazilia cyanura. 

r, s. <$; t $ ad. sk. Retalhuleu, Guatemala, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll, 

(W. B. Bichardson), 
u,v. £', w9 x. J El Volcan Chinandega, Nicar- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. agua, April (W. B. JR.). 
y, 
z, a'. S ad. sk. Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W, B. Richardson). 

Add: £age 213. Amazilia sumichrasti. 

Amazilia sumichrasti, Salv. Ann, # Mag. N, H. 1891, vii. p. 376. 

Add: ^a&e 215. Amazilia lawrencii ? 

a-h. Ad. sk. Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(2*. JEL. Wheeler), 

These specimens all have a more chestnut-coloured tail than 

A. viridiventris and the under tail-coverts are cinnamon. I refer 
them at present to A. lawrencii, but they should be compared with 
authentic specimens of that bird to prove the correctness of this 
determination. 
Add: ^ aS e 21*>. Amazilia riefferi. 

y", z", a3. $ ad.; Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b'\ c3. 5 ad. sk. (W. B. BichardBon). 
ds-f2. $ ad. sk. La Libertad, Chontales, Nicar- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
agua, Jan. (W. B. B). 

PaSe 219 -^mazilia

Add:—- viridiventris. 
j-a\ Ad. sk. Llanos of It. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. H. Wheeler), 
j^ . Page 229. Floricola longirostris. 

n". <$ ad. sk. Ketalhuleu, Guatemala, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

( W. B. Bichardson). 
o" 8 ad ; p", q"* La Libertad, Salvador; Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
>juv.*sk. (W.B.B.). 
r" c? ad. sk. V. de San Miguel, Salvador, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
March (W.B.B.). 
s"~w" 
8 ad.: x", Llanos of K. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
y". <J juv.; z", (T. H. Wheeler), 
a?, $ ad.sk. 

 Page 231a

Add •— Moricola constanti. 

j~n. S ad.; o-r. La Libertad, Salvador, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
S juv,; 8. 2 ( W. B. Richardson). 
ad. sk. 

662 
ADDENDA. 

t, u. 3 ad.; v. J Volcan de San Miguel, Sal- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. vador, March, April (W. 

B. R.). 
w, x. tf ad.; y9 Momotombo, Nicaragua, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z. tfjuv.sk. (W.B.R.). 
af. <$ iuv. sk. Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.R.). 

Pa&e 2^8*

Add:— 
P°tyera*a decora. 

Polyerata decora, Sah. Ann. 8? Mag. A7. H. 1891, vii. p. 377. 

Add:

f-k'. $ ad.; I'p'. 
$ ad. sk.

Add:—

p, q. <? ad.; r, s,
*. $ ad. sk.

u. <tf ad. sk.
v. J ad. sk.
Add:

 Pa&e 24&

 Ckrysiironia cenone. 

 Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. E. Wheeler). 
^age 251. Chrysuronia elicise. 

 La Libertad, Salvador, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

( W. B. Richardson), 
La Libertad, Ckontales, Nicar- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
agua, Jan. ( W, B. JR.). 
Santo 
Domingo, Chontales, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (W. B. 22.). 

^ a ^ e 252. Basilinna leucotis. 

w3-/4. Sk. Matagalpa, Nicaragua, June- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Oct. ( W. B: Richardsoti). 

Add: Pa&e 261. Eutoxeres aquila. 

g, h. Ad. sk. Eusagasuga, Colombia, May Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. H. Wheeler), 
i, j. Ad. sk. Medina, Llanos of R. Meta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Colombia (T. BC. W.). 

Add: Page 265. Tkrenetes cervinicauda. 

l-o. Ad. j p-v. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv.sk. (T.JS. Wheeler). 

Add: Pk£e 263. Piaettornis emilise. 


c'. <$ ad.; df, e. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv. sk. (T. JET. Wheeler). 

Add: Pa&e 270. Phaethornis superciliosus. 

q'. Ad.; r'-w'. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Juv. sk. (T. JET. Wheeler). 

ADDENDA. 
663 

j^ . Page 272. Phaethornis longirostris. 

<7; , h'. $ ad.; i'.
5 ad. sk.
f, k'j I', c? ad.;
m', ri. $ ad. 
Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Aug., 
Sept. (W. B. Richardson), 
Santo Domingo, Nicaragua, 
Jan. (W. B. 22.). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
sk. 

^&. Page 273. Phaethornis hispidus. 

n, o. Ad.; p-v. Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Juv. sk. (T. E. Wheeler). 

Page 277. Add:— 

11 a. Phaethornis rupuriunii. 

Phaethornis rupurumii, Boucard, The Humming Bird, ii. p. 1 
(Jan. 1892). 

Upper surface golden green, crown dark brown, upper tail-
coverts edged with, rufous ; under surface grey; throat black, each 
feather edged with pale fawn-colour; superciliary and malar 
stripes pale fawn-colour; ear-coverts black; central rectrices dull 
green, passing into white at the tips, rest darker and tipped with 
white; under tail-coverts white: bill black, basal half of the 
mandible yellow. Total length about 4*3 inches, wing 1*7 ,* tail central 
rectrices 1*75, lateral 0-8; bill 1*05. 

HaK British Guiana. 

A distinct species, of about the size of P. squalidus, from which it 
differs not only by its greyer under surface, but by the different 
graduation of the rectrices, the middle pair being only *4 inch 
longer than the next pair, instead of *8 inch. 

a, b. $ ad. sk. Eupurumi E., Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll 
March, April {H. Whitely). 

^£ . Page 280. Pygmornis griseigularis. 

t-e'. Ad, sk. Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. K Wheeler). 
^a . Page 282. Pygmornis adolphi. 

u. 
Ad. sk. La Libertad, Ohontales, Nicar- .Salvin-Godman Coll. 
agua, Jan. (W. B. Richardson). 
Add:— •PaSe 284. Pygmornis episcopus. 

I. 
$ acL sk. Aunai, Brit. Guiana, Feb. (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitely). 
664 ADDENDA. 

PaSe 291

Add:—- Campylopterus liemileiiciims. 

y'. 3 ad. sk.

z\ 9 ad. sk.

Add:— 
s, t. tf ad. sk.

u, v, w. 3 ad.;

x. 3 juv.; y.
$ ad. sk. 
Add:

m. 3 ad. sk.
Add:

 Volcan de San Miguel, Sal- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
vador, April (W. B. Richardson). 


 Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Sept. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W.B.R.). 

Page 292. Campylopterus lazulus. 

 Environs of Bogota, 8500- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
9000 ft. (T.S. Wheeler), 
Llanos of K. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T.S. IF.). 
TsLge29L Campylopterusrufas. 

 Volcan de San Miguel, Sal- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
vador, March (W. B. Richardson). 


?a&e

 ^08. Oreopyra pectoralis. 

Oreopyra pectoralis, Salv. Ann. <§• May. N. JET. 1891, vii p. 377. 

Add:— Page 310. Belattria viridipallens. 

x. 3 ad. sk. Tollman, Guatemala, Dec. ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
B. Richardson). 
Page 310. Add :— 

Sa. Belattria syMlas. 

Belattria sybillfe, Salv. §• Qodm. Ibis, 1892, p. 327. 

Similar to D. vvridipaJlens, but with the breast and flanks pale 
shining green like the throat and not white - under tail-coverts and 
tail pale grey; lower back green without coppery tinge. Total 
length about 4*5 inches, wing 2*6; tail—middle rectrices 1*3, 
lateral 1*7. 

Hah. Nicaragua. 

a~f. 3 ad. sk,

Add:
zr-c'. 3 ad. sk.

Add:-—
n'. 3 juv. ?k.

 Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Richardson). (Types of the species.) 
^age 315- Docimastes eusifems. 

 Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8500-9000 ft. (T. H. 
Wheeler), 

 Page 317. Heliodoxa leadfceateri. 

 Llanos of R Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. M. Wheeler), 
ADDENDA. 
665 

Add: Page 319. Heliodoxa jacula. 

y, z. 8 ad.: a\ $ Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman OolL 
ad. sk. (T. H. Wheeler). 

Pa&e

Add: 3%5* PliaeolaBma cervmigtxlaris. 

Phseolsema cemnigularis, Salv. Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1891, vii. 

p. 877. 
?a&e

Add: 326. Lafresnaya flavicaudata. 

q-s. $ ad. j t, u. Environs of Bogota, Colombia, SaTvin-Godman Coll. 
8 juv.; v, w. 8500-9000ft. (T.H. Wheeler). 
$ ad. sk. 

Add: Page 329. Florisuga mellivora. 

8"~v". <? ad.; Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
w", x". Jjuv.; (T. m Wheeler). 
&",z",a\ <? 
ad. sk. 

63-£3. 3 ad.; La Libertad, Chontales, M- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f3. $ ad. sk. caragua, Jan. (W. B. 
Richardson), 

(f. 
J ad. sk. • Santo Domingo, Chontales, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W.B.B.). 
^^ : Page 336. OreotrocMltis leucopleurus. 

s, t. <Jad.,- u. S Central Chili. H. Berkeley James [P.]. 
juv.; v-x.
ad. sk. 
2 
y, z. $ ad. sk. Prov. Tarapaca, Chili. H. Berkeley James [P.], 

A&j. Page 340. Oxypogon guerrai. 

o-r. <$ ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8500-9000ft. {T. H. Wheeler). 

£££. Page 342. Ehamphomicron microrhyuclium. 

b'. r?ad.; c'. 2 Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 8500-9000 ft. (T. II. Wheeler). 

Pa£e

Add:— ^' ^amphomicron heteropogon. 

a, r. S ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

* 8500-9000 ft. (T. II Wheeler). 
666 ADDENDA. 

Pa&e 348,

Add:— Patagonia gigas. 
v-x. Add,; y,%. Juv. sk. Central Chili. H. Berkeley James [P.] 

Add •—

v v S ad.; a.
' ' Juv. sk.

Add •—

y. § ad.sk.
h I 6 Hiv. sk.

Add:—

j'-l\ $ ad.;
m'. $ juv.
sk. '

n'-p'. (S juv.;
q'. $ad.sk.

Add:-—

v-y. S ad.:
z-a'. $ ad.
sk. 

Ada:

 J?a^e 35(}*

 Agl&actis cupreipennis. 

 Environs of Bogota, Colombia, 
8500-9000 ft. (T. H. Wheeler). 

 1>age 358,

 ^eillia tyPicaTollman, 
Guatemala, Dee. (W.

B. Richardson), 
Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Sept.

(W.B. JR.). 
Page 359. Klais guimeti. 

 La Libertad, Ohontales, Ni


 cara^ua, Jan. (W. B. 

Richardson), 

 Llanos of E. Meta, Colombia

 (T.H. Wheeler). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


 Salyin-Godman Coll. 
Sal vin-Godman Coll. 


 Page 363. Eriocxtemis vestita. 

 Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8500-9000 ft. (T.H. Wheeler). 

 Page 364. Eriocnemis ventralis. 

Eriocnemis ventralis, Salv. Ann. $• Mag. N. H. 1891, vii. p. 378. 

Add: Page 367. Eriocnemis cupreiventris. 
r-t 6 ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia,
8500-9000 ft. (T. H. Wheeler). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Add:—^ 
e 3 ^ Eriocnemis 
anreliae. 
s. Ad. sk. Fusagasuga, Colombia (T. H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Wheeler), 
t-v. Ad. sk. Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Z H. W.). 
Add:— Pa&e 374. Panoplites flavescens. 
z~e\ Ad. sk. Environs of Bogota, Colombia,
8500-9000 ft. (T. H. Wheeler). 
Salvin-Godman Coll 

ADDENDA. 667 
Add . Page 375. Spatlrara "underwoodi. 
e'-h'. $ ad.; Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i',f. <$ juv.; 8500-9000 ft. (T. H. Wheeler), 
k% l\ ? ad. sk. 

Add:

r. S ad. sk.
s-u. J ad. sk.

Add:

u', c?ad.; i>'. 2ad. sk.

Add:

f3, g5. $ juv.;
h5~j5. 2 ad.
sk. 

k5 

. 
$ ad. sk.

Add:
s'. J ad. sir.

f. $ ad. sk.
u'. (S juv. sk.

Add •
b'~d'. 3 ad. sk.

#',/'• 6 ad. sk.

a'-f. $ ad. sk.

Add:

y. <$ ad. sk.
Add:

o. $ ad. sk. 
^ aS e 381. Doricha enicura. 

 Panajachel, Guatemala, Dec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Richardson). 
Atitlan, 
Guatemala, Dec. (W. 
B, R.). 


^a&e 385. Tilmatura duponti. 

 Matagalpa, Nicaragua, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Richardson). 
Pa^e

- 399- TrocHlns colubris. 
Panajachel, Guatemala, Dec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W. B. Richardson). 
La Libertad, Salvador, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W.B.R.). 

^a&e 406. Acestrura mulsanti. 

 Fusagasuga, Colombia (T. H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Wheeler), 

 Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8500-9000 ft. (T. S. 
Wheeler), 

 Llanos of R. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T.H. W.). 
^a&e 4 ^ . Acestrura heliodori. 

 Environs of Bogota, Colombia, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8500-9000ft. (T. M.Wheeler). 
Fusagasuga, Colombia (T. H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Wheeler), 

 Llanos of B. Meta, Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(T. m W.). 
?a^e 412 

- 
AttMs ellioti. 
Atitlan, Guatemala, Dec. (W. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

B. Richardson). 
Pa&e

 420* Lophornis ornatus. 

 Ourumee, Brit.Guiana, Oct. (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitely). 

668 ADDENDA. 

Page 423. Eophornis delattrii.

Add :— 
v, w. <$ ad. sk. Prado in Tolima, Colombia (T. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

H. Wheeler). 
PaSe

Add:— ^^-^op^o^is stictolophus. 
p-t, cfad.; u~Medina 
MedinaMedina,
,, Llano 
LlanoLlanos
ss o 
oof
ff R 
RR.
.. Meta 
MetaMeta, 
,, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

m. <? juv. ; Colombia (T. H. Wheeler), 
y} z. Juv. sk. 
Page 427. Lophornis verreauxi.

Add:— 

q-z. <$ ad.; a'-c' Medina, Llanos of R. Meta, Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
c?juv.; d'}e'. Colombia (T. S. Wheeler). 
Sad.;/,^. 

Juv. sk. 

Add._ Page 428. Prymnacantha popelairii. 

o-u. cS ad. sk. Medina, Llanos of R. Meta, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Colombia (T. M. Wheeler). 

The following species have been described as new by IT. Boucard 
in "The Hamming Bird, A Monthly Scientific, Artistic, and 
Industrial Review," vol. i. 1891:— 

Phaethomis goimellei, p. 17. Brazil. 
„ columftimius, p. 17. Colombia. 
„ guianensis, p. 17. Demerara. 
„ whitelyi, p. 18. Roraima. 
Aphantochroa alexandri, p. 18. Demerara. 
Florisuga sallei. p. 18. S. Mexico. 
Eustephanus burtoni, p. 18. Chili. 
Lafresnaya dnereorufa, p. 25. Colombia. 
Heliangelus "henr%Q%i p. 26. Ecuador. 
Bellona superba^ p. 43. St. Vincent. 
Lesbia boliviana, p. 43. Bolivia. 
OallipMocG roraimce, p. 52. Brit. Guiana, 
Hylocharis guianensis, p. 52. Brit. Guiana. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 


abeillei (Adelomyia), 

358. 
abeillei (Baucis), 35S. 
abeillei (Ornisinya), 
358. 
abeillei (Khauiphornicron), 
358. 
abeillei (Trochilus), 

358. 
Abeillia, 259, 358. 
abnormis (Aruetrornis), 
279. 
abyssinicus (Gypselus), 
452,454. 
Acanthylis, 470. 
Acanthyllis, 472. 
accrue (Capriniulgus), 

564. 
Acestrura, 406. 
Acestura, 260, 406. 
acuta (Hirundo), 486. 
acutieauda (Gypselus), 
445. 
acutieauda (Hirundinapus), 
473. 
acutieauda (Micropus), 

443. 
acuticauclus (Chlorostilbon), 
71. 
acutipennis (Caprimulgus), 
614. 
acutipennis (Chordeiles), 
609, 614. 
acutipennis texensis 
(Chordeiles), 616. 
acutus (Gaprimulgus), 

614. 
acutus (Chordeiles), 614, 
616. 
acutus (Gypselus), 485. 
addas (Hirnalia), 378. 
addse (Spathura), 375, 
378. 
addie (Steganura), 378. 
addsc (Trochilus), 378. 
adela (Oreotrochilus), 
334,337. 
adela (Ortborbynchus), 

adela (Trochilus), 337. 
Adelisca, 169. 
Adelomyia, 116, 169. 
adolphi (Phaethomis), 

282. 
adolphi (Pygmornis), 
280, 282, 663. 
adolphi (Pygornis), 

282. 
adorabilis (Dialia), 425. 
adorabilis (Lophomis), 
420,425. 
adspersus (Batrachosto


mus), 641. 
iEgotheles, 646. 
MgothelinsQ, 629, 645. 
ssgyptius (Gaprimulgus), 

522, 530, 562. 
aneicauda (Aglasactis), 

152. 
asneicauda (Chalybura), 
88. 
seneicauda (Mellisuga), 
152. 
Eeneicauda (Metallura), 
150,152. 
seneicauda (Trochilus), 

152. 
seneicauda (Urolanipra), 
152. 
seneotincta (Adelomyia), 
169,171. 
seneus (G-laucis), 42. 
asquatorialis (Aglseactis), 

350. 
sequatorialis (Androdon), 
37,38. 
sequatorialis 
(Campylopterus), 
290. 

sequatorialis (Gypselus), 

441. 
sequatorialis (Grypus), 
38. 
asquatorialis (lolasma), 
325. 
sequatorialis (Micropus), 
437,443. 
sequatorialis (Phseolsema), 
324, 325. 
asquatorialis (Polytmus), 
38, 290. 
asquatorialis (Trochilus), 

350. 
asquicaudata (Stenopsis), 
586. 
jequieaudatus (Antrostomus), 
586. 
Aeronautes, 459. 
sethereus (Gaprimulgus), 

627. 
aathereus (JSTyctibius), 
623, 627. 
affinis (iEgotheles), 

649. 
affinis (Agyrtria), 179, 
185. 
affinis (Batrachostonius), 
637, 643. 
affinis (Caprimulgus), 
522, 525, 549. 
affinis (Oollocalia), 508. 
affinis (Gypselus), 452, 

453,456. 
affinis (Erioenemis), 

371. 
affinis (Glaucis), 42. 
affinis (Micropus), 438, 
453,454. 
affinis (Nyctidromus), 

587. 
affinis (Phaetornis), 
270. 
affinis (Podargus), 642, 
affinis (Polytnius), 185. 
affiuis (Trochilus), 185. 
africana (Upupa), 4, 6, 

14. 
africanus (Caprimulgus), 
534. 
africanus (Macrodipteryx), 
594. 
africanus (Micropus), 
437,440. 
Agaclyta, 14(1 
Agapeta, 297. 
Aglseactis, 258,349. 
aglaia) (Amazilius), 216. 
aglaise (Hemithylaca), 

216. 
aglaias (Saucerottia), 
216. 
aglaias (Trochilus), 216. 
Agyrtria, 117,178. 
Aithurus, 29, 64. 
albertisi (jEgotheles), 
646,648. 
albicauda (Stenopsis), 


583. 
albicincta (Chsetura), 
478. 
albicincta (Hemiprocne), 
478. 
albicollis (Acanthylis), 
477. 
albicollis (Agyrtria), 178. 
albicollis (Caprimulgus), 
587. 
albicollis (Hirundo), 476. 
albicollis (Leucippus), 
178. 
albicollis (Leucochloris), 
178. 
albicollis (Nyctidronius), 
587, 591. 
albicollis (Ornismya), 

178. 
albicollis (Polyimus), 
178. 
albicollis (Tliaumantias), 
178. 
albicollis (Trochilus), 
178. 
albicrissa (Hordeola), 
228,230. 
albicrissa (Heliomaster), 

231. 
albifrons (Acanthiza), 
472. 
albifrons (Ohsetura), 
472. 
albigularis (Eurostopus), 
607. 
albirostris (Ornismya), 
181. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

albirostris (Trochilus), 

181. 
albiventris (Agyrtria), 
191. 
albiventris (Iieucochloris), 
191. 
albiventris (Ornismya), 

191. 
albiventris (Thaumasius), 
191. 
albiventris (Thaumatias), 
191. 
albiventris (Trochilus), 
191. 
albocoronata (Chrysolampis), 
66. 
albocoronata (Mellisuga), 
66. 
albocoronata (Microchera), 
66. 
albogularis (Caprimulgus), 
607, 60$. 
albogularis (Oolibri), 


178. 
albogularis (Petasophora), 
34. 
albogularis (Schistes), 
33, 34. 
albonotatus (Caprimulgus), 
540. 
albus (Trochilus). 92. 
alexandri (Archiloehus), 

402. 
alexandri (Ornismya), 
402. 
alexandri (Trochilus), 
399, 402. 
alexandria (Aphantochroa), 
298. 
alice (Ohlorestes), 70. 
alice (Smaragditis), 70. 
alicias (Chlorostilbon), 

70. 
alicias (Panvchlora), 68, 
70. 
alieise (Trochilus), 70. 
alinse (Eriocnemis), 361, 
363. 
alinse (Eriopus), 363. 
alinse (Hylocharis), 363. 
alince (Ornismya), 363. 
Ahne, 360. 
aline (Engyte), 363. 
allardi (Ornismya), 
152. 
allardi (Trochilus), 152. 
alleni (Agyrtria), 186. 
alleni (Selasphorus). 392, 
394. 
alleni (Trochilus), 394. 
Alosia, 572. 
alpina (Hirundo), 438. 

alpinus africanus (Oypse


lus), 440. 

alpinus (Cypselus), 439. 

alpinus (Micropus), 

438. 
alticola (Amazilia), 203, 
206. 
alticola (Amazilis), 206. 
alticola (Pyrrhophcena), 
206. 
auiabiiis (Damophila), 
237,238. 
amabilis (Hylocharis), 

237. 
amabilis (Juliamyia), 
237. 
amabilis (Polyerata), 
237. 
amabilis (Trochilus), 
237. 
amaryllis (Cvnanthus), 
146. 
amaryllis, gouldi (Lesbia), 
146. 
amaryllis (Lesbia), 146. 
amaryllis (Trochilus), 
146. 
Amatliusia, 380, 390. 
amaura (Phaethornis), 
281. 
amaura (Trochilus), 
28L 
amazili (Amazilis), 205. 
amazili (Ornismya), 

205. 
amazili (Orthorhynchus). 
205. 
amazili (Polytmus), 205. 
Amazilia, 117, 203. 
amazilia (Larnpomis), 
205. 
amazilia (Pyrrhopliama), 
205. 
amazilicula (Amazilia), 
205. 
Amazilis, 203. 
Amazilius, 203. 
Amblypterus, 592. 
ambrosiaca (Dendrochelidon), 
463. 
ambrosiaca (Hirundo), 

463. 
ambrosiacus (Cypselus), 
463,464. ^ ™ h 
ambrosiacus (Cypsiurus), 

463. 
americanus (Caprimulgus), 
592, 610. 
americanus 
(Chordeiles), 
592,610. 

americauus (Nyctidromus), 
58?. 
americanus (Siphonorhis), 
592. 
aniethysticollis (Anactoria), 
161. 
aniethysticollis (Heliangelus), 
159, 161. 
aniethysticollis (Mellisuga), 
161. 
aniethysticollis (Orthorhynchus), 
161. 
aniethysticollis (Peratus), 

161. 
aniethysticollis (Trochilus), 
161. 
amethystina (Anactoria), 

161. 
amethystina (Tryphsena), 
386. 
thys tinus (Am athusia), 
387. 
amethystinus (Calliphlox), 
386. 
amethystinus (Ornismya), 
386. 
amethystinus (Trochilus), 

386. 
amethystoides (Ainathusia), 
387. 
amethystoides (Oalliphlox), 
387. 
amethystoides (Onusmya), 
386. 
amethystoides (Trochilus), 
386. 
amethystoides (Tryphsena), 
38G. 
Ametrornis, 267. 
Anactoria, 159. 
anais (Colibri), 107. 
anais (Ornismya), 109, 

110. 
anais (Petasophora), 
107. 
anais (Polytmus), 107. 
anais (Praxilla), 107. 
anais (Rhamphodon), 
107,109. 
anchiett)3 (Ohsetura), 

492. 
andamanicus (Caprimulgus), 
523, 524, 543. # 
andecolus (Tachornis), 

457. 
andicola (Micropus), 438, 
457. 
andicolus (Oypselus), 
457. 
andinus (Oaprimulgus), 
585. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

Androdon, 29, 37. 
angehe (Calliperidia), 

angelas (Helio master), 

119. 
angelse (Ornismya), 
119. 
angelai (Ornithomyia), 
119. 
angels (Trochilus), 119. 
angustipennis (Chlorolampis), 
52. 
angustipennis (Oklorostilbon), 
45, 52, 53, 

54. 
angustipennis (Ohrysomirus), 
52. 
angustipennis (ETylocharis), 
52. 
angustipennis (Trochilus), 
52. 
Anisopterus, 267. 
anna (Atthis), 403, 

404. 
anna (Calliphlox), 403. 
anna (Ornismya), 403. 
anna (Selasphorus), 403. 
anna (Trochilus), 403. 
anna^ (Oalypte), 403. 
annse (Zephyritis), 404. 
anomalus (Amblypterus), 
593. 
anomalus (Eleothreptus), 
593. 
anomalus (Heleothreptus), 
593. 
Anthocephala, 116, 172. 
anthophilus (Phaethor


nis), 267, 274, 275. 
anthophilus (Trochilus), 

275. 
Anthracothorax, 91. 
antiqua (Erythronota), 
225. 
antonise (Aphantochroa), 
266. 
antonia) (Dnophera), 
266. 
antonise (G-laucis), 266. 
antonias (Lampornis), 
266. 
antonia (Polytmus), 
266. 
antonise (Threnetes), 
264,266. 
antonise (Trochilus), 

266. 
Antrostomus, 521. 
Aphantochroa, 256, 297. 
apicalis (Agyrtria), 180, 
189,660. 

apicalis (Leucochloris), 

189. 
apicalis (PliaeUiornis), 
269. 
apicalis (Thaumatias), 
189. 
apicalis (Trochilus), 
269. 
Apus, 437. 
apus (Oypselus), 442, 
444, 446, 447. 
apus (Hirundo), 442. 
apus (Micropus), 437, 

441,442. 
apus murinus (Micropus), 
446. 
apus niger (Oypselus), 

443. 
aquila (Eutoxeres), 261, 
662. 
aquila (Grypus), 261. 
aquila heterura (Eutoxeres), 
262. 
aquila (Myietina), 

261. 
aquila (Polytmus), 
261. 
aquila (Trochilus), 261, 
262. 
Archilochu3, 398. 
ardens (Selasphorus), 
392,398. 
arenarius (Oaprimulgus), 

561. 
arenicolor (Oaprimulgus), 
562. 
argus (Caprimulgus), 
608. 
argus (Eurostopus), 607, 
608. 
Ariana, 117, 203. 
Arinia, 193. 
arsennii (Ornismya), 
253. 
arsennii (Trochilus), 
253. 
arsinoe (Amazilia), 209, 
211 
arsinoe (Amazilius), 

209. 
arsinoe (Ornismya), 
209. 
arsinoe (Trochilus), 
209. 
arundinaceus (Oaprimulgus), 
549. 
asiaticus (Caprimulgus), 
523, 543, 558, 562. 
aspasise (Trochilus), 


281. 
Aspasta, 317. 
672 

asaimilis (Bourcieria), 

134. 
assimilis (Ohlorolampis), 
54. 
assimilis (Ohlorostilbon), 
45, 54. 
assimilis (Eriocnemis), 
362,371. 
assimilis (Lanapropygia), 
133,134. 
afcacamensis (JRhodopis), 
379,380. 
atacaniensis (Trochilus), 

380. 
atala (Chlorestesj, 55. 
atala (Ohlorolampis), 55. 
atala (Ohlorostilbon), 45, 
53, 55. 

atala (Chrysouiirus), 5b. 

atala (Hylocharis), 55. 

atala (Saucerotfcia), 55. 

atala (Trochilus), 55. 

ater (Trochilus), 321. 

aterrimus (Oypselus), 

443. 
aterrimus (Irrisor), 22, 
24. 
aterrimus (Prornerops), 
22. 
aterrimus (Scoptelus), 
21,22. 

atra (Elorisuga), 331. 

atra (Mellisuga), 331. 

atratus (Trochilus), £217 ^ 

atricapillus (Trochilus), 

93." 

atrimentalis (Phaethor


nis),281. 

atripennis (Caprimulgus), 
523, 524, 542. 
atrovarius (Caprimul


gus), 535. 
Atthis, 260, 411. 
audeberti (Hylocharis), 

242. 
audeberti (Ornismya), 
241. 
audeberti (Trochilus), 
241. 
audeneti (Lophornis), 
426. 
audeneti (Ornismya), 
426. 
audeneti (Trochilus), 
426. 
Augastes, 29, 35. 
augusti (Phaetbornis), 
268, 277 
augusti (Trochilus), 277, 
aurata (Panychlora), 

70. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

auratus (Lophornis), 

420. 
auratus (Trochilus), 103. 
aurea (Eriocnemis), 367. 
aureigaster (Trochilus), 
399. 
aureiventris (Ohlorestes), 
49. 
aureiventris (Ohlorostilbon), 
49. 
aureiventris (Hylocharis), 

49. 
aureiventris (Ornismya), 
49. 
aurelise (Eriocnemis), 
362, 370, 666. 
aureliae (Eriopus), 370. 
aurelise (Hylocharis), 


370. 
aureliie (Trochilus), 
370. 
aurescens (Campylopterus), 
313. 
aurescens (Clytolgema), 
311,313. 
aurescens (Lampornis), 


313. 
aurescens (Margarochrysis), 
313. 
aurescens (Polyplancta), 

313. 
aurescens (Trochilus), 
313. 
auriceps (Ohlorolampis), 
45. 
auriceps (Ohlorostilbon), 
45. 
auriceps (Sporadinus), 
45. 
auriceps (Trochilus), 45. 
auriculatus (Heliothrix), 
30, 32. 
auriculatus (Trochilus), 

32. 
Aurinia, 419. 
aurita (Ornismya), 30. 
auritus(Batrachostomus), 
636, 637. 
auritus (Heliothrix), 30, 

32. 
auritus (Podargus), 637. 
auritus (Trochilus), 30, 
32. 
aurogasfcer (Trochilus), 
124. 
aurora (Diphlogsena), 
123. 
aurora (Helianthea), 
123. 
aurora 
(Hypochrysea), 
1^3» 

aurulentus (Ohlorostilbon), 
45. 
aurulentus (Lampornis), 

97. 
aurulentus (Margarochiysis), 
96. 
aurulentus (Polyfcmus), 
96, 97. 
aurulentus (Trochilus), 

96. 
australis (iEgotheles), 
651. 
australis (Oha?tuva), 472. 
australis (Oypselus), 
448. 
australis (Micropus), 
449. ^ 
australis (Podargus), 
632. 
avoeetta (Ornismya), 
101. 
avocetta (Trochilus), 
101. 
Avocettinus, 101,* 347. 
Avocettula, 30, 101. 
azaras (Hydropsalis), 
599. 
azurescens (Clytolasma), 
313. 
bahamensis (Trochilus), 

383. 
balasiensis (Oypselus), 
466. 
Balassian Swift, 466. 
balstoni (Oypselus), 
443. 
bancrofti (Trochilus), 
103. 
barbatus (Oypselus), 
447. 
barbatus (Micropus), 
447. 
barrali (Heliangelus), 
166. 
barrali (Heliotrypha), 
164, 166. 
barrali (Nodalia), 166. 
barroti (Heliothrix), 30, 

32, 655. 
barroti (Trochilus), 32. 
bartletti (Agyrtria), 179, 

184. 
bartletti (Polytin us), 
184. 
bartletti (Thaumantias), 
184. 
Basilinna, 252. 
batassiensis (Oypselus), 
466, 467. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

batassiensis (Tachornis), 

466. 
Batrachostomus, 629, 
636. 
Baucis, 358. 
Bellatrix, 419. 
Bellona, 258, 352. 
benjamini (Heliotrypha), 
167. 
benjamini (Trochilus), 
167. 
benjamini (Urosticte), 
167. 
bennetti (iEgotheles), 
646, 650. 
beryllina (Amazilia), 203, 

209. 
beryllina (Eranna), 209. 
beryllina (Pyrrhophsena), 
209. 
beryllina (Trochilus), 
209. 
beryllinus (Amazilis), 
209. 
beryllinus (Polytrnus), 
209. 
beskii (Cephalolepis), 
357. 
bicolor (Acanthylis), 
487. 
bicolor (Chsetura), 487. 
bicolor (Ohlorostilbon), 
49, 51. 
bicolor (Hylocbaris), 49. 
bicolor (Omismya), 183, 

246. 
bicolor (Polytmus), 86. 
bicolor (Thalurania), 76, 
86. 
bicolor (Trochilus), 86. 
bifasciata (Stenopsis), 
585. 
bifasciata (XJpupa), 6. 
bifasciatus (Antrostomus), 
585. 
bifurcata (Lesbia), 148. 
bifurcata (Mellisuga), 

148. 
bifurcata (Psalicloprymna), 
148. 
bifurcatus (Oynanthus), 

148. 
bilopha (Mellisuga), 
433. 
bilophus (Trochilus), 
432, 433. 
binotatus (Oaprimulgus), 
521, 576. 
biscutata (Chsetura), 472, 

479. 
VOL. XVI. 
biscutata (Hemiprocne), 

479. 
bisignatus (Caprimulgus), 
549. 
blythi (Irrisor), 20. 
boehmi (Ohsetura), 489, 
492. 
Boissoneaua, 372. 
boliviana (Bourcieria), 
136. 
boliviana (Lampropygia), 
133, 136. 
boliviana (Lesbia), 668. 
bolivianus (Oynanthus), 

140. 
bolivianus (Phaethornis), 
267, 273. 
bollii (Irrisor), 17, 20. 
bombus (Chgetocercus), 

414, 416. 
bombus (Polyxenus), 

416. 
Bombycistomas, 636. 
bonapartii (Helianthea), 
123, 124, 658. 
bonapartii (Hypochrysea), 
125. 
bonapartii (Ornismya), 

124. 
bonapartii (Trochilus), 
125. 
boothi (Orthorhynchus), 
406. 
borbonica (Hemiprocne), 
499. 
borealis (Cypseloides), 
495. 
borealis (Oypselus), 495. 
borealis (Nephoecetes), 
495. 
boreanii (Scotornis), 
597. 
borneensis (Caprimulgus), 
577. 
borneensis (Lyncornis), 

577. 
boucardi (Arena), 193. 
boucardi (Arinia), 193. 
boucardi (Sapphironia), 
193. 
bougheri (Lampornis), 
301. 
bougueri (Ooeligena), 
301. 
bougueri (Trochilus), 
301. 
bougueri (Urochroa), 
301. 
bourcieri (Ametrornis), 
279. 
bourcieri (Orthornis), 

279. 
bourcieri (Phaethornis), 
268, 278. 
bourcieri (Trochilus), 278. 
Bourcieria, 115, 128. 
bourdilloni (Lyncornis), 

604. 
braccata (Hemithylaca), 
222. 
bracei (Sporadinus), 58. 
brachycerca (Ohcetura), 
484. 
brachypterus (Oaprimulgus), 
565. 
brachypterus (Podargus), 

634. 
Brachypus, 437. 
brachyrhynchos (XJpupa), 
6. 
brachyrhynchus (Trochilus), 
342. 
brachyura (Chsetura), 

484. 
brachyurus (Caprimulgus), 
531, 650. 
bracteatus (Nyctibius), 

623. 
branickii (Lampraster), 
323. 
brasilianus (Caprimulgus), 
614. 
brasilianus (Chordeiles), 

615. 
brasiliensis (Caprimulgus), 
614. 
brasiliensis gutture rubro 
(Mellisuga), 311. 
brasiliensis (Polytmus), 

41. 
brasiliensis (Trochilus), 
41, 285. 
brevicauda (Trochilus), 

386. 
brevicaudatus (Oblorolampis), 
56. 
brevicaudatus (Ohlorostilbon), 
56. 
brevirostris (AgyrtriaJ, 
179,185. 
brevirostris (Collocalia), 

501. 
brevirostris (Hirundo), 
501. 
brevirostris (Leucochloris), 
185. 
brevirostris (Leucolia), 


185. 
brevirostris (Ornismya), 
185. 
2x 

674 

brevirostris (Polytmus), 

185. 
brevirosfcris (Thaumatius), 
185. 
brevirostris (Troclailus), 

185. 
brunneitorques (Chastura), 
493. 
brunneitorques (Cypseloides), 
493. 
bryantse (Oalothorax), 

384. 
bryantas (Doricha). 381, 

384. 
buckleyi (Diphlogsena), 

121. 
buckleyi (Pinarolcema), 

101. 
buffoni (Chalybura), 87, 

88. 
buffoni (Hypuroptila), 87. 
buffoni (Lampornis), 87. 
buffoni (Polytmus), 88. 
buffoni (Trochilus), 87. 
burmeisteri (Ohaetocercus), 
414, 415. 
burtoni (Eustepbanus), 

668. 
burtoni (Macrodipteryx), 

595. 

cabanidis (Petasophora), 

111. 
oabanisi (Irrisor), 26. 
cabanisi (Petasophora), 

111. 
cabanisi(Bhinopomastes), 
24, 26. 
cserulea (Chlorestes), 

242. 
caarulea (Eucephala), 
239, 241. 
cserulea (Halia), 242. 
casrulea (Hylocharis), 


242. 
c&ruleicapilla (Chrysuronia), 
249. 
cseruleiceps (Agyrtria), 
179, 183. 
caruleiceps (Leucochloris),
183. 
cseruleiceps (Leucolia), 

183. 
cseruleiceps (Thaumatias), 
183. 
cseruleigaster (Chalybura), 
89. 
cseruleigaster (Lampornis), 
88. 
casruleigaster (Trochilus), 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

caeruleigularis (Cyanochloris), 
233. 
caeruleigularis (Cyanophaia), 
233. 
cteruleigularis (Sapphironia), 
233. 
Cferuleiventris (Chalybura), 
88.^ 
casruleiventris (Hypuroptila), 
87, 88, 651. 
cseruleogularis (Hylocharis), 
233. 
cseruleogularis (Lepidopygia), 
233. 
cseruleogularis (Methon), 

89. 
ceeruleogularis (Polytmus), 
233. 
cairuleo-lavata (Eucephala), 
239, 244. 
eseruleo-lavata (Hylocharis), 
244. 
caerulescens (Cyanophaia), 
233. 
cseruleus (Irrisor), 10. 
cseruleus (Thaumatias), 

242. 
caaruleus (Trochilus), 

241. 
caffer (Cypselus), 450, 

452. 
caffer (Micropus), 437, 
450, 451. 
caffer orientalis (CvjDselus), 
452. 
cajanensis (Panyptila), 

461. 
californianus (Antrostomus), 
579. 
caligata (Heoaithylaca), 

999 

caligata (Saucerottia), 

224. 
caligatus (Trochilus), 
224, 375. 
Caligena, 257, 304. 
Callidice, 372, 
Calligenia, 123. 
calliope (Oalothorax), 

413. 
calliope (SteUura), 413. 
calliope (Trochilus), 

413. 
Calliperidia, 119. 
Callipharus, 29, 67. 
Calliphlox, 259, 386. 
Callothorax, 390. 
calolasma (Oreopyra), 
306,307. 
calolsemus (Trochilus), 

307. 

calosoma (Campylopterus), 
96. 
calosorna (Crinis), 96. 
calosoma (Lamporuis), 
91, 96. 
Oalothorax, 260,390. 
Calypte, 260, 403. 
campestris (Caprimulgus), 
619. 
campestris (Trochilus), 

386. 
campyloptera (Patupa), 

287. 
Campylopterus, 256, 288. 
campylopterus (Trochilus), 
288. 
campy lostylus (Canipylopteris), 
297. 
campylostylus (Trochilus), 
297. 
candicans (Stenopsis), 

582. 
Candida (Agyrtria), 180, 
190, 660. 
Candida (Leucolia), 190. 
Candidas (Polytmus), 

190. 
candidus (Thaumatiafe), 

190. 
candidus (Trochilus), 190. 
caniveti (Ohlorolampis), 

47. 
caniveti (Chlorostilbon), 
45, 46, 656. 
caniveti (Hylocharis), 46. 
caniveti (Ornismya), 46. 
caniveti (JRiceordia), 46. 
caniveti (Sporadinus), 

47. 
caniveti (Thaumatias), 


46. 
caniveti (Trochilus), 46. 
capensis (Caprimulgus), 

527. 
capensis (Irrisor), 17. 
capensis (Upupa), 14. 
Caprimulgidse, 434,519. 
Capriraulginae, 519. 
Caprimulgus, 520, 521. 
caprimulgus (Hirundo), 

526. 
carbunculus (Trochilus), 

113. 
caripensis peruvianus 
(Steatornis), 654. 
caripensis (Steatornis), 

653. 
carmioli (Chalybura), 90. 
caroli (Calliphlox), 144. 
caroli (Cometes), 145. 
caroli (Hylocharis), 144. 

caroli (Lesbia), 145. 
oaroli (Polyonymus), 

145. 
caroli (Sappho), 142,144. 
caroli (Troehilus), 144. 
carolinensis (Antrostomus), 
505. 
carolinensis (Caprimulgus), 
525, 505. 
carolinensis (Mellisuga), 

399. 
carolus (Avocettinus), 
101. 
carribseus (Chlorostilbon), 
65. 
cassini (Chsetura), 488, 

489. 
cassini (Phaethornis), 
272. 
castaneiceps (Irrisor), 23. 
castaneiceps (Scoptelus), 
21, 23. 
castaneiventris (Amazilia), 
204, 212. 
castaneiventris (Anthocephala), 
306. 
castaneiventris (Evanna), 

212. 
castaneiventris (Oreopyra), 
306. 
castaneiventris (Pyrrhophsena), 
212. 
castaneocauda (Heliopedica), 
255. 
castaneoventris (Troehilus), 
306. 
castaneus (Batrachostomus), 
642. 
cast elnaudi (A.glajactis), 
349, 351. 
castelnaudi (Troehilus), 

351. 
eatharinaj (Troehilus). 
410. 
Catharma, 260, 410. 
caudacuta (Acanthylis), 
472, 475. 
caudacuta (Chastura), 
471, 472, 473, 474. 
caudacuta (Hirundapus), 

473. 
caudacuta (Hirund ma-
pus), 473. 
caudacuta (Hirunclo), 

472. 
caudacuta (Pallene), 473. 
caudacutus (Irrisor), 16. 
caudacutus (Troehilus), 
119. 
caumatonota (Aglseactis), 
349,351. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

cayanensis (Oypselus), 
461,409. 
cayanensis (Hirundo), 

461. 
cayanensis (Panyptila), 
461. 
cayanus (Caprimulgus), 
583. 
cayennensis (Caprimulgus), 
583. 
cayennensis (Oypselus), 

469. 
cayennensis (Hirundo), 
461. 
cayennensis longicaudus 
(Polytmus), 270. 
cayennensis (Mellisuga), 
113,181. 
cayennensis (Sfcenopsis), 
582, 583. 
cebuensis (Oollooalia), 

508. 
cecili^e (Troehilus), 335. 
celebensis (Ohtetura), 471, 
476. 
celebensis (Hirundinapus), 
476. 
cephalatra (Ornisinya), 

64. 
cephalatra (Polytmus), 
65. 
cephalatra (Troehilus), 
64. 
Oephallepis, 356. 
Oephalolepis, 259, 356. 
cephalus (Phaethornis), 
272. 
cephalus (Troehilus), 272. 
cerviceps (Lyncomis), 
604. 
cervina (Adelomyia), 
169,171. 
cervina (Dolerisca), 177. 
cervinicauda (Gl aucis), 

265. 
cervinicauda (Polytmus), 
265. 
cervinicauda (Threnetes), 
264,265,662. 
cerviniceps (Lyneornis), 

604. 
cervinigularis (Phseolaema), 
324, 325, 665. 
cerviniventris (Amazilia), 
204, 214. 
cerviniventris (Aroazilius), 
214. 
cerviniventris (Eranna), 

214. 
cer viniventris(Poly t m us), 
214. 
cerviniventris (Pyrrho


phoena), 214. 
ceylononsis (Upupa), 10. 
Obaitocorcus, 200, 414. 
Uhivturu, 470. 
Chaitunnce, 436, 470. 
Chalcoatigma, 341. 
chaleotis (Petasophora), 

100. 
chalybeus (Bellatrix), 
426. 
chalybea (Polymistria), 
426. 
chalybeus (Lophornis), 
420, 426. 
chalybeus (Troehilus), 

426. 
Chalybura, 30, 87. 
ohapmani (Ohordeiles), 
613. 
Ohariessa, 308. 
Ohelidonia, 512. 
chimborazo (Oreotrochilus), 
334, 335. 
chimborazo (Troehilus), 

335. 
chionogaster (Leucolia), 
201. 
chionogaster (Leucippus), 
200. 
chionogaster (Polytmus), 
201. 
chionogaster (Thaumatias), 
200. 
chionopeefcus (Leucolia), 

180. 
chionopectus (Polytmus), 
180. 
chionopectus (Thaumatias), 
180. 
chionura (Agyrtria), 75. 
chionura (Elvira), 74, 75. 
chionura (Eupherusa),75. 
chionurus (Thaumatias), 

74. 
Ohloauges, 44. 
Chlorestes, 44,239. 
chlorocephala (Agyrtria), 
241. 
chlorocephala (Eucephala), 
239, 241. 
chlorocephala (Lepidopygia), 
241. 
chlorocephalus (Hylocharis), 
241. 
chlorocercus (Leucippus), 
200,201. 
chlorocercus (Polytmus), 

202. 
chlorolasraa 
(Ohrysolampis), 
96. 

2x2 

676 

chlorolasrnus (Eulampis), 

104. 
chlorolsemus (Lainpornis), 
104. 
chlorolsenius (Polytmus), 

104. 
chlorolsemus (Sericotes), 
104. 
Ohlorolampis, 44. 
chlorolophus (Ortho^ 
rhynchus), 354. 
chloropogon (Metallura), 
150,151. 
chloropogon (Urolampra), 
151. 
chlorospila (Adelomyia), 

170. 
CHorosialbon, 29, 44. 
chlorura (Lesbia), 147. 
Chordeiles, 521,609. 
Chrysobronchus, 174. 
chrysobronchus (Leucippus), 
175. 
chrysobronchus (Polytmus), 
175. 
chrysobronchus (Trochilus), 
174. 
chrysochloris (Trochilus), 
143, 
chrysogaster (Chlorestes), 

52. 
chrysogaster (Ohlorolampis), 
52, 
chrysogaster (Chlorostilbon), 
52,53. 
chrysogaster (Hylocharis), 
52. 
chrysogaster (Trochilus), 

52. 
Chrysolampis, 30, 115. 
chrysolopha(Heliactinia), 
433. 
chrysolopba (Ornismya), 
433. 
chrysolopbus (Trochilus), 
433. 
Ohrysomirus, 44. 
chrysorama (Eriocneniis), 
361, 368. 
chrysura (Ohrysurisca), 


252. 
chrysura (Ohrysuronia), 
chrysura (Hylocharis), 


252. 
chrysura (Ornismya), 143, 
251. 
chrysura (Trocbilus), 251. 
chrysura, var. (Ornismya), 
144. 
Ohrysurisca, 248. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

Ohrysuronia, 117, 248. 

Ohrysurus, 248. 

chrysurus (Polytmus), 

252. 
chrysurus(Ehamphodon), 
43. 
chrysurus (Thaumantias), 
176. 
chrysurus (Trochilus), 
143. 
cinerascens (Caprimulgus), 
555. 
cinerea (Collocalia), 500, 

502. 
cinerea (Hirundo), 502. 
cinereicauda(Acanthylis), 
482. 
cinereicaucla (Chsetura), 
482. 
cinereicauda (Oreopyra), 
306, 307. 
cinereicollis (Trochilus), 

49. 
cinereiventris (Chastura), 
485, 486. 
cinereus (Podargus), 632. 
cineretis (Trochilus), 49, 

289. 
cinnamomea (Amazilia), 
203,207,660. 
cinnamomea (Ornismya), 
157, 207. 
cinnamomea (Pyrrhophaena), 
207. 
cinnamomeus (Caprimulgus), 
556, 557. 
cinnamomeus(Polytmus), 

207. 
Circe, 59. 
circe (Cyanophaia), 60. 
circe (Sapphironia), 60, 
circe (Trochilus), 60. 
ciris (Aeanthylis), 473. 
ciris (Hirundapus), 473. 
ciris (Hirundo), 472. 
cirrochloris (Aphantochroa), 
297. 
cirrochloris (Campylopterus), 
297. 
cirrochloris (Polytmus), 

297. 
cirrochloris (Trochilus), 
% 297. 
cissiura (Spathura), 376, 

377. 
cissiurus (Steganurus), 
377. 
Clais, 359. 
clamator (Caprimulgus), 
568. 
clarissse (Anactoria), 160. 
Clarissas (Heliangelus), 

159,160,659. 

clarissae (Mellisuga), 160. 

clarissse (Ornismya), 160. 

Clarissas (Trochilus), 160. 

elarus(Capriinulgus),522, 

524, 552. 

Claudia, 469. 

clemencise (Oceligena), 

299, 302, 304. 

clemencies (Delattria), 

305. 
clernencias (Ornismya), 
304. ^ 
elemencias (Lampornis), 
304. 
clernencias (Trochilus), 
304. 
climacercus (Hydropsalis), 
598, 600. 
climacturus (Scortornis), 

596. 
climacurus (Caprimulgus), 
596. 
climacurus tScotornis), 


596. 
climaturus (Scotornis), 
596. 
Clotho, 67. 
Clytolgema, 257, 311. 
cochinchinensis (Cha> 
tura), 491. 
coelestis (Cyanolesbia), 
137, 139. 
coelestis (Cynanthus cya


nurus), 139. 
ccelestis (Ornismya), 3S5. 
coelestis (Trochilus), 139. 
ccelina (Thalurania), 233. 
Coeligena, 105, 304. 
cceligena (Bourciex'ia), 

135. 
cceligena (Lampropygia), 
133,135. 
cceligena (Ornismya), 135. 
coeligena (Trochilus), 135. 
Colibri, 105, 174. 
Colibri a collier rouge, 

264. 
Colibri a collier rouge de 
Surinam, 264. 
Colibri a cravate yerte, 

95. 
Colibri a, gorge bleu, 
329. 
Colibri a gorge carmin, 
102. 
Colibri a gorge Terte de 
Cayenne, 95. 
Colibri 
k long queue de 
Cayenne, 270. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

Colibri a pieds vetus, 42. 
Oolibri a queue violette, 

92. 
Oolibri a queue violette 
de Cayenne, 92. 
Oolibri a tete noire, 64. 
Colibri a ventre cendre, 

289. 
Colibri de Cayenne, 332. 
Colibri de St. Donringue, 
96. 
Colibri, petit, 174. 
Colibri topaz, 332. 
Colibri vert et noir, 104. 
Colibri violet, 102. 
Colibri violet de Cayenne. 
102. 
collaris (Acanthylis), 477, 
478. 
collaris (Cypselus), 47G, 
477. 
collaris (Hemiprocne), 
477. 
collaris (3NTephoca?tes), 
477. 
collaris (Pallene), 477. 
collaris (Trochilus), 392. 
Collocalia, 470, 496. 
colubris (Ornismya), 399. 
colubris(Orthorhynchus), 
399. 
colubris (Trochilus), 399, 
667. 
columbiana (Bourcieria), 
136. 
columbiana (Lampropygia), 
133,135,136,658. 
columbianus (Phaethornis), 
274. 
columbica (Ornismya),79. 
columbica (Tbalurania), 

76,79,656. 
columbicus (Polytmus), 

79. 
comata (Macropteryx), 
512, 517. 
comatus (Cypselus), 517. 
comatus (Dendrocheli


don), 517. 
Cometes, 142. 
compsa (Agyrtria), 180, 

192. 
compsa (Thauinatias), 
192. 
comptus (Chlorostilbon), 
54. 
concolor (Cypselus), 499. 
eoncretus (Caprimulgus), 
521,576. 
condaminii (Eutoxeres), 
261,263. 

condaminii (Myiactina), 

263. 
condaminii (Trochilus). 
263. 
conradi (Bourcieria), 128, 
130. 
conradi (Conradinia), 
130. 
conradi (Diphlogsena), 
130. 
conradi (Helianthea), 
130. 
conradi (Homopbaina), 
130. 
conradi (Polymelia), 130. 
conradi (Trochilus), 130. 
Conradinia, 128. 
consobrinus (Phaethornis), 
270. 
constant! (Floricola), 228, 
230, 661. 
constanti (Heliomastes), 

231. 
constanti (Trochilus), 
231. 
conterminus (Caprimulgus), 
585. 
conversi sequatorialis 
(Gouldia), 430. 
conversi (Gkmldia), 430. 
conversi (Mellisuga), 430. 
conversi (Prymnacantha), 

428,430. 
conversi (Trochilus), 430. 
coquerelii (Collocalia), 

489. 
cora (Calothorax), 419. 
cora (Heliactin), 419. 
cora (Ornismya), 418. 
cora (Phaethornis), 418. 
cora (Thaumastura), 418. 
cora (Trochilus), 418. 
coracina (Acanthylis), 
490. 
coracina (Chaetura), 490. 
coracinus (Cypselus), 490. 
corallirostris (Amazilius), 
207. 
corallirostris (PyrrophEena), 
207. 
corallirostris (Trochilus), 

207. 
cornutus (Batrachostomus), 
640. 
cornutus (Caprimulgus), 

625. 
cornutus (Heliactinus), 
433. 
cornutus (Nyctibius), 625. 
cornutus (Podargus), 640. 
cornutus (Trochilus), 433. 
coronata (Dendrocheli


don), 512. 
coronata (Hirundo), 512. 
coronata (Macropteryx), 

512. 
corruscus (Trochilus), 
390. 
cortapau (Antrostomus), 
567. 
coruscans (Colibri), 109. 
coruscans (Petasophora), 
106,109. 
coruscans (Praxilla), 109. 
coruscus (Trochilus), 

343. 
Cosmetornis, 520, 595. 
costse (Atthis), 405. 
costse (Calypte), 403,404. 
costse (Lucaria), 405. 
costsa (Ornismya), 404. 
costse (Selasphorus), 405 
costs© (Trochilus), 405. 
costse (Zephyritis), 405. 
Crapaud volant, 526. 
Crapaud volant de Cayenne, 
583. 
crinifrons (iEgotheles), 
646, 647. 
crinifrons (Batrachostomus), 
646. 
crinifrons (Podargus), 

646. 
Orinis, 91. 
crispa (Petasophora), 106. 
crispus (Colibri), 106. 
cristata (Bellona), 352, 
353. 
cristata (Mellivora), 353. 
cristatella (Upupa), 14. 
cristatellus (Trochilus), 
354. 
cristatus (JEgotheles), 
651. 
cristatus (Caprimulgus), 
651. 
cristatus (Ornismya), 353. 
cristatus (Orthorhynchus), 
353. 
cristatus (Trochilus), 353. 
cubanensis(Antrostomus), 

571. 
cubanensis (Caprimulgus), 
525, 571. 
cuculiger (Trochilus), 

252. 
cupreicauda (Aglseactis) 
151. 
cupreicauda (Amazilia), 
204, 220. 
cupreicauda (Mellisuga), 

150. 
cupreicauda (Metallura), 
150,151. 
cupreicauda (Trochilus), 

150. 
cupreicauda(Urolampra), 

151. 
eupreiceps (Elvira), 74, 

75. 
cupreiceps (Eupherusa), 

75. 
cupreiceps (Thaumatias), 

75. 
cupreipennis (Aglasactis), 
349,350,666. 
cupreipennis (Trochilus), 

350. 
cupreiventris (Eriocnemis), 
361, 367, 666. 
cupreiventris (Hylocharis), 
367cupreiventris 
(Phemonoe), 
367. 
cunipennis (Polytnius), 

287. 
curvipennis(Sphasnoproctus), 
286, 287. 
cun ipennis (Trochilus), 

287. 
euvieri (Aphantochroa), 

299. 
euvieri (Oampylopterus), 

299. 
euvieri (Phgeochroa), 


299. 
euvieri (Podargus), 632. 
euvieri (Polytmus), 299. 
euvieri (Trochilus), 299. 
cyanea (Hylocharis), 24o, 

246. 
cyanea (Ornisniya), 246. 
cyaneicollis (Oyanomyia), 
194,199. 
cyaneicollis (Leucolia), 

200. 
cyaneicollis (Trochilus), 

199. 
cyaneicollis(Uranomitra), 

199. 
cyaneifrons (Amazilia), 
204,227. 
cyaneipectus (Sternoclyta), 
300. 
cyaneipectus (Trochilus), 

300. 
eyaneus (Irrisor), 16. 
cyaneus (Thamnatias), 


246. 
cyaneus (Trochilus), 246. 
cyanifrons (Ariana), 228, 
cyanifrons (Chlorestes), 

228. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

eyanifrons(Eratopis),228. 
cyanifrons (Hemithylaca), 
228. 
cyanifrons (Polytmus), 

228. 
cyanifrons (Pyrrhopha> 

* na), 228. 
cyanifrons (Saucerottia), 

227. 
cyanifrons (Thalurania), 

227. 
cyanifrons (Trochilus), 

227. 
cyanipectus (Oampylopterus), 
300. 
cyanocephala (Oyanomyia), 
194, 197. 
cyanocephala (Leucolia), 

198. 
cyanocephala (Ornisniya), 

194. 
cyanocephala (Uranomytra), 
195, 19S. 
cyanocephalus (Ornisniya), 
197. 
cyanocephalus (Polytmus), 
198. 
cyanocephalus (Trochilus), 
197. 
cyanogenys (Ohlorestes), 

243. 
cyanogenys (Eucephala), 
239, 243, 
cyanogenys (Hylocharis), 

243. 
cyanogenys (Saucerottia), 

243. 
cyanogenys (Trochilus), 

243. 
eyanolsema (Oxypogon), 
339, 341. 
Oyanolesbia, 115, 136. 
cyanomelas (Epimachus), 
22, 24. 
cyanomelas (Palcinellus), 

24. 
cyanomelas (Irrisor), 22, 
24,26. 
cyanomelas (Promerops), 

22. 
cyanomelas (Rhinopomastes), 
20, 22, 24. 
cyanomelas (Rhinopomastus), 
24. 
cyanomelas (Trochilus), 

103. 
Oyanomyia, 117, 194. 
cyanopectus (Lampornis), 
300. 
cyanopectus (Ssepiopterus), 
300. 

Cyanophaia, 117, 233. 
cyanophaia (Trochilus), 

233. 
cyanopogon (Calothorax), 

390. 
cyanopogon (Lucifer), 

390. 
cyanopogon (Ornismya), 
"390,406. 
cyanopogon (Trochilus), 
"390. 
cyanopterus (Trochilus), 

118. 
cyan otis (Colibri), 110. 
cyanotis (Petasophora), 
106, 110, 657. 
cyanotus (Petasophora), 

110. 
cyanotus (Polytmus), 


111. 
cyanotus (Praxilla), 110. 
cyanotus (Trochilus), 

110. 
C} anura (Amazilia). 

204. 212, 661. 
cyanura (Ariana), 212. 
cyanura (Eratina), 212. 
cyanura (Hemithylaca), 
*212. 
cyanura (Mellisuga), 137. 
cyanura (Pyrrhophsena), 

212. 
cvanura (Saucerottia), 

212. 
cyanurus (Cynanthus), 
137,139. 
cyanurus (Lesbia), 138. 
cyanurus (Polytmus), 212. 
cyanurus (Trochilus), 

137. 
Cynanthus, 136, 398. 
Oypselidae, 434. 
Cypselina, 430. 
Cypseloides, 470,492. 
Cypselurus, 462. 
Cypselus, 437, 469. 
Oypsiurus, 462. 

damarensis (Caprimulgus), 
532. 
Damophila, 117, 235, 

237. 
daphne (Ohlorolampis), 

daphne (Ohlorostilbon), 

56. 
daphne (Hylocharis), 50, 
davidianus (Bremita), 

285. 
david ianus (Trochilus), 

285. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX, 

decora (Polyerata), 238, 

602. 
decorata (Aeestrura), 406, 
408. 
decorata (Omisinya), 
40S. 
decorata (TJpupa), 14. 
decoratas (Calothorax), 


408. 
decorus (Trochilus), 422. 
decussata (Stenofjsis), 
582,586. 
deeussatus (Caprimul


gus). 586. 
defilippi (Ametrornis), 


279. 
delalandi (Bellona), 357. 
delalandi (Cephalepis), 
356 
delalandi (Ornismya), 


356. 
delalandi (Orthorhynchus), 
356. 
delalandi (Trochilus), 


356. 
Delattria, 257, 308. 
delattria (Campylopterus), 
291. 
delattrii (Lophornis), 
420, 422, 668. 
delattrii (Ornismya), 291, 

423. 
delattrii (Telamon), 423. 
delattrii (Trochilus), 423. 
delphinse (Colibri), 111. 
delphinse (Ornismya), 
111. 
delplrinaa (Petasophora), 
106, 111, 657. 
delphinas (Polytmus), 

111. 
delphinaj (Telesilla), 112. 
Dendrochelidon, 512. 
derbianus (Eriocnemis), 
362. 
derbianus (Trochilus), 
315. 
derbyanus (Nyctidromus), 
587. 
derbyi (Erebenna), 362. 
derbyi (Eriocnemis), 

361,362. 
derbyi (Eriopus), 362. 
derbyi (Hylooharis), 362. 
derbyi (Threptria), 362. 
derbyi (Trochilus), 362. 
Derbyomyia, 360. 
devillii (Amazilia), 203, 

211, 660. 
devillii (Amazilia), 211. 
devillii (Amazilius), 211. 

devillii (Eranna), 211. 
devillii (Pyrrhophaena), 

211. 
devillii (Trochilus), 211. 
Dialia, 419. 
dichroura (Calligenia), 
128. 
dichroura (Helianthea), 
124,128. 
digitalis (Caprimulgus), 

547. 
dilopha (Heliactin), 433. 
dilophus (Trochilus), 433. 
Diotima, 159. 
Diphlogsena, 115, 121. 
Discosura, 431. 
Discura, 260, 431. 
dispar (Parzudakia), 165. 
diurnis (Proithera), 619. 
diumus (Caprimulgus), 
619. 
Dnophera, 263. 
Docimastes, 257, 315. 
dohrni (G-laucis), 41, 43. 
dohrni (Polytmus), 44. 
dohrni (Trochilus), 43. 
Dolerisea, 177. 
Doleromyia, 116, 177. 
dominica (ffypophania), 
96. 
dominicana (Chastura), 
48& 
dominicana colardeaui 
^ (Ohaatura), 486. 
dominicensis (Polytmus), 

dominicus (Antrostomus), 

535. 
dominicus (Lampornis), 
91, 96. 
dominicus (Polytmus), 

95. 
dominicus (Trochilus), 
92, 96. 
d'orbignyi (Eriocnemis), 

367. 
d'orbignyi (Phemonoe), 
367. * 
d'orbignyi (Trochilus), 
367. 
Doricha, 259, 380. 
Dorifera, 38. 
dorsale (Rhamphomicron), 
341, 343. 
Doryfera, 38. 
Doryphora, 38. 
doubledayi (Circe), 62. 
doubledayi (Cyanophaia), 

62. 
doubledayi (lache), 60, 
62. 
doubledayi (Hylooharis), 
60,62. 
doubledayi (Sapphironia), 
62. 
doubledayi (Thaumatias), 

62. 
doubledayi (Trochilus), 
62. 
dubius (^Egotheles), 648. 
dubius (Cypselus), 445. 
dubusi (Amazilia), 216. 
dubusi (Eranna), 216. 
dubusi (Pyrrhophsena), 
216. 
dubusi (Trochilus), 216. 
duchaissingi (Cyanophaia), 
233. 
duchaissingi (Sapphir 
onia), 233. 
duchaissingii (Trochilus), 

233. 
dumerili (Ornismya), 
206. * 
dumerili (Trochilus), 
206. 
dumerilii (Amazilia), 
203,206. 
dumerilii (Amazilis), 

206. 
dumerilii (Amazilius), 
206. 
dumerilii (Polytmus), 
207. 
dumerilii (Pyrrhophasna), 
206. 
duponti (Ornismya), 385. 
duponti (Thaumastura), 

385. 
duponti (Tilmatura), 
385,667. 
duponti (Trochilus), 

385. 
duponti (Tryphsena), 
385. 
dybowskii (Eriocnemis), 
361. 
Dyrinia, 409. 
dyselius (Eriocnemis), 
361, 365. 
dytiscivorus (Oaprimulgus), 
553. 

edward (Amazilius), 

221. 
edward (Thaumantias), 
221. 
edwardi (Amazilia), 204, 
221. 
edwardi (Eratina), 221. 
edwardi (Erythronota), 
221. 
edwardi (Hemithylaca), 

221. 
edwardi (Leucodora), 
221. 
edwardi (Polytmus), 
221. 
edwardi (Trochilus), 221. 
edwardsi (Ohlorestes), 
221. 
edwardsi (Saucerottia), 
224. 
Egolia, 380. 
egregia (Eupherusa), 72, 
73. 
egregius (Ohlorostilbon), 
51. 
egregius (Polytmus), 73. 
elatus (Trochilus), 113. 
elegans (Amazilia), 204, 
227. 
elegans (Arania), 227. 
elegans (Chlorolampis), 
59. 
elegans (Erasinia), 227. 
elegans (Erythronota), 
227. 
elegans (Hylocharis), 59. 
elegans (Lampornis), 59. 
elegans (Biccordia), 59. 
elegans (Sporadinus), 57, 
59. 
elegans (Trochilus), 59. 
Eleothreptus, 592. 
elieias (Chrysurisca), 251. 
elicise (Chrysuronia), 
248, 251, 662. 
elicise (Hylocharis), 251. 
elicise (Polytmus), 251. 
elicise (Trochilus), 251. 
elizse (Amalusia), 382. 
elizae (Amathusia), 382. 
elizse (Calothorax), 382. 
elizse (Doricha), 380, 382. 
elizse (Lucifer), 382. 
elizse (Myrtis), 382. 
elizse (Trochilus), 382. 
ellioti (Atthis), 412, 667. 
ellioti (Uranomitra), 195. 
Elvira, 30, 74. 
elvirse (Zephyritis), 406. 
emigrans (Orthorhyn


chus), 353. 
Emilia, 233. 
emilise (Phaethornis), 

267,268,663. 
emilise (Toxoteuches), 

269. 
emilise (Trochilus), 268. 
enarratus (Caprimulgus), 
521,577. 
Engoulevent, 52Q. 

ALPHABETICAL ESTDEX. 

Engoulevent a collier, 534. 
Engoulevent a queue 
fourchue, 598. 
Engoulevent a. Lunettes, 

592. 
Engoulevent aeutipenne 
cle la Guyane, 614. 
Engoulevent des Eoseaux, 

549. 
Engoulevent gris, 625. 
Engoulevent roux de 
Cayenne, 566. 
Engoulevent varie de 

Cayenne, 583. 
Engyte, 360. 
enicura (Amalusia), 381. 
enicura (Amathusia), 

381. 
enicura (Doricha), 380, 
667. 
enicura (Thaumastura), 
381. 
enicurus (Calothorax), 
387. 
enicurus (Lucifer), 381. 
enicurus (Trochilus), 381. 
ensifer schliephaeki 
(Docimastes), 315. 
ensifera (Ornismya), 315. 
ensiferus (Docimastes), 

315, mo. 
ensiferus (Trochilus), 315. 
ensipennis (Campylo


pterus), 288, 290. 
ensipennis (Polytmus), 

290. 
ensipennis (Trochilus), 
220. 
Entima, 326. 
eos (Calligenia), 125. 
eos (Helianthea),'123,125. 
eos (Hypoehrysea), 125. 
episcopus (Phaethornis), 
284. 
episcopus (Pygmornis), 
280, 284, 663. 
epops (Upupa), 4, 10. 
Eranna, 203. 
Erasmia, 57. 
Erasuria, 203. 
Eratina, 203. 
Eratopis, 203. 
Erebenna, 360. 
eremita, 280. 
eremita (Phaethornis), 

285. 
Eriocnemis, 259, 360. 
Eriona, 360. 
Eriopus, 360. 
eriphile (Glaueopis), 81. 
eriphile (Ornismya), 80. 
eriphile (Polytmus), 81. 
eriphile (Thalurania), 76, 

80. 
eriphile (Trochilus), 80. 
Erythronota, 203. 
erythronota (Amazilia), 
204, 225. 
erythronota (Ariana), 


225. 
erythronota (Chloi'estes), 
225. 
erythronota (Hemithylaca), 
225. 
erythronotos (Ornismya), 
225. 
erythronotus (Polytmus), 

225. 
eyrthronotus (Saucerottia), 
225. 
erythronotus (Trochilus), 
225,226. 
erythrorhvnehus (Amazilius), 
207. 
erythrorhynchus (Epimachus), 
17, 19. 
erythrorhynchus (Faleinellus), 
17. 
erythrorhvnehus (Irrisor), 
16) 19, 20. 
erythrorhynchus (ISTectarinia), 
17. 
erythrorhynchus (Promerops), 
19. 
erythrorhynchus (Upupa), 
19. 
esculenta (Collocalia), 
498, 509, 510. 
esculenta (Hirundo), 499, 

509. 
esculentus (Cypselus), 
509. 
esmeralcla CSmaragclitis), 
69. 
estellse (Oreotrochilus), 
334, 335. 
estellae (Orthorhynchus), 
335 
estellse (Trochilus), 335. 
Eueephala, 117, 329. 
eucharis (Cynanthus), 

147. 
eucharis (Lesbia), 146, 
147. 
eucharis (Psalidoprymna), 
147. 
eucharis (Trochilus), 147. 
euchloris (Ohlorestes), 70. 
eucbloris (Ohlorostilbon), 

eucbloris (Panychlora), 
68, 70, 656. 

euchloris (Smaragditis), 

70. 
Euclidia, 416. 
Euclosia, 326. 
Eudosia, 115, 132,416, 
Eudoxa, 91. 
Eugenes, 257, 302. 
Eugenia, 257, 316. 
Eulampis, 30, 102. 
Eupetomena, 256, 295. 
Eupherusa, 30, 72. 
euphrosinas (Doriphera), 
40. 
eaplirosine (Trochilus), 
40. 
eupogon (Metallura), 
150,155. 
Eupogonus, 341. 
europseus (Oaprimulgus), 

523, 525, 526, 532. 
europseus (Nycticheli


don), 527. 
Eurostopodus, 607. 
Burostopus, 521, 607. 
eurynome (Phaethornis), 

268, 276. 
eurynome (Trochilus), 

276. 
euryptera (Opisthoprora), 
347. 
eurypterus (Avocettinus), 

347. 
eurypterus (Polytmus), 
347. 
eurypterus (Trochilus), 
347. 
Eustephanus, 115, 156. 
Eutoxeres, 256, 261. 
evelynse (Oalothorax), 
383. 
evelynas (Doricha), 381, 
383. 
evelynas (Egolia), 383. 
evelynse (Thaumastura), 
383. 
evelynse (Trochilus), 
383. 
exilis (Bellona), 352, 354. 
exilis (Oaprimulgus), 
616. 
exilis (Trochilus), 354. 
eximia (Amazilia), 72. 
eximia (Eupherusa), 72, 
73, 656. 

eximia (Ornismya), 72. 

eximius (Oaprimulgus), 

524, 563. 

eximius (Polytmus), 72. 

exortis (Eriopus), 165. 

exortis (Heliotrypha), 

164, 165, 659. 

ALPHABETICAL IKDEX. 

exortis (Trochilus), 165. 

faberi (Oaprimulgus), 

. 549. 
falcata (Ornismya), 292. 
falcatus (Trochilus), 292. 
falcipennis (Oampylo


pterus), 292. 
fallax (Doleromyia), 177. 
fallax (Leucippus), 177. 
fallax (Polytmus), 177. 
fallax (Leucolia), 177. 
fallax (Trochilus), 177. 
fanniae (Myrtis), 417. 
fanniae (Thalurania), 76, 

81. 
fanny (Oalothorax), 417. 
fanny (Myrtis), 417. 
fanny (Ornismya), 417. 
fannyi (Trochilus), 81. 
fasciatus (Trochilus), 93. 
faustina (Uranomitra), 
197. 
feliciae (Amazilia), 204, 
226. 
felicite (Ariana), 226, 
feliciae (Chlorestes), 226. 
felicice (Erythronota), 
226. 
feliciae (Hemithylaca), 
226. 
felicise (Ornismya), 226. 
felicise (Polytmus), 226. 
felicise (Saucerottia), 226. 
feliciana (Iiylocharis), 
236. 
feliciana (Juliamyia), 
236. 
feliciana (Ornismya), 
226,236. 
fernandensis (Eustephanus), 
156, 157, 659. 
fernandensis (Mellisuga), 

157. 
fernandensis (Ornismya), 
157. 
fernandensis (Orthorhynchus), 
157. 
fernandensis (Sephanoides), 
157. 
fernandensis (Trochilus), 

157. 
ferrugineiceps (Florisuga), 
329. 
ferrugineus (Trochilus), 

42. 
fervidus (Oaprimulgus), 
523, 534. 
festivus (Lophornis), 426. 
festivus (Trochilus), 426. 
filippi (Trochilus), 279. 

fimbriatus (Trochilus), 

329. 
finschi (Oypselus), 452. 
finschi (Scotornis), 596. 
fissica udus (Oapri mulgus), 
598. 
iiabellifera (Florisuga), 

329. 
iiabellifera (Topaza), 
329; 
flabelliferus (Trochilus), 

329. 
flammula (Selaaphorus), 
392,398. 
flavescens (Amazilius), 

374. 
flavescens (Boissoneaua), 
374. 
flavescens (Olytolaema), 
374, 
flavescens (Panoplites), 
372, mQ. 
flavescens (Trochilus), 

374. 
flavicaudata (Euclosia), 
327. 
flavicaudata (Lafresnaya), 
326, 665. 
flavicaudatus (Trochilus), 

326. 
flavifrons (Hylocharis), 
51. 
flavifrons (Trochilus), 
49. 
Eloresia, 91. 
floresii (Lampornis), 
91. 
floresii (Selasphorus), 
392. 
floresii (Trochilus), 392. 
floriceps (Adelomyia), 
172. 
floriceps (Anthoeephalus), 
172. 
floriceps (Mellisuga), 

172. 
floriceps (Trochilus), 172. 
Ploricola, 117, 228. 
Florisuga, 328. 
fluviatilis (Agyrtria), 
180,188. 
fluviatilis (Leucochloris), 

189. 
fluviatilis (Polytmus), 
189. < 
fluviatilis (Thaumatias), 
188. 
foliorum (Oaprimulgus), 
527. 
forcipata 
(Hvdropsalis), 
602/ . 

6S2 

forcipata (Macropsalis), 
601, 603. 
forcipata (Thalurania), 

85. 
forcipatus (Trochilus), 
295, 
forficata Lesbia), 137. 
forficata (Mellisuga), 

137. 
forficata (Selochusa), 
598. 
forficata (Thalurania), 
84. 
forficatiis (Aithurus), 65. 
forficatiis (Oaprimulgus), 
598. 
forficatiis (Cblorostilbon), 
45,46. 
forficatiis (Cynanthus), 

137. 
forficatiis (Trochilus). 
137,156. 
forsteri (Collocalia), 


502. 
forsteri (Herse), 502. 
fossii (Oaprimulgus), 
522, 524, 551. 
frsenatus (Oaprimulgus), 

533. 
francescse (Myrtis), 417. 
franciss (Cyanomyia), 
194, 197, 660. 
franciss (Hirundo), 503. 
franciae (Leucolia), 199. 
franciae (Polytmus), 199. 
francise (Trochilus), 199. 
francias (Uranomiti*a), 

199. 
francica (Collocalia), 
497, 500, 503. 
francica (Hirundo), 503. 
francicus (Cypselus), 

504. 
francisca (Hirundo), 
503. 
fraseri (Q-laucis), 266. 
fraseri (Threnetes), 264, 
266. 
fraterculus (Phaethornis), 
270. 
frontalis (Glaucopis), 77frontalis 
(Iolaema), 322. 
frontalis (Ionolaima), 
321. 
frontalis (Trochilus), 77. 
fuciphaga (Collocalia), 
497, 498, 502, 508. 
fuciphaga (Hirundo), 
498, 508. 
fuciphagus (Cypselus), 

499. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

fucivora (Hemiprocne), 

499. 
fulgens (Clytolsema), 
302. 
fulgens (Cceligena), 302. 
fulgens (Delattria), 302. 
fulgens (Eugenes), 302. 
fulgens (Trochilus)^ 302. 
fulgidigula (Dourcieria), 
128,131. 
fulgidigula (Honiophaina), 
131. 
fulgidigula (Polyaena), 

131. 
fulgidigula (Trochilus), 
131. 
fuliginosus (Aithurus), 
65. 
fuliginosus (Cypselus), 

454. 
fullertonii (Bombycistomas), 
637. 
fullertoni (Podargus), 


637. 
fulvifrons (Trochilus), 
^ 245. 
fulviventris (Oaprimulgus), 
564. 
fulviventris (Trochilus), 

177. 
fumigatus (Chastura), 
496. 
fumigatus (Cypseloides), 
493,496. 
fumigatus (Hemiprocne), 

496. 
fumigatus (Xophocastes), 
496. 
fumosa (Clisetura), 483. 
furcata (Ornismya), 84. 
f ureata (Thalurania) 76, 
84. 
fnrcatoides (Polytmus), 
85. 
fnrcatoides (Thalurania), 

76, 85. 
furcatus (Polytmus), 84. 
furcatus (Scotornis), 

596. 
furcatus (Trochilus), 83, 
84. 
furcifer (Calliperidia), 
119. 
furcifer (Oaprimulgus), 
599. 
furcifer (Heliom aster), 
119. 
furcifer (Trochilus), 
119. 
furcifera 
(Hydrcpsalis), 
598,599, 601. 

fusca (Acanthylis), 

474. 
fusca (Chastura), 472. 
fusca (Florisuga), 328, 
331. 
fusca (Hirundo), 472. 
fusca (Topaza), 331. 
fuscicauda (Hvlocharis), 
216. 
fuscieaudata (Amazilia), 
217. 
fuscieaudata (Saucerottia), 
216. 
fuscicaudatus (Trochilus), 

216. 
fuscit-oUis (Cypselus), 
440. 
fuscus (Melanotroehilus), 
331. 
fuscus (Trochilus), 331. 
Galenia, 372. 

galerita (Mellisuga), 156. 

galeritus (Eustephanus), 

156,659. 

galeritus (Orthorhyn


chus), 156. 

galeritus (Sephanoides), 

156. 
galeritus (Trochilus), 
156. 
galilosensis (Cvpselus), 
454. 
galilejensis (Cypselus), 
452,454. 
gaumeri (Chgetura), 482. 
gayi (Calothorax), 327. 
gayi (Euclosia), 327. 
gayi (Entima), 327. 
gayi (Lafresnaya), 326, 

327. 
gayi (Trochilus), 327. 
gelafcinosa (Hemiprocne), 
499. 
geoffroyi (Colibri), 34. 
geoffroyi (Petasophora), 
34. 
geoffroyi (Polytmus), 
34. 
geoffroyi (Schistes), 33, 
34. 
geoffroyi (Trochilus), 
34. 
georginse (Avocettinus), 
347. 
georginse (Avocetfcula), 
347. 
georginse (Delattria), 
347. 
georginat (Trochilus), 
347. 
germana (Petasophora), 
106,108. 
gertrudis (Chlorestes), 

58. 
gertrudis (Chlorolainpis), 

58. 
gibsoni (Trochilus), 52. 
gierrse (Chsetura), 492. 
gigantea (Acanthylis), 

475. 
gigantea (Chsetura), 
474, 475. 
gigantea (Ornismya), 

348. 
giganfceus (Acanthylis), 

475. 
giganteus (Hirundinapus), 
475. 
gigas (Hypermetra), 

348. 
gigas (Patagona), 348, 

em. 

gigas (Trochilus), 348. 
gigliolii (Chrysolampis), 

113. 
Glaucis, 29, 41. 
Grlaucopis, 76. 
glaucopis (Ornismya), 

77. 
glaucopis (Polytmus), 

77. 
glaucopis (Thalurania), 
70, 77. 
glaucopis (Trocliilus), 77. 
glaucopoides (Eriocnemis), 
361, 367. _ 
glaucopoides (Ornismya), 

367. 
glaucopoides (Thalurania), 
367. 
glomata (Ornismya), 

363. 
glyceria (Oometes), 141. 
glyceria (Lesbia), 141. 
glyceria (Sparganura), 

141. 
glyceria (Zodalia), 141. 
godini (Eriocnemis), 
361,365. 
godini (Trochilus), 365. 
gorgo (Cyanolesbia), 
137,658. 
gorgo (Cyanolesbia 
cyanura), 138. 
gorgo (Cynanthus), 138. 
gorgo (Lesbia), 137. 
goudoti (Chalybura), 

234. 
goudoti (Gyanophaia), 
233,231. 

ALPHABETICAL THDEX. 

goudoti (Emilia), 234. 
goudoti (Hylocharis), 

234. 
goudoti (Lepidopygia), 

234. 
goudoti (Polytmus), 234. 
goudoti (Sapphironia), 

234. 
goudoti (Saucerottia), 

234. 
goudoti (Trochilus), 

234. 
gouldi (Aglaclyta), 149. 
goialdi (Bellatrix), 421. 
gouldi (Cynanthus), 

149. 
gouldi (Lesbia), 146, 149, 

658. 
gouldi (Lophornis), 420, 

421. 
gouldi (Mellisuga), 149. 
gouldi (Ornismya), 148, 

gouldi (Petasophora), 

106. 
gouldi (Podager), 621. 
gouldi (Podargus), 632. 
gouldi (Psalidoprymna), 

149. 
gouldi (Trochilus), 149, 

421. 
Goulclia, 428. 
Gouldomyia, 428. 
gounellii (Phaetornis), 

278. 
gracilis (Agaclyta), 149. 
gracilis (Caprimulgus), 

032. 
gracilis (Cynanthus), 

149. 
gracilis (Cypselus), 464, 

465. 
gracilis (Lesbia), 149. 
gracilis (Mellisuga), 149. 
gracilis (Tachornis), 464. 
gracilis (Trochilus), 149. 
grallarius (Nyctidromus), 
587. 
gramineus (Lampornis), 
91,95. 
gramineus (Polytmus), 

95. 
gramineus (Trochilus), 

95. 
granatinus (Trochilus), 

103. 
grandidieri (Chsetura), 

489. 
grandis (Caprimulgus), 

628. 

grandis (Kyetibius), 
623,625. 
grata (Leadbeatera), 

318. 
grayi (Eucephala), 239. 
grayi (Hylocharis), 239. 
grayi (Sapphironia), 

239. 
grayi (Trochilus), 239. 
grayi (Ulysses), 239. 
graysoni (Amazilia), 
203,209. 
graysoni (Amazilis), 209. 
graysoni (Pyrrhopheena), 

209. 
griseatus (Caprimulgus), 
522, 550. 
griseigularis (Eremita), 

281. 
griseigularis (Phaethornis), 
280. 
griseigularis (Pygmornis), 
280. 
griseiventris (Cyanolesbia), 
137. 
griseiventris (Cynanthus), 
137. 
griseus (Caprimulgus), 

625. 
Grypus, 36. 
guatemalensis (Cyanomyia), 
194, 198, 660. 
guatemalensis (Polytmus), 
198. 
guatemalensis (Uranomitra), 
198. 
guerini (Ornismya), 340. 
gaerini (Oxypogon), 339, 
340, m5. 
guerini (Trochilus), 340. 
guianensis (Caprimulgus), 
587. 
guianensis (Chastura), 

486. 
guianensis (Hylocharis), 

668. 
guianensis (Nyctidromus), 
588. 
guianensis (Phaethornis), 

271. 
guianensis (Trochilus), 

113. 
guimeti (Basilinna), 359. 
guimeti (Hylocharis), 

359. 
guimeti (Klais), 359, 

666. 
guimeti (Myiabeillia), 

359. 
guimeti (Adelomya), 359, 

684 

Gkiimetia, 359. 
Guira-querea, 625. 
gularis (Agapeta), 298. 
gularis (Aphantochroa), 

297, 298. 
gularis (C.impylopterus), 

298. 
gularis (Cypselus), 452. 
gularis (Ilirundo), 440. 
gularis (Trochilus), 95. 
gundlachi (Chordeiles), 
(514. 
guttatus (Oaprimulgus), 
607, 608. 
guttatus (Eurostopodus), 

608. 
guttatus (Eurostopus). 
608. 
gutturalis (Cypselus), 
440. 
guyi emiliaj (Phaethornis), 
269. 
guyi (Phaethornis), 267, 

268. 
guyi (Toxoteuches), 
268. 
guyi (Trochilus), 268. 
Guyornis, 267. 
gyrinno (Thalurania), 
84. 
haberlini (Chlorestes), 

53. 
haeberlini (Chlorostilbon), 
45, 52, 53. 
hacmatorhynchas (Amazilius), 
207. 
Halia, 239. 
harterti (Batrachosto


mus), 636, 638. 
harfclaubi (Acanthylis), 


488. 
Hausse-col dore, 96. 
hectoris (Bellona), 354. 
hedvigse (Metallura), 
155. 
helenae (Atthis), 406. 
helense (Calypte), 403, 
405. 
helense (Lophornis), 420, 
425. 
helenae (Ornismya), 
425. 
helenas (Orthorbynchus), 
405. 
helenee (Paphosia), 425. 
helena (Trochilus), 425. 
Heleothreptus, 520, 592. 
Heliactin, 260, 432. 
Heliactinia, 432. 

ALPHABETICAL ISTDEX. 

Heliaetinus, 432. 
Heliangelus, 116, 159. 
Helianthea, 115, 123. 
helianthea (Ornismya), 

124. 
helianthea (Trochilus), 
124. 
heliodori (Aeestrura), 
406, 408, 667. 
heliodori (Calothorax), 

408. 
heliodori (Chastocercus), 
408. 
heliodori (Mellisuga), 
408. 
heliodori (Ornismya), 
408. 
heliodori (Trochilus), 
408. 
Heliodoxa, 257, 317. 
Heliomaster, 115, 119. 
Heliomastes, 228. 
Heliopedica, 117, 252. 
helios (Colibri), 422. 
Heliothrix, 29, 30. 
Ileliotrypha, 116, 104. 
Heliotryphon, 104. 
heloisa (Trochilus), 411. 
heloisce (Atthis), 411. 
heloisse (Ornismya), 
411. 
heloisa? (Seiasphorus), 
411. 
heloisse (Trypluena), 

411. ™
Helynms, 164. 
hemileuca (Cceligena). 
311. 
hemileuca (Delattria), 
308, 311. 
hemileuca (Oreopyra), 

hemileucura (Elvira), 

173. 
hemileucurus 
(Campylopterus), 
288, 291, 

664. 
hemileucurus (Leucolia), 
173. 
hemileucurus (Phlogophilus), 
173. 
hemileucurus (Polytmus,), 

291. J ^ 
hemileucurus (Trochilus), 
291. 
hemileucus (Trochilus), 

311. 
Hemiprocne, 470. 
Hemistephania, 29, 38. 
Hemistilbon, 203. 
Hemithylaca, 203. 
hendersoni (Laremornis), 

91, 99. 
henieura (Myrtis), 381. 
henicurus (Calothorax), 

381. 
henrica (Ornismya), 308. 
henriea (Topaza), 309. 
henrici (Chariessa), 309. 
henriei (Cceligena), 309. 
henrici (Delattria), 308. 
henrici (Heliangelus), 
henrici (Lampornis), 
309. 
henrici (Lamprolaema), 
309. 
henryi (Oaprimulgus). 
612. 
henryi (Chordeiles), 
612. 
henryi (Heliodoxa), 

319. 
henshawi (Seiasphorus), 
393. 
herrani (Calothorax), 
345. 
herrani (Chalcostigma), 
345. 
herrani (Eupogonus), 
345. 
herrani (Laropropogon), 
345. 
herrani (Rhamphornicron), 
342, 345. 
herrani (Trochilus), 

345. 
hesperus (Diphlogoena), 
121,123. 
heteropogon (Chalcostigma), 
343. 
heteropogon (Lampropogon), 
343. 
heteropogon (Ornismya), 

343. 
heteropogon 
(Rhamphomicron), 
342, 343, 

heteropogon (Trochilus), 

343. 
heteropygia (Ornismya), 
381. 
heteropygia (Trochilus), 
381. 
heterura (Eutoxeres), 
261, 262. 
heterura (G-rypus), 262. 
Himelia, 308. 
Hirondelle a queue poin


tue de Cayenne, 483. 

Hirondelle a queue pointue 
de la Louisiane, 

484. 
Hirondelle acutipenne, 
483. 
Hirondelle 
hrune acutipeiine 
de la Louisiane, 

484. 
Hirondelle de la Caroline, 
480. 
Hirondelle noire acutipenne 
dela Martinique, 
48G. 

hirsute. (G-laucis), 41, 42, 

655. 
birsutus (Phaethornis), 
#42. 
hirsutus (Polytmus), 

42. 
hirsutus (Trochilus), 
41. 
Hirundapus, 470. 
hirundinacea (Eupetomena), 
295. 
hirundinacea (Ornismya), 

295. 
hirundinaceus (Caprimulgus), 
615. 
hirundinaceus (Oolibri), 

429. 
hirundinaceus (Trochilus), 
295. 
Hirundinapus, 470. 
hispida (Ptyonornis), 

273. 
hispidus (Phaethornis), 
267, 273, 663. 
hispidus (Trochilus), 

273. 
hodgsoni (Batrachostomus), 
637, 642. 
hodgsoni (Otothrix), 

642. 
hoffinann i (Hemithylaea), 
224. 
holosericeus (Eulampis), 
102,104. 
holosericeus (Lampornis), 
104, 
holosericeus (Polytmus), 

104. 
holosericeus (Sericotes), 
104. 
Homophaina, 132. 
Hoopoe, The, 4. 
horus (Cypselus), 452. 
huniboldti (Chrysurisca), 
250. 
humboldti (Chrysuronia), 
248,250. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

humboldti (Hylocharis), 

250. 
humboldti (Trochilus), 
250. 
humeralis (Caprimulgus), 
632. 
humeralis (Podargus), 
632. 
huinilis (Mellisuga), 410. 
Humming Bird, 399. 
Humming Bird, Admirable, 
174. 
Humming Bird, Black-
capped, 64. 
Humming Bird, Long-
tailed, 64. 
Humming Bird, Long-

tailed Black Cap, 64. 
Huppe, la, 6. 
Huppe d'Afrique, la, 14. 
Huppe ou Puput, la, 4. 
Hydropsalis, 520, 598. 
Hylocharis, 117, 245. 
Hylonympha, 258, 325. 
Hypermetra, 348. 
hyperythrus (Oampylo


pterus), 288, 295. 
hyperythrus (Loxopterus), 
295. 
hyperythrus (Platystylopterus), 
295. 
hypochlora (Thalurania), 

76,78. 
Hypochrysea, 123. 
hypocyanea (Eucephala), 

239,244. 
hypocyanea (Hylocharis), 

244. 
hypoleuca (Calloealia), 
509. 
hypoleucus (Trochilus), 
200. 
Hypolia, 317. 
hypophasus (Trochilus), 
113. 
Hypophania, 91. 
hyposticta (Aphantochroa), 
297, 298. 
hyposticta (Polytmus), 

298. 
Hypuroptila, 87. 
Iache, 29, 59. 
Ibijau, 614. 
Ibiyau, 587. 
Ibiyau acanelado, 598. 
Ibivau alas y cola blancas, 


582. 
Ibiyau anonimo, 598. 
Ibiyau cola de tixera, 599. 
Ibiyau jaspeado, 610. 
icterocephalus (Trochilus), 
403. 
icterorhynchus (Promerops), 
26. 
idalise (Phaethornis), 

284. 
idaliffi (Pygmornis), 280, 
284. 
idalits (Trochilus), 284. 
Idas, 419. 
igneus (Ohlorostilbon), 
51. 
imperatrix (Clytolsema), 
316. 
imperatrix (Eugenia), 
316. 
imperatrix (Trochilus), 
316. 
inca (Bourcieria), 128, 
129. 
inca (Diphlogasna), 129. 
inca (Homophaina), 
129. 
inca (Polysena), 129. 
inca (Trochilus), 129. 
incertus (Sporadinus), 
227. 
incultus (Eriocnemis), 
362, 372. 
indica (Ohsetura), 471, 

475. 
indica (Upupa), 4, 6, 10. 
indicus (Caprimulgus), 
553,555. 
inexpectata (Collocalia), 

505. 
inexpectata (Panychlora), 
68, 69. 
infumata (Tachornis), 

467. 
infumatus (Cypselus), 
467. 
infuscata (Collocalia), 
504. 
infuscatus (Caprimulgus), 
560. 
innominata (Collocalia), 
497, 503. 
inornata (Adelisca), 172. 
inornata (Adelomyia), 

169,172. 
inornata (Mellisuga), 

172. 
inornata (Metallura), 
172. 
inornata (Trochilus), 
172. 
inornatus 
(OampylO" 
pterus), 119. 

686 

inornatus (Oaprimulgus), 
522, 525, 55G. 
inomatus (Rhamphomicron), 
172. 
inquietus (Oypselus), 

500. 
insectivora (Bourcieria), 
128,120. 
insectivora (Diphlogama), 

130. 
insectivora (Homophaina), 
130. 
insectivorus (Trochilus), 

129. 
insignibarbis (Lophornis), 
410. 
insignis (iEgotheles), 646, 

647. 
insignis (Clytoiaeraa), 150. 
insignis (Panterpe), 158. 
insularis (Clilorostilbon), 
51. 
intermedia (Urosticte), 
167,168. 
intermedins (Phaethornis), 
276, 283. 
intermedins (Ptyonornis), 
277. 
intermedins (Pygrnornis), 
277,283. 
intermedins (Trochilus), 

283. 
iodura (Amazilia), 204, 
219. 
iodura (Eratina), 220. 
Iodura (Heinithylaca), 
219. 
iodura (Pyrrhophaena), 
219. 
iodura (Saucerottia), 219, 
220. 
iodurus (Trochilus), .219. 
Iotema, 257, 321. 
iolasma (Ptochoptera), 
389. 
iolasma (Riccordia), 389. 
iolsema (Thalurania), 
389. 
iolata (Petasopbora), 106, 
107, 657. 
iolata (Polytmus), 107. 
iolata (Praxilla), 107. 
Ionolaima, 321. 
iradii (Cypselus), 469. 
iradii (Tachornis), 469. 
iridescens (Oalliphlox), 

388. 
iridescens (Chlorolampis), 
389. 
iridescens (Lampornis), 

93. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

iridescens (Smaradochry


sis), 388. 
iris (Diphlogrena), 121. 
iris (Hypochrysea), 121. 
iris (Trochilus), 121. 
Irrisor, 16. 
isaaesoni (Eriocnemis), 

362,369. 
isaaesoni (Eriopus), 360. 
isaaesoni (Helianthea), 

360. 
isaaesoni (Ornismva), 
369. 
isaaesoni (Pkeuonoe), 
360. 
isaaesoni (Saturia), 369. 
isabellinus (Oaprimulgus), 
562. 
isauras (Ohalybura), 89. 
isaurae (Hy puroptila), 87, 

80. 
isaura* (Lampornis), 00. 
isaurse (Polytmus), 93. 
jacksoni (Irrisor), 17, 21. 
jacula (Clytolsema), 310. 
jacula (Oceligena), 319. 
jacula (Heliodoxa), 317, 

319, mo. 
jacula (Leadbeatera), 


319. 
jacula (Trochilus), 319. 
jamaieensis (Oaprimulgus), 
625. 
jamaicensis cauda bifurca 
(Trochilus), 64. 
jamaicensis (Kyctibius), 
623, 625. 
jamaicensis (Polytmus), 

91. 
jamesoni (Clvtolaema), 
320. 
jamesoni (Oceligena), 
320. 
jamesoni (Leadbeatera), 
320. 
jamesoni (Heliodoxa), 
317,320. 
jamesoni (Oreotrochilus), 
334.. 
jamesoni (Trochilus), 

320. 
jardinii (Florisuga), 
372. 
jardinii (G-alenia), 373. 
jardinii (Panoplites), 
jardinii (Trochilus), 372. 
jaspideus (Oaprimulgus), 

610. 
Javan Goatsucker, 537. 
javanensis (Batrachostonius), 
639, 640. 
javanensis (Podargus), 

640. 
javensis 
(Batrachosfomus), 
637, 639, 640, 

642. 
javensis (Podargus), 640. 
jelskii (Metallura), 150, 
' 151. 
jelskii (Thalurania), 76, 
84. 
johannas (Dorypkera), 
Johanna (Heniistepka


nia), 38, 40, 655. 

johannaj (Trochilus), 40. 

jolata CColibri), 107. 

josephinse (Ohrysurisea), 

249. 
josepbinaj (Chrysuronia), 
249. 
josephina} (Hylocharis), 
249.^ 
josephinaj (Ornismva), 


249. 
josephinse (Polytmus), 
249. 
jotaka (Oaprimulgus), 
522, 524, §52. 
jourdani (Calothorax), 

415. t 
jourdani (Chastocercus), 
414, 415. 
jourdani (Mellisuga), 

415. 
jourdani (Ornismya), 
415. 
jourdani (Osalia), 415. 
jourdani (Trochilus), 
415. 
jucunda (Eranna), 216. 
jugularis (Eulampis), 
102, 103. 
jugularis (Polytmus), 

103. 
jugularis (Trochilus), 103. 
julias (Damophila), 236, 
237. 
julise (Hylocharis), 236. 
julise (Juliamyia), 236. 
Juliamyia, 235. 
julie (Ornismya), 236. 
kelaarti (Oaprimulgus), 

555. 
kieneri (Ornismya), 375. 
Mngi (Lesbia), 137. 
kingi (Mellisuga), 156. 
kingi (Ornismya), 137. 
kingi (Sephanoides), 156. 
kingi (Trochilus), 137. 
klaesii (Chaetura), 491. 
klaesii (Hirundinapus), 

491. 
Klais, 259, 359. 
klecho (Oypselus), 514. 
klecho (Hirundo), 514. 
klecho (Macropteryx), 

514. 

labeculatus (Caprirnulgus), 
615. 
labeculatus (Chordeiles), 

615. 
labrador (Lucifer), 390, 

417. 
labrador (Trocliilus), 

417. 
lactea (Oyanocbloris), 

247. 
lactea (Hylocharis), 245, 

247. 
lactea (Ornismya), 247. 
lactea (Sappbironia), 247. 
laeteus (Trochilus), 247. 
Lafresnaya, 258, 326. 
lafresnayi (Oalothorax), 

327. 
lafresnayi (Entima), 327. 
lafresnayi (Euclosia), 

327. 
lafresnayi (Ornismya), 

326. 
lafresnayi (Trochilus), 

326. 
lalandi (Cephalepis), 

356. 
Lampornis, 30, 91. 
Lampraster, 258, 323. 
lamprocephalus (Trochilus), 
404. 
Lamprolasma, 257, 314. 
lamprolophus (Irrisor), 

16. 
Lampropogon, 341. 
Lampropygia, 115, 132. 
lanceolata (G-laueis), 42. 
langsdorffi (G-ouldia), 

429. 
langsdorffi (MeUisuga), 

429. 
langsclorfFi (Ornismya), 

429. 
langsdorffi (Orthorhynchus), 
429. 
langsdorffi (Prymnacantha), 
428, 429. 
langsdorffi (Stenopsis), 

582. 
langsdorffi (Trochilus), 

429. 

\LPHABTCTTCHL INDEX. 

largipennis (Oampylopterus), 
288. 
largipennis (Polytmus), 

289. 
largipennis (Trochilus), 

288. 
laticaudus (Capriniulgus), 
587. 
laticlavius (Heliangelus), 
159, 160, 659. 
latipennis (Oampyloplerus), 
289. 
latipennis (Ornismya), 

289. 
latipennis (Trochilus), 

289. 
latirostris (Amazilius), 
60, 205. 
latirostris (Caprimulgus), 

531. 
latirostris (Oirce), 60. 
latirostris (Cynanthus), 

60. 
latirostris (Hylocharis), 
60, 245. 
latirostris (lache), 60. 
latirostris (Trochilus), 

245. 
Lavinia, 150. 
lawrencii (Amazilia), 
204, 215, 661. 
lawrencii (lache), 60, 61. 
lazula (Cyanophaia), 60. 
lazulus (Campylopterus), 
288, 292, 664. 
lazulus (Polytmus), 292. 
azulus (Ssepiopterns), 

292. 
azulus (Trochilus), 292. 
Leadbeatera, 317. 
leadbeateri (Aspasta), 

318. 
leadbeateri (Clytolsema), 

318. 
leadbeateri (Heliodoxa), 
317, 665. 
leadbeateri (Hypolia), 

318. 
leadbeateri parvula 
(Heliodoxa), 318. 
leadbeateri (Trochilus), 

317. 
Least Humming Bird, 

409. 
lentiginosus (Caprimulgus), 
536, 524. 
Leobia, 142. 
leocardise (Floricola), 
229, 231. 
leocardise (Heliomaster), 

232. 

leocardisa (Heliomastes), 

232. 
leocardiaj (Trochilus), 

232. 
Leona G-oatsiieker, 594. 
leopet es (Caprimulgus), 

583. 
lepida (Tilmatura), 385. 
Lepiclolarynx, 115, 120, 
Lepidopyga, 233. 
Lepidoria, 117. 
lerchi (Eucephala), 240. 
lerchi (Thalurania), 240. 
lerchi (Timolia), 240. 
lerdi (Thaumatias), 213. 
lerebouleti (Trochilus), 

62. 
Lesbia, 115, 136, 146. 
lessoni (Amazilia), 205. 
lessoni (Avocettinus), 

101. 
lessoni (Diphlogsena), 

136. 
lessoni (Ornismya), 60. 
lessoni (Uranomitra), 

198. 
letitiae (G-ouldia), 431. 
letitise (MeUisuga), 431. 
letitise (Mythinia), 431. 
letitiss (Mytinia), 431. 
letitise (Prymnacantha), 
428, 431. 
letitise (Trochilus), 431. 
Leucaria, 403. 
leucaspis (Diphlogasna), 

306. 
leucaspis (Oreopyra), 

306. 
Leucippus, 117, 200. 
Leucochloris, 116, 178. 
leucochlorus (Polytmus), 

175. 
Leucodora, 203. 
leucogaster (iEgotheles), 
651, 652. 
leucogaster (Agyrtria), 
179,181. 
leucogaster (Leucippus), 

201. 
leucogaster (Leucolia), 

181. 
leucogaster (Polytmus), 

181. 
leucogaster (Thaumatias), 
181. 
leucogaster (Trochilus), 
181,200. 
leuconotus (Ovpselus), 

474. 
leuconyx (Oypselus), 

450. 

688 

leuconyx (Micropus), 
437, 450. 
leucophiea (Arnazilia), 
203, 205. 
leucophsea (Collocalia), 
497, 502. 
leucophsea (Macropteryx), 
502. 
leucophasa (Pyrrhopbaena), 
205. 
leucophrys, (Phaethornis), 
276. 
leucophrys (Trochilus), 

276. 
leucopleurus (Oreotrochilus), 
334, 336, 6Q5. 
leucopleurus (Trochilus), 

336. 
leucoproctus (Polytmus), 
176. 
leucopterus (Oaprimulgus), 
624. 
leucopterus (Ohordeiles), 

624. 
leucopterus (Nyctibius), 
624, 623. 
leucopyga (Hirundo), 


448. 
leucopygia (Collocalia), 
497, m. 
leucopygia (Hirundo), 

487. 
leucopygia (Nyctiprogae), 
619. 
leucopygia (Palleue), 
487,* 490. 
leucopygialis (Acanthylis), 
490. 
leucopygialis (Cbastura), 

490. 
leucopygialis (Oypselus), 
457. 
leucopygialis (Rhaphidura), 
490. 
leucopygius (Oolibri), 

321. 
leucopygus (Oaprimulgus), 
619. 
leucopygus (Ohordeiles), 
619.* 
leucopygus (Lurocalis), 

619. 
leucopygus (Podochaetes), 
619. 
leucorrhous (Chrysobronchus), 
176. 
leucorrhous (Oypselus), 

450. 
leucorrhous 
(Polytmus), 
174,176. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

leueotis (Basilinna), 2o2f 

662. 
leueotis (Goeligena), 253. 
leueotis (Heliopsedioa), 
253. 
leueotis (Hytocharis), 
253. 
leueotis (Thaumatias), 
253. 
leueotis (Trochilus), 252. 
leucura (Urochroa), 301. 
leucurus (Oaprimulgus), 
582. 
leucurus (Glaucis), 264. 
leucurus (Polytmus), 
264. 
leucurus (Threnetes), 
264. 
leucurus (Trochilus), 
264. 
levaillanti (Promerops), 
24. 
leyboldi (Eustephanus), 
156, 158. 
libussa (Anactoria), 160. 
ligonicauda (Discosura), 

432. 
ligonicaudus (Trochilus), 
432. 
linehi (Collocalia), 498, 
500, 508. 
lindeni (Ornismya), 339. 
lindeni (Orypogon), 

339. 
lindeni (Trochilus), 339. 
linnasi (Leueochloris), 
_ 187. 
linnsei (Polytmus), 187. 
linncei (Thaumatias), 

186. 
Lisoria, 203. 
Little Brown Humming 
Bird, 393. 
loddigesi (Bellona), 347. 
loddigesi (Oephalolepis), 

356, 357. 
loddigesi (Orthorhynchus), 
357. 
loddigesi (Trochilus), 

357. 
Loddigesia, 259, 355. 
Loddigesiornis, 355. 
longicauda (Scotornis), 
596. 
longicauda (Trochilus), 
longieaudatus (Oaprimulgus), 
626. 
longieaudatus (Nyctibius), 
623, 626. 

longicaudis (Oaprimulgus), 
596. 
longicaudus (Oaprimulgus), 
596. 
longicaudus (Platurus), 

432. 
longicaudus (Scortornis), 
596. 
longipennis (Oaprimulgus), 
594. 
longipennis (Oypselus), 

514. 
longipennis (Dendrochelidon), 
514. 
longipennis (Hirundo), 

514. 
longipennis (Macrodipteryx), 
594. 
longipennis (Macropteryx), 
512, 514. 
longipennis (iScotornis), 

596. 
longirostris (Oaprimulgus), 
585. 
longirostris (Eulampis), 

104. 
longirostris (Florieola), 
228, 229, 661. 
longirostris (Heliomastes), 
229. 
longirostris (Heliothrix). 

31. 
longirostris (Mellisuga), 
229. 
longirostris (Ornismya), 
229, 272. 
longirostris 
(Phaethornis), 
267, 270, 272, 

663. 
longirostris (Sericotes), 
104. 
longirostris (Stenopsis), 
582, 585. 
longirostris (Trochilus), 

229. 
longirostris (Upupa), 
10. 
longuemareus (Phaetornis), 
278. 
longuemareus (Phaethomis), 
283. 
longuemareus(Troehilus), 

283. 
longuemarii (Pygmornis), 
280, 283. 
Lophorinus, 419. 
Lophornis, 105, 260, 

419. 
lophotes (Lophornis), 
423. 
loriee (JEgotheles), 650, 

646. 
L'Orvert, 56. 
lowi (Oollocalia), 497, 
498. 
lowi (Cypselus), 498. 
Loxopterus, 288. 
lucise (Agyrtria), 179, 
188. 
luciae (Thalurania), 77. 
luciae (Thaurnantias), 77. 
lucise (Thauniatias), 188. 
Luciani, 360. 
luciani (Erioenemis), 
361, 366. 
luciani (Eriopus), 366. 
luciani (Hylocharis), 366. 
luciani (Phemonoe), 366. 
luciani (Trochilus), 366. 
lucida (Amazilia), 204, 

220. 
lucida (Pyrrhophasna), 
220. 
lucida (Sapphironia), 
253. 
lucidus (Trochilus), 252. 
Lucifer, 390. 
lucifer (Calothorax), 390. 
lucifer (Cynanthus), 390. 
lucifer (Trochilus), 390. 
ludovicias (Dorifera), 39. 
ludoyicise (Hemistephania), 
38, 39, 055. 
ludoyicise (Trochilus), 

39. 
lugens (Erioenemis), 362, 
371. 
lugens (Eriopus), 371. 
lugens (Hylocharis), 371. 
lugens (Threptria), 371. 
lugubris (Ornismya), 
331. 
lumachella (Heliotrypha), 
36. 
lumachellus (Augastes), 
35, 36. 
lumachellus (Hylocharis), 
36. 
lumachellus (Rhamphomicron), 
36. 
lumachillus (Trochilus), 

36. 
luminosa (Oyanophaia), 
233, 235. 
luminosa (Emilia), 235. 
luminosa (Iolsema), 321, 

323. 
luminosa (Lepidopygia), 
luminosa (Sapphironia), 

235. 
TOL. XYI, 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

lunulatus (iEgotheles), 

651. 
Lurocalis, 521, 621. 
lutetise (Oalligenia), 126. 
lutetias (DiphlogEena), 
126. 
lutetise (Helianthea), 
124, 126. 
lutetise (Trochilus), 126. 
lydia (Thalurania), 81. 
Lyncomis, 520, 603. 
lyra (Hydropsalis), 602. 
lyra (Macropsalis), 601, 

602. 
lyrura (Doricha), 381, 
383. 
macrocerca (Hylonympha),
325, 326. 
macroeercus (Scotornis), 

596. 
macrodipterus (Oaprimulgus), 
594. 
macrodipterus (Macroclipteryx), 
594. 
Macrodipteryx, 520,594. 
macromystax (Antro


stomus), 568, 570. 
macromystax (Caprimul


gus), 525, 570, 
Macropsalis, 520, 601. 
macroptera (Chsetura), 

472. 
macroptera (Pallene), 
473. 
macropterus (Lyncornis), 
604, 606. 
macropterus (Psalurus), 

598. 
Macropteryginsas, 436, 
511. 
Macropteryx, 512. 
macrorhyncha (Stenopsis), 
586. 
macrorhynchus (Podargus), 
634. 
macrotis (Oaprimulgus), 

605. 
macrotis ( Lyncornis), 
604, 605. 
macrura (Prognornis), 

295. 
macrurus (Oaprimulgus), 
523,524,531,537,544. 
macrurus (Polytmus), 

296. 
macrurus (Trochilus), 
295. 
maculata (Adelisca), 170. 
maculata (Adelomyia), 
170. 
maculata (Agyrtria), 187. 
maculata melanogenys 
(Adelomyia), 170. 
maculatum (Rhamphodon), 
37. 
maeulatus (Oaprimulgus), 
527. 
maeulatus (Trochilus), 
95, 170. 
maculicauda (Agyrtria), 
179, 188. 

maculicauda (Oaprimulgus), 
522, 525, 575. 
maculicauda (Leuco


chloris), 188. 
maculicauda (Thaumatias), 
188. 
maculicaudus (Antrostomus), 
575. 
maculicaudus (Stenopsis), 

575. 
maculicollis (Ohlorestes), 
70. 
maculicollis (Panychlora), 
70. 
maculicollis (Smaragditis), 
70. 
maculigera (Upupa), 6. 
madagascariensis (Oapri


mulgus), 524, 535. 
magica (Circe), 61. 
magica (Hylocharis), 61. 
magica (lache), 60, 61. 
magnifica (Bellatrix), 

422. 
magnifica (Idas), 422. 
magnifica (Ornismya), 
422. 
magnificus (Lophorms), 
420, 422. 
magnificus (Trochilus), 

422. 
mahrattensis (Oaprimulgus), 
524, 542, 561. 
major (Upupa), 6. 
malaisia (Hemiprocne), 

499. 
malaris (Phaethornis), 
270. 
malaris (Trochilus), 270. 
malvina (Ohlorestes), 
186. 
malvinse (Agyrtria), 184. 
mango (Anthracothorax), 
93. 
mango (Lampornis), 
91. 
mango (Meliisuga), 91. 
mango (Polytmus), 93. 
mango (Trochilus), 91, 
93. 
2z 

manilensis (Caprirnulgus), 
524, 544. 
inanurus (Oaprimulgus), 

598. 
margarethse (Delattria), 
308, 310. 
margarethas (Lesbia),138. 
margaritacea (Agyrtria), 

190. 
margaritaceus (Lampornis), 
96. 
inargaritaeeus (Trochilus), 
96. 
Margarochrysis, 91. 
inarginata (Collocalia), 
497, 508 
inarginata (Upupa), 4,13. 
raarginipennis(Cypselus), 

469. 
marine (Amazilia), 209, 

211. 
marias (Ohlorestes), 209. 
marine (Hylocharis), 209. 
marice (Saucerottia), 

209. 
marise (Smaragditis), 209. 
marias (Trochilus), 65, 

209. 
marmoratus (Podargus), 
630, 635. 
Marsyas, 57. 
Martinet, 442. 
Martinet a croupion 
blano. 450. 
Martinet a gorge blanche* 

440. 
Martinet de Saint-Domingue, 
494. 
Martinet noir, 442. 
matthewsi (Boissoneaua), 

373. 
matthewsi (Clytolaema), 

373. 
matthewsi (Heliodoxa), 

373. 
matthewsi (Panoplites), 

373. 
matthewsi (Trochilus), 

373. 
maugsei (Ornismya), 58. 
maugaeus (Ohlorolampis), 

58. 
maugseus (Sporadinus), 
57,58. 
maugseus (Trochilus), 58. 
mavors (Anactoria), 163. 
mayors (Heliangelus), 
159,163. 
mavors (Mellisuga), 163. 
mayors (Peratus), 163. 
mavors (Trochilus), 163. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

maxima (Collocalia), 503. 
mazeppa (Grlaucis), 42. 
mazeppa (Trochilus), 42. 
mcleodi (Otophanes), 581. 
media (Agyrtria), 56. 
megacephalus (Caprimulgas), 
632. 
megacephalus (Podargus), 
632. 
melananthera (Discura), 

375. 
melananthera (Spathura), 
375, 376. 
melananthera (Steganura), 
375, 
melananthera (Trochilus), 
375. 
melanogaster (Oreotrochilus), 
334, 337. 
melanogenys (Adelomyia), 
169, 659. 
melanogenys (Mellisuga), 

169. 
melanogenys (Bhamphomicron), 
169. 
melanogenys (Trochi lus), 
169. 
melanoleuca (Panyptila), 

459. 
melanoleucus (Aeronautes), 
459. 
melanoleucus (Oypselus), 

459. 
melanoleucus (Micropus), 

460. 
melanopogon (Caprimulgus), 
553. 
melanorhyuchus (Chlorostilbon), 
45, 53. 
melanorhynchus(Irrisor), 

19. 
melanorhyuchus (JNectarinia), 
19. 
melanorrhoa (Chalybura), 
90. 
melanorrhoa (Hypuroptila), 
87, 90. 
melanorrhoa (Lampornis), 
90. 
melanorrhoa (Polytmus), 

98. 
melanosternon (G-ouldia), 

429. 
melanosternon (Trochi lus), 
429. 
melanotis (Heliopediea), 

253. 
melanotis (Hylocharis), 

253. 
melanotis (Phaethornis), 

276. 

melanotis (Trochilus), 

276. 
Melanotrochilus, 328. 
melanotus (Trochilus), 

252. 
melanura (Grlaucis), 42. 
melba alpinus (Oypselus), 

439. 
melba (Apus), 439. 
melba (Oypselus), 438. 
melba (Hirundo), 438. 
melba (Micropus), 438. 
melba microrhynchus 
(Oypselus), 439." 
meliphila (Agyrtria), 56. 
Mellisuga, 76, 260, 

409. 
mellisuga (Agyrtria), 

192. 
Mellisuga americana 
gutture topazino, 113. 
Mellisuga avis maxima, 
64, 91. 
Mellisuga avis minima, 

409. 
Mellisuga brasiliensis 
gutture topazino, 113. 
mellisuga (Ohlorestes), 

70. 
mellisuga (Ornismya), 

56. 
mellisuga (Thaumatius), 

181. 
mellisugus (Trochilus), 

181. 
mellivora (Florisuga), 
328, 329, 665. 
mellivora (Ornismya), 

329. 
mellivora (Topaza), 329. 
mellivorus (Trochilus), 

329. 
merguiensis (Collocalia), 

506. 
Merion, 44. 
meritti (Clais), 359. 
meritti (Mellisuga), 359. 
merrilli (Nyetidromus), 

591. 
mesoleuca (Ornismya), 

120. 
mesoleuca (Ornithomyia), 
120. 
mesoleucus (Calothorax), 

120. 
mesoleucus (Heliomaster), 
120. 
mesoleucus (Lepidolarynx), 
120. 
mesoleucus (Trochilus), 

120. 

Metallura, 115,150. 
Methon, 87. 
niexicanus (Polytmus), 

104. 
naicans (Panycblora), 68, 
71, 656. 
micrastur (Heliangalus), 

166. 
micrastur (Heliotrypha), 
164, 166. 
micrastur (Helymus), 

166. 
Microchera, 29, 66. 
Micropus, 436, 437, 470. 
microrhyncha (Cyanomyia), 
194, 197. 
microrhyncha (Ornismya), 
342. 
micro rhyncha (Uranomitra), 
197. 
microrhynchus (Hhamphomicron), 
341, 342, 

665. 
microrhynchus (Trochilus), 
342. 
micrura (Acestrura), 406, 

409. 
micrura (Myrmia), 409. 
inicrurus (Calothorax), 

409. 
milleri (Agyrtria), 179, 
182, 660. 
milleri (Leucolia), 182. 
milleri (Thaumatias), 

182. 
milleri (Polytmus), 182. 
milleri (Trochilus), 182. 
Milornis, 267. 
lnindanensis (Lyncornis), 
604, 605. 
minima (Dyrinia), 410. 
minima (Hylocharis), 

410. 
minima (Ornismya), 410. 
minimus (Trochilus), 

409. 
minimus variegatus (Polytmus), 
409. 
minor (Oapriinulgus), 

614. 
minor (Chordeiles), 613. 
minor (Epimachus), 26. 
minor (Hemiprocne), 
478, 479. 
minor (Irrisor), 26. 
minor (Promerops), 26. 
minor (Ehinopomastus), 
24, 26. 
minor (Upupa), 10, 14. 
minusculus (Cypselus), 

469. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX* 

minufculus (Trochilus), 

410. 
minutus (Chordeiles), 

619. 
mirabilis (Loddigesia), 

355. 
mirabilis (Loddigesiornis), 
355. 
mirabilis (Mul santia), 

355. 
mirabilis (Platura), 355. 
mirabilis (Thaumantoessa), 
355. 
mirabilis (Trochilus), 

355. 
mitchelli (Amathusia), 

388. 
mitchelli (Oalliphlox), 
386, 388 
mitchelli (Philodice), 

388. 
mitchelli (Trochilus), 

388. 
mitchelli (Tryphama), 

388. 
mocoa (Oyanolesbia), 
137, 140. 
mocoa (Cynanthus), 140. 
mocoa (Lesbia), 140. 
mocoa (Trochilus), 140. 
Mornus, 280. 
moniliger (Batrachostomus), 
637, 644. 
montanus (Cypselus), 

454. 
montanus (Trochilus), 

396. 
monticola (Caprimulgus), 
522, 524, 547. 
montrvagus (Cypselus), 

458. 
montivagus (Micropus), 
437, 458. 
Montvoyau la G-uyane, 

587. 
moorei (Phaethornis), 
270, 272. 
moschita (Mellisuga), 

113. 
moschitus (Chrysolampis), 
113, 657. 
moschitus (Trochilus), 

113. 
mosquera (Eriocnemis), 
362, 369. 
mosquera (Eriopus), 

369. 
mosquera (Hylocharis), 

369. 
mosquera (Threptia), 

369. 

mosquera (Trochilus), 

369. 
Mosqueria, 360. 
mosquita (Chrysolampis), 

113. 
mossai (Sparganura), 141. 
mossambicus (Caprimulgus), 
551. 
mos&ia (Cometes), 141. 
mozambiquus (Caprimulgus), 
551. 
mulsanti (Acestrura), 
406, 667. 
mulsanti (Calothorax), 

406. 
mulsanti (Ghastocercus), 

406. 
mulsanti (Mellisuga) ,406. 
mulsanti (Ornismya), 

406. 
mulsanti (Polymnia), 

407. 
mulsanti (Trochilus), 407. 
Mulsantia, 355. 
murarius (Apus), 443. 
murarius (Brachypus), 

442. 
murarius (Cypselus), 
443, 446, 448. 
murarius (Micropus), 

442. 
murinus (Micropus), 
437, 445, 446. 
Myiabeillia, 358. 
Myiaetina, 261. 
Myletes, 203. 
myochrous (Cypselus), 
463, 465. 
myochrous (Micropus), 
463, 465. 
myoptilus (Cypselus), 

459. 
Myrmia, 406. 
Myrtis, 260, 416. 
my stacalis(Oaprimulgus), 

607. 
mystacalis (Cypselus), 

516. 
mystacea (Hirundo), 

516. 
mystacea (Macropteryx), 
512,516. 
mystaceus (Apus), 516. 
mystaceus (Cypselus), 

516. 
mystaceus (Dendrochelidon), 
516. 
mystaceus (Pallestre), 

516. 
mystacina (Dendrochelidon), 
516. 

2x2 

mystax (Oolibri), 426. 
Mythinia, 428. 
Mytinia, 428. 

Naeunda, 619. 
nacunda (Caprimulgus \ 

619. 
nacunda (Podager), 619. 
nsevius (Grypus), 37. 
naevius (Rhamphodon), 
37. 
naevius (Trochilus), 37. 
Nania, 360. 
napensis (Chlorolampis), 
56. 
napensis (ChlorostUbon), 
56. 
natalensis (Capriniulgus), 
522, 524, 564. 
natalis (Collocalia), 498, 

511. 
nattereri (Caprimulgus), 
621. 
nattereri (Chordeiles), 
621. 
nattereri (Lurocalis), 
621. 
nattereri (Ornismya), 
35. 
nattereri (Phaethornis), 
268,278. 
nattereri (Podager), 621. 
nattereri (Urocolus), 621, 

622. 
neera (Ohrysuronia), 
248, 249. 
neera (Ornismya), 249. 
negleota (Agyrtria), 179, 

183. 
negleota (Collocalia), 498, 
511. 
neglecta (Leucolia), 183. 
negleetus (Thaumatias), 
183. 
nehrkorni (Cyanolesbia), 
145. 
nehrkorni (ISFeolesbia), 
145. 
Neolesbia, 115,145. 
Nephoeaetes, 492. 
Nephoecetes, 492. 
niansae (Oypselus), 459. 
niansae (Micropus), 459. 
Niche, 360. 
nidifica (Collocalia), 499. 
niger (Oypseloides), 493, 
494, 495. 
niger (Oypselus), 443, 

494. 
niger (Nephocastes), 494, 
495. 
ALPHABETICAL 13STDEX. 

niger (Trochilus), 321. 

nigra (Hirundo), 450. 

494. 
nigra (Hylocharis), 410. 
nigra (Ornismya), 331. 
nigrescens(Antrostomus), 
572. 
nigrescens (Caprimulgus). 
521, 522, 572. 
nigrescens (Stenopsis), 

572. 
nigricans (Scotornis), 
596. 
nigricauda (Agyrtria), 
180, 192. 
nigricauda (Thaumatias), 

192. 
nigricinctus (Phaethornis"), 
286. 
nigricinctus (Pygmomis), 
280, 286. 
nigricollis (Lampornis), 

93. 
nigricollis (Trochilus), 
93. 
nigripennis (Eurostopus), 
607, 609. 
nigripennis (Upupa), 10. 
nigrirostris (Leucippus), 

200. 
nigriventris(Calliphariis), 
67. 
nigriventris (Clotho). 67. 
nigri ventris (Eupherusa), 
67. 
nigrivestis (Eriocnemis), 
361,365. 
nigrivestis (Hylocharis), 

365. 
nigrivestis (^Trochilus), 
365. 
nigrofaseiata (Thaturania), 
76, 82. 
nigrofasciatus (Polytmus), 
82. 
nigrofasciatus (Trochilus), 
82. 
nigrotis (Heliothrix), 31. 
nigrotis (Ornismya), 31. 
nigrotis (Trochilus), 31. 
nipalensis (Caprimulgus), 

540. 
nipalensis (Cypselus), 
454. 
nitens (Chlorostilbon), 
53 
nitida (Iache), 60, 62. 
nitidicauda (Agyrtria), 

.180,192. * ' 
nitidicauda(Thaumatias), 

192. 
nitidifrons (Agyrtria), 
_ 179,183. 
nitidifrons (Leucoehloris), 
183. 
nitidifrons (Leucolia), 

183. 
nitidifrons (Thaumatias), 
183. 
nitidissima (Chlorestes), 
51. 
nitidissimus (Chlorostilbon), 
51. 
nitidus (Trochilus), 92. 
niveicauda (Eupherusa), 

75. 
niveipectus (Agyrtria), 
179, ISO, 659. 
niveipectus (Leucolia), 

180. 
niveiventer (Chlorestes), 
221. 
niveiventer (Saucerottia), 
221. 
niveiventer (Thauinantias), 
221. 
nivei ventris (Amazilia), 
204, 221. 
nivei ventris (JSrythronota), 
222. 
nivei ventris (Hemithylacaj, 
222. 
nivei ventris (Leucodora), 

222. 
niveiventris (Polytmus), 
222. 
niveiventris (Trochilus), 
221. 
nobilis (Caprimulgus), 
609. 
nobilis (Oreonynipha), 
338. 
Nodulia, 164. 
norrisi (Agyrtria), 207. 
norrisi (Amazilia), 206. 
norrisi (Amazilius), 206. 
norrisi (Hernistilbon), 
206. 
norrisi (Leucodora), 206. 
norrisi (Polytmus), 206. 
norrisi (Thaumatias),206. 
norrisi (Trochilus), 206. 
notatus (Scoptelus), 21, 
22,655. 
novasguineas (Chsetura), 

487. 
noveehollandiae (iEgotheles), 
646, 651. 
novsehollandiae (Caprimulgus), 
651. 
novashollandiaj 
(Oegotheles), 
651. 

nubicus (Oaprimulgus), 
523, 560. 
nudipes (Acanthylis), 


474. 
nudipes (Ohastura), 471, 
474, 475. 
nudipes (Cypselus), 474. 
nuna (Agalycta), 148. 
nuna-kaoli (Omismya), 

148. 
mma (Lesbia), 146,148. 
nuna (Ornismya), 148. 
nuna (Troehilus), 148. 
nuttalli (Antrostomus), 
579. 
nuttalli calif ornicus(Phalsenoptilus), 
580. 
nuttalli (Oaprimulgus), 

579. 
nuttalli nitidus (Phalasnoptilus), 
580. 
nuttalli (Phalgenoptilus), 

579. 
Nyctibiinaj, 519, 623. 
Nyctibius, 623. 
Nyctichelidon, 521. 
Nyctidrornus, 520, 587. 
Nyctiprogne, 521, 619. 
Nyotornis, 623. 
obscura (Phaethornis), 

284. 
obscura (Pygmornis), 
284. 
obscurus (Campylopterus), 
288, 289. 
obscurus (Polytmus), 

290. 
obscurus (Troehilus), 
312. 
ocai (Amazilia), 204, 
213. 
ocai (Amazilis), 213. 
ocai (Hemistilbon), 213.' 
ocai (Pyrrhophsena), 
213. 
occidentalis (Ohaetura), 
485. 
ocellatus (Antrostomus), 
578. 
ocellatus (Oaprimulgus), 
522, 575. 
ocellatus (JSFyetiphrynus), 

578. 
ocellatus (Podargus), 
634, 630. 
Ocreatus, 431. 
odontopteron (Oaprimul


gus), 383. 
Oegotheles, 646. 
oenone (Chysurisca), 248. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

oenone (Cbrysuronia), 
248, 662. 
cenone (Hylocharis), 

248. 
oenone longirostris(Chrysuronia), 
248. 
oenone (Ornismya), 248. 
oenone (Polytmus), 248. 
oenone (Troehilus), 248. 
Oiseau-Mouche a collier, 

329. 
Oiseau-Mouche a goisier 
bleu, 241. 
Oiseau-Mouche a gorge 
ventre blanc, 181. 
Oiseau-Mouche a gorge 
rouge du Bresil, 311. 
Oiseau-Mouche a gorge 
tachetee, 329. 
Oiseau-Mouche a gorge 
topaze du Bresil, 113. 
Oiseau-Mouche 
a gorge 
topaze de Cayenne, 

113. 
Oiseau-Mouche 
a large 
tuyaux de Cayenne, 

288. 
Oiseau-Mouche a long 
bee, 229. 
Oiseau-Mouche a longue 
queue noire, 64. 
Oiseau-Mouche a oreilles, 

30. 
Oiseau-Mouche a queue 
fourchue, 84. 
Oiseau-Mouche 
a queue 
fourchue cle Cayenne, 

295. 
Oiseau-Mouche a raquette, 
431. 
Oiseau-Mouche brun gris, 

312. 
Oiseau-Mouche de Cayenne, 
181. 
Oiseau-Mouche dit le 
Jacobine, 329. 
Oiseau-Mouche Huppe, 

353. 
Oiseau-Mouche Huppe* 
bleu, 353. 
Oiseau-Mouche Hupp£ de 
Cayenne, 353. 
Oiseau-Mouche, dit 
Huppe-Col de Cayenne, 
420. 

Oiseau-Mouche plus petit, 

409. 
Oiseau-Mouche tout vert, 
176. 
Oiseau-Mouche tres petit, 
410. 
Oiseau-Mouche violet, 

84. 
Oiseau-Mouches a longue 
queue, or, vert et bleu, 

137. 
olivaceocauda (Aglseactis), 
351. 
olivaceum (Rhamphomicron), 
342, 344. 
opaca (Metallura), 150. 
opacus (Troehilus), 150. 
Opisthoprora, 258, 347. 
Oreonympha, 258, 338. 
Oreopyra, 257, 305. 
Oreotrochilus, 258, 334. 
ornata (Bellona), 352, 

354. 
ornata (Mellisuga), 421. 
ornata (Ornismya), 420. 
ornatus (Antrostomus), 
567. 
ornatus (Lophornis), 420, 
667. 
ornatus (Orthorhynchus), 
354. 
ornatus (Troehilus), 420. 
Orthorhynchus, 352. 
Orthorms, 267. 
orthura (Catharma), 410. 
orthura (Troehilus), 410. 
ortoni (Lesbia), 142. 
ortoni (Zodalia), 141, 
142. 
Osalia, 414. 
osberti (Ohlorolampis), 
47. 
osberti (Ohlorostilbon), 
47. 
osculans (Oalligenia), 
127. 
osculans (Helianthea), 
124,127. 
oseryi (Ametrornis), 

273. 
oseryi (Phaethornis), 
274. 
oseryi (Troehilus), 273. 
otero (Aspasta), 318. 
otero (Heliodoxa), 318. 
otero (Hypolia), 318. 
otero (Leadbeatera), 318. 
otero (Troehilus), 317. 
Otophanes, 520, 581. 
Otothrix, 636. 
ourissa (Thalurania), 58. 
ourissa (Thaumatias), 58. 
Oxypogon, 258,339. 
oxyura (Acanthylis), 
482,486. 
oxyura (Hirundo), 482. 

pacifica (Hirundo), 448. 
pacifieus (Oypselus), 449. 
pacifieus (Micropus), 437, 

448, 449. 
Palaestra, 512. 
Pallene, 470. ^ 
pallens (Oaprimulgus), 


529. 
pallesoens (Hydropsalis), 
599. 
Pallestre, 512. 
pallidiceps(Heliomaster), 
229. 
pallid ioeps (Trocbilus), 
229. 
pallidus (Oaprimulgus), 
529. 
pallidus (Leucippus),200, 
201. 
pallidus (Oypselus), 446. 
pallidus (Micropus), 
446. 
pallidus (Nyctibius), 
625. 
palmarum (Oypselus), 
466. 
paraela (Aglseactis), 349, 
352. 
pamela (Orthorhynchus), 
352. 
pamela (Trochilus), 352. 
Parapa, 286. 
pampa (Campylopterus), 
286. 
pampa (Ornismya), 286. 
pampa (Polytmus), 287. 
pampa (Sphgenoproctus), 
286. 
pampa (Trochilus), 286. 
panamensis (Damophila), 
236. 
Panoplites, 259, 372. 
Panterpe, 116,158. 
Panychlora, 30, 68. 
Panyptila, 436,461. 
Paphosia, 419. 
papuensis (Oaprimulgus), 
606. 
papuensis (Lyncornis), 
604,606. 
papuensis (Podargus), 

630. 
paradisea (Ornismya), 
374. ' h 
parva (Tachornis), 463. 
parvirostris(Microchera), 
67,656. J 
parvirostris(Panychlora), 

67. 
parvirostris 
(Trochilus), 
340, 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

parvula (Aglieactis), 

350. 
parvulus (Antrostonius), 
574. 
parvulus (Batrachostomus), 
639. 
parvulus (Oaprimulgus), 
522, 525, 574. 
parvulus (Podargus), 


639. 
parvulus (Stenopsis), 
574. 
parvus (Oypselus), 453, 
463,464. 
parvus (Micropus), 463. 
parvus (Tachornis), 465. 
Parzudakia, 164. 
parzudakii (Heliangelus), 

165. 
parzudakii (Heliotrypha), 
165. 
parzudakii (Heliotryphon), 
165. 
parzudakii (Ornismya), 
57,165. 
parzudakii (Trochilus), 

165. 
Patagona, 258, 348. 
paulinse (Ornismya), 152. 
pavonina (Polymistria), 
427. 
pavoninus (Lophornis), 
420,427. 
pectoralis (Oaprimulgus), 
523, 534. 
pectoralis (Nyctibius), 


625. 
pectoralis (Oreopyra), 
306, 308, 665. 
pectoralis (Trochilus), 95. 
pegasus (Trochilus), 113. 
pekinensis (Oypselus), 

445. 
pekinensis (Micropus), 
437, 443, 444. 
pelagica (Chsetura), 472, 

480. 
pelagica (Hirundo), 480. 
pelasgia (Acanthylis), 
480. 
pelasgia (Chsetura), 480. 
pelasgia (Hemiprocne), 480. 
pelasgia (Hirundo), 480. 
pelasgius (Oypselus), 480, 
482. 
pella (Topaza), 332. 
pella (Trochilus), 332. 
pelzelni (Leucolia), 200. 
peregrinator (Chsetura), 
482. 
peregrinus (Oaprimulgus), 
527. 
personatus(Petasophora), 

personatuB (Polytmus), 

34. 
personalis (Schistes), 34. 
peruana (Ohlorostilbon), 
peruana (Himalia), 378. 
peruana (Spathura), 375, 

378. 
peruanus (Ohlorostilbon), 
45, 57. 
peruanus (Steganura), 

378. 
peruviana (Hirundo), 
502. 
peruvianus (Ohordeiles), 
616. 
Petasophora, 30, 105. 
petasophora (Ornismya), 
106. 
petasophora (Trochilus), 
106. 
petasophorus (Lophornis), 
106. 
Peratus, 159. 
Phseochroa, 256, 299. 
Ph^eolssma, 258, 324. 
Phasoptila, 29, 63. 
phseopyga (Metallura), 

57. 
phseopyga (Prasitis), 57. 
phceopygos (Trochilus), 
57. 
Phaethornis, 256, 267. 
phaeton (Chlorestes), 49. 
phaeton (Chlorolampis), 
49. 
phaeton (Hylocharis), 
49. 
phaeton (Trochilus), 49. 
Phsetornis, 267. 
phainolsema (Heliothrix), 
32. 
phainopeplus (Oampylopterus), 
288, 294. 
phalsena (Oaprimulgus), 
522, 524, 545. 
phalsenoides (Podargus), 
630, 634. 
Phalsenoptilus, 520, 579. 
phaon (Cometes), 144. 
phaon (Mellisuga), 144. 
phaon (Sappho), 142, 

144. 
phaon (Sparganura), 144. 
phaon (Trochilus), 144. 
phasianurus (Scotornis), 
$r??

' 

Phenionoe, 360. 
philippii (Pbaethornis), 
268,279. 
philippii (Trocbilus), 

279. 
pbilippina (Hemiprocne), 
490. 
Pbilodice, 386. 
Pblogopbilus, 116,173. 
pboeoe (Heliantbia), 56. 
phcebe (Iiylocbaris), 56. 
pboenicobia (Tachomis), 
468. 
phopnicobius (Cypselus), 
469. 
Pholoe, 360. 
Pica flores cienicente, 49. 
Pica flores cola de tixera, 
m. 
Pica flores faxa negra a 

lo largo, 93. 
Pica flores mas bello, 49. 
Pica flores pecbo de Ca


nela, 251. 
Pica flores pecho de Topacio, 
251. 
Pica flores turqui debaxo, 

93. 
ptcbincba (Oreotrochilus), 
334. 
plcbineba (Trocbilus), 

334. 
picina (Obcefcura), 487. 
pileatus (Trocbilus), 77, 
353. 
Piionia, 132. 
Pinarolasma, 30, 101. 
pinieola (Heliomaster), 
232. 
Placopborus, 297. 
platura (Discura), 432. 
plaiura (Ornismya), 431. 
platura (Stenopsis), 584. 
Plauirus, 431. 
platurus (Trocbilus), 431. 
platycercus(Selaspborus), 
392, 396. 
platycercus (Trocbilus), 

396. -
Platystylopterus, 288. 
plumifera (iEgotbeles), 
650. 
plumiferus (Podargus), 
630, 631. 
plumipes (Caprimulgus), 

530. 
Podager, 521, 619. 
Podargidte, 629. 
Podargina, 629. 
Podargus, 629, 630. 
Podocbastes, 619. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

poliocephalus (Caprimul


gus), 522, 546, 560. 

poliocerca (Eupberusa), 

72,74. 

poliolopbus (Batracbostomus), 
637, 638. 
poliourus (Acanthylis), 

484. 
poliura (Cbsetura), 482, 
484,486. 
poliurus (Oypselus), 484. 
Polyama, 128. 
Polyerata, 117, 237. 
Polymistria, 419. 
Polymnia, 406. 
Polyonymus, 142. 
Polyplancta, 311. 
Polytmus, 116, 174, 332. 
polytmus (Aitbnrus), 64, 

Polytmus cayennensis 

violaceus, 102. 
polytmus (Trocbilus), 64. 
Polyxemus, 414. 
poortmani (Oblorestes), 

69. 
poortmani (Cblorostilbon), 
69. 
poortmani (Hylocharis), 

69. 
poortmani major (Panycblora), 
70. 
poortmani (Ornismya), 

69. 
poortmani (Panycblora), 
68, 69, 656. 
Popelairia, 428. 
popelairii (G-ouldia), 428. 
popelairii (Prymnacan


tba), 428, 668. 
popelairii (Tricbolopba), 

428. 
popelairii (Trocbilus), 
428. 
popetue (Oaprimulgus), 
610. 
popetue (Chordeiles),610. 
popetue benryi (Cbordeile), 
612. 
porpbyrura (Eudoxa), 


92. 
porpbyrurus (Floresia), 
92. 
porpbyrurus (Lampornis), 
92. 
porpbyrurus (Polytmus), 


92. 
porpbyrurus (Trocbilus), 
poucbeti (Trocbilus), 32. 
prasina (Oblorestes), 56. 

prasina (Hydrocbaris), 

56. 
prasina (Ornismya), 56. 
prasina (Prasitis), 56. 
prasinoptera (Certbia), 
103. 
prasinus (Cblorostilbon), 
45, 50, 56. 
prasinus (Obrysomirus), 

56. 
prasinus (Hydrocbaris), 
51. 
prasinus (Trocbilus), f^6, 
176. 
Prasitis, 44. 
Praxilla, 105. 
pretrii(Phaetbornis),268, 
277. 
pretrii (Trocbilus), 98, 
277. 
prevosti (Antbracotborax), 
98. 
prevosti (Lampornis), 91, 

98. 
prevosti (Polytmus), 98. 
primolii (Metallura), 154. 
primolina (Metallura), 
150,154. 
primolina (TJrolampra), 

154. 
pristina (Amazilia), 203, 
205. 
Proetbera, 619. 
Prognornis, 295. 
Promerops, Le, k bee 
rouges, 19. 
Promerops, Le, Marcbeur 
Largup, 14. 
Promerops, Le, Namaquois, 
24. 
Promerops, Le, S<§negalais, 
19. 
Promerops, Lesser Black, 

22. 
Promerops marcheur 
d'Europe, 6. 
Promerops moqueur, 17. 
pruinosus (Chordeiles), 

615, 616.' 
prunellii (Bourcieria), 

133. 
prunellii (Coeligena), 
133. 
prunellii (Dipblogama), 
133. 
prunellii (Eudosia), 133. 
prunellii (Homophaina), 
131,133. 
prunellii (Lampropygia), 

133. 
prunellii (Piionia), 133. 
prunellii (TrocMlus), 

133. 
Prymnacantha, 260, 
428. 
Psalidoprymna, 146. 
Paalurus, 598. 
psalurus (Oaprimulgus), 
598. 
psalurus (Hydropsalis), 
598, 599. 

Pseudoprocne, 461. 

psilopterus (Batraclio


stomus), 646. 

psilopterus (Oaprimul


gus), 647. 
Pterophanes, 114, 117. 
Ptochoptera, 259, 389. 
Ptyonornis, 267. 
pucherani (Chlorestes), 

50. 
pucherani (Chlorostilbon), 
45, 50. 
pucherani (Bfydrocharis), 

51. 
pucherani (Trochilus), 
50. 
puella (Thalurania) 79. 
pulchellus(Oaprimulgus), 
521, 579. 
pulohra (Amathusia), 

391. 
pulchra (Oalothorax), 
390,391. 
pulchra (Manilla), 391. 
pumicrus (Trochilus), 


353. 
pumilus (Chlorostilbon), 
45,54. 
pimctatus (Batrachostomus), 
644, 645. 
punctatus (Oaprimulgus), 

526. 
punctatus (Trochilus),93. 
punctorum (Oaprimulgus), 
527. 
punctulatus (Trochilus), 

92. 
purpuratus (Promerops), 
24. 
purpurea (Bourcieria), 
134. 
purpurea (Oceligena), 
134. 
purpurea (Lampropygia), 
133,134. 
purpurea (Pilonia), 134. 
purpurea (Upupa), 24. 
purpureiceps (Helio


thrix), 32. 
purpureus (Promerops), 

ALPHABETIC \L INDEX. 

pusillus (Chordeiles),609, 

618. 
pusillus (Irrisor), 22, 23. 
pusillus (Promerops), 22. 
pusillus(Ehinopomastos), 
22. 
pygargus (Oypselus), 
451. 
pygmams (Eremita), 285. 
pygmaeus (Phaethornis), 
285. 
pygmseus (Pygmomis), 
280, 285. 
pygrufflus (Trochilus), 

285. 
Pygmomis 25G, 280. 
Pygornis, 280. 
pyra (Topaza), 332, 333. 
pyra (Trochilus), 333. 
pyropygia (Eucephala), 
239,241. 
"Pyrrhophaena, 203. 

quadricolor (Oyanomyia), 

195. 
quadricolor (Leucolia), 
195. 
quadricolor (Polytmus), 
194. 
quadricolor (Trochilus), 
93,194. 
quadricolor (Uranomitra), 
194, 195. 
quitensis (Metallura), 

153. 
quitensis (Urolampra), 
153. 
ramondii (Riccordia), 58. 
rectirostris (Doryphera), 

39. 
rectirostris (Hernistephania), 
38, 39. 
rectirostris (Trochilus), 

39. 
recurvirostris (Avocettinus), 
101. 
recurvirostris (Avocettula), 
101. 
recurvirostris (Campylorhynchus), 
101. 
recurvirostris (Hylocharis), 
102. 
recurvirostris(Mellisuga), 

101. 
recurvirostris (Ornismya), 
101. 
recurvirostris (Streblorhamphus), 
102. 
recurvirostris(Trochilus), 

101. 
refulgens (Thalurania), 

76, 86. 
regina (Bellatrix), 424. 
reginse (Bellatrix), 421. 
reginse (Lophornis), 421, 

424. 
reginse (Trochilus), 424. 
regis (Calliperidia), 119. 
regis (Heliomaster), 119. 
regis (Trochilus), 119. 
regulus (Lophornis), 
420,423. 
regulus (Telamon), 423. 
regulus (Trochilus), 423. 
reichenbachi (Chryso


lampis), 113. 
remigera (Steganura), 

375. 
reticulatus (Stenopsis), 
585. 
rhami (Clytolsema), 314. 
rhami (Delattriaj, 314. 
rhami (Lampornis), 314. 
rhami (Lamprolaema), 
314. 
rhami (Ornismya), 314. 
rhami (Trochilus), 314. 
Ehamphodon, 29, 36. 
Ehamphomicron, 258, 
341. 
Ehaphidura, 470. 
Rhinopomastus, 16, 23. 
Rhodopis, 259, 379. 
riccordi (Chlorestes), 
58. 
riccorcli (Chlorolanrpis), 
58. 
riccordi (Hylocharis) 
58. 
riccordi (Orthorhynchus), 
58. 
riccordi (Sporadicus), 

58. 
riccordi (Sporadinus, 
57. 
riccordi (Trochilus), 57. 
Riccordia, 57. 
ridolphi (Mellisuga). 
363. 
riefferi (Amazilia), 204, 
216, 661. 
riefferi (Ariana), 217. 
riefferi (Eranna), 216. 
riefferi (Polytmus), 216. 
riefferi (Pyrrhophaena), 

216. 
riefferi (Trochilus), 216. 
riparia senegalensis 
(Hirundo), 463. 
rivolii (Ornismya), 302. 
rivolii (Trochilus), 302. 

roberti (Aphantochroa), 

300. 
roberti (Canrpylopterus), 
300. 
roberti (Phaeochroa), 
299,300. 
roberti (Polytmus), 

300. 
robini (Hirundo), 493. 
robinson (Ornisinya), 
157. 
roraimse (Calliphlox), 
668. 
rosse (Oalothorax), 414. 
rosa; (Obaetocercus), 
414. 
rosaa (Mellisuga), 414. 
rosae (Osalia), 414. 
rosae (Trochilus), 414. 
ruber (Selasphorus), 
393. 
ruber (Trochilus), 393. 
rubinea (Clytolaema), 
311,312. 
rubinea (Ornismya), 312. 
rubinea (Phaiolaema), 

312. 
rubineus (Oalothorax), 
312. 
rubineus (Heliomaster), 
312. 
rubineus (Trochilus), 
312. 
rubinoides (Clytolasma), 
324. 
rubinoides (Heliomaster), 
324. 
rubinoides (Phaeolaema), 
324. 
rubinoides (Trochilus), 
324. 
rubromitratus (Trochilus), 
392. 
ruckeri (Glaucis), 265, 

266. 
ruckeri (Polytmus), 265. 
ruckeri (Threnetes), 264, 
265. 
ruckeri (Trochilus), 265. 
ruficaudatus (Trochilus), 
312. 
ruficeps (Ohalcostigma), 
346. 
ruficeps (Eupogonus), 
346. 
ruficeps (Lampropogon), 
346. 
ruficeps (Ehamphomicron), 
342, 346. 
ruficeps (Trochilus), 

346. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

ruficervix (Stenopsis), 
582,584. 
ruficollis (Caprimulgus), 
523, 531. 
ruficollis (Ohrysuronia), 
248, 251.* 
ruficollis (Gryphus), 

37. 
ruficollis (Ornismya), 
251. 
ruficollis (Trochilus), 
251. 
ruficrissa (Urosfcicte), 
167,169. 
rufigaster (Eremita), 

285. 
rufigaster (Phaethornis), 
285. 
rufigaster (Pygmornis), 
285. 
rufigaster (Trochilus), 

285. 
rufigena (Caprimulgus), 
523,524, 532. 
rufitorquatus (Caprimulgus), 
531. 
rufitorquis (Caprimulgus), 
531. 
rufiventris (Lurocalis), 
621, 622. 
rufiventris (Pygmornis), 

285. 
rufocaligata (Spathura), 
378. 
rufocaligatus (Trochilus), 
378. 
rufomaculatus (Antrostomus), 
572. 
rufus (Antrostomus), 

566. 
rufus (Campylopterus), 
288,294,664. 
rufus (Caprimulgus), 
525, 566. 
rufus (Nyctibius), 623. 
rufus (Platystylopterus), 

294. 
rufus (Polytmus), 294. 
rufus (Selasphorus), 
392. 
rufus (Trochilus), 392. 
rupestris (Caprimulgus), 
617. 
rupestris (Chordeiles), 
609, 617. 
riippelli (Cypselus), 

441. 
rupurumii (Phaethornis), 
663. 
russata 
(Eriocnemis), 
362,370. 

russata (Panychlora), 

68,71. 
rutila (Acanthylis), 493. 
rutila (Ohsetura), 493. 
rutila (Hirundo), 493. 
rutila (Ornismya), 207. 
rutilus (Antrostomus), 

567. 
rutilus 
(Cypseloides), 
492,493. 

sabinae (Adelomyia), 

169. 
sabinoe (Mellisuga), 169. 
sabinae (Metallura), 169. 
sabinae (Rhamphomicron), 
169. 
sabinse (Trochilus), 169. 
sabinei (Chastura), 487, 

488. 
sabini (Acanthylis), 487. 
sabini (Chsetura), 487. 
Ssepiopterus, 288. 
sagitta (Cceligena), 318. 
sagitta (Heliodoxa), 
318. 
sagitta (Leadbeatera), 
318. 
Salangana, 496. 
salangana (Herniprocne), 
499. 
sallei (Florisuga), 329, 
668. 
salvadorii (iEgotheles), 
646, 649. 
salvadorii (Caprimulgus), 
538. 
salvadorii (Mellisuga), 

138. 
salvini (Caprimulgus), 
525,568. 
salvini (Chlorolampis), 

47. 
salvini (Eutoxeres), 261, 
262. 
salvini (G-rypus), 262. 
salvini (Xanthogenyx), 
321. 
sanctihieronymi (Panyptila), 
461, 462. 
sapiti (Chordeiles), 615sapphirina 
(Hylocharis), 

245. 
sapphirina (Ornismya), 
245. 
sapphirina (Sapphironia), 
245. 
sapphirinus (Trochilus), 
245. 
sapphiropygia 
(Erio 
cnemis), 361. 

Sappho, 115, 142. 
sappho (Cometes), 143. 
sappho (Ornismya), 143. 
sappho (Sparganura), 

143. 
sappho (Troohilus), 143. 
Sasin, 392. 
Sasinjeune, 394. 
sasin (Ornismya), 394. sasin 
(Trochilus), 394. 
saturatus (Antrostomus), 
572. 
saturatus (CaprimuJgus), 
521,572. 
Saucerottia, 203. 
saucerottii (Amazilia), 

204,223. 
saucerottii (Ariana), 223. 
saucerottii (Heinithy


laca), 223. 
saucerottii (Pyrrhoplrnia), 
223. 
saucerottii (Saucerottia), 

223. 
saucerottii (Trochilus), 
223. 
saulffi (Entima), 327. 
saulse (Lafresnaya), 
327. 
saulss (Trochilus), 
327. 
savesi (iEgotheles), 646, 
652. 
saxatilis (Acanthylis), 
459. 
saxatilis (Mi cr opus), 
460. 
saxatilis (Panyptila), 
459. 
scapulata (Eucephala), 
239, 243. 
scapulata (Hylocharis), 


243. 
sehhnperi (Trochilus), 
60. 
Schistes, 29, 33. 
schisticolor (Dendrochelidon), 
512. 
schlegelii (Caprimulgus), 
538. 
schliephaclri (Doeimastes), 
315. 
schomburgki (Hydropsalis), 
601. 
schreibersi (Calothorax), 

322. 
schreibersi (Carupylopterus), 
321. 
schreibersi (Iolsema). 

321. 
ALPHABETIC VL INDEX. 

schreibersi (Thalurania), 

321. 
schreibersi (Trochilus), 
321. 
scintilla (Selasphorus), 
392, 395. 
scintilla (Trochilus), 


395. 
sclateri (Ohsetura), 485. 
sclateri (Heliomaster), 
229. 
Scoptelus, 16,21. 
Scortornis, 59Q. 
Scotornis, 520, 596. 
scutatus (Augastes), 35. 
scutatus (Trochilus), 35. 
segmentata (Hydropsalis), 
602. 
segmentata (Macro


psalis), 601, 602. 
Selasphorus, 260, 391. 
Selochusa, 598. 
Semeiophorus, 595. 
semicollaris (Acanthylis), 

479. 
semicollaris (Ohsetura), 
472,479. 
semicollaris (Hemiprocne), 
479. 
semitorquatus (Antrostomus), 
621. 
semitorquatus (Caprimulgus), 
621. 
semitorquatus (Chordeiles), 
616,621. 
semitorquatus (Lurocalis), 
621. 
senegalensis (Epimachus), 

19. 
senegalensis (Falcinellus), 
19. 
senegalensis (Irrisor), 17. 
senegalensis (Promerops), 

19. 
senegalensis (XJpupa), 
6,10. 
senex (Acanthylis), 496. 
senex (Chaatura), 496. 
senex (Cypseloides), 493, 

496. 
senex (Cypselus), 496. 
sennetti (Chordeiles), 
612. 
Sephanoicles, 156. 
sephanoides (Ornismya), 
156. 
sephanoides (Orthorhynchus), 
156. 
sephanoides (Trochilus), 

156. 
septimus (Batrachostoraus), 
636, 638. 
sericeocaudatus (Antrostomus), 
567. 
sericeocaudatus (Capri


mulgus), 521, 567. 
Sericotes, 102. 
serrirostris (Petaso


phora), 106. 
serrirostris (Polytmus), 

106. 
serrirostris (Trochilus), 
106. 
sharpii (Cypselus), 452. 
shelleyi (Caprimulgus), 
534. 
shelleyi (Cypselus), 445. 
sibilator (Irrisor), 16. 
similis (Hylocharis), 50. 
simplex (Eriocnemis), 
361,368. 
simplex (Eriopus), 368. 
simplex (Omismva), 

297. 
simplex (Trochilus), 297, 
390. 
sinensis (Cypselus), 396. 
sinensis (Hirundo), 472. 
Siphonorhis, 520, 591. 
smaragdicauda (Cynanthus), 
140. 
smaragdina (Chlorolampis), 
53. 
smaragdina (Cyanolesbia), 
137, 140. 
smaragdina (Trochilus), 

140. 
smaragdinea (Augasma), 
240. 
smaragdinea(Eucephala), 
239, 240. 
smaragdinicollis (Mellisuga), 
154. 
smaragdinicollis (Metallura), 
150,154. 
smaragdinicollis (Ortborhynchus), 
154. 
smaragdinicollis (Trochilus), 
154. 
smaragdinicollis (Urolampra), 
154. 
smaragdinipectus (Eriocnemis), 
361, 364. 
smaragdinis (Mellisuga), 

140. 
Smaragdites, 91. 
smaragdoeserulea (Eucephala), 
240. 
Smaragdochrysis, 259, 

388. 
smithii (Caprimulgus), 

527. 
smithi (Epimachus), 24. 
solstitialis (Spathura), 
375, 377. 
solstitialis (Steganura), 

376. 
somalensis (Upupa), 
413,655. 
sophi03 (Amazilia), 204, 

224. 
sophias (Ariana), 224. 
sophias (Ohlorestes), 224. 
sophiae (Erythronota), 
224. 
sophiie (Hemithylaca), 
224. 
sophias (Polytmus), 224, 
sophise (Saucer ottia), 
224. 
sophias (Trochilus), 224. 
sordida (Cyanomyia), 
63. 
sordida (Doleromyia), 
63. 
sordida (Hylocharis), 
63. 
sordida (Leucolia), 63. 
sordida (Phasoptila), 63. 
sordida (Uranomitra), 
63. 
Sparganura, 142. 
sparganura (Lesbia), 143. 
sparganura (Mellisuga), 
143. 
sparganura (Sappho), 
142,143. 
sparganurus (Conietes), 

143. 
sparganurus (Trochilus), 
143. 
Spathura, 259, 375. 
spatuligera (Steganura), 
375. 
speciosa (Heliotrypha), 
164,167, 659, 
spectabilis (Eugenes), 
302, 304. 
spectabilis (Heliomaster), 

304. 
spekei (Cosmetornis), 
595. 
speneii (Anactoria), 162. 
spencii (Diotima), 162. 
speneii (Heliangelus), 
159,162. 
spencii (Mellisuga), 162. 
spencii (Trochilus), 162. 
sperlingi (Macrodi


pteryx), 595. 

AXPHABRTTCIL TKDEX. 

Sphenoproctus, 256, 

286. 
sphenurus (Caprimulgus), 
598. 
spilocercus (Caprimulgus), 
542. 
spilura (Collocalia), 

510. 
spinicauda (Aeanthylis), 
483, 485. 
spinicauda (Chjetura), 

483. 
spinicaudus (Oypselus), 
483. 
spixi (Gryphus), 44. 
splendens (Aspasta), 
318. 
splendens (Oampylopterus), 
293. 
splendens (Heliodoxa), 

318. 
splendens (Hypolia), 
318. 
splendens (Leadbeatera), 
318. 
splendens (Polytmus), 
293. 
splendidus (Chlorostilbon), 
45, 49. 
splendidus (Trochilus), 

49. 
spodiopygia (Collocalia), 
504, 505. 
spodiopygia (Macropteryx), 
504. 
Sporadicus, 57. 
Sporadinus, 29, 57squalidus 
(Phaethornis), 

268, 276. 
squalidus (Pygmornis), 

277. 
squalidus (Trochilus), 
276. 
squamata (Claudia), 469. 
squamata (Eriocnemis), 
362, 371. 
squamatus (Oypselus), 

469. 
squamatus (Tachornis), 
469. 
squamigularis (Heliangelus), 
166. 
squamosus (Trochilus), 

120. 
stanleyanus (Podargus), 
632. 
stanleyi (Chalcostigma), 
344. 
stanleyi (Lampropogon), 
344. 
stanleyi (Rbamphonn


cron), 342, 344. 
stanleyi (Trochilus), 344. 
Steatornis, 653. 
steatornis (Nyctibius), 

653. 
Steatornithidas, 653. 
Steganurus, 375. 
stellatus (Batrachostomus), 
637, 639. 
stellatus (Podargus), 


639. 
Stellula, 260, 413. 
Steuopsis, 520, 582. 
stenopterus (Capri in ulgus), 
615. 
stenura (Chlorostilbon), 

71. 
stenura (Panychlora), 68, 
71. 
Sternoclyta, 257, 300. 
stewartas (Heliomaster), 
229. 
stewartas (Trochilus), 
229. 
stictikema (Chsetura), 
492. 
stictilaemus (Oypselus), 
492. 
stictolophus (Lophomis), 
420, 424, 668. 
stictolophus (Telamon), 

424. 
stictomus (Caprimulgus), 
547. 
stictopterus (Batrachostomus), 
639. 
stokesi (Eustephanus), 

157. 
stokesi (Melisuga), 157. 
stokesi (Orthorhynchus), 
157. 
stokesi (Sephanoides), 
157. 
stokesi (Trochilus), 157. 
Streblorhamphus, 101. 
streubeli (Micropus), 
437, 452. 
streubelii (Oypselus), 

452. 
strigoides (Caprimulgus), 
631. 
strigoides (Podargus), 
630, 631. 
striigularis(Phaethornis), 

281. 
striigularis (Pygmornis), 
280, 281. 
strophianus (Anactoria), 

161. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

700 

strophianus (Heliangelus), 
159,161. 
strophianus (Mellisuga), 

161. 
strophianus (Trochilus), 
161. 
stniraaria (Ornismya), 
422. 
stuebeli (Chlorostilbon), 
57. 
stuebeli (Oxpypogon), 
339. 
suavis (Branna), 216. 
suavis (Pyrrhophsena), 
216. 
subca?rulea (Eucephala), 
239,244. 
subfureata (Thalurania), 

85. 
subfurcatus (Ohlorostilbon), 
56. 
subfurcatus (Oypselus), 

456. 
subfurcatus (Micropus), 
438, 456. 
sumichrasti (Amazilia), 
204, 213, 661. 
superba (Bellona), 668. 
superba (Hylocharis), 

35. 
superba (Ornismya), 229. 
superbus (Augastes), 35. 
superbus (Trochilus), 35, 
229. 
superciliaris (Podargus), 
635. 
superciliosus 
(Pbaethornis), 
267, 270, 273, 

663. 
superciliosus (Trochilus), 
42, 270, 277, 278. 
surinamensis (Mellisuga), 
329, 393.^ 
surinamensis (Polyten us), 
264, 332. 
surinamensis torquata 
(Mellivorus), 329. 
swainsoni (Ornismya), 


59. 
swainsoni (Trochilus), 
59, 381, 392. 
Swift, 442. 
sylphia (Lesbia), 149. 
sylphia (Ornismya), 149. 
sylvatica (Acanthylis), 

489. 
sylvatica (Ch&tura), 489. 
sylvatica (Rhaphidura), 
489. 
syrmatophorus 
(Phaethorais), 
267, 274. 

Tachornis, 436, 462, 469. 
taczanowskii (Agyrtria), 
180, 193. 
taczanowskii (Heliangelus), 
160. 
taczanowskii (Leucolia), 

193. 
taczanowskii (Thauruasius), 
193. 
Talaphorus, 200. 
tamaricis (Oaprimulgus), 

560. 
tectorum (Oypselus), 467. 
Telamon, 417. 
Telesilla, 105. 
temmincki (Hemiprocne), 
496. 
temmincki (Lepidoria), 
118. 
temmincki (Lvncornis), 
604, 606. 
temmincki (Ornismya), 
118,120. 
temmincki (Pteropbames), 
118, 657. 
temmincki (Trochilus), 

118. 
tendali (Calothorax), 
39U. 
tephrocephala (Agyrtria), 
180, 191. 
tephrocephala (Cceligena), 
191. 
tephrocephala (Ornismya), 
193. 
tephrocephala (Thaumatias), 
191. 
tephrocephalus (Trochilus), 
191. 
terpna (Agyrtria), 187, 


189. 
terpna (Agyrtria viridissima), 
187. 
terpna (Thaumatias), 

187. 
terras reginas (Colloealia), 
504. 
terras reginas (Oypselus), 
504. 
texensis (Oaprimulgus), 
616. 
texensis (Chordeiles), 
616. 
thalassina (Colibri), 109. 
thalassina (Petasophora), 
106,109,657. 
thalassina (Praxilla), 109. 
thalassinus (Lampornis), 

98. 
thalassinus (Poly trans), 
109. 
thalassinus (Trochilus), 

109. 
Thalurania, 30, 76. 
Thaumantias, 178. 
thaumantias (Chlorestes), 
175. 
thaumantias (Polytmus), 
174, 175, 659. 
thaumantias (Trochilus), 

174. 
Thaumantoessa, 355. 
Thaumasius, 178. 
Thaumaste, 156. 
Thaumastura, 260, 418. 
thaumatias (Agyrtria), 
191. 
theresiae (Polytmus), 176. 
theresios (Trochilus), 176. 
Threnetes, 256, 263. 
Threptria, 360. 
Tilmatura, 259, 385. 
tinus (Oypselus), 467. 
tobaci (Amazilia), 204, 
226. 
tobaci (Thaumatias), 
187. 
tobaci (Trochilus), 226. 
tobagensis (Trochilus), 
226. 
Topaza, 258, 332. 
torquata '(Bourcieria), 
128, 130,133. 658. 
torquata (Diphlogama), 

131. 
torquata (Hemiprocne), 
477. 
torquata (Homophaina), 
131. 
torquata (Hydropsalis), 
598. 
torquata (Ornismya), 
130. 
torquata (Polysena), 131. 
torquatus (Oaprimulgus), 
531, 598. 
torquatus (Trochilus), 

131. 
torridus (Selasphorus), 
392, 395. 
toulsoni (Oypselus), 453. 
toulsoni (iiieropus), 437, 

453. 
townsendi (Thalurania), 
76, 78. 
Toxoteuches, 267traviesi 
(Bourcieria), 

132. 
trayiesi (Eudosia), 132. 
traviesi (Helianthea), 
132. 
Tricholopha, 428. 
trickolopka (Popelairia), 

428. 
tricolor (Ornismya), 396. 
tricolor (Troekilus), 396. 
trifurcata (HydropsaHs), 
600. 
trimaculatus (Scotornis), 
536. 
tristigina (Oaprimulgus), 
536. 
tristis (Cynantkus), 348. 
tristis (Ornismya), 348. 
tristis (Trockilis), 348. 
Troekilus, 260, 398. 
troglodytes (Collocalia), 
497, 507. 
Trypksena, 385. 
tsckudii (Polytmus), 83. 
tsckudii (Tkalurania), 

76, 83. 
turneri (Leucippus), 200. 
turneri (Troekilus), 200. 
turrium (Oypselus), 443. 
typica (Abeilka), 358, 

666. 
typiea (Oklorestes), 223. 
typica (Cceligena), 135. 
typiea (Erytkonota), 223. 
typica (Heliantkea), 12, 
124, 658. 
typica (Juliauiyia), 236, 

237. 
typica (Leadbeatera), 
318. 
typica (Myiabeillia), 358. 
typica (Saucerottia), 223. 
typus (Ouyomis), 268. 
tyriantkina (Adelomyia), 
153. 
tyriantkina (Mellisuga), 
152. 
tyriantkina (Metallura), 
150, 152, 658. 
tyriantkinas (Urolampra), 
152. 
tyriantkinus (Troekilus), 

152. 
ualensis (Hemiprocne), 

499. 
Ulysses, 239. 
underwoodi (Ornismya), 
375. 
underwoodi (Spatkura), 
375, 667. 
underwoodi (Steganura), 

375. 
underwoodi (Troekilus), 
375. 
unicolor (Collocalia), 
499. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

unicolor (Oypselus), 448. 
unicolor (Epimackus), 24. 
unicolor (Hirundo), 449. 
unicolor (Irrisor), 24. 
unicolor (Micropus), 437, 

448. 
unicolor (Rkinopomastes), 
24. 
unwini (Oaprimulgus), 

528. 
Upupa, 4. 
Uralia, 375. 
Uranoniitra, 194. 
ITrockroa, 257, 301. 
urockrysea (Okalybura), 
89. 
urockrysea (Hypuroptila), 
87, 89. 
urockrysea (Lampornis), 

89. 
Urolampra, 150. 
uropygialis (Collocalia), 
497, 507. 
uropygialis (Troekilus), 

363. 
Urosticte, 116,167. 
urutao (Nyctibius), 625. 
Urutau, 625. 
usskeri (Oksetura), 488, 
492. 
vanicorensis (Collocalia), 
499, 502. 
vanicorensis (Cotyle), 

499. 
vanikorensis (Hirundo), 
499. 
variegatus (Oaprimulgus), 
610. 
vauxi (Acantkylis), 481. 
vauxi (Oksetura), 481. 
vauxi (Oypselus), 481. 
Vencejillo, 482. 
ventralis (Eriocnemis), 

361, 364, 666. 
venusta (Oreopyra), 307. 
venusta (Tkalurania), 79. 
venustissimus (Troeki


lus), 103. 
venustus (Polytmus), 79. 
veraguensis (Dorifera), 

40. 
veraguensis (Hemistepkania), 
38, 40. 
veraguensis (Lampornis), 
91, 99. 
veraguensis (Polytmus), 

99. 
veraguensis (Sericotes), 
99. 
verreauxi (Aurinia), 427. 
verreauxi (Bellatrix), 

427. 
verreauxi (Lopkornis), 
420, 427, G68. 
verreauxi (Polymistria), 

427. 
verreauxi (Troekilus), 
427. 
versicolor (Agyrtria), 
185. 
versicolor (Hylockaris), 
185. 
versicolor (Troekilus), 
185, 356. 
verticalis (Cyanomyia), 
194,195. 
verticalis (Troekilus), 

194. 
verticeps (Polytmus), 
81. 
verticeps (Eicordia), 81. 
verticeps (Tkalurania), 
81. 
vesper (Calotkorax), 
379. 
vesper (Lucifer), 379. 
vesper (Ornismya), 379. 
vesper (Bkodopis), 379. 
vesper (Tkaumastura), 
379. 
vesper (Troekilus), 379. 
vestita (Erioenemis), 
361, 363, 366. 
vestita (Eriopus), 363. 
vestita (Hylockaris), 

363. 
vestita (Ornismya), 363. 
vexillarius (Oosmetornis), 
595. 
vexillarius (Macrodipteryx), 
595. 
vexillarius (Seme'iopkorus), 
595. 
victorise (Cynantkus), 

146. 
victorise (Lesbia), 146, 
658. 
victorias (Mellisuga), 
146. 
victorise (Psalidoprymna), 
146. 
victorias (Troekilus), 

146. 
vieilloti (G-rypkus), 106. 
vieilloti (Ornismya), 426vieilloti 
(Polymistria), 
426. 
vieilloti (Troekilus), 410, 
426. 
villavicencio 
(Campylopterus), 
288,293. 

villavicencio (Heliomastes), 
293. 
villavicencio (Trochilus), 

293. 
villosus (Phaethornis), 
274. 
vincendoni (Podargus), 
634. 
viola (Heliotrypha), 164. 
viola (Heliotryphon), 
164. 
viola (Parzudakia), 164. 
viola (Trochilus), 164. 
violaceus (Trochilus), 
103. 
violicauda (Lampoi'nis), 
91, 92, 657. 
violicauda (Trochilus), 


92. 
violiceps (Cyanomyia), 
194,196. 
violiceps (Leucolia), 196. 
violiceps (Polytmus), 

196. 
violiceps (Uranomitra), 
196. 
violicollis (Heliangulus), 
159,162, 659. 
violifera (Oalligenia), 


126. 
violifera (Diphlogaena), 
126. 
violifera (Helianthea), 
124,126. 
violifera (Trochilus), 


126. 
violifrons (Heliothrix), 
32. 
virescens (Chrysobronchus), 
175. 
virescens (Polytmus), 


175. 
virescens (Polytmus 
thaumantias), 175. 
virescens (Trochilus), 
174,175. 
virginalis (Lampornis), 
91,97. 
virginalis (Polytmus), 

97. 
virginianus (Caprimulgus), 
610. 
virginianus (Chordeiles), 
609,610. 
viridans (Polytmus), 64. 
viridicauda (Leucippus), 

200, 202. 
viridieaudata (Phaethornis), 
284. 
viridieaudata (Pygmornis), 
284. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

viridicaudatus (Thauinatias), 
250. 
viridicaudus (Chrysobronchus), 
176. 
viridicaudus (Trochilus), 

176. 
viridiceps (Agyrtria), 
179,181. 
viridiceps (Leucolia), 

182. 
viridiceps (Polytmu3), 
182. 
viridiceps (Thaumatias), 
181. 
viridiceps (Uranomitra), 
196. 
viridifrons (Cyanomyia), 
194,196. 
viridigaster (Amazilia), 

219. 
viridigaster (Ariana), 
219. 
viridigaster (Hylocharis), 
219. 
viridigaster (Polytmus), 
219. 
viridigaster (Pyrrhophsena), 
219. 
viridigaster (Saucerottia), 

219. 
viridigaster (Trochilus), 
219. 
viridinitens (Collocalia), 
510. 
viridipallens (Agyrtria), 
310. 
viridipallens (Ohariessa), 
310. 
viridipallens (CceKgena), 
310. 
viridipallens (Delattria), 
_ 308,310, em. 
viridipallens (Lampornis), 
310. 
viridipallens (Thaumantias), 
310. 
viridipallens (Topaza), 

310. 
viridipallens (Trochilus), 
310. 
viridipallens (Saucerottia), 
186. 
viridipectus (Thalurania), 

83. 
viridis (Ohalybura), 100. 
viridis (Irrisor), 16, 17. 
viridis (Lampornis), 91, 
100. 
viridis (Ornismya), 174. 
viridis (Polytmus), 100, 
174. 
viridis (Trochilus), 100. 

viridis (Upupa), 17. 

viridissima (Agyrtria), 

179,186. 

viridissima (Chlorestes), 

176. 
viridissima (Ornismya), 
186. 
viridissima (Smaragditis), 
176. 
viridissima (Trochilus), 

186. 
viridissimus (Atnazilius), 
176. 
viridissimus (Ckrysobronchus), 
176. 
viridissimus (Polytmus), 
174,176. 
viridissimus (Thaumantias), 
176. 
viridissimus (Thaumatias), 
187. 
viridissimus (Trochilus), 

176. 
viridiventris (Amazilia), 
204, 219,661. 
viridiventris (Chlorestesj, 

219. 
viridiventris (Eratura), 
219. 
viridiventris (Hemithylaca), 
219. 
viridiventris (Pyrrlionhama), 
219. 
viridiventris (Saueerofrtia), 
219. 
vittata (Micropus), 449. r 
vittatus (Caprimulgus), 

651. 
vittatus (Cypselus), 44$. 
vociferans (Oaprimulgns), 
569. 
vociferus (Antrostomus), 
568,571. 
vociferus aiizonse (Antrostomus), 
570. 
vociferus (Caprimulgus), 
525,568,571. 
vulcani (Chalcostigma), 

345. 
vulcani (Lampropogon), 
345. 
vulcani (Rhamphomicron), 
342,345. 
vulcani (Trochilus), 345. 
vulgaris (Caprimulgus), 

527. 
vulgaris (Oypselus), 443. 
vulgaris (Trochilus), 178, 
191. 
vulgaris (Upupa), 6. 
waglori (Ornismya), 86. 
waglori (Trochilus), 86. 
wallaeoi (/Egotheles), 
<>4<>, 05O. 
wallacoi (Dendrochelidon), 
5ir>. 
wallaeoi (Macropteryx), 
r>i2,r>if>. 
warszewiozi (Ainazilia), 
2()4 222. 
warszewiozi (Ariana), 

222. 
warszewiozi (Ooeligena), 

128. 
warszewiozi (Diphloga> 
na), 123. 
wartnzowiozi (Hemithylaoa),
222. 
warszewiozi (Leadbeatora), 
123. 
warszewiozi (Polytmus), 

222. 
warszewiezi (tiaucerottia), 
222, 223. 
watertoui (Thalurania), 
70, 78. 
water tonii (Trochilus), 

78. 
welwitschii (Oaprimulgus), 
551. 
whitelyana (Iolaema), 
321, 322. 
whitelyi (Antrostomus), 

573. 
whitelyi (Caprimulgus), 
522, 525, 573. 
whitelyi (Phaethornis), 

279. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

wiodi (Eucephala), 243. 
wiodi (JXyloeharis), 243. 
wiodi (Ornismya), 243. 
wicdi (Trochilus), 243. 
williami (Mellisuga), 

155. 
williami (Metallura), 
150,155. 
williami (Urolampra), 

155. 
wilsoni (Bourcieria), 

134. 
wilsoni (Ooeligena), 134. 
wilsoni (Diplilogasna), 

134. 
wilsoni (Eudosia), 134. 
wilsoni (Lampropygia), 
133,134. 
wilsoni (Pilonia), 134. 
wilsoni (Trochilus), 134. 

Xanthogenyx, 317. 
xanthogonys (Heliodoxa), 

317,321. 
xantusi (Amazilia), 255. 
xantusi (Basilinna), 252, 

255. 
xantusi (Ooeligena), 255. 
xantusi (Heliopsedica), 

355\ 

xantusi (Hylocharis), 

255. 
yarrelli (Calothorax), 

418. 
yarrelli (Euclidia), 418. 
yarrelli (Trochilus), 418. 
yarrellii (Myrtis), 417. 

yaruqui (Guyornis), 269. 
yaruqui (Phaethornis), 
207, 209. 
yaruqui (Toxoteuches), 

209. 
yaruqui (Trochilus), 


269. 
ypanemos (Hydropsalis), 

003. 
yucatanensis (Amazilia), 
204, 214. 
yucatanensis (Amazilis), 

214. 
yucatanensis (Eranna), 

214. 
yucatanensis (Pyrrhophaena), 
214. 
yucatanensis (Trochilus), 

214. 
yucatanica (Ohsetura), 

482. 
yucatanicus (Caprimulgus), 
525, 575. 

zemes (Ornismya), 385. 
Zephyritis, 403. 
Zodalia, 115, 141. 
zonaris (Ohsetura), 472, 
476, 477. 
zonaris (Hemiprocne), 

477. 
zonaris (Hemiprogne), 

477. 
zonaris (Hirundo), 476. 
zonura (Phasoptila), 63. 
zonura (Phaethornis), 

281. 
zonura (Pygmornis), 281. 

END OE THE SIXTEENTH VOLUME. 

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND A'KANCIS, RED DION COURT, D'LEJOT &TEEET. 

\ 

LIST OF PLATES. 

Upupa somalensis, p. 13Irrisor bollii, p. 20

jacksoni (fig. 1), p. 21 
Bcoptelus castaneiceps (fig. 2), p. 23 
Panycblora micans (fig. Y), p. 71 .... 
Cblorostilbon peruanus (fig. 2), p. 57 
Heliangelus laticlavius (fig. 1), p. 160 

violicollis (fig. 2), p. 162 
Heliotrypba speciosa (fig. 1), p. 167.... 
barrali (Qg. 2), p. 166 
Agyrtria caeruleiceps (fig. 1), p. 183.... 
Amazilia sumicbrasti (fig. 2), p. 213 .. 
lolsema lutninosa (fig. 1), p. 323 
Pbaeolaema cervinigularis (fig. 2), p. 325. 
Eriocnemis dyselius (fig. 1), p. 368 ... . 

ventralis (^g. 2), p. 364 
Cbsetura ussberi, p. 488Caprimulgus griseatus. p. 550

whitelyi, p. 573Lyncornis mindanensis, p. 605Batracbostomus barterti, p. 638

Plate 

 I. 
II. 
III. 
IV. 
V. 
VI. 
VII. 
VIII. 
} 

IX. :} 
X. 
XI. 
XII. 
XIII. 
s XIV. 
Birds B.M. Vol.m. PI . I 

J. &.KeixLemans del. et litlu. 
MixieTTL Bros. CKrorao lith.. 

Upizpa soirwrlentsi? 

Birds B. M. Vol.IW. 

n. u. 
MmterruBros . Cjnromo litK. 

J. G-. KeulexaarLS del. et litlx. 
IITIASOT' IwttiL. 

Birds B. M. Tol.m. FI.M 

J. &.Ke-uleirtsjTLS Ael. et lith_. 
~Mrrtte£rL 13ros . Ctrromo litK. 

1. Ivrisorjacksordj. 2. Scoptdas caMarwiceps, 
Bird* B.M Vof.IVI Pl.LV. 

J. S.Kauiemans cb-f, et Kth. Mixiiern-Srcs . Chrome litn.. 
l.PcmychJU>Ta mxc-cms. 2. Chhn-ostilhorvp&riumcus. 

Birds RM.Yol.rn PL.V: 

J. fi.Keulemans deLatlitK. 
IfoctErn-Bros:. Chrorno lit! 

l.H(Jxcurqelus Zodzclavzus. 2.Hehwi<feJi(s vwlicoWls. 

PI. 17. 

BirJeB.MVol.lW. 

Mirierr^Bros . Chrome litlx. 

J & Kenlemans dal etlidx. 

1. Heliotryphco spevwsw. 2. Helictryphcv harzakj. 
Ft. YE.

ftrdsB.M.Voim 

Ifinfcsm. Bros . Ckromo li£h 

Aeuiemans ciai. et sltl\ 

l.Aqvr'(ri.a c£erulacep£ 2 Ama/dUa .nimzdirajsti. 

BirAsB.M.Vol.JVI. n. vm. 

J. & Keulexnans del. et litK. i&nterrv BEDS . Chroma litK. 
l.Iolesmci Ixumxrwsaj. 2. Phaeo lesm/jL cervuajguLoa*i>$. 

Birds B.M.Yol.M. Fl.R. 

J S-Kfiuiemana del et kth. . MirAern Bros. Chrome lilt. 

I. Erwcnerrcus dyseJjjjb?. o.Erwcnemig vpwdbrcdJus. 
U.X.
Pm-ds 3 M.Vol XVI. 

j'ja"Li^ei:^zis dei.et hVr. Mint e m Bros . Chrojr 

Cluetur'Oy UiSslieriy* 

PI. 21 

Birds B.M.VoiJVI 

Mmtero Bros . C.hror 

J. G.Keulemaiis del.et litK. 
CctfjrimzzJoiiis griseaiiLS, d\ 

Pl.M.

Binds B.M. VobJW. 

Mintem Bros. Chroxno 

Caprvrruzlxfizs wiatefyiy \S. 

PI xrn.

Bird* B-M.VoLXVI. 

Min.tenn.Bros. Chroma . 

J &. Keul emans del. et lith.. 

LyricorrLis. rnhrulaiiwvshs.. 

Bin&sB.M.VolJyi. Pl.JIV. 

J. G-Keuleman-s- dfil.et HtK. . Minterr. Bros - Cr 
Bcvtrotclu) stomas Jtcurter&u. <3\ 

LIST OF THE CURRENT 

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Summaiy of the Voyage - By Dr. R. W. Coppinger. 
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Coleoptera -- ,, C. 0. Waterhouse. 
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Alcyonaria and Spongiida » „ S. 0. Ridley. 

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Catalogue of Monkeys, Lemurs, and Fruit-eating Bats in the Collection 
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Catalogue of Carnivorous, Pachydermatous, and Edentate Mammalia 
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BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 3 

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4 LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

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odce, or the families Tyraunkke, Oxyrhamphkkx*, 
Piprida1, Cotingkhi?, Pliytotonridffi, Philepittkhe, Pittidte, 
Xenicidie, and^Eurykcmidns. By Philip Lutley Sclatcr, 
M.A., FK.S. Pp. xix.; 194. Woodcuts and 26 coloured 
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 
1888, Svo. 1/. 4s\ 

Vol. XV. Catalogue of the Passerifonnes, or Perching Bird**, 
in the Collection of the British Mu.-euni. Tracheopltoiue, 
or the families Dendroeolaptkke, Formicarikla3, Conopophagidre, 
and Pteroptoehidai. By Philip Lutlev Sc later, 
M.A., F.E.S. Pp. yvii., 371. Woodcuts and 20 coloured 
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 
1890, 8vo. 1/. 

Vol. XVIII. Catalogue of the Piearke hi the Collection of 
the. British Museum. Seaasores, containing the family 
Picidai. By Edward Hargitt. Pp. xv., 597. Woodcuts 
and lo coloured Plates. [Willi Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1890? Svo. 1/. 6s. 

•"Vol. XIX. 
Catalogue of the Pieariai in the Collection of 
the British Museum. Scunsorcs and Coccyges: containing 
the families Ilhamphastkhej Galbulhke, and Bucconida^ 
hy P. L. Selater; and the families Indicatorkke, C'lpitonitke, 
Cuculkhe, and Musophagidai, by G. E. Shelley. Pp. xiL, 
484: iu coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1891, Svo. 1/. o,s\ 
Hand-List of Genera and Species of Birds*, distinguishing those 
contained in the British Museum. By G. E. Grav, F.E.S., 
&c. :— 
Part II. Conirostres, Scansores, Columbas, and Gallina\ 
Pp. xv., 278. Table of Genera and Subgenera : Part II. 
1870. Svo. 6s. 
Part III. Struthiones, GraJke, and Anseres, with Indices 
of Generic and Specific Names. Pp, xi., 3o0. Table of 
Genera and Subgenera: Part III. 18/1, Svo. 8s. 

List of the Specimens of Birds in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By George Eobert Gray :— 
Part III., Sections III. and IV. Capitonkke and Picidaa. 
[With Index.] Pp. 137. 1868, 12mo. Is. GcL 
Part V. Gallime. Pp. iv., 120. [Alphabetical Index.] 
1867, 12mo. Is. 6d. 

- NOTE.—Volume XVI. and &VIL Mill be published in the coursu o*' 
1891. 
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

Catalogue of the Birds of the Tropical Islands of the Pacific Ocean 
in the Collection of the British Museum. By George Robert 
Gray, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 12. [Willi an Alphabetical Index.] 
1859, 8vo. 1*. 6cL 

REPTILES. 

Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Amphisbamians in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., 
&c. Pp. viii., 80. [Alphabetical Index.] 1841, 12IBO."LS\ 

Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British 
Museum:— 
Appendix. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. 28. 
1872, 4to. 2s. 6d. 
Part II., Emydosaurians, Rhynehoccphalia, and Amphisbrenians. 
By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. vi., 

41. 25 Woodcuts. 1872, 4to. 3s. 6d. 
Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the British 
Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 121. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1878, 8vo. is. 
Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchoceplmlians, and Crocodiles in 
the British Museum (Natural History). New Edition. By 
George Albert Boulenger. Pp. x., 311. [With Systematic and 
Alphabetical Indexes.] 78 Woodcuts and 6 Plates. 1889, 8vo. 

15.9. 
Gigantic Land Tortoises (living and extinct) in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By Albert C. L. G. Giinther, M.A., M.D., 
Ph.D., F.R.S. Pp. iv., 96, 55 Places, and two Charts of the 
Aldabra group of Islands, north-west of Madagascar. [With a 
Systematic Synopsis of the Extinct and Living Gigantic Land 
Tortoises.] 1877, 4to. 1/. 10*. 
Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). 
Second edition. By George Albert Boulenger:— 
Vol. I. Geckonida?, Etiblepharkla*, Broplatida1, Pygopodida*, 
Agami(hn. Pp. xii., 436. 32 Plates. [With Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 20s. 

Vol. II. Tguanidaj, X°nosaurida3, Zonuriihe, Anguidas, 
Anniellidee, Ilelodermatidaj, Varanida1, Xantusiida3, Teiidne, 
Ampliisb8enida3. Pp. xiii., 497. 24 Plates. [With 
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 20*. 

Vol. III. Lacertidaj, Gerrhosauridiv, Soincida^, Anelytropidse, 
Dibamidaa, Chamceleontidie. Pp. xii., 575. 40 Plates. 
[With a Systematic Index and an Alphabetical Index to 
the three volumes.] 1887, 8vo. 1/. (w>\ 

Catalogue 
o£ Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi., 281. [With 
Geographical, Systematic, and Alphabetical Indexes.] LS58, 
12mo. 4,9. 

 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

BATJRACIIIANS. 
Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia In the Collection of the Briihh 
Museum. By Dr. Albert Gtinther. Pp. xvi., 160. 12 PJaJ.es. 
[With Systematic, Geographical, and Alphabetical Indexes.] 
1858, 8vo. 6s. 
Catalogue of the Batrachia Salicnlia, s. Ecaudata, in the Collection 
of the British Museum. Second edition. By George Albert 
Boulenger. Pp. xvi., 503. Woodcuts and 30 Plates. [With 
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, 8vo IL 10s. 
Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia, s. Caudatu, and Batiachia 
Apoda in the Collection of the British Museum. Second edition. 
By George Albert Boulenger- Pp. viii., 127. 9 Plates. [With 
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1SS2, Svo. 95. 

FISHES. 

Catalogue of the Fishes in the Collection of the British Museum. 
By Br. Albert Giinther, F.B.S., &c. :--

Vcl. II. Squamipinnes, Cirrhitida?, Triglidaj, Tracliinida?, 
Sciasnicla), Polynemida^, Sphyramida^ Trichiurida?, ScornbridaB, 
Carangidaj, Xipliiidai. Pp. xxi., 548. [With a 
Systematic and Alphabetical Tndex.] 1860, Svo. 8s. 6cL 

Vol. III. Gobiidje, Discoboli, Oxudercidm, Batraehidas, 
Pediculati, Blenniida}, AcanthoclinidaB, ComephoriVhe, 
Trachypteridai, Lophotida*. Tcuthididaj, Acronurida?, PIoplognathidae, 
Malacanthidaj, Naudidas, Polycentrida?, 
Labyiinthici, Luciocephalida*, Atherinida?. Mugilidai, 
Ophiocephalida3j Triclionotlda?, Cepolida?, Gobiesocida?, 
Psychrolutidse, Centriscidre, Fistularidas, Mastacembelidm, 
Notacanthi. Pp. xxv., 5b6. Woodcuts. [With a Systematic 
and Alphabetical Index, and a Systematic Synopsis 
of the families of the Acanthopterygian Fishes.] 186J, 
Svo. 10s. 6d. 

Yol. IV. Acanthopterygii Pharyngognathi, Anacanthini. 
Pp. xxi., 534. [With a Systematic and Alphabetical 
Index.] 1862, Svo. 8s. 6d. 

Vol. V. Silurida;, Characiuidaj, Haplocliitonidns, Sternoptychida?, 
Scopelida3, Stomiatidai, Pp. xxii., 455. Woodcuts. 
[With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 1864, 8vo. Ss. 

Vol. VI. Salmonidse, Percopsidas, Galaxida*, Mormyrida*, 
Gymnarchida3, Esocidae, XJmbrida?, Scombresoeidre, C} prinodontidas. 
Pp. xv., 368. Woodcuts. [With a Systematic 
and Alphabetical Index.] 1866, Svo. 7s. 

Vol. VII. Heterophygii, Cyprinidse, Gonorhynchidaa, Hyodontidas, 
Osteoglossidne, Clupeida?, Chirocentridaa, Alepocephalida), 
ISTotopteridas, Halosaurida). Pp, xx., 512. 
Woodcuts. [With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 
1868, 8vo. Ss. 

Vol.VIII. Gymnotidas, Symbranchidre, Murrenidic, Pegasidaa, 
Lophobranchii, Plectognathi, Dipnoi, Ganoidei, Chondropterygii, 
Cyclostoma(a, Leptocardii. Pp. xxv., 549. [With 
a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 1870, Svo. Ss, 6d> 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL UltfTOItY).

List of the Specimens of Fish in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Tart I. Chondropterygii. By J. E. Ciay, Pp. x., 

160. 2 riatoH. [Systematic anil Alphabetical Index.] 1851, 
12mo. 3,*. 
dialogue of Fish collected and describe 1 by Lauronre Theodore 
Gronow, now in the British Museum. Pp. vii., 190. [Systematic 
Index.] I So 1, 12mo. 3s. 6d. 

Catalogue 
of Lophobranchiate Fish in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By J. J. Kaup, Ph.D., &c. Pp. iv., 80. 4 Plates. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s. 

MOLLUSCA. 

Guide to tliQ Systematic Distribution of Mollusca in the British 
Museum. Part I. By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. 
Pp. xii., 230. 121 Woodcuts. 1857, 8vo. os. 

Catalogue of the Collection of Mazatlan Shells in the British Museum, 
collected by Frederick Ueigen. Described by Philip P. Carpenter. 
Pp. xvi., 552. 1857, 12mo. 8*. 

List of Mollusca and Shells in the Collection of the British Museum, 
collected and described by MM. Eydoux and Souleyct in the 
" Voyage autour du Monde, execute pendant les aimees 183G et 
" 1837, sur la Corvette <La Bonite/" and in the "Histoire 
" naturelle des Mollusques Pteropodes," Par. MM. P. C. A. L. 
Rang et Souleyet. Pp. i?., 27. 1855, 12mo. Sd. 

Catalogue of Pulmonata, or Air Breathing Mollusca, in the Collection 
of the British Museum. Part I. By Dr. Louis Pfeiifer. 
Pp. iv., 192. Woodcuts. 1855, 12mo. 2*. Od. 

Catalogue of the Auriculidse, Proserpinidao, and Truncatellidoe in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Louis Pfeiffer. 
Pp. iv., 150. Woodcuts. 1857, 12mo. ls.'dd. 

List of the Mollusca in the Collection of the British Museum. By 
John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. Part II. Olivillas. Pp. 

41. 1865, 12ino. Is. 
Catalogue of the Conchifera, or Bivalve Shells, in the Collection of 
the British Museum. By M. Deshayes ;— 
Part 1. Veneridse, Cypriuidas, Glauconomidaj, and Petricoladaa, 
Pp. iv., 216. 1853, 12mo. 3*. 
Part II. Petricolada3 (concluded), Corbiculadso. Pp. 70. 
[With an Alphabetical Index to the two parts.] 1851, 
12mo. Gd. 

BRACHIOPODA. 

Catalogue of Brachiopoda Ancylopoda or Lamp Shells in the Collection 
of the British Museum. Pp. iv., 128 25 Woodcuts. [With 
an Alphabetical Index.] 1853, I2mo. 3,v. 

<S LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

POLYZOA. 

Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Part III. Cyclostomata. By George Busk, F.E.S. Pp. 
viii., 30. 38 Plates. [With a Systematic Index.] 1875, 8vo. as, 

CRUSTACEA. 

Catalogue of Crustacea in the Collection of the British Museum, 
Part 1 Leucosiadre. By Thomas Bell, V.P.R.S., Pres. L.S., &c. 
Pp. iv., 21. 1855, 8vo. (kl 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Amphipodous Crustacea in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By C. SpenceBate,F.R.S., &e. 
Pp. iv., 399. ^ Plates. [Alphabetical Index.] 1862, Nvo. 

1/, 5s. 

INSECTS. 

Coleopterous Insects, 

Nomenclature of Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of the 
British Museum;— 
Part VI. Passali<la3. By Frederick Smith. Pp. 23. "With 
Plate and Index. 1852, 12mo. Sd. 
Part VII. Longicornia, I. By Adam White. Pp. iv., 171. 
4 Plates. 1853, 12mo. 2s. 6cL 
Part VIII. Longicornia, II. By. Adam White. Pp. 237. 
6 Plates 1855, 12mo. 3s. 6cl 

Part IX. Cassiclicke. By Charles II. Boheman, Professor of 
Natural History, Stockholm. Pp. 225. [With Index.] 
1856, 12mo. 3s. 

Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of Madeira in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By T. Vernon Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. 
Pp. xvi., 231. Plate. ["With a Topographical Catalogue and 
Alphabetical Index.] 1857, 8vo. 3s. 

Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of the Canaiies in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By T. Vernon Wollaston, M.A., 

F.L.S. Pp. xiii,, 648. [With Topographical and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1864, 8vo. 10s. 6d. 
List of the Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Part I. Ciicirjida), &c. By Frederick Smith. Pp. ii, 25. 
1851, 12mo. GcL 

Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Coleoptera in the Collection 
of the British Museum. Part 1. Lyekke. "By Charles Owen 
Waterhouse. Pp. x., 83. 18 coloured Plates. [With Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1879, 8vo. lGs. 

Catalogue 
of Halticidas in the Collection of the British Museum. 
By the Rev. Hamlet Clark, M.A., F.L.S. Physapodes and 
(Edipodos. Part I. Pp. xii., 301. Frontispiece and 9 Plates. 
I860, 8vo. 7s. 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATU11AL HISTORY).

Catalogue of Hispidae in the Collection of the British "Museum. By 
Joseph S. Baly, M.E.S., &c. Part I. Pp. x., 172. 9 Plates. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858, 8vo. 6s. 

Hymenopterous I: sects. 

Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Frederick Smith. 12mo.:— 
Part I. Andrenidifi and Apidaa. Pp. 197. 6 Plates. 1853, 

2s. QcL 

Part II. Apidie. Pp. 199-465. 6 Plates. [With an 
Alphabetical Index.] 1854, 6s. 
Part III. MutillidfB and Pompiliche. Pp. 206. 6 Plates. 
1855, 6s. 
Part IV. Sphegidaa, Larridoe, and Crabronidse. Pp. 207-497. 
6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, Qs. 
PartV. Vespida3. Pp. 147. 6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical 
Index.] 1857, 6s. 
Part VI. Formicidaa. Pp.216. 14 Plates, [With an Alphabetical 
Index.] 1858, Qs. 
Part VII. Dorylidas and Thynnidte. Pp. 76. 3 Plates. 
[Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 2s. 

Descriptions of New Species of Hymenoptera in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By Frederick Smith. Pp. xxi., 240. [Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1879, 8vo. 10s. 

List of Hymenoptera, with descriptions and figures of the Typical 
Specimens in the British Museum. Vol. L, Tenthredinidse and 
Siricidas. By W. F. Kirby. Fp. xxviii, 450. 16 coloured 
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, 8vo. 

11. 18s. 
Dipterous Insects. 

List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection of the 

British Museum. By Francis Walker. 12mo.:— 
Part II. Pp. 231-484. 1849, 12mo. 3s. 6cL 
Part III. Pp. 485-687. 1849, 12mo. 3s. 
Part IV. Pp. 689-1172. [With an Index to die four pans, 

and an Index of Donors.] 1819, 12mo. 6s. 
Part VI. Supplement II. Acroceridae and part of the 
family Asilidae. By Francis Walker, F.L.S. Pp. ii., 331


506. 8 Cuts. 1854, 12mo. 3s. 
Part 
VII. Supplement III. AbilitUe. Pp. ii., 507-775. 
J 855, 12mo. 3s. 6d. 

Lepidopterous Insects* 

Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the 
Collection of the British Museum:— 
Part III. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xviii., 82. 4 1-60 
coloured Plates. [Systematic Index.] 1879, 4to. 21. 10s. 
U 67966. A 5 

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera, foe-
continued. 

Part V. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xii., 74. 78-100 
Coloured Plates. [Systematic Index.] 1881, 4to. 21. \0s. 
Part VI. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xv., 89. 101-120 

Coloured Plates. [Systematic Index.] 1886, 4to. 21. 4s. 
Part VII. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. iv., 124. 121138 
Coloured Plates. [Systematic List.] 1889, 4to. 21. 

Part VIII. The Lepidoptera Heterocera of the Nilgiri 
District. By George Francis Hampson. Pp. iv., 144. 
139-156 Coloured Plates. [Systematic List] 1891, 4to. 

21. 
Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera of the family Satyridte in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner Butler, 
P.L.S., &c. Pp. vi., 211. 5 Plates. [Alphabetical Index.] 
1868, Svo. 5s. 6d. 

Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera described by Fabricius in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner Butler, 
F.L.S., <&c. Pp. iv., 303. 3 Plates. 1869, 8vo. Is. 6d. 

Specimen of a Catalogue of Lyca3nid8e in the British Museum. By 
W". C. Hewitson. Pp. 15. 8 coloured Plates. 1862, 4to. 1/. Is. 

List of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. 
Parti. Papiliondia3. By G. R. Gray, F.L.S. Pp.105. [Alphabetical 
Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s. 

List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of 

the British Museum. By Francis Walker. 12mo.:— 
Part III. Lepidoptera Heterocera. Pp. 582-775. 1855. 3s. 
Part IV. Pp. 776-976. 1855. 3s. 
PartV. Pp. 977-1257. 1855. 4*. 
Part VI. Pp. 1258-1507. 18o5.3s.6d. 
Part VII. Pp. 1508-1808. [With 

an Alphabetical Index to Parts I.-VIL] 1856. 4s. 6d. 
Part XL Noetuid®. Pp. 492-764. 1857. Ss. 6d. 
p art XII. Pp. 765-982. 1857. 3s. 6d. 
Part XV. Pp. 1520-1888. [With an Alpha


betical Index to Parts IX.-XV.] 1858. 4*. 6d. 
Part XVI. Deltoides. Pp. 253. 1858. 3*. Qd. 
Part XIX. Pyralites. Pp. 799-1036. [With an Alpha


betical Index tc Parts XVI.-XIX.] 1859. 35. (5d. 
Part XX. Geometrites. Pp. 1-276. 1860. 4s. 
Part XXL Pp. 277-498. 1860. 3*. 
Part XXII. Pp. 499-755. 1861. 3s. 6d. 
Part XXIII. Pp. 756-1020. 1861. 3s. 6d. 
Part XXIV. Pp. 1021-1280. 1862. 3*. 6d. 
Part XXV. Pp. 1281-1477. 1862. 3s. 
Part XXVI. Pp. 1478-1796. [With an Alpha


betical Index to Parts XX.-XXVL] 1862. 4*. 6d. 
Part XXVII. Crambites and Tortricites. Pp. I-286. 1863. 4*. 
Part XXVIII. Tortricites and Tineites. Pp. 287-561. 

1863. 4*. 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATUilAL HLSTOBY).

List of the Specimens of Lepidoplerous Insects, &c.—continued. 
Part XXIX. Tineites. Pp. 562-835. 1864. 4s. 
Part XXX. Pp. 83(5-1096. [Willi an Alpha


betical Index to Parts XXVIL-XXX.] 1864. 4*. 
Part XXXI. Supplement. Pp. 1-321. 1864. 5s. 
Part XXXII. Part 2. Pp. 322-706. 18G5, 
5,v. 
Part XXXIII. Part 3. Pp. 707-1120. 1865. 

6s. 

Part XXXIV. Part 4. Pp. 1121-1533. 1865. 
5s. 6d. 
Part XXXV. Part 5. Pp. 1534-2010. [With 
an Alphabetical Index to Parts XXXL-XXXV.] 1866. 

7s, 

Nearopterous Insects. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the Collection 
of the British Museum:-— 
Part I. (Phryganides—Pedicles.) By Francis Walker. 
Pp. iv., 192. 1852, 12mo. 2s. 6d. 
Part II. Sialidre—Xemopterides. By Francis Walker. 
Pp. ii., 193-476. 1853, 12mo. 3*. Gd. 
Part III. Termitida3—Ephemeridge. By Francis Walker. 
Pp. ii., 477-585. 1853, 12mo. 1*. Gd. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By Dr. H. Hagen. Part I. Tcrmifma. 
Pp. 34. 1858, 12mo. Gd. 

Ortkopterous Insects. 

Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Part I. Phasmida^. By John Obadiah Wcstwood, 
F.L.S., &c. Pp. 195. 4S Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 
1S59, 4to. 31. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Blatfarias in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 239. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1868, 8vo. 5s. Gd. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria and Supplement 
to the Blattarias in the Collection of the British Museum. 
G-ryllidai. Blattarice. Louustidss. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. 
Pp. 224. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 8vo. 5s. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection 
of the Britibh Museum : — 

Part II. Locu&tidss (continued). By Francis Walker, F.L.S., 
&c. Pp. 225-423. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 
8vo. 4s. Gd. 

12 LIST Of PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Catalogue of tlie Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria, &c.—continued. 
Part III. Locnstidas (continued). Acrididao. By Francis 
Walker, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 425-601. [With an Alphabetical 
Index.] 1870, 8vo. is. 
Part TV. Acrididao (continued). By Francis Walker, F.L.S., 
&c. Pp. 605-800. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 
8vo. 6s. 
Part V. Tefctigidns. Supplement to the Catalogue of Blattaiix; 
Supplement to the Catalogue of Dermaptera Saltatoria; 
and a description of the Geographical Distribution 
of Dermaptera. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 811850; 
43, 116. [With Alphabetical Indexes.] 1870, 8vo. 
6*. 

Hemipterous Insects. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptcra in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. 
8vo. :— 

Part I. Scutata. Pp. 240. 1867, 6s. 
Part II. Scutata (continued). Pp. 241-417. 1867, 4*. 
Part III. Pp. 418-599. [With an Alphabetical Index to 


Parts I., II., III., and Summary of Geographical Distribu


tion of the Species mentioned.] 1868, 4s. Gd. 
Partis. Pp.211. [Alphabetical Index.] 1871, 8vo. 6*. 
Part V. Pp. 202. 1872, 8vo. 5s. 
Part VI. Pp.210. 1873, 8vo. 5*. 
Part VII. Pp.213. 1873, 8vo. Gs. 
PartVIII. Pp. 220, 1873, 8vo. Gs. Gd. 

Homopterous Insects. 

List of the Specimens of Homopterous Insects in the Collection of the 

British Museum. By Francis Walker:—• 
Part I. Pp. 260. 1850, 12mo. 3s. Gd. 
Part II. Pp. 261-637. 185 L, 12mo. os. 
Part IV. Pp. ix., 909-1188. 8 Plates. [Alphabetical Index 

to the four parts.] 1852, 12mo. 4s, 
Supplement. Pp. ii,, 369. [Alphabetical Index.] 1858, 12mo. 

4s. Gd. 

VERMES. 

Catalogue of the Species of Entozoa, or Intestinal Worms, contained 
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Baird. Pp. iv., 

132. 2 Plates. [With an Index of the Animals in which the 
Entozoa mentioned in the Catalogue are found; and an Index of 
Genera and Species.] 1853, 12mo. 2s. 
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

ANTHOZOA. 

Catalogue of Sea-pens or Pcnnatulariidai in the Collection of tho 
British Museum. By J. K. Gray, F.R.ft., &c. Pp. iv., 40. 
2 Woodcuts. 1870, 8ro. Is. 6d. 

Catalogue of Lithophytcs or Stony Corals in the Collection of tho 
British Museum. By J. E. Cray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv., 51. 
14 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vof 3*. 

BRITISH ANIMALS. 

Catalogue of British Birds in the Collection of the British Museum. 
By George Robert Gray, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c. Pp. xil, 248. List 
of Species. 1863, 8vo. 3s. 6cL 

Catalogue of British Hymenoptera in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Frederick Smith, M.E.S. Second Edition. Part I. 
Andrenidae and Apidaa. [Catalogue of British Bees.—New Issue. ] 
Pp. xi., 236. 11 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1891, 8vo. 6s. 

Catalogue of British Fossorial Hymenoptera, Formicida^, and 
VespidflB in the Collection of the British Museum. By Frederick 
Smith, V.P.E.S. Pp. 236. 6 Plates. [Willi an Alphabetical 
Index.] 1858, 12rno. (5*. 

A Catalogue of the British Non-parasitical Worms in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By George Johnston, M.D., Edim, 

F.R.C.L. Ed., LL.D. Mariseluxl Coll. Aberdeen, <fec. Pp. 365, 
Woodcuts and 24 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1865, 
8vo. 7s. 
List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection of the 
British Museum; with Synonyma and References to figures, 
12mo. :— 

Part 
V. Lepidoptera. By J. F. Stephens. 1850. 2nd 
Edition. }Ho6, 12mo. 1*. 9cL 
Part VII. Mollusca, Acephala, and Brachiopoda. By Dr. 

J. E. Gray. 1851, l2mo. 3.v. 6d. 
Part XL Anoplura or Parasitic Insects. By II. Denny. 
1852. Is. 
Part XIII. Nomenclature of Hymenoptera. By Frederick 
Smith. Pp. ii., 74. 1853, 12mo. Is. M. 
Fart XIV. Nomenclature of Neuroptera. By Adam White. 
Pp. ii., 16. 1853, l2mo. 6cl 
Part 
XV. Nomenclature of Diptera, I. By Adam White, 
Pp. ii., 42. 1853, 12mo. Is. 

PLANTS. 

List of British DiatomacejQ in the Collection of the British Museum. 
By the Rev. W. Smith, F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 55. 1859, 12mo. U. 

14 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE 

FOSSILS. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Mammalia in the British Museum (Natural 
History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A., F.G.S. :— 

Fart I. Containing the Orders Primates. Chiroptera, Insec 
tivora, Caruivora, and Rodentia. Pp. xxx., 268. 33 
Woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes,] 
1885, 8vo. 5s. 

Part II. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suboidor Artiodactyki. 
Pp. xxii, 321. 39 Woodcuts. [With Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 6s. 

Paitll L Containing the Older Ungulata, Suborders Peii-,bodactyla, 
Toxodontia, Condylarthra,, and Ambljpoda. 
Pp. xvi., 186. 30 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, 
and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Specie?, including 
Synonyms.] 1886, 8vo. is. 

Part IV. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder Proboscidea. 
Pp. xxiv,, 233. 32 Woodcuts. [With Systematic 
Index and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species 
including Synonyms.] 1887, 8vo. 5s. 

Part V. Containing the Group Tillodontia, the Ciders Sirenia, 
Cetacea, Edentata, Marsupialia, Monotremata, and 
Supplement. Pp. xxxv., 315. 55 Woodcuts. [With 
Systematic Index and Alphabetical Index of Genera and 
Species, including Synonyms.] 1887, 8vo. 6*. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Bird3 in the British Museum (Natural 
History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A. Pp. xxvib, 36S, 75 
Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index and Alphabetical Index of 
(xenera and Species, including Synonyms] 1801, 8vo. 10s, Gd. 

Descriptive and Illustiated Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia of South 
Afiica in the Collection of the British Museum. By Richaid 
Owen, C.B, F.R.S., &c. Pp. xii, 88. 70 Plates/ [With a 
Tabular view of the Fossiliferous strata of the earth.] 1876. 
4to. 3/. 3^. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British 
Museum (Natural History). By Richard Lydekker, 11. A., 

F.G.S. impart 
I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, CiocodiKa, 
Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchccephalia, and Proteiosauria. 
Pp. xxviii., 309. 69 WoodcuK [With Systematic Index 
and Alphabetical Index (f Genera and Species, including 
Synonyms.] 1888, 8vo. Is. 6d. 

Part II. Containing the Orders Ichth) opterygia and Sauropterygia. 
Pp. xxi, 307. 85 Woodcuts. [With Systematic 
Index and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, 
including Synonyms.] 1889} 8vo. 7s..6d. 

Part III. Containing the Order Ohelonia. Pp. xviiL, 230. 
53 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index nid Alphabetical 
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonjms.] 
1889, 8vo. 7*. 6d. 

Part [V. 
Containing the Orders Anomodontia, Ecaudata, 
Caudata, and Labyrinthodontia ; and Supplement.- Pp. 

BRITISH MUSEUM (N.4TUHAL HISTORY). 15 

Collogue of (lie Fossil Rcptilia and Amphibia, &c.--continued. 
xxiii., 295. 66 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, 
Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, including 
Synonyms, and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species 
to the entire work.] 1890, 8vo. 7s. 6d. 

Calalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the .British Museum (Natural 
History). By Arthur Smith Woodward, F.G.S., F.Z.S. :— 
Part I. Containing the Elasinobranchii. "Pp. xlvii., 474. 
13 Woodcuts and 17 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, and 
Systematic Index of Genera and Species.] 1889, 8vo. 2is. 
Purl II. Containing the Elasmobranehii (Aeanthodii), IIoloct'phali, 
lehlhyodorulites, Ostraeodermi, Dipnoi, and Teleoblomi 
(Crobsopterygii "and Chondrostean Aetinopfccrygii). 
Pp. xliv., 507. 58 Woodcuts and 16 Plates. [With Alphabetical 
Index, and Systematic Index of Genera and. Species.] 
1891, 8vo. 2 Is, 

Systematic List of the Edwards Collection of British Oligocene and 
Eocene Mullusca in the British Museum (Natural History), with 
references to the type-specimens from similar horizons contained 
in other collections belonging to the Geological Department of the 
Museum. By Richard Bullen Newton, F.G.S. Pp. xxviii., 365. 
[With iable of Families and Genera, Bibliography, Correlation-
table, Appendix, and Alphabetical Index.] 1891, 8vo. 6s. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Cephalopoda in the British Museum 
(Natural History). By Arthur li. Foord, F.G.S. :~


Part I. Containing part of the Suborder Nautiloidea, consisting 
of the families Orthoceratidse, Endoceratidas, Actinoceratidjje, 
Gomphoceratida^, Ascoceratidas, Poterioceralida3, 
Cyrtoceratidas, and Supplement. Pp. xxxi.? 844. 51 
Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical 
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888, 
8vo. 10s. 6d. 

Part II, Containing the remainder of the Suborder Nautiloidea, 
consisting of the families Lituitidaj, Trochoccratidai, 
Nautiliclse, and Supplement. Pp. xxviii., 407. 86 Woodcuts. 
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of 
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1891, 8vo. 156'. 

A Catalogue of British Fossil Crustacea^ with their Synonyms and 
the Range in Time of each Genus and Order. By Henry Woodward, 
F.R.S. Pp. xii., 155. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 
1877, 8vo. os. 

Catalogue of the Btastoidca in the Geological Department of the 
British Museum (Natural History), with an account of the morphology 
and systematic position of the group, and a revision of the 
genera and species. (Illustrated by 20 plates, &c.) By Robert 
Etheridge, jun., of the Department of Geology, British Museum 
(Natural History), and P. Herbert Carpenter, D.Sc, F.R.S., 

F.L.S. (of Eton College). [AVilli a preface by Dr. H. Woodward, 
Table of Contents, General Index, Explanation of the Plates, &c] 
Pp. xv., 322. 1880, 4to. 25*. 
16 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Catalogue of the Fossil Sponges in the Geological Department of the 
British Museum (Natural History). With descriptions of new 
and little-known species. By George Jennings Hinde, Ph.D., 

F.G.S. Pp. viii., 248. 38 Plates. [With a Tabular List of 
>Species, arranged in Zoological and Stratigraphical sequence, and 
an Alphabetical Index.] 1883, 4to. 1/. 10*. 
Catalogue of the Fossil Foraminifera in the British Museum (Natural 
History;. By Professor T. Eupert Jones, F.R.S., &c. Pp. xxiv., 

100. [With Geographical and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, Svo. 5s. 
Catalogue of the 
Palaeozoic Plants in the Department of Geology 
and Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural Historr). By 
Robert Kidston, F.G.S, Pp. viii., 288. [With a list of works 
quoted, and an Index.] 1886. Svo. 5s. 

GUIDE-BOOKS. 

(To be obtained only at the Museum.) 

A General Guide to the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell 
Road, London, S.W. [By W. H. Flower.] With 2 Plans, 
2 views of the building, and an illustrated cover. Pp. 74. 1891, 
Svo. M. 

Guide to the Galleries of Mammalia (Mammalian, Osteoiogical, 
Cetacean) in the Department of Zoology of the British Museum 
(Natural History). [By A. Giinther.] 3rd Edition. Pp. 125. 
57 Woodcuts and 2 Plans. Index. 1887, Svo. -id. 

A Guide to the Gould Collection of Humming Birds, British 
Museum (Natural History). [By A. Giinther.] 5th Edition. 
Pp. 22. With Map showing the distribution of Humming Birds. 
1889, 8vo. 2d. 

G-uide to the Gallery of Eeptilia in the Department of Zoology of 
the British Museum (Natural History). [By A. Giinther.] 2nd 
Edition. Pp. 30. 22 Woodcuts and 1 Plan. 1886, Svo. 2d. 

Guide to the Galleries of Reptiles and Fishes in the Department of 
Zoology of the British Museum (Natural History). [By A. 
Giinther.] 2nd Edition. Pp. iv., 119. 101 Woodcuts and 1 
Plan. Index. 1888, Svo. 67/. 

Guide to the Shell and Starfish Galleries (Mollusca, Echinodermata, 
Vermes), in the Department of Zoology of the British Museum 
(Natural History). '[By A. Giinther.] " 2nd Edition. Pp.iv., 74." 
51 Woodcuts and 1 Plan. 1888, 8vo. M. 

A Guide to the Exhibition Galleries of the Department of Geology 
and Palaeontology in the British Museum (Natural History), 
Cromwell Road, London, S.W. [By Henry Woodward. New 
Edition.]— 
Part I. Fossil Mammals and Birds. Pp. xii., 103. 119 
Woodcuts and 1 Plan. 1890, Svo. 6d. 
Part II. Fossil Reptiles, Fishes, and Invertebrates, Pp. xii., 

109. 94 Woodcuts and I "PI sin Ifinn Rvn (\,1 
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

Guide to the Collection of Fossil Fishes in the Department of 
Geology and Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural History), 
Cromwell Road, South Kensington. [By Henry Woodward.] 2nd 
Edition. Pp.51 . 81 Woodcuts. Index. 1888, 8vo. M. 

A Guide to the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural 
History). [By L. Fletcher.] Pp. 32. Plan. 1889, 8vo. Id. 

An Introduction to the Study of Minerals, with a Guide to the 
Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell 
Eoad, S.W. [By L. Fletcher.] Pp. 120. Diagrams. 
Plan of the Mineral Gallery. Index. 1889, 8vo. 6d. 

The Student's Index to the Collection of Minerals, British Mu.-eum 
(Natural History). New Edition. Pp. 27. With a plan of the 
Mineral Gallery. 1890, 8vo. 2d. 

An Introduction to the Study of Meteorites, with a List of the 
Meteorites represented in the Collection. [By L. Fletcher.] 
[With a Plan of the Mineral Gallery, and an Index to the 
Meteorites represented in the Collection.] Pp.91. 1890, 8vo. 3d. 

W. II. FLOWER, 
Director. 

Brhibh Museum 
(Natural History), 
Cromwell Road, 
London, S.W. 

August 1st, 1891. 

LONDON: Printed by E Y it E and Sroniswooi) K, 
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty. 
.For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 
[7144.—3000 & 250.— 8/91.] 


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