Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum 
Volume XIX 
1891 
eBooks von / from Digitalisiert von / Digitised by 
Humboldt-Universität zu 
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CATALOGUE 


BIRDS 


BRITISH MUSEUM. 

VOLUME XIX. 

LONDON: 
PBINTED BY OEDEE OF THE TRUSTEES. 
1891. 

pa 

& 

CATALOGUE 


OF THE 

PICARI1 


I S THE 

COLLECTION 

BRITISH MUSEUM. 

SCANSORES AND COCCYGES, 


CONTAINING THE FAMILIES 

EHAilPHASTIDiE, GALBTJLID^E, AND BUCCONID^E, 

P. L. SCLATER, 
AND THE FAMILIES 
INDICATORIILE, CAPITONID^E, CUCTJLIB^E, 


AND MUSOPHAGID^E, 

BY 

G. E. SHELLEY. 
LONDON: 
PEINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. * 

SOLD BY 
LONGMANS & Co., 39 PATEENOSTEE EOW; 
B. QUARTICH, 15 PICCADILLY; ASHEE & Co., 13 BEDEOED STEEET, CO VENT G-AEJDEN; 
KEGAN PAUL, TEENCH, TEUBNEE, & Co., 57 LUDGATE HILL; 


AND AT THE 
BEITISH MUSEUM (NATUEAL HISTOEY), CEOMWELL BOAD, S.W. 


1891. 

PRINTED BY TAYLOB AND FRANCIS, 
ItED LION COUET, FLEET STREET. 


PREFACE. 


THE present volume contains an account of the remaining families 
of the suborder Scamsores, and of those of the suborder Coccyges, 
The arrangement of three of these families, which are entirely 
composed of Neotropical forms, was undertaken by Mr. P. L. 
Sclater, that of the remainder by Captain Q. E. Shelley. 

The numbers of species of the several families, and of the 
specimens at present in the Collection of the British Museum, are aa 

Species. Types. Specimens. 
Indicatoridse ... . 12 3 8(3 
Capitonidse ... . 112 18 2183 
llhamphastidse.... . .. . 59 5 673 
Galbulidss .. .. 21 6 243 
Bucconidae ... . 43 10 419 
Cuculidse ... . 176 28 5423 
MusophagidiB ... . 25 3 204 
448 73 9231 

Of the 448 species recorded, 32 are not represented in the 
Museum; but besides the 73 types of species admitted as valid, the 
Collection contains 50 other typical specimens the names of which 
are now relegated to the synonymic lists. 

Of donations not already mentioned on former occasions, I have 
to refer to the two following, which were specially useful in supplementing 
the series of specimens catalogued in the present volume:— 

PREFACE. 

the entire collection of Cuckoos formed by Mr. H. Seebohm, and 
consisting of 539 specimens ; and a valuable series of South-African 
birds collected by T. and W. Ayres in Natal and the Transvaal for 
the late Mr. J. H. Gurney, and presented by his son. 

ALBERT GUNTHEB, 

Keeper of the Department of Zoology. 

British Museum (N. H.), 
March 28, 1891. 

SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 


Order PICAKI/E 

(contin.). 

Suborder SCANSOKES 

(contin,). 

Earn. iNDICATOEIDiB. 
Page 

1. Indicator, Vieill. 2 

1. xanthonotus, Blyth .. 3 

2. archipelagicus, Temm. 4 

3. indicator {Gin.) .. 5;

,457 

4. major, Steph 63 457 

5. vpjfigatus^ Less 7 

a. stictithoraxj Reiche?i, 8 

6. maculatus, Gray . 9 

7. minor, Steph 9 

8. conirostris (Cass.) . 10 

9. exilis ( Cass.) 11 

2. ProdotiscuSj Sundev. . U 

1. regulus, Simdev 11 

2. in&igm\( Cats.) ... 12 

Fam. CAPiTONiDiE. 

1. 
Pogonorhynchus, Van der 
Hoeven 15 

1. dubius (Gm.) 15 

2. 
Erytlirobucco, Shelley 10 
l.rolleti(D^.) 17 

3. 
Melahobucco, Shelley 17 
-» 1. bidentatus (Shaw).... 18 

2. ajquatoriajisj Shelley .. 19 
r,4 3. meMoplerus (Peters). 19 
4. levaillanti(F«.).... 20 

5. leucocepbalus (JDe/il.) . 21 

6. albicauda (Shelley) . . 21 

7. senex (Reichen.) 22 

8. leucogaster (Bocage) . 22 

9. abyssinicus (Lath.) .. 22 
\ ^10. torquatus (Dumont) 24,457 
'11 . irroratus (Cab.) 25 
. 12. \ieilloti (Leach) 26 

13. undatus (Rujip.) .... 27 

Page 

4. Tricholaema, J. $ B. Verr. 28 

1. birsutum (Swains.) .. 28 

2. stigmatothorax, Cab,.. 29 

3. melanocephalum (CV.) 30 

4. lachrymo&um, Cab. .. 31 

5. affine [Shelley) 31 

6. leucomelan (Bodd.) .. 31 

7. diadematum ( Seugl.) . 33 

8. frontatuin (C«5.) 34 

9. masaicum (Reichen.).. 34 

5. Gymnobucco, Bp 34 

1. calvus (Lafr.) 34 

6. Heliobncco, Shelley 36 

1. bonapartii (Ilartl) ., 36 

7. Smilorhis, Sundev 36 
h 1. leucotis (Sundev.) .... 37 

2. kilimensis, Shelley 37 

8. Barbatula, Zm. .., 38 
<\ 1. duchaillui, Cass 38 

2. pusillla (Drnnont) .... 39 

3. minuta, Bp 40 

* 4. afiinis, Meichen 41 

5. uropygialis, Heugl .. 41 

6. chiysocoma (Temm.) . 42 

7. extoni, Layard .. 43, 457 
h 8. erytlironota (Cuv.) .. 43 

* 9. bilineata (Sundev.) 44,457 

10. cbrysopyga, Shelley .. 45 

11. leucolsema, /. Sf E. 
Verr 45, 457 

12. subsulphurea (Fraser). 46 

13. scolopacea (Temm.) .. 47 

14. fiscberi, Reichen 46 

9. Stactolaama, Marshall .. 48 

1. ancbietse (Bocage).... 48 

2. olivaceum (Shelley) .. 49 

3. simplex (F ty R.) ..,. 49 

10. Calorhamplms, Less 49 

1. bayi (Gray) ... .... 50 

1 2. fuliginosus (Temm.) .. 51 

11. Megalasma, Gray 52 

1. virens (Bodd.) ^2 

2.riiarshallorum,Sit ink, . 53 

Vlll 
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 

Page 

3. equamatus, Salvin . . 110 
4. quinticolor, Elliot .... Ill 
& mgex(P. L. 8. Mull.) . Ill 
6. punctatus, Less 112 
7. auratus (Dumont) .... 113 
\ 8. rKKa^.soni, Gray .... 114 
9. gyanacUsnsig, Shelley . . 115 
10. aurantiicollis (Scl.) . . 115 
11. steerii, Scl # Salu 116 
12. versicolor, Mull 116 
13. glaueogularis, Tschudi. 117 
H±. bourcien (Xfl/r.) ... . 118 
15. saJgn£C2ge% 119 
19. Tetragonops, Jard 120 
1. rbamphastinus, Jard. . 120 
2. frantzivS'c/ 121 
Fain. RHAMPHASTIDJE. 

1. 
Rhamphastos, Linn 124 
L toco, Mull 124 
2. carinatus, Sw 125,458 
3. brevicarinatus, Gould . 126 
4. tocard, Vieill 127 
5. ambiguus, Sw 128 
6. erythrorhvnchiib, Gmel. 128 
7. irica, Gould 129 
8. cuvieri, Way 1 130 
9. culminatus, Gould .... 130 
10. citreolaemtis, Gould .. 131 
11. oseulans, Gould 131 
12. ariel. Viy 131 
13. vitellines, Lichi 132 
14. dlcolprus, Linn 133 
2. Andigena^ Gould 133 
1. hyjposrlaucus, Gould . . 134 
2. cucutfatus, Gould .... 134 
3. lamimrostri>, Gould . . 135 
>4. nigrirostris, Waterh... 135 
5. spilorbvnchus, Gould . 136 
6. baigoni, Yieill 130 
3. Pteroglossus, III. 137 
1. aracarij Linn 138 
2. wledi, Sturm 139 
3. formosus, Cab 139 
4. ^TaEcaSqtus, Gould . . 139 
% 5. castanotis, Gould .... 140 
6. iorquatus, Gm. .. 141,458 
7. frantzii^ Cab 142 
& erjthrop_Y&ius, Gould. . 143 
9. sanguineus,*7roM&7.... 143 
10. tnjbrquatus, Viy 144 
11. sturmiT2rfl# 144 
12. tlavilSStris, Fraser 144 
13. azarae, Vieill. 145 
12. Ckotorhea, Bp
1. corvina (Temm.) ....
2. jaTensis (Mors/.) ....
3. 
ehrysopogon (Temm.) .
a.*cbrysopsis (Go/fin). .
4. ve^^lpr (Raffl.)
13. 
Oyanops, Bp^ 1. a&iatica (Lath.)
2. daviboni {Hume) ....
3. flay if pons {CM v.)
4. ar miliaria (Temm.) . .
\ 5. henrici (Temm.)
6. incognita (Hume) ....
7. pulcherrima (Shnrpe) .
8. franklini (Blyth) ....
9. ramsayi ( Wald.)
10. oorti (S. Mull.)
11. mystacophanes^TVwim.)
12. monticola, Sharpe ....
13. Buciialis (Gould)
14. fab&r^(8ioinh.)
15. lagrandieri (Verr.)....
16. phasostriata (Bp.) 76,458 
17. zeylonica (Gm.) ....
18. caniceps (Frankl.)
19. lineata (Vieill.)
20. viiidis (Bodd.)
14. 
Mesbbtrcco, Shelley^ 1. duvauceli (Less.)
* 2. cyanotis (Blyth)
15. 
Xantholsema, BpK 1. bsernatocephala (P. L. 
S. Milll.)
2. rttbricapilla (Gm.) ....
3. austraUs (Horsf.)
4. malabarica (Blyth) ..
5. rosea (Dumont)
6. intermedia, Shelley
16. P&ilopogon, 8. Mull
^ 1. pyrpioplius, 8. Mull...
17." TracBypnonus, Ranzani ..

 55 
56 
56 
57 
59 
59 
61 
62 
05 
65 

6Q 

 67 
68 
69 
69 
70 
71 j 
72 
74 
74 
75 
75 

1. cater (Vieill.) ... . 100,45b 
2. suabelicus, Reichen. .. 102 j 
3. versicolor, Hartl 102 
4. erythrocephalus, Cab.. 102 I 
5. shelleyi, Hartl 103 I 
6. margaritatus (Rupp.) . 103 
7. boehmi, Fischer # 
Reichen 104 
* la. eraini, Reichen 458 
8. arnaudi (JDes Murs) .. 105 
76 J 

 78 

 80 
83 | 
85 i 

 85 

 87 
88 | 

 89 : 
93 
94 j 
95 j 
96 
97 
98 
98 
99 
9. piirpuratus, Verr
10. goflini (Schley.)
18. Capito, Vieill
1. auroyirens (Cttv.)
% macullcoronatus, Lawr. 
106 
10b 
107 
108 
109 j 

SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 

4. Jacamaralcyon, Less 174 
\ 1. tridactyla, Vieill 174 
5. 
Galbaltfyrbynebus, Bes 
Murs 175 
1. leucotis, Bes Murs .. 175 
Sllbfam. Ji,CAMEEOPINiE. 

6. Jacamerops, Less 176 
1. grandis, Gm 176 
Fam. BTJCCONIDJE. 

1. Bucco, Briss 179 
1. collaris, Lath 180 
2. macrorkynckus, Gm... 181 
3. djsqui, Scl 182 
4. kyperrkynckus, Scl .. 183 
5. swainsoni, Gray 183 
6. pectoralis, Gr.fy Mitch. 184 
7. ordi, Cass 184 
8. tectus, Bodd. 185 
9. picatus, Scl 186 
10. subtectus, Scl 186 
11. inacrodactylus, Spiv .. 186 
12. ruficolKs, Wagl 187 
13. bicinctus, Gould 188 
14. tamatia, Gm 188 
y 15. pulmentum, Bp 189 
16. rnaculatus, Gm 190 
17. striatipectus, Scl. 
.... 190 
18. ckacuru, Vieill 191 
19. striolatus, Pels 192 
20. radiatus, Scl. 192 
2. Malacoptila, Gray 193 
1. feqa, Gm .. 193 
2. rafa, Sjwar 194 
3. torqujtaj, Hahn 
u. 
iS. 195 
f, 4. panamensis, Lafr. .... 196 

5. iriShiata, Bn Bus..... 197 
6. fuTflgularis, Scl 198 
7. sufetrlata, Scl 198 
3. Micromonacka, Scl 199 
1. lanceolata, Beville 199 
4. Nonnula, Scl 199 
1. rubecula, Spiv 200 
2. cmeracea, Scl 200 
3. ruficapilla, Tsch 200 
4. frontalis, Scl 201 
5. brunnea, Scl 201 
5. Hapaloptila, Scl. 202 
1. 
castanea, Verr 202 
b 
14. humbpldti, Wagl
15. mscri£tu8? Swains
16. viridiSj Linn
17. dHymus, Scl
18. beaukarnaisi, Wagl ..
4. SeleniSera," GouB
1. maculir<>tris, Licht. ..
2. goildi, Natt
3. langsdorffi, Wagl
4. reinwardtii, Wagl....
5. nattereri, Gould
6. piperivora, Linn7". spectabilis, Cass
5. Aulacorkampkus, Gray ..
1. sulcatus, Sw
2. erytbrognatbus, Gould. 154 
3. calorbyncbus, Gould.. 155 
4. derbianus, Gould 155 
5. wMtelyanus, 8. fy G. 156 
6. pragmas, Licht. .. 156, 458 
7. wagleri, Sturm 157 
8. albivittato? Boiss 157 
9. baematopygiuS; Gould. 158 
10. c^aalsiciBSS^8; $Orb. . 159 
11. cseruleigularis, Gould . 159 
Page 
146 
146 
147 
147 
148 
148 
149 
150 
150 
151 
151 
152 

 153 

 153 

 154 

12. cyanolssmus, Gould ..
13. apaagailajis, Sturm,...
14. dimidiatus, Midgw. ..
Fam. GALBTTLID2E. 

Subfam. GcAJvsuvmm. 

1. Urogalba,.%
1. paradise% Linn
2. amazormnijj Scl
2. Galbula, Briss. ........
1. viridis, Lath
* 2. rufo-viridis, Cab
""3. ruficauda, Cuv
4. melanogeBia, Scl 
....
5. tomlalcea, Spix6- pastafrge, Tacz. et Berl.
7. albirosSis, Lath
8. qvffiicollis, Cass
9. XeSeo^Ber, Vieill....
10. clalcotborax, Scl....
3. Brachygalba, Bp
1. lugubris, Sw
2. Mviventris, Set.
3. goeringi; Scl $ Salv...
4. sSCteofi, Scl $ Salv...
5. albigularis, Spiv
6. melanosteraa, Scl....
VOL. XIX. 
160 
160 
160 

 162 
162 
163 
163 
164 
165 
166 
166^ 
167 
168 
168 
169 
170 
171 
171 
171 
172 
172 
173 
173 
174 

SYSIEMATI 3 INDEX, 

Fag# 

Page 

10. sonnerati, Lath....... 262 


6. Monacba, Vieill 202 

-7. Cercococcyx, Cab. . 265 
n1. mecbowi, Cab. 265 

1. nigra, Miill 203 

 2. &wostris, JSSKCK . . 204 

3. morpbeus,iT<zy^ u.Kiist. 204 , 8. Cacomantis, S. Miill 265 
' 4. peruana, /SW. 205 
v l . flabelHformis(Z^.).. 266 

" 5. gfaSSctior, Scl. $ Salv. . 205 

2. merulinus (Scop.) .... 268 

3. variolosus {Horsf.) . . 272 
%ff 4. insperatus (Goidd).... 273 

6. pallescens, Cass 206 

 7. nigrifkms, Spix 206 

7. CbeMoptera, Gould ... . 207 _<J 5. virescens (Brilgg.) 274 

1. tenebrosa, Pallas ... . 207 "*"""" 6/castaneiventris, Gould. 274 

2. brasiLiensis, /SW. 208 7. bronzinns (G?*ay) .... 275 

8. sirnus (Peak) ...... 276 

9. mfuscatus (Hartl) . . 276 
"• 10. passerinus (VaM) .... 277 

Suborder COCCYGES. 

9. Mesocalius, Cab 279 

1. palliolatus (Lath.).... 279 

Earn. CUCULID-3E. 

10. Ckrysococcyx, Boie 280 
Subfam. CUCULIN.ES. 

1. srnaragdineus (Swains.). 280 

2. iiaugularis, Shelley . . 282 

1. 
Coccystes, Gloger 211 3. klaasi (Steph.) 283 
, 1. glandarius (L.) .. 212,468 4. cupreus (Bodd.).. 285,459 

2. cofomandus (L.) .... 214 11. Ohaleocoecyx, Cab 288 
'/, 3. jacobinus (Bodd.) 217,458 1. xanthorbynchus(IT0rs/\)289 

a. laypopinarius, Cab. fy . 2. maculatus (Gm.) .... 291 
Heine 220, 458 ,\3 . meyeri (Salvad.) 293 
/3. caroli, Norman ... . 221 j 4. basalis (Horsf.) 294 

4. cafer (Zi'cfo.) 221,459 5. lucidus (Gm.) 295 

5. serratus (Sparnn.) 223, 459 6. poliurus (Salvad.) 296 

6. albonotatus, Shelley .. 224 7. plagosus (Lath.) .... 297 

2. Paebycoceyx, Cte£ 224 " 8. malayanus (Raffl.).... 298 

1. audeberti, Schl. ..... . 224 9. pceciluxus {Gray) 299 
K 2. "validus (Reichen.) 225 10. rufieollis (Salvad.) .... 300 

3. 
Calliecbtbrus, Cab. fy 11. poecikmoides (Salvad.). 301 
Seine 225 12. misorensis (Salvad.) . . 301 

1. leucolopbus (S. Mull). 225 13. crassirostris (Salvad.) . 301 

4. 
Surniculus, Less 226 ' 12. Coccyzus, Vieill 302 
; 1. lugubds (Mors/.) ... . 227 1. lansbergi, Bp 303 

2. muscnenbroeld, Meyer. 230 2. ferrugineus, Goidd.... 303 

3. yelutinus, Sharpe 230 3. minor (Gm.) 304 

6. Hierococcyx, S. Mull 231 gT maynardi, Ridgw. . . 306 

1. sparveroides ( Vig.) .. 232 fi. SB^mcse^i£lley .. 306 

2. bocki, TV. Ramsay 234 4. melanocorypbus, V. .. 307 

3. varius (Vahl) 234 5. americanus (L.) .. 308,459 

4. fugax (Horsf.) 236 a. occidentals, Ridgw. 311 

5. nanus, Hume 238 6. erythrophthalmus, 

6. crassirostris, Wald 239 (Wils.) 311,460 

6. Cuculus, Lirni 240 7. cinereus, Vieill. 312 

1. micropterus, Gould . . 241 8. pumilus, Sti'icM. 313 

2. gjflms; Steph 244 13. Urodynaniis, Salvad. 313 

3. canorus, L 245, 459 1. taitiensis (Sparrm.) .. 314 

4. intermedins, VaM 252,459 14. Eudynamis, Vig.tyHorsf. 315 

- 5. poliocepbalus, Lath. , . 255 1. houorata (L.) 316,460 

6. solitarius, Steph 258 „ 2. mindanensis (L.) ... . 321 

7. gabonensis, Lafr 259 3. orientals (L.) 322 

8. clamosus, Lath 260 4. eyanocephala (Lath.).. 324 

9. pallidus, Lath 261 5. rufiventer {Less.) ... . 325 

SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 

6. rnelanorbyncha, 
S. 
Mull 327 
15. Microdynamis, Salvad. .. 328 
1. parva (Salvad.) 328 
16. Rbanrpbomantis, Salvad.. 329 
1. rnegarbvnebus (Gray) . 329 
17. Scytbrops, Xwz'A 329 
I* 1, novse-bollandise, Lath. 330 
Subfam. CENTROPODIKZB. 

18. Centropus, III 331 
1. ateralbus, Less 334 
2. milo, Gould 335 
8. goliath, jBp 335 
4. menebiki, Less 336 
5. aruensis (Salvad.) .... 337 
6. Yiolaceus(Q.#£.).... 337 
7. ebalybeus (Salvad.) .. 337 
8. bernsteini, Schl 338 
9. spiloptems, Gray .... 338 
10. mindorensis (Steere) .. 339 
11. nigricans (Salvad.).... 339 
12. phasianus (Lath.) 340 
13. eElororhynchus, Blyth. 342 
14. recjaagpis, Strickl .. 343 
15. sinensis (Steph.) 343 
16. purpureus, Shelley .... 348 
17. viridis (Scop.) 349 
18. toulou (P. L. S. Mull) 350 
19. bengalensis (Gm.) 352 
20. jaVaiiTcus (Bumont) , . 354 
21. Bigrorufus {Cuv.) .... 357 
22. epomidis, Bp.... 357 
23. leucogaster (Leach) .. 358 
24. anselli, Sharpe 859 
25. fiscberi, Reichen.359 
26. monacbus, Rupp 859 
27. Senegalensis (X.) 360 
28. natalensis, Shelley 362, 460 
29. superciliosus, XT. $ F. 363 
30. melanops, Less 365 
31. celebensis, Q.# G 365 
32. andamanensis, Beavan . 366 
83. jjmrufus (Cab. $ Seme) 367 
Subfam. PHGBNICOPHAIN-33. 

19. 
Saurotbera, Vieill 369 
. ]. dominincensis, Lafr. .. 369 
2. yetula (X.) 370 
$.medw,I>'Orb 870 
4. babamensis, Bryant .. 371 
5. vieilloti, Bp 371 
Page 

20. Hyetomis,#c/ 372 
1. pluvialis (Gm.) 372 
21. Kaya,Xm 373 
. 1. cayana(X.) ... . 373,460 
X melanogastra (F.) ... . 377 
3. minuta(F.) 378 

22. ZarjcTostomus, Swains. .. 380 
*., 1. javanicus (Horsf.) 380 
23. Taccocua, Less 381 
1. sirkee (Gray) 381 
24. Bbopodytes, Cab. $ Rein. 384 
1. viridirostris (Jerd.) .. 885 
2. tristis (Less.) 386 
S.elongatus (S. Mull.) .. 389 
4.*borneensis (Bp.) 389 
5. diardrCX^s.) 390 
6. sumatranus (Baffl) .. 391 
25. 
Kbinortba, Vig 392 
*• 1. cbloropbcea, (Baffl.) .. 393 
26. Pbcenicophaes, Vieill. 395 
1. pyrrbocephalus (Forst.) 395 
27. Kbampbbeoccyx, Cab. fy 
Heine 396 
. 1. calorbynchiis (Temm.) 396 

28. Bbino coccyx, Sharpe 397 
1. curvirostris (Shaw) .. 897 
29. Urococcyx, Shelley 398 
1. 
erytbrognathus 
(Hartl) 398 
2. eeneicaudus (Verr.) .. 400 
30. Dryococcyx, Sharpe 400 
1. barringtoni, Sharpe .. 400 
31. 
Oeutbmocbares, Cab. $• 
Heine 401 
• 1.flavirostris(Swains.) .. 401 
* 2. aereus (Vieill.) 402 
3. australis, Sharpe 403 
32. Dasyloplius, Swains 403 
1. superciliosus (Cuv.) .. 404 
83. Lepidbgramrnus, Reichenb. 404 
1. cumingi (Fraser) 404 
34. Coua, Cuv 405 
1. caexulea (X.) 406 
2. reynaudii, Piich 407 
3. serriana, Buch 408 
4. cristata (X.) 409 
5. pyropyga, Grand 410 
6. verreauxi, Grand 410 
7. ruficeps, Gray 411 
8. olrvaceiceps (Sharpe) . 411 
9. cursor, Grand 412 
10. coquerelli, Grand..... 412 
11. gigas (Bodd.) 412 
12. deialandii (Temm.) .. 413 
SYSTEMATIC

Subfam. NEOMOBPHINJS. 

35. Carpococcyx, Gray.. . 414 
1. radiatus (Temm.) . 415 
36. Neomorphus, Gloger . 415 
1. geoffroyi (Temm.) . 416 
2. salvini, Scl . 417 
3. puclierani (Beville) . 417 
4. rufipennis (Gray) . 418 
5. radiolosus, Salv., . 418 
37. Geococcyx, Wagl. . . 419 
1. mexicamis (Gm,) . 419 
2. affinis, Hartl. ... . 421 
38. 
Morococcyx, Scl . 422 
y^ 1. erythropygus (Less. . 422 
Subfam. DIPLOPTERINJE. 

39. Diplopterus, Boie 423 
1. neevius (L.) ^ 423 
40. Dromococcyx, Wied .... 425 
1. phasianellus (Spix) .. 425 
2. pavoninus (Pete.) 426 
Subfam. CBOTOPHAGIN2B. 

41. Crotophaga, ZMMZ. ..... . 427 
1. major, Gm 428 
2. ari,X 429 
3. sulcirostris, Sw 432 
42. Guira, less 433 
1. guira (Gm.) 434 
INDEX. 

Fam. MusopiAGiDiE, 
Page 

1. Turaeus, Cuv 435 
1. leucotis (Rupp.).. 436 
2. persa (L.) 437 
3. buffoni(F.) 438 
4. schalowi, Reichen 439 
5. livingstoni, Gray .... 439 
6. reicbenowi (Fischer) .. 440 
7. corythaix (Wagl) 440 
8. schuetti (Cab.) 441 
9. rajcrorbynckus 
(Frase?*) 441 
10. meriani (Rupp,) 442 
11. fiscberi (Reichen.) 443 
12. erytbrolopbus (V.) .. 444 
13. leucolopbus, lleugl. . . 444 
14. bartlaubi (Fischer fy 
Reichen.) 445 
2. Gallirex, Less 446 
1. porphyreolophus (Vig.) 446 
2. chlorochlamys, Shelley 447 
3. Musopbaga, Isert 447 
1. violacea, Isert 448 
2. rossse, Gould 448 
4. Corythaeola, Heine 449 
1. cnstata(F.) 449 
5. Scbizorbis, Wagl 450 
1. ajricana (Zatk) 450 
2. zonura, Rupp 451 
3. leucogaster, Rupp 453 
4. concolor (Smith) 455 
6. Gymnoscbizorbis, Schalow 455 
1. personata (Rupp.) .... 455 
2, leopoldi, Shelley 426 
CATALOGUE 

OF 

BIRDS. 


Order PICARLE. 

(See vol. xvi. p. 1.) 

Suborder SCANSORES. 

(See vol. xviii. p. 1.) 

Family INDICATORID^E. 

(By G. E. SHELLEY.) 

Bill stout and Einch-like in the typical genus Indicator, the 
maxilla swollen laterally, with the culminal ridge well marked, the 
culmen and the genys meeting at the tip with a precisely similar 
curve; nostrils oval, exposed, with a narrow superior membrane. 
In Prodotiscus the bill is much more slender and pointed. 

Palate segithognathous. 
Tomer single, bifurcate. Manubrial process of the sternum 
pointed. 
Femoro-caudal and accessory semitendinosus muscles |>resent; 
ambiens and accessory femoro-caudal absent. 

Tail-feathers twelve (in Prodotisms ten). 

Pterylosis: ventral feather-tract forked on throat, but not on 
each side of breast. 
Oil-gland tufted. 
Caeca none. 
Ranging over the whole of the ^Ethiopian Eegion, re-occurring 

in the Himalayas, the mountains of the Malayan Peninsula and of 
Borneo. 

(Cf. Garrod. P. Z. $. 1878, pp. 930-935; S7iar<pe in Rowley's Orn. 
Misc. vol. i. pp. 192-209 ) 
VOL. XIX. B 

IND1CVT0EIDJ3. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Tail composed of twelve feathers; bill deeper 
than broad, and stout 1. INDICATOR, p. 2. 
h. 
Tail composed of ten feathers; bill broader 
than deep, and slender 2. PBODOTISCUS, p. 11. 
1. INDICATOR. 1Vpa 
Indicator, Vieill Analyse, p. 28 (1816) 1. indicator. 
Prodotes, Nitzscfi, Pterylographie, p. 131 (1840) I. indicator. 
Melignotkes,Cass. Troc. Ac. N.Sc. Fhilud, 1856, p. 150 I. conirostris. 
Melignostes, Heine, J.f. 0. 1860, p. 102 I. conirostris. 
Pseudofringilla, Hume, Str. F. i. p. 314 (1873) I. acfanthonotus. 
Pseudospiza (nom. emend.), Sharpe in Rowley's Orn. l 

Misc. i. p. 207 (1876) 
I. acantlionutua. 

Range. The whole of the ^Ethiopian Region, re-occurring in the 
Himalayas, the Malayan Peninsula, and Borneo. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Tail darker, none of the feathers having the 
basal half white. 
a'. With a large patch of bright orange-yellow 
on the lower back and upper tail-coverts .. xanthoiiotm, p. 3. 
b'. Lower back and upper tail-coverts uniform 
with the mantle arclripelagicus,^. 4. 

b. Tail paler, the basal half of the three outer 
pairs of feathers white, 
c'. With some white on the lower back and 
upper tail-coverts. 
a". Lower back and upper tail-coverts 
streaked with white; with no trace of 
yellow on the forehead or throat indicator, p. o. 

h". Lower back and upper tail-coverts with 
a large blotch of white ; w ith some yellow 
on the forehead and throat major, p. 6. 


d'. With no white on the lower back and upper 
tail-coverts, which are similar in colouring 
to the mantle. 


c". 
Throat spotted with white. 
a'". Breast buff, without spots. 
a1. Abdomen creamy white; under 
wing-coverls white variegatus, p. 7. 
b%. Abdomen and under wing-coverts 
shaded with bright yellow stictit7w)'ax, p. 8, 
b"r. Underparts darker, dusky ash-colour; 
abdomen spotted like the throat ... . macidatus, p. 9. 
d". Throat more uniform, not spotted with 
white. 
c'". Larger, wing about 3*5 inches. 

cl. Above duller; crown not washed 
with yellow; thigh-coverts with 
obscure dusky stripes minor, p. 9. 
1 . INDICATOR. 
rlK Above "brighter; crown washed with 
golden yellow like the back ; thigh-
coverts striped with black conirostris, p. 10, 

d'". Smaller, wing about 2*5 inches exilis,^. 11. 

1. Indicator xantiionotus. 
Indicator xanthonotus, Blyth, J. A. S. Benq. xi. p. 928 (1842), xii. 
p. 942, fig. G (1843), xiv. p. 198 (1S45); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 451 
(1847); Jerri. III. Ind. B. pi. 50 (1847) ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 100 
(1850); Cab. § Heine, Mus. Rein. iv. p. 5, note (1862) ; Gray, 
Hand-I. B. ii. p. 205, no. 8861 (1870); Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 10; 
Stoliczha, Str. F. i. p. 529 (1873); Sharps in Rozuky's Orn. Misc. 
i p. 205 (1870); id. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 795; Gould, B. Asia, vi. 
pi. 48 (1883). 
Indicator radeliffii, Hume, Ibis, 1872, p. 10. 
Pseudofringilla xanthonotus, Hume, Sir, F. i. p. 314 (1873). 
Pseudospiza xanthonota, Skarpe in Roivletfs Orn. Misc. i. p. 207 


(1876). 

Adult male. General plumage above black; forehead and fore 
part of crown, bright golden yellow; remainder of the crown, sides 
of the head, and sides and back of the neck washed with olive; 
feathers of the mantle and the wing-coverts partially edged with 
pale yellow, the quills with similar, but more indistinct margins; 
the inner webs of the innermost secondaries with broad white 
edges; middle of the back sulphur-yellow, shading into orange-
yellow down the centre of the lower back, a few of the centre tail-
coverts with partial yellow edges • tail black, with the small outer 
feather du&ky white; imderparts ashy grey, with a bright yellow 
patch extending over the lores and sides of the upper throat• remainder 
of the throat faintly washed with yellow; feathers of the 
breast mesiaUy blackish, giving a mottled appearance to these parts, 
the black almost covering the feathers of the flanks, abdomen, and 
under tail-coverts; under wing-coverts white, slightly mottled with 
black, and washed with buff at the edge of the wing ; under surface 
of the quills brown, with a partial pale margin on the inner webs. 
Total length 6*6 inches, culmen 0*35, wing 3*7, tail 2-7, tarsus 
0*55. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male, but slightly 
duller. Total length ^-o inches, culmen 0*35, wing 8-S tail 2*2, 
tarsus 0*5. 

Hab. Himalaya Mountains. 

a-d. tf; e,f. $ Native Sikhim, Oct., Dec, Feb., March, Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. April (L. Mandelli). 

g. Ad. sk. Sikhim. Hume Coll. 
Ji. Ad. sk. Kala Bagh, June. Hume Coll. 
B2 

iNDICATORIIUb. 

2. Indicator arcMpelagicus. 
indicator archipelagicus, 
Temm. PL Col. 543. fig. 2 (1832); id. Tabl. 
Metk p. 51 (1838); 8. Milll. Verhandel. Land-en Volkenk. p. 284 
(1839-44); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 451 (1847) ; Loiv, Sarawak, p. 411 
(1848)* Bp. Camp. i. p. 100 (1850) ; Cab. # Heine, Mus. Eein. iv. 

p. 4, note (1862)-Schleg. Mus. P.-B. i. Cuculi, p. 2 (1864) ; Gray, 
Hand4. B. ii. p. 5*03, no. 88G0 (1870); Ehves, P. Z. S. Ib73, 
p. (380; Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. v. p. 61 (1874); Sharpe in 
Rowlei/s Oni. Misc. i. p. 107 (1876) ; id. Ibis, 1677, p. 8; id. P. 
Z. 8. 1878, pp. 794, 795 ; id. Ibis, lb79, p. 244, lb90, p. 9* Everett, 
Jour. Straits Branch Ii. Asiat. Soc. 1889, p. 169. 
Indicator nialayanns, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1878, pp. 794,795. 


Adult male. General colour above ashy brown washed with olive, 
with yellowish edges to all the feathers of the back and wings, 
these edges inclining to yellowish buff on some of the feathers of 
the rump and upper tail-coverts, to which they give a streaked 
appearance; a broad yellow band on the shoulder formed by 
the inner lesser wing-coverts sulphur-yellow ; tail-feathers dark 
brown, partially edged with olive, the three outer pairs of feathers 
with a large white patch reaching entirely across the inner web, 
the three centre pairs with only partial pale inner margins; 
sides of the face and ear-coverts dingy ash-colour, with a very 
faint olive tinge; under surface of the body white, inclining to 
buff on the centre of the breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts, 
and rather strongly shaded with olive-shaded ash-colour on the 
lower throat and chest; feathers of the flanks and thigh-coverts 
with broad brown shaft-stripes ; under wing-coverts creamy white; 
quills brown, with whitish inner margins. Total length 6*3 inches, 
culmen 0-55, wing 3*8, tail 2*8, tarsus 0*55. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male : "upper mandible 
and tip of lower mandible horny brown; iris Indian red; legs 
leaden green " (A. Everett). Total length 5*7 inches, culmen 0*5, 
wing 3*6, tail 2*6, tarsus 0*5. 

Immature (type of J. malayanus). Similar to the adult, but differs 
in having the upper parts slightly more wrashed with yellow, with a 
mere trace of the yellow shoulder-spot; tail identical in colour; 
throat faintly striped * lower throat and chest less ashy and slightly 
washed with yellow. Total length 5*7 inches, culmen 0*55, wing 
3*9, tail 2*45, tarsus 0*55. 

Hah. Malayan Peninsula and Borneo. 

a. $ ad. sk. Klang, Salangore, March Hume Coll. 
(W. Davison). 
b. Ad. sk. Malacca. Purchased. (Type of 1. 
malayanus.) 
c. J ad. sk. Bintulii, Sarawak. A. H. Everett, Esq. [C.l 
d. e,f. Ad.sk. Trnsan, Sarawak, Jan.,Peb. A. H. Everett, Esq. [C.J. 
1 . INDICATOR. 
f) 
3. Indicator indicator. 
Ouculus 
indicator, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 418 (1788); Walden, Ibis, 
1869, p. 337. 
Indicator sparrmanni, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 138 (1815); Gray, Gen. 

B. ii. p. 451 (1847); Bp. Consp). Av. i. p. 100 (I860); Cab. # Eeine, 
Mus. Eein. iv. p. 6 (1862) ; Sold. Mus. Pays-Bas, i. Cuculi, p. 2 
(1864); Blanf. Geol $ Zool Abyss, p. 307; Finsch, Trans. Z. S. 
vii. p. 286 (1870); Gray, JBTand-L B. ii. p. 204, no. 8853; Eeugl. 
Orn. N.O.-Afr. ii. pp. 767, clx (1871); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 14 
(1871); Aniin. # Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. iv. p. 46 (1873); 
Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 368; Sharpe in Rowley's Orn. Misc. i. 
p. 201 (1876); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 135 (1877) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 
1878, p. 795 ; Ayres, Ibis, 1879, p. 296 ; Fisck # Reiehen. J. f. O. 
1879, p. 341; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 166, 810 (187584) 
; id. in Oates' Matabele-Land, p. 305 (1881); Eartl Abhandl. 
nat. Ver. Brem. viii. p. 209 (1882); Bohm, J.f.O. 1883, p. 165; 
Schaloio, t. c. p. 346; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2) i. p. 90 
(1884); Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 365; Bohm, J.f.O. 
1885, p. 57; Fischer, t. c. p. 124; Reiehen. J.f.O. 1887, pp. 59, 
309. 
Indicator albirostris, Temm. "PI. Col. 367 (1825); Less. Man. Orn. 
p. 125 (1828); id. Traite, p. 155 (1831) ; Temm. Tabl.Mm.-p.51 
(1838); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 451 (1847); Bes Murs in Lefebvre, 
Toy. Abyss, p. 139 (1849); Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 100 (1850); Eartl. 
J.f O. 1854, p. 201; Eeugl Syst. Uebers. p. 47 (1856) ; Eartl 
Orn. W.-Afr. p. 184 (1857); Eeugl J.f.O. 1863, p. 272, 1864, 
p. 265; Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 242 (1867); Bocaqe, Jorn. Lisb. 
1873, p. 197. 
Indicator 
levaillanti, Temm. PI. Col. 367, text to I. minor (1825); 
Leadbeater, Trans. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 90 (1833); Gray, Gen. B. ii. 

p. 451 (1847). 
Indicator leucotis, Stvains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 193 (1837). 
Indicator flaviseapiilatus, Rllpp. Neue Wirb., Vog. p. 60 (1835-40). 
Prodotes albirostris, Nitzsch, Pterylographie, p. 131 (1840). 
Indicator archipeligicus (nee Temm.), Rupp. Syst. Uebers. p. 96 
(1845). 
Indicator albicollis, Leadbeater,fide Bp. Consp. Av. p. 100 (1850). 
Indicator pallidirostris, Eeugl J. f 0.1864, p. 265 ; Gray, Eand-l B, 

ii. p. 205, no. 8858 (1870). 
Indicator sp., Sandeynan, Ibis, 1880, p. 286. 
Adult male. Above ashy brown, with a yellow band on the 
shoulder formed by some of the innermost of the least wing-coverts; 
remainder of the wing-coverts with broad whitish edges, the qnills 
with narrow pale edges ; some of the feathers of the rump and upper 
tail-coverts with broad white edges, but none of the feathers ever 
entirely white; centre pair of tail-feathers and the ends of the 
remainder dark brown, with the greater portion white, the white 
increasing in extent towards the outer ones ; chin and upper throat 
black; cheeks brownish black; ear-coverts brownish white; lower 
throat and cbesl brownish white, passing entirely into white on the 
centre of the body, abdomen, and under tail-coverts; flanks and 
thigh-coverts with narrow dark brown shaft-stripes; under wing-
coverts and inner edges of the quills white: " bill whitish; iris 

 INDICATOBIDiE. 

dark hazel; legs 1 ead-colour" (T. E. Buckley). Total length 7-9 
inches, oilmen 0#G, wing 4-5, tail 3-3, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Differs in plumage from the male in having no 
black on the upper throat, the chin, entire throat, and cheeks being 
whitish like the breast. Total length 7*1 inches, culm en 0*55, 
wing 4-2, tail 3-2, tarsus 0-65. 

Hah. The greater part of Tropical Africa, except the forest-
region of the West Coast. 

a, b. <$ J ad. sk. Seneganibia. Governor Eendall "P/. 
<?, d. c? ad.; e 
5 ad. sk. 
>/• Senegambia. Seebohm Coll. 
y. is ad. sk. 
7i. c?ad.; i,k 
ad. sk. 
. $ 
Casamance. 
Logos Land (Esler). 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
1 $ ad. sk. 
m. <$ ad. sk. 
Maragaz, July (W. Jesse). 
Limpopo R., Transvaal, 
Nov. (T. JE. Buckley). 
Tweeddale Cull. 
Shelley Coll. 
n, o. S ? ad. 
p. § ad. sk. 
sk. Holfontein, Transvaal [F. 
Oates).
Newcastle, Natal, Oct. (JE. 
A. Butler). 
"W. E. & C. G. Oates. 
Esqrs. rP.n . 
Shelley (?olL 
q. <S ad. sk. 
r. $ ad. sk. 
Iiingwilliamstovrn, May. 
Eland's Post, May (TJ C. 
Atmoi'e). 
Major Trevelyan "P.", 
Sharpe Coll. 
s. c? ad. sk. South Africa. Sir A. Smith. 
t S ado sk. South Africa. Shelley Coll. 

4. Indicator major. 
Le Grand Indicateur, male, Levaill. Ois. Afr. v. p. 135, pi. 241. fig. 1 
(180G) ; Sundev. Krii. Framst. om Levaill p. 50 (1857). 

Indicator 
major, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 139, pi. 27. fig. 1 (1815J; 
Vieill. 2\W. Bid. xvi. p. 153 (1817); Tieill. Enc. Meth. p. 13-30 
(1823) ; Less. Man. Orn. p. 125 (1828) ; id. Traite,?. loo (1831) : 
Temm. Tail Meth. p. 51 (1838); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 451 (1847); 
Bp. Consp. Ai\ I p. 100 (1850); BJartl Orn. W.-Afr. pp. 183, 
274 (1857); id. J. f. O. 18G1, p. 204; Cab. # Heine, Mas. JELeia. iv. 

p. 5, note (1802) {Gurnet/, Ibis, 1802, p. 33; Beuyl J.f.O. 1862, 
p. 33,-ScJil. Mvs. Pays-Bas, i. Cuculi, p. 1 (1804); Layard, B. S. 
Afr. p. 241; id. Ibis^ 1SG9, p. 373; Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 14 
(1871) ; Ileuc/l Orn. KO.-Afr. ii. pp. 770, clx (1872) ; Gumey in 
Anderss. B. Bamara-La?id, p. 224 (1872); Sharpe, P. Z. >$'. 1^73, 
p. 711 ; Bouvier, Cat, Ois.Marche §-c. p. 30 (1875); Sharpe in Lloicleifs 
Orn.Misc. i.p.204 (1870) ; Bocage, Orn. Angola,^. 1315 (lb77) ; 
Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 795 ; Garrul, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 930 ; Ay res, 
Ibis, 1879, p. 297; Sharpe, ed. Zayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 108, 810 
(1875-84) ; Fisch. Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 365; Bohm, J. f. O. 
1885, p. 57; Fisch t c. p. 124; JDuhoi*, Bull. Mies. Hist. Xat. Btlg. 
1880, p. 147 ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 43,1889, p. 350. 
Indicator levaillantii (nee Temm.), Leadb. Trans.Linn. JS'OC.XYI. p. 85 
(1829). 
i- 'VUA.'W>f { Indicator bupliagoides, Jktfd&.jk-£. p. 91. 
Indicatorflavicollis,Swains. B. W. Afr. ii p. 198 (1837), 

1. INDICATOR. 
Prodotes proditor, Nitwh, PterylograpMe, p. 131 (1840). 
Indicator proditor, Licht. Nomencl. Av. p. 78 (1850). 
Indicator archipelagicus (nee Temm.), Ileiujl Myst. Uebers. p. 47 


(1856). 

j-xcttyt. o.j. \J. xou-ij |j. <•>_>, louttj JJ. ^ut> , jjutsva, J. runs. /J. o. vii. 

p. 287(1870); «?. # #«;•#. ToV/. CU-4/r. p. 518 (1870); Gray, 
Hand-IB. ii. p. 205, no. 8857 (1870); Heugl Orn. N.O.-A/r. 
ii. p. 771 (1871); Sharpe in Rowley's Orn. Misc. i. p. 20*3, pi. upp. 
fig. (1876); id. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 795. 
Adult male. Similar to I. indicator, but with barely a trace of 
yellow on the wing, and further differing in having no pale margins 
to the wing-coverts, and some of the feathers of the rump and 
upper tail-coverts entirely white, forming a patch of uniform white; 
chin and upper throat black, with some yellow on the base of the 
feathers ; chest partially washed with yellow. Total length &8 
inches, culmen 0*55, wing 4*3, tail 3*2, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Differs in having the bill darker,- no trace of a 
yellow patch on the wing; the edges of the feathers of the erown, 
mantle, and wings washed with yellow • cheeks, ear-coverts, and 
sides of neck dark dusky brown • chin, throat, and fore part of chest 
washed with bright yellow : " bill black ; iris red; bare skin round 
the eyes leaden grey • feet dusky" (Emin Pasha). Total length 7*3 
inches, culmen 0*55, wing 4, tail 2*7, tarsus 0*65. 

Hah. The greater portion of Tropical Africa, excepting the forest-
region of the West Coast. 

a, b. Ad. sk.
c. Ad. sk.
d, e. Ad. sk.
/. 2 ad. sk. 
Senegambia. 
Casamance. 
Bejook, Bogos-Land (Ester). 
Wadelai, Equatorial Africa, 
Old Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Emin Pasha [P.]. 
a. £ imm. sk.
yk. Ad.sk.
Sept. 
Teita, E. Africa, Aug. 
Hornby (Wakefield). 
II. G. V. Hunter, 
Esq. [P.]. 
P. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
i, h, I, m. Ad. sk. Makalaka Country (BradShelley 
Coll. 
n. S ad. sk.
o. $ ad.sk.
p. Ad. sk.
q. Ad.hk.
shaid). 
Rustenberg, Jan. (W.Lucas). 
Limpopo River, Aug. (W.
Lucas), 
Cape Colony (Butler). 
South Africa. , 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

5. Indicator variegatus. 
Grand Indicateur, femelle, Lemill. Ois. Afr. v. p. 104, pi. 241. fig. 2, $; 
Simdev. Krit. Framst. om Lemill. p. 50 (1857). 
Indicator maior, 2, SFeph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 139, pi. 27. fig. 2; Guer. 
Icon. Megne An., Ois. pi. 32. %. 2 (1829-38). 
Indicator variegatus, Less. Traite, p. 155 (1831); Gray, Gen. B. ii. 

p. 451 (1847); Pitcher. Bev. et Mag. Zool 1853, p. 71; Grill, Zool 
 INDICATORTDiE. 

Anteckn. p. 43 (1857); Cab. § Heine, Mm. Rein. iv. p. 6 (1862;; 
Sell Mm. Pays-Bas, i. Ouculi, p. 2 (1864); Zmjard, B. S. Afr. 

p. 242 (1867) ; Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 204, no. 8854; Ifeugl. Orn. 
N.O.-Afr. ii. p. 773, note (1871); Sliarpe, in Rowley's Orn. Misc. i. 
p. 190 (1876) ; id. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 795 ; id. ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. 
pp. 167, 810 (1875-84) ; Fisch. & Beichen. J. f. 6. 1879, p. 342 ; 
Fisch. J. f. 0. 1885, p. 124; Biittik. Notes "Beyden Mus. 1885, 
p. 249. 
Indicator maculicollis, Simdev. (Efv. K. Vet,~Ah Fork. 1850, p. 109. 
Indicator levaillantii (nee Temm.), Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 100 (1850). 
Adult male, Porehead and anterior half of crown mottled, the 
centres of the feathers heing black, their sides buff, and the tip 
olive; nape and back of neck ashy olive; back and wings brown, 
the feathers generally rather broadly edged with olive-yellow, and 
with narrower partial buff edges to some of the wing- and tail-
coverts ; tail similarly marked with black and white as in /. indicator, 
but the dark centre feathers narrowly edged with olive-
yellow ; sides of the head ashy grey, slightly streaked with white ; 
chin and upper throat white, with dusky grey shafts ; lower 
tbroat and fore part of chest dusky grey, with broad buff margins' 
to the feathers, giving a spotted appearance ; remainder of the 
breast buff, fading almost into white on the under tail-coverts : 
feathers of the sides of body, thigh-coverts, and under tail-covcrts 
with rather broad dusky shaft-stripes; under wing-coverts white, 
partially mottled with dusky near the edge of the wing; under 
surface of the quills brown, with whitish inner edges : " upper 
mandible horny brown, lower one pale; iris greyish brown" 
(Fischer). Total length 7*3 inches, culmen 0*55, wing 4*5, tail 3J4, 
tarsus 0-7. 

Hah. South Africa? extending into East Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. South Afiica. 
Sliarpe Coll. 
b. $ ad.sk. Knysna, Jan. (C.J.Anderssmi). Sliarpe Coll. 
c. Ad.sk. George (T. C.Atmore). Sliarpe Coll. 
d\ <$ ad. sk. Beaufort (T. C. Atmore). Shelley ColL 
e. Ad. sk. Usunibara mils, Pangani River Shelley ColL 
(Sir J. Kirk). 
f. Ad. sk. Mombasa (Wakefield). R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 
Subsp. a. Indicator stictithorax. 
Indicator stictithorax, Beichen. J.f.O. 1877, p. 110, no. 3. 
Indicator variegatus, Beichen. J.f O. 1875. p. 6; Shelley, P. Z. S. 
1881, p. 593. 

Adult female. Differs from / . variegatus in being brighter, the 
yellowish-olive edges to the feathers of the back and wings broader 
and brighter, and the breast slightly yellower: " bill black; iris 
hazel; feet plumbeous " (Schluss). Total length 7 inches, culmen 
0-55, wing 4, tail 2*7, tarsus 0*65. 


Hah. Cameroons, "West Africa. 

a. 
2 ad. sk. Cameroon Mountains, 7000 H. H. Johnston, Esq. [P.]. 
feet, 
1. INBICATOE. 
6. Indicator maculatus. 
Indicator sparrmanni (nee Steph), Leadbeater, Trans. Linn. Soc. xvi. 
p. 91 (1833). 
Indicator 
maculatus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 451, pi. 113 (1847) ; Bp. 
Consp. Av. i. p. 100 (1850); Cats. Proc. Ac. N. 8c. Philad. 1859, 

p. 142 ; Seine, J.f.O. I860, p. 192; Sfiarpe in Roivlei/s Orn. 
Misc. i. p. 200 (1876); id. P. Z. S.1878, p. 795 • Socage. Jorn. Lisb. 
1880, p. 54 ; id. Orn. Angola, p. 542 (1881). 
Indicator major (juv.), HartL Orn. W.-Afr. p. 183 (1857). 

Adult male. Similar to I. varlegatus in the colouring of the back, 
wings, and tail, but differing in the upper half and sides of the head 
being dusky blackish; chin, throat, and body dusky brown, with 
subterminal twin-spots of yellowish white on each feather; under 
tail-coverts white, with elongated dusky shaft-spots. Total length 
6-6 inches, culmen 0-5, wing 4, tail 2*8, tarsus 0-7. 

Adult female. " Similar in plumage to the male " (Gassin). 
Hab. West Africa, from Senegambia to Gaboon. 


a. Ad. sk. River Gambia. F. Campbell, Esq. [?.]. 
7. Indicator minor. 
Le Petit Indicateur, Levaill. Ois. Afr. v. p. 137, pi. 242 (1806) ; 
Sundev. Krit. om Levaill. p. 50 (1857). 

Indicator minor, Stepft. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 140 (1815); Vieill. Nouv. 
Diet x\i. p. 155 (1817); Bonn, et Vieill. Fnc. Metli. p. 1351 
(1823) ; Lets. Man. Orn. p. 125 (1828); id. Traite, p. 155, pi. 22. 
rig. 1 (1831); Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 190 (1837); Rupp. Neue 
Wirb., Vocj. p. 61 (1835-40) ; Temm. TaM. Meth. p. 51 (1838) ; 
Rupp. Syst. Uebers. p. 96 (1845) ; Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 451 (1847) ; 
Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 100 (1850); Ilniyl. Syst. Uebers. p. 48 (1856); 
HartL Orn. W.-Afr. p. 184 (1857); Grill, Zool. Antechi. p. 43 
(1857); Gumey, Ibis, 1859, p. 247, 1860, p. 205 ; HartL J. f. O. 
1861, p. 264; Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hein. iv. p. 3 (1862) ; llenyl. 

J.f. 0.1862, p. 33, 1864, p. 267 ; Kirk, Ibis, 1864, p. 327 ; 8c)d. 
Mas. Pays-Bus, i. Cuculi, p. 2 (1864) ; Layard, B. 8. Afr. p. 243 
(1867) ; Finsch # HartL Vog. Ost-Afr. p. 515 (1870) ; Pbisch, Tr. 
Z.8. vii. p. 287 (1870) ; Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. ii. p. 771 (1871); 
Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 14 (1871); Gtimey in Anderss. B. Damara-
Land, p. 223 (1872); 8harpe in Roivleifs Orn. Misc. i. p. 194 
(1876) ; id. ed. LayanTs B. 8. Afr. pp. 169,811 (1876-84) ; Bocage, 
Om. Angola, p. 137 (1877) ; Cab. J. f. O. 1878, p. 237 ; Sharpe, 
P.Z.S. 1878, p. 795; Fisch. # Reichen. J. f O. 1879, p. 341; 
HartL Abhandl. nat. Ver. Brem. viii. p. 209 (1882) ; Fisch. J.f.O. 
1885, p. 124; Dubois, Bull. Mm. Bog. Hist. Nat. Belg. iv. p. 147 
(1886); Oust. Bibl. Hautes Etudes, xxxi. Revoil, p. 3 (1886). 
Indicator buphagoides, Leadbeater, Trans. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 85 (1829). 
Indicator minimus, Temm. PL Col. 542. fig*. 1 (1822). 
Indicator diadematus, Rupp. Neue Wirb. p. 61 (1837). 
Indicator apivorus, Krebs, Mus. BeroL,fideLicht. Nomencl. Av. p. 78 


(1854). 

Melignothes 
pachyrhynchus, HeugL J. f O. 1864, p. 266; id. Orn. 
N.O.-Afr.ii p. 773 (1871); Finsch § HartL Vog. Ost-Afr. p. 517, 
note (1870) ; Sharpe in Rowley's Orn. Misc. i, p. 197, note (1876). 

10 
INDICATOTtTPJE. 

Adult male. Upper half ot the head and back of neck ash} brown, 
with a Plight yellow wash and a broad white band from the nostril 
to the check ; back and wings brown, washed with deep yellow on 
the edges of the feathers; tail with the four centre feathers blackish 
brown, narrowly edged along their outer sides with olive-yellow : 
remaining tail-feathers white, with broad dark-brown ends; underparts 
ashy, fading into white on the chin, centre of abdomen, and 
under tail-coverts, and a broad dusky band below the cheeks and 
ear-coverts; thigli-eoverts with broad, somewhat obscure, dusky 
shaft-stripes ; under wing-coverts and inner edges of the quills 
whitish: "iris brown; bill—upper mandible black, lower one 
brown, flesh-colour at base ; legs dull olive 1J (T. L. Ay res). Total 
length 6 inches, culm en 0*4, wing 3*5, tail 2-5, tarsus 0*6. 

Adidt female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 5*1 
inches, culmen 2*4, wing 8*4, tail 2*5, tarsus 0*6. 
Ilab. The greater part of Tropical Africa, except the forest-region 
of the West Coast. 

a, b. Ad. sk Cape Colony. Shelley Coll. 

c. <S ad. sk. Eland's Post (T. C. Atmore). Sharpe Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Xingwilliamstown(Trerehjan). II. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.]. 
e,f, g. Ad.sk. Natal. Seebohm Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Durban (Gordge). Shelley Coll. 
I Ad. sk. Pinetown, Oct. (T. L. Ayres). Shelley Coll. 
h. 
<$ ad.; I, m. Swazi-Land (T. JE. Buckley). Shellev Coll. 
$ad. sk. 
w, o,p. 3 ad.sk. Otjirobinqiie, Daniara-Land, Sharpe Coll. 
Oct. (C. J. Andersson). 

q. Ad. sk. Near Bagamoyo. Emin Pasha [P.]. 
?: 3 ad. sk. Waliko, Bogos Land 
(W. Tweeddale Collf 
Jesse). 

8. Indicator conirostris. 
Melignothes conirostris, Cass. Proc. Ac. K. Sc. PMlad. 18*50, p. 150, 
1859, pi. ii.: Hartl. If. 0.1861, p. 264. 
Indicator conirostris, Hartl. Orn. W.-Afi: p. 184 (1857); Cab. $• 
Seine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 4, note (1862); Gray, Hand-L B. ii. 

p. 205, no. 8859 (1870) ; Botmer, Cat. Ois. Marche $c. p. 30 
(1875); Sharpe in Bowleijs Orn. Misc. i. p. 196 (1876): id. 
P. Z. S 1878, pp. 793, 795. 
Indicator 
occidentalism Fen: in Hartl Orn. W.-Afi: p. 185, note 
(18o7). 

Adidt. Similar in plumage to J. minor, but differing in the upper 
parts being brighter, the ground-colour of all the feathers being nearly 
black, with broader and brighter yellow edges not only to the 
feathers of the back and wings, but also of the crown and hind 
neck ; lores and chin mottled with black ; thigh-coverts with broad 
black shaft-stripes. Total length 6 inches, culmen 0*4, wing 3*0, 
tail 2-5, tarsus 0*65. 

Hah. West Africa, from the Gold Coast to Gaboon. 

a. Ad. sk. Gold Coast (Avbimi). Shellev Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Fantee (II. T. Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
2. PRODOTISCUS. 
11 

9. Indicator exilis. 
Melignothes exilis, Cass. Proc. Ac. W. Sc. PHlad. 1856, p. 157 18;;9 
p. 142, pi. i. tig. 1 ; Hartl J.f. 0. 1861, p. 264. 
Indicator exilis, Marti. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 185 (1857); Cab. $ Heine 
Mas. Hein. iv. p. 4, note (1862) j Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 205* 
uo. 8S&2 (1870); Sliarpe in Rowley's Orn. Misc. i. p. 198 (1876); 
id. # Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool France, i. p. 51 (1876); 8/iarpe 

P. Z. S. 1878, pp. 794, 795 ; Bocar/e, Orn. Angola, p. 542 (1881).' 
Melignostes exilib, Heine, J. f. 0. i860, p. 192. 
Adult female. Similar to /. minor, but much smaller; crown and 

chin slightly mottled with darker centres to the feathers ; the while 

patch near the nostril scarcely so distinct; the dark shaft-stripes 

on the thigh-coverts more distinct. Total length 4*3 inches, culmen 

0*3, wing 2*75, tail 1*7, tarsus 0-4. 

Hub. West Africa, from G-aboon to the Congo. 

a. Ad. sk. Gamma River. P. B. DuChaillu fO.]. 
b. $ ad. sk. Landana, Congo, March (Petit). Shelley Coll. 
2. PEOBOTISCUS. 
Type. 
Prodotiscus, Simdev. (Efoers. Vet.-Ak. Fork. 1850, p. 109. P. regulus. 
Hetosrodes, Cass. Proc. Ac. N. 8c. PJdlad. 1856,p. 157... P. insignis. 

Range. Confined to Africa. 

Key to the ^ecies. 

a. Brown, with no olive or yellow shade; with only a 
portion of the outer tail-leathers white regulus, p. 11. 
/;. More olive; cjuillb and upper tail-coverts edged with 
bright yellow; three outer pahs of tail-feathers entirely 
white insignis, p. 12. 

1. Prodotiscus regulus. 
Prodotiscus regulus, 
Swidev. (Efvers. Vet.-Ah. Forh. 1850, p. 109; 
Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 186 (1857) ; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. 

p. 5, note (1862);' Shai-pe in Rowley's Orn. Misc. i. p. 208, pi. 
lower figure (1876J ; id. ed. Bayard's B. 8. Afr. pp. 171, 811 
(1875-84); Bocage', Jorn. Lisb. 1880, p. 535; id. Orn. Angola, 
p. 542 (1881). 
indicator regulus, Licld. Nomencl Av. p. 78 (1854); Gray, Hand-l 
B. ii. p. 205, no. 8863 (1870). 
Adult female. General plumage above uniform brown; tail 
blackish brown, with a large basal portion of the outer three 
feathers on each side white; underparts white, strongly washed 
with pale brown on the throat and flanks; under wing-coverts 
white, slightly washed with brown; under surface of the quills 

INDICATOEID^. 

brown, with, white inner margins• bill and feet blackish. Total 
length 4*8 inches, culmen 045, wing 3, tail 2*25, tarsus 0*45. 

Ilab. Natal. 
a. Ad. sk. Natal. Purchased. 
b. J ad. sk. Natal, Aug. ( Wahlherg) Skarpe Coll. 

2. Prodotiscus insignis. 
Hetserodes 
insignis, Cass. Proc. Ac. M. Sc. Philad. 1856, p. 157, 
1859, p. 142, pi. i. fig. 2; Heine, J.f. 0. I860, p. 192. 
Indicator insignis, Hartl.Om. W.-Afi: p. 185 (1857); Gray, Hand-L 

B. ii. p. 205, no. 8864. 
Prodotiscus insignis, Cab. § Heine, Mm. Hem. iv. p. 5, note (1S02) ; 
Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. ii. p. 774, note (1871)" Sharpe in Poirfetfs 
Orn. Misc. i. p. 208 (1876). 

Indicator eniini, Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 43, pi. iii. 

Adult male. Upper parts dusky brown, very slightly shaded with 
olive on the crown and back of the neck, slightly more so with deep 
yellow on the back and scapulars, increasing in the amount of 
yellow on the rump, where the feathers show white ends; wings 
dark brown, the coverts shading into olive-yellow on their edges, 
the quills edged with deep yellow ; four centre tail-feathers entirely 
brown, the remaining six white, with the base only of the next pair 
to the four centre feathers brown ; underparts, including the under 
tail-coverts, ashy brown, fading into white on the centre and sides of 
the abdomen behind the thighs. Total length 4*6 inches, culmen 
0-3, wing 2-6, tail 2*1, tarsus 0*5. 

Hab. Gaboon to Equatorial Africa. 

a. cS ad. sk. Bellima, Equatorial Africa, June. Emin Pasha [P.]. 
(Type of I. emini.) 
CAPlTONlDiE. 

13 

Family CAPITONIDJS. 

(By 0. E. SHELLEY.) 

Palate sometimes aegilhognathous, sometimes desmognathous. 
Vomer single, bifid. ITanubrial process of the sternum pointed. 
Eemoro-caudal and accessory semitendinosus muscles present; 

ambiens and accessory femoro-eaudal absent. 
Tail-feathers ten. 
Pterylosis : ventral feather-tract forked on the throat and on 


each side of the breast. 
Oil-gland tufted. 
Caeca none. 
Ranging over the whole of the ^Ethiopian Region, the Indian 

and Indo-Chinese Begions, and the Indo-Malayan Subregion. The 
Neotropical Eegion in the New World. 

Although the limits of this family appear to be well defined, the 
characters used for the separation of genera are by no means easy to 
distinguish, and in any case they are difficult to formulate. The 
Qapitonidce appear to me to constitute a family of Picarian birds 
in which no single character for the separation of genera can bo 
considered to be absolute, and even style of coloration is of no avail 
as a generic character. As a rule the plumage is gaudy and the 
contrasts striking; but there are some genera, such as CalorhcmiplMS 
and Gymnobucco, which it would be difficult to match for dullness of 
coloration. Scarcely one of the genera admitted here is so well 
defined that it does not form a link towards some other genus, and 
Pocjono?Jiynchas and its allies may well be considered as subgenera 
belonging to one leading type, of which the toothed bill is the most 
prominent feature. The same may be said of Barbatula and 
SmilorJiis, and Megalcema and Cyanojps. 

Key to the Genera. 

A. 
Tip of lower mandible fitting into the tip of 
upper mandible. 
a. Edge of upper mandible distinctly 
* toothed *. 
a'. Chin-angle hidden by a double tuft of 
dense bristly plumes; upper mandible 
sulcated. 


a". Lower mandible deeply sulcated, [p. 15. 
the base hidden by dense bristles .. 1. POGONORHYNCHUS, 

b". Base of lower mandible perfectly 
smooth, the bristles not so dense as [p. 16. 
to conceal the base 2. ERXTHBOBTJCCO, 

* TrichoUema qffinis and 21 meUmocejphala are exceptions in a way, the tooth 
being scarcely distinguishable and nearly obsolete. 
CAPITONID^. 

//. Chin-angle beset with scattered bristles 
not so dense as to conceal it. 


d'. Breast-feathers not having produced 
hair-like shafts; plumage varied [p. 1". 
but not yellows-spotted ,3. MELANOBUCCO, 

d". Breast-feathers with well-marked 
hair-like shafts *; nluinage spotted 
with yellow, and quills edged with [p. 28. 
yellow 4. TElCHOL^lMAj 

h. 
Edge of the upper mandible entire, never 
toothed. 
c'. Culrnen dibtinctly ridged at base, sometimes 
forming a distinct crest, elevated 
and sharply defined. 


e". Terminal half of bill pointed and 
wedge-shaped; chin-angle rounded 
and more or less beset with bristle*. 


a'". Head bare, the nostrils and ear-
orifice exposed; writh a tuft of 
bristly plumes about the nostril [l3* ^ 
or on the chin o. GIMNOBUCCO, 

b'". Ear-orifice covered with feathers; 
crown always feathered. 
aK Nostrils surmounted by a tuft of 
dense erect bristles 6. HELIOBUCCO, p. 30. 

bK Nostrils visible, with a few overhanging 
bristles, but not concealed 
by bristly tufts. 


a5, With a bare space round the 
eye; nasal aperture rounded 
and evident. 

aQ. Wing rather pointed, the 
primaries exceeding the 
secondaries by more than 
the length of the culm en; 
on the latter a wTellmarked 
crest 7. SMILORHIS, p. 36. 

hu. Wings more rounded; the 
secondaries nearly equal 
to the primaries, the difference 
between them not 
so great as the length of 
the culrnen ; the latter 
not definitely crested 8. BARBATULA, p. 38. 

h'\ With no bare space round the 
eye; the nasal aperture con- [p. 48. 
cealed 9. STACTOL^MA, 

f". Bill strongly curved ; chin-angle [p. 40. 
acute ; no bristles on the chin 10. CALORHAMPHUS, 
d\ Culrnen rounded at base and along its 
entire length ; no culminal ridge. 

//". 
Sexes alike; tail square or gradually 
rounded, the outer feathers not 
much shorter than the others. 


* In some species this character is extraordinarily developed; in young birds 
it is almost always obsolete. The name is badly chosen, as it is not the throat 
but the breast which has the hairy feathering. 
1. POGOXORHYNCHUS. 
r"'. NostriL completely hidden by-
feathers; tail long, extending 
beyond wing* by more than 
length of tarsus .". 11. ME GAMMA, p. o2. 

d'". Nostrils rounded and exposed, 
never hidden by bristles. 
oi. Culmen longer than tarsus 12. CHOTOKHEA, p. 55. 
dK Culmen not exceeding tarsus in 
length. 

c5. Bill pointed, acute, the culmen 
far exceeding in length 
the breadth of bill at gape. 

c'. Rictal bristles moderate, 
not reaching to end of 
bill 13. CYANOPS, p. 61. 

d". Ilietal bristles produced far 
beyond tip of bill. 14. MESOBUCCO, p. 85. 

cT°. Bill obtuse and short, culmen 
about equal to breadth of [p. 88. 
gape ,., 15. XANTHOUEMA, 

ti\ Sexes alike; tail very strongly 
graduated, the outer feathers falling 
short of the inner ones by as much 
as the length of the tarsus or even 
more. 

e'". Base of culmen hidden by tufts of 
bristles, which overhang two-
thirds of the culmen; centre 
tail-feathers produced and 
pointed 16. PSILOPOUON, p. 08. 

f". Base of culmen exposed; centre [p- 09. 
tail-feathers square 17. T&ACHYPHONUS, 

i". Sexes markedly different: outer tail-
feather much shorter than the centre 
ones 18. OAPITO, p. 107. 

Tip of under mandible truncated and 
widened out beyond the edge of the upper [p. 120. 
mandible 19. TETBAGONOPS, 

1. P0Q0H0RHYHCHU8. Type# 
Pngonias, III Prodromw, p. 302 (1811) ; P. dubius. 
Pogonorhynchus, Van der Hoeven, Handb. ii. p. 461 

(1883)
Laimodon, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 69 (1841)
Pogonorhamphus,Des Murs in Cheniis Emycl.
Ois. ii. p. 14 (1854) 
^ Hist.Nat} 
P. dubius. 
P. dubius. 
P. dubius. 
Range. Confined to Africa. 

1. Pogonorkynelms dubius. 
Le Barbican, Buff. Hist. Ois. vii. p. 182 (1780); Levaill. Ois. de 

Paradis, Barbies, ii. p. 53, pi. 19 (1806). 
Le Barbican des cotes de Barbarie, Baubent. PL Enl. viii. p. 602. 
Doubtful Barbet, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. % p. 506 (1783). 
Bucco dubius, Gm. Syst. Nat p. 409 (1788). 

0AP1TONIDJE. 

Pogonias dubius, Illiger, Prodr. p. 202 (1811); Bonap. Consp. Av. 

p. 145 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Hartl. Orn. 
W.-Afr. p. 167 (1857) ; Verr. P. Z. S.1859, p. 304; Bocage, Jom. 
Lisb. 1. p. 143 (1807). 
Pogonias sulcirostris, Leach, ZooL Misc. ii. p. 46, pi. 76 (1815); 
Wagl Syst.Av. Pogonias, sp. 1, p. 164 (1827)- Swains. B. W. 
Afr. ii. p. 166 (1837). 

Pogonia erythromelas, 
Vieill. N. Diet. d'Sist. Nat. iii. p. 236 (1816); 
id. *Gal. Ois. i. p. 18, pi. 32 (1825). 
Pogonias major, Cuv. Regne An. i. p. 428 (1817) • Less. Traite, 

p. 159 (1831). 
Pogonorhynchus dubius, Tan der Hoeuen, Handb. ii. p. 401 (1835) ; 
Goffin, %Mus. Pai/s-Bas, JBuccones, p. 1 (1863); Gray, List Capit. 
inBrit.Mus. p/ l (1868); Heuql Orn. NO.-Afr. ii. pp. 752, 
clviii (1871) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. i'i. p. 172, no. 8418 (1870); Marshall, 
Mm. Capit. p. 7, pi. 4 (1871) ; Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 15 
(lb71); Bouvier, Cat. Ois. Mar die §c. p. 29 (1875;; Oust. Nouv. 
Arch. Mus. (2) ii. Bull. p. 150 (1879). 

Laimodon dubius, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 428 (1846). 
Pogonorkauiphus dubius, Des Murs in Clients Encycl. dflfist Nat., 
Q/s.ii.pp. 14,15 (1855). 

Adult. Above glossy purplish, black; centre of lower back white, 
forming a conspicuous patch; wings and tail like the back, the 
quills blackish, externally glossy purplish black ; the greater coverts 
washed with dark crimson near the base of the outer web ; crown 
of head like the back; lores and feathers below the eye black, with 
crimson tips; ear-coverts and cheeks crimson, separated by a black 
line, which commences below the eye; throat and fore neck crimson, 
followed by a broad black band across the breast; centre of breast 
and abdomen scarlet, slightly varied with yellow tips to the feathers• 
sides of scarlet abdomen, as well as a large patch on the sides of the 
body white, washed with pale yellow ; flanks, thighs, and under 
tail-coverts glossy purplish black : under wing-coverts ashy white, 
with those round the edge of the wing black; quills ashy below, 
yellowish white along the inner web. Total length 9-5 inches, 
culmen 1*45, wing 4*5, tail 3-3, tarsus 1*1. 

A specimen in my collection, probably an adult female, has the 
white patch on the sides of the body spotted with black. 
Hah. West Africa, from Senegambia to the River Niger. 

a. Ad. sk.
b, c. Ad. sk. 
River Gambia. 
Bathurst, RiverMoloney). 
Gambia (Sir A. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
d-f. Ad. sk.
g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk. 
Hiver Gambia. 
Senegambia (L. Laglaize). 
River Niger (Dr. Baikie). 
Skarpe Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

2. EBYTHE0BTJCC0. 
Type. 
Erythrobucco, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 475 E. rolleti. 

Range. North-east Africa. 

3 . MELANOBUCCO. 
1. Erythxobucco rolleti. 
Pogonias 
rolleti, Defilippi, Bev. Zool 1853, p. 290; Bp. Consp. Vol. 
Zyg. p. 12 (1854) ; Hartl Orn. W.-Afr. p. 109 (1857); Verr. P. 

Z. S. 1859, p. 394 ; Ileugh J.f.O. 1863, p. 270 ; Antin. Cat. descr. 
Ucc. p. 80 (1864) j Hartl. Abh. nat. Ver. Bremen, Bd. vii. p. 112 
(1881). r 
Pogonorhynchus rolleti, 
Heugl. Ibis, 1861, pp. 123, 125, pi. 5. fig. 1; 
Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 2 (1863); Salvad. Atti B. 
Accacl Sci. Torino, iii. p. 280 (18(58); Gray, List Capit Brit. 
Mus. p. 2 (1868) ; id. HaivM. B. ii. p. 172, no. 8419 (1870); 
Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp. 750, clviii, pi. 27. fig. 1 (1870) ; Marshall, 
Man. Capit. p. 9, pi. 5 (1871); Pelz. Site, zool-bot Wien, 

xxxi. p. 615 (1881); Hartl. Abh. nat. Ver. Bremen, viii. p. 209 
(1883) ; Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool xvii. p. 431 (1884), 
Erythrobueco rolleti, Shelley; Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult male *. Similar to Pogonorhynchus duhius, but having the 
whole of the throat and breast black; only a slight tinge of crimson 
on the greater wing-coverts, this being absent in some specimens : 
" bill horny white, pale leaden at base; bare orbital skin violet-
blue ; feet dusky ; iris umber-brown " (Heuglin). Total length 9*5 
inches, culmen 1*5, wing 4*4, tail 3-3, tarsus T05. 

Bab. KE . Africa. 
a. Ad. sk. N.E. Africa. Purchased. 
b.
c.
d. 
<$ ad. sk. 
S ad. sk. 
cS ad. sk. 
Kiri, Equatorial Africa, Oct. 22 {EmmPasha). 
Faradjok, Sept. (JEJmin Pasha). 
Kutsckugali, Niam-Niain Country, Sept. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
F. BohndorfL 

3. MELANOBUCCO. 
Type. 
Melanobucco, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476 M. bidentatus 
Range. Confined to Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Bill pale, not black. 
a'. Abdomen crimson • under tail-coverts black. 
a". A scarlet band across the wing bidentatus, p. 18. 
b". A rosy band across the wing cBquatorialis, p. 19. 

b'. 
Abdomen and under tail-coverts white; 
throat red , melanopterus, p. 19. 
c\ Abdomen orange-red; under tail-coverts 
white ; throat white levaillanti, p. 20. 

b. 
Bill black or nearly so. 
d'. Entire head and neck white. 
c'\ Abdomen brown; wing-coverts tipped 
with white. 
a'". Tail brown leucocephalus, p. 21. 

* Count Salvadori has drawn attention to the difference in the colour of the 
flanks which exists in a series of this species and also in the red-breasted section 
of the genus Melanobucco, and suggests that the black-spotted individuals are 
the females. This proposition seems to me to be highly probable. 
VOL. XIX. 
Q 

CAPIT0JSTID2E, 

,,,. m „ ,., ) albicauda, p. 21. 
6'". Tail white j . |g 
J". Abdomen white; no while on median l

 v ? ^' 
and greater wing-coverts leacogaster, p. 22. 
e'. Throat and fore part of crown red. 
e". Back and abdomen black abyssinieus, p. 22. 
/''. Back and abdomen not black. 
c'". With a black collar. 
a1. Larger; freckling on the back and 
wing-coverts very indistinct torquatus, p. 24. 

61. Smaller; freckling on the back and 
wing-coverts more coarsely indicated, wroratus, p. 25. 
d"'. With no black collar vieilloti, p. 26. 

f. No red on the throat; forehead red undatus, p. 27. 
1. Melanobncco Mdentatus. 
Bucco bidentatus, Shaw, Nat. Hist. Miscell x. pi. 393 (1798); Hartl. 
J.f. 0.1861, p. 262. 
Le Barbican unibec, Levaill. Barbus, Suppl.^l. 48. fig. K (1806). 
Pogonias laevirostris, Leach, Zoo I. Miscell. ii. p. 47, pi. 77 (1815); 
Wagl Syst. Av. Pogonias, p. 164 (1827) j Cuv. Regne An. p. 457, 

note (1829). 
Bucco leuconotus, Vieill N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. iii. p. 242 (1816). 
Laimodon bidentatus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 426 (1846). 
Pogonias bidentatus, Bonap. Consp. Av. i. p. 145 (1850); Hartl. 

Orn. W.-Afr. p. 170 (1857); Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 394: Gumey, 
Ibis, 1859, p. 153; Bocage,Joni. Lisb. i. p. 143 (1&68), ii. p. 348 
(1870). 

Pogonorhynchus bidentatus, 
Goffin, Mus, Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 3 
(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 2 (1868) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 
1869, p. 193; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 172, no. 8420 (1870); Marshall, 
Mon. Capit. p. 11, pi. 6 (1870); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 15 
(1871) j Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 54; Bouvier, Cat. Ois. Marche fyc. 

p. 29 {1875);Beichen. J.f. 0. 1877, p. 18; Bouvier, Bull Soc. 
Zool France, ii. p. 77 (1877); Oust Nouv. Arch. Mus. (2) ii. p, 63 
(1879); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 105 (1881); Souza, Jorn. Lisb. 
1887, p. 218. 
Laimodon Igevirostris, Hupp, Syst Uebers. p. 95 (1845) ; Heuyl. Syst. 
Uebers. p. 47 (1856). 
? Pogonorhynchus bidentatus, Heugl. Ibis, 1861, p. 123; id. Orn, 
iV.0.-4/r.pp; 753, clviii (1870). 
Melanobucco bidentatus, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult Black and red, like Pogonorhynchus dubius, with a white 
patch on the back, but distinguished by the absence of the black 
band across the breast, the whole of the throat, breast, and abdomen 
being crimson, the latter somewhat inclining to scarlet; the 
crown is also washed with dark crimson, and there is a band across 
the wing formed by the scarlet tips to the greater coverts; the 
black bristles on the chin are not nearly so developed, and there 
are no sulcations on the lower mandible: "iris dark chestnut77 

(J. 8ouza). Total length 9 inches, cnlmen 1*2, wing 3*8, tail 2*91, 
tarsus 
1*05. 
Hah. West Africa, from Gold Coast to Angola. 

a, b. Ad. sk. West Africa. 
Purchased. 

c. Ad. sk. Sierra Leone. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
3 . MELANOBUCCO. 
19 

d, e. Ad. et juv. sk. Fantee (H. T. Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Gold Coast (A. Sioanzy). Shelley Coll. 

g. Ad. sk. Abrobonko, Fantee, Jan. (6s. Shelley Coll. 
h, i. Ad. sk. Accra. 
Sharpe Coll. 

2. Helanobucco sequatorialis. (Plate I.) 
? Pogonorhynchus dubius, Sharpefy Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool, France, 
i. p. 311 (1876) j Socage, Orn. Angola, App. p. 538 (1881). 
Pogonias bidentatus (nee Shaw), Hartl. Abhandl not. Ver. Bremen, 
vii. p. 112 (1881). 
Pogonorhynchus bidentatus {nee Shaw), Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, 
Zool. xvii. p. 432 (1884) ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 41. 
Melanobucco sequatorialis, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 
Adult male. Similar to M. bidentatus, but easily distinguished by 
the rosy instead of scarlet baud on the wing: " bill horny white; 
naked skin round the eye sulphur-yellow, tinged with reddish; iris 
umber-brown " (Emin). Total length 9 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 
4-1, tail 2-95, tarsus 1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 9*5 inches, 
culmen 1*2, wing 4, tail 2*95, tarsus 1. 
Hah. Equatorial Africa, probably extending through the Congo 
region. 
a, b. $ $ ad. sk. Hparo, Equatorial Africa, Emin Pasha [P.]. 
Fob. 16. 

c. Ad. sk. 
Semmio, Niam-Niam Coun- F. Bohndorff [C] 
try, Jan. 
3. Melanobucco melanopterus. 
Pogonias (Laimodon) melanopterus, Peters, Bericht AJcad. Berlin, 

1854, p. 134. 

Laimodon albiventris, Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, pp. 393, 395, pi. 157. 

Pogonorhynchus melanopterus, (ro^m, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 6, 

note (1863) j Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 3 (1868); Cab. in Von 
der Decken, Reis. iii. p. 39 (1869); Gray, Sand-l. B. ii. p. 173, 
no. 8428 (1870); Finsch fy Marti. Vdg. Ostafr. p. 504 (1870); 
Marshall, Mon. Capit. p. 13, pi. 7 (1871) • Nicholson, P. Z. S. 1878, 

p. 359; Cab. J. f O. 1878, p. 239; Fischer $ Reichen. t. c. p. 253 ; 
Fischer, t. c. p. 292; id. J.f 0.1879, p. 291 • Fischer Sf Reichen. t c. 
p. 342 ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 592 -Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 
i. p. 370 (1884) j id. J.f. 0. 1885, p. 125; Shelley, Ibis, 1888, 
p. 291; id. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 356. 
Melanobucco melanopterus, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 
Adult General colour above brown, with white shaft-lines; the 
mantle rather blacker and less distinctly streaked ; rump and upper 
tail-coverts blackish, with white shaft-lines; wing-coverts and 
quills brown, externally glossy black, with white shaft-streaks, the 
shafts of the quills light brown ; tail-feathers black; forehead 
scarlet, the hinder crown and nape blue-black, the feathers tipped 
with scarlet; sides of face, cheeks, ear-coverts, and throat bright 
scarlet; fore neck and breast brown, with white shaft-streaks, some 

CAPITONID^I. 

of the feathers blackish ; remainder of under surface of body white, 
with a patch of blackish or brown feathers on the flanks, streaked 
as usual with white shaft-lines; under wing- and tail-coverts white, 
as also the quill-lining: " bill clear horny bluish grey; feet dark 
leaden grey ; iris brown " (G. A. Fischer). Total length 7*4 inches, 
culmen 1, wing 3*8, tail 2*6, tarsus 0-9. 

Young. Browner than the adult and less distinctly streaked both 

on the back and breast; the red on the forehead and sides of face 

and throat of a paler scarlet, the crown black with spots of pale 

scarlet. 

Hab. Confined to Eastern Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. Lamu, E. Africa (Sir J. Shelley Coll. 
Kirk). 
b, a. Ad. et juv. sk. Usambara Hills (Kirk). Shelley Coll. 

d. Ad. sk. Pangani Biver (Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. "Ugogo (Kirk). * Shelley Coll. 
/ . 
Ad. sk. Bovuma River (J. Thorn- Shelley Coll. 
son). 

g. Juv. sk. Zanzibar. 
Sir Bartle Frere [P.]. 
h. 
r? ad. sk. Taveta, June. JEL C. V. Hunter, 
Esq. [P.]. 
i. 
Ad.sk. Kilimanjaro. F. J. Jackson, Esq. 
[P.]. 
4. ILelanobucco levaillanti. 
Le Barbican a ventre rose, Levaill. Barbus, p. 85, pi. A (1806). 
Bucco levaillantii, Vieill N. Diet. d'Sist. Nat. iii. p. 243 (1816). 
Pogonias levaillantii, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. p. 146, pi. cxvii. (1815). 
Pogonias minor, Cuv. Begne An. i. p. 428? note (1817). 
Pogonorhynchus eogaster, Cab. J. f. 0. 1876, p. 92, pi. ii. fig. 1; 

Beichen. J. f. 0. 1877, p. 18 ; Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, i. 

p. 229, pi. vi. fig. 2 (1876\ 
Pogonorhynchus bidentatus, juv., Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 105 (1881). 
Pogonorhynchus levaillantii, Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, ii. 
p. 77 (1877) ; Bocage, Oim. Angola, App. p. 538 (1881). 
Melanobucco levaillanti, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 
Adult male. General colour above blackish chocolate, becoming 

deeper black towards the rump and upper tail-coverts; wing-coverts 

and quills chocolate-brown, with glossy black edges; tail-feathers 

black ; forehead and sinciput scarlet: hinder crown and nape, sides 

of the face, ear-coverts, cheeks, and sides of neck ashy brown; 

throat and under surface of body white, with a tinge of yellow on 

the sides of the body; the lower abdomen pale vermilion ; on each 

side of the vent a large patch of blue-black feathers ; under wing-

and tail-feathers white; quills brown below, ashy white along the 

inner web : " bill clear horny brown or flesh-colour: feet rosy or 

brownish rosy ; iris orange " (FalJcenstein). Total length 6*8 inches, 

culmen 0*85, wing 3*6, tail 2-8, tarsus 0-9. 

Eab. Congo region in Western Africa. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Landana, Congo (X. Petit). Shelley Coll. 
3 . MELANOBUCCO. 
21 

5. Melanobucco leucocephalus. 
Laimodon leucocephalus, Defilippi, Bed. et Mag. de Zool. 1853, 
p. 291; Verr. P. Z. S. 1859? p. 395 ; Antin. Cat. descr. Uce. p. 81 
(1864); Salvad. Atti E. Accad. Sci. Torino, iii. p. 281 (1868). 
Pogonorhynchus leucocephalus, Ileugl Ibis, 1861, p. 123, pi. 10. 
%• 2; Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 4 (1863) ; Gray. 
List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 2 (1868); id. Hand-l. B. ii. p. 172, 
no. 8421 (1870); Eeugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp.754, clviii, pi. 27. 
tig. 2 (1870); Marshall, Mon. Capit. p. 15, pi. 8 (1871); Sharpe, 
Cat. Afr. B. p. 15 (1871) ; Peh. Sifz. zool-bot Wien, xxxi. p. 153 
(1881); Eartl. Abhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen, viii. p. 209 (1883) ; 
Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xvii. p. 432 (1884). 

Pogonias leueocephalic, Marti. Abhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen. vii, p. 112 
(1881). 
Melanobucco leucocephalus, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult male. General colour above brown, blacker on the centre 
of the back, the mantle slightly streaked with white shaft-lines, the 
scapulars and wing-coverts with more distinct and triangular white 
centres to the feathers; greater coverts white, or white with brown 
bases; primary-coverts and bastard-wing brown with white tips; 
quills dark brown, with pale-brown shafts, the inner secondaries 
with white spots at their ends; lower back and upper tail-coverts 
white ; tail-feathers black; crown of head, nape, throat, and chest 
pure white ; breast and sides of the body blackish brown, streaked 
with white centres to the feathers ; under tail-coverts white, as also 
the under wing-coverts and quill-lining : " bill and feet leaden black; 
bare eyelids violet lead-colour ; iris umber-brown " (Eeuglin). 
Total length 7*2 inches, culmen 1, wing 3*5, tail 2*1, tarsus 0*9. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 7*3 
inches, culmen 0*9, wing 3*45, tail 2, tarsus 0-9. 
Bab. North-eastern Africa, extending into Equatorial Africa. 

a. Ad. sk.
h. $ ad. sk. 
Soudan (Knoblecher). 
Kiri, Equatorial Africa, Oct. 19 
Sharpe Ooll. 
Shelley Coll. 
c. $ ad. sk.
cL 6 ad. sk.
(JSonin Pasha), 
Eedjaf, May 11. 
Kutsckugali, Niam-Niam Country,
Oct. 
Emin Pasha [P.l 
F. Bohndorff [Cij. 

6. Melanobucco albicauda. 
Pogonorhynchus leucocephalus, Cab. J.f.O. 1878, p. 239. 
Pogonorhynchus albicauda, Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 117; id.P.Z.S. 
1881. p. 592; Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. i. p. 370 (1884); id. 

J.f.O. 1885, p. 125; Beichen. J.f. 0.1887, p. 59. 
Melanobucco albicauda, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 
Adult (type of species). Similar to M. leucocephalus, but distinguished 
by the white tail, the centre feathers of which are blackish 
brown at the base; the feathers of the back and breast are not 

CAFITONIDiG. 

centred with white, but only narrowly edged with whitish. Total 
length 7*5 inches, culmen 1, wing 3*7, tail 2*2, tarsus 0-95. 
Hah. Eastern Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. Ugogo (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
7. Melanobucco senex. 
Pogonorbynchus leucocephalus (nee IleugL), Cab. J. f. O. 1878, 
p. 239. 
Pogonorbynchus senex, lieichen. J.f. 0. 1887, p. 59. 
Melanobucco senex, Shelley, This, 1889, p. 47G. 
ISTeck and upper part of the back as well as the wings blackish 
brown ; all the rest of the plumage—to wit, the head, entire under 
surface of body, scapulars, rump, and tail—white ; lower back 
streaked with black on a white ground. Both the white shoulder-
bands are joined on the lower back and border the triangular 
blackish-brown patch on the neck and upper back. Some of the 
greater coverts show traces of white spots at the end. Iris brown ; 
bill and feet black. Wing 3*7 inches, tarsus 0*9. (Reielienow.) 

Hal. Ukamba, East Africa. 

8. Melanobucco leucogaster. 
Pogonorhynchus 
leucogaster, Bocage, Jam. Lisb. pt. xxi. p. 63 
(1877) j id. Orn. Angola, p. 539 (1881). 
Melanobucco leucogaster, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult. Similar to M. leucocejpkalus, but differing in the white 
abdomen and under wing-coverts, and the back and greater wing-
coverts being dusky brown, but unspotted. (Bocage.) 

Hah. Quillengues, in Mossamedes. 

9. Melanobucco abyssinicus. 
Le Guifso Balito, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. iii. p. 471 (1775). 
Three-toed Grosbeak', Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. pt. i. p. 159 (1783). 
Loxia tridactyla, Gm. Syst. Nat. p. 8tiQ (1788) j Lath. Ind. Orn. L 


p. 397 (1790). 
Phytotoma tridactyla, Baud. TraiU, ii. p. 306 (1800). 
Phytotoma abyssinica, Lath. Ind. Orn. Suppl. i. p. xlix (1801). 
Abyssinian Plant-cutter, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. h. p. 213, pi. exxxiii. 
(1802). ^ 
Bucco saltii, Stanley in Salt's Voyage to Abyssinia, App. iv. p. 54 
(1814). 
Byreus abyssinicus, Steph. in Shaitfs Gen. Zool. ix. p. 338, pi. 53 
(1815). fc 
Pogonias rubrifrons (nee YieilL), Sioaws. Zool III. ii. pi. 68 (1821); 

Bes Murs in Lefebvreh Voy. Abyss. j>. 128 (1845). 
Pogonias hsematops, Wagl. Syst. Av. Pogonias, sp. 4, p. 165 (1827). 
Pogonias brucii, Riipp. Neue Wirb.. Jog. p. 50, pt. 20. fig. 1 (1835); 

id. P. Z. S. 1837, p. 50. 

3 . :&£L.OGBUeCQ. 
Pogonias saltii, Swains. B. W. Afr. p. 170 (1837); Bp. Consp. Av. 

Lp. 145 (1650); Earth J.f.O. 1854, p. 197; Bp. Consp. Vol. 

Zyg.f. 12 (1854); Marti. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 170 (1857); Eeugl. 

J.f.O. 1882, p. 36; BreJim, Reis. Eabesck, p. 364 (1863). 

Laimoion braeii, 
Etipp. Syst. Uebers. p. 95 (1845); Eeugl. Sysi. 

ZTebers. p. 46 (18515), 

Laimodon saltii^ Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 428(1846); Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, 

p. 396; Eeugl J.f. 0. 1861, p. 196; Antin. Cat. descr. Ucc. p. 81 
(1604). 
Pogonorhynekus saltii, Eeugl. Ibis, 1861, p. 123. 
Pugonorkynehus ahyssiaietis, Goffin, Mas. Pays-Bas7 Buccones, 

p. 5 (1^63); Gray, List Capit. in Brit. Mus. p. 3 (1868); id. 
Maad-l B. Ii. p. 173, no. 8423 (1870) 5 Blanf. Geol. § Zool. 
Abyss, p. 309 (1&70); Marshall, Mon. Capit. p. 17, pi. 9 (1870); 
Firnch, Tr. Z.'S. yii p. 281 (1870); Skarpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 15 
< 1871); AMiti. $ Salvad. Viagg. Bogos, p. 42 (1873); Earth Abhandl. 
nat. Terein. Bremen, yii. p. 112 (1881); Pelz. Sitz. zool.hot. 
Ges. Wim, xxxi. p. 615 (1881) ; Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 
(2) I p. 83 {1884). 
Pogoiiorliyiiehus habessinicus, Eeugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp. 755, clix 
(i87i): 
Meiaiiubucco abyssinicus, Shelley, Ibis7 1889, p. 476. 


Adult male. Glossy blue-black; wing-coverts like the back, the 
feathers broadly edged ^ ith white; bastard-wing and primary-
coverts brown ; quills blackish, edged with bright yellow, becoming 
brighter towards the ends ; tail-feathers black, narrowly fringed 
with yellow; cro\rn of head as far as the occiput, sides of face, 
cheeks, throat, and fore neck brilliant scarlet; ear-coverts glossy 
blue-bkek like the sides of the neck, but with a few scarlet tips ; 
sides of fore neck and breast, as well as the whole of the under 
surface of body from the chest downwards, glossy blue-black; under 
wiug-coverts and axillaries, as well as the quill-lining, white : "bill 
blackish ; feet dusky; iris red " (HtugUa). Total length 6 inches, 
culmen 0*9, wing 3-45, tail 2*1, tarsus U*7o. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
6 inches, culmen IHJ, wing 3*5, tail 1*0, tarsus 0*85. 
Hub, North-eastern Africa. 


a. Ati. sk. Abyssinia. Tweeddale Coll. 
k Ad. &k. Habab (Bsler). Skarpe Coll. 
c, d. Ad. *&. Bogob-Land (JEsler). SheUey Coll. 
$ ao

e.-&^-Anseba Valley, Aug. 5. W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
[C.]. 


f7g. d2 ad. Gabena-VVeldt Gonfallun, Aug. Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. (W. Jesse). 

A. $ ad. sk. Waliko, July 23 {W.Jesse). Sharpe Coll. 
i. 
J ad. sk. Ambucarra, Shoa, Aug. 2-i (O. SheUey Coll. 
Antinari). 
k. 
<$ ad. sk. Adoi-Bembi, Shoa, May (O. Anti-Shelley Coll. 
nori). 
India Museum. 

1 Ad. sk. Shoa (Sir W, Harris). 

m. Ad. &k. White Nile. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
 CAPIT03STIDJ2. 

10. Melanolracco torquatus. 
Le Barbu a plastron noir, Levaill. Barbus, p. 65, pi. 28 (1806). 

Bucco torc^uatus, JDumont, Diet. 8c. Nat. iv. p. 65, pi. 28 (1806), 

ex Levaill. 

Bucco nigrithorax, Cuv. Kegne An. p. 428 (1817). 

Pogonias personatus, Temm. B. Col iii. pi. 201 (1823); Wagl. Sysi. 

Av. Pogonias, sp. 3 (1827) j Cuv. Regne An. p. 458 (1829); less. 
TraitS, p. 160 (1831). 
Pogonias nigritkorax, Cuv. Regne An. p. 458 (1829) ; Bp. Consp. Av. 

i. p. 145 (1850). 
Laimodon nigrithorax, 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 428 (1846); Bp. Consp. 
Vol. Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 325 ; Gurney, Ibis, 
1862, p. 32• Layard, B. 8. Afr. p. 233 (1867); id. Ibis, 1871, 

p. 226. 
Pogonorhynchus 
torquatus, Goffin, Mas. Fays-Bas, Buccones, p. 4 
(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 2 (1868, pt.); id. Hand4. 

B. ii. p. 172, no. 8422 (1870); Marshall, Mon. Capit. p. 19, pi. 10 
(1871); Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 367 ; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 82 j 
Barratt, Ibis, 1876, p. 200 j Ayres, Ibis, 1879, p. 296; Bocage, 
Orn. Angola, p. 106 (1881); Holub $ von Pelz. Beitr. Orn. 8udafr. 
p. 161 (1882); Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 248; Butler, Feilden, $ 
Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 208; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. 8. Afr. pp. 172, 
811 (1884); Souza, Jam. Lisb. 1886, p. 158. 
Pogonorhynchus nigritliorax, Kirk, Ibis, 1864, p. 328. 
Laimodon leucomelas, Ayres, Ibis, 1871, p. 261. 
Melano"bucco torquatus, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 


Adult male. General colour above brown, finely and almost imperceptibly 
vermiculated with wavy blackish lines, the lesser and 
median wing-coverts like trie back; lower back and upper tail-
coverts washed with sulphur-yellow ; greater wing-coverts, bastard 
wing, and primary-coverts uniform brown; quills and tail-feathers 
dark brown, edged externally with bright yellow, whiter on the 
primaries; crown of the head, sides of the face, cheeks, throat, and 
fore neck vermilion ; the nape, hind neck, sides of neck, and upper 
mantle black, as well as a broad collar extending from the sides of 
the fore neck across the breast; remainder of the under surface of 
the body pale sulphur-yellow, more or less mottled, especially on the 
flanks, with dull ashy vermieulations• under wing-coverts and quill-
lining white: " bill black; legs slaty brown ; iris reddish brown " 

(G. K 8.). Total length Q-5 inches, oilmen 1, wing 3-5, tail 2-2, 
tarsus 0-8. 
Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 6-5 
inches, culmen 0*95, wing 3*5, tail 2-05, tarsus 0*9. 
Young. Much duller in colour than the adult, the entire head 
being dingy purplish black, as also the throat and chest, with a little 
scarlet on the throat and more on the sides of the face ; the upper 
surface of the body much washed with yellow ; remainder of under 
surface pale yellow, almost white in some specimens • bill hrown. 

Hah. South Africa. 

a. Juv. sk. South Africa. Sharpe Coll. 
5, c. d 2 ad. ; Eknd'b Post, July (T. C At- Sharpe Coll. 
d. J juv. sk. more). 
3 . MELANOBTTCCO. 
25 

e,f. c?? ad. Eland's Post, May and June Tweoddale Coll. 
sk. (T. C. Atmore). 
g, h. J ad. sk. Durban, Natal (T. L. Ayres). Shelley Coll. 

i. tfad. sk. 
Pinetown, Natal (T, L. Ayres). Seebohm Coll. 
k. $ juv. sk. 
Pinetown, May (T. L. Ayres). Shelley Coll. 
l-o. 
$ ad. et Pinetown, March (G. JE. S.). Shelley Coll. 
juv. sk. 

p. $ ad. sk. 
Transvaal, July (T. E. Buckley). Shelley Coll. 
q, $ ad. sk. Swazi-Land, June (T.E.BuckShelley 
Coll. 
ley). 

r. Ad. bk. Rustenburg, E. Transvaal. P. A. Barratt, Esq. [P.], 
s,tf. Ad. sk. Zambesi River (Sir J. Kirk). Livingstone Expedition. 
u. Ad. sk. 
Tete, Zambesi (Sir J. Kirk). Livingstone Expedition. 
y. Ad. sk. 
Shupanga, Shire" River (Sir J. Livingstone Expedition. 
Kirk). 
iv, x. $ J ad. Caconda, Benguela, Feb., April Shelley Coll. 
sk. (J. Anchieta). 

y. S ad. sk. 
Quillengues, Jan. (J. Anchieta). Sharps ColL 
11. Melanobucco irroratus. 
Poc:onorhynchus torquatus (nee Bum.), Scl. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 112 j 
Finsch <§• Hartl Vog. Ost-Afr. p. 503 (1870); Heugl. Orn. N.O.-
Afr. pp. 756, clix (1871); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 711. 

Pogonorhynchus irroratus, Cab. J.f. 0. 1878, pp. 205, 239; Fischer 
$ Meichen. t c. p. 253 ; Fischer, J. f. 0.1879, pp. 283,291 j Gurney, 
Ibis, 1881, p. 128 ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 593 ; Fischer, Zeiischr. 
ges. Orn. i. p. 370 (1884) ; id. J.f. 0. 1885, p. 125. 

Melanobucco irroratus, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult. Similar to M. torquatus, but smaller and muck more 
coarsely vermiculated above, these vermiculations extending over 
the greater coverts and inner secondaries. The black is not so 
extended over the mantle as in M. torquatus. The breast and abdomen 
are also pale yellow, with, only some greyish mottling on the 
flanks : " bill black ; feet greyish black ; iris reddish yellow-
brown " (G. A. Fischer). Total length 0*5 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 
3*45, tail 2-1, tarsus 0-85. 

Hob. Eastern 
Africa. 

a-c. Ad. sk. 
Mombasa (Bev. J. Wakefield). Sharpe Coll. 
Mombasa. Dr. J. Hildebrandt 

d. (S ad. sk. 
[O.]. 

e. <$ ad. sk. 
Mombasa. Rev. A. F. Buxton 
f. Ad. sk. Lamu (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
7/. Ad. sk. Melinda (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. 
Usainbara Mountains (Sir J. Kirk), Shelley Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. 
Mamboio (Sir J. Kirk), Shelley Coll. 
k. Ad. sk. Dar-es-Salaam (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley CoU. 
I Ad. sk. Qgogo (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
CAPITONIDJS. 

12. Melauobucco vieilloti. 
Le Barbu Rubicon, Levaill Barbus, iii. Suppl. p. 43, %. D (1807). 
Pogonias vieilloti, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. pi. 97 (1815) ; Steph. in 

Shouts Gen. Zool ix. p. 3 (1815) ; Hartl Contr. Orn. 1850, p. 131; 

Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 145 (1850); Marti. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 170 (1857). 

Bucco fuscescens, 
Vieill N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. iii. p. 241 (1810) ; id. 
Enc. Meth. ii. p. 1421 (1823). 
Pogonias rubescens, Temm. PI Col iii. Pogonias, sp. 5 (1823) ; 
Wagl Syst. Av., Pogonias, 5 (1827). 
Pogonias senegalensis, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 9 (1823); Sioains. B. 

W. Afr. ii. p. 168 (1837). 
Pogonias rubicon, Cuv. Regne Anim. p. 457 (1829). 
Bucco personatus, Less. Traite, p. 160 (1831). 
Laiinodon vieilloti, Hupp, Syst. Uebers. p. 95 (1845) * Gray, Gen. B. 
ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Heugl. Syst. 
Uebers. p. 46 (1856); Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 3965 Antin. Cat 
descr. Ucc. p. 81 (1864). 
Pogonorhynekus 
vieilloti, Strickl. P. Z. S. 1850, p. 219 ; Heugl. 
Ibis, 1861, p. 123; id. J. f. 0. 1862, p. 36; Goffin, Mus. Pays-
Bas, Buecones, p. 6 (1863); Ghtay9 List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 4 
(1868); Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 193 ; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 173, 
no. 8427 (1870) ; Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 21, pi. 11 (1870); 
Antin. 8f Salvad. Viagg. Bogos, p. 42 (1873j• Ussher, Ibis, 1874, 

p. 54 ; Shelley, Ibis, 1883, p. 559. 
Melanobucco vieilloti, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 
Adult. General colour above dark brown, the feathers longitudinally 
tipped with sulphur-yellow, before which is a subterminal 
black shade; rump entirely sulphur-yellow: scapulars and wing-
coverts brown, with whitish shaft-lines ; the median series edged 
with white, the greater coverts with pale brown ; quills blackish 
brown, edged with sulphur-yellow ; upper tail-coverts and tail-
feathers dark brown, edged with yellow; forehead scarlet; the hind 
neck and sides of the neck blackish, with yellowish-white tips and 
spots ; lores white ; sides of the face, ear-coverts, and cheeks scarlet; 
throat white, with scarlet ends to the feathers, some of those on the 
sides of the breast edged with black, producing a mottled appearance 
; remainder of under surface of body pale sulphur-yellow, the 
centre of the body scarlet; the flanks dusky blackish, with yellow 
tips to the feathers ; under wing-coverts, axillaries, and quill-lining 
white. Total length 6 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 3*2, tail 1*7*5, 
tarsus 0*8. 

Young. Much more dingily coloured than the adult, and with less 
scarlet on the head and throat, these parts being dusky brown, with 
a few scarlet tips to the feathers. 

Eab. West Africa, from Senegambia to the Mger, and across the 
continent to Eastern Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. Senegal (d'Mnville). Riocour Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk.
d. Juv. sk.
e,f. Ad. sk. 
Senegal. 
Dakar, Senegal. 
Bafchurst, RiverMoloney). 
Gambia (Sir(Type of B. fuscescens.) 
Sharpe Coll. 
L. Laglaize [C.]. 
A. Shelley Coll. 

8 . MELANOBTJCCO. 27 
g. Juv. sk.
h. Ad. sk.
i. Ad. sk. 
Ruflsque, Senegal (L. Laglaize). 
St. Louis, Senegal (L. Laglaize). 
Connor's Hill, Fantee, Nov. 25 (II.
T. Ussher). 
Twoeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Sliarpe Coll. 
h, I. Ad. sk.
m. Ad. sk.
n. $ ad. sk.
o. Ad. sk. 
Yancoomassie (B. T. Blissett). 
River Prah (B. T. Blissett). 
Shonga, River Niger (W. A. F.). 
Abyssinia. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Forbes Coll. 
Sliarpe Coll. 
13. Melaaobucco undatus. 

Pogonias undatus, Hupp. Neue Wirb., Vdg. p. 52, pi. 20.fig. 2 (1835): 

JBp. Consp. Av. i. p. 146 (1850). 
Bucco undatus, Des Murs in Lefebvrds Voy. Abyss, p. 130 (1845). 
Bucco undulatus, Des Murs in Lefebvre's Toy. Abyss., Atlas, pi. 10. 

fig, 2 (1845). 
Laimodon undatus, Rilpp. Sxjst TJebers. p. 95 (1845) ; Gray, Gen.B. 

ii. p. 422 (1846) ; Beugl. Syst. TJebers. p. 46 (1856). 
Pogonorhynckus 
undatus, Beugl Ibis, 1861, p. 123; Gqffin, Mus. 
Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 8 (1863); Gray, List Capit. in Brit. Mus. 

p. 3 (1869); id. Band-l. B. ii. p. 173, no. 8424 (1870); Blanf. 
Geol. $ Zool Abyss, p. 310 (1870); Finsch, Tr. Z. S. vii. p. 283 
(1870); Beugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp. 757, clix (1871); Marshall, 
Mon. Capit. p. 27, pi. 13 (1871); Antin. § Salvad. Viagg. Bogos, 
p. 42 (1873); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) i. p. 84 (1884). 
Pogonorhynchus squamatus, " Beugl." (ubi ?), Gray, Band-l. B. ii. 
p. 173, no. 8430(1870). 
Melanobucco undatus, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 
Adult male. General colour above dusky, the mantle washed 
with glossy blue-black and barred with white; the rump and upper 
tail-coverts barred and tipped with sulphur-yellow ; wing-coverts 
brown, edged with yellowish white ; quills and tail-feathers 
brown, margined with sulphur-yellow; forehead dark crimson; 
hinder crown and nape glossy blue-black; above the ear-coverts a 
broad streak of white; sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, throat, and 
chest glossy blue-black ; sides of fore neck, chest, and under surface 
of body ashy white, washed with pale yellow on the abdomen and 
under tail-coverts, and barred across with dusky blackish; under 
wing-coverts yellowish white; quills ashy below, yellowish along 
the inner web: " bill black; feet lead-colour; iris white " (O. Antinori). 
Total length 5-8 inches, culmen 0*75, wing 3*2, tail 1*9, 
tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 6-2 
inches, culmen 0*8, wing 3*1, tail 1*9, tarsus 0*7. 
Bab. North-eastern Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. Abyssinia. 
Baron Laugier. 
b, c. S 
? ad. Adigrat, Tigr£, April 14. W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
sk. [C.]. 

d. (S ad. sk. Rayrayguddy, May (W. Jesse). Tweeddale Coll. 
e. <$ ad. sk. Senafe, April 14 (W. Jesse). Tweeddale Coll. 
/. $ ad. sk. Kokai, Aug. 9 (W. Jesse). Sharpe Coll. 
g. 3 ad. sk. Shoa, June 22 (O. Antinori), Shelley Coll. 
2 8 
CAPITONIDJE. 

4. T&ICHOL^MA. Type> 
Trichokema, / . # B. Verr. J.f. 0. 1855, p. 132 T. hirsutum. 

Range. Confined to Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
No red on the forehead, which is black or 
brown like the crown. 
a1. Larger ; abdomen yellow, spotted with 
black' hirsutum, p. 28. 
bf. Smaller; abdomen never yellow or with 
black spots. 
a". Eyebrow white. 
a!n. Forehead brown, like the crown ... . stigmatothorax, p. 29. 
b'". Forehead black, like the crown. 

a4. Mantle spotted with yellow ; no 
black spots on the flanks melanocephalum, p. 80. 
¥. Mantle black; large ovate spots of 
black on the flanks lachrymosum, p. 31. 
bn. Fore part of eyebrow yellow affine, p. 31. 

b. 
Forehead red. 
c'. Throat black t leucomelan, p. 31. 
61. 
Throat white. 
e". No black spots on breast diademaium, p. 33. 
d". Breast spotted with black. 
d". 
Edges of quills and tail-feathers 
straw-yellow * frontatum, p. 34. 
d'". Edges of quills and tail-feathers sulphur-
yellow * masaicum, p. 34. 

1. Tricholsema Mrsutum. 
Pogonias hirsutus, Swains. Zool. Illustr. ii. pi. 72 (1821-22); id. B. 
W. Afr. ii. p. 172 (1837); Bp. Consp. l. p. 145 (1850); JSartl 
Orn. W.-Afr. p. 172 (1857); Cass. JProc. Thilad. Acad. 1859, 
p. 140 ; Bartl. Jf. 0.1861, p. 262; Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 386. 
Laimodon hirsutus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846). 
Triekolsema flavipunctata, J $ JB. Verr. J. f. O. 1855, p. 102; id. 
Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1855, p. 555, pi. 14; Reichen. J. f O. 1877, 

p. 17. 
Pogonorhynchus 
hirsutus, Goffin, Mus. Bays-Bas, Buccones, p. 11 
(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 5 (1868); id. Hand-l. B. 

ii. p. 173, no. 8431 (1870); Reichen. J.f. 0. 1875, p. 48; Biittik. 
Notes Zeyden Mus. vii. p. 215 (1885), viii. p. 263 (1886), x. p. 94 
(1888). 
Tricholaema hirsutum, 
Sharpe, Cat Afr. B. p. 15 (1871); id. P. Z. S. 
1871, p. 605; Marshall, Monog?\ Capit. p. 5, pi. 3 (1871); Shelley 
8? Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 287 ; Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 74; Sharpe $ 
Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, iii. p. 78 (1878); Bocage, Orn. 
Angola, p. 539 (1881); Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

* These characters are taken from Reich enow's notes (I. c), as I have not 
seen these two species. 
4 . TKICHOLJEMA. 
Adult. General colour above glossy black, spotted with sulphur-
yellow ; the feathers of the rump and upper tail-coverts edged with 
yellow ; lesser and median wing-coverts like the back and similarly 
spotted with yellow; the greater coverts, quills, and tail-feathers 
black, edged with sulphur-yellow ; crown of head, lores, ear-coverts, 
sides of neck, and throat black; a broad white eyebrow from above 
the eye to above the ear-coverts ; a second very broad band of white 
along the cheeks ; remainder of under surface of body dull sulphur-
yellow ; the fore neck and chest longitudinally streaked with hairlike 
lines of black; the breast, abdomen, sides of body, flanks, thigbs, 
and under tail-coverts spotted with black, the spots being rounded 
or ovate and rather larger on the flanks and under tail-coverts; 
under wing-coverts white, spotted with black : quills dusky below, 
ashy white along the inner web : "bill black; feet blackish grey; 
iris carmine " (J. Butbikofer). Total length 7*4 inches, culmen 1*05, 
wing 3*5, tail 1-8, tarsus 0*85. 

? Young or Adult female. Differs from the adult above described in 
having the head spotted with yellow, the whole of the spots and the 
yellow on the under surface being brighter and more golden yellow ; 
the throat mottled with spots of hoary whitish or pale yellow. 
Total length 6*2 inches, culmen 1, wing 3*5, tail 1/9, tarsus 0*85. 

Hah. "West Africa, from Sierra Leone to the Congo. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Fantee (JET. T. Ussher). Sliarpe Coll. 
c, d. Ad. sk. Denkera (JET. T. Ussher). Shelley Coll. 


e. Ad. sk. Coornassie, Ashantee. GodfreyLagden, Esq. 
/ . Ad. sk. Abouri, Aguapim, Feb. 22 (T. JS. Sheliey Coll. 
Buckley), 
g, h. Juv. sk. Oamaroons (A. Crossley). Sliarpe Coll. 

i. Juv. sk. Gaboon (DuChaillu). Tweeddale Coll. 
k. Ad. sk. Gaboon. 
Purchased. 
2. Tricholaema stigmatothorax. (Plate II. fig. 1.) 
Trichol^ma stigmatothorax, Cab. J.f. 0.1878, pp. 205,240; Fischer, 
Zeitschr. ges. Orn. i. p. 371 (1884) • id. J. f O. 1885, p. 125; 
Shelley, Ibis, 18S5, p. 394. 

Pogonorhynchus stigmatothorax, Shelley, JP. Z. S. 1889, p. 357. 
Trieholsema stigmatothorax, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult female. Similar to T. vnelanocephalum, but brown instead 
of black, the band along the sides of the head and the throat distinctly 
brown, as also the crown of the head; " bill black; feet 
lead-colour ; iris brown" (G.A.Fischer). Total length 4*4 inches, 
culmen 0*65, wing 2*5, tail 1*4, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult male. Differs only in plumage from the female in having 
the feathers of the throat indistinctly tipped with white. 
Hah. Eastern Africa. 

a. 2 ad. sk. N'di, Teita, Feb. Dr. HUbebrandt [C.]. 
b. § ad. sk. Bonga, March 26 {Br. G. A. Shelley Coll. 
Fischer), 
c. $ 
ad. sk. Kilimanjaro, July 3. H. C. V. Hunter, Esq. 
[p.]. 
CAPITONID.^. 

3. Tricholaema melanocephalum. 
Pogonias melanocephalus, Cretzschm. in Rilpp. Atlas, p. 41, pi. 28. 

fig. a (1827) ; Sclat Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 126. 
Pogonias bifrenatus, Kempr. $ Mr. Symb. PJiys. t. 8. %. 2 (1828); 
Temm. PI. Col. iii. Pogonias, sp.S (1823) ; Bp. Consp.Av. i. p. 145 
(1850); Hartl J. f. O. 1854, p. 197; id. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 171 
(1857) ; Ileugl. J.f.O. 1802, p. 36. 

Laimodon melanocephalus, Riipp. Si/st. Uehers. p. 95 (1845) ; Ileugl. 
Ibis, 1859, p. 343 ; id. J.f. 0. 1861, p. 196. 
Laimodon bifrenatus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1845) ; Bp. Consp. 

Vol. Zyg. p. 12 (1854) ; Verreaux, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 396. 
Pogonorhynchns bifrenatus, Tleugl. Ibis, 1861, p. 123. 
Pogonorhynehus nielanocephalus, Goffia, Mus. Pays-Bos, Buccones, 

p. 10 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 4 (1868) ; id. Hand-l. 
B. ii. p. 173, no. 8426 (1870); Blanf. Geol. % Zool. Abyss, p. 310 
(1870); Finsch, Trans. Z. S. vii.p. 282 (1870); Marshall, Monogr. 
Capit. p. 31, pi. 15 (1870) ; Ileugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp. 758, clix 
(1871); Antin. fy Salvad. Viagg, Bogos, p. 43 (1873); Socage, Orn. 
Angola, p. 107 (1881) ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) i. p. 86 
(1884). 
Tricholaema melanocephalum, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult. General colour above glossy blue-black, the head and hind 
neck uniform, with* no crimson on the forehead; the back ornamented 
with yellow tips to the feathers, the rump entirely yellow ; scapulars 
black, externally edged with white; lesser wing-coverts uniform 
brown ; median and greater coverts, quills, and tail-feathers blackish, 
edged with bright yellow, inclining to white at the ends of the 
feathers; lores, feathers below the eye, and ear-coverts blue-black, 
extending in a band along the sides of the neck; a broad white 
streak from above the eye to the sides of the hinder neck ; another 
broad band of white along the cheeks; throat black, narrowing on 
the fore neck; sides of the fore neck and chest and remainder of 
under surface of body white, with a slight tinge of yellow along the 
middle of the abdomen ; sides of the body, thighs, and under tail-
coverts slightly mottled with blackish bases to the feathers ; under 
wing-coverts and quill-lining white : " bill black ; feet dusky leadcolour 
; iris umber-brown" (Eeuglin). Total length 5*3 inches, 
culmen 0*65, wing 2-6, tail 1-4, tarsus 0*75. 

Hah. North-eastern Africa, ranging across to Senegambia. 

a. Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Dr. Eiippell [C.]. 
b. 2 ad. sk. Abyssinia (JEsler). Sharpe Coll. 
c. c? ad. sk. Bairo, Bogbs-Land (W. Jesse). Tweeddale Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Ailat. Bogos-Land, June 6. W. T, Blanford, Esq. 
[O.]. 
e,f. Ad. sk. Deniben, Bogos-Land (Esler). Sharpe Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Bemben {Esler). Shelley Coll. 

4 . TRTCHOLJEMA. 
4. Trichol^ma lachrymosum. 
1887, p. 59. 
Pogonorhynchus lachrymosus, Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p, 42. 
Triehohema lachrymosum, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 470. 

Adult male. Similar to T. melanocephalum and equally black, 
but distinctly and numerously spotted with black underneath, the 
spots being terminal and ovate in shape : " bill and feet black; iris 
brown" (0. A. Fischer): "iris clear grey "(JR. Bdhm). Total 
length 4-8 inches, culmen 0*65, wing 2*7, tail 1-5, tarsus 0-7. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 5-5 
inches, culmen 0*65, wing 2'6, tail 1*8, tarsus 0*6. 
Hab. From the Zanzibar district of Eastern Africa to Equatorial 

Africa. 
a. 2 ad. sk.
b. (S ad. sk.
c. d. <$; e. $ 
Kitui, Ukamba, June. 
Simbaveni, Aug. 11 {Br.
Bohm). 
Wadelai, July. 
R. 
Dr. Hildebrandt [O.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Emin Pasha [P.]. 

ad. sk. 

5. TricMsema affiue. (Plate IT.fig. 2.) 
Pogonorhynchus affinis, Shelley, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 080; 8harpe, ed. 
Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 811 (1884). 
Tricholsema affine, Shelley, Ibis, 1887, p. 476. 

Adult female (type of species). Similar to T. melanocephalum, and 
with no crimson on the forehead, but larger, with the yellow spots 
on the back smaller, and having the sides of the body longitudinally 
spotted with black. Total length 5*8 inches, culmen 0*65, wing 
3-15, tail 1-8, tarsus 0*75. 

Hah. South-eastern Africa. 

a. $ ad. sk. Weenen, Natal, March 15 (W. Arnold). Shelley Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
b. $ ad. sk. Hopetown (T. C. Atmore). Sharpe Coll. 
6. Tricholsema leucomelan. 
Le Barbu de l'isle de Lucon, Sonnerat, Voy. Nouv. Gum. p. 68, pi. 34 
(1776). 
Le Barbu a gorge noire, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vii. p. 103 (1780, ex 

Sonn.) ; Levaill. Barbus, ii. pp. m, 68, 71, pis. 29, 30, 31 (1806). 
Le Barbu a plastron noir, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vii. p. 104 (1780). 
Le Barbu du Cap de Bonne Esperance, Baubent. PL Enl. vii. pi. 688. 

fig. 3. 
Black-throated Bwhei, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 501 (1782). 
Bucco leucomelas, Bodd. Tabl. PL Enl. p. 43 (1783). 
Trogon luzonensis, Scop. Bel. Fl. et Faun. Insubr. ii. p; 89 (1786)/ 
Bucco niger, 67m. Syst. Nat. i. p. 407 (1788); Stephens in Shmd^mml 

ZooL ix. p. 30 (1815); Weill. N. Diet tfHist. Natl ni. p. 242 
(1816). 

CAPIT0NID2E. 

Bucco rufifrons, Stephens, op. cit. ix.p. 31 (1815). 
Pogonias stephensii, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. p. 145, pi. 116 (1815). 
Pogonias niger, Temm. PL Col iii. Pogonias, sp. 6 (1823); Wagl. 


Syst. Av. Pogonias, sp. 6 (1827) ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 145 

(1850). 
Pogonias unidentatus, Licht. Verz. Vog. Kaffeml. p. 17 (1842). 
Laimodon leucomelas, Gray. Gen. B. ii. p."429 (1846) { Layard, B. 

S. Afr. p. 232 (1867). 
Laimodon unidentatus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846) ; Bp. Consp. 
Vol Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 395; Zayard, B. S. 
Afr. p. 233 (1867). ' 
Pogonias leucomelas, Strickl. $ Scl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 155; Mont. 

P. Z. S. 1865, p. 95. 
Lasrnodon niger, Grill, Zool. Antechi. pp. 11, 44 (1859). 
Pogonorhynchus leucomelas, Gqffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 7 
(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 3 (1868) ; id. Hand-L B. 

ii. p. 173, no. 8425 (1870); Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 23, pi. 12 
(1870); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 15 (1871); Gurney in Anderss. 
B. Dam.~Ld. p. 217 (1872) ; Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 367 ; Barratt, 
Ibis, 1876, p. 200,- Ayres, Ibis, 1877, p. 342, 1879, p. 290 ; Socage, 
Om. Angola, p. 107 (1881); Sharpe in Oates1 Matabele-Land, 
App. B, p. 305 (1881); id. ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. pp. 173, 811 
(1884) ; Souza, Jorn. Lisb. 1886, p. 158. 
Pogonorhynchus niger, Solub fy von Pelz. Beitr. Orn. Slldafr. p. 161 
(1882). 
Tricholasma leucomelan, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Adult male. General colour above glossy blue-black, the feathers 
longitudinally tipped with bright yellow; rump-feathers very long 
and entirely yellow; upper tail-coverts blue-black, tipped with 
yellow ; scapulars blue-black, externally white ; lesser wing-coverts 
black, spotted with white ; median series black, with longitudinal 
tips of bright yellow : greater series margined near the ends of the 
outer web with yellow or white, the innermost tipped and edged 
with white along the inner web also; quills and tail-feathers black, 
broadly edged with sulphur-yellow, becoming white towards the 
ends; crown of head uniform blue-black, with a broad frontal band 
of crimson; the base of the forehead, cheeks, lores, eyelids, and ear-
coverts black, extending to the sides of the neck; a broad eyebrow of 
pale sulphur-yellow, passing into white along the sides of the hinder 
neck; feathers below the eye and cheek, sides of the neck and under 
surface of body white; throat and fore neck glossy blue-black; sides 
of the body, thighs, and under tail-coverts slightly mottled with 
blackish bases to the feathers ; under wing-coverts and quill-lining 

white : " bill dark brownish horn-colour ; feet and toes slaty brown; 
iris umber-brown " (Andersson). Total length 6 inches, culmen 0*8, 
wing 3-3, tail 2*05, tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 5*7 
inches, culmen 0*7, wing 3, tail 1*8, tarsus 0*85. 
Young. Much duller in colour than the adult, and differs also in 
having longitudinal black spots on the sides of the body. 
Bab. Southern Africa, to the Matabele Country on the east and 
to Benguela on the west. 

4. TTticnoiuEMA. ;i;i 
a-c. Ad. et iuv. South Africa. Sir A. Smith [0.]. 
sk. 
d, e. Juv. sk. 
/ . <S ad. sk. 
</. § ad. sk. 
Cape Colony (Vcrreauv). 
Hope town (T. C. Atmore).
Swazi-Land, July 22 (T. F. 
Buckley). 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Ooll. 
Shelley Coll. 
h. tf ad. sk. 
«, k. $ ad. sk. 
Transvaal (T. At/res). 
Transvaal, July 10 (T.
Buckley). 
B. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
J. J ad. sk. Pretoria, June 24 (F. Oates). W.E.&C.G. Oates, 
m. <$ juv. sk. Marico. 
Ebqrs. [P.]. 
F. A. JBarratt, Esq. 
%. c? ad. sk. Tati, Matabele-Land, Sept. 3 
(T. JE. Buckley). 
[P.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
o. Ad.sk. Tati, Oct. 6 (F. Oates). W.E.&C.G. Oates, 
p. Ad. sk. 
q, r. S $ ad. sk. 
Makalaka Country (Dr. Bradshazv). 
Otjimbinque, Damara-Land, 
Esqrs. [P.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
June, July (C. J. Anders-
s. Ad. sk. 
t. Ad.sk. 
son j , 
Otjimbinque, Aug. 4 (0. J. 
Andersson).Ondonga, Jan. 25 (C. J. 
Andersson). 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
w. Ad. sk. Benguela (/. J. Mwteiro). Sharpe Coll. 
v. Ad. sk. Benguela. Monteiro Coll. 

7. Tricholsema dia&ematum. 
Lsemodon diadematus, Heugl. Syst. Uebers. p. 47 (1856). 

Pogonorhynchus diadematus, Heugl. Ibis, 1861, pp. 124, 126, pi. v. 
tig. 8 ; Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 9, note (1863) ; Gray, 
List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 4 (1868) ; id. Handrl. B. ii. p. 173, no. 
8429 (1870); Sahad. Atti P. Accad. Torino, 1870, p. 744; Heugl. 
Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp. 759, clix, pi. 27. %. 3 (1871); Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit p. 29, pi. 14 (1871) ; Pelz. Sitz. zool-bot Ges. Wien, 

xxxi. p. 615 (1881), xxxii. p. 510 (1882) j Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 41. 
Pogonias diadematus, Hartl. Abhandl. nat. Verein. Bremen, vii. p. 112 
(1881). 
Tricholaema diadematum, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 


Adult male. Similar to T. leucornelan, but distinguished by the 
absence of the black throat, the whole of the under surface of the 
body being white, with an ochrcous tinge: " bill and feet dusky 
lead-colour ; iris chestnut" (Heuglin). Total length 6 inches, 
culmen 0*7, wing 3, tail 1*7, tarsus 0*7. 

Hob. Equatorial Africa. 

a, b. <$ ad. sk. Lado, Equatorial Africa, June 25 Shelley Coll. 
(Fmin Pasha), 

c. S ad. sk. Lado, March 3. Emin Pasha [P ]. 
VOL. XIX. B 

CAPITONIBiE. 

8. Tricholaema frontatum. 
Pogonorhynchus frontatus, Cab. J.f 0. 1880, p. 351, Taf. ii. tig. 1; 
Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 539 (1881). 
Tricholaema frontatum, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 


Similar to T. diadematum, but distinguished by the black spots on 
the under surface (Cabanis). 
Hal. Angola. 

9. Tricholsema masaicum. 
Pogonorhynchus frontalis (nee Cab.), Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. i. 
p. 370 (1884). 
Pogonorhynchus massaicus, Reichen. J.f. 0. 1887, p. 59. 
Adult male. Similar to T. frontatum, but with the lanceolate-
shaped streaks on the back and wing-coverts as well as the edges of 
the wings and tail-feathers sulphur-yellow instead of straw-yellow; 
under surface washed with isabelline; the black spots on the under 
surface smaller and not rounded, but longitudinal; breast-feathers 
with yellow spots. Total length 5*3 inches, wing 3*1, tarsus 0*85. 

Hob. Masai-Land. 

5. GYMBTOBUCCO. „ 
Type. 
Gymnohucco, Bp. Consp. i. p. 141 (1850) G. calvus. 
Gymnocranus, Tleine, J.f.O. 1860, p. 191 G. calvus. 

Range. Confined to Africa. 

1. Gymnohucco calvus. 
Bucco calvus, Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1841, p. 241. 

Megalaima calva, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1840); id. List Capit. 
Brit. Mus. p. 16 (1868); Coffin, Mus. Fays-Bas, Buccones, p. 49 
(1863) • Gray, Kand-l. B. ii. p. 176, no. 8476 (1870). 

Gymnobucco calvus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 141 (1850) ; Hartl. J.f. 0.1854, 

p. 195; id. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 174 (1857) ,• Cass. Froc. Acad. Philad. 
1859, p. 140; Hartl J. f. O. 1861, p. 262; Marshall, Monogr. 
Capit. p. 136, pi. 54 (1871) ; Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 16 (1871): 
id. F.Z.S. 1871, p. 606; Shelley % Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 287; 
Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 55; Reichen. J.f.O. 1875, p. 8; Bocage, ' 
Orn. Angola, p. 540 (1881); Bilttik. Notes Leyden Mus. vii. 
p. 217 (1885), viii. p. 263 (1886), x. p. 95 (1888). 
Gymnobucco 
peli, Hartl Orn. W.-Afr. p. 175 (1857); id. J. f. O. 
1861, p. 263; Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 193; Reichen. J. f O. 1877, 

p. 17. 
Gymnocranus calvus, Heine, J.f.O. 1860, p. 191; Reichen. J.f.O. 
1877, p. 17. 
Gymnocranus peli, Seine, J.f.O. 1860, p. 191. 


Adult male. General colour above and below brown, with more 

5 , GYMNOBTTCCO. 35 

or less distinct shaft-si ripes of paler brown on the back and breast; 
quills and tail-feathers dark brown, with lighter brown edges ; head 
bare, blue in life, with a few hoary hairs on the crown; the throat-
feathers brown like the under surface, with a tuft of straw-coloured 
bristles on the chin : " bill yellowish brown ; feet blackish grey ; 
iris dark" (A. Reiclienow). Total length 6*8 inches, culmen 0*85, 
wing 3*35, tail 1*9, tarsus 0*85. 

Adult female. Similar to the supposed male above described, but 
having a smaller tuft of bristles on the chin, and a frontal tuft of 
the same yellowish-brown bristles at the base of each nostril; the 
plumage both above and below is washed with olive. Total length 
5-9 inches, culmen 0 75, wing 3-25, tail 1*65, tarsus 0*75. 

Young. Distinguished by its dingy reddish brown, almost black, 
bill, the base of the lower mandible alone being reddish horn-colour. 
The head is nearly covered with brown feathers like the back. 

It is curious that, since Messrs. C. & Gr. Marshall wrote their 
c MonographJ and came to the conclusion that G. calvus and G.peli 
were sexes of the same species, the question has not yet been satisfactorily 
settled. Mr. E. E. Sharpe in 1871 suggested that the two 
species might after all be distinct, and he pointed out that the bill 
in so-called G. calvus was always larger than that of G. peli, but 
the controversy has never been advanced since that date, though a 
large series has been gathered together in the British Museum. I 
cannot believe, however, that two distinct species can always occur 
side by side in every part of Africa inhabited by G. calvus, and I 
therefore believe G. peli to be one of the sexes, though whether it 
be the adult male, as I presume it to be, or the female, I cannot yet 
determine. The young bird shows no sign of frontal tufts, and if, 
therefore, after the rule of most birds, the young resembles the old 
female, which also lacks the frontal tufts, then G. calvus will bo 
the old female, and G. peli, with its well-developed frontal tufts, will 
be the old male, notwithstanding its smaller bill. Two males and 
a female from the Gongo bear out this theory, but a fourth bird is 
marked female and yet has frontal tufts. There may, however, have 
been some mistake in sexing this specimen. 

Hah. West Africa, from Liberia to the Congo. 

a. Ad.sk. Fantee. Tweeddale Coll. 
b,c, d. Ad.etjuv. Fantee (Aubinn). Sharpe Coll. 
sk. 
e~h Ad.; I, m,
n. Juv. sk. 
Fantee (H. T. Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
o, p. Ad. sk.
q, r, s. Ad. sk.
t. Ad. sk.
u. Ad. sk.
vt w. $ ad.; xty. J ad. sk. 
Enimill, Wasa Province (H. F. 
Blissett). 
Denkera (S. T. Ussher). 
Abouri, Aguapim, Feb. 21 (T. E. 
Buckley). 
Camaroons, Feb. 4 (A. Crosdey). 
Landana, Congo. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
L. Petit [C.]. 

i>2 

CAPITONIDiE. 

6. HELIOBUCCO. T 
Gymnobucco, ami. (nee Bp.) H. bonapartii. 
Heliobucco, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 

Range. Confined to West Africa. 

1. Heliobucco bonapartii. 
Gvranobucco bonapartii, Marti. J. f. 0. 1854, p. 410; Verr. J.f. 0. 
'1865, p. 102; Hartl. Orn. TV.-Afr. p. 175 (1857); Marsh. 
Monogr. Capit. p. 137, pi. 55 (1871); Oustalet, Kouv. Arch. Mus. 
(2), Bull p. 64 (1879); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. x\ii. 

p. 432(1884). 
Barbatula fuliginosa, Cass. Proc. Acad. Philad. 1855, p. 824. 
Gymnobucco fuliginosa, Cass. Proc. Acad. Philad. 1859, p. 140; 
Oustalet, N. Arch. Mia. (2) ii. p. 67 (1879). 
Gymnocranus bonapartii, Heine, J.f.O. I860, p. 191. 
Gymiiocranus fuliginosus, Heine, J.f 0. I860, p. 191. 
Megalaima bonapartii, Gqffin, Mus. Pays-Ras, Buccones, p. 51, note 

(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit Mus. p. 16 (1868) ; id. Hand-L 

B. ii. p. 176, no. 8478 (1870). 
Heliobucco bonapartii; Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. 
Adult. Brown, with the head always feathered, and the back and 
breast always distinctly streaked with mesial stripes of yellowish 
white ; the head washed with olive-yellow and the throat ashy grey ; 
"bill horn-black, clearer on the sides; feet dark brown?J (A. 
Reichenoiv). Total length 5*5 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 3*1, tail 
1*65, tarsus 0*75. 

Young. Like the adult, but with the bill yellow at the base 
of both mandibles; the streaks on the upper and under surface 
obsolete, both washed with olive. 

Hah. West Africa, from the Camaroons to the Congo, *and across 
the continent to the Mam-Mam Country. 

a, Ad. sk. Gaboon. M. Verreaux. 
b, c. Ad. sk.
d. Ad. sk. 
Gaboon (Duchaillu). 
Camma River, Gaboon (Duchaillu). 
Sharpe Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Sassa, Niam-Niam Country, Oct. F. BohndorrT [C.]. 

7. SMIL0BHIS. 
Type. 
Smiloxhis, Sundev. Av. Meth. Tent. p. 75 (1872) S. leucotis. 
Range. Confined to Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Lower part of back dark brown; mantle and back 
light brown leucotis, p. 37. 
b. Lower back and rump white; mantle and upper 
back blackish kilimensis*, p. 37. 
* Smilorhis bocayii A. Souza, Jorn. Lisb. xliii. p. 158 (1886), seems to be 
nearly allied to the East-African bird. 
7. SMILORHIS. 
irr 

1. Smilorhis leucotis. 
Megalsema leucotis, Simdev. (Efv. K. Vet.-Alcad. Stoekh. 1850, p. 109; 
Zicht. Nomencl. Av. p. 74 (1854). 
Megalaima leucotis, Goffin, Mus. Pai/s-Bas, Buccones, p. 48 (1803); 
Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 234 (1867) \ Gray, List Oapit. Brit Mus. 

p. 1(5 (1868) ; id. Hand-l. B. ii. p. 176, no. 8475 (1870): Finsch &-
Hartl. Vog. Ost-Afr. p. 505 (1870). 
Barbatula lencotis, Marsh. Monogr. Capit^.lZl, pi, 52 (1871) j 
Gurney, Ibis, 1873, p. 255. 
Smilorhis leucoiis; Sundev. Av. Meth. Tent. p. 75 (1872): Sharpe, 
ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 177 (1884). 

Adult male. General colour above light brown on the mantle, 
upper back, and scapulars, the feathers edged with pale fawn-brown 
or buff; lower back," rump, and upper tail-coverts blackish, the sides 
of the lower back white ; wing-coverts and quills brown, blackish 
towards the ends and on the outer web; tail-feathers blackish 
brown; head and hind neck black, with glossy black shafts ; a broad 
white band from behind the eye extending to the sides of the neck; 
sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, throat, and chest blackish, the 
latter rather paler brown, especially on the sides; breast, abdomen, 
and under tail-coverts white; sides of body blackish, some of the 
feathers white-edged ; thighs brown ; under wing-coverts and axillaries 
white ; quills dusky below, white along the inner web : " bill 
and feet black " {J. Wahlberg). Total length 6*2 inches, culmen 0-8, 
wing 2-45, tail 1*85, tarsus 0*9. 

Hal. South-eastern Africa, from Natal to Mozambique. 

a. J ad. sk. Natal, Nov. 8 (J. Wahlberg). Sharpe Coll. 
2. Smilorhis kilimensis. 
Megaloenia leucotis (nee Smid.), Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. i. p. 371 
(1884); id.J.f.O. 1885, p. 125. 
Barbatula leucotis {nee Sund.), Shelley, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 223; id. 

P. Z. S. 1889, p. 357. 
Smilorhis kilimensis, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 477. 
Adult female. Similar to S. leucotis, but blacker; the lower back, 
rump, and upper tail-coverts white, or else the feathers dull brown, 
externally white : " bill and feet black ; iris brown " (G. A. Fischer). 
Total length 7 inches, culmen 0-8, wing 3*65, tail 2-12, tarsus 0*8. 

Hal. Eeplaces S. leucotis in East Africa. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Kilimanjaro, 3O0O-GO00 ft. H. II, Johnston, Esq. [C.]. 
(Types of species.) 
c. ? ad. sk. Taveta, June. II. O. V. Hunter, Esq. [P.], 

CAPIT0NID2E. 

8. BAEBATULA. Tjpe# 
Barbatula, Less. Compl Buff. ix. p. 292 (1837) B. erythronota. 

Xylobucco, Bp. Consp. i. p. 141 (1850) B. scolopacea. 

BvLQcmodon,Verr.inHartl.O?-n.W.-Afr. -p. 171 (18-37). B. duchaillui. 

Cladurus, Beichen. J.f. 0. 1877, p. 17
Lignobucco; Beichen. J.f 0. 1887, p. 3


Range. Confined to Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Forehead red or yellow; mantle black, mottled 
or streaked with yellow or white. 
a'. Throat blackb'. No black on throat. 

a". Fore part of crown crimson. 
a'". Rump sulphur-yellow. 
a4. Larger; streaks on hind neck and 
mantle yellowish

b4 

. Smaller; streaks on hind neck and 

mantle white. 
a5. Breast pale green5\ Breast sandy bufif

b'". Rump orangeb". Fore part of crown orange-yellow. 
c'". Smaller : under surface yellow, the 
throat like the breastd"\ Larger: throat greenish yellow, contrasting 
with the sandy-brown chest ..

b. Forehead black like the rest of the crown and 
mantle. 
cr. Rump crimson
d'. Rump yellow. 


c". Eyebrow and cheek-stripe white. 

e'". Larger: rump orange; wing-coverts 
and quills edged with sulphur-yellow .
f". Smaller: rump orange, as also the 
edges of the wing-coverts and quills. .

g'". Smaller: rump, as also the edges of the 
wing-coverts and quills, sulphur-
yellow

d". Eyebrow and cheek-stripe yellow like the 
throat

c. Forehead dark brown like the rest of the upper 
parts, with yellow edges to the feathers 
B. ducliaillm. 
B. scolopacea. 
duchaillui) p. 38. 

pusilla, p. 30. 

minata, p. 40. 
affinis, p. 41. 
uropyyiahs, p. 41. 

chrysocoma, p. 42. 
extoni, p. 43. 

erythronota, p. 43. 

bilineata, p. 44. 
chrysopyga, p. 45. 

leucolmma, p. 45. 
subsulphurea, p. 46. 
scolopacea, p. 47. 

1. Barbatula duchaillni. 
Barbatula duchaillui, Cass. Proc. Acad. Philad. 1855, p. 324, 1859, 
p. 140; Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 193. 
Barbatula formosa, Verr. Bev. et Mag. de Zool. 1855, p. 218, pi. 5. 
Pogonias duchaillui, Marti. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 171 (1857); id. J.f. 0. 
1861, p. 263. 
Buccanodon duchaillui, Verr. P, Z. 8. 1859, p. 397; Bouoier, Cat. 
Ois. Marchefyc.y. 29 (1875J. 

8 . BARBATULA. 
30 

Megalaima duchaillui, Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 39 (1803) j 
Gray, List Capit Brit Mus. p. 13 (1808); id. Iland-l B. ii. 

p. 175, no. 8464 (1870); Buttik. Notes Lei/den Mus. vii. p. 210 
(1885). 
Xylobucco duckaillui, Marshall, Monogr. Capit p. 113, pi 46 (1870); 

Sharpe, Cat Aft. B. p. 15 (1871); id. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 600; 

Shelley 8f Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 207 ; Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 55 ; 

Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. (2) ii. Bull p. 63 (1879) 5 Bocage, Orn. 

Angola, p. 540 (1881) ; Giglioli, Ibis, 1881, p. 200. 

Megalsema duckaillui, Beichen. J.f. 0. 1875, p. 8. 

Cladurus duckaillui, Reichen. J. f. 0. 1877, p. 17. 

Pogonorhynchus duchaillui, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2)i. p. 85 

(1884). 

Adult General colour above glossy blue-black, spotted with yellow 
on the back and scapulars ; the lower back, rump, and upper tail-
coverts barred with yellow at the ends of the feathers; wing-coverts 
like the back, the median and lesser coverts tipped with yellow, the 
greater coverts edged with yellow towards the end of the outer web ; 
bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills black, edged with yellow 
near the ends of the outer web, more broadly on the inner secondaries 
; tail-feathers black; crown of head glossy blue-black, without 
any yellow spots ; forehead crimson; lores bare ; a broad yellow eyebrow, 
extending from above the eye down the sides of the neck; sides 
of the face, ear-coverts, cheeks, throat, and fore neck uniform glossy 
blue-black; remainder of under surface of body yellow, mottled with 
black bases to the feathers, which are really black, broadly tipped 
with yellow; "under wing-coverts white with a tinge of yellow; quills 
below dusky, yellowish white along the inner edge ; " bill black ; iris 

brown" (Crossley). Total length 6*3 inches, culmcn 0*65, wing 3, 
tail 1*8, tarsus 0*75. 

Young. Differs from the adult in the entire forehead and crown 
K,eing black, in the almost entire absence of blue gloss, and in the 
base of the bill being pale. 

Hab. West Africa, from Liberia to the Gaboon. 

a-c. Ad.; d-h. Fantee (Aubinn). Sharpe Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
i, k. Ad. sk. Denkera (H. T. Ussher). Shelley Coll. 

I. Iinm.sk. Abouri, Aguapira, Feb. 22 (T. B. Shelley Coll. 
Buckley), 
m. Ad. sk. Camaroon Mts., Feb. 4 (Crossley). Sharpe Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. Gaboon (Walker). Sharpe Coll. 
0. Ad. sk. Moonda River, Gaboon (DuChaillu). Sharpe Coll. 
2. Barbatula pusilla. 
Le Barbion male, Levaill. Barbus, p. 73, pi. 32 (1800). 
Bucco pusillus, JDumont, Diet. Sci. Nat. iv. p. 50 (1806, £# Lemill). 
Bucco parvus (nee Gm.), CKV. Megne An. p. 428 (1817). 
Bucco rubrifrons, Vieill. N. Diet d'llist. Nat iv. p. 497 (1810). 
Oapito rubrifrons, Vieill. Enc. Meth. p. 1423 (1823). 
Bucco barbatula, Temm* PL Col iii. Bucco, &pp. 18, 19 (1831). 


40 
CAPIT03STIDJE. 

Bucco chrysoptera, Szvains. An. in Menag. p. 322 (1837). 
Barbatula parvus {nee Gm.), Hartl JRev. et Mag. Zool 1842, p. 337. 
Megalaima barbatula, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846); Bayard, B. 


8. Afr. p. 234 (1867). 
Barbatiila pusilla, Bonap. Consp. Av. i. p. 144 (1850); id. Consp. 
Vol Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Verr. P. Z. S. Ib59, p. 399 (pt.)• Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit. p. 117, pi. 48 (1871); Sharps, Cat. Afr. B. p. 16 
(pt.) (1871); id. ed. Bayard's B. 8. Afr.jp. 175 (1884). 

Barbatula minuta, Gumey, Ibis, 1864, p. 353. 
Megalaima pusilla, Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buceones, p. 40 (pt.) 
(1863); Gray, Bist Capit. Brit Mus. p. 14 (1868); id. Eand-l B. 

ii. p. 176, no. 8466 (1870). 
Megalaema barbatula, Layard, Ibis, 1869, p. 372. 
Adult male. Easily recognizable by its scarlet frontal paten and 
sulphur-yellow rump * lesser wing-coverts entirely black; the stripes 
on the back white, washed with greenish yellow* throat and under 
surface of body pale greenish yellow: " bill black; feet greenish 
ash; iris very dark brown" (T. Ay res). Total length 4*6 inches, 
culmen 0*5, wing 2*4, tail 1*35, tarsus 0-6. 

Adult female. Similar in colour to the male. Total length 4*3 
inches, culmen 0*55, wing 2*35, tail 1*35, tarsus 0*65. 
Had. Confined to South Africa. 

a,b. dad. j c,d. Eland's Post, S.E.Africa (T. C Sliarpe Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Atmore). 
e-g. Ad.sk. Durban, Natal (Gordge). Shelley Coll. 

h. 
5 ad. sk. Pinetown, Natal, May 12 (T. L. Shelley Coll. 
Ayres), 
i. $ ad. sk, Pinetown, Feb. 8 (T. L. Ayres). Seebohm Coll. 
3. Barbatula minuta. 
Barbatula minuta, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 144 (1850) ; id. Consp. Vol. 
Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Hartl. Orn. W.~Afr. p. 173 (1857). 

Barbatula pusilla {nee Dumont), Hevgl. Ibis, 1861, p. 124; Blanf. 
Geol. $ Zool. Abyss, p. 311 (1870); Sharps, Cat. Afr. B. p. 16 (pt.) 
(1871); Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) i. p. 87 (1884). 

Megalaima pusilla, Goffin, Mtis. Pays-Bas, Buceones, p. 40 (pt.) 
(1863). 
Megalaima pusilla, Heugl. Orn. KO.-Afr. pp. 762. clx (1870): 
Finsch, Tr. Z. 8. vii. p. 282 (1870). 

Adult male. Similar to B. pusilla, and having a scarlet frontal 
patch, but smaller, and distinguished by the white stripes on the 
back, without any yellow tinge : " bill black : feet leaden blackish ; 
iris dusky " {Heuglin). Total length 3*8 inches, culmen 0*5, wing 
2*15, tail 1*25, tarsus 0*45. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 4 
inches, culmen 0*5, wing 2-25, tail 1-25, tarsus 0-5. 
Bab. North-east Africa, across to Senegambia. 

a. 
<$ ad. hk. Fndul Wells, Abyssinia, April. W. T. Blanford, ESQ 
[C.]. 
8 . BARBATULA. 41 
b. 2 ad. sk.
c. Ad. ak.
d. Ad. sk. 
May en, Abyssinia, Jan. 23. 
Kokai, Bogos-Land ( W. Jesse), 
Waliko, July (W. Jesse). 
W. T. Blanibrd. 
[0.]. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Tweeddalo Coll. 
Esq. 

4. Barbatula affinis. 
Barbatula uropygialis (nee Heugl), Cab. J.f, 0. 1878, p. 240. 

Barbatula 
afEnis, Beichen. Orn. Centralbl1879, p. 114,* id. J.f, 0. 
1879, p. 342; Fischer, Zeitschr.ges. Orn. i. p. 371 (1884) ; id. J.f. 
0.1885, p. 124; Meichen. J.f. 0. 1887, p. 59; Shelley, Ibis. 1888, 

p. 29G; id. P. Z. & 1889, p. 357. 
Adult male. Similar to B. minuta, and with a scarlet frontal 
patch and white streaks on the back, but differing in the colour of 
the under surface, which is pale greenish with a white throat, followed 
by a fulvescent fore neck and throat: " bill and feet black; 
iris brown" (G. A. Fischer). Total length 3*5 inches, culmen 0-45, 
wing 2-15, tail 1*2, tarsus 0*6. 

Adult female. Similar in colour to the male. Total length 3*6 
inches, culmen 0*45, wing 1*9, tail l'l, tarsus 0*5. 
Hab. East Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. Dar-es-Salaam (J5. C. Buxton). Shelley Coll. 
b, c. $ ad. sk. Manda Island, Nov. 12. F. J. Jackson, Esq. 
[P.]. 
d, e. $ ad. sk. Teita, Aug. 26. II. O. V. Hunter, 
Esq. [P.]. 
/ . 
Ad. bk. Useri River, July 15. H. C, V. Hunter, 
Esq. [P.]. 

5. Barbatula uropygialis. 
Barbatula pusilla (pi), Heugl. Ibis, 1861, p. 124. 
Barbatula uropygialis, Heugl. J.f.O.1862, p. 37; Marshall, Monogr. 
Capit. p. 121, pi. 49. lig. 1 (1871) • Antin. § Sakad. Viagg. Bogos, 

p. 43 (1873). 
, 
Megalaima uropygialis, Gojfin, Mus. Fays-Bas, Buccones, p. 42 
, (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 14 (1868); id. Hand-l B. 

ii. p. 176, no. 8470 (1870); Heugl Orn. N.O.~Afr, pp. 761, clix, 
tab. xxviii. (1871); Cab. JJ^ 0.1878, p. 240. 
Adult. Of small size • forehead scarlet on a yellow ground * patch 
on rump fiery red, slightly varied with black • abdomen whitish, 
washed with pale sulphur-yellow; under tail-coverts sulphur-
yellow ; bill blackish ; feet dusky black • iris dusky. Total length 
4 inches, culmen about 5'", wing 1" l'"-2", tail 1" 3£'"9 tarsus 6'". 
(Heuc/lin.) 

Hob. North-eastern Africa, extending t^Oha-JJUjiukisa^^ 
in East Africa. 

CAFIIWIDJE. 

6. Barbatula chrysocoma. 
Bucco clirysocoma, Temm. PI Col iii. pi. 536. fig. 2 (1823) * Hartl. 

Rev. et "Mag. Zool. 1842, p. 337. 
Bucco parvus, var., Less. Traite, p. 165 (1831). 
Barbatula ckrvsocoma, Riipp. Syst. Uebers. p. 95 (1845); Bp. Consp. 

Av.i.y. 145 (1850); Marti J.f 0. 1834, p. 196; Heugl. Syst. 
Uebers. p. 47 (1856); Hartl Orn. W.-Afr. p. 173 (1857) ; Terr. 

P.Z.S. 1859, p. 398; Keugl. Ibis, 1861. p. 124; Antin. Cat 
descr. Ucc. p. 82 (1864); Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 485; Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit. p. 119, pi. 49 (1871); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 16 
(1871) ; Ussker, Ibis, 1874, p. 55 ; Peh. Verh. z.-b. Gesellseh. Wien, 
xxxi. p. 153 (1881); Hartl Abhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen, viii. 
p. 209 (1883) ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 42. 
Megalaima 
clirysocoma, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846); Goffin, 
Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 41 (1863); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. 

p. 176, no. 8467 (1870). 
Bucco aurifrons, Heugl. J.f.O. 1867, p. 300 (ex Pr. von Witrt. 
MSS.). 
Megalsema 
chrysocoma, Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp. 760, elix 
(1871). 

Adult male. General colour above yellowish white, streaked with, 
dusky black, the feathers being white, edged with black, the black 
edging being especially broad and distinct on the hind neck ; lower 
back and upper tail-coverts sulphur-yellow; lesser and median 
wing-coverts golden yellow, or black with golden-yellow edges ; 
greater coverts blackish, with white or yellowish-white margins; 
bastard-wing and primary-coverts blackish; quills blackish, edged 
with golden yellow, the inner secondaries rather broadly so with 
white; tail-feathers blackish, edged with sulphur-yellow ; crown of 
head like the hind neck and similarly striped; a large frontal 
patch of golden yellow ; a narrow line across the base of the forehead 
joined to another line which skirts the sides of the crown, black; 
lores, eyebrow, and a streak under the eye white, followed by a 
black band along the ear-coverts ; cheeks white, separated from the 
throat by a broad black stripe; throat and under surface of body 
pale yellow, inclining to sulphur-yellow on the under tail-coverts; 
under wing-coverts and axillaries, as well as the quill-lining, white: 
" bill blackish; feet dusky leaden colour; iris dusky" (Henglin). 
Total length 4 inches, culmen 0*45, wing 2*1, tail 1*12, tarsus 0*5. 


Adult female (Kibiro : Emin Pasha). Similar to the male in 
plumage. Total length 4*7 inches, culmen 0*5, wing 2*35, tail 1*25, 
tarsus 0*55. 

Not only is this specimen from Eiibiro larger than those from 
West Africa, but it appears to be more sulphur-yellow underneath, 
and to have the upper tail-coverts black, edged with yellow, whereas 
in true B. clirysocoma they are yellow like the rump. I do not like, 
however, to separate the two birds without examining a larger 
series. 

Hah. West Africa, from Senegambia to the Gold Coast, and Northeast 
Africa to the Equatorial Region. 

8 . BARBATTJLA. 
43 

a. $ ad. sk. Casamanse, Senegambia. Sliarpe Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Eiver Yolta (E. T. Usshe?-). Sharpe Coll. 
Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Sharpe Coll. 
c, 

cl g ad. sk. Kibiro, Equatorial Africa, Oct. 9. Emin Pasha [P.]. 

7. Barbatula extoui. 
Megalaima ehrysocoma {nee Temm,)9 Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 
p. 14 (1868). 
Barbatula extoni; Layard, Ibis, 1871, p. 226 ; Sharpe•, Cat. Afr. B. 
p. 16 (1871); At/res, Ibis, 1879, p. 296 ; Holub 8f Pelz. Beitr. Orn. 
SMafr. p. 162'(1882); Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 248; Ay res, Bis, 
1864, p. 226 ; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. jjp. 176, 811 (1884). 
Barbatula clirysocoma, Socage, Orn. Angola, p. Iu9 (1881). 

Adult male (type of species). Similar to B. ehrysocoma, and with 
the same golden-yellow patch on the forehead, but larger, and distinguished 
by the dingy olive-yellow under surface, against which 
the sulphur-yellow throat stands out conspicuously : " bill black; 
tarsi and feet dusky brown ; iris dusky umber" (T. Ay res). Total 
length 4*6 inches, culmen 0*5, wing 2*5, tail 1*35, tarsus 0*6. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 4 
inches, culmen 0*55, wing 2*4, tail 1*3, tarsus 0*6. 
Bab. South-eastern Africa. 

a $ ad. sk. Transvaal (Wahlberg). Sharpe Coll. 

b. (S ad. sk. Magaliesberg Mts., Transvaal, Sharpe Coll. 
Dec. 16 (T. Ayres). 
c. S ad.; d, e. Bustenberg, Oct., Nov. (T. Shelley Coll. 
2 ad. sk. Ayres). 
f. (S ad. sk. Kanye, Matabele Country Sharpe Coll. (Type 
{Dr. Fxton). of species.) 
//. S ad. sk. Kanye (J. S. Jameson). Shelley Coll. 


h. 
3 ad. sk. Caconda, Benguela, Nov. (J. Shelley Coll. 
Anchieta). 
8. Barbatula erythroiiota. 
Le Barbion a dos rouge, Levaill. Barhus, p. 182, pi. 57 (1806). 
Bucco erythronotus, Cuv. Regne An. p. 428 (1817, ex Levaill.); 

Temm. PI. Col. iii. Bucco, sp. 20 (1828). 
Barbatula erythronota, Eartl. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1842, p. 387. 
Megalaima atroflava, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846); Gqffin, Mus. 

9 Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 42 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 

p. 14 (1868); id. Kand-l. ii. p. 176, no. 8471 (1870). 
Barbatula atroflava, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 145 (1850); Strichl. Contr. 
Orn. 1851, p. 125; Verr. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 262 • Earth 

J. f. O. 1854, p. 196; Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Eartl. 
Om. W.-Afr. p. 172 (1857); Verr. F. Z.S, 1859, p. 398; Eartl. 
J.f.O. 1861, p. 262 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 485; id. Cat Afr. B. 
p. 16 (1871); Marshall, Monogv. Capit.?. 136,pi.50.fig. 1 (1871); 
Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 55; Sharpe fy Mourner, Bull. Soc. Zool. 
France, i. p. 311 (1876) ; Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. (2) ii. Bull. 
p. 127 (1879). 
Megakema atroflava, Bilttik. Xotcs Leyd. Mus. x. p. Go (1888). 
CAPII0NIDJ3, 

Adult male. Glossy blue-black; lesser wing-coverts like the back, 
the median series broadly tipped with yellow, forming a band; 
greater coverts and secondaries black, narrowly edged with yellow 
on the outer web; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and primaries 
entirely black ; lower back with a large patch of scarlet which hides 
the black upper tail-coverts; tail-feathers black, narrowly fringed 
with yellow ; head like the back; sides of face and ear-cuverts also 
blue-black, with the following markings: above the eye a narrow 
streak of yellow; behind the eye another streak of the same colour, 
skirting the ear-coverts; a broad streak of yellowish white runs 
from the base of the nostrils to below the eye; below the ear-
coverts a streak of bright yellow along the cheeks followed by a very 
distinct malar band of black; under surface of the body dull 
greenish yellow ; under wing-coverts and axillaries yellowish white; 
quills dusky blackish below, yellowish buff along the inner webs: 
" bill black; legs grey; iris black " (J. Buttilcofer). Total length 
4*5 inches, culmen 0*55, wing 2*45, tail 1*2, tarsus 0*6. 

Young. Only differs from the adults in being much duller in 
colour, and in having the black of the upper parts washed with 
yellow and the scarlet of the lower back much duller. 
Hah. West Africa, from Liberia to the Congo. 

a. Juv. sk. Fantee (H. T. Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
b. Juv. sk. Yancoomassie, Gold Coast (U. F. Shelley Coll. 
BUssett). 
c. Ad. sk. Gaboon. Sharpe Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Gaboon. Shelley Coll. 
e. d ad. sk. Landana, Congo (Dr. Lucan). Shelley Coll. 

9. Barbatula bilineata. (Plate III.fig. 2.) 
Megalsema bilmeata, Smidev. (Efv. K. Vet.-Akad. Stockk. 1850. 
p. 109. 
Megalaima bilineata, 
Qqffln, Mus. Bays-Bas, Buccones, p. 43 (1863); 
Laya,rd, B. S. Afr. p. 234 (1867); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 

p. 15 (1808); id. Hand-l. B. ii. p.' 176, no. 8472 (1870). 
Barbatula bilineata, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 125, pi. 50. fig. 2 
(1870) ; Sharpe, ed. Laijards B. & Afr. p. 176 (1884); W. At/res. 
Ibis, 1887, p. 52. 

Adult female. Similar to B. leucolosmrt^ but much more of a 
greenish-black colour, and further distinguished by the lower back 
being orange instead of sulphur-yellow: " bill black: legs ashcolour" 
(W. Ayres). Total length 3*7 inches, culmen 0*55, wing 
2*1, tail 1*1, tarsus 0*65. 

Hab. South-east 
Africa. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. Olifants River, N.E. Transvaal, J. H. Gurney, Esq. 
July 27 (T. Ayres). [P.]. 
8 . BARBATUIA. 
45 

10. Barbatula chrysopyga. (Plate III. fig. 1.) 
Barbatula leucolsema (nee Terr.), Sharpe, Ibis, 18G9, p. 193. 
Xylobucco subaulpliurea {nee Fras.), Shelley 8/ Buckley, Ibis, 1872, 

p. 287. 
Megalsema subsulphurea (nee Fras.). ButtiJc. Notes Lei/dm Mus. x. 
p. 94 (1888). J 
Barbatula chrysopyga, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 477, 
Adult female. Similar to B. leucolcema, but differs in being 
rather more greenish black above, and in having the rump and 
edges of the wing-coverts and quills orange. It is therefore very 
like B. bilineata, but the latter has the edges of the coverts and quills 
sulphur-yellow. Total length 3-3 inches, culmen 0-45, wing 1-85, 
tail 1*05, tarsus 1. 

Young. Coloured like the adult, but much more dusky, the upper 
surface washed with olive, the eyebrow and cheek-stripe somewhat 
tinged with yellow ; the bill pale horny ; the under surface greenish 
yellow, the throat ashy white. 

Hab. "West Africa, from Liberia to the Gold Coast. 

a-d. Ad. ;
Juv. sk. 
e. Fantee (Aubinn). Sharpe Coll. 
/ , g. Ad. sk.
h. $ ad. sk.
i. $ ad. sk. 
Fantee (H. T. Ussher). 
Abouri, Aguapim, Feb. 22 (G. E. S.\ 
Abouri, Feb. 20 (T. Buckley). 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

11. Barbatula leucolsema. 
Barbatula leucolsema, J. $ E. Verr. JReu. et Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 265. 
Barbatula leucolsema, Strickl. Contr. Orn. 1851, p. 135; Bp. Consp. 
Vol Zyg. p. 12 (1854) ; Earth Orn. W.-Afr. p. 173 (1857) ; Verr. 


F.Z.S. 1859, p. 398; Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 129, pi. 51. 
fig. 2 (1871, fig. inace.) ; Shelley, P Z. S. 1888, p. 42. 
Megalaima 
leucolaima, Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buceones, p. 46 
(1863) ; Gray, List Capit. Brit Mus. p. 15 (1868) ; id. Eand4. 

B. ii. p. 176, no. 8468 (1870); BiittiJc. Notes Leyden Mus. vii. 
p. 216 (1885), viii. p. 263 (1886). 
Barbatula subsulphurea (nee Fras.), Sharpe fy Bouvier, Bull. Soc. 
Zool France, iii. p. 78 (1878): Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 539 (1881); 
Nicholson, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 131. 

Megalsema bilineata, Ueichen. J.f. 0.1877, p. 17 (nee Sundev.). 
? Barbatula leueolaema, Bohm, J.f.O. 1883, p. 167. 

Adult. General colour above glossy blue-black, including the 
upper tail-coverts; rump bright yellow; lesser wing-coverts like 
the back; median and greater coverts, quills, and tail-feathers 
black, edged with bright yellow; the bastard-wing, primary-coverts, 
and primaries black, without any yellow margins; crown of head 
like the back; a broad line of white extending from the nostrils 
along the cheeks; feathers round the eye and ear-coverts black, 
surmounted by a broad superciliary band of white, extending from 
above the eye to the sides of the nape ; a broad malar line of black; 

CAPITONID.S. 

throat and fore neck ashy white; breast pale sulphur-yellow, duller 
and more ashy on the sides of the body, thighs, and under tail-
coverts ; under wing-coverts, axillaries, and quill-lining white, with 
a slight tinge of yellow: " bill black; feet and iris dusky brown " 
(Emin Pasha). Total length 3*7 inches, culmen 045, wing 2*05, 
tail 1, tarsus 0-55. 

Young. Similarly coloured to the adult, but much more dusky, 
being sooty black above, with only a slight wash of glossy blue, all 
the yellow markings much paler than in the adult; under surface 
as in the adult, but more dingy and with the throat more ashy; 
" bill black, pale horny at the basal part of the maxilla and on the 
lower mandible ; feet lead-colour ; iris umber-brown" (Emin 
Pasha). 

Hob. West Africa from Senegambia to the Congo, and across to 
Equatorial Africa and probably to Zanzibar. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk.
e. Ad. sk. 
« 
River Gambia. 
Casamance. 
Sierra Leone. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. W. Africa. M. J. Verreaux. 
e. Ad. sk. Ashantee. J. Gould. 
/ . Ad. sk.
'g. Ad. sk.
h,i. Ad. sk.
k, I Ad sk. 
Cape Coast Castle. 
Fantee (Aubinn). 
Accra (Haynes). 
Abeokuta. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
F. Nicholson, Esq. 
m. $ ad. sk. Landana, Congo (L. Petit).
PVIShelley 
CoU. 
n, o,p. <S ad.; Tomaja, Equatorial Africa, Emin Pasha [P.]. 
frr.d $ juv.sk. Aug. 

12. Barbatula subsulphurea *. 
Bucco subsulphurea, Eraser, P.Z.S. 1843, p. 3; Allen fy Thomps. 

Exped. Niger, ii. p. 404 (1848); Eraser, Zool. Typ. p. 52 (1849). 
Capito ? subsulphureus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846). 
Trachyphonus subsulphureus, JBp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850); id. Consp. 

Vol. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 
Barbatula flavimentum, J. fy E. Verr. Bev. et Mag. Zool. 1851, 

p. 264. 
Barbatula subsulphurea, StricJd. Contr. Orn. 1851, p. 35 * Marti J. 
f. O. 1854, p. 195; id. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 172 (pt,); Verr. P. Z.S. 
1859, p. 398 ; Cass. Proc. Acad. Phitad. 1859, p. 140 ; Hartl. J.f. 
O.1861, p. 202 j Sharpe, Cat Afr. B. p. 16 (1871, pt). 
* Closely allied to this species must be 
BARBATULA FISCHEEI. 

Barbatulafischeri,Betoken. Orn. Centralhl. 1880, p. 181: Fischer. J f O 
1885, p. 125. J 

Very similar to JB. bilineata, but smaller and with the white eye-stripe washed 

with pale sulphur-yellow. Total length 3*4 inches, wing % tail 1*15, culmen 

0-45 (Beicheww). 
Hob. Zanzibar district of Eastern Africa. 

8 . BAKBATTTLA. 
47 

Megalaima subsulphurea, Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bos, Buccones, p. 44 
(1863); Gray, List Capit Brit Mus. p. 15 (1868); id. Hand4.B. 

ii. p. 176, no! 8409 (1870). 
Adult. Similar to B. leucolcema, but with brighter sulphur-yellow 
on the rump and margins of the wing-coverts and quills. It is, 
however, easily distinguished by the yellow eyebrow and facial 
stripe ; the under surface is pale sulphur-yellow, washed with ashy, 
the throat itself being bright sulphur-yellow like the eyebrow and 
band below the eye. Total length 3*4 inches, culmen 0*5, wing 
1-95, tail 0-85, tarsus 0-55. 

Young. Similar to the adult, but more dingy in colour, and easily 
recognized by its paler and more horny bill. 
Eab. West Africa, from the Yolta River to the Gaboon. 

a. Ad. sk. Rive? Volta (JET. T. Ussher). Sliarpe Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Gaboon. Sliarpe Coll. 
c.Ad.sk. Gaboon (DuChaillu). Tweeddale Coll. 
d. Juv. sk. Gaboon {DuChaillu). Sharpe Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Ogowe* River, Gaboon (A. Marche). Shelley Coll. 

13. Barbatula scolopacea. 
Bucco scolopacea, Temm. Mus. Lugd. 
Xylobucco scolopacea, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 141 (1850); Marti. J. f. 


O. 1854, p. 195; Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 397 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, 
p. 70; id. Cat Afr. B. p. 15 (1871) ; Marshall, Monogr. Capit 
p. 115, pi. 47 (1871); Shelley $ Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 287; 
Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 55; Sharpe §• Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool. 
France, 1876, p. 311; Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. (2) ii. Bull. p. 64 
(1879) ; Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 108 (1881). 
Bucco stellatus, Jardine 8c Fraser, Contr. Orn. 1851, p. 155. 
Barbatula flavisquamata, Verr. J.f. 0. 1855, p. 101. 
Barbatula (Xylobucco) scolopacea, Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr, p. 174 

Barbatula scolopacea, Cassin, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1859, p. 140. 
Megalaima scolopacea, Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 47 
(3868); Gray, List Capit Brit Mus. p. 15 (1868); id. Hand-l 

B. ii. p. 176, no. 8473 (1870) ; Bilttik. Notes Leyden Mus. vii. 
p. 217, viii. p. 263 (1886), x. p. 95 (1888). 
Megalaima stellata, Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 16 (1868); id. 
Sand-l B. ii. p. 176, no. 8474 (1870). 
Megalsema scolopacea, Reichen. J.f. 0.1875, p. 8. 
Lignobucco consobrinus, Reichen. J.f. 0. 1887, p. 309. 

Adult. Blackish brown above, all the feathers distinctly edged 
with bright olive-yellow, less plainly on the lower back and rump, 
which are rather more dusky; quills and tail-feathers dark brown, 
edged with olive-yellow; sides of the face like the upper surface 
and similarly margined with yellow ; cheeks and throat ashy 
whitish, gradually shading into the olive-yellow of the breast and 
abdomen ; the sides of the body mottled with dusky spots and bars ; 
under wing-coverts and axillaries white, tipped with yellow : " bill 

CAPIT0NID2E. 

black; feet greyish green ; iris pale yellow " (J. Buttihofer). Total 
length 4-2 inches, culmen 0*65, wing 2'2, tail 1*05, tarsus 0*65. 
Young. Duller than the adults and more olive-green, with a 
greyish throat and the breast mottled with blackish spots. 
Bob. West Africa, from Senegambia to the Gaboon. 

a. Ad. sk. Ashantee. Gould Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Sweet River, Fantee, D(H. T. Ussher). 
ec. 80 Sharpe Coll. 
c~f. Ad.sk.
g. Ad. sk. 
Fantee (H. T. Ussher). 
Wasa Province, Gold(H. F. Blissett). 
Coast 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
h, i. Ad. sk.
h, I. Ad. sk.
m. Juv. sk.
n. Ad. sk.
o. Ad. sk. 
Denkeia (B. T. Ussher). 
Abouri, Aguapini, Feb. 2E. 8.). 
Clarence River, Fernand 
Gaboon (DuChailki). 
Gaboon.
0 (G.
o Po. 
Shellev Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
L. Fraser, Esq. [C I 
{Type of B.stelfotus!) 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

9. STACTOL-ffiMA. 
Type. 
Stactolema, Marshall, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 118 S. anchiette. 

Range. Confined to Tropical Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Forehead and throat yellow anchietce, p. 48. 
b. Forehead and throat olive-green like the body ... . olivaceum, p. 49. 
1. Stactolsema anchietse. 
Buccanodon anchietae, Bocage, P. Z. S. 1869, p. 436; pi. 29 ; id. Jom. 

Lisb. viii. p. 348 (1870). 
Stactolsema anchietse, Marsh. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 118, fig. 1; ud. 
Monogr. Capit. p. 181, pi. 73 (1871); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 110 
(1881); Sharpe, ed. Laijard'sB. S. Afr. p. 179 (1881); Souza, 
Jom. Lisb. 1886, p. 159. 

Megalaima anchietae, Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 175, no. 8465 (1870). 

Adult male. General colour above brown; wings blackish brown, 
the quills with hoary whitish margins ; centre tail-feathers ashy 
grey, the remainder dusky, externally ashy grey; forehead and 
occiput pale sulphur-yellow, the hinder crown and sides of the neck 
blackish with sulphur-yellow tips to the feathers ; hind neck 
blackish; feathers above and below the eye and ear-coverts hoary 
white; throat sulphur-yellow; remainder of under surface of body 
brown, the lower abdomen, under tail-coverts, under wing-coverts, 
and axillaries whitish ; quills dusky below, whitish along the inner 
web: " bill and feet black ; iris reddish brown " (Anchieta). Total 
length 7 inches, culmen 0*8, wing 3*7, tail 2*1, tarsus 0*85. 

10 . CALOKHAMPHUS. 
49 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 6*8 inches, 
culmen 075, wing 3-6, tail 1*95, tarsus 0*8. 
Hab. Benguela. 

a, b. $ 5 ad. sk. Caconda, Benguela, April, Shelley Coll. 
July (J. Anchieta). 
c, d. S 2 ad. sk. Caconda (J. Anchieta). Lisbon Museum [P.}. 

e. cJ ad. sk. Caconda, Jan. (J. Anchieta). Sharpe Coll, 
2. Stactolsema olivaceum *. 
Barbatula 
olivacea, Shelley, Ibis, 1880, p. 334, pi. 7: id. P. Z. S. 
1881, p. 593. 
Stactolsema olivaceum, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 477. 

Adult General plumage olive-green; forehead and crown dusky 
black, shading into olive-green on the occiput and nape; quills dark 
brown, with broad olive edges to their outer webs, increasing in 
extent from the third primary; the two outer primaries not edged 
with olive; both webs of the inner secondaries olive-green; a part 
of the inner margins of the quills buff; upper surface of the tail 
olive-green, with dark brown shafts ; under surface of the tail ashy 
olive, with pale brown shafts; entire under surface of the body 
olive, paler than the back; sides of the head and the upper throat 
of a dusky shade, becoming almost black on the chin and in front 
of the eyes; under surface of the wings dark brown, with the 
coverts and portion of the inner webs of the quills buff; bill and 
claws black; legs brownish black. Total length 6-3 inches, culmen 
0-7, wing 3-35, tail 2-1, tarsus 0-9. 

Hal. Eastern Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. Kabbai, near Mombasa (Rev. J. Wake- Shelley Coll. 
field). (Typo of species.) 
10. CALOKHAMPHUS. ™ 
Type. 
Calorhamphus, Less. Rev. Zool 1839, p. 139 (May) C. hayi, 
Megalorhynchus, Ryton, P. Z. S.1839, p. 106 C. hayi. 

Range. Prom Southern Tenasserim down the Malay Peninsula to 
Sumatra and Borneo. 

* I fancy that the following species, which I have never seen, must be closely 
allied to my S. olivaceum:— 
STACTOL^EMA SIMPLEX. 

Barbatula simplex, Fischer $ Reichmi. J.f.O. 1884, p. 180; Fischer, 
Zeitschr.ges. Orn. i. p. 371 (1884); id. J.f. 0.1885, p. 124. 

Upper parts olive-green; rump citron-yellow; under surface greenish grey; 
wings and tail-feathers black, with greenish yellow on the outer webs; the 
quills with bufly white inner webs; under wing-coverts white; bill brownish 
black, the base buff; feet black; iris brown. Length 4*2 inches, wing 2*05, 
tail 1*2, culmen 0'4. (Fischer 4" Reichenow.) 

Rah. Eastern Africa. 

YOL. XIX. 
E 

CAPITOK"ID^. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throat only slightly tinted with, red hayi, p. 50. 
b. Throat fiery brick-red fuliginosus, p. 51. 
1. Calorhamphus hayi. 
Bucco lathami {nee Gm.), Haffl. Trans. Lhm, Soc. xiii. p. 284 

(1820). 

Bucco hayi, J. E. Grmj, Zool Misc. p. 33 (1882). 

Calorhamphus sanguinolentus, Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 139. 

Megalorhynchus spinosus, Byton, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 10(3. 

Megalorhynchus lathami (nee Gm.), Blyth, J. A. S. B. xi. p. 202 

(1842). 

Calorhamphus lathami (nee Gm.), Blyth, J. A. S. B. xv. p. 13 

(1846); Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 179, pi. 72 (1870); Gray, 

Band-l. B. ii. p. 176, no. 8479 (1870). 

Megalorhynchus hayi, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 431 (1846) ; Blyth, Cat. 

B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 69 (1849); Horsf. § Moore, Cat B. Mus. 
B. L Co. ii. p. 048 (1850); Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 455; Stoliezka, 
J. A. S. B. xxxix. p. 282 (1870}; Walden, Ibis, 1871, p. 163. 
Psilopns hayi, Bonajo. Consp. Av. i. p. 141 (1850). 
Calorhamphus hayi, Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 19 (1868); 
Hume, Str. F. 1875, p. 319; JELvme $ Davison, Str. F. 1878, pt. 1, 

p. 149; Hume, Str. F. 1879, pp. 53, 88; Oates, Handb. B. Brit. 
Burm. ii. p. 138 (1883); Sharpe, B. Z. S. 1888, p. 281. 
Calorhamphus fuliginosus (nee Temm.), Buttik. Rotes Leyden Mus. 

ix. p. 16 (1887). 
Adult male. General colour above dark brown, with, margins of 
olive-y.ellow to the dorsal feathers, more distinct on the rump and 
upper tail-coverts ; wing-coverts and quills dark brown, with 
scarcely any indication of olive margins; tail-feathers dark brown ; 
crown of head darker brown than the back, with glossy black shaft-
lines ; lores, sides of face, ear-coverts, and cheeks brown, slightly 
washed with brick-red; throat pale reddish brown; fore neck and 
remainder of the under surface of body yellowish white, clearer 
yellow on the centre of the breast and abdomen ; sides of the body 
browner, the feathers of the flanks edged broadly with olive-brown ; 
thighs yellowish white, tipped with olive-brown; under tail-coverts 
and under wing-coverts white, washed with yellow ; edge of wing 
brown ; quills below dusky brown, yellowibh ashy along the inner 
edge: *4bill black; feet orange; lores black; iris dull red5? (W. 
Davison). Total length 6-5 inches, culmen 0-95, wing 3*2, tail 1*85, 
tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male, but differs in the 
pale colour of the bill: " bill dirty ochreous brown, tip of lower and 
edges of upper mandible blackish " (W. Davison). Total length 
6*4 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 3*1, tail 1*9, tarsus 0*8. 

Young. Resembles the adult, but has less rufous on the face 
and throat; the bill pale horn-brown in the skin. 
Bab. From Southern Tenasserim throughout the Malay Peninsula 
to Sumatra. 

10. CALORHAMPUUS. 
a, b. (S ad.; c, Bankasoon, R. Tenasserim, Hume Coll. 

d. $ ad. sk. April, June (W. Davison). 
e. $ ad. sk. Batu Patch, Perak. L. Wray, Esq. [P.]. 
f-l <$ ad. et juv.; Klang, Feb. to April, July, Hume Coll. 
Aug., Nov. ( W. Davison).
juv. sk. 


t. Ad.sk. Malacca. Eyton 
Coll. (Type 
of M. spinosus.) 
w, i'. c? $ ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Cantor). India Muse am. 


w. S ad. sk. Malacca (A. JR. Wallace). Gould Coll. 
a\ c? ad. sk. Malacca. Wallace Coll. 
y, z, a'. £ ad.; Malacca, July, Aug-., Sept. Hume Coll. 
b', c\ d'. $ (W. Davison). 

ad. sk. 

e'. tf ad.; f, g'. Nealys, 31 miles from Malacca, Hume Coll. 

? ad. sk. Oct. (W. Davison). 

ti, i'. (S $ ad.sk. Palo Seban, Malacca, Oct., Hume Coll. 
Nov. (W. Davison). 
k'-o'. S ad.• p'~ Johore, July to Sept. (W. Hume Coll. 

$'. $ ad. sk. Davison). 
t', u\ S $ ad. sk. Siedjoendjonng, Sumatra, Tweeddale Coll. 
Oct. (Carl Bock). 

2. Calorliamphus fuliginosus. 
Micropogon fuliginosus, Temm. PL Col. iii. livr. 83 (1830). 

Bucco fuliginobiis, Low, Sarawak, p. 411 (1848). 

MegalorhyncJius sanguinolentus, ScL P. Z. S. 1803, p. 210. 

Calorhamphus fuliginosus, Gqffin, Mm. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 73, 

pt. (1863); Gray, Hand-l. JB. ii. p. 170, no. 8480 (1870); Mar


shall, Monogr. Capit. p. 177, pi. 71 (1871); Salvad. Ucc. Bom. 

p. 39 (1874) j Sharpe. Ibis, 1879, p. 240 ; id. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 792 j 
«&i&M,1890,p.6. 
Adult male. Similar to C. hayi, but much, darker brown and 
having the rufous on the face more pronounced, especially on the 
throat, where it is brick-red or dull vermilion, extending on to the 
centre of the breast: " iris brownish ochre ; bill black; legs coral-
red " (A. Everett). Total length 6 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 3*3. 
tail 1-85, tarsus 0-8. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with a pale horny-white 
bill, the throat dull brick-red, not quite so deep as in the male. 
Total length 5-3 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 3-15, tail 1-6, tarsus 
0*85. 

Rob. Borneo* Its occurrence in Sumatra is doubtful, for though 
Dr. Biittikofer states that he has seen specimens from the latter 
island which were identical with Bornean examples, this is opposed 
to the evidence afforded by the Museum series; it is possible for a 
dull-coloured specimen of C. fuliginosus to approach C. hayi in 
appearance, but as a rule these two species are easily separable. 

a. $ ad. sk. Sarawak. 
Wallace Coll. 
b. S 
«-d. sk. Sarawak (A. JR. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
E2 
 CAPITONHLE. 

c. Ad. sk. Sarawak. 
Rajah Brooke [P.], 
d. <5 ad. sk. Sarawak, Sept. 20 {A. Everett). Hume Coll. 
e. J 
ad. sk. Tagora, Sarawak. H. Everett, Esq. 
[P.]. 
/. 
<$ ad. sk. Gimong Trahu, June (A, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Everett). 

g. $ 
ad. sk. Matang, Sarawak, May (A. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett). 
h. Imm. sk. Lumbidan (Sir H. Low). Tweeddale Coll. 
i. c^imm.sk. LawasKiver. 
J. Whitehead, Esq. 
h. 
cTiuv.sk. Binkoka,Northern Borneo. J- Whitehead, Esq. 
°J 
[P.]. 

I. Ad. sk. [Sumatra.] 
Eyton CoU. 
11. MEGAL33MA. Tjp a 
Megalaima, Gray, List Gen. B. App. p. 12 (1842) . M. marshallorum. 
Range. Prom the Himalayas to Tenasserim, and thence to 
Southern China. 


Key to the Species. 

a. 
Wing-coverts washed with maroon ; head 
green wrens, p. 52. 
b. 
Wing-coverts green, not washed with maroon ; 
head blue marshallorum, p. 53. 
L Megalaema virens. 

Grand Barbu de la Chine, &Anient. PI. Enl vii. fol. 871. 

Grand Barbu, Buff. Mist. Nat. Ois. vii. 1780, p. 106; Levaill. Ois. de 

Farad. Barbus, ii. 1806, p. 55, pi. 20. 

Grand Barbet, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, 1783, p. 503. 

Bucco virens, Bodd. Tail. PI. Enl 1783, p. 53. 

Bucco grandis, Gm. S. N. i. 1788, p. 408; Temm. PI. Col. Tail. 

Meth. 1836, p. 55; Bp. Consp. i. 1850, p. 143. 

Capito grandis, Vieill. N. Diet. dHist. Nat. iv. 1816, p. 499. 

Megalaima virens, Gray, Gen. B. ii. 1846, p. 429. 

Megalaema virens, Swinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 411 ; id. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 269, 

1871, p. 391; Hume, Str. F. 1874, p. 472; David $ Oust. Ois. 

Chine, 1877, p. 56; Hume $ Davison, Str. F. vi. 1878, p. 150 ; 

Hume, Str. F. ix. 1879, p. 88; Bingham, t. c. p. 473, x. 1880, 

p. 166; Oates, Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. 1883, p. 130; Sty an, 
Ibis, 1887, p. 230. 
Megalsema 
marshallorum (nee Swinh,), BIyth § Walden, B. Burm. 
1875, p. 73, pt.; Wardlaio Bamsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 457; Oates, 
Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. 1883, p. 129. 

Adult male. Similar to M. marshallorum, but with the head and 
throat verditer-blue, inclining to greenish ; a maroon shade on the 
median wing-coverts, and with no yellow on the hind neck, the 
latter having only a few verditer-blue shaft-lines : " bill and gape 

11 . MEGALJEMA. 
53 

wax-yellow, the former white at tip of lower mandible, dark horny 
to the end of the upper mandible; legs and feet dirty sap-green, 
claws horny ; iris dark brown'7 (0. T. Bingham). Total length 13 
inches, culmen 1*65, wing 5*5, tail 3*7, tarsus 1*3. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 11*2 inches, 
culmen 1*8, wing 6'6, tail 3*6, tarsus 1*35. 

The specimens from the Karen Hills show little or no appearance 
of streaks on the hind neck. Birds from the Tonghoo Hills havo 
some narrow yellow streaks on this part, and the Tenasserim ones 
are rather distinctly streaked with yellow or green. 

Hah. Hills of Southern China, extending into the Burmese and 
Tenasserim Hills. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Karen Hills (22. G. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. Karen Hills, Jan. 9 (22. G. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Karen Hills, Aug. (22. G. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 
e,f. $ ad. sk. Tonghoo Hills, April (22. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. 22.). 
g. J ad. sk. Near Kollidoo, Feb. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
A, i. <S $ ad. sk. Kyouknyat, Jan. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
k. J ad.sk. Thoungyeen River, Nov. 27 (C Hume Coll. 
T. Bingham). 
1. $ ad. sk. Myawadee, Jan. 17 (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
m. $ ad. sk. Foochow, China (22. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll. 
n. Jad.sk. Tingehow, Dec. (22. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll. 
2. lilegalsema marshallorum. 
? Le Grand Barbu, Levaill. Ois. oVAfr. i. 1806, p. 55, pi. 20. 
Bucco grandis, Gould, Cent. Himal. B. 1832, pi. 46. 
Megalaima grandis, Gray, List Gen. "8. App. 1842, p. 12; IIume}

Nests Sr Eggs Ind. B. 1873, p. 128. 
Megalaima virens (nee Bodd.), Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. 1849, 

p. 66; Ilorsf. Sf Moore, Cat. B. Mus. JEJ. Co. ii. 1856, p. 636; 
Moore, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 475; Jerd. B. Ind. i. 1862, p. 308; Gof-
Jin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, 1863, p. 13; Gray, List Capit. Brit. 
Mus. 1868, p. 5 ; id. JZand-l B. ii. 1870, p. 173, no. 8422. 
Megalsema virens (nee Bodd), Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 229; Beavan, Ibis, 
1865, p. 411; Tytler, Ibis, 1868, p. 201; Pelz. t. c. p. 320 ; Beavan, 
Ibis, 1869, p. 415; Marshall, Munogr. Capit. p. 33, pi. 16; Salvin, 
Cat. StricJd. Coll. 1882, p. 445. 

Megalsema 
marshallorum, Swinh. Ann. Sf Mag. Nat Hist (4) vi. 
1870, p. 348; Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 11; Cock $ Marshall, Str. F. 
1873, p. 350 ; Brooks, Str. F. 1875, p. 232; Hume, Str. F. 1879, 

p. 88; Scully, t c. p. 250 ; Marshall, Ibis, 1884, p. 410; JReid, Cat. 
Lucknotv Mus. 1886, p. 36; Hume, Str. F. si. 1888, p. 06. 
Adult male. General colour above brown with a ruddy tinge; 
scapulars like the back; lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts 
grass-green, with paler green edges; wing-coverts like the back, 
those round the edges of the wing green or greenish blue, pale 
greenish towards the base; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and 

CAPITONID-aB. 

quills blackish, externally blue, the secondaries greener externally, 
the innermost bright bluish green, with a broad ending of orange-
brown ; tail-feathers green above, bluish below ; crown of head deep 
blue, with a faintly-indicated shaft-stripe of lighter blue, more 
distinct on the nape; hind neck sulphur-yellow, streaked with paler 
yellow on the centre; lores, sides ot the face, and ear-coverts black, 
washed with deep blue; cheeks and throat deep blue, the lower 
throat dark brown; sides of neck like the back; fore neck dark 
brown washed with greenish blue; centre of breast and abdomen 
Prussian blue, the latter streaked with yellow; sides of the body 
and flanks streaked, the sides of the breast orange-brown with 
yellow edges to the feathers; the flanks green with greenish-yellow 
edges; thighs dusky brown, washed with yellow : under tail-coverts 
scarlet; under wing-coverts pale yellowish; edges of wing green ; 
quills below dusky, pale yellow along the inner edge: " biH pale 
yellow, bluer at the tip of the upper mandible; legs and feet 
greenish grey " (A. 0. Hume, MSS.): •* bill horny greenish towards 
the tip ; culmen from nares bluish black, darkest towards the tip ; 
feet dingy horn-green ; claws black ; iris dark brown " (J. tscully). 

Young. Similar to the adult, but with the colours everywhere 
more dingy, with only a few yellowish streaks on the hinder neck ; 
the head and throat blackish washed with blue, with a few streaks 
of bright cobalt on the sides of the lower throat. 

Specimens from the North-western Himalayas are paler in colour 
than those from Sikhini and the Eastern Himalayas, and the Mauipur 
birds show a slight affinity to 11. virens in their dark colouring and 
smaller amount of sulphur-yellow on the hind neck: the Manipur 
specimens, however, have the deep blue head of the Himalayan bird, 
and although the yellow streaks on the hind neck are somewhat 
tinged with green, there are many Himalayan specimens which 
exhibit this peculiarity. 

Hob, Himalayas from Cashmere to Manipur. 

a. Juv. sk. India. II. Drummond, Esq. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Cashmere. E/M . Langworthy, 
Esq. [P.]. 
d, e. Ad.sk. Cashmere (Dr. Belleic). India. Museum. 
/. d ad. sk. Dhurmsala, May 1870 ( W. E. Hume Coll. 
Brooks). 

g. Ad. sk. Kotekhaie, Feb. 20. Hume Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Kotegurh. Hume Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Simla, March (Dr. Scott). Tweeddale Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Simla, May 8 (22. C. Beavcrn). Tweeddale Coll. 
I. 2 ad. sk. Simla, July (R. C. Beavari). Tweeddale Coll. 
m, n. <$ $ ad. sk. Simla, Sept. 10. Hume ColL 
o-r. Ad. sk. Hills north of Mussooree. Hume ColL 
s. Ad. sk. Hani Khet, July 12. Hume Coll. 
t ~w. Ad. sk. Almorah,' Oct. Hume ColL 
.r. y. Ad.; z. Nairn Tal. Pixrwill ColL 
Juv. sk. 
a'. Ad. sk. Kumaon {titrachey), India Muteum. 

b'~ef. Ad. j /.

Juv. sk. 
g\ h'. Ad. sk.
»'. $ ad. sk.

k'-r'. Ad. sk.

s'. $ juv. sk.
t'-v'. Ad. sk.
to'. Ad.; x'. Var.

sk. 
y'> $ ad.; z'.
Ad. sk. 

a. Ad. sk.
/3, y, 6\ Ad. sk.
€. Ad.sk.
C V' d ? ad. sk.

6, i. S ad. sk.

*, X. <$ $ ad. sk.

12 . 
CHOTOEHEA. 
Nepal.

 Nepal (B. IT. Hodgson). 
Nepal Valley, May 21 (/.

Scully), 

 Sikhim, Jan., Feb., March,

May, Nov. (L. Mandelli). 
Darjeelmg (Pearson). 
Darjeeling, Feb., March. 
Mongphoo, March.

 Bhotan (Pemberton).

 Assam.

 55 

 Hodgson Coll. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

 India Museum. 

 Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

 India Museum. 

 Tweeddale Coll. 

 Shillong, Aug., Oct. (J. Code- Hume Coll. 

burn), 
Khasia Hills (Griffith).

 N. Khasia Hills, March, April
(A. W. Chennell). 
Aimole, Manipur, April (A.
0. II.). 
Manipur, May (A. O. H.).
12. CHOTO&EEA. 
Chotorhea, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 12 (1851)
Range. Throughout} the Malayan Peninsula

and Borneo. 

Key to the Species. 

a. With no yellow on cheeks ; throat dark brown; 
no red or blue on head or face, which are brown 
like the throat
b. With yellow on cheeks. 
a'. Throat dark crimson, lower throat black with 
a crimson spot on each side,* head straw-
yellowb'. Throat ashy brown, becoming pale cobalt towards 
the fore neck; hinder crown scarlet, 
mottled with blue. 
a". Forehead brownish whiteb". Forehead bright yellow like the cheeks ..

c'. 
Throat deep blue, as also the fore part of 
cheeks; hinder cheeks deep golden yellow j 
ear-coverts black; eyebrow blue ; crown 
crimson

 India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

Type. 

 0. javensis. 
to Java, Sumatra, 
corvina, p. 56. 

javensis, p. 56. 

chrysopogoti, p. 57. 
chrysopsis, p. 59. 

versicolor, p. 59. 

CAPITOWID^I. 

1. Chotorhea corvina. 
Bucco corvinus, Temm. PL Col iii. pi. 522 (1831, ex Beinw.) ; JSartl 
Bev. Zool. 1842, p. 337. 
Megalaima corvina, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 144 (1850); Qoffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 30 (1863, pt.); 
Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 12 (1868) ,* id. Kand-l. B. ii. p. 175, 
no. 8454 (1870). 
Megalaema corvina, 
Bp. Consp. Vol Zygod. 1854, p. 12; Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit p. 49, pi. 23 (1871) ; Salvin, Cat. Siricld. Coll 

p. 446 (1882); Nicholson, Ibis, 1881, p. 142. 
Chotorea corvina, Vorderm. Tijdschr. Nederl. Ind. xlv. p. 320 
(1885). 
Adult male. Grass-green, with, a slight shade of blue on a few 
of the feathers of the upper parts : wing-coverts like the back, quills 
blackish, externally grass-green, with a slight blue shade on the 
outer web of some of them, the primaries yellowish towards the 
ends of the outer web; tail green, also shaded with blue; head 
brown, rather hoary in appearance and with a golden gloss, the 
hind neck golden yellow forming a collar ; lores, sides of face, and 
throat dark brown, with a slight golden gloss, especially on the side 
of the fore neck; remainder of the under surface from the fore neck 
downwards dull emerald-green, with more or less of a bluish, wash; 
under wing-coverts and quill-lining pale brown : " bill black, leadcolour 
at base; feet lead-colour with an ochre-yellow tint, claws 
dark horn-colour; iris vandyke-brown; skin of eye black" (Vorderman). 
Total length 10*3 inches, culmen 1*6, wing 4*8, tail 3*2, 
tarsus 1*2. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 10*5 
inches, culmen 1*45, wing 4*8, tail 3*3, tarsus 1*25. 
Hah. Java. 

a. Ad. sk. Java. Ley den Museum [P.]. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Java. Tweeddale Coll. 
d,e. <$ 5 ad. sk, Java (Mus. LugdJ). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f. Ad. sk. W. Java (A. B. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
>, Ad. sk. W. Java (A. B. Wallace). Gould Coll. 
h. 
Ad. 5 t. $ W. Java. Wallace Coll. 
ad. sk. 
h. Skeleton. Java. 
Eyton Coll. 
2. Chotorhea javensis. 
Le Barbu Kotorea, Bevaill Ois. de Paradis, Barbus, Suppl. p. 42, 
fig. C (1806). 
Bucco javensis, Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 181 (1820): JSartl, 

Bev. Zool 1842, p. 337. 
Bucco kotorea, Temm. PI Col iii. texte Barbus (1831). 
Bucco tristis, JDrap. Diet. Class. JSist. Nat. ii. p. 195 (1822). 
Megalaima javensis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. Consp. L 

p. 143 (1850); Qoffin., Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 19 (1863); 
Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 5 (1868) ; id. JSand-l.B. ii.p 174, 
jio.8434(1870). 
Cliotorhea javensis, Bp. Consp. Valuer. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 

12 . CH0T0EHEA. 
57 

Megalaema javensis, Marshall, Monogr. Capit p. 43, pi. 20 (1871); 
Vorderm. Nat. Tijdsch. Nederl. Ind. xlvi. p. 70 (1886): Nicholson. 
Ibis, 1881, p. 142. 

Adult male. Grass-green, a few feathers with a bluish shade; 
wing-coverts blue like the back; quills blackish, externally like the 
back, the primaries yellowish towards the ends of the outer webs; 
tail green above, bluish beneath; crown of the head pale golden 
yellow; hind neck and sides of the neck dark green, also washed 
with golden yellow; lores with a scarlet spot, surmounted by a line 
of black, extending above the eye and widening above the ear-
coverts, the adjacent sides of the hinder crown and nape glossed 
with bright verditer-green; feathers below the eye black, extending 
downwards in a black band across the middle of the cheeks, the 
fore part of which is marked with a spot of bright yellow; hinder 
cheeks and ear-coverts emerald-green, glossed with golden yellow; 
throat deep crimson, the lower throat with a black spot; remainder 
of under surface of body light emerald-green, with a spot of scarlet 
on each side of the fore neck ; under wing-coverts yellowish isabelline; 
quiJls light brown below, yellow along the inner web : " bill 
black ; feet yellowish ; iris dark vandyke-brown " (Vorderman). 
Total length 10*2 inches, culmen 1*55, wing 4*35, tail 2*6, tarsus 1*1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the colours a trifle 
less bright. Total length 10 inches, culmen 1*5, wing 4*65, tail 

2-6, tarsus 1-1, 
Hah. Java. 
a. Ad. sk. Java. Purchased. 
b,c. Ad.; d Imm.
sk.
e. Ad. sk. 
Java (Horsfield). 
Java. 
India Museum. (Types 
of the species.) 
Tweeddale Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Java (Mus. Lugd.). Salvin-Goclman Coll. 
ff,h* <3 2 ad. sk. E. Java. Wallace Coll. 
i. $ ad, sk. E. Java (A. JR. Wallace). Gould Coll. 

3. Chotorhea chrysopogon. 
Bucco chrysopogon, 
Temm. PI Col. iii. 1824, p. 285; Cuv. Regne 
Aniw. i. 1829, p. 458, note. 
Megalaima chrysopogon, Gray, Gen. B. ii. 184G, p. 429; Bp. Consp. 

i. 1850, p. 143; Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 454; Goffin, Mus. Pays-
Bas, Buccones, 1863, p. 14; Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mm. 1868, 
p. 6; id. Hand-l B. ii. 1870, p. 173, no. 8433-, Sneilem. Midden-
Sumatra, Vog. 1888, p. 35. 
Chotorhea chrysopogon, Bp. Consp. Volucr. Zygod. 1854, p. 12; 
Mors/. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. B.I. Co. ii. 1856, p. 640 ; Salvad. 
Ann. Mus. Civic. Genov. xiv. 1879, p. 179. 

Megalsema chrysopogon, Scl. P. Z. S.1863, p. 206; Marshall, Monogr. 
Capit p. 39, pi. 18 (1871); Tioeedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 229; Hume, Str. 

F. 1879, p. 53; Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 389; Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, 
p. 58 ; Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. 1882, p. 446; BiUtik. Notes Leyden 
Mus. ix. 1887, p. 15. 
CAPII0OTD.1!. 

Cyanops chrysopogon, Stoliezka, J. A. S. B. xxsix. pt. 2, 1870, 

p. 287. 
Chotorea 
corvina (nee Temm.)} Beccari, Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. xiii. 
1878, p. 452. 

Adult male. General colour above green, the feathers edged with 
paler green; wing-coverts uniform grass-green ; bastard-wing, primary-
coverts, and quills blackish, externally green, the primaries 
yellowish towards the ends of the outer web* tail-feathers green ; 
crown of the head scarlet, mottled with subterminal spots of pale 
cobalt on the hinder crown, occiput, and nape* forehead and sinciput 
hoary white, forming a broad band; a large loral spot of bright 
scarlet* feathers below the eye whitish; ear-coverts brown • cheeks 
pale golden yellow forming a broad moustache; throat pale whity 
brown, the lower throat pale purplish cobalt, becoming bright cobalt 
on the fore neck; remainder of the under surface of the body pale 
emerald-green; under wing-coverts yellowish, washed with emerald-
green * quills below dusky, pale yellowish along the inner edge : 
" bill black; legs and feet glaucous green; iris pale buffy brown " 
("FT. Davison). Total length 10*5 inches, culmen 1-8, wing 4*7, 
tail 2-85, tarsus 1*25. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the colours a little 
duller. Total length 10*5 inches, culmen 1-75, wing 5*1, tail 2*9, 
tarsus 1*35. 

Young. Similar to adults, but with all the colours duller, the 
yellow moustache tinged with green. Prom a moulting specimen it 
would appear that the feathers of the frontal band, when first 
assumed, are yellowish, and they must therefore fade into hoary 
white with age. The new plumes on the throat itself also seem to 
be purplish cobalt at first, and it is probable that they soon bleach 
to the whitish colour of the adults. 

Bah. Malayan Peninsula and Sumatra. 

a. Ad. si. Penang. 
Gould Coll. 
h. 
tf ad. &k. Klang, Salangore, April 13 ( W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 
c. J ad. sk. Klang, Sept. 14 ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
d, e. c? $ ad. sk. Langhat, April ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Malacca. Wallace Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. Malacca. 
Pin will Coll. 
h, i. Ad.; k. JUT. Malacca (22. G. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. 

I. Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
m-o. 
Ad. • p. Malacca, July ( W. Danison). Hume Coll. 
Juv. sk. 

q. Ad. sk. Malacca, Sept. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
r. 
Ad. sk. Malacca, Aug. 3 (22. 67. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 
s. Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
t. Ad. sk. Sumatra. Old Coll. 
u-y. Ad.sk. Sumatra (Carl Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
z. 
$ ad.sk. Mt. Sago, Sumatra/Sept. {Carl Tweeddale ColL 
Bock), 
a', bf. Ad, sk. Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (E. C. Tweeddale ColL 
Buxton). 

12 . CHOTORHEA. 
59 

Subsp. a. Chotorhea chrysopsis, 
Bucco chrysopogon (nee Temm.), Loio, Sarawak, 1848, p. 411. 
Megalaima ckrysupsis, Gqffin, MILS. Pays-Bas, Buccones, 1863, p. 15; 

Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 1868. p. 6; id. Hand-l B. ii. 1870, 

p. 175, no. 84(32. ' 
Megaleema chrysopsis, Sclat. P. Z. S. 1803, p. 210; Marshall Monogr. 
Capit. p. 37, pi. 17 (1871); Sahad. Uce. Born. 1874, p. 32 ; Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1877, p. 8 j Nicholson, Ibis, 1883, p. 87; Sharpe, Ibis, 1800, 

p. 4. 
If Marshall's plate is correct and the adult bird has such a bright 

3rellow forehead, then the species would be distinct; but so far as 

the specimen in the Museum is concerned, it can be matched by 

similar young birds from Malacca: "bill black; legs lead-colour, 

tinged with green; iris warm brown" (A. Everett), 

Bab. Borneo. 

a. (S juv. Foot of Matang, Sarawak (A. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
4. Chotorhea versicolor. 
Bucco versicolor, Bqffl. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 284 (1820); Temm. 

PI. Col. iii. pi. 309 (1825) ; Bli/th, J. A. S. Bemj. xv. p. 13 (1846). 
Bucco rafflebii, Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 137. 
Megalaima versicolor, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 143 (1850); Motley § JDillw. Nat. Mist. Labnan, p. 28 (1855) ; 
Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 454; Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Baccoiies, 
p. 15(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit.Mus.y. 6 (1868); id. Hand-l 
B. ii. p. 174, no 8435 (1870). 
Megaleema (Chotorhea) versicolor, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 12 
(1854). 
Chotorhea versicolor, Horsf.fyMoore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. p. 640 
(1856) ; Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 33 (1874). 
Megalsema versicolor, Sol. P. Z.8. 18(33, p. 210; Marshall, Monoqr* 
Capit. p. 47, pi. 22 (1871) ; Sharp*, & & & 1875, p. 105; id. Ibis, 
1876, p. 35 ; Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 299 ; Sharps, Ibis, 1879, p. 239; 
id. P. Z. S. 1879, pp. 245, 326 ; Hume, Str. P. 1879, pp. 53, 83; 
Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 280 ; id. Ibis, WW, p. 4. 

Cyanops versicolor, Oates, Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. p, 136 (1883). 
Megalsema versicolor, var. borneensis, Blasius, Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, 

xxxiii. p. 25 (1883). 
Adult male. General colour above grass-green; wing-coverts like 
the back ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills blackish, externally 
a little darker green than the back, the secondaries resembling 
the latter; tail-feathers green above, blue below; crown of head, 
occiput, and nape rich scarlet; hind neck and sides of neck a little 
brighter green than the back ; lores black; a broad eyebrow of rich 
cobalt-blue; sides of the face and ear-coverts black ; below the eye 
a crimson spot; hinder cheeks golden yellow, fore part of cheeks 
and throat cobalt-blue, with silvery blue shaft-streaks ; remainder 
of under surface yellowish green, with a golden gloss; on each side 
of the fore neck a large spot of scarlet: under wing-coverts isabelline, 
washed with green ; quills below dusky, yellowish isabelline 

CAPIT0NID-2E. 

along the inner edges: "bill black; feet greenish slate-colour ; iris 
bright brown" (R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay). Total length 10 inches, 
culmen 1*6, wing 4*8, tail 2*7, tarsus 1-15. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 10 inches, 
culmen 1*6, wing 4*6, tail 2'5, tarsus 1-1. 

Young. Similar to the adults, but everywhere duller: none of the 
bright parts strongly marked, the yellow moustache scarcely evident, 
and the scarlet spot below the eye absent; the lower mandible pale 
towards the base. 

The differences set forth by Professor Blasius for the separation 
of the Eornean bird from the Malayan are not found to be permanent 
in the series in the British Museum. The widening of the red 
crown on the nape is found alike in birds from both countries, and 
the shade of colour in the blue of the throat and eyebrow is equally 
variable. 

Hab. Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. 

a. 5 ad. sk. Batang Padang, Perak. L. Wray, Esq. [P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. Penang (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
c. $ ad. sk. Salangore, March 19 (W. Davi- Hume Coll. 
son), 
d-h. <$; I, m, n. Klang, Feb.-April, July, Sept. Hume Coll. 
5 ad. sk. (W. Davison), 
o-w. Ad.; x. Malacca, July to Sept. (W. Hume Coll. 
Juv. sk. Davison), 
y-c'. d ad.; d', Malacca, Aug. (E.G. W.R.). Tweeddale Coll 
«',/.$ ad.sk. 
^'. Ad.; A'. Juv. Malacca (Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. 
i', h't Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
I'. cS ad. sk. Malacca (A. R. Wallace). Gould Coll. 
m'. Juv. sk. Malacca. Purchased. 
n'-s'. <$) t', uf. Johore, March to Aug., Sept. Hume Coll. 


5 ad. sk. ( W. Davison). 
v\ Ad. sk. Singapore. Hume Coll. 
w'. Ad. sk. Sumatra (Raffles). India Museum. (Type 

of species.) 
x'. <S ad. sk. Sumatra. "Wallace Coll. 
y',z'. d*ad. sk. Siedjoendjong, Sumatra, Sept. Tweeddale Coll. 


(Carl Rock). 
a"-e". Ad. sk. Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (D. C. Tweeddale Coll. 
Ruxton). 
£', TJ". Ad.; 6". Billiton. Tweeddale Coll. 
Imm. sk. 
i". Ad. sk. Kina Balu, N. W. Borneo (F. H. Veitch, Esq. [P.]. 


Rurbidge). 
K". Ad. sk. Labuan (Sir H. Low). R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
X". Ad. sk. Lumbidan (Sir H. Loio). Tweeddale Coll. 
//'. 3 ad. sk. Busan, Sarawak, Oct. (A. Salvin-Gfodruan Coll. 

Everett). 
v\ $ ad. sk. Busan, Sarawak, Oct. (A. Tweeddale Coll. 

Everett). 
£", o". Ad. sk. Sarawak. Eajah Brooke [P.]. 
n". Ad. sk. Banjarmassing (J. Motley). Tweeddale Coll. 

13 . CYAN0PS. 
13. 
CYANOPS. 
Type. 
Cyanops, Bp. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 12 (1854) C. asiatica. 
Range. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, throughout Cochin-China 
and the Burmese countries, and the Malayan Peninsula to Java, 
Sumatra, and Borneo ; Hainan and Formosa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
"With bright colours on the head-—red, blue, 
green, or yellow. 
a'. With blue on the throat, no yellow. 
a". Forehead scarlet like the crown. 
a"r. Band across the crown black asiatica, p. 62. 
b"r. Band across the crown blue davisoni, p. 65. 

b". Forehead yellow like the crown; eyebrow 
and feathers below the eye pale 
blue like the throat; cheeks yellow.. Jlavifrous, p, 65. 

c". Forehead yellow; hinder crown blue. 
c'". Throat green, followed by a golden 
necklace armittarisj p. OQ. 
d'". Throat light blue; round the hind 
neck a red collar henrieij p. 67. 
d". Forehead green mottled with blue. 

e"\ With a scarlet loral spot and nape-
patch ; two black streaks on side of 
head incognita, p. 68. 

/"' . With no scarlet and no black streak 
on the head pulcherrima, p. 69. 
b'. With yellow on the throat. 


e". With scarlet across the forehead, 
followed by yellow on the crown, and 
then by a scarlet nape-spot; throat 
yellow. 


g"\ The yellow throat followed by 
hoary grey, like the sides of the 
face; no scarlet spot on sides of 
fore neck. 


g\ Eyebrow black 
franklini, p. 09. 

h\ Eyebrow hoary grey, black on 
each side of the red nape-spot 
only ra?nsayi, p. 70. 

A'". The yellow throat followed by blue, 
with a red spot on each side of the 
fore neck oorti, p. 71. 

/" . With yellow across the forehead; 
hinder crown scarlet; throat scarlet, 
blue on fore neck; a blue spot below 
the eye and a yellow spot on the fore 
part of the cheeks mystacophanes, p. 72, 

g". 
Forehead greenish or yellowish green. 
i'". Lores yellowish green; no red loral 
spot «... monticoh) p. 74, 

CAPITOtfID.aS. 

k'". Witli a red loral spot. 

i4. Crown of head "blue like the sides 
of face, hinder cheeks, and lower 
throat, followed by scarlet on the 
fore neck nuchalis, p. 74. 

JcK Crown of head with a scarlet patch; 
sides of face green, with a little 
blue below the eye and on the [p- 72. 
lower throat mystacophanes juv-, 

h". Forehead black like the crown, with a 
scarlet patch; sides of face and lower 
throat cobalt-blue, followed by scarlet, faher, p. 75. 


c\ With a green throat like rest of upper 
surface; forehead blue; head brown; 
nasal plumes and under tail-coverts red . lagrandieri, p. 75. 


5. With no bright colours on the head, which 
is brown, mottled with ashy or streaked 
with white; general colour green, streaked 
below. 
d'. With a streak of golden yellow along the 
ear-coverts and a scarlet spot on each 
side of the fore neck phceo<riata, p. 7G. 


ef. With no yellow streak on sides of face 
and no scarlet spot on sides of the fore 
neck. 


i". With ashy tips to the wing-coverts. 
I'". Smaller and slightly brighter zeylonica, p. 70. 
mm> Larger and less blight caniceps, p. 77. 

k". Without ashy tips to wing-coverts. 

n'". Larger; back centred with yellowish-
white streaks to the feathers; 
head mottled with ashy tips to the 
feathers lineata, p. 80. 

o"\ Smaller; 
back uniform green, not 
streaked; head uniform brown, not 
mottled with ashy tips viridis, p. 83. 

1. Cyanops asiatica. 
Blue-cheeked Curucui, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. 1787, p. 93. 
Trogon asiaticus, Lath. Ind. Orn. 1790, p. 201. 
Le Barbu a gorge bleue, Levaill. Ois. de Paradis fyc. Barbus, 1806, 


p. 57, pis. 21, 22. 
Bucco cseruleus, Dumont, Diet. Sci. Nat iv. 1816, p. 48. 
Capito cyanocollis, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. iv. 1816, p. 498. 
Bucco cyanops, Cuv. Pegne Anim. i. 1817, p. 428 ; McClell. P. Z. S. 
1839, p. 165. 

Bucco cyanicollis, Temm. PI Col. iii. 1831, texte genre Barhu; Hartl. 
Pev. Zool. 1842, p. 337; Sundev. Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist, xviii. 
1846, p. 398. 

Megalaima asiatica, Gray, Gen. B. ii. 1846, p. 429; id. Cat Mamm. 
8fc. Nepal pres. Hodgs. 1846, p. 114; Myth, Cat. B. Mus. As. 
Soc. 1849, p. 67; Bp. Consp. i. 1850, p. 143; Tytler, Ann. $ Mag. 
Nat. JSist7 new series, xiii. 1854, p. 367; Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Buccones, 1863, p. 16; Gray, List Capit Brit Mus. 1868, p. 8 ; 
id. Hand-l. B. ii. 1870, p. 174, no. 8442. 

13 . CTANOPS, 
63 

Bucco asiaticus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. 1846, p. 13; id. Ann, # 

Mag. Nat. Hist, xx. 1847. p. 385; Tickell, J. A. S. Beng. xvii. 

pt. 1, 18487 p. 298. 

Bucco cseruleigula, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit Mus., Passeres, pi. 322. 

%. 1 (no. 171); id. in Graft Zool 3£isc. 1844, p. 85. 

Cvanops asiatica, Bp. Comp\ Volacr. Zygod. 1854, p. 12; Ilorsf. fy 

"Moore, Cat B. Mas. EI. Co. ii. 1856, p. 640; Jerd. B. hid. 

i. 1862, p. 313; Blyth § Wald. B. Burm. 1875, p. 73; Beavan, 
Ibis, 1863, p. 412 ; Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 297, note ; Hume, Nests %> 
Egc/s Ind. B. 1873, p. 131; id. Str. F. 1874, p. 472; ul § Oates, 
Sfr. F. 1875, p. 77; Brooks, Str. F. 1875, p. 232; Oates, 
Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. 1883, p. 133. 
Megalsema 
asiatica, Tytler, Ibis, 1868, p. 201; Marshall, Monogr. 
Capit. 1870, p. 63, pi. 29; Blyth •$• Wald. B. Burm. 1875, p. 73 ; 
Hume, Str. F. 1877, p. 27 ; Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 437 ; 
Anderson, ZooL Evped. Yunnan, 1878, p. 584; Hume Sf Davison, 
Str. F. vi. 1875, p. 151; Hume, &tr. F. 1879, p. 88; Scully, tc. 

p. 232; Oates, Str. F. x. 1882, p. 192; Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. 
1882, p. 446; C. H. T. Marshall, Ibis, 1884, p. 410; Reid, Cat 
Lucknow Mus. 1886, p. 38. 
Adult male. General colour above light grass-green; wing-
coverts like the back- bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills 
rather deeper grass-green, the secondaries like the back, the 
primaries externally yellowish towards the ends; tail-feathers 
green above, blue below ; crown of the head scarlet, as well as the 
occiput and nape ; across the vertex a black band, preceded by an 
ill-defined yellowish line before the forehead, which is scarlet, as 
well as the lores; the black band continued backwards above the 
eyebrow, which is bright cobalt like the feathers round the eye, 
the sides of the face, ear-coverts, cheeks, and throat; sides of the 
neck yellowish green like the rest of the under surface of the 
body from the fore neck downwards; on each sido of the fore neck 

a large spot of scarlet; under wing-coverts yellowish isabelline; 
quills below dusky brown, yellowish along the inner edge: " bill 
greenish yellow horny, black above ; margins of eyelids orange; iris 
hazel-brown, brown, or reddish brown; feet dingy green; claws 
horny black " {J. Scully). Total length 8*3 inches, culmen 1-1, wing 
4-2, tail 2-75, tarsus 1*1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 8-5 inches, 

culmen 1*1, wing 4*1, tail 2-7, tarsus 1*05. 

C. asiatica has an almost imperceptible spot of scarlet at the 
base of the lower mandible. Several specimens from its eastern 
range show a slight trace of blue over the black crown, although 
never to the same extent as in C. davisoni. 
Eah. The Himalayas from Cashmere eastward to the Burmese 
countries and Northern Tenasserim, occurring also in Dacca and 
near Calcutta. 

a. Ad. sk. Kangra (S. Pinmll). Tweeddale Coll. 
b* Ad. sk. Dhurmsala, Cashmere, April Hume Coll. 
(W. E. Brooks). 
c, d. Ad. sk. N.W. Himalayas. Pinwill Coll. 
64

e,f. Ad. sk. 

g. Ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
h & 6 S ad. sk . 
Ad. sk. 
m~q. Ad. sk. 


r. Ad. sk. 
s. Ad. sk. 
tf u, v. Ad. sk. 
w, #, y. Ad. sk. 
a. Ad. sk. 
a'~d'. Ad.; e'. 
Juv. sk. 
/'-HI'. Ad.; »'. 
Juv. sk. 
or9p'. Ad. sk. 

q, r. Ad. sk. 
sf. $ ad. sk. 


£', «'. o* ? ad. ; 

v'. 5 imm. sk. 
w\ Imm. sk. 
#', y'. <$ ad.; z', 

a". 2 ad. sk. 
5", c". Ad. sk. 
d"-T. <?;&",*". 

$ ad. sk. 
«a'V. Ad. sk. 


$" V . Ad. sk. 
v". <$ ad.; w"


y". $ ad. sk. 
*". Ad. sk. 
a, J ad. sk. 

/3. § ad. sk. 

7, a. c?ad.; e, f, 
$ ad. sk. 
7)~7r. Ad. sk. 

/>. (J ad. sk. 

or. S ad. sk. 

r. $ ad. sk. 
v, </>. & ad. sk. 

 CAPITONJLD.S. 

Mussoorie. 
Between Dhunda and Dras, 


May 27 (W. B. Brooks). 

Dehra Dlioon. 
Sewalik Hills, March 

{Dr. Scott). 
Kumaon (Strachey). 

Almorah. 
Nepal. 

Nepal. 
Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). 
Nepal Valley, April,

Dec. (J. Scully). 
Native Sikhiin, Nov. (L. 
Mandelli). 
Sikhim, April, June (L. 
Mandelli). 

Darjeeling, Feb., March. 

Buxa Dooars, Jan. (L.

delli). 
Assam (McClelland). 
Shillong, July (A. W.

nell). 
Shillong, July, Oct. (J.
hum). 

 May, 

Man


ChenCock-


Shillong, Dec. (W. Davison). 
Tippook, March, April 

(J. Cockbum). 
Dollah, April (J. Cockbum). 
Dihraghur, March to June, 
Dec. {J. It. Cripps). 
Khasia Hills, Nov., Dec. (A. 

W. Chennell). 
Manipur, Feb., May {A. 0. H.) 
Calcutta; Dec, Feb. 
Dacca. 
Arakan Hills, Jan. (E. W. 
Oates). 

E. Pegu Hills, April 22 (E. 
W. Oates). 
Tonghoo, March, April (It. G. 
W. It.). 
Karen Hills, Jan., April, Aug., 
Oct., Nov. (It. G. W. JR.). 
Tsankoo Hills, April 4 (It. G. 


W. It.). 
Kachin Hills, Feb. 13. 
Pahpoon, Jan. 4 (W. Damson). 
Kollidoo, Feb. 2 (W. Davison). 


Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

(Type of B. ccemleigula. 

Hodgson Coll. 

India Museum. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

India Museum. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale CoU. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Dr. J. Anderson [C], 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

13 . CYANOPS. 
2. Cyaiiops davisoni. (Plate IV. fig. 1.) 
Megalaima davisoni, Hume, Str. F. v. 1877, p. 108. 
Megalaenia davisoni, Hume § Davison, Str. F. vi. 1878, p. 151; 
Hume, Str. F. viii. 1879, p. 88; Bingham, Str. F. ix. 1880, 

p. 165 ; Saloacl Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2) v. J 888, p. ,502. 
Cyaiiops davisoni, Gates, Handb. B. Brit Bitrm. ii. 1883, p. 134. 
Adult male. Similar to 0. asiatica, but smaller, arid distinguished 
by the band across the vertex, which is verditer-blue instead of 
black; above the blue eyebrow a line of black, widening out above 
the ear-coverts. Total length 8*25 inches, culmen 1, wing 3*7, 
tail 2-4, tai bus 1-05. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 7*5 inches, 
culmen 0*95, wing 2-6, tail 2-25, tarsus 1*05. 
Hab. Eeplaces the foregoing species in Central Tenasserim. 

a-c. 2 ad. sk. Thenganee Sakan, Jan. (IV. Hume Coll. 
d-h. $ ad.; i-n.
5 ad. etjuv.
sk. 
Davison), 
Thoungya, Sept., Oct. (V. Darling). 
Hume Coll. 
o. <$ ad. sk.
p. ¥ ad. sk.
q, r. tf ad.; s.
2 ad. sk. 
Assoon, Feb. 2 (TT. Limborg), 
Meplay, March 16 (C. T. Bingham), 
Houngthraw Kiver, Feb. (W. 
Limborg). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
t~w. c? ad. sk. Meetau, Feb. (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 

3. Cyanops flavifrons. 
Le Barbu a front d'Or, Levaill H. 2VT. Barbus, p. 129, pi. 55 (1806). 
Bucco flavifrons, Cuvier, Begne Anim. i. p. 428, note (1817). 
Bucco aurifroris, Temm. PL Col. iii. teste genre Barbu, esp. 12 

(1881). 
Megalaima flavifrons, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 143 (1850); Kelaart, Prodr. Cat. p. 127 (1852); Layard, 
Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist (2) xiii. p. 447 (1854); Goffiii, Mus. 
Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 23 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. 
Mus. p. 8 (1868) j id. Hcmd-l B. ii. p. 174, no. 8444 (1870); 
Holdstv. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 429; Layard, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 204. 
Cyanopsflavifrons,Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 314 ^1862) ; Blyth, Ibis, 1867, 

p. 297 ; Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 15. 
Megalsema flavifrons, 
Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 69, pi. 30 (1871); 
Hume, Str. F. vii. p. 370 (1878), 1879, p. 88; Legge, B. Ceylon, 

p. 212, pi. 10. fig. 2 (1879). 
Adult male. General colour above dark grass-green; wing-
coverts a little deeper green than the back; bastard-wing, primary-
coverts, and quills blackish, externally green, the primaries edged 
with yellow near the end of the outer web; tail-feathers green 
above, blue below; crown of head dusky greenish, with shaft-
streaks of golden yellow ; the hind neck, upper mantle, and sides 
of neck green with greenish-white longitudinal centres to the 

VOL. xix. 
p 

CAPITONIDJE. 

feathers, much broader on the latter• forehead and sinciput golden 
yellow; lores, eyebrow, feathers round eye, sides of face, and ear-
coverts cobalt-blue; fore part of cheeks golden yellow; hinder 
cheeks bluish green, with white centres to the feathers; throat 
light cobalt-blue, remainder of under surface of the body very pale 
green, the fore neck and chest having the feathers edged with 
emerald-green, producing a scaly appearance; under wing-coverts 
yellowibh isabelline washed with green ; quills below dusky, yellow 
along the inner edges : ** bill greenish horny, slightly dusky at base 
of culmen, lower mandible paler; tarsus and feet sickly green, the 
tarsi in some bluish, soles yellow; claws dusky; iris light red or 
pale brownish red, a pale outer circle often present" (IF. V. Legge), 
Total length 8'5 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 3-5, tail 2'2b, 
tarsus 0-9. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 
8 inches, culmen 0*95, wing 3*55, tail 2*3, tarsus 0*95. 

Hob. Ceylon. 
a, b. Ad. sk. Ceylon. T. Thwaites, Esq. [C.I. 
c. Ad. sk. 
d-i. Ad. sk. 
Ceylon. 
Ceylon {&. Nemll).# 
Gould Coll 
Tweeddale Coll. 
&~m. ($; ?i,o. Ceylon, Jan., April (& Tweeddale Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
q. Ad. sk. 
r. 5 ad. sk. 
s. <$ ad. sk. 
Chapman).
Nuwara Eliya. 
Kandy. 
South Ceylon, Aug. 20. 
Western Province, Ceylon, 
July 21. 
E. Boate, Esq. [C.]. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Colonel Legge [P.]. 
t. Ad. sk. 
u. 2 ad- sk. 
Central Province. 
Opate Forests, Ceylon, 
April 25 (W. V.Legge). 
Colonel Legge [P.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 

4. Cyanops armillaris. 
Bucco 
armillaris, Temm. PL Col iii. pi. 89. fig. 1 (1824) ; Cuv. 
Hegne Anim. p. 458 (1829) ; Marti Rev. Zool 1842, p. 337. 
Megalaima armillaris, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846) • Bp. Ccnsp. 

i. p. 143 (1850); Goffin, Mus. Pa?/s-Bas, Bnecones, p. 22 (1863) ; 
Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 7 (1868): id. Band-l B. ii. p. 174, 
no. 8438 (1870) : Vorderm. Tijdschr. Kederl. Ind. xlv. p. 319 
(1885). 
Megakema armillaris, 
Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p, 61, pi. 28 (1871); 
Nicholson, Ibis, 1881, p. 142. 

Adult male. General colour above dark grass-green; wing-
coverts like the back; bastard-wing, primar}*~coverts, and quills 
blackish, externally like the back, the primaries yellowish along 
the ends of their outer web; tail-feathers green above, bluish 
below ; centre of the crown and occiput cobalt-blue ; nape and hind 
neck green, with a spot of golden yellow on each side of the latter; 
forehead and sinciput brilliant orange-yellow; base of the forehead 
and lores black; eyebrow, feathers round eye, sides of face, ear-
coverts, cheeks, and under surface of body emerald-green; across 

13 . CYA.N0PS. 
the fore neck a collar of bright orange-yellow; under wing-

coverts yellowish isabelline, washed with green; quills below 

dusky yellowish along the inner edge: " bill black, lead-colour at 

the base; legs lead-coloured, with an ochre-yellow tint; claws 

black; iris dark van dyke-brown " (Dr. Vordgrman). Total length 

7*5 inches, culmen 0-95, wing 3-65, tail 2*3, tarsus 0-95. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 7 inches, 

culmen 0*9, wing 3*5, tail 2-3, tarsus 0-9. 

Hah. Java. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Pet jet, Java, Oct. {Mus. G-ould Coll. 
Zugd.). 
h,c. 3 J ad. sk. Java (Mus. Zugd.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d, e, Imra. sk. Java. Tweeddale Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. W. Java (A. E. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 

g. S 
ad.; h, i. W. Java. Wallace Coll. 
Ad. sk. 
k. 
Ad. st. Java. Purchased. 
5. Cyanops heurici. 
Bucco henricii, Temm. PL Col. iii. pi. 524 (1831); Bute, Brief. Ost-

Ind. no. 15 (1832). 
Bucco moluccensis, Hartl. Bev. Zool 1842, p. 336. 
Bucco armillaris, myth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 13 (1846). 
Megalaima moluccensis, Gray, Gen. B.il. p. 429(1846) ; Bp. Consp, 

i. p. 144 (1850). 
Megalaima oorti, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846). 
Megalaima armillaris {nee T.), Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 67 
(1849). 

Megalaima henricii, Bp. Consp. i. p. 143 (1850); Goffin, Mus, Pays-

It as, Bnccones, p. 21 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 7 

(1868); id. Hand-IB. ii. p. 174, no. 8437 (1870). 

Cyanops henricii, Horsf fy Moore, Cat. B. Mus. B.I. Co. ii. p. 643 

(1856). 

Megalsema 
henricii, Marshall, Monoqr. Capit. p. 71, pi. 31 (1871) ; 
tiharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 239; Hume, Str. F. 1879, pp. 53, 88; 
Salvin, Cat. Strichl. Coll. p. 446 (1882) ; Buttik. Notes Leyden 
Mus. ix. p. 15 (1886). 

Adult male. Similar to C. armillaris, and having a similar 
orange-yellow crown with a blue vertex and occiput, the yellow 
continued in a broad band along the sides of the crown; feathers 
above the eye, sides of face, sides of neck, and bind neck green, the 
latter separated from the back by a distinct collar of bright 
vermilion; throat light cobalt-blue, with an orange spot on each 
side of the fore neck, instead of the orange colour of C. armillaris: 
"bill black; legs and feet glaucous green, claws dark greenish 
horny; iris dark brown " (W. Davison). Total length 8*75 inches, 
culmen 1, wing 3*8, tail 2*1, tarsus 1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but not quite so brightly 
coloured : " bill black : legs slaty green; iris brown" (B. ^ G. 
Wardlaw Ramsay). Total length 8*7 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 
3-9, tail 2*2, tarsus 0*85. 

F2 

68 
CAPiTONmas. 

Young. Nearly entirely green, save for a little blue on the throat 
and a slight tinge of golden yellow on the forehead; lores black; 
cheeks lighter and moro emerald-green. The yellow spot on the 
sides of the fore neck seems to be developed very early. 

Bah. Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. 

a. Ad. sk. Penang. 
Wallace Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Mountain of Perak. L. Wray. Esq. [P.]. 
c-h. 6 ad. et Klang, Jan. to March, July Hume Coll. 
juv. ; i,k. § (W.Davison). 
ad. sk. 


l-q. 
Ad.; r, s. Malacca, Jan., July (W. Davi- Hume Coll. 
Juv. sk. son), 


t. 
$ ad. sk. Malacca, Aug. (JR. G. W. JR.). Tweeddale Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Malacca, Nov. (Dr. Maingag). Tweeddale Coll. 
v. <S ad. sk. Malacca {A. E. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
to, x. $ ad. sk. Malacca. Wallace Coll. 
y. Juv.sk. Malacca. Purchased. 
z-e". 6*2 ad. sk. Johore, March, Aug. (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison), 
f", g". Ad. sk. Singapore. Hume Coll. 
/*". Ad. sk. Sumatra. E. Wilson, Esq. [P.]. 
i", h". Ad. sk. Sumatra. Purchased. 
I". £ ad. sk. Sarawak (A. JR. Wallace). Tweecldale Coll. 
m". Ad. sk. Sarawak (II. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 

6. Cyaiiops incognita. (Plate TV. fig. 3.) 
Megalaima incognita, Hume, Sir. F. 1874, pp. 442, 486; Wald. in 
Blyth's B. JBurm. p. 74 (1875). 
Megalsema incognita, Hume $ Davison, Str. F. vi. 1878, pp. 151, 
501 ; Hume, Str. F. 1879, p. 88; Bingham, t. c. p. 194, ix. 1880, 

p. 1G6. 
Cyanops incognita, Oates, Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 134 (1888), 
Adult male. General colour above emerald-green, with a distinct 
gloss on the mantle and scapulars ; wing-coverts a little darker than 
the back; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills blackish, 
externally green like the back ; the primaries yellowish near the 
end of the outer web; tail-feathers green above, bluish below; 
crown of head bright emerald-green, a little bluer on the sides of the 
crown ; an occipital spot of scarlet: extreme base of forehead and 
lores scarlet; feathers below and round the eye bright emerald-green 
washed with blue, with a black band from the base of the lower 
mandible; eyelids yellow ; cheeks and ear-coverts emerald-green, 
the latter surmounted by a short band of blue ; under surface of the 
body pale green, brighter and washed with blue on the throat and 
fore neck : on the sides of the lower throat a spot of scarlet; under 
wing-coverts yellowish isabelline; quills below dusky, yellowish 
along the inner edge: " upper mandible, eyelids, and tip of lower 
mandible dusky horny; remainder of bill paler; legs and feet 

grass-green; iris nut-brown" (W. Davison). Total length 7-3 
inches, culmen 1*05, wing 3*8, tail 2*15, tarsus 0*9. 

13 . OIANOPS. 
09 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but scarcely so bright, and 
having the occipital spot rather smaller. Total length 7 inches, 
oilmen 1, wing 3*7, tail 2-15, tarsus 0*03. 

Young, Like the adult, but with a pale base to the brown 
mandible ; the scarlet on the lores feebly developed; the scarlet 
occipital spot absent; the spot on each side of the lower throat 
represented by a faint mark of orange-yellow. 

Hob. Central Tenasserim. 

a. S ad. sk. Near Myawadee, April 21 (C. Hume Coll. 
T. Bingham). 
b, c. <$ ad. sk. Amherst, July 19 ( W. Davison). Hume Cull. 
d~f- 6 ; g-$ Near Tavoy, April (W. Davi-Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. son). 

7. Cyanops piilcherrima. 
Megalsema pulckerrima, Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 393, pi. ii. tig. 2. 
Adult. Similar to 0. incognita, but differs in the absence of the 
red on the head and lower throat, and the nearly uniform colouring 
of the sides of the head, and absence of the black streaks behind the 
eye: "bill black; feet scaly green; iris black" (J. Whitehead). 
Total length 7*8 inches, culmen 0*8, wing 8-7, tail 2*35, tarsus 0*95. 

Hah. Kina Ealu Mountain, North Borneo. 

a,b. $ 2 a-d. sk. Kina Balu (J. Whitehead). Seebohm Coll. 

8. Cyanops franklini. 
Bucco franklini, Bh/th, J. A. S. Beng. xi p. 167 (1842), xv. p. 13 
(1846). ^ 
Bucco igniceps, Tlodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. Ofvs., Passeres, pi. 322. 
fig. 2 (no. 172); id. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 85 (1844). 
Megalainia franklini, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846); Blyth, Cat. 

B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 68 (1849); Bp. Camp. Av. i. p. 144 (1830); 
Gray, Cat. Mamm, 8fc. Nepal pres. Hodys. p. 114 (1803); Goffin, 
Mus. Pays-Bas, i. Buccone^, p. 20 (1863J ; Gray, List Capit. 
Brit. Mus. p. 8 (1808); id. Hand-l B. ii. p. 174. no. 8443 (1870). 
Cyanops franklini, Horsf. 8f Moore, Cat. B. Mus. JE. L Co. ii. p. 643 
(1836); Jerd. B. hid. i. p. 314 (1862); Beavan, Ibis, 1865, p. 412 ; 
Bidger, Ibis, 1869, p. 157; Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 11; Hume, Nests 
£ Eggs Ind. B. p. 131 (1873). 

Megahema franklini, 
Gould, B. Asia, vi. pi. 50 (1870); Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit. p. 51, pi. 24 (1871); Bluth § Walden, B. Barm. 

p. 74 (pt.) (1875); Hume, Str. F. 1879, p. 88; Scully, t. e. p. 252. 
Adult male. General colour above grass-green; scapulars like the 
back; lesser wing-coverts deep blue, median and greater coverts 
green, with blue edges; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills 
black, externally blue, the secondaries externally green like the 
back; tail-feathers green above, blue below; crown of head bright 
golden yellow, with a scarlet spot on the occiput; sides of the hinder 
crown black from the lores, with a bluish tinge on the sides of the 

CAPITOIHDJS. 

nape; forehead scarlet; lores black like the eyebrows, as well as 
the feathers round and below the eye; ear-coverts hoary grey, 
extending over the hinder cheeks and across the lower throat; fore 
part of cheeks, chin, and upper throat golden yellow; remainder of 
under surface from the fore neck downwards light yellowish green ; 
under wing-coverts yellowish isabelline, washed with green; quills 
below blackish, yellowish along the inner edge: " bill black, grey 
at base ; feet green, claws dusky : iris brown " (J. Scully). Total 
length 8 inches, culmen 1, wing 2-9, tail 2'5, tarsus 1. 

Young. Like the adult, but with all the bright colours feebly 
developed; head dull golden yellow with scarlet on the forehead and 
nape ; the grey on the sides of the face and throat not developed, 
the latter washed with yellow, the lower throat green washed with 
blue. 
Hab. Eastern Himalayas, Assam, and Manipur. 

a} b. Ad. sk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
(Types of B. ignicejps.) 

c-g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. st.
i. 6 ad. sk.
k. Ad. sk. 
Nepal (B. H. Hodgson), 
Behar. 
Nepal Valley, May 21 (J.
Scully). 
Dolaka, Nepal, Jan. (Z. ManHodgson 
Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
l-p. Ad. sk.
q-y. Ad. sk.
z. Juv. sk.
a!. Ad. sk.
b'. Ad. sk.
c'. $ ad. sk.
dr, ef . Ad. sk.
f-i'. $ ad.; h'.
S ad. sk.
l'-o'. d ad.; pf-
*'. $ ad. sk. 
Sikhim, Jan., May, Dec. (L.
MandeUi). 
Darjeeling. 
Darjeeling. 
A*sam (A. W. Chennell). 
Shillong (J. Cockbum). 
Naga Hills, March '19 (A.
W. Ghmnell). 
Khasia Hills {Griffith). 
Aimole, Manipur, April (A. 
0. H). 
Machi, Manipur, May (A. 
0. H.). 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

9. Cyanops ramsayi. (Plate IV. fig. 2.) 
Megalasma ramsayi, 
Wald. Ann. ty Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xv. p. 400 
(1875); id. in Blyth, B. Burm. p. 74 (1875); Hume, Str.F. 1875, 

p. 402; Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 4o7; Hume § Davison, 
Str. F. vi. 1878, p. 152; Hume, Sir. F. 1879. p. 88 ; Sakad. Ami. 
Mm. Civ. Gen. (2) v. p. 561 (1888). 
Cyanops ramsoyi, Gates, B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 135 (1883): Sharps,

} Fi 

2>.Z.S1887, p. 442.

Mult male. Similar to G. asiatiea, but distinguished by the 
colour of the eyebrow, which is hoary grey like the ear-coverts, and 
not black; bill black, basal portion of masilla and lower part of 
mandible slate-colour: iS legs dirty greenish white; iris nut-brown " 
(Wardlaw Bamsay). Total length 8 inches, culmen 1, wins 3*75 
tail 2-35, tarsus 0*95. 

13 . CXANOPS. 
71 
Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 7-5 

inches, culmen 0*95, wing 3*75, tail 2% tarsus 0-95. 

Young. All the plumage duller than in the adults, and the bright 

parts ot the head feebly indicated; the bluer marking* on the hinder 

crown not developed, these purts being green; throat dull hoary 

grey, washed with yellow. 

The Perak birds are more coarsely streaked with grey on the sides 
of the hinder crown, and have the wins; rather shorter. Wina-3-55 
U 3-6. ° 


Bah. Eeplaces the foregoing species in the Burmese and Tenasserim 
hills. 


a, b. <$ 2 ad. sk. Karen-nee, March (JR. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
^r


- •#•)• (Types of the species.) 
c-g. S ad.; h, i, Karen-nee, Jan., March, April Tweeddale Coll. 


k. 2 ad. sk. {JR. G. W. JR.). 
I Juv. sk. Tonghoo (-8. G. W. JR.). Tweeddale Coll. 
m-p. <$ ad.; q. Paraduba, Tenasserim, Jan. Hume Coll. 
§ ad. sk. ( W. Davison). 

r-V. tf ad.; c'. Mooleyit, Jan. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 

2 ad. sk. 
d\ e'. $ ad. sk. Mooleyit, April ( W. Limhorg). Tweeddale Coll. 
f, gf. 2 ad. sk. Meetan, Feb. 4 ( W. Damon). Hume Coll. 
h'. £ ad. sk. Myawadee, Jan. 20 ( W. Bad- Hume Coll. 

son). 

i. 
<$ ad. sk. Thoungyeen Valley, Dec. 29. Major C. T. Bingham 
LP.]. 
k'3 V. <$ $ ad. sk. Mountains of Perak. L. Wray, Esq. [P.]. 

10. Cyanops oorti. 
Bucco oorti, 
S. Midler, Nat, Gescli. en Phys. ii. p. 341, pi, 8. fig. 4 
(1835) ; Marti Rev. Zool. 1842, p. 337. 
Megalaima oorti, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846) ,* Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 143 (1850),* Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 21 (1863); 
Gray, List Capit Brit Mus. p. 7 (1808) ; id. Iland-l. B. ii. p. 174, 
no. 8440 (1870). 
Megalaema oorti, 
Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 12 (1854); Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit p. 59, pi. 27 (1871); B'uttih. Motes Ley den Mus. 

ix. p. 16 (I586); tiharpe, P. Z. S. 1887, p. 442. 
Cyanops oorti, Salvad. Ann. 3Ius. Civ. Gmov* xiv. p. 180 (1879). 
Adult female. General colour above light grass-green; wing-
coverts like the back; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills 
dusky blackish, externally like the back, the primaries yellowish 
towards the ends of the outer web; tail-feathers green above, blue 
beneath; crown of head pale straw-yellow, with a scarlet spot on 
the occiput and nape; hind neck green like the back; forehead and 
lores sca,rlet; a black eyebrow widening above the ear-coverts and 
having a blue band between it and the scarlet nape-spot; feathers 
round eye greenish yellow ; sides, of face and ear-coverts and hinder 
cheeks cobalt-blue; a black band from the angle of the bill above 
the cheeks, the fore part of which is yellow like the chin and upper 

7 2 
CAPIT0NID-2E. 

throat; lower throat cobalt-blue, with a scarlet spot on the sides 
of the fore neck, which is emerald-green like the rest of the under 
surface ; under wing-coverts yellowish, washed with green; quills 
below dusky yellow along the inner edge : " bill black, feet bluish 
green; iris dark brown " (Dr. Klaesi). Total length 7*5 inches, 
culmen 0*9, wing 3-55, tail 2-5, tarsus 0*9. 

Hab. High mountains of the Malayan Peninsula and Sumatra. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Sumatra. 
c, d. Ad. sk.
e. Ad. fek. 
Lolo, Sumatra (Carl Bock). 
Ayer Angat, Suniatia (Carl 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
f. § ad. sk.
Bock), 
Mountains of Perak. L. Wray, Esq. [P.]. 

11. Cyanops mystacophanes. 
Bucco mystacophanes, Temm.Pl. Col. iii. p. 315 (1824); Ciw. Begne 
Anting. 45b (1829). 
Bucco quadricolor, Ei/ton, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 105; Blyth, J. A. S. 
Beng. xv. p. 34 (1846). 

Megalaima 
mystacophanes, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 143 (1850); Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 454 ; Gojfin, Mus. 
Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 18 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 

p. 7 (1868); id. HancU. B. ii. p 174, no. 8436 (1870). 
Megalaima quadricolor, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846). 
Chotorhea mystacophanes, Horsf. fy 31oore, Cat. B. Mus. JB. L Co. 
ii. p. 641 (1856); Sahad. Ucc. Born. p. 34; pi. 1 (1874); Gates9 
Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 130 (1883). 
Megalasma mystacophanes, Select. P. Z. S. 18(;3, p. 210; Ticeedd. 
Ibis, 1877, p. 299; Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 239; Nicholson, Ibis. 
1883, p. 87. 

Megala3ma 
mystacophanes, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyyod. p. 12 (1854); 
Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 41, pi. 19; Hume, Str. F. 1874, 

p. 472 ; Wahl R Bvnn. p. 74 (1875); Sharpe, Ibis, 1876, p. 35 ; 
Hume 6f Davison, Str. F. vi. 1878, pp. 152, 502; Hume, Str. F. 
1879, pp. 53, 88; Sctlvin, Cat. Stricki. Coll. p. 446 (1882); Nicholson, 
Ibis, 1882, p. 57; Snellem. in Vettis Midden-Simiatra, p, 35 
(1885) ; Biittik. Notes Ley den Mus. ix. p. 15 (1886). 
Megalsema humei, Marshall, Ibis, 3 670, p. 530; id. Monogr. Capit. 

p. 45, pi. 21 (1871). 
Chotorhea nehulosa, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. Introd. p. xxxix. 
Chotorhea mystacophanes. Salvad. Ami. Mas. Civ. Genov. xiv. 1879, 
p. 179. 
Adult male. General colour ahove dark grass-green; wing-coverts 
like the back; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills black, 
externally green, the primaries edged with yellow towards the tip; 
tail-feathers green above, bine below; crown of head scarlet, 
narrowing towards the occiput and nape; the sides of the latter 
bright green like the hind neck and sides of the neck; forehead 
golden yellow; lores scarlet, surmounted by a black line which 
extends above the eye, hence with a few bine feathers to behind the 
latter, where it forms a large black spot above the ear-coverts ; 
below the eye a large patch of bright cobalt; ear-coverts and hinder 

13 . CYANOPS. 
cheeks bright green ; fore part of cheeks with a bright yellow spot ; 
chin and upper throat bright scarlet; lower throat with a patch of 
cobalt-blue ; a scarlet spot on the sides of the fore neck ; remainder 
of the under parts emerald-green, more yellowish green on the 
breast; under tail-coverts green ; under wing-coverts yellowish white 
washed with green; edge of the wing green; quills below dusky, 
yellowish along the inner edges: "bill black; orbital skin dark 
greenish or greenish brown ; legs and feet very pale bluish or horny 
green ; iris deep brown" (W. Davison). Total length 8*5 inches, 
culmen 1*4, wing 3*85, tail 2 2, tarsus I/O. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 7'8 
inches, culmen 1*3, wing 3*65, tail 2'6, tarsus 1*05. 

Young birds have a pale base to the bill and a yellow or greenish-
yellow throat. The c'olour of the green plumage is always more 
dingy than in the adults, the forehead is yellowish green, inclining 
to bluish or emerald-green on the vertex : the scarlet patch on the 
hinder crown is at first orange-yellow. There is no black above the 
eye, but there is an eyebrow of cobalt-blue, and a patch of that 
colour below the eye and on the fore part of the cheeks. Between 
the young plumage with the yellow throat and that with the 
throat scarlet, the Museum series shows every possible gradation, 
and Count Salvadori's exposition of their changes of dress in his 
4 Uccelli di Borneo' is undoubtedly correct, nor does there seem to be 
any exact sequence in the acquisition of the bright colours and 
markings. The scarlet patch on the hinder crown is certainly 
acquired very soon, accompanied by a yellow forehead and emerald-
green vertex, and the yellow cheek-spot and black mark above the 
ear-coverts appear to be the last to be donned. The red spot on 
either side of the fore neck is often absent. 

If ah. From the southern half of the Tenasserim province, through 
the Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra and Borneo. 

a. J juv. sk. Mergui, July 11 (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
b, c. <$ ad. sk. Pakw-ton-ton, Dec. ( W. DaviHume 
Coll. 
son). 

d. S 
ad. sk. South of Yea, April4 ( W.DaviHume 
Coll. 
son). 
e. $ 
ad. sk. Hankachin, Feb. (3 (W. DaviHume 
Coll. 
son). 
/, g. d ad. sk. Foot of N'walabo, April (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison), 
h-V. <$ ad. et Bankaaoon,March to June (W. Hume Coll. 

juv.; c'-k'. $ Davison). 

ad. et juv. sk. 

i'. S ^d.; h\ I'. Malewoon, Feb., April, June Hume Coll. 

$ juv. sk. (W. Davison). 
m'j n'. Ad. sk. Malewoon, Feb., March. Oates Coll. 
o',p'. J imm.sk. Kossoum, April (J. Darling). Hume Coll. 
q'. Inim. sk. Penang. Wallace Coll. 
r'j s'. $ imm. Salangore, July (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 

sk. 
t\ Ad. sk. Malacca {Charlton). Eyton Coll. (Type 

of B. quadricolor.) 

CAPITONIDJE. 

u'. Ad.; v'. Juv. Malacca (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
sk. 
to'. Ad. sk. Malacca (12. <?. JF. JR.). Tweeddale Coll. 
x'-i". Ad. et Malacca, Feb., July, Sept. (W. Hume Cull. 
juv. sk. Davison), 
h". Ad. sk. Singapore. Hume Coll. 
l"-n". Ad. sk. Sumatra. 
o". <J ad. sk. Mt. Sago, Sumatra, Sept. (Carl Tweeddale Coll. 
Bock). 
p"-v". Ad. et Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (E. C. Tweeddale Coll. 
imm. sk. Buxton). 
w"-y". (S ad.; Sarawak (A. B. Wallace). 
z",a. 2 juv. sk. 
j8. Juv. sk. Sarawak (A. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
7, 8, t. <$ ad.; £. Busau, Sarawak, July, Oct. Tweeddale Coll. 
$ juv. sk. (A. Everett). 
rj. Jjuv.sk. Simimjou, Sarawak (A. Ever- Tweeddale Coll. 
ett). 

6. (S ad.; i. $ Jambusan, Sarawak, Sept. A. Everett, Esq. [C], 
juv. sk. 
] 2. Cyanops monticola. 

Cyanops monticola, Sharpe, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) iii. p. 424 
(1889) j id. Ibis, 1800, pp. 5, 281. 

Adult male. Similar to the immature bird of Q. mystacoplumes, 
and having a yellow throat and a red spot on each side of the fore-
neck ; the lores and forehead and fore part of crown are yellowish 
green, the hinder crown blue with a large crimson patch on the 
nape. Total length 9 inches, culmen 1*15, wing 3, tail 2'5, tarsus 
1-05. 

Bab. Kina Balu Mountain, N.W. Borneo. 

a, b. (S ad. et imm. sk. Kina Balu, March (J. Seebohm Coll. 
Whitehead). 


13. Cyanops nuchalis. 
MegaJfflxna nuchalis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1BG2, p. 283; Swinh. Ibis, 1863, 
p. 387 ; Gould, B. Asia, vi. p. 49 (18(54); Swinh. Ibis, lfc6*5,p. 545, 
1866, p. 296; id. P. Z. S. Ib7l, p. 371; David # Oust. Ois. Chine. 
p. 57 (1877). 
Megalaima nuchalis, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 174, no. 8439 (1870). 
Adidt male. Similar to G. oorti, but having the lores only scarlet, 
the forehead being straw-yellow like the crown ; the hinder crown 
blue like the sides of the face; no scarlet nape-spot, but instead a 
patch of scarlet feathers on the upper mantle; sides of face and 
throat as in C. oorti, but instead of the spot on each side of the 
fore neck there is a collar of scarlet across the latter: " bill bright 
bluish grey at the base of the upper and basal half of the lower 
mandible, the rest deep greenish black; legs leaden grey with a 
greenish tinge; sole-pads dingy brownish, claws brownish white, 
greenish black on their arches and sides ; iris reddish brown " 

13. CYAN OPS. 
75 
(Swinhoe). Total length 7*5 inches, culmen 0-95, wing 4, tail 24, 
tarsus 0*95. 
Hab. Formosa. 

a-f. Ad. sk. Formosa (R. Swinhoe). 
g-n. Ad. et inirn. Formosa, March, May, Oct. Seebohm Coll. 
Pk. (R. Swinhoe). 


o. Ad. sk. Formosa, Jan. (R. Swinhoe), Hume Coll. 
p. 
Ad. sk. N. Formosa, April (22. Swin- SeebohmColl. (Type 
^) . of species.) 
q. Ad. sk. N". Formosa, April (R. Swin- Salvin-Godaian Coll. 
hoe). 
14. Cyanops faber. 
Megalasma faber, Stoinhoe, Ibis, 1870, p. 96, pi. iv.; id. P. Z. S. 

1871, p. 391; Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 59, pi. 25 (1871) : 

David $ Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 57 (1877). 

Megalaima faber, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 174, no. 8441 (1870). 

Adult Of the same general form as G. oorti and 0. nuchcdis, but 
differing from both in its bluer crown, with a large patch of scarlet 
on the nape; throat, anoTsfo^eTofthe face as in the above-mentioned 
species, but the blue is more of a purplish cobalt; as in 0. nuchalis 
there is a scarlet collar across the fore neck : "irides deep reddish 
brown ; legs leaden grey with a green tinge " (Swinhoe). Total 
length 7*5 inches, culmen 1, wing 4-25, tail 2*3, tarsus 0*95. 

Hab. Island of Hainan. 

a. Ad.sk. Hainan, Feb. (R. Stoinhoe). SeebohmColl. (Type 
of species.) 
b, c. Ad. sk. Hainan, Feb. (R. Stoinhoe). Tweeddale Coll. 


15. Cyanops lagrandieri. 
Megalsema lagrandieri, Verr. N. Arch. Mus. iv. Bull. p. 87 (1868); 
Marshall, fdonoyr. Capit. p. 79, pi. 34 (1871); Tiraud, Bull. Soc. 
Agricol. Cochin Chine, 1879, p. 90. 

Megalaima lagrandieri, Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 175, no. 8463 (1870). 

Adult male*. General colour green, with more or less of a bluish 
shade on the upper surface of the body; this colour is especially 
more pronounced on the lesser wing-coverts, having more of an 
olive tone on the lower parts of the body, the middle of the belly 
being clear blue; head and neck brown, darker above than below ; 
on the forehead a very narrow band of greenish yellow terminated 
with red, the plumes being directed forward; the next band, which 
is larger, has all the feathers terminated with red, the plumes of 
the nape and hind part of the neck having also a darker or lighter 

* Hot having seen a specimen of this Barbet, I have copied the translation 
given by Marshall (I. c). 
CAPITONID^. 

shade of this colour, especially towards the base of the latter; ear-

coverts washed with blue, traces of which colour are visible on the 

ends of the feathers of the chin and fore part of the neck, some of 

the latter being tinged with red towards the extremity; wings 

blackish, bordered externally with olive-green on the primaries, 

green only on the secondaries, the inner web all yellowish white, 

and the under wing-coverts also of the same colour: tail-feathers 

coloured like the wing on the upper part, but having a silvery tinge 

underneath ; under tail-coverts blackish at the base and red for the 

rest of their extent, the latter colour varying in intensity; beak 

much curved and equal in length to the head, very strong at the 

base, conspicuously vaulted and rather conical, the upper part 

blackish, but all the rest whitish, furnished with long bristles ex


tending for more than half its length ; tarsi rather long, horn-colour, 

as also are the nails: wings with the third and fourth quills longest; 

tail rather long and slightly rounded. Total length 12 inches, bill 

from gape 2, wing b'23 tarsus 1*2. 

Hab. Cochin China. 

16. Cyanops phaeostriata. 
Bucco flavostrictus, Temm. PL Col. iii. pi. 527 (1831). 
Megalaima flavostriata, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 420 (1846). 
Megalaima phaiosticta, Bp. Camp, i. p. 144 (1850) ; Goffin, Mus. 


Pays-Bos, Buecones, p. 3(5 (18(58) ; Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 

p. 13 (1868); id. Hand-l B. ii. p. 175, no. 8461 (1870). 
Chotorhea pkseosticta, Bj). Consp. Volucr. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 
Megalsema ph&ostriata, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 99, pi. 41 
(1871)• Tiraudy Bull Soc. Agric. Cochin Chine, 1879, p. 91. 

Adult. Grass-green, the wings like the back, the primaries edged 
with yellow; tail-feathers green above, bluish below; crown of 
head and hind neck yellowish white, broadly streaked with brown, 
the feathers being centred with blackish brown ; hind neck slightly 
washed with green ; sides of neck green, streaked with white; 
feathers below the eye and ear-coverts emerald-green; cheeks and 
throat dull white, the feathers broadly centred with brown; remainder 
of under surface of the body emerald-green, the feathers of 
the fore neck, breast, sides of body, and under tail-coverts centred 
with dusky blackish; thighs green externally, white internally; 
under wing-coverts and quill-lining pale yellow. Total length 8*7 
inches, culmen 1*05, wing 4*05, tail 2*3, tarsus I. 

Hab. Cochin China. 

a. Ad. sk. Saigon, Cochin China. Tweeddale Coll. 
17. Cyanops zeylonica. 
Yellow-cheeked Barbet, Brown, III. Zool. p. 34, pi. 15. fig. 1 (1776); 
Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 506 (1783). 
Bucco zeylanicus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i.p. 408 (1788) ; Cuv. Bec/ne Anim. 

i. p. 457, note (1829) {Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 13 (1846). 
13 . CIANOPS. 
77 

Le Kotterea, Levaill II. K Barbus, ii. p. 87, pi. 38 (180G). 
Capito zeilonicus, Vieill. N. Bid. iv. p. 490 (1816). 
Megalaima caniceps {nee FrankL), Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1840); 


Blyth, Cat B. Mus. As. 8oe. p. 06 (1840, pi.); Layard, Ann. $r 
May. N. H. (2) xiii. p. 440 (1854) ; COBB. U. 8. Euped. (Perry), 

p. 242 (1856). 
Bucco caniceps, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 282 (1846). 
Bucco viridis (nee Bodcl), Bp. Consp, i. p. 144 (1853). 
Megalaima zevlonica, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xx. p. 151 (1851); 
Kelaart, Prodr. Cat p. 127 (1852) ; Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. 

El. Co. ii. p. (538 (1856); Jerd. B. Lid. i. p. 311 (1862) ; Coffin, 

Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 84 (1863) ; Gray, List Capit Brit. 

Mus. p. 13 (1868); id. Hand-l. B. ii. p. 17&, no. 8458 (1870) ; 

Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872? p. 429; Hume, Nests § Eggs Ind. B. p. 180 

(1873); Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 15. 

Megalsema 
zeylonica, Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 290; Marshall, Monoqr. 
Capit. p. 95, pi. 40 (1871) ; Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 869 (1878), ix. 

p. b8 (1879) 5 Leyge, B. Ceylon, p. 208; pi. 10. fig. 1 (1879). 
Adult male. Similar to C. caniceps but smaller, with all the 
colours intensified, the green colour lighter, the brown darker, and 
the light streaks and spots much more strongly developed: " bill 
dull orange or fleshy red; legs and feet sickly yellow or pale 
olivaceous yellow; iris reddish brown, with a pale outer circle, 
sometimes brownish buff; orbital skin dull yellow " (W. V. Legge). 
Total length 9*8 inches, culmen 1*3, wing 4-5, tail 2*75, tarsus 

145. 
Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 10 
inches, culmen 1*25, wing 4-4, tail 2*9, tarsus 1-05. 
Young. All the plumage softer and morefluffy ; the brown of the 
head and throat much paler than in the adults, and the streaks 
almost obsolete; the green plumage much lighter than in the adults, 
and scarcely showing any streaks or spots. 

Rah. Eeplaces C. caniceps in Travancore and Ceylon. 

a-h. Ad. et imm. Ceylon (H. Nevill). Tweeddale Coll. 
sk 
i $ ad.sk.
h, I. S ad. ; m,
n,o. J ad.sk.
p. J ad. sk.
q. <$ ad. sk.
r. S ad. sk.
s. $ ad. sk.
t~b'. Ad. et imm.
sk. 
S.W. Ceylon, April 22 (W. V. 
Legge). 
Hangwella, Ceylon, March, Dec. 
(8. Chapman), 
Radwella, Ceylon, March 21 (& 
Chapman), 
Roesgode, Ceylon, March 24 (#. 
Chapman). 
Valadoora, Ceylon, April (S. 
Chapman). 
Ragam Corale, Ceylon, Dec. 2 
(Messrs. Hart). 
Anjango, Travancore, Dec. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

CAPIT0NID2E. 

18. Cyanops caniceps. 
Bucco caniceps, Frankl. P. Z. S. 1830, p. 121; Hartl. Rev. Zool 

1842, p. 3-37 ; Blt/th, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 12 (1846). 
Bucco lineata (nee 'V.), Ticked, J. A. S. Beng. ii. p. 579 (1833). 
Bucco viridis, pt., Jerd. Madr. Journ. xi. p. 217 (1840). 
Bucco zeylanicus, pt., Jerd. Madr. Jonm. xiii. pt. 2, p. 140 (1844). 
Megalaink caniceps, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Blyth, Cat. B. 

Mus. As. Soc. p. 66 (1849); Bp. Cony. Av. i. p. 144 (18-50); 
Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. JEJ. Co. ii. p. 637 (1856); Jerd. 

B. Ind. i. p. 310 (1862) ; Goffin, Mus. Bays-Bas, Buccones, p. 36 
(1863), note; Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 12 (1868); id. 
Hand-L B. ii. p. 175, no. 8457 (1870); Hume, Netts $ Eggs Ind. 
B. p. 129 (1873). 
Chotorkea caniceps, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zi/god. p. 12 (1854). 
Megalsema caniceps, Beavan, Ibis, 1865, p. 411; Marshall, Monogr. 
Capit. p. 39, pi. 91 (1871); Jerdon, Ibis, 1872, p. 11; Ball, Str. F. 
1874, p. 392 ; id. 1877, p. 413; id. vii. p. 206 (1878) ; Hume, Sir. 

F. 1879, p. 88; Sioinh. Sf Barnes, Ibis, 1885, p. 63 ; Reid, Cat. 
Lucknow Mus. p. 26 (1886); id. Str. F. x. p. 25 (1887). 
Megalsema 
inornata, Wahlen, Ann. Nat. Hist. (4) v. p. 219 (1870); 
Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 38, pi. 89 (1871); Jerdon, Ibis, 1872, 

p. 11; Hume, Str. F. 1875, p. 410; Fairbank, Str. F. 1876, p. 255 ; 
Butler, Cat. B. Sind, fyc. p. 19 (1879); Hume, Str. F. 1879, 
p. 88; Vidal, Str. F. ix. 1880, p. 54; Butler, t. c. p. 387; id. 
B. S. Bomb. Pres. p. 25 (1880) ; Davison, Str. F. x. p. 298 
(1887). 
Adult male. Above bright green, all the feathers streaked with 
yellowish-white shaft-lines, slightly widening towards the ends, and 
sometimes with only a pale terminal spot, especially on the wing-
coverts, which are somewhat browner; the lower back, rump, and 
upper tail-coverts uniform green, without stripes; quills dusky 
brown, externally green, the primaries yellowish towards the 
ends of the outer web; inner secondaries entirely green with 
yellowish spots at the ends like the wing-coverts ; tail green above, 
bluish beneath ; head and neck all round, as well as the throat, fore 
neck, and breast, brown, with whitish shaft-streaks, broader on the 
hind neck and mantle ; lores, fore part of cheeks, and chin dark 
ashy grey; throat uniform dark brown; sides of body, flanks, abdomen, 
thighs, and under tail-coverts emerald-green, with a slight 
wash of pale brown over the abdomen : under wing-coverts and 
inner lining of quills yellowish : " bill brownish flesh-colour; feet 
dingy chrome-yellow, claws brown; facial skin bu% yellow, reddish 

posteriorly " (A. 0. Hume). Total length 10-8 inches, culmen 1-35, 
wing 5, tail 3*2, tarsus 1*15. 
Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 9*5 inches, 
culmen 1*45, wing 4*6, tail 2*8, tarsus 1*15. 

In the southern portion of the Indian Peninsula a race occurs 
which has the green of the underparts more restricted owing to the 
gradual extension of the brown of the breast over the abdomen. A 

13 . CTANOPS. 
perfect gradation between this form, Oyanojps inornata (Walden), 
and the true C. caniceps exists, and I cannot admit their being 
specifically distinct. 

Bab. The greater part of the Indian Peninsula. 

a, b. Ad.; c. 

Imm. sk. 
d,e. Ad. sk. 
/ . Ad. sk. 

g. Ad. sk. 
h. Imm. sk. 
i. 
J ad. sk. 
k. 
Ad. sk. 
1 
<$ ad. sk. 

m. $ ad. sk. 
n,o. <$ $ ad. sk. 
p, q. 6 ad. ; r, s, 

t. $ ad. &k. 
w,«. <3 $ ad- skW7. 
Ad. sk. 

x, y, z. Ad. sk. 

a'. Ad.; &r, c'. 
$ ad. sk. 
d',e'. $ ad. sk. 


/', g\ Ad. j h'. 

Juv. sk. 

t\ Ad. sk. 

&'. Ad. sk. 

/'. Ad. sk. 

m'. $ ad. sk. 

n', o'. £ ad. sk. 

p'-io\ S ad.; x% 
y\ $> ad. sk. 

z'. ? ad. sk. 

a", 6". tf ad.; 

e". J ad. sk. 

<T,e". <?? i^m. 

sk. 

/'. Ad. sk. 

#". Ad. sk. 

h", i". Ad. sk. 

k", I". Ad. sk. 

m". Ad. sk. 

Dehra Dhoon. 


Dehra Dhoon. 
Saharunpur, April. 
Sewalik Kange, March (Dr. 


Scott). 

Kumaon Bhabur, March 24. 
Sunme, Gurhwal, Feb. 5. 
K-ohilkimd Terai (& Pin-

will). 

Pilibheet, Oct. 23. 
Bareilly, May 30. 
Chuppra, March (R. M. 


Adam). 

Allahabad, Jan., Feb., Dec. 

{A. 0. JB".). 
Futtegurh district (A. Anderson) 
. 

Lucknow, Feb. 

Plains of N.W. Provinces 

(S. Pinwill). 
Mount Aboo, April (B. A. 
Butler). 
Mount Aboo, April, May 
(G. 
King). 

Mount Aboo. 

Satigor. 
Hills north of Khandeish, 

May 21. 
Matheran, April 7. 
Mahable&hwar, May (S. B. 

Fair bank). 
Khandala, March (8. B. Fair-
bank). 
Khandala, March to May (S. 

B. Fairbank). 
Ratnagiri, June 11 {J. Ann-
strong). 
Ratnagiri, Aug. to Oct. (G. 
Vidal). 
Jounpur Dist., Feb. 14 (A. 

0. JET.). 
Khalari, March 1. 
Jubbulpur Dist. 
Maunbhoom, Feb., March {JR. 

C. Beaton). 
Raipur. 
Manipur, May 26. 


Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale ColL 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Colonel Way 

[P.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Colonel Butler [0.]. 
Hume ColL 
Hume Coll. 


Hume ColL 
Hume ColL 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale ColL 


Hume Coll. 
Hume ColL 
Hume ColL 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll, 

Tweeddale ColL 

Hume ColL 

Colonel Swinhoe 

cp.]. 

8 0 CAPITONIBJE. 
7l" , o". Ad. sk. Khandeish. Tweeddale Coll. 
(Type of M. inornata.) 
P" 
q" 
r" 
. cJ ad. sk. 
. $ ad. sk. 
, s". <$ g ad. 
Satpuras, Khandeish, Jan. 
Taloda Jungle, Khandeish, 
March 20 (J. Davidson). 
Khandeish, March 28 (J. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
t", 
sk. 
. Ad. sk. 
Davidson). 
Tapti Vallev, Khandeish, Hume Coll. 
u" 
v" 
x" 
y" 
z"'. 
Ad. sk. 
, 10". Ad. sk. 
. (S ad. sk. 
. $ ad. sk. 
-i8. Ad. sk. 
May. 
Hullial, N. Canara, April 8. 
Coorir. 
Nilgkiris, Dec. 8. 
Cannanore, Sept. 9 (B. G. 
f W. B.). 
Malabar. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
W. Davison rp.n . 
Tweeddale Coll.Tweeddale 
Coll. 

19. Cyanops lineata, 
Capito lineatus, Vieill. N Diet Hist. Nat. iv. p. 500 (1836). 

Bucco leucorhynchus, Beimv. Batav. Courant, 1820 (teste Goffin). 

Bucco fuscicapillus, Drap. Diet. Class, ii. p. 195 (1822). 

Bucco caniceps vel viridis, Hodgs. Icon. vied, in Brit. Jfws.,Passeres, 

pi. 321. tigs. 1, 2 (no. 170) ; id. in Gray's Zuol. Misc. p. 85 

(1844). 
Bucco lineatus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 12 (1846). 
Megalainm caniceps (nee FranhL), Gray, Cat. Mamm. §c. Nepal 

pres. Hodgs. p. 114 (1846). 
Megalaima lineata, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soe. p. 66 (1849); Horsf. 
# Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 6:36 (1856); Jerd. B. Ind. 

i. p. 309 (1862) ; Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 12 (1868) ; id. 
Hand4. B. ii. p. 175, no. 8455 (1870). 
Megalaima liodgsoni, Bp. Consp.i. p. 144 (1850); Goffin, Mus. Pays-
Bas, Buccones, p. 34 (1863); Gray, List Capit. JBrit. Mtis. p. 12 
(1868) ; id. Hand-l. B. ii. p. 175, no. 8456 (1870); Hume, Nests 
$ Eggs Ind. B. p. 129 (1873). 

Chotorhea hodgsoni, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 
Megalaima maclellandi, Horsf. §• Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. L Co. ii. 

p. 637 (1856) ; Gray, Band-l B. ii. p. 175, no. 8460 (1870). 
Megaloema viridis (nee Bodd.), Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, 
p. 32 (1863); Vorderm. Nat. Tijdsdr. Nederl Ind. xiii. p. 202 
(1883). 
Megalsema liodgsoni, Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 358; Wald. P. Z. S. 1866, 

p. 540; Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 85, pi. 36 (1871) ; Heme, Str. 
F. 1875, p. 75, 1877, p. 27 ;> Blyth 8? Wald. B. Burin, p. 73 (1875) ; 
Hume 8f Davison, Str, F. vi. p. 151 (1878) ; Anders. Zool. Exped. 
Yunnan, Birds, p. 583 (1878); Htime, Str. F. 1879, p. 88; Oates, 
t. e. p. 166; Scully, t. c. p. 251; Bingham, St)\ F. ix. p. 165 
(1880); Beid, Cat. Lucknow Mus. p. 36 (1886); Salmd. Ann. 
Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) iv. p. 577 (1887); Oates, Str. F. x. p. 192 
(1887); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) vi. p. 56 (1888): Hume, 
Str. F. xi. p. 67 (1888). 
Megaloema 
lineata, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 88, pi. 37 (1871); 
Jerd. Ibis, 1872, j>. 11; Hume, Str. F. 1874, p. 472; Tiraud, Bull. 
Soc. Agric. Cochin Chine, 1879, p. 91. 

Id . CYANOPS. 

81 

Cyanops hodgsoni, Oafes, Handb. B. Brit. Btirm. ii. p. 132 (1883). 
Chotorhea viridis {nee Bodd.), Forderm. Nat. Tidschr. Nederl. Ind. 

xlvi. p. 73 (1887). 
Adult. Above grass-green, with yellowish-white centres to the 
feathers on the mantle and upper back ; wings green like the back, 
the primaries externally olive-yellow towards their ends; tail-
feathers green above, bluish below; crown of head hoary whitish, 
with brown edges to the feathers, producing a streaked appearance, 
very strongly pronounced on the hind neck; lores, feathers round 
the eye, and sides of face whitish; the ear-coverts, hind cheeks, and 
sides of neck streaked with brown, with which colour the feathers 
are edged; throat uniform whitish or with only a few brown 
streaks ; fore neck and entire breast whitish, with broad margins 
of brown, producing a streaked and mottled appearance; sides of 
the breast and flanks, thighs, and under tail-coverts light emerald-
green, slightly streaked with darker green edges to the feathers; 
under wing-coverts yellowish white, with dusky brown edges to 
the feathers; quills dark brown below, yellowish along the inner 
web : u bill horny yellow; orbits deep yellow ; iris deep brown and 
reddish brown: feet fleshy yellow, claws dusky brown at bases" 

(J. Scully). Total length 11 inches, culmen 1*4, wing 5*7, tail 
3*55, tarsus 1*3. 
It seems to me absolutely impossible to draw the line between 

C. hodgsoni and G. lineata of Java. Messrs. Marshall state in their 
' Monograph' that the difference lies in the smaller size and darker 
streaking below of the Javan bird• but some specimens from Tenasserim 
are even darker than those from Java, and there are others 
which exactly resemble the true Q. hodgsoni of the Dhoon. As 
regards size little can be said, as will be seen from the following 
measurements, which could be multiplied to any extent. All that 
can be said is that the Himalayan birds are the larger, and that the 
species diminishes in size to the eastward until its smallest form is 
reached in Java. 
Total 
length, Culmen. Wing. Tail. Tarsus, 
in. in. in. in. in. 
a. Ad. sk. Kaladoongi, Dhoon 10*5 1*3 5*45 3*4 1*18 
b. Ad. BuxaDoars 9*8 1*45 5*3 3*2 1*2 
c. tfad. Younzaleen, Tenasserim... 10*2 1*2 4*85 3*0 1*2 
d. cj ad. Kaukaryit, Tenasserim ... 9*8 1*15 4*95 3*1 1*25 
e. <$ ad. Kaukaryit, Tenasserim ... 94 1*25 4*75 2*9 115 
/. Ad. Java 100 1*3 4*55 2*75 1*1 
a. rf ad. Java 9*5 135 4*5 2*95 1*15 
I $ ad. Java 9*0 1*15 4*6 2*9 1*1 

Hab. Himalayas to Assam and the Burmese countries, and reoccurring 
in Java. 

a. Ad. sk. Simla, Sept. 15. Hume Coll. 
b-d. Ad. sk. Kiimaon (Strachey). India Museum, 
e-g. Ad. sk. Kaladoongi, Sept. Hume Coll 
VOL. xxx. <* 

CAMTONIDiE. 

h. Ad. sk. 
i-?n. Ad. ; n-p. 
Juv. sk. 

q. Juv. sk. 
r-w. Ad. sk. 
.r, y. Ad. sk. 

z-f. Ad. sk. 

#', h'. Ad. sk. 

2', 7s'. Ad. sk. 

l'-o'. Ad. sk. 

p'. Ad. sk. 

<?', r'. 6 ? ad, 
sk. 
s'-w'. S ad. sk. 

#', #'. 6 2 ad. 

sk. 
s', a", b1'. Ad. sk. 
c". Juv. sk. 

d". Ad. sk. 
e". Ad. sk. 
/'. Ad. sk. 
g". Ad. sk. 

A"-p''- tfad.; #". 

Juv. sk. 

/',*". dad.;*". 

$ ad. sk. 

u"-2or'. Ad. sk. 

a?", tf ad.; yn


a3. $ ad. sk. 

bs 3 

, c. Ad. sk. 

<f. Ad. sk. 
e3. Ad. sk. 
f. S ad. sk. 
#3. Ad. sk. 

h3 

. Juv. sk. 

M . Ad. sk. 
m3. $ ad. sk. 
nz, o3, J ad. sk. 
p3. Ad. sk. * 

q3. (S ad. sk. 

r3,s3. $ ad.; tf3. 
Ad. sk. 

Dehra, Oct. 15 (Dr. King). 
Nepal (B. JBJ. Hodgson). 


SikMm (L. MandeUi). 
Darjeeling Terai, March (L. 
MandeUi). 
Buxa Dears, Feb., Dec. (L. 
MandeUi). 

Bhotan Doars, Dec, Jan., 

March (L. MandeUi). 
Assam. 
Assam (McClelland). 
Nazeerah, Upper Assam. 


Kamroop, Assam, Dec. (A. W. 
Chennell). 

Tippook, March, April (/. 

C 'ockbum) 

Dibrughur, March, Julv, Aug. 

{J. R. Cripps). 
N. Khasia Hills, Jan. (A. 
W. Chennell). 
Cachar (J. Inglis). 
N.E. Bengal (McClelland) 
Dacca (Col Tytler). 
Dacca. 
Burmah. 


N. of Kangoon, Nov. 11 ( W. 
Davison). 
Rangoon, June to Dec. (R. G. 

W. R.). 
Borougho Island, March 24 

(J. Armstrong), 
Tonghoo. 
Tonghoo, Feb., April, Nov. 


(R. G. W. JR.). 
Tonghoo, Feb. 19. 
Tonghoo, Oct. (E. W. Oates). 
Karen Hills, Jan. 4 (R. G. 


W. JR.). 
Yaytho, June 10 (R. G. W. 
RJ). 


Bhamo, Feb. 
Shuaykoo, Jan. 21. 
Thayetmyo (K W. Oates). 
Thayetmyo, Dec. 11. 
Lower Pegu, March and 


June. 
Bassein, Pegu. 

Kollidoo, Tenasserim, Nov. 17 

(W. Davison). 
Pahpoon, Dec, Jan., Feb. (IF.

Davison). 

India Museum. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale CoU. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale CoU. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale CoU. 

Tweeddale CoU. 

Oates Coll. 

Hume CoU. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Dr. J. Anderson [C.]. 
Dr. J. Anderson [C.J. 
Hume CoU. 
Oates CoU. 
Oates CoU. 


W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

India Museum and 

Hodgson Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
India Museum. 


H. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 

(Type of M. maclellandi.) 

13 . CYANOPS. 
w3, v2. g ad.; w*. 
2 ad. sk. 

x:i. J ad. sk. 
y3. c?ad.; s3,a-$ 
ad.; 0. Ad. sk. 

y. $ ad. sk. 
8-z>. cJ ad.; £-<£. 
$ ad. sk. 
X- 2 ad.sk. 

^jco. d1 ad. sk. 

a', 3'. <$ ad.; /. 
$ ad. sk. 
d\ (J ad. sk. 

e'., cJ ad. sk. 

C-fx'. cJ ad.; */, 
f',o'. $ ad.sk. 
?/, p'. 5 ad. sk. 

a'. <$ ad.; r'-(j>'. 
$ ad.; x'. <f 
juv. sk. 
^'? ©'• 6 ? ad. 

a". Ak. sk. 
0". Ad. sk. 

y", 8". Ad. sk. 
c", C". 8 5 ad. 
sk. 
^''-V'. Ad.; £" 

Imm. sk. 
o". <$ ad. sk. 
TT", p". Ad. sk. 

Youn-za-Ieen, Salween disk, Hume Coll. 
Dec. (W. Davison). 
Zinzaway Forests, March 19 Hume Coll. 


(C. T. Bingham). 
Thatone, March, Nov., Dec. Hume Coll. 

(W. Davison), 
Myawadee, 
Jan. 18 (W. Hume Coll. 
JDavison). 


Kaukaryit, Dec, Jan., May- Hume Coll. 
Oct. (J. Darling). 
Kanee, Houngthraw, March 7 Hume Coll. 


(W. Davison). 
Thoungyeen River, March, Hume Coll. 
Sept. (C. T. Bingham). 
Moulniein, March and Nov. Hume Coll. 


(W. Davison). 
Paraduba, base of Mooleyit, Hume Coll. 
Jan. 26 (W. Davison). 
Near 
Yeaboo, Dec. 21 (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 

Amherst, Jan., March, June, Hume Coll. 
Dec. {W.Davison). 
Meeta Myo, June (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 

Tavoy, March, April, June Hume Coll. 

(W. Davison). 
Shymootee, May (W. Hume CoU. 
Davison). 

Mt. Sabab, Siam. Gould Coll. 
Chantaboon, Gulf of Siam, Tweeddale Coll. 

Sept. (L. C. Layard). 
Cambodia (Mouhot). Tweeddale CoU. 
Java (Diard). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Java. 

Wallace Coll. 

W. Java (Buxton). F. Nicholson, Esq, 
[p.]. 
20. Cyauops viridis. 
Le Barbu Vert, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vii. p. 107 (1780). 

Barbu de Mah<§, Daubent. PI. Enl vii. pi. 870. 

Green Barbet, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 504 (1782). 

Bucco viridis, JBodd. Tail. JPl. Enl p. 53 (1783) ; Gm. S. N. i. p. 408; 
Jerd. Madr. Journ. xi. p. 217 (1840) ; id. op. cit. xiii. p. 139 (1844); 
Blyth, J. A. S. B. xv. p. 13 (1846); Jerd. III. Ind. Orn. pi, 26 
(1847). 

Bucco caniceps (nee Frankl), Syhes, P. Z. S.1832, p. 97. 

Megalaima viridis, 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Blyth, Cat B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 67 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 144 (1850); 
Horsf. \ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. p. 639 (1856); Jerd. 

B. 
Ind. I p. 311 (1862); Goffin, Mus. Pays~Bas, Buccones, p. 32 
a 2 
CAPIT0NIDJ3. 

(1863), pt.; Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 13 (1868); id. Hand-l. 

B. ii. p. 175, no. 3459 (1870) ; Hume, Nests $ Eggs 2nd. B. p. 130 
(1873). 
Megakema viridis, 
Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 81, pi. 35 (1871) ; 
Butler, Str. F. 1875, p. 439 ; Fairb. Str. F. 1876, p. 255; Hume, 
t c. p. 391; Fairb. Str. F. 1877, p. 396; Davids. $ Wend. Str. F. 

vii. 1875, p. 78; Hume, Str. F. 1879, p. 88; Vidal, Str. F. ix. 
1880, p. 545; Butler, t. c. p. 387 ; id. Cat. B. S. Bomb. Fres. p. 25 
(1880) ; Beid, Cat. Lucknoio Mus. p. 36 (1886); Davidson, Str. F. 
x. 1887, pp. 298,358 ; Taylor, t. c. p. 458; McGregor, t. c. p. 437; 
Terry, t. c. p. 471. 
Megalaema sykesi, Hayes Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, p. 125 ; Hume, Str. F. 
1873, p. 4l9. 

Adult male. Bright grass-green; wing-coverts like the back; 
quills dusky blackish, externally green, the inner secondaries uniform 
green washed with blue, the primaries yellowish towards the 
end of the outer web; head all round, hind neck, and entire under 
surface of body hoary whitish, the feathers edged with light brown, 
a little darker on the head, fore neck, and breast; hind neck very 
distinctly streaked with brown and slightly tinted with green; the 
mantle-feathers green, with yellowish shaft-lines; sides of body and 
flanks bright green, edged with darker green; thighs and under 
tail-coverts uniform green; under wing-coverts yellowish buff; quills 
dusky below, yellowish along the inner web: " bill pale brown, 
darkening at tip of upper mandible; legs and feet greenish plumbeous 
; iris dark brown " (E. A. Butler). Total length 9*5 inches, 
culmen 1*35, wing 4*5, tail 2*95, tarsus 1*15, 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 9 inches, 
culmen 1*15, wing 4-6, tail 2*9, tarsus 1*1. 
Hal. Southern India. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Matheran, Feb. 3 (Hayes Lloyd). Tweeddale CoU. 
(Type of M. sykesi.) 
b-e. Ad. sk. Matheran, April, Nov. Hume Coll. 

f-h. d ? ad. sk. Mahableshwar, May (S. B. Fair-Hume Coll. 
bank). 
i, k. $ ad. sk. Khandala, March, April (S. B. Tweeddale Coll. 

Fairbank). 

/. Ad. sk. Western Ghats, Dec. 17. Hume Coll. 

m. Ad. sk. S. Xonkan, Nov. 7 (G. Vidal). Hume Coll. 
n-p. S $ ad. sk. Belgaum, Feb., Aug., Oct. (E. A. Hume Coll. 
Butler). 
q-s. Ad. sk. Deccan (Sykes). India Museum. 

t. tfad. sk. Mysore. 
Seebohm Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Madras. 
Dr. Jerdon [P.]. 
v. 
<$ ad.; w. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, June, Dec. Hume Coll. 
$ imm. sk. (Miss Cockbum). 
x, y. c? ad. sk. Coonoor, Nilghiris, Jan., April Hume Coll. 

(W. Damson). 
z. 2 ad. sk. Coonoor, Feb. 4 (F. Day). Hume Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Coonoor Ghat, April (B. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
14. HESOBtrcco.
b'-rf.<$ad.;h'-k'. Ootacainund, Nilghiris, Feb.- Hume Coll. 
$ ad. sk. March (W. Davison). 


V. dad. sk. Kullar, Nilghiris, Sept. 5. Hume Coll. 
m. c?ad. sk. Neddivuttum, Nilghiris. Hume Coll. 
n. d ad. sk. Seegore, Nilghiris, April 28 ( W. Hume Coll. 
Damson). 
o',p', q'. c^ad.ji Wynaad, March-May (W. Davi- Hume Coll. 
r'js'jf. Jad.sk. son). 
u\ $ ad. sk. Mangalore, April 17 {F. Day). Hume Coll. 
v -z'. $ ad. sk. Cannanore, Sept., Oct. (.ft. G. Tweeddale Coll. 


W. It.). 
a1'. Ad. sk. Malabar, Tweeddale Coll. 
b". Ad.sk. Malabar. SeebohmColl. 
c \ $ ad.; d". $ Periur, Lower Palani Hills, June Hume Coll. 
imm. sk. 14 (8. B. Fairbank), 

e". S ad.; $ ad.; Periur, Lower Palani Hills, June Tweeddale Coll. 
/'-*". 6 $ juv. (S. B. Fairbank). 
sk. 


I". Ad. sk. Travancore, March. F. W. Bourdillon 
[C.]. 
m'. (S ad. sk. Cardamum Hills, Travancore, Hume Coll. 
Feb. 21. 
n", o". <$ $ ad. Mynall, Travancore, Nov. (F. W. Hume Coll. 
sk. Bourditton). 
p". tfad.; q"-s". Mynall, Dec. F. W. Bourdillon 
$,ad. sk. [0.]. 
f-x". Ad. sk. Anjango, Travancore, Dec. Hume Coll. 

14. MESOBUCCO. 
Type; 
Mesobucco, Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 477 M. duvaucelL 

Range. Eastern Himalayas to Assam, Burma, and Tenasserim, 
down the Malayan Peninsula. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Ear-coverts black duvameli, p. 85. 
b. Ear-coverts blue cyanotis, p. 87. 
1. Mesobucco duvauceli. 
Bucco australis (nee jfforsf.), Hqffl. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiiu p. 285. 
Bucco duvauceli, Less. TraiU, p. 164 (1831). 
Bucco trimaculatus, J". F. Gray, ZooL Misc. p. 3 (1831) ; Blytht 


J. A. S. Beng. xvi. p. 465 (1847). 
Bucco frontalis, Temm. PL Col iii. pi. 536. fig. 1 (1832). 
Bucco gutturalis, Bote, Briefe Ost~Ind. no. 15 (1832). 
Bucco quadricolor, JEyton, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 105. 
Megalaima trimaculata, Gray} Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. Consp. 
Av. i. p. 143 (1850). 
Megalaima quadricolor, Bp, Consp. Av. i. p. 144 (1850). 


CAPITOIOJDJE. 

Xantholsema duvaucelii, Horsf. # Moore, Cat. B. Mus. P.I. Co. ii. 

p. 647 (1856) : Salvad. TJcc. Borneo, p. 38 (1874) ; Tweedd. Ibis, 
1877, p. 299; Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 240 ; id. P. Z. S.1881, p. 792; 
Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 389; Mutter, J.f.O.1882, p. 427; Biittik. 
Notes Leyden Mus. ix. p. 16 (1886); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. 
(2) iv. p. 529 (1887). 
Megalaima 
duvaucelii, Moore, P.Z.S. 1859, p. 455; Goffin, Mus. 
Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 28 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 

p. 11 (1868); id. Hand-l. B. ii. p. 175, no. 8450 (1870). 
Megalasma duvaucelii, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 75, pi. 33. figs. 
1, 2 (1871); Sharpe, Ibis, 1876, p. 35, 1877, p. 9 ; Hume, Str. F. 

viii. p. 53 (1879). 
Adult male. General colour above grass-green, with, sometimes 
a tinge of blue; wing-coverts like the back, with the bend of the 
wing blue; quills blackish, externally green like the back; tail-
feathers blue, green on the edges, the centre ones almost entirely 
green ; forehead and sinciput black, forming a broad band; hinder 
crown and nape dull prussian-blue, inclining to verditer; a loral 
spot verditer-blue, some of the feathers at the base of the forehead 
also tipped with verditer; on each side of the head above the ear-
coverts a broad streak of crimson; region of the eye, ear-coverts, 
and fore part of cheeks black, with a broad streak of crimson below 
the eye and another on the hinder cheeks; throat verditer-blue, 
followed by a black patch on the lower throat and fore neck, the 
lower feathers of this patch edged with verditer-blue ; remainder of 
under surface from the fore neck downwards emerald-green, slightly 
inclining to golden on the breast; on the chest there is generally a 
tinge of scarlet; under wing-coverts light yellowish green, with the 
edges of the wing blue. Total length 5*7 inches, culmen 0*7, 
wing 3, tail 1*65, tarsus 0-8. 

Adult female. Similar in colour to the male. Total length 5-2 
inches, culmen 0'75, wing 3, tail 1*55, tarsus 0*75. 

Young. Entirely green above and below, with a little yellow on 
the face and cheeks, and a slight appearance of black on the lower 
throat; the black on the forehead and all the bright marking of the 
head and throat absent. 

Bah. Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Eorneo. 

a. $ ad. sk. Lumut, Dingding River, Feb. 26 Hume Coil. 
( W. Davison). 
b-h. c?ad.; l-p. $ Klang, Salangore, Feb., March, Hume Coll. 
ad.etimm. sk. June, July, Sept. (W. Davison). 
q-z. Ad. etjuv.sk. Malacca, July, Aug., Sept. • Hume Coll. 
«',&'.<£ ad.; c', d'. Malacca, Aug. (P. G. W. P.). Tweeddale Coll. 

5 ad. et juv. sk. 
e'~i\ Ad. et iuv. - Malacca (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 

sk. J 
k'. 5 imm. sk. Johore, Aug. 9 (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
i', on'. Ad. sk. Singapore, Nov. Hume Coll. 
n'. Juv. ak. Singapore. Wallace Coll. 

14 . MESOBUCCO. 87 
o'-r1 . Ad. sk, Sumatra. 
s'. tf ad. sk.
t'-w'. Ad. sk. 
Siedjoimdjoung, Sumatra, Oct.
(CI Bock), 
Lampong, S.E. Sumatra {E. C.
Buxton), 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
x'. Ad. sk. N.W. Borneo. Tweeddale Coll. 
y'. <$ ad. sk.
z', a". Ad. sk. 
Sarawak [A. R. Wallace). 
Sarawak. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
b". S ad. sk. Santabong, Sarawak, March (A.
H. Everett). 
Salvin-Godman 
CoU. 

2. Mesobucco cyanotis. 
Bucco australis (nee Horsf.), Blyth, J. A. S. Benq. xv. p. 13 

(1846). 
Bucco cyanotis, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xvi. p. 465 (1847). 
Megalaima trimaculata (pt.), Blyth. Cat. B. Mas. As. Soe. p. 68 

(1849). 
Megalaima duvaucelii (pt.), Gray, List Capit. Brit. 3fus. p. 10 
(1868). 
Megalsema cyanotis, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 77, pi. 33. &g. 3 
(1871); Blyth $ Wald. B. Burm. p. 74 (1875); Hume, Str. F. 

v. p. 27 (1877); Hume $ Davison, Str. F. vi. pp. 155, 502 (1878); 
Hume, Str. F. viii. pp. 88,155 (1879); Tiraud, Bull Soc. Agric. 
Cochin Chine, 1879, p. 91; Bingham, Str. F. ix. p. 166 (1880); 
Oates, Str. F. x. p. 192 (1882) ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. 
(2) v. p. 564 (1888). 
Cyanops cyanotis, Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 11. 
Xantkolsema cyanotis, Hume, Str. F. ii. p. 470 (1874) ; id. § Gates, 
Str. F. iii. p. 77 (1875) ; Hume, Str. F. v. p. 27 (1877); Oates, 
Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 137 (1883). 

Adult male. Similar to M. duvauce/i, but distinguished by its 
entirely blue ear-coverts: " bill black; base of lower mandible 
slightly tinged reddish horny; legs and feet dirty green, claws 
bluish black; iris very dark brown " (W. Davison). Total length 
5*7 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 3*1, tail 1*6, tarsus 0-7. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but duller in colour. Total 
length 5'2 inches, culmen 0-7, wing 2*95, tail 1*65, tarsus 0*75. 
Young. Nearly all green, without any of the bright colours of the 
head beyond a little blue on the throat. 
Hah. Eastern Himalayas into Tenasserim. 

a-c. Ad. sk. Native Sikhim, March, July, Oct. Hume Coll. 

(L. Mandelli). 
a<i skN. Khasia Hills, Jan. (A. W. Tweeddale Coll. 
d, e. $--

Chennell). 
/ . Ad. sk. Assam (A. W. Chennell). Tweeddale Coll. 

g. Ad. sk. Kamroop, Assam (A. W. Chennell). Tweeddale Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Dibrugkur. Tweeddale Coll. 
i. tfjuv. sk. Dibrughur, Aug. (J". JR. Cripps). Hume Coll. 
k. $ ad. sk. Sadhya, June {J. Cochburn). Hume Coll. 
I Ad. sk. Cachar. Hume Coll. 
CAFI'IOJSID^. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

m. Ad. sk. N. Cacbar. 
n. (S ad. sk. Conimillah, Tipperah. Hume Coll. 
o3 p. Ad. sk. Karen Hills, Jan., Nov. (E. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
w. a.). 
Oates Coll. 

q. (J ad. sk. Lower Pegu, May. Hume Coll. 
r. 
S ad. sk. Kyouknyat, Tenasserim, Feb. ( W. 
Davison). Hume Coll. 
s, S ad. sk. Thoungyeen Forests, March (C. T. 
Bine/ham), 

Hume Coll. 

t <$ ad. sk. Phabya, Feb. (C. T. Bingham). 

Hume Coll. 

u, v. S S ad. sk. Foot "of N'walabo, April (W. 
Davison). 

Hume Coll. 

w. $ ad. sk. Meeta Myo, April (W. Davison), 
Hume Coll. 

x. $ ad. sk. Tavoy, A'pril (TV. Davison). 
Hume Coll. 

y-d. S ad. et Malawun, Jan., April (W. Daviimm. 
sk. son), 

Oates Coll. 

b'. <$ ad. sk. Malawun, March, 

Hume Coll. 

r', d'. $ ad. sk. Salang, Feb. (J. Darling). 

Hume Coll. 

e'. J ad. sk. Tapraw, April (J. Darling). 

15. XANTHOL-ffiMA. 
Type. 
Xanthelasma, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). X. hsematocephala. 

Range. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, extending down the 
Malayan Peninsula to Java, Sumatra, and the Philippine Islands. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Throat yellow; a crimson spot on the fore 
neck. 
a'. Sides of body streaked; cheeks black like 
ear-coverts htematocephala, p. i 
b'. 
Sides of body emerald-green like the breast, 
not streaked; cheeks verditer-blue like the 
ear-coverts rztbricapilla, p. 93. 

b. 
Throat blue; crown blue ; ear-coverts green ; 
a yellow patch below the eye austraHs, p. 94. 
c. Throat crimson. 
c'. Flanks green, with darker green centres; 
hinder cheeks verditer-blue; fore parts of 
cheeks crimson malabarica, p. 95, 


d'. Flanks yellow, streaked with green: fore 
part of cheeks black; hinder cheeks dull 
iron-grey. 


a'f. Cheek-band bordering the red of throat 
jet-black; throat never mottled with 
yellow rosea, p. 96. 


h". 
Cheek-band bordering the red of throat 
olive-grey ; red of throat and near the 
eye often mottled with yellow intermedia, p, 97. 

15 . XANTHOLJBMA. 

1. XantholsBma hsBmatocephala. 

Le 
Barbu des Philippines, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 99 (1760); Baubent 
PI. Mil. Yii.pl. 331. 
Bucco haemacephalus, P. L. S. Midi. S. N, Anhang, p. 88 (1776, ex 
Baube?it) ; Cass. Proc. Acad. Phil 1864, p. 242. 
Barbu a gorge jaune, Buff. Hist. Nat Ois. vii. p. 102, pi. 5 
(1780). 
? Le Petit Barbu, Buff. Hist Nat Ois. vii. p. 105 (1780), Senegal! 
? Barbu du Senegal, Baubent. PL Enl. vii. pi. 746. fig. 2. 
Yellow-throated Barbet, Lath, Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 500 (1782). 
Little Barbet, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 503 (1782). 
Buff-faced Barbet, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 504, pi. xxii. (1782). 
Bucco flavigula, Bodcl Tall PI Enl p. 20 (1783, ex Baubent.). 
? Bucco nanus, Bodd. Tabl. PL Enl p. 47 (1783, ex Baubent.). 
Indian Barbet, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl i. p. 97 (1787). 
Bucco philippinensis, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 407 (1788, ex Briss.); 
Maffl. Trans. Linn. Soo. xiii. p. 283 (1820); Less. TraitL p. 163 
(1831). 
? Bucco parvus, Gm. Syst Nat. i. p. 407 (1788, ex Buff.). 
Bucco lathami, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 408 (1788). 
Bucco indicus, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 205 (1790). 
** Le Barbu a collier rouge, Levaill Hist. Nat. Barbus, ii. p. 78, pi. 33 
(1806). 
Le Barbu a plastron rouge, Levaill Hist. Nat Barbus* ii. p. 81, pi. 36 
(1806). 
Capito lathami, Vieill N. Bict. iv. p. 499 (1816). 
Capitoflavicollis,Bonn, et Vieill Enc. MSth. p. 1424 (1823). 
Bucco rubricollis, Cuv. Hegne Anim. i. p. 457 (1829, ex Levaill). 
Bucco luteus, Less. Traite, p. 163 (1831), var.; Bes Murs, Icon. 
Orn. pi. 21. 
Bucco rafflesius {nee Less.), Boie, Brief. Ost-lnd. no. 15 (1832). 
Megalaima philippensis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Blyth, 
Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 68 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 144 
(1850). 
? Megalaima parva, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846). 
Megalaima lathami, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846). 
Megalaima rafflesius, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 144 (1850); Gray, Hand-l 

B. i i p. 175, no. 8452 (1870). 
Xanthola^ma philippensis, Bp. Consp. Valuer. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 
Xantholsema flavigula, Bp. Consp. Valuer. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 
XantTiolsenia indica, Horsf. fy Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii, 

p. 644 (1856); Gould, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 151; Jerd. B. Ind. i. 

p. 315 (1862) ; Beavan, Ibis, 1865, p. 412; Blyth, Ibis, 1866, 

p. 359; Beavan, Ibis, 1869, p. 416; Godiv.-Aust J. A. S. Beng. 

xxxix. p. 267 (1870) ; Stol t. c. p. 289 (1870); Wald. Ibis, 1871, 

p. 162; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 430; Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 12; 
Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. p. 131 (1873). 
Megalaima indica, Moore, P. Z. S.1859, p. 454. 
Megalasma philippensis, Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 229; Schomb. Ibis, 1864, 

p. 258; Von Martens, J.f.O. 1866, p. "20. 
Megalaima flavigula, Gojffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 24 (1863); 
Snellemanin VetNs Midden-Sumatra, Vog.y. 35 (1885). 
Megalaima rubrifrons, Gray, List Cap it Brit. Mus, p. 11 (1868); 
id. Hand-l B. ii. p. 175, no. 8453 (1*70). 

yv CAPITOiaDJEG* 

Megalaima hsemacephala, Gray, Kand-l. B. ii. p. 175, no. 8448 

(1870). 

Xantholasma hsernatocephala, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 101, pi. 

42 (1871). 

Xanthelasma h&inacephala, Hayes Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, p. 407 ; Blyth 

$ Wald. B. Burm. p. 74 (1875) ; Wald. Tr. Z. S. ix. p. 156 (1877),* 

Tweed. Ibis, 1877, p. 299; id. P. Z. S. 1877, pp. 690, 823; id. 

P. Z. S. 1878, p. 944; Ball, Str. F. vii. p. 206 (1878); Cripps, t c 
p. 264; Legge, B. Ceylon, I p. 218 (1879); Hume, Str. F. 1879, 
pp. 53, 58; Scully, t c. p. 253; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. xiv. 
p. 180 (1879); Vidal, Str. F. ix. p. 54 (1880); Bingham, t.c. 
p. 166; Butler, t. c. p. 387 ; Wardlaw Ramsay, Tweedd. Mem* 
p. 656 (1881); Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 390; Nicholson, Ibis, 1883, 
p. 243 ; Oates, Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 136 (1883) : Murray, 
Vertebr. Faun. Si?id,-p. 116* (1884); Swinh. ty Barnes, Ibis, 1885, 
p. 63 ; Biittik Notes Leyden Mus. ix. p. 16 (1886); Beid, Cat. 
Luck/now Mus. p. 31 (1886); id. Str. F. x. p. 26 (1887); Davison, 
t. o. pp. 299, 358; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) iv. p. 577 
(1887), v. p. 564 (1888). 
Xanthelasma raffiesii, Tiraud, Bull. Soc. Agric. Coch. Ch. 1879, 

p. 91. 
Adult male. General colour above olive-green, with a yellowish 
shade, many of the feathers being edged with yellow ; lesser wingcolours 
grass-green, as also the outer median and greater coverts, 
which otherwise resemble the back ; bastard-wing, primary.coverts, 
and quills blackish, externally grass-green, the primaries yellowish 
towards the end of the outer web, the inner secondaries like the 
back; tail-feathers green above, bluish beneath; a broad frontal 
band of scarlet, followed by a black band across the crown; the 
occiput, nape, and hind neck rather more bluish green ; lores black; 
a narrow streak above the eye and a broad one below the latter 
bright sulphur-yellow; sides of face, cheeks, and ear-coverts black, 
in continuation of the black band of the crown ; hinder cheeks and 
hinder ear-coverts washed with bluish green ; throat bright sulphur-
yellow ; sides of the neck green, washed with bluish grey; lower 
throat mixed with black; fore neck bright scarlet, followed by a 
shade of bright golden yellow on the chest; rest of the under surface 
pale yellow, streaked with green centres to the feathers of the 
sides of the body, flanks, and under tail-coverts; centre of breast 
and abdomen yellowish white; under wing-coverts pale yellow, 
green on the edge of the wing; quills below dusky, yellowish along 
the inner edge : " bill dark horny slate-colour, pale at the base of 
both mandibles; legs and feet deep coral-pink: iris dark brown, 
with a pale or pearly-grey outer circle" (W. V. Legge). Total 
length 6*4 inches, culmen 0*65, wing 3-35, tail 1-6, tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but the colours not quite so 
vivid. Total length 5*8 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 3*25, tail 1*4, 
tarsus 0*75. 

Young. Differs from the adult in wanting the scarlet on the head 
and the bright colours of the underparts. Uniform green above, 

15 . XANTHOL^EMA. 
9L 
with yellowish-white edgings to the wing-coverts and secondaries; 
a pale yellow mark above and below the eye; cheeks and ear-
coverts blackish; throat and abdomen pale yellow; fore neck and 
breast dull green, the breast and sides of body narrowly streaked 
with green. 

Hah. Ceylon and the Indian Peninsula, extending throughout the 
Burmese countries down the Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra and the 
Philippines. 

a-d. $ ? ad. sk, Ceylon. 

e. Ad. sk, Anjango, Travancore, Dec. Hume Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. Malabar. Tweeddale Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Calicut. Hume Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Coorpf. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
k. $ 
ad. sk. Sultan'sBattery,Wynaad, April Hume Coll. 
4 (W. Davison). 
I. (S ad. sk. Coonoor Ghat, Sept. 23 (22. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. JR.). 
m, n. S 2 ad. sk. Seegore, Nilghiris, Feb. 20 ( W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 


o. $ ad. sk. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, April 12 Hume Coll. 
(Miss Cochbum). 
p~w. <$ $ ad. sk. Bangalore, April, May, Sept.- Tweeddale Coll. 
Nov. {B. G. W. JR.). 
x\ 
Ad. sk. Madras. Eev. H. H. Baber 
[P.]. 

y. Ad. sk. Madras, April (W, Davison). Hume Coll. 
a. $ ad. sk. Madras, June 14 (E. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. &). 
a'. 5 ad. sk. Pothanore, Oct. 13. Hume Coll. 
V, c'. Ad.; d', Deccan (Sykes). India Museum. 
Imm. sk. 
e',/',</. d ad.; Belgaum, Feb., May, June, Hume Coll. 
h'. 2 ad. Oct. (R A. Butler). 
%'. ? juv. sk. Khandala, April 20 (& B. Tweeddale Coll. 
Fairbank). 
k'-n'. S a-d.; o'-Ahmednuggur, Jan., Sept., Tweeddale Coll. 


r'. J ad. sk. Oct., Dec. (& B. Fairbank). 
«'. Ad. sk. Matheran, Nov. 1. Hume Coll. 
t'. $ ad. sk. Mahableshwar, May 26 (8. B. Hume Coll. 


Fairbank). 
u'-w'. Ad. sk. Khandeish. Tweeddale Coll. 
*'-&". dad.; c". Khandeish, Dec. (J. Davidson). Hume Coll. 


5 ad. sk. 

d". $ ad. sk. Mhow, Dec. 15. Colonel SwinhoefT 
e"-i". Ad. sk. Kamptee. Dr.H.B.Hinde[P. 
k". Ad. sk. K-aipur. Hume Coll. 

I", m". 6 $ ad. Maunbhoom, Dec. 20 (22. C. Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. Beavan). 
n". dad. ;o".$ Calcutta, Jan., Aug. Hume Coll. 
juv. sk. 


Saugor. 
Hume Coll. 

p". Ad. sk. 

Deesa, Feb., March (E. A. Hume Coll. 

*",*•".<?;«".? 

Butler).

ad. sk. 

CAPJ.TOffID.ffl. 

*". Ad. sk. Mt. Aboo. 
u"~iv". (S ad.; Sambhur, Jan., Feb., April 

x". tf juv. sk. (B. M. Adam). 
y"-a3. Ad. sk. Delhi. 
b\ dad.sk. Delhi, Feb. 8 (C. T. Bingham). 
c3, <#3,e\ tf ad.sk. Gurgaon, Feb., March (W. N. 

Chill). 
/3,<73. tfad.sk. Umbala, Nov. (R. C. Beavan). 
h\ Ad. sk. Lahore, March. 

«3. Juv. sk. Himalayas, Dec. 2 (J. A. Far-
veil). 
#, P. J ad.; m\ Dehra Dhoon. 
$ ad. sk. 
w3. $ ad. sk. Bareilly, May 9. 
°3) f\ !Z3« Ad. sk. Sarun district, Etawah. 
r3, s3. (S ad.; £3. Futtehgurh district, Jan., April 

? ad. sk. {A. Anderson). 
w3. $ ad. sk. Jhansi district, Oct. 1% 
v3, toz. <$ ad. sk. Allahabad, Feb., Dec. 
#3. Ad. sk. Oudh. 
yz. Ad. sk. Oudh. 
z\ Ad. sk. Behar. 

oc. Ad. sk. 
Behar (B. II. Hodgson). 

>S? y, 8. Ad. sk. 
Nepal (B. H. Hodgson).

€. c? ad.; £. Juv. 
Nepal Valley, June, Nov. (j. 

sk. 
Scully).

77. Ad. sk. 
Sikhim Terai, March (L. Mantf. 
Juv. sk. 
Darjeeling. 

1. 
Ad. sk. Bliotan Terai, Jan. (X. Mandelli). 
/c. Ad. sk. Bhotan Doars, Feb. (X. Mandelh). 


X. Ad. sk. Assam (McClelland). 
fji. Ad. sk. "Upper Assam. 
j/. Ad. sk. 
Khasia Hills. 

f. (5 ad. sk. 
Lakipur, Cachar, Jan. 1 (A. 
0. H.). 
0,7T. Ad. sk. 
Dacca. 
Thayetmyo district (JE. W. 

p. 
Ad. sk. Oates). 
Borougho Island, March (/. 
cr, r. c? ad. sk. Armstrong). 
Elephant Point, Rangoon, Dec. 

v. tf ad. sk. 7 (J. Armstrong). 
<£. tf ad. sk. Rangoon, Oct. 
*. c5 ad. sk. Rangoon, Dec. 7 [B.G. W. 22.). 
^6). (5 $ ad. sk. Karen-nee, March 28 (B. G. 
W. JR.). 
a'-e'. 6 ad-J f ~ Tonghoo, April, June, Nov., 
Dec. (B. G. W. B.). 
$', <5 ad. sk. Tonghoo, Oct. 
t'. d ad. sk. Pahpoon, Jan. 21 (W. Dam


son ). 

Colonel Butler [P.]. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Gould CoU. 


Hume Coll. 

Hume Cull. 

Hume Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 
India Museum. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll, 

India Museum. 

R. B. Sharpe. Esq. 
[P.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Oates Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

15. XANTH0L.2BMA.
*'-£'. & ad.; o', Moulmein, Feb., March, Nov., Hume Coll. 
n\ p'. ? ad. sk.
<r'~v'. $ ad. sk. 
Dec. (W. Davison). 
Amherst, March, June, July Hume Coll. 
(W. Davison),

1'

ft, x 6 ad. sk. Thatone, Oct. 25 (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 

y. S imm. sk. Tavoy, May ltt (TF. Davison). Hume Coll. 
co'. J ad. sk. Mergui, Dec. 8 (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
a". cJad.sk. Pakehan, Jan. 26 (JF. JDaw- Hume Coll. 
sew). 
j8". dad. sk. Bangkok, Siam, March 30. E. Bowdler Sharpe, 
Esq. [P.]. 

y"~C> <$ ad. et Kossoom, April, May (J. Dar- Hume Coll. 
juv.; TJ". $ ad. ling). 
sk. 

4"-K". <5 ad. sk. Island of Tonka, Jan. (J*. Dar- Hume Coll. 

ling). 
X", /A", tfad. sk. Taroar, Feb. (J". Darling). Hume Coll. 
V"-T". tf ad. et Salang, Feb., March (J. Dar- Hume Coll. 

juv.; t/'-co". $ &W£r). 

ad. et juv. sk. 
a3,/^.^ $ ad.sk. Poongah, Aug. (J. Darling). Hume Coll. 
y3. Ad. sk. Keddah (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
S3. Ad. sk. Province Wellesley (Dr. Can- India Museum. 

tor). 

€3 

. Ad. sk. Sumatra. Wallace Coll. 
f3. Ad. sk. Acheen, Sumatra, Feb. 4 (W. Hume Coll. 

Davison). 
T?3-K3. Ad. sk. Sumatra (Carl Bocli). Tweeddale Coll. 
X3. Ad. sk. Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (E. C. Tweeddale Coll. 

Buxton). 
[i3, v\ Ad.; g8. Philippine Islands. Gould Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
o3, 7r3. S ad.; Luzon, Jan., Feb., April (A. B. Tweeddale Coll. 
p3-r*. 2 ad. sk. Meyer). 
v3, <jf>3. <? ad.; Monte Alban, Luzon, March Tweeddale Coll. 
x3. $ ad. sk. (A. H. Everett). 
iL . $> ad. sk. Surigao, N. Mindanao, May (^L. Tweeddale Coll. 

H. Everett). 
G>3. ? juv. sk. Placer, N. Mindanao, July (A. Tweeddale Coll. 
H. Everett). 
a\ 3 ad. sk. Zamboanga, Mindanao, March Tweeddale Coll. 
(A. II. Everett). 
2. Xantliolsema rubricapiUa. 
The Red-crown Barbet, Brown, III. Zool. p. 30, pi. 14 (1776); 

Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 505 (1782). 
Bucco rubricapillus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 408 (1788). 
Le Barbu Barbichon, Levaill Hist Nat. Barbus, ii. p. 131, pi. 56 

(1806). 
Capito rubricapillus, Vieill. N. Diet. Hist. Nat iv. p. 497 (1816). 
Bucco barbiculus, Cuv. JRegne Anim. i. p. 428, note (1817). 
Megalaima rubricapilla, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1849); Blyth, 

Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 68 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 144 (1850); 

CAPIT0NIDJ2. 

Kelaart. Prodr. Cat. p. 127 (1852); Layard, Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. 
Hist. xiii. p. 448 (1854); Horsf. # Moore, Cat. B. Mus. HI. Co. 

ii. p. 646 (1854) j Gqffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 26 (1863); 
Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 9 (1868); id. Hand-l B. ii. 
p. 174, no. 8446 (1870). 
Xantholserna 
rubricapilla, Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 297; Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit. p. 109, pi. 44 (1871); Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, 

p. 430 ; Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 15• Hume, Str. F. vii. p. 370 
(1878), 1879, p. 88; Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 215, pi. xi. tig. 1 
(1879). 
Adult male. Resembles X. malabarica in having the blue shade 
on the sides of the face and neck, and has the head similar, hut 
differs in having a narrow black line across the base of the forehead 
; also in having the lores and throat, as well as a spot above 
and another below the eye, orange-yellow ; the lower throat mixed 
with black and followed by a scarlet spot on the fore neck: " bill 
black, pale beneath at the base; legs and feet opaque coral-red, 
claws blackish; orbital skin dull red; iris brown or reddish 
brown" (W. V. Legge). Total length 5-5 inches, culmen 0*65, 
wing 3, tail 1*4, tarsus 0*75. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 6 inches, 
culmen 0*65, wing 3, tail 1*45, tarsus 0*7. 
Hob. Ceylon. 

a. Ad. sk. Ceylon. 
T.Thwaites.Esq. 
[c.] q 

b~h. Ad. et imm. ,* Ceylon (H. Nevill). Tweeddale Coll. 
i-m. J ad. sk. 
n, o. tf ad. sk. Gampala, Feb. (H. Nevill). Tweeddale Coll. 

p. ($ ad. sk. Valadora, April 22 (S. Chapman). Tweeddale Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. Ambapassa, July 8 (S. Chapman). Tweeddale Coll. 
r, s. Ad. sk. Dambookke, July (S. Chapman). Tweeddale Coll. 
t, u. 5 ad. sk. Awisawella, Dec. (S. Chapman). Tweeddale Coll. 
v,w. tf $ ad.sk. Hangwella, Dec. (S. Chapman). Tweeddale Coll. 
x-z. $ ad. sk. Ragam Corale, April and May Hume Coll. 
(Messrs. Hart). 
ar. tf ad. sk. Colombo, Oct 31 ( W. V. Legge). Hume Coll. 
b', c'. <$ J ad. sk. Balapetya. Hume Coll. 
a". 2 ad. sk. Galle, May (J2. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll. 
e'. $ ad. sk. South Ceylon, June 27 (W. V. Seebohm Coll. 

Legge). 

3. Xanthelasma australis. 
Bucco australis, Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 101 (1820); Hartl. 
JRev. Zool. 1842, p. 337; Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xvi. p. 446 

(1847). 
Bucco cyanocephalus, Reinw. Batav. Courant, Feb. 1820. 
Bucco gularis, Temm. PI. Col. iii. pi. 89. ftg. 2 (1824). 
Megalaima australis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1846); Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 143 (1850); Gray, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 358? Coffin, Mus. Pays-
Bas, Buccones, p. 29 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Bi*it. Mus. p. 11 
(1868) • id. Hand-l B. ii. p. 174, no. 8449 (1870). 
15 . XANTH0L2EMA. 
95 

Xantholaema australis, Horsf. § Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I Co. ii. 

p. 648 (1856). 
Megalsema 
australis, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 73, pi, 32 j 
Nicholson, Ibis, 1881, p. 142. 

Adult male. General colour above grass-green with a slight 
wash of blue, the wings a little lighter green than the hack, with a 
decided blue shade on 1he carpal bend, primary-coverts, and outer 
edge of the primaries; tail bluish above and below, the centre 
feathers washed with green; forehead and vertex blue, slightly-
spangled with small central spots of cobalt; over the eye a streak of 
cobalt; ear-coverts light green, with a slight yellowish tinge on 
the hinder cheeks: fore part of cheeks with a spot of bright 
yellow ; throat verditer-blue, with paler blue central lines; the blue 
throat followed by a black patch on the lower throat, which is 
followed by a shade of bright yellow on the fore neck, which 
gradually shades off into the green of the rest of tho underparts; 
under wing-coverts yellowish buff; quills dusky below, yellowish 
buff along the inner edges. Total length 6*2 inches, culmen 0*7, 
wing 2*9, tail 2*1, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but not so brightly coloured. 
Total length 6'5 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 2*9, tail 1*65, tarsus 
0*7. 

Bah. Java. 

a& sk


a,b. <$ 2 E. Java. 
Wallace Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. E. Java. Tweeddale Ooll. 
d. Ad. sk. Java. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. Java (Diard). Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
/. 
Ad. sk. Java (Dr. Horsfield). India Museum. 
(Type of species.) 

g. Ad. sk. [Java.] 
Gould Coll. 
4. Xantholaema malabarica. 
Bucco barbiculus (nee Cuv.), Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 13 (1846); 

Jerd. Madr. Journ. xiii. p. 140 (1844). 
Bucco malabarica, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xvi. pp. 386, 465 (1847). 
Megalaima malabarica, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. 8oc, App. p. 336 

(1849); Goffin, Mus. Bays-Bas, Buccones,; p. 27, note (1863); 
Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 9 (1868); id. JKand-l. B. ii. 

p. 175, no. 8451 (1870). 
Xantholaema malabarica, Horsf.fy Moore, Cat B. Mus. E.l. Co. ii. 
p. 647 (1856); Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 317 (1862); id. Ibis, 1872, 
p. 12; Hume, 8tr. F. iv. p. 392 (1876), viii. p. 88 (1879); Vidal, 
8tr. F. ix. p. 54 (1880); Butler, t. c. p. 387; id. Cat. B. 8. Bomb. 
Pres. p. 26 (1880); BeidK Cat. Luchnow Mus. p. 38 (1886). 
Megalaema malabarica, Fairb. 8tr. F. iv. p. 225 (1876); Davison, 
8tr. F. x. p. 358 (1877). 

Adult male. General colour above grass-green, with paler green 

CAPITONIDJE. 

edges to the feathers; wing-coverts like the back, the external ones 
a little more bluish green; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and 
quills blackish, externally green; the primaries yellowish towards 
the end of the outer web; inner secondaries like the back; tail-
feathers green above, bluish below; a broad frontal band and a 
streak above and below the eye crimson; across the vertex a 
narrower band of black, extending to behind the eye and in a 
narrow line behind the red spot below the latter; loral band 
extending down the throat entirely black; sides of the face, ear-
coverts, and cheeks light hoary blue, the fore part of the cheeks 
with a crimson spot, followed by a shade of bright yellow, which 
also skirts the throat, which is bright crimson, mixed with black 
on the lower throat, and is followed by a shade of bright yellow 
on the fore neck; remainder of the under surface of body pale 
green, mottled with darker green centres to the feathers of the 
sides of the breast, sides of bod}r, and flanks; thighs and under tail-
coverts light green; under wing-coverts and axillaries yellowish, 
green near the edge of the wing; quills below dusky, yellowish 
along the inner edge. Total length 6*3 inches, culmen 0*6, wing 
3*25, tail 1*35, tarsus 0*75. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 6 inches, 
culmen 0*6, wing 3*05, tail 1*55, tarsus 0*75. 

Young. Green all over, with a yellow tinge on the forehead and 
a wash of orange on the throat and sides of the face; breast and 
abdomen pale green. 

Hob. Southern India. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. § ad. sk.
c. 5 juv. sk.
d. 2 ad. sk.
e-p. $ ad. etjuv.; q-v. Jad. et juv. sk. 
w. cS ad! sk.
cc-a'. $ ad. sk. 
S. India. 
Cardamum Hills, Travancore, 
Feb. 21 (H. J. Elwes). 
Kendara, West base of Palani 
Hills, April 15 (S. B. Fair-
bank). 
Western Ghats, Mysore, July 2. 
Wynaad, March-May, Bee. ( W. 
Davison). 
Karoli, Wynaad, May 13 (W. 
Davison), 
Tillichiri, Madras, Oct. (JR. G. 
Eyton Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
W. R.\. 
b'-g'. Ad. sk.
h'. Ad. sk. 
Chawachiri, Madras, Aug. & Oct. 
(R. G. W. R.). 
Madras (Wright). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
India Museum. 

5. Xantholaema rosea. 
Le 
Barbu rose-gorge, Levaill Hist. Nat. Ois. Paradis, ii. p. 75, 
33 (1806). 
Bucco roseus, Dumont, Bid. $ci. Nat. (1st ed.) iv. p. 52 (1806, 
ex Zewiliy; Cuv. Rbgne An. i. p. 428 (1817). 

15 . XANTH0L2EMA. 
Capito rosaceicollis, Vieill. N. Diet d'llist Nat iv, p. 500 (1816). 
Bucco philippensis (nee Gm.), Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 181 

(1820). r 
Bucco roseicollis, Vigors, Mem. Raffl. p. G07 (1830). 
Megalaima rosea, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 429 (1840); Bp. Consp. Av. i. 

p. 14 (1850) ; Goffin, Mus. P-B. Buccones, p. 27 (1868); Gray, 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 174, BO. 8445 (1870). 
Xanthelasma rosea, Horsf.fyMoore, Cat. B. Mus. El. Co. ii. p. 646 
(1856); Marshall, Monoqr. Capit p. 107, pi. 43 (1871) ; Walden, 
Tr. Z. 8. ix, p. 157 (1875); id. Ibis, 1877, p. 299; Nicholson, Ibis, 
1881, p. 142; Vorder??i. Nat Tijdschr. Nederl. Ind. xli. p. 187 
(1882) ; (d. op. cit xlvi. p. 71 (1887). 

Adult male. Similar to X. hcematocephala, but distinguished by 
the crimson streak below the eye and also by the crimson throat: 
" bill black, the naked orbital skin red ; feet greenish yellow, the 
claws black; iris dark brown " (Dr. Vorderman). Total length 
5*5 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 3-1, tail 1*35, tarsus 0'7. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 5'5 inches, 
culmen 0*7, wing 2*85, tail 1*25, tarsus 0*7. 
Young. Green like the young of X. hcematocejphala, but with the 
throat tinged with red instead of yellow. 
Hob. Java, Sumatra, and Bali. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (E. Tweeddale Coll. 

C. Buxton), 
c-e. Ad. sk. Java. s Tweeddale Ooll. 
/ . Ad. sk.
g, h. Ad. sk.
i, k. Ad.; I, m, 
Java. 
Java. 
Java (Horsfield). 
Seebohm Coll. 
Gould Coll, 
India Museum. 
Juv. sk. 
n, o. 6 $ ao^ sk.
p. Ad.; q. Imm.;
r, s. Juv. sk.
t. Ad. sk. 
Java (Leiden Museum). 
West Java (Buxton). 
East Java. 
Salvin-Grodman Coll. 
F. Nicholson, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Wallace Coll. 
u. Ad. sk.
v. § ad. sk. 
East Java (A. It. Wallace). 
Bali. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 

6. Xautholaema intermedia. 
Xantholsema rosea (nee Dum.), Walden, Ibis, 1872, p. 100; id. Tr. 

Z. S. ix. pp. 131, 157, 250 (1875); Tweeddale, P. Z. S. 1877, 
p. 758,1878, p. 283. 
Adult male. Yery similar to X rosea, but differs in the upper 
parts being uniform green with no pale edges to the feathers; the 
cheek-band is in front black, passing into olive-grey down the 
sides of the red throat; under surface of the body more strongly 
marked with brighter green centres to the feathers : " iris brown : 
feet coral; bill black" (L. C. Layard). Total length 6-6 inches, 
culmen 0-8, wing 3-2, tail l-75, tarsus 0*85. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but with the eye-spot and 
VOL. xix. H 

CAPIT0XIDJ2. 

throat much, mottled with yellow. Total length 5*7 inches, culmen 
0-9, wing 3-2, tail 1-4, tarsus 0*75. 

Not fully adult Differs from the fully adult in having the eye-
marks and the lower throat intermixed and streaked with yellow : 
" bill black ; legs and feet coral-red; iris hazel-brown " (A. Everett). 
Total length 5*8 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 3*2, tail 1*3, tarsus 
0-95. 

Hah. Islands of Negros and Cebu, Philippines. 

a. d ad. sk,
b. S imin. sk. 
Negros, Feb. (Z. C. Layard). 
Valencia, Negros, Aug. (A. H. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
c,d. J $ ad. sk.
Everett). 
Cebu, April (A. H. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 

16. PSILOPOaOK 
Type. 
Psilopogon, S. Mutler, Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. JPhys. 


ii. p. 339 (1835) ' P. pyrolophus. 
Pseudobucco, Bes Murs, Eneycl Hist Nat ii. p. 24 
(1849) P. pyrolophus. 
Buccotrogon, Von Kreling, Jahr. Nat. Gesch. Emden, 
1852, p. 20 P. pyrolophus. 

Range. Mountains of Malayan Peninsula and Highlands of 
Sumatra. 

1. Psilopogon pyrolophus. 
Psilopogon pyrolophus, 8. Mutter, Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. JPhys. ii. 

p. 339 (183*5); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 431 (1846) ; Bp. Consp. Av. 
l. p. 141 (1850) ; Marshall, Monogr. Capit p. 183, pi. 53 (1870); 
Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 177, no. 8487 (1870); Nicholson, Ibis, 
1883, p. 243; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1886, p. 352; id. P. Z. S. 1887, 
p. 442; Bilttik. Notes Ley den Mus. ix. p. 14 (1887). 
Pseudobucco pyrolophus, Des Murs, Eneycl. Hist Nat. ii. p. 24 
(1849). 
Buccotrogon torquatus, Von Kreling, Jahr. Nat. Gesch. Emden, p. 20 
(1852). 
Megalaima 
pyrolopha, Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 37 
(1863); SneHeman, in Vet/is Midden-Sumatra, Vog. 1885, p. 35. 

Adult male. General colour above grass-green; tail-coverts, 
wing-coverts, and secondaries green like the back ; primaries dusky 
blackish, externally green, yellow towards the ends of the outer 
web; tail-feathers green above, bluish below; hinder crown, hind 
neck, and sides of neck brown with a greenish wash; forehead, 
lores, and nasal bristles black, the latter tipped with scarlet; 
across the centre of the crown a broad band of hoary grey; sides 
of face, ear-coverts, and cheeks cindery grey; above the ear-coverts 
a streak of emerald-green, beginning above the eye ; upper eyelid 
yellow, the lower one emerald-green; base of cheeks and chin 

17 . TBA.CHYPHONUS. 
black; throat emerald-green, followed by a band of bright yellow 
on the fore neck, inclining to whitish on the sides of the neck; the 
chest black, forming a band below the yellow throat; breast and 
remainder of under surface emerald-green, paler on the centre of 
the body; under wing-coverts pale yellow; quills below dusky, 
yellow along the inner edge : " iris brown; legs dull green; bare 
skin round eye green " (L. Wray). Total length 11*3 inches, culmen 
1*2, wing 4*6, tail 3-2, tarsus 1*2. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 10-5 
inches, culmen 1*2, wing 4*7, tail 4*2, tarsus 1*2. 

Young birds are much duller in plumage than the adults, the 
head is browner, and the hoary grey band across the crown is less 
distinct • the yellow and black bars on the throat are much 
smaller. 

Hab. Mountains of Perak in the Malayan Peninsula and mountains 
of Sumatra. 

a,b. £ J ad. sk. Mountains of Perak. L. "Wray, Esq. 

c. Ad. sk. Sumatra. 
Gould Coll. 
d. Juv. sk. Sumatra. 
Purchased. 
e-g. <$ ad.; h-k. Mount Sago, Sumatra, Aug., Tweeddale Coll. 
$ ad. et juv. Sept. {Carl Bock). 
sk. 

l~n. Ad.; o. Lolo, Sumatra {Carl Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
Juv. sk. 

p. 
$ juv. sk. Siedjoundjong, Sumatra, Sept. Tweeddale Coll 
{Carl Bock). 
17. TRACHYPHONITS. 
Type. 
Trachyphonus, Manzani, Mem. di Zoologie, iii. p. 159 


(1821) T. cafer. 
Tamatia, Hempr. $ Mr. Symb. Phys. pi. vii. (1828) . T. margaritatus. 
Cucupicus, Less. Man. ii. p. 116 (1828) T. cafer. 
Micropogon, TSnm. PL Col. livr. 83 (1830) T. margaritatus. 
Polysticte, Smith, Rep. Exped. S. Apr. p. 40 (1836). T. cafer. 

Range. Confined to Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Tail and wings spotted or barred with 
white, 
a'. Nape and hind neck uniform black; 
crown crested, black • forehead and eyebrow 
varied with yellow and scarlet. _ 


a". Back black, generally varied with 
white transverse edges to the feathers. 
All the feathers of the black preepectoral 
band not tipped with white .. cafer, p. 100. 


H2 

100 
C1PITONIDJE. 

b". Back generally uniform black, without 
white edges to the feathers. All 
the feathers of the praepectoral hand 
tipped with white suahelicus, p. 102. 

V. 
Nape and hind neck yellow spotted with 
black; forehead and crown black, 
c". Under tail-coverts yellow without any 
red shade versicolor, p. 102. 
d". Under tail-coverts red. 
a'". 
Eyebrow washed with crimson; ear-
coverts crimson. 


«4. Larger; pale spots on upper 
plumage more rounded and 
white erythrocephalus, p. 102. 
6*. Smaller; pale spots on upper 
plumage snbtriangular, and 
tinted with rosy shelleiji, p. 103. 

b"\ Eyebrow and sides of face pale 
yellow margaritatus, p. 103. 
cr. Nape "and hind neck brown, with pale 

yellow spots and bars. 
e"' Crown uniform black boehmi, p. 104. 
/" . Crown scaly, the feathers reddish or 


yellow, with black bases and edges .. arnaudi, p. 105. 
. Tail and wings black, without any white 
spots or bars. 


d'. Sides of breast black, boldly mottled 
with yellow; bare skin round eye 
yellow purpuratus, p. 106. 


e\ 
Sides of breast uniform yellow like the 
middle; bare skin round eye dark ... . goffini, p. 106. 


1. Trachyphomis catfer. 
Le Promepic, LevaiU. Bromerops, p. 77, pi. 32 (1806). 
Picus cafer[ Vieill. N. Diet, delist Nat xxiv. p. 102 (18] 8).^ 
Trachyphonus vaillantii, Ranzani, JBlem, di Zool., Ucc. torn. iii. pt. 2, 


p. 159 (1821). — 
Cucupicus cafer, Less. Man. d'Orn. ii. p. 116 (1828). 
Micropogon sulphuratus, Lafr. Mag. de Zool. pi. 60 (1836). 
Polysticte quopopa, Smith, Report S. Afr. Exp., App. p. 40 (1836). 
Trachyphonus cafer, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 69 (1841); Bp. Consp. 
Av. i. p. 142 (1850) ; id. Consp. Vol Zi/g. p. 12 (1854); Verr. 
I>.Z. S. 1859, p. 399; Newton, Ibis, 1868, p. 268; Gray, List 
Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 17 (1868); id. Hand-L B. ii. p. 177, no. 8481 
(1870); Ayres, Ibis, 1870, p. 260; Marshall, Monogr. Capit 

p. 139, pi. 56 (1870); Sharpe, Cat Afr. B. p. 16 (1871); Buckley, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 368; Barratt, Ibis, 1876, p. 200; Ayres, Ibis, 1879, 
p. 295; Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 109 (1881); Sharpe in Oates1 
Matabele-Land, App. B, p. 306 (1881); Holnb $ Von Belz. Beitr. 
Orn. Sudafr. p. 162 (1882) ; Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 249; Sharpe, 
ed. Layar'ds B. S. Afr. pp. 178, 811 (1884); Marti. Ibis, 1886, 
p. 107; Souza, Jom. Lisb. 1887, p. 91; Biittik. Notes Ley den MILS, 
x, p. 224 (1887). 
17 . TRACHTPHONUS. 10 1 
Oapito vaillantii, Gray, Gen. E. ii. p. 430 (1846) : Layardt B. 8. 
Afr. p. ^35 (1867). 
Capito cafer, Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 65 (1863). 

Adult male. General colour above glossy blue-black, the feathers 
of the back and scapulars rather broadly edged with white; lower 
back and rump sulphur-yellow; upper tail-coverts scarlet; wing-
coverts glossy black, the inner ones of all three series white, forming 
a large patch; the median and greater coverts broadly tipped with 
white like the back, as also the inner secondaries ; primary-coverts 
and quills black, checkered with spots of white on the outer web; 
tail-feathers black, broadly tipped with white, and spotted with 
white on the edges of both inner and outer webs, these spots being 
four in number; head strongly crested, uniform glossy black; forehead, 
eyebrow, sides of face, and ear-coverts bright yellow, varied 
with scarlet margins to the feathers, this yellow colour extending 
backwards along the sides of the neck, but in this place not fringed 
with scarlet; throat sulphur-yellow, followed by a broad, black 
collar on the fore neck, the feathers of the upper part of this black 
collar tipped with large spots of rosy white; on each side of the 
collar a large spot of creamy white extending across the chest, but 
not very distinct in the middle ; remainder of the under surface of 
body bright sulphur-yellow, the breast streaked with scarlet edges 
to the feathers, the under tail-coverts also with scarlet margins; the 
sides of the body and thighs slightly mottled with black bases to the 
feathers; under wing-coverts and quill-lining ashy white : " bill 
pale green, with a dusky tip ; tarsi and feet dusky ash; iris dark 
lake" (J. 8. Jameson), Total length 8*5 inches, culmen 1, wing 
3-9, tail 3*3, tarsus 1*05. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, only differing in having the 
colours a little paler, and in having a slight tinge of scarlet on the 
spots of the upper part of the prsepectoral collar. Total length 8 
inches, culmen 0*95, wing 3*9, tail 3'1, tarsus 1*05. 

Young. Browner than the adults and having very little of the 
blue-black gloss. The colours nowhere quite so vivid as in the 
adults, and with less scarlet on the face and throat. 

Hab. Eastern portion of South Africa. 

a. J juv. sk. Weenen, Natal, March 1 (W. Shelley Coll. 
Arnold). 
b. Ad. sk. Transvaal (T. Ayres). Sharpe Coll. 
Crocodile River, July, Nov. "W. E. & C. G. Oates, 
c. d. 2 ad. sk. 
(F. Oates). " Eaqrs. [P.]. 
e. d ad.; / . ? Limpopo River, July, Nov. (T. Shelley Coll. 
ad. sk. 

JE. Buckley).

g. <$ ad. sk. 
Rustenberg. F. A. Barratt, Esq. 
k Ad. sk. Makalaka Country {Br. Brad- Shelley Coll. 
shaw). 
t, k. Ad. sk. Tete, Zambesi (Sir J. Kirk). Livingstone Expecl 

102 
C\PITONI*D^. 

2. Trachyphonus suahelicus. 
Trachyphonus 
cafer (nee Vieill), Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 592; 
Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. i. p. 372 (1884): id. J.f. 0. 1885, 

p. 125. 
Trachyphonus sp., JBohm, J.f 0.1883, p. 166. 
Trachyphonus suahelicus, Meichen. J.f.O. 1887, p. 60. 
Adult. Yery similar to T. cafer, but may be distinguished by the 
greater number of white spots on the black prsepeetoral band, every 
feather of which without exception has a rosy-white terminal spot, • 
which is not the case in T. cafer: " bill greyish yellow, with the 
tip blacker; feet brownish grey; iris carmine-red?J (G. A. 
Fischer). Total length 7*6 inches, oilmen 0*9, wing 3*7, tail 3*3, 
tarsus 1. 

Young. Differs only from the adult in being duller and in having 
the colours paler, the feathers of the back edged with pale yellow, 
not white as in T. cafer. The prgepectoral collar is almost entirely 
absent, and is only represented by a few feathers tipped with rosy 
white. 

Hah. Eeplaces T. cafer in Eastern Africa. 

a, b. Ad, et juv. sk. Ugogo (Sir J, Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
c, d. Ad. sk. Mamboio (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 

e. Ad. sk. Dar-es-Salaam (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
3. Trachyphonus versicolor. 
Trachyphonus versicolor, Hartl. Abhandl. nat. Verein. Bremen, Bd. 
viii. p. 208 (1882); id. Orn. CentralM. 1882, p. 91; id. J.f. 0. 
1882, p. 326; id. Ibis, 1886, p. 111. 
Adult. Similar to T. erythrocephalus, but with less red on the head, 
and distinguished by the under tail-coverts being entirely yellow. 
(Hartl aub.) 

Hab. Equatorial Africa. 

4. Trachyphonus erythrocephalus. 
Trachyphonus erythrocephalus, Cab. J. f. 0.1878, pp. 206, 240, pi. ii. 
figs. 1 & 2; Hartl Ibis, 1886, p. Ill; Shelley, Ibis, lb88, p. 291: 
id. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 357. 

Adult. Similar to T. cafer, but distinguished by the white-
spotted back and the uniform sides of the face, the whole of the 
sides of the hinder crown, the ear-coverts, and cheeks being crimson, 
with a little yellow on the fore part of the eyebrow, below the eye, 
and the fore part of the cheeks; the under surface of the body 
yellow, with a reddish tinge on the fore neck; down the centre of 
the throat a broad black band; the black collar on the chest not 

17 . TEACHYPHONTJS. 
103 

very distinct, but largely spotted with ovate white markings on the 
sides of the chest. Total length 8*5 inches, culmen 1*15, wing 3*8, 

tail 3*3, tarsus 1*15. 
Hob. Eastern Africa. 
a. Ad. sk. Taveta. R J. Jackson, Esq, 
b, $ ad. sk. East side of KilimanjaJuly 3.
ro, H. 0. V. 
Esq. [P.]. 
Hunter. 

5. Trachyphoirus shelleyi. 
Trachyphonus erythrocephalus (nee Cab.), Shelley, Ibis, 1885, p. 394. 
Trachyphonus shelleyi, Hartl. Ibis, 1886, pp. 105, 111, pi. v. 

Adult (type of species). Similar to T. erythrocephalus, but very 
much smaller, the head black* eyebrow and sides of face yellow 
washed with crimson, the ear-coverts almost entirely crimson, with 
a posterior patch of white behind the latter; throat yellow, with a 
broad median line of black. Total length 7 inches, culmen 0*9, 
wing 3*1, tail 2-85, tarsus 0-95. (Coll E. Lort Phillips,) 

Hab. Somali-Land in Eastern Africa. 

6. Trachyphonus margaritatus. 
Bucco margaritatus, Mlpp. in Cretzschm. Atlas, Vogel, p. 30, pi. 20 

(1826). 
Tamatia erythropygos, Hempr. 8f Ehr. Symb. Phys. t. 7 (1828). 
Lypornix erythropygos, Wagl. Isis, 1829, p. 658. 
Micropogon erythropygos, Temm. PL Col. iii. pi. 490 (1830). 
Micropogon margaritaceus, Temm. Tabl MUh. PL Col, p. 55 (1839). 
Trachyphonus margaritatus, Pupp. Syst. Ifebers. p. 95 (1845); Bp, 

Coiisp. Av. i. p. 142 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 12 (1854)* 
Heugl. Ibis, 1859, p. 343 • Terr. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 399; Heugl. Ibis, 
1861, p. 124; Antin. Cat descr. XJce. p. 62 (1864); Gray, List 
Capk. Brit. Mus. p. 17 (1868); id. Hand-L $. ii. p. 177, no. 8482 
(1870); Blanf. Qeol. fy Zool. Abyss, p. 311 (1870); Finsch, Tr. 

Z. S. vii. p. 281 (1870); Finsch $ Marti. Vb'g. Ostafr. p. 506 
(1870); Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 143, pi. 27 (1870); Heugl. 
Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 764, App. p. clx (1871); Antin. $ Salvad. 
Viang. Bogos, p. 45 (1873); Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) i. 
p. 8b (1884), vi. p. 210 (1888); Hartl. Ibis, 1886, p. 106. 
Capito margariticus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846). 
Capito margaritatus, Gojm, Mus. Pays-Bus, Buccones, p. 67 (1863). 
Adult male. General colour above brown, varied with rounded 
subterminal white spots; lower back and rump sulphur-yellow; 
upper tail-coverts crimson; wing-coverts, like the back and similarly 
spotted; quills and tail-feathers brown, externally checkered with 
white spots, those on the tail-feathers tinged with yellow, the outer 
tail-feathers regularly barred with brown and yellowish white; 

10 4 CAriTOISTDiE. 

crown of head glossy black, the feathers somewhat scale-like in 
texture; sides of the crown, sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, sides 
of neck, and hind neck bright sulphur-yellow, the latter spotted 
with black, the sides of the face uniform; throat and chest also 
bright yellow; remainder of under surface of body pale yellow, 
becoming whiter towards the under tail-coverts, which are crimson; 
on the lower throat a triangular black spot; across the chest a band 
of dark brown or blackish, the feathers being brown with subterminal 
white spots or bars; below this band a second imperfect 
one of scarlet intermixed with a few black spots; under wing-
coverts and axillaries white; quills dusky brown below, with white 
bars on the inner web: "bill yellowish red, dusky brown at the 
end; feet pale bluish dusky ; iris reddish umber5? (Heuglin). Total 
length 8 inches, culmen 0*95, wing 3*8, tail 3*4, tarsus 1*05. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but wanting the black spot on 
the throat. Total length 8 inches, culmen 0*95, wing 3*6, tail 3, 
tarsus 1. 

Young. Duller in colour than the adults and with less gloss on 
the black crown ; the back with scarcely any white spots; the 
pectoral collar only faintly indicated. 

Hah. North-eastern Africa. 

a. 2 ad. sk. 
b. <$ ad. sk. 
c. J ad. sk. 
d. <$ ad. sk. 
e,f. d S ad. sk 
ff, h. J ad. sk. 
V. 2 ad. sk. 
k <$ ad. sk. 
I S ad. sk. 
Abyssinia (Col. Sturt). 
Abyssinia. 
Zoulla, Abyssinia, Feb. 4. 
Koomayli, Abyssinia, March 
19 (W.Jesse). 
Gabsa, Bogos-Land (Esler). 
Gabsa (Esler). 
Rairo, Aug. 10 ( W. Jesse). 
Bejook, July 18 (W. Jesse). 
Bejook, July 15. 
Hume Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
W. T. Blanford.Esq. 
[P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
"W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
m. 2 imm. sk. Efat, Shoa (Sir W. C. Harris). India Museum. 

7. Trachyphoims boehmi. 
Trackyphonus arnaudi (nee Des Murs), Cab. J.f.O. 1878, p. 240. 
Trachyphonus squamiceps (nee HeuglX FiscJier & Reichen. J. f. O. 

1879, p. 342. J 
Trachyphonus margaritatus (nee Mipp.), Bo'hm, J.f. 0.1883, p. 161. 
Trachyphonus boehmi, FischertyReichen. J.f O.1884, pp. 179,180 j 

Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. i. .p. 371 (1884); id. J. f O. 1885, 

p. 125; Earth Ibis, 1886, p. 109; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 357. 
Adult male. General colour above dark brown, with rounded 
spots of yellowish white; scapulars less distinctly spotted; lower 
back uniform brown; rump dull olive-yellow, with mesial streaks 
of bright sulphur-yellow ; upper tail-coverts crimson; wing-coverts 
like the back and similarly spotted; quills brown, externally notched 

17 . TRACHYPHONUS. 
105 

"with yellowish white, producing a checkered appearance; tail-

feathers blackish, with yellowish spots and notches on the outer 

webs, the outer feathers banded with pale yellowish and dark brown 

bars* crown of head glossy black; hinder neck blackish brown, the 

feathers subterminally spotted with sulphur-yellow ; eyebrow, sides 

of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, throat, and fore neck yellow slightly 

washed with scarlet, the feathers all minutely tipped with black, 

producing a spotted appearance, the spots much smaller on the fore 

neck; on the lower throat a large triangular spot of black; on each 

side of the breast a black half-collar with large ovate spots of 

white; remainder of under surface of body pale yellow, minutely 

spotted with triangular dots of smoky black; flanks brownish; 

under tail-coverts crimson ; under wing-coverts ashy white, the edge 

of the wing washed with yellow ; quills dusky brown below, ashy 

white along the inner web : " bill buffy green; feet lead-colour; 

iris brown" (G. A. Fischer). Total length 7*2 inches, culmen 0-8, 

wing 3*1, tail 3*15, tarsus 0*95. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 6*8 inches, 

culmen 0*7, wing 3*05, tail 3*1, tarsus 0*85. 

Hab. East Africa. 

a, b. $ 2 ad- sk. Kilimanjaro, July 3. H. G. V. Hunter, 
Esq. [P.l 


c. P ad. sk. Ndara, Teita, Aug. 25. H. 0. V. HunterF 
Esq. [P.l. 
d. $ ad. sk. Voi River, Teita, July (Dr. J. Shelley Coll. 
M. Hildebrandt). 
e. 3 ad. sk. Pare, March 3 (Dr. Fischer), Shelley Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Barava, Oct. (Br. Fischer). Shelley Coll. 
8. Trachyphonus arnaudL 
MicropogOD darnaudii, Des Murs in Lefebvre's Voy. Abyss, p. 133 
(1845). 

Trachyphonus squamiceps, Eeugl Syst Uebers. p. 47 (1856) ; EartL 
Orn. W.-Afr. p. 176, note (1857) ; JSeugl Ibis, 1861, pp. 125,127, 
pi. v. fig. 4; Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mm. p. 18 (1868); id. 
JELandrl B. ii. p. 177, no. 8483 (1870) • Marshall, Mmogr. Capit. 

p. 147, pi. 58(1873). 
Capito squamiceps, 
Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 70, note 
(1863). 

Trachyphonus darnaudi, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 177, no. 8486 

(1870). 

Trachyphonus arnaudi, Heugl: Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 765, App. p. clx 

(1871)* Hartl. Abhandl. nat. Verein. Bremen, Bd. vii. p. 113 

(1881) ; id. Ms, 1886, p. 108. 

Adult male. Similar to T. boehmi, but having a spotted crown, 
the latter being dull red with yellow shaft-streaks and black bases 
to the feathers, which are also minutely tipped with black: " bill 
pale fleshy horn-colour, more yellow towards the base; feet pale 

106 
CJLHTONIDJK. 

bluish dusky; iris umber" (HeuyUn). Total length 6*6 inches, 
culmen 0*75, wing 2*95, tail 2*8, tarsus 0*9. 
Hab. Equatorial Africa and Upper "White Nile. 

a, b} c. 2 ad. sk. Lado, March 20 {Bmin Pasha). Shelley Coll. 

9. Trachyphonus purpuratus. 
Trachyphorms 
purpuratus, J. 8f B. Verreauv, Rev. et Mag. de Zool. 
1851, p. 260; Strichl. Contr. Orn. 1851, p. 135; Hartl. J. f. O. 
1854, p. 195; JBp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 12 (1854); Hartl. Orn. W.-
Afr. p. 175 (1857); Verr. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 399; Cass. Pr. Philad. 
Acad. 1859, p. 141; Hartl. J. f. O. 1861, p. 263; Gray, List 
Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 18, pt. (1868) ; id. Hand-L B. ii. p. 177, 
no. 8484 (1870); Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 151, pi. 60 (1871); 
Meichen. J.f.O. 1875, p. 9; Oustalet, Nouv. Arch. Mus. (2) ii. 
Bull. p. 68 (1879); Scl. P. Z.S. 1884, p. 476; Hartl. Ibis, 1886, 

p. 111. 
Capito purpuratus, Gqffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 71 (1863). 
Adult male. Glossy blue-black, the feathers being black -with 
broad blue-black edges: upper tail-coverts black, with narrow 
margins of sulphur-yellow ; lesser wing-coverts white, or white 
with broad black tips; remainder of wing-coverts and quills black ; 
tail black, with a small white spot at the end of the outer feathers ; 
head like the back, the forehead and eyebrow deep claret-colour, 
extending to the sides of the neck ; region of the eye bare, of a 
bright yellow colour in life • nasal bristles, cheeks, and ear-coverts 
black: throat and fore neck black, varied with mesial lanceolate 
streaks of hoary grey with a pinkish tinge ; across the chest a band 
of crimson, separating the fore neck from the rest of the under 
surface, which is pale but bright yellow, more or less mottled with 
black on the sides of the body, the feathers of these parts and the 
thighs and under tail-coverts being black with large ovate spots of 
yellow at the ends; under wing-coverts white, with dusky bases ; 
quills blackish below, ashy brown along the inner webs: " bill 
yellow; naked space round the eye yellow ; feet blackish green; 
iris reddish brown" (A. Reiclienoiv). Total length 9*5 inches, 
culmen 1, wing 4*45, tail 3*9, tarsus 1*15. 

Hah. West Africa from the Camaroons to Gaboon. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Gaboon {Walker and JDuChaillu). Sharpe Coll. 
c. <$ ad. sk. Gaboon. Shellev Coll. 
d. Ad. sk.
e. Ad. sk. 
Ogowe* Kiver, Gaboon (H. T. AnselT). 
Camaroons Mountains, Feb. {A. Crossley). 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

10. Trachyphonus goffini. 
Capito goffini, Schley. Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 72 (1863). 

Trachyphonus goffini, 
Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 18 (1868) ; id. 
Hand-l. B. ii. p. 177, no. 8485 (1870); Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 473; 
id. Cat Afr, B, p. 16 (1871) • Marshall, Monogr. Capit p. 149, 

18 . CAPITO. 
307 

pi. 59 (1871); Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 55; Bilitih. Notes Ley den 
Mm. TO. p. 218 (1885); Marti Ibis, 1886, p. 112; Buttik. Notes 
Leyden Mus.x. p. 95 (1888). 

Trachyphonus purpuratus (nee Verr.), Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 386. 

Adult. Similar to T. purpuratus, but easily distinguished by the 
dark colour of the bare skin round the eye, the absence of the black 
mottling on the sides of the body, and the small size of the hoary-
grey spots on the throat. Total length 10 inches, oilmen 0*95, 
wing 4-3, tail 3*8, tarsus 1*1. 

Youvg. Only differs from the adult in having less gloss on the 
upper surface, the feathers being more narrowly edged; the throat 
is rather brighter and more uniform crimson, with scarcely any of 
the hoary-grey spotting. 
Hub. West Africa from Liberia to the Gold Coast. 

a. Ad. sk. [Sierra Leone.l Tweeddale Coll. 
b. Ad.; c. Juv. sk. Fantee (II. T. Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
d. Ad.; e,f. Juv. sk. Fantee (Aubinri). Sharpe Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Fantee (B. T. Ussher). Shelley Coll. 
*. Ad.; k. Juv. sk. . Denkera(ZT. T. Ussher). Shelley Coll. 

18. 
CAPITO. 
Type. 
Capito, Vieill. Analyse, p. 27 (1816) C. niger. 
Ny&tastes, Gloger, in Frorieps Notizen, xvi. p. 277 
(1827) C. niger. 
Eubucco, Bp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850) C. richardsoni. 
Micropogon, Temm. PL Col texte (1830) C. niger. 

Range. Confined to Central and Southern America. 

Keg to the Species. 

a. No spots or streaks on the sides of the 
body; throat uniform orange-yellow like 
breast; head crimson in males, hoary 
grey in females aurovirens, p. 108. 
b. Sides of body spotted with black. 
a'. Throat black. 
a". Upper surface black, uniform; no 
scarlet on the forehead; orange on 
flanks maculicoronatus £, p. 109. 

b". Upper surface black, the feathers 
fringed with white; forehead scarlet; 
no orange on the flanks squamatus, p. 110. 

b'. Throat white, followed by a yellow 
band maculicoronatus <$, p. 109, 

c'. Throat white; breast yellow ; forehead 
black; feathers of crown, occiput, and 
neck tipped with blood-red* quinticohr, p. 111. 

108 
CAPITONIDJE. 

<f. Throat red or yellow. 
c". Forehead scarlet; vertex straw-
yellow ; hinder crown black or 
blackish brown ; ear-coverts black j 
throat deep crimson; breast uniform 
(c? ) or spotted with black ($) . niger, p. 111. 


d". Entire crown straw-yellow, with a 
faint tinge of scarlet; hinder crown 
streaked with dusky black; ear-
coverts black. 


a'". Throat bright orange punctatus, p. 112. 
b'". Throat scarlet vermilion auratus, p. 113. 
?. Sides of the body streaked with green ; no 
black spots. 
e'. Ear-coverts scarlet or crimson. 
e". Cheeks yellow or orange. 
c'". A blue or grey collar round the 
hind neck. 
a4. Upper throat crimson or scarlet, 
followed by sulphur-yellow. 


a5. Crown crimson, followed by a 
blue-grey collar j throat-spot 
very small. 


a5. Spot on chin deep crimson . richardsonl <5, p. 114. 
¥\ Spot on chin black granadensis tf f p. 115. 

b\ Crown and upper throat scarlet; 
collar round hind neck 
bright blue steerii £, p. 116. 

b4: Upper throat crimson, followed 
by verditer-blue, which is succeeded 
by orange glancogularis $. p. 117, 

d'". 
A yellow collar round the hind 
neck aurantiicoltis S ? p- H*>. 

f. Cheeks scarlet like the head and , , • . -n QJ throat \boureiend,V 118. 
salumz 6 > p* ilW'

g". Cheeks blue ; head and throat »
scarlet versicolor tf, p. 116. 
/' . Ear-coverts blue. 
A". Throat apple-green, followed by an 
orange collar. 
e'". A line of blue skirting the black 
forehead bourcieri J , p. 118. 
f". No blue on crown, which is entirely 
golden olive salvini $, p. 119. 
tv. Throat blue, followed by a scarlet 
collar versicolor $ , p. 116. 
g'. Ear-coverts black. 
&". A narrow yellow collar across the 
lower throat richardsoni § , p. 114. 
I". A broad orange collar across the 
lower throat aurantiicoJUs $ ; p. 115. 

1. Capito aurovirens. 
Le Barbu oranvert, 
Levaill Mist. Nat Barbus, iii. Suppl. p. 44. fi>. E 
(1807). 

18 . CAPITC. 
109 
Bucco aurovirens, Cuv. Begne An. i. p. 458 (1829). 

Micropogon aurovirens, Bp. P. Z. S. 1837, p. 120. 

Capito aurovirens, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846); Scl. Ik's, 1861, 

p. 187; Goffin.Mus. Paijs-Bas, Buccones, p. 58 (1803); Sol # 
Sah. P.Z.S.1866, p. 196, 1867, p. 753; Gray, List CapiL Brit. 
Mus. p. 21 (1868); id. SancU B. ii. p. 178, no. 8493 (1870); 
Marsh. Monogr. Capit. p. 155, pi. 62 (1871); Scl. 8f Sah. P. Z. S. 
1873, p. 278; iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873) ; Tacz. Orn. 
PSrou, iii. p. 140 (1886). 
Eubueco 
aurovirens, Bp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. 
Zyg. p. 12 (1854). 

Adult male. General colour above olive-brown, somewhat washed 
with green; lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts dull olive-
green ; wing-coverts rather browner than the back; quills dusky 
brown, externally olive-yellow; tail-feathers dull olive-green, the 
outer ones browner on the inner web; crown of head and nape 
scarlet; a narrow superciliary streak of olive-grey; sides of hinder 
crown olive-brown like the sides of the neck ; lores, feathers below 
the eye, and ear-coverts dark brown; cheeks, throat, and chest rich 
orange-yellow; fore part of cheeks and chin whitish; breast ashy 
olive washed with orange, the abdomen inclining to yellowish white ; 
sides of body and flanks olive-brown, washed with green; under 
tail-coverts like the abdomen; under wing-coverts yellowish white, 
washed with orange; quills dusky below, yellowish along the inner 
web : " bill blackish horny, the lower mandible bluish white; feet 
olive; iris red" (J. Stolzmann). Total length T'l inches, culmen 
0*9, wing 34, tail 2-45, tarsus 0-85. 

Adult female. Similar to the male, but wanting the scarlet crown, 
this being hoary grey, inclining to whitish on the forehead. Total 
length 7*3 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 3*35, tail 2-5, tarsus 0*9. 

Hah. Upper Amazonia, Ecuador, and Peru. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. Andoas, Ecuador (C. Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lexj). 
b. S ad. sk. Ucayali River. Gould Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Ucayali Kiver. J. Hauxwell, Esq. 
[C.]. 
d. e. <$ $ ad. sk. Upper Ucayali (JS. Bartletb), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . $ ad. sk. Upper Ucayali {JE. Bartlett). Sclater Coll. 
g. <$ ad. sk. 
Upper Amazons (Mus. Brem). Sclater Coll. 
h. gad. sk. Yquitos, E. Peru (£T. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitely). 
%. $ ad. sk. Nauta, Peru (J. Hauxwell). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jc. 2 ad. sk. Nauta, Peru. E. Bartlett [C.]. 

2. Capito maculicoronatus. 
Capito 
maculicoronatus, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. iii. p. 300 (1861); 
Scl. Ibis, 1862, p. 1, pi. i.; Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 366 ; 
Sah. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 157 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 178, no. 8494 
(1870); Marsh. Monogr. Capit p. 153, pi. 01 (1871); Scl. 8f Salv. 
Fomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873) ; iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 537. 

Adult male. General colour above glossy black; wing-coverts and 

110 
CAPITONID^. 

secondaries like the back; the primaries brownish black; tail-
feathers black ; crown of head mottled with white-tipped feathers, 
slightly washed with brown towards the nape ; sides of crown, eyebrow, 
and base of forehead glossy black like the lores; sides of the 
face and ear-coverts, cheeks, throat, and under surface of body 
white, with a broad crescent of golden yellow across the fore neck; 
sides of body largely spotted with ovate spots of black, and having 
a patch of fiery-red or orange feathers; lower flanks entirely black; 
thighs white, black externally; under tail-coverts white, with a 
pale sulphur tinge on the vent; under wing-coverts and axillaries 
white with a faint tinge of yellow, the edges of the wing black; 
quills below dusky black, yellow along the inner edge : " bill dark 
horn-colour, the culmen marked just forward of the nostrils with 
a spot of dull orange, under part of the lower mandible dull white; 
legs and feet black" (<9. AT. Lawrence); " iris dark " (T. K. Salmon). 
Total length 6*4 inches, culmen 0-85, wing 3*2, tail 1-9, tarsus 
0-95. 

Adult female. Differs from the male in having the entire throat 
and chest black. Total length 6-2 inches, culmen 1*9, wing 3, tail 2, 
tarsus 0*85. 

Hab. Panama and Colombia. 

a, b. $ ad.; c.
2 ad. sk. 
Veragua (E. Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. 2 ad. sk. Panama [J. McLeannan). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e,f. c5 ? ad. sk. Panama (J. McLeannan). Sclater Coll. 

(/, h. <$ 2 ad. sk.

 Lion Hill Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(J. McLeannan). 
i, k. S 2 ad. sk. Reinedios, Antioquia (T. K. Sclater and Salvin-
Salmon). Godman Colls. 
/. 
c? ad. sk. Niclii, U.S. Colombia (T. K. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salmon). 

3. Capito squamatus. 
Capito squamatus, Salvin, Ibis, 1876. p. 494. pi. xiv.: Tacz. & Berl 
P. Z. S. 1885, p. 118. 
Adult (type of species). General colour above black, the feathers 
of the upper parts margined with hoary white, yellowish on the 
lower back, rump and upper tail-coverts with yellowish fringes; 
wing-coverts like the back and similarly fringed; bastard-wing, 
primary-coverts, quills, and tail-feathers black, the inner secondaries 
with a large yellowish-white mark near the end of the inner web, 
which is mottled with black towards the tip; forehead rich orange, 
inclining to yellow on the vertex; hinder crown and nape white 
with a faint yellowish tinge, the hinder nape with a brown streak 
on each side; lores, eyebrow, sides of crown, sides of neck, hinder 
neck, throat, and breast black ; remainder of under surface of body 
pale sulphur-yellow, the sides of the body and flanks streaked with 
black; under wing-coverts white with a yellowish tinge; quills 

18. CAPITO. Ill 
black, yellowish white along the inner web. Total length 7 inches, 
culmen 0*8, wing 3-4, tail 2*1, tarsus 0*8. 
Hab. Ecuador. 
a. Ad. sk. Santa Rita, Ecuador ( Villagomez). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
4. Capito quinticolor. 

Capito quinticolor, Elliot, Nouv. Arch, du Muskim, i. Bull. p. 76, 
pi. iv. fijr. 1 (1865); Gray, Rand-l B ii. p. 178, no. 8495 (1870) • 
Marsh. Monogr. Capit. p. 163, pi. 65 (1871). 

Above black; all the feathers of the vertex, occiput, and neck 
tipped with blood-red, those of the back, rump, and upper tail-
coverts, secondaries, as well as a band crossing the wing-coverts, 
yellow slightly tinted with green ; chin, cheeks, sides and front of 
the throat white washed with pale yellow; breast and middle of 
abdomen orange-yellow; flanks and under tail-coverts olive with 
black patches, quills and tail-feathers tinted with olive-brown ; bill 
black, whitish at the base; tarsus lead-colour. Total length 0*146 
m., wing 0*09 m., tail 0*05 m., bill from front 0*02 m., tarsus 
0-02 m. (Elliot) 

Hab. New Granada. 

5. Capito niger. 
The Yellow "Woodpecker with black spots, Edwards, Gleanings, iii. 
p. 259, pi. 333 (1764). 
Le Barbu tachete* de Cayenne, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 97, pi. vii. fig. 4 
(1760). 
Le Barbu de Guvane, Daubent PI. Enl. vii. p. 206, fig. 1; Levaill. 
Hist. Nat. Barbae, pis 23, 24, 25 (1806). 
? Barbu de St. Doniingue, Daubent PL Enl. vii. pi. 200.fig. 2. 
Bucco niger, P. L. 8. Midi 8. N 8uppl p. 89 (1776); Cass. Proc. 

Acad. Phtlad. 1864, p. 242. 
? Bucco maculatus, P. L. 8. Mull 8. N. 8uppl p. 89; Cass. Proc. 
Acad. PMai.1864, p. 242. 
Le Tamatia a tete et gorge rouges, Buff. Hist Nat Ois. vii. p. 96 

(1780). 
Cayenne Barbet, Lath. Gen. 8yn. i. pt. 2, p. 495 (1782). 
Bucco erythronotus, Bodd. Tabl. PI Enl p. 12 (1783). 
Bucco cayannensis, Gm. 8yst Nat. i. p. 405 (1788). 
Capito cayannensis, Vieill N. Diet Hist Nat iv. p. 500 (1816); 

Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bos, Buccones, p. 53 (1863). 
Capito rubricollis, Vieill Enc. MSth. iii. p. 1426 (1823). 
Micropogon cayannensis, Temm. PI Col, texte Intr. p. 55 (1839). 
Capito erytkrocephalus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846); Scl Ibis, 

1861, p. 185; id. Cat Amer. B. p. 329 (1862); Gray, List Capit 
Brit Mus. p. 20 (1868); id. Hand-l B. ii. p. 177, no. 8490 
(1870). 

Capito nsevius, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846). 
Eubucco erythrocephalus, 8cl P. Z.8. 1857, p. 268. 
Capito niger, Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 157, pi. 63 (1871); 8cl $• 


8alv. Nomeml Av Neotr. p. 110 (1873) ; JSalv. Ibis, 1886, p. 66, 

112 
CAPITCWIDJE. 

Adult male. General colour above black, with a streak down each 
side of the mantle, formed by yellowish-white edges to the feathers ; 
lower back and rump black, all the feathers edged with olive-
yellow • wing-coverts black, with a band of ochreous white across the 
greater series; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills black, edged 
with olive-brown, the inner secondaries with a mark of ochreous 
white towards the end of the outer web; upper tail-coverts and 
tail-feathers olive-brown, with blackish centres or shafts* forehead 
scarlet, followed by a band of straw-yellow, the hinder crown and 
nape black mottled with brown, with an eyebrow of pale yellow 
flanking the hind crown; lores, feathers round eye, ear-coverts, sides 
of face, and sides of neck black; cheeks and throat rich scarlet, the 
chin yellowish ; fore neck and under surface of body pale sulphur-
yellow, the sides of the breast with ovate spots of black; sides of 
body and flanks browner, with less distinct black centres to the 
feathers; thighs whitish in front, brown behind ; under tail-coverts 
yellowish, crossed with dusky bands; under wing-coverts white 
washed with ochreous buff; quills below dusky ochreous along 
the inner edge. Total length 6*6 inches, culm en 0*95, wing 3*2, 
tail 2, tarsus 0-9. 

Adult female. Like the male, but with the lesser and median 
wing-coverts edged with yellow, and scarcely any trace of a whitish 
bar across the greater coverts, the fore neck and chest thickly 
mottled with black spots instead of being uniform yellow. Total 
length 6 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 2*15, tail 1*85, tarsus 0*85. 

Sab. Guiana. 

®i °-6 ? ad. Bartica Grove, British Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept., Nov. (H. Whitely). 

c. g ad. sk. Atapurow River, Jan. 26 (£C. Salvin-Godman Coll 
Whitely). 
d. $ ad. sk. Maroni River, Surinam {Kap- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
pier), 
*~g-d 2 ad. sk. Cayenne. 

h. 
<5 ad. sk. Cayenne. Riocour Coll. 
(Named C. rubricolHs by Vieillot.) 
6. Capito punctatiis. 
Capito punrtatus, Less. TraiU, p. 165 (1831): Gray. Gen. B. ii 
p. 430 (1846). 
Capito aurifrons, Vigors, P. Z. JS. 1832, p. S • Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 
(1846). 
Micropogonflavicollis, Bp. P. Z. S. 1837, p. 120. 
Bueco punctatus, Pes Murs, Iconogr. Orn. pi. 20 (1846). 
Capito flavicollis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846). 
Micropogon auricollis, Bp. Co?isp. Vol. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 
Micropogon aurifrons, Bp. t. c. p. 12 (1854). 
Capito peruviamis {nee Cuv.), Sel. P.Z.S. 1854, p. 115; id. Cat 

Amer. 5 . p. 329 (1862, pt.). 

Capito 
auratus (nee Cuv.), Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 56 
(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p.* 20 (1868); Pelz. Orn. 
Bras. p. 239 (1871); Scl. $ Salr. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 298; iid. 

18 . CAPITO. 
113 
Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873) : Tacz. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 188 
(1886). 
Oapito ainazonicns (nee Deville), Scl. §• Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 580, 
1)79 ; Gray, lland-l B. ii. p. 178, no. 8492 (1870). 
Oapito auratus, var. amazonica, Pet. Orn. Bras. p. 239 (1871). 

Adult male. Similar to C. niger, but having the throat bright 
orange, not crimson as in that species, nor scarlet vermilion as in 

G. auratus. Total length 6 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 3*4, tail 2*1, 
tarsus 0*85. 
-Adult Jemale. Similar to the female of C. niger, and strongly-
spotted with lykrek-haLow, but distinguished by the orange throat. 
Total length 6 inches, cuImerrO-8^, wing 3*4, tail 2-1, tarsus 0*85. 

Hah. Colombia, Ecuador, Eastern Peru, and Upper Amazonia to 
Bolivia. 

a-f. <$ $ ad. sk. Bogota. 

g. $ ad. sk. Rio Napo. 
Gould Coll. 
h. $ ad. sk. Rio Napo (L. Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
i, k. <$ § ad. sk. Samyaeu, Ecuador (C. Buck- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley). 
I 2 ad. sk. E. Peru. Sclater Coll. 

m. ? ad. sk. E. Peru (Fare). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n, o. <$ ad. et juv. Rio Javari (H. W. Bates). Sclater Coll. 
sk. 

p. <$ ad. sk. 
Yquitos, Aug. 30 (H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitelij). 
q, r. d 5 ad. sk. Chamicuros (J. HausnoeU). Gould Coll. 

s. 
$ ad. sk. Barcellos, Brazil, Aug. 31 (J. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Natterer). 
if u. $ 
ad. et juv. Pillon, Bolivia (C. Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 

7. Capito auratus. 
Le Barbu orange du P<§rou, Zevaill. Hist. Nat Barbus. pi. 27 

(180G). 
Bucco auratus, Burnout^ Diet. 8c. Nat. iv. p. 54 (1816). 
Bucco peruvianus, Cuv. Begne Anim. p. 428 note (1817). 
Mieropogon aureus, Temm. PL Col. iii. Genre Barbu, p. 2 (1830) ; 

Bp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850). 
Capito peruvianus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (184G); Scl. Cat. Amer. 

B. p. 329 (1862., pt.)*; id. § Salv. P. Z. S. 180C, p. 195. 
Capito cayannensis (nee Gm.), Cab. in Schomb. lleis. Brit. Guian. 
iii. p. 720(1848). 
Capito 
aniazonieus, Deville et I)es Murs, Bev. Zool. 1849, p. 171; 
Scl # Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 753; Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 

p. 21 (1868) ; Tacz. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 139 (1886). 
Mieropogon peruvianus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 12 (1854). 
Capito auratus, Gray, Bandrl B. ii. p. 178, no. 8491 (1870) ; Scl fy 
Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873, pt.) ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, 

p. 549; Scl. fySalv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 634. 
Capito niger (nee Bodd.), Bartlett, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 347. 
Adult male. Similar to C. niger. but differing in the orangecoloured 
edges to the feathers of the lower back; the whole 
crown straw-yellow, with a little tinge of scarlet on the fore 

VOL. XIX.

114 
OAPXTONIDJB. 

part; the throat more of an orange-scarlet, the breast washed with 
orange, and the sides not spotted with black, though there are 
some indistinct blackish centres to the feathers of the sides of the 
body : " bill horny black ; feet lead-colour " (Taczaiwwski). Total 
length 7*3 inches, oilmen 0*9, wing 3*25, tail 2*05, tarsus 0*9. 

Adult female. Differs from the female of 0. niger much in the 
same way as the male does, and has the fore neck and breast 
spotted with black centres to the feathers ; the wing-coverts are all 
edged with orange. Total length 7'3 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 
245, tail 2, tarsus 0*9. 
Ilab. Guiana to the Eio Negro and Upper ATOOBOU. 

a. c? ad. sk.
b. $ ad. sk.
c. S ad. bk.
(1. 2 ad. sk. 
Guiana. 
Oyapock; Cayenne (Jelsk 
Ega, R. Amazon. 
Pebas (JS. L. Layard). 
ti). 
Sir R. Schomburgk [O.J. 
Sclater Coll. 
H. "W. Bates, E&q. [C.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. Pebas, July 2 (J". HauxSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
well). 

8. Capito richardsoni. (Plate Y. fig. 3.) 
Capito 
richardsoni, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430, pi. 100 (1846) ; ScL 
Cat. Amer. B. p. 329 (18(>2, pt.); Ghw/, List Cap it. Brit. Mus. 

p. 22 (18Gb, pt.) j id. Hand-l B. ii. p. 178, no. 8498 (1870); 
Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 173, pi. 69 (1871); 8cL $ Scdv. 
Komeml. Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873, pt.). 
Capito sulphureus, By ton, Contr. Orn. 1849, p. 130. 
Eubtieco richardsoni, Bj). Consj). i. p. 142 (1850) • id. Consp. Vol. 
Zyyod. p. 13 (1854). 

Adult male. General colour grass-green, with edgings of golden 
olive to the dorsal feathers in some specimens; wing-coverts like 
the back; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills dusky brown, 
externally olive-green, the greater coverts also olive; tail-feathers 
dull olive-green ; crown of head very dark crimson, as well as the 
sides of the face and ear-coverts; lores blackish; round the hind 
neck a broad collar of blue-grey, separated by a blackish shade 
from the crimson of the head; cheeks and throat bright sulphur-
yellow, with a large chin-spot of dark crimson; fore neck washed 
with vermilion, which deepens into a large patch of scarlet-
vermilion on the breast • remainder of under surface of body pale 
sulphur-yellow; the lower flanks, vent, and under tail-coverts 
white slightly tinted with yellow ; the sides of the body, flanks, 
and under tail-coverts very broadly streaked with dark green; 

under wing-coverts yellowish white, with a dusky patch near the 
edge of the wing; quills dusky below, yellowish buff along the 
inner webs. Total length 5m5 inches, culmen 0*65, wing 2*7, tail 
1*8, tarsus 0*75. 

Adult female. Differs from the male in being olive-green with 
a slight golden wash; forehead hoary grey, as well as a narrow 
eyebrow, the latter terminating in a streak of golden yellow down 

18 . CAPITO. 
115 
the sides of the neck; lores and a broad band through the eye to 
the ear-coverts black; cheeks and throat ashy grey with a blight 
yellowish tinge; across the fore neck a band of golden yellow; 
breast sulphur-yellow, more or less mixed with ashy; remainder 
of under surface as in the male. Total length 5 inches, culmen 0*7, 
wing 2-65, tail 1-6, tarsus 0*7. 

Hah. Ecuador. 

a. $ ad. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
&—$ ad. &k. Rio Napo (Jameson). Sclater Coll. 
c ? ad; sW- Rio Napo. Gould Coll. 
d. d ad. sk. TEcuado^___ Sclater Coll. 
*?/. 
d $ ad.sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador^C Buck- Salvin-Godraan Coll. 
ley), 

y. J ad. sk. Sarayacu (C. Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
h, i. 6 ? ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (C. Buckley). Salvin-GodmanColl. 
0. Capito granadensis. (Plate Y. fig. 5.) 
Capito richardsoni (nee Gray), Sclat. P. Z. S.1855, p. 162; id. Cat. 
Amer. B. p. 329 (1862. pt.)j Goffin, Mm. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 50 
(1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mm. p. 22 (1868, pt.) ; Salvin, 
Ibis, 1870, p. 112; Scl. §> Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 110 
(1873, pt.). 

Adult Quale. Very similar to C. richardsoni, but differs in having 
the chin-spot black instead of crimson. Total length 4*7 inches 
culmen 0*6, wing 2*6, tail 1-8, tarsus 0*75. 

Hah. U. S. of Colombia. 

a, h,c. <$ $ ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
d, e. J ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
/. 2 ad. sk. Sclater Coll. Sclater Coll. 


10. Capito auxantiieollis. 
Eubucco aurantiicollis, Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 267. 
Capito hartlaubi (nee Lap j , Scl. P. Z. S.1857, p. 267. 
Capito aurantiicollis, Scl. Ibis, 1861, p. 119; id. Cat. Anw. B. 


p. 329 (1862); Scl. $ Sah. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 196; Gray, List 
Capit. Brit. Mm. p. 22 (1868); id. Hand4. B. ii. p. 178. no. 
8499 1870); Salv. Ibis, 1870, p. 112; Marshall, Monoyr. Capit. 
p. 175, pi. 70 (1871); Scl. # Salv. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 298; lid. 
Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873); Taczan. P. Z. S.1874, p. 549; 
id. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 141 (1886). 
Capito melanotic Scl fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 196. 

Adult male. Similar to C. riehardsoni, but differing in the clearer 
crimson colour of the head, sides of face, and chin, and especially 
in the colour of the nape-band, which is pale sulphur-yellow 
instead of grey : " bill grey above, yellowish along the edges of the 
mandibles and the remainder greenish ; feet greyish olive ; iris dark 

i2 

IK) 
CAPITONlD-ai. 

grey" (Taczcuiowski). Total length 6-4 inches, culmen 0*75, wing 

2-65, tail 1*85, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Similar to the female of 0. richardsoni, but with a 
black forehead, golden-yellow crown, verditer-blue eyebrow and 
ear-coverts, black chin, and greenish-yellow throat, followed by a 
broad orange collar. Total length 0 inches, culmen 0*75, wing 2*9, 
tail 1-8, tarsus 08. 

Sab. Upper Amazons valley. 

a, b. <$ ad. sk. Iiio Javari (U. W. Bates). Sclater Coll. 
(Typp« of tlie species.) 
c, d. S S ad. sk. Iiio Javari. H. W. Bates, Esq. 
[G.]. 
e)f> d ? ad. sk. Sainiria, E. Peru (J. Haux- Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
well). 
y>h-6 $ ad. sk. Sarayacu, E. Peru, Aug. (U. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Bartlett). 
i, h <$ 2 ad. sk. Eiver Ucayali, July (J. Gould Coll. 
Hauxivell). 

11. Capito steerii (Plate Y. fig. 2.) 
Capito steerii, 8cl. § Salv. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 140, pi. 12 (tig. mace.); 
Tact. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 45 ; id. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 143 (18sG). 

Adult male. Similar to G. ricliardsoni as regards the colour of 
the under surface of the body, but with a much larger patch of 
crimson on the throat; the head and sides of face are brighter 
crimson, and are followed by a collar of light cobalt-blue round the 
hind neck: " beak clear yellow, bluish at base: feet black; iris 
dark reddish brown" (Stohmann). Total length 5 inches, culmen 
0-8, wing 2-0, tail 1-9, tarsus 0-7. 

Sab. Peru. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Huambo, Peru, March 12 (J. Stok- Sclater Coll. 
mann). 
12. Capito versicolor. (Plate V. fig. 1.) 
Le Barbu des Maynas, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 102, pi. vii. fig. 3 (1700) ; 

Daubent. PL Enl. vii. p. 330. 

Le Beau Taniatia, Buff. Hist. Nat, Ois. vii. p. 98 (1780). 

Bucco versicolor, P. L. 8. Miill 8yst. Nat. Sappl. p. 88 (1706); Cass. 

Proc. Acad. Philad. 1804, p. 242. 
Beautiful Barbet, Lath. Gen. 8yn. i. pt. 2, p. 498 (1782;. 
Bucco pictus, Botld. TabL PL Mil. p. 20 (1783). 
Bucco elegans, Gm. 8yst. Nat. i. p. 406 (1788;. 
Le Barbu elegant, Zeuaill. Hist. Nat. Barbus, p. 76, pi. 34 (1806). 
Capito maynalensis, Vieill. N. Diet, d'Hist. Nat iv. p. 497 (1816;. 
Capito maynanensis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (1846;. 
Eubucco elegans, Bp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850) ; id. Consp. Vol. Zygod. 

p. 13 (1854). 
Eubucco pictus, 8cl P. Z. S. 1857, p. 268. 
Capito pictus, 8cl. Ibis, 1861, p. 187; Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Buccones, p. 63 (1863;. 

18 . CAPITO. 
117 
Capito versicolor, Gray, List Capit. Brif. Mus. p. 21 (1808); id. 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 178, no. 849G (1870); Marshal/, Monoqr. Capit. 

p. 171, pi. 08 (lh71); Scl P. Z. S. 1878, pp. 781,783 ; Scl. $• Salv. 
Nomencl Ai\ Keotr. p. 110 (1873); iid. P. Z. H. 1879, p. (134 ; 
Taczan. 0/7?. P/rou, iii. p. 141 (1880). 
Adult male. General colour bright grass-green, slightly inclining 
to olive on the mantle; wing-coverts like the back ; bastard-wing, 
primary-coverts, and quills dusky brown, externally olive-green; 
tail-feathers olive-green, brighter green on the edges; crown of 

TieaQr as-farjas the nape scarlet; hind neck with a band of silvery 

cobalt; loreF~Black5-^car-coverts scarlet like the crown; cheeks 

silvery cobalt, forming a broacTband - chin black ; throat crimson, 

followed by a narrow line of silvery cobalt, which is bordered by an 

orange shade ; fore neck and chest bright yellow ; on the breast a 

large scarlet patch; remainder of under surface of body pale 

yellow ; the sides of body and flanks broadly streaked with green; 

thighs yellow; under tail-coverts yellow, streaked with green; 

under wing-coverts white with a yellow finite; quills below dusky 

brown, yellow along the inner edge. Total length 6 inches, 

culmen 0*8, wing 2*85, tail 24, tarsus 0"75. 

Adult female. Different from the male, wanting the scarlet on 
the head, which is olive-yellowish ; forehead verditer-blue, with a 
basal line of black like the lores; sides of face, ear-coverts, and 
throat verditer-blue, followed by a bar of scarlet across the lower 
throat; fore neck and chest pale emerald-green with a wash of 
verditer-blue. Total length o%5 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 2*9, 
tail 2, tarsus 0'8. 

Hab* Bolivia and Peru. 

a. S ad.sk. Interior of Bolivia. Rclater Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk.
c. <$ ad.; d, e. 
Tilotilo, Bolivia (C. Buckley). 
Tilotilo (C. Buckley). 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-C4odnian Coll. 
2 ad.sk. 
f. 9 ad. sk. Huiro, Valley of Urubamba, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Peru, 4800 ft. (/. Orton). 
13. Capito glandularis. 

Capito glaucogiilaris, Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg. 1844, p. 301; id. # 
Cab. Faun. Peruan., Aves,^. 259, tab. xxiv. tig. 2 (1855); Scl 
Ibis, 1861, p. 190; Coffin, Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccones, p. 104 
(1863); Gray, List Capit Brit. Mus, p. 21 (1808); id. Mand-l 

ii. p. 178, no. 8501 (1870); Marshall Monogr. Capit. p. 169, pi. 
67 {1871); Scl fy Salv. Komcncl Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873). 
Micronogon daucogularis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850); id. Comp. 
VoT.Zygod. p. 12(1854). 
Capito erythrocephalus, Tschudi fy Cab. Faun. Peruan., Aves, p. 260 
(1855). 
Capito 
tschudii, Scl Ibis, 1861, p. 188; Coffin, Mm. Pays-Bas, 
Buccones, p. 64 (1868) ; Gray, SrnuU. B. ii. p. 178, no. 8500. 

Adult male. Similar to C. versicolor, but differing in the colour 
of the throat and cheeks, the latter being sulphur-yellow like the 

118 (HPTTOHTDiE. 

fore neck and chest; chin black, followed by a crimson patch, the 
lower throat silvery cobalt, followed by a distinct orange collar ; on 

the breast a small patch of scarlet. Total length 6 inches, culm en 
0-8, wing 2-9, tail 2-05, tarsus 0'8. 
Hob. Peru. 
«. c? $ ad, sk. Peru. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

14. Capito bourcieri. (Plate T. fig. 6.) 
Micropogon bourcieri, Lafr. Rev. Zool 1845, p. 179; id. Rev. Zool. 
1849, p. 11 0, pi. 4. 
Micropooon hartlaubi, Lafv. Rev. Zool. 1845, p. 180; id. Mev. Zool. 
1840, p. 116, pi. 6. 
Capito bourcieri (= <$), Gray, Qen.B. ii. p.430 (1846); Scl. P. Z. S. 
1854, p. 115,1855, p. 102 ; id. Ibis, 1861, p. 18b ; id. Cat. Amer.B. 

p. 329 (1862) j Gqffin,Mus. Pays-Bas, Buccoiies, p. oS (1863); 
6?r«y, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 22 (1868) ; ztf. Hand-l B. ii. 
p. 178, no. 8497 (1870); Salv. Ibis, 1870, p. Ill; Marshall, 
Monogr. Capit. p. 165, pi. 66 (1871); Scl. t$- #«/r. Xom^'icJ. Ax. 
Neotr. p. 110 (1873, pt.) ; iid. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 538. 
Capito hartlaubi (= $), Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 430 (lb4G); Scl. 

P. Z. S. 1854, p. 115, 1855, p. 162; id. Ibis, 1861, p. 189; id. 
Cat. Amer. Ii. p. 330 (1862); Goffin, Mm. Pays-Bas, Jiuccones, 
p. 61 (1863); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 22 (lbG8). 
Capito capistratus, Byton, Contr. Orn. 1849, p. 131. ^"tf 
Mei>alairna capi&tratus, Eyton, Contr. Orn. 1850, p. 29, pi. 45. 
Eubucco bourcieri, Bp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. 
Zyyod. p. 13 (1854); Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 146, 1860, pp. 95, 297. 
Eubucco hartlaubi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 142 (1850); id. Consp. Vol, 
Zyyod. p. 13 (1854); Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 2(J7, 1858, p. 75. 

Adult male. General colour above bright grass-green, wing-
coverts like the back; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills 
dusky brown, externally green, the primaries a little more olive-
green on their margins; tail-feathers olive-green, with bluish-green 
edges; crown of head bright scarlet as far as the nape. On the 
side of the neck a silvery-white vertical band, almost meeting and 
forming a collar on the hind neck; lores and feathers round eye 
black; ear-coverts, sides of face, cheeks, throat, and fore neck 
scarlet; breast pale yellow, fading off into white on the abdomen ; 
sides of body and flanks white, streaked with broad green centres 
to the feathers ; thighs white ; under tail-coverts white with green 
centres; under wing-covcrts white with a yellowish tinge; quills 
below dusky, tawny buff on inner edge. Total length 6 inches, 
culmen 0-8, wing 2-8, tail 1*85, tarsus 0*75. 

Adult female. Differs from the male. The scarlet on the head 
and face is wanting; the crown, nape, and hind neck dull golden 
yellow; lores and forehead black, followed by a band across the 
sinciput of verditer-blue, like the sides of the face and ear-coverts; 
chin black; throat apple-green, followed by a collar of bright 
orange, extending upwards towards the sides of the neck, where a 
vortical band of golden olive replaces the silver-grey band of the 

18 . CAPITO. 
110 
male. Total length 6 inches, oilmen 0*7, wing 2*9, tail 1*95, 
tarsus 0*75. 
Eab. U. S. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. S ad.; b, c, d. Bogota. 
Purchased. 
$ ad. &ik. 
«,/. <J S ad. sk. Bogota. Tweeddale Coll. 
fh &• 6 $ ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i, k. 5 ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 

/. $ ad. sk. Fronting IT. S. C. (T. K Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sahnon). 
m,n. <S ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o,p. c? ? ad. sk. Sarayacn, Ecuador ( C BuckSalvin-
Godman Coll. 

ley). 

y. c? ad. sk. Intac (C. Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
r. S ad. sk. Rio Napo. 
Gould Coll. 
5. <$ ad. sk. Esmeraldas (L. Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
£. c5* ad. sk. Nanegal (L. Freiser). Sclater Coll. 
15. Capito salviai*. (Plato Y. fig. 4.) 
Capito Tbourcieri (nee Lafr), Salvm, P. Z. S. 1870? p. 212 ; Laior. 
Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 130 (1870)• Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, 

p. 47. 
Capito 
hartlaubi (nee Zafr.), Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. T. ix. p. 130 
(1870). 

Adult male. Similar to the male of C. bourcieri. Total length 
5*8 inches, culmen 0*75, -wing 2-7, tail 1*7, tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Similar to the female of O. bourcieri, but without 
any blue-grey band across the forehead, which is black, succeeded 
by golden yellow, which forms a broad band across the centre of 
the crown. Total length 5-5 inches, culmen 0*65, wing 2*75, tali 
1-8, tarsus 0*75. 

Hah. Central America, from Panama to Costa Eica. 

a, b. cf $ ad. sk. [Quito]. Gould Coll. 
c, d. S ad.; e. Costa Eica (J. Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

$ ad. sk. 
/. S ad. sk. Costa Eica (J". Carmiol). Sclater Coll. 
V-2 ad- sk. Barranca, Feb. (J. Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h, i, k. $ ad. • /. Ohiriqtd, Veragua (F. Arc&). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

$ 
ad.sk. 

m. J ad. sk, Chiriqui (E. Arce). Sclater Coll. 
* I have named this species after Mr. Salvin, who proved that the American 
members of the group, which were for years considered to bo distinct, were 
only sexes of a much more limited number of species. 
120 
CAPTTCWTD^. 

19. TETRAGONOPS. ^ 
Tetragonops, Jard. Edinb. Phil. Journ. n. s. i. p. 404 
(1855) T. rharnphastiniis. 

Range. Ecuador ; Costa Bica. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Colours varied j head black, sides of face and 
throat blue-grey; breast scarlet r?iamphasti?ms, p. 120, 
b. Colours simple ; olive with golden yellow on 
the forehead and reddish olive on the 
throat frantziij p. 121. 
1. Tetragonops rhamphastiaiis. 
Tetragonops rhamphastinus, 
Jard. Edinb. PJiiL Journ. w. s. i. p. 404 
(1855), iii. p. 92, pi. iv. (185(3) ; tid. Ibis, ISoi), p. 403 note, 186*0, 

p. 184, pi. vi., 1802, p. 2 ; Goffin, Mus. Pays-Bat, !>itcione.>, 
p. 93 (1803); Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. p. 10 (1808J; id. 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 177, no. 8488 (1870); Marshall, Monogr. Capit. 
p. 1, pi. i. (1871) ; Sd. $Salv. Nonrenal Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873); 
Qarrod, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 932; Tacz. # Perl. P. Z. S. 1885, 
p. 116. 
Adult. General colour above dark golden brown, with a band 
of golden yellow across the lower back, the rump and upper tail-
coverts also washed with golden yellow; scapulars like the back; 
wing-coverts slaty blue, including the innermost secondaries; 
bastard-wing and primary-coverts blackish, externally washed 
with olive-yellow or tinged with slaty blue; tail-feathers dark 
slaty blue; crown of head glossy black, produced into a nuchal 
crest of elongated feathers, which overhang the mantle ; hind neck 
also glossy black; lores and feathers round eye, as well as the 
base of the cheeks, black; a broad white streak along the sides of 
the hinder crown; sides of the face, ear-coverts, cheeks, and entire 
throat pale greyish blue; the chin white; fore neck bright glossy 
scarlet, which colour extends down the centre of the breast, which 
is otherwise dark golden yellow; flanks, thighs, vent, and under 
tail-coverts dull green, the latter washed with yellow; under 
wing-coverts ashy grey, with a blue shade near the edge of the 
wing; quills below dusky blackish, pale yellow along the edge. 
Total length S'5 inches, culmen 0*59, wing i'25, tail 3*2, tarsus 
1*15. 

Hal. Ecuador. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
d, ^f,y. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-G-odrnan Coll. 

h. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Sclater Coll. 
ifk. Ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (C. Buckley). Salvin-Gfodrnan Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. Quito, Ecuador. Purchased. 
19 . TRTRAGONOPS. 
121 

2. Tetragouops frantzii. 
Tetragonops frantzii, Scl Ibis, 1864, p. 371, pi. x.; Frantz. Ibis, 
18(55, p. 551; Lawr. Ann. Zi/c. N. Y. ix. pp. 87, 130 (18(>8); 
Gray, List Capit Brit Mus. p. 19 (1868); id. Hand-l B. ii. 

p. 177, no. 8489 (1870) ; Marshall, Monogr. Capit. p. 3, pi. ii. 
(1871); Scl fy Salv. NomencL Av. Neotr. p. 110 (1873) j Boucard, 
P. Z. S. 1878, p. 47. 
JLdult male. General colour above olive-green, the head, mantle, 
and back-mare ochraceous; wing-coverts olive-green, as also the 
outer webs of the secondaries, the primaries externally dull olive-
yellow ; tail-feathers dull olive-green: on the nape a tuft of 
elongated glossy black feathers, extending on to the mantle; head 
like the back, but a little more washed with golden yellow, which 
is very prominent on the forehead and over the eye : lores black; 
sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, throat, and chest reddish ochre, 
the base of the chin blackish; remainder of under surface of body 
greenish, mixed with ashy, the breast washed with golden, the 
abdomen with pale yellow; sides of upper breast hoary grey. 
Total length 7'3 inches, culmen 0-8, wing 3*45, tail 2-3, tarsus 0*9. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 7*5 
inches, culmen 0-7, wing 3-4, tail 24, tarsus 0*95. 
Hal. Costa Rica. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. Costa Rica. 
Purchased. 

d, e. $ 5 ad. sk. Costa .Rica ( Von Frantzius). Sclater Coll. 
ft 9' d $ ad- sk. Costa Rica (J. Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

h. 
S ad. sk. Navarro, Costa Rica, Jan. (J. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Cooper), 
i, k. 
Ad. sk. Irazu district, Costa Rica {H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Rogers). 

I. Ad. sk. Veragua. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
1 22 RH A MP IT ASTTD/TC. 

Family RHAMPHASTIDiE. 

(By P. L. SCLATEE.) 

(See vol. xviii. p. 1.) 

The Bliampliastidcp constitute a well-marked family of the Scan-
sores or Zygodactylous Pi car ice, recognizable at first sight b}r the 
extraordinary shape and size of the bill, in which respect they are 
rivalled only by the Anisodactylous Bucerotidce of the Pala3ogean 
Tropics. This organ (which has been elaborately described by Sir 

E. Owen in Gould's ' Monograph') presents a remarkable combination 
of great bulk with sufficient strength and extraordinary lightness. 
The interior of the cavity in both mandibles is occupied by 
a fine network of bony fibres, arranged so as to give great strength 
to the external parietes without much weight. The development 
of the bill is carried to its greatest extent in typical Ehamphastos, 
and gradually decreases in the less normal forms. 
The tongue of the Eliamphastidce (also well described by Sir E. 
Owen) is likewise peculiar. The anterior portion consists of a long, 
narrow, thin lamina, flattened horizontally, and supported by the 
anterior process of the hyoid bone, which forms a ridge beneath it. 
It measures nearly six inches in length in the larger species. At 
about four inches from its extremity it is obliquely notched on both 

Truncated vomer of Bhamphastos ariel, with posterior parts of palatines 
(From P. Z. S. 1878, p. 933.) 

sides, and these notches become deeper and deeper towards the apex, 
giving it a strongly bristled appearance. 
As in the Capitonidas, in which family these birds have their 

RHAMPHASTIDiE. 

123 

nearest relatives, the oil-gland of the Toucans is tufted, there are no 
cseca, and the rectrices are reduced to ten in number. But the 
Bhamphastidce, as pointed out by Garrod (P. Z. S. 1878, p. 933), 
differ structurally from the Cctpitonidce in the form of the vomer, 
which in the Rhamgliasiidw presents a large tabular truncation at 
its anterior extremity, instead of being bifurcate, as in the Ccvpitonidce, 
and sending forth its limbs to join the maxillo-palatines. 

The jRhamjpJiastidce are confined to the Neotropical Region, and 
are distributed more or less thickly over the wooded districts of that 
Regixx%irom Southern Mexico to Northern Argentina. They do 
not occur in the Antilles, on the western slope of the South-American 
Andes south of the Gulf of Guyaquil, or in any part of the Patagonian 
Subregion. The species seem to be most numerous in the 
great wood-region of Amazonia. 

So far as the nesting of this family is known to us, the eggs are 
always laid in hollow trees. Their form is regularly oval, and 
their colour white, of a line grain, and slightly shining. (Cf. Des 
Murs, Ool. Anal. p. ^31.) 

The liliamjpJiastidcB were first monographed by Levaillant *, who, 
however, was only acquainted with about 7 or 8 species, and those 
very imperfectly. Early in the ornithological career of John Gould 
this brilliant group attracted his attention, and his well-known 
Monograph of them was completed in 1834. A second and revised 
edition of the Monograph was published in 185-1. In 1867 John 
Cassin published, in the ' Proceedings' of the Academy of Natural 
Sciences of Philadelphia, an excellent review of the species of Ehamphastulce, 
based on the specimens in the Academy's Collection. This 
is the most recent authority on the subject. 

Key to the Genera. 

A. 
Bill very large and broad; nostrils opening [p. 124. 
backwards behind the casque : sexes alike. 1. IIIIAMPHASTOS, 
B. 
Bill not large; nostrils opening upwards at 
the edge of the casque. 
a. Nostrils rounded, placed on the sides of 
the culminal ridge. 
a'. Bill longer, more than twice the length 
of the head; sexes alike or nearly so: 
bill wider at base, culmen narrower 
2. ANDIGENA, p. 133. 
bill 
narrower at base, culmen [p. 137. 
wider 3. PTEBOGLOSSTJS, 

b\ Bill shorter, less than twice the length 
of the head: sexes different 4. SELENIDERA, p. 148. 

b. Nostrils elongated, lateral, placed beneath [p- 153. 
the culminal ridge: sexes alike 5. AULACORHAMPHUS, 
' Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux de Paradis,' vol. ii. Paris, 1800. 

OTAMPWASTIDJE. 

1. EHAMPHASTOS. Typ^ 
Eamphastos, Linn. S. N. i. p. 150 (1766) R. eryfchrorhyriciru*. 
Tucaius, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyy. p. 4 (1854) R. dicolorus. 
Burhynehus, Cassin, Proc. Ac. Phil. 1807, p. 102. It. carinatiis. 
Tucaius, Cassin, op. cit. p. 104 E. eiwthrorhynehus. 
Eamphodryas, Cassin, op. cit. p. 100 E. ariel. 

This 
genus embraces the largest and strongest species of the 

family. They are mostly black and white in colour, varied with 

scarlet and orange. 

The area of Rhampliastos is co-extensive with that of the family, 
or very neaily so. The mobt northern species is B. carinatiis, 
which is met with in the Mexican province of Vera Cruz ; and the 
most southern, B. toco, which extends into the confines of the 
Argentine Republic. 

In Rhampliastos the sexes are similarly coloured. 

Key to tJie Species. 

A. Upper tail-coverts white. 
a. Throat white 
1. toco, p. 124. 
h. Throat yellow. 
a\ 
Cap black; nape reddish brown : 
j scarlet breast-band narrow .. . 2. carinatiis, p. 125. 
| scarlet breast-band v ide 3. Irevkarinahis, p. 12G. 

V. 
Cap and nape reddish brown: 
\ base of bill obscure 4. tocard, p. 127. 
j base of bill light reddish 5. amhigitus, p. 128. 
B. Upper tail-coverts yellow or oiange. 
c. 
Bill red, with pale basal and culminal 
bands 0. erythrorhyncJms^. 128. 
(1. Bill black, with pale basal and culminal 
bands. 

c'. Black of bill with a reddish basal spot. 7. inca, p. 129. 

d\ Black of bill uniform. 

a". 
Throat white, or very slightly 

tinged with yellow: 

j larger 
8. cuvieri, p. ISO. 

| smaller 
9, culminatus, p. 130. 

h". Throat lemon-yellow 10. citi-eolcemus, p. 181. 
e". Throat yellow 11. omtlam, p. 131. 

C. Upper tail-covertb scarlet. 
e. 
Bill black, with a light basal band : 
j whole throat orange 12. ariel, p. 131. 
| sides of throat white 13. viteltihus, p. 132. 
/ . 
Bill greenish, with black basal band .. 14. dicolorus, p. 133. 

1. Eliampliastos toco. 
Toucan de Cayenne, appellee Toco, JDaub. PL Enl. 82. 

Iianrpliastos toco, Midi Syst. Nat. Supjrt. p. 82; Gm. S. N. i. p. 356; 
Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 13-5; Mcu\ Beitr. iv. p. 271; Wagl. Syst. Av. 
sp. 1; Rnrm. Syst. ZTeb. ii. p. 203 ; Cab. in Schomb. Guian. in." p. 721; 
Gould, P. Z. #.'1834, p. 74; id. Mon. Rampli. ed. 1, pi. 0, et ed. 2, 
pi. 1; Sturm, Mon. Bamph. pt. iii. pi. i,; Bp. Co7isp. i. p. 93; Scl. 

1 . RHAMPHASTOS. 
125 

Cat. A. B. p. 324; Pelz. Orn. Bras, p. 233; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. 
Phil. 1807, p. 100 ; >$'£</. et Sah. Nomencl. p. 108 ; White, P. Z. S. 
188-2, p. 020 (Arg-. Hep.); tfafo. 16AS", 1880, p. 05 (Brit, (krian.); 
Berl J. f. 0. 1*87, pp.'2o, 121 (Paraguay); tfc/. ef ZZkk Arg. 
0?\i. ii. p. 40. 

Le Toco, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 7, pi. 2. 
Tucano, ALzara, Apwit. i. p. 236 (Paraguay). 
Ramphastos magnirostris, Sw. Class. B. ii. p. 299 {¥). 
Ranipha&tos albogularis, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 18G7, p. 101 (S. 


Brazil). 

Above black 5 rump white : beneath black ; throat and fore neck 
white, slightly tinged with yellow on the neck and narrowly bordered 
with red; crissum crimson; bill orange, with a large black 
blotch at the end of the upper mandible: whole length 22 inches, 
wing 8-5, tail 6, bill from gape 0*4. Female similar. 

Hob. Guiana, Lower Amazonia, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and 

N. Argentina. 
The more southern bird has been separated as B. albogularis; but 
I fail to appreciate any sufficiently distinctive characters, although 
the throat in southern specimens is perhaps rather more white. 

a. Ad. sk. 
b. Ad.sk. 
British Guiana. 
British Guiana. 
11. Schomburgk [C.]. 
11. Schomburgk [O.J. 
c. Ad. sk. Demerara. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d,e* d $ ad. bk. Para. Gould Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Mexiana, Lower Amazons 
{Wallace). 
Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
g. Ad. &k. 
k. d ad. sk. 
8.E. Brazil. 
Pelotas, Rio Grande do 
Sclater Coll. 
Sah in-Godmari Coll. 
i, h. Ad. sk. 
Sul {joyner). 
Ohapada, Mato Grosso (S. 
H. Smith). 
Saivin-Godman Coll. 

2. Rhamphastos carinatms. 
Ramphastos piscivoriw, Linn. S. N. i. p. 151; Gmel. S. N. i. p. 355 5 
Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 130 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 03; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. 

N. Y. viii. p. 183 (Nicaragua); Scl Cat. A. B. p. 324. 
Ramphastos carinatus, Sw. Zool. III. ser. 1, vol. i. pi. 45; Wayl. Syst. 
Av.sp.7; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 73; id. Monogr. Bamph. eel. 1, 
pi. 7, et ed. 2, pi. 2; Sturm, Mou. Bamph. pt. iii. pi. 2; Bp. P. Z. S. 
1837, p. 108; Tsch. Faun. Per., Ave*, p. 201; Scl. P. Z. S. 1850, 

p. 308 (S. Mexico), 1859, p. r>.) (Honduras), et pp. 308, 388 (S. 
Mexico): Scl et Sah. Ibis, 1859, p. 135; iid. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 837 
(Honduras); iid. Nomencl. p. 108; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Philad. 
1867, p. 102 ; Sale. Ibis, 1889, p. 373 (Yucatan) 5 Bidgio. P. U. S. 
N. M. vi. p. 407 (Nicaragua), et ix. p. 163 (Mexico); Bone. 
P. Z. S. 1883, p. 455 (Yucatan). 
Ramphastos tucanus, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 31)2. 
Ramphastos callorhinchus, Wag I Syst. Av. sp. 6. 
Ramphastos sulfuratus, Less. Tr. cFOrn. p. 173. 
Above black; rump white; nape stained with dark maroon-
purple ; beneath black; throat and fore neck clear yellow, with a 
faint scarlet border below; crissum scarlet; bill dark, with a large 

BHAMPHASTIDiE. 

yellow blotch on the upper mandible and red tip : whole length 21 
inches, wing 8, tail 6*8, bill from gape 5*8. Female similar. 
Hah. Southern Mexico, Yucatan, Guatemala, Honduras, and 
Nicaragua, 

a, c? ad. sk. 
Rio Rancho Xue^o, near Mi-Salvin-Godman Coll. 

santla, Vera Cruz, 
Mexico 

(Ferrari-Perez). 
b, c. J ad. sk. Misantla, Mexico (Godman). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

cl. 
? ad. sk. Oolipa, Vera Cruz, Mexico Salvin-Gudman Coll. 
[Godman). 
e. Ad. sk. Hacienda de los Atlixcos, Vera Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Cruz, Mexico (Godman). 
f. $ ad. sk.; (j. 
Vega del Ca&adero, Vera Cruz Salvin-Godman Coll. 
* Ad.sk. 
(Trujillo). 
h, i. cS $ ad. sk. S. Lorenzo, Cordova, Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Ferrari-Perez). 

k. Ad. sk. 
Atoyac, Vera Cruz, Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. H. H. Smith). 
I, m. 5 ad. sk. Vera Cruz ( W. B. Richardson). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

n. Ad. sk. 
Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico (Mrs. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
H. II. Smith). 
o. Ad. sk. 
Valley of Mexico (VEstrange). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. 
Ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico [de Oca). Sclater Coll. 
Mexico. Gould Coll. 
q, r. S 2 a^« s^v-

Mexico. 
Purchased. 

s. Ad. sk. 
Meco I., Yucatan (Gatimer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

t, Jr. sk. 

Northern Yucatan [Gawner). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

?«. Ad. sk. 

Orange Walk, Brit. 
Honduras Salvin-Godman Coll. 

v-i. Ad. sk. 

(Gaumer). 
?/. Ad. sk. Belize (Blancaneaux). Sah in-Godman Coll. 

s. g ad. sk. Choetmn, Vera Paz (Salvia). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Sources of the Rio de la Pasion, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Vera Paz (Salvin). 
¥. Ad. sk. Lanquin, Vera Paz (Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c'. Ad. sk. Vera Paz (Mum). Sclater Coll. 
d'. Ad. sk. Cahabon, Guatemala (Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e'. Ad. sk. Rio Dulce, Guatemala {Salvin). Tweeddale Coll. 

/', 
(j. Ad. sk.; San Pedro, Honduras ( Whitely). Gould Coll. 
JL Jr. sk. 
i\ Ad. sk. Honduras. E. DvsonlC". 

3. Rhainphastos brevicarinatus. 
Ramphastos approximans, Cab. J. f. 0. 1862, p. 333 (Costa Rica) ; 
Cass. Br. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1807, p. 103; Frantz. J. f. O. 1869, p. 362 
(Cohta Rica) ; Laior. Ann. Lyc. A"". Y. ix. p. 128 (Coi-ta Rica). 

Ramphastos brevicarinatus, Gould, Mon. Bamph. ed. 2, pi. iii. (18-54); 

Cass. Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 103 ; Sah. Ibis, 1860, p. 317. 
Ramphastos piscivorus, Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 585 (Trinidad). 
Ramphastos carinatus, Later. Ann. Lyc. N. T. vii. p. 209 (Panama) ; 

Sol. et Sah. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 366 (Panama) ; Sah. P. Z. S. 1867, 

p. 
156, et 1870, p. 211 (Veragua); Sah. et Gcdm. Ibis. 1879, 
p. 206, et 1880, p. 175 (Santa Marta). 
Similar to B. carinatus, but with the crimson cervical collar 
broader and well defined: generally rather smaller and bill shorter. 

1. EHAHPHASTOS. 
127 

ffab.^ Costa Rica, Veragua, Panama, and Northern Colombia. 

This is a very closely allied southern form of li. cariuatux. 1 am 
very doubtful as to the propriety of recognizing its separation. The 
specimen from Santa Marta is quite as large as the Mexican bird. 

a. Ad. sk. Central America. Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Turrialba, CobtaRiea (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). 0. Salvin, Esq. [P.]. 
(1. Ad. sk. Costa Rica (Frantzini). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
a. cf ad. sk. Chitra, Veragua (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . $ ad. sk. Santa Fe, Veragua (Arce), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g, h> 6 $ ad. sk. Panama (McLeannan). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/. 
Ad. sk. Bay of Panama. ' Oapt. Kellett and Lt. 
Wood [C.l. 


k. $ 
ad. sk. Manaure, Santa Marta, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Simons). 
4. Rhamphastos tocard. 
Le Tocard, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 25, pi. 9. 

Ramphastos 
tocard, Vieill. Noun. Diet, xxxiv. p. 581 ; id. JEnc. 
Meth. p. 1430j Wagl. Syst Av. sp. 4; Less. Tr. tfOrw. p. 171; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 93; Gould, Man. Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 4 (tipper 
hgure); Sel P. Z. S. 1860, p. 70 (Ecuador); id. Cat. A. B. p. 325; 
Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 299 (Colombia), et ix. p. 128 (Costa 
Rica); Cab. J. f. O. 1862, p. 334 (Costa Rica); Sel et Salv. 

P. Z. S.1864, p. 366 (Panama), et 1879, p. 537 (Antioquia); iid. 
Nomencl p. 10b; Frantz. J. f. O.1869, p. 362 (Costa Rica); Salv. 
P. Z. S. 1870, p. 211 (Veragua); id. Ibis, 1872, p. 323 (Nicaragua) 
; Buue. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 46 (Costa Rica); Salv. et Godm. 
Ibis, 1879, p. 206 (Colombia); Ridgw. P. 77. S. N. M. vi. p. 407 
(Nicaragua), et x. p. 591 (Honduras); Berl. et Tacz. P. Z. S. 1885, 
pp. 68, 108 (Ecuador); Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 145. 
Ramphastos ambiguus, Tsch. Faun. Per., Aves, p. 261. 

Ramphastos swainsonii, Gould, P. Z. S. 1833, p. 69, et 1864, p. 73; 

id. Monor/r. Ramph. ed. i. pi. 8 ; Sturm, Man. Ramph. pt. iv. 

pi. i. 

Ramphastos eugnathus, Wagl. Syst. Av. (Additamenta). 

Above black ; neck and upper back washed with maroon ; upper 

tail-coverts white: beneath, throat and neck sulphur-yellow, bor


dered below by a scarlet band; belly black : crissum scarlet; upper 

mandible traversed by a diagonal black line from the nostrils to the 

commissure: bill above this line yellow, beneath it more or less 

red: whole length 24 inches, wing 9*5, tail 7, bill from gape 6*3. 

Female similar. 

Ilab. Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and Western Ecuador. 

a. Ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua (Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Angostura, Costa Rica (Car- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
miol). 
c. Ad. sk. San Jose*, Costa Rica (Callija). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Bugaba, Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. <$ ad. sk. S. slope of Vole, of Chiriqui Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(ArcS). 
/ . tf ad. sk. Panama \Mc Leanturn). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

128 RHAMPHA.STIBJE. 
g. Ad. sk. Panama (McLeannari). Sclater Coll. 
'h. Ad. sk. Panama. Gould Coll. 
/. Ad. sk.
k. Ad. sk.
/. Ad. sk.
m. Ad. sk. 
Medellin, U. S. C. {Salmon). 
Chiguinda, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). 
Western Coast of S. America. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Capt. Kellett and Lt. 
Wood [C.]. 
;*. Ad. sk.
o. Ad. sk.
p. Head. 
Ecuador. 
Ecuador (:j). 
Ecuador (?). 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

5. Ehamphastos ambigmis. 
llamplia^tos ambiguus, Sic. Zool. III. ser. 1, iii. pi. 1(38 : Gould, JIou. 
llamph. ed. % pi. 5; Sclater, P. Z. S. 1855, p. 160 (Bogota), 1859, 

p. 141), et I860, p. 95 (Ecuador); id. Cat A. B. p. 325; Scl. et 
Sah. P. Z. S. 1869, p. 252 (Venezuela), et 1873, p. 297 (E. Peru); 
Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 585 (Trinidad) ; Bert, et Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1883, p. 573, et 1885, p. 68 (W. Ecuador). 
Pamphastos 
swainsonii, Gould, Mori. Itamph. ed. 1, pi. 8 (fig-. 
inf.). 
lianrphastos abbreviates, Cab. J. f. 0. 1862, p. 804 (Venezuela); 
Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 104. 

Similar to JR. tocard, but whole of the bill beneath the diagonal 
line black. 

Hah. Colombia, Venezuela. Ecuador, and Eastern Peru. 

I cannot say that I am satisfied as to the real distinctness of thi& 
form from li. tocard, some of the specimens being intermediate. In 
Ecuador both forms seem to occur. The Venezuelan bird has 
been separated as having a smaller bill, but similar small-billed 
examples occur in other localities. 

a. Ad. sk. Bogota (?). 
Purchased. 
b. Jr. st. Bogota. Purchased. 
c-h. Ad. bk. Bogota. Gould Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. Colombia. Purchased. 
m. 
S ad. sk. Manaure, Santa Marta, U. S. C. Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
(Simons), 
n. (S ad. sk. Guataparo,Venezuela(6£om^). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o, p. Ad. sk. Ecuador. ' Gould Coll. 
q. Ad.sk. Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
r. Ad. bk. San Jose, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
s. Ad. sk. Chayavetas, E. TeTn(Bartlett). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
6. Ehamphastos erythrorhynclras. 
Ramphastoa 
tucanus, Linn. S. "N. i. p. 151; Gm. S. N. i. p. 355; 
Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 136 ; Wagl Syst. Av. sp. 11: Casein, Pr. Ac. 
Sc. Phil 1867, p. 104. 
Toucan a gorge blanche de Cayenne, Daub. PI Enl. 262. 
Le Tocan, Lemill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 10, pi. 3. 
Bamphastos erythrorhvnehus, Gm. S. N. i. p. 355; Wagl. Syst. Av. 
sp. 2; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 233; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 72; id. 

1. RHAHPBASTOS. 
129 

Mon. Humph, ed. 1, pi. 3, et ed. 2, pi. 6; i*Wa, P. /. & 1870, 

p. 584 (Trinidad) ; &c/. et Salv. Rommel, p. 108 j tfato. 2&s, 1880 
p. 64 (Brit. (iiiian.). 
Le Tocau a collier jaune, LevailL Ois. de Par. ii. p. 18, pi. 4. 
RamphasW evaillantii, Wagl. 8yst. Av. sp. 3. 
Above black; upper tail-coverts yellow: beneath, throat and 
neck -white; pectoral band scarlet ; belly black; crissum scarlet; 
bill red, with a broad basal band of yellow, which is margined with 
black; tip of lower mandible black: whole length 22 inches, wing 
9*5, tail 7, bill from gape 6*2. Femuk similar. 

Hab. Guiana, Lower Amazonia, and Northern Brazil. 

a-c. Ad. sk. Biitish Guiana (Schomburgl). It. Geogr. Soc. [P.], 

d. Ad. &t. Rio Negro. 
Gould Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. British Guiana. Gould Coll. 
/ . £ ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Biitish Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitely). 

g. 
Ad. sk. Carimang R., British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Whitely). 
h. 
$ ad. sk. Rorainia, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitely). 
i. Ad. sk. British Guiana. Sclater Coll. 
"k, I. Ad. sk. Demerara. Gould Coll. 
m> n. <$ $ ad. sk. Rio Negro. Gould Coll. 
0. d ad. sk. Para {batterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. Ad. sk. Para (Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q, r. 
Ad. sk. Maranham, Brazil (Wende- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
born). 

7. Ehamphastos inca. 
Ramphastos inca, Gould, P. Z. S.1840, p. 68; id. Man. Mamph. ed. 
2, pi. 7; Casein, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 1807, p. 105; Scl. et Salv. 
Nomencl p. 108 ; iid. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 297 (E. Peru), et 1879, 

p. 633 (Bolivia) ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. Peru); id. Orn. 
Per. iii. p. 140. 
Above black; upper tail-coverts orange: beneath, throat and 
neck white, with a slight yellowish tinge on the neck ; belly black ; 
crissum scarlet; bill black, with a small red blotch, broad basal 
band and culmen pale yellowish : whole length 22 inches, wing 9, 
tail 6-5, bill from gape 6*4. Female similar. 

Hab. Bolivia and Eastern Peru. 

Generally similar to B. erythrorhi/neJius, but with the bill mostly 

black and the upper tail-coverts orange. 

a b Ad. sk. Eastern Peru. Gould Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. Bolivia. 
Gould Coll. 
d. Neck-feathers. Bolivia (Bridges). Gould Coll. 

VOD. XIX. 

RH1MPI1ASTIDJE. 

8. Rhamphastos cuvieri. 
Rampkabtob cuvieri, Waff I. Syst. Av. tsp. 5 ; Less. Tr. aVQrn. p. 171; 
Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 73 ; id. Mouogr. Rampli. ed. 1, pi. 2 ; id. 
ed. 2, pi. 8 ; Sturm, Monogr. Mamph. pt. i. pi. 2; Pelz. Orn. Bras. 


p. 233; ScL P. Z. S. 1655, p. 161 (Bogota), et 1857, p. 206 (Upper 
Amazons) ; ScL et Salv. P. Z. S. 1800, p. 105 (Ucayali), 1809, 
p. 598, et 1873, p. 29/ (Peru) ; iid. Nomencl. p. 108; "Cassin, Pr. 
Ac. Sc. PMlad. 1807, p. 105; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 548 (G. 
Peru)• id. Orn. Per. iil. p. 147; Perl. J.f.O. 1889, p. 810. 
Le 
grand Toucan a gorge orange, LevailL Oh. de Par. II. p. 15, 
pi. 5 (?). 
HanrphastOb forsteromin, Wagl. Syst. Av. sp. 8. 

Above black ; upper tail-coverts orange, sometimes tinged with 
scarlet: beneath, throat and neck white, lower neck often tinged 
with lomon-yellow; pectoral band scarlet; belly black ; crissurn 
scarlet; bill black, culminal line and basal band yellowish : whole 
length 22 inches, wing 9'5, tail 6*3, bill from gape 7*8. Female 
similar. 
Eat. Colombia, Ecuador, and Upper Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. 
b, c. Ad. sk. 
d-f. Ad. sk. 
g.' $ ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
Bogota. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Chamicuros, E. Peru (Haux-
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Sabin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. 
i. Ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
1 Ad. sk. 
m. Jr. &k. 
n. Ad. sk. 
well). 
R. Ucayali. 
R. Ucayali (Bartlett). 
Amazons. 
Rio Negro. 
Rio Negro. 
Lower Amazons. 
E. Bartlett fO.l 
Sclater Colt 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Purchased. 

9. Rhampliastos ciilmitiatiis. 
Ramphastos culminatus, 
Goidd, P. Z. S. 1833, p. 70, et 1834, p. 73 ; 
id. Mon. Mamph. ed. 1, pi. 1, ed. 2, pi. 11 j Sturm, Mo/i. Mamph. 
pt. 1, pi. 1; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 234; Bp. Cmsp. i. p. 92; ScL 

P. Z. S. 1858, pp. 75, 460 (Ecuador); ScL et Salv. P. Z. S. 1806, 
p. 195 (Ucayali), 1873, p. 297 (E. Peru), et 1879, p. 633 (Bolivia); 
iid. Nomencl. p. 108 ; Cassin, Pr. Ac. So. Phil. 1867. p. 105 : Tacz. 
Om. Per. iii. p. 146; BerL J.f O. 1889, p. 310. 
Similar to B. cuvieri, but generally smaller, and bill much smaller: 
whole length 18*5 inches, wing 8, tail 6, bill from gape 4*3. 
Hah. Eastern Pern, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Colombia. 

a. $ ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk.
c-e. Ad. sk.
/ . Ad. sk.
%g. Ad. sk. 
Chayavetas, E. Peru (Bartlett). 
Upper Amazons (BCauxwett). 
Upper Amazons (Bartlett). 
Upper Amazons. 
Upper Amazons. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Purchased. 
h. Ad. sk. Cosnipata, S. Peru (Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

1. liHUIL»HAVWV*. 131 
i. Ad. bii. Tilotilo, Yimgas, Bolivia Salvin-Godiuan Coll. 
h. Ad. sk.
I. Ad. sk.
m. Ad. sk.
n. Ad. st.
(Buckley), 
Guanai, Bolivia {Buckley). 
San Jose, Ecuador (Buckley), 
Bogota (?). 
Bogota. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Gould CoH. 
Gould Coll. 

10. Rhamphastos citreolaemus. 
Ramphastos 
citreolceinus, Gould, 1\ Z. ti. 184*5, p. 147 (Bogota); 
id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 9 ;ti< I. P. Z. ti. 1855, p. 1(5] (Bogota); 
Cassin, Pr. Ac. tic. Phil. 1867, p. 10(5; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 379 
(Colombia); tic/. c£ti«&. P. Z. ti. 1879, p. 537 (Antioquia); Berl. 

J.f. 0. 1884, p. 31 9 (BucaramangaJ. 
Above black; upper tail-coverts lemon-yellow: beneath, throat 
and neck pale lemon-yellow; belly black; crissum scarlet; bill 
black, basal band and culmen greenish yellow: whole length 20 
inches, wing 8, tail 6-5, bill from gape 5. Female similar. 

Hah. Colombia. 

a, h. S $ ad. sk. Remedios, Antioquia, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Salmon). 

c. Ad. sk. Medellin, Antioquia (Salmo?i). Gould Coll. 
d $ ad. sk. Canta, Magdalena Valley, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
U. S. C. (Wyatt). 
e. <$ ad. sk. Canta, Magdalena Valley, Sclater Coll. 
U.S. C. (Wyatt). 
f, g. Ad. sk. Bogota, Gould Coll. 
11. Rhanrphastos osculans. 
Ramphastos 
osculans, Gould, P. Z. ti. 1835, p. 150; id. Mon. 
Ramph. ed. 1, pi. 5, ed. 2, pi. 10 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 92 ; Peh. Orn. 
Bras. p. 234; Cassin, Pr. Ac. tic. P/iiL 1807, p. 106; Scl et Sato. 
Nomencl. p. 108; Salv. Ibis, 1886, p. 05 (Brit. Guiana). 

Above black; upper tail-coverts orange: beneath, throat yellow, 

pectoral band scarlet, belly black, crissum scarlet; bill black, basal 

band and eulnien yellow: whole length 17*5 inches, wing 7*5, tail 

6, bill from gape 4. Female similar. 

Rah. Guiana and Rio Negro. 

The deep yellow neck and orange tipper tail-feathers sufficiently 

distinguish this species. 

a. Ad. sk. Oyapok, Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. British Guiana. Gould Coll. 
c, d. Jr. sk. Rio Negro. Gould Coll. 
12. Rhamphastos arieL 
Ramphastos ariel, Vig. Zool. Jowm. ii. p. 466; Owen, P. Z. ti. 1832, 
p 4f>\ Goidd, P. Z. ti. 1834, p. 74; id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 1, pi. 10, 
et ed. 2, pi. 12; Scl. Cat. A. B. p. 325; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 234; 

K2 

132 BIUMPHASTIDJE. 

Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 1867, p. 106; Scl. et Salv. Nomencl 

p. 108; Berl J.f. 0. 1873, p. 277 (S. Brazil). 
Rampliabtos temminckii, Wagl. Syst. Av. sp. 10; Max. Beitr. iv. 
p. 272; Burm. Syst. TJeb. ii. p. 205; Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt. iii. 
pi. 4; Cab. J.f. 0. 1874, p. 228 (S. Brazil). < 
Le grand Toucan a ventre rouge, Zevaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 17, 
pi. 6 (?). 
Bamphastos erythrosoma, Wagl. Syst. Av. sp. 9. 

Above black; upper tail-coverts scarlet: beneath, whole throat 
and neck orange; broad pectoral band scarlet; belly black ; crissum 
scarlet; bill black, with a yellow basal band: whole length 18 
inches, wing 7*5, tail G*o, bill from gape 4-5. Female similar. 

Hab. Eastern Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. 8.E. Brazil. Purchased. 
b, c. S S ad. sk.; Para, Brazil. Gould Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk.
/ . Jr. &k.
g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk. 
Pernambuco, 
Pernambuco, 
Bahia, Brazil. 
Santa Fe,
Brazil (Craven).
B 
Minas,
razil (Forbes). 
Brazil 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sudbury Mus. [E.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i. J ad. sk.
k. Ad. sk.
(Rogers). 
Sao Paulo, Brazil (Joynef). 
S.E. Brazil. ' 
Salvin-Godman OoU. 
Sclater Coll. 
I. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Jardine Coll. 
m. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Gould Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Purchased. 

13. Rhamphastos vitelliaus. 
Ramphastos vitellinus, Licht. DouU. p. 7; 8w. Zool. 111. ser. 1, 
i. pi. 56; Wagl Syst. Av. sp. 12; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 74; 
id. Mon. Mampli. ed. 1, pi. 0, et ed. 2, pi. 1*3; Sturm, Mon. 
RampTi. pt. iii. pi. 3 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 93; Less. Tr. d'Orn. 
p. 173; Cab. in Schomb. G-man. iii. p. 722; Taylor, Ibis, 1864, 
p. 93 (Trinidad); Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil 1867, p. 107,* Pek. 
Orn. Bras. p. 233 ; Finsch, P. Z. S.1870, p. 584 (Trinidad) ; Salv. 
Ibis, 188G, p. 05 (Brit. Guiana). 
Le Pignan-Ooin, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 19, pi. 7. 

Above black : upper tail-coverts scarlet: beneath, throat and 
sides of neck white ; fore neck yellow; broad pectoral band scarlet; 
belly black; crissum scarlet; bill black, with a pale basal band ; 
whole length 18 inches, wing 7*5, tail 6-5, bill from gape 4*6. 
Female similar. 

llab. Trinidad, Venezuela, Guiana, and Lower Amazonia. 

At once distinguishable from R. ariel by the white sides of the 
neck. In R. ariel the whole throat and fore neck are of a uniform 
orange. 

a. Ad. sk. Trinidad. Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Purchased. 
o, d. $ J ad. sk. Bartica Grove, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitely). 

2. ANDiGEia. 133 
e~g. Ad. sir.
h. Ad. sk. 
British Guiana. 
Demerara. 
Gould Coll. 
Purchased. 
i. Ad. sk. Demerara. Purchased. 
h. J ad. sk.
I. Ad. sk. 
Lower Amazons (Wallace). 
Lower Amazons. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

14. Eliamphastos dicolorus. 
Banipkastos dicolorus, Linn. S. N. i. p. 152; Gm. S. Ar, i. p. 356; 
Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 135; Waql Syst. Av. sp. 14 ; Sio. Zool. III 
ser. 1, ii. pi. 108 ; Jard. et Se'lh. Ill Orn. i. pi. 29; Less. Tr. 

. cPOrn. p. 173; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 74; id. Man. Bamph. 
ed. 1, pi. 11, et ed. 2, pi. 14; Sturm, Mon. Bamph. pt. iii. pi. 5; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 93; Cab. in Schomb. Guian. iii. p. 722; Burm. Syst. 
Ueb. ii. p. 204 ; Fraser, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 368; Peh. Orn. Bras. 

p. 235 ; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil 1867, p. 107; Scl Cat. A. B. 
p. 325; Hamilton, Ibis, 1871, p. 308 (Brazil); Scl. et 8ah\ 
Nomencl. p. 108; Berl. J. f. O. 1873, p. 277 (S. Brazil), et 1887, 
p. 121 (Paraguay); 
Cab. J. f. O. 1874, p. 228 (S. Brazil); Sah. 
Ibis, 1880, p. 65 (Brit. Guiana). 
Bamphastos eklororhynckus, Temm. Man. cPOrn. i. p. lxxvi. 
Bamphastos pectoralis, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 365. 
Tucai, Azara, Apunt. i. p. 239 (Paraguay). 
Bamphastos tucai, Licht. Doubl. p. 7 ; Waal Syst. Av. sp. 13; Less. 

Tr.oVOrn. p. 173. ^ ' 
Le petit Toucan a ventre rouge, Levaill Ois. de Par. ii. p. 22, pi. 8. 

Above black: upper tail-coverts scarlet: beneath, throat pale 
lemon-yellow, with a large orange patch in the middle ; upper half 
of belly scarlet, lower half black; crissum scarlet; bill greenish, 
with a black basal band: whole length 20 inches, wing 8, tail 7, 
bill from gape 4*2. Female similar, 

Hab. S.E. Brazil and Paraguay. 

a. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Mrs. Graham [P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Purchased, 
c. Jr. st. S.E. Brazil. 
Zool. Soc. Coll. 
d. £ ad. sk. Sao Paulo, Brazil (Joyner). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. 2 
a^. s^' IM.0 Claro, Goyaz, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Joyner). 
f. 
Ad. sk. Novo Fribourgo, Bio, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Youds). 
g. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Sclater Coll. 
'h-l. Ad.; m. Jr. S.E. Brazil. Gould Coll 
sk. » 

2. ANM&ENA. _ 
Type. 
Andigena, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 93 A. kypoglaucus. 
Bamphomelus, Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 4 (1854) A. nigrirostris. 
This little group, which embraces five or six species, mostly in


habitants of the high forests of the Andes, has usually been placed 
lower down in the series, but seems to me to come in most naturally 
next to Rhamphastos. 

TtTTVAipmsrinjE. 

The typical Andigena* are all of a generally bluish-grey colour, 

A. bailloni, if it really belongs to this genus, presenting a remarkable 
deviation in this respect, as it does in its range. The sexes 
are alike. 
Key to the Sjoecies. 

A. 
General plumage bluish grey. 
a, Throat bluish grey. 
a'. Flanks uniform: 
J rump yellow; tail-end chestnut ... . 1. hypoglaucus, p. 134. 
| rump green ; tail uniform 2. cucullatus, p. 134. 

b'. Flanks yellow ; tail-end chestnut ... . 3. laminirostris, p, 135. 

b. Throat white : 
j bill uniform black 4. nigrirostris, p. 135. 
) bill with red blotch 5. spilorkynchus,^. 136. 
B. General plumage yellow 
6. bailloni, p. 13B. 
1. Andigena hypoglaucns. 
Pteroglossus kypoglaucus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 70, et 1834, 
p. 77; id. Mon. Ramph. ed. i. pi. 19; Sturm, Mou. Ramph. pt. ii. 
pi. 4; Bp. Consp. i. p. 94. 
Andigena 
hypoglauca, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 93; id. Mon. 
Ramph. ed. % pi. 38; Casdn, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil lfcG7, p. 122; 
Bel et Salv. Nomenol. p. 109; iid. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 186 (Peru); 
Tacz. et Berl. P. Z. S.1885, p. 108 (Ecuador); Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. 

p. 157. 
Above dark green with a brownish tinge; cap black, broad 
nuchal band bluish grey: rump yellow ; tail-end chestnut: beneath 
bluish grey, thighs dark chestnut; crissum scarlet; bill yellow, 
broad transverse band near the base and end of lower mandible 
black, culmen and apical half of upper mandible red: whole length 
17*5 inches, wing 7, tail 7, bill from gape 4. Female similar. 

J-fab. Colombia, Ecuador, and "Western Peru. 

a. Ad. st.
b, c. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
San Lucas, Ecuador {BuckPurchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley). 
d. Ad. sk. San Lucas, Ecuador (BuckSclater 
Coll. 
ley). 
e. Ad. sk.
f-h.M.-, i,k. 
Ecuador (Buckley). 
Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Jr. sk. 
I. <$ ad. sk. Oachupata,
(Whitely). 
S.W. Peru Sclater Coll. 

2. Andigena cucullatus. 
Pteroglossus cucullatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 69; Bp. Consp. i. 
p. 95. 
Andigena cucullatus, Goidd, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 93 ; id. Mon. Ramph, 
ed. 2, pi. 39; Sol et Salv. Nomencl. p. 109; iid. P. Z. S. 1870, 

p. 634 (Bolhia); Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 1807, p. 122; Tacz. 
P. Z. S. 1874, p. 548 (C. Peru), et 1882, p. 45 fN.E. Peru), 
2 . ANDIGHSNA. 
135 
Above dark green with, a brownish, tinge on the back; cap 
black; nuchal band bluish grey: beneath bluish grey, darker on tho 
throat; thighs brown; crissum scarlet; bill greenish yellow, with 
the tip and a spot at the base of tho lower mandible black : whole 
length 15*5 inches, wing G-5, tail 6*5, bill from gape 3. 

Eab. Bolivia and Peru. 

This species is easily distinguished from A. hypoglaucm by its 
differently coloured bill, green rump and uniform tail, without tho 
chestnut tail-end. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. Bolivia. 
T. Bridge*, [C.]. 
3. Andigena laminirostris. 
Andigena 
laminirostris, (xould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 93; id. Mm. 
Pamph. ed. 2, pi. 37; Sclater, P. Z. S. 185% p. 140, et 1860, 

p. 95 (Ecuador) ; id. Cat. A. B. p. 327; Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 
1867, p. 122; Perl et Tacz. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 308, et 1885, p. 121 
(W. Ecuador); Tacz. Orn. PSr. iii. p. 158. 
Above clear olive-brown; head and nape black; rump lemon-
yellow ; tail dark grey, with broad chestnut tail-end to the central 
feathers: beneath blue, large ilank-spot yellow; thighs brownish 
chestnut; crissum scarlet; bill black, more or less red at the 
base; raised plate at the base of the upper mandible white : whole 
length 17 inches, wing 6-5, tail 6-5, bill from gape 4. Female 
similar. 

Eab. Ecuador and Western Peru. 

The raised plate near the base of the upper mandible renders this 
species unique among the Rhamphastidce, and, indeed, among birds. 
The orange-yellow flank-spot likewise separates it from the two 
preceding species. 

a. d ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
h. Ad. sk.
c, d. Ad. se. A.d. sk.
k. 
Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). 
Jima, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Quito, Ecuador. ' 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godraan Coll. 
Ralvin-G-odman Coll. 
/ . Ad sk.
g-i. Ad.;
Jr. sk. 
h. 
Ecuador. 
Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

4. Andigena nigrirostris. 
Pteroglossus nigrirostris, Waterh. P. Z* 8. 1839, p. Ill; Bp, Consp, 
i. p. 94. 
Pteroglossus melanorhynchus, Sturm, Monogr. Ramph. pt. i. pi. 3. 
Andigena nigiirostris," Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 93; id. Monogr. 
Mmnph. ed. 2, pi. 40; 8el P. Z. S. 1855, p. 161 (Bogota); id. 
Cat. A. B. p. 327; Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. PJdlad. 1867, p. 123; 
Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 379 (Colombia); Berl. J.f. 0.1884, p. 319 
(Bucaramanga). 

Above clear brownish olive; cap and nape black ; rump pale 
yellow: tail dark grey, with brown chestnut tail-end to central 

KHAMPHASTIDJ3. 

feathers: beneath pale sky-blue, throat white; thighs chestnut; 

crissum scarlet; bill black: whole length 17 inches, wing 6*8, 
tail 7, bill from gape 4. Female similar. 

Bab. Colombia. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 

c. Ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
d-g. Ad. sk. Bogota. 

h. Ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Rio Napo. Sclater Coll. 
Gould Coll. 

k. Ad. sk. Peru (?). 
5. Andigena spilorhynchus. 
Andigeua nigrirostris, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1854, p. 115, et 1858, p. 75. 
Andigena spilorkynckus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 149; Solatia 

P. Z. S. 1858, p. 75 (note) ; id. Cat. A. B. p. 327; Cassin, Pr. 
Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 123; Scl et Salt. Nomencl p. 109; iid. 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 537 (Antioquia). 
Similar to A. nigrirostris, but with a reddish blotch at the base 
of the bill, extending more or less along the upper mandible. 
ffab. Western Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. (S ad. sk. Concordia, Antioquia (SalSclater 
Coll. 
mon). 
b, c. $ § ad. sk. Concordia, Antioquia (SalSalvin-
Godrnan Cull. 
mon). 
d, e. Ad. sk. Concordia, Antioquia (SalGould 
Coll. 
mon). 
f-h. Ad. sk. Antiocjuia (Salmon). Gould Coll. 
ij k. Ad. sk. Eosario, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godrnan Cull. 
I, m. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 

n. Ad. sk. Forests of Baiza, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
6. Andigena bailloni. 
I/Aracari Baillon, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 44, t. 18. 
Eamphastos bailloni, Vieill. Nouv. Diet, xxxiv. p. 283; id. Enc. 
Meth. p. 1431. 
Pteroglos&us bailloni, Wagl. Syst. Av. s&p. 7; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, 

p. 77; id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 1, pi. 20, et ed. 2, pi. 41; Sturm, 
Mon. Ramph. pt. iv. pi. 4; Bp. Consp. i. p. 94; Less. Tr. WOm. 
p. 176; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 114; Pelz. Orn. 
Bras. p. 238; Berk J.f. 0.1873, p. 279 (S. Brazil); Cab. J.f.O. 
1874, p. 228 (S. Brazil). 
Pteroglo&bus croceus, Jard. et Selb. III. Orn. i. pi. 6. 
Andigena bailloni, Govld, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 93; Scl. Cat. A. B. 

p. 328. 
Above olive-green, more yellowish on front and superciliaries; 
rump scarlet: beneath saffron-yellow, flanks and crissum greenish; 
bill greenish, dark at the base, where there -is a reddish blotch: 
whole length 15 inches, wing 5*3, tail 6-5, bill from gape 3*2, 
Female similar. 

Hob. S.E. Brazil. 

3 . PTEROeLOSBTJS. 
As regards its colour this Toucan stands quite alone. Gould 
placed it in the present genus, where I think it may remain, unless 
another generic name is formed for it. 

a. Ad. st.
b. Ad. sk.
c. S ad. sk. 
S.E. Brazil. 
Novo Fribourgo, Rio,
Brazil (Youcis). 
Pelotas, Rio Grande do 
Lord Stuart de Kothesay 
[P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. Ad. sk.
Sul, Brazil (Joyner). 
S.E. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
e-g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk. 
S.E. Brazil. 
S.E. Brazil, 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i. Skeleton. Eyton Coll. 

3. 
PTEROGLOSSUS. 
Type. 
Pteroglossus, 111. Prodr. Syst. Mamm. et Av. p. 202 
(1811) P. aracari. 
Aracari, Less. Man. d'Om. ii. p. 131 (lb28) P. azarse. 
Pxrosterna, Bp. Comp. Vol. Zyg. p. 4\l8o4) P. bitorquatus. 
Beauliarnasius, Bp. ibid. P. beauharnaisi. 
Gramniarhynckus, Gould, Hon. Mamph. ed. % introd. 

p. 2(3 (lb54j , P. inscriptus. 
Pteroglossus is the most brilliant and diversified genus of the 
family, with a plumage of green, scarlet, and yellow, oiten arranged 
in patches of marked contrast. Refusing to acknowledge several 
subdivisions of recent authors to be of generic value, I place 18 
species within the limits of this genus, and include among them the 
magnificent Curl-crested Aracari, one of the finest birds of the 
whole Neotropical Ornis. 
Pteroglossus ranges as far north as lihaniphastos, but not perhaps 
quite so far south, as no species has yet been detected in Argentina, 
though P. vjiedi extends into the Brazilian province of Rio Grande 
do Sul. The headquarters of Pteroglossus is certainly the great 
forest of Amazonia, where numerous species are met with. 
In Pteroglossus the sexes are mostly alike or nearly so, but in 
some species the males are considerably more intense in colour, and 
thus distinguishable by external characters. 

Key to the Species. 

A. Head-feathers not scaly. 
a. Breast banded j sexes alike. 
a!. Bill larger (Pteroglossus). 
a". Without a black pectoral spot. 
a'". Nape black. 
tiK With one band beneath. 
a\ Stripe on culmen broad .. 1. aracari, p. 138. 
/A Stripe on culmen narrow: 

\ .smaller 2. wiedi, p. liJU. 
j larger 3. formosus, p. 139. 

138 BHAMPHASTIDJE. 
5*. With two bands beneath. . . 4. pluricincttts, p. 139. 
b'". Nape chestnut 5. castanotis, p. 140. 
b". With a black pectoral spot. 
</". With a chestnut nuchal collar: 
J belly-band mostly blackI belly-band scarlet 
6. torquatus, p. 141. 
7. frantzii, p. 142. 
(V", Withoutcollar: 
a chestnut nuchal 
] base of lower mandible white.
I base of lower mandible black. 
8. erythropygius, p. 143. 
9. sanguineus, p. 143. 

b'. Bill smaller (Pyrostema). 

c". Neck-band yellow: 
j base of lower mandible white . 10. bitorquatus, p. 144. 
( base of lower mandible black . 11. sturmi, p. 144. 

d". Neck-band scarlet: 
(upper mandible uniform ... . 12. Jlavirostris, p. 144. 
< upper mandible with a brown 
( stripe ,. 13. azar&, p. 145. 

b. Breast not b/anded; sexes different 
(Grammarhynohus). 
c! Tomise with black transverse stripes: 
S under mandible black 14. humboldti, p. 14G. 
j under mandible mostly white .. 15. inseriptus, p. 146. 

d'. Tomise without black transverse 

stripes: 
j culnien uniform 16. viridis, p. 147. 
j culmen with a black stripe ... . 17. didymas, p. 147. 

B. Head-feathers scaly, curled 18. beauhamaisi, p. 148. 
1. Pteroglossus aracari. 
Eamphastos aracari, Linn. 8. N. i. p. 151. 

Pteroglossus 
aracari, III. Prod. Syst. Mamm. et Av. p. 202; Wayl. 
Syst. Av. sp. 2 j Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 75; id. Man. JRamph. 
ed. 1, pi. 12, et eel. 2, pi. 15; Bp. Consp. i. p. 93; Ctezw, Pr. Ac. 
Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 108; Scl. Cat. A. B. p. 325; SeL et Sab. P. Z. S. 
1867, pp. 586, 594 (L. Amazons); iid. Nomencl p. 108; Fimch, 

P. Z. S. 1870, p. 584 (Trinidad); Salv. Ibis, 1886, p. 05 (Brit. 
Guiana). 
Toucan verd du Bresil, Daub. PI. Enl. 166. 
Eamphastos atricollis, Hull. S. N. Suppl. p. 83. 
L'Aracari a ceinture rouge, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 29, pi. 10. 

Above dark green, head and nape black, ear-coverts more or less 
tinged with chestnut; rump scarlet: beneath pale yellow; throat 
and neck black; ventral band scarlet: flanks and crissum reddish 
green; upper mandible white, with a broad culminal stripe; 
under mandible black: whole length 18 inches, wing 6, tail 6-5^ 
bill from gape 4*4. Female similar. 

Hob. Guiana, Cayenne, Surinam, and Lower Amazonia. 

a. 
J ad. sk. Bartica Grove. Br. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitely). 
b. Ad. sk. Demerara. 
Gould Coll. 
c. d. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
Gould Coll. 
139 

3 . PTEROfifLOSSTJS. 
e. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Cayenne. Purchased. 
ff. Ad. sk. Maroni R., Surinam (Kappler). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2. Pteroglossus wiedi. 
Pteroglossus wiedii, Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt. iv.; Gould, Mon. 
Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 16; Cassin, Pr. Ac. tic. Phil. 1867, p. 108; Scl 
Cat. A. B. p. 326; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 235; Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 
1867; pp. 594, 595;(L- Amazons); iid. No-mend. p. 108; Hamilton, 
Ibis, 1871, p. 308 (Brazil); Berl. J.f. 0. 1873. p. 277 (S. Brazil) j 

Cab. J.f. 0. 1874, p. 228 (S. Brazil). 
Pteroglossus aracari, Mar. Beitr. iv. p. 283; Burnt. Srnt. TJeb. ii. 

p. 207 j Eider, J.f 0. 1867, pp. 190, 195. 
Similar to P. aracari, but culminal stripe narrow, and thighs 
more greenish. 
Bab. Lower Amazonia and S.E. Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. Oapim H., Lower Amazonia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Wallace). 
b. Ad. sk. Para. 
Gould Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Bahia. 
Gould Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Bahia. 
Sclater Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Santa Fe, Minas, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Rogers). 
/. 2 ad. sk. Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Brazil (Joyner). 

g. Jr. sk. Brazil. 
Purchased. 
h. Ad. sk. Brazil. 
Gould CoU. 
3. Pteroglossus formosus. 
Pteroglossus 
formosus, Cab. J. f. O. 1862, p. 332 (Venezuela); 
Cassia, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1807, p. 108. 

Larger than the two preceding; culminal stripe narrow, and 

thighs green, as in P. iviedi. 
Hab. Venezuela. 

4. Pteroglossus pluricinctus. 
Pteroglossus pluricinctus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1835, p. 157; id. Mon. 
Mamph. ed. 1, pi. 15, et ed. 2, pi. 17; Sturm, Mon. Bamph. pt. ii. 
pi. 3; Bp. Consp. i. p. 94; Sclater, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 75 (Ecuador); 
id. Cat. A. B. p. 326 ; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 109; 
Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 236; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 753, et 
1873, p. 297 (E. Peru); iid. Nomencl p. 109; Salv. Ibis, 1SS6, 

p. 65 (Brit. Guiana) ; Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 151; Berl. J. f. O. 
1889, p. 310 (E. Peru). 
Pteroglossus poecilosternus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1843, p. 147 (Bogota); 
id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 18; Bp. Consp. i. p. 94; Cassin, Pr. 
Ac. tic. Phil. Jt>67, p. 109 ; Scl. Cat. A. R. p. 326; Scl. et Salv. 
Nomencl p. 109. 

L'Aracari a double eeinture, Levaill Ois, de Par. ii. p. 32, pi. 11. 

140 
EHAMPHASTIDJ2. 

Above dark green, head and nape blackish, ear-coverts more or 

less tinged with chestnut; rump scarlet: beneath yellow; throat 

and neck and well-defined pectoral band black ; ventral band black, 

more or less mixed with scarlet; thighs brown, mixed with green ; 

upper mandible 
white, with a narrow basal band and broad 

eulminal stripe black; lower mandible black: whole length 18 

inches, wing 6, tail G'5, bill from gape 4*5. Female similar. 

Hob. Colombia and Amazonia. 

P. plit7*iiincti(s was established on ISTatterer's specimens from the 
Eio Negro, and P. jp^cilostermts on Bogota skins. I cannot 
sepaiate examples from these localities, but Upper Amazonian 
specimens have the ventral band much more mixed with scarlet, as 
in Gould's figure of P. pcetilosteTnus. However, there is much 
variation on this point, and I think it much better not to recognize 
more than one species. 
a-d. Ad. &k. Bogota. Salvin-Godman, 
Sclater, and Gould Colls. 
e,f. S S ad. sk. Bio Negro. Gould Coll. 


(j. Ad. sk. Rio Napo. Sclater Coll. 
h,i Ad.sk. Saiayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k. d 
ad. sk. Cliayavetas, E. Peru (Barf- Sahiii-Gocliixan Coll. 
lett). 
I. $ ad. sk. Loretoyacu, E. Peru (Mm/1 - Sclater Coll. 
loell). 
?n-o. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons. Gould Coll. 


p. Bill. Upper Amazon*. Gould Coll. 
5. Pteroglossus castanotis. 
Pteroglossus castanotis, 
Gould, P. Z. S. 1833, p. 119, et 1834, p. 75: 
id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 1, pi. 13, et ed. 2, pi. 19 ; Sturm, Mon. 
Ramph. pt. ii. pi. 1; Bp. Crmsp. i. p. 93; JScl. P. Z. S. 1854, 

p. 115 (Ecuador), et 1855, p. 161 (Bogota); id. Cat. A. B. p. 320 ; 
Cassin, Pi'. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1807, p. Ill; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 230; 
Scl. & Sah. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 195 (Ucayali), 1873, p. 297 (E. Peru), 
et 1879, p. 033 (Bolivia) ; iid. KomencL p. 109; Tacz. Orn. Per, 
hi. p. 151; Bcrl. J.f.O. 18b9, p. 311. 
Above dark green; head black, sometimes with a chestnut coronal 
spot; nape and sides of head more or less brownish chestnut; rump 
scarlet: beneath pale yellow; throat and fore neck black, throat 
sometimes more or less chestnut; broad ventral band scarlet; thighs 
brown; upper mandible straw-colour, with a broad culminal stripe 
and elongated band on each side along the base black ; lower mandible 
black : whole length 18 inches, wing G, tail 6*5, bill from 
gape 4*2. Female similar. 

Bab. Colombia, Ecuador, Amazonia, Bolivia, and interior of 
Brazil. 
This is a wide-ranging species and is subject to much variation. 
The southern bird has usually a brownish coronal patch and a lighter 

3 . PTEROGLOSSUS. 
141 

chestnut on the neck. It may be termed australis, after Uasuhi, by 
those who use trinomials. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c, d. Ad. sk. Andoa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

e. Ad. sk. Barra do ftio Negro ( IVallace). Sclator Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Bio Negro. Purchased. 
g. Ad. sk. Rio Negro. 
Purchased. 
h. Ad. sk. Lower xVmazonia. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i-l. Ad. sk. Lower Amazonia. Gould Coll. 
m, n. Ad. sk. Upper Amazon^. Grould Coll. 
o. Ad.sk. Upper Amazons (Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
a<l' b^*

lh ll-? Samiria, E. Peru {Ilauxwell). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

r. 
J ad. sk. Sarayaeu, Peruvian Amazons Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Bartlett). 
s. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t-b'. $ ad.; c'- Ckapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g[. Jad.sk. (K, K. Smith). 
h'i\ J 2ad.sk. Abrilango,Matto Grosso, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(S. m Smith). 
6. Pteroglossus torquatus. 
ItamphastOb torquatus, 
Gm. S. N. i. p. 354; Lath. Lid. Oni. 
I p. 137 (Y). 
Pteroglossus torquatus, Wagl. Isis, 1829, p. 508 ; Gould, Mon. 
Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 20; Stwm, Mon. Ramph. pt. ii. pi. 2; Scl. 

P. Z. S. 1857, p. 205 (Mexico), 1858, p. 359 (Honduras), et 1859, 
p. 59 (Honduras), et p. 388 (Mexico); id. Cat A. B. p. 320 ; Scl. 
et Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 135 j iid. P. Z, S. 1804, p. 306 (Panama), 
1870, p. 837 (Honduras), et 1879, p. 537 (Antioquia); iid. Nomencl. 
p. 109; Taylor, Ibis, 1800, p. 119 (Honduras) ; Laivr. Ann. Lyc. 
N. Y. vii. p. 299 (Colombia), et ix. p. 129 (Costa Rica); Cab. 
J.f. 0. 18G2, p. 331 (Costa Uica) ; Frants. J.f. 0. 1809, p. 302 
(Uosta Rica); Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 110; Salv. Ibis, 
1872, p. 323 (Nicaragua) ; Boue. P. Z, S. 1878, p. 40 (Costa Itica), 
et 1883, p. 455 (Yucatan) ; Salv. et Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 175 (Colombia) 
; Nutt. P. U. S. N. M. v. p. 401 (Costa liica), et vi. 
pp. 388; 407 (Nicaragua); Ridgw. P. U. S. K. M, ix. p, 103 
(Mexico), et x. p. 591 (Honduras). 
Pteroglossus amhiguus, Less. Tr. d'Om. p. 178. 
Pteroglossus regalia, Licht. in Mm. Berol.; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, 


p. 75 j id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 1, pi. 14; Bp. Consp. i. p. 94. 
Pteroglossus nuckaha, Cab. J.f. 0.1802, p. 332 (Venezuela); Cassin, 
Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1807, p. 110. 

Above dark green; head black; narrow nuchal collar chestnut; 

rump scarlet: beneath pale yellow; throat and neck black, pectoral 

spot black, breast more or less stained with crimson; belly


band black, more or less mixed with crimson; thighs chestnut; 

bill black; narrow basal line all round white; greater part of upper 

mandible except the tip pale yellow: whole length 15 inches, wing 

5-5, tail 6, bill from gape 4. Female similar. 

Hah. Southern Mexico and Central America down to Panama; 

also Northern Colombia and Venezuela. 

The pectoral spot is very faintly marked in some specimens of 

this Toucan, but large and distinct in others from the same locality. 

RHAMPHASTIDJE. 

a. c?ad. sk. 
b. ? ad.; * e. $ 
jr.; d. Ad. sk. 
e. $ jr. sk. 
f,g. tfad.; A, *'. 
$ ad. sk. 
ft-m. Jr. sk. 

n. 5 ad. sk. 
o. c?ad. sk. 
p. 5 ad. sk. 
q. Ad. hk. 
/*, s. Ad. sk. 
£. Ad. sk. 
u. Ad. sk. 
v} w. Ad. sk. 
,i*-s. Ad. sk. 

a'} b'. Ad. sk. 

c'. Ad. sk. 
<#'. Ad. sk. 
e\ Ad. sk. 
/'. Ad. sk. 
g'. Ad. sk. 

h', i'. Ad. sk. 

k', I'. Ad. sk. 

m'. Ad. sk. 

n', o'. d1 5 ad. sk. 
j/. J ad. sk. 

q\ J ad. sk. 

r'. S ad. sk. 

s'. Ad. sk. 

£'. c?ad. sk. 

id. Ad. sk. 

i>'. J ad. sk. 

w\ Skeleton. 

S. 
Lorenzo, Cordova, Mexico 
(7'Vrrarz-IVes). 
Playa Vicente, Vera Cruz, 
Mexico (Trujillo). 
Sockiapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico 

(Trujillo). 
Teapa," Tabasco, Mexico {Mrs. 

H. JET. Smith). 
Orange "Walk, Brit. Honduras 

(Gaume7'). 
Cayo, Brit. Honduras (BlaneaneaiLv). 
Tonala, S. Mexico (Sumi


chrast). 
Izalam, N. Yucatan (Gaumer). 
Belize (Blancaneaux). 
Clioctuni, Vera Paz (Salvin). 
Clioctum, Vera Paz (Salvin). 
Coban, Vera Paz. 
Savana Grande, Guatemala 

(Salvin). 

Retalkuleu,Guatemala(£f«/i>2*?z). 
Retallruleu, Guatemala (/fe/ww). 
Retalkuleu, Guatem ala(Salvin). 
Guatemala. 
San Pedro, IIonduras( THiitely). 
Cliontales, Nicaragua (Belt). 
Nicaragua (Belattre). 
Nicaragua (Dyson). 
Bebedero, Costa Pica (AreS). 
Costa Rica (Carmiol). 
Panama (McLeannan). 
Panama (McLeannan). 
Santa Marta {Simons). 
Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta 

(Simons), 

Santa Marta. 
Remedios, Antioquia, U. S. C. 


(Salmon). 

Remedios, Antioquia, U. S. C. 

(Salmon). 

Puerto Cabello, Venezuela 

(Goering). 

7. PteroglosstLS frantzii. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godruan Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Rclater Coll. 
Gould Coll 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Purchased. 
Salvin- Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 


Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Sclater Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Purchased. 


Pteroglossus frantzii, Cab. Sitz. nat. Ges. Freunde Berlin, November 
1861; id. J. f. 0.1862, p. 833 (Costa Rica) ; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. 
Phil. 1867, p. 110; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. 7. ix. p. 129 (Costa 
Rica); Franks. J. /. 0. 1869, p. 362 (Costa Rica) ; Salv. P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 211 (Veragua) ; Sol et Salv. NbmencL p. 109; Bouc. 

P. Z. S. 1878, p. 47 (Costa Rica). 
Above dark green; bead black; nuchal collar chestnut; rump 
scarlet: beneath yellow ; throat and neck black; pectoral spot 
black, breast more or less stained with crimson; broad and 

3 . Prr/ROGLOSSTTft. 
143 

well-defined belly-band crimson, with slight black punctures ; thighs 
chestnut; bill with a white basal line all round ; upper mandible 
yellow, with a broad black blotch at the base of the culmon extending 
over the basal two thirds ; lower mandible black: whole length 
16 inches, wing 6, tail 6. Female similar. 

Hah. Costa Eica and Chiriqui. 

Generally similar to P. torquatus, but at once distinguishable by 
the broad well-defined crimson ventral band and the yellow tip of 
the upper mandible. 

a. Ad.sk.
b. Ad. sk. 
San Jose, Costa Rica (Carmiol). 
Costa Rica. ^ _ 
Sal vin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
c. (S ad. sk.
d. Ad. sk. 
S. slope of Volcano of Chiriqui(Arce). 
Veragua {Arce). 
Salvin-Goclman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
e,/« tfjad.;
5 ad.sk. 
g. Bugaba, Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Bugaba, Chiriqui (Arce). Gould Coll. 
8. Pteroglossus erythropygius. 

Pteroglossus erytkropygius, Gould, P. Z. S. 1843, p. 15; id. Zool. 
Voy. i Sulphur,1 p. 45, pi. xxviii.; id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 2; pi. 21 
(lower tig.); Set. P. Z. S.1860, pp. 71,280 (Ecuador); Lam. Ann. 
Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 178 (Chiriqui); Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 1867, 

p. 109 ; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 157 (Veragua); 8cl. et Scdv. No-
mend, p. 109; Bed. et Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 573, et 1885, p. 123 
(Ecuador). 
Above dark green: head and nape black; rump scarlet: beneath 
pale yellow; throat and neck black; pectoral spot black, breast 
more or less stained with crimson; ventral band black, slightly 
mixed with crimson; thighs chestnut; bill mostly yellow; lateral 
line along the base of the upper mandible and tip of lower mandible 
black: whole length 16 inches, wing 6, tail 0*5, bill from gape 4. 
Female similar. 

Hah. Western Ecuador. 

The original specimen of this species, now unfortunately lost, is 
said to have been obtained at Realejo in Nicaragua, but all the 
specimens I have seen with authentically determined localities are 
from Ecuador. The next species is, 1 suspect, its more northern 
representative. 

a-c. Ad. sk. Santa Eita, Ecuador (Villa- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
gomez). 

d. Ad. sk. Imtac, Ecuador (Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). Gould Coll. 
f-i. Ad.; k. Jr. Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
sk. 

9. Pteroglossus sanguineus. 
Pteroglossus erythropygius, Gould, Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 21 (upper 
figure); Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 1860, p, 136 (Rio Truando). 
Pteroglosbiis sanguineus, Gould, Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, text to pi. 21 j 

Castin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 1867, p. 109. 

14 4 
EHAMPH^STTDJE. 

Similar to P. erytJiropyc/ius, but with the lower mandible black. 
Jiab. Northern Colombia. 
Cassin states that six specimens obtained by Capt. Michler on the 


Eio Atrato in Northern Colombia are " undoubtedly of this species." 

a. Ad. sk. Northern Colombia. Gould Coll. 
10. Pteroglossus bitorquatus. 
Pteioglos^us 
bitorquatus, Vigors, Zool. Joiun. ii. p. 481 (18201; 
Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 76) <d. Mon. Ramph. ed. 1, pi. 1G, ed. 2, 
pi. 20; Sfmin, Mon. Ramph. pt. i. pi. o; Ca^sin^ Pr. Ac. Sc. 
Phil. 1867, p. 113; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 237; Scl. ei Sah. P. £. S. 
1807, pp. 5b0, 593 (Para) ; iid. Nomencl. p. 109; iS&fo. J£&, 18bG, 

p. 65 (Brit. Guiana). 
Above dark green; cap black ; upper back and rump edged with 
crimson: beneath, throat, neck, and sides of head dark chestnut, 
becoming black on the lower margin; neck-collar pale yellow; 
breast crimson ; belly pale yellow; thighs and flanks green ; upper 
mandible pale greenish yellow; lower mandible white; apical half 
black: whole length 14 inches, wing 4*7, tail 5, bill from gape 3*3. 
Female similar. 

Hah. Lower Amazonia. 

a. Ad. st.
b. $ ad. sk. 
Para, Lower Aniazoiib. 
Para, Lower Amazons (Wal11. 
Graham, Ebq. 4 P.j. 
Sclater Coll. ^ 
c. Ad. sk.
lace). 
Para. Purchased. 
d. Ad. sk. Lower Amazons. Gould Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Brazil. Zool. Soc. Coll. 

11. Pteroglossus sturmi. 
Pteroglossus stimuli, Natt. MS.; Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt. iii. pi. 7; 
Gould, Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 27 ; Cassw, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil 1807, 

p. 113; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 237 ; Scl. et Sah. Nomencl. p. 100, 
{Similar to P. hitorquatus, but lower mandible black. 
Hah. Eio Madeira. 
The single specimen of this species obtained by Natterer near 

Borba on the Madeira, in 1830, remains, so far as I know, unique in 
the Vienna Museum. 

12. Pteroglossus flavirostris. 
Pteroglossus 
flavirostris, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 60; Goidd, Mon. 
Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 29 ; Sturm, Mon. Ramph, pt. iv. pi. 3 (text) ; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 94; Scl. P. Z. S. 1854, p. 115,1857. p. 267, et 1858, 

p. 75; id. Cat. A. B. p. 326. 
Pteroglossus azarse, Gould, Mon. Ramph. ed. 1, pi 17 ; Sturm, Mon. 
Ramph. pt. i. pi. 4; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 114 ; Peh. 
Om. Bras. p. 237; Scl et Sah. P.Z.S. 1807, p. 753, et 1873, 

p. 297 (E. Peru) ; iid. Nomencl p. 109; Tac%. P.Z. S. 1882, p. 44 
(N.E. Peru) ; id. Orn. Fir. iii. p. 148 ; Berl J.f. 0.1889, p. 312. 
3 . PTEEOGLObSTJS. 
145 

Pteroglobsiis imiria>, Gould) Mon. Itamph. ed. 2, pi. 30: Cassin, P>\ 
Ac. So. Phil. 1867, p. 114. 

^ Above dark green; cap black ; nape dark crimson; rump scarlet; 
sides of head and throat dark chestnut, with a black border beneath; 
broad neck-band scarlet; upper belly black, lower belly pale yellow: 
thighs green; bill yellow, with a lino of black spots along the edges 
of the upper mandible: whole length 15 inches, wing 5, tail 5*5, 
bill from gape 3*5. Female similar. 

Hah. Colombia, Ecuador, and Upper Amazonia. 

After carefully examining the present series I have come to the 
conclusion that the only satisfactory plan is to unite the birds termed 
by Gould P.Jlavirostris and P. maria\ The brownish tinge on the 
lower mandible appears to be an unreliable character, and there is 
considerable variation in size in specimens from the same locality. 

a. Ad. sk. E. Peru. Purchased. 
h, c. Ad. sk. Bogota. Gould Coll. 
d. Ad. sk.
e. Ad. sk.
/ , g. Ad. sk.
"h. Ad. sk.
i. Ad. skh. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
Bogota. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Rio Napo. 
Rio Javari (Bates). 
Xeberos, E. Peru (Bartlett). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I, m. $ 5 ad. sk. Samiria,Upper Amazons (HauxSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
n. Ad. sk.
o. Ad. sk.
p. Ad. sk.
q, r. S $ ad. sk.
s. Ad. sk.
t. Ad. sk.
u. Ad. sk.
v. Ad. st.
welt), 
Upper Amazons (Hauxwell). 
Upper Amazons. 
Ega, Upper Amazons. 
R. Amazons. 
R. Amazons (Hauxwell). 
R. Amazons. 
Qyapok, Cayenne (r1). 
R. Amazons. 
Gould Coll. 
Purchased. 
Purchased. 
Gould Coll. I /rpVT)es 
Gould ColL ( ^ ^ 
of P. marias.) 
Purchased. 
Sclater Coll. 
Purchased. 

13. Pteroglossus azaxsa. 
L'Aiacari Azara, Levaill. Prom, et Guep. Sitppi p. 40, tab. A. 
Rampliastos azarre, Vieill. Nouv. Diet, xxxiv. p. 282 ; id. Enc. M6th. 

p. 14.31; id. Gal. Ois., Suppl. (plate). 
Pteroglossus azaroe, War/l Stjst. AD. sp. 3; Sturm, Man. Pamph. 
pt. iv. pi. 3 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 94 ; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 76; id. 
Mon. Itamph. ed. 2, pi. 28; Fraser, P. Z. ti. 1840, p. 60; Cassin, Pr. 
Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 114; 8cl. et Salv. Nomencl. p. 100; Tacz.j 

Orn. Per. hi. p. 149. / 
Pteroglossus nigridens, Temm. Man. d?Orn. i. p. lxxv(?). 
Similar to P. flavirostris^ but rather smaller, and with a broad 
brown band along the lower edge of the upper mandible. 
Hah. Guiana and Rio Negro. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Rio Negro. *>fia!?d. 
c, d. Ad. sk. Rio Negro. Gould ColL 


VOL. XIX, 

RHUlPBASTIDJh,. 

uo 

14. Pteroglossus humboldti. 
Pteroglos&us humboldti, Wagl. Syst Av. sp. 4 (1827); Gould, Mon. 
Humph, ed. 1, pi. 22, ed. 2, pi. 22; id. P. Z. S.1835, p. 157; Sturm, 
Man. Humph, pt. ii. pi. 5 ( S), pt. iii. pi. 8 (?); &?J. P. #. 8.1857, 

p. 267 (U. Amazons); Cassin, Pr. Ac. 8c. Phil. 1867, p. 112; 
Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 237 ; 8cl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 18G6, p. 195 (Ucayali), 
1807, p. 753, et 1873, p. 297 (E. Peru); iid. Nomencl. p. 109; 
Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. Peru) ; id. Orn. Per. iii. p. 149 ; 
Berl. J.f. 0.1889; p. 311. 
Above dark green; bead black; rump scarlet: beneath pale 
yellow; throat and neck black; thighs brown ; upper mandible 
clear ochraceous; culruinal ridge and row of spots along the cutting-
edge black; lower mandible black: whole length 14 inches, wing 5, 
tail 5-5, bill from gape 3'5. Female similar, but throat, neck, and 
nape brown. 

Hah. Upper Amazonia. 

a. $ ad. sk. Nauta, R. Amazons. E. Bartlett |~C.]. 
b, c. $ $ ad. sk. Rio Javari. W. Bate.-, [C.]. 
d. Ad. sk. Rio Jayari. 
W. Bates [C.]. 
e. $ ad. &k. Upper Ucajali. _ E. Bartlett [C.]. 
/. c?ad. sk. Sarayacu, E. Peru (Whltely). Sclater Coll. 
y, h. 6 $ad. sk. Ehira, E. Peru (Hauxtvell). fcSalvin-Go luian Coll. 
i. 
(J ad. sk. Yquitos, Upper Amazons fcJalvin-Godman Coll. 
{Whitely). 
k. J ad. &k. Chayavetas, E. Peru (Bartlett). Sclater Coll. 
I. Ad. sk. B Amazonia. 
Gould Coll. 
m. d1 ad.; n~p. Upper Amazons. Gould Coll. 
$ ad. sk. 
q, r. 2 ^d. sk. Andoa, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

15. Pteroglossus inscriptus. 
Pteioglossub inscriptus, Swains. Zool. III. ser. 1, ii. pi. 90 ; Wagl, 8yst. 
Av. sp. 5; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 77; id. Mon. Mamph. ed. 1, 
pi. 23, ed. 2, pi. 23 ; Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt, iii. pi. 9$ Cassin, Pr. 
Ac. So. Phil 1867, p. 112; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 236 ; Scl. et Salv. 

P. Z. S.1867, p. 586 (L. Amazons) ; iid. Nomeml. p. 109 ; Layard, 
Ibis, 1873, p. 393 (Para); Salv. Ibis, 1886, p. 65 (Brit. Guiana). 
Above dark green; head black; rump scarlet: beneath pale 
yellow; throat and neck black; thighs brown; bill clearly ochraceous 
; culminal ridge, tip, line at base, and row of spots along 
cutting-edge of upper mandible black: w hole length 12 inches, 
wing 4-3, tail 4*7, bill from gape 2*7. Female similar, but throat 
and neck brown. 

Hob. Guiana and Lower Amazonia. 

Easily distinguished from P. humboldti by its smaller size and the 
clear pale ochraceous colour of the middle part of the lower mandible. 

a. 5 ad. sk. Cayenne. 
Gould Coll. 
b. ? ad. sk. Para ( Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
tf. PTMitoiiLoasus. 
L47 

<: ? ad. bk.
^ 2 acl.sk. 
Para (Lttyard). 
Para. 
Sclalor ('oil 
Gould Ooll, 
e. (Sad.; /,//. Jad. sk. 
Lower Amazons. Gould Ooli. 

16. Pteroglossus viridis. 
Ramphastos viridis, Linn. S. N. i. p. 150; 8kaw, Nat. Misc. pi. 717. 
Pteroglossus viridis, Sw. Zool. III. ser. 1, iii.pl. 161); Wayl. tyst. Ao. 

et 
Salv. Nomencl. p. 101); Pelz. Ibis, 1873, p. 116; Salv. Ibis, 1886, 

p. 65 (Brit. Guiana). 
L'Aracari verd, Levaill Ois. de Par. ii. pp. 41, 43, pis. 16, 17, 
Rhampkastos glaber, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 138. 
Above dark green; head black; rump scarlet: beneath pale 
yellow; throat and neck black • upper mandible orange-yellow, 
with a longitudinal black line; lower mandible black, with a rod 
basal line: whole length 12*5 inches, wing 4*7, tail 4*7, bill from 
gape 3. Female similar, but whole head, throat, and neck chestnut-
brown. 

Ilab. Guiana and Lower Amazonia. 

a, b. <$ $ ad. sk. British Guiana. R. Geogr. Soc. [P.]. 

c. ($ ad. sk. Camacusa, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitehj). 
d, e. $ ad. sk. Bartica Grove, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitehj). 

f. 
J ad.; ff, h. $ British Guiana (Wliitely). Gould Ooll. 
ad. sk. 
i. tf ad. sk. British Guiana. Sclater Coll. 
kj I (S ? ad. sk. Demerara. Gould Coll. 
m. c^ad.sk. Maroni R., Surinam (Kappler). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
w. J ad. sk. Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
o,p. $ ad. sk. Cayenne. Gould Ooll. 
q. 
(S ad. sk. Barra do Rio Negro (Natterer). Salvin-Godman Ooll. 
r. c? ad. sk. Lower Amazons. Purchased. 
17. Pteroglossus didymus. (Plate YI.) 
Pteroglossus didymus, Scl P.Z. S. 1890, p. 403. 

Above dark green; wings and tail blackish, with green edgings ; 
rump scarlet; head black : beneath pale lemon-yellow, with a slight 
brownish wash on the middle of the belly; throat and sides of head 
black: thighs brown; upper mandible straw-yellow, with a black 
culminal band and black tip; lower mandible black, with a narrow 
yellowish border at the base : whole length 14*5 inches, wing 4*6, 
tail 5-6, bill (from gapeto tip) 3-3. 
Hab. Upper Amazonia. 

L2 

 RHiMPHASriMl. 

Similar to P. viridis, but distinguished by the black culminal 
stripe and brown thighs. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Upper Amazons. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
18. Pteroglossus beauharnaisi. 
Pteroglos>us beaukarnaisi, 
Wagl. Ids, 1882, p. 280; Sturm, Mon. 
Bamph. pt. iv. pi. 2 ; Gould, Mon. Bamph. ed. 2, pi. xxv.; Peh. Orn. 
Ui as. p. -JoS; Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 207 (U. Amazon*) ; Cassin, Pi\ 
Ac. Sc. Phil 18G7, p. 114; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 297 (E. 
Peru) ; iid. NomencL p. 109; Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 152; Berl 

J.f.O. 1889, p. 312. 
Pteroglobsus uloconms, Gould, P. Z. S. 1838, p. 38, et 1834, p. 70; 
id. Mon. Bamph. ed. 1, pi. 18. 
Pteroglossus poeppigii, Wagl Isis, 1832, p. 1230. 
Pteroglossus lepidocephalus, Nitzsch, Pteryloc/r. p. 130 (1840). 

Above dark green; upper back and rump edged with crimson ; 
head-feathers scaly, curled, shining black : beneath yellow; throat-
feathers tipped with round black spots ; broad band across belly and 
flanks scarlet; breast more or less stained with scarlet; thighs 
green; upper mandible blackish, with a broad culminal band of 
brownish orange; lower mandible white : whole length 17 inches, 
wing 5*5, tail 6*5, bill from gape 4. Female similar. 

Eab. Upper Amazonia. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Chamicuros, Upper Amazons Gould Coll. 
(Bartlett). 
b. <$ ad. sk. Upper Amazons (Bartlett). 
Sclater Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons (Bartlett). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. e. Ad.: f. Jr. Upper Amazons (Hauxwell). Gould Coll. 
sk. 
g. Jr. sk. Upper Amazons. Purchased. 
L Ad. sk. Upper Amazons. Purchased. 
4. SELENIDERA. 
.type, 

foelerridera, Gould, Icon. Av. pt. 1, text to pi. 7 (1837).. S. gouldi. 

Pipemorus, Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 4 (1854) S. piperivora. 

Itampha&toides, Cassi?i, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil 1867, p. 117. fc>. bpectabilis. 
In Selenidera, a group closely allied to Pteroglossus, but weaker 
in form, the sexes are always markedly different. The species, 
which present a great similarity in the general coloration of their 
plumage, are readily distinguishable by the singular patterns of 
the markings on their bills. 
One species only of Selenidera is met with north of Panama; the 
other six are restricted to the forests of Guiana, Amazonia, and 

S.E. Brazil. 
4 . SELENIDEHA. 
140 

Key to the Species. 

A. 
Tail-end rufous ; body beneath black in the 
male. 
a. 
Cap of male black, of female chestnut; 
nuchal band yellow in both sexes. 
a'. Bill pale, whitish: 
/'•upper mandible with transverse 
3 Bars 1. maculirostris, p. 149. 
1 upper mandible with a large black 
V blotch 2. r/ouldi, p. 150. 

//. Bill wholly dark 
3. langsdorffi, p. 150. 

c'. Bill more or less reddish : 
i without black transverse bars ... . 4. reinwardti, p. 151. 
I with black transverse bars 5. naitereri, p. 151. 

b. Cap black in both sexes; nuchal band of 
male orange, of female chestnut 6. piperivora, p. 152. 
B. 
Tail uniform; body beneath black in both 
sexes 7. spectabilis, p. 153. 
1. Seleni&era maculirostris. 
Pteroglossus maculirostris, LieM. Douhl. p. 7; Max. Beitr. iv. 
p. 290; Wagl Syst. Av. sp. 9; Gould, P.Z.S. 1834, p. 78; id. 
Mon. JRampk ed. 1, pi. 24; Sturm, Hon. JRamph. pt. i. pi. 7. 
Itamphastos maculatus, Vieill. Gal Ois. ii. SuppL (cum fig.); Jard. 
et ISelb. Ml Orn. i. pi. 2(1 
Selenidera maculirostris, Bp. Consp. i. p. 95 ; Gould, Mon. Bamph. 
ed. 2, pi. 31; Scl. Cat. A. B. p. 327; Cassia, Pr. Ac. So. Phil 
1867, p. 115; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 238; Berl. J. f. 0. 1873, p. 279 
(S. Brazil); Scl. et Salv. Nomencl p. 109; Cab. J. f. O, 1874, 

p. 228 (S. Brazil). 
L'Aracari Koulik du Br^&il, Levaill Ois. de Par. ii. p. 39, pi. 15 (<$), 
L'Aracari, Koulik du Perou, Levaill Prom, et Guep. Suppl. p. 4.1, 
fig. A A (?). 

Pteroglossus maculatus, Jard. et Sethi/ III Orn. i. pi. 26. 

Above dark green; cap black, bordered by a pale yellow band 
on the nape; tail-end chestnut; broad postoeular stripe orange: 
beneath from chin to middle of belly black; lower belly greenish; 
flanks orange; thighs brown; cris&um scarlet; bill milky white, 
with several broad transverse blotches on the upper mandible: 
whole length 13 inches, wing 5*2, tail 4-5, bill from gape 2-5. 
Female similar, but cap and body beneath chestnut instead of 
black. 

Hah. South-eastern Brazil. 

a. cS ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Gould Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Lt. Maw, RN. [P.l. 
c. d. (S ad.; e,f. Novo Fribourgo, Rio (Youds). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
§ ad.sk. 
g, h. d $ ad. sk. Sao Paolo, Brazil (Joyner). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
*, *. 6 S ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
I, m. J $ ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n, o. S ad.; p. $ S.E. Brazil. Gould Poll. 

jr.; qs. $ 
ad. sk. 


RHIMPHASTIDJE. 

2. Seleiiidera gouldi. 
Pteroglossus gouldii, 
Natt. MS.; Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 44; id. 
Icon. Av. pt. i. pi. 7; Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt. i. pi. 8. 
Selenidera gouldii, Bp. Consp. i. p. 95 ; Gould, Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, 
pi. 32; Scl Cat. A. B. p. 327; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Se. Phil. 1867, 

p. 116 ; Pek. Orn. Bras. p. 238; Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 586 
(Para); iid. Nomencl. p. 109 j Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 393 (Para); 
Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 156. 
Above dark green ; cap black, bordered by a pale yellow nuchal 
band; tail-end chestnut; broad postocular stripe orange, tipped 
with yellow : beneath, from chin to middle of belly, black ; lower 
belly greenish ; flanks orange ; thighs chestnut; crissum scarlet; 
bill milky white, with a large black blotch occupying the basal 
half of the upper mandible: whole length 13 inches, wing 5-2, 
tail 4*5, bill from gape 2-5. Female similar, but black on head 
and body; beneath replaced by bright rufous. 

Hal. Lower Amazonia. 

This species is a close ally of S. macuh'rostris, bat at once 
distinguishable by the large black blotch which occupies the basal 
portion of the upper mandible. 

a. cS ad. sk. Lower Amazons. Zool. Soc. Coll. 
b. <$ ad. sk. Para (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
c. (S ad. sk.
d. S ad. sk.
e,f. <J 2 ad- sk. 
Para (Wallace). 
Para (Layard). 
Lower Amazons. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
g. J ad. sk. Lower Amazons. Sclater Coll. 
h. J ad. sk. Lower Amazons. Purchased. 

3. Selenidera langsdorfli. 
Pteroglossus langsdorfli, Wagl Syst. Av. sp. 12; Gould, Mon. 
JRamph. eL 1, pi. 28; id. P. Z. S. 1835, p. 157; Sturm, Mon. 
Ramph. pt. ii. pi. 6. 

Selenidera lang&doiffi, 
Bp. Consp, i. p. 93; Gould, Mon. Ramph. 
ed. 2, pi. 33 ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 267 (U. Amazons) ; Scl et Salv. 

P. Z. S. 1866, p. 195 (Ucayali), et 1873, p. 298 (E. Peru); iid. 
Nomencl p. 109; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil 1867, p. 116; Tacz. 
Om. Per. iii. p. 154; Berl J.f. 0. 1889, p. 312. 
Above dark green; top of head black, bordered by a pale yellow 
nuchal collar; tail-end chestnut; sides of head behind eyes 
yellow: beneath from chin to middle of belly black; flanks 
orange; lower belly greenish; thighs chestnut; crissum scarlet; 
bill black; base of upper mandible greenish: whole length 13 
inches, wing 5*2, tail 4*5, bill from gape 2*7. Female similar, but 
black of head and body beneath replaced by chestnut-red. 

Hah. Upper Amazonia. 
The nearly uniform bill distinguishes this species. 


a 
<$ ad. at. Ega, Upper Amazons. Purchased. 

4 . SELENTDERA. 
15 1 
b. $ ad. sk. Chamicuros, Upper Amazons(Bartlett). 
Gould Coll. 
c. $ ad. sk. Chamicuros, Upper Amazons(Bartlett). 
Sclater Coll. 
d. e. $ $ ad. sk.
f. $ ad. sk.
</, h. S $ ad. sk.
i $ ad. sk. 
Ega, Upper Amazons (Bates). 
Peruvian Amazons (Bartlett). 
E. Peru. 
Upper Amazons. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Purchased. 

4. Selenidera reinwardti. 
Pteroglossus reinwardtii, Wag I. Syst. Ai\ sp. 11; Gould, P. Z. S. 
1835, p. 157; id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 1, pi. 26; Sturm, Mon. 
Ramph. pt. i. pi. 10. 

Selenidera reinwardtii, 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 95; Gould, Mon. Ramph. 
ed. 2, pi. 35; Sclater, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 75 (Ecuador); id. Cat. 

A. B. p. 827 ; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 110; Sol. et Sali\ 
P. Z. S. 1867, p. 753, et 1873, p. 298 (E. Peru); ad. Nomencl 
p. 109; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 548 (C. Peru), et 1882, p. 45 
(N.E. Peru); id. Orn. Per. iii. p. 153. 
Above dark green; kead and nape black, bordered by a palo 
yellow nuchal collar; postocular stripe orange; tail-end chestnut 
: beneath black; middle of belly greenish; flanks orange; 
thighs chestnut; crissum scarlet; bill reddish, culminal ridge and 
tip blackish: whole length 13 inches, wing 5, tail 4*5, bill from 
gape 2*7. Female similar, but black of head and body beneath 
replaced by chestnut. 

Hah, Upper Amazonia and Eastern Ecuador. 
The reddish bill without black transverse markings is the chief 
character of this species. 

a. Ad. sk. E. Peru. 
Purchased. 
b. $ ad. sk. Ckayavetas, E. Peru (Bart- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lett). 
c,d. (S S ad. sk. E. Peru. Gould Coll. 
e,f. c? $ ad. sk. Upper Amazons, Gould Coll. 
g,h. tf 2 ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i. <$ ad. sk. Bio Napo. 
Sclater Coll. 
5. Selenidera nattereri 
Pteroglossus 
nattereri, Gould, P. Z. S. 1835, j>. 157; id. Mon. 
Humph, ed. 1, pi. 25 ; Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt. i. pi. 9. 
Selenidera nattereri, Bp. Consp. i. p. 95 ; Gould, Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, 
pi. 34; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 238; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, 

p. 117; Sol et Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 58G (Rio Negro); iid. 
Nomencl. p. 109; Salv. Ibis, 1886, p. 66 (Brit. Guiana). 
Above green ; head and nape black, bordered beneath by a 
narrow nuchal collar of pale yellow; tail-end chestnut; postocular 
stripe yellow : beneath, down to middle of belly, black; lower belly 
greenish; flanks orange; thighs chestnut: crissum scarlet; bill 
reddish : blotch at base and numerous transverse stripes black: 

KHAMPHASTID^E. 

whole length 12-5 inches, wing 5, tail 4*5, hill from^gape 2*3. 

Female similar, but head and body beneath chestnut instead of 
black. 

Hah. British Guiana and Lower Amazonia. 
The markings on the bill distinguish this species from S. reinwardti. 


a. 2 ad. sk. Lower Amazons. Purchased. 
b, c. S $ ad. sk. Brit. Guiana (Schomburgk). Gould Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Oyapok, Cayenne. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. <$ ad. sk. Oyapok, Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
6. Selenidera piperivora. 
Ramphastos piperivorus, Ltnn. S. N. i. p. 150; Gin. S. JST. i. p. 853; 
Lath. Ind, Qm. i. p. 138. 
Pteroglossus culik, Wagl. Sijst AD. sp. 10; Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, 

p. 78; id, 3fon. Pamph. ed. 1, pi. 27. 
Pteroglossus piperivorus, Sturm, Mon. JRamph. pt. iv. pi. 5. 
Selenidera piperivora, Bp. Consp. i. p. 95; Gould, Jfon. Ramph. 
ed. 2, pi. 36; ScL Cat. A. B. p. 327; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sa. Phil. 
1807, p. 117; Pek. Orn. Bras. p. 239; Scl. et Sate. Xomencl. 

p. 109; Sato. Ibis, 1886, p. <>G (Brit. Guiana). 
Toucan a collier de Cayenne, Daub. PL Enh 577 (<5 ). 
Toucan a ventre gris de Cayenne, Daub. PL Enh 729 ( 9.). 
L'Aracari Koulik, Levcdll. bis. de Par. pp. 35,37, pis. 13,14. 
Above dark green: cap and nape black, bordered by a yellow 
nuchal band; tail-end chestnut; stripe behind eye yellow : beneath 
from chin to middle of belly black; lower belly and flanks green 
washed with yellow; thighs chestnut; erissum scarlet; bill mostly 
black with a reddish base, which is more or less varied by transverse 
black markings on the upper mandible: whole length 13 
inches, wing 4-8, tail 4*2, bill from gape 3. Female similar, but 
black of cap bordered by a broad nuchal collar of dark chestnut, 
and body beneath greyish green instead of black. 

Hah. Guiana and Lower Amazonia. 

a. $ ad. sk. British Guiana. R. GeogT. Soc. 
b. $ ad. sk. South America. Gould Coll. 
c,d. S 
$ ad.sk. Bartica Grove, British Giuana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitelij). 

e. S 
$ ad. sk. R. Atapurow, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
( WHtekj). 
f. 
§ ad. sk. Camacusa, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Wldtely). 
g. $ ad. sk. Denierara. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. c? ad. sk. Denierara. Gould OolL 
i, k. $ J ad. sk. Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
/, m. <$ $ ad. sk. R. Amazons (?), Gould Coll. 
5 . AXTLACOETTABrPnirS. 
153 

7. Selenidera spectabilis. 
Selenidera 
spectabilis, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1857, p. 214, ot 
1867, p. 117; id. Jour. Ac. Sc. Phil. iv. ser. 2, p. 1, pi. 1 ; Lawr. 
Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 474 (Colombia), et ix. p. 120 (Costa 
Rica) ; Scl. et Sah. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 366 (Panama); iid. Nomencl. 

p. 109; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 157, et 1870, p. 211 (Veragua); 
id. Ibis, 1872, pp. 313, 323 (Nicaragua); Frantz. J.f. 0. 1869, 
p. 362 (Costa Rica); Bouc. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 47 (Costa Rica). 
Above green, tail greyish; head and nape black; large post


ocular stripe lemon-yellow: beneath from chin to middle of belly 

black; flanks orange: thighs dark chestnut; crissum scarlet; 

bill divided by a 
line from the nostrils running into the com


missure towards the apex; colour beneath this line horny grey, 

above it greenish : whole length 14 inches, wing 5-5, tail 5%5, bill 

from gape 3*5. Female similar, but head dark chestnut, and without 

any yellow postocular stripe : body beneath black, as in the male. 

Ilab. Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Veragua. 

a,b. (S $ ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua (Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. $ 
ad. sk. Tucurriqui, Costa Rica Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Arci). 
d,e. S $ ad. sk. Cordillera de Tole" {Arci). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
fj9* <S S ad. sk. Veragua (Arce). Selater Coll. 

h. tf ad. sk. Veragua {Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i, k. S ? ad. sk. Santa Fe, Veragua {Aire). Gould Coll. 
5. AULAGORHAMPHUS. 
Type. 
Aulacorhynchus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1834, p. 147 A. sulcata. 
Aulacoramphus, G. R. Gray, List Gen. B. p. 50 

(1840) ' A. sulcata. 
Ramphoxanthus, Bjp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 4 (1854) .. A. albivittatus. 
The bright green Toucans which form the genus AulacorhampMis 
are at once recognizable by their uniform style of plumage, which 
imitates that of the forest-leaves. They are rather numerous in 
species and are widely distributed in the Neotropical Region, two 
of them being met with in Mexico, and others taking their places 
throughout Central and Southern America into the south of 
Amazonia, but not extending to the forests of S.E. Brazil. 
The sexes in this genus are coloured alike. 

Key to the Species. 

A. Throat white or whitish. 
a. Tail uniform green. 
a'. Tip of bill obscure : 
i lower mandible black at base 1. sulcatm, p. 154. 
1 lower mandible red at base 2. erythrognathus, p. 154. 

V. Tip of bill bright yellow 3. calorhynclius, p. 155, 
EHA.MPHASITB2E. 

154 

b. Tail tipped with chestnut. 
c'. Kuxnp uniform. 
a". Crissum green: 
( culmen black 4. derlianm, p. 155. 
( culmen red 5. zuMtelgamis, p. 156. 

b". Crissum rufous. 
a"'. Basal band of bill yellow: 
" base of upper mandible partly 
yellow 6. prasinus, p. 156. 
base of upper mandible black 7. wagleri, p. 157. 
b'". Basal band of bill white 8. albivittatus, p. 157. 

d'. Rump scarlet; crissum green: 
) bill red with a white basal band . 9. hamcttopygius, p. 158. 
) bill grey with a white tip 10. ccendeicinctus. p. 159. 

B. 
Throat blue ;" crissum chestnut: 
j upper mandible mostly yellow 11. ccervleigidarv*. p. 159. 
) upper mandible black with yellow tip. 12. ryanolmnns, p. 160. 
C. Throat black ; crissum chestnut: 
i bill longer 13. atrogidaris, p. 160. 
(bill shorter 14 dimidiatus, p. ICO. 
1. Anlacorhamplms siilcatus. 
Pteroglossus suleatus, Sw. Quart. Journ. of Sci. ix. p. 267 ; id. Zoo!. 
HI. ser. 1, i. pi. 44; Wagl. Syst. Av. sp. 8; Temm. Pi. Col. 356; 
Goidd, Mon. Mcmpli. ed. 1, pi. 31; id. P. Z. &\ 18U, p. 79 ; Sturm, 
Mon. Hamph. pt. iv. pi. 6. 

Aulacoramphus suleatus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 95; Gould, Mon. Ramph. 
ed. 2, pi. 42; Scl. Cat. A. B. p. 328; Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, 
pp. 169, 629 (Venezuela); iid. Nomencl. p. 109; Cassin, Pr. Ac. 
So. Phil. 1867, p. 118. 

Above uniform green; eye-region blue : beneath brighter ; throat 
greyish white; tip of tail bluisb; bill, much suleated on both 
mandibles, black; basal portion of upper mandible red: whole 
length 14 inches, wing 5, tail 4*8, bill 3. Female similar. 

Hab. Venezuela. 

a. Ad. st 
b. S ad. sk. 
c. Ad. sk. 
d. e. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
San Esteban, Venezuela 
(Goering). 
Venezuela (Goering). 
Venezuela. 
Purchased. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
f-L Ad. sk. 
V. Ad. sk. 
Venezuela. 
Venezuela, 
Gould Coll. 
Mrs. Fletcher "P."1 . 

2. Aulacorhamphns erythrognathns. (Plate VII.) 
Aulacorhamphus erythrognathus, Gould, Ami. K. H. ser. 4, X1T. 
p. 184 (Venezuela). 
Above uniform green; eye-region blue: beneath brighter; 
throat greyish white; tip of tail slightly bluish; bill suleated, 
horn-colour; base of lower mandible and of lower portion of upper 
mandible bright red: -whole length 12 inches, wing 4*5, tail 4*3, 
bill from gape 2-5. 

5 . ATTLACOETTAMPHTTS. 
155 

Rah. Venezuela* 

Similar to A. sulcatus, but apparently smaller, and distinguished 
by the bright red base of the bill. 

a. Ad. sk. Venezuela. Gould Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. <$ ad. sk. Caripe, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godruan Coll. 
3. Aulacorhamphus calorhynchus. (Plate VIII.) 
Aulacorhainphus calorkynchus, Gould, Ann. N. II. ser. 4, xiv. 
p. 183 (Merida) ; ScL et Sale. P. Z. S. 1875, pp. 235, 236 (Venezuela) 
; Salv. et Godm. Ibis, 1879, p. 200 (Colombia). 
Above green ; eye-region blue: beneath brighter ; throat bluish 
grey; bill black, eulminal portion of upper mandible and tip of 
lower mandible clear yellow; narrow line at the base of both 
mandibles white: whole length 14 inches, wing 5, tail 4*8, bill 
from gape 2-8. 

Hob. Andes of Venezuela and Northern Colombia. 
The strongly coloured bill distinguishes this species from the 
two former. 

a. 
<$ ad.; b. Merida, Venezuela (Goering). Gould Coll. 
ad. sk. (Types °f the species.) 
o. c? ad. sk. Ohinchicua, Santa Marta Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Simons), 
4. Aulacorhamplras derbiaxras. 
Aulacorhynchus derbianus, Gould, P. Z. S.1835, p. 49. 
Pteroglossus derbianus, Gould, Mo7i. Ilmnph. ed. 1, pi. 82; Sturm, 
Man. JRamph. pt. ii. pi. 9. 

Aulacoramphus derbianus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 96; Gould, Mon. Ramph. 
ed. 2, pi. 43; ScL Cat A. D. p. 328; Cassin, Tr. Ac. So. Phil. 
1867, p. 118; Scl et Said. Nomencl. p. 109; iid. P. Z. S. 1879, 

p. 634 (Bolivia); Perl, et Tacz. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 116 (Ecuador); 
Tacz. Orn. Per: iii. p. 158 ; Berl. J.f. 0. 1889, p. 313. 
Above green; eye-region and nape washed with blue; tips of 
two middle tail-feathers chestnut: beneath brighter; throat greyish 
white; bill blackish; base of both mandibles and tip of upper 
mandible more or less bright red : whole length 13 inches, wing 5, 
tail 4*8, bill from gape 3. Female similar. 

Hah. Andes of Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
d. Ad.sk. Nairapi, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Jima, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Archidona, Ecuador (Jameson). Sclater Coll. 
EHAMPHASTTD2E. 

5. Anlacorliamplnis whitelyairas. (Plate IX.) 
Pteroglossus sulcatus, Cab. in Sehomb. Guian. hi. p. 721 (?). 
Aulacorhampkus whitelyanus, Salv. et Godm. Ibis, 3 882, p. S3; Salv. 
Ibis, 1886, p. 66 (Brit. Guiana). 

Above green; eye-region "bluish; tips of two middle rectrices 

chestnut: beneath 
brighter green ; throat whitish; bill blackish ; 

greater part of culmen, tip, and base of lower mandible red : whole 

length 12 inches, wing 4*8, tail 4-4, bill from gape 2-5. 

Hab. Eoraima district of British Guiana. 

Similar to A. derbianus, but rather smaller and distinguished by 

its red cnlmeu, and the absenee of the bluish nuchal patch. 

a. $ ad.; b, Roraima, Brit. Guiana 
Salvin-G< di^anColl. 
c. $ ad. sk. (Whitely). 
d. <3 ad . fek. Eoraima (Whitely). 
Selater Coll. 
e. $ 
ad. sk. Meraine Mts. (Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Type of the specie^.) 
6. Aulacorhamphus prasinns. 
Pteroglossus prasinns, lAclit. in Mus. Berol.; Govld, P. Z. S. 1834, 
p. 78; id. Mm. liamph. ed. 1, pi. 21); Sturm, Man. Hamph. 
pt. i. pi 6. 
Aulacoramphus prasinu.% Bp. Cony. i. p. 98 : Gould, Mon. Hampli. 
ed. 2, pi. 47 ; Selater, P. Z. S. 1^56, p. 308, et 1859, p. 3G8 (Mexico); 
id. Cat. A. B. p. 328; Sclat. et Salv. Ibis, 1839, p. 13o: iid. P. Z. S. 
1870, p. 837 (Honduras); iid. Komencl. p. 109; Cassin, P/\ Ac. Sc. 
Phil. 1867, p. 120; Mdyiv. P. U. S.X.M. ix. p. 103 (Mexico). 

Above green; tail tinged with bluish, and all the tail-feathers 
broadly tipped with dark chestnut: beneath brighter; flanks slightly 
yellowish ; throat white ; crissum chestnut: upper mandible clear 
yellow ; blotch at the base of the culmen and narrow line along the 
commissure black or brownish black; lower mandible black: whole 
length 14 inches, wing 5-2, tail 5'2, bill from gape 8. Female 
similar. 

Hab. Southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. 

a. $ ad.; b. Cofre de Perote, Vera Cruz, 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
jr. sk. Mexico. 
c-e. $ ad sk. Jalapa, Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/; g. S jr.; Coatepec, Vera Cruz {Ferrari- Salvin-Godman Coll. 

h. J jr. sk. Berez). 
i. 
J jr. sk. Huatusco, Vera Cruz (Ferrari- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Berez). 
% Z> <$ Q ad. sk. Orizaba, Vera Cruz (Ferrari- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Berez). 
m, n. S ad.; Tonaguia, Oaxaca (Trujilld). Salvin-Godman Ooll. 

o. $ ad. sk. 
p. $ ad. sk. British Honduras (Blanca- 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
neaux). 
q, r. Ad. sk. Mexico. Purchased. 

s. Ad. sk. Orizaba, Mexico. Gould Coll. 
t Ad. sk. Jalapa, Mexico (de Oca). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 . ATTLACORHAMPHUS. 157 
u, v. Ad. sk. Mexico. Gould Coll. 
w. Ad. sk. Mexico. Purchased. 
x. Ad. sk. British Honduras {MamaSalviii-
Godman Coll 
y. 5 ad. sk.
z. Ad. sk.
a', h'. 5 ad. sk.
cr . Ad. sk.
neaux). 
Coban, Vera Paz (Salvin). 
Easch<§, Guatemala {Salvin). 
Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala(Salvin). 
Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
d'. J ad. sk.
<*',/'. Ad. sk.
g'. Ad. sk.
(Salvin). 
Calderas, Guatemala {Salvin). 
Guatemala. 
Guatemala. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

7. Aiilacorliamplius wagleri. 
Pterogiossus wagleri, Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt. ii. pi. 7. 
Aulacorliamplius wagleri, Gould, Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, pi. xlvin.; 
Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 120; Scl. P. Z.S. 1851), p. 388 

(S. Mexico); Scl. et Salv. Nomencl. p. 109. 
Pterogiossus pavoninus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1835, p. 158; id. Mon. Ramph. 
ed. 1, pi. 30 (err.) ; Wm^lriswr^md-^rmtt* 
Aulacorliamplius pavoninus, Salv. et Godm. Ibis, 1889, p. 240 
(Mexico). 

Similar to A. prasinus, but base of upper mandible wholly black. 
Hob. Western Mexico. 

a. S ad. sk. Saeatepec, Mexico (Boucard). Gould Coll. 
b. J ad. sk. Onhlteme, Guerrero, Mexico Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Mrs. M. H. Smith). 
8. Aulacorkamplras albivittatiis. 
Pterogiossus albivitta, Boiss. Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 70; Sturm, Mon. 

Ramph. pt. ii. text to pi. 8. 
Pterogiossus microrhynchus, Sturm, Mon. Ramph. pt. ii. pi. 8. 
Aulacoramphus albivitta, Bp. Consp. i. p. 9G; Gould, Mon. 

Ranvph. ed. 2, pi. 49; Sol. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 161; Scl. et Salv. 

P. Z. S. 1870, p. 782 (Venezuela), et 1879, p. 537 (Antioquia); kd. 
Nomencl. p. 109; Wyatb, Ibis, 1871, p. 380 (Colombia); Salv. et 
Godm. Ibis, 1879, p. 206 (Colombia); Berl. J.f.O. 1884, p. 319 
(Bucaramanga). 
Aulacorliamplius albivittatus, Scl. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 75 (Ecuador); id. 
Cat. A. B. p. 328 ; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 120. 
Aulacorliamplius phseolfemus, Gould, Ann. N. S. ser. 4, xiv. p. 184 
(Colombia and Venezuela). 
Above green; eye-region bluish; tail tinged with blue, all the 
rectrices more or less broadly tipped with chestnut: beneath brighter 
green; throat greyish white; crissum chestnut; bill black, culmen 
yellow, distinct line along the base of both mandibles white : whole 
length 13 inches, wing 5, tail 5, bill 3. Female similar. 
Hob. Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador. 
The distinct white line at the base of the bill renders this Toucan 
easily distinguishable among the green-rumped species. 

RHAMPHASTLDJS. 

a. Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
h,c. <$ $ ad.sk. Merida, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela {Goering). Sclater Coll. 
e. (S ad. sk. Sierra Nevada of Venezuela Gould Coll. 
(Goering). (Type of A.pliceokemiih.) 
f. 
Ad. sk. Venezuela. "Sclater Coll. 
g. h. <$ J ad. sk. Ohinchichua, Santa Marta SalYin-Godrnan Coll. 
(Simons), 
i. Ad. sk. Santa Marta, U. S. C. (Simons). Sclater Coll. 
k-o. 
Ad. sk.; p. Bogota. Gould Coll. 
jr. sk. 


q. Ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
r, s. Ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
t. <$ ad. sk. Concordia. Antioquia (Salmon). Gould Coll. 
u. Ad.sk. Envigado, Antioquia (Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o. Ad. sk. Envis*ado? Antioquia (Salmon). Sekter Coll. 
w, x. Ad. sk. Antioquia (Salmon). Gould Coll. 
y, z. Ad. sk. Intac, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Ecuador. ' Gould Coll. 
V. Ad. sk. S. America. 
Gould Coll. 
9. Aulacorhamplius hsematopygius. 
Pteroglo&sus hseniatopygus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1884, p. 147; id. Hon. 
Mamph. eel. 1, pi. S3; Sturm, Mon. Mamph. pt. ii. pi. 10. 

Aulacoranipkus hsematopygius, Bp. Consp. i. p. 06; Gould, Mon. 
Mamph. eel. 2, pi. 45; Scl. P. Z. S. 18-59, p. 140 (Ecuador); id. 
Cat. A. B. p. 328 ; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1S67, p. 119 ; Scl et 
Salv. Nomencl. p. 109 ; iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 537 (Antioquia); 
Berl. et Toes. P. Zr S. 1884, p. 308 (W. Ecuador) • Tacz. Orn. 
Per. iii. p. 161. 

Aulacorhamplius sex-notatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1868, p. 210. 
Pteroglossus (Aulacorhamplius) castaneorhynchus. Gould, Ann. J\\ 

H. vol. ix. p. 238 (1842). 
Aulacorhamplius 
castaneorhynehus, Gould, Mon. Mamph. ed, 2, 
pi. 44; Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 119. 

Above green; superciliaries and patch beneath the eye slightly 
bluish; rump-band crimson; tail tinged with blue, four middle 
rectrices broadly tipped with chestnut: beneath brighter green, 
sometimes bluish on the chest; bill red, stained with blackish, and 
with a distinct white basal band : whole length (large specimen) 15 
inches, wing 5-5, tail 6, bill from gape 4*3; (small specimen) 13 
inches, wing 4-5, tail 5, bill from gape 2*5. Female similar. 

Hah. Colombia and Ecuador. 

There is an enormous difference in size between the larger and 
smaller examples of this species, especially as regards the bill. But 
I do not see how the so-called A. castaneorhynehus from Bogota 
can be separated from A. hcematopyyius. Cassin was of the same 
opinion (cf. Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 119). 

a. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. Purchased. 
b. Ad.; c. Jr. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater CoU. 
f-i. 
Ad. ; k, I. Bogota. Gould Coll. 
Jr. sk. 

5. AULAC0RHAMPUU8. 
159 

m. J ad. sk. Concordia, Ant. (Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. Ad. sk.
o. Ad. sk.
p. Ad. sk.
q. Ad. sk.
r. Ad. sk.
s~-v. Ad. sk.
w. Ad. sk.
x. Ad. sk.
y. Ad. sk.
z, a'. Ad. sk.
V. Ad. sk. 
Concordia; Aut. (Salmon). 
Medellin, Ant. (Salmon). 
Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). 
Pallatanga, Ecuador (Fraser). 
Quito, Ecuador. 
Quito, Ecuador. 
Jinia, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Ecuador (Buckley). 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Peru. 
Peru (?). 
Sclater Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Gould Coll. (Type 
of A. sex-notatus.) 

10. Aulacorhamphus caernleickctixs. 
Aulacorkynchus caeruleocinctus, cPOrb. Voy., Ois. p. 38*2, t. hcvi. 
%. 2. 

Aulaeoranipkus cgeruleicinctus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 06; GoM, Mon. 
Ramph. eel. 2, pi. 46 ; Casein, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 119; Scl. 
et Salv. Nomencl. p. 109; iid. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 186 (Peru), et 
1879, p. 634 (Bolivia) ; Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 160. 

Pteroglossus licktensteini, Sturm, Mon. Ramph. (plate). 

Above green• eye-region bluish; rump-band crimson; tips of 
middle reotriees chestnut: beneath bright green, with a bluish band 
across the breast; throat white; bill grey, with whitish tip : whole 
length 16 inches, wing 5*8, tail 5-5, bill from gape 4*5. Female 
similar. 

Rah, Bolivia and Southern Peru. 

a. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Khapaguaia, Bolivia (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Boh via (?). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Huasanipilla, S. Peru Salvin-Godman Coll 
e. Ad. sk. (WhUely). 
Huasanipilla, S. Peru Sclater Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. (Whitely). 

8. Peru. 
Gould Coll. 
g-i. Ad.sk. 

11. Aulacorhamplnis caertdeignlaris. 
Aulacorhamphus 
caeruleigularis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1853, p. 45 (Veragua) 
j id. Mon. Ramph. ed. 2, pi. 51; Cab. J.f. 0. 1862, p. 330 
(Costa Rica); Cassin, Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 121; Salv. P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 157, et 1870, p. 211 (Veragua); Frantz. J.f.O. 1869, 

p. 362 (Costa Rica); Scl. et Salv. Nomencl. p. 110• Boucard, 
P. Z. S. 1878, p. 47 (Costa Rica). 
Above green; tail bluish, all the rectrices tipped with chestnut: 
beneath brighter; throat blue • crissurn chestnut; upper mandible 
yellow, with a black culminal patch and black stripe along the commissure 
; lower mandible black; a white basal line to both mandibles 
: whole length 13 inches, wing 4*8, tail 4-4, bill from gape 3. 
Female similar. 

Hob. Costa Rica and Yeragua. 

BHAMPHASTID2E. 

a. Ad. sk. San Jose, Costa Eica (Zele- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
don). 
b. Ad. sk. Costa Rica {Rogers). Sclater Coll. 
c-g. Ad. sk. Co^ta Rica. Gould Coll. 
h, i. Ad. sk. Costa Rica (Carmiol). Purchased. 
h. 5 ad. sk. Cakrvevora, Teragua (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I, m. S 2 ad. sk. Santa Fe, Veragua (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. $ ad. bk. Santa Fe, Veragua (ArcS). Sclater Coll. 
o. Ad. sk. Calobre, Veragua (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. 
Ad. sk. S. slope of Vole, of Ghiriqui Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Arce). 
q. $ ad. sk. Veragua (Arce). Purchased. 
12. Anlacorhanipliiis cyanolsemus. (Plate X.) 
Aulacorhaniphos 
cyanoleenms, Gould, P. Z. S. I860, p. 24; Cassia, 
Pr. Ac. Sc. Phil. 1867, p. 121; Scl. et Salv. Nomencl. p. 110. 

Similar to A. cceruleigidaris^ but bill black, with yellow tip to 
the upper mandible. 
Hab. Western Ecuador. 

fl, b. S 2 ad. sk. Loxa, Ecuador. Gould Coll. (l\peb 
of the specie-.) 

c. d. Ad. sk. San Lucas, Ecuador (Villa- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
gomez). 
e. Ad. sk. San Lucas, Ecuador (Villa- Sclater Coll. 
gomez). 
f. Ad. sk. Ecuador. 
Gould Coll. 
13. Aulacoriiamplius atrogularis. 
Pteroglossus atrogularis, Sturm, Mon. Pamph. (plate). 
Aulacorhamphus atrogularis, Gould, Mon, Pamph. ed. 2, pi. 50; 
Cassin, Pr. Ac. So. Phil. 1867, p. 121; Scl. et Salv. Nomencl. 

p. 110 ; Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 159. 
Above green; middle rectrices tipped with chestnut: beneath 
brighter; throat black; crissum dark chestnut; upper mandible 
yellow, with a black culminal patch and a black line along the commissure 
; lower mandible black; basal line to both mandibles white : 
whole length 13 inches, wing 5, tail 5, bill from gape 2-h. 

Hab. "Western Peru. 

a. Ad. sk. Western Peru (?). Gould Coll. 
14. Anlacorliamplitis dimidiatus. 
Aulacorhamphus dimidiatus, Pidgiv. P. U. S. N. M. ix. p. 08 (Venezuela). 


Similar to A. atrogularis, but bill much shorter, and black stripe 
along the edge of the maxilla much broader. 

Hab. Interior of Venezuela. 

Only known from two specimens in the "National Museum at 
Washington. 

GALBTJXIDJE. 161 

Family GALBULIDiE, 

(By P. L. SCLATEE.) 

The Gcdhulidce or Jacamars are a small but well-defined family of 
Secmsores or Zygodactylous Picarice, restricted to the Neotropical 
Eegion, over the northern portion of which they are thinly distributed, 
from Mexico to Southern Brazil. They do not occur in the 
Antillean Subregion. 

The Jacamars are readily separable from the three preceding 
families (the Indicator idee, Ccvpitonidce, and Rhamjphastidcej by their 
nude oil-gland and the presence of caeca in the intestines. Their 
nearest allies are the Puff-birds (Bucconidce), from which they may 
be distinguished by the long pointed bill, angular genys, the presence 
of an after-shaft on the feathers, and by haying a gular branch to 
the pectoral tract on the lower plumage. 

The Gcdhulidce are naturally divisible into two groups, of one of 
which Jacamerojps is the sole known representative, while the five 
other genera belong to the typical Galbulince. The six genera of 
Gcdhulidce may be diagnosed as follows;— 

Subfam. I. GALBULINM—Bill straight, 
lengthened, compressed, sharp ; nostrils 
rounded, naked, with a few covering 
bristles ; external rectrix either abnormally 
small or absent. 

A. Tail elongated, more or less graduated. 
a. Middle rectrices much elongated ... . 1. UBOG-ALBA, p. 102. 
h. Middle rectrices slightly elongated .. 2. GALBULA, p. 163. 
B. Tail short, squared. 
c. External rectrix absent: 
j hind toe present 3. BEACHYGALBA, p. 171. 
) hind toe absent 4. JACAMABALCYON,P.174. 
d. External rectrix present 5. GALBALCYRHYNCHUS, 
[p. 175. 
Subfam. II. JACAMBROPINJE.—BIVL in-
curved, widened at the base; nostrils 
with an internal membrane ; outer rectrix 
of medium size, not quite half as 
long as the central 6. JACAMEBOPS, p. 176. 

Little is yet known about the nesting-habits of this family, and 
I have never seen a Jacamar's egg. But Mr. Kirk has recorded 
that in Tobago Gf. ruflcccuda " builds in marl-banks like the Motmot/' 
and lays " pure white eggs, nearly circular " in shape; and 
Herr Euler states that Jacamarcdcyon tridactyla ie bores holes in 

VOL. XIX. M 

162 GALBULrDiH.. 

steep banks, no doubt for the purposes of iiidifieation.'5 Of Jammerops 
Schomburgk tells us the same story ; but Mr. Bartlett was 
informed by the Indians of Upper Amazonia that Jacamerops also^ 
nests in stumps of irees. It is probable that the other members of 
the group do not deviate from these practices. 

In preparing this Catalogue I have followed very closely the 
arrangement put forward in my ' Monograph' of the group published 
in 1882*. 

Subfamily 1. GALBULIN-3B. 

Type. 
Urogalba, Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 10 (18-54) IT. paradisea. 
Urocex, Cab. et Hein. Mtis. Hein. iv. p. 216 (1803).... U. paradisea. 

Urogalba contains only the Paradise Jacamar of Guiana and its 
Amazonian representative, U. amazonum. It is easily recognizable 
by the great elongation of the central rectrices. 

The sexes in Urogalha are coloured alike. 

Key to the JSpeeies, 

A. SmaJler: cap uniform dark brown 1. paradisea, p. 162. 
B. Larger: cap whity brown 2. amazonum, p. 163. 
1. "Urogalba paradisea. 
The Swallow-tailed Kingfisher, Edw. Nat. Hist. B. i. p. 10. 

Galbula longicauda, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 89. 

Aleedo paradisea, Linn. 8. N. i. p. Ifel j Gm. 8. N. i. p. 458. 

Le Jacamar a longue queue, Buff. Hist. Xat.} Ok. vii. p. 222; id. PL 

Enl. 271; And. et Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. Jac. p. 5, t. 3; Lemill. Ois. 
de Par. ii. p. 120, t. 52. 
Galbula paradisea, Lath. hid. Orn. i. p. 245; Vieill. JE?io. Meth. 

p. 1325 ; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 83 ; Cab. in 8cho?/ib. Guian. 
iii. p. 717; id, in Ersch u. Grub. Enc. sect. 1, lii. p. 309; Gray, 
List Fiss. B. M. p. 67; Bp. Consp. i. p. 153; Cass. Cat. Hale. 
p. 18 j Reichenb. Handb. p.te7; 8cl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 33 ; id. 
8yn. Galb. p. 8; Burm. 8yst. Ueb. ii. p. 302 ; Pelz. 8itz. Ah. Wien, 
xx. pp. 504, 517; id. Orn. Bras. p. 24. 
Paradise Jacamar, Lath. Gen. Hist. iv. p. 5. 
Urogalba paradisea, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13; 8al. P. Z, 8. 1855, 
p. 14 ; id.Cat. A. B. p. 207; id. Monogr. Jac. andPuff-bds, p. 1, pi. i. 
tig. 1; 8cl. et Salt). P. Z. S. 1867, p. 582 ; iid. Nommcl. p. 105 ; 
8alv. Ibis, 1886, p. 62 (Brit. Guiana) j W. L. Sclater, Ibis, 1887, 
p. 318 (Brit. Guiana). 
Urocex paradisea, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 217. 
* ' A Monograph of the Jacamars and Puff-birds, or families Galbidid® and 
Uuuohidce* By P. L. Sclater. London. Porter, 1882. 1vol. 4to. 
2 . GALBTOXA, 
Purplish black ; back, wings, and tail washed with bronzy 
green; cap, sides of the bead, and chin brownish; throat, under 
wing-coverts, inner margins of wing-feathers, and flanks white; 
bill and feet black: whole length 11-3 inches, wing 3-5, tail G'd, 
bill from gape 2-3. Female similar, bid; rather smaller. 
Bab. Gniana, Surinam, Cayenne, and Lower Amazonia. 

a, b. Ad. &k. 
c. Ad. sk. 
d7e. <Jad.;/.$ 
ad. sk. 
g. g ad. sk. 
h. S ad. sk. 
i. Ad. sk. 
Cayenne. 
Cayenne. 
Merume' Mts.; British Guiana 
(Whitely). 
Bartica Grove, British Guiana 
(Whitely). 
British Guiana (W. L. Sclater). 
Demerara. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Purchased. 
It. Ad. sk. British Guiana. Sclater Coll. 
Z. Ad. sk. Demerara. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m. Ad. sk. 
n. (S ad. sk. 
o. Ad. sk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
Pernambuco, Brazil (Craven). 
Barra do Rio Negro (Wallace). 
Yquitos, Peru. 
S. America. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll 
Purchased. 

2. Urogalba amazonum. 
Urogalba 
ainazonum, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 14; id. Ann. Nat. Hist. 
ser. 2, xvii. p. 71*, id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 5, pi. i. fig. 2; 
Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 582; ml Mmencl. p. 105; Tacz. 

P. Z. S. 1882, p. 43 (N.E. Peru). 
Urogalba paradisea, Scl P. Z. S. 1857, p. 262. 
Urogalba paradisea amazonum, Tacz. Orn. PSr. iii. p. 119. 
Similar to U. paradisea, but rather larger and cap whity brown. 
Hab. Upper Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons. Sclater Coll.# (Type 
of the species.) 
ft. Ad. sk. Upper Amazonb ( Wallace). Sclater Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. Upper Amazonb. Gould Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Ega, Upper Amazons Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Bates). 
2. aALBULA. 
Type. 
Galbula, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 85 (1760) G. viridis. 
Caucalias, Cab. et Hein. Mas. Ilein. iv. p. 218 (1863). G. leucogastra. 

Galbula is the largest genus of the family, containing 10 species, 
of which 8 belong to the typical form, and 2 to the slightly aberrant 
subgroup Caucalias. The tail in Galbula consists of 10 regularly 
graduated central feathers, whilst the two external rectrices are very 
small, and are scarcely visible beyond the under tail-coverts. 

Galbula is widely distributed over the Neotropical Region, from 
Southern Mexico to Bolivia and S.E. Brazil. It is most numerous 
in Amazonia, where 7 species are met with. 

M 2 

164 
(*ALBULIDJE. 

Key to the Species. 

A. Belly dark rufous in both sexes (Galbula). 
a. Bill black; breast bronzy green. 
a'. Throat white in male, rufous in female. 
a". Outer rectrices blackish 1. viridis, p. 164. 
b". Outer rectrices rufous. 

af". With black tips 
2. rufo-viridis, p. 165. 

&"'. Without black tips : 
j chin white 3. ruficauda, p. 1(30. 
) chin black 4. melanogenia, p. 166. 

//. 
Throat like breast bronzy green : 
j outer rectrices rufous, with black tips.. 5. tombacea, p. 107. 
j outer rectrices uniform rufous 0. pastazce, p. 108. 

b. Bill yellow; breast rufous: 
( cheeks green; throat (in male) white) .. 7. albirostris, p. 108. 
} cheeks blue ; throat rufous in both sexes. 8. cyaneicottis, p. 169. 
B. Belly white in male, cinnamomeous in female 
(Caucalias). 
\ Smaller : back and breast coppery 9. leucogastra, p. 170. 
) Larger: back and breast purplish 10. clialcotJwrax^ p.171. 

1. Gralbula viridis. 
The Jacaniaciri of Maregra\ e, Echo. Glean. Nat. Hist. iii. p. 201. 

pi. 334. 
Alcedo galbula, Linn. 8. K. i. p. 182 ; Gmel. 8. N. i. p. 45i). 
Le Jacaniar proprement dit, Buff. Hist. Nat., Ois. vii. p. 220 ; id. PL 

Enl 238. 

Grub. Enc. sect. 1, lii. p. 308; Reichenb. Etandb.-g. 85; Set. Contr. 
Orn. 1852, p. 29 ; id. 8gn. Galb. p. 2 ; id. P. Z. S. 1SD5} p. 13; id. 
Cat. A.B. p. 205; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 7, pi. ii. : Cass. 
Cat. Hale. p. 17; Pet. Sitz. Ah. Ji'ien, xx. p. 510; id. Orn. 
Bras. p. 24; Cab. et Hein. Mas. Ilein. iy. p. '219: Sd. et Salt: 

P. Z. S. Ib07j p. 581; iid. Komeacl. p. 104; 8ah\ Ibis, 1880, 
p. 01 (Brit. Guiana). 
Le Jacaniar, And. et Vidll. Ois. Dor. i. Jac. t. 1 (d); Levaill Ois 
de Par. ii. j>p. Ill, 112, It. 47, 48. 
Le Jacamar a gorge rousse, And. et Vieill. Ois. Dor, i. Jac. t. 2 ( $ ). 
Galbula nibricolhV, Steph. Gen Zool. ix. p. 224. 
Green Jacaniar, Lath. Gen. Hist. iv. p. 2. 
Galbula viridicauda, 8w. An. in Menag. p. 327; Cab. in 8ehmib. 

Guian. iii. p. 717; id. in Ersch u. Grub. Enc. sect. 1, lii. p. 308. 
" Galbula quadricolor, JOT.," Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 

Above coppery green, cap more bluish; wings blackish ; coverts 
and edges of secondaries green like the back; throat white; pectoral 
band bright green • belly and under wing-coverts chestnut; 
tail above bluish coppery green, beneath blackish; bill black: whole 
length 7*8 inches, wing 3, tail 3, bill from gape 1*9. Female 
similar, but throat rufous and belly lighter chestnut. 

Hab. Guiana, Surinam, Cayenne. Lower Amazonia, and Venezuela. 

2 . GAXBTJLA. 
165 
«; S. c? S ad. sk. British Guiana. Sir B, Sehomhurgk 
[0-]. 

c, d. £ % ad. sk. Cayenne. 
cla 

 Sclater Coll 

e. S ad. sk. Cayenne. Biocour Coll. 
/. 6 ad. sk. Cayenne. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. <$ ad. sk. Lower Amazons (Wallace). 
Sclater Coll. 
k, 
($&&.; i,k. 2 N. side of Lower Amazons Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk. {Wallace). 

I. $ 
ad. st. Peru (?). Purchased. (Type 
of G. quadricolor.) 
m. Jr. st. S. America. 
Purchased. 
2. Galbula rufo-viridis. 
Galbula viridis, Max. Beitr. iv. p. 436 j Bitrm. Syst. Ueb. it. p. 209. 
Galbula ruficanda, /Sw. An. in Menag. p. 327 ; Grm/ et Mitch. Gen. 


B. i. p. 83 ; Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. (16; Reichenb. Handb. p. 86; 
Barm. Sysf. Ueb. ii. p. 300. 
Galbula rufo-viridis, Cab, in Frsch u. Grub. Fnc. sect. 1, Hi. 

p. 308 ; Scl P. Z. S. 1855, p. 13 ; id. Cat. A. B. p. 266 ; id Monogr. 
Jac. and Pvff-bds. p. 11, pi. iii.; Cab. et Ilein. Mus. Hein. iv, 
p. 220; Scl et Salv. P. Z.S. 1867, p. 581,1879, p. 633; Hd. No-
mend. p. 104; Bein. Fuglef. Bras. Camp. p. 122; Berl. J. f. O. 
1884, p. 318 (Bucaramanga). 
Galbula maculicauda, Scl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 29; id. Syn. Galb. 

p. 2; Cass. Cat, Hale. p. 17; Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13; Pels. 
Sitz. Alt. Wien, xx. p. 516 ; id. Orn. Bras. p. 24. 
Above coppery green ; wings blackish, coverts and edges of secondaries 
like the back: beneath, throat white ; pectoral band bright 
green ; belly and under wing-coverts chestnut; middle tail-feathers 
green, the lateral chestnut, second and third pairs tipped with greenish 
brown ; bill black : whole length 9 inches, wing 3-2, tail 3*8, bill from 
gape 2*1. Female similar, but throat pale rufous and belly paler. 

Hah. S.E. Brazil and Bolivia. 

a. d ad. sk. Kio Tocantins, Amazonia (Wal- Salvm-Godman Coll. 
lace). 
b, c. tf $ ad- sk. Pernambuco, Brazil (Forbes). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

d. tfad.; e,f. $ Bahia, Brazil (Wucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
<7, h. S 2 ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil. Tweeddale Coll. 
V, fa d 5 ad. sk. Novo Fribourgo, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(Youds). 
I tf ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Purchased. 

m. <$ ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Sclater Coll. 
(Type of G. maculicauda.) 
n,o. (S $ ad. sk. Bio Claro, Goyaz, Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p,g. 3 2 ad. sk. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(II. II Smith). 
r, s. S 2 ad. sk. Bolivia. Sclater Coll. 
t. 6 ad. sk. Bolivia. 
T. Bridges [C.\ 
u. <$ ad. sk. Bolivia. 
T. Bridges [0. j . 
166 
GULBTTLrM. 

3. G-albnla rnficauda. 
Galbula viridis, var. /S, Latli. hid. Orn. i. p. 244. 
Le Jacamar a queue rousse, LevailL Ois. de. Par. ii. p. 115, t. 50. 
Galbula ruficauda, Cuv. Begne An. i. p. 420; Cab. in Ersch u. Grab. 
JEnc. sect. 1, lii. p. 308; Scl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 30; id. Si/77. 
Galb. p. 3 ; id. P. Z. S.1855, pp. 13,136; id. Cat. A. B. p. 266; 
id. Monogr. Jae. and Puff-bds. p. 15, pi. iv. ; Cass. Cat. Hale. p. 17 ; 
Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 13; Feb. Sitz. AJc. Wien, xx. p. 516; id. 
Orn. Bras. p. 24; Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 222; Leoi. 
Ois. Trin. p. 116; Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 168,1879, p. 535: 
iid. Nomencl. p. 104; Salv. Bis, 1886, p. 61 (Brit. Guiana). 
Galbula rnacroura, Vieill Enc. Meth. p. 1326; id. Gal Oh. i. pt. 2, 

p. 12, t. 29; Gray, ZistFiss. B. M. p. 66 ; Beieltenb. Handb. p. 8(1: 
Burm. Sijst. Ueb. ii. p. 300. 
Kufous-tailed Jacamar, Lath. Gen. Hist. iv. p. 4. 
Galbula leptura, Siv. An. in Menag. p. 327; Jard. Ann. Nat. Hist. 

xix. p. 80; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 83; Cab. in Schomb. 
Gruian. iii. p. 717; Gray, List Fi*s, B. M. p. 60; Bp. Consp. i. 
p. 152. 
Above golden green; wings blackish, coverts and edges of secondaries 
like the back; throat and chin white; breast-band green; 
belly and under wing-coverts chestnut; tail chestnut, except two 
middle rectrices like the back ; bill black : whole length 10 inches, 
wing 3-3, tail 4-6, bill from gape 2*8. Female similar, but throat 
pale rufous and belly paler 
chestnut. 
Hab. Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago, and Guiana. 


a. § ad. sk. Eemedios, Antioquia, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Salmon). 
b. $ 
ad. sk. Medellin, Antioquia, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Sahnon). 
c. $ ad. sk. Valle Dupar, S. Marta, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Simons). 
d. 2 ad. sk. Santa Marta (Si??w?is). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. <$ ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . $ ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
g. c^ad.sk. Carapano, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. 5 ad. sk. Venezuela {Goering). Salun-Godinan Coll. 
h h. 8 2 ad - sk- Trinidad. Sclater Coll. 
I, m. 6 2 ad. sk. Tobago (Kirk). Sclater Coll. 
n. 8 ad. sk. Guiana (Brown). Sclater Coll. 
0, p. <S 2 ad. sk. S. America. Gould Coll. 
4. Galfcula melanogenia. 
Galbula melanogenia, Scl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 61, pi. 90; id. Syn. 
Galb. p. 3; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 13, 1856, p. 139, 1858, p. 357, 
18597 p. 53; id. Cat. A. B. p. 266; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puffbds. 
p. 19, pi. v. * Scl. et Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 131, 1860, p. 4'0; 
iid. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 837; iid. Nomencl. p. 104; Taylor, Ibis 
1860, p. 116; Cab. et Hem. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 221; Salv. P. Z. S 
1867, p. 151, et 1870, p. 201 ; id. Ibis, J 872, p. 321; Frantz. 

J. f. O. 1869, p. 311; Berl et Tacs. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 572, et 1885, 
pp. 68, 123 (Ecuador); Nutting, P. U. S. K. M. v. p. 401 (Costa 
Rica), et vi. p. 407 (Nicaragua); Midgw. P, U. S. N, M. x. p. 591 
(Honduras). 
2 . GALBTJLA. 
10 7 
Above golden green ; wings black, coverts and edges of second


aries like the back: beneath, chin black, throat white; breast-band 

green, belly and 
under wing-coverts chestnut; tail with four 

middle rectrices green, the rest chestnnt; bill black : whole length 

9 inches, wing 3*3, tail 4, bill from gape 2*3. Female similar, but 

throat pale rufons, and belly rather lighter in colour. 

Hob. S. Mexico, Central America, and Western Ecuador. 

The black chin and the four green middle tail-feathers distinguish 

this species from G. nvfkauda. 

a, b. 6 2 ad. sk. Belize (Blancaneux). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c, d. <$ J ad. sk. Teleman, Vera Paz (Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 


e. d 
ad. sk. Sources of K. cle la Pasion, Tweeddale Coll. 
Vera Paz {Salvia). 
f. $ ad. sk. Choctum, Vera Paz {Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. Jr. sk. Chisec, Vera Paz (Salvin). Tweeddale Coll. 
h, i. <$ $ ad. sk. Vera Paz (Belattre). Sclater Coll. (Types 
of the species.) 
k, I d 2 ad. sk. Guatemala. 0. Salvin, Esq. [P.]. 


m. <$ ad. sk. San Pedro, Honduras (White- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. $ ad. sk. Ohontales, Nicaragua {Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o, p. J ad. sk. Bebedero, Nicoya, Costa llica Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Arce). 

q. 2ad.sk. Angosttii\n,CostaRiea(Oar?m'o/). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
r, s. $ ad.; t. $ Bugaba, Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. sk. 
u,v. c? 2 ad. sk. Veragua {Arce). Sclater Coll. 
w, .i\ tf J ad. sk. Balzar Mts., Ecuador {llling- Salvin-GodmanColl. 

worth). 

5. 6-albnla tombacea. 
Galbula tombacea, 
Spiv, Av. Bras. i. p. 55, t. 58; Gray et Mitch. 
Gen. B. i. p. 88 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 152 ; id. Consp. Vol. Zajg. p. 18; 
Cab. in Ersch u. Grub, Enc. sect. 1, lii. p. 808; Cass. Cat. Male. 

p. 17 ; Scl. Contr. Dm. 1852, p. 80; id. Si/n. Galb. p. 4; id. 
P. Z. S. 1855, p. 13, 1857, p. 202; id. Cat A. B. p. 260; id. 
Monogr. Jae. and Puff-bds. p. 28, pi. vi.; Beickenb. Handb. 
p. 87'; Tsch. Faim. Ber., Aves, p. 255; JBurm. Sysf. Ueb. ii. 
p. 301; Cab. et Mein. Mm. Hem. iv. p. 223; Scl et Sah. P. Z. S. 
1866, p, 192, 1807, p. 978, 1873, pp. 186, 294; iid. Komencl. 
p. 105; Taos. P.Z.S. 1874, p. 547 (0. Peru); id. Orn. PirAii. 
p. 115. 
Galbula cyanescens, Deville, Bev. Zool. 1849, p. 50; Cass. Cat. Hale. 
p. 
17; Reichenb. Handb. p. 87 ; Cab. et Hein. Mm. Hem. iv. 
p. 223. 
Galbula fuscicapilla, 
Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, pp. 18, 13G, pi. lxxvii.; Cab. 
et Hein. Mm. IIei?i. iv. p. 223. 

Above shining green, cap in some examples more or less fuscous; 
wings blackish, coverts and edges of secondaries like the back: 
beneath, chin brownish, throat and breast shining green, belly 
chestnut; four central tail-feathers green, lateral tail-feathers 
chestnut, first normal pair slightly tipped with blackish: whole 

168 GALBTJLIDiE. 

length. 8*5 inches, wing 3, tail 3*5, bill from gape 1*8. Female 
similar, but belly paler. 
Hal. Colombia, Ecuador, and Upper Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
b, c. S 2 ad. sk.
d, e. (S 2 a^. sk.
f. J ad. sk.
g, h. S $ ad.sk.
i, Jc. $ ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
Bogota. 
Bogota. 
Pebas, Peru (Hauxwell). 
Eio Javari (Bates). 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
I <$ ad. sk.
m. <$ ad. sk.
n. S ad. sk.
o,p. (5 $ ad. sk.
q. $ ad. sk.
r. & ad. sk. 
Upper Amazons. 
Nauta, E. Peru (Bartlett). 
Nauta, E. Peru. 
Cosnipata, Peru (Whitely). 
Elvira, E. Peru (Bartlett). 
E. Peru (Farris). 
Purchased. 
Sclater ColL 
E. Bartlett [C.~. 
Sah in-Go dm ail Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
s. <$ ad. sk. E. Peru (Farm). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

6. G-albula pastazse. 
Galbula pastazas, Tacz. et Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 107 (Ecuador). 
" Similar to G. tomhacea, but larger; back green, not coppery; 
abdomen deep rufous, not ochraceous; lateral rectrices wholly 
einnamomeous." 
Hob. Eastern Ecuador. 

I have not sufficient material to enable me to form an opinion on 
this species. The single specimen received from the "Warsaw 
Museum, and marked " Galbula pastazce" does not quite agree with 
the characters assigned to the species. 

(?) a. 2 jr. sk. Mapoto, Ecuador (Stolzmann). Sclater Coll. 

7. Gralbnla albirostris. 
White-billed Jacamar, Lath. Syn. Suppl. i. p. 113; id. Gen. Hist. 
iv. p. 6. 
Galbula albirostris, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 245; Gray et Mitch. Gen. 
B. i. p. 83; Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. 67; Bp. Consp. i. p. 152 ; id. 
Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13; Cab. in JErsch u. Grub. JEJnc. sect. 1, lii. 
p. 308; Cass. Cat. Hale. p. 17; JReichenh. Handb. p. 85; Scl. 
Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 31; id. Syn. Gall. p. 5; id. P. Z. S. 1855, 
p. 14; id. Cat. A. B. p. 266; id. Monogr. Jac. and Fuff-bds. 
p. 27, pi. vii.; Cab. et Hein. Mus, Hein. iv. p. 225; Bel. et Bain. 
P. Z. S. 1866, p. 192, 1867, pp. 582, 751, 1873, p. 294; iid. 
Mmencly. 105; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 43 (N.E. Peru) ; id. Orn. 
Pe>\ iii. p. 116; Salv. Ibis, 1886, p. 61 (Brit. Guiana); W. L. 
Sclater, Ibis, 1887, p. 318 (Brit. Guiana). 
Le Venetou, Aud. et Vieill. Ois. Dor. i. Jac. pp. 6, 7, tt. iv., v. 
Le petit Jacamar ou Jac. a bee jaune, Levaill. Ois. de Far. ii. p. 118, 


t. 51. 
Galbula flavirostris, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xvi. p. 443; id. Fnc. Meth. 
p. 1326; Sto. An, in Menag. p. 328; Cab. in Scfwmb. Gitian. iii, 
p. 717, 
2 . GALBULA. 109 
Galbiila ckalcocephala, Demlk, Bev. Zool. 1849, p. 55; Vos Murs, 
Zool. Exp. de Castelnau, Ois. p. 31, t. 0. fig. 2; Feb. tiifz. Al\ 
Wien, xx. p. 517 ; id. Orn. Bras, p. 24 ; Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hem. 

iv. p. 224; Toes. Orn. Per. iii. p. 117. 
Above bronzy green; cap coppery red; wings and tail blackish, 
coverts and edges of secondaries like the back: beneath dark 
chestnut, chin rufous, broad band across the throat white; tail 
rufous with slight blackish tips to the external rectriccs, two middle 
tail-feathers above like the back; bill yellow, tipper portion of upper 
mandible black : whole length 7 inches, wing 2*7, tail 2-5, bill 1-0. 
Female similar, but without any white on the throat. 

Hah. Guiana, Amazonia, and Eastern Ecuador. 

a, b. (S ad. sk. Deroerara. Purchased. 
c, d. (S $ ad. sk. Bartica Grove, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Wliitely). 
e) /• d 2 ad. j Merurne" Mts., British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 

g. Jr. sk. (Whitely). 
h. ($ ad. sk. Roraima, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Whitely). 
i,k. $ 2 ad.sk. British Guiana (W. L. Sela- Sclater Coll. 
ter). 
I S ad. sk. Guiana (Brown). Sclater Coll. 

m. 2 ad. sk. Barra, Rio Negro (Wallace). Purchased. 
n. <S ad. sk. Quia, Rio Negro (Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
o,p. S $ ad.sk. Guia, Rio Negro (Wallace). A. R. Wallace [C.]. 
(], r. (S 2 a(^« s^- Yquitos, Peru (Whitely). Sclater Coll. 
s. $ ad. sk. Yquitos, Peru (Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t, u. <$ 2 a<h sk. Yquitos, Peru ( Whitely). II. Whitely [0.]. 
v, w. <$ 2 ad. sk. Chaxnicuros, E. Peru (Bart- Sclater Coll. 
lett). 
.v. S ad. sk. Xeberos, E. Peru (Bartlett). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

ac^ s^


y, z. $ 2 Peruvian Amazons. Sclater Coll. 
a'. <S jr. sk. Peruvian Amazons. Purchased. 
b'. <5 ad. sk. Peruvian Amazons (Bates). Purchased. 
c't d\ S 2 ad. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e'. (S jr. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 

8. Galbula cyaneicollis. 
Le Jacamar jeune age, Lemill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 113, t. 49 (?). 

Galbula cyaneicollis, Cass. Proc. Ac. Sci. Philad. v. p. 154, t. 7; id. 
Cat. Hale. p. 18 ; Scl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 31; id. Syn. Galb. p.6; 
id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 14; id. Cat. A. B. p. m7; id. Monogr. Jac. 
and Puff-bds. p. 31, pi. viii.; Pelz. Site. Ah. Wien, xx. p. 517; 
Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, p. 582; iid. Nomencl. p. 105. ^ 

Galbula cyanopogon, Cab. in JErseJi u. Grub. BUG. sect. 1, hi. p. 309; 

Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 224. ^ 
Galbula albirostris, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 301. 
Galbula cyanocephala, LicM. MS. (teste Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. 

iv. p. 225). 
Above bronzy green; cap and sides of the head blackish mixed 
with purple; wings blackish, coverts and edges of secondaries like 

170 GALTVOTJDiE. 

the back: beneath dark chestnut, cheeks and sides of the neck 
shining bluish green; tail rufous, two middle rectrices like the 
back, the others more or less edged with greenish; bill yellow, 
apical half of upper mandible black : whole length 7*8 inches, wing 
3*1, tail 3*1, bill from gape 1*8. Female similar, but paler 
beneath. 

Hab. Lower Amazonia and B. Madeira. 
Closely allied to G. allnrostris, but recognizable by its blue 
cheeks, and by the absence of the white throat-band in the male. 

a, b. $ ad.;
ad. st. 
c. Lower Amazons. A. E. Wallace [0.]. 
d. $ ad. sk.
e. <$ ad. sk. 
Para ( Wallace). 
Capirn It. {Wallace), 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

9. Galhnla lemcogastra. 
Le Jacamar a ventre blanc; Levaill. Prom, et Gnep.^ Stqmh p. 46, 
t. Xi. 
Galbula leucogastra, TieilL Kvuv. JDicL xvi. p. 444; id. Fnc. MetJi. 
p. 1320; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 83 ; Gray, LH Fm. B. M. 
p. 67 j Bp. Consp. i. p. 152; id. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13; Cab. 
in Frscli it. Grub. Fnc. sect. 1, lii. p. 300; Cats. Cat. Male. p. IS ; 
Bcichenb. Handb. p. 87; ScL Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 32; id. Syn. 
Galb. p. 0 ; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 14; id. Cat. A. B. p. 207; id. 
Guiana). 
Galbula albiventris, Cuv. Regn. An. i. p. 448 (1829); Sic. An. in 

Menag. p. 328; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 83, t. xxix.; Cab. in 

Schomb. Guian. iii. p. 717. 
Galbula senea, Temm. MS., teste Bp. Consp. i. p. 152. 
Caucalias leucogaster, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 218. 

Above golden green much mixed with coppery; cap bluish; 
wings and tail blackish, coverts and edgings of secondaries like the 
back: beneath, throat white, breast coppery green like the back, 
belly white; tail above bluish green, beneath slaty; bill black: 
whole length 7*5 inches, wing 2*9, tail 3*1, bill from gape 1*7. 
Female similar, but throat and belly pale ochraceous, 

Hal. Guiana, Cayenne, and Lower Amazonia. 

a, b. S ad.; c. MerumS Mts., British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. (WMtely). 

d. <5 ad. sk. Cayenne. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. J ad. sk. Cayenne. Purchased. 
/ . ? ad. sk. Guia, Upper Eio Negro (Wal- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lace), 
g, h. S ? "ad. sk. Eio Negro (Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
. Ad. sk. Amazons. A. R. Wallace [C.~. 

h. Ad. sk. Demerara. Purchased, 
3. BKACHYGALBA. 
171 

10. (Mlrala chalcothorax. 
Galbula chalcothorax, 
*SW. P. Z. 8, 1854, p. 110, 1855, p. 14; id. 
Monogr. Jac. and Puf-bds. p. 37, pi. x. ; AW. ^ -My. Nomoncl 

p. 105; £<»•*/. !>.#. tf. 1882, p. 374 (E. Peru); Taos. Orn. Per. 
iii. p. 118. 
Galbula lencogastra, ticL P. Z. S. 1858, p. 61 (Rio Napo) ; tfrt. et 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, p. 078 (Upper Amazonia); Tacz. P. Z. tf. 
1874, p. 548. 

Caucalias chalcothorax, Cab. et Ilein. MILS. Ilein. iv. p. 218. 
Similar to G. leucogastru, but rather larger in size, and with the 
back and breast deep bronzy purplish. 
Hah. Eastern Ecuador and Amazonia. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
b. <S ad. sk. Quixos, Ecuador (Gould). Sclater Coll. (Type 
of the species.) 
e. $ 
ad. sk. Quixos, Ecuador (Gould). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d, e. 
$ § ad.; Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . Jr. sk. 

q. $ ad. sk. Pebas, E. Peru (Ilauxwell). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
'h. $ ad. sk. Elvira, E. Peru (Bartlett)'. Sclater Coll. 
3. BRACHYG-ALJBA. 
Type. 
Brachygalba, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13 (1854) B. albigularis. 
Brachycex, Cab. et Ilein. Mm. lid in. iv. p. 214 (1863) B. lugubris. 

This little group has the general form of Galbula, but the birds 
are of smaller size, the tail is shorter and square, and the outer 
pair of roctrioes (abnormally small in Galbula) is altogether absent. 
The feet are weaker, and the first toe is small. 

The six species of this genus are spread over Colombia, Guiana, 
and Amazonia. 

Keif to the Species. 

A. Bill black. 
a. Throat brown: 
j belly white 1. lugubris, p. 171. 
J belly fulvous 2. fulviventris, p. 172. 
be Throat white: 
J cap and breast-band brown 3. goeringi, p. 172. 
| cap and breast-band green 4. salmoni, p. 173. 


B. 
Bill white : 
j cheeks white like the throat 5. albigalaris, p. 173. 
) cheeks brown like the cap b\ melanosterm, p. 174. 
1. Brachygalba lugubris. 
Galbula lugubris, Sw. An. in Menay. p. 329 ; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. 
i. p. 83; Cab. in Schomb. Guian. iii. p. 718 ; id. in Ersch u. Grub. 
Enc. sect. 1, Hi. p. 300. 
Jacamaralcyou lugubris, Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. 67; Meichenb. 
Ilandb. p. 84. 
Galbula inornata, 
Scl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 32; id. Syn. Galb. p. 7; 
Pelz, Situ. Ah Wien, xx. p. 518 ; id. Orn. Bras. p. 24. 

172 
(JALBTJLIBJE. 

Jacamaralcyon inornata, Cass. Cat. Male. p. 18. 
Galbula ckalcoptera, Reichenb. Handb. p. 84. 
Brachygalba inornata, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 15; id. Cat. A. B. 


p. 267; Scl. et Salv. Nomencl p. 105; Taoz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 120. 
" Galbula tristis, Natt. MS.;' teste Peh. Sifts. Ah Wien, xx. p. 518. 
Brachycex lugubris, Cad. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 215. 
Brachygalba lugubris, Sol. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. .°>0, pi. xi. 
(fig. dextra) ; Salv. ite,l886, p. 62 (Brit. Guiana). 

Above blackish brown, wings and tail washed with bronzy 
green; beneath similar, throat brownish; middle of breast and 
belly pure white; crissum and flanks black ; blotch at the base of 
the wing-feathers underneath white: bill black: whole length 
7 inches, wing 2-6, tail 2, bill from gape 1*8. Female similar. 
ffab. Guiana, Lower Amazonia, and Colombia. 

a. J ad. sk. 
b,e. S ad.; d. 
British Guiana. 
Merume' Mts., Brit. Guiana 
Sir R. Schomburgk [C.l 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 
e,f. S ? ad. sk. 
(Whitely). 
Merume' Mts., Brit. Guiana Sclater Coll. 
g,h. 3 ad.; i,k. 
(Whitely). 
Roraima, Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
S ad. sk. (Wliitelij). 
7. Ad. sk. 
m, n. <$ ad. sk. 
British Guiana (Brown). 
Pebas, E. Peru (Uaux-
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
o. <J ad. sk. 
well). 
Rio Tocantins (Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
p. Ad. sk. Amazons (?). Sclater Coll. (Type of 
q. Ad. sk. 
r. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
S. America. 
Galbula inornata?) 
Sclater Coll. 
Purchased. 

2. Brachygalba fuMveiitris. 
Brachygalba 
lugubris, Sol. Monogr. Jac. and Puf-bds.^. 39, pl.xi. 
(fig. sinistra). 

Similar to B. luyulris, but middle of belly fulvous. 
Ilab. Colombia and E. Ecuador. 
So far as I can now make out, the rufous-bellied form of B. lugu


bris from Colombia and Eastern Ecuador must belong to a separate 
species, which I propose to call B. fiilviventris. 

a. S 
ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. Ad. sk. Bogota. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador. 
Sclater Coll. 
d. e. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f. Ad. sk. Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
V/. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
3. Brachygalba goeringi. 
Brachygalba goeringi, Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1869, p, 258, pi. xviii. ; 
iid.''Nommcl. p. 105; Scl. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 41, 
pi. xii. 

" Brachygalba lugubris (Sw.)" Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 274. 

3 . BRACHYGALBA. 
173 

Above bronzy green; wings brownish, black, coverts and outer 
secondaries with edgings like the back; cap and upper neck 
brown; superciliaries broader behind, and nape fulvous : beneath, 
throat white; breast blackish; belly and crissum pure white ; 
flanks black; bill and feet black: whole length 7 inches, wing 
2-75, tail 2-3, bill from gape 2. Female similar, but middle of 
belly ferruginous. 

Rah. Venezuela. 

«, b. d ? ad. sk. Lake of Valencia, Venezuela Sclater Coll. 
''. 6 5 ad.; d.
(Goering). 
Lake of Valencia; Venezuela 
(Types °f the species.) 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Ad. sk. (Goering). 

4. Brachygalba salmoni. 
Brachygalba salmoni, Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S.1679, p. 535 (Antioquia); 
Scl. Monogr. Jae. and Puff-bds. p. 43, pi xiii. 

Eronzy green, cap shaded with brown; throat and inner webs 
of the wing-feathers at the base white; middle of belly and 
crissum ferruginous; bill black; feet brown: whole length 7*2 
inches, wing 2-8, tail 2*3. Female similar, but throat pale 
fulvous. 

Rah. State of Antioquia, Colombia. 

a. 2 ad. sk. Rio Nichi, Antioquia, U. S. 0. Sclater Coll. ) 
{Salmon). i 
b. $ 
ad. sk. Rio Nichi, Antioquia, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. I 
{Salmon). (Types of the species.) 
5. Brachygalba albigtilaris. 
G-albula albigularis, Spix, Ao. Bras. i. p. 54, t. 57. Jig. 1; Gray et 
Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 83 j Bp. Comp. i. p. 152; Cab. in JSrsch u. 
Grub. Enc. sect. 1, lii. p. 309; BeicJienb. Randb. p. 84; Burm. 
Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 302. 

Brachygalba 
albigularis, Bp. Consjp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13; Scl. P. Z. S. 
1857, p. 202; id. Cat. A. B. p. 267; id. Mongr. Jao. and Puffbds. 
p. 45, pi. xiv.; ScL et Salv. Nomencl. p. 105; Tacz. Orn. Ber. 

iii. p. 119. 
Brachycex albogularis, Cab. et Rein. Mus. Rein. iv. p. 215. 
Smoky brown; back, edgings of wings except primaries, and 
margins of tail bronzy green; eyebrows, sides of head, and throat 
white; blotch in the middle of belly dark ferruginous; inner webs 
of wing-feathers banded with white at the base; bill white; feet 
black : whole length 6'2 inches, wing 2*7, tail 2-1, bill from gape 
2-4. 

Rab. Upper Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. Rio Javari, Upper Amazons (Bates). Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Rio Javari, Upper Amazons (Bates). Purchased. 
174 ^ALBTfLlDM. 

6. Brachygalba melanosterna. 
Jaeamar a ventre Wane. u Galbula albhentiis, Lecaill" Less. Ti\ 

d'Orn. p. 234. 
Galbula al"bi\ entris, Cab. in Ersch u. Grid). Enc. sect. 1, lii. p. 300. 
Brackygalba albiventer, Bp. Comp. Vol Zyg. p. 13. 
Brachygalba melanosterna, Set. P. Z. S/lSoo, p. 15; id. Monogr, 

Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 47, pi. xv.; Scl. et Sab. Komencl. p. 103. 
Galbula (Bracliygalba) melanosterna, Pelz. Sitz. Ah. Wien, xx. 

p. 518 ; id. Orn. Bras. p. 24. 
"Galbula lugubris, Nati. MS.;' teste Feb. Sit:,. Ah. Wien, xx. p. 518. 
Bracliycex melanosterna, Cab. et Ilein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 214. 
Brackycex albiventris, Cab. et Ilein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 215. 
Galbula melanostema, Reinh. Fuglef. B?ns. Camp. p. 123. 
Above smoky brown; middle of back, wings, and tail margined 
with bronzy green : beneath black ; throat white ; middle of belly 
pure white; inner webs of wing-feathers at the base white; bill 
white; feet brown: whole length 6-1 inches, wing 2*9, tail 2*2, 
bill from gape 1*9. Female similar. 

Ilab. Inner Brazil and adjoining parts of Bolivia. 
The smoky-brown cheeks and the absence of the white superciliaries 
at once distinguish this species from B. cdbigularis. 

a. (J ad. sk.
h, c. § ad. sk. 
Rio Parana, Brazil (batterer'). 
Chapada, Matto GrobJ&o, Brazil{H. II. Smith), 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Bolivia. Sclater Coll. 

4. JACAMARALCYOH. _ 
Type. 
Jacamaralcyon, Less, Tr. d'Orn. p. 235 (1831) J. tridactyla. 
Cauax, Cab. in Wiegm. Arch. 1847, i. p. 347 J. tridactyla. 

The total absence of the hind toe at once distinguishes this 
genus from BrachygaTha, which it otherwise generally resembles 
excepting in having a rather longer tail. 

This type is restricted to S.E. Brazil. 

1. Jacamaralcyon tridactyla. 
Le Jacamaralcion, LevailL From, et Guep., Suppl. p. 51,1.1. 
Galbula tridactyla, Vieill. Kouv. Diet. x\i. p. 445; id. Fine. Metlu 

p. 1327; Licht. Doull p. 12; Spice, Ai\ Bras. i. p. 55, t. 57. 
fig. 2 j Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 83; Peh. Sitz. Ah. Wien. 
xx. p. 518; id. Orn. Bras. p. 25; Euler, J.f.O. 1807, p. 221. 
Galbula ceycoides, Such, Zool Journ. ii. p. 112; Jard. et Selb. Ill 
Om. i. t."22. 
Jacamaralcyon brasilien&is, Less. Ir. dJOrn. p. 235. 
Galbula armata, Sw. An. in Menag. p. 328. 
Cauax tridactylus, Cab. in Wiegm. ArcJi. 1847, i. p. 347; id. in 

Ersch u. Grub. Enc. sect. 1, lii. p. 310; id. J.f. 0. 1874, p. 227; 
Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hem. iv. p. 213. 
Jacamaralcyon tridactyla, Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. 67 ; Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 153; id. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 14; Reichenb. Handb. p. 83; 
5 . &ALBALCYEHYNCHTJS. 
175 

ScL Syn. Galb. p. 8 ; id. P. Z. S. 1835, p. 16 ; id. Monoqr. Jac. and 
Puff-Ms. p. 49, pi. xvi.; Cass. Cat. Hah. p. 18; Re'ink Fuglef. 
Bras. Camp. p. 123 ; 6H e£ Said. Nomencl. p. 105. 

Above slaty Mack, strongly suffused with bronzy green; cap 
smoky brown, striated with pale fulvous : beneath rather paler; 
throat black; chin and sides of the head striated with palo fulvous 
like the cap ; middle of breast and belly pure white; inner webs 
of wing-feathers white; bill black; feet dark slaty: whole length 
7'5 inches, wing 2*8, tail 2*8, bill from gape 1*9. Female nearly 
similar. 

Sab. S.E. Brazil. 

a. $ 
ad. sk. Santa Ee, Minas, Brazil Sclater Coll. 
(Rogers). 
b, c. $ ad. sk. Novo Eribourgo, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Youds). 

d. 2 
&d. sk. Vicinity of Bolivia (Wu-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
cherer). 
e. 5 ad. bk. S.E. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Purchased. 
g. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Gould Coll. 
h. Skeleton. S.E. Brazil. 
Eyton Coll. 
5. GALBALCYEHYMGHUS. 
Type. 
Galbalcyrlrynchus, JDes Murs, Rev. Zool. 1845, p. 207 .. G. leucotis. 
Jacamaralcyonides, JDes Murs, Icon. Qm. t. 17 (1845) .. G-. leucotis. 
Cauecias, Cab. in Ersch u. Grub. Enc. sect. 1, Hi. p. 310 

(1851) ."" G. leucotis. 
Alcyonides, Reichenb. Sandb. d. sp. Orn. p, 83 (1851) .. G. leucotis. 
This curious form is at once distinguishable from Galbula by its 

shorter, higher, and much compressed bill, its short square tail, and 
its stronger feet. There are twelve rectrices, the outer pair being 
abnormally small as in Galb tola. 

Galbahyrhynchus is only found in the forests of Upper Amazonia 
and Eastern Ecuador. 

1. G-albalcyrhynchus leucotis. 
G-albalcyrliynchus 
leucotis, JDes Mars, Rev. Zool. 1845, p. 207; id. 
Exp. de Castebiau, Zool, Ois. p. 31 j Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. iii. 
App. p. 30 a; Bp. Consp. i. p. 153; id. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 14; ScL 
Syn. Galb. p. 10; id. P. Z. S. 1855, pp. 16, 137; id. Cat. A. B. 

p. 268 j id. Monogr. Jac. and Paff-btls. p. 53, pi. xvii.; Cass. Cat. 
Male. p. 19; Kuril. J. f. O. 1857, p. 43; ScL et Salv. P. Z. S. 
1866, p. 192, 1867, p. 978, 1873, p. 294 j iid. JSfomencl. p. 105; 
Tacz. Cm. Per. iii. p. 121. 
Jacamaralcyonides leucotis, Des Murs, Icon. Cm. t. 17. 
Cauecias leucotis, Cab. in Ersch u. Grub. Em. sect. 1, Hi. p. 310; 

Cab. et Ilein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 228. 
Alcyonides leucotis, Reiohenb. Kandb. p. 83. 


Above and beneath brownish chestnut; cap, wings, and tail 

176 GAT/RUTTD^. 

blackish, tinged with bronzy green ; cheeks white ; chin blackish; 
bill and feet white : whole length 8 inches, wing 3*5, tail 2*2, bill 
from gape 2*1. Female similar, but without the white cheeks. 

Hab. Upper Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. Upper Amazonia. Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Upper Amazonia. Gould Coll. 
c. S ad. sk. Pebas, Peru (Hauxivell). Sclater Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Pebas, Peru (HauxwelT). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. 2 ad. sk. Ucayali (Bartlett). Sclater Coll. 
f. 5 ad. sk. Ucayali (JBartlett). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
>/. Ad. sk. Ucayali. ' E. Bartlett [C.]. 
7i. S ad. sk. Yquitos, Peru ( Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i, k. S ad. sk. Yquitos, Peru. ' H, Whitely [C.]. 
l,m. $ 2 ad. sk. Samhia, E. Peru (Hauxwell). Purchased. 
n. S ad. sk. Elvira, E. Peru {Bartlett). Sclater Coll. 
o, p. Ad. sk. Eio Copotaza, Ecuador (Bud:- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ley). 

Subfamily II. JACAMEROPINiE. 

6. JACAMEROPS. 
Type. 
Jacamerops Less. Tr. d?Orn. p. 234 (1831) J. grandis. 
Lamprotila, 8w. Class. B. ii. p. 33G (1837) J. grandis. 
Jacamerops is the giant of the Galhulidce, and is well distinguished 

by its incurved bill, which is much dilated at the base and has a 
sharp culminal ridge. The tail has twelve rectrices, of which the 
three outer pairs are much graduated. The tarsi are short and the 
feet weak. 

Jacamerops has a wide range, from Yeragua over Colombia, 
Venezuela, Guiana, and Amazonia. 

1. Jacamerops grandis. 
Alceclo aurea, P. L. S. Mull. Natursyst. Suppl p. 94 (?). 
Great Jacamar, Lath. Syn. i. p. 605; id. Gen. Hist. iv. p. 3. 
Alcedo grandis, Gm. S. N. i. p. 458. 
Galbula grandis, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 245 ; Yieill Enc. Meth. p. 1325. 
Le Jacammaciri, Aud. et Vieill. Ois. Dor. p. 8, i Jac. t. 6. 
Jacarnarici, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 125, t. 54. 
Galbula jacamaciri, Shaw, JSrat. Misc. vol. xx. t. 833. 
Jacamerops grandis, Less, Tr. cFOrn. p. 234; Gray et Mitch. Gen 


B. i. p. 84; Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. 68 ; Bj>. Consp. i. p. 153 
id. Consp. Vol. Zijq. p. 13 ; Reichenb. Handb.ip. 88; Sol. Syn. Galb, 
p. 9; id. P. Z. $.' 1855, p. 16,1867, p. 263 ; id. Cat. A. IB. p. 268 
id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-Ids. p. 57, pi. xviii.; Cass. Cat. Hale, 
p. 18; Pete Sitz. Ah. Wien, xx. p. 519; id. Orn. Bras. p. 251 
Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 298; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 291 • 
Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 363, 1867, p. 582, 1873, p. 294, 1879, 
p. 536; iid. NbmencL p. 105; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. 
Peru); id. Orn. Per. iii. p. 122; Salv. Ibis, 1886, p. 62 (Brit. 
Guiana). 
Lamprotila platyrhyncha, Sw. Class. B. ii. p. 336. 
Lamprotila grandis, Cab. in Schomb. Guian. iii. p. 718 ; id. in Ersch 

6. JACAMEROPS. 
u. Grub. Unc. sect. 1, Hi. p. 810; Cab. et Hem, Mm. Ilein. iv. 
p. 227. 
Jaearuerops isidori, Beville, Mev. Zool. 1849, p. 55; JReicJienb. llandb. 
p. 88 ; Scl. 8yn. Galb. p. 10 ; id. P. Z. S.1855, p. 16 ; Bp, Consp. 
Vol. Zyg. p. 13; Bes 3furs, Exp. de Castelnau, Zool, Ois. p. 32, 
t.x. 
Lamproptila isidori, Cab. et Rein. Mus. Heiri. iv. p. 227. 
Above shining metallic green, more or less glossed with copper, 
especially on the hack; wings and tail blackish, with metallic green 
edgings; sides of head and chin golden green; large guttural spot 
white; abdomen chestnut; under wing-coverts and inner margins 
of wing-feathers rufons; bill and feet black : whole length 108 
inches, wing 4*5, tail 5. Female similar, but without the white 
guttural spot, and the abdomen not so dark. 

JIdb. Guiana, Amazonia, Ecuador, Colombia, and Yeragua. 

I have examined the type of J. isidori in the French National 
Collection. It seems to me to be merely a melanoid variety of 
J", gremdis, the green of the back having passed into a dark purple. 

a,b.($$ ad. sk. 
c. $ ad. sk. 
d. S ad. sk. 
Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana 
(Whitely). 
li. Attapurow, Brit. Guiana 
(Whitehj). 
Denierara. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Purchased. 
e. $ ad. sk. Demerara. Purchased. 
/ . 2 ad. sk. 
g. 2 ad. sk. 
h. <$ ad. sk. 
i. 2ad.sk. 
k. S ad. sk. 
I. $ ad. sk. 
Cayenne. 
Lower Amazons (Wallace). 
Amazonia. 
Barra (Wallace). 
Ega, Amazonia. 
Santa Cruz, Upper Amazons 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
A. R. Wallace [C.]. 
Sclater Coll. 
Purchased. 
Sclater Coll. 
m, n. S 2 a(i' 
{Bates), 
Napo, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
o. <$ ad. sk. 
p. £ ad. sk. 
2? r-6 2 a^- sk. 
*. $ ad. sk. 
t 2 ad. sk. 
Remedios, Antioquia (Salmon). 
Bogota. 
Panama (McLeannan). 
Chepo, Panama (Arce). 
Veragua (ArcS). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

VOL. XIX. N 

178 BXTCCONID^J. 

Family BUCCONIDiE. 

(By P. L. SCLATEK) 

The Bucconidce or Puff-birds constitute a very distinct family of 
Zygodactylous Piearicr, nearly allied to the Gcdbulidce, and likewise 
entirely restricted to the Keotropical Region. Like the Galbulidte 
the Bucconidce have a nude oil-gland, long globose caaca, and perfectly-
formed clavicles, and are by these characters readily separable 
from the Indicatoridte, Capitonkhp, and Wiam^liastidrt, in which 
the oil-gland is tufted, there are no cseca, and the clavicles are more 
or less imperfectly developed. 

The differences between the present group and the Gcdbulidce have 
been given at full length by Eorbes in the Introduction to my 
Monograph *. It may be sufficient on the present occasion to point 
out that the Bucconidce are readily distinguishable from the Galbulidee 
by the shorter and stronger bill, which is more or less hooked 
or incurved at the tip, by the presence of twelve well-formed rectrices, 
and by the absence of an after-shaft in the contour-feathers. 

The Bucconidce do not appear to range quite so far north as the 
Gcdbulidce. In Guatemala and Belize we first meet with two species. 
In Costa Eica and Yeragua the number is increased to seven. In 
Colombia and Amazonia the majority of the species occur; seven 
are found in the wood-region of S.E. Brazil and one in Paraguay. 
The existence of a member of this family in the Argentine province 
of Tucuman has been ascertained by Dr. Burmeister, but it is not 
yet quite certain what the exact species is that is there met with t. 

In the Patagonian and Antillean Subregions, as in the case of the 
Jacamars, there are no Bucconidce. 

Speaking generally, it may be said that the Puff-birds are a 
purely arboreal and forest-frequenting group. They seem to pass 
the greater part of their lives sitting upon the topmost or outermost 
branches of the trees, generally selecting twigs that are dry and 
withered for their perch, and looking out for insects, which are 
captured flying, and constitute their only food. The Swallow-wing 
(Ghelidojptera) nests in holes in banks, like the Kingfishers, and lays 

* Sclater, Mon. Jac. & Puff-bds. pp. xrpii et sea. 
t Of. Scl. et Huds. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 30. 
1 . BUCCO. 
179 
white eggs. Of the mode of nidiflcation of the other members of 
the family we are at present almost entirely ignorant; but it is 
probable that they either follow the same practice, or else nest in 
hollow trees, and that their eggs are colourless, like those of other 
birds which deposit their eggs in similar situations. 

Key to the Genera. 

A. 
Bill straight, widened at the base; tip 
hooked 1. Bucco, p. 179. 
B. 
Bill more or less incurved, compressed; 
tip incurved but not hooked, except in 
Hapaloptila. 

a. Tail longer, rounded. 
a'. Wings short. 
a". Bill shorter and thicker. 
j Tail moderate 2. MALACOPTILA, p. 193. 
I Tail short t . . ;]. MICROMONACHA, p. 199. 

b". Bill longer and thinner 4. NONNTTLA, p. 199. 

b'. Wings lengthened. 
J Bill hooked j tail shorter 5. HAPALOPTILA, p. 20:2. 
I Bill incurved; tail longer 6. MONACHA, p. 202. 

b. Tail shorter, squared; wings long .. 7. CHBLIDOPTEBA, p. 207. 
1. B1TCC0. 
Type. 
Bucco, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 92 (17G0) B. collaris. 
Cyphos, JSpisc, Av. Bras. i. p. 51 (1824) B. rnacrodactylus. 
Nystactes, Gloger, Froriep's Notizen, xvi. p. 277 

(1827) B. tamatia. 
Tamatia, Less. Tr. d'Orn. p. 1(56 (1831) B. tectus. 
Ohaunornis, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 13 (1841).... B. tamatia. 
Nystalus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Rein. iv. p. 139 


(1863) B. maculatus. 
Hypnelus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 143 
(1863) ^ B. bicinotus. 
Nothriscus, Cab. et Hein. Mus, Hein. iv. p. 146 
(1863) ; B. tectus. 
Argicus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 148 
(1863) B. rnacrodactylus. 
Notharchus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 149 
(1863) B. hyperrhynchus. 

This extensive genus, which is spread over the whole area of the 
family, is divisible, according to the shape of the bill, into two subgenera, 
Bucco and Nystalus. It contains 20 species, which may be 
arranged as follows :— 

Key to the Species, 

A. Bill rounded, dilated at the base. (Bucco.) 
a. With a distinct breast-band. 
a'. Rufous and white; bill red 1. collaris, p. 180. 
sr2 

180 
BUCCONID-aB. 

b'. Black and white ; bill "black. 
a". Larger; cap black. 
a'". Breast-baud black. 


aK Front and belly white : 
(white front narrow 2. macrorhynchus, p. 181. 
] white front moderate ... . 3. dysoni, p. 182. 
( white front broad 4. Iu/perrhyneJucs, p. 183. 

bL. Front white; belly rufe&cent. 5. sicainsoni, p. 183. 
oK Front black; belly white. .. . 0. pectoralis, p. 184. 
b!". Breast-kmd black and brown.. 7. ordi, p, 184. 
b". Smaller; cap black with white 
spots. 

<?'". Breast-band broad: 
(six middle lectrlce^ spotted. 8. tectus, p. 185. 
(six middle rectrice& not 

spotted 9. pieaius, p. 180. 
d'". Breast-band narrow 10. subteotus, p. 186. 

c'. Brown and rufous; bill black. 
c". Cap castaneous 11. macrodactijlus, p. 18(3. 
d". Cap brown: 

/wit h one breabt-band 12. ruficollis, p. 187. 
(.with two breast-bands ..... . 13. bicinctus, p. 188. 

b. 
Without a breast-band: 
i black spots on belly less numerous . 14. tamatia, p. 188. 
| black spots on belly more numerous, 15. pulmentum, p. 180. 
B. Bill compressed and " more elevated. 
(Nystatus.) 

c. 
Breast rufous, unspotted : 
\ belly white with black spot^ 10. maculatus, p. 100. 
) belly white with black stripes ... . 17. striatipectus, p. 190. 
d. Breast white, unspotted 18. chacuru, p. 191. 
e. 
Breast ochraceous, variegated: 
(with black striations 19. driolaius, p. 192. 
) with black cross-bars 20. radiatzis, p. 192. 
1. Bucco collaris. 
Bucco capensfc, Linn. 8. N. i. p. 168 ; Gmel. 8. JV. i. p. 406. 
Barbu a collier de Cayenne, Daub. PI. Enl. 395. 
Le Tamatia a collier, Buff. Hist. Nat. vii. p. 97; Leva ill. Ois. de 


Par. ii. p. 97, t. 42. 
Bucco collaris, Lath. Lid. Orn. I p. 202; Vieill. Wouv, Diet. iii. 

p. 240 ; id. fine. Meth. p. 1420 ; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; 
Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. 47; 8cl. Ann. N. II. ser. 2, xiii. p. 356; 
id. Syn. Bucc. p. 7 ; id. P. Z. S. 1854, p. 110, 1855, p. 196; id. 
Oat. A. B. p. 268; id. Monoyr. Jae. and Puff-bds. p. 61, pi. xix. ; 
Pelz. Sitz. Ah. Wien} xx. p. 510; id. Orn. Bras. p. 22; Cab. et 
Rein. Mus. Rein, iv. p. 148; Scl. et 8ah. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 582, 
751,1873, p. 294; iid. Nomencl. p; 105; 8alv. Ibis, 1886, p. 02 
(Brit. Guiana); Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 123. 
Collared Barbet, Lath. Gen. Hist. iii. p. 218. 

Capito collaris, Way I. 8yst. Av. Capito, sp. 3 ; Tsch. Faun. Per., 
Aves, p. 259; Bp. Consp. i. p. 146; id. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13; 
Burm. 8yst. JJeb. ii. p. 287. 

Tamatia 
-collaris, Less. Tr. dOrn. p. 167; Rahn u. Kiist. Vog. aus 
Asien, Lief. iii. t. 5. 

1 . TJTTCCo. 
181 
Above bright rusty red, crossed with black linear bands except 

on the sides of the head; dorsal band black; wings blackish; 

coverts, external secondaries, and tail like the back : beneath white, 

abdomen washed with ochraeeous; pectoral band black• bill orange-

red, culmen blackish ; feet brown : whole length 7 inches, wing 3-2, 

tail 6, bill from gape 1*4. Female similar. 

Hah. Guiana and Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. S. America. 
Purchased. 
b, c. 
<$ $ ad. sk. Barlica Grove, Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
( Whitehj). 

d. 
S ad. sk. Roraima, Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman ColJ. 
{Whitely). 
e. Irnm. sk. Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
/ . $ ad. sk. Marabitanos, Rio Negro Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Naiterer). 

g. Ad. sk. Lower Amazons ( Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/?. 
2 a(*-sk. Chvavetas, E. Peru (Bart-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
lett). 

i. $ ad. sk. Yqnito^ E, Peru (Whitely). Sclater Coll. 
h. 
$ ad. sk. Loreto-yacu, E. Peru (Haw-Sclater Coll. 
well). 
1. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons. II. W. Bates [C.]. 
m. Jr. sk. Upper Amazons (Bates). Purchased. 
n-p. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2. Bucco macrorhynchus. 
Barbu a gros bee de Ca}Teime, Daub. PI Enl. 089. 
Le plus grand Tamatia noir et blanc, Buff. Hist. Nat. vii. p. 90. 
Greater Pied Barbet, Lath. Syn. i. p. 498; id. Gen. Hist. Hi. p. 220. 
Bucco macrorkynchos, Gm. 8. N. i. p. 406; Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 203 ; 


Viedl. Nouv. Diet. iii. p. 240 j id. Dm. Metk p. 1420 ; Gray, List 

Fiss. B. M. p. 47. 
Tamatia a plastron noir, Leva ill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 92, t. 39. 
Capito macrorhynchus, Wagl. 8yst. AD. Capito, sp. 1; Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 146. 
Tamatia macrorhynchus, Less. Tr. dJOrn. p. 107; Bp. Consp. Vol. 
Zyg. p. 13. 
Cyphos macrorhynchus, Strickl. Ann. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 418, 
Bucco macrorhynchus, Gray et Mitch. Qen. B. i. p. 74; Cab. in 

Schomb. Guian. iii. p. 719;' Set P. Z. S.1855, p. 190; id. Cat. A. B. 

p. 209; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 05, pi. xx.; Peh. Sits. Ak. 
Wienf xx. p. 511; id. Orn. Bras. p. 21; Sol. et Solo. Nomenel. p. 105; 
Bah. Ibis, 1880, p. 62 (Brit. Guiana) ;< Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 123. 
Notharckus macrorhj nclius, Cab. et Hein. Mm. Hein. iv. p. 351. 

Above black; narrow front and nape-band and slight edgings to 
feathers of the back and scapulars white: beneath white; broad 
breast-band black; flanks barred with white and black; belly slightly 
tinged with fulvous ; inner webs of wing-feathers white; under 
wing-coverts black; bill black• feet brown: whole length 8-5 inches, 
wing 4*1, tail 3, bill from gape 1*7. Female similar. 

Hah. Guiana, Cayenne, and Lower Amazonia. 

182 BTTCCONTDJE. 
a. Ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk. 
Cayenne. 
British Guiana. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
c. d. $ ad. sk.
e-6 P-; / . S 
Roraima, Brit. Guiana (Whitely). 
Oamacusa, Brit. Guiana 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.sk.
g. J jr. sk. 
(Whitely). 
Merumg Mts., Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitely). 

3. Bucco dysoni 
Capito macrorhynchus, Tsch. Faun. Per., Aves, p. 259. 
Bucco macrorhynchus, Scl. P. Z.S. 1854, p. 110. 
Tamatia gigas, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Bucco dysoni, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 193; id. Cat. A. B. p. 269; id. 


Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 67, pi. xxi.; Scl. et Salv. Ibis, 1860, 

p. 40; iid. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 363; iid. Nomencl p. 105 ; Later. Ann. 
Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 318 ; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 201; id. Ibis, 1872, 
p. 322 (Nicaragua) ; Nutting, Pr. U. S. JY. 31 v. p. 401 (Costa 
Rica); Tacz. et Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 118 (Ecuador). 
Bucco leucocrissus, Scl P. Z. S. 1860, p. 284; id. Cat. A. B. p. 209. 
Bucco napensis, Scl. Cat. A. B. p. 269. 
Notharchus dysoni, Cab. et Hem. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 149. 
Notliarchus albicrissus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 151. 
Notharchus napensis, Cab. et Hem. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 152. 

Similar to B. macrorhynchus, but with the white front wider, and 
without the fulvous tinge on the belly. 
Hab. Central America, Colombia, Ecuador, and Upper Amazonia. 

a,b. c? S ad. sk. Cayo, Brit. Honduras (Blan-Salvin-Godman Coll. 

caneaux). 

c. Ad. sk. Vera Paz (Constancia). Sclater Coll. 
d,e. S 
S ad. sk. Escuintla, Guatemala (Salvin Salvin-Godman Coll. 
8f Godman). 

/. Ad. sk. Honduras. 
E. Dyson [CA 

g. Ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua (Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. S ad. sk. Mina de Chorcha, Chiriqui Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Arce). 

i. <$ ad. sk. Bugaba,'Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k. 
cT ad. sk. Lion-Hill Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(IfeLeannan). 
I. Ad. sk. Chepo, Panama (Arce). 0. Salvin, Etoq. rp.l 
m. Ad. sk. Panama. 
Sclater Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. Bogota. 
Sclater Coll. 
o. Ad. sk. Bogota. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. 
Ad. sk. Bio Napo, Ecuador (BuckSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
ley). 
a. Ad. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador. Gould Coll. 
r. 
Ad. sk. Rio Napo, Ecuador. Sclater Coll. (Type 
of B. napensis.) 
s-u. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
v,w. (J $ ad. sk. Babahoyo, Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll. (Types 
of B. leucoaHssm.) 

x, y. Ad. sk. Balzar Mts., Ecuador (Illing-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
wortJi). 

z. <$ ad. sk. Upper Amazons (Wallace), Sclater Coll. 
1 . BTJCC0. 183 
4. Bucco hyperrhynchus. 
Bucco macrorkynchus, Scl Ann. Nat. Hist, ser. 2, xiii. p. 357; id. 

Syn. JBuee. p. 7. 
Tamatia liyperrhynchus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13 (1854). 
Bucco kyperrhynckus, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 193, pi. cv., 1858, p. CO; 

id. Cat. A. B. p. 269; id. Monogr. Jae. and Puf-bds. p. 71, pi. 
xxli. ; Scl. et Sah. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 582, 1873, p. 295; iid. 
Nomencl p. 105; Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 391; Tacz. Orn. Per. 

iii. p. 125. 
Bucco (Capito) giganteus, Peh. Sitz. Ah Wien, xx. p. 511 (1856). 
Notharclius liyperrhynchus, Cab. et Ilein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 150. 
Bucco giganteus, Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 20. 
Above black ; broad front, extending up to the eyes, and narrow 
nuchal collar white; back and scapulars with very slight whitish 
margins: beneath white; broad pectoral band black; flanks 
barred with black and white• under wing-coverts black; inner 
webs of wing-feathers white; under surface of tail cinereous, with 
slight whitish ends to the tail-feathers; bill strong, long, black; 
feet dark brown : whole length 10*2 inches, wing 4*5, tail 3*3, 
bill 2*2. Female similar. 

Hah. Amazonia. 
This species is distinguished from the two preceding by its very 
large bill and the greater broadness of the white forehead. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk.
c. J ad. sk. 
Eastern Peru (llauvwell). 
Chamicuros, E. Peru. 
Para, Lower Amazons (LaySclater 
Coll. 
E. Bartlett [C."J. 
Sclater Coll. 
d. § ad.; e.
Ad. sk.
f. Ad. sk.
ard). 
Para, Lower Amazons (Layard). 
Para, Lower Amazons (Wallace). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk. 
Para, Lower Amazons. 
Pernambuco,Brazil (Craveri). 
Zool. Soc. Coll, 
Sclater Coll. 

r>. Bucco swainsoiii. 

Tamatia macrorhynchos, Sw. Zool III ser. 1, ii. pi. 99. 
Bucco swainsonii, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; id. List Fiss. B. M. 


p. 17; Sclater, Ann. NIL ser. 2, xiii. p. 358; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 8 ; id. 
P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196; id. Cat. A. B. p. 269 ; id. Monogr. Jae. and 
Puf-bds. p. 73, pi. xxiii.; Peh. Sitz. Ah. Wien, xx. p. 509; id. 
Om. Bras. p. 21; Set et Sah. Nomencl p. 105. 
Capito swainsoni, Bp. Consp. i. p. 146. 
Tamatia swainsoni, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. n. 13. 
Capito macrorhynchus, Burm. Syst. TJeb. ii. p. 283. 
Notharclius swainsoni, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hem. iv. p. 151; Cab. 


J. f. 0.1874, p. 227. 
Above black; narrow line along* the front and slight nuchal 
collar white : beneath, throat white, pectoral collar black ; abdomen 
fulvous; sides barred with black and white; bill black; feet 

184 BTJCCOITCDJE. 

brown: whole length 8-8 inches, wing 4, tail 3-2, bill from gape 1/5. 

Femal similar. 
Hal. S.E. Brazil. 
The narrow white frontal line and fulvous belly distinguish this 

species. 
a,b. Ad.st. S.E. Brazil. Purchased. 


e. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Sclater CoU. 
d. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Purchased. 
e,f. Ad. sk. Novo Eribourgo (Youds) Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. Skeleton. S.E. Brazil Eyton Coll. 
6. Bucco pectoralis. 
Bucco pectoralis, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74, pi. xzvi.; Gray, List 
Fiss. B. M. p. 47; Scl. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 858; id. 
Syn. Bucc. p. 8 j id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196 ; id. Monogr. Jac. and 
Puff-bds. p. 75, pi. xxiv.; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 464 
(Panama); Scl. et-Sah. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 363, et 1879, p. 536; 
iid. Nomencl. p. 105; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 374; Berl J.f. 0. 
1884, pp. 277, 315 (Bucaramanga). 

Capito pectoralis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 146. 
Tamatia pectoralis, Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 13. 

Above black, with slight bronzy tinge ; sides of head and slight 
nuchal collar white; feathers of lower back and scapulars slightly 
edged with white : beneath white; broad pectoral band extending 
over the sides of the neck up to the eye bronzy black; flanks 
barred with black and white; bill and feet black: whole length 
8 inches, wing 3*9, tail 3*2, bill from gape 1*5. 

Sab. Panama and Colombia. 
The wholly black front and the wide extension of the black 
breast-band render this a well-marked species. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Lion Hill Station, Panama Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Ad. sk.
(McLeannan). 
Panama (McLeannan). Sclater Coll. 
c. Ad. sk.
d. Ad. sk.
e. (S ad. sk.
f. Ad. sk. 
Chepo, Panama (Arce). 
Valley of Magdalena (Wyatt 
Antioquia (Salmon). 
S. America. 
). 
Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ('oil. 
Purchased. 
(Type of the species.) 

7. Bucco ordi. 
Bucco ordi, Cass. Proc. Ac. Wat. Sci. PMlad. 1851, p. 154, pi. 8; Scl 
Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 359; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 9; id. P. Z. S. 
1855, p. 196, et 1857, p. 262; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-luh. 
pi. 77, pi. xxv.; Pek. Sitz. Ah. Wien, xx. p. 510 ; id. Orn. Bras. 

p. 22; Scl et Salv. Nomencl p. 105. 
Tamatia ordi, Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 13. 
Notharclius ordi, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iy. p. 152. 
Above black, washed with bronzy on the back ; narrow frontal 

1. Biroco. 185 
band and nuchal collar white ; external secondaries and upper tail-
coverts slightly margined with white; tail black, with a medial 
band and narrow terminal band of white : beneath, throat and sides 
of neck white; pectoral band black, passing beneath into brownish 
chestnut; belly and crissum white, varied with black ; under wing-
coverts black; inner webs of wing-feathers at the base white; bill 
and feet black : whole length 7*8 inches, wing 3*4, tail 2*5, bill 

from gape 1*4. 
Hah. Amazonia. 
a. Ad. sk. Oyapock, Cayenne (?). Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Ega, Upper Amazons (Bates). Purchased. 

8. Bucco tectms. 
Barbu a poitriue noire de Cayenne, Daub. PL Enl. 688.fig. 2. 
Le plus petit Tamatia noiv et blanc, Buff. Iltst Nat. vii. p. 99. 
Bucco tectum, Bodd. Tabl. d. PL Enl. p. 43 ; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. 


i. p. 74; Gray, Lht Fiss. B. M. p. 47 ; Scl. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 
2, xiii. p. 359- id. Syn. Bucc. p. 9 ; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 190; id. 
Cat. A. B. p. 270; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 79, pL xxvi.; 
Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 582; iid. Nomencl. p. 105; Pels. 
Orn. Bras. p. 21; Layard, Ibis, 1878, p. 891 ; Salv. Ibis, 18bl>, 
p. 62 (Brit. Guiana). 
Bucco nielanoleucos, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. p. 406; Lath. Ind. Orn. i. 
p. 203; Vieill. Nouv. Diet iii. p. 241; Zicht. Doubl p. 8. 
Petit Tamatia a plastron noir, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 93, t. 40. 
Lester Pied Barbet, Path. Gen. Hist. iii. p. 220. 
Bucco melanoleucus, Vieill. Enc. MSth. p. 1420; Pelz. Sits. Al\ 
Wien, xx. p. 510. 
Tamatia melanoleucus, Less. Tr. d?Orn. p. 167. 
Capito melanoleucus, Wagl. Syst. Av. Capito, sp. 2; Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 146; id. Consp, Vol. Zyg. p. 13; Barm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 284. 
Notkriscus tectus, Cab. et Hein. Mas. Hem. iv. p. 146. 
Above black; spots on the head, stripe on each side through 
the eye, and narrow margins to the scapulars and upper tail-coverts 
white: beneath white; broad pectoral band black ; flanks barred 
with black and white; tail black, with a white median bar and 
broad terminal spots on the lateral rectrices; bill and feet black : 
whole length 6 inches, wing 2-9, tail 2*1, bill from the gape 1. 
Female similar. 

Hal. Guiana, Cayenne, Lower Amazonia, and N,E. Brazil. 

a <$ ad. sk. Camacusa, Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Whitely). 

b. <$ ad.; e, d. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad.sk. (Whitely). 
e. Ad. sk. Cayenne. H. C. Rothery [P.], 
f. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
"g. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Purchased. 
k Ad. sk. Pemambuco, Brazil (Craven). Sclater Coll. 
I J ad.sk. Taxi, (Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
186 
BUCCONTDJE. 

ft, I 6 ? ad. sk. Para (Layard). Tweeddale Coll. 

m. Ad. sk. Para. R. Graliam [P.]. 
n, o. Ad. sk. S. America Purchased. 
9. Bucco picatus. 
Bucco picatus, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 194; id. Man. Jac. and Pivffbds. 
p. 81; Scl. et Salu. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 295 (E. Peru); ml 
Nomencl p. 105 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. Peru); id. Orn. 
Per. iii. p. 124. 

Nothriscus picatus, Cab. et Rein. Mus. Rein. iv. p. 140. 

Similar to B. teetus, but rather larger; black colour more 
intense, and six middle rectrioes without white spots. 
TIcib. Upper Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. Iluallaga r., Upper Amazons Gould Coll. 
(Rauxioell). (Type of the species.) 
b. § ad.sk. Saroiria, Upper Amazons Sab in-Godman Coll. 
(Ravxwell). 
c. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
10. Bucco subtectus. 
Bucco subtectus, Mater, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 290; id. Cat. A. B. 
p. 270; id. Monocjr. Jac. and Puffi-bds, p. 83, pi. xxvii.: 861. et 
8ah. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 303, 1879, p. 536; iid. Nomencl.^. 100: 
Tacz. et Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, pp. 118,123 (Ecuador). 
Bucco tectus, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. K. Y. vii. p. 318. 
Nothribcus subtectus, Cab. et Rein. Miis. Rein. iv. p. 147. 


Similar to B. tectus, but hinder part of cap unspotted; pectoral 
collar narrower, and general size rather smaller. 
Rob, Western Ecuador, Northern Colombia, and Yeragua. 


a. <$ ad. sk. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater CoU. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. <$ ad. sk. Nichi, Antioquia (Salmon). Sclater CoU. 
c. <$ ad. sk. Nichi, Antioquia (Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. e. S 
ad.; / . Lion Hill Station, Panama Salvin-Godman CoU. 
§ ad. sk. (McLeannan). 
g. Ad. sk. Panama. 
Salvin-Godman CoU. 
h. Ad. sk. Panama (McLeannan). Sclater Coll. 
u $ ad. sk. Veragua (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
11. Bucco macrodactylus. 
Cyphos 
macrodactylus, Spix, Av. Bras. i. p. 61, pi. 39. fig. 2 ; Bp. 
Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Capito cyphos, Wagl. Syst. Av. Capito, sp. 4; Tsch. Faun. Per., Aves, 

p. 259. 
Tamatia macrodactylus, Less. Tr. d'Orn. p. 1G8. 
Capito macrodactylus, Bp. P. Z. S. 1837, p. 119 ; id. Consp. i. p. 146; 
Burm. 8yst. deb. ii. p. 285, 

1 . BTJCGO. 
187 
Bucco rnacrodactylus, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Sclater, Ann. 

N. H. ser. 2, xiii. p. 364; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 14; id. P. Z. S. 1855. 
pp. 136,196,1857, p. 261, et 1858, p. 60; id. Cat. A. B. p. 271; 
id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-hds. p. 85, pi. xxviii.; Pelz. Site. Ah. 
Wien, xx. p. 510; id. Orn. Bras. p. 22 ; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, 
p. 192,1867, p. 751, et 1873, p. 295 ; iid. Nome?icl p. 106 ; Tacz. 
P. Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. Peru) ; id. Orn. PSr. iii. p. 128: Berl. 
J.f. 0.1889, p. 308. 
Argicus macrodactylus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Eein. iv. p. 148. 
Above coffee-brown; back and wing-coverts speckled with 
ochraceous; narrow front ochraceous; cap ferruginous; superciliary 
stripe white; sides of head black, bordered beneath by a white 
stripe: beneath, throat ochraceous; broad guttural band black; 
belly pale fulvous, crossed by numerous irregular fine bars of 
brown ; bill and feet black : whole length 6'2 inches, wing 2*5, tail 
2*4, bill 1-1. Female similar. 

Hah. Upper Amazonia, Ecuador, and Colombia. 

This is quite a distinct species, easily recognizable by its ferruginous 
cap and the position of the black band high up on the 
throat. 

a. $ ad. sk. Elvira, E. Peru (Hauxivell). Sclater Coll. 
b. 2 
ad. sk. Loreto-yacu, E. Peru (Haitx- Sclater Coll. 
well). 
c. d. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, E. Peru (Whitely). Sclater Coll. 
e. J . ad. sk. Chyavetas, E. Peru (Bartlett). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godruan Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. Bogota. 
Sclater Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Bogota. 
Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
h, I Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
m. Ad. sk. S. America. 
Sclater Coll. 
12. Bucco ruficollis. 
Capito ruficollis, Wagl. Isis, 1829, p. 658; Bp. Consp. i. p. 146. 
Tamatia gularis, d'Orb.et Lafr. Pev. Zool 1838, p. 166. 
Bucco ruficollis, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Scl. Ann. Nat. 


Mist ser. 2, xiii. p. 360; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 10, pi. 1; id. P. Z. S. 
1855, p. 190; id. Cat. A. B. p. 270; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-
Ids. p. 89, pi. xxix.; Cassin, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1860, p. 134; Scl. 
et Salv. P. Z. S.1870, p. 781; iid. Nomencl. p. 106; Wyatt, Ibis, 
1871, p. 374; Scdv. et Godm. Ibis, 1880, p. 175; Berl. J.f O. 
1884, p. 318 (Bucaramanga). 

Capito gularis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 146. 
Chaunomis ruficollis, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Hypnehis ruficollis, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 144. 


Above brown, varied on the back with dirty white spots and 
blotches; front and narrow nuchal band ochraceous; sides of head 
white: beneath dirty white; throat rufous; breast crossed by a 
well-defined black collar; flanks slightly barred with blackish; 
bill black; feet dark brown : whole length 8 4 inches, wing 3-5, 
tail 1*6. Female similar. 

188 
BTTCOOyi DiE. 

Uab. Northern Colombia. 
The large size and rufous throat render this species easily dis


tinguishable. 
a. Ad. sk. Santa Marta, U. S. C. Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Santa Marta, U. S. C. Sclater Coll. 
<?. Ad. sk. Savanilla, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk. 
Ocana, U.S. 0.
Valle Dupar,
(Simons). 
(Wyatt). 
U. S. C. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

18. Bucco bicinctus. 
Tamatia bicincta, Gould, P. Z. S. 1836, p. 80. 
Tamatia bitorquata, Sic. An. in Menag. p. 327. 
Bucco bicinctus, Gray et Mitch Gen. B. i. p. 74; Gray, Lfct Fiss. 


B. M. p. 48; Sclater, Ann. K. H. ser. 2, xiii. p. 361 ; id. Si/n. 
Bucc. p. 11, pi. 2; id P. Z. S. 18-35, p. 196; id. Cat. A.'B. 
p. 271; id. Monoc/r. Jac. and Puff-Ids. p. 91, pi. xxx.; Sol. et 
Sah. P.Z.S. 1868, pp. 168, 628; iid. Nomencl. p. 106; Berl 
Ibis, 1884, p. 435 (Orinoco). 
Capito bicincta, Bp. Consp. i. p. 146. 
Chaimornis bicincta, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Hypnelub bicinctus, Cab. et Hein. litis. Hein. iv. p. 143. 


Above brown, with numerous fulvous spots and blotches; wings 
and tail blackish brown, with slight fulvous edgings; lores and 
auricular plumes white: beneath pale ochraceons, with a broader 
(higher) and a narrower (lower) breast-band of black; flanks 
crossed by irregular black bars; bill and feet black: whole length 
8 inches, wing 3*5, tail 3-2, bill 1*5. Female similar. 
Ilab. Venezuela. 

The double-banded breast at once distinguishes this species, 
which is otherwise nearly allied to B. rvficottis. 

a. Ad. sk. Venezuela. 
Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Venezuela. 
E. Dyson [0.1 
c. Ad. sk. Venezuela. Zool."Soc. Coll. 
d-f. Ad. sk. Venezuela. Sclater Coll. 
(/." $ ad. sk. Pilar, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-GodmMi C< 11. 
h. 
Ad. sk. San Esteban, Venezuela Salvin-Godinan C».ll. 
(Goering). 
14. Bucco tamatia. 
Le Tamatia, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vii. p. 94. 
Barbti a ventre tachete* de Cayenne, Daub. PL Enl. 746. fig. 1. 
Bucco tamatia, Gmel. S. N. i. p. 40o ; Lath. Ind. Orn. i, p. 201 ; 
Vieill Nouv. Diet. hi. p. 241; id. Bnc. Metlt. p. 1421 ; id. Gal 
Ois. i. p. 21, t. 34 ; Licht. Doubl. p. 8 ; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. 

p. 74; Cab. in Sclwmb. Guian. iii. p. 719; Gray, List Fi*s. B. M. 
p. 48; Sol. Ann. JSat. Hist. ^er. 2, xiii. p. 300; id. Si/n, Bucc. 
p. 10; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196: id. Cat. A. B. p. 270; 'id. 
Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 93, pi. xxxi. fig. 1 : Teh. Sitz. Ak. 
Wien, xx. p. 509; id. Orn. Bras. p. 22; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 
1. BUOCO. 
189 
1867, p. 582 j iid. NbmencL p. 100 j Salv. Ibis, 1880, p. 03 (Brit. 

Guiana). 

Tamatia a gorge rou&be, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 95, t. 41. 

Taruatia macuiata, Cm. Man. An. i. p. 429 : Swains. Eds. Brazil, 

pi. 11. 
Spotted-bellied Barbet, Lath. Gen. Hist. iii. p. 215. 
Capito tamatia, Way I. Syst. Av. Capito, sp. 0 ; Bp. Consj). Vol. Zyy. 

p. 13; Barm. Syst. ifeh. ii. p. 280. 
Nyctactes tamatia, Strickl. Ann. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 418. 
Chaunornis tamatia, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 13 (1841); Cab. et Ilein. 
Mas. Hein. iv. p. 144. 
Tamatia tamatia, Bp. Consp.i. p. 140. 
Chaunornis hypnalea, Cab. et Hein. Mas. Hein.iv. p. 145. 


Above sooty brown, more or less obscurely marked with transverse 
rufous bands ; front and eyebrow rufous; line below the 
eyes and narrow nape-band white: beneath, throat pale ferruginous, 
sides of neck black; abdomen ochraceous, thickly covered 
by squarish black spots: whole length 0-2 inches, wing 3, tail 
2*4, bill 1*3. Female similar. 

Hah. Cayenne, Guiana, and Lower Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. S. America. 
Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
H. C. Botliery [P.], 
c. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
Sclater Coll. 
d. Ad. bk. Cayenne. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e,f. 
<$ ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana Sclater Coll. 
(Wliitely). 

(j. $ 
ad.; h, i 5 Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad.; k. tf jr. &k. ( Wliitely). 
I. S 
&d. sk.' Camacusa, Brit. Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Wliitely). 
m. Ad. sk. Rio Negro (Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. Capini River, L. Amazons Sclater Coll. 
(Wallace). 
o. Ad. sk. Lower Amazons (Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll 
15. Bucco pulmentum. 
Tamatia ^Nyctactes) pulmentum, Bp. et Yerr. MS. 
Bucco pulmentum, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1855, p. 194, pi. 100, et lb57, 


p. 202; id. Cat. A i?. p. 270 ; id. Monogr. Jac. and Papbds. p. 97, 
pi. xxxi. tig. 2 ; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 295; iid. Nomencl. 
p. 106; Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 120. 
Chaunornis pulmentum, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 146. 
Similar to B. tamatia, but front of a rather deeper ferruginous, 
and spots on the belly darker and more numerous. 
Hah. Upper Amazonia and Ecuador. 

a. Ad. sk. E. Peru. 
Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. E. Peru. 
Purchased. 
c. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons. Sclater Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
d e. Ad, sk. Chamicuros, E. Peru (Bartlett). Sclater Coll. 

190 
BTrCCONIDJS. 

/. Ad. sk. Ckainicuros, E. Peru. E. Bartlett [C.]. 

g. Ad. sk. Cliainicurobj E. Peru {Bartlett). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Ckainicuros, E. Peru. Gould Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
k, l Ad. fak. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m. Ad. sk. ? 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
16. Bucco macnlatns. 
Ispida brasiliensis nsevia, Briss. Orn. Iv. p. 524. 
Alcedo inaculata, Gmel. S. N.i. p. 45] ; Lath. 2nd. Orn. i. p. 258. 
Tamatia tamajac, LevailL Prom, et Guep. Suppl. p. 44, t. F ; Less, 


Tr. d'Orn. p. 168. 
Bucco sornnolentus, IAcht. Dowbl. p. 8. 
Capito maculatus, Wagl. Syst. Av. Capito, sp. 7; Burm. Syst. TJeb. 

ii. p. 289. 
Tamatia somnolenta, Sw. B. of Brazil, t. 9. 
Bucco maculatus, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Gray, Liht 
Fiss. B. M. p. 48; Scl. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. 303; id. 
Syn. Bucc. p. 18; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196; id. Cat A. B. p. 271; 
id. Monogr. Jac. and Puf-bds. p. 99, pi. xxxii.; Scl. et Sab. 
Nomencl. p. 106; BerL J.f. 0. 1887, p. 133 (Paraguay); Scl. et 
Muds. Arg. Orn. ii. p. 30. * 

Tamatia maculatus, Bp. Contp. i. p. 147. 
Nyctastes maculatus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Nystalus maculatus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 139. 


Above blackish, spotted with ochraceous brown; lores, snperciliarios, 
and nuchal collar einnamomeous ; tail black, with numerous 
narrow ochraceous cross-bars : beneath, chin white ; fore neck clear 
einnamomeous ; belly white, upper part and flanks spotted with 
black; bill bright red, culminal ridge and tip blackish: whole 
length 8 inches, wing 3*2, tail 2*8, bill 1*7. Female similar. 

Hah. S.E. Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Pernainbuco, Brazil {Forbes). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Pernambuco, Brazil (Forbes). Sclater Coll. 
d-h. Ad. sk. Baliia (Wucherer). Salvin-Godmau Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Baliia. 
Sclater Coll. 
k. Ad. sk. Baliia. Tweeddale Coll. 
l-o. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
p. 
S ad. sk. Kio Claro, Goyaz, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Joyner). 
q. $ ad. sk. Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(H. H. Smith). 
17. Bucco striatipectus. 
Scl et Salv. Nomencl. p. 106; iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 633. 
u Nyctastes namniulatus, Verr.? Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Bucco maculatus, Pelz. Sitz. AJc. Wien, xx. p. 509; id. Orn. Bras. 

p. 22. 
Nystalus striatipectus, Cab. et Hein. Mm. Hein. iv. p. 140. 
1 . BUCCO. 
m 

Similar to B. umeulatus, but belly-spots passing into long black 
striatums. 
Hab. Bolivia and interior of Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. Bolivia. P. L. Sclater [P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. Bolivia. Sclater Coll. 
18. Bucco diacuru. 
El Chacuru, Azara, Aptmt. ii. p. 330. 
Bucco chacuru, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. iii. p. 239 ; id. Mm. Meth. 

p. 1420 (ex Azara, no. 261); Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74: 
Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. 48; Sclater, Ann. N. H. ser. 2, xiii' 
p. 362 ; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 12• id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 19G; id. Cat. A, 
B. p. 271 j id. Monogr. Jaa. and Puff-hds. p. 103, pi. xxxiv.; Peh 
tiitz. Ak. Wien, xx. p. 508 • Reinh. Fuqhf. Camp. Bras. p. 120 
Sol. et Sah. Nomencl. p. 106; iid. P. Z. S.1879, p. 633 ; Bed. J. f. O, 
1887, pp. 23,121 (Paraguay); Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 129: Berl 
J.f. 0.1889, p. 808. 
Gapito inelanotis, Temm. PI. Col. 94; Wagl. Syst Av. Capito, sp. 5 : 
Max. Beitr. iv. p. 359 • Tsch. Faun. Per.. Orn. p. 259; Burm. tSyst. 
Ueh. ii. p. 287. 

Bucco strigilatus, Licht. Doubl p. 8. 
Tamatia melanotis, Less. Tr. dSOrn. p. 167. 
Capito chacuru, Strichl, Ann. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 418 * Hart I. Syst. hid. 


Azara, p. 17. 
Tamatia leucotis, Sw. Orn. Br. pi. 10. 
Bucco leucotis, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74. 
Tamatia chacuru, Bp. Consp. i. p. 146. 
Tamatia leucotis, Bp. Comp, i. p. 147. 
Nyctastes chacuru, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Nystalus chacuru, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hem. iv. p. 141. 

Above brown, varied and cross-banded with irregular black lines 
and spots; head darker ; sides of head black• lores, superciliaries, 
and nuchal collar white ; tail blackish, with numerous rufous cross-
bands : beneath white, with more or less ochraceous tinge; flanks 
barred with black ; bill red; feet brown : whole length 7*7 inches, 
wing 3*3, tail 2*9, bill 1*4. Female similar. 

Hab. Southern Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia. 

a. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Ld. Stuart de Rotheb. 
Ad. sk. Rio, Brazil.
say [P.]. 
Sclater Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Brazil Sclater Coll. 
d. e. Ad. sk.
/ . S ad. sk.
y. Ad. sk.
hf i Ad. sk.; h 
Bahia, Brazil (Wu 
Sao Paulo, Brazil 
Bio Claro, Goyaz(Joyner). 
Chapada, Mattoch 
(J, Brazilerer).
oyner). 
Grosso (if. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c? ad. sk.
L m. Ad. sk.
n. Skeleton. 
H. Smith). 
Tilotilo, Yungas,
{Buckley), 
Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 

192 BUCC0TSTD.3E. 

19. Bucco striolatus. 
Bucco (Oapito) striolatus, Felz. Sitz. Ak. Wien, xx. p. 509. 
Nystalus striolatus, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Rein, iv. p. 140. 
Bucco striolatus, Scl. et Salv. Ri\ Orn. p. 153, t. lxxvii.; iid. Xomenel. 


p. 105; Scl. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 107, pi. xxxv.,* Peh. 
Orn. Bras. p. 22. 
Above brownish black, with numerous irregular ochraceous crobsbands 
and spots; broad nape-band ochiaceous; lore* and blight 
superciliaries whitish; chin while; bides of the head and breast 
deep ochraceous, with distinct black striations., which are continued 
oyer the upper portion and sides of the white abdomen : tail blackish 
brown, with numerous ochraceous cross-bars : bill blackish, lower 
mandible yellowish at the base : whole length 7*5 inches, wing ;>#, 
tail 3*1, bill 1*6. Female similar. 

Rah. Interior of Brazil and Eastern Ecuador. 

The well-defined linear striations on the sides of the head and 
lower surface at once distinguish this species. The specimens from 
Ecuador are rather darker on the head and upper back, but not 
otherwise different. 

a. 2 ad. sk. Matto Grosso, Brazil (Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
b. $ ad. sk. Ohapada,Matto Grosso {II. R. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Smith). 
c. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Xungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
{Buckley). 
d. Ad. sk.
e. Ad. sk. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

20. Bucco radiatus. 
Bucco radiatus, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 122, pi. 50, et 1855, pp. 136, 
196 ; id. Ann. N. R. ser. 2, xiii. p. 361; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 11; id. 
Cat A. B. p. 271; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 109, pi. 
xxxvi.; Scl. et Sab. Nomencl. p. 106; iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 536; 
Pelzeln, Ibis, 1875, p. 330; Bed. et Tacz. P.Z.S. 1883, p. 572 

(W. Ecuador). 
Capito ruficervix, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Nystalus radiatus, Cab. et Rem. Mus. Rein. iv. p. 141. 
Above chestnut-brown, transversely barred with black; nuchal 
collar and sides of head pale fulvous, with narrow black cross-bands; 
lores whitish; occiput and top of back blacker : beneath dirty white 
or pale ochraceous ; fore neck, breast, and flanks traversed by more 
or less numerous narrow black bars; wings and tail bright chestnut-
red, crossed by numerous black bands ; bill plumbeous; feet brown : 
whole length 7*8 inches, wing 3*5, tail 2*9, bill 1*4. Female 
similar. 
Hab. Colombia, Veragua, and Ecuador. 

The narrow black cross-bars on the neck and breast distinguish 
this species from the two preceding ones. 

2 . MALACOPTILA. 10ft 
a. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk.
c. d. Ad. sk. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). 
Balzar Mts., Ecuador. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll, 
/ . Ad. sk.
g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. st.
i, k. Ad. sk.
I. Ad. sk.
m. Ad. sk.
n. $ ad. sk.
o. § ad. sk.
p. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
Bogota. 
Bogota. 
Bogota. 
Remedios, Antioquia (Salmon). 
Remedios, Antioquia (Salmon). 
Niehi, Antioquia (Salmon). 
Nichi, Antioquia (Salmon). 
Panama.
(Type of the species.) 
Sclater Coll. 
Purchased. 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. Veragua (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. S. America. Purchased. 

2. MALACOPTILA. 
Type. 
Malacoptila, Gray, List of Gen. p. 13 (1841) M. fusca. 
Malacoptila, according to the limits I have assigned to it in my 

Monograph, embraces seven species distributed over the mainland 
of the Neotropical Region from Guatemala to S.E. Brazil. The 
genus is nearly allied to Buceo, but distinguished by its weaker and 
more incurved bill, and rather longer and more rounded tail. 

Key to the Species. 

A. 
Pectoral spot white; no band beneath. 
j Cap blackibh, striated with fulvous ... . 1. fusca, p. 193. 
) Cap cinereous, striated with white ... . 2. nrfa, p. 194. 
B. 
Pectoral spot white, with a black band 
beneath 3. torquata, p. 195. 
C. No pectoral spot: throat rufous. 
a. Cap not distinctly striated. 
I Breast striated 4. panamensis, p. 196. 
I Breast almost uniform. 5. inornata, p. 197. 
b. Cap distinctly striated. 
j Belly strongly striated 0. fuhigidaris, p. 198. 
I Belly indistinctly striated , 7. subsb'iata, p. 198. 
1. Malacoptila fusca. 
White-breasted Barbet, Lath. Syn. i. p. 505; id. Gen. Hist. iii. 
p. 219. 
Bucco fuscus, Gmel. S.N. i. p. 408; Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 206; 
Vieill Now. Bid. iii. p. 239; id. Enc. MUh. p. 1419. 
Le Tamatia brun, Levaitt. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 99, t. 43. 
Lypornix torquata (jun.), Wagl. Syst. Av. Lypornix, sp. 4. 
Tamatia fusca, Less. Tr. d'Orn. p. 168. 
Malacoptila fusca, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 13; Scl. Ann. Nat. Hist. 

ser. 2, xiii. p. 474; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 15 ; id. P. Z. S. 1855, pp. 136, 
196 ; id. Cat. A. B. p. 272 ; id. Monogr. Jac. andPuff-bds. p. Ill, 
pi. xxxvii.; Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 13 ; Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. 

iv. p. 132; Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 583, 752,1873, p. 295; 
VOL. XIX. 0 
194 BUCCONIDJE. 

iid. Nomenol p. 106; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. Peru) 5 id. 
Orn. Per. iii. p. 131. 
Munasa fusea, Graif et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Gray, List Flss. B. 

M. p. 49; Bp. Consp. i. p. 147 ; Strickl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 43 ; 
Pelz. Sitz. Ak. Wien, xx. p. 513; id. Orn. Bras. p. 23. 
Monasa uuitorijues, Da Bus, Bull. Ac. Brux. xiv. pt.2, p. 107; Lafr. 
Bev.Zoul. 1848, p. 248. 
Malacoptila inomata, Set. P. Z. S.1855, p. 198 (err.). 
Malacoptila nigrifusca, 8cl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 195: id. Cat. A. B. 

p. 272. 
Malacoptila unitorques, 8cl. P.Z.8. 1858, p. GO; id. Cat. A. B. 
p. 272. 
Malacoptila nigritorques, Cab. et Plein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 132. 
Above brown, cap darker; all the leathers with fulvous shaft-
stripes ; lores white: wings and tail nearly uniform externally: 
beneath as above, but paler; broad band across the upper breast 
white; middle of belly whitish; bill horn-colour, yellowish at the 
base; feet brown : whole length 6*3 inches, wing 3*5, tail 2*4, bill 
from gape 1*2. Female similar. 


Hah. Guiana, Colombia, Ecuador, and Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
d. Ad. sk. Peruvian Amazons. Sclater Coll. 
e. <$ ad. sk. Gkyavctas, Peruvian Amazons Salvin-Godman Coll 
(Bartlett). 
f. (S ad. sk. Chainicuros, Peru. Sclater Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Bucldey). Sclater Coll. 
h, i. Ad. sk.; k. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-liodnian Coll. 
Pull. sk. 
I Ad. sk. Eio Negro (Wallace). Salvin-Godman Coll 

m. Ad. sk. Lower Amazon^ ( Wallace). Purcka&ecl. 
n. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons (Bates). Purchased. 
0. Ad. sk. Demerara River. J. T. Quelch, Esq. 
[P.]. 
2. Malacoptila rofa. 
Bucco rufus, 8pu; A v. Bras. i. p. 52, t. 40. fig. 1; Halm, Or a. Ail. 

Bucco, t. 4. 
Lypornix rufa, Way I. 8yst. Ac. Lypornix, sp. 5. 
Capito senilis, Tsch. Faun. Per., Aves, p. 259. 
Monasa ruia, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Gray, List Fiss. B. M. 

p. 50: Bp. Consp. i. p. 147 • Peh. Sitz. Ak. Wien, xx. p. 513; id. 
Om. Bras, p. 23. 
Malacoptila rufa, Scl. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 475; id. 8yn. 
Bucc. p. 15; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196; id. Cat. A. B. p. 272; id. 
Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 115, pi. xxxviii.; Cab. et Hein. Mas. 
Hein. iv. p. 130; Scl et Salv. P. Z. S.1867, p. 583, et 1873, p. 295; 
iid. Nomencl. p. 106; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 548, et 1882, p. 44 
(Peru); id. Orn. PSr. iii. p. 130. 

Scotocharis rufa, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 

Above rufous; wings and tail brown, with edgings like the back; 
cap cinereous, with narrow white shaft-stripes; front, sides of head, 

2 . MAIACOPTILA. 
195 

and nape orange-rufous: beneath pale fulvous ; middle of belly 
nearly white; broad pectoral band clear -white, bordered by a slight 
black margin beneath ; under wing-coverts white ; bill dark horncolour, 
yellowish at the base : whole length 7 inches, wing 3*5, 
tail 2-6. Female similar. 

Ilab. Amazonia and N. Brazil. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Para, Lower Amazons. II. Graham [P.]. 

c. J ad. &k. Para ( Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Pernambuco, Brazil (Craven). Sclater Coll. 
f. Ad.sk. Upper Amazons (Bartlett). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons (Bates), Purchased. 
h. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons (Bates). Sclater Coll. 
3. Malacoptila torquata. 
Bucco torquatus, Hahn u. Kiist. Yog. aus Asien, Lief. xiii. p. 2, t. 5. 
Bucco fu&eus, LieM. Dotibl. p. 8. 
Bucco striate, Spix, Av. Bras. i. p. 52, t. xl. fig. 2; Sahn, Orn. 


Atlas, Bucco, no. 5. 
Monasa fusca, Bp. Joiirn, Acad. Bhilad. iv. p. 370; id. Consp. i. 

p. 147 ; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74 (part.) ; DiiBus, Bull. Ac. 
Brux. xiv. pt. 2, p. 107; Gray, List Fiss. B. M. p. 49; Burm. 
Syst. TJeb. ii. p. 290. 
Lypornix torquata, Wagl. Syst. Av. Lypornix, sp. 4. 
Oapito fuscus, Max. Beitr. iv. p. 304. 
Capito striaius, Dubois, Orn. Gal. p. 34, t. 22. 
Lypornix striata, Sw. Orn. Br. pi. 34. 
Monasa torquata, Strickl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 43 j Pelz. Sitz. Ah. 


Wien, xx. p. 512; id. Orn. Bras. p. 23. 

Malacoptila 
torquata, Scl. Ann. Wat. Mist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 475; id. 
Syn. Biwc. p. 1G; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196; id. Cat. A. B. p. 272; 
id. Monoqr. Jac. and Buff-bds. p. 117, pi. xxxix.; Bp. Consp. Vol. 
Zyg. p. 13; Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 130; Scl. et Salv. 
Komencl. p. 106. 

Above dark brown; head, back, and wing-coverts covered with 
ferruginous stripes ; lores rufous ; rictal plumes mixed with white : 
beneath pale fulvous, more rufous on the throat and breast; broad 
pectoral band white, bordered beneath by a distinct black band; 
under wing-coverts rufous: whole length 9 inches, wing 3*8, tail 
3-9, bill from gape 1-3. Female similar. 

Eab. S.E. Brazil. 
The distinct black pectoral band beneath the broad white one at 
once distinguishes this species from the two preceding. 

a. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. Gould Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. 
c. $ ad. sk. 
Bahia, Brazil (Wucherer). 
Eio Claro, Goyaz, Brazil 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 
d. e. Ad. sk. 
(Joyner). 
Novo Etibourgo, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f-h. Ad. sk. 
(Youds). 
S.E. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
i~m. Ad. sk. 
n. Skeleton. 
o. Ad. sk. 
S.E. Brazil.
S.E. Brazil.
S. America. 
M. Claussen [P.]. 
Eyton Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
o2 

196 
BUCCONIDJE. 

4. Malacoptila panamensis. 
Malacoptila 
panamensis, Lafr. Mev. Zool 1847, p. 79; Scl. P. Z. S. 
1855, p. 196,1860, p. 297 ; id. Ami. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 478 ; 
id. Syn. Bucc. p. 18; id. Cat. A. B. p. 273 ; id. Monogr. Jac. and 
Puff-bds. p. 119, pi. xl.; Cass. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1860, p. 134; 
Cab. et llein. Mm. llein. iv. p. 134; Scl et Sah. P. Z. S. 1864, 

p. 363, 1879, p. 536; iid. Nomencl. p. 106; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, 
p. 201; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 333 ; Bouc. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 47: 
Berl. et Tacz. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 68 (Ecuador). 
Bucco panamensis, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. iii. x4pp. p. 4. 
Oapito panamensis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 146. 
Monasa mystacalis, Lafr. Bev. Zool. 1850, p. 215, t. 3. 
Malacoptila mystacalis, Scl. Ann. Nat. Mist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 477 ; id. 

Syn. Bucc. p. 18; id. P. Z. S. 1855, pp. ISO, 196; id. Cat. A. B. 

p. 273; Cab. et llein. MILS. llein. iv. p. 138; Scl. et Sah. Nomenci. 
p. 106; iid. P. Z. S. 1875, p. 237; Berl J. f. O. 1884, p. 315 
(Bucaramanga). 
Malacoptila aspersa, Scl. P. Z. S. 1853, p. 123; id. Ann. Nat. Hist. 
ser. 2, xiii. p. 477 ; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 17 ; id. P. Z. S. 1855, pp. 136, 
196 ; Cab. et Hein. Mm. Hein. iv. p. 137. 

Chaimomis panamensis, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 
Malacoptila poliopis, Scl. P. Z. S. 1862, p. 86, pi. viii. ; id. Cat. A. B. 


p. 273; Cab. et Hein. Mm. Hem. iv. p. 136. 
Malacoptila sequatorialis, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 135. 
Malacoptila costaricensis, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 135. 
Malacoptila blacica, Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 137. 
Malacoptila inornata, Scl. et Sah. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 363. 
Malacoptila panamensis poliopsis, Berl. et Tacz. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 572 
(W.Ecuador). 

Above brown, washed more or less with, ferruginous, and spotted 
on the back and wings with pale fulvous shaft-spots; lores and rictal 
plumes partly white; throat and neck ferruginous; belly ashy 
brown, on the upper part more or less flammulated with white; 
flanks and crissum washed with ferruginous ; bill horn-colour, 
yellowish at the base; feet brown : whole length 7 inches, wing 3'2, 
tail 3, bill from gape 1*2. Female. Paler and more greyish above : 
beneath, breast much lighter. 

Hah. Costa Eica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and 
Peru. 

This, as shown in my Monograph, is, according to the view that 
I take, a very variable species. It may be possible to recognize four 
subspecies ; but I doubt whether the specimens could be always discriminated 
without a previous knowledge of their localities. 

a. Yar. costaricensis. 
a. $ ad. sk.
b. $ ad. sk. 
Costa Rica (Carmiol). 
Costa Eica (Carmiol). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
c. d. <J $ ad.; e,
/ . Jr. sk. 
g. J ad. sk. 
Tucurriqui, Costa Eica (Arce). 
Dota, Costa Eica (Carmiol). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
h. 2 ad. sk. Peje, Costa Eica (Carmiol). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

2 . MALA.COPTILA. 
197 
b. Var. typica. 
i, k. d S ad. sk. Btigaba, Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I, m. d $ad. sk. Ohorcha, Chiriqui (Arce). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

n. $ ad. sk. S. slope of Vole, of Chiriqui Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Arce). 
o,]). S ? ad. sk. Chiriqui [Arcs). Sclater Coll. 
q-s. S ad.; t, u. Panama (M<cLeannan), Salvin-Godman Coll. 

5 
ad. sk. 

v. Ad. sk. Panama. 
0. Salvin, Esq. [P.]. 
c. Var. mystacalis. 
w, x. S $ ad. sk. Remedies, Antioquia (Scdmori). Sclater Coll. 
y. 
tf ad. sk, Nichi, Antioquia (Salmon). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z. S ad. sk. Antioquia (Salmon). Sclater Coll. 
a'. (S ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
V. Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
c'. S ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d\ Ad. sk. Bogota. Purchased. 
e'. Ad. sk. Venezuela (Dyson). Purchased. (Type 
of M. aspersa.) 
/' . <J ad. sk. San Cristobal, Venezuela Sclater Coll. 


(Goering). 

d. Var. cequatorialis. 
r/, h'. <$ ad. sk. Balzar Mts., Ecuador (Ming- Salvin-Godman Coll. 

worth), 
i'-mr. S ad. sk. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll. 
n',or. S ?ad. sk. Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Fraser). Sclater Coll. 


(Types of M. poliopsis.) 

5. Malacoptila inornata. 
Monasa inornata, DuBus, Bull. Acad. Brux. xiv. pt. 2, p. 107; Lafi\ 
Rev. Zool. 1848, p. 249; Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. iii. App. p. 4; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 147. 

Malacoptila 
inornata, Scl. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 478; id. 
Syn. Bucc. p. 19; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196 ; id. Cat A. B. p. 273; 
id. Monogr. Jac. and Buff-bds, p. 125, pi. xli.; Cab. et Hem. Mus. 
Hein. iv. p. 137; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 201; Scl. etSalv. Nomend. 

p. 106. 
Malacoptila verae-pacis, Scl. etSalv. Ibis, 1860, p. 40; Scl. Cat A. B. 
p. 273; Cab. et Rein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 139. 
Similar to M. panamensis, but male beneath nearly wholly rufous, 
slightly paler on the lower belly, and with but very slight traces of 
darker flammulations. 


Hal. Guatemala. 

a. Ad. sk. British Honduras (Blanca~ Salvin-Godman Coll. 
neaux). 
b,c. d* $ ad. sk. Choctum, Vera Paz (Salvin). Sclater Coll. 
4 e. <S $ ad. sk. Choctum, Vera Paz (Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

/ . Ad. sk. Choctum, Vera Paz. ' 0. Salvin, Esq. [P.]. I 

g. $ 
ad. sk. Coban,Vera Paz (Constancies). Salvin-Godman Coll. j 
(Types of M. verce-pacis.) 
198 Buccoiraxai]. 

k $ ad. sk. CMsec, Vera Paz (Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

i. $ ad. sk. Vera Paz (Salvin). Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
k, I <$ $ ad. sk. Guatemala (Salvin), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
m. $ ad. sk. Guatemala (Salvin). Sclater Coll. 
n. $ jr. sk. Guatemala. Sclater Coll. 
6. SCalacoptila Mvigularis. 
" Lypornix rufa, Wagl" Tsch. Faun. Per., Aves, pp. 41, 257. 

Malacoptila mlvogulaiip, Scl. RZ.S. 1853, p. 123, 1855, p. 106; id. 
Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 476; id. Syn. Bucc.-p, 16; id. 
Monogr. Jac. and Puff-ids. p. 127, pi. xlii.; Cab. et Hein. Mus. 
Hein. iv. p. 131; Scl. et Salv. Nomencl p. 106; iid. P. Z. S. 1879, 

p. 633 ; Perl et Tans. P. Z. S. 1885, pp. 68, 108 (Ecuador) ; Tacz. 
Om. Per. iii. p. 132. 
Malacoptila pyrrholaema, Pp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 13. 


Above brown, varied with paler colour ; whole head, upper back, 

and sides of neck blackish, with distinct white or ochreous white 

shaft-stripes on all the feathers ; lictal plumes partly white; lores 

and throat fulvous; breast and flanks black, with shaft-stripes as on 

the head, but broader and more distinct; lower belly and crissum 

fulvous white; tail brownish cinereous, paler beneath : whole length 

7-2 inches, wing 3-9, tail 3-9, bill 1-2. 

Hah. Bolivia. 

This is quite a distinct species, readily known by its strongly 

striated head and breast and the fulvous throat. 

a. Ad. sk. Tilotilo, Yungas, Bolivia Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Buckley). 
7. Malacoptila substriata. 
Malacoptila snbstriata, Scl. P. Z. S. 1853, p. 123, pi. li., l&oo, pp. 136, 
196; id. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 476; id. Syn. Puce. p. 17; 
id. Cat A. B. p. 273; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 129, pi. 
xliii.; Cab. et Hein. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 134 ; Scl. et Said. Nomencl. 

p. 106. 
Above brown, varied with pale brown; fore part and sides of 
head darker, and striated with long narrow shaft-stripes of fulvous 
white; lores and rictal plumes partly white ; chin and throat fulvous 
; breast and flanks striated like the head, but stripes broadei: 
middle of belly and crissum pale fulvous whitish ; tail rufous brown, 
beneath paler: whole length 7 inches, wing 3*6, tail 3-8, bill from 
gape 1*1. 

Hah. Colombia. 

This species is nearly allied to M. fulvigiilaris, and perhaps hardly 
distinct; but the shaft-stripes on the head and lower surface of the 
present bird are more fulvous and not so well defined, and do not 
extend over the nape and upper back. 

a. Ad. sk. Bogota, Sclater Coll. 
(Type of the species.) 
b. Ad. sk, Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
3 . 
MICEOMOKACHA.—4. NONNTTLA. 199 
3. 
MICEOMOEACHA. 
Type. 
Micromonacha, Scl P. Z. S. 1881, p. 777 M. lanceolata, 
Under this name I proposed, in 1881, to isolate the little Bucco 
lanceolatus of Deville from the Upper Amazons. Micromonacha is 
apparently more nearly allied to Malacoptila than to Bucco, and 
seems to he "best placed as an intermediate form between Malacoptila 
and Nonnula, differing from the former by its short tail, and from 
the latter by its shorter and stronger bill. In coloration Micromonacha 
is conspicuously different from all other Bucconida\ 

1. Micromonacha lanceolata. 
Bucco lanceolata, Deville, Mev. et Mag. de Zool. 1849, p. 56; Scl. 
Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 863 ; id, Syn. Bitcap. 18, pi. 3; id. 


P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196; Scl et Salv. Nomejicl p. 100; Tacz. Orn. 
Per. iii. p. 127. 
Capito lanceolatus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zi/g. p. 13; Bes Mars, An. noiw. 
on rares de VExp. de Castelnau, Ois. p. 30. 
Nystalus lanceolatus, Cab. et If em. Mus. Ileln. iv. p. 142. 
Micromonacha lanceolata, 8cl. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 777; id. Monogr. 

Jac. and Puf-bds. p. 131, pi. xliv. 

Above rufescent brown; rump-feathers slightly margined with 
fulvous; lores and frontal plumes white, separated from the cap by 
a narrow black margin : beneath white, with conspicuous black 
shaft-stripes; crissum rufous; tail above like the back, beneath 
more cinereous, with a black submarginal band on the lateral rectrices 
; under wing-coverts buffy white: whole length 4 inches, wing 
2*6, tail 1*8, bill 1. Female similar. 

Eab. Upper Amazonia and Western Ecuador. 

a, b. Ad. sk Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
a, d. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

4. 
101NULA. « 
Type. 
Nonnula, Scl. P. Z. S. 1853, p. 124 N. rubecula. 
This genus embraces the smallest and most feeble members of the 

family. They are nearly allied to Malacoptila and Monacha, but 
distinguished by their longer and less elevated bill, and from the 
former by their longer tail and weaker feet. 

The five species of Nonnula are distributed over Colombia, Amazonia, 
and Brazil. 

Key to the Species. 

A. 
Cap cinereous; lores and eye-rim white: 
j breast darker, more rufous 1. rttheeida, p. 200. 
(breast paler, less rufous 2. cineracea, p. 200. 
B. 
Cap chestnut 8. riiftcapitta, p. 200. 
C. Cap brown: 
front more or less rufescent 4. frontalis, p. 201. 
\ front uniform with back.., 5. brunnea, p. 201. 


200 
BdCCONIDiE. 

1. Fonirala rubecnla. 
Buceo rubeeula, Spii, Av. Bras. I. p. 51, t. 39. fig. 1. 
Monaca pliaioleucus, Temm. PL Col. 323. fig. 2. 
Lypornix rubecnla, Wag I. Syst. Av. Lvpornix, sp. 6; Sw. P. Brazil, 


t. 35. 
" Ouculus rufalbinus, Temm " Cuv. Begne An. i. p. 455 (1829). 
Monasa rubeeula, Less. Tr. d'Om.-p. 157 ; Gray et Mitch, Gen. B. i. 
p. 74; Gray, List Fiss. B. II. p. 50; Bp. Consp. i. p. 147; Burm. 
Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 292; Pek. Sitz. Ak. Hrien, xx. p. 512; id. Orn. 
Bras. p. 23; Peinh. Fugle/. Bras. Camp. p. 121. 
Monasa phaioleucos, Temm. Tabl. Meth. p. 55. 
Nonnula rubecula, Scl. P. Z. S. 1853, p. 124,1855, p. 196; id. Cat. A. 


B. p. 273; id. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 133, pi. xlv. fig. 1; 
Cab. et Rein. Mus. Mem. iv. p. 129; Scl. et Salv. Nomencl. p. 106. 
Malacoptila rubecula, Scl. Ann. Nat. Mist ser. 2; xiii. p. 479; id. 
Syn. Buec. p. 19. 
Scotocharis rubecula, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13. 


Above brown, rather more cinereous on the bead, darker on tbe 
wings and tail; lores, chin, and rim round tbe eye white : beneath, 
pale fulvous, brighter and more rufous on the breast; middle of 
belly whitish ; under wing-coverts pale cinnamomeous : whole 
length 5-3 inches, wing 2'5, tail 24 , bill from gape 0-9. Female 
similar, 

Hal. Lower Amazonia and S.E. Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. Para (?). 
Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil (IVucherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. Ad. &k. S.E. Brazil. 
Purchased. 
2. ESTommla cmeracea. 
Nonnula cmeracea, Scl. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 778; id. Monogi, Jac. and 
Puf-bds. p. 135, pi. xlv. fig. 2. 

Similar to N. rubecula, but colour above more cinereous, and 
breast paler. 
Hob. Upper Amazonia. 

a. Ad. sk. Eio Javari {Bates). Purchased. (Type of the 
species.) 
3. Nomrala ruficapilla. 
Lypornix ruiicapilla, 
Tsch. Wiegm. Arch. 1844, pt. i. p. 300; id. 
Faun. Per., Aves, p. 258, t. 24. fig. 1. 
Monasa mficapilla, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Bp. Consp. i. 

p. 147; Pek. Sitz. Ak. Wien, xx. p. 512; id. Orn. Bras. p. 23. 
Malacoptila mficapilla, Scl. Ann. Nat. Hist ser. 2, xiii. p. 480; id. 
Syn. Bucc. p. 20. 
Scotocharis mficapilla, Bp. Consp. Vol Zyg. p. 13. 
Nonnula mficapilla, Scl. P. Z. S. 1853, p. 124, et 1855, p. 1965 id. 

Cat. A. B. p. 274; id. Mongr. Jac. and Puf-bds. p. 137, pi. xlvi. 
%. 1; Cab. et Rein. Mus. Rein. iv. p. 129; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 
I860, p. 192, 1873, p. 295; iid. Nomencl. p. 106 ; Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1874, p. 548; id, Orn. Per. iii. p. 136. 

4 . NONNTJLA. 
201 
^ Above brown ; cap chestnut• sides of the head and nock and nape 
cinereous : beneath, throat, breast, and middle of belly clear ferruginous 
; lower belly and crissum whitish ; flanks more or loss 
cinereous : whole length 5*7 inches, wing 2-4, tail 2*2, bill from 
gape 1. Female similar. 

Hab. Upper Amazonia. 

The chestnut cap distinguishes this species. 

a. $ ad. sk. Villa Maria, Matogrosso (NabSclater 
Coll. 
terer). 
b. Ad. sk. Upper Ucayali (Barllett). Sclater Coll. 
c. d. Ad. sk. Upper Ucayali. E. Bartlett [C.]. 
e. (j1 ad. sk. Samiria, Upper Amazons (jffauxSalvin-
Godman Coll. 
welt). 
f. Ad. &k. E. Peru. Sclater Coll. 

4. ¥ouimla frontalis. 
Malacoptila 
frontalis, Scl Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 470; id. 
Sy,i. JBucc. p. 20; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 136; Later. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 

vii. p. 818. 
Nonnula frontalis, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196,1858, p. 60; id. Cat. A. 
B. p. 274; id. Monogr. Jac. and Fuff-bds. p. 139; Cab. et Hein. 
Mus. Rein. iv. p. 129; Scl. et Salv. Nomencl p. 106. 
Above brown; front and forehead more or loss tinged with rufous; 
lores and eye-region cinereous: beneath ferruginous, more dusky on 
the sides; middle of belly and crissum whitish: whole length 5*7 
inches, wing 2*3, tail 2*4, bill from gape 1. 

Hab, Colombia and Panama. 

This is a northern form of N. rujicapiTla, but has only the front 
of the head rufous, and the cinereous colour of the sides of the head 
and nape not nearly so prominent. 

a. Ad. sk. Panama (McLeannari). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Interior of Colombia. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Interior of Colombia. Sclater Coll. 
d} e. Ad. sk. Interior of Colombia. Purchased. (Types 
of the species ?) 

5. Nonirala brna&ea. 
Nonnula frontalis, Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 192, 1867, p. 752, et 
1873, p. 295. 

Nonnula 
brunnea, Scl Ibis, 1881, p. 600 j id. Monogr. Jac. and 
Fuf-bds. p. 141, pi. xlvi. fig. 2 ; Tacz, P.Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. 
Peru); id. Orn. F6r. iii. p. 135. 

Above nearly uniform brown * lores somewhat rufous : beneath 
dull ferruginous, more dusky on the sides; belly and crissum 
lighter, more cinnamomeous: whole length 5*5 inches, wing 2-5, 
tail 2*3, bill from gape 1*1. Female similar. 
Hab. Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. 

202 
BTTCCOETDJS. 

This species is distinguished by its uniform upper surface, without 
any rufous on the cap. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Interior of Colombia. Sclater Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Interior of Colombia. Salvin-G-odman Coll. 
d. Ad. sk.
e,f. Ad.sk. 
Rio Napo. 
Sarayaciij Ecuadorley). 
(BucTcPurchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll.) 
I 
y. Ad. sk. Sarayacu,
ley). 
Ecuador (BuckSclater 
Coll. ) 
(Types of the species.) 

5. HAPALOPTILA. 
Type. 
ITapaloptila, Scl P. Z. S. 1881, p. 777 H. castanea. 
This is a large form with a strong hooked hill and well-developed 

rietal bristles. In structure it is nearly allied to MonacJia, but has 
the bill broader at the base, a shorter tail, and rather longer tarsi, 
In coloration it is perhaps more like 2Icdacoptila. 

Hapaloptila is found in Ecuador and Colombia. 

1. H&paloptila castanea. 
Malacoptila castanea, 
Verr. Rev. Zool 1866, p. 355, t. six.; Scl. et 
Salv. Fomenel. p. 106 ; iicl. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 536. 
ITapaloptila castanea, Scl. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 777 j id. Monoqr. Jew. 
and Puff-bds. p. 143, pi. xlviii.; Tacz. et Perl P. Z. S. 1885, 

p. 116 (Ecuador). 
Above cinereous with an olivaceous tinge, wings and tail darker; 
front white, with a distinct "black border behind : beneath chestnut, 
throat white, rietal bristles black; bill and feet black: whole 
length 9 inches, wing 4*2, tail 3*7, bill from gape 1*7. Female 
similar. 

Hah. Colombia and Ecuador. 

a. $ ad. sk. Frontino, Antioquia, U. S. 0. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Salmon). 
b. Ad. sk. Frontino, Antioquia, U. S. C. Sclater Ooll. 
(Salmon). 
c. d, Ad. sk. Imtaj, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e, f, g. Ad. sk. Ecuador. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
1x1 Ad. sk. Ecuador. Sclater Coll. 
6. MOMACHA. 
Type. 
Monasa (scr. Monacha), Vieill. Analyse, p. 27 (1816) M. nigra. 
Lypomix, Wagler, Syst. Av. (1827) M. nigra. 
Scotocharis, Glor/er, Froriep's Noti&en, xvi, p. 277 (1827). . M. nigra. 
Monastes, Mtzsch, Pterylogr. p. 135 (1840) M. nigra. 

The large size and lugubrious uniform plumage, relieved only by 
the bright red or yellow bill, render Monacha easily distinguishable 

6. 
MONACO;A. 203 
from all the other genera of this family. Further character"^ icn are 
the long, compressed, and incurved bill, and the elongated tail. 
The seven species of Mowteha range over the Neotropical mainland 
from Nicaragua to H.E. Brazil. 

Key to ilie Species. 

A. 
Bend of wing* white. 
I Bill red 1. nif/ra, p. 203. 
j Bill yellow If. ftarirostris, p. 204. 
15. Bend of wing uniform, not white. 
a. Front and throat white. 
a'. Smaller : head lighter : 
\ white throat broader ;}. morpheas, p. 204. 
| white throat narrower \. peruana, p. 205. 

b'. Larger : head darker 
5. yrandior, p. 205, 

b. Front white ; throat black (i.'patlesrens, p. 200. 
c. Front and throat black 
7. ni(/rifrons, p. 200. 
1. Monacha nigra. 
Cuculus niger, P. L. S. Milll. Suppl. Linn. Natnrsyst. p. 90. 
Ooucou noir de Cayenne, Daub. PL Enl. 512 ; Buff. JIi,*f. Nat. \i. 


p. 41G. 
Cuculus ater, JBodd. Tabl. d. PL Enl. p. 30. 
COITUS australis, Gm. S. N. i. p. 377. 
Bncco cinereus, Gm. 8. N. i. p. 409; Licht. DoubL p. 8. 
Cuculns tranquillus, Gm. JS. N. i. p. 417. 
Bucco calcaratus, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 200. 
Le Barbaeou a bee rouge, Lcvnill. Ois. de Par. ii. p. 103, tt. 44, 45. 
Corvus ailiiiis, 8Iiaw, Gen. ZooL vii. p. 381. 
Monasa tranquilla, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xxi. p. 321; id. Enc. Mith. 
p. 
1338; Lest. Tr, dOrn. p. 157; Cab. in Hchomb. Gm'a>t. iii. 
p. 710; Bp. Consp, i. p. 147; ?W. 6yo«^>. Fo/. #y//w/. p. 13. 
Wax-billed Barbet, Lath. Gen. likt. iii. p. 2:12. 
Lypomix tranquilla, WagL Syst. Ar. Lypornix, sp. 1. 
Monasa Jitra, Gray, List Fins. B. M. p. 49; Set. Ann. Nat. Hint. 
&er. 2, xiii. p. 480; id Stpi. Bucc. p. 21; id P. Z 8. 1855, p. 19(>; 
itf. Cta. .4. £. p, 274; Peb. Sih. Al\ IVien, xx. p. 511 ; id Orn. 
Bras. p. 22; Caw. Pr. Acad Sei. Pliitad. 1800, p. J35; (W/>. et 
IJein. Mas. Hein. iv. p. 120; &*/. r£ tfrtfr. Nomvnel. p. 100; AWr. 
IZ»^, 1SS0, p. 03 (Brit. Guiana). 

Monaclia 
nigra, Scl. Manny r. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 145, pi, \lviii.; 
Tacz. et Berl. P. Z. 8 1885, p. 118 (Ecuador). 

Above black; bend of wing and edgings of w ing-coverts white: 
beneath rather paler and more cinereous; under wing-covorts white ; 
bill coral-red; feet black: whole length 10%3 inches, wing 4*7, 
tail 4L-7, bill from gape 1/7. Female, similar. 

Hal. Guiana, Cayenne, and Lower Amazonia. 

a,b,c. Ad. sk. British Guiana. Rir 11. Schomhurgh 
[C.]. ^ 
d 9 ad slv Camacusa, British Guiana Salvin-Godman Coll. 
* * ' (Whiteh/). 

204 
BITCCOTIDiE. 

e. <$ ad. sk. R Atapurow, British Guiana 
( jmtelif). 
/}</• S ? ad. sk. Merumo Mts., British Guiana 
(Whitely). 
k 
(S ad. sk. Merume Mts., British Guiana 
( Whitely). 


i. Ad. sk. British Guiana (Broiori). 
k. Ad. sk. Oyapock, Cayenne (Verday). 
I. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
m. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
n. Ad. sk. Amazonia. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

J. H. Gurnev, Esq. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2. Monacha flavirostris. 
Monasa flavirostris, Strickl Conir. Orn. 1850, p. 47, t. 48; Scl. Aim. 
Nat Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 481; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 21; id. P. Z. S. 
18557 pp. 136, 190; id. Cat. A. B. p. 274; Cab. et Hein. Mas. 
Rein. iv. p. 127; Scl et Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 752, 1873, p. 295; 
iid. Nomencl p. 106; Tacz. Orn. Pir. iii. p. 132. 

Monasa axillaris, 
Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1850, p. 216; Cassin, Pr. Acad. 
Scl Philad. 1860, p. 135. 
Monacha flavirostris, Scl. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 149, 
pi. xlix. 

Above and beneath black; bend of wing and under wing-coverts 
white; bill yellow; feet black : whole length 7*9 inches, wing 4*2, 
tail 4, bill 1*1. Female similar. 

Hob. Colombia, Ecuador, and Upper Amazonia. 
The smaller size, yellow bill, and uniform wing-coverts at once 
distinguish this species. 

a. Ad. st.
b, c. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. 
Interior of Colombia. 
Purchased. 
Sclater Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Interior of Colombia. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Interior of Colombia. Purchased. 
/ , g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk.
i. J ad. sk. 
Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley), 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley), 
Ohyavetas, Peru (Bartlett). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater CoU. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

3. Monacha morpheas. 
White-faced Barbet, Lath. Gen. Hist iii. p. 233. 
Bucco morphoeus, Halm u. Kiist. Vog. aus Asien, Lief. xiv. p. 1, 


t. 2. 
Monasa personata, Vieill. Gal. d. Ois. i. p. 23, t. 36; id. Enc. Meth. 
p. 1339; Less. Tr. d'Orn. p. 157; Scl. Ann. Nat. Hid. ser. 2, 
xiii. p. 481; id. Syn. Bucc. p. 22; id. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 196. 
Bucco leucops, Licht. Doull. p. 8. 
Bucco albifrorts, Spix, Av, Bras. i. p. 53, t. 41. fig. 1. 
Lypornix leucops, Wagl. Syst. Av. Lypornix, sp. 3. 
Oapito leucops, Max. Beitr. iv. p. 368. 
Tamatia leucops, Sw. B. Brazil, t. 12. 
Monasa leucops, Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Gray, List Fiss. 
B. M. p. 49; Bp. Consp. i. p. 147; id. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 13; 
MONACKA. 205 

Burm. Sysi. TJeb. ii. p. 293; Pelz. Sitz. Ah Wien, xx. p. 512; id. 
Oni. Bras. p. 22. 

Monasa morpheus, Cass. Proc. Acad. Scl PHlad. I860, p. 135 ; Scl 
Oaf. A. B. p. 274; Cab. et lieu?. Mus. llein. iv. p. 127; Scl. et 
Salv. Nomencl p. 106. 

Monaclia inorpheus, Scl Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 151, pi. 50. 

Above dark slaty grey: beneath rather lighter on the belly ; head 
and neck all round blacker; front and chin pure white; under 

wing-coverts light cinereous; bill coral-red, feet black: whole 
length 11*5 inches, wing 5*1, tail 5*2, bill 1*5. Female similar. 
Hob. S.E. Brazil and Lower Amazonia. 
a, b1 c. Ad. sk. 
d. Ad. sk. 
Bahia, Brazil (Wucherer). 
S.E. Brazil. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. 
/ . Ad. sk. 
S.E. Brazil. 
Lower Amazons (Wallace). 
M. Claussen [P.]. 
Sclater Coll. 

4. MODaclia peruana. 
Monasa-peruana, Scl P. Z. S.1855, p. 194, 1857, p. 262,1858, p. 60; 
id. Cat. A. B. p. 275; Cass. Proc. Acad. Sci. Philad. 1860, p. 135; 
Cab. et llein. Mus. Hem. iv. p. 128; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, 

p. 192, 1867, p. 752, 1873, p. 295; iid. Nomencl p, 106; Tacz. 
P. Z. S. 1874, p. 548, et 1882, p. 44 (Peru); id. Orn. Per. iii. 
p. 134; Berl J.f. 0 1889, p. 309. 
Monaclia peruana, Scl. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 153, pi. H. 
Similar to M. morplieus, but rather smaller, and the white colour 
on the front and chin more restricted. 
Hab, Upper Amazonia and Ecuador. 

a. Ad. sk. Ega, Upper Amazons. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Ega, Upper Amazons. Purchased. 
c. Ad. sk. Upper Amazons. Sclater Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. E. Peru. Purchased 
e,f. Acl.sk. Chamicuros, E. Peru {Bartlett). Sclater Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador {Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
5. Monaclia grau&ior. 
Monasa grandior, Scl. et Salv. P.Z.S. 1868, p. 327; iid. Nomencl 
p. 106; Salv. Ibis, 1872, p. 322. 
Monasa peruana, Laior. Ann. Lyc. N. F. ix. p. US. 
Monacha grandior, Scl. Monogr. Jac. and Puff-bds. p. 155, pi. Iii. 
Nearly similar to M. morplieus, but rather larger and head 
blacker. 
Hab. Nicaragua and Costa Eica. 

a. $ ad. sk. Angostura, Costa Rica {Car-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
miol). (Type of the species.) 

b. Ad. sk. San Carlos, Costa Eica {Car-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
miol). 
c. Ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua {Belt). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Chontales, Nicaragua, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
200 
BUCCONIDJE. 

(>. Monaclia pallescens. 

Mom-a pallfsseeiN, 0«w. Proc. Acad. Sci. Philad. I860, p. 134, et 
I Si; J, p. 287, i. iv.; JJ^tftf, Ite , 1871, pp. 130, 374; &<?/. ct Sale. 
Rommel, p. 100; «V/. P.Z6', Ls79, p. 536; Berl. J.f. 0. 1884, 

p. 3J8 (Bucaramanga). 
Monaclia pallescens, Scl. Monoyr. Jac. and Puff-hds, p. 157, pi. liii. 
Above and beneath dark cinereous : head and throat black; broad 
front white; bill coral-red, feet black: whole length 11*1 inches, 
win*? 5-2, tail 4*7, bill from front 1-9. Female similar. 

Bab. Northern Colombia. 
This species is at once distinguished from the three former by its 
black throat. 

a. Ad. sk. Medellin, Aiitioquia, U. S. C. Sclater Coll. 
{Salmon). 
b7 c. (S J ad. sk. Remedies, Antioquia, U. S. C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(Salmon). 


d. $ 
ad. sk. Magdalena Valley, U. S. 0. Sclater Coll. 
(Wyatt). 
<?. Ad. sk. 
Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

/ . Ad. sk. 

7. Monaclia nigrifrons. 
IJucco nigrifrons, Spiv, Av. Bras. i. p. 53, t. 41. fig. 2. 
Lypornix unicolor, Way I. Si/st. Av. Lypornix, sp. 2. 
Munasa nigriiroiiSj Gray et Mitch. Gen. B. i. p. 74; Gray, List Fist. 


B. 31. p. 49 ; Bp. Com)), i. p. 147 ; id. Cousp. Vol. Zyy. p. 13, Scl 
Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiii. p. 481; id. Si/n. Buck p. 22; id. 
P. Z. S. 1855, p. 10G, 1858, p. 60; id. Cat. A. B. p. 274; Barm. 
Si/si. Ueh. ii. p. 294; Feb. Sit?:. Ah. TFien, xx. p. 511 ; id. Orn. 
Bras. p. 22; Ca*s. Proc. Acad. Sci. Philad. 1800, p. 135; Cab. et 
Hem. Mm. Bern. iv. p. 127; Scl. ct Salv. P. Z. S. 1800, p. 192, 
1867, pp. 583, 978, lb73, p. 295, 1879, p. 033; iid. Nomencl. 
p. 100; Tacz. Orn. Per. iii. p. 133; Berl. J.f.O. 1889, p. 309. 
Monaclia nigrifrons, Sol. Monoyr. Jac. and Pujf'-bds. p. 159, pi. liv. 
Above and beneath dark cinereous, with alight bronzy tinge on 
the wings and tail; bill coral-red ; feet black : whole length 10*4 
inches, wing 4*11, tail 410, bill from gape 1*5. Female similar. 

Hob. ximazonia and Bolivia. 

a. Ad. sk. 
Eio Tocantins (Wallace). Sclater Coll. 
b. 2 ad. sk. 
Pebas, Peru (llcmxivett). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. 
Lower Ucayali. E. Bartlett [C.]. 
d. e. c? 2 ad. sk. Yquitos, Peru (Whitely). Sclater Coll. 
f,g. tf ? ad. sk. Yquitos, Peru ( Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll 
h. $ ad. sk. Yquitos, Peru. H. Whitely [C], 
if h. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
I Ad. sk. Sarayacu, Ecuador (Buckley). Sclater Coll. 
m. $ ad.; n, o, 
Chapada, Matto Gxosso, Brazil Salvin-Godman Coll. 
p. J ad. sk. 
(H. H. Smith). 
q. Ad. sk. 
Bolivia (Behn). Sclater Coll. 
7 . CHELIBOJPrBRA. 
207 

7. 
CHELiDOPIERA. 
Type. 
Clielidoptera, Gould, P. Z. S. 1830, p. SI 0. tenebrosd, 
Ohelithjotera is a well-marked form of Euecotddee, differing from 
the other members of the family in its lengthened wings and 
shortened tail. The bill is also short and slender and much 
compressed. 
This genus extends oyer the Neotropical mainland from Venezuela 
to S.E. Brazil. 

Key (o the Species. 

A. Smaller : breast darker j belly more rufous .. 1. tenebrosa, p. 207. 
B. Larger: breast lighter; belly more ochraceous. 2. bruhilieusis,-p. 208. 
1. Clielidoptera tenebrosa. 
Le petit Ooucou noir de Cayenne. Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 417 ; 
Daub. PI. Mil 505. 
Cuculus tenebrosus, Pallas, Neue Nord. Beytr. iii. p. 2; Gm. 8. N. 

i. p. 417 ; Lath. 2nd. Orn. i. p. 221. 
Le Barbacou a croupion blanc, Levaill. Ois. de Par. ii, p. 105, 
t. 46. 
Monasa tenebrosa, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. xxi. p. 021 j id. Ene. Meth. 
p.1330; Leas.Tr. tfOrn. p. 157. 
Wkite-rtimped Cnckow, Lath. Gen. Hist. iii. p. 324. 
Monasa tenebrio, Temm. PL Col. 323. fig. 1. 
L} pornh: tenebrosa, Wagl. 8ijst. Av. Lypomix, &p. 7. 
Clielidoptera tenebrosa, Gould, P. Z. S. 1830, p. 81; Gray et Mitch, 

Gen. B. i. p. 75; Cab. in 8chomb. Guian. iii. p. 720; Gray, List 
Fiss. B. M. p. 50; Bp. Consp. i. p. 148 ; 8cL Ann. Nat. Hist. >ser. 
2, xiii. p. 482; id. 8yn. Bnec. p. 23; id. P. Z. S. 1855, pp. 130, 
190; id. Cat. A. B. p. 275 ; id. Monogr. Jae. and Puff*b(fo. p. 101, 
pi lv. fig. 1; Pels. 8ifz. Ah. Wien^xx. p. 513; id. Orn. Bras, 

p. 23 ; Cab. et Hem. Mm. llein. iv. p. 124; 8cl. et 8alv. P. Z. S. 
1800, p. 192,1867, pp. 583, 752, 1870, p. 781, 1873, pp. 18(5, 205; 
iid. Nomenel. p. 100; Toes. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 44 (N.E. Peru) ; id. 
Orn. Per. iii. p. 130; 8alv. Ibis, 1886, p. 03 (Brit. Guiana) ; IV. 
L. Sclater, Ibis, J 887, p. 318 (Brit. Guiana) ; Bed. J.f.O. 1881), 
p. 309. 
Clielidoptera 
albipennis, Bp. J.f.O. 1853, p. 47; 8cl. Ann. Nat. 
Hist. sex*. 2, xiii. p. 483; id. Syn. Buce. p. 24, t. iv.; Cab. et Ifein. 
WIus. Hem. iv. p. 124. 

Above bronzy black, rump white: beneath as above, upper part 
of belly passing into cinereous; lower belly chestnut; flanks, 
crissum, and under wing-coverts white; bill black, feet brownish 
black: whole length 5*7 inches, wing 4, tail 1*9, bill from gape 0*9. 
Female similar. 

Hah. Yenezuela, Guiana, and Amazonia. 

a. $ ad. sk. Merida, Venezuela (Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. Ad.sk.
c. d. Ad. sk. 
Trinidad (?). 
British Guiana. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sir R Schomburgk 
[O.]. 

208 
SUCCOJSTDM. 

e,f. <$ $ ad. sk. Bartica Groye, Brit. Guiana 
(Whitely). 

g. J ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Brit. Guiana 
(Whitely). 
7^ 2*. c? $ ad. sir. Roraima, Britisli Guiana 

ft, £. $ ad. sk. 

on. Ad. sk. 

n. Ad. sk. 
o, $ ad. sk. 

p. Ad. sk. 
q. Ad. sk. 
r. Ad. sk. 
sft $ $ ad. sk. 
w. Ad. sk. 
y, w. Ad. sk. 
.r. Ad. sk. 
y. <$ ad. sk. 
s. J ad. sk. 
«', 
&'. c? $ ad. 
sk. 

(Whitely). 

Merume Mts., Britisli Guiana 

(Whitely). 
Britisli Guiana (W. L. Sclater). 
Maroni r., Surinam (C. Bart


lett). 
Oyapock, Cayenne (JelsM). 
Cayenne. 
Cayenne. 
Para (Wallace). 
Para (Zayard). 
Rio Negro ( Wallace). 
Yquitos, Peru ( Whitely). 
Ymimaguas, Peru (Bartlett). 
Xeberos, Peiu (Bartlett). 
Xeberos, Peru (Bartlett). 
Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil 

(H. II Smith). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 


Tweeddale Coll. 
Sabin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll, 
Sal vin-G odman Coil. 


2. Chelldoptera forasiliensis. 
Bucco tenebrosus, Licht. DoubL p. 8. 

Capito tenebrosus, Max. Beitr. iv. p. 372. 

Brachypetes tenebrosa, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 384. 

Lypornix tenebrosa, Sioains. B. Brazil, t. 36. 

Monasa tenebrosa, Burm. Syst. Ueb. ii. p. 294. 

Clielidoptera brasiliensis, Scl. Cat. A. B. p. 275; id. Monogr. Jac. 

and Puff-bds. p. 165, pL Iv. %. 2; Scl. et Sah. Komencl. p. 106. 

Similar to C. tenebrosa, but larger, breast more cinereous; belly 

lighter, more ochraceous. 
Eab. S.E. Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
b. Ad. sk. Pernambuco, Brazil (Forbes). 
c. Ad. sk. Pernambuco, Brazil (Forbes). 
d. Ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil (Wucherer). 
e. Ad. sk. Santa FS, Minas Geraes, Brazil 
(Rogers). 
f. 
Ad. sk. Pdo Claro, Goyaz, Brazil 
(Joyrier). 
g. h. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
i. Ad. sk. S.E. Brazil. 
Gould Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Sclater Coll. 


M. Olaussen [C.]. 
CTTCULIDJB. 
209 

Suborder COCCYGES. 

(See vol. xvi. page 2.) 

Synopsis of the Families. 

I. Oil-gland nude; feet zygodactyle Cuculidae, p. 209. 
II. 
Oil-gland tufted; feet semi-zygodactyle 
llusophagidae, p. 435, 
Family CUCULIDiE. 

(By G-. E. SHELLEY.) 

Eeet zygodactyle. 
Palate desmognathous. 
Basipterygoid processes absent. 
Hallux connected with, the flexor longus hallucis and not with 


the flexor perforans digitorum, which *eads to the second, third, and 
fourth digits. 
Tail-feathers ten (excepting Guira and Qroiophaga, which have 
eight only). 
Pteryhsis. Dorsal tract furcate between the shoulders. No 
after-shaft to the feathers. 
Cseca present. 
Hanging over the whole of the globe. 

Key to the Subfamilies. 

a. Tail composed of ten feathers. 
a'. Upper tail-coverts ordinary, not 
reaching beyond the basal half of the 
tail. 


a". Wing long and flat, not fitting to 
the body. Distance from the tip 
of the wing to the tip of the 
secondaries greater than the 
length of either the culmen or the 
tarsus 1. CUCULINJ®, p, 210. 

V'. Wing shorter and curved to fit the 
body. 


a'". 
Primaries extending distinctly 
beyond the secondaries; but 
the distance from the tip of 
the wing to the tip of the 
secondaries less than the length 
of either the culmen or the 
tarsus. 


VOL. XIX. 
p 

CJUCTTLlDiE. 

aK Hind claw straight, Lark- [p. 831. 
Iike . 2. CENTEOPODIXJB, 
bK Hind claw curved, ordinary.. 3. PSOENICOPBAINJE^ 
V". Primaries not extending beyond [p. 3G7. 
the secondaries 4. NEOMORPHIXM, _ 

V. 
Upper tail-coverts extremely long, [p. 414. 
reaching beyond the basal half of [-p- 42-j. 
the tail nearly to its end 5. DIPZOPTEPlXsE, 
b. Tail composed of only eight feathers .. 6. CMOTOPIIAGINM} 
[p. 427. 
Subfamily I. CUCULINiE. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. 
With a long crest; nasal aperture a linear 
oval 1. CoccYSTES, p. 211. 
/;. Not created. 
a'. Bill moderate, never longer than the head 
or the tarsus. 
a". Bill broader than deep at nostrils. j). 224. 
a'". Nasal aperture linear 2. Pvumcot c^x, 
&'". Nasal aperture rounded o. CALLIKCHTHEUS, 

b". Bill narrower, not so wide as it is deep [p. ±2*1, 
at nostrils. 
c'". Bill much more slender. 

a\ Tail square or forked, with the 
outer feather on each side shoii 
General plumage black, with, an 
oblique white band on the under 
surface of the quills; no.strils 
rounded and swollen 4. SCTINICULUS, p. 22t>. 

bK Tail nearly square, with the outer 
leather on each side decidedly 
short. Tail brown, with about 
four complete blackish bars. 
Style of plumage Accipitrine .. 5. IIIEROCOCCYX, 

c*. Tail square, rounded, or evenly [p. 28 L 
graduated. Tail never brown, 
crossed with complete black 
bars. 

a5. Nostrils round and pierced in a 
swollen membrane. 


al\ With no metallic colours in 
the plumage. Sexes similar 
in plumage. 

a7. Tail fan-shaped. 

a8. Wings longer, reaching 
beyond the tail-coverts. 
Under surface of quills 
barred 6. CUCULTJS,* p. 240. 

* Here will probably come 7. CERCOCOCCYX, p. 265. 
1 . OOCCYSTES. 211 
/P. Wings shorter, not reaching 
to the ends of the 
tail - coverts. Under 
surface of the wing 
with a single oblique 
white bar. 8. CACOMANTLS, p. 26'5. 

tf. Tail square 9. Misoa ALIUS, p. 27<J. 

bi] 

. With the plumage brilliantly 
metallic. Sexes often differing 
in plumage. 

c1. Under surface o£ quills 
barred 10. CHBYSOCOCCYX, 

d7. Under surface of quills [p. 280. 
with a single oblique pale [p. 288. 
bar 11. OHALCOCOCCYX, 

b\ Nostrils oval 12. COCCYZUS, p. 302. 
d'". Bill much stouter. 

dK "Bill not so broad at base, ]ess 
compressed and less arched towards 
the tip. Quills: 4th 
longest or equal to 3rd, 2nd 
shorter than the 5th, 1st shorter 


_ than the 0th. 

c\ Oulmen more evenly curved 
throughout. Tail more wedge-
shaped. Sexes similar 13. UHODYNAMIS, p. 313, 

d'\ Oulmen less curved for the 
basal half. Tail less wedge-
shaped. Sexes dissimilar 14. EUDYNAMIS, p. 315. 

el. Bill broader at the base, more 
compressed and more arched. 
Quills: 3rd longest, 2nd longer 
than the 5th, 1st about equal 
to Gtll 15. MlCltODYNAMIS, 

V. Bill very large and robust, longer than [p. 328. 
the head aud longer than the tarsus. 
c". Bill smooth, nearly half as long again 
as the tarsus .. / 10. RHAMPHOMANTIS, 
d". Bill very large, and with a lateral [p. 321). 
groove on each side of the culmen, 
and more than twice the length of 
the tarsus 17. SCYTHROPS, p. 329. 

1. C0CCYSTES. 
Type, 
Ooccystes, Glogery llandb. Naturg. p. 203 (1842)ndai 


 C. glandarius. 
Oxylophus, Swains. Classif. B. ii. p. 322 (1837) ...... O. cafer. 
Range. Southern Europe, Africa, and Tropical Asia. 


Key to the Sjpecies. 

. Breast whitish. 
a'. Wing-feathers with large terminal spots.. glandarius, p. 212. 
b'. With no spots on the wing. 
a". With a white collar, and the greater 
portion of the wings rufous corumandus, p. 214. 
p 2 

212 CTTCTTLIDiE. 

b". With no white collar and no rufous on 
the wings. 
d". Throat and breast nearly uniform. 
a\ Smaller: wing not exceeding 6*4 
inches. 
a5. Throat and nnderparts uniform 
burly white jacobmus, p. 217. 
b5. Throat and underparts tinted 
with smoky grey hypopinarius, p. '220. 

b\ Larger: wing 6*7 inches, tail 8*9. 
Throat with a few indistinct shaft-
stripes to the feathers caroli, p. 221. 

b"\ Throat yery strongly streaked with 
black cafer, p. 221. 

b. Breast black like the rest of the plumage. 
dl. With no white on the tail serratus, p. 223. 
e'. With a large white spot on the outer web 
of the two lateral tail-feathers albonotatus, p. 224. 

1. Coccystes glandarius. 
The Great Spotted Cuckoo, Edwards, Nat. Hist. B. ii. p. 577 pi. 57 

(1747). 
Le Ooucou d'Aridaloiisie, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 126 (1700). 
Ouculus glandarius, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 107 (1700); Temm. PL 

Col iii. pi. 414 (1826); Naum. Vog. Deutschl v. pi. 130 (1826); 
Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 154 (1831) ; Temm. Man. oVOra. pt. iii. 

p. 294 (1835) ; Werner, Atlas Zygodactyles, Suppl pi. 2; Gould, 
B. Eur. iii. pi. 241 (1837); Nordm. in Demid. Voy. Buss, mind. 
iii. p. 208 (1840); Schl. Rev. Crit. p. 51 (1844); Thompson, B. 
Irel i. p. 364 (1849) ; Hewits. Ibis, 1859, p. 70, pi. ii. figs. 1, 2 ; 
Allen, Ibis, 1862, pp. 357, 358; Cochrane, Ibis, 1863, p 301; 
Chambers, Ibis, 1863, p. 474; Wright, Ibis, 1804, p. 50; Smith, 
Ibis, 1808, p. 448; Hurting, Handb. Brit B. p. 123 (1872) ; 
Wright, Ibis, 1874, p. 232 ;' Danford, Ibis, 1878, p. 7; Seebohm, 
Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 380 (1884); Beichen. J.f.O. 1887, j>. 58. 
(Joucou huppe noir et blanc, Month, Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 302 (1779). 
Pisan Cuckow, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 520 (1782), 
Bee Cuckoo, Bruce, Trav. Abyss, v. App. p. 179 (1790). 
Cuculus pisanus, Gm. Syst, Nat. L p. 410 (1788). 
Abyssinian Ouckow, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. ii. p. 139 (1801). 
Cuculus abyssinicus. Lath. Bid. Otm. Suppl. p. xxxi (1801). 
Cuculus melissophonus, Vieill. N. Diet. dHist. Nat. viii. p. 230 

(1817); Bonn, et Vieill Enc. Meth. p. 1334 (1823). 

Coccyzus pisanus, Bonn, et Vieill. Enc. Meth. p. 1349 (1823); 
Savlgn. Dese. Egypte, pi. iv. fig. 2; Audouin, Expl. Soman, p. 332 
(1825) ; Bom, Orn. Broveng. pi. 68 (1820). 

Coccystes pisanus, Savi, Orn. Tosc. i. p. 154 (1827). 
Coccyzus glandarius, Savi, Orn. Tosc. i. p. 154 (1827): Bilpp. Neae 


Wirb., Vog. p. 62 (1835). 
Cuculus gracilis, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl p. 154 (1831). 
Cuculus macrurus, Brehm, t. c. p. 153, 
Coccystes glandarius, Gloger, Handb. Vog. Eur. p. 451 (1834) ; 

Keys. u. Bias. Wirb. Eur. p. 34 (1840); Muhle, Beitr. Orn. 
Griechenl p. 29 (1844); Heugl. Syst. Uebers. p. 48 (1856); 


1 . COCCYSTES. 
213 
Linderm. Vog. Griechenl p. 39 (1860); Heugl. J. f. 0. 1802 

p. 34; Cab. §• Seine, Mus. Rein. Tli. iv. p. 44 (18G3) ; Sell Mus. 
Bays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 44 (1863); Heugl J. f. O. 1804, p. 204; 
Gic/lioli, Ibis, 1865, p. 58; Heugl. 6m. JST.0.-Aft. ii. p. 786 
(1870); Gray, HancU. B. ii. p. 220,110. 9000 (1870); Finsch 
§ Earth Vog. Ostafr. p. 518 (1870); Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 485; 
id. Cat. Aft, B. p. 12 (1871); Salvad. Faun. Ital, Ucc. p. 42 
(1871); Gumey in Anderss. B. Dam.-Ld. p. 225 (1872); Shelley. 
B. Egypt, p. 162 (1872); id. $ Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 286; 
Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 593; Antin. # Salvad. Viaqg. Bogos, 
p. 48 (1873); Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 52; Dresser, B. Bur. v. 
p. 219, pi. 300 (1874); Reichen. Jf 0.1875, p. 3; Eruper, J.f. 0. 
1873, p. 27; Gadow, t e. p. 401; My, B. Gibr. p. 69 (1875); 
Bartlett, Ibis, 1876, pp. 91, 200; Blanf. East. Persia, ii. p. 120 
(1876); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 145 (1877-78) ; Reichen. J. f. 0. 
1877, p. 16; Ayres, Ibis, 1879, p. 298; Newt. ed. Tarr. Brit. B. 
ii. p. 408 (1881); Giglioli, Ibis, 1881, p. 191; Salvin, Cat. StricU. 
Coll. p. 436 (1882) ; B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 84 (1883); Tristr. 
Faicn.fy Flor. Palest p. 90 (1884) ; Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. 
p. 432 (1884); id. ed. Bayard's B. S. Aft. p. 157 (1884); Salvad. 
Ann. Mus. Civic. Genov. (2) i. p. 94 (1884); Beid, Ibis, 1885, 
p. 247; Bohm, J.f 0. 1885, pp. 41, 56; Fischer, t c. p. 124; 
Ayres, Ibis, 1886, p. 291; Giglioli, Avif. Ital. p. 210 (1886); Tait, 
Ibis, 1887, p. 307 ; Symonds, t. c. p. 329; Reichen. J. f. 0.1887, 
p. 58 ; Matsch. t. c. p. 140; Salvad. Blenc. Ucc. Ital. p. 72 (1887) ; 
id. Ann, Mus. Civic. Genov. (2) vi. p. 215 (1888); Norman, Ibis, 
1888, p. 397. 
Oxylophus 
glandarius, Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. 8? N. Amer. p. 40 
(1838); Gray, Gen. B. iCp. 464 (1847); Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. 
Soc. p. 74 (1849); Bp. Comp. i. p. 102 (1850); StricU. P. Z. S, 
1850, p. 219; Brehm, Nairn. 1855, p. 271; Hartl Orn. W.-Afr. 

p. 188 (1857); Jaub. $ Barth.-Lapomm. Rich. Orn. p. 338 (1859) ; 
Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 316; Speke, Ibis, 1860, p. 245; Hartl J.f. 0. 
1861, p. 265; Heugl in Peterm. Mitth. 1861, p. 25; Gray, List Brit 
B. p. 118 (1863); Gould, B. Gt. Brit iii. pi. 69 (1863); Allen, Ibis, 
1864, p. 25; Scl P. Z. S. 1866, p. 22; Tristr. Ibis, 1866, p. 64; 
Lilford, t. c, pp. 174, 187; Tristr. t. c. p. 281; Degl § Gerbe, Orn. 
Eur. i. p. 164 (1867); Taylor, Ibis, 1867, p. 55; Drake, t c. p. 425; 
Loche, Expl. Sc. Alger., Ois. ii. p. 74 (1867); Layard, B. S. Afr. 
p. 251 (1867); Doderl. Avif Sicil p. 54 (1869); Drake, Ibis, 
1869, p. 152; Saunders, t c. pp. 180, 401; id. Ibis, 1871, p. 66; 
Fritsch, Vog. Eur. p. 78, tab. xiii. tig. 12 (1871); Peh. Ibis, 1873, 
p. 34; Hartl Abhandl nat. Ver. Bremen, viii. p. 210 (1881) ; 
Irby, Ibis, 1883, p. 179. 
Ouculus phaiopterus, Riipp. in Mus. Lugd.,fide Bp. Consp. i. p. 102 
(1850). 

Adult male. Upper half of the head pale grey, -with narrow 
"black shafts to the feathers ; remainder of the upper parts ashy 
brown; a well-marked and broad buff collar on the sides of the 
neck; all the wing-feathers with conspicuous white ends; upper 
tail-coverts often tipped with white and with a large amount of 
white on the outer ones; tail-feathers tipped with white, more 
broadly on the outer ones ; under surface white, shaded with buff 
on the throat; under wing-coverts buff; quills brownish ashy, 
with small white tips. Iris dark brown; bil dusky black, 

214 
CUCULIDJS. 

yellowish a the base of the lower mandible; legs leaden grey. 

Total length 16 inches, culmen 1-2, wing 8-5, tail 8-8, tarsus 1*3. 

Adult female. Appears to resemble the male, but probably takes 

a considerable time to gain the full plumage, as most of the adult 

hen birds have a 
tinge of chestnut on the wing, though not so 

strongly developed as in the young birds. Total length 15*4 

inches, culmen 1*2, wing 7*7, tail 8'8, tarsus 1*2. 

Immature. Differs 
from the adult in having the upper half of 

the head black, the greater portion of the quills chestnut, and the 

throat darker and shaded with rufous. 

Hah. Southern and Central Europe, as far east as Persia, 

wintering in Africa. 

a, $ ad. sk. Seville, Spain, May 18 (Ruiz). Sharpe Coll. 

b. § acl. sk. Aranjuez, Spain, May. Seebohm Coll. 
o. (S juv. sk. Tangier (Favier). Gould Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Tangier, March 20 (G. & >$'.). Shelley Coll. 
e. 2 ad. sk. Ain Moudijat, Algeria, June 5 Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
(0. Salvin). 
/: c? ad. sk. Baba Tekesei, Asia Minor, Tweeddale Coll. 
May 15 (T. Bohsori). 

g. <$ ad. sk. Plain of Gennesaretk. Canon Tristram |"C.J. 
h. Ad. sk. Midian. 
Sir R. Burton HP".]. 
i, h, h $ ad.; m, Egypt, March (G. R S.). Shelley Coll. 
n, o. J ad. et 
juv. sk. 

p. 
tf ad. sk. Jur Gattas, Upper "White Nile, F. Bohndoiff [C.]. 
Nov. 
q. Ad. sk. River Gambia. Sharpe Coll. 
r. 
Juv. sk Connor's Hill, Cape Coast, Sharpe Cull. 
Dec. (H. T. UssJier). 
s. 
Juv. sk. Accra, Feb. 12 (T. B. Buck-Shelley CoU. 
%)• 
L Ad. sk. Near Rustenberg, Eastern F. A. Barratt, Esq. 
Transvaal. to.] 

u. Ad. sk. 
Modder River, Orange Free F. A. Barratt, Esq. 

State. 
[C] 

v. 2 juv. sk. 
Bloemfontein, Jan. 5. Dr. Extern [P.]. 

w. Ad. sk. 
Kingwilliamstown, British Mai or II. Trevelvan 

Oaffraria. 

pp.]. 

A'-fi-'. S ad. • b'~ Otjimbinque, Damara-Land, "" 
^.?ad.;/',^ Dec, Jan., March (Cy. J. 

Sharpe and Slu43ey 

h'. Juv. sk. 

Andersson). 

Colls. 

i'-?n'. (S ad.sk Ondonga, Ovampo-Land, Nov. 

(C. J. Andersson). 
n'. Skeleton. 
Purchased. 

2. Coccystes coromandus. 
Le Coucou hupe' de Coroniandel, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 147, pi. xi. A.fi«%1 
(1760). ° 
Cuculus coromandus, Linn. Si/st Wat. i. p. 171 (17G6). 
Coucou kuppe" de Coromandel, Bauhent. Bh Bah vi. pi. 274 (ex

Briss.). 

1 . COCCYSTES. 215 
Le Coucou Impje a collier, Month. Hist. Nat Ois. v. p. 388 (1770). 
Collared Cnckow, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 520 (1782). 
Le Coucou a collier Wane, Levaill Ois. aVAfr. v. pi. 213 (1800) ; 

Sundev. Krit. om Levaill. p. 47 (1858). 
Cuculus collaris, Vieill N. Diet. Hist. Nat viii. p. 299 (1817) ; 
Bonn, et Vieill JSnc. Meth. p. 1333 (1.823). 
Cuculus coromandelicus, 8. Mull. Natarl. Gesch. Land- en Volkenk. 

p. 234, note (1839-44). 
Oxylophus coromandus, Jerd. Madr. Jouvn. xi. p. 272 (1840); Blyth, 
J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 920 (1842); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 464 (1847) • 
Blyth, Cat B. Mus. As. 8oc. p. 74 (1849); Bp. Consp. i. p. 102 
(1850); Licht. Nomencl. Av. Berol p. 79 (1854); Motley $ 
Dilkv. Labium N. H. p. 55 (1855); My, Ibis, 1861, p. 230; 
Sclat. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 209. 
Oxylophus coromandus vel rubrarmus, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. 
Mus., Passeres, pi. 345.fia\<». 1, 2 (no. 011); id. in Gray's Zool, 
Misc. p. 85 (1844). 

Coccystes coromandus, Horsf. fy Moore. Cat. B. Mus. B. I. Co. ii 

p. C93 (1854); Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 459; Jerd. B. Lid. I 
p. 341 (1862); Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 45 (1862); 8cM. 
Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 43 (1863); Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 304; 
8tcinh. Ibis, 1867, p. 227; Bulger, Ibis, 1869, p. 169; Gray, 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 220, no. 906 (1870); 8wn?t. P. Z. S. 1871, 
p. 394; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 432; Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. 
B. p. 138 (1873); 8alvad. Ucc. Born. p. 67 (1874); Blyth § 
Walden, B. Burm. p. 81 (1875); Hume, 8tr. F. 1876, p. 82; 
Briiggem. Abhandl not. Ver. Bremen, v. p. 465 (1876) ; David fy 
Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 71 (1877); Hume <§• Davis. 8tr. F. 1878, 

p. 162; 8harpe, Ibis, 1878, p. 414; Tweedd P. Z. S. 1878, p. 946 • 
Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 249 (1879); Hume, 8tr. F. 1879, p. 89; 
8cully, t. c. p. 257; Wardlmo-Bamsai/, App. Tweedd. Mem. p. 65Q 
(1881) ; 8imson, Ibis, 1882, p. 87; Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Colly.437 
(1882) ; Midler, J.f.O. 1882, p. 406; Blasius, J.f. 0.1883, p. 155; 
Oates, B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 117 (1883); Guillem. P. Z. S. 1885, 
p. 406; Biittik. Notes Leyd. Mus. ix. p. 29 (1886); Vordevm. 
Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl Ind. xlri. p. 10 (1886); Norman, Ibis, 
1888, p. 400; Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 12. 
Adult male. Entire upper half of trie head black, strongly glossed 
with blue on the crest; across the back of the neck a clear white 
collar; back black, strongly glossed with greenish blue, and 
passing into glossy olive-green on the scapulars and inner portion 
of the wings ; remainder of the wings chestnut, with brown ends to 
the quills; tail glossy violet-black, most of the feathers, especially 
the outer ones, partially tipped with white; throat chestnut-buff; 
chest huffish white; flanks, abdomen, and thighs greyish ash, 
passing into violet-black on the under tail-coverts ; under surface 
of the wings chestnut, fading into buff towards the least coverts, 
and into brown at the ends of the quills: " iris dark brown ; bill 
black, with the pale basal portion of lower mandible light grey; 
legs, feet, and claws slaty blue " (J. Darling). Total length 16 
inches, culmen 1-1, wing 6-8, tail 10, tarsus 1. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male, but smaller. 
Total length 15 inches, culmen 1-2, wing 6-1, tail 9, tarsus 1. 

216 CXJCTJLIDJ3. 

Colonel Legge states that the female bird Is larger than the male, 
but this is not borne out by the series in the Museum. 

Nestling. Differs from the adult in haying most of the feathers 
of the upper parts tipped with rufous, the collar being shaded with 
rufous; the tail-feathers broadly tipped with pale sandy buff; 
the throat buny white like the chest, and the under tail-coverts 
rufous-buff. Total length 13-8 inches, wing 6*3. 

Hah. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, throughout the Burmese 
countries to China, southwards throughout the Malayan Peninsula 
to Java, Sumatra, the Philippines, Borneo, and Celebes. 

a, <$ ad. sk. 

b, Ad. sk. 

c, S ad. sk. 

(I. $ ad. sk. 
e. Ad. ske 
•f. <$ ad. sk. 
g. Ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
?", h. Ad. sk. 
/, m. Ad. sk. 
n-p. Ad. sk. 
q. Ad. sk. 
r. Ad. sk. 
s, t. 5 ad. et tf 
imm. sk. 

u. $ ad. sk. 
v-y. Ad. et 
imm. sk. 

z. Ad. sk. 
a'. 2 ad. sk. 
V, c'. Ad. sk. 
dJ. Ad. sk. 

e. $ ad. sk. 
f'-ti. Ad. et 

imm. sk. 
l'~t'. Ad. j u', 
Imm. sk. 
v'-z'. Ad.sk. 

a", b". Ad. i c". 
Pull. sk. 
JV f . Ad.sk. 

Tientsin, China (Capt. Bice). 
Amoy, China, May (J?. 

SwinJioe). 
Ningpo, China, May (H. 
SwinJwe). 

Zamboanga, Mindanao, March 

(A. Everett). 
Labuan, Borneo (J. Motley). 
Sarawak. 
Banjerniassing (J. Motley). 
Singapore (Capt. Charlton). 
Malacca (Dr. Maingay). 
Malacca, July (W. Davison). 
Penang (Dr. Canto?-). 
Cambodia (Monhot). 
Siam. 
Kaukaryit, Tenasserim, June, 
Aug. (J. Darling). 
Meeta Myo, April 19 (W. 
Davison). 

Lower Pegu, May, Aug., 

Sept., Bee. 
Thayetmyo (E. W. 0.). 
Thayetmyo, Sept. 17 (R. G. 

t W. JR.). 

Tippera. 
Dacca. 
Sadhyia, Assam, June 18 


(/. Cockburn). 
Darjiling, April. 


Sikhim, March, June, Aug. 
to Dec. (L. Mandelli). 
Native Sikhim, April, May, 
July (L. Mandelli). 
Nepal. 

Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). 

Gould Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Governor Us^her [0.]. 
Wallace Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
India Miibeum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 


II. C. V. Hunter. E-n. 
[P.]. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Oates Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Cull. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 

(Type of C.rubrarmus.) 
India Museum. 

/". cS ad. sk. Godavery, Nepal Valley, Hume Coll. 
T&uyld (J. 8euHy). 
g1'. <$ ad. sk, Madras. Hume Coll. 
lin. $ ad. sk. Kotagherry, Nilgkiris, Dec. -5 Hume Coll, 
(Miss CoeJcburn), 

1 . COCCYSTES. 
217 
i". Ad. sk. Tricliinopoly. Hume Coll. 
k"-n". Ad. sk. Ceylon (//. Nevill). Tweeddalo Coll. 
o". J ad. sk. Oolumbo, Ceylon, Feb. 9 ITumo Coll. 

(Hart), 
p". $ ad. sk. Ragani Korale, Ceylon, Dec. Hume Coll. 
30,1878 (Hart), 
q". $ ad. sk. Manaar, Cejlon, March (Tlr. Seebolmi Coll. 

V. Legge). 
r", s''. Bones oftrunk. 
Nepal ' Hodgson Coll. 
t". Sternum. Pegu. Oates Coll. 

3. Coccystes jacobiims. 
Coucou liupe de la cote de Coromandel, Daubent. PI. Enl. vi. pi. 872 
(nee Briss.). 
Jacobin liuppe" cle Coromandel. Month. Hist. Nat. Ois. \i. p. 380 
(1779). 

Coromandel Crested Cuckoo, Lath, Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 520 (1782). 

Cuculus jacobinus, Bodd. Tall. PL Enl p. 53 (1783). 

Cuculus melanoleucus, Gm. Syst Nat. i. p. 416 (1788). 

Le Coucou Edolio feinelle, Levaill. Ois. Afr. v. p]. 208 (1800) ; 

Simdev. Krit. om Levaill. p. 47 (1857). 
Cuculus serratus $, StepJi. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 114, pi. 23 (1815). 
Cuculus edolius §, Cuv. Itegne Anim. i. p. 425 (1817): Blyth, 

J. A. S. B. 1842, p. 921. 
Ouculus pica, Henipr. fy Ehr. Symb. Phys. fol. 2, note (1828). 
Oxyloplms edolius, Jerd. Madr. Jour. xi. p. 222 (1840). 
Coccyzus serratoides, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. Mus., Passeres, 
pi. 346 (no. 612]; unde 
Oxyloplms serratoides, Hodgs. in Grayh Zool. Misc. p. 85 (1844). * 
Oxyloplms afer, Gray, Cat. Mamm. etc. Nepal pres. Hodys. p. 118 

(1846); id. Gen. B. ii. p. 464 (1847); Beichen. J. f. 0. 1887, 

p. 58. 
Oxyloplms melanoleucus, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 74 (1847); 
Ay res, Ibis, 1871, p. 261; Hume, Str. F. 1876, p. 81. 
Oxyiopbus 
serratus (nee Sparrm.), Strickl. P. Z. S. 1850, p. 210; 
Hartl. Orn. West-Afr. p. 267 (1857) ; AnUn. Cat. deser. Ucc. 

p. 82 (1864); Socage, Jom. Lisb. ii. p. 40 (1868). 
Coccystes melanoleucus, Horsf.tyMoore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. 
p. 694 (1856)j Jerd. B. Ind. ii. p. 339 (1862); id. Ibis, 1872, 
p. 15. 
Coccyzus leucomelas, C. melanoleucus, C. color, Brehm,Allq. Natur. 
Zeitschr. 1856, p. 459 (teste Heugl). 
Coccystes jacobinus, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 45 (1862); Sold. 
Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 44 (1864); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 220, 
no. 9062 (1870) ; Holdsiu. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 432; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 
1873, p. 597; Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. p. 137 (1873); id. 
Str. F. 1873, p. 173; Adams9 t. c. p. 573; Hayes Lloyd, Ibis, 
1873, p. 40; Antin. fy Salvad. Viagg. Bogos, p. 49 (1873); BucJdeu, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 367; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 367; Ball, Str. F. 
1874, p. 394,1875, p. 290 ; Morgan, Ibis, 1875, p. 315; Blyth # 

Wald. B. Burm. p. 81 (1875) ; Fairb. Str. F. 1876, p. 255; Hume, 

t.c. p. 457; Gadow, J. f. O. 1876, p. 404; Hume, Str. F. 1877, 
p. 27; Butler, t. c. p. 327 ; Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 146 (1877-81); 
Wardlaio Bamsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 456; Davids. §• Wenden, Str. F. 
218 ovcxjLsnm. 

1878, p. 70 j Butler, t. c. p. 181; Ball, op. cit 1878, p. 207; 
Cripps, t e. p. 205; Legye, B. Ceylon, p. 21G (1870); Hume, Sir. 

F. 1^79, p. 80; Ihddulph,Ibis, 1881, p. 50; Gnmey, t. c. p. 128; 
SJielley, Ibis, 1882, p. 165; Holub § Von Peh. Bettr. Orn. S. Afr. 
p. 165 (1882); Salvin Cat. StricU. Coll. p. 436 (1882) • Butler, 
Feilden, $ Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 227; Oates, B. Brit. Burm. ii. 
p. 118 (1883); Parler, Bis, 1883, p. 197 ; Sharpc, ed. Bayard's B. 
8. Afr. pp. 158, 810 (1884) ; Swinh. Ibis, 1885, p. G3 ; Smnonds, 
llm, 1887, p. 320; Norman, Ibis, 1888, p. 402. 
Oxyloplius jacobinus, Cass. Proc. PJdlad. Acad. 1856, p. 321: Ilevgl. 
Om. Kb.-Afr. ii. pp. 788, clxiii (1870); Blanf. Geol § Zool. 
Abyss, p. 313 (1870) ; id. Ibis, 1870, p. 4G5 ; Finsch, Trans. Zool 
Soo. yii. p. 286 (1870); Giimey in Anderss. B. Bam.-Ld. p. 225 
(1872); Blanf. Ibis, 1872, p. 86; Uartl. Abhandl. nat. Ter. 

Bremen, vii. p. 114 (1881). 

Ooccystes pica, Cab. Sf Heine, Mas. Hein. iv. p. 46 (1862); Gray. 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 220, no. 9065 (1870); Cab. J.f.O. 1878, p. 237 • 
Fischer $r Beichen. J. f O. 1879, p. 342 ; Salvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. 
Genov. (2) i. p. 05 (1884); Matscli. J.f.O. 1887, p. 140. 

Coccysies serrate (nee Sparrm.), Gadoio, J.f.O. 1876, p. 401. 

Adult male. Above black, glossed with green ; about one quarter 
of tbe basal portion of the primaries white, forming a broad band 
halfway across the wing; tail-feathers with white ends, broadest 
on the outer ones: beneath white, generally washed with buff and 
with a dusky shade near the back of the thigh-coverts; the dusky 
bases of the feathers often showing through, and faintly-developed 
shaft-stripes on the throat being sometimes visible; under wing-
coverts buff, the lower series dusky black: "iris dark brown; bill 
black; legs plumbeous brown " {Butler). Total length 12*8 inches, 
culmen 0*9, wing 6, tail 7*2, tarsus 1*1. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 12*75 inches, 
wing 5*8, tail 6-75, tarsus 1. 

Nestling. Above brown, slightly darker on the crown, and more 
ashy on the forehead; wings with a few of the feathers broadly 
tipped wTith buff, and with no white base to the quills; tail brown, 
passing into buff on the outer feathers • sides of the head brown; 
throat grey, shading into buff on the remainder of the nnderparts : 
bill and legs yellow. Total length 6*8 inches, wing &2. 

Fidl-grotuii young. Yery similar in plumage to the nestling, but 
with the pale bases to the primaries as in the adult, but fulvescent 
in colour; all the tail-feathers with fulvous tips, broadest towards 
the outor ones ; the grey of the throat is more restricted to the 
region of the chin : bill and legs darker, the upper mandible and 
legs brown. Total length 10-7 inches, wing 5'5. 

Indian specimens of C. jacobmiis are precisely similar to African. 
The wing in both sexes varies from 5*4 to 6 inches in Indian 
examples, the Ceylonese birds being rather smaller than those from 
the Indian Peninsula. In two instances the wing is 6*1 inches in 
length, but the sex is not marked in either case. African birds 
have similar dimensions, the largest specimen being from Eiballa 
with a wing of 6*3 inches. 

1 . COCCTSTES. 219 
Bab. The whole of Africa south of the Sahara; India generally 
and Ceylon to the Burmese countries. 

a. Ad. sk. Dakar, Senegal (A. Marche).
b. tf ad. sk. Waliko, Bogos-Land, July 21.
c. 5 ad. sk. 
d-f. Ad. sk. 
g h. Ad. sk. 

i. Ad. sk. 
k, I, m. Ad. sk. 

n. Ad. sk. 
o. Ad. sk. 
p, q. Ad. et juv. 
sk. 
r,s. Ad.sk. 

t, u, v. Ad. et juv.

sk. 

w. <$ ad. sk. 
%rt y. Ad. sk. 
z. Ad. sk. 
a\ Ad. sk. 
V. $ ad. sk. 
c'. S ad. sk, 
d'-i'. Ad; k\ 
Imm. sk. 

t. $ ad. sk. 
m'. <$ ad. sk. 

n'. <$ ad. sk. 

o'. J ad. s^. 

y . tf ad. sk. 
q\ Ad. sk. 
/ . Ad. sk. 
*'. Ad. sk. 
t', u'. $ imm. 

sk. 
v'. Ad. sk. 
w\ x*. Ad. sk. 
y'; «'. d ? ad. sk. 

a". $ ad. sk. 
b". Ad. sk. 

c". Ad. sk. 

dn 

. Imm. sk. 
<?''. Ad. sk. 

Waliko, Aug. 3 (W. Jesse). 
Kilimanjaro, Jan. 24. 


Mombasa. 
Mombasa (Wakefield). 

Mamboio (Sir J. Kirk). 
Dar-es-Salaam (E. C. Buxton). 
Pangani River (Sir J. Kirk). 
Tete, Zambesi. 

Makalaka Country (Dr. Bradskaw). 
Biballa, Mossamedes (J. An


chieta). 
Humbe, Nov. (J. Anchieta). 
Damara-Land, Dec. 28 (C. J. 

Andersson). 

Lake Ngarni. 
South Africa. 
Colombo, Ceylon, March 12. 
Colombo, Dec. 28 (Hart). 
Ceylon, November. 


Rameswaren Island, March 17


(A. 0. H). 
Coonoor, Nilghiris. Aug. 23(JR. Q. W. B.) 
Kollar, Mysore. April 13 (B. G.
W.B.) 

Muddur, Mysore, May 22

( W. Davison). 
Belgaum, Aug. 25 (E. A.
Btttler). 
Madras, April (W. Davison).
Madras (T. C. Jerdtm).
Deccan (Sykes).
Ahmednuggur, Oct., Nov. (S.

B. Fairbank). 
Matheran, Nov.
Khandeish.
Khandeish, June, July (J.


Davidson). 

Mhow, Oct. C. 
Kattiawar, June 11. 


Sindh. 
Sindh (If. Gould). 
Deesa. 


 Mons. A. Bouvier 
[P.]. 

 "W. T. Blanford, Esq. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

F. J. Jackson, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Rev. A. Buxton [P.]. 

R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sir J/Kirk ["O.J. 

Shelley Coll. 


 Sharpe Coll. 


Shelley Coll. 


Sharpe Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 
Sir A. Smith [C.]. 


Colonel Legge [P.J. 


Hume Coll. 


Tweeddale Coll. 


 Hume Coll. 


 Tweeddale Coll. 


 Tweeddale Coll. 


 Hume Coll. 


 Hume Coll. 


 Hume Coll. 


 Gould Coll. 
India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

Colonel SwinhoepP.]. 
Colonel Hayes Lloyd 

[p.]. • 
Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 
Colonel Butler [0.]. 

220 

/". <? ad. sk. 

f/", #'. 6 $ ad. 
sk. 
i", h". Imm. sk. 

1". 5 ad. sk. 

«i". Ad. sk. 

n'\ Ad. sk. 

°",p"-6 ? ad. 

sk. 

g",r",s". Ad. sk. 

*", «'>"• Ad. sk. 

™Vr',*/V>3. 

Ad. sk. 
V, c3. Ad. sk. 
<f, ez,f. Ad. sk. 
r/3. c? ad. sk. 
P, i\ Ad. sk. 
hz, Juv. sk. 


/3, m. Ad. sk. 

w:!, o3. c? ad. ;pn. 
tf -juv. sk. 

f. Ad. sk. 
r3. 2 ad.; s3. 
Pull. sk. 
tx Ad. sk. 
w3. Ad. sk. 
v3. Ad. ,• so3. Juv. 

sk. 
x*, if. <S $ ad. 
sk. 
s3. tf ad. sk. 

a1. Juv. sk. 
b\ $ ad. sk. 

cl. c? ad.; #, c1. 
$ ad. sk. 
fK Ad. sk. 

tg\hK d $ ad.sk. 

C0XJTJLID2E. 

Anadra, Mt. Aboo, July 6 

(G. King). 
Sambhur, Aug., Sept. (B. M. 
Adam). 
Sultanptir, Gurgaon (W, JST. 

cm).

Umbala. 

Lahore (C II. T. Marshall). 

Murree. 

Simla, July, Sept. (B, C. 

Beavan).

Simla, July. 


Masuri. 


Dehra Dkoon. 


Nairn Tal, Sept. 
Kumaon (Stracliey). 
Almora, Aug. 13. 
Nepal. 
Etawah, 


Mogulserai, Oudh, Jan.. Nov. 


(W.U.Brooks). 

Futteligurh Distr., July, Aug. 

(A. Anderson). 
Saugor (Hooper). 
Saugor, July. 
Jliansie, Aug. 
Calcutta, Jan. 
Dacca. 

Shillorig, Assam (J. Cockbum). 

Siong, Khasia Hills, Aug. 

(A. W. Chennell). 
Dilkuslia, Cacbar (/. Inglis). 
Manipur, May 23 (A. 6. H.). 
Thayetmyo, Sept. (B. G. 
W. It.).
Pegu. 

Palow and Poulay, Upper Pegu, 

May, Aug. (B. W. 0.). 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Seebolim Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Colonel Way [P.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Pinwill Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Seebolim Coll. 

India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Plume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. ' 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
[C.]. 
Oates Coll. 

Subsp. a. Coccystes hypopinarms. (Plato XI. fig. 2.) 

Coccystes hypopinarfus, Cab. fy Heine, Mas. Hein. Tb. iv. p. 47 
(1862); Norman, Bis, 1888, p. 406. 
Coccystes jacobinus (nee Bodd.), Barratt> Ibis, 1876, p. 200 ; Ayres, 
Ibis, 1876, p. 432,1877, p. 342; Reichen. J.j. 0. 1877, p. 16. 

AdulL Similar to C. jacobinus, but differs in having a dull ashy-
grey shade on the throat, breast, and abdomen, the throat having 
also some dusky streaks. Total length 12-7 inches, cnlrnen 0*8, 
wing 6-2, tail 7*2, tarsus PI . 

The length of wing varies from 5-8 to 6-2 inches. 

1 . COCCYSTES. 221 
Hah, This is a grey-chested race of 0. jacobinus "which occurs in 
South-eastern Africa, extending, according to Dr. Reichenow, to the 
Loango coast in South-western Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. S.E. Africa. Seebohm Coll. 
b. tfad.sk. Eland's Post, S.E. Africa (T. C.
Atmore). 
Sharpe Coll. 
c. d. Ad. sk.
e,f. Ad. sk.
g. $ juv. sk.
k. Ad. sk. 
Bin-ban, Natal (J. Gordge). 
Natal (T. Ay res). 
Natal, March 2(5 (W. Arnold). 
Pretoria (J. Pratt). 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
i. Ad. sk.
k. Ad. sk. 
Between Pretoria and Rustenberg. 
Transvaal (T. Ay res). 
F. A. Barratt, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Sharpe Coll. 
I, m. 6 $ acl.sk. Transvaal, Nov. (T.
ley), 
E. BuckShelley 
Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. Potchefstroom. E. A. Barratt, Esq. 

Subsp. ft. Coccystes caroli. (Plate XL fig. 1.) 
Coccystes caroli, Norman, Ibis, 1888, p. 407. 

Adult. Similar to O. jacobinus, but differing in its larger size and 
in the dusky streaks on the throat. Total length 14 inches, culmen 
1, wiug 6*7, tail 8*9, tarsus 1*15. 

Hah. Ogowe River, Gaboon. 

a. Ad. sk. / Ogowe River. H. T. Ansell, Esq.. (Type of 
C. caroli.) 
4. Coccystes cafer. 
Cuculub cater, Licht. Cat. rer, nat. Hamb. p. 14 (1793). 
Vari&e du Coucou Edolio, LemilL Ois. d'Afr. v. p. 44, pi. 209 
(1806) * Sundev. Krvb. om Levaill. p. 47 (1857). 
Cuculus afer, Leach. Zool Misc. i. p. 72, pi, 31 (1814): Steph. Gen. 
Zool. ix. p. 115, pi. 24 (1815). 
Ooccyzus levaillantii, Sivains. Zool. Illustr. 2nd series, i. pi. 13 

(1829). 
Cuculus levaillantii, Less. TraiU, p. 148 (1831). 
Oxylophus vaillantii, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 18'2 (1837). 
Oxylophus ater {nee Gm.), Hiipp. Syst. "Uebers. p. 96 (1845); Bpt 

Consp. i. p. 102 (1850); Hartl Orn. West-Afr. p. 188 (1857). 
Oxylophus afer, Gray} Gen. B. ii. p. 404 (1847); Heugl. Syst. Uebers, 

p. 48 (1850) • Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 253 (1867) ; Heugl. Orn. 
N.O.-Afr. ii. p. 790 (1870); Blanf. Geol. $ Zool. Abyss, p. 312 
(1870); Finsch, Trans. Zool. Soc. viii. p. 285 (1870) ; Harth 
Abhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen, vii. p. 210 (1881); Bbhni, J. /. O. 
1883, p. 166, 1885, p. 41; Schalow, J.f.O. 1880, p. 417. 
Oxylophus levaiilanti, Licht NomencL Av. Berol. p. 78 (1854). 

Coccystes afer, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. Th. iv. p. 48 (18Q2) ; Schl. 
Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 44 (1864) • Antin. <$• Salvad. Viagg. 
Bogos, p. 49 (1878); Beichen. J. f. O. 1875, p. 3• Bocage, Orn. 
Angola, App. p. 542 (1881). 

Coccystes cafer, Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 58; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii* 

222 
CXTOTTLIDJE. 

p. 220, no. 90136 (1870); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 10 (1871); Shelley, 
fy Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 285; Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 53 ; Ayres, 
Ibis, 1884; p. 224; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civic. Genov. (2) i. p. 95 
(1884); Sharpe, eel Layard's B. S. Afr. pp. 158, 810 (1884); id. 
Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 433 (1884) ; Biittik. Notes Leyden Mus. 
vii. p. 225 (1885); Norman, Ibis, 1888, p. 407. 
Oxylophus carer, Gumey in Anderss. B. Dam.-Ld. p. 225 (1872). 
Adult male. Above glossy black : wing-coverts like the back • 

primaries brown, with, a large patch of white at the base; tail-

feathers like the back, with broad white ends; crown of head with 

the occipital crest a little darker than the back; sides of the face 

like the back; remainder of under surface of body white, slightly 

tinged with buff, the socles of the neck, throat, and chest streaked 

with black, diminishing in breadth on the chest,* a few streaks 

sometimes to be seen on the thighs; under wing-coverts buffy 

white, the lower series blackish; axillaries ashy; bill black; feet 

brownish grey ; iris dark brown. Total length 15*5 inches, culmen 

1-2, wing 7*3, tail 10, tarsus 1*15. 

Adult female. Similar to the male. Total length 15 inches, 

culmen 1*2, wing 6-&, tail 8'5, tarsus 1*2. 

The black stripes on the throat and breast vary considerably in 

extent m different individuals, but these variations are not coinci


dent with a difference in locality. 

Young. Brown above, shaded with violet, and mottled with some 
greenish-black feathers; tail decidedly more violet, and having 
only the two outer tail-feathers tipped with white; under surface of 
body whitish, washed with brown on the throat, thighs, and under 
tail-coverts; the dark centres to the feathers of the throat very 
irregularly indicated: bill and feet browner. Total length 13 
inches, wing 6. 

Hcib. West Africa from Senegambia to the Gold Coost; Northeast 
Africa from Bogos-Land touth to the Niam-Niam. country, and 
throughout East Africa to the Zambesi, and from thence southward 
to Natal and westward into Damara-Land. 

a-d. Ad*, sk. River G-ambia. 

e. Ad. sk. River Gambia. GovernorBendallj_P.J. 
/ . Ad. sk. R. Gambia (Sir A. Moloney). Shelley Coll. 
g, h, L Ad. sk. Sierra Leone. Seebohni Coll. 
k, I. Ad. sk. Fantee (H. T. Ussher). Sliarpe Coll. 
m, n. Ad.; o, p. Fantee. A. Swanzy, Esq. [P.I. 
Juv. sk. 

q. Juv. sk. Fantee (Kirby). Shelley Coll. 
r, s, t Ad. sk. Denkera, Jan., Dec. (H. F. Sliarpe Coll. 
Blissett). 
u3 v. Ad. sk. Near Accra, Feb., April (G. E. Shelley OolL 

iv,x,y. r? ad. j Otjimbinque, Damara-Land, Tweeddale Coll. 

z. Juv. sk. March,Nov.(C.J.Andersson). 
a', b'. 
? ad. sk. Weenen, Natal, March 2 ( W. Seebohm Coll. 
Arnold). 

*'. Juv. st. S.E. Africa. 
Sir A. Smith [C.]. 

1 . COCCYSTES. 223 
d'. <$ ad. sk.
o'. $ ad. sk. 
Lydenburg,E. Transvaal, Jime(J. Gordye). 
Tati, Matabele-Land, Oct. 17 
Shelley Coll. 
W. E. & C. G. Oate.s, 
/ , r/. Ad. sk.
h\ Ad. sk.
(P. Oate). 
Makalaka Country (Dr. Bradshaw). 
Dar-es-Salaani, Zanzibar (&>* 
Esqrs. [P.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
z', tf. Ad. sk.
Z'. $ ad. sk.
J. JKrfl:). 
Usarnbara Hills (&V J. ZM) . 
Semmio, Niam-Niam Country,
Eeb. 
Shelley Coll. 
F. Bohndorii [C.]. 
??i'. Ad. sk. Eazoglu, Abyssinia. Seebohm Coil. 
n'-q'. Ad. &k.
r'. cJ ad. sk. 
Bogos-Land, Aug. (IF. Jeste). 
Anseba Valley, July. W. T. Blanford, Ebq. 
[C.]. 

5. Coccystes serratus. 
Cre&ted Black Cuekow, Lath, Gen. Syn. i. pt. 2, p. 519 (1782). 
Cuculus serratus, Sparrm. Mus. Carls, i. pi. iii. (1789); Swidev. Krit. 
om Sparrm. p. 4 (1857); Grill, Zool. Antehi. p. 43 (1859). 
Cuculus ater, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 415 (1788) ; Walden, Ibis, I860. 

p. 336. 
Le Coucou Edolio, Levaill. Ois. d'Afr. v. p. 39, pi. 207 (1806) ; 
Sundev. Krit. om Levaill. p. 47 (1857). 
Cuculus edolius, Cuv. Begne Anim. i. p, 425 (1817); Less. Traite, 

p. 148 (1831). 
Oxylophus edolius, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 322 (1837); Layard, B. 
S.Afr. p. 252(1867). 
Oxylophus serratus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 464 (1847); Blyth, Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 74 (1849); Bp. Consp. i. p. 102 (1850); Licht. 
Nomencl. Av. Berol. p. 78 (1854); Hartl. Orn. West-Afr. p. 267 
(1857J ; Gumey, Ibis, 1869, p. 246; Ayres, t. c. p. 297; Gumey, 
in Anderss. B. Dam.-Ld. p. 226 (1872); id. Ibis, 1873, p. 25. 

Coccystes serratus, Cab. <$f Seine, Mus. Hein. Th. iv. p. 47 (1862); 
SchL Mus, Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 45 (1863): Gray, JSand-l. B. ii. 

p. 220, no. 9064 (1870); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 13 (1871); id. 
Ibis, 1872, p. 68; id. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 599; Layard, P. Z. S. 
1877, p. 465; Ayres, Ibis, 1878, p. 408; Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. 
S. Afr. pp. 160, 810 (1884); Ayres, Ibis, 1885, p. 344; Norman, 
Ibis, 1888, p. 409. 
Adult male. Above and below black, glossed with green; about 
the basal fourth of the primaries white, forming a broad band half 
way across the wing : iris, bill, and legs black. Total length 18 
inches, oilmen 1*1, wing 6'2, tail 7*3, tarsus 1*1. 

Adult female. Similar in colour to the male. Total length 13inches, 
culmen 1*1, wing 6, tail 7*8, tarsus 1*1. 
Eab. South Africa from the Cape Colony to Natal and the 
Transvaal. 

a. Ad. sk. South Africa (K L. Layard). Tweeddale Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. South Africa. Seebohm Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. South Africa. Earl of Derby [P.]* 
224 CTTCUXIDJE. 
d. Ad. sk.
clnim.sk. 
Eland's Post (T. Atmore). 
Grakamstown, Feb. (J". 
Sharpa Coll. 
Sliarpe Coll. 
f. Ad. sk.
</, h. <$ ad. ;
$ ad.sk. 
i.
Atmore). 
Kingwilliamstown. 
Weenen, Natal, Feb., April 
{W. Arnold), 
Major Trevelyan [P.], 
Seebohni Coll. 
k, /. c? $ ad. sk.
m. Ad. sk.
n. <$ ad. sk. 
Weenen (j; Gordge). 
Durban (Gordge), 
Transvaal (T. Ay ret). 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

6. Coccystes albonotatus. 
Coccystes serratus (nee Sparrm.), Cab. J. f. 0. Ib78; p. 237 : Fischer 
$ Reichen. J. f. 0. 1878, p. 253 ; Fischer, t c. p. 291. ' " 
Coccystes albonotatus, Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 594; Gurney, Ibis, 
1882, p. 73; Fischer, J. f. 0. 1885, p. 124 ; Norma)}, Ibis, 1888, 

p. 409. 
Adult (type of species). Very similar to C. serratus, but larger, 
and further differs in having a large white spot on the outer webs 
of the two pairs of outer tail-feathers, and sometimes, as in the type 
specimen, the under tail-coverts are broadly tipped with white. 
Total length 14*8 inches, culmen 1-1, wing 6-5, tail 9, tarsus ]*15. 

A specimen from Mombasa measures :—Total length 1G-4 incheb, 
culmen 1*2, wing 6*3, tail 9*2, tarsus 14. 
Rab. E. Africa from the Usambara Hills to Mombasa. 

a. Ad. sk, Mombasa. Eev. A. F. Buxton "P.l. 
b. Ad. sk. Usambara Hills (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
2. PACHYCOCCYX. 
Type. 
Pachycoccyx, Cab. J. f. 0. 1882, p. 230 P. validus. 
Range* Tropical Africa and Madagascar. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Larger; with no grey on the head nor sides of neck . audeberti, p. 224. 
b. Smaller; with the head and sides of neck grey.... validus, p. "22b. 
1. Pachycoccyx audefterti. 
Cuculus audeberti, Schl Notes Leyden Mus. 1879, p. 99 • Milne-Bdio. 
# Grand. Hist Maday., Ois. i. p. 178, pis. 66 a, 66 b (1879); 
Eeichen. §• Sclialow, J. f. 0.1879, p. 427. 

Adult (type of species). Above brown, with a slight greenish 
gloss; primary-coverts, greater coverts, and quills with their ends 
margined with white; tail-feathers with a terminal blackish band, 
tipped with white and preceded by patches of white on their outer webs • 
under surface of body white, with the cheeks and under wing-coverts 

225 

3. CAXLIECHTHBTTS. 
tinged with rufous-buff; under tail-coverts with a broad black band 
across each feather; bill black; iris black; feet yellow. Total 
length 16*2 inches, culmen 1, wing 9, tail 8*6, tarsus 0*9. (Milne-
Edwards Sf Grandidier.) 

Hob. Madagascar. 

2. Pachycoccyx validus. 
Cuculus validus, Reiclien. Orn. Centralbl. 1879, p. 139; id, 8f Schahw 
J. f. 0. 1879, p. 313 ; Fischer $ Feichen. t. c. p. 341. 
Pachvcoccyx validus, Cab. J. f. 0. 1882, p. 230: Fischer9 J. /. 0. 
188o, p. 124 ; Shelley, F. Z. S. 1888, p. 42. 
Coccystes brazzse, Oust. Le Naturaliste, iii. p. 299 (1886): Norman. 
Ibis, 1888, p. 407. 

Adult (type of Coccystes brazzce, Oust.). Above brownish black 
with a greenish-blue gloss, the white bases of the feathers showing 
through on the nape and back of the neck; the lateral upper tail-
coverts notched or partially barred with white; the ends of all but 
the two centre tail-feathers white; tail beneath with a broad subterminal 
bar and about three partial bars on a dusky silvery ground; 
under surface of the body white, with a dusky shade on the sides of 
the breast; under tail-coverts with three broad, nearly perfect, bars; 
under wing-coverts white• under surface of the quills dusky silvery 
grey, inclining to white towards the base of the inner webs; nostrils 
linear and horizontal; bill broad and black, with the base of the 
upper and most of the lower mandible yellow; cere, eyelids, and feet 
yellow (J. Be Brazza). Total length 13 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 
8*4, tail 8*3, tarsus 0*85. 

Ecib. Prom the interior of G-aboon to Equatorial Africa, and 
East Africa. 

a. Pull. sk. Gaboon. 
P. B. DuChaillu, Esq. [0.]. 
b. 2 
juv- sk. Tingasi, Equatorial Africa, Emin Pasha [P.]. 
Aug. 2, 1883. 
3. 
CALLIECHTHRUS. _ 
Type. 
Simotes, Myth, Journ. As. Soc. xv. p. 19 (1846, nee 
Fischer, 1829, Mamm.) 0. leucolophus. 
Oalliechthrus, Cab.fy Heine, Mm. Rein. iv. p. 31, note 
(1862) 0. leucolophus. 
Eange. New Guinea 5 Salwati; Waigiou; MysoL 

1. Calliechthrus leucoloplius. 
Cuculus leucolophus, S. Mull. Verh. Zand-en Volkenh. p. 22 (183944) 
; Schl. Randl. Dierk. i. p. 204, pi. iii. fig. 33 (1857); Gray, 

P. Z. S. 1858, p. 195; id. Cat. Mamm. etc. New Guinea, pp.44,60 
(1859); id. F. Z. S. 1861, p. 437 j Schl. Mm. Fays-Bas, Cuculi, 
p. 16 (1864); Gray, Mand4. B. ii. p. 216, no. 9012 (1870); Beecari, 
Ami. Mus. Civic. Genov. vii. p. 715 (1875) ; id. Ibis, 1876, 
p. 253. 
VOL. XIX, Q. 
226 
CVCVLWJE. 

Simotes albivertex, Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xv. pp. 15,283 (1846) ; 

id. Cat. B. 3fus. As. Soc. p. 75 (1849). 
Cuculus albivertex, Gray, Gen. B. iii. App. p. 23 (1849). 
Simotes leucolopkus, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. xix (\8D2). 
Hierococcyx leucolophus, S. Midi. Verh. Land- en Volkenk. p. 233, 

note (1839-44); Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 104 (1850) ; id. Consp. Valuer. 
Zygod. p. 7 (1854); Scl. Proc. Linn. Soc. Zoo/, ii. p. 166 (1858) ; 
Bosenb. Natuurk. Tijdsch\ Ned. Ind. xxv. p. 229 (1863); id. 

J. f. 0. 1864, p. 117: 
Callieclitlirus leucolophus, Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Kein. iv. p. 31, note 
(1862) ; Salvad. Atti R. Accad. Torin. xiii. p. 313 (1878); id. Ann. 
Mus. Civic. Genov. xiii. p. 461 (1878); If Albert. <$• Salvad. op. cit, 

xiv. p. 43 (1879) ; Salvad. Orn. Papuasia etc. i. p. 358 (1880); 
Sharpe in Gould's B. Neiv Guinea, iv. pi. 42 (1887). 
Eudyxtamis leucolophus, Finsch, Neu-Guinea, p. 159 (1865). 

Adult male. Black with a strong greenish-blue gloss, a broad 
median band of white along the crown and nape; tail-feathers 
black, narrowly tipped with white; breast duller black, tinged with 
grey, the throat, flanks, and under tail-coverts strongly washed with 
a greenish-blue gloss. Total length 11*5 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 
6% tail 5-8, tarsus 0-85. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male; " bill, legs, and 
feet black; iris brown " (H. 0. Forbes). Total length 12*6 inches, 
culmen 1*3, wing 6*7, tail 6*8, tarsus 0*85. 

Immature birds have some remains of white barring on the chest 
and have the under wing-coverts slightly barred with white. 

Hah. The same as that of the genus. 

a. Juv. sk. New Guinea. Wallace Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts.,
Guinea. 
S.E. New A. Goldie [C.]. 
c. Ad.; d.
Juv. sk. 
Sogere district, Astrolabe Mts. H. O. Forbes, Esq. [C.]. 
e. Ad. sk. East Cape, S.E. New Guinea. K Hunstein [0.]. 

4. 
SUENICULUS. 
Type. 
Surniculus, Less. Traite 0?'n. p. 151 (1831) S. lugubris. 
Pseudornis, ILodgs. J. A. S. Beng. viii. p. 136 (1839) .. S. lugubris. 
Cacangelus, Cab. 8r Seme, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 17 (1862).. S. lugubris. 
Range. Ceylon and the Indian Peninsula, extending eastward 

through the Burmese countries to South China, and south through 
the Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra, Java, Borneo, the Philippine 
Islands, and Batchian in the Moluccas. 

Keg to the Species. 

Crown and entire back with a strong greenish-
blue gloss. Underparts more dusky and less 
glossed; adults uniform; young spotted with 
white lugubris, p. 227. 

4. srjRNietTLus. 
227 
b. Head, neck, back, and underparts velvety 
black, with scarcely any gloss. 
a!. Tail forked. Wing- 5*5 inches muschenbroeki, p. 2*i0. 
b'. Tail not forked. Wing 4*7 velutinus, p. 230. 

1. Surniculus lugubris. 
Cuculus lugubris, Eorsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 179 (1820); id. Zool. 
Res. Java, pi. 58 (1*824); 8. Mull. Verk Land-en Volk. p. 178 
(1839-44) ; Less. Traits Orn. p. 151 (1831) ; id. in Belang. Voy. 
Ind. Orient, p. 231 (1834) ; Blyth, J A. 8. Bene/. 1842, p. 916; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 105 (1850); Schl. Mus. Pm/8-Bat, Ouculi, p. 28 
(1864); Feb. Novara Reis., Vog. p. 104 (1865): Gray, Iland-l. B. 

ii. p. 219, no. 9052 (1870). 
Cuculus albopunctulatus, Drap. Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. iv. p. 570 
(1823). 
Cuculus albopunctatus, Horsf. Zool. Res. Java, pi. — (1824). 
Pseudornis dicruroides, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in, Brit. Mus., Passeres, 

pi. 353. no. 502; id. J. A. S. Beng. 1839, p. 136; id. in Gray's 
Zool. Misc. p. 85 (1844); Gray, Cat. Mamm. § B. Nepal pres. Hodgs. 

p. 119 (1846). 
Pseudornis lugubris, Sodgs. J. A. S. Beng. 1839, p. 137. 
Cuculus dicruroides, Jerd. Madras Journ. x. p. 221 (1840); Blyth, 
J. A. S. Beng. 1842, p. 915, 1843, p. 244; Kelaart, Cat. Prodr. 
App. p. 60 (1853); Layard, Ann. fy Maq. N. H. xiii. p. 453 
(1854); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 219, no. 9051 (1870). 
Polyphasia lugubris, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xii. 1843, p. 244. 
fSurniculus dicruroides, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. 1849, p. 72 ; 
Horsf.fyMoore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 696 (1856) ; Jerd. 

B. India, i. p. 336 (1862); Swirih. P.Z.8. 1871, p. 394; Holds-
worth, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 431; Hume, Sir. F. 1874, p. 472; David 
Sr Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 61 (1877). 
Surniculus lugubris, 
Blyth, Cat. B. Mas. As. Soc. p. 72 (1849); 
Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. JS. I. Co. ii. p. 695 (1856); Sclat. 

P. Z. S. 1863, p. 209 ; Walden, Ibis, 1872, p. 368; Salvad. Ucc. di 
Borneo, p. 63 (1874); Sharpe, Ibis, 1877, p. 8; Tweeddale, t. c. 
p. 287; id, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 613; Hume § Davison, Sir. F. vi. 
pp. 159, 502 (1878); Ball, Str. F. vii. p. 207 (1878) ; Salvad. 
Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1879, p. 184; Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 244; id. 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 328; Hume, Str. F. viii. pp. 54, 89 (1879) ; 
Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 243 (1880); Hume, Str. F. ix* p. 248 (1880); 
Wardlaw Ramsay, Tioeeddale's Orn. Works, App. p. Qo6 (1881); 
Sharpe, P. Z. S.1881, p. 792; Oates, Handb. B, Br. Burm. ii. p. 112 
(1883); Blasius, Verh. zool-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxiii. p. 30 (1883); 
Bilttik. Notes Leyden Mus. 1886, p. 27; Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 394, 
1890, p. 10; Whitehead, t. c. p. 46. 

Cacangelus lugubris, Cab. § Heme, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 17 (1862); 

A. Midi. J.f.O. 1882, p. 404. 
Cacangelus dicruroides, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 18, note 
(1862). 
Surniculus velutinus {nee Sharpe), Tweeddale, P. Z. S.1879, p. 69. 

Adult. Black, with a deep green gloss, brightest on the back, 
wings, and tail, and slightly more purple on the head and neck; on 
the nape a few white feathers partially hidden; upper tail-coverts 
with some white spots next to their shafts ; beneath black, not 
quite so brightly glossed with green; the hinder half of the thighs 

Q2 

2*28 cue u LTD-as. 

and thigh-coverts white; under tail-coverts barred and tipped with 
white; tail with the outer feather barred and tipped with white, 
the bars being broadest towards the inner edges of the shafts ; the 
penultimate feathers with a few pale spots on their quills; under 
wing-coverts greenish black like the body; quills blackish brown, 
each feather with a large white blotch on the inner web, forming a 
diagonal band across the under surface of the wing: bill black, 
with the gape and inside of the mouth orange-red ; irides brown ; 
legs and claws black. Total length 10*3 inches, culmen 0*8, 
wing 5, tail 5'7, tarsus 065. 

Immature. Slightly less glossy, of a more violet shade, and with 
clear white terminal spots to many of the feathers irregularly dispersed 
over the plumage; under wing-coverts irregularly barred 
with white, and the white bar across the quills broader than in the 
adult; the tail rather more barred wTith white, the white bars 
being much more distinct on the outer feathers, and the penultimate 
ones partially barred near their quills, and all the feathers with 
white spots at their tips. 

This species varies considerably in the shape of the tail, which is 
sometimes very much forked, with the long feathers curved outwards 
towards their ends, but is sometimes square, the outer 
feather on each side being always short. The white of the nape is 
often absent, and the amount of the white spotting of the upper 
tail-coverts varies greatly. The most constant characters are the 
white spot and bar on the under surface of the quills, the bars on 
the under tail-coverts, and the bars on the outer tail-feathers, the 
latter varying in amount according to age. The immature bird, 
Cuculus albopimetatas, Drap., has white spots which vary in number 
and size, the last to disappear with age being those at the ends of 
the tail-feathers. The type specimens of G. Ivguhris, Horsf., from 
Java, and 0, dicruroides, Hodgs., from Nepal, are remarkably 
similar; and after comparing more than one hundred specimens 
from Java, Sumatra, Singapore, Tenasserim, Burmah, the Indian 
Peninsula, and Ceylon, I can find no trace of distinctive character. 
In the specimens from Malacca there is a tendency to form a rather 
small race with a square tail (not counting the outer feather) and 
occasionally a slightly greyer shade on the underparts, characters 
which are found more constantly in Bornean specimens, while a 
perfectly similar form occurs in Palawan. 

Hab. The same as that of the genus, with the exception of the 
islands of Negros, Mindanao, Basilan, and Batehian. 

a. Ad. sk. Java (Horsfield). India Museum. 
* (Type of species.) 
b, c, d. Ad. sk. Java. Tweeddale Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Java (Mus. Lugd.). Seebohm Coll. 
fj g. ? ad. sk. W. Java (A. R. Wallace). 
h, i. Ad. et juv. sk. Lampong, S.E. Sumatra Tweeddale ColL 
(2?. C. Buxton), 
k, I, m. Ad. sk. Sumatra (C. Bock). Tweeddale Colh 
«, o. Ad. sk. Lumbidan (Sir Hugh Low). R R Sharpe, 
Esq. [P.]. 

p. 
Ad. sk. 
q. Imm. sk. 
r. 
Ad.; 5. Juv. sk. 
t, u, v. S ? ad. sk. 

to. d ad. sk. 

x, y. (S ad. et juv. sk. 

z, a', bf, c'. Ad.; d'. 

Juv. sk. 
e'. S ad.; / . Juv.sk. 
//, /?'. Ad.; z7 J uv.sk. 
%'. Ad.; £', m'. <5 § 

juv. sk. 

n'-s'. cT ad. et juv.; 
£', «', 2?'. 2 ad. et 
juv. sk. 

w'. Ad. sk. 
x'. Ad. sk. 
?/'. $ ad. sk, 

s'. <? ad.; a", h'\ $> 

ad. sk. 
c". 2 *>&> sk. 
d", e". S 2 ad. sk. 

/', g", h". S ad. et 
juv.; i". $ ad.sk. 
A", /". $ ad. et 
imm. sk. 
m", tf juv. sk. 

w". c? ad. sk. 
o". c? ad. sk. 
p". S ad. sk. 
q'\ $ ad. sk. 

rf', s". c? ad.; t", u". 
2 ad. sk. 
v". <$ ad. sk. 

e#". c? ad. sk. 

.tT/. 5 imm. sk, 
y". $ ad. sk. 

«". Ad. sk. 

a3. Ad. sk. 
b\ c3, J3. $ ad. sk. 

2 ad. ; z'a, k\ 
Imm. sk. 
/•*, »*\ rf ? ad. hk. 

4. STJKNICULUS. 
Sarawak (R. T. Ussher). 
Sarawak (A. Everett). 
Mar up and Tagora (A. 

Everett). 

Puerto Princesa, Palawan, 
Dec, Jan. (A. Everett). 
Singapore Island, Feb. ( W. 

Davison). 
Johore, March, July (W. 
Davison), 
Malacca, July, Aug. (W. 
Davison). 

Malacca (A. 22. Wallace). 
Malacca (Dr. Cantor). 
Malacca, Aug. (22. G. TV. R). 

Salangore, Feb., April, May,
July, Sept. (W. Davison). 

Bangkok, Siam. 
Siam. 
South Tenasserim, Dec. 7 


(E. TV. Oates). 
Bankasoon, 
Dec. (TV. Davison). 


Malewoon, Jan. 9 (IF. £>.). 
Choulai Creek, S. of Mergui, 
Dec. (W.D.). 
Mergui, June, Nov. (W. D.). 

Tavoy, April 15 (TV. D.). 

Foot of Mount Nwalabo, 

April 7(TV.D.). 
Yea, March 28 (TV. D.). 
Amherst, Dec. 9 ( W. D*). 
Moulmein, Dec. 1 (TV. D.). 
Assoon, March 12 (W. Lim


borg). 

Lower Pegu, Feb., March, Sept., 
Nov. (R W. 0.). 
Kyouk Phyon, Burmah, April 
20 (J. Armstrotiq). 
Tonghoo Hills, March 8 (22. 

G. TV. 22.). 
Yay-tho, June 8 (22. G. TV 22.). 
Karen-nee, March 16 (22. G. 
W. 22.). 
Mandalay, Sept. 20. 
Comillah, Tippera, March. 
Cachar, April, June (J. Inglis). 
Dibrughur, Assam, March, 

April, May, July, Aug. (J, 
JR.. Cripps). 

X. Kha^ia Hills, 
Feb., April 
(.4. TV. Chennell). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll, 
Hume Coll. 

India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll 
Seebohm Coll. 
Forbes Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Oates Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Dr. J. Anderson 

[0.1 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll 

230 CTJCULIDJE. 

w3-r3. <$ ad.; s3. 5 Dkollah, Assam, April to June Hume Coll. 

ad. sk. (J. Coekbuni). 
£3, u3. $ ad, sk. Tippook, Assam, April (J. C). Hume Coll. 
w2, wz, x3. S ad. sk. Sadhvia, Assam. April, May Hume Coll. 

f. Ad. sk, Lower Hills, Bhootan Dooars, Hume Coll. 
May (Z. Mandelli). 
s3-^. Ad. et juv. sk. Sikhim, March to Kov. (Z. M.). Hume Coll. 
h\ l\ Ad. sk. Darjiling. Tweeddale Coll. 
m*-q*. Ad. sk. Mt mgphoo, near Darjiling, Hume Coll. 

March, Oct. 
rl~v%. Ad. sk. Native Sikhim, May to July, Hume Coll. 
Nov. (X. Mandeili). 
vs*9a?. Ad.; ?/4. Juv. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
sk. 
c4. Ad. sk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll, 
(Type of Pseudorms dicruroides.) 

a5) ¥. Ad. sk. Nepal (B. H. Sodgsmi). India Museum, 
c5. Ad. sk. Raipur, Central Prov., July. Hume Coll. 
«Z5. S ad. sk. Coonoor Ghat, XilgMris, April Tweeddale Coll. 

(PL G. W. P.). 

e5~-&5. Ad. et irnm. sk. Ceylon, July, Dec. Tweeddale Coll. 
Z5, m5. J ad. sk. West Ceylon, July, Aug. Seehohm Coll. 
w5. Bones of trunk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 

2. SiurmcuTas muscheiibroekL 
Sumiculns muschenbroeki, Meyer in Rowley's Orn. Miscell. Hi. 
p. 164 (1878); Scdvad. Ann. Mus. Cw. Gen. xiii. p. 461 (1878); 
id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 357 (1880). 
" Black, with a greenish-blue metallic gloss on the wings, mantle, 
and tail. Head, neck, back, uropygium, and underparts black, but 
velvety, not glossy. Underside of the wing-feathers brownish, the 
white spots on the basal third of the inner webs forming a band. 
Tail of Drongo-like shape; short outer rectrices spotted and partly 
banded with white. On the thighs a thick plumage of shining 
white feathers with greenish base. (One white feather on the back 
of the neck appears not to constitute a specific character.) Bill 
black. Eeet brownish above, light below. Total length 265 mm. 
wing 140, tail 155, bill 19, tarsus 16." (A. B. Meyer.) 

Hah. Batehian. 

This species is only known by the type, which is in the Dresden 
Museum. 

3. Sumiculns velutinm 
Surniculus velutinus, Sharpe, Tr. Linn. Soc. ser. % Zool, i. p. 82® 
(1877) j Tweeddale, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 823,1878, p. 945 ; Wctrdlatu 
Pamsayi Tweeddale''s Orn. Works, App. p. 659 (1881). 

Adult. Tery closely allied to 8. luguhris; tail always square^ 
with the exception of the outer pair of feathers, which are much 
shorter; it differs in having the head, back, throat, and breast 

a. HIEEOCOCCTX. 
velTety Mack, with absolutely no trace of white on any of the tail-
coverts, and a distinct narrow white basal edging to the tail-
feathers; iris dark chocolate-brown; 1AU and claws Mack; feet 
bluish grey '* (A. Everett). Total length S inches, culmen 0*9, wing 
4*7, tail 4"3, tarsus 0*55. 

The sexes are similar in plumage. 
Eab. Islands of Mindanao, Malamaui, and Basilan in the 
Philippines. 

a. 2 a^-&k- Bntuan. X. Mindanao, May Tweeddale Coll. 
{A. 
EverettJ. 
b. 2 a^» s^* Zamboanga, April (A. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett i. 
c7 d. J ad. sk. Basilan, May tA. Eeereti). Tweeddale Coll. 

5. 
HIEEO€O0CYX. 
lype. 
Hierococcvx, S. Midi Verk. Land- em Tuik. p. 233 
(18:fcMU>. .. II. fugax. 
Ratit/e. Indian Peninsula; Burme.se countries to China and 
Ea&tern Siberia ; throughout the Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago 
to Celebes. 

Key to the &jptcit$. 

a. 
Under surface of quills baiTed. 
a'. Throat and chest not longitudinally striped 
in adults; chin grey. 
a". With bars on the breast. 
a,1f. Colour darker; erown greyer than 
the back. 
a1. Size larger; wing 8 inches: grey 
of head and chin separated by a 
broad white band which extend* 
from the fore part of the eye to the 
throat. sfxirverioides, p. 282. 

¥. 
Size smaller; wing 7*4 inches: 
head and throat grey, the latter 
only slightly mottfed with white., bocki, p. 234. 

hn,

« Colour paler; crown and back uniform 
pale grey. Wing 7*5 inches,. varius, p. 234. 

h". "With no bare on the breast; colour 
above uniform dark grey. Wing 7 
inches fugax% p. 236. 


h\ Throat and chest longitudinally striped; 
colour above brown, greyer on the crown. 
c'\ With no grey or black on the chin; 


size smaller. Wing 5*6 inches nanusy p. 238. 
d'1. With the chin grey or black; mm rjuv. pp.232-238. 
larger (wings as above) sparverioides and allies, 
k Under surface of quills not barred . cramrostrvt, p. 230. 

cucroxiD-^i. 

1. Hierococcyx sparverioides. 
? Coucou a ventre ray6 de IT&le de Panay, Sonn. Voy. Nouv. Guin. L 
p. 120, pi. 79 (1776). 
? Coucou brim et jaune a ventre rayey Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi 
p. 379 (1779). 
? Cuculus fiaviventris, Scop. Del Flor. et Faun. Insubr, ii. p. 89 {ex 
Sonn. 1780); Striclcl. J. A. S. Beng. 1844, p. 390, note. 
? Cuculus radiatus, Gm. S. N. i. p. 420 (ex Sonn. 1788). 
Cuculus sparveroides, Vig. P. Z. S. 1831, p. 173; Gould, Cent. 

Himal. B. pi. 53 (1832); Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 898 (1842), 

xii. p. 240 (1843) ; Hodys. in Gratfs Zool. Misc. p. 85 ; Gray, Cat. 
Mamm. % B. Nepal pres. Eodgs. p. 120(1846); Blyth, Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 70 (1849); ScJtl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 15 
(pt., 1804); David $ Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 63 (1877); Blahiston, Ibis, 
1878, p. 228. 
Hierococcyx sparveroides, 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 104 (1850); Horsf. <§• 
Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 699 (1856) ; Jerd. B. Lid. i. 

p. 331 (1862); Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 362; Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 14; 
Hume, Nests 8p Eggs Bid. B. p. 135 (1873); id. Str. F. iii. p. 80 
(1875); Armstrong, Str. F. iv. p. 311 (1876); Tacz. J.f.O. 1876, 
p. 201; Hume $ Davison, Str. F. vi. p. 157 (1878); Ball, Str. F. 
vii. p. 207 (1878); Hume, Str. F. viii. pp. 54, 89 (1879); Scully, 
t. c. ]). 256; Bingham, Str. F. ix. p. 167 (1880); Hume, t. c. p. 248 ; 
Davison, Str. F. x. p, 359; Oates, Handb. B. Br. Burin, ii. p. 108 
(1883); Marshall, Ibis, 1884, p. 411; A. Mull J. f. O. 1885, 
p. 157; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1887, p. 581; Sharpe, Ibis, 
1890, p. 11; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests # Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 384 
(3890). 
Cuculus strennus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1856? p. 96; id. B. Asia, vi. pi. 42 
{1856); Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 362. 
Hierococcyx sparverinus, Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 28, note 
{1862). 
Hierococcyx strenuus, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 28, note 
(1862); Hume, Pr. A. S. Beng. 1872, p. 71; Walden, TV. Z. 8. 

ix. p. 161 (1875); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 327; Blasius, Omis, 
ii. p. 306 (1888); Everett, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 225 j Whitehead, Ibis, 
1890, p. 46. 
Adult. Above brown with a bronzy gloss, changing gradually 
into grey on the back of the neck and crown; the outer tail-
coverts barred with white, and the longest ones often with darker 
ends and narrow pale edges ; tail with about five distinct dark bars 
and narrow pale tips to the feathers, seldom much shaded with 
rufous; sides of the head and chin grey, with a broad white band 
from the front of the eye to the white on the throat, separating the 
grey of the head from the chin; upper throat white, changing on 
the lower throat and front of the chest into rufous, and the whole 
mottled with pale grey; remainder of the underparts white, with 
the breast down to the thighs broadly barred with dusky brown 
and partially washed with rufous; under wing-coverts white, 
shaded with rufous; quills dusky brown with numerous white or 
buff partial bars on their inner webs: " bill black, with the base of 
the lower mandible pale green; iris, eyelids, legs, and claws bright 
gamboge-yellow9i ( W,\ Davison). Total length 15*o inches, culmen 
1-1, wing 8*1, tail 7*5, tarsus 1. 

5 . HIEROCOCCTX. 
Immature. Differs from the adult in the grey of the upper parts 
being confined to the crown, the bock of the neck mottled with 
rufous, the feathers of the back and wings more or less edged or 
barred with rufous. Under surface white washed with butf; chin 
generally darker, often black ; throat and front of the chest broadly 
striped, the breast with broad short bars to the feathers. 

Hab. Prom Japan and Eastern Siberia throughout China to the 
Burmese countries, Malayan Peninsula, Borneo, and the Philippines. 
It ranges west throughout Northern and Central India. 

a. d ad. sk.
b. S ad. sk.
c. Ad. sk.
d, e. 5 ad. etimm. sk. 
/. d «-d. sk. 

g. d juv. sk. 
h. d ad. sk. 
it k. d $ imin. sk. 

I Ad.; m. Juv. 
sk, 
n, o, p. Ad.; q. 
Juv. sk. 
r, s. Ad.) t. Imm. 
sk. 
u-a'. Ad.; b'-g'. 
Imm. sk. 
h',i\ Ad.; k', I', 

mf. Imm. sk. 
n\ Ad. sk. 
o'. Ad. sk. 
p'. d ad. sk. 

q\ d ad. sk. 

r'. d juv. sk. 

$'. Imm. sk. 

t'. Ad.sk. 
u>'j »'. d S i^mi. 
sk. 
to', d j11^. sk. 

x% y'. Ad. et 
imm. sk. 
zr. d imm. sk. 

a'\ d ad. sk. 

h'\c".d ad.;rr, 
e". d imm. sk. 

 Mynall, Travancore, Jan.

 Ootacamund, Nilghiris, Feb. 12

( W. Davison). 
Coonoor. 
Kotagherry, Dec. 7 (Miss Cock-

bum). 
Simla, Sept. 20 (-4. O.K.). 
Binsur, Alrnorah, June 25. 
Futtehgurh district, May 24 

(A. Anderson). 
Khatmandu, Nepal Valley, 
Aug, (J. Scully). 
Nepal. 

Nepal {B. H. Hodgson). 

Native Sikhim, April, Sept. 

{L. Mcmdelli). 
Sikhim, Jan., Nov. (L. Man-
Darjeeling. 


Darjeeling, June (H. J. Ehves). 
Assam. 
Kamroop, Assam, Dec. (A. W. 


Chennell). 
Dibrughur, Feb. 15 (J. R. 
Cripps). 
Shillong, Aug. 23 (J. Cock-
burn). 

N. Khasia Hills, March (A. 
TV. Chennell). 
Cachar (J. Inglis). 
Manipur, April, May (A. 

Karen-nee, Burmah, March 24 

(E. Q. W. JR.). 
Thayetmyo. 
Yay-tho, Burmah, Aug. 6 (JR. 

G. W. JR.). 
Tonghoo, Burmah, Dec. 31 
(JS. G. IF. JR.). 
Lower Pegu, Dec, Jan. 


 F. 
W. Bourdilkm, 
Esq. [0.1Hume 
Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Cull. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Gates Coll. 

234 
CTTCUIID2E. 

/". (S ad. sk. Pahpoon, Tenasserim, Jan. (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 

g"~k". (S ad. et Tkatone, Dec. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
imm. j I'', m". 
2 ad. sk. 


n", o",p". <$ ad. Amherst, Dec., Jan. Hume Coll. 
sir. 
q", rv. (S ad. • a". Moulinein, Nov., Dec. Hume Coll. 


$ ad. sk. 
t". Ad. sk. Salanga Island. Capt. Weber [0.]. 
u". Ad. &k. Penang. Pin* ill Coll. 
u", to". Ad. sk. Malacca. Pinwill Coll. 
#". Ad. sk. Manila, Luzon. Gould Coll. (Type 

of C. stremuis.) 
y". $ juv. sk. Kingpo, China, June (H. Seebohm Coll. 
Swinhoe), 
%". (S ad. sk. Foochow, Szechuen, May (JR. Seebokm Coll. 
Swinhoe). 
a\ $ ad. sk. Changchow, Szechuen, May 16 Tweeddale Coll. 

(B. Swinhoe). 
2. Hierococcyx "bocki. 
Hierococcyx 
bocki, Wardlaio Ramsay, Ibis, 1886, pp. 157-150 • 
SJiarpe, Ibis, 1S88, p. 304, 1800, p. 11. 

Adult (type of species). Similar to H. sparverioides, but smaller, 
and greyer on the sides of the head and upper half of the throat; 
sides of head uniform grey with the chin, and with no white in front 
of the eyes and cheeks; upper half of throat nearly uniform grey 
like the chin, being only slightly mottled with white. Total length 
13*2 inches, culmen 0*95, wing 7*5, tail 7*3, tarsus 0*9. 

Hab. Mountains of Sumatra and North-western Borneo (Kina 
Balu). 

a. (S ad. bk. Mt. Sago, Sumatra, Sept. 5 Tweeddale Coll. 
(C. Bock). 
(Type of species.) 
3. Hierococcyx varixis. 
Cuculus varius, Vahl, Skriv. of Natar. Selsk. (Copenhagen), iv. p. 61 
(1797); Blyth, Cat.B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 70 (1849) ; Kelaart, Cat 
Ceylon B., App. Prodr. p. 60 (1853) ; Layard, Ann. ty Mag. Nat. 
Hist (2) xiii. p. 452 (1854) ; Schl Mus. Pays-Bos, Cuculi, p. 14 
(1864). ' F 

? Cuculus temdrostris, Less. TraiU, p. 146 (1831); Tucker. Rev. et 
Mag. Zool. 1853, p. 69. 
Cuculus ejulans, Simdev. Physiogr. Stilish. Tidskr. i. p. 54 (1838) j 
StricU. Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846, p. 398. 
Hierococcyx -varius, Horsf. fy Moore, Cat. B. Mtts. D.I. Co. ii. 

p. 700 (1856); Cab. <$• Heme, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 29 (pt., 1862): 
Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 329 (1862); Bli/th, Ibis, 1866, p. 361; Holdsworth, 
P. Z. S. 1872, p. 431; Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 13; Adam, Str. F. i. 
p. 373 (1873); Blyth, J. As. Soc. {Ceylon Branch), 1874, p. 67; 
5 . HIEROCOCCYX. 
235 

Ball, Star. F. ii. p. 393 (1874); Fairbank, Str. F. iv. p. 255 
(1870); Hume, t. c. p. 892; Fairbcmk, Str. F. v. p. 397 (1877); 
Ball, t. c. p. 413, vii. p. 207 (1878); Cripps, t c. p. 2G4; Hume, 
Str. F. viii. p. 88 (1879) ; Scully, t. c. p. 255; Legge, B. Ceylon, i. 

p. 240 (1880); Vidal, Str. F. ix. p. 55 (1880); Butler, t c. p. 888; 
Jieid, Str. F. x. p. 27 (1881) ; Davison, t c. pp. 299, 359 ; Stvinh. 
Sf Barnes, Ibis, 1885, p. 63; Oaies, ed. Hume's Nests fy Eggs Ind. 
B. ii. p. 383 (1890). 
Ilierococcyx nisoides, Blyth, Ibis, 18G6, p. 362. 
Adult. Very smilar in plumage to //. sparverioides, but smaller 
and paler, and intermediate between that bird and IL fag ax. Above 
uniform leaden grey, much, paler than H. fugax, and having the 
white bars on the outer tail-coverts more pronounced. The tail 
is similar to that of H. sparverioides. The grey and white on the 
head and chin are similarly distributed but paler; remainder of the 
underparts white, shading into pale rufous on the lower throat and 
front of the chest, these feathers being mottled with pale grey. 
The sides of the body which are generally washed with rufous are 
broadly barred with dusky grey, which at once distinguishes the 
species from H. fugax and indicates its affinities to H. sparverioides. 
" Iris yellow, orbits yellow; bill black, greenish below, yellowish at 
gape ; legs and feet dirty yellow " ( W. Davison) Total length 13*5 
inches, culmen 0*95, wing 7*5, tail 7, tarsus 0*9. 

Immature. Similar to that of H. sparverioides and H. fugax, but 
intermediate in size. 
Eab. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, ranging into Assam, Tenasserim, 
and Burma. 

a, b. Ad. sk. N.W. Himalayas (Griffith). India Museum. 

c. <$ ad. sk. Saharunpur, Nov. 2 (A. O. IL) Hume Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Dehra Dhoon. Hume Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Naini Tal. Hume Coll. 
/ . $ ad. sk. Bareilly, May 22. Hume Coll. 
g. Ad.; h. Juv. sk. Etawah, Sept. 19. Hume Coll. 
L $ ad. sk. Allahabad, April. Seebohm Coll 
h. 1mm. sk. Lucknow, April 7. Colonel Way [P.]. 
1. Imm, sk. Gondah, Oudh (S. Pimvill). Tweed dale Coll. 
m, n. S ad.; o. Futtehgurh District; March, Hume Coll. 
? ad. sk. Aug. {A. Anderson). 
p, q, r. Ad. sk. Mogul Serai, Jan., Feb., Nov. Hume Coll. 

(W. F. Brooks). 
s, t. S ad. ; u. $ Nepal Valley, Feb., April, Seebohm Coll. 
ad. sk. Dec. (J. Scully). 
v, tc. Ad.; x, y. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
Imm. sk. 

z, a'. Ad.; b'. Nepal (B. Hodgson). India Museum. 

Juv. sk, 
c'. d1 juv. sk. Tirhoot, April 5. Hume Coll. 
d\ Juv. sk. Rajmahal Hills, Nov. ( V.Ball). Hume Coll. 

e'. <$ ad. sk. Bhutan (Pemberton), India Museum. 
/' . Ad. sk. Assam (M'Clelland). India Museum. 
V/. Juv. sk. Tonghoo. Seebohm Coll. 

A', i% h\ Ad.; l\ Dacca. Hume Coll. 

m'. Juv. sk. 

236 
CUCTJLID-E. 

ri. Juv. sk. 

o'. 2 ad. sk. 

p\q'. Ad. sk. 
r'7 s'. Ad. ; if. 

Imm. sk. 

?/'. <$ imm. sk. 

y\ Ad.; w'.Imm. 

sk. 
.i-'. Ad. sk. 

y'. c? juv. sk. 

»'. rf ad. sk. 

#''. Ad. sk. 

£". tf ad.; c".tf 

imm. sk. 

d". d ad. sk. 

e". S ad. sk. 

/". $ ad. sk, 

q". $ ad. sk. 

h", i". Ad. sk. 

k". S juv. sk. 

l"~o". S ad. sk. 

p". £ juv. sk. 
#". $ ad. sk. 

r"-V. c? ad. sk. 

v". <$ ad. sk. 

w". J ad. sk. 

#". $ juv. sk. 

/'. Ad. sk. 

Dacca (Tytler). 
Assensole, Feb. (W. B. 
Brooks). 

Calcutta, Feb., Dec. 
Maunbhoom, March, Dec. (B. 

C. Beavan). 
Raipur, Feb. 24. 
Kamptee. 

Seoni District, May (R. Thomson). 


Saugor, Oct. 
Anadra, Mt. Aboo, July 5. 
Deesa, Aug. 10 (JS. A. Butler). 
Mliow, Dec. 


Dliulia, Khandeish, Aug. 21 


(J. Davidson). 
Anmednuggur, Dec. (8. B. 
Fairbank). 
Ratnagiri, June 26 (J. Armstrong). 
Belgaum, May 30 (E.A. Butler). 
Malabar. 
Bangalore, May 26 (JR. G. 

W. JR.). 
Wynaad, 
March to May (W. 
Davison). 

Burliar, Nilghiris, Sept. 12. 
Kotagherry, Nilghiris, Feb. 13 

(Miss Oockbum). 
Ootacamund, Feb., April (W. 
Davisoyi). 
Ooonoor, March 5 {Dr. F. 
Day). 
My nail, Travancore (F. W. 
Bourdillon). 
Kandy, Ceylon (A. White). 

Ceylon (II. Nevill). 

4. Hierococcyx fugax. 
India Museum. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Dr. B. Hinde [P.]. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Colonel Swinhoe 


Hume Coll. 


Tweeddale Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

11. B. Sharpe. Esq, 
[P.]. 
Tweeddale CoU. 

Cuculus fugax, Horsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 178 (1821) ; Tig. Mem. 
Baffl. p. 671 (1830); Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832. p. 98; JercL Madr. J. 

xi. p. 219 (1840); 8. mil. Verh. Land-en Folk. p. 233 (1830-44); 
Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 900 (1842), xii. p. 240 (1843), xiv. 
pp. 204, 943 (1845) ; id. Ami. # Mag. Nat. Eist. 1846, p. 385; 
Grayj Cat. Mamm. fy B. Nepal pres. Hodgs. p. 120 (1846). 
Cuculus lathami, J. E. Gray, III. Lid. Zool. pi, 34. fig. 2 (1834). 
Cuculus vagans, 8. Mull. Verh. Land-en Folk. p. 233, note (1839-44). 
Cuculus nisicolor, Ilodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. Mus., Passeres, pi. 357. 

fig. 1 (no. 872); Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 1843, p. 943, 1840, p. 18. 
Cuculus flaviventris (nee Scop,), 8trickl. J. A, 8. Beng. 1844, p. 390, 
note. 

5 . 
HIEROCOCCYX. 23 7 
Hierococcvx flaviventris, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. p. 390, note (1844); 
id. Ibis^lSm, p. 302. 

Hierococcyx fugax, Bp. Consp. I. p. 104 (1850) ; Cab. § Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iv. p. 28, note (1802); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. v. p. 6*5 
(1874); Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 288; Sharpe, Ibis, 1877, p. 7; 
Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiv. p. 185 (1870); Sharpe, Ibis, 
1879, p. 245 ; Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 53 (1879); Kelham, Ibis, 1881, 
p. 391; Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1884, p. 333; A. Mull. J. f. O. 
1885, p. 157; Bidtik. Notes Leyd. Mus. 188G, p. 28', S/larpe, 

P. Z. S. 1887, p. 442; id. lbisK 1890, p. 10. 
Hierococcyx vagans, Bp. Consp. i. p. 104 (1850) j Cab.fyHeine, Mus. 
Hein. iv. p. 30, note (1802). 
Cuculus hvperythrus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 98 ; id. B. Asia, vi. 
pi. 431 (1856) ; Swinh. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 395; David $ Oust. Ois. 
Chine, p. 04 (1877); Layard, Ibis, 1878, p. 327; Seebohm, Ibis, 
1884, p. 30. 

Hierococcyx pectoralis, 
Cab. 8? Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 27 (1862) ; 
Walden, Tr. Z. S. ix. p. 161 (1875); Tweedd. P. Z. S. 1878, 

p. 946. 
Hierococcyx hypervthrus, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 30, note 
(1802); Walden,"Tr. Z. S. ix. p. 161 (1875); Wardlaw Ramsay, 
Ibis, 1886, p. 157; Tweedd. P.Z. S. 1878, p. 946. 

Hierococcyx sparveroides (?iec Vig.), Schrenrk, Reis. im Amurlande, 
Vog. p.*257, pi. 10 (1859-07). 
Hierococcyx nisicolor, Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 330 (1802); Blyth, J. A. S. 
Beng. xxx. p. 93 (1801); id. Ibis, 1860, p. 301; Jerd. Ibis, 1872, 

p. 14; Hume, Sir. F. vi. p. 157 (1878); Jerd. Str. F. vii. p. 371 
(1878); Hume, Str. F. viii. pp. 53, 88 (1879); Oatea, Handb. B. 
Br. Burm. ii. p. 109 (1883) ; id. ed. Hume's Nests § Eggs Ind. B. 
ii. p. 383 (1890). 
Adult. Above uniform slaty grey; end of the tail-feathers 
bright rufous, otherwise very similar to those of II sjparverioides: 
under surface white, with a very variable amount of rufous on 
the chest, the whole chest being rufous in the type of Cuculus 
hyperythrus, Gould, and only broadly washed on the sides of the 
feathers in the type of C. nisicolor of Hodgson; chin grey ; throat 
white, slightly tinted with grey, and occasionally streaked with 
brown or rufous; the breast is entirely without bars, which character 
at once distinguishes it from the foregoing members of the 
genus; but its most distinctive character is the intensely rufous 
ending to the tail-feathers, which does not vary with age. Total 
length 11*8 inches, culmen 1, wing 7, tail 6*2, tarsus 0*85. 

Immature. Yery similar to that of the last two species, but with 
the dark stripes on the underparts rather narrower and more 
sharply defined, and the pale ends to the tail bright rufous. " Iris 
reddish-brown; orbits, gape, feet, and legs yellow; bill basally pale 
green, apex blackish" {Wardlaw Ramsay), 

Nestling. Similar in plumage to the immature bird, with the back 
brown and the markings on the breast rather larger. Total length 
8*2 inches. 

Hab. From Amoor-Land through China to the Burmese countries, 
extending into the Eastern Himalayas on the west, and south 

238 
CU0ULIDJ3. 

through the Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and the 

Philippines. 

a, b. Ad. sk. 

c. Ad. sk.
d-m. Ad.; n-r.
Juv. sk.
s, t, u. Ad.; v, w.
Juv. sk. 

x. 
Juv. sk. 
y. Juv. sk. 
is. c? ad. sk. 
a'. Ad. sk. 

V. Ad. sk. 
e'. S ad. sk. 
d'. Ad. sk. 
<?'. Ad. sk. 

f. 
Ad. 'j q\ Juv. 
sk. 
h'-m. Ad.; n', o', 
p'. Juv. sk. 
q>. 2 juv. sk, 


?•', s', t'9 u'. Imm. 
sk. 
r'. Ad. sk. 

w'. Ad. sk. 

x\ Imm. sk. 
y\ »'. tf ad. j a". 

tfjuv.sk. 
b". Ad. sk. 
c". Ad. sk. 

d",e",f". Ad.; 

y". Juv. sk. 
h". Juv. sk. 
*". Ad. sk. 

7c". tf ad. sk. 

I". Ad. sk. 

Nepal. 
Hodgson Coll. 

(Types of C. nisicohr.) 

 Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). India Museum. 

 Native Sikhiin, April to Oct. Hume Coll. 

 {L. Mandelli). 
Sikhim, April to June, Sept. Hume Coll. 

(X. Mandelli). 
Darjeeling, June. Hume Coll. 
Khasia Hills (Griffith). India Museum. 
Kokshin-Koolel, Manipur, Hume Coll. 
April 6 (A. 0. J5T.). 
Burmah (Houghton). Tweeddale Coll. 
Tongkoo, Burmah. Oates Coll. 
Pegu, Nov. 25. Oates Coll. 
Tkatone, Tenasserim, Dec. 11 Hume Coll. 


( W. Davison). 
Penang (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
Malacca (R. G. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 
Malacca, Feb., March, July, Hume Coll. 
Aug. ( W. Davison). 
Gunnong Pulai, Johore, Aug. Hume Coll. 
1 (W. Davison). 
Singapore. Tweeddale Coll 

Lampong, S.E. Sumatra Tweeddale Coll. 

(R C. Buxton). 
Java [Horsfield). India Museum. 

(Type of species.) 
Sarawak, Feb. (J. Brooke). Gould Coll. 
Sarawak (H. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 

Lumhidan, N.W. Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.]. 
Banjarmassing, Borneo (J. Wallace Coll. 
Motley). 
Manila [Maitland Heriot). Tweeddale Coll. 

Manila. Seebohrn Coll. 
Manila. Gould Coll. 
(Type of C. hyperythrus.) 
Zamboanga, Mindanao, April Tweeddale Coll. 

(A. Everett). 
Yokohama, Japan (H. Jones). Seebohrn Coll. 
5. Hierocoecyx nanus. 
Hierococcyx nanus, Hume, Str. F. v. 1877, p. 490; id. fy Davison, 
Str. F. vi. 1878, p. 157 • Hume, Str. F. viii. 1879, p. 88; A. Mull 

J.f. 0.1882, p. 405; Oates, Handb. B. Br. Burm. ii. p. 110 (1883) : 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 11. 
Adult Yery similar in plumage to the immature birds of 

O. HIEROCOCCYX. 
239 

H. fugax, but 'differs in its smaller size ; the brownish-grey crown 
and nape are separated from the brown of the back by a partial 
collar foinied by a rufous and white mottling on the back of the 
neck. Tail tipped with dirty white. Chin buff, like the throat; 
a broad dark brown moustachial band from below the eye is well 
marked, and the dark stripes on the underparts are more sharply 
denned and less rufous. Total length 10*5 inches, culmen 0*9, 
wing 5*6, tail 5*6, tarsus 0*75. 
JIah. Tenasserim to the Salanga Islands, reoccurring again in the 
mountains of JSForth-western Borneo. 

a. 2 
ad. sk. Mergui Islands, Tenasserim (J. Tweeddale Coll. 
Anderson). 
b,c. S2 ad. sk. Tavoy, April 19 (TV. Da- Hume Coll. 
vison). 
d, e. J 
$ ad. <k. Foot of Mt. Nwalabo, April Hume Coll. 
(TV. Davison). 

f. 
S ad. sk. Bankasoon, May 16 (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). (Type of species.) 
g, h, i. 
J ad. sk. Bankasoon, April, May, June Hume Coll. 
(B7. Davison). 

k. 
Ad. sk. Baram, Sarawak. A. H. Everett, Esq. 
[p.]. 
6. Hierococcyx crassirostris. 
Hierococcyx crassirostris, Walden, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 1872, p. 305; 
id. Tr. Z. S. viii. p. 116, pi. 13 (1872). 
Cuculus crassirostris, Bruggeman. Abhandl. not. Ve7\ Brem. v. 1876, 

p. 59. 
Adult (type of species). Upper half of head grey, slightly mottled 
with white; nape and back of neck white, with broad dark ends 
and partial bars to the feathers, passing from dusky grey on the 
nape into brownish black towards the mantle: remainder of the 
urjper parts rufous-brown, slightly mottled with dusky; tail less 
rufous than the back, tipped with white and with a broad subterminal 
black band; the remaining three black bands, which are 
very distinct underneath, disappear on the two centre feathers, and 
the pale intervening bands which are white on the outer pair of 
feathers gradually become more rufous towards the centre one; 
beneath white, broadly barred with black on the throat and chest; 
under surface of wings uniform white, with the terminal half of the 
quills rufous-brown ; bill black, passing into yellow on the basal 
half of the lower mandible; legs and claws yellow. Total length 
15 inches, culmen 1, wing 8-3, tail 7*5, tarsus 0*8. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the upper half of the 
head black, mottled with white above the eye and on the nape; 
back of the neck rufous, with broad black ends to the feathers; 
upper parts generally much brighter rufous ; the upper back, wing-
coverts, and innermost secondaries with broad dusky bars somewhat 

240 CUCULID-E. 

obscured, and a dusky sub terminal patch, to all the quills ; beneath 
buff, with, fewer and more irregular dark bars. Total length 13*5 
inches, wing 7*9. 

The two type specimens which I have described have been well 
figured by Lord Tweeddale, but the artist does not appear to have 
noticed that the two centre tail-feathers of the young bird are 
missing, so that his figure conveys a wrong impression. 

Hab. Confined to Celebes. 
a. Ad.; b. Juv. sk.
c. Ad. sk. 
Celebes. 
Celebes. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
(Types of species.) 
Seebohm Coll. 

6. CUCTJLUS. ™ 
Type. 
Cuculus, Linn. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 1G8 (1760) C. canorus. 
Nicoelarius, Bp. Comp. Vol. Zygod. p. 0 (1854) C. intermedins. 
Pentkoceryx, Cab. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 16 (1862) C. sonnerati. 
Heteroscenes, Cab. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 26 (1862) C. pallidum. 

Range. The whole of the Old World excepting Polynesia. 

Key to the Sjpecies. 

a. Upper parts not rufous; under surface of quills 
barred with white. 
a'. Breast whitish, barred with black. 
a". Back and wings brown ; head and throat 
greyish, contrasting with mantle and 
back j a very distinct broad subterminal 
black band to the tail. The young have 
broad buff or white ends to many of the 
feathers of the upper parts microptents, p. 241. 

b". Crown uniform grey, like the back. 

a'". Basal half of bill yellow, the nostrils 
being placed in the yellow portion : 
with a rather well-marked black subterminal 
bar to the tail, and with some 
irregular white bands entirely crossing 
the outer tail-feathers gvlaris, p. 244. 

b'". With less yellow on the bill, the 
nostrils being always placed in the 
black portion of the base. 

a4. Upper parts, sides of head, throat, 
and front of chest grey. 

as. Larger: wing 8 to 9 inches; bars 
on breast more dusky. Young 
with a white patch on the fore 
part of the crown and another on 
the nape canorus, p. 245. 

bs. Smaller: wing not more than 7*8 
inches in length; bars on breast 
jet-black, broader and more complete 
transversely. Young with 

6 . CWULTTS. 
241 
no white feathers on the fore part 
of the crown or nape. 

«6. Larger: wing more than 0*5 
inches intermedins, p. 252. 
?A Smaller: wing never more than 
&5 inches r.. . poliocephalus, p. 253. 
bK With the lower throat and crop chestnut. 
c"\ Paler: with grey on the chin 
and upper throat solitarius, p. 258. 
d'\ Darker: throat chestnut, with 
only a little grey on the base of 
the chin , gabonensis, p. 259. 

b'. Breast uniform, not barred with white and 

black. 
c". General plumage black clamosits, p. 260. 
d". Upper parts ashy brown: underparts 

uniform stone-colour 
pallidas, p. 261. 

b. Upper parts more or less rufous; under surface 
of quills with rufous bars. 
e'. Above rufous, broadly barred with bronze; 
beneath white, narrowly barred with brownish 
black ,... sonnerati, p. 262. 


d'. Above rufous, with black or dusky markings. 
e'. Crown and lower back not regularly barred 


with black. 
c'". Larger: wing over 7 inches crowrun juv., p. 247. 
d'". Smaller: wing not 6 inches poliocephalus juv., 

f". Crown and lower back regularly banded [p. 256. 

with black. " [p. 256. 
e'". Smaller: wing not 6 inches poliocephalus juv., 
f"\ Larger: wing over 6*5 inches intermedins juv., 

[> 234. 

1. CUCTIIUS micr opt eras. 
Cuculus micropterus, 
Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 187; Hodgs. Icon. 
hied, in Bibl. Soc. Zool. ii. p. 205 (no. 507); id. in Gray's Zool. 
Misc. p. 85 (1844); Bh/th, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 902 (1842), xiv. 

p. 204, xv. p. 18 (1846) ; id. Ibis, 1862, p. 387; Jerd. B. Lid. 
i. p. 320 (1862) ; Schl. Mus. Pai/s-Bas, Cuculi, p. 12 (1864); 
Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 395 ; Holdsivorth, P. Z. S.1872, p. 430; 
Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 13; Wald. Ibis, 1873, p. 304; Ball, Sir. F. I 
p. 63 (1873) ; Hume, Str. F. ii. pp. 191, 472 (1874); Brooks, Stir. 
F. iii. p. 232 (1875); Hume, Sir. F. iv. p. 156 (1876); Fairbanh, 
t. c. p. 2o5; David fy Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 64 (1877); Davidson $ 
Wenden, 8tr. F. vii. p. 79 (1878); Ball, t c. p. 207; Cripps, t. c. 
p. 264; Hume, Mr. F. viii. pp. 53, 88 (1879); Vidal, Br. F. ix. 
p, 55 (1880); Bingham, t. c. p. 167; Hume, t. c. p. 248 ; Butler, 
t.c. p*. 388; Leqge, B. Ceylon, i. p. 228 (1880); Salvad. Dm. 
Papuasia, I p. 330 (1880); Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 390; Davison, 
Str. F. x. p. 359 (1681); Oates, Handb. B. Brit Burmah, ii. 
p. 104 (1883); Marshall, Ibis, 1884, p. 411; 8tyan, Ibis, 1887, 
p. 230; Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 11. 
Cuculus concretus, 8. Midi. Verh. Nat Ges, Land-en Volk. p. 236 
(1839-44); Bp. Consp. i. p. 103 (1850) ; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem, 
VOL XIX. & 

242 CTJCTTLID^ffi. 

a. p. 39, note (1862); Schl Mus.Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 13 (1864); 
Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 216, no. 9009; Sakad. TJce. Borneo, p. 66 
(1874); Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 245. 
Ouculus affinis, "Hay? Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 18 (1846); 
Hume, Str. F viii. p. 88 (1879); Wardlaw Ba?nsay, App. Tiveedd. 
Orn. Works, p. 671 (1881). 

Ouculus striatus, Gray, Cat. Mamm. etc. Nepal pres. Hodgs. (1846, 
pt.) ; Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 70 (1849); Horsf. $ Moore, 
Cat B.Mus. B.I. Co. ii. p. 703, pt. (1856-58); Swinh. Ibis, 1861, 

p. 259, pt.; Cab. $• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 87 (1862); Jerd. B. 
Ind. i. p. 328 (1862); id. Ibis, 1872, p. 13; Seebohm, Ibis, 
1878, p. 327; Blyth § Wald. B. Burmah, p. 79 (1875); Hume, 
Str. F. xi. p. 70 (1882). 
(Juculus fasciatus, Burm. Verz. Mus. Halle, p. 54 (1850). 
Nicoclarius concretus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 6 (1854). 
Cuculus swinkoei, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 37, nute (1862); 


Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 216, no. 9002. 
Cuculus kyperytkrus (nee Goidd), Swinh. P. Z. S. 1803, p. 205. 
Cuculus mickieanus, Swinh. Ann. § Mag. 2V. H. (4) vi. p. 153 (1870j; 

Jerd. Bis, 1872, p. 13. 
Cuculus sp., Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. xiii. p. 457 (1878). 

Adult. Above dark brown, shading into slaty grey on the back 
of the neck and head; tail rather paler brown, with a broad subterminal 
black bar and a white tip, all the feathers having about 
five or six white spots on their quills, increasing in size towards 
the outer feathers, and most of them having white notches on their 
inner webs; throat grey, sometimes shaded with dusky on the sides 
of the crop; sides of the head and neck rather darker grey, more 
like the crown; remainder of the underparts buff or white, rather 
broadly barred with black, the under tail-coverts being less 
regularly marked and with fewer bars; under surface of the wings 
as in C. canorus : " iris brown; bill horny, below lighter and tinted 
with yellow towards the base; gape and eyelids bright yellow; 
feet and legs duller yellow; two front claws horny, two hind ones 
yellowJ1 (C. T. Bingham). Total length 12 inches, culmen 1, wing8, 
tail 6-3, tarsus 0*8." 

Immature. Above brown, darker on the head; the crown and 
neck thickly mottled with broad fulvous ends to the feathers; 
feathers on the back and wings broadly tipped with rufous or buff; 
tail very similar to that of the adult, but with the pale portion 
more rufous; beneath buff, barred with black, and mottled with 
grey on the throat in older specimens. 

Hah. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, ranging through the Burmese 
provinces to Malacca, Java, Sumatra, and Borneo, as far as 
Ternate in the Moluccas, north to China and Japan. 

a. Ad.sk.
b, e. Ad. skd. Ad. sk.
e. Imm. sk. 
Ceylon. 
Ceylon (H Nevitt). 
Coonoor, Nilghiris, July 28. 
Malabar. 
Hugh Cuming, Esq. 
fC.]. * 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
f. <$ ad. sk. N. Kanara, May 3 (H.
M. James). 
E. Hume Coll. 

g. d ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
i Ad. sk. 
k,L Ad.sk. 
m. Juv. sk. 
7i, o. d ad. sk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
q-s. 
Ad. ; £. 
Juv. sk. 

u. Ad. sk. 
y. Ad. sk. 
io,x,y. Ad. j 3, 
a', b'. Imm. sk, 
r'-m'. Ad.; 
#'£'. 
Imm. sk. 

•a". Ad.; b".
Juv. sk. 
c", d". Ad. sk. 
e". Ad. sk. 
/". d ad.sk. 

a". Ad. sk. 
'h"f i". <$ ad. ; 

k". $ ad. sk. 
I". Ad. sk. 
m". Ad. sk. 
n". Ad. sk. 

o". $ ad. sk. 

p'r, q". S ad.; 
>•", s". 6 2 
juv. sk. 

t". d ad. sk. 

u". d ad. sk. 

v". d ad. sk. 

10". Ad. sk. 
x". d ad. sk. 

y". Ad. sk. 
z"-e\ Ad. et 

juv. sk. 
d^-g"1. Juv.sk. 
h3-P. Ad.; m3


o3. Juv. sk. 
ps d ad. sk. 

23> ^3- c? ? juv. 
sk. 
s3. (j ad. sk. 

6. ctJctTLtrs. 
Landaur, June 1 (W. E. 
Brooks). 

Masuri. 
Masuri (8. Pinioill). 
Naini Tal. 
Sewalik Hills. 
Futtehgur District, June 10 


(A. Anderson). 
Sultanpnr, Oudh. 
Nepal. 

Nepal (B. H. IIodgso?i). 
Nepal. 
Native Sikliim, May to July, 

Sept., Oct. (L. Mandelli)." 
Sikhim, Jan., March to Oct. 

(Z. Mandelli). 
Darjeeling. 

Dacca, March. 
Assam. 
Dollah, Assam, Apiil 27 (J. 


Cockbum). 
Cachar (J. Inglis). 
Manipur, April (A. 0. II.). 

Comilla, Tippora. 
Burma. 
Karen Hills, Nov. (R. G. 


W. JR.). 
Thayetmvo, March 2(3 (JE. 
W. Gates). 
Pegu, April, Aug., Dec. 

Thoungyeen River, Tenasserim, 
March 4 (C. T. Bingham). 


Choulai Creek, Dec. 14 (W. 
JDavison). 
Mooleyit, Feb. 21 (W. Davi


son). 
Cambodia (MouJiot). 
Klang, Salangore, Nov. 11 

( W. Damson), 
Penang (Dr. Cantor). 
Malacca. 
Malacca (Dr. Cantor). 
Malacca, July, Aug. (W. 
Davison). 

S. Andamans, Jan. 9 (JR. G. 
W. It). 
Port Blair, S. Andamans, July, 
Aug. (JR. J. Wimberley). 
Mt. Harriett, S. Andamans, 


March (W. Davison). 

Hume Col 

Gould Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coli 
Hume Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 

India Museum. 

Hodgson Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Oates Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

B2 

244 CtrCTJLID^B. 
£\ c? ad. sk.
w3. Juv. sk.
vK Ad. st.
w3 , #3 . Ad.; y3 ,
J2:j . Juv. sk. 
a\ Ad.sk.
bl . Juv. sk. 
Sumatra. 
Java. 
Borneo. 
Sarawak, Borneo, Sept. 
Shanghai (Capt. Ince). 
Shanghai, China, July 29 
Wallace Coll. 
Purchased. 
Purchased. 
A. H. Everett, Esq. 
[O.]. 
Mrs. Ince [P.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
cK <$ ad. sk.
(JR. Swinhoe). 
Ningpo, China, May (R Seebohrn Coll. 
cK $ ad. sk.
eK Imperfectskeleton. 
Swinhoe). 
Yezo, Japan. 
Nepal. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

2. CUCTLITIS gpalaris. 
Le Coucou vulgaire d'Afrique, Levaill. Ols. d'Afr. v. p. 20, plh. 20, 
21 (1806). 

Cuculus gularis, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 88., pi. 17 (1815); Hartl. 
Orn. W.-Afr. p. 189 (1857); Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 249 (1867) ; 
Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 215, no. 8986 (1870) ; Heugl Orn. K.O.-
Afr. pp. 781, clxiii (1871); Gitrney in Anderss. B. Damara-Ld. 
p.* 228 (1872); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 585 ; Buckley, Ibis, 1874, 

p. 860 ; Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 139 (1877) ,* Fiscli. § Reichen. 
J. f. 0. 1879, p. 841; Hartl. Abhandl nat. Ver. Brem. vii. p. 113 
(1881); Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 245 ; Bohm, J. /. 0. 1883, p. 105 ; 
Sehalow, t. c. p. 345 ,* Sharpe, ed. layard? s B. S. Afr. pp. 148,809 
(1875-84); id. Jonrn. Linn. Soc, Zool. xviii. p. 432 (1884); 
Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 42 ; Salvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. Genov. 1888, 
p. 213. 
Cuculus capensis (nee P. L. S. Mull.), Cuv. Begne Anim. i. p. 424 
(1817). 
Cuculus lineatus, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 178, pi..18 (1837). 
Cuculus ruficollis, Heugl. Syst. Uebers. p. 49 (1859). 
Cuculus leptodetus, Cab. 8f Heine, Mm. Hein. iv. p. 34, note (1862); 

Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 215, no. 8993; Fischer, J.f 0. 1885, 

p. 124; Matschie, J.f. 0. 1887, p. 140. 
Cuculus tenuirostris, Verr. MS.,[fide Heugl. Orn. N.O,-Afr. p. 781 
(1871). 
Cuculus aurantiirostris, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 584. 

Adult male. Very similar to C. canorus, from which it differs iu 
the colouring of the bill and in the amount of the white marks on 
the tail, which latter has a rather well marked dark subterminal 
bar; the bars on the breast generally a trifle narrower: outer 
tail-feather with about six complete white bars, indicated but not 
complete on the remainder of the feathers, and diminishing in 
extent towards the centre ones, where they are replaced by large 
spots, much larger than in C. canorus • basal third of the upper 
mandible and two-thirds of the lower mandible yellow : " iris and 
legs yellow" (T. E. Buckley). Total length 12*5 inches, culmen 1, 
wing S'5, tail 6*8, tarsus 0*9. 

Adult female. Probably differs in plumage from the male in the 
same manner as in C. canorus, as some specimens, apparently females, 

6 . CTJCULUS. 
245 
have the lower throat and front of the breast very strongly shaded 
with ruf ous-buff. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in somewhat the same manner 
as in G. canorus, but the bars on the upper parts are mostly 
entirely white. 

Hab. South and Central Africa, throughout Eastern and Northeastern 
Africa to Upper Nubia, and occurring in Senegambia on 
the "West Coast. 

a, b. <$ § ad. sk. Lado, Equatorial Africa, April Emm Pasha [P.]. 

10. 
c. Ad. sk Sassa, Niam-Niam Country, F. Bolmdorff [0.]. 
Sept. 
d. 
1mm. sk. Kiver Gambia (Sir A. Shelley Coll. 
Moloney). 
e. Ad.; / . Imm. Bathurst, It. Gambia. Sharpe Coll.^ (Tynes 
sk. of G. aurantiirostris.) 
g, h. $ ad.; i. J Otjimbinque, Damara-Land, Sharpe Coll. 
ad.; k. Imm. March (C. J. Andersson). 
sk. 

I. 
J imm. sk. Ondonga, Ovampo-Land, Jan. Sharpe Coll. 
22 (G. J. Andersson), 
m. 
S ^d. sk. Meathly E.., Bamangwato, Shelley Coll. 
Oct. 24 (T. U. Buckley), 
n. Ad. sk. South Africa. Earl of Derby [P.]. 
Cuculus caiiorus and its allies. 

The group to which the Common Cuckoo belongs contains three 
very closely allied species. G. canorus differs in its well-known 
note from the other two, but very slightly in the plumage. If 
we assign to it the following characters, we shall rarely fail 
to recognize it:—Length of wing not less than 8 inches; head 
in the young with some white feathers; back of the head and 
lower back not strongly barred in the rufous plumage. There is, 
however, a small race with narrower bars found in Maroeco, and 
apparently throughout the whole Mediterraneo-Persic subregion, 
extending down the Red Sea to East Africa and the Persian 
Gulf. It has the true "cuckoo" note. The absence of white 
feathers on the head of the young bird is a character confined to 

C. intermedins and G. jpoliocepTialus, while the barring of the hinder 
crown and lower back is always very distinct in G. intermedins and 
rarely occurs in G. jpotocephalus, which by its short wing of only 
6-5 inches may be easily recognized. 
3. Cuculus canorus. 
Cuculus canoms,Zwm. Syst. Nat. i.p. 168 (1766) j Ilorsf. Trans.Linn. 
8. xiii. p. 170 (1821); Naum. Tog. BexiUchlpis. 127,128,129 (182253): 
Temm. Man. d'Orn. i. p. 381 (1820); Werner, Atlas, Zygod. 
pis. 1,2 (1828); ##te,P.£,& 1832, p, 98; Gould, B. Eur.lii.^MO 

CTJCTJLIB-aE. 

(1837); Blyth, J A. S. Btng. xi. p. 901 (1842) ; Biipp. Syst. Uebers. 

p. 96 (1845); Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 71 (1849); Kjcerb. Orn. 
Dan. pi. 10, & Suppl pi. 4 (1851); Schl Vog. Nederl. pis. 55, 56 
(1854-58); Earth Orn. W.-Afr. p. 266 (1857); Horsf. <§* Moore, 
Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. p. 702 (1858) ; Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 229 ; 
Sundev. Svensh. Fogl. pi. 21. figs. 4, 5 (1862); Blahiston, Ibis, 
1862, p. 325 ; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iy. p. 32 (1862); Jerd. 
B. Ind. i. p. 322 (1862); Swinh. Ibis, 1863, p. 396; ScM. Mus. 
Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 4 (1864); Bettoni, Ucc. Bomb. ii. pi. 92 
(1865-70); Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 359; Ti/tler, Ibis, 1868, p. 202; 
Blanf. Geol. $ Zool. Abyss, p. 312 (1870); Fritsch, Vog. Eur. 
pi. iy. figs. 8, 9 (1870); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 215, no. 8985 ; 
Swinh.^B.Z.S. 1871, p. 395; Heur/l. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 779 
(1871) ; Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 162 (1872); Gumey in Anderss.B. 
Damara-ld. p. 227 (1872) ; Jerd. Ibh, lfc72, p. 12 ; Cab. J.f. 0. 
1872, p. 235; Gould, B. Gt. Brit. iii. pk. 07, GS (1873); Hume, 
Nests ty Eggs Ind. B. p. 133 (1873) ; Alston § Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 
1873, p. 59; Brooke, t.c. p. 236; Cock # Marshall, Str. F. i. 
p. 351 (1873) ; Adams, t. c. p. 373; Stejneger, J.f 0.1873, p. 305 ; 
Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 52 ; Dumford, t. c. p. 395 ; Ball, Str. F. ii. 
p. 393 (1874); Swinh. Ibis, 1875, p. 125 ; Danford, i. c. p. 299; 
Kruper, J. f. O. 1875, p. 279; Sachse, t. c. p. 424; Hume, 
Str. F. iii. p. 78 (1875); Brooks, t. c. p. 232; Bygrave Wharton, 
Ibis, 1876, p. 26 ; Seebohm § Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 112; 
Barratt, t. c. p. 199; Bresser, t. c. p. 320; Scully, Str. F. iy. 
p. 134 (1876); Hume, t. c. p. 288; Schaloio, J. f. O. 1876, p. 160; 
Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 138 (1877); David 8; Oust. Ois. Chine, 
p. 64 (1877) ; Ayres, Ibis, 1877, p. 342 ; Wardlaw Fuimsay, t. c. 
p. 458; Hume, Str. F. Y. p. 27 (1877); Schalozv, J.f.O. 1877, 
p. 196; Bresser, B. Eur. y. p. 199, pi. 299 (1878) ; Danford, Ibis, 
1878, p. 7; Blahiston fy Fryer, t. e. p. 227 ; Seebohm, t. e. p. 326 ; 
Hume, Str. F. yi. p. 156 (1878); Davidson S,- Wendea, Str. F. yii. 
p. 78 ; Butler, Str. F. yii. p. 181 (1878) ; Ball, t. c. p. 206; Finsch, 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 12; Hume, Str. F. yiii. p. 88 (1879); Scully, t. c. 
p. 253 ; A. Miill J.f 0. 1879, p. 387; Legge, B. Ceylon, i. p. 221 
(1880); Wardlato Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 50 ; Biddulph, Str. F. 
ix. p. 314 (1889); Butler, t. c. p. 387; Barnes, t. c. p. 453 ; 
Biddulph, Ibis, 1881, p. 49 ; Scully, t. c. p. 430; Meid, Sir. F. x. 
p. 26 (1881); Sadly, t. c. p. 102; Damson, t. c. p. 299; Swinh. 
Ibis, 1882, p. 103; Seebohm, t. c. pp. 209, 373; Shelley, t. c. 
p. 309; Oates, Handb. B. Brit. Burmah, ii. p. 103 (1883) ; Seebohm, 
Ibis, 1883, p. 22; Severtz. t. c. p. 71; Irby, t. c. p. 179; 
Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 147, 809 (1875-84); Tristr. 
Faun, fy Flor. Falestine, p. 89 (1884); Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. 
ii p. 378, pi. 19 (1884); Ay res, Ibis, 1884, p. 223; Saunders, 
t. c. p. 380; Marshall, t. c. p. 410; Fisch. Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 
1884, p. 365; Swinh. 8f Barnes, Ibis, 1885, p. 63; Dixon, t. c. 
p. 84; Menzbier, t. c. p. 257; Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 551; 
Fisch. J.f. 0. 1885, p. 124; Deditius, t. c. p. 203; Dubois, Bull 
Mus. Belg. 1885, p. 181; Schaloio, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1885, 
p. 16; Booth, Bough Notes, part xiii. pi.; Sharpe, Ibis, 1886, 
pp. 489,498; Hariert, J.f 0. 1886, p. 597; Styan, Ibis, 1887, 
p. 230; Tait, t. c. p. 306; Bocage, Jorn. Lisb. 1887, p. 5; Leverk. 
J.f. 0. 1887, pp. 79,191; W. Midi, t. c. p. 169; Schalow, t. c. 
p. 188; Hartert, t. e. p. 253; Eckstein, t. c. p. 280; St. John, 
Ibis, 1889, p. 159; A. Miill t. c. p. 219; Lilford, t. c. p. 330 ; 
Oates, t. c, p. 355; Clai'ke, t. c. p. 549 ; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests 
6 . CtrCXTLTJS. 247 
fy Eggs, ii. p. 379 (1890): Seek Birds Japan. Bmp. p. 169 
(1890). r 
Le Concern, Montbeill. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 305 (1779); Baubent. 
PL JEJnl vi. pi. 811. 
Coucou du Cap de Bonne Esperance, Month. PL Eril. vi. pi. 390. 
Cuculus capensis, P. L. S. Midi. Syst. Nat Suppl. p. 90 (1776); Gm. 
Syst Nat i. p. 410 (1788) ; Staph Gen. Z. ix. p. 85 (1815); Cab. 
fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 42 (pt., 1862); Cass. Proc. Philad. Ac. 
1864, p. 243. 
Cuculus hepaticus, Sparrm. Mus. Carls, iii. p. 55 (1789); Lath. Ind. 
Om. i. p. 215 (1790); Sundev. Krit om Sparrm. p. 10 (1857). 
Cuculus rufus, Bechst. Nat. Hist JDeutscM. ii. p. 1142 (1792); id. 
Om. Taschenb. i. p. 84 (1802). 
Cuculus tristis, Hermann, Observ. Zool. p. 131 (1804). 
Coucou vulgaire d'Europe, Levaill. Ois. d'Afr. v. p. 26, pis. 202, 203 
(1806). 
Cuculus borealis, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. i. p. 442 (1811). 
Cuculus cinereus {nee VieilL), Brehm, Yog. Beutschl. p. 153 (1831). 
? Cuculus tenuirostris, S. Mull. Verh. Nat. Qesch. Zand-en Folk 

p. 235, note (1839-44); Pp. Consp. Av. i. p. 103 (1850); Cab. $ 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 39 (1862). 
Cuculus longipennis, Brehm, Naumannia, 1855, p. 271. 
Cuculus striatals (nee Brap.), Swinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 259. 
Cuculus telephonus, Heine, J.f. 0.1863, p. 352. 
Cuculus libanoticus, Tristr. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 432. 
Cuculus canorus telephonus, Stejn. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 29, 

p. 224 (1885); Taczanozvs7ci, P. Z. S. 1887, p. 607,1888, p. 466. 
Cuculus canorus Iborealis, Stejn. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 29, p. 225 
(1885). 
Cuculus peninsuloe, Stejn. t. c. p. 227. 


Adult male. General colour above leaden grey, slightly shaded 
with olive on the mantle and wings; quills dark brown, more or 
less notched with white on the inner webs; lateral upper tail-
coverts narrowly edged and partially barred with white; tail slaty 
black, with wbite ends to all the feathers and with about seven 
double white spots along their shafts and white notches on their 
inner webs, never forming bars across the feathers ; sides of the 
head and neck, chin and throat grey, slightly paler than the 
crown; remainder of the underparts white, shaded with buff 
on the abdomen and under tail-coverts, and very regularly barred 
with dusky black; axillaries and under wing-coverts barred like 
the breast, with a portion near the bend of the wing and most of 
the greater series leaden grey ; quills beneath dusky brown, with 
white bars on their inner webs, broadest and most strongly marked 
towards the base of the feathers; bill black, yellowish at the base 
and edges; iris and legs yellow. Total length 14 inches, culmen 
0*9, wing 8*9, tail 7, tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Differs only in plumage from the male in having 
the base of the throat shaded with rufous. Total length 12*6 
inches, culmen 0-85, wing 8*3, tail 6-8, tarsus 0*75. 

Nestling. General plumage above dark brown, partially barred 
with rufous, with a narrow white terminal margin to each of the 
feathers, broadest on the wings and tail; crown and nape much 

248 
CTTCTTI.IDJ5. 

mottled with, white; sides of the head, chin, and throat blackish 
brown and white in broad bars of nearly even breadth; remainder 
of the under surface of the body white, with blackish-brown bars 
not half the width of the intervening white spaces. Total length 
6*7 inches, wing 5. 

Young nearly full-groivn. Above grey, passing into brownish 
black on the head, wings, and tail • crown and nape mottled with 
white feathers; feathers of the head, neck, wings, and tail 
strongly barred with rufous; remainder of the back much less 
distinctly barred, each feather being tipped with white next to a 
subterminal dark bar; tail with waved rufous bars passing into 
white near the shafts of the feathers and with white ends * general 
colour of the underparts huffish white, with blackish-brown bars, 
slightly broader on the chin and throat than on the breast. Total 
length 11*7 inches, wing 7*25. 

Hepatic phase. Greneral colour of the upper parts cinnamon, 
barred on the head, mantle, and wings with dusky black * lower 
back and upper tail-coverts with a few black spots next to their 
shafts; outer tail-coverts with partial traces of dark bars; tail 
partially barred with black and marked with white near the shafts, 
the tips, and some of the edges of the feathers, and with a broad 
subterminal black band ; underparts huffish white, rather darker 
on the throat, and all the feathers barred with dusky black. 
Total length 11*7 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 8*5, tail 0*7, tarsus 

Hab. Nearly the whole of the Old World. 

a. Juv. sk. 
Whitehall, Midlothian {21 G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. R.). 
b. Juv. st. Leicestershire. Theodore Walker, 
, Esq. [P.]. 
c. Juv. sk. 
Cambridgeshire. Seebohm Coll. 
d. Imm. st. 
Cambridgeshire. Mr. Baker. 
e. Juv. hepat. sk. Aylesbury, Bucks. Forbes Coll. 
/. 6 ad.; g-Cookham, May, July (W. R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
h. Juv. st. 
Briggs). [P.]. 
I 
2 ad. sk. West Drayton, Middlesex, E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
June. [P.l 

m. 
J acl. sk. Higbgate, May 30 (R B. &). Tweeddale Coll. 
Kingsbury, June 2. J. E. Harting, Esq. 
n. [ 5 ad.] sk. [P.]. 
Brentford, Sept. 9. J. E. Cunnington, 
o. Juv. sk. Esq. [P.]. 
Olapham, August. J. E. Harting, Esq. 
p. 
Juv. st. [P.]. 
Wandsworth, Oct. 14. Alex. Brooke, Esq. 
q. (S juv. sk. 
[p.]. 

Eomney, Kent, Sept. V 

E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
r. Juv. sk. 
s. J ad. sk. 
Brighton, May 2. Gtould Coll. 
t. 
Juv. sk. Pagham, Sussex, July. E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[p.]. 
u~~w. Ad.; x-a\Avington, Hants. May, July, Shelley Coll. 
Juv. sk. Aug. (G, JE.&). 

6 . CUCULTJS. 
249 
V. J ad. sk. 
c\d\ Ad. etjuv. 
sk. 
e', $ j uv * i-^pat. 
sk. 
/' . Var. alb. sk. 

/ . Ad. sk. 

ti. 2 &&•s^* 

z, kf. 3 ad. sk. 

V. S ad. sk. 
m'. d ad. sk, 
n'. Pall. sk. 
o'. Juv.sk. 
$/, 2 ad. sk. 

^', /•'. Ad.; s'. 
Imm. sk. 
£'. cJ ad. sk. 

tL Ad. sk. 
»'. § juv. sk. 

to*. <£ j11^. sk. 
,c\ Ad. sk. 
#'. 2 jr. hepat. 

sk. 
ss\ $ ad. sk. 
<*",&". Ad.; e". 

Juv. hepat;. sk. 
d!\ d ad. sk. 

e". Ad. sk. 
/",</". dad.sk. 
A". Ad. sk. 
£". Imni. sk. 
k", V. Imm. sk. 

wr', w". d ad.; 
o". 2 ad. sk. 
p". 2 ad. sk. 

#". Juv. liepat. 
sk. 
?'", 2 imm« sk. 

su, t". Imm. sk. 

u". Ad. sk. 
»". Ad.sk 

w". Ad. sk. 
.T". d juv. sk. 
y", js". d ad. sk. 

Ckristckurch, Hants. 
Devonshire. 


Avetongifford, Devonshire; 
Aug. 1. 
Cornwall. 

Europe. 
Norway, July. 
Skane/ Sweden, June (W. 


Meves). 
Wermland, July 7 {W, M.). 


Holland. 
Westphalia. 
Nice." 
Seville. Spain, Aug. (Howard 


Saunders). 

Tangiers. 

Waregra, Tunis, March (0. 

Salvin). 

Athens. 
Turkey, Sept. (T. Robson). 


Smyrna, June 28 (T. Kr'dper). 
Erzeroum [Dickson fy Ross). 
Erzeroum, Sept. (Dickson $ 

Ross). 

Merom, Palestine. 
Egypt, April. 

Anseba Vallev, Bogos, Aug. 4, 

1868. 
Ailat, Bogos (JBsler). 
Massowah ( W. Jesse). 
Abyssinia ( Yerreaux). 
Fantee. 
Connor's Hill, Fantee, Xov. 2 

{H. T. Ussher), 
Ot]imbinq_ue, Daniara-Land, 
Feb.-Apr. (C. J. Andersson). 
Ondonga, Ovampo-Land, Dec. 

22 (C.J. A.). 

S.E. Africa. 
Potchefstroom, Jan. (T. 
Ay res). 

Transvaal, Dec., Jan. 

Zambesi. 
Maniboio, E. Africa (Sir J. 

Kirk). 
Jeddah, Arabia (Zohrcib). 
Mesopotamia (Comm. Jones). 
Bushire, Persian Gulf, April 

10,1885. 

Baron A. von Hiigel. 
Montagu Ooll. 

R. P. Xicholls, Esq. 
Sir Joseph Banks, 
[p.]. 
General Hardwicke. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
It. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[P.]. 

R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweedclale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Seebohm Ooll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Consul Merlin. 

R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[P.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Zoological Society. 
Gould Coll. 

Canon TrLtram [C.]. 
Shelley Coll. 

W. T.Blanford,Esq. 
Snelley Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

A. Swanzy,Esq. "P.l. 
Sharpe Coll. ta 
Sharpe Ooll. 

Sharpe Coll. 

John Rocke, Esq. 

[P.J. 
Shelley Coll. 
F. 
A. Barratt Esq. 
[P.]. 
Dr. Bradshaw [C]. 

Shelley Coll. 

Shelley Coll. 

India Musjum. 

A. J. V. Palmer, Esq. 
[p.]. 
250 

a\ Juv. sk. 

b"*. 3 ad. sk. 

c3. Juv. sk. 

d1 3 

, e. Inim. sk. 
f3. § juv. sk. 
g\ (S imm. sk. 

h3 

. S ad. sk. 
2J. $ ad. sk. 
k\ S ad. sk. 


P. Ad. sk 
m . Juv. liepat. 
sk. 
wl Ad.; o\ 
Juv. sk. 
;?*. Ad. sk. 
q3, $ juv.hepat. 

sk. 
r\s\ Ad.; t\ 2 
juv. hepat. sk. 
w°. 5 Juv


sk


#3 3 

, w. J ad. sk. 

.r3. Ad.sk. 
if. $ ad. sk. 
s3. tf ad. sk. 

«*. tf ad.; b\ 

Juv. sk. 
fl. Ad. sk. 
dK J ad. sk. 


e\ f\ Ad. sk. 
g\h\ Ad. sk. 
V*,fls*. tf ad.; /4. 

juv. sk. 
ml. Ad.; 7il. S 


juv. sk. 
o1. Juv.sk. 
p^-ifi. tf ad. et 

juv.; vl~b5. J 
ad. et juv. sk. 

c5, d\ tf ad. et 
juv.; e5,f5. J 
ad. sk. 

g5. <$ ad. sk. 
'h5. Ad.; e"M5. 

Imm. sk. 
m3, n5. Ad. sk. 
o5. Ad. sk. 

^5-55. Ad.; t5. 
Juv. sk, 

ctrcuxiD^. 

Eao, Persian Gulf. 

Mount Maskish, Persia, May 

21. 
Shiraz, July. 
Teheran. 
Nukuss, River Oxus, Aug. 
Uzgent, Oct. 
Karakol, July. 
Vernoi, July. 
Ala Kul, Turkestan, May (Dr. 
0. Finsch). 
Tokulko, Baluchistan. May 

(0. T. Duke'). 
Shawlkote, June (0. T. Duke). 
Afghanistan (Griffith). 

Jugdulluk (Griffith). 
Canclakar, June 23 (Sir ^ O. 
St John). 

Quetta, May 1881. 

Karachi, Sept. 30 (E. A. 
Butte?-). 
Deesa, Aug., Sept. (2?. A. 
Butler). 

Mount xAboo. 
Sarnbhur, Mav (22. M. Adam). 
Delhi, April l8(C. T. Bing


ham) . 
Umbala, Aug. 

Sirsa. Punjab. 
Sharpoor, Kangra Vnllev, 

May 10. 
Oashrnere (Dr. JBellew). 
Cashmere, Aug. 
Gilgit,May, Aug. 

Murree. 


Kotegurh, April. 
Simla, May, July, Aug., Sept. 


Simla, June, July, Sept. 


Simla, June. 


N.W. Himalayas. 
Dehra Dhoon. 
Kalsi, Dhoon, April 26 (<?. 

F. L. Marshall). 
Kiimaun (Strachey), 
TVr.D. Cummin^,Esq. 
[P.]. 
W.T.Blanford,Esq. 
[0.]. 
Sir 0. St. John [C.1. 

C. Darwin, Esq. [P?I. 
SevertzoffColl. 
Severtzoff Coll. 
fcfe\ertzoffColl. 
SevertzotfColl. 
Geoer. Soc. Bremen 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Cull. 


India Museum. 


India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 


Colonel Swinho^[P.\ 


Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Colonel Butler [C.]. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Colonel Biddulph 


rc.]. 

Colonel Biddulph 

[0.]. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll 

Col. J. Biddulph [CA 
Pinwill CoU. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

India Museum, 

6. CTJCXTLTJa. 251 
uP. S ad. sk. 
v5) w5. Ad.; $5, 
?/5. Imin. sk. 
z5, a6, tf ? ad. sk. 

Z»u. Juv. sk. 

cc. S imm. sk. 
ri^d 1 ad.;/6. 
5 inim. sk. 

<76. Ad. sk. 
7i*-k*. Ad.; /GQ


r. 1mm. sk. 
s6. Ad. sk. 
tG. Ad.; ?*°. Juv. 
sk. 
y6-sG. Ad.; «7


k7. Imm. sk. 
Z\ Ad. sk. 
m7, Imm. sk. 
w7. Ad. sk. 
o7. Ad. sk. 
p7. Ad. sk. 

27 7 

, r. £ $ ad.; 
s7. (5 juv.sk. 
£7-s7. tf ad. et 
imm.; a8-e*. $ 
acl. et imm. sk. 

fs 

. $ imm. sk. 
g», h\ Ad. sk. 
F, k6. $ ad. sk. 

P. Ad. sk. 
m8. c? imm. sk. 
w8, os. Imm. sk. 

^>\ Ad. sk. 
q8. $ ad. sk. 

rH. Juv. sk. 

s8. 5 imm. sk. 

f. $ imm. sk. 
2^\ Juv. sk. 

v8, w8. Ad. sk. 
.t'8. Ad. sk. 
y8, z8. <S ad. sk. 

ad~c9. S ad. et 
imm.; dQ-f°. 
$ ad. et imm. 
sk. # 

^9. § imm. sk, 
7i9, *9. d 2 imm. 
sk. 
&s 

. Imm. sk. 

Ahnorah, May 15. 
Etawak, Aug., Sept. 

Fnttebgurh Dist., May, Aug. 

(A. Anderson). 
Gondah, Oudh (S. PhitoilT). 
Saugor, Sept. 11. 
Nepal Valley, Aug., Sept. (/. 
(Scully). 

Nepal. 
Nepal. 

Thibet. 
Native Sikhim, March, Oct. 

(L. Mandelli). 
Sikhim, May, Sept., Oct. (£. 

Darjiling, April. 
Darjihng {Pearson). 

Bhutan (Pemberton). 
Khasia Hills (Jerdon). 

Shillong, July, May (A. W. 

Chennell). 
Shillong, July, Aug., Oct. (/. 
Cochbum). 

Dibrughur, Aug. (J. P. Cripps). 

Cachar. 
Manipur, April,
o. jr.). 
May (A. 
Dacca, March. 
Barrackpur, Sept. (P. C. 
Beavan). 
Haipur. 
Mkow {P. Blackburn). 
Belgaum, Oct. 7 (E. A. 
Butkr). 
Malabar. 

Mysore, Nov. 

Kotagherry, Oct. 26 (Miss 
Cochbum). 

Travancore, Feb. 


Tippera. 
Burma. 
Karen-nee, March (JR. G. 


W. P.). 
Pegu, Feb., Sept., Oct., Nov. 

S. Andamans, Nov. 16. 
S. Andamans, Nov. (P. G 
W. P.).
Malacca {Dr. Maingay). 
Ilumo Ooll. 
Hume Ooll. 

Seebohm Ooll. 

Tweeddale Coll 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

Earl Gifford [P.] 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 
India Museum. 
Gould Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Seebohm Ooll. 

Hume Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

W. Davison, Esq. 
[p.]. 
Hume Ooll. 

F. Bourdillon, Esq. 
[0.]. 
Hume Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Oates Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

252 
CUCULID/F;. 

P. Ad. sk. Singapore. Gould Coll 
w°. Ad. sk. Java (Horsjield). India Museum. 
n9. Ad. sk. Dahat Island, Dec. 28. A. H. Everett, Esq. 
[0.]. 

09. Ad. sk. Kina Benua River, Labium, Governor Ussher[C.]. 
March. 
p\ Ad. sk. Philippines. T-weeddale Coll. 
q\ Ad. sk. Menado, Celebes. Tweeddale Coll. 
r\ <5 ad. sk. Batchian. Wallace Coll. 

s. tf imm. sk. Amboyna {A. P. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
tf},w9. tf ad. sk. Timor. Wallace Coll. 
vd,wQ. Imm.sk. Morty Island. Wallace Coll. 
a,'\ Juv. sk. Port Moresby, New Guinea. Mr. A. Goldie ""CI. 
y\ Ad. sk. Port Denison, Dec. Forbes Coll. 

%\ Ad. sk. Cape York. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

«10. Ad. sk. Japan. 
Seebohm Coll. 
b10 

. S ad. sk. Yezo. Seebohm Coll. 
c10. J imm. sk. Hakodadi, Sept. (H. Whitely). Tweeddale Coll. 


d10 

. Imm. sk. Yokohama (H. Pri/er). Seebohm Coll. 
e*°. Ad. sk. Yeddo. Tweeddale Coll. 

/10 

. # ad. sk. Teintsin (R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll. 
g10. Juv. sk. China. Tweeddale Coll. 


A10 

, P . Ad. sk. Ichang, N. China. Mr. Pratt [C.]. 
A10,*10. (5s 2 ad. Pekin, July, Sept. (P. SwinSeebohm 
Coll. 

sk. hoe). 
m10. Imm. sk. S. Manchuria. Dr. James [P.]. 
w10. Juv. sk. Shanghai (P. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll. 

010 

. Imm. sk. Foochow, Oct. (P. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll. 
/ V°- Skeleton. England. Purchased. 
rw. Skeleton; South Germany. Dr. A. Giinther. 

10, t10

s. Skulls. 
it10. Sternum. England. G.Ingall,Esq. [P.]. 
r10. Sternum. Europe. M. Lefevre. 
tc10. Sternum; Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
x10. Bones of 
trunk. 


4. Cxiculus intennedlus. 
Cuculus intermedins, VaJil, Skriv. af Natuur. Selsh. iv. p. 58 (1797); 
Oates, ed. Hume's Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 381 (1890); Seek 
Birds Japan. Emp. p. 109 (1890). 

Cuculus striata, 
Drap. Diet Class. Hist. Nat. p. 570 (1823;; id. 
Diet. Class. Sc. iii. p. 144 (1838); Horsf. § Moore, Cat. B. Mus. 

E.I Co. ii. p. 703, pt. (1850-58); Sivinh. Ibis, 1801, pp. 259,340; 
Cab. 8? Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 37 (1862) ; Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 7 (1804); Blyth, Ibis, 1860, p. 359; Sivinh. P. Z. S. 
1871, p. 395; Hume, Str. F. i. p. 422 (1873); id. Nests § Eggs Ind. 
B. p. 134 (1873) ; id. Str. F. ii. pp. 190,472 ; Mosenb. Pei'si. naar 
Geelvinhb. p. 6 (1875); Hume, Str. F. vi. p. 156 (1878), viii. pp. 
53, 88 (1879) ; Sadly, t. c. p. 254; Davison, t. c. p. 359; A. Mull 
J. f. O. 1882, p. 406; Oates. Handb. B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 105 
(1883) ; id. Ibis, 1889, p. 357. 
Cuculus 
himalayanus, Vig. P. Z. S. 1831, p. 172; Blyth, Cat B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 71 (1849) ; Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. A Mus. E.L 
Co. ii. p. 704 (1858); Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 323 (1862); Tgtler, lids, 
18G8, p. 202; Jerd. IUs} 1872, p. 12 ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 326; 
Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 327 ; Biddidph, Str. F ix. p. 314 (1880); 

(>. CUCtrLKJS. 253 

id. Ilk, 1881, p. 50; Scully, t. c. p. 431; id. Str. I. x. p. 103 
(1881); Seebohm, Mist. Brit. B. ii. p. 379 (1884); id. Ibis, 1884, 

p. 30; Marshall, t. c. p. 410. 
Cuculus canoroides, S. Mull. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Land-en Volk. p. 235, 
note (1830-44); Bp. Camp. Av. i. p. 103 (1850) ; Gray, P. Z.8. 
1860, p. 359; Wallace, P. Z. S. 18(53, p. 484; Finsch, Neu-Guinea, 

p. 159 (1865); Gould, B. Australia, p. 614 (1805); Blyth, Ibis, 
1865, p. 31; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 216, no. 9006 (1870); Blyth, 
Cat. B. Burmah, p. 79 (1875); IVardlaiv Bamsay, P. Z. S. 1875, 
p. 600; Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Genov. x. p. 124 (1877), xiii. p. 457 
(1878) ; UAlbertis $ Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. xiv. p. 42 
(1879); Bamsay, Pr. Linn, Soc. N. S. Wales, iv. p. 90 (1879) ; 
/Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 32S (1880), App. op.cit. p. 48 (1888); 
Bias. u. Nehrk. Verh. Gesellsch. Wien, 1882, p. 417; Finsch, Tog. 
der Siidsee, p. 16 (1884) ; Pleshe, Bull. Act. Petersb. xxix. p. 524 
(1884); Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, pp. 565, 624; Blasius, Omis, v. 
p. 806 ; Whitehead, Ibis, 1890, p. 46. 
Ouculus saturatus, Horsf. J. A. S. Beng. xii. p. 942 (1843) ; Blyth, 
J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 18 (1840) : Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 37, 
note (1802). 
Cuculus optatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1845, p. 18; Gray, Gen. B. ii. 

p. 463 (1847); Gould, B. Australia, iv. pi. 48; id. Introd. B. Australia, 
p. 67 (1848); Rchb. Voq. Neuholl. ii. pp. 113, 309 (1851); 
Bp. Consp. At\ i. p. 103 (1850); Cab. § Heme, Mui. Ilein. i\. 
p. 34, note (1802). 
Ouculub canorus indicus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. 1840, p. 19; Stejn. 
Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 29, p. 228 (1885). 
Nicoclarius optatus, Bp. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 6, sp. 108 (1854); Gray, 
Hand-l. B. ii. p.216, no. 9007 (1870). 
Nicoclarius canoroides, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 6, sp. 109 (1854) ; 
Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 216 (1870). 
Cuculus horsfieldi, Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. p. 703 (1858). 
Cuculus fucatus, Peale, TJ.8. Expl. Exped. p. 136, pi. 37.fig. 2 (1848); 

Cab. c$- Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 40, note (1862); Gray, Hand-l. 

B. ii. p. 216, no. 8997 (1870). 
Cuculus tenuirostris (nee Less.), Cass. U.S. Evpl. Fxped. 1858, p. 244, 
pi. 21. fig. 1. 
Cuculus indicus, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 84 (1862); Tact,. 

J.f.O. 1876, p. 200; id. Bull. Soc. Z. France, 1882, p. 395 ; I)yb. 
op. cit. 1883, p. 308; Lorenz, Beitr. Orn. Eaulc. p. 43 (1887). 
Cuculus cantor, III., fide Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 34 (1862). 
Cuculus canorinus, Cab. <§- Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 35 (1802); Gieb. 

Thes. Orn. i. p. 834 (1872) ; Tacsan. J. f. O. 1873, pp. 96,118; 
Salvad, Uce. Borneo, p. 67 (1874) j Swmh. Ibis, 1875, p. 451 ; 
Tacsan. J.f. 0.1875, p. 254 ; Stejn. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 182 
(1883). ' * 

Cuculus swinhoii, Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 37, note (1862). 
Cuculus kelimgensis, Swinh. Ibis, 1803, p. 394; Gray, Hand-l B. 

ii.p. 216,no. 9000(1870). 
Cuculus monosyllabicus, Swinh. Ibis, 1865, p. 545 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. 
ii.p. 216, no. 8998(1870). 
Adult male. Yery similar to G. canorus, but smaller, with the bill 
slightly shorter and stouter. The plumage differs in the upper parts 
being of a deeper and more blue-grey, the breast and under tail-
coverts more "washed with buff, and the bars on the body black, 
broader and more sharply defined than in C. canorus: " bill above 

254 
CTJCTTLID2E. 

blackish, below greenish: gape and mouth inside deep orange; eye


lids bright yellow; irides stone-colour: legs dull yellow, claws 

pale " (J". E. Qripps). Total length 12*8 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 

7-4, tail 6*3, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Differs only in plumage from the male in having 

the base of the throat shaded with buffish rufous, as is the case in 

0. canorus. Total length 11*5 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 7*4, tail 6, 
tarsus 0*7. 
Nestling. General plumage above blackish brown, with narrow 
terminal white margins to the feathers, which margins are broadest 
on the wings and tail; the white nuchal patch so characteristic of 

Q. canorus is indicated by three white feathers ; a few rufous partial 
bars on the wings and tail • chin and throat blackish brown, the 
feathers of the latter with very narrow whitish terminal edges; 
remainder of the under surface of the body blackish brown and 
white in broad bars of even width. Total length 5 inches, 
wing 3*7. 
Young, nearly full-grown. Differs from C. canonts at this stage in 
being much blacker, in generally having no white feathers on the 
nape, and in the greater breadth of the black bars on the throat and 
breast, which are seldom narrower than the white space between 
them. 

Rufous phase. Compared with the rufous phase of C. canorus, it 
is darker, the dark bars being broader and blacker : lower back and 
upper tail-coverts barred with black like the crown ; tail with very 
distinct black bars forming angles at the shafts of the feathers; 
under surface of the body similarly coloured, but much more broadly 
barred with black than in C. canorus. Total length 11*1 inches, 
culmen 0*85, wing 7, tail 6*1, tarsus 0*7. 

Sab. From Siberia and Japan south throughout China and the 
Indian peninsula, through the Malay Archipelago to New Guinea, 
New Britain, and Australia. 

a, $ juv. sk. Jodkpur, Rajpootana. Hume Coll. 

b. S ad* sk. Sulapur, May 18 (J, Scully). Seebohm Coll. 
e, d. J ad. sk. Ruttun Pir Mountain, CashHume 
Coll. 
mere, June 17. 

e. Juv. sk. Kotegurh, April. Hume Coll. 
/. 2 juv. sk. Simla, July (_&. C. Beavan). Tweeddale Coll. 
g. $ imin. sk. Kalsi {G.'F. L. Marshall). Hume Coll. 
h. 
S ad.; i, h. Naini Tal, June. Hume Coll. 
Juv, sk. 
1. 
$ ad. sk. Ftittehgurh Dist, May (A. Seebohm Coll. 
Anderson). 
m. 
$ ad.;«. $ Nepal Valley, July, Sept. (J. Hume Coll. 
juv. sk. Scully). 
o-t. 
Ad.; u-y. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
Juv. sk. 

z, a'. Ad. sk. Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). India Museum. 

(Types of C. saturatus.) 
b'. Ad.; c', d'. Native Sikhim, April, June, Hume Coll. 

e'. Imm, sk. July, Sept. (£. Mandelli). 

6. CTTCtTLUS. 255 
f-k'. Ad. et 
juv. sk. 
l'-s'. Ad. et 
juv. sk. 
t', u'. Ad. sk. 

v'. <S juv. sk. 

w'~z'. cS ad. sk. 

a",b". d ? ad.sk. 
c". ? ad. ak. 
d". $ juv. sk. 

e",f",g". Ad.sk. 

/*". d ad. sk. 
i'\cJ ad.; A". ? 


juv. sk. 
I". Ad. sk. 
m". S ad.; «". 


juv. sk. 
o". Ad. sk. 
#>". Imm. sk, 
q", r". Ad.; s". 


Juv. sk. 
$". Juv. sk. 
u"-iv". Ad. sk. 
x". Ad. sk. 
y" ,z" ,a?. Imm.sk. 

63. Juv. sk. 
c1-^3. Ad. sk. 
h3. Juv. sk. 
P. Ad. sk. 
W, IK Ad. et 
imm. sk. 
m3. Ad. sk. 
n-K Imm. sk. 
o3-w3. Ad. et 


juv. sk. 
x\ ? ad. sk. 


?/3. Ad. sk. 
s3. c5" imm.j aK 
$ ad. sk. 
fr1-^4. Ad. et juv. 
sk. J 

Sikliim, Sept., Nov. (£. 

Mandelli). 

Darjeeling. 

Dollah, Assam, April (J. 
Cockbum). 
Sliillong, Sept. 8 (J. Cockbitrn). 
Dibrugkur, Marcli, April (J. 

JR. Cripps). 
Munipur, April,May (A. 0. II).
Pegu, Oct.
Kanee, Houngtliraw R., Jan.

9 (W. Davison). 

S. Anclamans, Dec, Jan. (JR.
G. W. JR.). 
Port Blair, Feb.
Kondul Island, Nicobars,

Marcli. 
Sumatra (C. Bock).
Java.

Manila, Dec. 
Pelew Islands. 
Menado, N. Celebes. 


Makassar. 
Batchian (A. JR. Wallace). 
Batcliian. 
Morty Island (A. JR. Wallace). 
Flores {A. JR. Wallace). 
Timor. 
Astrolabe Mts., New Guinea. 
Port Essington. 
Cape York {Cockerell $ 


Thorpe). 

Japan. 
Taiwan, Formosa (JR. Swinhoe).
Formosa, April, May {JR.


Swinhoe). 
Takow, Formosa, May 21 (JR.

Hume Ooll. 

Hume Ooll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 
Gates Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

 Tweeddale Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

 Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebolim Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Purchased. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Wallace Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebolim Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 

A. Goldie, Esq. [C.]. 
Seebolim Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Seebolim Coll. 

 Seebolim Coll. 

 Seebomn Coll. 

 Seebohrn Ooll. 

Swinhoe). (Type °f & monosyttabicus.) 
Fokien. Seebolim Ooll. 
Chefoo, May, June (JR. Sioin- Seebolim Coll. 

hoe). 
Amoy, April, May, Oct. (JR. Seebolim Coll 
Swinhoe). 

5. Cuculus poliocephalus. 
Cuculus poliocephalus, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 214 (1790); Gould, Cent. 

B. Himalayas, pi. 54 (1832); Blyth, J- A. S. Beng. xi. p. 904 
(1842) j Gray, Cat. Mamm. 8fc. Nepal pres. Hodgs. p. 119 (1846); 
Blyth, Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 71 (1849); Horsf. § Moore, Cat. 
B. Mus. JE.I. Co. ii. p. 704 (1856-58); Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. 
iv. p. 38, note (1862); Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 324 (1862) ; Schl. Mm. 
Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 12 (1864); Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 13; Gray, 
256 
CTJCTTLIDiE. 

Hand-l. B. ii. p. 215, no. 8990; Hume, Nests b Fggs Ind. B. p. 135 
(1873); Milne-Edw. £ Grand. Hist. Madacj. Ois., Atlas, i. pi. 06 
(1870); Fau-bank, Str. F. iv. p. 255 (1870); David # Owrf. O/s. 
Cftww, p. 06 (1877) ; Davidson # Wenden, Str. F. vii. p. 78 (1878); 
-H«we, titr. F. viii. p. 88 (1879) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 394; I>f/^, 
Z*. Ceylon, p. 231 (1880); Tidal, Str. F. ix. p. 54 (1880); Butler, 

t. c. p. 388-jDavison, Str. F. x. p. 299 (1881; ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, 
p. 394 ; Oafes, Ibis, 1889, p. 3,57 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 11. 
(Jucnlus himalayanus vel bkarovus, Hodgs. Zool. Misc. p. 85 (1831;. 
Ouculus canorus (nee Linn.), Desjard. P. Z. S. 1832, p. Ill -Marti, 
Ann. $Mag. Nat. Hist. ii. p. 391 (1848); id. J. f. O.18G0, p. 110; 
Vinson^Toy. Madag. p. 88 ^1805) ; Terr. Ann. B., Vog. Madag. 
Tinson, p. 3 (1805;. 

Le Pigeon rainier gris et verdatre, Sganzin, Mem. Soc. Mus. Hist. 

Nat Strasbourg, 1840, p. 40. 
Hierococcyx poliocephalus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 104 (1850). 
Cuculus bartlettii, Layard, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. 2nd ser. xiii. 

p. 452 (1854). m 
Nicoclarius tenuirostris (nee Less.), Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyqod. p. 0 
(1854). 
Cuculus rocliii, Hartl. P. Z. S. 1802, p. 224; Roch § Newton, Ibis, 
1803, p. 100; B. Newton, t c. p. 453; Poll. Ned. Tijdsch. v. d. 
Dierh p. 300 (1803); Schl P. Z. S. 1800, p. 424: Schl $ Poll. 
Faun. Madag. ii. Ois. p. 53 (1808) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 2h\ 
no. 8992 ; Sha?ye, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 399, 1873, p. 582; Hartl. Tog. 
Madag. p. 253 (1877); Bartlett, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 771. 

Cuculus clamosus (nee Lath.), Coquerel, Bull. Soc. Aecl. Reunion, ii. 

p. 10 (1864). 
Cuculus tarnsuicus, Swinh. Ibis, 1805, p. 108. 
Cuculus hiraalayanus (nee Tig.), Grand. Per. et Mag. Zool. 1807, 
p. 418; Poll. Faun. Madag', Pelat. Toy. i. p. 198 (1877). 
Cuculus sp. inc., Blakisto?ify Pryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 227. 
Cuculus poliocephalus, var. rocliii, Milne-Edtc. § Grand. Hist. Madag.. 
Ois. i. p. 176 (1879). 
Cuculus leptodetus (nee Cab.), Dubois, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Belg. 

iv. p. 147 (1880). 
Cuculus stormsi, 
Dubois, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Belg. v. p. 3, pi. 2 
(1887). 

Adult male. Yery similar in plumage to G. ccmorus, but with the 
upper parts darker and with the bars on the breast rather broader 
and blacker. Total length 10 inches, culmen 0-75, wing 0*4, tail 5't>} 
tarsus 0*6. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male, only with a slight 
rufous-buff shade at the base of the grey neck. Total length 9*4 
inches, culmen 0*7, wing 5*8, tail 5, tarsus 0*6. 

Rufous plumage. Yery similar to that of G. canorus, but generally 
darker. Upper half of the head, back of the neck, lower back, and 
upper tail-coverts uniform rufous, as in G. canorus, or more rarely 
with dark bars, as in G. intermedins. TJnderparts whitish, with 
broad black bars, and washed with rufous on the throat, most strongly 
so on the sides. " Legs, feet, eyelids, and base of lower mandible 
lemon-yellow; bill blackish brown, lower mandible brownish yellow; 
gape orange-red; claws pale " (E. A. Butler). 

Nestling. Similar to that of O. intermedws. 

6 . CXrCTTLTTS. 257 
Hal. Japan and N. China, ranging south through India to Ceylon; 
Malay Peninsula to Java and Borneo ; also common in Madagascar 
and occurring more rarely in Africa south of about G° N. lat. 

«, b. Ad. sk. Cashmere. Hume Coll. 

c. Imm. sk. Murree. Colonel Way [P.]. 
d. $ ad. sk. Nagkunda, June 17. Hume Coll. 
e. Pull. sk. Kumaon. Hume Coll. 
/. <$ ad. sk. Futtekgurh District, May 29 Seebohm Coll. 
(A. Anderson). 
g. Ad. sk. Oudh. Pinwill Coll. 
h, ?. Ad.; k-p. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
Juv. bk. 
q, r, s. Ad.; t, Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). India Museum. 


u. Juv. sk. 
v, w, x\ Ad. j y-Native Sikhim, May to Aug. Hume Coll. 
d'. Imm. sk. {L. Mandelli). 
«'-#. Ad.; V-v'. Sikhim, April, June, Sept., Oct. Hume Coll. 
Imm. sk. (X. Mandelli). 
w'. Ad.; x'-a". Darjiling. Hume Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
&V",<r.Ad.;e" Darjiling. Tweeddale Coll. 
-A". Imm. sk. 
i",k". Ad.; J". Assam, May (A, W. C/iennell). Tweeddale Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
m", n". tf $ ad. sk. Shillong, July, Se$t(J.Cockburn), Hume Coll. 
o". cJ juv. sk. Dibrughur, Aug. 21 (/. JR. Hume Coll. 


Cripps). 
p", q". Juv. sk. Dhulia, Khandeish, Sept., Oct. Hume Coll. 


(J. JDavidson). 
r". $ imm. sk. Ratnaoriri, S. Konkart, Nov. 5 Hume Coll. 
(G. y%dal). 
s". $ imm. sk. Belgaum, Oct. (JE. A. Butler). Hume Coll. 
t". <$ ad. sk. Oannanore, Sept. 7 (JR. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. JR.). 
u". S ad. sk. Madras. Hume Coll. 
uv

v". 5 j -s ^ -Colombo, Ceylon, Dec. Hume Coll. 
w", cc". Juv. sk. Ceylon (R. Nevill). Tweeddale Coll. 
y",*". <y ad ; W. Java {A. JR. Wallace). 


a3. Imm. sk. 

b3. Imm. sk. China. Seebohm Coll. 
c3. Ad. sk. Ickang, W. China. Mr. Pratt [C.]. 
d\ e3 Ad. sk. Amoy, China, May (M. Swin-Seebohm Coll. 



hoe). 

/ 3 . c? ad.;/ . Yokohama, Japan. Seebohm Coll. 

Juv. sk. 
ft?. Juv. sk. Fantee, W. Africa (Aubinn). Sharpe Coll. 
i3. Juv. sk. Durban (Gordge). Shelley Coll. 
Jcd. Juv. sk. Lamu (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 

Z3 3 

, m. Ad.; w3, Madagascar. Seebohm Coll. 
o3. Juv. sk. 


d3 3

p, q, r. Ad. sk. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. J. Shaw [C.]. 
s3. Ad.; t% u\ Betsileo. Rev. Deans Cowan 

Juv. sk. [0.1. 
a3. Ad. sk. N.E. Madagascar. F. Pollen [C.]. 
w*. Bones of trunk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll 

VOL. xix. s 

258 
CTJCUXID^E. 

6. Cuculus solitarius. 
Le Coucou solitaire, Levaill. Ois. 6! Afr. v. p. So, pi. 206 (180(5). 
Cuculus solitarius, Steph, Gen. Zool. ix. p. 84, pi. IS (1815); TiellL 
Fine. Meth. p. 1336 (1823) ; Gurney, Ibis, 1800, p. 213; Layard, 

B. 8. Afr. p. 248 (18(37) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 582; Ayres, 
Ibis, 1876, p. 433; Shelley, P. Z. & 1883, p. 309; Sharpe, ed. 
Bayard's B. 8. Afr. pp. 149, 809 (1875-84); id. Jour. Linn. 8oc, 
Zool. xvii. p. 432; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 18b8, p. 214. 
Cuculus 
rubeculus, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 181 (1837); Fraser, 
P Z. 8. 1843, p. 52 ; Hart. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 190 (1857); id. J.f.O. 
1861, p. 205; Cab. §• Heine, Mns. Hein. iv. p. 40 (1802); Mont. 

P. Z. S. 1865, p. 92 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1S70, p 485 ; Gray, Hand-l B. 
ii. p. 215, no. 8991 (1870); Beichen. J.f O. 1877, p. 16. 
Cuculus capensis (nee Mull), Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 403 (1847); Bp. 
Consp. Av. i. p. 102 (1850); Grill, Zool. Antechn. p. 41 (1858) ; 
Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 42 (pt, 1802) ; SeM. Mus. Pays-
Bos, Cuculi, p. 11 (1864); Antin. Cat. deser. Ucc. p. 83 (1865) ; 
Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 215, no. 8987 (1870); Ileugl. Orn. N.O.-
Afr. p. 783 (1871); Boeage, Orn. Angola, p. 140 (1877). 

Surniculus rubiculas, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 105 (1850). 

Cuculus heuglini, 
Cab. |- Heme, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 32 (1862); Gray, 
Hand-l. B. ii. p. 215, no. 8995 (1870) ; Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 
1884, p. 367; id. J. f O. 1885, p. 124; Beichen. J. f O. 1887, 

p. 58. 
Adult. Above uniform slaty blue, with a slight green gloss on 
the wings and tail; centre tail-feathers with about four white shaft-
spots, the others with larger white shaft-spots and seven or eight 
white angular notches on their inner webs, occasionally forming a 
subterminal bar on the outer feathers : sides of the head and upper 
throat grey, slightly paler than the crown; remainder of the throat 
uniform bright rufous ; the rest of the underparts rufous-buff, regularly 
barred with black, except on the lower abdomen and under 
tail-coverts, the latter having only a few irregular broad black 
bands; under wing-coverts like the breast: under surface of the 
quills brown, partially barred with white, and with a large white 
patch at the base of the inner primaries ; bill black, yellowish at the 
base of the lower mandible and along the edges of the upper one; 
legs deep yellow; iris reddish hazel. Total length 11*7 inches, 
culmen 0*85, wing 6'Q, tail 5*3, tarsus 0-8. 

Immature birds differ greatly. One has the upper parts slaty 
black, with narrow white edges to the feathers and a white patch on 
the nape; sides of the head black ; throat and front of the breast 
black mottled with buff and rufous and with very narrow white 
edges to the feathers; remainder of the plumage as in the adult. 

Another specimen from Pantee is brown above, with some rufous 
markings on the wings and upper tail-coverts; sides of the head 
mottled with buff or white ; underparts whitish, shaded with buff 
on the lower throat, abdomen, and under tail-coverts, and nearly 
uniformly barred with black throughout. 

Hob. Nearly the whole of the Ethiopian Region. 

6. cucxJLcrs 259 
a. Ad. sk. South Africa. Purchased. 
b-e. Ad. sk.
/ , g. Ad. sk. 
South Africa {Layard). 
South Africa. % 
Sharpe Coll. 
Seebohm (Joll. 
h. Iuim. st.
i, k. Ad. sk.
I, m. Ad. &k.
n,o. S ad. sk.
p. Ad. sk.
q. Ad. sk.
r. Ad.sk.
s. cS ad. sk.
t. Imm. sk.
u, v, w. Ad. bk.
.v, y, z. Ad. sk.
a'. (S ad. sk.
V. Ad. sk.
c'. Ad. bk.
d', e'. Imm. sk.
/' . Ad. sk.
g'-l\ Ad. et 
Cape Colony. 
Capo Colony. 
Cape Town (Butter). 
Knyjsiia, Dec. 12 (C. J.
Andersson). 
Fort Beaufort. 
Kingwilliamstown. 
Durban, Natal, Oct. (T.
Ayres). 
Newcastle, Sept. {£. A,
Butler), 
Benguela. 
Landana, Congo (Dr. Lit-
can), 
Mamboio (Sir J. Kirk). 
Lado, Equatorial Africa(Emin Pasha). 
Semmio, Niam-NianiCountry, Sept. 
Cape Coast Oasfcle. 
Gold Coast (Aubinn). 
Accra (Haynes). 
Fantee. 
Geiieralllardwickofr.]. 
¥. Thackeray, Esq. [P.]. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Major Trevelyan [P.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Monteiro Coll.A 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
F. Bohndorff [C.]. 
L. Fraser [0.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
imm. sk. 

7. CTICUIUS galbonensis. 
Cuculus gabonensis, Lafr. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1863, p. CO; J&artl 

J. f. 0. 1854, p. 202; X $ K Verr. Rev. etMag. Zool. 1855, 
p. 177; Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 189 (1857) ; Cass. Proc. Philad. 
Ac. 1859, p. 142; Hartl. J. f. 0.1861, p. 265 ; DuChailh, Eq. Afr. 
p. 473 (1861); Cab. <$• Heine, Mm. JSein^ iv. p. 42, note (1862) ; 
Sharpefy Bouvier, Bull. Soe. Zool. France, iii. p. < 8 (1878); Sharpe, 
P. Z. S. 1878, p. 584; Reichen. J.f. 0. 1877, p. 16; Oust. N. Arch. 
Mus. (2) ii. p. 126 (1879). 
Adult. Above glossy blue-black; centre tail-feathers uniform 
blue-black tipped with white, the outer feathers having a few white 
shaft-spots and the same number of white notches on their inner 
margins; sides of the head grey; chin and entire throat deep 
chestnut; breast buff, with broad jet-black bands and sometimes 
with a broader black band across the abdomen between the thighs; 
under tail-coverts uniform buff, or occasionally with a few broad 
black partial bars; under wing-coverts buffy white, boldly barred 
or mottled with black; quills dark brown, with some partial bars of 
white and a uniform white centre to the wing at the base of the 
quills: bill black, legs yellow. Total length 12*6 inches, culmen 
0*9, wing 6-5, tail 6-4, tarsus 0*7. 

Hab. West Africa from Gaboon to the Congo. 

a. Ad. sk. Gaboon. 
Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Ogowe* River. Ii. T. Ansell, Esq. [P.], 
c. d. 
<$ ad. sk Landana, Congo, Aug. Shelley Coll. 
s 2 
260 
OTCULTDiE, 

8. Cuculus clamosns. 
(Juculus clamosus, 
Lath. Intl. Orn. ii. SuppL p. xxx (1801); Steph. 
Gen. Zool. ix. p. 108 (1815); Cuv. Hegne An. i. p. 425, note (1817); 
Vwill. JEJnc. Meth. p. 1331 (1823): Iks Murs in Lefebvre, Toy. 
Abyss., Zool. p. 137 (1817); IlartL J. f 0. 1854, p. 410; Cab. <§• 
Heine, Mm. Hem. iv. p. 43 (pi, 1862); Schl. 31us. Pays-Bas, 
Ouculi, p. 16 (18G4); Zw/a/Y7, i>\ 8. Afr. p. 240 (1807) ; 6%wi. 
2V«y. & ^t/>-. ii. p. 408 (1868): Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 215, 
110.8994(1870); Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. pp. 784, clxiii (1871); 
Gurnet/ in Awlerss. B. Damara L. p. 226 (1872) ; JSalvad. Ann. 
Mus. Civ. Geii.1873, p. 411; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 587; Buckley, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 307 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. pp. 150, 809 
(1875-84); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 141 (1877); Beichen. 

J. f. 0. 1877; p. 16; 8harpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xvii. p. 432 
(1884); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1884, p. 94; Shelley, P. Z. S. 
1888, p. 42. 
Le Coucou criard, LevailL Ois. d'Afr. v. p. 28, pis. 204, 205 (1806); 
Sundev. Krit. om Levaill. p. 47 (1858). 
Cuculus nigricans, Swains. Zool. III. 2nd ser. i. pi. 7 (1829); id. B. 

W. Afr. ii. p. 180 (1837); Hartl. J. f. O. 1854, p. 203 ; id. Orn. 
W. Afr. p. 190 (1857) ; Gurney, Ibis','1859, p. 246 ; Hartl. J. f. O. 
1861, p. 265; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 44, note (1862); 
Cab. J.f. 0.1878, p. 237 ; Fischer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 367 ; 
id. J. f. O. 1885, p. 124; Hartert, J. f. O. 1886, p. 597 ; Reichen. 
J.f. '0.1887, p. 58. 
Surniculus nigricans, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 105 (1850). 
Cuculus chalybeus, Heugl. J.f O. 1862, p. 34. 
Coccystes nigricans, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 220, no. 9067 (1870). 
Coccystes serratus (nee Sparrm,), Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 13 (pi, 
1871); id. Ibis, 1872, p. 68. 
Oxylophus serratus, Gumey in Anderss. B. Damara L. p. 226 (1872). 

Adult Black with, a deep greenish-blue gloss ; quills brown; tail 
narrowly tipped with white; under surface duller black inclining 
to brown; under tail-coverts with pale ends; under wing-coverts 
black ; quills brown, with confused white bars on their inner webs : 
bill black; legs yellow with the claws black; irides dark brown. 
Total length 12-2 inches, culmen 0-9, wing 6*7, tail 6-3, tarsus 0*75. 

Immature (Tomaja). This specimen differs in the entire throat and 
crop being whitish brown, shaded with rufous and regularly barred 
with black; remainder of the underparts, including the under 
wing-coverts, white evenly barred with black. Total length 12"1 
inches, wing 6-5, tail 6*3. 

A specimen from Semrnio differs from the last in having the 
throat almost uniform dusky grey, the sides of the breast smudged 
with dusky grey, and the under wing-coverts white, mottled irregularly 
with the same dusky shade. Total length 12*6 inches, wing 
6-8, tail 6-2. 

Hob. Tropical Africa generally, excepting Abyssinia and Sene


gambia. 
a. cf ad.; b, c. $ South Africa. Seebohni Coll. 
juv. sk. 
d. Juv. sk. Cape Colony. Sharpe Coll. 
e. tf ad. sk. Eland's Post (T. C. Atmore). Sharpe Coll. 

6 . CTTCTJIUS. 
2(51 
/ . c? ad. sk. Katberg (T. C. Atmore). Sliarpe Coll. 

g. Ad. sk. Kingwilliamstown. Major Trevelyan [P.J. 
h, %, k. Ad. sk. Natal {Ayres). Sliarpe Coll. 
l-o. Ad. et imm. Durban. Shelley Coll. 
p. Ad. sk Newcastle (Peid). Shelley Coll 
q. <$ ad. sk. Bamangwato, Nov, (T. B. Shelley Coll. 
Buckley). 
r. Ad. sk. Zambesi. 
Dr. Bradshaw [C], 
s, t. $ imm. sk. Elephant Vley, Oct. 19 (C. J. Sharpe Coll. 
Andersson). 

u. tf juv. sk. Tornaja, Equatorial Africa, Emin Pasha [P.]. 
August. 
v. tf juv. sk. Semmio, Niam-Niam Country, F. BolmdorfT [P.]. 
March. 
to. Ad. sk. Denkera, Gold Coast (H. T. Sharpe Coll. 
Ussher). 

x. Ad. sk. Elmina {H. F. Blissett). Sharpe Coll. 
y. 
Ad. sk. Amanioo, May (H. F. Bits- Sharpe Coll, 
sett). 
9. Cuculus pallidus. 
Columba pallida, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. ii. p. 270 (1801). 

Cuculus variegatub, Tieill. N. Diet. viii. p. 2:24 (1817) j id. Fnc, 
Meth. p. 1330 (1823); Pucker. Rev. et Mag. Zool 1852, p. 555. 
Cuculus cinereus, Vieill N. Diet. viii. p. 224 (1817); id. Fnc. Mith. 


p. 1331 (1823); Pucker. Pev. et Mag. Zool. 1852, p. 556. 
Cuculus inornatus, Vig. <§• llorsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 297 (1826); 
Gould, B. Austr. iv.' pi. 85 (i846) ; Peichb. Vog. Neuholl. ii. p. 115 
(1849). 

Cuculus albostrigatus, Vig.fyHorsf.Trans. Linn. Soc. xv.p. 298(1826). 
Cuculus poliogaster, 8. Mull. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Land-en Volk. 

p. 236, note (1839-44); Cab. 8f Seine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 39, note 
(1862); Finsch, New-Guinea, p. 159 (1865) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii, 
p. 216, no. 9011 (1870). 
Cacomantis inornatus, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 163 (1850). 
Nicolarius poliogaster, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 6 (1854). 
Cacomantis cinereus, Bp. Co?isp. Vol Zygod. p. 6 (1854). 
Heteroscenes pallidus, Cab. <$• Heine, Mus. Rein. iv. p. 26 (1862). 
Ileteroscenes occidentalis, Cab. &* Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 27, note 
(1862). 
Cuculus pallidus, ScM. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cueuli, p. 26 (1864); Gray, 
Hand-l. B. ii. p. 216, no. 9013 (1870). 
Cacomantis pallidus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. p. 615 (1865); Walden, 
Trans. Z. 8. viii. p. 54 (1872); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1878, 

p. 457 j id. Orn. Papuasia,i. p. 331 (1880). 
Adult. Above ashy brown with a faint greenish gloss; a white 
patch of feathers on the nape, the wing-feathers mostly with narrow 
whitish edges; a white patch on the pinion-joints; lateral tail-
coverts with partial white margins; tail-feathers tipped and notched 
on both webs with white approaching the form of bars : beneath 
uniform stone-colour, fading into white on the abdomen and under 
tail-coverts, the latter crossed by dusky bars ; the lower breast, 
especially the thigh-coverts, showing traces of obsolete dusky bars ; 
under wing-coverts whiter than the breast, freckled with dusky and 

262 
CrCTXIDJE. 

shading into the same colour as the breast towards the quills ; quills 
"barred on their inner webs with white: iris brown ; bill blackish ; 
legs brown. Total length 12 inches, oilmen 0*95, wing 7-7, tail 6-8, 
tarsus 0*8. 

Immatvre. Upper parts, especially the back of the neck, mottled 
with rufous ; sides of the head striped with buff and dark brown; 
nnderparts occasionally, but rarely, more or less barred. 

Nestling. Porehead and front of crown dark brown; remainder 

of the upper part^ buff and whites boldly mottled with dirk brown ; 

ramp and upper tail-coverts more regularly marked with dark brown 

centres to the feathers: quills and tail-feather^ brown, with pale 

tip5; and partial bars ; sides of the head and the throat dark brown, 

partially mottled with buff and white; remainder of the underpartb 

much whiter, with somewhat regular patches of brown; under 

wing-coverts buff; under surface of the quills brown, partially 

barred with white. Total length b inches, wing 4*6. 

Hah. Probably confined to Australia ; but possibly ranging into 

the Aiistro-llala} an biibregion. as the type of Cuivhis jjoliogaster^ 

S. Mull., in the Lejdcn Museum, is labelled "Teraate (Porsten)." 
a. 6 ad.; h. 2 Tasmania. 
Antarctic Expedition. 
imm. >k. 
e, d. 6 ad. ?k. Tasmania. C. G. H. Llovd, Ebq. 

ej, g. Ad. 4c. Melb< mine. 
Goulrf Coll. 

h. Ad. sk. Ad^laid*'. Seebohm Coil. 
i, A*. Imm. *k. S. Australia {J. Gmild). Sir G. Grey rP.~. 
/, 
m. Ad.; n. New South W:ile\ Seebohm Coll. 
Imm. sk. 


o. Ad. sk. Sydney. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
p-ic. 
Ad. et imm. Queensland, 
sk. 

Tweedclale Coll. 

x. Ad. <lc. X.W. Australia [W. m 
Boicyer Bower), Capt. Buwyer Bower 

y. Pull. sk. Near Salt .River, W. Australia, 
Oct. 17. J. feouia, Esq. [C.J. 

z. 2 ad. sk. Near Fremantle, W. Au 4ralla? 
July '21K J. Gould, E«q. [C.]. 

a'. (J ad. fk, Australia, May 28. Sir T. Mitchell [P.]. 

!/. Ad. ,-k. Australia. 
Lady Canington [P.]. 

c% d. Imm. et pull Australia. 
Seebohm Coll. 

sk. 

e(. Ad. sk. Australia. 
Linnean Soe. (Type of 

C, in&rnatus.) 
/' . JUT. sk. Australia. Linnean Soc. (Type of 

Q. atbogtrigatus.) 
g\ Skull. New South Wales. 
ID. CECHIHS sonaerati. 

Le petit Coucou des Indes, Bonn. Voy. Ind, ii. p. 211 (1782). 
Cuculus sonnerati, Lath. Lid. Orn. i. p. 215 (1790) ; Sieph. Gen. ZooL 


ix. p. Ill (1515k VieilL Enc. Mitk, p. 1334 (1828) ; BIyih, J. A. 
8. Beng. xi. p. 000 (IBM), xiv. p. 204 (1845); Gray, Gen. B. ii. 
p. 464 (1847); Layard, Ann. % Mag. Nat Mist. xiii. 2nd ser. 
6 . CTTCTrLTTS. 263 
p. 452 (1854); Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 325 (1802) ; Schl. Mvs. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 23 (pt., 1804); Gray, Iland-l. B. ii. p. 218, no, 0032 
(1879); Holdsxoorth, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 430; Walden, Trans. Z. 8. 
viii. p. 55 (1872); Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 15 ; Hume, Str. F. ii. p. 472 
(1874); Legge, Ibis, 1875, p. 284; Fairbanh, Str. F. iv. p. 255 
(1876); Hume, Str. F. vi. p. 150 (1878); Ball, Str. F. vii. p. 207 
(1878); Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 88 (1879); Legge, B. Ceylon, i. 
p. 233 (1880); Butler, Str. F. ix. pp. 54,388 (1880); Davison, t c. 
p. 359; Gates, Handb. B. Brit Burmah,il p. 107 (1883) ; Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1888, p. 198; Everett, P. Z. S.1889, p. 220; Whitehead. Ibis, 
1890, p. 4G. 
Cuculus pravata, Horsf. Trans. Linn. 8oc. xiii. p. 179 (1822) ; Strield. 

J. A. S. Bene). 1844, p. 399, note; Walden, Trans. Z. S. viii. p. 55 
(1872); Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 53 (1879). 
Cuculus rufovittatus, Drap. Diet. Class. aVHist. Nat. iv. p. 568 
(1823); id. Diet. Class. Sc. Nat. iii. p. 143 (1838). 
Cuculus himalayanus (nee Vig.), Jerd. Madr. Journ. xi. p. 220(1840). 
Cuculus faseiolatus, 8. M'dllVerh. Nat. Gesch. Land-en Volkv. 177* 

note (1839-44). 
Cuculus venustus, Jerd. Madr. Journ. xiii. p. 140 (1842). 
Oacomantis faseiolatus, Bp. Gonsp. Av. i. p. 104 (1850). 
Polypkasia sonnerati, Horsf. §• Moore, Cat. B. Mas. F. L Co. ii. 

p. 699 (1856-58). 
Penthoceryx sonnerati, Cab. fy Heine, Mm. Hem. iv. p. 16 (1862) ; 
Walden, Ibis, 1872, p. 367; A. Midi. J.f.O. 1882, p. 104. 
Penthoceryx pravatus, Walden, Ibis, 187*2, p. 367; Salvad. Uec. di 
Borneo, p. 63 (1874); id. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiv. p. 185 (1879) ; 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 244; Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, p. 54; Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1890, p. 10. 

Oacomantis sonnerati, Walden, Trans. Z. 8. viii. p. 55 (1872). 
Ololygon tenuirostris, Hume, Str. F. ii. p. 472 (1874), iii. p. 80 (1875), 
Oacomantis pravatus, Buttih. Notes Leyden Mus. 1886, p. 27. 

Adult. Above alternately barred with rufous and dusky bronze, 
with a slight olive gloss; forehead more or less spotted with white; 
a white patch on the carpal joint faintly barred with dusky; tail 
with rufous-shaded white ends; centre feathers blackish, with a 
number of rufous notches on both webs; remaining feathers bright 
rufous, with a broad subterminal dark bar and a variable number of 
other bands; sides of the head and underparts white, evenly marked 
with narrow wavy bars of blackish brown, the lower breast and 
under tail-coverts slightly tinted with rufous; under wing-coverts 
pale rufous buff, barred like the breast; under surface of the quills 
dark brown, with a large basal portion of their inner webs rufous 
buff, more or less barred with dark brown ; bill black, with base of 
lower mandible grey; legs greenish grey. Total length 9*2 inches, 
culmen 0*75, wing 4*8, tail 4*8, tarsus 0*7. 

Immature. Above rufous; the upper back, scapulars, and wing-
coverts barred with olive-shaded black; a band of this colour runs 
down the centres of some of the tail-feathers, and most of these 
feathers have bold black spots near their ends and occasionally white 
tips ; sides of the head and sides of the neck rufous like the crown; 
remainder of the underparts white, with the blackish bars on the 
throat and chest broader than in the adult. 

264 
CCrCTTLID-aE. 

Eab. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, ranging throughout the 
Burmese Provinces and Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra, Java, 
Borneo, and Timor, 

a, b. <$ ad.; c. Ceylon, April {H. Nevill and 8. Tweeddale Coll. 

Juv. sk. Chapman), 
d, e,f. Ad. sk. Ceylon. ' Purchased. 
<7, h. r? 2 ad. sk. Friars Hood District, Ceylon, Oct., Colonel Leggre 

March. 
[PA 

i. 
<$ ad. sk. Coonoor, Nilghiris, April 3. W. Davison, Esq. 
[P.]. 
h. 9 ad. sk. BurHar, Coonoor Ghat, April Tweeddale Coll, 
(R. G. W. R.). 
1. S ad. sk. Wynaad, Sept. 22 (J. Barling). Hume Coll. 
m. <$ ad. sk. Cannanore, Sept. 9 (R. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. It.). 
n~q. Ad. sk. Malabar. Seebohm Coll. 
r. 9 ad. sk. Vingorla, S. Konkan, Feb. 21 Hume Coll. 
(G. Tidal), 
s. Ad. sk. Matheran, April 6. Hume Coll. 
t, u. Ad. sk. Khandeish. Tweeddale Coll. 
v. $ ad. sk. Baipur,Central Provinces, July 20. Hume Coll. 
w. Ad. sk. Maimbhoom, April (R. " 0. Tweeddale Coll. 
x, y. Ad. sk. Masmi. 
Hume Coll. 

z. Ad. sk. Kumaon. Hume Coll. 
a', V. Ad. sk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
c'. Ad. sk. Sikhim, April (L. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 
d'. Ad. sk. Darjeeling. Hume Coll. 
e'~m'. Ad. etiuv. Bhutan Doars, Jan. to March Hume Coll. 
sk. J (L. Mandelli). 
n\ Ad. sk. Khasia Hills (A. W. Chennell). Tweeddale Coll. 
o'. Ad. sk. Tonghoo. Seebohm Coll. 
p'. $ ad. sk. Thayetmyo,Sept. {R. G. W.R). Tweeddale Coll. 
q'. Ad. sk. Tenasserim. J. C. D. Packman, 

Esq. [P.J. 
r'. 5 ad sk. Klang, Salangore, March 29 Hume Coll. 

( W. Davison). 
s', t'. Imm. sk. Malacca (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
u', v'. Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
w'-d". Ad. sk. Malacca, Jan., July ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
e". Ad. sk. Kuroo, Malacca, Oct. 81 (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 

Johore, Feb., Aug., Sept, (W. Hume Coll. 

i", 7c". $ ad.sk. Davison). 
l",m",n". Ad.sk. Sumatra (Carl Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
o". ? ad. sk. Sumatra. Wallace Coll. 
p". Ad. sk. Java (Horafield). India Museum. 

(Type of Cuculus prccvcttus.) 
#". c? ad sk. Java. * Seebohm Coll. 
r". d ad.; s". $ East Java (A. R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 

juv. sk. 
$", w", »". Ad. sk. Sarawak, Aug. (A. H. Everett). Seebohm Coll. 
«?". <$ ad. sk. Sarawak (A. R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
*r". $ ad. sk. Busan (A. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
y". 5 imm. sk. Sabu (A. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
s". Ad. sk. Tagora (II. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 

7 . CEKCOCOCOIX.—8. CACOMANTIS. 20 5 
<a3. Ad. sk. Lumbidan. Governor Ussher 
b3 , c3. Ad. sk. Labuan.
[0-3Sir 
Hugh Low[0.]. 
d\ Imni. sk. Timor. Tweeddale Coll. 

7. CERCOCOCCYX. 
Type. 
Cercococcyx, Cab, J.f. 0. 1882, p. 230 C. mechowi. 

1. Cercococcyx mechowi 
Cercococcyx mecbowi, Cab, J. f. 0. 1882, p. 230. 
Above brownish grey, with a greenish gloss on the back of the 
neck and mantle; greater wing-coverts and quills with the outer 
webs reddish brown, the inner webs blotched with white. Beneath 
whitish, washed with yellowish on the breast, and with black bars. 
Total length 13 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 5'55, tail 8*25. 
Rah. Angola. 

This species is only known to me by the description, from which> 
it appears to resemble very closely the young of Cuculus solitarkis. 

8. 
CACOMAHTIS. 
Type. 
Oacomantis, 8. Mull. VerJi. Nat. Gesch. Land-en Volkenh. 
Bezitt. p. 177 (1842) 0. memlinus. 
Polyphasia, Myth, J. A. S. Beng. xii. p. 244 (1843).. ? 
Gymnopus, Blyth, Ann. §• Mag. Nat. Hist. 1843, p. 94 0. passermus. 
Ololygon, Cab. §* Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 20, note 
(1862) C. passermus. 
Range. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, eastward to China and the 
Philippine Islands, south through the Burmese provinces, the Malay 
Peninsula, the whole of the Malayan Archipelago to Australia, New 
Caledonia, New Hebrides, and the Piji Islands. 

Key to the SjpeGies. 

a. With no bars on the breast. [Adults.'] 
a'. With a shade of rufous on the breast and 
under tail-coverts. 
a''. Upper parts paler and greyer. 
a"1. Larger: wing about 5-5. Breast ru


fescent, darker than abdomen, which 

is generally freckled Jhibelliformis, p. 266. 
b'". Smaller: wing about 4*5. Breast and 
under tail-coverts uniform rufous 
buff mendmtis, p. 208. 

b". 
Upper parts darker. 
c'". Upper parts brown; breast buff. 
aK Breast paler; under tail-coverts buff, variolosus, p. 272, 

266 
CTJCULIB^. 

¥. Breast darker, partially vrashed with 
rufous ; under tail-coverts rufous . . msperatug, p. 27-3. 
cT". Upper parts deep slaty blue; breast 
and under tail-coverfc chestnut. 

cl. Smaller: wing about 4*3. 
a'. Upper parts glossed with green: 
chin and upper throat pale g-rey; 
breast duller rufous.. * . vire&eens, p. 274. 

b\ Upper parts deep blue-grey, barely 
glossed with green on the wings 
only; <rrey confined to chin ; 
breast brighter rufous castaneiventris, p. 274. 

(?\ Larger: wing not les- than 5 inches. 
c". Bill longer and narrower bronzinutt, p. 275. 
cF. Bill shorter and broader ........ mm^y p. 27G. 

//. "With no shade of rufous on breast or under 

tail-coverts. 
c". General plumage black infuscatiis, p. 270. 
d". General plumage grey : under tail-

coverts white 
passeriniiSf p. 277. 

b. With bars on the bn-a-t. ~ Ymmg.^ 
e. Upper parts uniform black infmeatm jur.7 p. 270. 
d'. Crown, rump, and tail nearly uniform 
rufoiib 
passerinvs juv., p. 277. 
J Youn£of*

e. All the upper parts Wrongly barred . namin g 
1 r L

 K * I species. 

1. Cacomantis flabelliformis. 
Fan-tailed Cuckow. Lath. Suppl. ii. p. 138, pi. 120. 

Cuculus 
ilabelliformK Lath. Iml Orn. Suppl ii. p. 30 (1801); 
Steph. Gen. ZooL ix. p. 9I> (lbl5>: VieitL X. D. viii. p. 233 
11817); id. Etie. JL'th. p. 1335 (1^3); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 403 
i 1847); Sehl Mux. Bat/fi-Bas, Cuculi, p. 20 (1864): Gray. Hand-L 

B. ii. p. 217, no. 9020 |Wi9). 
Cuculus rufulus, Yieill X I), liii. p. 234 (1817); id. JSnc. Meth. 
p. 1333 11823): Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 41 >3 (1847); Pitcher. Rev. et 
Mag. ZooL 16,32, p. 5(50; HartL J.f. 0.1855, p. 422. 
Cuculus pvrrhophaiius, Yieill. X. D.\TiL p. 234 (1817); id. JSnc. 
MM. p." 1335 (1823); Pitcher. Rev. et Maq. ZooL 1852, p. 600 * 
HartL Jf O. 1*.*>, p. 421. 

Cucnlus. prionulus, iL MS Licht. Verz. Douhl. p. 9 (1821). 

Cuculus cineracetis, 
Jig. fy Ilorsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 208 (1820); 
Janl 1? Selby, III. Orn. v. p. 07 (c. 1830) ; Blyth, J. A. S. Ben//. 
1*43, p. 242; titrickl. J. A. S. Beng. 1344, p. 393, note; Gould, 

B. Austr. iv. p. 80 (1848) ; Rchb. Yog. XeuholL ii. p. 113 : Rosenb. 
Reis naar ZuidoostereiL p. 49 (1867). 
Cuculus incertus, Fig, 4* llorsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 290 (1826); 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 403 (1847). 
Cuculus fiavus, pt, Less. Traitt, p. I~>2 (1831); Pucker. Rep, et 
Mag. ZooL 1853, p. 09; HartL J.f.O. 1835, p. 422. 
Cuculus ciuerascens Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847). 
Cuculus pyrrhophanes, Gray, I c. p. 403. 
Cacomantis tlabelliformi^ Bp. Comp. i. p. 104 (1850); id. Comp. 

Vol. Zip/od. p. 0 (1854) : Cab. 4* Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 24 
(1802)7 Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 618 (1805); Walden, Tr. 
Z. tf, Mii. p. 54 (1872); Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 000; Forbes, 

8 . CAC03£A2rri3. 
267 

P. Z. &: 1878. p. 125; Sahad. Am. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 457 
(1878): iff. Orn. Papumia, i. p. 332 (1880); Forbes, Pep. Voy.
4 Challenger; ii. p. 90 (1880). 
Cacomantis incertus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 0 (18-54). 

Adult male. Above blue-grey, with a slight greenish gloss on the 
wings; a white patch on the pinion-joint: upper tail-coverts with 
some white on the sides of the outer feathers: tail blue-black, all 
the feathers with white tips and notches of white on their margins;, 
these notches increasing in depth towards the outer feathers, and 
often assuming the form of almost complete bars : sides of the head 
and chin grey, shading into isabelline rufous on the throat and 
under surface of the body; under wing-coverts rufous buff, passing 
into dirsky grey towards the quills; quills dark brown, with a white 
patch on their inner webs, forming a diagonal white bar: " lull 

Mack, except at the base of the lower mandible, where it is fleshy 

oranore : feet yellowish olive; iris dark brown; eyelid beautiful 

citron-yellow v (J. (loidd). Total length 10*2 inches, culnien 0*7, 

wing 5-5, tail oS} tarsus 0*75. 

Adult female. Very similar in plumage to the male, but slightly 

duller below, where the feather** of the throat and breast show traces 

of narrow indistinct du>ky bars. "Iris brick-colour " (F. St rant ft). 

Total length 10 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 5-4, tail 5-6, tarsus 0*75. 

Voutig. Above dark brown mottled with rufous buff : tail-

feathers notched with rufous buff on the outer webs and with white 

on the inner ones : beneath white, shaded with rufous buff on the 

throat and front of the breast, and barred with dark brown; under 

wing-coverts huffy white, partially barred with dark brown. 

Total length 8m8 inches, wing 5. 

The type of Cucubts iua rtm, Tig., is a young bird with the upper 

parts nearly uniform brown, and with dusky bars over the entire 

throat and breast. Total length 9*7 inches, culmen 0*05, wing '55, 

tail 5*3, tarsus 0*75. 

Hah. Australia and Tasmania. 

«, b. S ad.: r. $ Tasmania. C. G. H. Llovd, Esq. 
ad. sk. [P.]. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Tasmania. 
Itonafd Gunn, Esq. 
/. Ad. sk. Frankland Is., June 
(McGilliiTag). Capt. Stanley Tf. 
ff-n. Ad.; o. J juv. Australia. 
sk* Seebokm Ooll. 

p-t. Ad.; v. Juv. sk. Australia
AustraliaAustralia. 
.. Tweeddale Coll. 

v. Ad.; to. Juv. st. Australia
AustraliaAustralia. 
.. J. Gould, E>q. TV. 
x} y. Ad. sk. Australia
AustraliaAustralia. 
.. Linnean Society 
(Types of C. eineraceus. 
ss. Juv. sk. Australia
AustraliaAustralia. 
.. " Linnean Society. 
(Tvpe of C. incertus. 
a*. <S ad. sk. Goidd). Sir T. Mitchell "P. 1

SS.
.. Australi 
AustraliAustralia
aa (J. 
(J.(J. Gould). 
b\ Ad. sk. 
Melbourne
MelbourneMelbourne. 
.. Tweeddale Ooll. 
e\ df. J ad. etjuv. sk. Xe
XeXew
ww Sout 
SoutSouth
hh Wales 
WalesWales. 
.. Gould Coll 

e' f. Ad. sk. Sydney
SydneySydney. 
.. Tweeddale Ooll. 
g'-h\ Ad. sk. Burwood
BurwoodBurwood,
,, X 
XX.
.. S 
SS.
.. W. June 
JuneJune. 
.. Hume Coll.

TV. 

268 
OTJCUL1D-33. 

V, mT. (S $ ad. sk. Moreton Bay (F. Strange), Tweeddale ColL 
n'-tf. Ad.; u\ Juv. Queensland. Seebokm Coll. 
sk. 
2/, so'. Ad.; xf, y', Cape York (L T. Cock- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
z'. Juv. sk. erell). 
a". $ ad. sk. Cape York. Yoy. H.M.S. < Challenger.' 
h". Ad. sk. Swan R., Western Aits- B. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
tralia. [P.] 

2. Cacomaatis meruliiras. 
Le petit Concou de 1'Isle Panav, Sonn. Voy. Nouv. Gum. i. D 122, 
pl. 81 (1776). " i 
Cuciilus meniBnus, Scop. Del Flor. et Faun. Insabr. ii. p. 89 (1786) ; 
SfricM. J. A. S. Beng. 1844, p. 891; Blyth, Cat. B. M. As. Soe. 

p. 71 (1864); Schl. Mits. Bays-Bos, Cuculi, p. 21 (1864): Gray* 
Hand-L B. 'ii. p. 217, no. 9016 (1870). 
Cuculus flavus, Gm. S. i\T. i. p. 421 (1788); Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. 

p. 107 (1815); Borsf. Tram. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 179 (1822) ; 
Maffl. t. c. p. 283 ; tig. Mem. Baffl. p. 671 (1830); Less, hi 
Belang. Toy. hid. Orient, p. 231 (1834); S. Mull. Verh. Nat. 
Gesch. Land- en Volh. p. 177 (1839-44); Blyth, J. A. S. Bern/. 
1842, p. 912, 1843, p. 241; Low, Sarawak, p. 411 (1848 5 ; 
Waldm, Ibis, lfc&O, p. 337. 
Suroiculus fiavus, Less. Traiie, p. 151 (1831). 
Concern a tefe giise de Java, Less, in Belang. Voy. Zool. p. 2,37 (1834). 
Cuculus sepulcralis, S.Midi. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Land-en VoTk. p. 17T, 
note (1^39-44); Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 217, no. 9022 (1870), 
Cuculus laneeolatus, S. Mull. Verh. Sat. Gesch. Land-en VolJc. 

p. 178 (1839-44). 
Cuculus abruptus, Burnt. Verz. Mus. Halle, p. 34 (1850). 
Cacomantis flavus, Bp. Co/isp. i. p. 103 (1850). 
Caeomantis sepulcralis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 104 (1850); Cab. <|-Berne, 
Mus. Bern. iv. p. 20 (1862); Sclat B. Z.S. 1863, p. 209 ; Walden, 
Trans. Z. S. viii. p. 54 (1872); Salvad. TJcc. Borneo, p. Qn (1874) ; 
Tweedd. B. Z. 8. 1878, p. 945 ; Wardlatc Ramsay, Ajyp. TiceedcL 
Om. Works, p. 656 (1881); Guillemard, P.Z.S. 1885, p. 550; 

Beddard, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 175. 
Cuculus lineatus, Packer, Bee. et Mag. Zool. 1853, p. 70. 
Cacomantis borneen^is, Bp. Consjp. Vol. Zygod. p. 6 (1854); Walcl. 

Tr. Z.S. \m. p. 54(1872). 
Polyphagia merulina, Borsf. 8f Moo-re, Oat. B. Mus. F.I. Co. ii. 

p. 697 (1856-58). 
Cacomantis threnodes, 
Cab. $ Beine, Mus. Bern. iv. p. 19 (1862); 
Wald. Tr. Z. 8. viii. p. 54 (1872); Bume $ Davis. Str. F. vi. 

p. 158; Ball, op. eit. vii. p. 207 (1878); Cripps, t. c. p. 265; 
Bume, OJJ. cit. Tiii. pp. 54, 89 (1879) ; Bingham, op. cit. ix. p. 167 
(1880); Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 391; A. Mull. J. f. O. 1882, 
p. 405 ; Gates, Bandb. B. Brit. Burmdh, ii. p. Ill (1883) ; A. 
Miill. J.f.O. 1885, p. 157; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1888. 
p. 568. 
Cuculus rufoyiridis, Cab. 4" Heine, Mm. Hem. iv. p. 20 (1862). 
Cacomantis merulixras, Cab. Sf Beine, Mtis. Bein. iv. p. 21; Wald. Tr. 
Z. S. viii. p. 156 (1872); Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 64 (1874) ; 
Wald. Tr. Z, 8. hep. 160 (1875); Sharjye, Ibis, 1876, p. 34, 18777 
8 . CACOMA.NTTS. 
p. 7; id. Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, i. i&oZ. p. 320 (1877); Tweedcl 
P.Z. 8. 1877, p. 691,1878, pp. 613, 709; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. 
Gen. xiv. p. 185 (1879); Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 244; Eume, Str. F 
riil p. 54 (1879); Tweedd. P. £. S. 1879, p. 69; Sharpe, t. c. 
1879, p. 328, 1881, p. 792 ; Wardlaio Ramsay, App. Tweed. Orn. 
Works, p. 656 (1881); Butiih. Notes Ley den Mus. is. p. 28 
(1886); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1887, p. 532; Sharpe, Ibis, 
1888, p. 198, 1890, p. 10; Whitehead, t. c. p. 46; Everett, P. Z. 8 
1889, p 225. 
Polypkasia temiirostris (nee S. Mull), Jerd. B. 1ml. i. p. 335 (vt) 

% (1862). ^ 
Caconaantis djsonomus, Seine, J.f.O. 1863, p. 352. 
Caeomantis qiterulus, pt., Heine, J.f O. 1803, p. 352. 
Polyphasia ruliYentris? Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 15. 
Caeomantis passerinus {nee Vahl), Blyth 4" Walden, B. Burmah, 

p. 80 (1875). 
Oiolygon teouirostris, Hume, 8tr. F. iii. p. 80 (1875). 
Cacoraantis rufiventris, Armstrong, Str. F. iv. p. 312 (1876) ; 
Wardlaio Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 458; Anders. Zool. Biped. 
Yunnan, p. 587 (1878). 
Caeomantis tenuirostris {nee Bp.), David $ Oust. Ois. Chine, p. $'2 
(1877). 
Cuculus threnodes, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 217, no. 9017. 

Adult male. Upper half of the head and back of the neck leaden 
grey, passing gradually into brown, with an olive gloss on the back 
and wings; feathers of the pinion-joint white, forming a patch; 
upper tail-coverts grey like the crown; tail slaty black with white 
ends, the outer webs of the feathers notched with white, the inner 
webs regularly barred with white, most strongly so on the outer 
feathers ; sides of the head, chin, throat, and front of chest uniform 
grey, slightly paler than the crown ; remainder of the body and 
under tail-coverts and the under wing-coverts uniform rufous-buff; 
under surface of the quills dusky brown, with a diagonal bar of 
white formed by the white on the inner webs near the base of the 
quills : " bill black, base of lower mandible reddish; iris light 
red ; feet and legs waxy naples yellow, nails black" (A. Everett). 
Total length 8'2 inches, culmen 0*65, wing 4-3, tail 4*3, tarsus 0*65. 

Immature. Above rufous, nearly equally barred throughout with 
olive shaded black; primaries alone more uniform brown ; Tinder-
parts buff, narrowly barred throughout with dusky black; under 
wing-coverts like the chest; pale portion of the quills more rufous 
than in the adult and indicating partial bars: " bill dusky black, 
yellowish at the gape and base of lower mandible; iris yellowish 
white, legs and feet dingy greyish yellow7? (A. O. Hume). Total 
length 9*1 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 4*3, tail 5, tarsus 0*7. 

This species appears to embrace three races, all of which 
have received a name, viz. Cuculus merulinus, Scop., a pale bird 
with, the grey of the head and throat sharply defined and with clear 
regular white bars across the inner webs of the tail-feathers. 
Caeomantis threnodes, Cab., a rather darker bird with a deeper 
rufous-buff colour on the breast. Cuculus sepulcralis, S. Mull., with 
the upper parts nearly uniform, the notches on the outer webs 

270 
CTrCTTLIDJK 

of the tail-feathers slightly shaded with rufous and the white Lars 

on their inner webs almost obsolete. 

The largo series in tho British Museum shows that these are not 

local forms, nor have they any distinctive measurements ; therefore 

the paler or darker colouring must be due to climate, which is 

no doubt the cause of the other variations—C. onandimis, Scop., 

inhabiting the drier and more arid districts, G. threnodes, Gab., 

from localities which have a greater amount of rainfall, while C. 

sepalcralis is probably founded on specimens in the last stage of 

immaturity. 

Hab. South-eastern and Central India. Eastern Himalayas to 

Assam and China, south through the Burmese Provinces to the 

Malayan Peninsula and the Lido-Malayan Islands. 

a. Ad. sk. Madras. Dr. Jerdon [P.]. 
b,c. $ ad. sk. E-aipur, Feb. Hume Coll. 
d, e. Ad.; /. Juv. sk. Calcutta, Jan. Hume Coll. 
g. S iinm. sk. Barrackpur, Sept. (22. C. JBeavan).Tweeddale CoU. 
h. 
Ad. ; i, h, I. Dacca. Hume Coll. 
Imm. sk. 
m. Imm. sk. Nepal. 
Hodgson Coll. 
n. Juv. sk. Bhutan (Pemberton). India Museum. 
o. limn. sk. Bhutan Doars, Jan. (L. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 
p, 
q, r. Ad.; b. Assam (A. IV. Chennell). Tweeddale Coll. 
Imm. sk. 

f. $ juv. sk. Sliillong, Sept. (J". Cockbarn). Hume Coll. 
u, v. $ ad. et juv. sk. Sadkya, April (J. Cochburn). Hume Coll. 
w. $ 
imm. sk. N, Khasia Hills, Dec. {A. W. Tweeddale Coll. 
Climnett). 
x. 
Imm. sk. Khasia Hills. Hume Coll. 

yfz,a. c^ad.; b^c'yd', Dibrughur, Dec. to April {J. Hurne Coll. 

22. Cripps).
2 ad. et imm. sk. 

Cackar, Jan., March (A. O. H. Hume Coll. 

£',/,</'• Ad.; h'-L 

Sf J. Inglis). 

Imm. sk. 

Manipur, March to May (A. Hume Coll. 

m'-t'. Ad.; u\ v', 

f 0. 
II).

w. Imm. sk. 
Tippera ( V. Irwin). Hume Coll. 

a.', d juv. sk. ^ 

Akyab district, Dec. to March Hume Coll. 

y'-b". Ad. et imm. 

(J. Armstrong).
sk. 

Lower Pegu, Dec. to May and Oates Coll. 

c"-h". c?ad.etimm.; 

July to Oct. 

l"-q". $ imm. sk. 

Thayetmyo; Sept. (22. G. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 

r".tf ad.; s". Juv.sk. 

Irawady Delta. Hume Coll. 

t'',u". Ad.etimm.sk. 

Tonghoo, March, April, June Tweeddale Coll. 

y"-a3. Ad. sk. 

(22. G. W. 22.). 
&,/, dK <$ ad. et Karen-nee, March (R. G. W. 22.). Tweeddale Coll. 
juv. sk. 
<?3. 2 ad. sk. Pahpoon, Dec. ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
f, r/3. <$ ad. sk. Khy-kehto, Jan. (IF. 2).). Hume Coll. 
hK S ad. sk. Thatone, Jan. (W. D.). Hume Coll. 

iA 

. Juv. sk. Assoon, March (W. Limborg). Tweeddale Coll. 
7c3, P. Ad.; m?, n3, Moulmein, Dec, March, April, Hume Coll. 
o3. Juv. sk. Aug. 


jp33, q. $ ad. sk. Kaukaryit, June (J. Darling). Hume Coll. 

r. tf ad. sk. Meetan, Feb. ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
53 

. 2 juv. sk. Yeaboo, Attaran River, March Hume Coll. 

(W.J).). 

8. CACWANTIS. 
^-/A c? ad. etjuv.; Mergui, June, Nov. Bee. (W.
m-hK $ ad. et D.).
juv. sk. 

c4-/i4. Imm. sk. Amherst, Jan. to March and 

June(PF. D.). 
iK $ ad. sk. Pakckan, Jan. (W. D.). 
k\ d ad. &k. Bankasoon, April (IV. D.). 
Z4, m4-, n*. <$ ad.: Kossoum, May (J. Darling). 

ok. 2 imm. sk. 
pl-ioK $ ad. et imm.; Island of Tonka, Feb. to April, 

.i4. J imm. sk. and July to Sept. (J. Darling). 
yl-b5. Ad. etjuv.sk. Penang (Dr. Canto?-). 
e5, <$, e\ (S ad. et Klang, Salangore, Jan., Feb., 

imm. ;f>. § ad. sk. Aug., Sept. ( W. D.). 
g"\ Ad.; h5,i%k3. Malacca. 

Imm. sk. 
P-t\ Ad. et imm. sk. Malacca, Aug. (R. G. W. R.). 
u5, v\ Ad. sk. Malacca, July (W. D.). 
zo6, .v5. $ juv. sk. Nealys, Oc. (W. D.). 
y'\ z\ <$ ad. sk. Guunong Pulai, Johore, March, 

Sept (7T.D.). 

a6-eu. <$ ad. et juv.; Singapore Island, Oct. to Feb. 
f6-lG. $ ad. et (W.D.). 
juv. sk. 


mb-rb. Ad.; s°, t6. Sumatra (C. Bock). 

Juv. sk. 
u6. Ad. sk. Java. 
v*-b7. Ad.; Q\ d7. Java. 


Imm. sk. 
e7,f,g7. Ad.; h7, Java (Horsfield). 
i7. Juv. sk. 
k7. $ imm. sk. Borneo. 


77 7

I7, m. Ad.; n, o, 
pl', Imm.sk. Sarawak (A. H. Everett). 
q7. Ad. sk. 
Lawas River. 
r7. Acl.; s7-v7. 
Imm. sk. 


Lumbidan. 
ID7. Ad. sk. Banjarmassing (J. Motley). 


a:7. Ad.; y7-bs. Amoy, Oct., Dec, May (R. 
Imm. sk. Sioinhoe). 

^, d8. Ad. ; e. Hainan, Feb. (R. Sioinhoe). 

Juv. sk. 
f8. Juv. sk. Manila (Maitland Ileriot). 
</8, h8. S ad.; i\ Bohol, Oct., Nov. (A. II. 

ks. Imm. sk. Everett). 
Z8. cJ ad. sk. Monte Alban, March (A. II. 
Everett).

h8 s

m, n, o. $ ad. sk. San Mateo, Jan., Feb. (A. H. 
Everett).

8 B 8

2ib, q. (S ad.; r, s, Zamboanga, April (A. II. 

tf. 2 imm. sk. Everett). 
u8, v8. (S $ imm. sk. Basilan, May (A. H. Everett). 
w8, x8. Juv. sk. Palawan, July. 

yB. $ ad. sk. Puerto Princesa, Palawan, 
Dec. {A. H. Everett). 

 Flume Coll 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Ooll. 
Hume Ooll. 
Hume Ooll. 

Ilumo Ooll. 

India Museum. 
Hume Ooll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Purchased. 

Wallace Coll. 

India Museum. 

Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

J. 
Whitehead, 
Esq. [PA 
Governor Ussker 
[0.]. 
Wallace Coll. 
Seebohm Ooll. 


Seebohm Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

J. Whitehead, 
Esq. [0.]. 
Tweeddale Ooll. 

272 CTrnjLiDjs. 
z8 . $ ad. sk.
a9 . Ad. sk. 
Makassar (A. R. Wallace). 
Ternate. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebokm. Coll. 
b\ c*. Skeletons. Java. Purchased. 

;$. Cacomantis variolosus. 

('uculiib variolo&us, Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. x\. p. oOO (18:20); 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847). 
Cuculus tymbonomus, 8. Milll. Yerli. Nat. Ge^ch. Land-en Volk. 

p. 177 (1839-44); Gray, Iland-l B. ii. p. 217, no. 9024 (1870) ; 
JRosenb. Heist, naar Geelvinhb. p. 6 (1875); Ramsay, Pr. Linn. 
Soc. N. 8. Wales, vii. p. 21 (1881); id.^ %ab. List, p. 15 (1888). 
Cuculus dumetorum, Gould, P. Z. S. 184o, p. 19 ; id. B. Austr. iv. 
in text.pl. 87(1848); id. Intr. B. Austr. p. 67 (1848); Gray, 
Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847) ; Rchb. Vog. Neulioll. ii. pp. 115, 309 
(1850); Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 195; id. Cat. B. New Gum. 

p. 60 (1859) ; id. Hand-l B. ii. p. 217, no. 9031 (1870). 
Cacomantis dumetorum, Bp. Consp. i. p. 103 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. 
Zygod. p. 6 (1854); Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 24 (18G2) ; 
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 620 (1865) ; Ramsay, Proc. Linn. 
Soc. N. 8. Wales, iii. p. 257 (1878), iv. p. 96 (1879) ; Salvad, Ibis, 
1879, p. 321. 

Cacomantis tvmbonomus, 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 104 (1850); id. Consp. 
Vol Zyyoa. p. 6 (1854) ; Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hein. iv. p. 22 (1862) ; 
Wall. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 484; Finsch, Nm-Guin. p. 159 (1865) j 
Wald. Tr. Z. 8. viii. p. 54 (1872); 8alvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 

xiii. p. 458 (1878); B'Alb. $ Salvad. op. cit. xiv. p. 13 (1879); 
Finsch, Vog. d. Siidsee, p. 15 (1884); Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, 
p. 551 j Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 340 (1880), Agg. p. 49 
(1889). 
Adult male. Somewhat similar to C. merulinus, but with, the 
upper parts browner, with barely a trace of grey on the head and 
rump and none on the tail, wThieh has an olive gloss ; underparts 
pale ashy very slightly washed with rufous buff, under tail-coverts 
pale rufous buff: "bill black; the mandible paler; feet olive-
yellow ; iris whitish" (D'Albertis). Total length 8'5 inches, 
culmen 0*8, wing 4*8, tail 4*4, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in plumage. 
Ilab. Australia and Timor; New Guinea and the Molucca 
Islands. 

a. Juv. sk. Australia. India Museum. 
(Type of species.) 
b. Imm. sk. Queensland. 
Seebohm Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Moreton Bay. Tweeddale Coll. 
d. Juv. sk. Cape Upstart, May. J. B. Jukes, Esq. [P.]. 
<?,/. Ad.sk. Cape York (Cockerell # Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Thorpe), 
g, h. 6 $ ad. sk. N.W. Australia (W. H. Capt. Bowyer Bower 
Bowyer Bower). \ PA 
*'. $ ad. sk. Victoria Eiver, N. W. Aus- J. R. Elsey, Esq. [P.]. 
tralia, Eeb. 
h-n. 
Ad. etjuv. E. Timor. Wallace Coll. 
sk. 

8. CACOMOTIS. * 273 
o.
p.
r, 
$ imm. sk. 
q. m $ ad. etimm. sk. 
s. Ad. et $
juv. sk. 
Waigiou (.4. P . Wallace). 
Ternate (A. JR. Wallace). 
Ilalmahera (A. P . Wallace). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Ooll. 
Seebohm Coll, 

4. Cacomantis insperatus. 
Cuculus insperatus, Gotdd, P. Z. S.1845, p. 19; id. B. Austr. iv. 
pi. 87 (1846); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 46;] (1847); Mchb. Vog. 
i^wM.p.ll4(1849). 
Cacomantis 
insperatus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 104 (1850); Cab. «J* Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 24, note (1802); Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. 

p. 619 (1865); Sclat. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 106; Finsch, P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 12 ; Zayard, Ibis, 1880, p. 800. 
Cuciilus assimilis, G. B. Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, pp. 184, 195; id. 

P. Z. S. 1801, p. 437; id. HmuU. B. ii. p. 217, no. 9026. 
Cuculus (Cacomantis) tymbonomus {nee Mull.), Gray, P. Z.8.1860, 
p. 359. 
Cuculus (Cacomantis) sepulcralis, Gray, t. c. p. 359. 
Cacomantis infaustus, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 23 (1862); 
Wald. Trans. Z. 8. viii. p. 54 (1872). 

Cacomantis 
assimilis, Gray, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 437; Cab. § Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 23 (1862); Finsch, Neu-Guin. p. 159 (pt., 
1865); Wald. Trans. Z. 8. viii. p. 54 (1872); 8harpe,Jour. Linn. 
8oc, Zool. xiii. p. 492 (1877); 8alvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. 

p. 458 (1878), xiv. p. 642 (1879); id. Ibis, 1879, p. 321; 8harpe, 
Journ. linn. 8oc, Zool. xvi. p. 428 (1882); Pleske, Bull. Acad. 
Petersb. xxix. p. 524 (1884); Saluad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 337 (1889). 
Cuculus infaustus, Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 217, no. 9023 (1870). 
Cacomantis sp. inc., Sclat. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 447. 
Cacomantis tymbonomus (nee Mull.), Grant, P. Z. S.1888, p. 191. 


Adult male. Similar to C. merulinus, but with the upper parts 
darker and browner; tho grey of the throat extending on to the 
breast, which is only partially washed with pale chestnut; under 
tail-coverts pale chestnut or cinnamon. Total length 8 inches, 
oilmen 0*75, wing 4-4, tail 4-2, tarsus 0*65. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in plumage. 
Hal. New Guinea to New Britain and the Solomon Islands ; the 
Am group and Moluccas. 

a. Imm. sk. S.E. New Guinea (Hunstein). Tweeddale Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Fly River, New Guinea. Seebohm Coll. 
d, e,f. Ad. bk. Port Moresby. Seebohm Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts. (A. Goldie). Forbes Coll. 
h, i. $ ad. sk. New Britain, Feb. (G. Brown), Tweeddale Coll. 
1: 
$ ad. sk. Blanche Bay, June (G. E. Seebohm Coll. 
Richards). 
I, m, n. 
Ad.; o. Duke of York Island, Dec, Rev. G. Brown [C.]. 
$> juv. sk. March, Oct. 

p. 
(J ad. sk. Duke of York Island, July 21 Seebohm Coll. 
(G.F.Bichards). 
a. 2 imm. sk. Guadalcanal1, Solomon Is., C. M. Woodford, Esq. 
April 18, [C.]. 
VOL. XIX T 

CTJCULIDiE. 

274 

r. 
5 ad.sk. Aru Islands. Wallace Coll. (Type 
of C. assimilis.) 
s. $ ad. sk. Salawati, June (von RosenTweeddale 
Coll. 
berg). 
t,u. tf § ad. sk. Mysol (A. R. Wallace), Tweeddale Coll. 


v. Ad. sk. Waigiou (A. R. Wallace), Seebohm Coll. 
w, a\ Ad. et juv. Morty Island (A. R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. 
y, z, a'. Ad. sk. Ternate. Seebolim Coll. 
//. Ad. sk. Halmahera. Seebolim Coll. 
c'-i'. Ad. et juv. Batchian (A. R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 


sk. 

5. Cacomaiitis virescens, 
Cacomantis assimilis (nee Gray), Wall. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 23. 
Cuculus sonnerati, pt., Schl. Mus. Fays-Bas, Cnculi, p. 25, note li 
(Ceram) (1864). 
Cacomantis sepulcralis {nee Mull), Wold. Tram. Z,. S. viii. p. 11G 
(1872) ; Meyer, Ibis, 1879, p. 69. 
Cuculus virescens, Bruggeman, Abhandl. nat. Ver. Brem. v. p. 59 
(187G) ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. viii. p. 373 (1876). 
Cacomantis aeruginosas, Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 458 
(1878) ; id. Orn. Papuasia, p. 336 (1880). 

Adult male. Similar to C. mendinus, but differing in the upper 

parts being of a darker shade, though, not brown as in C. assimilis; 

chin and upper half of the throat grey ; remainder of the throat, 

breast, and under tail-coverts rich cinnamon-rufous slightly washed 

on the lower throat with grey. Total length 9*3 inches, eulmeii 

0*65, wing 4*3, tail 5*4, tarsus 0*65. 

Hal. Celebes and Bourn. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. Menado. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

d. <$ ad. sk. Menado (A. R. Wallace). Seebohm Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. N. Ceram. Wallace Coll. 
/. 6 ad. sk. Goram (A. R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
g. $ imm. sk. Bourn (A. R. Wallace). Seebohm Coll. 
6. Cacomantis castaneiventris. 
Cacomantis castaneiventris, Gould, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hisf. (:>) xx. 
p. 269 (1867) ; id. B. Austr. Siqipl, pi. 57 (1867) ; Wald. Tr. 
Z. S. viii. p. 54 (1872); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 015 
(1875)/ xiii. p. 457; Skarpe, Jour. Linn. Soe., Zool. xvi. p. 428 
(1882) j Meyer, Zeitschr. f. ges. Orn. iii. p. 11 (1886); Ramsay, 
Tab. List, p. 15 (1888); Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 334 (1880) ; 
id. op. cit. Ag£. p. 48 (1889). 
Cuculus castaneiventris, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 217, no. 9029 (1870). 

Cacomantis assimilis, Salvad. (nee Gray), Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. 
p, 762 (1875); Ramsay, Pr. Linn. Soc. K S. Wales, iii. p. 256 
(1878), iv. p. 96 (1879); Salvad. Ibis, 1879, p. 321. 

Cacomantis sp., Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. ix. p. 16 (1876). 
Cacomantis arfakianus, Salvad. Agg. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 49 (1889). 

8. CACOMANTIS. 275 
Adult (type of species). Above deep slaty blue, with a alight olivo 
gloss on the wings ; a white patch on the pinion-joint; tail-feathers 
all tipped with white, and notched or partially barred with white 
on the inner webs ; sides of head deep grey like the crown ; underpays 
bright chestnut with the chin grey: under wing-coverts rufous, 
fading into white at the bend of the wing and becoming dusky 
brown near the quills; quills dusky brown, with a large white 
patch on the inner webs, forming a bar on the under surface of the 
wing. Total length 9 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 4-3, tail 4*9, 
tarsus 0*7. 

The sexes are similar. An immature bird from New Guinea, no 
doubt belonging to this species, resembles C. merulinus in that 
plumage. 

Hah. Northern Australia to New Guinea and the Aru Islands. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk. 
Cape York. 
New Guinea. 
Gould Coll. (Type 
of species.) 
Gould Coll. 
c. d. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts., New Guinea Forbes Coll. 
e. Imm. sk.
/. Imrn. sk.
(A. Goldie). 
Fly River, New Guinea. 
Salawati (A. R. Wallace). 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

7. Cacomantis bronzmus. 
Cuculus (Cacomantis) bronzinus, Gray, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 164. 
Cuculus bronzinus, Gray, Cat B. Trojp. Is. p. 35 (1859); Very, fy 
JDes Murs, Rev. ef Mag. Zool. 18G0, p. 391 ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. 

p. 217, no. 9028 (1870)1 
Cacomantis bronzinus, Cab. §* Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 26 (1802) ; 
Layard, Ibis, 1877, p. 362. 

Adult male. Above deep slate-colour, with an olive gloss on the 
mantle and wings ; a white patch on the pinion-joint; outer tail-
coverts with a few marginal white spots, while a partial rufous edging 
is generally visible ; tail-feathers all tipped with white and notched 
with white most strongly on their inner edges, these white marks 
gradually increasing towards the outer feathers, where they become 
more or less well-defined broad bars across the inner webs; sides of 
the head grey; underparts bright chestnut, often mottled with grey on 
the chin and throat* under wing-coverts rufous, fading into white at 
the bend of the wing and becoming dusky brown near the quills ; 
quills dusky brown, with a large white patch on their inner webs 
forming a bar on the under surface of the wing: " bill dark horn 
colour • iris crimson; legs brown ochre " (E. L. Layard). Total 
length 9*7 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 5'5, tail 4-1, tarsus 0*8. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male : " iris red-brown " 
(K L. Layard). Total length 10 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 5-5, 
tail 6, tarsus 0*8. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the breast irregularly 
barred with white and brown, 
Eab. New Caledonia. 
T2 

276 CrCTJLTDJS. 
a7 b. (S ad.;
$ ad. sk.
d. 3 ad.; e,
$ ad. sk. 
g, h. S ad. sI Ad. sk. 
e.
f.
k. 
Noumea, Xew Caledonia, llarch, 
June, July (H. L. Layard). 
Maindu, Oct., NOT. (JB. L. Layard). 
Port de France, ATay, June (J.
McGiUivray). 
New Caledonia {J. McGiUivray). 
Seebohm Coll 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Voy. H.M S 
* Rattlesnake/ 
Seebohm Coll. 

(Types of species.) 

8. Cacomantis simus. 
2&?p. Toy. 'Challenger; ii.'p. 43 (1883).^' * * ~* ~* *"''' F* ' "^' 
Cacomantis sinius, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 25, note (1862). 

Adult male. Very similar to C. hronzinus, but scarcely so large 
and with a decidedly broader and slightly snorter bill: " bill dark ; 
iris coffee-colour; legs yellow5' (K L. Layard). Total length 
10*3 inches, cxilmen 0*8, wing 5, tail 5*4. 

Advlt female. Similar to the male. 

Hah. Jhji Islands and New Hebrides-

a, b.$2 acl ; c. Eewa, Fiji Islands, Jan.. Feb., Tweeddale Coll. 
$ juv.sk. March (J?. L. Layarcl). 

d. d ad. sk. Bua (J?. L. Laijard). Tweeddale Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Kandavu. 
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.' 
/. Ad. sk. Taviimi (E. L. Layard). Seebohm Coll. 

g. Ad. sk. Taviuni (Liardet). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
k. 
J ati- sk. Port Resolution, Xew Hebrides, Seebohm Coll. 
Aug. (J. McGiUivray). 
9. Cacomantis mfttscatus. 
Cucnlus infuscatiis, Hartl. Ibis, 1806,, p. 172; Finsch <§* Hart!. JFaun. 
Centr. Polynesians, p. 31, pi. y. fig. 1 (1867) ; Gray, Hand-L H. 

ii. p. 217, no. 9030. 
Male {nearly adult). General plumage brownish black; head, 
neck, lower back, and tail darker than the mantle and wing, which 
are slightly glossed with oliye; a white patch on the edge of the 
wing next to the median series of coverts; chin and throat brownish 
black; breast paler and rather more ashy, a few of the feathers 
with white bars; under surface of the wings dusky brown, 
with the greater portion of the coverts white, with some rather 
narrow dark bars; a large white patch on the inner webs of the 
quills forming a broad diagonal bar separated from the white spot on 
the first primary: " bill, upper mandible horny brown, lower one 
yellow; iris brown; legs yellow " {E. L. Layard). Total length 10 2 
inches, culmen 0*75, wing, 4*9 tail 5"4? tarsus 0*8. 

Immature male, Differs from the adult in having all the feathers 

8 . CACOMANTIS. 
277 
o f the throat, body, and under tail-coverts with broad pale bars 
mor e or less -washed with rufous, especially on the front of the 
ciiest; the outer tail-feather with about six distinct partial white 
bar s on the inner web and a white end, this white end being also 
indicated on several of the other fealhers; pale portion of the under 
wing-coverts washed with rufous. 
The sexes arc similar in plumage, and probably in a fully adult 
specimen there would be no pale bar on any feather. 

Hal. Fiji Islands. 
« . tf ad.; b. $
juv. sk.
c* 5 ad. sk.
d~ $ juv. sk.
e?f* d> 9-> h *• 9imm. sk. 
Fiji Islands, April 8, 1877 
{Dr. JR. Smith). 
Ovalan, Fiji Islands, April22, 1874 (R L. Layard). 
Taviimi, April 24, 1875(JE. L. Layard). 
"VTakaia, April, May (JE. L. 
Layard). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
&. <$ imm. sk. llewa, Jan. 1875 (K L. Tweeddale Coll 
Layard\. 

10. Cacomantis passerinxis. 
Cuculus passerinus, Yahl, 8kriv, af Natuur. 8elsfc.iv. p. 57 (3797); 
8chl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 27 (1864); Gr. lland-l. B. ii. 

i p. 217, no. 9014 (1870). 
Surniculus flavus, pt., male, Less. Traite, p. 152 (1831). 
Cuculus flavus, Jerd. Madr. Journ. xi. p. 220. 
Ouculus niger {nee Linn.), Blyth, J. A. S. Bern}. 1842, pp. 708, 008, 

1843, p. 240; Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847) ; id. Cat. Mamm. etc. 
Nepal pre*. Hodgs. p. 120 (1846). 
Cuculus tenuirostris, Gray, III. Bid. Z. ii. pi. 34.fig. 1 (1834); Stricld. 

J. A. S. Beng. 1844, p. 391, note ; Blyth, op. cit. 1849, p. 805; id. 
Cat. B. Mus. As. 8oe. p. 72 (1849) ; Layard, Ann. &> May. Nat. 
Hist. xiii. p. 453 (1854). 
Cuculus (Gymnopus) niger, Blyth, Aim. ty Mag. Nat. Hist. 1843, p. 94. 
Cuculus brevipennis, Hodqs. Icon. hied, in Brit. Mus., Passeres, 
pi. 354. figs. 1, 2, 3 (nos. 689, 513) $ id. in Gray's Zool. Misc. 

p. 85 (1844). 
Cuculus niger, var. pyromniatus, Hodgs. t. c. p. 85. 
Cacomantis tenuirostris, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 7 (1854). 
Polyphasia tenuirostris, JBJorsf. § Moore, Cat B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. 
p. 698 (1856); Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. Jo. 
Polyphasia niger, Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 333 (1862). 
Cacomantis passerinus, Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 18 (1862); 
Ball, 8tr. F. vii. p. 207 (1878) ; Cripps, t c. p. 265; Hume, op. cit. 

viii. p. 89 (1879), ix. p. 55 (1880); Butler, t. c. p. 388; Held, op. cit. 
x. p. 27 (1881); Davidson, t. c. p. 360. 
Polyphasia passerina, Jerd. Ibis, 1872, pi. 1; Holdsworth, P. Z. S. 
1872, p. 431; Legge, His, 1875, p. 284. 
Ololygon 
passerinus, Hume, Nests fy JEggs Lid. B. p. 136 (1873); 
Ball, 8tr. F. 1874, p. 394 ; Butler, op. cit. 1875, p. 461; Ball, op. 
cit. 1876, p. 235; Fairbanh, t. c. p. 255, 1877, p. 413. 

Adult male. General plumage grey, darker on the upper surface, 
wit h an olive gloss on the mantle and wings; a white patch on the 

278 CTTCTJLID-E, 

primary joint; upper tail-coverts with some white on the sides of 
the outer feathers; tail-feathers blue-black with white ends, and 
with partial white bars on the inner web of most of the feathers, 
more strongly indicated on the outer ones; sides of the head and 
the underparts grey, passing into white on part of the thigh-
coverts, the abdomen, and under tail-coverts; under wing-coverts 
grey, fading into white on the primary joint; quills brown, with a 
white patch on the inner webs of the primaries forming a diagonal 
band: " bill reddish black; legs and feet brownish yellow; iris 
red ,? (E. A. Butler). Total length 8*7 inches, oilmen U'7, wing 
4*5, tail 4*5, tarsus 0*75. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male : " bill blackish ; 
inside of mouth red; legs and feet reddish brown; iris light red,? 

(W. V.Legge). 
Immature. Upper half of the head, lower back, upper tail-coverts, 
and tail bright rufous without bars ; upper back and wing-coverts 
barred with black : throat strongly washed with rufous : breast and 
under tail-coverts white barred with black; under wing-coverts 
white, more narrowly barred with black; under surface of the quills 
with a diagonal pale bar shaded with rufous. 

The Museum Collection contains some interesting varieties ; 
three of these have no white on the pinion-joint, two have no 
white on the abdomen and under tail-coverts, and in one the white 
on the quills is absent, and the tail is uniform blackish with very 
slightly paler ends to some of the feathers. That these specimens 
are mere varieties cannot be doubted, and the most striking of them 
has been figured as Polyphagia passerhia (Ibis, 1872, tig. 1, upper 
figure). 

Bah. Indian Peninsula; Java; Sumatra. 

a-(j. Ad. et irnm. sk. Ceylon, Feb., April (#. Tweeddale Coll. 
Chapman §• II. Kevtll). 
/Wad. ; *. $ Colombo. Hume Coll. 
imm. sk. 
k-p. Ad. et irnrn. Kandy {A. Whyte). Seebohm Coll. 
sk. 
q, r, s. Ad. sk. Newara Ellia. E. IJoate, E&q. [C.~. 

t. $ ad. sk. Dyatura, Feb. Col. Legge [P.,. 
u. J ad. sk. Turngalla, Feb. Col. Legge [P.J. 
v, w, x. Ad. ; y. Malabar. Tweeddale Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
». Ad. sk. Western Ghats. Gould Coll. 
a'. Ad.; //. $ juv. Coonoor Ghat, April, Sept., Tweeddale Coll. 

sk. ^ (JR. G. IF. JR.). 
o'-h'. Ad. et imm. Kotagheny, May, June, Hume Coll. 

sk. Sept., Oct. (Miss Cocklurn). 
i'. Ad. sk. Mysore, May. Hume Coll. 
h'. J ad.; /'. Juv. Madras (Jerdon).

sk. 

mf-q'. <$ ad. sk. Belgaum, April, June, July Hume Coll. 

(JE. A. Butler). 
rf. S ad. sk. Vingorla, S. Konkan, Feb. Hume Coll. 

(6?. Vidal). 

/. . Ad. sk. 

t'.. Ad. sk. 
n'. J ad. sk. 
v'. Ad. sk. 
w'-d". Ad. etimm. 

sk 
e". c? juv. sk. 
'~i". Ad. et juv. 

f 

sk. 
h''. Inini. sk. 
V', m", n". Ad. et 
juv. sk. 
o"', p", q". Ad. et 
juv. sk. 
/' r. g ad. sk. 
s"-v". Ad.; w"~ 
z"\ Imm. sk. 

a" 
, b\ c\ Acl.; d\ 
ez. Imm. sk. 
, rf, P. Ad. et 

f 

juv. sk. 

i*--p'K Ad. et juv. 
sk. 

qy 

-tK Ad. et imm. 

sk. 
u3 . Ad. sk. 
V3,. Juv. sk. 
id \ Ad. sk. 


.V3 

. Bones of trunk. 

9 . MISOGALIUS.
Mahableshwar, May (#. B. 
Fairbcmk). 

Matlieran, Nov. 
Seoni, Central Provinces. 
Jubbulpur District. 
Itaipur, May (F. Blewitt). 


Sonapur. 
Mount Aboo, June, July. 


Kangra. 
Simla (S. Pimcill). 

Simla, May. 

Bareilly, May. 
Nepal. 

Nepal (B, H. Hodgson). 

Native SikMm, May, July, 
Aug. (L. Mandelh). 
Sikbim, May, July-Sept. 

(L. Mandelli). 
Darjiling, April, June. 


Dacca, Marcli. 
Sumatra (C. Boch), 
Java. 
Nepal. 


9. MISOCALIUS. 
Misocalius, Cab. Mm. Hein. iv. p. 10, noteNisocalius, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 218, no. 2233

Ecmge. Australia, Ara, Kc, and Batchian Islands. 

1. Misocalius palliolatus. 
279 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coil. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Pinwill Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

India Museum. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Forbes Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

Type. 

 M. palliolatus. 
M. palliolatus. 
Tipped Cuckow, Lath. Sappl. ii. p. 138 (1801). 

Cuculus palliolatus, Lath. Bid. Orn. Suppl. p. 30 (1801); Staph. 
Gen. Zool ix. p. 112 (1813); Vieill. K Diet. viii. p. 237 (1817) ; 
id. Ene. Mah. p. 1337 (1823); Gray. Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847) ; 
id. JKand-l B. ii. p. 218, no. 9033. 

Cuculus flavus, jeune male, Less. Traite, p. 152 (1831) ; Pucker. 
Eev. et May. Zool. 1853, p. 69. 
Cbalcites osculans, Gould, F. Z. iS. 1847, p. 32; id. B. Austr. iv. 
pi. 88 (1848) ; Behb. Votj. Neuholl. ii. p. 116 (1849); Bp. Consp. 
Vol Zyyod. p. 7 (1854).' 

Cuculus osculans, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847). 

Cbrysococcyx osculans, Gould, Introd. B. Austr. p. 67 (1848). 

Misocalius palliolatus, Cab. $• Seme, Mies. Hein. iv. p. JQ, note 
(1862); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 459 (1878); id. Orn. 
Papuasia, p. 344 (1880). 

ercuLiDJS. 

Adult. Ashy brown with an olive shade, slightly darker and 
greyer on the crown, back of neck, nape, and decidedly paler and 
more ashy on the lower back and upper tail-coverts ; quills dark 
brown, with narrow pale edges; outermost upper tail-coverts with 
broad white marginal ends, and some faint bars mostly on their 
outer webs ; all the tail-feathers with broad whitish ends, and five 
other distinct white bars on the inner webs of the outer pair, while 
similar bars are partially traceable on the penultimate ones; on the 
sides of the head a broad white eyebrow, and a black band through 
the eye comprising the ear-coverts; under surface of body rufous-
buff, fading into white on the abdomen, thighs", and under tail-
coverts, the flanks with almost obsolete dusky bars; under tail-
coverts with three or four dusky brown bars; under wing-coverts 
and a broad basal margin to the inner webs of the quills rufousbuif; 
bill blackish; irides greyish black; tarsus in front and toes 
above green I bh grey, back of the tarsus and soles of the feet pinker. 
Total length 7*6 inches, culmen 0-65, wing 4*7, tail 3*8, tarsus 0*7


Ilab. The same as that of the genus. 

a, h. Ad. iak. Cape York. 
Salvin-Godinan Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. New South Wales. Gould Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. S. Australia (G. F. Angus). Gould Coll. 
10. 0HRYS0C0CCYX. 
Type. 
Ghrysococcvx, Ijoi?, Isis, 18*27, p. 977 
Chalcites, less. Trait* Orn. p. 152 (18:31) 
Lainproniorpha, Vig. P. Z. S. 1&31, p. i)2 .. 
Lamprococcyx, Cab. JItis. Mem. iv. p. 11 (18(52) .. 


Range. Confined to Tropical and South Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
With yellow on the under surface. 
a'. Breast yellow; entire throat brilliant 
emerald-green like the upper parts...... smaraydmews, p. 280. 
b'. Yellow colour confined to the throat, which 
ends in a "broad green pectoral collar ... . jlmigidarky p. 282. 

b. 
With no portion of the plumage yellow; 
throat white or nearly so. 
£*'. Tail with three outer pairs of feathers 
almost entirely white; the green of the 
neck extending as a pateh on the sides of 
the crop klaasi, p. 283. 


d'. Tail with less white; sides of crop uniform 
with the breast cupreus, p. 285. 


1. Chrysocoecyx smaragdiueus. 
Cuculus capreus (nee Bodd.), Shaw, Mm. Lever, p. 157 (1792); Vieill. 
Gal. Ois. i. p. 33, pL 42 (1825); Grill, ZooL Anteahn. p. 42 
(1858). 

Chalcites cupreus, Milpp. New Wirb., Voy. p. 62 (1835). 

10 . CHETSOCOCCTX. 
281 

Chalciteb smaragdineus, Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 191 (1837;; Bayard. 

B. S. Afr. p. 2-51 (1867); Verr. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 259. 
Chrysococcyx cupreus, R'upp. Syst. Uebers. p. 96 (1845); Cab. ty 
Heinei Mus. Hein. iv. p. 8 (1862). 
Cueulus smara^dinensis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847). 
Cueulus splendidus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 464 (1847) ; id. Hand-L B. 

ii. p. 218, no. 9035. 
Chrysoeoccvx 
smaragdineus, Bp. Consp, i. p. 105 (1850); Striekl. 
Conir. Orn. 1851, p. 135 ; Terr. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 259; 
Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I Co. ii. p. 705 (1856-58) ; 
Marti. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 191 (1857); Guniey, Ibis, 1859, p. 246; 
Cass. Proc. Ac. Pkilad. 1859, p. 142; Cab. <§• Heine, Mies. Hein. 

iv. p. 10 (1862); Bohm, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 329 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, 
p. 58; Hevgl. Orn. N.O.-Afr.^. 774, clxi (1871); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. 
B. p. 13 (1871) ; Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 53; Bocage, Orn. Angola, 
p. 142 (1677; ; Oust. N. Arch. Mies. (2) ii. p. 126 (1879); Salvad. 
Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2) i. p. 75 (1834; ; Fischer, J. f. O. 1885, 
p. 124; Beichen. J. f. O. 1857, pp. 302, 308; Salvad. Ami. Mus. 
Civ. Gen. (2) vi. p. 32 (1888); Shelley, Ibis, 1890, p. 169. 
Chaleites intermedins, Verr. Reo. et Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 259. 
Chrysococcyx intermedins; HartL Orn. W.-Afr. p. 191 (1857); 

Cab. 8r Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 8 (1862). 
Cueulus j&maragdineus, Schl. Mus. Pays~Bas, Cuculi, p. 29• Gray, 
Handrl B. ii. p. 218, no. 9035 (1870); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, 

p. 588; id. ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 151, 809 (1875-84); 
Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 83. 
Cueulus inter inedius, Gray, Hccnd-l. B. ii. p. 218, no. 9036 (1870). 
OhrybOcoccyx splendidus, Sharpe^ Cat. Afr. 2?. p. 13 (1871). 

Adult male. Entire head, neck, front of the chest, and upper 
parts brilliant metallic emerald-green; remainder of the body lemon-
yellow, the under tail-coverts boldly barred with metallic green; 
the four centre tail-feathers uniform green, the remainder with 
white ends and with about four broad white bars on the outermost 
feathers ; these white bars are variable in number and breadth, and 
are only indicated on the penultimate feathers; under wing-coverts 
yellowish white, with a broad metallic green edging to the wing; 
quills dusky brown, glossed with metallic green towards their ends, 
and with broad white basal margins forming a large white centre to 
the wing: bill greyish olive, shading into black near the tip and 
sides of the mouth; iris brown; legs olive-grey. Total length 
8-6 inches, cultnen 0*7, wing 4*4, tail 4*7, tarsus 07. 

Adult female. Different from the male. Crown, primary-coverts, 
and quills dark brown, the latter partially barred with rufous ; back 
and remainder of the wings rufous, each feather broadly barred with 
metallic green; two centre tail-feathers metallic bronze, passing 
into green and fiery copper towards their ends; the remaining 
feathers with white ends; the next pair from the centre are dark 
brown, the three outer pairs white, with, a broad subterminal black bar 
and with two or more dark bars on their inner webs, generally on a 
rufous ground; sides of the head and the underparts white, with 
wavy metallic gr&en bars; under wing-coverts like the breast; 
under surface of the quills brown, barred on their inner webs 

282 CUCT7LIDJK. 

with white partially tinted with rufous. Total length 8 inches, 
oilmen 0*6, wing 4*2, tail 3*4, tarsus (>7. 

Nestling. Above alternately barred with rufous and metallic 
green, except on the rump and tail; upper tail-coverts dark brown 
barred with rufous; centre tail-feathers nearly black, broadly 
washed on their edges with fiery copper; remainder of the tail 
white, washed with rufous and having some black bands ; beneath 
white barred with coppery brown : bill yellow. Total length 
3*9 inches. 

Young. Differs from the nestling in having a greater amount of 
green both above and below ; the feathers of the head and underpays 
have broad metallic green ends, a white bar, and their bases 
dusky black. Total length 4*5 inches. 

The last signs of immaturity in the males are the bars on the 
under wing-coverts, though the bars on the breast remain for a 
long time. On comparing "West-African skins with South-African 
ones, the former generally have the breast rather darker yellow, 
the tail slightly longer, and the white bars on the outer tail-feathers 
broader and less numerous. 

The type of Guculns splendidus, Gray, is an adult male which 
has lost its two pairs of outer tail-feathers, and has the breast 
bleached to white, which often occurs when specimens of this species 
have been exposed to light. 

Bab. The same as that of the genus. 

a. <$ ad. sk. West Aftica. Purchased. 
b. tf ad. sk. River Gambia. Sharpe Coll. 
c-f. <$ ad.; y-li. 5 Fantee (Aubinn), Sharpe Coll. 
ad. et imm. sk. 
l-o. S ad.; p. $ Gold Coast (JET. T. Ussher). SheUey CoU. 
ad. sk. 
qy r. Juv. sk. Cameroons Mountains. Sharpe Coll. 
s, t, u. tf ad. sk. Gaboon (Walker). Sharpe Coll. 

v. $ ad. sk. Ogowe River. H. T. Ansell, Esq. 
w. $ ad. sk. Angola. Monteiro Coll. 
a, y. <$ Ad. sk. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.~. 
c. S juv. sk. Natal (Ayres). Sharpe Coll. 
of, b'. <$ ad. sk. Durban, Nov. (Gordr/e). Shelley Coll. 
c'. tf ad. sk. South Africa. ' L.Melville, Esq. [P. j . 
(Type of C. sjilendidus.) 
d\ e\ cJ $ ad. sk. South Africa (Layard). "Sharpe Coll. 

2. Chrysococcyx flavigularis. 
Chrysococcyx flavigularis, Shelley, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 679; pi. 50. 
Adult (type of species). Entire upper parts, as well as the sides 
of the head and neck, golden green, with a very strong shade of 
copper- or lilac-bronze; two centre tail-feathers uniform fiery 
copper, the next pair dark brown glossed with fiery copper, with 
white ends and a broad white outer margin to the basal three 

10 . CHKYSOCOCCYX. 
283 

quarters of the outer webs ; the remaining three pairs of outer tail-
feathers white, with a broad sub terminal bar of blackish bronze; 
quills dark brown, glossed with fiery copper, most strongly so on 
the outer webs; the inner webs of the quills buff for about three 
quarters of their length, this colour forming partial bars or notches 
in the brown of the quills; chin and throat bright yellow, with the 
sides and a few feathers on the middle of the crop golden green; 
remainder of the under surface of the body, the thighs, and the 
under tail-coverts brownish buff, each feather with some four or five 
wavy narrow bars of bronze; under wing-coverts buff, similarly 
marked; bill yellow, shaded with horn-colour towards the base; 
legs apparently dark olive, with the soles of the feet yellow. Total 
length 6 inches, culmen 0-7, wing 3*8, tail 2*8, tarsus 0*6. 

Hab. W. Africa, Elmina on the Gold Coast. 
The typical specimen is in the Stuttgart Museum. 


3. Chrysococcyx klaasi. 
Le Ooucuu de Klaas, Levaill. Ois. d'Afr. v. p. 53, pi. 212 (180G); 
Sundev. Krit. om Lemill. p. 47 (1858). 

Ouculus klaasi, 
Steph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 128 (1815); Vieill. Enc. 
Meth. p. 1333 (1823) ; Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 30 (1804): 
Gray, Hcmd-l. B. ii. p. 218, no. 9039 (1870); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, 

p. 592; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 83; Sharpe $* Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool. 
France, i. p. 52 (1870) ; Sharpe, ed. Bayard?s B. S. Afr. p. 155 
(1875-84) ; id. Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xvii. p. 433 (1884). 
Chalcites klasii, Less. Traite Orn. p. 153 (1831); Swains, B. W. 

Afr. ii. p. 189, nl. 21 (1837). 
Ohrysococcyx clasii, Hupp. St/st. TJehers. p. 96 (1845). 
Ohrysococcyx klasii, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. p. 73 (1849). 
Ohrysococcyx klaasi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 105 (1850); J. fy E. Verr. 

Rev. et Mag. Zool 1855, p. 270 ; Marti J. f O. 1861, p. 205; 
Finsch, J. f. O. 1867, p. 248; Bianc. Spec. Zool. Mosamb. p. 327 
(1807); Finsch $ Hartl. Vog. Ost-Afr. p. 520 (1870); Blanf. 
Geol ty Zool. Abyss, p. 314 (1870); Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 58; 
Gurneyin Anderss. B. J)amara-Ld. p. 229 (1872); Beichen. J.f.O. 
1875, p. 5; Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 144 (1877); Nicholson, P. Z. S. 
1878, p. 131; Cab. J.f O. 1878, p. 237 ; Oust Bull. Nouv. Arch. 
Mm. 1879, p. 59; Biittik. Notes Leyd. Mus. x. p. 96 (1888); 
Shelley, Ibis, 1890, p. 168. 

Ohrysococcyx klasi, Horsf. § Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. 

p. 705 (1856-58). 
Ohrysococcyx 
claasi, Hartl Orn. W.-Afr. p. 190 (1857); Gurneij, 
Ibis, 1859, p. 247; Heugl J.f. 0.1864, p. 205 ; Ileugl. Orn. NO.~ 
Afr. pp. 778, clxi (1871) ; Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 53; Fischer § 
Reichen. J.f.O. 1879, p. 342; Fisc?ier, Zeitschr. qes. Orn. 1884, 

p. 367; id. J.f.O. 1885, p. 342. 
Lamprococcyx klaasi, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 12 (1802) ; 
Heine, J.f.O. 1863, p. 350; Oust. Bull Soc. Philom. (7) i. p. 100 
(1877); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2) i. p. 33 (1888). 

Lamprococcyx resplendens, Heme, J. f. O. 1803, p. 350. 
Chalcites klaasii, Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 250 (1867). 
Ohrysococcyx resplendens, Reichen. J. f. 0.1877, p. 17. 


284 
CTTCTJLID^I. 

Adult male. Above, as well as the sides of tlie head and sides "of 

the neck, uniform deep metallic green, often partially shaded with 

lilac; a partial white eyebrow extending over the ear-coverts; quills 

dark brown, washed on their outer webs with metallic green and on 

their inner ones notched with white; four centre tail-feathers 

uniform green like 
the back, the outer three pairs white with a 

large subterminal green spot on their outer webs, their inner webs 

having generally a few broad black bars, the third from the outside 

having that web more boldly marked and with nearly the entire 

basal half black; under surface of body snow-white, the green sides 

of the neck advancing in a patch on the sides of the fore neck ; the 

front half of the long thigh-coverts metallic green; under wing-

coverts white with 
a few dusky bars ; quills dusky black, with 

white triangular notches to their inner webs not reaching to the 

shafts : irides brown; bill and legs dusky. Total length 6'2 inches, 

oilmen O'C, wing 3*8, tail 3, tarsus 0-65. 

Addt female. Sides and upper half of the head and neck brown; 
a white spot barred with brown behind the eye and over the ear-
coverts ; back brown, obscurely barred with rufous and metallic 
bronze or green; wing-coverts, scapulars, and secondaries with 
alternate bars of metallic green and rufous; quills dark brown, 
notched with rufous on both webs, forming incomplete bars; outer 
tail-coverts with some white on their outer webs; four centre 
tail-feathers brownish bronze, with broad metallic fiery copper 
or green ends, the next pair have their inner webs rufous instead 
of white as in the males : beneath buffy white, narrowly barred 
with dark brown zigzag lines; the brown sides of the neck 
advancing in a patch on the sides of the fore neck ; the front 
half of the long thigh-coverts with concentric bands of bronze 
and rufous. Total length 6*4 inches, culmen 0*6, wing 3*7, tail 3, 
tarsus 0*65. 

Immature male. Somewhat resembles the adult female, but differs 
in the crown and back being alternately barred with metallic green 
and rufous; the sides of the head, neck, and lateral patch on the 
chest rufous-white barred with brownish bronze, and the underpays 
generally white, more irregularly barred with brownish 
bronze. 

Hah. The whole of Tropical Africa. 

a} b. Ad. et imm. Senegambia. Sharpe Coll. 
sk. 
c, dj e. tS ad. sk. Fantee (H. T. Tlssher). Sharpe Coll. 
/, g. <$ ad. sk. Denkera, Jan. (H. T. BM$- Sharpe Coll. 
sett), 

h. $ ad. sk. Gold Coast (Aubinn). Shelley Coll. 
i. S 
ad. sk. Cameroons, Feb. 2, 1871 (A. Sharpe Coll. 
Crossley). 
k. <S juv. sk. Gaboon. 
M. Verreaux. 
I. J ad. sk. Gaboon. 
M. Verreaux. 
m. <$ ad. sk. Semmio, Niam-Niam Country, F. Bohndorfl [C.]. 
March. 
10 . CHKYSOCOCCTX. 2S5 
n. Ad.sk. Abyssinia. Purchased. 
o. <$ ad. sk. Island of Mombasa, July 1876. Dr. J. M. Ilildebrandt 
[0.]. 
p. cJ ad. sk. Lamu, E. Africa, Aug. 24. F. J. Jackson, Esq. 
q. Ad. sk. Tete, Zambesi. Sir John Kirk [p.J. 
r. Imm. sk. Makalaka Country (Dr. Brad- Shelley Coll. 
s, t Ad. sk. Transvaal. Seebohm Coll. 
u, v. Ad.; w, x. Natal (T. Ay res). Sharpe Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
2/-e'. Ad. et imm. Durban, Natal (T. L. Ay res). Shelley Coll. 

sk. 
d', e'. £ ad. sk. Pinetown, March (G. E. S.). Shelley Coll. 
/. # ad. sk. Eland's Post [T. C. Atmore). Shelley Coll. 
g',ti. Ad. et South Africa (E. I. Laijard). Shelley Coll. 
j uv. sk. 

i\ <$ ad. sk. Damara-Land, March 29 (C. J. Tweeddale Coll. 

Andersson). 
k'. <$ ad. sk. South Africa. Dr. Lee [P.]. 
/'. Skeleton. West Africa. Purchased. 

4. Chrysococcyx cupreus. 
Le Coucou vert dorS et blanc, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 385 (1879). 
Coucou vert du Cap de Bonne Esperance, Month. PL Enl vi. pi. 057 

(1780). 
Gilded Cuckow, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. p. 527 (1782). 
Cuculus cupreus, Bodd. Tabl PI. Enl p. 40 (1783); Vieill Enc. 

Meth. p. 1832 (1823); Drap. Diet. Class.tic.Nat. p. 142 (1838); 

Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 31 (1864) ; Gray, Iland-l B. ii. 

p. 218, no. 9037 (1870) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 591 ; Buckley, 
Ibis, 1874, p. 367 ; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 83; Barratt, Ibis, 1876, 
p. 199 ; Sharpe 8f Bozmer, Bull Soc. Zool France, L p. 51 (1870). 
Cuculus auratus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 421 (1788); Vieill. Enc. 
Meth. p. 1337 (1823); Temm. Tabl. Meth. p. 52 (1838) ; Drap. 
Diet. So. Nat. p. 142 (1838); TMenem. Abbikl Yogeleiem, pi. 15. 
fig. 4 (1845-56); Grill, Zool. Anteekn. p. 43 (1858). 

Le Coucou Didric, Levaill Ois. aVAfr. v. p. 40, pis. 210, 211; Simdev. 

Krit. om Levaill. p. 47 (1858); 
Lampromorpha chalcopepla, Vig. P. Z. S. 1831, p. 92. 
Chalcites auratus, Less, Traite, p. 153 (1831); Swains, B. W. Afr. 

ii. p. 187 (1837); Mont. Ibis, 1862, p. 337; Layard, B. S. Afr. 
p. 250 (1867) ; Gumey, Ibis, 1868, p. 163. 
Cuculus chalcopeplus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 403 (1847). 
Chrysococcyx auratus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 105 (1850) $ llartl. Orn. W.~ 
Afr. p. 190 (1857) ; Gumey, Ibis, 1859, p. 247; Mont P.Z.S. 
1865, p. 94; An tin. Cat. deser. Ucc. p. 84 (1805); Hart I. P. Z. S. 
1867, p. 826; Bocaye, Jam. Lisb. i. p. 143 (1867); Gumey, Ibis, 
1868, p. 467 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 58. 

Chrysococcyx cupreus, Blyth, Cat. B. M. As. S. p. 72 (1852); Ileugl. 
Peterm. Mitth. 1861, p. 26; Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p.* 8 
(1862): Finsch $ Hartl. Yog. Ost-Afr. p. 522 (1870); Blanf. 
Geol. ^ Zool. Abyss, p. 313 (1870); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 14*5, 
1871, p. 605; Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr.pp. 776, clxi (1871); Shelley, 

286 
CUCULIDJE. 

B. Egypt, p. 163 (1872); Gurnet/ in Anderss. B. Damara-Ld. 
p. 228 (1872); Ayres, Ibis, 1874, p. 103; Reichen. J.f 0. 1875, 
p. 6; Bocage, Or?i. Angola, p. 143 (1877); Beichen. J.f.O. 1877, 
p. 17; Ayres,Ibis. 1578, p. 407; Cab. J.f 0.1878, p. 237; FiseJi. 
<§• Beichen. t c. p. 2o2; Oust. Bull. Nouv. Arch. Mus. 1879, p. 59: 
Ayres, Ibis, 1879, p. 297, 1580, p. 262: Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, 
p. 594; 27?. 23w, 1882, p. 24,5; Bohm, J. f. O. 1882, p. 105 : 
Schahic, t e. p. 34G; Sharpe. ed. ZayartVs B. S. Afr. pp. lo;3, 800 
(187-5-84); Ayres, Ibis, 1884, p. 224 ; Fisch. Zeitschr. r/es. Orn. lbS4. 
p. 367; Ayres, Ibis, 1855, p. 343; Bohm, J.f O. 1885. p. 41 ; 
Fisch. t, c. p. 124; But til:. Notes Zeyd. Mus. Vii. p. 225 (1885) : 
Ay res, Ibis, 1S50. p. 291 : B'uttik. Notes Zeyd. Mus. viiL p. 2<J4 
(185G); Symonds, Ibis, 1"=S7, p. 328; Bocaqe, Jorn. Zisb. L^7. 
p. 2: Beichen. J.f 0. 1887, p. 58 ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 42. 
Lamprococcvx cupreu-*, Cab. |* Heine, Mm. Be in. IT. p. 11 (1862) : 
Oust. Bull Soc. Phil (7) i. p. 106 {1877). 
LamprococcTX chrysochlorus, 
Cab. *§- Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 11 
(1862); So-had. Ann. Mm, Ch\ Gen. (2) i. p. 92 (1884), vL 

p. 213(1888). 
Lamprocoeeyx cbrysites, Heine, J.f O. 1863, p. 350. 
Ciiakites cupreus, Kirk, Ibis, 1864* p. 327. 
Cuculus chrysifr^, Gray, Hand J. B. ii. p. 218, no. 9040. 
Ciieiilu.s chry-oehlorus, Gray, t. e. no. 9041. 
Adult male. Above metallic green, shot with a coppery gloss 
principally on the mantle; a white band down the centre of the 
forehead and front of the crown; a broad white eyebrow interrupted 
just over the eye ; wing-coverts mottled with "-white, mostly 
towards the centre portion ; quills black glossed wTith metallic 
green, with three or four large white partial hars on their inner 
webs, and three distinct white spots on the outer webs of the 
secondaries, indicated rather as notches on a few of the outer primaries 
; tail-coverts with broad white ends to their outer webs ; 
tail of a slightly bluer shade than the back, and with, white ends to 
all of the feathers; ail but the centre pair with white spots, most 
numerous on the outer ones, where they form partial bars; ear-
coverts, a band under the eye, and a narrow moiistachial stripe 
metallic green ; remainder of the cheeks, throat, and body white9 
with broad dusky bronze bars on the sides of the breast and the 
under tail-coverts, occasionally extending on to the centre of the 
chest; under surface of the wings brownish black, the coverts 
mottled and barred with white, the quills broadly banded with 
white across the inner webs of the feathers; bill black ; iris dark 
red; legs brownish black. Total length 7*5 inches, culmen 0*6, 
wing 4"6, tarsus 0*7. 

Adult fimale. Very similar to the male, but more shaded above 
with coppery bronze than with green ; the white markings on the 
quills partially shaded with rufous, and many of the tail-feathers 
barred with that colour; the throat and front of the chest 
often shaded with rufous. 

Nestling. Upper half of the head uniform rufous; remainder of 
the upper parts rufous, sparingly barred with dusky brown and 
shaded with metallic green: a few white marks on the wing-coverts; 

10 . CHRYSOCOCCYX. 
the quills dark brown barred with rufous; upper tail-coverts more 
glossed with green and with large white ends to the outer webs of 
the feathers; tail dark brown, with rufous and a few white bars, 
and white tips to some of the feathers; beneath white, striped on 
the throat and spotted on the breast with bronzy brown : bill yellow. 
Total length 4-4 inches. 

If ah. The «ame as that of the genus. 

a. Imm. *k.
h. Ad. **k.
c. Juv. sk.
cL Ad.: e. Juv. -k.
f. Ad. sk.
g~n. Ad.; o, p, q.
Imm. *k. 
r7 s. Ad. sk. 

t9 u} v. Ad.: tf\ r, 

y. Imm. sk. 
z. Ad. dt. 
a'-d'. Ad. *k. 

('. $ ad. sk. 

/*. J ad. sk. 
//. ^ ad. &k. 

//'. d ad. hk. 

/'. $ imtn. N]C. 
#. Ad. -k. 

/'. Ad. sk. 
m% w', o'. Ad.; 

p'. Imm. sk. 
^'. Imm. sk. 
r'. J juv. sk. 

*\ *'. Ad. sk. 
it'. Irani, sk. 

r'. Ad. sk. 

io', <5 ad. sk. 

x\ g ad. sk. 

s1, «". Imm. sk. 

h". Ad. sk. 

c'\ d". cJ ad. sk. 
*",/'. Ad.; ? 
iuv. sk. 
y;, /*". Ad. sk. 

 West Africa. 
Ri\er Gambia. 
Ca*aman*p. 
Gold Coa*t, Jan., April, May. 
AshantL 
Fantee, Aug., Dec. < II. T.

Ussier). 

Connor's Hill, Cap*4 Cuast 
Ca*tle, March* G. E. &). 
Abioktita (II. Roh.'n). 

Carneroons Mountains. ¥>h. 
(Crowley). 

Gaboon. 
An?< ha Vallev. B< >«r« >•*-Lan< 


July. 
Bejook, July ( TTL Je^e). 
Kaprima, Shoa, Jan. ((K 

Anihmri). 

Itediaf, Equatorial Africa, 

May. 
Kiri, May '24. 
Lamu Inland, E. Africa, 


Autrust. 
Lamu {tiir J. Kirk). 
Fsambara Mountains, Panirani

River (SirJ. Kirk). 
Zanzibar (Sir J. Kirk\. 
Zanzibar, Sept. 

Mamboio (/Sir J. Kirk). 
Zambezi (Dr. Mtlltr). 
Makalaka Country (Br. 

BradtJiaio). 
JBamanfrwato, Oct. {T. E. 
Buckley). 

Crocodile River, Transvaal, 
Nov. (F. Oates). 
Limpopo River, 2\ov. ( T. E. 
Buckley). 

Rustenberpr. 

Potchefbtroom. 

Transvaal (* lyres). 
Xatal, March (Arnold). 

Pretoria {Pratt). 

L. Fraser, Esq. C._ 
Sharpe Coll. 
J. Verreaux. 
Shelley Coll. 
J. Gould, Esq. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

F. Xicholsun, Esq. 
Sharpe Coll. 


Sharpe Coll. 
"W. T. Blanford, Esq. 


~cr. 

Tweeddab* ('oil. 
Shelley Coll. 

Emin Pa-ha ~C.~. 

Emiu Pallia _P.~. 

F. J. Jackson, Esq. 
[P.". 
Shellev Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

Sharpe Coll. 
Dr. J. M. Ilihle


brandtrC. . 
Shelley Coll." 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

Shelley ('oil. 

Esqr>. P. . 
Shelley Coll."* 

F. 
A. Barratt, Esq. 
"P.". 
F.\C Barratt I>q. 
[PA 
Sharpe Coll. 
Seebohm Poll. 


Seebolmi Cull, 

288 CTTCUXII>.a3. 
i". Ad. sk. Fort Beaufort. Sliarpe Coll. 
h", I". Ad. ; m". South Africa. 
Imm. st. 
%". Ad. sk.
o". Ad. sk.
p", q". Ad. et 
Knysna, Dec. (0. J. Anders-
son), 
Daraara-Land (C. *71 ^4.). 
Angola (Monteiro). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
juv. sk. 
r". 3 ad. sk. Katenbella,
(Sala). 
Benguela, Dec. Sharpe Coll. 

11. 
CHALCOCOCCYX. 
Type-

Chalcococcyx, Cab. Mus. Sein. iv. ]). 15 (1862) . . C. xanthorhynchus. 

Range, Indian Peninsula and Ceylon to the Burmese Countries 
and the Malayan Peninsula, throughout the whole of the Malayan 
Archipelago to Australia and ISTew Zealand. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Bill yellowj breast regularly barred; throat 
barred (in the females and young). 
a'. Throat and upper parts violet mntliorliynclms, p. 289. 
b'. Throat and upper parts green mamdatus, p. 291. 

b. Bill not yellow. 
c'. Basal half of quills rufous meyeri, p. 208. 
d!. Quills brown ; never more than margined 
with rufous. 
a". Under wing-coverts barred. (Adults.) 

a'". Basal two-thirds of tail rufous, with 
the exception of the inner and outer 
feathers basah's, p. 294. 

b'". Basal half of tail never uniform 
rufous. 

a1. With no rufous edges to the quills 
and with less rufous on the under 
surface of the wings and outer pair 
of tail-feathers. 

a5. Larger : wing not less than 4 
inches. 

aG. Breast-bands bright green. 
Crown green like the back; 
forehead freckled with white. 

a'. Bill wider. Slightly larger, hicidus, p. 293. 
b7. Bill narrower. Slightly 
smaller poliurus, p. 29(1 

b°. Breast-bands coppery bronze; 
crown and back of neck purplish 
bronze, contrasting with 
the green back; forehead less 
freckled with white plagosus, p. 297. 

b\ 
Smaller: wing not more than 
3*8 inches. Breast-band copnery 
bronze: forehead stongly 
freckled with white \ malayanus, p. 298. 

289 

11 . CHALCOCOCCYX. 
bK Witk narrow rufous edges to the 
quills, and more rufous on the 
under surface of the wings and 
outer pair of tail-feathers. 


c'\ With scarcely any rufous shade 
on the throat pmciturus, p. 299. 
d"\ Throat strongly washed with 
rufous riificollis, p. 300. 
h". Under wing-coverts uniform white. 
(Young- of preceding species.) 
c". With no white on the upper wiug


coverts. 
c"'. With rufous edges to the primaries.. pceeiluroides, p. 301. 
d'". With no rufous edges to the pri


maries misorensis, p. 301. 
d". With a white patch on the upper wing-
coverts crassirostris, p. 302. 

1. Chalcococcyx xanthorhynckts. 
Ouculus xanthorhynchus, Horsf, Tr. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 179 (1822) j 
id. Zool Res. Java, pi. 59 (1824); Vig. Mem. RaM. p. 672 (1830); 

S. Mull. Verh. Nat Gesch. Land-en Folk p. 234 (1839-44) ; 
Blyth, J. A. S. Lena. xi. p. 919 (1842); 8ehl. Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 32 (1864) (Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 219, no. 9040 (1870) ; 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 244. 
Lampromorpha amethystina, Vig. P. Z> 8. 1831, p. 98. 
Chrysococcvx xanthorhynchus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 919 (1842), 

xii. p. 245 (1843); Blyth, Cat B. Mus. As, Soc. p. 73 (1849); 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 106 (1850); Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. 
Co. ii. p. 706 (1856-58); 8cl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 209; Salvad. Ucc. 
Borneo, p. 62 (1874); Wald. Ibis, 1874, p. 137; Hume, 8tr. F. 
iii. p. 472 (1874); Blyth % Wald. B. Burma, p. 80 (1875); Tweedd. 
Ibis, 1877, p. 287 ; Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 458; Hume, 
Str. F. vi. p. 506 (1878), viii. pp. 54, 89 (1879); Skarpe, P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 327 ; Hume, Str. F. ix. p. 248 (3880) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 
1881, p. 702; Oates, Handb. B. Br. Burm. ii. p. 114 (1883); 
Biittik. Notes Leyden Mus. 1886, p. 27; Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 198, 
1890, p. 9; Whitehead, t. c. p. 46. 
Lampromorpha xanthorhynchus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 7 (1854). 

Chalcococcyx xanthorhynchus, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 15 
(1862); Hume, Str. F. ii. p. 191 (1874), iii. p. 81 (1875); Hume 
$ Davis. Str. F. vi. pp. 101, 506 (1878). 

Chalcococcyx amethystinus, Wald. Tr. Z. S. ix. pp. 160, 250 (1875). 
Ohalcites xanthorhynchus, Gould, B. Asia, vi. pi. 47 (1877). 
Chrysococcyx limborgi, Tzueedd. P. Z. S.1877, p. 366; id. Str. F. vii. 

p. 319 (1878); Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 89 (1879) j Bingham, Str. F. 
ix. p. 168 (1880); Oates, Handb. B. Br. Burm. ii. p. 116 (1883). 
Adult male. Tipper parts as well as the entire head and neck 
uniform metallic violet; quills brownish black, edged with the same 
colour as the back; tail above like the back, the outer pair of 
feathers with three partial white bars and white tips, the next two 
pairs with much smaller white ends, which in some specimens are 
absent; breast, under wing-coverts, and under tail-coverts white, 
with broad metallic bars varying from violet to greenish blue; 

290 CTTCULIDJE. 

under surface of the quills dark brown, with some white on the 
basal portion of the inner webs of some of the feathers; these white 
marks sometimes entirely absent: " bill orange-yellow; iris red, 
eyelids green, the edges red; mouth orange; legs greenish brown ; 
claws black" (E. W. Oates). Total length 6-5 inches, culmen 0*65* 
wing 4, tail 3, tarsus 0*6. 

Adult female. Above coppery bronze shaded with green, and with 
somewhat obscure rufous edges to most of the feathers of the wing ; 
sides of the head and eyebrows white, barred with black; forehead 
partially mottled with these colours * remainder of the crown and 
back of the neck nearly uniform dark brown ; centre pair of tail-
feathers nearly uniform fiery bronze, passing into green towards 
their ends; remainder of the feathers rufous, barred with black, 
and the outer web and tip of the exterior pair blotched with white ; 
underparts, including the under wing-coverts, white, regularly barred 
with bronzy brown, passing into black on the under tail-coverts ; 
under surface of the quills brown, with broad inner margins of buff 
passing into white near the base of the feathers. Total length 6-Q 
inches, culmen 0*65, wing 3*9, tail 2*8, tarsus 0*55. 

Young. Above rufous; back of the neck, back, and wing-coverts 
barred with metallic green; quills greenish brown, edged with 
rufous : two centre tail-feathers metallic green, tipped with rufous, 
remainder rufous, barred with black and tipped with white and with 
some white bars on the outer feathers ; beneath white, barred with 
bronze; bill yellowish brown. Total length 5-6 inches. 

Males on first assuming the metallic plumage are irregularly 
blotched with both metallic green and violet. The type of C. Umborc/
i, Tweecldale, only differs from typical full adult males in havin°a 
broad band of white across the back of the neck, which I attribute 
to partial albinism. 

Hah. Erom Siam and Assam through the Burmese countries and 
the Malayan Peninsula to Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and the islands 
of the Bay of Bengal. 

a. Ad. sk. Java (Horsfeid). India Museum. 
(Type of species.) 
b, c. Ad. sk. Labuan. Sir Hugh Low 
[P.]. 

d, e. Ad.; /, g, k Sarawak. A. H. Everett. 
Imm. sk. Esq. [O.]. 
i Imm. sk. Trusan, March. A. H. Everett, 
Esq. [C.J. 

h Ad. sk. Banjarmassing (J*. Motley). Tweeddale'Coll. 

I. $ ad. sk. 
Sumatra. Wallace Coll. 

m. Ad. sk. 
Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (JE. C. Tweeddale Coll. 

Buxton). 

n, o. Ad. et imm. 

Malacca; Jan.; March (W. DaviHume 
Coll. 

sk. 

son),

jp, q, r. Ad.; s, t, n. 

Malacca. Hume Coll. 

Imm. sk. 

v. J imm. sk. Pulo Seban, Oct. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
vt x\ Ad.; y1 z, a'. Klang, Salangore, March, Sepfc. Hume Coll. 
Imm. sk. ( W. Davison). 

11 . CHALCOCOCCYX. 
291 

b'. Ad. sk. Penang (R. 8wmhoe). Seebohm Ooll. 
c'. Ad. sk. Perak Mountains. L. Wray, Esq. 

rp.]. 

df. $ imm. sk. Island of Girbee, Sept. (J. Dar


Hume Ooll. 

ling). 
e'. Imm. sk. Nicobars. Tweeddale Ooll. 
/',,/ . c? ad. et imm. South. Andainans, Aug. (JR. J. Hume Ooll. 
sk. Wimberley). 
h!. $ ad. sk. South Andainans, May (JR. G. Tweeddale Coll. 

W. JR.). 
if

, y. S $ ad. sk. Port Blair, July (It. J. Wimberley) Tweeddale Coll. 
J'. $ ad. sk. North Bay, S. Andainans. Hume Coll. 
m'. (S ad. sk. Bankasoon, S. Tenasserim, April flume Coll. 


22 (W.Davison). 
n'9 of. S ? ad. sk. Tavoy, April ( W. D.). Hume Coll. 


y . c? ad. sk. Amherst, March (W. D.). Hume Coll. 
qf. <$ ad. sk. Houngthraw Biver, Jan. (W. Tweeddale CoU. 
Limborg) (Type of C. limborgi.)
r'. c? imm. sk. Kanee, Jan. (W. D.). Hume Coll. 
*'. $ ad. sk. Meplaychoung,Thoungyeen River, Hume Coll 

March (C. T. Bingham).
£', w'. Imm. sk. Moulmein, Oct., Dec. (W. D.). Hume Coll. 
v'. Ad. sk. Siam. Hume Coll. 
w'-d". (S ad. et Pegu, Aug., Sept., Oct., Dec, Oates Coll. 

imm.; e"-l". J Jan. (JE. W. 0.). 
ad. et imm. sk. 
m". S ad. sk. Karen-nee (1600 feet), March Tweeddale Coll. 


(R. G. W. R.) 
n", o". S ? ad. sk. Cachar, Aug. (J. Inglis). Hume Coll. 
p", q". 6 ? ad. sk. Dibrughur, July, Aug. (J. R. Hume Coll. 
Cripps). 

2. Chalcococcyx maculatus. 
Spotted Curucui, Brown, III. Zool pi. 13 (1776). 
Trogon maculatus, Gm. 8yst. Nat. i. p. 404 (1788, ex Brown). 
Cuculus lucidus (nee G?n.% Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 917 (1842). 
Chrysococcyx lucidus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 917 (1842), xiii. 


p. 390 (1844). 
Ohalcites xanthorhynchus 
(nee Horsf.), Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. 
Mm., Passeres, pi. 539 (figs. 515, 516); id. in Gray's Zool. Misc. 

p. 85. 
Chrysococcyx smaragdinus (nee Sw.)f Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 53 
Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus, Gray, Cat. Mamm. etc. Nepal pres. 

Hodgs. p. 20 (1846). 
Cuculus malayanus (nee JRqffi.), Gray, Gen. B. ii. pi. 117 (1847). 
Chrysococcyx plagosus (nee Lath.), Bp. Consp. i p. 106 (1850). 
Lampromorphus plagosus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 7 (1854). 
Chrysococcyx hodgsoni, Horsf.fy Moore, Cat. B. Mus. JE. I. Co. ii. 

p. 705 (1856-58); Jerd. B. India, i. p. 338 (1862); Swinh. P. Z. S. 
1871, p. 394; Dam. 8tr. F. x. p. 299 (1881). 
Lamprococcyx smaragdinus, Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 13, note 
(1862). 
Chrysococcyx schomburgki, Gould, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 73, 
Cuculus hodgsoni, 8chl. Mus, Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 32 (1864). 

u2 

292 
CUCXFLIDJ5. 

LamprococcTX maculatus, Wold. Ibis, 1869, p. 334; Holdsworthy

P. Z. S. 1872, p. 432 ; Hume, Sir. F. viiL pp. 161, 502 (1878); 
Salvad. Awn. Mtts. Civ. Gen. p. 581 (1887). 
Cuculus sehomkirgki, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 219, no. 9045. 
Cuculus smaragdinus, Gray, 1. c. no. 9050. 
Chalcocoecyx smaragdinus, Hinne $* Davis. Str. F. i. p. 422 (1873). 
Chrysococeyx maculatus, Blyih Sf Urald. B. Burma, p. 80 (1875); 

Wald. Ibis, 1870, p. 345 ; Wardlaiu Ramsay, Ibis, 1877, p. 458 ; 
Hume, Sir. F. viii. pp. 89, loo (1879); Bingham, *Sfr% F. ix. p. 167 
(1880); Hume, t. c. p. 248: Gates. Handb. B. Br. Burm. ii. 

p. 113 (1683); Bilttik. Notes Leyden 31us. 1886, p. 26. 
Chaleites kodgsoni, Gould, B. Asia, vi. pi. 46 (1&77). 
Cuculus maculatus, Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 238 (1880). 
Adult male. Above metallic green, mottled with, copper and with 

a bluish shade at the ends of the quills; outer tail-feathers with 

three broad partial bands and the ends white, the next pair with 

narrower white tips; entire head and throat metallic green like the 

upper parts; breast alternately barred with white and metallic 

coppery green; under tail-coverts greener, with narrower white 

bands; under wing-coverts barred with metallic green and white, 

and with a dusky patch next to the quills; under surface of the 

quills dusky brown, with a white patch on the inner web of most of 

them, forming a band on the under surface of the wing : hill yellow, 

tipped with black: irides reddish brown ; legs reddish brown. 

Total length 6*8 inches, culmen 0*6, wing 4*5, tail 3, tarsus 0-6. 

Adult female. Crown and back of the neck rufous, mottled about 

the forehead with zigzag bars of dark brown and white; back, wings, 

and tail metallic green, much shaded with copper, the edges of the 

quills washed with the same shades; two centre tail-feathers metallic 

green, ending in a broad band of fiery copper, the next pair metallic 

with four or five rufous triangular patches on their outer webs 

extending to the shafts of the feathers ; the remainder of the tail-

feathers are mostly rufous barred with metallic green, the two outer 

pairs tipped with white and the outermost one also broadly barred 

with white on the outer web; under surface, including the wing-

coverts, alternately barred with white and copper *. the pale portion 

of the quills partially shaded with rufous. 

Young male. Differs from the full-plumaged male in having the 
throat barred like the breast and in often having the sides of the 
head and front of the crown barred with white. They are distinguished 
from the female by the absence of rufous on the head, 
throat, wings, tail. 

Hah. Erom Naini Tal to the Eastern Himalaya, through the 
Burmese countries and the Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra. 

a. Ad. sk. Himalayas. 
Gould Coll. t 
b. Ad.; e,d. Imio.sk. Naini Tal, May, Oct. Hume Coll.' 
e. Imm. sk. Kaladoongi, Dhoon, Sept. 29. Hume Coll. 
ft g. Ad.; h, i, l\ Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
Imm. sk. 
/, m. Ad.; 
n. Imm. Native Sikhim, April, May, Aug. Hume Coll. 
sk. (L. Mandelli). 

11 . CHA.LCOCOCCYX. 
o-ti. Ad.; v-y. Inim, . Sikhim, Feb. to Mav, Aug., Oct.. Hume Coll. 
sk. Nov. (L. Mandelli). 
z-e'. Ad. j /'-# . Darjeeling, April. Hume Coll. 


Imm. sk. 
V~mf. Imm, sk. Darjeeling. Tweeddale Coll. 
w'. Ad. sk. Lower Hills, Bhutan Doars, April Hume Coll. 

^ (X. Mandelli). 
</. c? ad. sk ^ ^ X. Khasia Hills, March (.4. Tweeddale Coll. 

W. Cheanell). 
j?'-«'. cJ ad.; v\ ic'. Dlhrughur, April to June, Aug. Hume Coll. 
<3 § imm. sk. (J, R. Cripps\. 
*r', y'. dT $ juv. sk. Cachar, June (J. Itiglis). Hume Coll. 
3'. c? imm. sk. Prome, Pegu. Oates Coll. 
a'\ b". Ad. sk. T< *mrhoo. Tweeddale Coll. 
e". ^ ad. sk. Karen Hills, March 29 (R. G. Tweeddale Coll. 

W. It). 
d". Ad. sk. Siam (Sclmriburyk). Gould Coll. 
«". $ imm. sk. Assoon, Teiia?.*erim, Feb. 5 Tweeddale Coll 
( W. Limhorg). 
f',ff". 6 2 ad.sk. Mooleyit, Jan ] Feb. ( JV. Uaci-Hume Coll. 
son). 
h", 
i". tf imm.; k?\ Meetan, Feb. {JV. Darim/i), Hume Coll. 
? ad. sk. 


/". d ad. sk. Meplay, Thoumrywn valley, Feb. Hume Coll. 
(C.'T. Bingham). 
m". c? sk. Thoungsha &\ne, March 10 (W. Hume Coll. 


Davison). 
n". $ ad. sk. Sumatra, Nov. (C. Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
o". Bones of trunk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 

3. 
Chalcocoecyx meyeri. 
Ohrysoeoccyx splendidus (nee Gray), Meyer, Sitzb. k. AJcad. JVisseneh. 
Wien, Ixix. p. 81 (1874); Sclat. Ibis, 1874, p. 416. 

Chrysococcyx meyeri, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. vi. p. 82 
(1874) ; Beccari, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. viL p. 715 (1875); Salvad. 
t. c. p. 762$ Beccari, Ibis} 1870, p. 233; Guilkm. P. Z. S. 
1885, p. 625. 

Lamproeoceyx 
meyeri, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 012 
(1874), x. p. 124 (1877), xiii. p. 459 (1878); Ramsay, Br. Linn. 
Soc. N. 8. Wales, iii. p. 256 (1878), iv. p. 96 (1879);%Salvad. Ibis, 
1879, p. 321 ; Sharpe, Jour. Linn. Soc, ZooL xvi. p. 428 (1882) ; 
Salvad. Orn. Bapuasia, i. p. 346 (I860), iii. p. 521 {I&82), App. 

p. 49 (1889). 
Ohalcites meyeri, Gotdd, B. Neio Guin. pt. v. pi. 12 (1877). 
Adult male. Above "bright metallic green shaded with coppery 
bronze, mottled behind the ear-coverts with a few partially white 
feathers; quills rufous on both webs, passing into dark" brown 
on the terminal half of the feathers, and gradually passing into 
coppery green on the innermost secondaries : tail brownish black, all 
the feathers glossed with greenish bronze and with pale ends ; the 
two centre feathers brightest and with the pale ends scarcely visible 
except from beneath; the remainder of the tail-feathers with white 
tips to the inner webs, and the outermost pair of all having in 

294 
CtTCULIDiE. 

addition three white spots on the inner webs, with their outer webs 
irregularly notched with white; underparts white, regularly banded 
with coppery bronze, shaded with green ; under wing-coverts like 
the breast, only with narrower bars : " bill and iris black; legs 
dusky grey " (A. Goldie). Total length 5 inches, culmen 0*6, wing 
3*5, tail 2*75, tarsus 0*55. 

Adult female. Differs only from the male in having th^ forehead 
and front half of the crown bright chestnut. 
Eab. New Guinea. 


a. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts., New Guinea. A. Goldie [0.]. 
b. Ad. sk. Sogere Di&tr., S.E. New II. 0. Forbes, Ebq. 
Guinea. [C.]. 
4. Chalcococcyx basalis. 
Cuculus basalis, JBCorsf, Tr. Linn. S'oc. xiii. p. 179 (1821) ; Viq. 
Mem. Raffl. p. 672 (1830); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847); id. 
Hand-L B. p. 218, no. 9038 (1870). 

Chrysococcyx 
chalcites {nee III), Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 919 
(1842). 
Chrysococcyx lucidus (nee Gm.), Gould, B. Austr. iv. pi. 86, pt. 
fig. ? etjuv. (1848). 
Chrysococcyx basalis, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 73 (1849): 
Horsf. 8f Moore, Cat B. MILS. E. I. Co. ii. p. 107 (1856-58). 
Chalcites basalis, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 7 (1854) ; Hume, Str. 

F. iii. p. 319 (1875); Ramsay, Br. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, (2) ii. 
p. 170 (1887). 
Lamprococcyx basalis, Cab. 8f Seine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 12 (1862) ; 
Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 459 (1878); id. Orn. Rapuasia, 
i. p. 349 (1880), App. p. 49 (1889). 

Cuculus lucidus, Schl. Mus. Rays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 33 (pt.; 1864). 
? Cuculus neglectus, Schl. Mus. Rays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 35 (1864): 
Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 219, no. 9045 (1870). 

Adult male. Tipper parts brown, strongly glossed with metallic 
green on the mantle, wings, and tail; feathers of the wings with 
narrow pale brown or white edges; tail with the two centre 
feathers brown strongly washed with metallic green, all the 
remainder of the feathers having a white terminal spot on their 
inner webs and a subterminal dark bar; outer feather blackish, 
with six broad white bars across the inner web, and a similar 
number of notches on the outer web; the next three pairs having 
their basal three quarters uniform rufous, with the remainder dusky 

greenish brown above and ashy beneath, with two spots of white 
very distinct on the inner webs: sides of the head with a broad white 
eyebrow; ear-coverts brown; remainder of the plumage white, 
shaded and mottled with pale brown on the sides and base of the 
throat; breast barred on the sides with brown; under tail-coverts 
with a few large brown shaft-spots; under wing-coverts white, 
barred with brown like the sides of the body ; under suiface of the 
quills brown, with a patch of white near the shaft of the first 
primary, and a large marginal one on the inner webs of the 

11 . CHJLLCOCOCCYX. 
295 
remainder. Total length 6*3 Inches, culmen 0*55, wing 4, tail 3, 
tarsus 0*7. 
Adult female. Similar to the male in plumage. Total length 
6*7 inches, enlmen 0*55, wing 4, tail 2*9, tarsus 0*7. 
Hah. Australia, Aru Islands, Timor, Flores, Loniboek, Java; 
re-oecarring in Malacca. 

a. 5 ad. sir. Siatnpore, July fII. Ktlham). Hume Coll. 
b. Ad. >k. Ja\a tMm's/irkij. India Museum. 
c. 2 ad. sk. Louufo ck ? Wallace *. Gould Coll. 
d. 2 ad. 4x, Australia f G. Fradglry). India Museum. 
€. Ad. -k. Australia. Seebolim Coil. 
/ . Ad. sk. Xnrth Australia. Purchased. 
ih h. Ad. sk. Cape Yt rk. Salvin-Gudinan Coll. 
L ^ ad. &k. Mijmiun Bay, July (J! Gould Coll. 
&tra//fff \. 

I: 
Ad. >k. Rh er Darling f Dr. Ptck»y). Gould Coll. 
/,?//. 
//. Ad. j *h South Australia. Gould Cull. 
Juv. s\i. 


p. Ad. .nli. Murray Iiher. C. B. E. Fort num., 
E^. yr. 

q. A«i. 4c Melbourne. Sepbohm (""oil. 
n Juv.^k. Tasmania. Gould Coll. 
A*. Ad. -L Ta-umxiia. AutarctieKxpedition. 
5. Chalcococcyx lucidus. 
SMukitr Cuckoo, Lath. fan. Syn. II. p. 52-^ pi. 23 ^17^2). 

Cuculus 
lucidu% 6V«. Syrf. IW. i. p. 421 (17fcKj; Tig. 4* Horsf. 
Tram. Linn* Sir, .\v. "p.'30 fl^flj: TmiM. PI. Col III. pi. 102. 
fig. 1 11^24}; iV/. TtibL JL'fL p. 32 (lS;Ji); Gray, JTa/w?-/. i/. ii. 

p. 21&, no. M042 (WO,. 
Variable "Warbler, Z<rf/i. 6VJ*. *S>//L Sirpjyf. ii. p. 250 < IH01). 
Sylvia versicolor, Lath. hid. Dm. ii. SvppL p. 50 (IfeOl1. 
Cuculus metallicus, H/jr. 4* ILonf. Tr. L"?m. hue. xv. p. 502 < 1S27). 
Cbalcites luciduSj Xe«. Traite^p, L33{lS31i; !?/>. COMP. VuLZygod. 
p. 7 (185*). 
Cuculus nitons, Forst. Descr. A aim. p. 151 0*44 \ 
Cuculus versicolor, <?;w/, <?<?». I?, ii. p. 4C>3 (1^47). 
Cuculus chalcitea, III. in Mm. Berol.: Tejum. Tail Metk. p. 52 
(isssj:— 

Chrysococcyx lucidus, Bp. Chmp. At. i. p. 100 flh50|; Ilorrf. & 
Moore7 Cat. B. Mv«. B. L Co. ii. p. 700 (1850-58): Fin^ch, Sru-
Guin. p. 159 (1305); B viler, B. Sew Zealand, p. 77 (187-3), 2nd 
ed. i. p. 132, pi. 15 (lb**). 

Chrysoeoecyx cliaMtes, Licht. Xome?icl. AY. p. 75 (1654). 
Lamprococcjx lucidity Cfc&. 4* Heine, Mm. Hein. iv. p. 14 (1602 U 
^IcM^ male. Upper parts bright metallic green, changing in 
certain lights into purplish copper, especially on the crown and 
back of the neck; quills brown, glossed with more fiery copper than 
the back; forehead partially mottled with white; upper tail-
coverts with white bars 00 the outer web of the outer feuthers; 
tail above metallic coppery green, with a dark subtenninal spot on 
each of the feathers, followed on the inner web by a white spot, 

2m 
CTCTTLI2>-E* 

which is absent on the centre pair of feathers ; outer pair of feathers 
with broad white ends and four or five partial white bars, the next 
pair having two rufous blotches on the inner web; sides of the 
head and neck white, mottled with brown; throat and entire under 
surface of the body white, harred with coppery bronze with green 
reflexions ; under wing-coverts like the breast; under surface of 
the quills dusky brown, with broad white bases to most of the inner 
webs forming a bar across the wing; under surface of the tail ashy 
instead of metallic, with the white and raious markings much more 
sharply defined: iris brown; bill blue-black; feet slate-colour. 
Total length 0-5 Inches, culmen 0-0, wing 4, tail 3, tarsus 0-05. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
6*3 Inches, culmen 0*6, wing 4*2. tail 3, tarsus 0*0. 
Bab. Eastern Australia and 2s ew Zealand, as well as the Chatham 
Islands. 

a. Ad. st; b. Ad. New Zealand. 
Sir G. Grey "P.". 
8k. ' 
' " ^ 

c, d. Ad. sk. New Zealand. Tweeddale Coll. 
e,f. Ad. sk. New Zealand. Seebohin Coll. 
ff3 h. g 2 ach sk. New Zealand (F. Strantte). Capt. Stokes jP.~. 

i. 
c? ad.sk. Dimedin, New Zealand, Decern- J. White, Esq. ~P.]. 
her. 
Jc} I Ad. sk. Chatham Island. Colonial Museum, 
Wellington 'J?-Z


m. Ad. sk. Australia. 
Gould Coll. 
n. $ ad. sk. Banks' Peninsula, December. Seebohna Coll. 
o3p7q. Ad. sk. Cape York (Ccekerell 4* 
Thorpe). Tweeddale Coll. 

0. ChaXcoeoccyx polinras. 
Lamproeoccvx poeciluroides (nee S'alvad.), Meyer, Zeitschr. ges, Orn. 
1&86, p. m. 
Lamproeoccvx poliurus? Sahad. Orn. Papuasia, App. p. 49 (1889). 

Adult. Above golden green; forehead varied with white; sides 
of the head and the throat varied with dusky; fore neck white, 
with irregular dusky bands glossed with green ; remainder of under 
surface white, with transverse bands of shining green ; under wing-
coverts white with blackish bars ; wing beneath with a white patch 
at the base of the quills; tail above glossy green, with a subterminal 
dark band : beneath grey, the outer feather having on the 
basal part of the outer web four white spots, and five on the inner 
web alternating with four black spots; the next feather grey-
beneath, with the base and €m& black, and the inner web spotted 
with four but slightly conspicuous white spots; the next two pairs 
more uniform, but with a white spot at the end of the inner webs : 
bill blackish; feet lead-colour. Total length 8*1 inches, culmen 0*6» 
wing 4, tail 2*f>, tarsus 0*7. (Snlvadori.) 

Bab. Island of Tarawa!, New Guinea. 

11 . CHALCOCOCCYX. 
7. Chalcococcyx plagosus. 
Cuculus plagosus, Lath. Lid. Orn.ii. Sitppl. p. 31 (1801); Vieill. 
Nouv. Diet. xiii. p. 238 (18J7) ; id. Enc. M6th. p. 1832 (1823) j 
Grayf Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847). 

Cuculus lucidus, Temm. {nee Gm.), PL Col. 102. %. 1 (1824), 

Otteulus dialciles, IIIig., in Mus. Berol; Temm. PL Co!. 102. fig. 2 
(1824); lew. Trditc, p. 153 (1831); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 
(1847). 

Cuculus metallicus, Vig. # Horsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 302 (1826) ; 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847). 

Clirvsococeyx lucidus, Bh/th, J.A.S.Bmq. xv. p. 54 (184G); id. 
Cat B. Mits. As. Soc. p. 73 (1840); Gould, B. Austr. iv. pi. 89, 
centre fig. (1848) ; id. Introdr. B.Aubtr. p. 07 (1848); 1Mb. For/. 
Neuholl. ii. p. 117 (1849); Macgdl. Voy. l Rattlesnake,'1 ii. p. 357 
(1852); Horsf. 8^ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E L Co. ii. p. 706 (1856): 
Sclat. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 447. 

Cuculus versicolor, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 463 (1847). 

Chalcites lucidus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zi/god. p. 7 (1854); Verr. fy Bes 
Murs, Bev. et Mag. Zool. 1860, p. 391; Lai/ard, Ibis, 1878, p. 253; 
Tristr. Ibis, 1879, p. 181; Layard, Ibis, 1880, pp. 230, 800. 

Chrysococcyx chalcites, LicM. Nomencl. Av. p. 78 (1854). 

Lamprococcyx lucidus, pt,, Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 14 (1862); 
Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. ix. p. 17 (1876); Ramsay, Pr. Linn. 
Soc. A7". 8. Wales, iii. p. 256, iv. p. 96; Salvad. Ibis, 1879, p. 321. 

Lamprococcyx plagosus, Gould, Handb, B. Austr. i. p. 623 (1865) ; 
Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1878, p. 459; BAlb. ty Salvad. Ann. 
Mus. Civ. Gen. 1879, p. 43; Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 347 
(1880), iii. p. 521 (1882), Age/, p. 49 (1889); Finsch, Voy. d. 
Siidsee, p. 16 (1884). 

Cuculus temminckii, Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 219, no. 9048 (1870). 
Chalcites plagosus, Ramsay, Pr. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, iii. p. 110 
(1878), iv. p. 70 (1879), vii. p. 21 (1882); Salvad. Ibis, 1880, 

p. 128 ; Tristr. Ibis, 1882, pp. 138,143. 
Adult male. Very similar to C. lucidus, but differs in having the 

bill slighter ; the crown and back of neck not green, but of a dark 

violet-brown; the penultimate tail-feather with rather more rufous, 

three rufous blotches being generally very distinct. Total length 

6-2 inches, culmen 0*6, wing 4, tail 2-9, tarsus 0-6. 
Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. 
Hab. Australia generally, Southern New Guinea and the adjacent 

islands to the Solomon Archipelago. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. Australia. Sir G. Grey [P.], 
d. Ad. sk. Australia. J. Gould, Esq. 
e. Ad. sk. Australia. Linnean Society. 
(Type of C. metallicus, V. & H.) 
/ . Ad. sk. Australia. Sir D. Cooper [P.]. 
g, h. Ad. sk. New South Wales. Hume Coll. 
u Ad. sk. New South "Wales. Gould Coll. 
k~o. <$ $ ad. sk. Sydney. Tweedclale Coll. 
p. Ad. sk. South Australia. Gould Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. Victoria. Gould Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Victoria. Seebohm Coll. 

298 
CTJCULIDJ5. 

s, t Ad. sk. Queensland. 
Seebohm Coll. 

u. Ad. sk. Clarence Kiver. Tweeddale Coll. 
v. Ad. sk. Moreton Bay. Tweeddale Coll. 
w-<?'. Ad. et Cape York {Coekerell 8f Tweeddale Coll. 
imrn. sk. Thorpe). 
/ . Ad. sk. North Australia. Purchased. 
g', h'. Ad. sk. Western Australia. Gould Coll. 
'ir. Ad. sk. Astrolabe Mts., New Guinea. A. Goklie [C.]. 
7c'. $ ad. sk. Blanche Bay, New Britain, Socbohin Coll. 

June {G. E. Richa/ds). 
P, m'. S ? ad. Noumea, New Caledonia, Aug., Seebohm Coll. 

sk. Nov. (E. C. Layard). 
w'. 2 ad. sk. New Ireland, Sept. Bev. G. Brown [C.]. 
o\ S ad. sk. Russell I&land, Solomons, Seebohm Coll, 

Sept. {G. E. Richards). 
p'. $ ad. sk. Aola, Guadalcanar, May. C. M. Woodford, 

[C]. 
g', r'. Ad. sk. Tasmania. C. G.H.Lloyd,Esq. 
$', £'. Imm. sk. Tasmania. Jv\. 
P'L W. Saunders, 
Esq. [P.]. 

8. Chalcococcyx malayanus. 
Cuculus malayanus, Raffl. Trans. Linn. Soc. xid. p. 28G (LS22). 
Cuculus chalcites {nee III.), Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xL p. 919 (1842), 

xii. p. 944 (1843); S. Mull. Verh. Kat. Gesch. Land-en Folk. 
p. 234, note (1839-44). 
Cuculus (Chrysococcyx) lucidus {nee G?n.), Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 
xii. p. 944. 
Chrysococcyx basalis, ? Blyth, J. A. S. Beny. xv. p. 54 (1846); 
fHorsf. fy Moore, Cat B. Mus. EL Co. i'i. p. 707 (1856-58); 
Salt ad. TIcc. di Borneo, p. 62 (1874) ; Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. 
2nd ser. i. ZooL p. 320 (1877) ; id. Ibis, 1878. p. 416; Wardlaw 
Ramsay, App. to Tioeedd. Orn. Wo7'T%s, p. 656 (IbSl). 

Chrysococcyx chalcites {nee III.), Blyth, Cat. B. Mm. As. Soc. p. 73 
(1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 106 (1850) ; Sclat P. Z. S. 1803, p. 209; 
Wall, t c. p. 484. 

Chrysococcyx minutillus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1869, p. 128; id. B. Austr. 
Suppl. pi. 56 (1859). 
Chrysococcyx malayanus, Horsf. § Moore, Cat B. 3Itis. E.I. Co. ii. 

p. 706 (1856-58) ; Walden, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 945% 
Lamprococcyx minutillus, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hei?i. iv. p. 15, note 
(1862); Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 625 (1865). 
Cuculus minutillus, Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 218; no. 9043 (1870). 
Lamprococcyx malayanus, Hume § Davison, Str. F. vi. p. 503 

(1878). 
Lamprococcyx basalis, Grant, P. Z. S. 1887, p. 191. 


Adult male. Similar to C. lucidus, but smaller, the upper parts 
of a much more bronzy shade, the bars on the underparts brownish 
bronze with no shade of green; tail with more rufous, the white 
markings on the outer feather partially edged with, that colour, the 
next pair with three black bars on the inner webs, alternating with 
two rufous bars, and the following two pairs having a portion of 

11 . CHALCO COCCYX. 
their inner webs rufous: " bill blackibh; iris burnt-sienna colour; 
orbital ring fine vermilion; feet very dark lead-grey" (A. IL 
Everett). Total length 5-8 inches, culmen 055, wing 3*7, tail 27, 
tarsus 0*6. 

Hob. Malayan Peninsula, Java, Philippine Islands, Borneo, 
Elores, ranging to Hew Guinea and the Solomon Islands. 

a, b. Ad. etlnrai^jpang, Selangore, July, Sept. Hume Coll. 
sk. ~X IvrJBuwsQn). 

c. Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
d. $ ad, sk. Malacca, August 10 (R. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
W. R.). 
e. Ad. sk. Malacca (A. R. Wallace). Gould Coll. 
/, g. Ad. sk. Malacca, March 9 (W. JDavi- Hume Coll. 
~son). 

h. Ad. sk, N.W. Borneo. Sir Hugh How [C.]. 
i. Ad. sk. Lumbidan, Borneo. Governor Usslier 
[C.]. 
l\ Juv. sk. Banjarmassing (J. Motley). Wallace Coll. 
I ^ ad. sk. Sarawak. A.Everett,Esq.[C.]. 
m, n, o. (S ad. sk. Zamboanga, Mindanao, April, Tweeddale Coll. 

May (A. Everett), 
j). Ad. sk. Flores. Wallace Coll. 

sk


a. 2 Juv- East Timor. Wallace Coll. 
r. 
Ad. sk. Port Essington. Gould Coll. 
(Type of C. minutillus.) 
9. Chalcococcyx pcecilurus. 
Cuculus lucidus (nee Gm.), 8. Midi. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Land-en 
Volkenk. pp. 21 & 234, note 6 (pt, ex New Guinea) (1839-44); 
Schl. Mus. Rays-Bos, Cuculi, p. 34 (1804, yt). 

Chrysococcyx 
lucidus, pt., Macgill. Toy. 'Rattlesnake] ii. p. 357 
(1852) ; 8clat. Trans. Linn. Soc. 1857, pp. 126, 127; id. Journ. 
Linn. Soc. ii. p. 166 (1858) j Gray, R. Z. 8. 1858, p. 195 ; id. Cat. 

B. New Gum. pp. 44, 60 (1859) ; Rosenb. Nat. Tijdsckr. Ned. 
2nd. xxv. p. 230 (New Guinea) (1863); id. J.f. 0.1864, p. 117 
(pt.) ; Finsch, Neu-Guin. p. 159 (1865). 
Chrysococcyx pcecilurus, Gray, P. Z. S. 1861, pp. 431, 437; Finsch, 
Neu- Guin. p. 159 (1865). 

Lamprococcyx pcecilurus? Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 15, note 
(1862) j 8alvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1878, p. 459; id. Orn. 
Rapuasia, p. 350 (1880) ; Meyer, Sitz. Abhandl. Ges. Isis, p. 17 
(1884); Salvad. Orn. Rapuasia, App. i. p. 50 (1889). 

Chrysoccocyx russata, Gould, R. Z. S. 1868, p, 76. 
Cuculus pcecilurus, Gray, Band4 B. ii. p. 219, no. 9044 (1870). 
Cuculus russatus, Gray, t. c. p. 219, no. 9047. 
Lamprococcyx lucidus, Salvad. f dAlb. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1875, 


p. 813 ; Salvad. Ami. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1876, p. 17 (part); Sharpe, 
Journ. Linn. 8oc. xiii. p. 310 (1877). 
Chalcites minutillus (nee Gould), Ramsay, Rr. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, 

ii. p. 170(1877). 
Lamprococcyx minutillus (nee Gould), Ramsay, Rr. Linn. Soc. N. S. 
Wales, 1878, p. 255, 1879, p. 96; Salvad. Ibis, 1879, p. 320; 
Layard, R. Z. 8. 1875, p. 600. 

Chalcites pcecilurus, Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. B, p. 15 (1888). 
Chalcites russatus, Ramsay, t. c. p. 15. 

300 CTTCCTLIBJE. 

Adult male. Similar to 0. malayanus, but differing in having no 
white on the forehead; a partial narrow rufous edging to the 
secondaries, the outer tail-coverts partially barred with rufous and 
white; the edges of the tail-feathers washed with rufous above: 
"bill black, iris chestnut, feet grey" (D'Albertis). Total length 5-8 
inches, ctilmon Q'5o, wing 3*7, tail 2'6, tarsus 0-6. 

Immature. Upper parts similar to the adult, but duller ; chin and 
throat and front of breast ashy white ; breast white, with a few 
dark bars ; under wing-covcrte white, without bars; pale portion of 
quills white, only partially washed with rufous. 

A comparison of the series of C. malayanus and C. poeeilarus in 
the British Museum leads to the belief that they are merely the 
western and eastern races of one species with intermediate links. 
As in all these allied forms the young birds have the under wing-
coverts white without bars, there remains some doubt as to whether 

G. poeciluroides and G. misorensls, both of which are founded upon 
immature specimens, really differ from 0. pcectlurns. 0. pceeilurus 
often shows a good deal of rufous on the throat, so that C. ntficollis 
may be only an abnormal specimen. 
As I have here reviewed many of Count Salvador's species, which 
have unfortunately been based upon single specimens, I may here 
mention that his G. jwliums, the type of which I have not seen, 
appears to be exactly intermediate between the two extremely 
closely allied species 0, lucidus and Q. plagosus^ tending to show 
that G. lucidus is only a Few-Zealand race of G. plagosus. 

Hal. Northern Australia, New Guinea, Amboina, My sol, Goram. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. Cape York. Gould Coll. 
(Types of G. russata, Gould.) 

d} e. Imm. sk.
/. Ad. sk.
g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk.
i. J ad. sk. 
Cape York (J. T. Gockerell). 
Cape York. 
Aleya, S.E. New Guinea,
April (Dr. James), 
Port Moresby, New Guinea. 
Mysol. 
Salvin-Godroan Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
(Type of species.) 

10. Chalcococcyx raficoUis. 
Lamprococeyx ruficollis, Sahad. Ann. 3Iz/s. Civ. Gen. 187o, p. 913, 
1878, p. 460• id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 353 (1880). 

Adult (type of species). Yery similar to C. pceeilurus, but differs 
in having the lores, cheeks, chin, and entire throat bright rufous, 
with greenish-brown bars on the lower throat; the outer tail-
feather on each side having the pale bars entirely rufous with no 
white spots. Total length 5*7 inches, oilmen 0*55, wing 3*7, tail 
2-7, tarsus 0*5. (Mus. Genov.) 

Bab. The Arfak Mountains in N."W. New Guinea. 

11 . CHALCOCOCCYX. 
11. Chalcococcyxpceciluroid.es. 
Lamprococcyx sp., Sahad. Atti R. Ace. Tor. xiii. p. 317 (1878). 
Lamprococcyx poeciluroides, Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1878, 

p. 4C0 ; id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. ;>53 (1880). 
Adult (type of species). Very similar to C. poeeilurus, but differing 

in the metallic colours of the crown being brighter and greener, and 

the back aHd^ri»g^j^rigQter and more fiery colour; beneath, the 

metallic bars less numerous r under -wing-coverts buffy white, 

without bars; white on the tail conned to a spot on each of the 

two basal pale bars of outer tail-feather. Total length 5*2 inches, 

culmen 0-55, wing 3*3, tail 2*5, tarsus 0-6. {Mas. Genov.) 

Hah. JNTew Gruinea. 

12. Chalcococcyx misorensis. 
Lamprococcyx mi«oriensis, Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1875, p. 914, 
1878, p. 46') ; id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 354 (1880), 

Adult (type of species). Very similar to C. jpoecilurus, but 

differing in having the bill slightly wider at the base; the upper 

parts slightly greener; under wing-coverts uniform white without 

bars as in C. poeciluroides: tail beneath nearly uniform brown, 

partially washed with rufous and with a partial dark subterminal 

bar. Total length 5*6 inches, culmen 0*6, wing 3*5, tail 2-6, 

tarsus 0*6. (Mus. Genov.) 

Hah. Misori Island in the Bay of Geelvink. 

13. Chalcococcyx crassirostris. 
Chrysococcyx lucidus, part., 
S. Mull. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Land-en 
Volkenk. p. 234, note 6 (Amboyna, 1839-44). 
Cuculus palliolatus, ScJdeg. (nee Lath.), Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 34 
(Amboyna, 1864). 
Lamprococcyx crassirostris, Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 460 
(1878), xiv. n. 642 (1879); id. Orn. Papuasia, p. 355 (1880). 
? Ouculus crassirostris, Briigg. Abkandl. nat. Ver. Brem. v. p. 59 
(1876). 

Adult (type of species). Crown huffish brown, passing into metallic 
green on the nape, back of neck, and back ; the interscapular regions 
mottled with deep bluish green; the lower back mottled with 
rufous buff; lesser wing-coverts golden green; remainder of the 
coverts rufous buff, mottled on the median series with metallic 
green, forming bars on one of the centre feathers, which has a 
white instead of a buff ground ; quill dark brown, with pale edges ; 
tail brown strongly washed with metallic green, and with a dark 
subterminal bar and a white terminal spot on the inner webs of all 
but the centre pair of feathers; outer feather white, with three 
broad blackish bars, the next somewhat similarly marked, but with 
the black portions much larger, the next two on each side with a 
portion of their inner webs rufous; sides of the forehead white; 

302 CTTCUXIDiE. 

ear-coverts pale brown, remainder of the sides of the head white 
like the entire underparts; sides of the lower throat and the sides 
of chest with rather obscure triangular dusky spots indicating bars 
and assuming- the form of bars on the flanks and thigh-coverts; under 
tail-coverts white, with an occasional dusky shaft-spot; under wing-
coverts white, slightly washed with rufous, and with a dusky patch 
next to the quills; quills pale brown, with a large white basal 
portion to the inner webs; bill black, legs leaden. Total length 
5-75 inches, culmen 0-6, wing 3-7, tail 2-5, tarsus 0-6. 

Hah. Goram, Amboina, ELalmahera, Ternate, Ke Islands, and 
New Guinea. 

a. Ad. sk. Halmaliera. Tweeddale Coll. 
12. COCCYZUS. 
Type. 
Coecyzus, Vieill. Analyse, p. 28 (1816) 0. americanus. 
Coccygus, Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 977 C. americanus. 
Coccygon, Glog. in Froriep's Notizen, xvi. p. 277 (1827) C. americanus. 
Coccysus, Savi, Orn, Toscana, i. p. 153 (1827) 0. americanus. 
Cureus, Boie, Isis, 1831, p. 541 C. americanus. 
Erythrophrys, Sioains. Class. B, ii. p. 322 (1837) .... 0. americanus. 
Ooccyguis, Nitzsch, Bterylogr. p. 130 (1840) C. americanus. 
Nesococcyx, Cab. $• Heme, Mies. Hein. iv. p. 79, note 

(1862) C. ferrugineus. 

Range. North America from about 49° N. lat., and South 
America, with the exception of the extreme south. 

Key to the Sjoecies. 

a. Tail fan-shaped. 
a\ Crown grey; back rufous. 
a". Darker, entire underparts tawny lansbergi, p. 303. 
b". Paler, underparts pale buff ferrugineus, p. 303. 


b'. Back not rufous; crown nearly similar in 
colour to the back. 
c". White ends to the tail-feathers broader, 
and with no subterminal black bars. 


a"'. Quills brown,- upper half of the 
head greyer; a broad black band 
through the eye; breast shaded 
with buff. 


a1. Basal half of the lower mandible 
orange-yellow. 


ab. Bill smaller and slighter, culmen 
less than 1*2 inches. Underparts 
paler. 


a6. Bill stouter. Underparts 
darker minor, p. 304. 
¥. Bill slighter. Underparts paler, maynardi, p. 306. 
b5. Bill larger and stouter, culmen 
1*3 inches. Underparts rufous 
.buff dominica, p. 306. 

12. COQCYZUS. 303 
bA. Bill entirely black melanocoryphm, p. 307. 

b'". Quills rufous; upper half of head not 
greyer than the back; no black 
Band on sides of head; breast white. 

c4. Smaller: bill shorter and more 
slender americanm, p. 308. 
d\ Larger: bill longer and stouter ., occidentalism p. 311. 
d". White ends to tail-feathers narrower 
and preoaded by a subterminal black 

^an(i

 r. ,.n enjthr•ophthalmus, p. 311. 
b. Tail square, with rather narrow white ends. 
c'. Throat ashy white cinereus, p. 312. 
d'. Throat rufous pumilus, p. 313. 
1. Coccyzus lansbergi. 
Coccyzus lansbergi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 112 (1850); Scl P. Z. S. 
1855, p. 163; Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 79, note; Schl. 
Mus. Paijs-Bas, Cuculi, p. 39 (1864); Scl P. Z. S. 1864, p. 122, 
1870, p. 169; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 210, no. 8919 (1870) ; Scl £ 
Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotr. p. 108 (1873). 

Adult. Upper half and sides of the head and back of neck uniform 
leaden grey, sharply contrasting with the back and wings, 
which are rufous, brightest on the outer portion of the wings, 
the quills shading into brown towards their ends; tail black, 
with a brown shade towards the base and with broad white 
ends to all but the centre feathers, which latter are only narrowly 
tipped with white * under surface nearly uniform tawny buff; under 
wing-coverts and basal margins of the inner webs of the quills 
rufous buff; bill black. Total length 10*5 inches, oilmen 1, wing 

4*6, tail 5*8, tarsus 1. 
Hal. Prom Panama to Colombia and Venezuela. 
a. (S ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk. 
Santa Martha, New Granada. 
Venezuela {Spence). 
Purchased. 
Sclater Coll. 
2. Coccyzus ferrugineus. 

Coccyzus ferrugineus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1843, p. 105; id. Zool Voy. 
' Sulphur,1 p. 40, pi. 29 (1844); Bp. Consp. i. p. 97, note (1850); 
Scl P. Z. S. 1870, p. 167; Gray, Handrl B. ii. p. 211, no, 8935 
(1870). 

Piaya ferruginea, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1846). 
Nesococcyx ferrugineus, Cab. 6} Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 79 (1862). 


Adult (type of species). Upper half of the head leaden grey; 
back, wings, and centre tail-feathers bright rufous; remainder of 
the tail-feathers brownish black with white ends, the white increasing 
in extent over the outer feathers ; under surface of body buff ; 
tinder wing-coverts of the same colour• quills rufous, shading into 
buff at their bases and into brown at the ends : " bill dark horncolour, 
with the basal half of the lower mandible yellowish; legs 
black" (Gould), Total length 11 inches, culmen 1-1, wing 5*1, 
tail 6*2, tarsus 1*2. 

304 
CTTCtrLIDJS. 

Hal. Confined to the Cocos Island in the Pacific Ocean west of 
Colombia. 

a. 
Ad. sk. Cocos Island, N. Pacific. Voy. H.M.S. l Sulphur/ 
(Type of species.) 
3. Coccyzus minor. (Plate XII. fig. 2.) 
Coucou des Paletuviers de Cayenne, Buff. PI Enl. p 613. 
Cuculus minor, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 411 (1768) ; Wald. Ibis, 1879, 


p. 336. 
Cuculus seniculus, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 219 (1790). 
Coucou, Azara, Apunt. Nat. Hist. Pax. ii. p. 267 (1805) j Hartl. 
Syst. Ind. Azara, p. 17 (1847), 

Coccyzus seniculus, 
Vieill. Enc. Mtth. iii. p. 1346 (1825); Neuwied, 
Beitr. Naturg. Bras. iv. p. 348 (1832) ; Nutt. Man. Orn. i. p. 558 
(1832); Aiidab. Orn. Biogr. ii. p. 390 (1834) ; id. B. Am. iv. 

p. 303, pi. 277 (1839) ; Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 281 (1847) ; Peak, 
U. S. Expl. Hayed, p. 134 (1848); Lembeye, Av. Cuba, p. 74 
(1850) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. Ill (1850) ; Burnt. Syst. Th. Bras. ii. 
p. 267 (1855); Salle, P. Z. S. 1857, p. 234; A. $ E. Newton, Ibis, 
1859, p. 150; Burm. Beis. La-Plata St. ii. p. 267 (1861); Scl. 
P. Z. S. 1861, p. 79 ; id. Cat. Am. B. p. 323 (1862) j Cab. $ Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 78, note (1862); Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, 
p. 38 (1864) ; Taylor, Ibis, 1864, p. 170; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 273 
(1871) ; Coues, Key N. Am. B. p. 190 (1872) ; Nutting, Pr. U. S. 
Nat. Mus. v. p. 401 (1882), vi. p. 376 (1883), vii. p. 388 (1884); 
Coues, Hey N. Am. B. 2nd ed. p. 476 (1884). 
Piaya 
minor, Less. Traits, p. 141 (1831); Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 59 (1864). 
Erythrophrys seniculus, Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. § N. Amer. p. 40 
(1838). 
Coccyzus minor, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1846); Cab. J.f.O. 1856, 

p. 104; Cass. U. S. Expl. Exped. 1858, p. 247; Baird, 
B. N. Am. 
p. 78 (1860) ; Leotaud, Ois. Trinid. p. 353 (1866); Gray, Hand-l. 
B. ii. p. 210, no. 8917 (1870); Scl. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 
166, 1871, 
p. 273 ; Semper, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 651; Baird, Brewer, $ Bidgw. 
Hist. N. Am. B. ii. p. 482 (1874) ; Scl. <$• Salv. Nomencl. Av. 
Neotr. p. 108 (1873) ; Lawr. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. i. pp. 62, 193, 
240, 272, 278, 359, 459,487 (1878) ; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 47; 
Scl. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 765; Cory, B. Bahamas, p. 117 (1880); Allen, 
Bull. Nutt Orn. Club, v. p. 164 (1880); Cory, op. cit. vi. p. 154 
(1881) ; Maynard, B. East. N. Am. p. 216 (1881); Bidgw. Pr. 
U. S. Nat. Mus. vii. p. 172 (1884) ; Cory, B. Haiti, p. 101 (1885); 
A. O. U. Chech-list, p. 207 (1886); Wells, Pr. U. S. 
Nat. Mus. 
ix. p. 620 (1887) ; Bidgw. Man. N. Am. B. p. 274 (1887) ; Cory, 
Auk, v. p. 180 (1881); Scott, Auk, vi. pp. 185, 250 (1889) ; Salv. 
Ibis, 1889, p. 373,1890, p. 88; Scl P. Z. S. 1889, pp. 326, 395 ; 
Cory, B. W. Ind. p. 160 (1889). 
Coccyzus helviventris, Cab. in Schomb. Beise Brit-Guiana, iii. p. 714 
(1848). 
Coccyzus dominicus (nee L.), Bp. Consp. p. 112 (1850): Scl. Cat. 
Am. B. p. 323 (1862). 
Coccyzus nesiotes, Cab. Mm. Hein. iv. p. 78, note (1862) ; Scl P. Z. S. 
1864, p. 121; E. C. Taylor, Bis, 1864, p. 170 ; Gray, Hand-l B. 

ii. p. 210, no. 8918 (1870). 
Coccystes seniculus, Sundev. (Efv. K. Vet.-Ak. Fork, 1869, p. 599. 
12. coccrzus. 
305 
Adult Upper half of the head leaden grey, with a broad blackish 
band through the eye extending from the nostril to over the ear-
coverts ; the grey of the crown passing gradually into brown on the 
remainder of the upper parts and slightly glossed with olive on the 
centre tail-£eathers, remainder of the tail-feathers dusky black with 
broad white ends; under surface of body buff; under wing-coverts 
and basal margins to tW quills buff; remainder of tbe quills brown: 
" bill black, with more than lieJf of the lower mandible yellow ; iris 
hazel; legs greyisb blue" (G. B: &aumer)t Total length 12**6 
inches, culmen 1*1, wing 5, tail 6*7, tarsus 1*1. 

Hah. Coast of Louisiana, throughout Central America and the 
Antilles, ranging from Mexico, to Panama and Colombia, Venezuela, 
Guiana, down to the Lower Amazons. 

a. 
§ ad. sk. Tampico, Mexico, Feb. (IF. B. Salvin-Goduian Coll. 
Richardson).
b. 
$ ad. sk. Dos Arroyos (1000 ft.), State Salvin-Godman Coll. 
of Guerrero, Sept. (Mrs. JBL. 
H. Smith). 
c 5 ad. sk. Cacoprieto, Tehuantepec, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
dy e. Ad. sk. 
(F. Sumichrast). 
Temax, Yucatan (G. F. Gaur-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
/ , p. Ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
it k} L Ad. sk. 
m. Ad. sk. 
?ner). 
Cozumel Island (G. F. Gaumer). 
Buctzotz, April (G. F. Gaumer). 
Ruatan Island (G. F. Gaumer). 
Puerto Cahello, Honduras (G. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. 
o. Ad. sk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
q. Ad. sk. 
r. Ad. sk. 
s, tf ad. sk. 
t Ad. sk. 
u. 2 ad. sk. 
M. Whiteley). 
Chiriqui, Yeragua. 
Bogota. 
British Guiana. 
South America. 
Trinidad. 
Grenada, W. I. (F. A. Ober). 
St. Vincent (F. A. Ober). 
Santa Lucia, April (Ramage). 
Captains Kellett & 
Wood [P.]. 
Purchased. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Zoological Society. 
Salvin-Godman Coll 
Sclater Coll. 
West Indian Committee. 
v, w, x. Ad. sk. 
y. 5 ad. sk. 
z. Ad. sk. 
a', b'. $ ad. sk. 
Santa Lucia (Semper). 
Martinique (F. A. Ober). 
Montserrat (Sturge). 
Virgin Gorda, Nov., Dec. (C. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d'. Ad. sk. 
$ ad. sk. 
B. Cory). 
Porto Rico (Dr. Bryant). 
Puerta Plata, San Domingo, 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
f, g'. Ad. sk.
h'} H. Ad. sk.
h'-o'. Ad. sk.
Nov. (C. B. Cory). 
, . 
Sa
SaSan
nn Domingo 
DomingoDomingo.
.. ~ 
Jamaica
JamaicaJamaica, Peb
PebPeb. 
Jamaica
JamaicaJamaica.
.. 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Philip Gosse, Esq. 
[o.]. 
p'. Sternum. Jamaica. Philip Gosse, Esq. 
[O]. 

I have recognized two closely allied subspecies, as they each 
present slight but constant characters, and all three forms of 
VOL. xix.

306 CUCULTIWE. 

C. minor possess a distinct geographical range. They are: C. 
maynardi, separated by Mr. Ridgway from 0. minor on account 
of its small size, especially the "bill, and paler underparts* and 
C. dominicce, only known to me by three specimens in the British 
Museum, labelled Dominica. The latter form differs from 0. minor 
in being more robust, with the bill much stronger, the colours richer, 
and the underparts rufous buff. 
Subsp. a. Coccyzus maynardi. (Plate XII. fig. 3.) 

? Coccyzus sp. ?, Dwiffht, Auk, iv. p. 16 (1887). 
Coccyzus maynardi, Ridgw. Man. JSf. Am. B. p. 274 (1887); Cory, 
Auk, v. p. 159 (1888) ;< Chapman, t. c.p. 396. 
Coccyzus minor maynardi; Scott, Auk, vi. p. 250 (1889). 

Adult. " Smaller, and with lower parts much paler in colour; 
posterior lower parts buff (sometimes quite pale and never approaching 
the deep ochraceous tint of C. minor); anterior lower parts (chin, 
throat, and chest) pale ashy or greyish white, paler anteriorly, tbe 
throat usually more or less tinted with buff: length 11*75-12*25, 
wing 5-05-5*35 (5-23), tail 6-25-6-90 (6'65), exposed culmen 0-98 
-1-15 (1*06), depth of bill near base 0*33-0-40 (0-36)." {Ridgway.) 

Hab. Bahama and Florida Keys, Jamaica and San Domingo. 

a. c? ad. sk. Key West,Florida, May (Atkins). Salvin-Godman Coll 
b. Ad. sk. Tampa, Florida (Stewart). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Bahamas (Blake). Sclater Coll. 
dAd.sk. " San Domingo (Salle). Sclater Coll. 
e. § ad. sk. Westmoreland, Jamaica, Aug. Sclater Coll. 
(Osburn). 

Subsp. b. Coccyzus dominicae. (Plate XII. fig. 1.) 

Adult male. Similar to C. minor, but more robust, the bill much 
stronger, and the colouring brighter * a broad black end to the centre 
tail-feathers, and the dark portions of the others jet-black • throat, 
breast, and under tail-coverts uniform rufous buff, with no shade of 
grey on the sides of the throat. Total length 12-5 inches, culmen 
1*3, wing 5*7, tail 7*1, tarsus 1*15. 

Adult female. Underparts slightly paler and with a trace of grey 
on the sides of the throat. Total length 12*6 inches, culmen 1*3, 
wing 5-5, tail 6*8, tarsus 1*15. 

A third specimen labelled " male " is similar to the female. Total 
length 12-5 inches, culmen 1*3, wing 5*4, tail 6-8, tarsus 1*15 

Hab. The islands of Dominica and Porto Rico. 

a, I. tfad.; c. J Dominica, Jan., Feb. (Ramage). West Indian Comad. 
sk. mittee. 

d. Ad. sk. Porto Rico (Dr. Bryant.) Salvin-Godman Coll. 
12 . COCCTZTTS. 
307 
4. Coccyzus melanocorypbiis. 
Oenicientu, Azara, Ajmnt ii. p. 388 (1805) ; Marti Syst Incl Azara, 

p. 17(1847). 
Goeevzus nielanocorvphus. Vieill. Xouv. Diet. cTHist, Xat. yiii. p. 271 
(1817) ; id. JSno. Metli. lii. p. 1344 (1825); Scl Cat Am. B. p. 323 
(1862); Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Mem. iv. p. 77, note (1862),-Sell 
Mus. Pays-Bas, Cueuli, p. 38 (1804) ; Scl P. Z. S. 1864, p. 122, 
1806, p. 100• id. £ Sah. t c. p. 105, 1867, pp. 752, 070, 1860, 

p. G:J3; Scl. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 168 • Gray, Mand-l B. ii. p. 210, 
no. 8916 (1870); Feb. Orn. Bras. p. 273 (1871); Set. # Salv. 
Xo/nencl. Av. Xeotr. p. 108 (1873); Barroios,Auk, i. p. 28 (1884); 
Tacz. Orn. Firou, ill. p. 189'(1836); Willington, Ibis, 1883, p. 468; 
Scl. £ Mudson, Argent Orn. ii. p. 38 (1889). 
Cuculus seniculus (nee Lath.). Neuwied, Beitr. Naturg. 
Bras. iv. 

p. 348 (1830). 
Cuculus melanorhynchus, Cim. Mm. Faris. 
Piaya melanorhynchus, Less. Traiie, p. 141 (1831). 
Piava melacorvpha, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1846) * Leotowl, Ois. 
frinid. p. 3l9 (186(5). 
Coccyzu» minor (nee Gm.)7 Mart I Lid. Azara, p. 19 (1847). 
Coccyzus cinereus (nee V.), Bp. Consp. i. p. 112 (1850). 
Coccyzus melanocoryphos, Pucker. Itei\ et Mag. Zool. 1852, p. 470. 
Coccyzus burniculu^ Burm. St/st, Uebers. Tlu Bras. ii. p. 267 (1855); 

id. J. f. 0. 1860, p. 244 * id. lieis. La-Flata, ii. p. 444 (1801), 

Adult male. Yery similar to O. minor^ but with, the bill entirely 
black and the black band through the eye not so sharply defined; 
iris grey; feet lead-colour. Total length 10*8 Inches, oulmen 1, 
wing 4*7, tail 6, tarsus 1. 

The centre tail-feathers have often, but not generally, dark ends. 
Occasionally specimens hare a yellowish patch at the base of the 
lower mandible. A sign of immaturity is seen in the narrow rufous 
edges to the quills and upper tail-coverts and the brown mottling 
of the grey crown. 

Mob. From Southern Brazil and Argentina, west to Peru and 
north to Guiana and the island of Trinidad. 

a. Ad. sk. Cayenne. 
Sclater Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Bartica Grove, Sept. (M. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Whitely). 
e. 2 
a*L sk. B. Yuruani, British Guiana, SaMn-Godman Coll. 
June (M. Whitely). 
d. <$ ad. sk. Caracas,Venezuela^. Goering). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e,f. Ad. sk. Ecuador (C. Buckley), Salvin-Godman Coll. 
g. Ad. sk. Sarayacu, E. Peru. E. Bartlett, Esq. [C.]. 
A, i. S ad.; k, I Upper Ueayali, June, July (JB. Sclater Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Bartlett). 

m. Ad. sk. Lima (Nation). Sclater Coll. 
n,o. S ? ad. sk. Pebas, E. Peru, July (J. Maux-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
well). 
p-u. <J 2 ®d. sk. Yquitos, Peru, May, June, July, Seebohm Coll. 
Aug., Oct. (M. Whitely). 
v, wf x. Ad. sk. Brazil. Seebohin ColL 

y. 
Ad. sk. Pernambuco (Craven). Sclater ColL 
x2 
CTTCT)XII>.2E. 

a, a'. Ad. sk, Balria, Brazil (Dr. Wueherer). SiMu-Cxodtnan Ooll. 
Z/. Ad. sk. Bio, Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
x?'. Ad. sk. Bolivia, April (H. H. Smith). Salviii-G-odman Coll. 


d' e'. S ad.; f. Conehitas, Buenos Ayre*, Nov., Sclater Coll. 


J ad. sk. l Dec. ( W. H Hudson). 
g'. 5ad.sk. Belgrano, Buenos Ayres, Marcli. 11. Durnford, Esq. 

ti. Ad.sk, Punta Lara, Buenos Ayres, Nov. II. Buraford, Esq. 
[C], 

5. Coccyzus americanus. 
Coucou de S. Domingue, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 110, pi. 9. fig. 2 (1760). 
Ooticou de la Caroline, Briss. t. c. p. 112; Daubent. PI. Enl. % i. pi. 810. 
Cuculus americanus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 170 ; Temm. Tabl. Meth. 

p. 52 (1838); JVald. Ibis, 1809, p. 335; Harting, Handb. Brit. B. 
p. 124 (1872). 
Cuculus dominicus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 170 (1766)*; Wcdd. Ibis, 
1869, p. 335. 
Cuculus carolinensis, Wils. Am. Orn. iv. p. 13, pi. 28. fig. 1 (1811); 
Gould, B. Eur. pi. 242 (1837). 
Coccyzus pvrrhopterus, VieilL Nouv. Diet Hist. Nat. viii. p. 270 
(1817); id. Enc. Meth. iii. p. 1343 (1825). 
Coccyzub americanus, Bp. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. iii. pt. 2, 

p. 267 (1824); Audubon, Orn. Biogr. i. p. 18 (1831); Nutt. Man. 
i. p. 551 (1832) ; Jard. ed. Wilson, Am.Om. p. 1, pi. 28. ^g. 1 (1832); 
Thorny P. Z. S. 18357 p. 84,-Gould, B. Eur. iii. pi. 242 (1837) ; 
Audubon, B. Am. iv. pi. 275 (1839) ; Yarr. Hist. Brit. B. (2) ii. 
p. 204 (1845); Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 279 (1847) ; Audubon, Orn. 
Biogr. v. p. 52 (1849) ; Thompson, Nat Hist. Ireland, i. p. 305 
(1849); Bp. Consp. I p. Il l (1850); Macgill. Hist. Brit. B. iii. 
p. 137 (1850) ^ Yarr. Hist. Brit. B. (3) ii. p. 209 (185G) ; A. <§• E. 
Newt. Ibis, 1859, p. 149 ; Janet, Nat. Hist. Bermuda, pp. 33, 68 
(1859); Baird, B. N. Am. p. 70 (I860); JScl $ Salv. Ibis, 1860, 
p. 48; G. C, Taylor, i. c. p. 118; Scl P. Z. S. 1860, p. 252; id. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 322 (1862) ; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 75 
(1862); Cab. Jf. 0.1862, p. 107; Scl. P. Z. S. 1864, pp. 120,177, 
366; Schl. Mus. Fays-Bus, Cuculi, p. 37 (1864) ; Dresser, Ibis, 
1805, p. 467; Leotaud, Ois. Trinid. p. 350 (1866) ; Baird, Ibis, 
1867, pp. 285, 288 ; JScl. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 165 ; Gtai/, Hand-l B. 
ii. p. 210, no. 8914; Cooper, Orn. Calif, p. 371 (1870) ; Dresser, 
P. Z. S. 1871, p. 299; JScl. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 496 ; Coues, Hey N. 
Am. B. p. 190 (1872); Scl. $ Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 108 
(1873) j Baird, Brewer, 8; Bidgw. Hist. N, Amer. B. ii. p. 477 
(1874); Coues, B. North-West, p. 275 (1874); JScl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 
1875, p. 237 ; Dresser, B. Eur. v. p. 227, pi. 301. Rg. 2 (1876); 
Allen, Bull Nutt. Orn. Club, ii. p. 110 (1877); Bidgw. Bull. Nutt. 
Orn. Club, iii. p. 165 (1878); Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 537; 
Bidgw. Br. U. S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 150 (1879); Brown, Bull. Mitt. 
Orn. Club,iv. p. 11 (1879); Scott, t. c. p. 146; Loornis, t. c. p. 216; 
Dalgleish, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, v. p. 73 (1880); Maynard, B. 
East. N. Am. p. 216 (1881); Merriam, Bull Nutt. Orn. Club, vi. 

p. 232 (1881) ; Cory, B. Bahama, p. 117 (1881); Bidgw. Bull. 
Nutt. Orn. Club, vii. p. 17 (1882); Widman, t. c. p. 56; Hay, t c. 
p. 93; Beckham, t. c. p. 164; Nehrling, t. c. p. 178; B. O. TJ. 
List Brit. B. "p. 84 (1883); Bretvster, Bull. Nutt Orn. Club, viii. 
p. 26 (1883) ; Bailey, t c. p. 40; Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B, ii. p. 390, 
12. COCCYZITS. 
300 
pi. 08 (1883); (bun, Key N. Am. 11 p. 170 (1884); Drew, Auk, 

ii. p. 17 (1885); Agersbory, t. c. p. 283; Ttow, iV. TL 8. Nat. 
Mm. \iii. p. 242 (1885); i?/^ . ZV. U. 8. Nat. Mas. ix. p. 102 
(1880); J. 0. r. Checklist,'p. 208 (1880); <7/V///o//, ^». iW. 
p. 211 (1880); Breioster, Auk, iii. p. 104 (1880) ; Salmd. Elene, 
Ucc. Ital p. 73 (1887) ; i&Vfyw. jlto. 2V". -4M. 7>\ }). 273 (1887); 
Davison, Auk, v. p. 26;j (1888); Willington, Ibi\ 1888, p. 408; 
7rVm*, tf. PenmyJ. p. 119 (1888); &fr. 26w, 1889, p. 372; 
JFWYdw, t. c. p. 180 ; liVem. Auk, vi. p. 22 (1889); Jtferies, t. c. 

p. 120; ticott,tc. p. 250; Pindar, t. c. p. 313; Sol.'$ Hudson, 
Argent. Om.ii.y. 37 (1889). 

Cuculus cirierosns, Werner, Atlas, Zygod. pi, 4 (1827). 

Piaya americana, Zm . TraiU, p. 142 (1831). 

Cureus atuoricanua, 
i?t>&, jfo*s, 1831, p. 541, 1832, p. 901, pi. 20; 

2?p. Otf. £fa\ -Ewr. p. 50 (1842). 

Cuculus cinerosus, Temm. Man. Orn. iii. p. 277 (1835). 

Erythrophrys carolineusfo, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 322 (1837). 

Erythrophrys americanus, Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. § N. Am, p. 40 

(1838). 

Coecystes americanus, Keys. § Bias. Wirb. Eur. p. 34 (1840). 

Coccyzus carolinensis, If Orb. in Sagra^s Hist. Nat. Cuba, Ois. p. 150 

(1840). 
Piaya clominica, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1840). 
Coccyzus dominicus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 112 (1850); Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, 

p. 234 ; Baird, Pr. Ac. Pliilad. 1803, p. 04; March, t. c. p. 154. 
Coccyzus flavirostris, Glog. J. /. 0. 1854, p. 223, note. 
Coecystes julieni, Lawr. Ami. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 42 (1804). 
Coccyzus bairdi, Set. P. Z. S. 1804, p. 120; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. 
p. 211. no. 8923 (1870); Peh. Orn. Bras. p. '273 (1871); Scl. 
P. Z. S.1872, p. 400. 
Coccyzus julieni, Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 211, no. 8924 (1876). 
Coccyzus culeri, Cab. J. f. 0.1873, p. 73. 
Adult. Above brown, slightly glossed with olive on the mantle 
and centre tail-feathers ; remainder of the tail dusky black with 
broad white ends; quills rufous, browner on their outer webs, and 
with broadish brown terminal portion; sides of the forehead and 
eyebrows slightly washed with grey; ear-coverts generally rather 
darker brown than the crown ; cheeks and entire imderparts white; 
under wing-covcrts white, very slightly tinted with buff; under 
surface of the quills as above, only paler, especially towards the 
coverts : upper mandible dark horn, pale below the nostrils, lower 
mandible orange-yellow with a dark tip ; iris dark brown ; legs 
leaden grey. Total length 11 inches, culmen 1, wing f>*5, tail 0, 
tarsus 1. 

Hah. The greater part of temperate Forth America, Central 
America, and the Antilles, ranging as far south as the Argentine 
Republic. Found as a straggler in Europe. 

a. 
<5 ad. bk. Kenwood, 111., Aug. (II. K. JX. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
Coale). [P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. Englewood, 111.. Sept. (E. IF, Henshaw Coll. 
Kelson). [S.-G.]. 
c. 
2 ad.sk. Locust Grove. N. Y., July(C. X. Hehshaw Coll. 
Bass). [S.-G.]. 
i, e. ? a& sk.

fig. tfad.; A, i,fa 
$ ad. sk. 
I, m. S ad.; n-q. 
$ ad. sk. 
r, s. Ad. sk. 

i-x. <$ ad.; y. J 
ad. sk, 

& Ad. sk. 
«'. c? ad. sk. 


5'. $ ad. sk. 

c', d'. 5 ad. sk. 

e'. tf ad. sk. 

f,g',h'. cfad.sk. 

e'. Ad. sk. 
7s'. Ad. sk. 


J1, »*'. c? $ ad. sk. 

n\ of. (S ad. sk. 

p\ <$ ad. sk. 

<?'. c? ad. sk. 

r'. Ad. sk. 
s'. $ ad. sk. 


t'-io'. Ad. sk. 

#'. Ad. sk. 
y\ z', a". Ad. sk. 
6". Ad. sk. 

c'. $ ad. sk. 
d". Ad. sk. 
^". Ad. sk. 
f", g'\ Ad. sk. 
/,". $ ad. sk. 
i". rf ad.; h", Z". 

§ ad. sk. 
m'^n'^o". Ad.sk. 

f. Ad. sk. 
?". Ad. sk. 
r". Ad. sk. 
$". Sternum. 
OXrCTTLIDJE. 

 Massachusetts, May, June. 

New Haven, Connecticut, May 

(A. J. Bay mi). 
"Washington, B.C., May, July-
Sept. 
District of Columbia, Aug. (F. 
Coues). 

Tarpon Springs, Florida, April, 
May, Sept., Oct. (W. F. B. 
Scoit). 

Louisiana. 
Camp Lowell, Arizona, Aug. 


(F. Stephens). 
Moctezuma, State of Sonora, 
Aug. (Ferrari-Perez). 
Hidalgo, Texas, April (F. B. 
Armstrong). 
Brownsville, Texas, May (F. B. 
Armstrong). 
Nuevo Leon, May (F. B. 

Armstrong). 
City of Mexico ( White). 
Tampico, Mexico, June (W. B. 

BicJiardson), 

Xicotencla, Tamaulipas, May 

( W. B. Richardson). 
Calvillo, Aguas Calientes, Aug. 
( W. B. Richardson). 
Las Vigas, Canton de Jalapa, 
Aug. (Ferrari-Perez). 
Plan del Hio, Canton de Jalapa, 
Aug. (Ferrari-Perez). 
Jalapa (de Oea). 
La Antigua, Vera Cruz, Sept. 

(X Trujillo). 
Cozumel Island, April (G. F. 

Gaumer). 
Ruatan Island (G. F. Gaumer). 
Jamaica (March). 
Jamaica. 

St. Croix, June (A. Neioton). 
Trinidad. 
Central America. 
Buefias, Guatemala, Sept.(0.8.), 
Panama (J. McLeannan). 
Metlellin, Antioquia (T. K. 


Salmon). 

Bogota. 
Intac, Ecuador (C. Buckley). 
Bahia, Brazil. 
Buenos Ayres (TV. II. Hudson). 
Jamaica. 


Henskaw Coll. 

[S.-G.]. 
Henshaw Coll. 
[S-G.]. 
Henshaw Coll. 

[S.-G.]. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godinan Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

R. B. Skarpe, Esq. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Sclater ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman Coll, 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman Coll* 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater ColL 

(Type of C. bairdi.) 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Zoological Society. 
Biocour Coll. 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 

Salvin-Godman ColL 
Salvin-Godman ColL 
Seebolmi Coll. 
Sclater ColL 
Philip Gosse, Esq. 

fC.J 

12. coocxzcrs. 311 
Subsp. a. Coccyzus occidentalis. 

Coccyzus americanus occidentalis, Ridyioay, Man. N. Am. Bt 1887, 

p. 273 ; Chapman, Auk, v. p. 396 (1888). 
" Larger, with proportionally larger and stouter bill: length 12*30 
-13-50, depth of bill through base *37~*40." (B. Ridgiuay.) 
Hah. Western United States, north to Oregon, east to New 
Mexico and Colorado, south over tablelands to Mexico. (Ridgiuay,) 

6. Coccyzus eryt&ropbtlialmus. 
Cuculus erythrophthalmus, Wils. Am, Orn. iv. p. 16, pi. 28. fig. 2 
(1811); Staph. Gen. Zool xiv. p. 208 (1826); Harting, Handb. 
Brit. B. p. 124 (1872). 

Coccyzus doniinicus (nee L.), Nutt. Man. Orn. i. p. 556 (1832). 

Coccyzus erythrophtlialmus, Bp. Journ. Acad. Philad. iii. p. 307, pi. 2 
(1824) ; Audubon, Orn. Biogr. i. p. 170 (1831), v. p. 523 (1839); 
id. B. Am. iv. p. 300, pi. 276 (1830); Zembeije, Av. Cuba, p. 73 
(1850); Bp. Consp. i. p. Il l (1850),-Glog. J. f. O. 1854, p. 224; 
Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 214, 1859, p. 252; Baird, N. Am. B. ii. 

p. 484 (1860) ; id. B. N. Am. p. 77 (1860); Sato. $ Scl. Ibis, 
I860, p. 276; Scl. Cat Am. B. p. 323 0862); Cab. % Seine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 76, note (1862) ; Schl Mas. Pays-Pas, Cuculi, 
p. 37 (1864); Sol. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 122; LSotaud, On. Trin. p. 352 
(1866); Baird, Bis, 1867, pp. 278, 285; Selys, Ibis, 1870, p. 452; 
Scl. P. Z. S.1870, p. 168; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 210, no. 8915 
(1870); Scl. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 681; Coues, Key N. Am. B. p. 190 
(1872); Scl. et Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotr. p. 108 (1873); iid. 

P. Z. S. 1873, p. 296 ; Gould, Introd. B. CM. Brit. p. xcv (1873) ; 
Baird, Brewer, fy Ridqw. Hist. N. Aon. B. ii. p. 484 (1874); Coues, 
B. North- West, p. 274 (1874); Dresser, B. Eur. v. p. 231, pi. 301. 
&g. 1 (1876); Scott, Bull. Mitt Orn. Club, iv. p. 146 (1876) ; 
Loomis, t c. p. 216; Tacz. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 328 ; Breiost Bull 
Mitt Orn. Club, iii. p. 178 (1878) ; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, 
p. 537; Roberts § Bretost Bull Nutt. Orn. Club, v. p. 16 (1880); 
Balgleish, t. c. p. 73; Maynard, B. East N. Am. p. 216 (1881); 
Merriam, Bull Nutt Orn. Club, vi. p. 232 (1881) ; Ridgw. op. cit 
vii. p. 18 (1882); Widman, t c. p. 56; Batchelder, t. c. p. 150 ; 
Nehrling, t. c. p. 172; King, t c. p. 188 ; B. O. U. List Brit B. 
p. 85 (1883); Seebohn, Hist Brit. B. ii. p. 39, pi. 68; Bailey, 
Bull Nutt Orn. Club, viii p. 40 (1883) ; Coues, Key N. Am. B. 
p. 475 (1884); Butcher, Auk, i. pp. 178, 179 (1884); Turner, 
Pr. XT. S. Nat Mus. viii. p. 243 (1885) ; Agersborg, Auk, ii. p. 283 
(1885); A. O. U. Check-list, p. 208 (1886) ; Tacz. Orn. Pirou, 
iii. p. 189 (1886); Law. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. V± p. 477(1886); 
Seaton, Auk, iii. p. 155 (1886); Salvad. Elenc. Ucc. Ital p. 73 
(1887); Ridgw. Man. N. Am. B. p. 274 (1887); Warren, B. 
Pennsylv. p. 120 (1888); Davison, Auk, v. p. 263 (1888) ; Everm. 
Auk, vi. p. 22 (1889) ; Faxon, t. c. pp. 44,149,151; Jeferies, t. c. 
p. 120; Scott, t. c. p. 250; Pindar, t. c. p. 323; Salvin, Ibis, 1889, 
p. 373. 
Adult Yery similar to C. americanus, but differs in the almost 
entire absence of rufous on the quills, which have their inner webs 

312 
CTTCULID^. 

only basally wasted with rufous buff; the tail is paler, the feathers 

have a black subterminal bar and narrow white ends : bill entirely 

black or with a yellowish patch on the keel of the lower mandible"; 

iris brown; legs leaden grey. Total length 11*2inches, culmen 0*9, 

wing 5*3, tail 6-4, tarsus 095. 

Hah. North America south of 49° N. lat., extending south to 

Colombia and the islands of Cuba and Trinidad. 

a, b, o. Ad. sk. Foit DufTerin, June. N. A. Bound. Commission. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Michigan. Prof. Steere [P.". 


f. 
Ad. sk. South Chicago, July. Henshaw Coll." 
[S.-G.]. 
g. Inim. sk. Leyden, Lewis Co., New York, Henshaw Coll. 
Sept. (C. H. Merriam). [S.-G.1 
h. Ad.sk. Locust Grove, N. Y.(C.H.MX Henshaw Coll. 
[4-G.]. 
i~m, Ad. sk. Massachusetts, May, June Henshaw Coll. 


(C. H. M.). ' [S.-G.]. 
n, o. c5 ad.; p-t. New Haven, Connecticut, May Henshaw Coll. 
$ ad.sk. {A.J.Dayan$C.HMerriam). [S.-G.]. 
u-cL d ad. sk. Washington, D. C, Mav, Julv, Henshaw Coll. 
Aug. {H. W. JET.). * " [S.-G.]. 
?/. Ad. sk. Stone's lot, District of Colom- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
bia, Sept. (D. W. Prentiss), 
c', d'. $ ad.; ef. Corpus Chiisti, Texas (F. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Armstrong). 
/' . Ad. sk. Acapulco, State of Guerrero, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Mexico, Sept. (Mrs. H. H. 

Smith). 

g\ 
Ad. sk. Dos Arroyos (1000 ft.), State Salvin-Godman Coll. 
of Guerrero, Sept. (Mrs. 

H. H. Smith). 
1L Ad. sk. Cozumel Island, May (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gaitmer). 
i'. Ad. sk. Guatemala (Constancia). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
7c', I'. Ad.sk. Duenas, Guatemala. Oct., Nov. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(0. S.). 
m', nf. 2 ad. sk. Medellin, Antioquia, U. S. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Colombia (T. K Salmon). 
o\ p\ qf. Ad. sk. New Granada. Seebohm Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Bogota. Sclater Coll. 
a'. Ad. sk. Ohamicuros, Eastern Peru, Gould Coll. 


Sept. 

7. Coccyzxts cinerens. 
Coceyzus cinereus, Vieill Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat viii, p. 272 (1817); 
Pucker. JRev. et Mag. Zool. 1852, p. 477 ; Btmn. Th. Bras. ii. 

p. 268 (1854-56) ; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 77, note (1802); 
Scl. F.Z.S. 1864, p. 120 j Bwm. F.Z.S. 1868, p. 634; Scl. 8c 
Sah. F.Z.S. 1869, p. 638; Scl. F.Z.S. 1870, p. 169; Gray, 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 211, no. 8920 (1870) ; Sol § Sah. Nomencl. Av. 
Neotrop, p. 108 (1873); Bairows, Auk, i. pv28 (1884); B'ithmg
13. trEODYNAMIS. 
313 

ton, Ibis, 1888, p. 4C8; 8cL $ Hudson, Argent. Orn. ii. p. 38, 
pi. 13(1880). r 
Piaya cinerea, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (184G). 

Adult. Upper half of the head grey, passing into ashy brown on 
the back and mantle, and becoming browner on the quills and tail, 
the latter shading into blackish towards the end • all but the centre 
tail-feathers narrowly tipped with white; sides of the head like the 
crown, gradually passing into ashy white on the throat and front 
half of the chest; remainder of the body white, with a buff shade 
on the under tail-coverts ; axillaries, tinder wing-coverts, and basal 
portion of the inner webs of the primaries buff, remainder of the 
quills ashy brown : bill black, with a pale basal portion to the 
under mandible. Total length 10 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 4-3, 
tail 4*6, tarsus 0*9. 

Hob. The Argentine Eepublic and Paraguay, ranging possibly 
into Chili. 

a. Ad. sk. Chili? 
Zoological Society. 
b. 2 
ad. sk. Conchitas, Buenos Ayres, Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
Dec. (W. H. Hudson), 
e, d. 
(S 2 ad. sk. Conchitas, Nov., Dec. ( W. II Sclater Coll. 
Hudson). 

8. Coccyzus pumilus. 
Coccyzus 
pumilus, Strickl. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 28, pi. 82; Cab. § 
Heine, Mus. Hern. iv. p. 79, note (1862); Set. Cat. Aon. JB. p. 323 
(1862) ; id. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 122, 1870, p. 169 ; Gray, IIand-1. 

B. ii, p. 211, no. 8922 (1870); SeL <§• Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotr. 
p. 108 (1873) ; Barrows, Auk, i. p. 28 (1884) ; Sol <§• Hudson, 
Argent. Orn. ii. p. 89 (1889). 
Adult. Forehead and crown grey, slightly tinted with rufous on 
the sides and gradually shading into ashy brown on the back and 
mantle; wings and tail slightly browner, the latter shading into 
black on the terminal portion, the ends of the feathers narrowly 
tipped with white ; sides of the head, chin, throat, and front of the 
chest bright rufous; remainder of the body, the tail and wing-
coverts, and a basal inner margin to the quills buff; bill black. 
Total length 7 inches, culmen 0-75, wing 3*7?, tail 3'5, tarsus 0-9. 

Hab. The Island of Trinidad, Venezuela and Colombia. 

a. 2 ad. sk. Santa F^, Bogota. Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Trinidad. Sclater Coll. 
13. URODYNAMIS. Type 
Urodynamis, Sahad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 370 (1880) .. U. taitiensis. 
Jlanr/e. The islands of the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand and the 
Solomon Archipelago. 

814 CTTCULID2E, 

1. Urodynamis taitiensis. 
Le Coucou brim varie de noir, Month. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 376 

(1779). 

Society Cuckoo, Lath. Gen. Syn. ii. p. 514 (1782). 

Cuculus taitiensis, Sparrm. Mus. Carls, ii. pi. 32 (1787); Vieill Ene. 

Meth. p. 1320(1823); Sunchv. Krit. Framst. p. 8 (1858) ; Wald. 

Ibis, 1809, p. 346. 

Cuculus tahitius, Gm. Syst. Nat i. p. 412 j Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 336. 

Cuculus taitensis, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 209 (1790); Steph. Gen. 

Zool. ix. p. 92 (1815); Less. Traite Orn. p. 15 L (1831); Ellmann, 
Zoologist, 1861, p. 7467 ; 8chl. Mus. Pays-Las, Cuculi, p. 21 (1864). 
Cuculus perlatus, Vieill N. Diet viii. p. 232 (1817); id. Eric. Meth. 

iii. p. 1334 (1823) ; Pitcher. Pev. et Mag. Zool 1852, p. 502, note. 
Eudynanrys taitiensis, Gray, App. Dieffenb. New Zealand, ii. p. 193 
(1843) ; id. Gen. B. ii. p. 404 (1846); Cass. U. 8. Expl Exp. 

p. 248, Atlas, pi. 22. fig. 2 (1858); Gray, Ibis, 186% p. 231. 
Cuculus fasciatus, Forst. Descr. Anim. p. 160 (1844); id. Icon. Zool. 
56. 
Eudynamis cuneicauda, Peale, U. 8. Expl Exp. p. 139, pi. 38. fig. 2 
(1848) ; Hartl. Wiegm. Arch. Naturg. xviii. p. 107 (1852). 
Eudynamis taitensis, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 101 (1850); id. Consp. 

Vol. Zygod. p. 6 (1854); Bull. B. N. Zeal p. 73, pi. 8 (1873); id. 

2nd eel. i. p. 127 (1888); Layard, P. Z. S. 1876, p. 491; Tristr. Ik's, 

1882, p. 143. 

Eudynamis tahitiensis, Cass. V. 8. Expl Exp., Atlas, pi. 22. fig. 2 

(1858); Potts, Trans. N. Zeal Inst. iii. p. 90 (1873). 

Eudynamys tahitius. Gray, Cat. B. Prop. Isl. p. 35 (1859). 

Eudynamis taitiensis, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 56, note 

(1862); Layard, Ibis, 1876, pp. 144, 391; Finsch, R Z. 8. 1877, 

p. 773 ; id. Bis, 1880, p. 433. 
Eudynamys taitiensis, Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 221, no. 9077 (1870) ; 
Pamsay, Proc. Linn. 8oc. N. 8. Wales, iv. p. 70 (1879). 
Eudynamis tahitensis, Potts, Trans. N. Zeal Inst. iii. p. 90 (1870) ; 
Layard, Ibis, 1880, p. 300. 
Eudynamis tahitius, Layard, Ibis, 1878, p. 275. 
Urodynamis taitiensis, 8alvad. Orn. Papuasia, l. p. 370 (1880): Agg. i. 

App. p. 51 (1889); Grant, P.Z. 8. 1888, p. 191. 

Adult male. Above dark brown, striped on the head and neck, 
and barred on the back, wings, and tail with rufous; most of the 
wing-coverts, a few of the greater scapulars, and the tail-feathers 
with white ends; tail evenly and regularly barred with numerous 
alternate bands of dark brown and rufous; eyebrow white, lores and 
ear-coverts dark brown streaked with rufous; underparts white, 
with dark brown shaft-stripes, mostly on the sides of the throat 
and body ; thigh-coverts and under tail-coverts with broad angular 
somewhat concentric bars; under wing-coverts burly white• quills 
brown barred with whitish: a small patch of bare skin round 
the eye dull green; bill brown, paler and greyer along the edges 
and yellower on the lower mandible; iris reddish brown; legs 
greenish yellow, claws dark brown. Total length 17*8 inches, 
culmen 1-15, wing 7*8, tail 9*7, tarsus 1*45. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in plumage. 

14 . ETJBYNAMIS. 
The amount of striping on the underparts varies slightly, but 
apparently not with age ; the immature birds may be easily recog


nized by the more spotted appearance of thogreater amount of rufous shade on the throat. 
Hah. The same as that of the genus. 

a. Ad. sk. New Zealand.
b. Ad. sk. New Zealand.
c. Ad. sk. New Zealand.
d. Irani, sk. New Zealand.
e. Lum. sk. New Zealand.
/I Ad.; g. Imm. sk. New Zealand.
7i, i. Ad. sk. New Zealand.
k91 Ad. sk. Bunedin, New Zealand, Bee.
m. Ad. sk. Tongatabu, Friendly Islands.
n. 
Ad. sk. Island of Huaheine, SocietyIslands. 
o. Imm. sk. Samoa.
14. EUDYNAMIS. 
mantle and by tho 

 Miss R. Stone [P.". 

 Sir E. Home [P.T 

 Capt. Stokes [P.j. 

 Mr. Low [P.J. 
Sir G. Grey [P.]. 

 Tweeddale Coll. 

 Seebohm Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Purchased. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

 Itev. S. I. Whitmee 

[0.]. 

Type. 

Eudynamys, Vig. fy Horsf. Tr, Linn, Soc. xv. 

p. 303 (1826) E. cyanocepliala. 
Bynamene, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 211 (1830).. E. minclanensis. 
Eudynamis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 100 (1850) 
Range. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, through the Burmese 
countries to Southern China. Through the Malayan Peninsula, 
with the islands of the Bay of Bengal, the whole Malayan Archipelago 
to Now Guinea and the Papuan Islands, and also Australia. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Plumage never entirely black. (Females.) 
af. Bill never black. 
a". Smaller; bars on breast broader. 
a'". Bars on abdomen broaderb'". Bars on abdomen narrower//'. Larger; bars on breast very narrow. 
c'". All the pale parts of the plumage 
not rufous; upper half of the head 
and back of neck black ; chin and 
upper half of throat black, with a 
white loral band. 
aA. Pale portions of plumage more 
rufescent, never whitehK Pale portions of plumage whiter, 
the spots on the mantle more 
numerous and mostly white ... .
d'". Entire plumage rufous and black; 
upper half of the head and the chin 
broadly striped with rufous and 
black

b\ Bill black

 honorata, p. 315. 
mindanensis, p. 321. 

orientalis, p. 322. 

cyanocepliala, p. 324. 

rufiventer, p. 325. 
melanorty/ncha, p. 327. 

316 
CUCVUSM. 

b. Plumage black; bill not black. (Males.) 
, r, 1-, i T i xi \honorata, p. 316. 
c'. Smaller and slightly greener ' • 


mindanensis, p. 321. 
orientalis, p. 322. 
d'. Larger and slightly more blue cyanocephalus, p. 324. 
rujiventer, p. 325. 

1. Eudynamis honorata. 
Black Indian Cuckoo, Edwards, Nat. Hist B. ii. pi. 58 (1747). 
Brown and Spotted Indian Cuckoo, Edwards, t. c. pi. 59 (1747). 
Coucou tachete de Bengale, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 132 (1760, &r JEtfw. 

pi. 59). 
Coucou tachete de Malabar, Briss. t. c. p. 13G, pi. 11. fig. 2 ; Baubent. 
PL Enl. pi. 294. 
Coucou noir deBengale,Briss. t. c. p. 141 (exEdio.^l. 58); Baubent. 

PI. Enl. pi. 58G. 
? Coucou tachete de la Chine, Buff. PL Enl pi. 764. 
Le Coucou a gros bee, Levaill. Ois. Afr. y. p. 59, pi. 214 (1806). 
Le Coucou tacheron, Levaill. t. c. p. 62, pi. 216. 
Cuculus honoratus, Linn. 8yst. Nat. i. p. 109 (1760, ex Briss. pi. 11. 

fig. 2); Vieill. Enc. Metlu p. 1332 (1823) ; Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 

xi. p. 913 (1842); Walden, Ibis, 1869, p. 327. 
Cuculus scolopaceus, Linn. 8yst Nat. i. p. 170 (1766, ex Edio. 
pi. 59); Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 327. 
Cuculus niger, Linn. 8yst. Nat. i. p. 170 (1766, ex Edw. pi. 58); 
Wald. Ibis, 1869, pp. 327, 335. 
? Cuculus maculatus, Gm. 8yst. Nat. i. p. 415 (1788, ex Baubent. 
pi. 764); Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 336. 
Cuculus indicus, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 211 (1790). 
Cuculus orientalis, var. y, Lath. t. c. p. 211. 
Cuculus erassirostris, 8teph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 86 (1815, ex Levaill. 

pi. 215) -K Vieill. Enc. Meth. p. 1333 (1823). 

Cuculus orientalis (nee Linn.), Horsf. Trans. Linn. 8oe. xiii. p. 178 
(1822); Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 913 (1842); Strickl. Ann. # 
Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846, p. 400. 

Eudynamis orientalis, 
Vig. Mem.Baffl. p. 671 (1830) ; 8yJces, P. Z. S. 
1832, p. 97; Jerd. Madras Jour. xi. p. 220 (1840); Pearson, 

J. A. S. Beng. x. p. 657 (1841) ; Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 1843, 
p. 245, 1847, p. 468; Layard, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist xii. p. 451 
(1854) ; Moth § Billw. Contr. Nat. Mst.'labuan, i. p. 55 (1855); 
Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 708 (1850-58) ; Swinh. 
Ibis, 1861, p. 46; Irby, t. c. p. 230 ; Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 342 (1802); 
Blyth, Ibis, 1863, p. 363; Gray, Iland-l. B. ii. p. 221, no. 9072 
(1870); Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 15; Anderson, Ibis, 1873, p. 74; 
Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 16; Bidtik. Notes Leyd. 3Ius. 1883, p. 29. 
Eudymanis honorata, Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1842, p. 912; Gray, Gen. B. 

ii. p. 464 (1847); Wald. Ibis, 3869, p. 338; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. 
p. 220, no. 9008 (1870); Holdsioorih, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 432; Hume. 
Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. p. 139 (1873) ; Ball, Sir. F, i. p. 03 (1873) • 
Hume, t. c. p. 173; Adams, t c. p. 373 ; Ball, 8tr. F. ii. p. 394 
(1874) ; Anders. Ibis, 1875, p. 142; Fairbank, 8tr. F. iv. p. 26o 
(1876); Hume, t. c. p. 463; Fairbank, 8tr. F. v. p. 297 ; Bavison 
Sf Wendon, 8tr. F. vii. p. 79 (1878); Butler, i. c. p. 182; Ball, t e. 
p. 207: Cripps, t o. p. 266; Hume, 8tr. F. viii. p. 89 (1879); 
Scully, t. c. p. 257 ; Legge, B. Ceylon, i. p. 251 (1880); Vidal, Sir. 
F. ix. p, 55 (1880); Butler, t. c. p. 389; Reid, 8tr. F. x. p. 27 
14 . ETTDYNAMIS. 
317 
(1881) ; Davison, t. e. pp. 299, 360 ; Sioink §• Barnes, Ibis, 1885, 

p. 63. 
Eudynainis maculata, Gray. Gen. B. ii. p. 404 (1847); David & 
Oust. Ois. Chine, p. GO (1877). 

Eudynamis indicus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 464 (1847). 

Eudynamis australis (nee Sivains,), Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 101 (1850). 

Eudynamib nigra, Cab. # Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 40 (1802). 

Eudynamis eevlonensis, Cab. & Heine, Mm. Hem. iv. p. 51, note 

(1862). v 

Eudynamis chinen&is, Cab. §-Heine, Mus. Hein. iv.p. 52, note (1862); 

Blyth, Cat Mamm. # B. Burmah, p. 81 (1875). 

Eudynamis 
malayana, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 52 (1862) ; 
WaM. Ibis, I860, p. 330; Gray, IlancU. B. ii. p. 220, no. 9001) 
(1870); WaM. Ibis, 1873, p. 303; Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 6S 
(1874); Hume, Str. F. ii. pp. 192, 472 (1874), iii. p. 82 (1875); 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1876, p. 34; David # Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 61 (1877); 
Hume, Str. F. vi. p. 162 (1878), viii. pp. 54,89 (1879); Sharpe, Ibis, 
1879, p. 245 ; id. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 328; Bingham, Sir. F. ix. p. 108 
(1880) ; Hume, t. c. p. 248; Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 392; A. Mull. 

J. f. O. 1882, p. 406; Oates, Handb. B. Brit Burmah, ii. p. 119 
(1883); GuUlemard, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 406; Mull. J. f. O. 1885, 
p. 157; Sdlmd. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1886, p. 581, 1887, p. 569; 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 198; Everett, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 226; Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1890, p. 12. 
Adult male. Entire plumage black, very strongly glossed willi 
bluish green : " iris crimson; bill pale bluish green, dusky round 
the nostrils ; legs and feet leaden blue " (lec/ue). Total length 15*2 
inches, culmen 1*2, wing 7*6, tail 8, tarsus 1*2. 

Adult female. Above blackish brown, with an olive gloss ; crown, 
sides of the head, and back of the neck very strongly mottled with 
broad white shaft-stripes, which are generally shaded towards the 
forehead with rufous • back and wing-coverts spotted with white; 
quills, upper tail-coverts, and tail barred with white : beneath white, 
feathers of the throat with broad black sides, remainder of the 
under suface of the body and the under wing-coverts with rather 
broad black angular bars; under surface of the quills brown, 
partially barred with white : " iris crimson*. legs and feet plumbeous; 
bill greenish grey, gape pinkish flesh-colour " (E. A. Butler). Total 
length 16 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 7*5, tail 7'8, tarsus 1*3. 

Nestling. Entirely greenish black like the adult male. 

The scarcely full-grown young birds have more or less marking 
on the tail-feathers and the under surface of the quills, and have 
numerous fulvous spots on the body-feathers. In more than one 
specimen the breast and abdomen are thickly mottled with buff 
markings. 

There seems to me to be no absolute uniformity in the colour of 
the young birds, and some are much more spotted than others. If 
Mr. "Whitehead's surmise is correct, that the young female is also 
black like the male, then it is possible that the less spotted nestlings 
are males, which remain almost uniform till they take on the adult 
plumage after their first moult, while the females are even more 
mottled, foreshadowing the spotted dress which they are about to 

318 CTrCr/EIDJL 

assume. The plumage of tlio adult female also varies, aud very old 
birds appear to me to grow hoary, while the yellowish or reddish 
tinge on the head and throat may be considered as sure signs of 
youth. 

In a genus like Eudynamis, where the males scarcely differ, I have 
had to look to the females for specific characters, and, judging from 
this alone, I unhesitatingly say that the hen bird of E. honorata 
(Linn.), is like the hen of E. malayana, Cab., and goes through a 
similar sequence of plumage. The greater size attributed to the 
Malayan bird cannot be upheld as a distinctive character, as is 
evidenced by the large series in the Museum. 

Hab. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, extending to China and south 
through the Burmese provinces over the Indo-Malayan Archipelago 
to Flores. 

a-e. Ad. et mini. Ceylon (Whyte), Seebohm Coll. 
sk. 
f) 9' c? S ac^ sk- Ragam Corale, Ceylon, Hume Coll. 
July 2. 
h-i\ Ad. et imm. Ceylon, Nov., Dec, Jan., Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. March ($. Chapman and 

H. Nevill). 
y,z. <$ $ imm. sk. Raines warain Island, Nov. Seebohm Coll. 
(W.V.Zeyye). 
a'9 b'. <$ ad. j c'. Laccadives, Feb. (A. 0. H.). Hume Coll. 
d'} e'. $ imm. 
sk. 


f. Juv. St. India. Purchased. 
(/. 5 iflim. sk. Trevandrnm, Travancore, F. W. Bourdillon 
Nov. 18. [C.]. 
h\ i', $ ad. sk. Anjango, Travancore. Hume Coll. 
h', <$ imm. sk. Trichinopoly. Tweeddale Coll. 
l\ (S imm. sk. Tellicherry, Oct. (22. G. Tweeddale Coll. 


W. JR.). 
mr, n\ $ ad. sk. Calicut. Hume Coll. 
Malabar. Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. 
/•'. $ ad. sk. Ooonoor Ghat, Sept. 20 Tweeddale Coll. 


(22. G. W. JR.). 
s'} t\ <$ $ ad. sk. Wynaad, March, April (22. Tweeddale Coll. 
Davison), 
u'. $ ad. sk. Mysore, Feb. 21. Hume Coll. 
v'f wr. <$ ad.; x'. Belgaurm March, Oct. (K A. Hume Coll. 
$ ad. sk. Butler). 
i/,/. [$]ad.e t Bangalore, Sept. (22. G. Tweeddale Coll. 
imm. sk. W. 22.). 
a", S ad.; b". $ Arcot. Seebohm Coll. 
imm. sk. 
o",d\ d% ad.; Madras. Rev. H. H. Baber 
e'r. J imm. sk. 

|T.]. 

/". <$ ad. sk. N.W. of Rajamimdry, May Hume Coll. 
30 (W. T. JBlanforcl). 
y", $ imm. sk. Deccan (Sykes). India Museum. 

14 . ETTCOTAMIS. 
k". 2 ad. sk. 
i"~n". <$ ad.; o". 
$ ad. sk. 

p", q". 6 ad. sk. 
r",s". cTad.sk. 

t", v!\ 6 ? ad. 

v", w». 6 $ ad. 
sk. 
x", <j> ad. sk. 

y", c". 6 $ ad. 
sk. 
eiK $ ad.; 53, c3. 

$ ad. sk. 
d*. $ irnm. sk. 
ez, f3. $ ad. sk. 
f,*h\ tS Jad.sk. 
ft, k*. $ ad. sk. 
l\ $ ad. sk. 
m3-q3. S ad.; r3


#3. $ ad.etimm. 
sk. 
w3. J ad. sk. 

As-a\ Ad. et lmni. 
sk. 
b\ c? ad.; c1, #. 
$ ad. sk. 
e^fi. 6 ad.; <f. 

5 ad. sk. 
kK <$ ad. sk. 
i\ S ad. sk. 
k%lh, m\ d ad. 

sk. 

^-<t- c?ad.etjuv.; 
r1, s4, ^. $ ad. 
sk. 

w4. $ ad. sk. 
v'%. 5 imm. sk. 
w\ d ad. sk. 


x\ yK $ ad.; z\ 
5 irum. sk. 
a5, ¥, e5. $ ad. 

sk. 
d5. $ ad. sk. 


5 irnm. sk. 
A5, #. cT ad.; 7^n5. 
J ad. sk. 
o5, f. 6 ad.; £5, 
r5. 2 ad. sk. 

Deccan (Burgess), 

Ahinednuggur District, April, 
July, Sept., Oct. (S. B. 
Fairbank). 

Haipur. 
Khandeisli, May, Sept. (J. 
Davidson). 
Mhow (J2. Blackburn). 

Mkow, June 7. 

Eajkote, Kattiwar, June 19. 

Deesa, July 9 (12. A. 
Butler). 

Anadra, Mt. Aboo, May, 

July. 
Delhi. 
Urnbala, Oct. 
Dehra Dhoon, April. Sept. 
Dehra Dhoon. 
Kuniaon. 
Etawah, Sept., Nov. 

Cawnpore, April 30 (W. 

E. Brooks). 
Saugor. 

Futtehgurh, June (A. Anderson). 


Lucknow, May. 

Oudli, March. 
Beliar. 
Nepal. 


Nepal Valley, May, July 

(J. Scully). 
Darjeeling Terai, April 20. 
Bkotan (Pemberton). 
Sadhyia, Assam, May 22 


(J. Cockbum), 
N. Kliasia Hills, April, Dec. 
(A. W. Chennell). 
Mymensing (A. W. Chennell). 
Cachar, 
Jan. 28 (A. 0. 
S.). 

Dacca. 
Calcutta; Dec. to March. 


Akyab, March (J. Armstrong). 


Seebohm Ooll. 
Tweeddale Ooll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Colonel S winhoe[P. ]. 

Colonel Haves 
Lloyd [P.]" 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Ooll. 

Seebohm Coll 

Colonel Way [P.]. 

Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Ooll. 

Hodgson Ooll. 

Hume Ooll. 

Hume Coll. 

India Museum. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll 

820 

s5-w5. $ ad.; *t*5. 
$ JUT. sk. 
y5. $ imm. sk. 

z~J-7c6. Ad. et inini. 
sk. 
P7 m6. (f 5 ad. sk. 

GVQTTLIDM. 

Thayetinyo, March to May 

(R W. Oates). 
Thayetniyo, Sept. (JR. G. 

W. JR.). 
Pegu, Feb. to June (-& W. 
0.). 
Rangoon, July 
(i?. G. W. 
JR.). 

n% rf% p*. $ ad. ; Tonsrhoo, Feb., April, May 


q% r, s\ 2 ad. (JR. (?. IF. JR.). 

sk. 
£s. rf ad. sk. Little Coco Islands, March, 
ifJ, vr'f tof\ <$ acl.; South Andamans, Dec, Jan., 

x\ 2 ad. sk. 
/ . c? ad. sk. 


c\ d ad.; «T. $ 
Imm. sk. 


67. cJ ad. sk. 
cTj «#T. J ad.; e7f 
f~. § ad. sk. 
ff) h~. <$ ad.; ^7, 
¥. 2 ad. sk. 
l\ 7iv. S $ ad* 
sk. 
w7. J acl. sk. 

f/. J ad.; p77 ff. 
2 ad. sk. 
/•\ J ad. sk. 


«T, F. 2 ad. sk. 

ir, v7. <$ 2 ad.sk. 
%,T 

. g ad. sk. 

a-7. >/T, z\ 6 ad.; 
«s, b\ 2 ad. sk. 
eg-?z8. S ad.; 6>sfs 


. 2 ad. sk. 

2 
a& slc

u\


tfW. d ad. et 

2 ad

juy.; b\» 
sk. 

ad sk*

e\ 2


f. 
2 ad. sk. 
r/. 2 ad. sk. 
h*, «°. J ad.; F, 

Z9 9 

, m. Ad. sk. 

%9 9 

, o. <5 2 ad. sk. 

March (JR. G. TV. JR.). 
Mt. Harriett, S. Andamans, 
Dec. (W. Davison). 
Port Blair, S. Andamans, 
Feb. ( IF. Davison). 
Ross Island, Dec. (B. G. 

W. It.). 
Trinktit Is., Nicobars, Dec. 
to Feb. 
Oamorta Island, Dec. (JR. 

J. Wimberley). 
Tere-sa Mand, Jan., Feb. 
(IF. Davison). 
Pahpoon, Feb. 22 (IF. 

Daemon). 
Thatone, Dec, May {W. 
Davison). 

Kanee, Iloungtliraw R., 
March 7 ( W. Davison). 
Attaran River, March ( W. 

Davison). 

Akhya, Zanee Riyer, Feb. 

(C. T. Bingliam). 
Karope, 
Moulniein Dist., 
March 24 (W. Davison). 


Amherst, Jan., March, July 
{ JV. Davison). 
Tayoy, March to May (W. 
Davi&on). 
Shymootee, May 3 (W. 
Davison). 

Mergui, Jan., April, Nov. 

( W. Davison). 
Bopyin, Dec. (W. Davison).

Siani. 
Bankok, April (Copt Conrad). 


Saigon, Cochin China. 

China. 

Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Oates Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

R. 
B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[P.]. 
M. E. Pierre [P.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
14 . EUDZKAMTS. 
321 

P\ <f-6 ? ad. sk. 
J", s\ <S ? ad. sk. 
t\ (S ad. sk. 
w1. <$ imm. sk. 
^-?A c5" ad. et 

310 

. ? ad. sk. 
cl0,^o,e10. c?ad.j 

Z10 

. ? ad. sk. 

^V^V*10- dad.; 
7*l0-*i10. P ad. 
sk. 

o10. tf ad. sk. 

Pl0

-tl°. <? ad. et 
imm.; u10, v10. 
$ ad. sk. 

w]0, a;10. <£ J ad. 
sk. 

?/101011

, s, a. Imm. 
sk 
&u, c". $ ad. sk. 

dil 

. <$ ad. sk. 
ell,/u. c? $ ad. sk. 
<7U, A11, <? ad.; i* 

2 ad. sk. 
hl\ll\m^\ c? ad. 


sk. 
rcu. 2 ad. sk. 
ou, p u. <$ ad. sk. 

#u 

. c? ad. sk. 
r11. Imm. sk. 
,#l-d> iUl\ 

$ ad. sk. 
v w Skeleton. 


l\l\
x Skeleton. 

l\
yn. Skeleton. 

Canton. 

Canton, April (R. Sioinhoe). 
Amoy, June (R. Swinhoe). 

Swatow (JR. Swinhoe). 
Hainan, Feb., March (R. 

Swinhoe), 

Kossoum, Malay Penins., 
April, May (J. Barling). 
Salang, Island of Tonka, 
Feb., March (J. Barling). 

Province Wellesley, Dec. 

Penang (Br. Cantor). 

Malacca (Br. Cantor). 

Malacca (Br. Maingay). 

Malacca, July (W. Bam


son). 

Pulo Nongsa. 

Sumatra ( Wallace). 

Java (Horsfield). 

Java. 

Kuraman, Borneo. 

Labuan (H. T. Ussher). 

Labuan (Sir Hugh Low). 

Sarawak (A. H. Everett). 

Elores. 

India. 

Nepal, 

Java. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebolim Coll. 

Soebohm Coll. 

Soebohm Coll 

Seebolim Coll. 

IJunie Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Dr. A. McKinlay 

India Museum. 

India Museum. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Forbes Coll. 

Seebolim Coll, 

India Museum. 

Seebohm Coll. 

II. Veitcli, Esq. [P.]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebolim Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

Purchased. 

2. Eudynamis mindanensis, 
Coucou tachete* de Mindanao, Brim. Orn. iv. p. 130 (17G0). 
Cuculus mindanensis, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 1G0 (1766, ex Briss.); 
Vieill Enc. Mith. p. 1337 (1823); Wold. Ibis, 1869, p. 327. 
Coucou tachete* de l'lsle de Panay, Sonn. Toy. Nouv. Gain. p. 120, 

pi. 78 (1776). 
Cuculus variegatus, Scop. Bel. Fl. et Faun. Insub. ii. p. 89 (1786). 
Cuculus panayanus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 413 (1788); Vieill. Fnc. 

Mtth. p; 1336 (1823); Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 336. 
Eudynamis mindanensis, Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. JELein. iv. p. 52 (1862); 

Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 340 (pt.); Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 221, 
no. 9070 j Wald. Trans. Z. S. ix. p. 162 (1875) ; Sharpe, Trans. 
Linn. Soc.} Zool. 1877, pp. 320,351; Tiveedd. P. Z. S. 1877, pp. 536, 
543, 691, 823, 1878, p. 946, 1879, p. 70; Wardlaw Ramsay, 
App. Tweedd. Orn. Works, p. 656 (1881) ; Meyer, Sitz. Abhandl. 
Ges. Isis, p. 17 (1884) ; Blasius, Omis, 1888, p, 306 ; 
Everett, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 225; Whitehead, Ibis, 1890, p. 46. 

VOL. XIX. Y 

322 
CTJCTTLID-2B. 

Eudynamis niger (nee Linn), Biilgg. Abhandl. nat. Ver. Brem. v. 

p. 57 (1876). 
Eudynamis orientalis (nee Linn), 8alvad. Ann. Mus. Civ, Gen. ix. 
p. 53 (1877) j Tiveedd. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 613. 
Adult male. Similar in plumage to E. lionorata: "bill greyish 
green; legs dark lead-grey; claws black ; iris crimson" (A. II. 
Everett). Total length 14*7 inches, culmeu 1*2, wing 7*4, tail 7*0, 
tarsus 1*3. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to E. lionor'citabut with the 
entire upper half of the bead rufous, streaked or mottled with 
black; bars on the chest, abdomen, and under tail-coverts slightly 
narrower : " bill pale green, deep orange at base; legs yellow, 
tinged green on the tarsus ; nails grey ; iris chrome-yellow " {A. II. 
Everett). Total length 14*5 inches, culmen 1*25, wing 7*G, tail 7*5, 
tarsus 1*3. 

II'ah. Philippines and Sanghir group of islands. 

a, $ ad. sk. Philippine Islands. Gould Coll. 
b, <S ad. sk. Monte Alban, Luzon, Feb. Tweeddale Cull. 

(A. Everett). 
c, d. 
<$ ad. sk. Guimaras, March (A, B. Tweeddale Coll. 
Meyer). 

e. ($ ad. sk. Mactan, Negros, Aug. (A. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett). 
f, g. S ad. • h-l. Zaniboanga, Mindanao, Mar., Tweeddale Coll. 
Jjiiv. sk. April (A. Everett). 
m, n. $ mini. sk. Ayala, Mindanao, Dec. E. L. Moseley, Esq. 

o,p. S ad. sk. Butuan, Mindanao, May (A. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett), 

q. $ ad. sk. Basilan, May (A. Everett), Tweeddale Coll. 
r, s. i ad.; t $ Malanipa. Toy. H.M.S. <CMimm. 
sk. longer.' 
u, v. $ ad.• 2D, A\ Taguso, Palawan, July, Aug. John Whitehead, Esq. 
$ ad, etjuv.sk. [C.]. 
//, «. d $ ad. sk. Sanghir Island. Tweeddale Coll. 
a'. <$ ad. sk. Sanghir Island. Seebohm Coll. 
b\ Skull. Dr. Giintker [0.]. 

3. Eudynamis orientalis. 
Uoucou noir des ludes, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 142, pi. 10. fig. 1 (1769). 
Coucou tackete' des Indes, Briss. i. c. p, 134, pi. 10. fig. 2. 
Cueiilns orientalis, Linn. 8yst. Nat. i. p. 168 (1766, ex Briss. fig. 1) ; 


Bonn, et Vieill Enc. Meth. p. 1331 (1823); 8. Mull. Verh. Land-
en Volk. p. 176, note (1839-44); 8chl. Mus. Faus-Bas, Cuculi, 

p. 16 (1864, pt.) ,• Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 327. 
Cuculus punctatus, Linn. Byst. Nat. i. p, 170 (1766, ex Briss. jig. 2) : 
Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 327. 
? Coucou noir des Indes, Daubent. El. Enl. vi. pi. 174. 
Coucou tachete* des Indes Orientales, Daubent, t. c. vi. pi. 771. 
Eudynamis punctatus, 8. Midi. Verh. Land-en Volk. p. 176 (1839


44); Gould, P. Z, 8. 1860, p. 359 j Schl Mus. Fays-Bas. Cuculi, 

p. 19 (1864) ; fflnsch, NevrGuin. p. 159 (1865). 
14 . EUDYNAMIS. 
323 

Eudynamis orientalis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 404 (1847, pi.); Peak, 

U.S. Fxpl. Exp. p. 138 (1848) j Cass, op, cit 1858, p. 340 j Sehl 
Mas. Pays-Bas, CJuculi, p. 10 (1804, pt.) j Cab. $ Heme, Mus. 
Hein. iv.' p. 53, note (1862); Wald. Ibis, 1800, p. 341 ; Gray, 
Hand-l. B. ii. p. 221, no. 0072 j Mosenb. Reist. naar GeelviM. 
p. 6 (1875); Salmd. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. viii. p. 373 (1870), xiii. 
p. 401 (1878), xiv. p. 044 (1870); id. Orn. Papaada etc. i. p. 350 
(1880); Meyer, Verh.z.-b. Ges. Wim, 1881,p. 707; Blas.u.Nehrk. 
Verh. ».-&. Ges. Wien, 1882, p. 418 ; Pleske, Bull. Acad. Pitersh. 
xxix. p. 525 (1884); Salvad. Agg. Orn. Papuasia, p. 51 (1889). 
Eudynamis ransomi, Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 101 (1850) ; Graij, P. Z. S. 
1800, p. 359; Wall. P. Z. S.1803, p. 23; Wald. Ibis, 1800, p. 84:}, 
pi. 10; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 221, no. 0073 (1870) j Wald. Trail,*. 

Z. 8. ix. p. 102 (1875). 
Cuculus punctatus, var. ceramensis, Forsten in 3/«<?. Luqd., fide Bp. 
Consp. Av. i. p. 101 (1850). 
Eudynamis picatus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 404 (1847) ; id. P. Z. S.1800, 

p. 359 j Bosenb. Natuurk. Tijdschr. Nederl. 2nd. xxv. p. 220 (1803, 
pt.); id. J.f.O. 1804, p. 117 (pt.); Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, 
p. 19 (1804). 
Y Eudynamis niger (nee Linn.), Finsch, Neu-Guinea, p. 159 (1805). 
? Eudynamis rufiventer (nee Less), Wald. Trans. Z. 8. ix. p. 102 
(1875). l 

Adult male. Black, with a strong greenish-blue gloss: " bill pale 
dusky greenish; iris red; legs dusky bluish" (A. B. Wallace). 
Total length 18*3 inches, culmen 1*3, wing 8*6, tail 9-3, tarsus 1*35, 

Adult female. Above glossy blue-black, shaded with green on the 
wings, with cinnamon-coloured spots on the back and wing-coverts, 
and bars of that colour on the quills, upper tail-coverts, and tail; 
beneath tawny buff, with irregular narrow partial black bars ; chin 
and upper throat blue-black like the crown, with a broad white 
basal band. Total length 19*5 inches, culmen 1*4, wing 8-0, tail 0, 
tarsus 1*4. 

In less adult females the black of the crown and back of the neck 
is spotted with chestnut, the spots on the back are more numerous, 
and the black on the upper throat is mottled with rufous buff. 

Immature male. General plumage buff, with a darker rufous shade 
on the quills, tail, and underparts; back, wings, and tail with 
broad bars of dark brown, and with irregular patches of glossy 
black feathers scattered over the upper parts generally; a few of 
the tail-feathers black; chin and sides of the upper half of the 
throat black; breast almost without bars. Total length 15 inches, 
culmen 1*2, wing 8, tail 8J4, tarsus 1*35. 

Hal. Moluccas. 

a. $ ad. sk. Lombock. "Wallace Coll. 
I. $ ad. sk. 
c. Juv k. 
Morty Island. 
Halmahera. 
Eyton Coll. 
Wallace Coll 
d, e. J ad.; /. 5 
ad. ak. 
Bouru. "Wallace Coll. 
g, h. <$ $ ad. sk. 
i, k. $ ad.; l-o. 
Bouru (A, R. Wallace). 
Oeram. 
Tweeddale Coll 
Wallace Coll. 
Imm. sk. 
p-r. Imm. sk. Ceram (A R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
Y2 

324 CUCULIDJS. 

4. Eudynamis cyanocephala. 
Blue-headed Ouckow, Lath. Syn. Suppl ii. p. 137. 

Cuculus cyanoceplialus, Lath. Inch Orn. ii. Suppl p. 30 (1801); 

Steph. &en. Zool. ix. p. 110 (1815); Vieill JEJno. Meth. p. 1336 

(1823). 

Minder's Cuckow, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. iii. p. 308 (1822). 
Cuculus flindersii, " Lath. MS.," Vig. 8? Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. 


p. 305 (1826). 
Eudynamis orientalis (nee L.), Vig. 8f Hoy*sf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. 
p. 304 (1826) ; Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 20, note n 
(1864).# 
Eudynamis flindersii, Vig. fy Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 305 
(1826) ; Gould, B. Austr. iv. pi. 91 (1848); Iieichb. Vdg. Neuholl, 

ii. p. 216 (1849) j McQill Voy. 'Rattlesnake; ii. p. 357(1852) 
Gray, P.Z.S. 1858, p. 195; id. Cat. B. New Gum. p. 44 (1859) 
Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 53 (1862) ; Rosenb. Nai 
Tijdschr. NederL 2nd. xxv. p. 229 (1863) ; id. J.f. 0.1864. p. 117 ; 
Gould, Handh. B. Austr. i. p. 632 (1865) ; Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1875 
p. 601. 
Eudynamis australis, Swains. An. in Menag. p. 344 (1838) ; Strichl. 
J. A. S. Beng. 1844, p. 390, note ; Peale, U.S. Expl. Evped. 1848, 
p. 139. 
Cuculus orientalis, pt., Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 16 (1864). 
Eudynamis cjranocephala, Wald. Ibis, 1869, p. 341; Gray, Hand-l. 
B. ii. p. 221, no. 9071 (1870); Wald. Trans. Z. S. ix. p. 162 (1875); 
Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xiii. pp. 310, 491 (1877); Salvad. 
Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 461 (1878); Ramsay, Proc. Linn. 
Soc. N. S. Wales, iii. p. 257 (1878) ; D'AIb. $ Salvad. Ann. Mm. 
Civ. Gen. xiv. p. 44 (1879) ; Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, p. 365 (1880); 
Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, vii. p. 21 (1882); Finsch, 
Vog. d. Sildsee, p. 16 (1834); Meyer, Sitz. Gesellsch. Isis, 1834, 
Abk. i. p. 17; id. Zekschr. ges. Orn. i. p. 275 (1884); North, 
Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, ii. p. 554; Grant, P. Z. S. 1883, 
p. 191 ; Ramsay, Tab. List, p. 15 (1888) ; Salmd. Agg. Orn. Papuasia, 
p. 51 (1889). 
Eudynamis picatus (Mull.), Sclat. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 106, 1878, 
p 67,: linsch, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 12; Layard, Ibis, 1880, p. 300. 

Adult male. Black, with, a bright greenish-blue gloss. Total 
length 16 inches, culmen 1% wing 8*1, tail 8*4, tarsus 1-3. 

Adult female. Upper half of the head and back of the neck glossy 
greenish black; remainder of the upper parts dark brown, with an 
olive gloss; back and wing-coverts thickly spotted with white: 
quills, rump, and tail-feathers with numerous white bars; chin and 
upper half of the throat black, irregularly mottled with white spots; 
a broad white loral band; remainder of the unclerparts white, partially 
washed with rufous-buff, and with narrow, somewhat irregular, 
black bars; under wing-coverts like the breast; under surface of 
the quills dusky brown, partially barred with white. 

Immature (type of Eudynamis flindersii, Yig. & Horsf.). General 
plumage buff; a large blue-black patch on the back of the head and 
nape; a band of the same colour extending from the back of the eye 
down the sides of the neck, widening out at the base ; back and wing-
coverts very irregularly mottled with dark brown, and a few greenish


14 . EUDYtfAMJS. 
325 

black feathers on the wing-coverts and centre of the back; quills and tail 
strongly barred with dark brown; under surface with partial narrow 
brownish-black bars almost confined to the lower throat, chest, and 
flank; some patches of black feathers on the sides of the throat, and 
some of the feathers of the lower throat and chest washed in patches 
with chestnut-buff; under wing-coverts uniform rufous-buff; quills 
brown, barred with very pale buff. Total length lO^ches, oilmen 
0-95, wing 8-2, tail 8-7, tarsus 1/2. / 

Kah. Australia and New Guinea, to Goram and Timor. 

a. cj ad. sk. 
b. Juv. sk. 
c. $ acl; & 6 
imm. sk. 

e. S ad. sk. 
/ . Imm. sk. 
g. S 
ad.; h. ? 
imm. sk. 
i. S ad. sk. 
h, 2 ad. sk. 

I. S 
ad.; m-p. 
Imm. sk. 
q, r. S ad.; $, t. 
2 imm. sk. 
u9 v. § ad. et 
imm.; %0-y. S 
imm. sk. 

Tasmania.
Australia,


Australia.


Australia. 
Australia. 
New South "Wales. 


Port Macquarie, N. S, W., 


Dec. 2. 
Hunter River, N. S. W. 
Queensland. 

South Queensland. 

Cape York. 

%, a'. <$ 5 ad.; Cape York (J. T. Cockerel!),

b',c'.<$ $ imm. 
sk. 
d'. cJ ad.; e'. $ 
imm. sk. 

f. cjad.;^. $ 
imm. sk. 
h',i'. d $ad. sk. 

hf 

, (S imm. st. 
/'. J imm. sk. 
m', n'. $ imm. 

sk. 
o'. c?ad. sk. 
pf. $ imm. sk. 
q'. $ juv. sk. 

Port Albany (Coven). 

Port Essington (J. Macgillivray). 

Port Essington 

W. Australia. 
Yule Island, Dec. (Br. James), 
S.E. New Guinea. 
Dorey. 
Goram. 

E. Timor. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Linnean Soc. (Type 
of JE.Jlindersii) 
Forbes Coll. 

Purchased. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Voy.H.M.S/ Rattle


snake.' 
Dr. Sibbald [P.]. 
Sir G. Grey IP.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Wallace Coll. 
Wallace CoU. 
Wallace Coll. 

5. Eudynamis rufiventer. 
Coucou tachete* des 
Indes Orientales, Daub, Fl. Bnl. vi. pi. 771 
(1783). 
Cuculus rufiventer, Less. Voy. Coq., Zool. i. p. 623 (1828); id. Traits, 

p. 150 (1831). 
Eudynamis rufiventer, Less. Compl Buff., Ok. p. 625 (1838); Gray, 
Gen. B. ii. p. 464 (1847); Wold. Ibis, 1869, p. 344; Gray, Hand-l. 

B. ii. p. 221, no. 9074; Wald. Trans. Z. S. ix. p. 162 (1875); 
Salvad. Ami. Mus, Civ, Gen. xiii. p. 461 (1878); id. AttiB, Accad, 
326 
CUCTTUDiE. 

Torino, xiii. p. 318 (1878); id. Orn. Fantasia, p. 868 (1880) ; 

Sharps, Journ. Linn. 8oc, Zool xvi. p. 428 (1882); Guillem. 

P. Z. S. 1885, p. 625; Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, App. p. 51 (1889). 
Eudynamis picatus, 8. MM. Verh. Land- en Folk. p. 876, note 
(1839-44); JBp. Ctnsp. Av. i. p. 101 (1850); Cab. $ Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iv. p. 55, note (1862); Cab. $ Beichen. J.f. 0. 1876, p. 324. 

Eudynamis punctate (nee Linn.), pt., JBp. Consp. Av. i. p. 101 
(1850)• Gray, Cat. B. New Gum. p. 40 (1859); id. P. Z. S. 
1859, p. 159, 1861, p. 437. 

Eudynamis riifiventer, 8clat. Jour. Linn. Soc., Zool ii. p. 166 

(1858). 
Eudynamis orientalis, pt.; Finsch, FTm-Gum. p. 159 (1865). 
Eudynamis cvanocepkala (nee Lath.), Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 

ix. p. 17 (1876). 
Adult male. Black, with a greenish-blue gloss. Total length 

16-4 inches, culmen 1*25, wing 8*1, tail S'5^ tarsus 1*3. 

Adult female. Upper half of the head and back of the neck black, 

with terminal chestnut shaft-stripes, slightly rounder in form towards 

the sides and base of the neck; remainder of the upper parts olive-

shaded black, and thickly mottled with rufous and buff, in the form 

of spots on the back and wing-coverts, and of bars on the quills, 

upper tail-coverts, and tail; the bars on the tail arched inwards 

as in the last two species ; under surface buff; chin and upper throat 

rufous and black, mottled like the crown ; a distinct white loral band 

bordering the dark portion of the throat; remainder of the underparts 

of the body and the under wing-coverts narrowly barred with black, 

broadest on the lower throat, where the bars on the feathers are 

connected by black shaft-bands. Total length 13*9 inches, culmen 

1*2, wing 7*6, tail 7*6, tarsus 1*3. 

Immature. Above mottled rufous and black in equal proportions • 

crown and back of the neck mostly chestnut, with the black con


densed on the nape, down the centre of the hind neck, and at the 

sides of the base of the hind neck • mantle broadly spotted or 

partially barred with chestnut; quills, upper tail-coverts, and tail 

distinctly barred: 
beneath rich tawny buff, crossed by numerous 

narrow black bars slightly broader on the lower half of the throat; 

chin and upper half of the throat washed with chestnut, mottled 

with the black of the base and sides of the feathers; a distinct 

rufous-white loral band; under wing-coverts like the breast; under 

surface of the quills brownish black barred with rufous: " bill 

blackish grey; iris orange-red; legs olive" {Woodford). Total 

length 15*5 inches, culmen 1*05, wing 7'1, tail 8m2, tarsus 1*3. 

Ilab. New Guinea and the adjacent Papuan Islands. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. Blanche Bay,, New Britain, Seebohni Coll. 
June 12 (G. JB. Richards). 
b,c. 6 ? ad. sk. Duke of York Island (G. Tweeddale Coll. 
Broxuri), 
d,e. <$ $ ad. sk. Duke of York Island. Eev. G. Brown [C.]. 

f. 
9 imm. sk, Aola. Guadalcanal*, Solomon CM. Woodford, Esq. 
Is., June 6. [P.]. u 
14 . EUDYNAMT8. 
327 
6. Eudynamis melanorhynclia. 
Eudynamis 
melanorhyncha, 8. Milll. Verh. Land- en Volh. p. 176, 
note (1830-44) ; Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 404 (1847); Bp. Consp. Av. 

i. p. 101 (1850); Cab. Sf Heine, MKS. Ilein. iv. p. 55, note (1862); 
Wald. Ibis, I860, p. 344; Gray, Iland-l B, ii. p. 221, no. 9075 ; 
Wald. Trans. Z. S. viii. pp. 53, 112 (1874); Salvad. Ann. Mus. 
Civ. Genov. 1875, p. 650; Br'uqq. Abhandl. nat Ver. Brem. v. 
p. 59 (1876); Zens, J. f. O. 1877, p. 371 ; Meyer, Ibis, 1879, 
p. 69; Guillem. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 550; Bias. Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 
1886, p. 96. 
Eudynamis facialis, Wall P. Z. S. 1802, p. 339; Walden, Ibis, 
1869, p. 345 ; Gray, HamU. B. ii. p. 221, no. 9076 (1870). 
Eudynamis orientalis {nee L.), Peak, U.S. Mvpl. Exped, p. 137 (1848); 
Hartl Arch.f. Naturg. xviii. p. 107 (1852). 

Adult male. General plumage black, with a strong blue gloss only 
slightly tinted with green; bill black; iris red; legs dusky slatecolour. 
Total length 16*3 inches, culmen 1-25, wing- 8*4, tail 8-3, 
tarsus 1*3. 

Adult female. Above chestnut, evenly barred with olive-black, 
except on the back of the neck and upper half of the head, which 
parts are much darker and more mottled; chin and upper half of 
the throat black and chestnut like the crown, separated from the 
similar colouring of the head by a broad white loral band; remainder 
of the underparts buff, with numerous narrow wavy black bars, 
broadest on the lower half of the throat; under wing-coverts similar 
to the breast and inclining to white on tho edge of the wing; under 
surface of tho quills rufous, slightly paler than the upper surface, 
and similarly barred with black; bill black; iris red. Total length 
15 inches, culmen 1*15, wing 7*7, tail 7*5, tarsus V2. 

Immature. Above uniform glossy dusky olive, shading into greenish 
black on the upper half of the head and back of the neck; tail with 
a very narrow rusty end; chin and upper throat black, passing into 
dusky stone-grey, and then into rufous-buff on the chest and remainder 
of the underparts; under wing-covorts nearly uniform 
buff; quills uniform dusky black. Total length 15-5 inches, culmen 
1-15, wing 7*6, tail 7*8, tarsus 1*3. 

The nestling is probably entirely black glossed with green ; in the 
next stage the bars on the breast and under wing-coverts are very 
irregularly assumed and the bars on the tail are partially visible; 
next the green gloss on the upper parts of the head and neck changes 
more into blue, and the back and wings become partially mottled 
with rufous bars, and the tail assumes the full-banded appearance 
of the adult female. At this stage the uniform black throat becomes 
mottled with rufous. 

Hal. Celebes and the Sula Islands. 

a. Imm. sk. Celebes. "W. W. Saunders, Esq. 
[p.]. 
5, Imm. slj. Celebes. Purchased. 

32 8 CUCULIDiE. 
c, d. <$ ad.; e,f. Celebes. Seebolini Coll. 
IlIlDQ. Sk. 
(j. J ad. sk. Celebes. Tweeddale Coll. 
&<Jad.: i. Imm. N. Celebes. Tweeddale Coll. 
sk 
h. <S ad.; /. $ Menado, N. Celebes. Wallace Coll. 
imm. sk. 
m. Juv. sk. Menado. Tweeddale Coll. 
n. Ad.; o. Juv. Menado. Hume Coll. 
sk. 
p. Ad.; q. Juv. Menado. Gould Coll. 
sk. 
r. $ ad. sk. Makassar. Wallace Coll. 
s, t, cJad. sk.
%i. Ad. sk. 
Makassar (A. P, Wallace). 
Celebes. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Purchased. 
v, £ ad. sk. Sula Islands. Wallace Coll. (Type 

of P. facialis.) 

15. 
MICEOBYITAMIS. ^ 
Type. 
Microdynamis, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. sii. p. 461 (1878). M. parva. 

Range. New Guinea. 

1. Mcrodynamis parva. 
Eudynamis parva, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 986 (1875). 
Microdynamis parva, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 401 (1878) ; 
id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 371 (1880) ; 31ei/er, Zeitschr. qes. Orn. iii. 

p. 12, pi. 5. fig. 2 (1886) • Sharpe in Gould'sB.New Gidn.p.^l.Q 
(1888) ; Salvad. Agg. Orn. Papuasia, p. 51 (1889). ! 
Bliamphornantis rolled, Ramsay, Proe. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, viii. 

p. 28 (1883); Salvad. Ibis, 1884, p. 354. 
Adult male. General plumage brown, with an olive shade on the 
back and tail; entire upper half of the head and back of the neck 
black, as well as a broad moustachial band from the lores to below 
the cheeks and ear-coverts ; cheeks white ; ear-coverts rufous-buff; 
edges of the wing-feathers washed with pale rufous ; chin and throat 
clear rufous-buff, passing into pale brown on the remainder of the 
body; under wing-coverts rufous-buff; quills brown, with broad 
rufous-buff inner edges; bill and legs black. Total length 9 inches, 
culmen 0-75, wing 4*4, tail 4, tarsus 0*9. 

Adult female. Differs from the male in having no black on the 
head, but a broad glossy greenish-black collar at the back of the 
neck; tail-feathers obscurely notched with rufous on the inner webs ; 
sides of head brown, with a white band beneath the eye, extending 
over the lower ear-coverts and ending in a rufous-buff patch, separating 
the black collar from the similarly coloured moustachial band 
which extends down the sides of the throat; upper half of the throat 
rufous-buff', remainder of the body brown, with very obscure bars : 
" iris with red ring, bill blue-black, legs and feet lavender-blue " 

(E. 0. Forbes). Total length 7*6 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 8-8, 
tail 3*7, tarsus 0*7, 
16 . BIIAMPHOMANTIS.—17. SCYTHEOPS. 32 0 
Immature. Differs from the last in having no dark collar nor dark 
moustachial "band; the crown and back of the neck are rather distinctly 
barred with rufous and dark brown; the sides of the head 
whiter, and the upper half of the throat ashy white with dusky 
bars. Total length 7*5 inches, culmen 0*7, wing 4, tail 3*5, 
tarsus 0*7. 

ffab. The same as that of the genus. 

a. 
$ imm. sk. Astrolabe Mts.; S.E. H. 0. Forbes, Esq. 
New Guinea, Dec. 15. [C.]. 
16. 
EHAMPHOMANTIS. 
Type. 
Khamphomantis, JSalvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. 
1879, p. 450 B. megarhynchus. 
Bangs. New Guinea and Aru Islands. 

1. Ehamphomantis megarhynclms. 
Cuculus megarliynchus, G. B. Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, pp. 184,195; id, 
Cat. B. Neio Gum. pp. 44, 60 (1859); id. P. Z. S.1861, p. 437• 
Rosenb. J.f. 0.1864, p. 117; Gray, Eand-l B. ii. p. 217, no. 9025 
(1870). 

Cacomantis megarhynchus, 
Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv, p. 23, note 
(1862); Finsch, Neu-Guin. p. 159 (1865). 
Rhamphomantis megarhynchus, iSalvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. 

p. 459 (1878); id. Orn. Bapuasia etc. i. p. 343 (1880), 
Adult male. Upper parts brown, with the crown, nape, and sides 
of the head grey ; a bare dusky patch round the eye; underparts 
rufous, freckled very evenly all over with dusky ash, and obscurely 
barred with that colour on the under tail-coverts ; under wing-
coverts and a large basal portion of the inner webs of the quills 
rufous ; end of the quills dark brown; tail brown, with palebuffishbrown 
ends and a subterminal dark bar visible on most of the 
feathers, the outer tail-feathers having on their inner webs about 
six rufous bars alternating with broader black ones, the next feathers 
similarly but more obscurely marked: " bill black; legs slaty grey " 
(Wallace). Total length 7*5 inches, culmen 0-95, wing 3*9, tail 3, 
tarsus 0*7. 

Hah. The same as that of the genus. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk. Aru Islands. Wallace Coll. (Type of 
species.) 
17. SCYTHEOPS. Type 
Scythrops, Lath. hid. Orn. i. p. 141 (1790) S. novse-hoilandi^. 
Range. New Guinea and the adjacent Papuan Islands, to Ceram* 
and the Moluccas, Celebes and Mores. 

330 
CUCTJLIM;. 

1. Scythrops novse-hollandiae. 
Psittaceous Ilornbill, Thill. Voy. Botany Bay, p. 165, pi. (1789). 
Anomalous Ilornbill, J. White, Journ. Voy. N. 8. Wales, p. 142, 
pi. (1790). 

Scythrops 
novse-hollandise, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 141 (1790); III 
Prodr. p. 204 (1811) ; Vieill. N. Diet xxx. p. 456 (1819; ; Bonn. 
$ Vieill. JSnc. Meth. p. 1427 (1823); Temm. PL Col. 290 
(1824) ; Vieill. $ Oud. Gal. Ois. i. p. 27, pi. 39 (1825); Vig. # 
Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 306 (1826); Less. Man. Orn. ii. 

p. 128 (1828) ; id. Traite, p. 128, pi. 23. fig. 1 (1831) ; Lafr. Mag. 
Zool 1835, Ois. pi. 37; Kuster, Orn. Atlas, pt. 15, pi. 4 (1838); 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 461 (1845); Gould, B. Austr. iv. pi. 90 
(1848); id. Introd. B. Austr. p. 68 (1844); Bchb. Yog. Neuholl. ii. 
pp. 119, 309 (1849) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 97 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. 
Zijgod. p. 4 (1854); Wall. Ibis, 1860, p. 147; Gray, P. Z. S. 
1860, p. 359; Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 56 (1862); Wall. 
P. Z. S. 1863, p. 482; Bosenb. Naturh. Tijdschr. Kederl Lid. 
xxy. p. 229 (1863); id. J. / . O. 1864, p. 117; Schl. Mus. Pai/s-
Bas, Cuculi, p. 36 (1864); Finsch, lSTeu-Guinea, p. 159 (I860) ; 
Gould, Ilandb. B. Austr. i. p. 628 (1865); Boscnb. Beis. naar 
Zuidoostereil p. 82 (1867) ; Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 221, no. 9078 
(1870) : Wald. Trans. Z. 8. Tiii. p. 51 (1872); Boscnb. Beist. 
naar Geehinkb. p. 6 (1875) ; 8alvad.fy dAlb. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 
ui. p. 813 (1875) ; Bamsay, Journ. Linn. 80c. iV. 8. Wales, i. 
p. 394 (1876); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. viii. p. 374 (1876); 
Sharpe, Journ. Linn. 80c, Zool. xiii. p. 492 (1878); Bamsay, Pr. 
Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, iii. p. 258 (lb78) ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. 
Gen. xiii. p. 462 (1878), xiv. p. 614 (1879); Bamsay, Pr. Linn. 
Soc. N. 8. Wales, iv. p. 96 (1879) ; Finsch, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 13 ; 
Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xiv. pp. 628, C86 (1879); Sclat. 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 447; Meyer, Ibis, 1879, p. (57;*Salvad. Orn. 
Papuasia etc. i. p. 372 (1880); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. 
xvi. p. 428 (1882); Finsch, Vdg. Sudsee, p. 16 (1884}; Meyer, 
Sitzb. not. Gesellsch. Isis, 1884, Suppl. i. p. 18 ; Guillem. P. Z. S. 
1885, p. 549; Blasius, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. ii. p. 260 (1S85) ; 
Bamsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 15 (1888); Salvad. Agg. Orn. 
Pajmasia, p. 52 (188*9). 
Australian Channel-Bill, Lath. Syn. Suppl. ii. p. 96, pi. 124 (1801) ; 
id. Gen. Hut. ii. p. 300, pi. 32 (1822). 
Scythrops australasias, Shaiv, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 378, pi. 50 (1811) ; 
Steph. op. cit xiv. p. 95 (1820). 
Scythrops goerang, Vieill. N. Did. xxx. p. 456 (1819) ; Vieill. Enc. 

Mith. p. 1427 (1823). 
Scythrops australis, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 299 (1837). 
Cuculus priBsagus, Betnw. MS., fide Bp. Consp. i. p. 97 (1850). 
Scythrops novae-hollanolise, var. prsesagus, Briigg. AdiJiandl. nat. 

Ver. Brem. v. p. 56 (1876). 

Adult male. Entire head and neck uniform pearl-grey; remainder 
of the upper parts darker olive-grey, with, broad brownish-black ends 
to all the feathers of the back and wings, giving a rather irregular 
mottled appearance to these parts; tail with a broad subterminal 
brownish-black bar and a white end, very narrow on the two 
centre feathers and broader on the remainder; body greyish white, 
slightly paler than the throat and with traces of broad bands on the 

18. OENTuoPira. 
831 

sides, always most distinct on the thighs and under tail-coverts; 
these bars vary in intensity with age, being darkest,in the youngest 
birds and occasionally black on the thighs and under tail-coverts; 
tail beneath paler than above, and with alternate broad white and 
black notches on the inner webs of the feathers; under wing-coverts 
greyish white, sometimes with partial grey bars; under surface 
of the quills pearl-grey, with broad brownish-black ends to the 
feathers: " orbits and lores scarlet; bill light yellowish horncolour 
; feet olive-brown " (Gould). Total length 25 inches, oilmen 
4, wing 14, tail 11, tarsus 1*7. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. 
Hab. Australia, New Guinea, Duke of York Island and New 
Britain, Ke Islands, Ceram, Bourn, Obi, Batehian, Tern ate, Celebes, 

and Plores. 
a. Ad. sk. Australia. A. Cunningham, Esq. 
5. Ad. sk. Australia. Gould. Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Australia. Forbes Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Australia. Tweed dale Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Australia. Hume Coll. 
/ , g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk. 
Queensland. 
Port Denison, Queensland. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebolmi Coll. 
«, k. Ad. sk.
I, Ad. sk.
m. Juv. st. 
Cape York {J. T. Cockerdl). 
N. W. Australia. 
New Britain. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
J. E. Elsey, Esq. [P.]. 
Purchased. 
n. Ad. sir.
o, p. A d, sk.
q. Ad sk.
r. Ad sk. 
Duke of York Island. 
Port Moresby. 
Ceram (A. It Wallace). 
N. Ceram. 
Rev. G. Brown [0.]. 
Seebolmi Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
s, t. Ad. sk. Batehian. Wallace Coll. 
u. Ad.sk.
v, to. <$ $ ad. sk. 
Celebes (Von Rosetiherg). 
Menado, N. Celebes. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
,i\ J ad. sk. Makassar. Wallace Coll. 
y. tf ad. sk. Makassar (A R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 

Subfamily II. CENTROPODINzE. 

18. CEOTROPUS. 
Type. 
Centropus, III Prodr. p. 205 (1811) C. senegalensis. 
Polophilus, Leach, ZooL Miscell. i. p. 115, pis. 46, 51, 

52, 56 (1814) C. phasianus. 
Corydonyx, Vieill. Analysei, p. 28 (1810) C. toulou. 
Centrocoecyx, Cab. §* Heine> 3Ius. Hem. iv. p. 109 

(18(32) C. viridis. 
Pyrrhocentor, Cab. t. c. p. 117 C. eelebensis. 
Nesocentor, Cab. t. c. p. 118 0. milo. 

Range. The whole of Tropical Africa, ranging into the Nile 
Delta; Madagascar; Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, ranging eastwards 
into China, and south through the entire Malayan archipelago to 
the Papuan Islands and Australia. 

332 CUCTJLIDJE. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Wings not rufous. 
a'. Neck white. 
a". Colour more blue ; head -white, with some 
black on crown ateralbus, p. 334. 
b". Colour more green; head entirely -white, onilo, p. 335. 

V. Neck black like the head and body. 
c". With a white speculum on the wing goliath, p. 335. 
d". With no white speculum on the wing. 
a"'. Bill yellowish. 
au Colour greenish black menebiki, p. 336. 
bK Colour bluish black, with no shade 

of green amends, p. 337. 
V". Bill black. 
cK Plumage violet or blue-black. 
a5. Larger: wing 9*6 inches; with a 
more violet gloss molaceus, p. 337. 
b5. Smaller : wing 8*2 inches; with a 
bluish gloss chalybens, p. 337. 
dl. Plumage greenish black. 
c5. Plumage uniform, not marked with 
brown. 

6 ^ „ « n . i \ bernsteim. p. 388. 
a". Laiger: wmg 7-6-4 inches .. j sp{loptenls^t 38a 
be. Smaller: wing 6'2 inches mindorensis, p. 388. 

d5. With some brown on the plumage 
c°. Size smaller: wing 8 to 0 inches. 
Wing blacker; under surface 


, very slightly barred nigricans, p. 330. 

d&. Size larger; wing 10*5 inches. 
Wings strongly barred with 
rufous and buff, equally so 
above and below pftamawus, p. 340. 

b. Wings rufous. 
</, Head, neck, and underpaid black. 
e". Bill green; head and neck purple chlororhynclmsj p. 342. 
/". Bill black or nearly so. 

c"r. Under wing-coverts black. No seasonal 
change of plumage. 
<?4. Wings paler: dark parts bluer, par


tially shaded with blue or violet. 
e\ Smaller: wing about 6 inches ... . rechinguis, p. 343. 
f5. Larger: wing over 7 inches. 

6°. Wings brighter; dark parts less 
shaded with violet sinwisis, p. 343. 

f6. Wings duller; head, neck, and 
body entirely glossed with 
violet purpureus, p. 348. 

/*. Wings darker; dark parts greener, 
with no shade of blue; wing from 
6 to 6*5 inches mridis, p. 349. 

d"'. Under wing-coverts rufous. Two very 
distinct seasonal plumages. 
g4. Wings darker; under wing-coverts 
occasionally mottled with black . . toulou, p. 350, 

18 . CEOTROPUS. 333 
hl. Wing's paler, with no trace of black 
on the under wing-coverts. 
g\ Bill slightly longer, and not quite 
so black. 


<yG. Mantle brighter rufous, the blue-
black of the hind neck contrasting 
sharply with it bengakmis, p. 352. 

hG. Mantle duller, the dull greenish 
brown of the head and back of 
neck passing imperceptibly into 
the colour of the mantle javcmkm, p. 354,. 

K\ Bill shorter and uniform black .. nigrorufus, p. 357. 
d'. Head, neck, and underparts not entirely 
black. 
ff". Tail black. 
e'". Abdomen not black. 

iK Throat black. 
i\ Abdomen chestnut. Size smaller . epomidis, p. 357, 
k5. Abdomen whitish. Size larger .. leitcogasler, p. 358. 

7cK Throat pale like the breast. 
I5. Underparts isabelline or rufous 


buff. 
ib. Larger: wing about 8 inches .. anselli, p. 359. 
kG. Smaller: wing about 7 inches.. fischeri, p. 359. 

m"\ Underparts white or nearly so. 

lh. Larger: upper half of the head 
and back of neck blue, bluer 
than the tail monachus, p. 359. 

ma. Smaller; upper half of head and 
back of neck not bluer than the 
tail. 

a7. Lower back, upper tail-coverts, 
and tail uniform, greenish 
black (in adults); no buff 
shaft-stripes on the mantle ; 
no white ends to the tail-
feathers semgalensis, p. 360, 

W, Lower back, upper tail-coverts, 
and basal third of tail narrowly 
barred with buff; with 
white shaft-stripes on the 
mantle, and with white ends 
to the tail-feathers. 

a*. Crown blacker and greener 
eyebrow, when present, 
never entire; white shaft-
stripes on mantle less numerous 
and not edged with 
black; black streaks and 
bars on the underparts 
almost absent nataknsis, p. 362. 

6*. Upper half of the head 
brown, with an entire 
broad white eyebrow ... . superciliosus, p. 363k 

f". Abdomen black melanops, p. 365. 

334 
CUCULIDJ3. 

". Tail not black. 
y1'. Head; neck, and breast buff, contrasting 
with the wings. 
IK Tail of same shade of chestnut as the 
wing cefebensis, p. 305. 
mK Tail chestnut like the wings andamanensis, p. 36G. 
h"K Entire plumage nearly uniform rufous, unirufus, p. 367. 

1. Centropus ateralbus. 
Centropus ateralbus, 
Less. Feruss. Bull. 8c. Nat. vii. p. 113 (1826) ; 
id. Voij. Coq., Zool. i. pt. 1, p. 348, pt. 2, p. 620, pi. 34 (1828); id. 
Man. Orn. ii. p. 121 (1828); id. Traits, i. p. 137 (1831) ; id. 
Hist. Nat. Mamm. et Ois. p. 251, pi. 18. fig. 1 (1837) ; Gray,Gen. B. 

ii. p. 455 (1846); Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850); Pucker. Rev. et May. 
Zool. 1852, p. 475; Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyyod. p. 5 (1854); Gray, 
Cat. B. Trop. Isl. p. 35 (1859); Sclat. P. Z. S. 1869, p. 122 ; Gray, 
Iland-l. B. ii. p. 214, no. 8981 (1870); Wald. Tr. Linn. 8oe. viii. 
p. 5G (1872); Scl. P.Z.8. 1877, p. 100, 1878, p. 289; Finsch, 
P. Z. S.1879, p. 17 ; Layard, Ibis, 1880, p. 300 ; Tristr. Ibis,lH62, 
p. 143; Finsch, Toy. der 8'iidsee, p. 10 (1884); North, Proc. Linn. 
8oc. N. 8. Wales, (2) ii. p. 444 (1887). 
Nesocentor ateralbus, Cab. § Seine, Mus. Hein. iv. p, 119 (1862) ; 
Cab.fyReichen. J. f. O. 1877, p. 324; 8alvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. 
Gen. xiii. p. 402 (1878); id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 384 (1880), iii. 

p. 521 (1882); Sahad. Ayy. Orn. Papuasia, p. 52 (1889). 
Adult. Head and entire throat white, with the forehead, a band 
down the centre of the crown, and portion of the eyebrows black 
(the amount of the black on the head varying greatly); remainder 
of the plumage black, strongly glossed with violet-blue, with a large 
white patch on the wing formed by the greater coverts : bill and 
legs black, irides brown. Total length 21 inches, culmen 1*8, 

•wing 9, tail 11*2, tarsus 2. 
Immature. Differs from the adult in the whole crown being 
black with buff shaft-stripes and partial buff shaft-stripes on the 
hind neck, upper back, and lesser wing-coverts. It has no white on 
the wing nor breast, which latter is partially mottled with pale 
brown bars. Total length 19*6 inches, cnlmen 1-6, wing 8, tail 12, 
tarsus 2. 

The amount of white on the plumage is very variable, being 
sometimes absent from the wing, and frequently present in patches 
on the breast, while partial or entire albinism is not uncommon. 

Hab. New Ireland and New Britain. 

a. Ad. sk 
b. Ad. sk. 
c. Ad. sk. 
New Ireland. 
New Ireland. 
[New Ireland.] 
Capt. Lambrick [P.]. 
Eev. GK Brown [O.J. 
P. L. Sclater, Esq. 
d. S var. sk. 
e,fc?$
ad,; 
tfjuv.; h. 
var. sk. 
96 
Kalbau, New Britain. 
New Britain, July (Kleinschmidt). 
[P.] 
Eev. & Brown [OJ. 
Godeffroy Museum. 
i. Ad. sk. New Britain. Tweeddale Coll. 

18 . CENTR0T?TJS. 
335 

2. Ceutropus milo. 
Ceutropus milo, Gould, P. Z. S. 1850, p. 136; Gray, Cat. B. Trap. 
Isl. p. 34 (1859) j Sel. P. Z. S. 1809, p. 124; Gray, Sand-l. B. d. 
]>. 214; no. 8974 (1870); Ramsay, Tr. Linn. Soc. K 8. Wales, iv. 

p. G9 (1879); Tristr. Ibis, 1882. p. 143 : Ramsay. Froc. Linn. Soc. 
N. 8. Wales, vii. p. 21 (1882). 
Nesocentor milo, Cab. 8? Seine, Mus. llein. iv. p. 120, note (1802); 
Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 463 (1878); id. Orn. Papuasia, 

i. p. 385 (1880), iii. p. 521 (1882); Grant, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 191; 
Sharpe, in Gould's B. New Guin. iv. pi. 44 (1888); Salvad. 
Agg. Orn. Papuasia, 1889, p. 52. 
Adult male. Head, neck, and chesl bufiy white; remainder of 
the plumage black, strongly globed with greenish blue : " iris red; 
bill and legs black" ( Woodford). Total length 28 inches, culmen 
2-5, wing 10, tail 13-2, tarsus 2-8. 

Young. General plumage rufous, broadly barred with black, the 
black predominating over the rufous ou the head and neck. Total 
length 26 inches, culmen 2-5, wing 9*2, tail 10'3, tarsus 2*8. 

Eab. Island of Guadalcanar in the Solomon Archipelago. 

a. 
<$ imm. sk. Guadalcanar, Solomon Islands, J. McGillivray [C.]. 
Dec. 28. (Type of species.) 
b. S 
acL J c-$ Guadalcanal1. Reginald Tupper, 
juv. sk. Esq. [P.], 
d. 2 imm. sk. Guadalcanar, May G. C. M. Woodford, 
* 
J Esq. [P.]. 
3. Ceutropus goliath. 
Ceutropus goliath, Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850) (ex Forsten, M88. in 
Mus. Lugd.) ; id, Consp. Vol. Zyr/od. p. 5 (1854); Gray, P. Z. S. 
1860, p. 359; 8cM. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. Gl (1864); id. 
Dierent. p. 102 ; Finsch, Neu-Guin. p. 160(1865); Gray, Sand-l. 

B. ii. p. 214, no. 897G (1870). 
Nesocentor goliath, 
Cab. <§• Stint, Mus. Sein. iv. p. 118 (1862) ; 
Salvad. Ann. MILS. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 763 (1875), xiii. p. 462; id. 
Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 382 (1880) j Guittem. P. Z. S.18b5, p. 566. 

Adult. Black, strongly glossed with green and blue, the latter 
colour more evident on the wings and tail; a large white patch is 
formed on the wings by the primary-coverts and the greater wing-
coverts : bill and legs black, iris red. Total length 2Q-5 inches, 
culmen 2, wing 10*5, tail 16, tarsus 2-35. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the head, neck, and 
underparts brownish black, marked on the head and hind neck 
with white shaft-stripes or triangular spots, while the underparts 
are barred. 

Sab. Islands of Batchian and Halmahera or Gilolo, in the 
Moluccas. 

a. Ad. sk. [Batchian.] 
Old Coll. 
b, c. 
$ ad.; d. Batchian (A. R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
Juv. sk. 


336 
CUCXTLIDiE. 

e-li. Ad.; i, 7c, I. Batckian {Meyer). Seebokm Coll. 
Tiiim. sk. 

m. Juv. sk. Gilolo. Seebolmi Coll. 
n, o,p. Ad. sk. Gilolo (A. R. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
q. 
J ad. sk. Gilolo, Oct. 26 (Leiden Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Museum). 
4. Centropus menebiki. 
Centropus menbeki, Less. $ Gam. Voy. Coq., Zool. Atlas, pi. 83 
(1826) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 214, no. 8977 (1870) ; Ramsay, 
Proe. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. iii. p. 258 (1878), iv. p. 96 (1879). 

Centropus nienebikii, Gam. Voy. Coq., Zool. i. pi 2, p. 600 (1828) ; 
Less. ibid. p. 620 (1828). 
Centropus inenbikii, Less. Man. Orn. ii. p. 122 (1828); id. Compl 
de Buff., Ois. p. 620 (1838); S. Mull. Verh. Zand- en Volkenh. 

p. 22 (1839-44).# 
Centropus menebiki, Less. Traite, p. 137 (1831); Gray, Gen. B. ii. 
p. 455 (1846) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. Zy'god. 
p. 5 (1854) ; Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 195 (pt.); id. Cat. B. New 
Guin. p. 43 (pt, 1859); id. P.Z.S. 1859, p. 159, 1861, p. 437; 
Rosenb. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Lnd. xxv. p. 250 (1863); id. 
J.f. 0.1864, p. 117. 
Centropus nienebeki, Sclat. Journ. Br. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 166 (1858); 
Schley. Mm. Pays-Bas, Cueuli, p. 61 (1864) ; id. Nederl. 
T\jdse7ir. v. JDierk. iii. p. 339 (pt., 1866), h. p. 11 (pt., 1871); 
SJiarpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xiii. pp. 81, 311 (1877), p. 491 
(1878). 

Nesocentor nienbeki, Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 119 (1862) ; 
Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. ix. p. 17 (1876). 

Nesocentor nienebeki, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 783 
(1875), x. p. 124 (1877); cVAlb. $ Salvad. op. cit xiv. p. 45 
(1879) ; Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 625. 

Nesocentor 
menebiki, Meyer, Mitth. Zool. Mus. Dresd. i. p. 15 
(1875); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 462 (1878) ; id. Orn. 
Papuasia, i. p. 378 (1880) ; Guillem. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 566; 
Salvad. Agg. Orn. Papuasia, 1889, p. 52. 

Adult. Black, strongly glossed with green; bill yellowish, 
shading into dark horn-colour towards the base; iris red; legs 
dusky brown. Total length 24*5 inches, cnlmen 1*2, wing 8*8, tail 
14-7, tarsus 2-3. ^ 

Hal. New Guinea and the adjacent islands of Salwati, Jobi, 
Mysol, and Batanta. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Mysol, June 9 (A. R. W.). Seebohm Coll. 

c. <J ad.; d. Juv. Dorey. Wallace Coll. 
sk, 
e-l. Ad.; m, n, o. New Guinea. Wallace Coll. 
Iinm. sk. 

p. Ad. sk. Port Moresby. 
Forbes Coll. 
18 . CENIROPTTS. 
337 
5. Centropus aruensis. 
Oentropus menebiki (nee Gam.), Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, pp. 184,195 
(pt., Aru); id. Cat B. New Gum. p. 43 (pt., 1859); id. P. Z. &. 
1861, p. 437, pt.; Schl Ned. Tijdsehr. Dierk iii. p. 330 (pt., 
1866), iv. p. 11 (pt., 1871). 

Nesocentor aruensis, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 317 (1878), 

xiii. p. 462 (1878); id. Orn. Papuasia, i.p. ;J80 (1880), 
Adult. Similar in plumage to C. menebiki, but differs in having a 
strong bluish-violet gloss on the upper half of the head, back of the 
neck, wings and tail. Total length 25 inches, eulmon 2, wing 8-9, 
tail 14-5, tarsus 2-2. 

Hab. Aru Islands. 

a. Juv. sk. Batchian. 
Wallace Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Aru Islands. Wallace Coll. 
(Type of the species,) 
c. tf imm. sk. Aru Islands. 
Wallace Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Aru Islands (A.M. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
e,f. 
Ad.; g, h,i. Aru Islands (J. T. Cockerell). Sal vin-Godman Coll. 
Imm. sk. 

6. Centropus violaceus. 
Oentropus sp., Less. Traite, p. 138, note (1831). 
Coucal violet, Quoy 8f Gaim. Voy. Astral., Zool., Atlas, pi. 19 (1833). 
Centropus violaceus, QuoyfyGaim., Voy. Astral, Zool. i. p. 299 (1830); 


Less. Compl Buff., Ois. ix. p. 251, pi. 18. fig. 2 (1838); Gray, 
Gen. B. ii. p. 455 (1846); Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850); id. Consp. 
Vol. Zygod. p. 5 (1854); Gray, Cat. B. Trop. Isl p. 35 (1859); 
Bosenb. Nat. Tijdsehr. Ned. hid. xxv. p. 230 (1863); id. J.f.O. 
1864. p. 117 ; Finscli, Neu-Guin. p. 160 (1865) ; Gray, lland-l. B. 

ii. p. 214, no. 8975 (1870) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 106; Layard, 
Ibis, 1880, p. 300. 
Nesocentor 
violaceus, Cab. 8f Heine, Mns. Hein. iv. p. 120 (1862); 
Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 462 (1878); id. Om.Papuasia, 

p. 381 (1880). 
Adult. Black, strongly glossed all over with violet. Bill black; 
bare skin round the eyes red; legs brownish yellow. Total length 
24-5 inches, culmen 2-5, wing 9*6, tail 15, tarsus 2*5. 

Hah. New Ireland and New Britain. 

a. d ad. sk. New Britain, Feb. 1876 (G. Brown). Tweeddale Coll. 
b. 
J ad. sk. Blanche Bay, New Britain (G. E. Seebohm Coll. 
Richards). 
7. Oentropus chalybeus. 
Centropus violaceus (nee Quoy 8? Gaim), Schl Ned. Tijdsehr. v. JDierk 

iv. p. 12 (1871); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool xiii. p. 81 (1876). 
Nesocentor violaceus, Meyer, Mitth. Zool. Mus. Dresd. i. p. 16 
(1875). 
Centropus sp., Beccari, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. viL p. 715, (1875); id, 
Ibis, 1876, p. 253. 
VOL. XIX. z 


;J3S 
UUCULID JE. 

Nesocentor clialybeus, Salvad. Ann, Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 915 
(187o) ; Sol. 1\ Z. S.1877, p. 106 ; Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. 

xiii. p. 81 (1877); Salvad. Ann. Mas. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 402 (1878); 
id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 882 (1880). 
Adult male. General plumage violet-shaded blue-black, duller and 
less violet, on the lower back and upper tail-coverts and abdomen; 
iris red; bare skin round the eye, bill, and legs black. Total length 
22 inches, culmen 1*1)5, wing 10, tail 11-25, tarsus 2*1. 

Bab. Island of Misori, in the Bay of Geelvink, 

8. Centropus bernsteini *. 
Centropus 
bemsteini, Schl. Ned. Tijdschr. v. Dierk. iii. p. 2ol 
(1806), iv. p. 11 (1871) ; Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xiii. 

p. 81 (1876). 
Nesocentor bernsteini, Meyer, Mitth. Zool. Mus. Dresd. i. p. 17, note 
(1875). 
(Jentropus spilopterus, pt.; Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xiii. 

p. 81 (1876). 
Polopiiilus bernsteini, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 463 (1878); 
d'Alb. Sf Salvad. op. cit. xiv. p. 46 (1870); Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, 

i. p. 388 (1880). 
Adult. Entirely black, with a strong greenish gloss, and glossy 
black shafts to the feathers of the top of the head, neck, mantle, and 
chest. Bill and logs black; iris dirty whitish. Total length 18-5 
inches, culmen 1*45, wing 7*5, tail 10*7, tarsus T75. 


Hah, Now Guinea. 

a. Ad. * b. Irani, sk. New Guinea. Wallace Coll. 
9. Ceutropus spilopteras. 
(Jentropus spilopteras, Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 184 • id. Cat. B. New 
Guin. p. 48 (L859;; id. P. Z. S. 1801, p. 437 ; Schl Ned. Tijdschr. 

v. Dierk. iii. p. 338 (I860) ; Rosenb. Pels, naar ZuidoostereiL 
p. 82 (1867); Gray, Hantirl B. ii. p. 214, no. 8D78 (1870) • Schl. 
Ned. Tijdschr. o. Dierk. iv. p. 11 (1871); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. 
Soc, Zool. xiii. p. 81 (1878, pt.) ', Rosenb. Malay. Archip. p. 371 
(1878)-Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 463 (1878), xiv. 
p. 645 (1879). 
Nesocentor spilopteras, Cab. $• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 120, note 
(1862). 
Polopiiilus spilopteras, Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 386 (1880). 

Immature male (Ke Island). Brownish black, with broad glossy 
black shafts to the feathers of the head, neck3 and chest; on the 
wings some of the feathers irregularly mottled with buff, indicating 

* Le Coucal negre, LevailL Ols. Afr. v. p. 84, pi. 322 (1806). 
Polopiiilus maurus, Btcph. Gen. Zool. is. p. 57 (1815). 
Osntropus asthiops, Guv. Bhyne An. i. p. 426 (1817).' 
Corydoiiix Trigeminus. Viei'lL Nouv. Diet, xxxiiv. p. 297 (1819). 
Tliefigure of Levaillant's " Ooucal negre" somewhat resembles Gentropusbernsteini. but the account of its liabirs is fabulous. 

18 . COTIKOPtJS. 
m 

bars : bill and legs blackish brown. Total length. 21 inches, culmen 
1*05, wing 9-1, tail 12*4, tarsus 2-1. 
Hab. Ke Islands. 

a. tf 
vix ad. sk. Ke Islands. Wallace Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
10. Centropus min&orensis. 
Centrococcyx mindorensis, *Bteere, List Birds $ Mamm. Steere 
Exped. Philijjp. p, 12 (1890). 
Centropus mindorensis, Ilartert, Kat. Yog. Mm. Senckenb., App. 

p. 253 (1891). 
^ 
Adult male. Similar in plumage to Oentropus bernsteini, but differs 
in having the bill scarcely more than half the size, the culrnen more 
curved, with a groove following the line of the culrnen in front of the 
nostril: " bill black, paler towards the tip • legs black; iris bright 
dark red " (J. B. Steere). Total length 17 inches, culrnen 1*15, 
wing 0-2, tail 9*7, tarsus 1*5. 

The specimen has a few white feathers on the front of the chest, 
probably due to albinism. 
Bob. Island of llindoro, Philippines. 

a. 
c? ad. sk. Calapan, Mindoro, E. L. Moseley, Esq. [0.1 
May 28. 
11. Centropus nigricans, 
Polopliilus sj)., Salvad. Ann. 3Ius. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 813 (1875). 
Polophilus nigricans, Salvad. Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. ix. p. 17 (1870), 

xiii. p. 403 (1878); id. Orn. Papuasia, i, p. 300 (1880). 
Centropus melanurus (nee Gould), Ramsay, Pr. Linn. Soe. N. #» 
Wales, i, p. 394(1870). 
Centropus nigricans, Sharpe, Journ. Linn, Soe., Zool. xiv. p. 020 (1879). 
Centropus spilopterus (nee Gray), Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. 

xiii. pp. 81, 310 (1877), 491 (1878) j Ramsay, Pr. Linn. Soc. 
N. S. W. iii. p. 258 (1878), iv. p. 90 (1879) j Salvad. Ibis, 1879, 
p. 321. 
Adult male (Yule Island). Differs from O* spilopterus in having 
the mottling on the wing slightly more pronounced and browner, 
and the upper tail-coverts and two centre tail-feathers marked 
with irregular brownish-buff bars. Total length 23*2 inches, culrnen 
1-45, wing 9, tail 13*3, tarsus 2. Another, from Port Moresby, 
differs in having every feather of the wing marked with distinct 
wavy pale bars, mostly buff on the coverts and outer webs of the 
quills, and bright chestnut on the inner webs of the latter; most of 
the glossy shafts of the feathers of the mantle are buff, and the upper 
tail-coverts and most of the tail-feathers are irregularly barred, the 
latter having narrow white ends. Total length 20*5 inches, culrnen 
1-45, wing 8*2, tail 12*6, tarsus 1'9„ A specimen from S.E. Neio 
Guineahos the upper part of the head, back of the neck, and scapulars 
rufous-brown partially mottled with black concentric bars, all 
these feathers as well as those of the mantle, throat, and chest have 
glossy buff shaft-stripes; the wings and tail are very similar to 

340 ctrcuttD.li. 

those of the last specimen, but the pale markings are rather 
stronger and more marked on the ends of the quills and outer 
tail-feathers ; the eyebrows and the underparts are buff, the latter 
rather irregularly mottled and barred with black, especially on the 
tail-coverts ; under surface of the wing black, with a few partial 
narrow bars showing through. Total length 23*6 inches, oilmen. 
1-55, wing 9-4, tail 14*2, tarsus 2*1. 

Ilab. South-eastern New Guinea. 

a. <$ ad. sk. East Cape, New Guinea. 0. Himstein [0.]. 
b. Ad. ; c. Imm. sk. S.E. New Guinea. Seebohm Coll. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Yule Island, S.E. New Seebohm Coll. 
Guinea; Nov. (Dr. 
James). 
e,f, <J J ad. sk. Sogere district, Astrolabe H. O.Forbes, Esq. [0.]. 

range, Sept. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Port Moresby. Seebohm Coll. 
i, h.Ad.; J.Imm. sk. Port Moresby. Forbes Coll. 

m. d ad. sk. Port Moresby, Dec. (Dr. Tweeddale Coll. 
0. Finsch). 
11. Centropus phasianus. 
Cuculus phasianus, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. Suppl p. 30 (1801). 
Ooucal geant, Levaill Ois. Afr. v. p. 64, pi. 223 (1800) ; Sundev. 
Krit. Framst. om Levaill. p. 49. 

Polophilus phasianus, Leach, Zool. Misc. i. p. 116, pi. 46 (1814); 
Steph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 48, pi. 11 (1815) ; Cab. § Heine, Mus. 
Ilein. iv. p. 121 (1802). 

Polophilus variegatus, Leach, Zool. Misc. i. p. 116, pi. 51 (1814) ; 
Steph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 47, pi. 10 (1815). 
Polophilus leucogaster, Leach, Zool Misc. i. p. 117, pi. 52 (1814) ; 

Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 49, pi. 12 (1815). 
Polophilus gigas, Steph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 45 (1815). 
Oentropus phasianus, Temm. Mem. Orn. i. p. lxxiv (1815); Vig. 

§ Horsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 306 (1824) ; Steph. Gen. Zool xiv. 

p. 214 (1826); Gould, Litr. B. Austr. p. OS (1848) ; id. B. Austr. 
iv. pi. 92 (1848) ; Blyth, Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 78 (1849); Bp. 
Consp, i. p. 108 (1850) ; Reichb. Vog. Neuholl ii. pp. 118, 310 
(1850) ; Bp. Consp. Vol. Zijgocl p. 5 (1854); Schl Mus. Pays-
Bas, Cuculi, p. 63 (1864); Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 634 
(1865) • Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 214, no. 8982 (1870); Ramsay, 
P. Z. S. 1875, p. 601 ; Forbes, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 125 ; id. Rep. Voy. 
(Challenger; ii. p. 90 (1880); Sharpe, Voy. ' Alert,9 p. 25 (1884); 
Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 15. 
Corydonix phasianus, Vieill. N. Bid xxxiv. p. 295 (1819). 
Corydonix giganteus, Vieill. £ c. p. 295. 
Corydonix variegatus, Vieill t. c. p. 298. 
Oentropus variegatus, Vig.fyHorsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 214 (1824) ; 


Steph. Gen. Zool xiv. p. 214 (1826); Gray. Gen. B. ii. p. 455 

(1846). 
Oentropus gigas, Steph. Gen. Zool xiv. p. 214 (1826). 
Oentropus macrourus, Gould, Introd. B. Austr. p. 68 (1848) ; id. B. 

Austr. iv. text to pi. 92 (1848); Reichb. Vog. Neuholl ii, pp. 119, 

18. cENTRorirs. 
341 
310 (1830) ; Bp. Cousp. I p. 108 (1850); Gould, Ilandb. B.Austr 

i. p. 63G (1865); Gray, Iland-L B. ii. p. 214, no. 8983 (1870). 
Centropua 
melanurus, Gould, Intr. B. Austr. p. 08 (1848); id. B. 
Austr. iv. text to pi. 92 (1848) ; BeicJib. Voq. Netdioll. ii. pp. 119, 
310 (1850):, Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850); Gray, IIand-lB.il 

p. 214, no. 8984 (1870); Ramsay, Broc. Linn. Son. N. S. Wales, 
(2) ii. p. 170 (1887). 
Polopliilus melanurus, Cab. # Heine, Mm. Rein, iv. p. 121 (1862). 
Adult male in breeding-plumage. Head, neck, and entire under*parts 
black glossed with green and with glossy shaft-stripes to the 
feathers: wings chestnut, barred with black and buff; tho wing-
coverts and innermost secondaries with distinct white shafts; back 
brownish black glossed with green; rump, upper tail-coverts, and 
tail glossy greenish black, with numerous irregular bars of rufous, 
buff, or white; under surface of tho quills chestnut with partial 
black bars, broadest at their ends; under wing-coverts very similar 
but more buff: "bill horny black, iris rich golden yellow; legs 
slate-colour " (F. T. Gregory). Total length 23*3 inches, culmen 1*6, 
wing 10*4, tail 14*5, tarsus % 

Adult male in non-breeding plumage. Upper half of the head and 
back of the neck chestnut, with buff shaft-stripes to each feather, 
mottled towards the mantle with some narrow wavy black bars ; 
wings, when closed, buff crossed by irregular bars of rufous, each of 
which is encircled by a broad black margin; the inner webs of the 
quills and their shafts mostly rich chestnut; back dusky brown; 
rump, upper tail-coverts, and tail similar in all plumages, glossy 
greenish black with numerous irregular fulvous bars; underparts buff 
with stiff glossy fulvous shafts to the feathers of the throat and chest; 
sides of the body and the thighs narrowly barred with black, and 
the under tail-coverts black, narrowly barred with buff: bill ashy 
brown, passing into yellow beneath; iris orange ; legs slate-colour. 
Total length 22-5 inches, culmen 1-6, wing 9*5, tail 12*7, tarsus 2. 

Hab. Australia. 

«, b. Ad.; c, d. Australia. Tweeddale Coll. 
Imm. sk. 
e, f, g. Ad.; h. Australia. Seebohm Coll. 
Imm. sk. 
%, h. Ad. sk. Australia, April 23 (F. T. Gould Coll. 

Greqory). 
I Ad. sk. New South Wales. Gould Coll. 
m, n. Ad. sk. Richmond River, New South Seebohm Coll. 

"Wales. 

o. Imm. sk. Queensland. Tweeddale Coll. 
p. Imm. sk. Port Molle, Queensland Voy. of H.M.S. 
(Dr. Coppinger). i j^iert/ 
q, Imm. sk. Moreton Bay, Aug. J. R. Elsey, Esq.[P.]. 
r, s. Imm. sk. Percy Islands, July (F. Voy. of H.M.S. 

M. Bayner). < Herald.' 
t, 
u. Ad.; v, %o. Somerset, Cape York Tweeddale Coll. 
Imm. sk. (Cocherell $ Thorpe). 

x. Ad. sk. Gape York. Gould Coll. 
y, 
$ imm. sk, 4* ape York, Vov. of II.M.S. 
' Challenger.' 

342 
CTrcxruDJE. 

s, a', b'. Imm.; c', 

d. Ad. sk. 
c'. 2 inrm. sk. 
/' . cJ ad.; r/, /,', i'. 
$ $ imm. sk. 
k'. $ ad.; I'. Imm. 

sk. 
m'. Ad.; ri, o', 
Imm. sk. 
p'. Imm. st. 
g'r. Ad.; r'3 b', f. 
Imm. sk. 
u'f v'. J imm. sk. 

w\ Skeleton. 
,T'. Skeleton. 


Cape York (J. T. CoeherelT). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Possession Island, Endeavour 
Strait {Br. Coppmger). 
Northern Australia. 

Port Essington (J. B. Jukes). 

Port Essington. 

N.W. Australia. 
N.W. Australia. 
N.W. Australia* T. ILBowyer 
Bower). 
Port Essington. 
Port Essington. 

Voy. ot H.M.S. 
i Alert.' 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Voy. of H.M.S. 
<Ry.' 
Capt. Chambers [P.]. 

Sir G. Grey [P.]. 
J.B.ElseyjEsq.iR]. 

Capt. Bowyer Boss er 

m * 

Purchased. 
Eyton Coll. 

12. Centropus cMororhynclius. 
Centropus chlororhynehus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xviii. p. 805 (1849); 
id. Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 78 (1849) ; Gray, Gen. B. iii. App. 

p. 22 (1849); Kelaart, Brodr. Cat. p. 128 (1852); Bp. Consp. Vol. 
Zygod. p. 5 (1854); Layard, Ann. §• Mag JV. II. xiii. p. 450 
(1854) ; Schl MILS. Bays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 04 (1804) ; Blyth Ibis, 
1807, p. 298 ; Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 214, no. 8968 (1879) ; Holds-
worth, P.Z.8. 1872, p. 433- Legge, B. Ceylon, i. p. 203, pi. 13 
(1879). 
Centrocoocyx chlororhynehus, 
Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iy. p. 11(5. 
note (1862); Kwne, Str. F. viii. p. 82 (1879). 

Adult male. Wings deep chocolate, shaded with chestnut, slightly 
darker on the innermost feathers and with the ends of the quills 
dark brown; under wing-coverts black ; remainder of the plumage 
black, glossed on the back of the head and the whole of the neck 
with lilac-purple; back almost without gloss; tail glossed with 
greenish blue: " bill pea-green, blackish round the nostrils and 
base of lower mandible• iris dark crimson ; legs black v (Legge). 
Total length 17 inches, culmen 1*8, wing 6*3, tail 9*3, tarsus 1*7. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 17 
inches, culmen 1-8, wing 6*8, tail 9*4, tarsus 1*8. 

Hal. Ceylon. 
a-r. <$ 2 ad.; s. Ceylon, March, April (H. Tweeddale Coll. 
Juv. sk. 
t Ad. sk. 
u. $ ad. sk. 
v. $ ad. sk. 
w. $ ad. sk. 
Nevill). 
Ceylon. 
Eatnapura, Aug. 11. 
Kandy, June. 
Pusewella, Dec. 18 (#. 
Hume Coll. 
Colonel Legge [P.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
x. S ad. sk. 
Chapman). 
Avisawella, July 8 (W. Hume Coll. 
y, z. <$ ad. &k« 
a'.$ ad. sk. 
' V.Legge). 
Avisawella, Jidy (W. V. 
Legge). 
Ilanwella, March (W. V. 
Legge). 
Seebohm Coll. 
Peebohni Coll, 

18 . CUNTROPTTS, 
343 

13. Centropus rectunguis. 
Centropus rectunguis, Strickl. P. Z. S. 1840, p. 104; Blyth, Cat. B 
Mm. As. Soc. p. 321 (1810); Strickl Ann. $ Mag! N. II. xix. 

p. 134 (1850) ; Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 07 (pi., 1804); 
Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 213, no. 8958 (1870) ; 8nelleman,in Vcttts 
Midden Sumatra, Vog. p. 34 (1884). 
Centrocoecyx rectunguis, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 114 (1802) ; 
Hume, Str. F. xiii. p. 55 (1870); Buttikofer, Notes Lei/den Mm, 
1880, p. 32, 

Adult. Upper* back and wings chestnut, with the under wing-
coverts black; remainder of the plumage black, brightly glossed with 
green on the head, back, and lower breast and with blue on tho 
neck, chest, and tail: "bill and legs black; iris red" (Davison). 
Total length 14*6 inches, culmen 1*65, wing 6, tail 7*5, tarsus 1#7. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the head and neck 
brown; the upper surface darker, consisting of rufous-brown and 
black bars, and the under surface paler, being much barred with 
buff and having stiff fulvous shaft-stripes • a few narrow black bars 
crossing some of the wing-feathers; lower chest and abdomen 
greenish black, mottled with narrow black bars; upper mandible 
dark horn-colour, passing into yellowish buff on the lower mandible. 
Total length 4-2 inches, culmen 14, wing 6, tail 8*5, 
tarsus 1*9. 

Hab. The Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. 

a. Ad. sk.
b, c. Ad.; d. Jnv. sk. 
Penang (R. Swinhoe). 
Malacca. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
e,f. Ad.; g, h. Juv. Malacca (Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. 
i, fa Ad.; I. Imm. sk.
m. Ad. sk. 
Malacca, July ( W, Davison). 
Sarawak (H. Everett). 
Hume Coll 
Tweeddale Coll. 

14. Centropus sinensis. 
Polophilus sinensis, Steph, Gen. Zool. vs.. p. 51 (1815). 

Centropus bubutus, Horsf. Tram. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 180 (1821) ; id. 
Zool Research. Java, pi. 00 (1824) ; Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 5 
(1854). 

Chestnut Ooucal, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. iii. p. 243, pi. 54 (1822). 
Centropus pliilippensis, vai\ javanica, Horsf. Zool. Research. Java, 
text to pi. 60 (1824). 

Centropus cftstanopterus, Steph. Gen. Zool xiv. p. 215 (1820); 
Heifer, J. A. S. Beng. 1838, p. 802; Smith, op. eit. 1841, p. 058. 
Centropus pliilippensis {nee Cui\), Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 08; 


McClelland, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 1G6; Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 1842, 

p. 1099, 1843, p. 246, 1844, p. 945, 1845, p. 202 ; 8. Mull Verh. 
Land- en Folk. p. 405 (1839-44) ; Blyth, Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. 
1847, p. 385; id. Cat. B. Mus. As. Soe. p. 78 (1849) ; Layard, Ann. 
$ Mag. Nat. Hist 1854, xiii. p. 450; Motley fyDilhoyn, Contr. Nat. 
Hist. Labuan, p. 54 (1855) ; Irby, Ibis, 1801, p. 230; Scl. P. Z. S. 
1863, p. 209. 

344 
CTTCTTLIDiE. 

Cuculus philippensis, Sundev. Physiogr. Stilish. Tijdshr. 1837, p. 107; 

Striehl. Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist 1846, p. 401. 
Oentropus pyrrliopterus, Jerd. Madras Journ. xi. p, 224 (1840). 
Cuculus fasciatus, Smith, J. A. S. Beng. 1841, p. 659. 
Oentropus sinensis, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xii. p. 247 (1843), xiv. 

p. 202 (1845) ; id. App. Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. xix (1852); Sioinh. 
Ibis, 1861, p. 49; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 214, no. 8965(1870) ; 
Swinh. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 893; David $ Oust. Ols. Chine, p. 58 
(1877) ; Styan, Ibis, 1887, p. 230. 
Oentropus einycercus, Hay, J. A. S. Beng. xiv. p. 551 (1845); Blyth, 
Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 78 (1849); Bp. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 5 
(1854) ; Horsf. § Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. p. 685 (185658) 
; Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 66 (1864); Gray, Hancl-l 

B. ii. p. 212, no. 8903 (1870) ; Blyth § Waklen, Cat Mamm. $ 
B. Burma, p. 82 (1875) ; Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 288; Hume, Str. 
F. v. p. 27 (1877); Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, p. 54; 8nelle?nan, in 
Vethh Midden Sumatra, Tog. p. 34 (1884); Bkttik. Notes Ley den 
Mm. 1886, p. 32. 
Oentropus rufipennis {nee III.), Blyth, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. 1843, 

p. 95 j id. Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. pp. 321, xix (1849); Horsf. §* 
Moore, Cat B. Mus. B.L Co. ii. p. 681 (1856-5S); Jerd. B. hid. i. 
p. 348 (1862) ; Schl Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 68 (1864); Gray, 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 213, no. 8961 (1870); Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 15; 
Hume, Nests $ Eggs Bid. B. p. 142 (1873) ; id. Str. F. i. p. 173 
(1873), Adams, t. c. p. 374; Morgan, Ibis, 1875, p. 315; Blyth 
Sf Walden, B. Burma, p. 81 (1875); Fairbanh, Str. F. vL 
p. 255 (1876); Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 260 (1880); Marshall, Ibis, 
1884, p. 411. 
Oentropus viridis {nee Scop.), Sioinh. P, Z. 8. 1863, p. 266; id. Ibis. 
1870, p. 235. 
Oentropus "borneensis, Bp. Co7isp. Vol Zygod. p. 5 (1854); Gray 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 213, no. 8962 (1870). 
Oentrococcyx rufipennis, 
Cab. $* Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 115 (1862); 
Ball, Str. F. iii. p. 394 (1874); Fairbanh, op. cit. vi. p. 297 (1877) ; 
(1877); Davidson $ Wenden, op. cit vii. p. 79 (1878) ; Ball, t. o. 

p. 207; Hume, op. cit. viii. p. 89 (1879); Vidal, op. cit ix. p. 56 
(1880) ; Butler, t c. p. 389 ; Davison, op. cit. x. pp. 299, 361 
(1881); A. Midi J. f. O. 1882, p. 411; Sioinh. § Barnes, Ibis, 
1885, p. 64; A. Mill J.f.O. 1885, p. 157. ^ 
Oentrococcyx sinensis, Cab. <$• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 116 (1862). 

Oentrococcyx eurycercus, 
Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 116, note 
(1862); Wall Ibis, 1872, p. 366; Hume, Str. F. i. p. 453 (1873); 
Sahad. TJcc. Borneo, p. 78 (1874); Hume, Str. F. ii. pp. 193, 473 
(1874), iii. p. 83 (1875); Armstrong, op. cit Iv. p. 312 (1876) ; 
Sharpe, Ibis, 1877, p. 8; Tiueedd. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 614; Sharpe, 

P. Z. S. 1879, p. 328; Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiv. p. 188 
(1879); Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 55 (1879"); Kelham, Ibis, 1881, 
p. 394; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 793; Wardlaw Ramsay, App. 
Tweedd. Orn. Works, p. 656 (1881); Blasius,J.f. 0.1882, p. 247; 
A. Midi Orn. Ins. Salanga, p. 60 (1882); Nicholson, Ibis, 1883, 
p. 241; Blasius, Verk zool-bot Ges. Wien, xxxiii. p. 39 (1883); 
Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 406; Sahad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 
iv. p. 533 (1887); Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 198; Everett, P. Z. S. 
1889, p. 226; Hartert, J. f. O. 1889, p. 372 ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, 
p. 13; Whitehead, t c. p. 46; Everett, Journ. Straits Branch As* 
Soc. 1889, p. 175. 
Oentrococcyx validus, Heine, J. f. 0,1863, p. 357. 


18 . CENTKOPUS. 345 
Centrococcyx intermedins, Hume, iStr. F. i. p, 454 (1873); id. 8? 
Davison, op. cit. vi. p. 108 (1878); Cripps, op. cit. vii. p. 200 
(1878); Hume, op. cit. yiii. pp. 89, 155 (1879); Bingham, op. cit. 

ix. p. 109 (1880) ; lieid, op. cit. x. p. 28 (1881); Oaies,t. c.p. 19(3; 
id. Handb. B. Brit. Burmah, ii. p. 120 (1883) ; JSalvad. Ann, 
Mm. Civ. Gen. (2) iv. p. 583 (1887); id. op. cit v. p. 509 (1888). 
Centrococcyx maximus, Hume, Sir. F. i. p. 454 (1873). 
Centropus intermedins, Oates, Sir. F. v. p. 145 (1877). 
Centrococcyx acheenensis, Hume, &tr. F, vi. p. 171 (1878). 

Adult male* General plumage "black, with the wings and upper 
back chestnut; head, neck, and chest giossed with purplish blue • 
remainder of the body, lower back, upper tail-coverts, and tail 
glossed with purplish green; primaries with brown ends; inner 
secondaries slightly tinted with brown ; under wing-coverts glossy 
black : " bill and legs black; iris crimson " (JDaviso'ii). Total length 
22 inches, culmen 1-65, wing 8*8, tail 12*3, tarsus 2-3. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 20*5 
inches, culmen 1-8, wing 8*3, tail 11-2, tarsus 2*2. 

Immature. Plumage duller than in the adult and generally of a 
greener shade; sides of head and front of neck with buffy whito 
spots, increasing into bars on the body; mantle, some of the wing-
coverts, and the innermost secondaries barred with black; upper 
tail-coverts narrowly barred with buff; tail glossy greenish black, 
with no blue shade. 

It will be seen from the above synonymy that I have been unable 
to satisfy myself respecting the alleged distinctions which have 
induced ornithologists to recognize such a number of different 
forms of this Lark-heeled Cuckoo. My experience of the large 
series which is now in the possession of the British Museum 
induces me to believe that there is no constant character, cither in 
plumage or in dimensions, which can be found available for the 
separation of any of the alleged species; on the contrary, a perfect 
gradation both in size and coloration unites every so-called race. 

Hob. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon; Burmese Countries to China; 
Malayan Peninsula and Indo-Malayan Islands. 

a-e. Ad. sk.
f-n. Ad. sk. 
Ceylon. 
Ceylon, Dec, March, April(S. Chapman § H. Nevill). 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
o,p. <S ad. sk. Ragam Corale, Ceylon, July Hume Coll. 
a. Ad. st.
(Mart), 
India". General Hardwicke 
r. $ ad. sk. Colachul, Feb.
[P.]. 
Hume Coll. 
s, t. Ad. sk.
u. Ad. sk.
v-a\ Ad. et 
Anjango, Travancore, Dec.
(F. Bourdillon). 
Travancore. 
Malabar. 
Hume Coll. 
Eyton Coll, 
Seebohm Coll. 
hum. sk. 
V. 2 ad. sk.
- 
Coonoor Ghat, April 
(Ii. G. TV. It). 
Tweeddale Coll, 

r'-7tr. 6 ? ad. Nilghiris, Dec, March, April 
sk. ( W. Davison). 
/', m'} n'. c? ad .; Wynaacl, March, April, May 
0', />'. $ ad. 1sk. (W. Daviso?i). 
q', r\ 6 $ ad. Mysore, May, Aug. (W. J),). 

sk. 
s\ $ ad. sk. 


/', ?/, i?'. c? ad. 
sk. 
ID', <$ ad. sk. 

a*', ?/', »'. Ad. sk :.

«", //'. Ad. sk. 
c", d". d ad.; 
e". $ ad. sk. 

/". tf ad.; #", 
A", t". ? ad. 
sk. 

&", I", m". Ad. 

sk. 
w". Ad. sk. 
o",f. 6 $ ad. 

sk. 
q", r". <3 ? ad. 
sk. 
s". $ ad. sk. 

t". Ad. sk. 
u", v". Ad. sk. 
?/>". Ad. sk. 
&•". Ad. sk. 
2/", «". Ad. sk. 


<z3. $ ad.; £3. 
Juv. sk. 


tf-lK d ad. et 
imm; m^, ri*f 
o3. $ ad. sk. 

p3. Imm. sk. 
q\ Ad. sk. 
r3. $ ad. sk. 
s3. Ad. sk. 
t\ Ad. sk. 
zr3. $ ad. sk. 
v2, w\ Ad. sk. 
x^-aK Ad.; R 

Imm. sk. 
c\ dL, el. Ad. sk. 
fL, $ juv. sk. 
<^. Ad. sk. 
X*. Ad. sk. 
tf-oK Ad.; pK 

Imm. sk. 
^4, Ad. sk. 
vK Ad. sk, 

Bangalore, April {B. G. 

W. JR.). 
Belgaum, March, June, Julv 

(JE. A. Butler). 

South of Godavery river, March

(W. T, Blanford). 
South Konkan, March, April 
(G. Tided). 
Deccan (Sykes). 
Khandala, April (8. B. Fair-
bank). 

Ahmednuggur, Nov., Dec, 
Jan., March (& B. Fair-
bank ). 


Khandeish. 

Satpura Hills, Feb. 
Simibalpur, Dec. 


Mhow, Nov., Dec. 

Manpur, May. 

Kamptee. 
Saugor (W. T. Hooper). 
Sindh (JDr. H. Gould). 
Sindh. 
Sukkur, Sindh, Nov., Dec. 


(A. 0. BJ). 
Eastern Narra, Sindh, Oct., 
Nov. (Scrope Doig). 
Gurgaon distr., March, Mav, 
July, Nov. (W. N. Chill). 


Dehra Dhoon, March. 
Saharunpur (Dr. JRoyle). 
Umbala,Feb. (JDr. Scoff). 
Kumaon (Sfrachey). 
Kumaon, 
Cawnpore, Jan. 
Allahabad, Dec. (J. Cockhini). 


N.W. Provinces. 
Oucih, Nov., Dec, Jan. 
Kahimabad, Aug. (G. JReid). 
Lucknow, March. 
Behar. 
Nepal. 


Sikhim. 
Darjiling. 


Plume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

TSveeddaleColl. 

TVeeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Colonel Swinhoe 
[p.]. 
Colonel Svdnhoe 
[P.]. 

Dr. B. Hinde [P.]. 
India Museum. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Pinwill Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Colonel Way [P.]. 
Hodgson Coll. 
Hodgson Coll. 

Hume Coll 
India Museum. 

18. CENTROrUS. 347 
sK Ad. sk. 

p-ioK Ad. sk. 

#*, if. Ad.; zK 

Imm. sk. 
a\ Ad.sk. 
b'% c5. Ad. sk. 

&\ Ad.; e\ 
Imm. sk. 
/^-TC5. tf ? ad. 

sk. 
o5. cJ ad. sk. 
/ . Ad. sk. 
qK cS ad. sk. 
r5. c? ad. sk. 

s5. Ad.; <{', w\ 
Imm. sk. 
v5, to*, x'\ Ad.; 
?/5-c°. Imm. sk. 
db. <? ad. sk. 

eG' <$ ad. sk. 

f-rQ. Ad. 5 a0. 

Imm. sk. 
?, u\ v°. Ad.; 
wG, x*9 yc\ 


Imm. sk. 
zu. S ad* sk. 
«7, J7, c? ad. sk. 

c7. $ ad. sk. 

cV. S ad. sk. 
e7. J ad. sk. 
Z7 

. $ juv. sk. 
g1. $ ad. sk. 


h7 

. $ juv. sk. 

i7 

. J ad. sk. 
F, l7f m7. d ad.; 
n7, o7. $ ad. sis 
f, J ad. sk. 

#7 

. $ ad. sk. 
r7-mH. c^ $ ad. 
sk. 
n8, o8. Ad. sk. 

88 a<^ s^


p, q. 2

r8. Ad. sk. 
s\ Ad. sk. 


Buxa Doars, Jan. (L. Mandelli). 


Bhotan Doars, Jan., Feb., 
March. (X. Mandelli). 
Assam (McClelland). 

Garo Hills. 

N. Kkasia Hills, Feb. (A. W. 
Chennell). 
Cachar (J. Digits). 

Manipur, Feb., March, April 

(A. 0. JS1). 
Faridpur, May (J. R. Cripps). 
Dacca. 
Calcutta (A. O. IL). 
Maunbhooni, Jan. (R. C, 
Beavan). 

Karen Hills, Aug-. (22. (?. IF. 

Tonghoo, Jan., May, Aug., 
Sept. (R. G. W. R.). 
Elephant Point, Jan. (J. 
Armstrong). 
Borougho Is., March (J. 
Armstrong). 


Pegu, Dec, Jan.-March, June, 
Aug. (E. W. Oates). 
Thayetmyo, Dec-May (E. W. 
Oates). 

Kangoon, June (R. G. W. R.) 
Pahpoon, Jan., Feb. ( W. 
Davison). 

Thoungsha Gyne R., March 

(W. Davison). 
Pabyouk, March (W.I).). 
KolKdoo, July. 
Kaukaryit, July (/. Barling). 
Iloungthraw Iiiver, Feb. (TV. 
Li?nborg). 
Myawaddy, Oct. (C. T. Bing


ham). 
Karope, March (W. Davison). 
Amherst, Jan., June, July 


(W.Davison). 
Meeta Myo, April ( W. Davi


son). 
Yeaboo, Dec. (/. Darling). 
Tavoy, Jan.-June (W. Davi


son). 
Mergui, June-Nov. (W. Davison). 
Pakchan, Dec, Jan. (W, Davi


son). 
Siam (Sir R. Schomburgk), 
Bangkok (Mouhot). 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll, 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll, 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Plume Coll. 
Major Bingham [P.]. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 


Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

848 

t\ Ad. sk. 
«*. Irani, sk. 
tf-b*. $ ad.; 


c\<P,e*. 2 

act sk. 
f\g\ S ad.sk. 
Ii9. 3 ad. ,<k. 
i2, k\ 6 ? ad. 

sk. 
Z9-^. Ad.;;/, 


A5. Irani, sk. 
r°. Imm. >k. 
/'. £ imm. >k. 

r. J imm. sk. 
2/'. <J ad. fck. 
r9-tf! . Ad. et 
imm. sk. 
e». Ad.;A 

r/&. Imm. sk. 
fr\r-,7i0. Ad.; 
/* . Imm. sk. 
?HIO-0T . Ad. fik. 

sk. 
f\vl\ Ad.sk. 
tJ% ?rl . Ad.; 

xl . Imm. sk. 
yl Ad.: a1 
//•*, e:i. Imm. 
sk 
dlK Ad. sk. 
el\f\AA.iglK 

Imm, sk. 
>S11. ? ad. sk. 
a11. Imm. sk. 

7*V" d? ad-; 

wi11. § imm. sk 
w11. Bones of 
trunk. 
0J1, Skeleton. 

CCCUimag. 

Cambodia (JiV^o/).
Stogon.
Kossoum, April, May, July {J.


Salang. March (J". Darling). 
Tapraw, April (J". Darling)* 
Poongyahj July, Aug. (J. 


Darling'). 
Malacca, July (IT. Davison). 

Malacca (Dr. Maingay). 
Pulo Seban, Oct. < W. Da


risort). 
Kuroo, Nov. I W. Daiiw/i). 
Acheen, Sumatra, Feb. (W* 

Davison). 

Sumatra, Sept., Oct. 

Lampong (E. C. Buxton). 

Java. 

Bonn u. 
Sarawak [A. H. Everett). 

Labnan. 
Puerto Princesa, Palawan, 
Pec, Jan. (A. II Everett). 
Nin*rpo, Dec.? Jan., March, 
Aug. 

Fokien. 
FoocBow, 3Iay, Sept. (B. 


Sicinlme). 
Hongkong, April (JR. 8.). 
C!anton. 
Hainan, Feb. {B. 8.). 

Nepal. 

India. 

 Tweeddale Coll. 

 M . E. Pierre [P.!. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll, 

{Type of C. aclieenend^. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
SeeLohm Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Sir II. Low XV. 
Tweeddale Coll" 

Consul Swinhoe XV 

Gould Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coil. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 

Purchased. 

15. Centropus purpureas. (Plate XIII.) 
Cuculus bobutus {nee Horsf.), Baffl, Trans. Linn* 8oe. xiii. p. 280 
(1820). 
Adult. Head, neck, and body black, with broad glossy purplish 
edges to all the feathers; wings chestnut, inclining to rufous-buff 
on the lesser wing-coverts; scapulars, innermost secondaries, and 
back very dark brown, the remainder of the secondaries broadly 
edged with that colour, the primaries and greater wing-eoverts with 
broad ends of the same dark brown eolour; rump and upper taileoverts 
slightly glossed with purple ; tail dull blackish brown like 

18 . CENTROPUS. 
349 
the inner half of the wings. Total length 18 inches, culmen 1-7, 

wing 8-3, tail 9*6, tarsus 2*3. 
A specimen of this very distinct species marked " Centronics purjpureus," 
was purchased many years ago from the Laugier Collection. 
The habitat attached to the specimen was " Mindanao/7 but recent 
explorers in that island have failed to re-discover the species, and 
the locality is probably erroneous. I have found a second specimen 
in the Museum from Sumatra, obtained in that island by Sir S. 
Baffles, and this is probably the correct habitat of the species. I 
hare adopted the MSS. name o£ purpureas, though I cannot find that 
it has ever been mentioned in print. 

Rah. Sumatra. 
a. Ad. sk. [Sumatra.] Laugier Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Sumatra (Sir 8. Raffles). India Museum. 

16. Centropus viridis. 
Coueou vert d'Antigua^ 8onn. Voy. Nouv. Gain, p, 121, pi. 80 

(1776). 
Guculus viridis, Scop. Del. Fl. Faun. Insub. ii. p. 89 (1786). 
Cuculus segyptius, Gm. Syst Nat i. p. 420, vars. 0, y (1788). 
Coueou des Philippines, Buff. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 369 (1770); 

Daubent. PL Enl. 824 (1783). 
Polopliilus viridis, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 55 (1815). 
Centropus rufipennis, 111 Abhandl. Berl. Acad. 1816, p. 224. 
Cuculus philippensis, Cuv. Begne An. i. p. 436 (1817). 
Corydonix viridis, Vieill. Nouv. Diet xxxiv. p. 299 (1818)• id. Enc. 

Meth. iii. p. 1335 (1823). 
Corydonix pyrrliopterus, Vieill. Enc. MSth. iii. p. 1353 (1823). 
Centropus viridis, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. vi. p. 1102 (1842); Gray, 

Gen. B. ii. p. 455 (1846); id. Hand-l. B. ii. p. 213, no. 8950 
(1870). 

Centrococcyx 
viridis, Cab. §• Heine, Mas. Hein. iv. p. 110, note 
(1862); Walden, Trans. Z. 8. viii. p. 68 (1872), ix. p. 163 (1875) ; 
id. P. Z. S. 1877, pp. 543, 691, 758, 823* Sharpe, Trans. Linn. 
Soc. 1877, p. 322 j Tmeedd. P. Z. S.1878, pp. 283, 341, 709,1879, 

p. 946; id. Rep. Voy. l Challenger,' ii. p. 15 (1880)• Wardlaw 
Mamsay, App. TweeddaWs Orn. Works, p. 658 (1880) • Kutter, 
J. f. O. 1882, p. 175; Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 257; 8teere, 
List Birds fy Mamm. Steere Exped. Philipp. p. 12 (1890). 
Adult male. General plumage glossy greenish black, with the 
wings deep chestnut; feathers of the head, neck, mantle, and chest 
with strong glossy shafts ; primaries with broad brown ends ; inner 
secondaries washed with brown; under wing-coverts greenish black, 
with a few of the greater ones rufous: " bill blackish 5 lower mandible 
leaden grey; legs darkest shade of leaden grey; iris crimson " 

(A. H. Everett). Total length 15*2 inches, culmen 1*25, wing 6*2, 
tail 9, tarsus 1*5. 
Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
17 inches, culmen 1*3, wing 6*4, tail 9, tarsus 1*7. 
Immature. Differs from the adult in having the head and neck 
mottled with buff spots or partial bars; the lower back and breast 

350 
CUCD"L1D-"E. 

partially barred with buff; all the wing-feathers barred with dusky 
black : " iris very pale raw sienna ; bill brownish black, with the 
mandible and tip of maxilla grey; legs and feet very dark grey v 

(A. II. Everett). 
In one immatuie specimen there are no dark bars on the wdngs, 
and only a few indications of bars on the scapulars. Unlike the 
following allied species, the present one appears to have no seasonal 
plumage. 

Hab. Philippine Islands. 

a. Ad. sk. Philippines. Purchased. 
b, c. $ ad.; d. Luzon, Jan., Feb. {A. B. Meyer). Tweeddale Coll. 
5 imm. sk. 

e. 6 ad.; /. $ Monte Alban, Luzon, Feb., Mar. Tweeddale Coll. 
imm. &k. {A. E. Everett). 
</, h. $ ad.; i, San Mateo, Luzon, Feb. (A. II. Tw eeddale Coll. 
k ($% juv. Everett). 
sk. 

/. Ad. sk. Manila. 
Gould Coll. 

m. <$ ad.; n, o, Cebu, March, Apiil (^i. II, Tweeddale Coll, 
p. $ ad. sk. Everett). 
q. Pull. &k. Samar, April 18. E. L. Moseley, Esq. 
[0.1. 
r. 
§ ad. sk. Ilo-ilo, Panay. Voy.oiTLM.S.' Challenger.' 
b. 
$ ad. &k. Negros, March (A. B. Meyer). Tweeddale Coll. 
t, u. tf ad. sk. Valencia, Negros, Aug. (A. II. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett). 

v. 5 ad. sk. (iuimaras, March (A. B. Meyer). Tweeddale Coll. 
to, i. <$ ad. fek. Surigao, May (A. H. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
y. 
2 ad.; a. tf Zamboanga, March (A. H, Tweeddale Coll. 
juv. sk, Everett). 
a', V. Ad. sk. Mactan, Aug., Sept. (A. H. Seebohm Coll. 
Everett). 
cr. <$ juv. &k. Laguna de Bai, Nov. 15 (A. H. Seebohm Coll. 
Everett). 
d'. Ad. &k, Brunei River. Bassett Smith, E^q. 

[P.]. 

17. Centropus toulou. 
Le Coucou de Madagascar, Briss Orn. p. 138, pi. 13. fig. 2 

(17G0). 
Cuculus toulou, P. Z. S. Mull. 8. N. 8uppl p. 90 (1776). 
Toulou, Month. Sv»t Nat. Ois. vi. p. 309, pi. xvii. (1779). 
Long-heeled Cuckoo, Lath. Gen. 8yn. i. p. 524 (1781). 
Le Coucou de Madagascar, appelle Toulou, Eaubent, PL Etil 295 

fio.l. 

Cuculus melanorhynchus, Bodd. Tail. PI. El, p. 18 (17&3). 
Cuculus tolu, Gm. 8. N. i. p. 422 (1788). 
Polophilus tolu, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 52 (1815). 
Centropus tolu, III. Abliandl. k Ak Wiss. Berlin, 1816, p. 224 


Bp. Consp. i. p. 107 (1850) ; id. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 15 (1854) 
Peh. Naum. 1858, p. 497 ; lioeh # E. Newton, Ibis, 1803, p. 100 

E. Newton, t.c. p. 452; 8cl. P. Z. S. 1803, p. 164; A. Neioton, 
P. Z. S. 1865, p. 834; Grand. Rev. et Mag. Zool 18G7, p. 389. 
18 . CMTKOJPUS. 
351 

Oorydomx tolu, Yieill. N. Diet, xxxiv. p. 295 (1819). 

Oentropus toulou, Temm. Tabl Meth. p. 53 (1838) ; Cass. Pr. Acad. 

Philad. 1804, p. 248; Gray, Iland-l B. ii. p. 214, no. 81)70; 

Sharpe, P. £. S. 1873, p. 024; IlartL Yog. Madag. p. 251 (1877). 

Oentropus melanorliynclius, Gray, Gen. B.\i. p. 455 (1840); Cab. # 

JTewifi, Mas. -HMW. iv. p. 108, note (1800). 

Oentropus stiperciliosus (nee Ilempr. § Eh\), IlartL J.f.O. I860, 

p. 108; id. Faun. Madagt p. 00 (1801). 
Oeitropus madagascariensis, Sclil. Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 05 
(18(34) j id. # Poll. Faun. Madag., Ok. p. 57 (1868); Milne-fflw. 
§ Grandid. Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. i. p. 170, Atlas, i. pis. 07, 08, 
09,70, 84,fig. juv. (1879). 

Oentropus 
lairesnayanus, Verr. in Vinson, Voi/. Madag. pp. 3, 5 
(1805) j id. Nouv. Arch. Mies. ii. p. 23, pi. 2 (1800): Gray, Hand-l 

B. ii. p. 214, no. 8971 (1870). 
Oentropus sakalava, Grandid. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1807, p. 87. 
Oentropus leucuropyga, Grandid* Rev. et Mag, Zool. 1807, pp. 87, 
255. 
Adult male in breeding-plumage. {Similar to C. viridis, but distinguished 
by the darker and more bluish shade of the head, neck, 
and upper back; the rufous colour of the wings slightly paler, and 
the under wing-coverts mostly rufous, often with no black on them; 
bill blackish, inclining to grey towards the tip and on the lower 
mandible; iris red; feet slaty grey. Total length 15*7 inches, 
culmen 1'2, wing 5-9, tail 9*4, tarsus 1*4. 

Adidt male in non-breeding plumage. Differs in the head, neck, 
and front of chest being brown, mottled with black and rufous, and 
with a buff shaft-stripe to each feather. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the wings barred 
with dusky black; the head, neck, and chest mottled with buff or 
rufous-buff bars, with only slight indications of shaft-stripes; entire 
body and tail barred with bnff, the latter mostly so towards the end. 

" Nestling. Black, barred with rufous above and with yellowish 
below" (Grandidier, 1. c. p. 180, pi. 84, fig. juv.). 

As the present species closely resembles C. viridis from the 
Philippines, it may be of service to point out the only really distinctive 
characters which separate the two birds, though even 
these are variable. In C. toulou, the colouring is slightly brighter 
and bluer on the head and neck, the under wing-covcrts mostly, 
if not entirely, rufous, occasionally with a black mottling. The 
buff shaft-stripes are rarely ever absent, especially towards the 
scapulars, and are never met with in specimens of G. viridis which 
lose all trace of immaturity on the wings. C. toulou has two 
distinct seasonal plumages, while C. viridis shows no such change. 

Oentropus leucuropyga Grand., is a remarkable variety mentioned 
by MM. Milne-Edwards and Grandidier as found throughout 
the west coast of Madagascar. It is of large size and with white 
upper tail-coverts ; but as these gentlemen insist that it is only a 
variety of C. toulou, I have united it to the latter, never having 
seen a specimen myself. 

Hob. Madagascar. 

352 CTTCUL1DJ3. 
a. Imrn. st. 
b, c. Ad. el imm. 
sk. 
Madagascar. 
Madagascar. 
Purchased. 
Pur chased. 
(I e. Ad. ; f-i. Madagascar. Seebohm Coll. 
Imm. &k. 
h, I, m. Ad. sk. 
?z. Imm. &k. 
Madagascar. 
Madagascar. 
Shelley Coll. 
C. F. Scott Elliot, 
o. $ juv. &k. Ankafana Forests, Feb. 
Deans Cowan). 
; W.
Esq. [P.], 
Tweeddale Coll. 
p. $ imm. bk. 
0. Bones of trunk. 
Nossi-Be. 
Madagascar. 
F. Pollen [C.]. 
Rev.W.Deans Cowan 
CO.]. 

18. Centropus bengalensis. 
Ouculus bengalensis, G?n. Sysi. Nat. i. p. 412 (1788). 
Centropus segyptms, var. y (nee Gm.)9 Lath. Bid. Orn. i. p. 213 (1790). 
PCoucal rufin, LevailL Ok. Afr. y. p. 82, pi. 221 (1800). 
PPolophilus latharni, Leach, Zool. Misc. i. p. 127, pi. 56 (1814). 
? Polopkilus rufus, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 50 (1815). 
Polophilus bengalensis, Steph. t. c. p. 50. 
Ouculus rufinus, Cuv. Regne Anim. i. p. 426, note (1817). 
Corydonix latkanii, Vieill. Nouv. Diet, xxxiv. p. 297 (1819). 
Corydonix rufinus, Vieill. t. c. p. 298. 
Corydonix maculatus, Bonn. § Vieill. JEnc. Meth. p. 1353 (1823). 
Centropus bengalensis, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 213 (1826) ; Blyth, 


J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 1104 (1842), xii. p. 240 (1843); Gray, 
Hand-l. B. ii. p. 213, no. 8957 (1870) ; Hume, J\Tests $ JBgqs Ind. 
B. p. 144 (1873); Bhjtlx § Wald. Cat. Mamm. «$• B. Burma, p. 82 
(1875) ; David $ Oust. Oh. Chine, p. 59 (1877) ; Hume, Str. F. 
vi. p. 171 (1878); Bingham, op. cit. ix. p. 169 (1880) ; Kelham, 
Ibis, 1881, p. 39o ; Davison, t. e. p. 301$ Styan, Ibis, 1887, p. 230. 
Centropus rufinus, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 214; Bp. Consp. i. p. 100 
(1850). 
Centropus latharni, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 214 (1826). 
Centropus tecticauda, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. Mus., Basseres, 

pi. 349. no. 495 (1830). 
Centropus pygmseus. Hodgs. t. c. pis. 349, 350, nos. 495, o^J'2 ; J. JE. 
Gray, Zool Misc. p. 85, nos. 495, 522 (1831). 
Centropus lepidus {nee Horsf.), MeClell. B. Z. S. 1839, p. 100; 
Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p.* 1102 (1842), xiv. p. 202 (1845). 
Centropus dimidiatus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xiii. p. 390 (1844) ; 
Sivinh. Ibis, I860, p. 360. 

Centropus viridis [nee Scop.), Blyth, Cat B. litis. As. Soc. p. 78 
(1849); Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. B.I. Co. ii. p. 685 (185658) 
; Swinh. B. Z. S. 1863, p. 266; id. Ibis, 1870, p. 235. 

Centropus, sp. ?, Smith. Ibis, 1860, p. 359, 1861, p. 48. 
Centropus lignator, Swinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 48; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. 
p> 214, no. 8966 (1870). 
Centrococcyx lignatus, Cab. &• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. Ill, note 

(1862). 
Centrococcyx lepidus, Cab. 8f Heine, t. c. p. 109. 
Centrococcyx bengalensis, Cab. 8? Heine, t. c. p. Ill; Wald. Trans* 

Z. S. viii. p. 59 (1872); Ball, Sir. F. ii. p. 395 (1874) ; Hume, 
op. cit. iii. p. 84 (1875), v. p. 28 (1877); Ball, op. cit. vii. p. 208 
(1878) 5 Cripps, i. c. p. 266; Hume, op. cit viii. p. B5 (1879) ; 
18 . CPOTttOPTTS. 
A. Mull. J, f. 0. 1882, p. 410; Gates, llamlh. B. Brit. Burmah, 
ii. p. 127 (1883) ; id. ed. Hume1* Nests % B^js, ii. p. 400 (1800). 
tVntropus reclunguis, pi., &'IiL Mm. Pays-Baa, Ouculi, p. <W 
(1804). 
Contrococcyx dimidiatus, Wctld. Trans. Z. tf. viii. p. oJ) (1872). 

Adult male in breeding-plumage. General plumage black, with 

iho wings and interscapular region chestnut; head, neck, and under 

surface of the body glossed with purplish blue and with glossy 

black bkaffcs to the feathers; lower back and tail glossed with green, 

the feathers of the latter with narrow whitish 
ends; wings and 

interscapular region bright chestnut, contrasting sharply with the 

blue-black of the hind neck; a few of the wing-coverts with white 

shafts; ends of the quills brown ; inner secondaries slightly washed 

with brown; under 
wing-coverts rufous : bill and legs black; iris 

crimson. Total length 14 inches, culm on 1*1, wing 6'6, tail 7'5, 

tarsus 1*6. 

Adult female in breeding-plumage. Similar to the male. Total 

length 14-8 inches, culmen 1-1, wing 6-0, tail 8*6, tarsus 1*6. 

Adult female in seasonal plumage. The feathers of the crown, back 

of neck, and mantle dark brown, washed with rufous on the edges and 

with buff shaft-stripes; wings and tail as in summer plumage, the 

latter with rufous-buff ends to the feathers ; lower back and upper 

tail-coverts narrowly barred with rufous; throat and underparts 

buff, with glossy buff shafts to the feathers and with dusky wavy 

bars, most complete and numerous on the sides 
of the body and 

thighs, absent on the chin and down the centre of body ; vent and 

under tail-coverts greenish black barred with buff, the dark bars on 

these parts being wider than the buff ones; under wing-coverts 

rufous like the quills, the latter with brown ends: bill yellow, 

shading into dark brown on the culmen ; legs black. Total length 

15*5 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 0*7, tail 8*0, tarsus 
1-15. 

Adult male in seasonal plumage. Similar in plumage to the female. 

Ilab. Southern India; Eastern Himalayas to Eastern Bengal, 

Assam, the Burmese Countries to Southern China and Formosa. 

a. 
$ ad. sk. Perimady, Travancore, Feb. F. Bourdillon, Esq. 
[0.]. 
b-e. Ad. et imm. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
sk. 

/, g, 7i. Ad, sk. Nepal (B. I£. Hodgson). India Museum. 

i. 
Ad. sk. Native Sikbim, March {L. Hume Coll. 
Mandelli). 
k-q. Ad. etimm. Sikhim, Sept., Nov. to Jan. (Z. Hume Coll. 
sk. Mandelli). 
r, s. Ad. sk. Mougphoo, Darjeeling,March, Hume Coll. 
t-w. Ad. et imm. Darjeeling. Seebohm Coll. 

sk. 

x, y1 ». Ad. sk. Buxa Boars, Jan. (L. ManHume 
Coll. 
delli). 
a'-d'. Ad. sk. Bhotan Doars, Nov., Dec, Hume Coll. 
April, May (X. Mandelli). 
e'. Ad. sk. Assam {Mc Clelland). India Museum. 
VOL. xix. 2 A 

35-1 CUCULIDiE. 

/'. J ad. sk. 

(J, <$ ad.; N, i', k'. 
$ ad. sk. 

T. ? ad. sk. 
m'. <$ acl. sk. 
«', </. Ad. sk. 
;/-$'. Ad. etimm. 

sk. 

/', «'. Ad. sk. 

t>'. S ad. sk. 

w'-</". Ad. et 

inirn. sk. 

/*". Ad. sk. 

i". $ ad. sk. 

h". $ ad.; I". cS 

jr. sk. 
»/'. cJ jr. fek. 
rc"-o". Ad. sk. 
p"-s". Ad. sk. 

Beltollah, Assam, Jan. (A. 

W. Chennell). 
Sadliya, April to June (J". 

Cockburn). 
Tippook (J. Cockburn). 
Dullali, May (J. Cockburn). 

N. Kkasia Hills, Jan. (A. W. 
Chennell). 
Cackar (J. Inylis). 

Manipur, May {A. 0. H). 
Faridpur, May (/. B. Cripps). 
Dacca, March. 


Dacca (Tytler). 
Calcutta, Aug. 
Tongkoo, Jan., May (B. G. 


TV. B.). 
Karen-nee, March {E.G. If. 22.). 
Pegu, June, Sept. 
Formosa, April, May (2?. 8win


Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

liuine Coll. 
Hume ColL 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Cull. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale ColL 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Gates Coll. 
Tweeddale ColL 

19. Ceutropus javauicus. 
Ouculus javanicus, Dumont, Diet. 8c. Nat. xi. p. 144 (I81S). 

Ceutropus tolu {nee G?n.), Baffles, Trans. Linn. 8oc. xiii. p. 2Bo 
(1822). 

Ceutropus lepidus, llorsf. Trans. Linn. 8oc. xiii. p. ISO (1822); 
Stepk. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 214 (1826) ; Bermt. J.f. 0. 1850, p. 187; 
Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 218, no. 8959 (1870). 

Ceutropus affinis, llorsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 180 (1822); 
Via. Mem. Baffl. p. 05*0 (1800) ; Blyth, J A. 8. Benq. xi. p. 1105 
(1812); Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850); Bermt. J. f. O. 1859, p. 185, 
1860, p. 209; Sal. P. Z. S. Ib03,p. 209 ; Finsch] Neu-Guin. p. 160 
(1865); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 218, no. 8960 (IbTOj ; Blasias, 

J.f.O. 1888, p. 132, 1888, p. 874; Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 198. 
Ceutropus pumilus, Less. Traite, p. 186 (1881); Pitcher, liev. etMay. 
Zool. 1853, p. 66. 
Ceutropus uiolkenboeri, Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850); Gray, Hand-l. 

B. ii. p. 214,no.8964(1870). 
Ceutropus medius, Bp. Consp. i. p. 108 (1850), ex Midler, M88. 
in Mus. Lugd.; Pucker. Bev. et May. Zool 1852, p. 475, note; 
Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyyod. p. 86 (1854); Gray, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 359; 

Wallace, op. cit. 1868, p. 23; Finsch, Neu-Guin. p. 59 (1865). 
Centrococcyx lepidus, Cab. fy Heme, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 109 (1802); 
Hartert, J.f 0.1889, p. 372. 
Centrococcyx affinis, Cab. & Heine, t. c. p. 110; Wald. Trans. Z. 8. 

viii. pp. ^ 58, 112 (1872); Meyer, Ibis, 1879, p. 70: id. 8iiz. 
nat. Ges. Isis, p. 18 (1884); Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885', pp. 504, 
551; Whitehead, Ibis, 1890, p. 47. 
Ceutropus moluccensis, Cab. $• Heme, I. c. (ex Bernst. 3188. in Mus. 
Berol) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 214, no. 8967 (1870). 

Centrococcyx moluccensis, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 113 
(1862); Heine, J.f O. 1863, p. 357; Walden, Trans, Z. 8. viii. 
pp. 58, 60 (1872). 

Cenuopus rectunguib, pt, 8ckL Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 61) (1864). 

18 . OENTKOPTTS. 
355 

Centrococcyx javauoiibib, Walden, Trans. Z.tf. viii. pp. 58, CO (lb72j 

lb81, p. 141, 1888, p. 241; Blaiius, Zeitsehr. yes. Orn. ii. p. 203 
(1885) ; Everett, P. & & 1880, p. 226 * jS/«wye, J0w, 1800, p. 14; 
Everett, Journ. Straits Branch As. Hoc. 1889; p. 175. 

Centrocoeeyx medius, Walden, Trans. Z. #. viii. pp. 57, 58 (1872) j 
Salvad. Ann. Mas. Giv. Gen. vii. p. 702 (1875), xiii. p. 403 (1878) j 
id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 375 (1880). 

(Jentropus hengalensis, var. javanica, Bragg. AbhandL nat. Ver. 
JBrem. v. p. 01 (1876). 
Geiitropus javanensis, 8harpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 940; id. P. Z, ti, 1879, 

p. 328. 
Adult male in breeding-plumage. Similar to O. hengalensis, but 
may be readily distinguished by the darker and browner colouring 
of the upper back, scapulars, and inner secondaries, which colour 
passes almost imperceptibly into the greenish black of the neck, 
these colours being sharply defined in G. hengalensis; the head, 
neck, and body are glossed with green, more like the colour of the 
tail than in C. hengalensis. Total length 10-3 inches, culmcn 1*3, 
wing 6*3, tarsus 1*7. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
14 inches, culrnen 1*15, wing 6*3, tail 8, tarsus 1*65. 

The seasonal plumage is similar to that of G. hengalensis, and in 
both species lasts from November till April. The present species 
varies greatly in size, as the following measurements will show:— 

Total 

length. 
in. 
Oulinen. 
in. 
Wing, 
in. 
Tail. 
in. 
Tarsus. 
in. 
Ceram, ? ad. ... .
Leyte, juvSingapore 
18*3 
12*1 
12*2 
1-5 
1-0 
1-0 
7-8 
5*4 
5*3 
9*8 
6*9 
(5*5 
1*9 
1-5 
1*4 

Hob. Eastern Bengal and the Burmese countries to China, south 
through the Malayan Peninsula to Sumatra, Java, Borneo, the 
Philippines, Celebes, and the Moluccas. 

a. Ad. sk. Khasia Hills (Griffith). India Museum. 
h. Imm. sk. Dibrughur, Assam. Tweeddale Coll. 
0. Imm. sk. Tipperah Hills, Jan. Hume Coll. 
d. Imm. sk. Thayeteiyo, Nov. (JB. W. Hume Coll, 
Gates). 
e-k Ad. et imm, Lower Pegu, Dec, Jan., April, Oates Coll. 
&k. 
Aug. 
Kollidoo, Tenasserim, Nov. Hume Coll, 


1. <$ imm. sk. 
( W. Davison). 
m. 
<$ imm. sk. Thoungyeen Forest, March Hume Coll. 
(<7. T. Bingham). 
n. $ jr. sk. Tavoy, March (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
o. Imm. sk. Bankasoon, Feb.( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
p. 2 imm. sk. Malewoon, April ( W.Davison), Hume Coll. 
q. Imm. sk. Siam. Tweeddale Coll. 
2L2 
356 

r. Irani, sk. 
s. 
Ad.; t, v, v. 
Imm. sk. 
w, x. Imm. sk. 


y, z} a'. Imm, sk. 

W . Ad. etimm. 
sk. 
w'. J ad. sk. 


•/?/. tf imm. sk. 
o'V. Ad.etimm. 
sk. 
i'-^". Ad. et juv. 

e<Cf'",ff". AdLot 
imm. sk. 
A"-m". Ad. et 

imm. sk. 
n". Ad. sk. 
o'\ Ad. sk. 
J;". Imm. sk. 


q". 2 &&-sk


r". Juv. sk. 

s", t". Imm. sk. 
u", v", w". Ad. sk. 

a", a3, £3. Ad. sk. 
Qz-f\ Ad. sk. 
f-P. Ad. et imm. 

sk. 
m3. Ad. sk. 
ft3. $ ad. sk. 


o'-r3. Ad. etimm, 
sk. 

s\ t\ Ad. et 
imm. sk. 
w3. (J ad. sk. 


fl3. <£ imm. sk. 

a*. S ad. sk. 

«•* J/3, d1 ? ad. sk. 

&. <$ ad. sk. 
^-c1. Ad. sk. 
d\ Ad. sk. 
e4. Ad. sk. 

/l 4

-». Ad. et 

imm. sk. 
oK Imm. sk. 
pK Imm. sk. 
j 4 . Imm. sk. 
r1. 2 inini. sk. 

CTTCTTLIDiR. 

Mis. of Perak. 
Penang. 


Ding-ding Islands, Feb. (IP. 

Davison), 
Klang, Jan., May, July ( W. 
Davison). 


Malacca, July. 

Kuroo, Nov. (W. Davison). 
Joliore, Aug. (W. Davison). 
Singapore Island, Jan., Feb., 

Sept. (W. Davison). 
Sumatra, Sept., Oct., Jan. 

{Carl Bock). 
Java (Horsfield). 

Java. 


Billiton. 
Borneo. 
Sarawak, June {A. R. Everett). 
Jambusan (A. II. Everett). 
Labuan, March. 


Lumbidan (II. T. Uss/ier). 
Banjarmassing (J. Motley). 
Loinbock. 
Flores. 
Timor. 
Celebes. 


Menado. 
Butubassi, Celebes, Nov. 


(A. B. Meyer). 
Makassar. 

Sangliir Islands. 

Calapan, Mindoro, May. 

Concepcion, Panay, Jan. 

San Antonio, Negros, Feb. 

South Leyte, Sept., Oct. 

(A. H. Everett). 
N. Bohol, Oct. {A. II. Everett). 
N, Ceram. 
Gilolo. 
Amboina. 
Formosa, Feb. to April (JR. 
iSioitihoe). 
Tingchow, Dec. (R. Swinhoe). 
Fokien, Sept. (R.'Swinhoe). 
Amoy, Jan. (It. SmnJioe). 
Hong Kong,March (R. Swinhoe). 

L. Wray, Esq, [P.]. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll, 

India Museum. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
llajah Brooke [P.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

A. II. Everett, 
Esq. 
[0-]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Seebohm Coil-
Gould Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

A. R. Wallace, Esq. 
[0.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 


E. L. Moseley, Esq. 
E. L. Moseley, Esq. 
E. L. Moseley, Esq. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

18 . OENTROPUS. 
357 

20. Centropus nigrorufus. 
Le Coucal noiru male, Lemill Ois. cVAfr. v. p. 78, pi. 220 (1808); 

Sunder). Krit. Framst. Levaill. p. 48 (1857). 
Cuculus nigrorufus, Cud. Begne Anim. i. p. 426 (1817). 
Corydonix bicolor, Twill. N\ Diet. Mist. Nat. xxxiv. p. 297 (1819). 
Oentropus nigrorufus, Steph. Gen. Zool xiv. p. 213 (1826) ; Bp. 

Consp. i. p. 107 (1850); Cab. <$• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 107, 
note (1SG2) ; Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 04 (18G4) j Layard, 

B. S. Afr. p. 245 (1867); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 213, no. 8952 
(1870); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 023; Socage, Jorn. Lisb. vi. 
p. 146 (1877); Cab. J. f O. 1878, p. 238; Fischer $ Beichen. 
J. f. O. 1879, p. 341; Bohm, J. f. O. 1883, p. 1G4; Sehaloio, t. c. 
p. 346; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 105, 810 (1884); 
Fischer, J.f.O. 1885, p. 123 ; Matschie, J.f 0.1887, p. 149. 
Oentropus grilli, 
Hartl J. f. O. 1861, p. 13; Cab. § Heme, Mus. 
Hein. iv. p. 107 (1868); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 213, no. 8953 
(1870); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 623. 

Wot quite adult Head, neck, interscapular region, and underparts 
black, with a bluish-green gloss ; wing rufous, paler than in 

G. toulou ; all the wing-coverts with blackish-brown and whitish 
shaft-stripes ; quills with broad brown ends; back dnller than the 
head, and partially barred with rufous-buff; upper tail-coverts and 
tail uniform glossy greenish black; breast slightly mottled with 
buff feathers, a few of which are barred with black: bill and legs 
entirely black; iris crimson. Total length 12-2 inches, culmen 1, 
wing & 6, tail 7, tarsus 1*5. 
Immature female. Differs in having the underparts uniform 
black glossed with greenish blue; quills barred with blackish 
brown; back fulvous chestnut, mottled with black bars; the tail-
feathers partially barred with buff; bill entirely black. Total 
length 13*7 inches, culmen 1, wing 6*9, tail 7*8, tarsus 1*6. 

This species differs from its allies in having a shorter and entirely 
black bill, and in the rufous colouring of the wing being paler. Its 
nearest ally is C. bmgalensis. 

Hah. South-eastern Africa, ranging to the Zanzibar district of 
Eastern Africa, and to Gaboon on the "West Coast. 

a. 2 ad. sk.
b. ? ad. sk. 
Port Natal, Nov. 28 (Wahlberg). 
Gelidja, East Africa, June (Dr. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Fischer). 

21. Oentropus epomidis. 
Oentropus epomidis, 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 107 (1850), ex Temm. MSS. 
in Mus. Zugd.; Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 186 (1857); Cab. $ 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 107, note (1862); Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 17 (1864); Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 213, no. 8951; Sharpe, 

P. Z. S. 1873, p. 622. 
Adult. Entire head, neck, rump, upper and under tail-coverts, 

358 
CVCTJL1D2E. 

and the tail black glossed with green; remainder of the plumage 
nearly unifoim chestnut, with dark brown ends to the quills; bill 
and legs black; iris reel. Total length 15*5 inches, culmen 1-25, 
wing 6*3, tail 8, tarsus 1*6. 

JJab. Gold Coast, West Africa. 

a. Ad. sic. Fantee (S. T. UssJier). Sharpe Coll. 
22. Centropus leucogaster. 
Polophilns leucogaster, Leach, Zool. Misc. i. p. 117 * (1814); Steph. 
Gen. Zool. ix. p. 49, pi. 12. 
Corydonix leucogaster, Tieill. Nouv. Diet. Hi*t. Nat. xxxh. p. 299 
(1819). 
Centropus senegalensis (?iec Linn.), Simdev. (Efv. Eongl. Vet.-AJc. 
Forh. Stock 1849; p. 162. 

Centropus 
francisi, Bp. Consp. i. p. 107 (1850); Marti. Orn. 
W.-Afr. p. 186 (1857); Cass. Pr. Ac. PMlad. 1859, p. 142 ; Schl. 
Mus.* Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 71 (18(54); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. 

p. 213, no. 8950; Sharpe, P. Z, S. 1873, p. G21; UssJier, IU$, 
1874, p. 54; Keiclien. J. f. 0. 1875, p. 5; Buttilc. Notes Leijden 
Mus. vii. p. 222 (1885), viii. p. 264 (188G), x. p. 96 (1888). 
Adult. Entire head, neck, and upper back glossy blue-black; 
wings deep chestnut, with brown ends to the quills; remainder of 
the back black, mottled with chestnut bars about the middle ; rump, 
upper tail-coverts, and tail glossy greenish black, crossed by narrow 
buff bars except towards the terminal half of the tail; breast white, 
passing into rufoiib-buff on the sides of the body and the under tail-
coverts ; under surface of the wings chestnut like the upper aspect: 
bill black; irides red ; legs slate-colour. Total length 21 inches, 
culmen 1*7, wing 7*7, tail 12, tarsus 2*1, 

Nestling. Differs from the adult in having white shaft-stripes on 
the head and throat, and white shaft-spots on the back of ihe neck. 
The wing-feathers are all rather narrowly barred with black, and 
the breast is slightly more rufous. Total length 11 inches. 

Eab. West Africa, from Liberia to the Camaroons. 

a. Imm. sk. [Australia *.] Old Coll. 
b. Ad.; c. Juv. &k.
d-g. Ad. sk.
h, i. Ad. sk. 
Fantee (Aubimi). 
Fantee (JET. T. Ussher). 
Gold Coast.
(Type of species.) 
Seebolim Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

* The habitat is given as Australia, but this is an evident mistake. The tjpe 
is in the Museum, and there can be no doubt as to the correctness of this identification. 
1ft. cnNTROPirs. 350 

23. Ceutropus anselli, 
Centropus anselli, Marpe, P. Z. 3. 1874, p. 204, pi. 33. fig. 1; id «$• 
Bouvier, Bull 8oc. Zool. France, i. p. 312 (1876); Beielien. J. /. 

0. 1877, p. 15 ; Socage, Orn. Angola, p. 542 (1881). 
Centropus savorgnani, Oust. Le Katuraliste, iii. p. 290 (1886). 
Adult (type of species). Upper half of head, back of neck, and 

upper back black, strongly glossed with, bluish green ; remainder of 

back rufous-buff, partially barred with black ; upper tail-coverts and 

tail black, glossed with green, the former barred with buff; wings 

deep chestnut, passing into dark brown on the inner feathers and 

the ends of the quills; entire throat and underparts tawny buff, 

the under tail-coverts barred with black; under surface of wings 

like the upper surface, but with the coverts tawny buff like the 

breast: bill and legs black; iris red. Total length 22S inches, 

culmen 1*6, wing 8*7, tail 12, tarsus 1*9. (Mus. Paris.) 

Young. Differs from the adult in having buff markings on the shafts 

of the feathers of the head and back of the neck ; the wings regu


larly barred with black; tail barred with buff, and the throat 

mottled with partial bars of black. 

Hah. Gaboon, W. Africa. 

a. Ad. sk. River Danger, Gaboon. H. T. Ansell, Esq. [P.], 
(Type of species.) 
b. Juv. sk. Ogowe River. M. Bouvier [P.], 
24. Centropus fischeri. 
Centropiib fischeri, Beuhen. J.f. 0. 1887, p. 57. 

Adult (type of species). Head and neck glossy blue-black ; hinder 
neck and upper back blackish brown; under surface isabellino; 
upper tail-coverts glossy greenish black ; wing rufous-brown ; under 
wing-coverts rufous-brown, with dusky bands, tail glossy greenish 
black: " bill and legs black ; iris carmine-red " (Fischer). Culmen 
l-o inches, wing 6%9, tail 8'6o. (Reiclienoiv.) 

This species is only known to me from the description, which 
seems to agree with Ac young of G. anselli ~~ 
IFab. Victoria Kyanza. 

25. CeEtropus mouacMs. 
Centropus superciliosus (nee llempr. $ Mr.), Biipp. ^ue IVirb., Fog. 
p. sdpl. 21. %~ I (1835) j id. fytf. Vetera, p. 96 (1845). 
Centropus monachus, Biipp. Xeue Wirb. p. 57, pi. 21.fig.2 ; id. 8y*t. 
Uebers. p. 96 (1845); Bp. Comp. i. p. 107 (1850) ; id. Consp. Fol 
Zwod. p. 5 (1854) ; Ilorsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.L Co. ii. 

p. 681 (ifcSO); Ilartl. Om.'W.-Afr. pp. 187, 271 (1857) ; Cass. IV. 
Ac. Blulad. 1859, p. 142; Bold. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 74 
(1864): Marti tf Fintcli, Tog. Ostafr. p. 528, note (1870) ; 
Beuql Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 793 (1870); Blanf. Geol § Zool. Ahjss. 
p 3i4 (1870): Finsch, Tr. Z. S. vii. p. 284 (1870); Gray, Eand-J. 
' B ii, p. 213, no. 8955; Sliarpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 620; Reklmx. § 

360 CCTCULID-3B. 

Liihder, J. f. 0. 1873, p. 213; Usaher, Ibis, 1874,' p. 54 ; Beichen. 

J. f. O.1875, p. 5* Sharpe, eel LayarcVs B. S. Afr. p. 165 (1875) ; 
Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 151 (1877) ; id. Jorn. Lisb. yi. pp. 202, 
2Q6 (1878) ; Shelley, Ibis, 1883, p. 558 * Hartert, J. f. 0.1880, 
p. 597; Matschie, J.f. 0. 1887, p. 149. 
Adult. Upper half of the head and back of the neck black, 
strongly glossed with steel-blue ; wings bright chestnut, with dark 
brown ends to the quills and shaded with that colour, slightly 
glossed with green on the inner portion ; back dark brown, passing 
on the upper tail-coverts and tail into glossy greenish black: 
beneath white, shaded with buff; wings chestnut below, except 
that the smaller coverts are buff like the breast: bill and legs 
black ; iris red. Total length 18 inches, culmen 1*7, wing 7*7, 
tail 9*7, tarsus 1*9. 

Young. Differs from the adult in having the wings barred with 
black, arid the upper tail-coverts and tail partially barred with buff. 
Length 14*3 inches. From the young of C. senegalensk it may be 
best distinguished by the darker and bluer colour of the crown, and 
the darker brown inner portion of the wing. 

Hah. rT.E. Africa, and East Africa as far as the Zambesi. TT. 
Africa from the Gold Coast to Benguela. 

a. Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Seebohm Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Dr. Rappell ~G.~. 
c. S ad. sk. Agula, Abyssinia, May 10. W. T. BlanfordfEsq. 
d. <$ ad. sk. Goongoona, Abyssinia, Mav 8 TweeJdale Coll. 
e. S ad. sk. 
(W.Jesse).
Gedem, Shoa, Dec. (Sir TV. 
Harris). 
India Museum. 
/ . Juv. sk. White Nile. Sir S. Baker Tf . 
g. Ad.; h. Fantee (II T. Ussher). Skarpe Coll. ~ 
Imm. sk. 
i. Ad. sk. Accra (Haynes). Sharpe Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. 
1 S ad.; m, n. 
$ ad. sk 
o. Ad. sk. 
p. tf ad. sk. 
q, r. ild. sk. 
$-v. Ad. sk. 
Gold Coast (Aubinn). 
Shong'a, E. Niger, Nov., Dec. 
(W.A.F.).
Ogowe E., Gaboon. 
Caconda, Benguela (Anehiefa). 
Lake Ngami (Chapman). 
Zambesi (Dr. Bradshaio). 
Shelley Coll. 
Forbes Coll 
31. Bouvier [P.". 
Sharpe Coll."* 
E. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
fPj. 
Sfclfey Coll. 
w. Ad. sk. 
#. Sternum. 
Mozambique. 
Abyssinia. 
Purchased. 
W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
[Cl. 

26. Centropus senegalensis* 
Le Ooucou du Senegal, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 120, pi. 8. fig. 1 (1700). 
Cuculus senegalensis, Linn. S. N. i. p. 109 (1766). 
Egyptian Cuckow, Lath. Gen. Syn. I pt. 2, p. 420 (1782). 
Cuculus a3gyptius, Gm. S. N. i. p. 420 (1788). 


Le Coucalkoukou, male, Levaill Ois. d'Afr. v. p. 72, pi. 219 (1806). 

18 . CEHTTROPITS. 
36 1 
Polophilus senegalensis, Steph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 53 (1815). 
PolopMlus legyptius, Steph. I c. p. 54. 
Corydonyx cegyptius, Tieill Encycl Meth. p. 1353 (1823). 
Corydonyx pynlioleucus, Tieill. Yjal Ois. p. 41 (1825). 
Corydonyx senegalensis, Tieill t. c. p. 46. 
Centropus senegalensis, KuU § Sioinderen, Buff, fy D'Auh Norn. 


Syst. p. 6 (1820) ; Less. TraiU Orn. p. 187 (1831); Hupp. Neice 
Tflrb.j Tog. p. 55 (1835); Swains. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 185, pi. 20; 
Temm. Tall. Meth. p. 52 (1838) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 100 (1850) ; 
id. Consjh Tol. Zygod. p. 5 (1854); Hartl Orn. W.-Afr. p. 187 
(1857); Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 105 (1869); Finsch $ 
Hartl Toy. Ostafr. p. 526 (1870); Heugl Orn. KO.~Afr. pp. 795, 
clxv (1870); Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 212, no. 8946 (1870) ; Sharpe, 
Cat. Afr. B. p. 14 (1871); Gurney, ed. Anderss. B. Damara-Ld. 

p. 224 (1872) ; Shelley § Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 280 ; Sharp, 
P. Z. S. 1873, p. 617; ITssher, Ibis, 1874, p. 53; lieichen. J.f. 0. 
1875, p. 3; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 162,810 (1875); id. 
$ Bouvier, Bull Soc. Zool France, i. p 51 (1876); Beichen. J. f 
O. 1877, p. 15; Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 149 (1877); Oust. Bull 
Soc. Phil 7th ser. i. p. 106 (1877); Shelley, Ibis, 188;), p. 558; 
Biittik. Notes Leyden Mm. yii. p. 223 (1885), viii p. 264 (1886); 
Hartert, J.f O. 1886, p. 597; Boeac/e, Jorn. Lisboa, 1887, p. 2 ; 
Biittik. Notes Leyden Mus. x. p. 96 (1888). 
Centropus burchellii, Swains. An. in Menag. p. 321 (1838). 

Adult. Upper half of the head, back of the neck, rump, upper 
tail-coverts, and tail brownish black, strongly glossed with green ; 
wings bright chestnut, generally, but not always, passing into duller 
and darker brown on the inner half of the wings and back, the 
quills with broad dark ends ; beneath white tinged with buff, and 
occasionally, though rarely, the sides of the body and the under tail-
coverts showing faint traces of darker bars: bill and legs black ; 
iris red. Total length 16-5 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 6-6, tail 8'5, 
tarsus 1*6. 

Immature. Only differs from the adult by having blackish bars on 
the mantle and wings, and generally with traces of buff bars on the 
upper tail-coverts and tail. In this plumage it may be distinguished 
from O. natalensis by the entire absence of any buff shaft-stripes on 
the upper parts. 

Hah. Nearly the whole of tropical Africa, extending to the 
Egyptian Delta. 

a. Ad. st.; b. Ad. Egypt. J.Bowring, Esq. [P.]. 
sk. 
e. d^e. d ad, sk. Egypt, April (G. R S.). Shelley Coll, 
f. 
Ad. sk. Khartoum, Nov. 10 (P. Sharpe Coll. 
Knoblecker). 
g. Imm. sk. Senegal. Seebohm Coll. 
h~l Ad. sk. Dakar, Senegal (L. Laglaize). Tweeddale Coll. 
m} n. Ad. etimm. River Gambia. Sharpe Coll. 
sk 

o. Ad. sk. Gambia (Sir A, Moloney). Shelley Coll. 
n Ad. sk. Cape Palmas. F. Nicholson, Esq. 
l' [P.]. 
q. Imm. sk. Denkera. 
Sharpe Coil, 
362 
CTTCtrLTD.E. 

r, s, t. Ad.; w-.r. Fantee (JET. T. Ussher). Sharpe Coll. 
Iinm. sk. 
?/. Ad. sk. Abrobonko, Jan. (G. E. 8.). Shelley Coll. 
z-d'. Ad. sk. Accra, Feb. (G. E. S.) Shelley Coll. 
e'. Ad. sk. Gold Coast. Shelley Coll. 
/'. Ad. sk. IJiver Niger. Mrs. Heywood [P.]. 
/. $ ad. sk. Egga, Niger (*F. .4. F.). Forbes Coll. 
/>', i'. § acl. tsk. Shonga, Niger ( TV. A. F.). Forbes Coll. 
7c'. Ad.sk. Oape Lopez. Sharpe Coll. 
/'. $ ad. sk. Landana, Congo, Feb. (Petit). Shelley Coll. 
iri, n'. $ 5 imm. Chinchonxo, Congo, March Shelley Coll. 
sk. (Petit). 
o'. Imm. sk. Lake Ngami (Chapman). Sharpe Coll. 
p'-t'. Ad. et imm. Makalaka Country (Br. Brad-Shelley Coll. 
sk. shaw). 
u'. Ad. sk. Baniangwato, Oct. (T. E. Shelley Coll. 

Buckley). 
v\ Ad. sk. Transvaal (Ayres). Sharpe Coll. 


27. Centropus natalensis. 
Centropus superciliosus 
(nee Hempr* $ Ehr.), Bianconi, Spec. ZooL 
Mosambique, p. 51 (1851); Layard, B. 8. Afr. p. 246 (1867); 
Bucldey, Ibis, 1874, p. 366; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 82; Sharpe, ed. 
Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 163, 810 (pt, 1875) ; Ayres, Ibis, lfe84, 

p. 225. 
Centropus natalensis, Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 246; Ayres, Ibis, 1887, 
p. 52, 
Adults. Intermediate in plumage between Q. scnegalensis and 

0. superciliosus. The white eyebrow, when present (which is not 
always the case), varies from a mere spot near the nostril to almost 
a complete eyebrow as in C. superciliosus, but it is always interrupted 
above the eye by the black of the crown which descends to the 
upper eyelid• generally, but not always, some of the feathers of 
the back of the neck and mantle have white shaft-stripes; rump, 
upper tail-coverts, and basal portion of the tail always narrowly 
and distinctly barred with buff as in C. superciliosus : tail-feathers 
narrowly tipped with white * sides of the throat generally streaked 
with black, but never to the same extent as in O. superciliosus; sides 
of the body and the under tail-coverts more or less barred: bill 
black, sometimes with a portion of it yellow ; iris red; legs slatecolour. 
Total length 14 to 17 inches, culmen 1*25 to 1*50, wing 
Q-2 to 6-8, tail 7*8 to 9, tarsus 1*6 to 1-8. 
One specimen differs from O. senegedensis only in having a few 
white shaft-stripes on the wing-coverts; and the back, upper tail-
coverts, and basal third of the tail distinctly barred with buff. 
Total length 14 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 6*4, tail 8*3, tarsus 1*45. 
The white ends to the tail have apparently been worn away. 

Another adult bird differs from the last in having a broad white 
eyebrow interrupted by black feathers just above the eye ; all the 
feathers of the back of the neck and many of those of the mantle 
have white shafts; the broad buff shaft-stripes to the feathers on 
the sides of the neck are partially edged with blacky but not to the 

18 . CAN TROT? US. 
:m 

same extent as in 0. superciliosus ; the feathers on the Rides of the 
body and tinder tail-coverts have dusky bars. Total length 15'1 
inches, culm en 14 , wing 6*7, tail 9, tarsus 1*0. 

Young. Differs from the adult in having a buff eyebrow; the 
upper parts of the head with partial rufous shaft-stripes ; the back 
of the neck, upper back, and wings barred with rufous and black; 
the pale bars on the tail more numerous, and the feathers on the 
sides of the lower throat with well-marked buff shaft-stripes edged 
with black. 

Hab. S.E. Africa, extending north to the Transvaal and the 
Zambesi. 

a. Im.ni. sk. South Africa. J. Eocke, Esq, [P.]. 
b. Imm. sk. South Africa. Seebohm Coll. 
c 
Ad. sk. Grahamstown (T. C. At- Sharpe Coll 
more), 

d. $ 
ad.: e. 2 imm. East London, Jan., July. J. 0. Rickarcl, Esq. 
sk. [P.]. 
f,ff. 
6 ad. sk. Eland's Post, June (T. C. Sharpe Coll. 
Atmore). 

h. 
Ad. sk. Kingwilliamstown (Treve- Shelley Coll. 
lyan). 
h &• c? $ ad. sk. Durban, Natal, Sept. Shelley Coll. 
(Gordge). (Types of the species.) 
I, m, n. $ ad. sk. Durban, Sept. (Gordge). Seebohm Coll. 
OJP-6 $ ad. sk. Pinetowm Feb. (T.L.Ayres). Shelley Coll. 
q, r. Ad.; s. Juv. Natal (T. Ayres). Sharpe Coll. 


sk. 

t. $ ad. sk. Swaziland, July (T. E. Shelley Coll. 
Buckley), 
u. (S ad. sk. Transvaal, July (T. E. Shelley Coll. 
Buckley). 
v, w. Ad. sk. Pretoria (Pratt). Seebohm Coll. 
A\ 2 ad. sk. Crocodile River, July (F. W. E. & C. Gh Gates, 

Oates). Es,qrs. [P.]. 
y, %. Ad. sk. Tete, Zambesi (Sir J. Kirk). Livingstone Exped. 
a'. Ad.sk. Zambesi (Dr. Meller). Tweeddale Coll. 


28. Centropus superciliosus. 
Centropus superciliosus, Ilempr. § Ehr. Symb. Phi/s. fol. r (1828); 
JRiipp. New IVirb., Tog. p. 50, pi. 21. %. 1 (1835); Bp. Cimsp. i. 

p. 107 (L85Q); id. Consp. Vol: Zygod. p. 5 (1854); Horsf. § 
Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 081 (1850) ; Monteiro, P. Z. S. 
1865, p. 91; Heugl Oru. K.O.-Afr. pp. 797, clxv (1870) ; Blanf. 
Geol § Zool. Abyss, p. 315 (1870); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873,p. 020 ; 
Dresser $ Blanf. Ibis, 1874, p. 300 ; Reichen. J.f.O. 1877, p. 15 ; 
Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 150 (1877); id. Jam. Lisboa, vi. p. GO 
(1878); Nicholson, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 350 ; Cab. J. f. 0. 1878. 
p. 238; Fischer $ Reichen. t c. p. 252; Scl # Hartl P. Z. S. 
1881, p. 172; Shelley, t. c. p. 595; Hartl t. c. p. 955; Gurney, 
Ibis, 1882, p. 73; Bohm, J. f. 0. 1883, p. 104; Schaloio, t. e. 
p. 340; Shelley, Ibis, 1885, p. 400; Bohm, J. f. O.1885, p. 41; 
Fischer, i. c. p. 123 ; Bocage, Jorn. Lisboa, 1880, p. 9: Reichen. 
J.f. 0. 1887, p. 58; Saluad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1888, p. 215. 
364 
CtTCULTDiE. 

Adult. Forehead, crown, and ear-coverts uniform brown: a 
broad white eyebrow ; back of the neck brown, with broad white 
shaft-stripes edged with black; back and wings paler brown, passing 
into bright chestnut on the quills, which have darker brown ends ; 
some of the feathers of the mantle with white shaft-stripes like the 
neck; remainder of the upper parts glossy greenish black, with 
numerous narrow buff bars on the rump and upper tail-coverts and 
a less amount on the basal portion of the tail; the tail-feathers 
narrowly tipped with white : unclerparts buffish white, strongly 
marked on the sides and base of the throat with lanceolate white 
shaft-stripes narrowly edged with black; sides of the body and 
under tail-coverts barred wTith dusky black; under surface of the 
wings chestnut like upper surface, slightly mottled with buff on the 
wing-coverts : bill and legs black; iris red. Total length 14*7 inches, 
culmen 1*15, wing 5*7, tail 8-6, tarsus 1*6. 

Toting. Differs in having the forehead, crown, and nape nearly 
black with rufous-buff shaft-stripes : a broad eyebrow, cheeks, and 
ear-coverts rufous-buff; back of the neck, mantle, and wing-coverts 
equally barred chestnut and black; quills more chestnut but partially 
barred. 

Hah. N.E. Africa, extending on the east to the Zambesi and 
across to Benguela and Angola. 

a, b. Ad. &k. Nubia. 
tfeebohm Coll. 

c. Ad. sk. oik Cataract of the Kile. F. Galton, Esq. 
d-g. Ad. sk. Gabsa, Bogos-Land (Esler). Sharpe Coll. 
h. 2 ad. sk. Kokai, Bogos-Land, July 9 Tweeddale Coll. 
(W. Jesse). ^ 
i. $ 
ad. sk. Am, Lebka River, July 6. W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
[C]. 
k $ ad. sk. Bejook, xlnseba Valley, W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
July 15. [0.]. 
/. Ad. sk. Slioa (Sir W. Harris). India Museum. 

<m. § acl.; n. c? Socotra, March. Prof. I. B. Balfour 
imm. sk. 

rcj. 

o. (S ad. sk, Lado, Equatorial Africa, Feb. 
Shelley Coll. 

(Emm Pasha). 

p. 
Ad. sk. Mombasa. Rev. A. F. Buxton 
[P.]. 
q. Ad. sk. Pangani Eiver (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Zanzibar (Sir J. Kirk). Sharpe Coll. 
s. Ad. sk. Dar-es-Salaam (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
t. d ad. sk. Landana, Congo (Dr. Luean). Shelley Coll. 
u, 
v. <$ ad.; w. Rio JDande, Loanda, April Sharpe Coll. 
Juv. sk. (Sala). 

x. 
Ad. sk, Kattenbella, Benguela, Nov. Sharpe Coll. 
30 (Sala).
y. Ad. sk. 
Benguela. 
Monteiro Coll. 

z. Sternum, 
Abyssimia, W.T. Blanford, Esq. 
[0-]. 

18 . CENTBOPTJS. 
365 

29. Oentropus melanops. 
Oentropus nielanops, Less. Traile, p. 137 (1831) ; Gray, Gen. B. ii, 
p. 455 (1846) ; id. HamM. B. ii. p. 214, no. 8980 (1870). 
Oentropus nigrifrons, Peak, U. 8. Ex pi Evped. 1st ed. p. 137, pi. 38. 
%. 1 (1848); Hartl Arch f. Nat xviii. p. 137, pi. 38 (1852); 
Cass. U. 8. Expl Expecl 18-55, p. 240, Atlas, pi. 22 (1855) ; Gray, 
BancU. B. ii. p. 214, no. 8979 (1870). 

Nesocentor 
nigrifrons, Cab. & Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 119, note 
(1862). ' ^ 
rTesocentor melanops, Gab. &> Heine. Mus. Hein. iv. p. 119, note 
(1802). 
Pyrrhocentor melanops, Walden, Tr. Z. 8. ix. pp. 164, 330 ; Tweeddale, 
P. Z. S. 1877, p. 823 ; 8harpe, Tram. Linn. 8oc. ser. 2, Zool l. 

p. 322 (1877); Tweeddale, P. Z. S. 1878, pp. 108, 940,1879, p. 69; 
Wardlaw Ramsay, App. Tweedd, Orn. Works, p. 656 (1881) ; 
Kiltter, J.f. 0.1883, p. 303. 
Adult, Head, neck, and fore part of chest buff; forehead, a 
broad eyebrow, cheeks, and lores black; wings and a narrow band 
across the upper back bright chestnut; ends of the quills dark 
brown; remainder of the back, tail, and the under surface of body 
black glossed with bluish green ; under wing-coverts dusky black 
mottled with rufous buff: (i bill black; iris crimson; legs grey" 
(Peale). Total length 17*5 inches, culmen 1*6, wing 6*5, tail 10, 
tarsus 1*7. 

Hah. Philippine Islands. 

a. c? ad. sk. Mouth of Butuan River, May Tweeddale Coll, 
(A. H. Everett). 
b,c. $ J ad. bk. Surigao, May (A. H. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
d. $ ad. sk. Basilan,May (A. H. Everett). Tweeddale Coll. 
e. $ ad. sk. Nipah Island, July (A. H. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett). 
f} 9* 6 ad.; h, L Zaraboanga, Mindanao, March Tweeddale Coll. 
$ ad. sk. (A. H. Everett). 

30. Oentropus celebensis. 
Oentropus celebensis, Quoy fy Gaim. Voy. Astrol, Zool L p. 230, 
pi. 20 (1830); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 455 (1846) ; Bp. Consp. i. 
p, 108; id. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 5 (1854) ; Briigg. Abhandl. nat. 

Ver. Brem. v. p. 00 (1876). 

Oentropus bicolor, Less. TraiU, p. 137 (1831); Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 
1843, p. 946, 1845, p. 20; Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 455 (1846); Packer. 
Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1852, p. 472; Gray, P. Z. S.1860, p. 359 ; id. 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 214, no. 8972 (1870). 

Pyrrhocentor bicolor, Cab, $ Heine, Mus, Hein. iv. p. 117 (1862); 
Gray, P. Z. S. 1869, p. 359; Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 392 
(1880). 

Pyrrhocentor 
celebensis, Walden, Tr. Z. 8. viii. p. 55 (1872); 
8alvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 650 (1875); Lenz,J.f.O. 
1877, p. 372; Meyer, Ibis, 1879, p. 70; Gxrilhmard, P. Z. S. 1885, 

p. 551. 
366 
CTJCTJLWM. 

Adult. Upper half of the head, back of neck, and upper mantle 

bufMi brown, slightly darker on the crown; remainder of the 

upper parts dark chestou!• throat and chest buff, shading into 

chestnut on the sides' of the chest, abdomen, and under tail-coverts : 

bill black; legs blackish brown. Total length 20-2 inches, culmen 

l'(>r>, wine; 0-8, tail 10*8, tarsus 1*85. 

Hal). Celebes. 

a. 5 ad. st.; b. Celebes. Wallace Coll. 
Ad. bk. 
e, (1. Ad. sk. Celebes. 
Tweeddtde Coll. 

(\ f) (/. Ad. slv. Menado, N. Celebes. Hume Coll. 

7/;V*. Ad. j /. Meiiado. 
Wallace Coll. 

limn. sk. 
Hi, /I, o. Ad. sk. Makassar {A. It. Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 


p. 2 ad. sk. Makassar.s 
Wallace Cull. 
31. Centropus andamanensis. 
Ceiitropus andamaneiisis, Beavan, Ik's, 1867, p. ."321 {ex Tytler, 
JISS.); Ball, Str. F. i. p. GO (167-3); Hume, Nests § Eggs 
hid. B. p. 144 (1873); id. Str. F. ii. p. 194 (1874), yiii. p. 89 
(1879). 

Centrococcyx andainanenbis, 
Wold. Ibis, 1873, p. 805, pi. 11 j Oates, 
ed. Hume's Nests § Eggs Lid. B. ii. p. 404 (1890). 

Adult male. Head, neck, upper mantle, and under surface oi 
the body brownish buff; wings and a narrow band across the upper 
back very deep chestnut; the tips of the primaries dark brown ; 
remainder of the back and the upper tail-coverts dusky brownish 
buff; tail purplish black; abdomen and under tail-coverts rather 
more dusky than the throat; under wing-coverts dusky brownish 
buff: "iris red: bill, legs, and feet black." Total length 17*4 
inches, culmen 1*5, wing 6*7, tail 9*7, tarsus 1*9. 

In specimens in worn plumage the head, neck, and underparts 
are more buff and the tail much browner, especially towards the 
edges of the feathers, which are often brownish buff. * 

Hob. Andaman Islands. 

a. 6 
acl sk. Great Coco Island, April (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 
b. 9. ad. sk. Little Coco Ibland, March Hume Coll. 
(W.D.). 
c. $ ad. sk. 
Port Comwallis,N. Andamans, Hume Coll. 
April 6. 
d~i S 5 %>&•sk' & Andamans, Jan., Feb., May. Tweeddale Coll. 
July (JR. G. W. R.). 

h. $ ad.; I $ S. Andamans, July (22. J. Hume Coll. 
imm. sk. Wimberley). 
m, n. <$ ad. • o, p, Aberdeen, April, May ( W. Hume Coll. 

q. § ad. sk. Davison). 
r, s, t. S ad.; u, Port Mouat, Dec, Jan., April Hume Coll. 
v. J ad. sk. (W. Davison), 
w. 
5 ad. sk. Harldo, Dec. 23 (W. Hume Coll. 
Davison). 
FBXENICGPIHIILE. 36' 
x~d\ $ J acl. sk. Port Blair, Aug, (22. J. WimHume 
Coll. 
berley). 
<>',/'. tfSad.sk. Port Blair, June 17 (R. J. Seebohm Coll. 
Wimberley). 

32. Centropus unirxtfus. 
P^rrhocentor 
unirufus, Cab, fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 118, note 
(lbttt) $ Walden, Trans. Z. & viii. p. 50 (lb72), ix. p. 104 (lb75). 
Centropus unirufiib, Gray, lland-l B. ii. p. 214, no. 8973. 

Adult. Entire plumage deep rufous, sliglitly darker above than 
below; the feathers from the forehead to the mantle have darker 
glossy shafts than those of the throat and fore part of the chest; 
the quills with broad brown ends ; bill green, passing into yellow 
towards the tip and on the edges ; legs olive-brown. Total length 
15-7 inches, culmen 1*5, wing 0-3, tail 9, tarsus 1*7. 

Hah. Philippine Islands. 

a. Ad. bk. Manila {Maltland Reriot). Tweeddale Coll. 
Subfamily III. PH(ENIC0PHA1K/E. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Tai'bus never twice the length of the 
culmen; bill never entirely black. 
a'. NobtriL exposed; with no abnormal 
feathers on the head. 
«". Bare ophthalmic patch separated 
from thebill by a band of feathers; 
tail-feathers with white ends. 


a'". Bill long and slender, much 
longer than tarsus 19. SAUROTHEHA, p. 309. 
b'". Bill shorter and stouter, not 
longer than tarsus. 

a1. Bill compressed at the sides; 
culmen strongly arched. 
Sexes very similar in plumage. 


a5. Bill rather more compressed, 
and with no green colour 
on it. 


aG. Larger : bill black with 
the exception of a large 
patch of orange on the 
lower mandible; wing 
and tail glossy, the former 
green, the latter 
blackish 20. HYETOIINIS, p. #72* 

368 
CTTCULID2E. 

b*. Smaller. 
a7. Back, wings, and tail 
rufonsb7 Back, wings, and tail 
glossy greenish blue..

c7. General colour isabelline; 
eyelashes very 
strongly developed ..

b\ Bill rather less compressed 
and partially green; wings 
and tail glossy green

bK Bill rather wide and not coniprehsed 
at the sides; culrnen 
nearly straight. Sexes dissimilar 
; wings chestnut; S 
head grey, § head rufous ..

b". Bare ophthalmic patch joining the 
bill with no separating band of 
feathers. 

c"f. Nostrils not pierced through an 
operculum. 

cK The ophthalmic bare patch extends 
across the forehead ; 
nostril-slit horizontal, linear 
and not basal; feathers of the 
head and neck forked; with 

white ends to tail-feathers ..

dl. The ophthalmic bare patch 
confined to the sides of the 
head; feathers of the head 
and neck not forked; no 
white on the plumage; with 
the throat chestnut. 

c5. Nostrils placed in a horizontal 
groove. 

cG. Nostril-opening elongated; 
ophthalmic patch grey ;
wings and tail purple"..

dB. Nostril-opening roundish j 
ophthalmic patch red; 
wings and part of tail 
metallic green

ds. Nostrils not placed in a horizontal 
groove. 
e°. Nostrils not placed in a 
groove, and round

f. 
Nostrils placed in a per^ 
pendicular groove
d'n. Nostrils opening in an oblique 
slit through a swollen operculum


V. Nostrils covered. With abnormal 
feathers on the head. 

e". With elongated red eyebrow-tufts.

d". With hoary tips to some of the

feathers of the head
Tarsus not less thnn twice the length 
of the culrnen; bill black " ..


 21. PIAYA, p. 373. 
22. ZANCLOSTOMUS, p. 360. 
23. TACCOCTTA, p. 381. 
24. HHQPODYTES, p. 384. 
25. RHINORTHA, p. 302. 
2G. PHCENICOPHAES,P. 395. 

 [p. 396. 
27. RHAMPHOCOCCYX, 
28. RHINOCOCCYX, p. 397. 
29. UJIOCOCCYX, p. 398. 
30. DBYOCOCCYX, p. 400. 
[p. 401. 
31. CEUTHMOCHABES, 
32. DASYLOPHUS, p. 403. 
[p. 404. 
33. LEPIDOGKRAMMUS, 
34. OOUA. D. 405. 
19 . bVTTROTJIEKY. 
309 

19. SAUROTHERA. 
Type. 
Saurothera, VieilL Analyse, p. 28 (1816) S. vetula. 

Eange. Bahamas and Greater Antilles. 

Key to the Species,, 

a. Primaries bright rufous. 
a'. Smaller: wingless than 6 inches, tail less 
than 9 inches. 
a". Upper throat rufous buff; crown ashy 
like the back dominicensis, p. 369. 
b". Upper throat white ; crown brown, contrasting 
with the back vetula, p. 870. 

V. 
Larger : wing more than 6 inches, tail more 
than 9 inches. 
c". Crown and mantle rufous-brown; size 
larger merlini, p. 370. 
d". Crown and mantle olive-grey; size smaller, bahamensis, p. 371. 

b. Primaries brown 
vieilloti, p. 371. 
1. Saurothera dominicensis. 
Cuculus vetulus (nee Linn.), Less. Man. Orn. i. p. 121 (1828). 

Coceyzus pluvialis (nee Gm.), Temm. Tail. MStk p. 53 (1836). 

Saurothera dominicensis, Lafr. Mev. et Mag. Zool 1847, p. 355; 

Salle, P. Z. S. 1857, p. 234; Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 90. 
note (1862) ; Bryant, Proc. Bost. Soe. Nat. Hist. xi. p. 95 (18C6); 
Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 208, no. 8897 (1870); Scl $ Bah. Nomencl. 
Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873); Cory, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi. p. 154 
(1881) ; id. B. Haiti # San Bominyo, p. 98 (1885); id. List B. 

W. Bid. p. 18 (1885) ; Tristr. Ibis, 1884, p. 168; Cory, Auk, iii. 
p. 362 (1886) ; id. B. West Indies, p. 157 (1889). 
Coceyzus dominicensis, Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas} Cuculi, p. 40 (1864). 
Adult. Above ashy brown, slightly glossed with olive on the wings 

and tail; crown and nape slightly shaded with brown : primaries 

chestnut, with broad ashy-olive ends, a few of the outer secondaries 

having a portion chestnut; tail-feathers with broad black ends to 

the centre ones, which band becomes sub terminal on the remaining 

rectrices, these being broadly tipped with white; sides of the head and 

the 
underparts rufous buff, with the exception of the lower throat 

and the front half of the chest, which are ashy white, and the 

under surface of the quills, which is similar to their upper surface. 

Bare skin round the eye bright red; bill and legs slaty (G. B. Gory)* 

Total length 17 inches, culmen 2, wing 5*4, tail 8-6, tarsus 1-5. 

Hob. St. Domingo. 

a, b. Ad. sk. San Domingo. Purchased. 

c. 
Jad.sk. San Domingo, Jan. (C.B. Cory). SclaterColl. 
d. e. <$ ad. sk. San Domingo, Nov., Dec. Salvin-G-odman Coll. 
(C.B. Cory), 
f, g. 
Ad. sk. Haiti. Baron Maltzam. 
VOL. xix. 2 £ 

870 CUCTJLIDJG. 

2„ Saurotliera vetula. 

Cuculus vetula, Linn. Syst. Nat i. p, 169 (1766). 

Saurothera vetula, Steph, Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 216 (1826); Gosse, B. 
Jamaica, p. 273 (1847); id III. B. Jamaica, pi, 74 (1849); Bp. 
Consp. Av. i. p. 96 (1850); Cab. $ Heine, Mus. Eein. iv. p. 90 
(1862) ; Scl. Cat. Am. B. p. 323 (1862) j AlbrecM, J.f.O. 1862, 

p. 202 j March, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1868, p. 283; Gray, Hand-l 
B. ii p. 208, no. 8896 (1870); Scl $ Sale. Nomencl Av. Neotr. 
p. 107 (1873); A. $ K Netoton, Mandb. Jamaica, p. 109 (1881); 
Cory, List B. W. Ind. p. 18 (1885); id. Auk, iii. p. 363 (1886); 
id. B. W. Indies, p. 157 (1889). 
Saurotliera jarnaicensis, Baft: Bev. et Mag. Zool. 1847, p. 354. 
Coccyzus vetulus, Schl. Mus, Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 39 (1864). 

Adult. Very similar to &\ dominicensis, but differing in having the 
upper half of the head and upper hind neck brown, contrasting 
strongly with the mantle ; cheeks, lower portion of the ear-coverts, 
chin, and throat white, slightly tinted with grey on the sides of the 
throat; entire under surface of the body rufous buff; the under tail-
coverts occasionally white. Bare skin round the eye very small. 
Total length 14*7 inches, oilmen 2, wing 4-9, tail 8, tarsus 1*25. 

Mdb. Jamaica. 

a. Ad. sk.
b. J ad. sk. 
Moneague, Jamaica (O. Salvin). 
Spanish Town, March 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W. T. March). 
c. Ad. sk. Jamaica Seebohm Coll. 
d. Ad. sk. Jamaica. Tweeddale Coll. 
e,f. Ad. sk. Jamaica. SclaterColl. 
g. Ad. sk.
h. J ad. sk. 
Jamaica. 
Jamaica. 
Capt. Hamilton [P.]. 
Gosse Coll. 
i. 5 ad. sk. Moneague, Feb. Bryant Coll. 

3. Saurothera merlin! 
Saurothera merlini, D'Orb. Hist, Nat. Cuba, p. 152, pi. 25 (1839) j 
Lafr. Bev. Zool. 1847, p. 359 • Bp. Consp. i. p. 97 (1850) • Gundl. 

J.f.O. 1866, p. 104 j id. Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Mist. vi. p. 319 
(1857); Brewer, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Mist. vii. p. 307 (18i30) j 
Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Mein. iv. p. 91 (1862) ; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. 
p. 208, no. 8899 (1870); Gundl Rep. Fisico Nat. Cuba, i. p. 208 
(1870); Scl Sr Salv. Norn. Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873); Gundl 
Jf. 0.1874, p. 158; Cory, 1MB. W. Ind. p. 18 (1864): id. Auk. 
iii. p. 363 (1886); id. B. West Indies, p. 158 (1889). 
Coccyzus merlini, Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Guculi, p. 40 (1864). 
Saurothera gigantea, Lafr. MS. 
Saurothera havanensis, Wurtt. MS. 
Adult. Above rufous, shaded with brown on the crown, back, and 
mantle, and with a more olive gloss on the secondaries and tail-
feathers, the latter with white ends and rather broad subterminal 
black bars to all but the centre ones ; primaries bright rufous with 
olive-brown ends ; sides of the head slightly greyer than the crown; 

10 . SAUROTHERA. 
throat brownish white, palest on the chin and centre ; lower chest, 
abdomen, and under tail-coverts golden chestnut; under wing-
coverts rufous buffi ; under surface of the quills bright rufous, with 
brown ends to tho feathers. Total length 22 inches, culmon 2*2, 
wing 7*3, tail 13, tarsus 1-8. 

Ilab. Cuba. 
a. Ad. sk. Cuba. Edward Wilson. 
b. Ad. sk. Cuba.
Esq. fP.]. 
Salvin-tlodman Coll 
c. Ad.sk.
d. e. Ad. sk. 
San Cristoval(6r. F. Gaumer). 
Cuba. 
Salvin-G odnian Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

4. Saurothera bahamensis. 
Saurothera vetula (nee Linn,), Bryant, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 
vii, p. 106 (1859). 
Saurothera bahamensis, Bryant, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. ix. p. 280 
(1864) ; Cory, B. Bahama Is. p. 110, cum tab. (1880) ; id. List B. 

W. 2nd. I p. 18 (1885); id. Auk, iii. p. 364 (1886); id. B. W. 
Indies, p. 159 (1889). 
" Above pale olive, showing slightly greenish reflections; throat 
and breast dull greenish white, belly and crissum tawny; primaries 
mostly rufous ; tail-feathers, except the two centre ones, tipped with 
pale brownish white; legs slate-blue • soles of the feet yellow: 
eyelids vermilion-red; upper mandible brownish, shading into slatecolour 
at the base; iris brown. Total length 18 inches, wing G'2o, 
tail 9*5, tarsus 1-8." (C. B. Gory.) 
Hah. Bahama Islands. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Bahamas (Governor Blake). Sclater Coll. 

5. Saurothera vieilloti. 
Saurothera vetula (nee Linn.), Vieill N. Diet, xxxii. p. 348 ; id. Gal. 
Ois. i. p. 25, pi. 38 (1825); Less. Man. Orn. p. 121 (1828); id. 
Traits, p. 144 (1831); Lafr. Rev. et Mag. Zool 1847, p. 357. 

Saurothera vieilloti, Bp. Consp. i. p. 97 (1850); id. P. Z. S. 1857, 

p. 234; A. # E. Newton, Ibis, 1859, p. 378; Set, Cat. Amer. B. p. 324 
(1862) ; Cab. # Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 91, note (1862); Taylor, 
Ibis, 1864, p. 170 ; Sundev. (Efv. K. Vet.-Ak. Fork. 1869, p. 599 ; 
Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 208, no. 8898 (1870); Scl. $ Salv. Norn. 
Ao. Neotr. p. 107 (1873); Gundl. An. Soc. Fsp. Hist. Nat. vii. 
p. 230 (1878); Cory, Bull. Nutt. Or?i. Club, vi. p. 155 (1881) ; 
Cory, List B. W. hid. i. p. 18 (1885); id. Auk, iii. p. 363 (1886) ; 
id. B. W. Indies, p. 158 (1889). 
Adult. Entire upper parts nearly uniform brown, all but the two 
centre tail-feathers having white ends and a subterminal black 
band; throat and fore part of chest brownish white; remainder of 
the under surface of the body and the under tail-coverts golden 
chestnut; under wing-coverts and basal portion only of the inner 

2B 2 

CFCTTLID.TS. 

margins of iho quills rufous buff. Total length 174 inches, culmon 
1-7, wing 5*4, tail 10*3, tarsus 1-2. 

Hal. Islands of Porto Bico and St. Thomas. 

a, /;, e. Ad. sk. Porto Rico (C. B. Cory). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(I Ad. sk. Porto Rico. Bryant Coll. 

e. Ad. sk. Porto Rico (Dr. Bryant). Sclater Coll. 
/. Ad. sk. St. Thomas. Purchased. 
7/. Ad. sk. Bieque Island (Miise). Sclater Coll. 
20. HYETORNIS. 
Type. 
Hyetornis, Scl. Cat. Am. Birds, p. 321 (1862) II. pluvialis. 
Hyetomantis, Cab. J.f. 0. 1862, p. 203, note H. pluvialis. 
Range. Confined to Jamaica. 

9. Hyetornis pluvialis. 
Cuculiis pluvialis, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 411 (1788); Wald. Ibis, 1809, 
p. 336. 
Coccyziis jamaiceiisis, Hartl. Verz. Mus. Brem., NacMr. p. 16. 
Piava pluvialis, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (184(3); Gosse, B. Jamaica, 
p" 277 (1847); BtsMurs, Iconogr. Orn. texte to pi. 65 (1848); Gosse, 

111. B. Jamaica, pi. 9 (1849); Bp. Consp. i. p. Ill (1850); Scl. 
P. Z. S. 1861, p. 79; Albrecht, J. f. 0 1862, p. 203 ; March, Proc. 
Ac. Philad. 1863, p. 288; Pelz. this, 1873, p. 33. 
Piaya cimiamomeiveutris, Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1846, p. 821, 1847, 

p. 80; Des Jfurs, Iconogr. 6m. pi. 65 (1848). 
Ptiloleptis pluvialis, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyyod. p. 6 (1854). 
Hyetornis pluvialis, Scl. Cat. Amer. B. p. 321 (1862); Cab.fyHeine, 
*Mm. Hein. iv. p. 80 (1862); Scl. $ Salo. Nome?icl. Av. Neotr. 

p. 108 (1873); A. § E. Newton, List B. Jamaica, p. 109 (1881) 
Cory, List B. W. Lid. i. p. 19 (1885); id. Auk, iii. p. 336 (1886) 
id. B. W. Indies,y. 101 (1889). 
Hyetomantis pluvialis, Cab. J.f.O. 1862, p. 203 note. 
Coccyzus pluvialis, Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cueuli, p. 39 (1864). 
Hyetornis pluvianus, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 212, no. 8939 (1870). 


Adult. Upper half of the head and back of the neck deep slaty 

grey; mantle and back olive-brown, with a strong olive gloss on the 

wings and upper tail-coverts ; tail purplish black, with white ends 

to all of the feathers; cheeks, ear-coverts, and throat pale ashy, 

passing into white towards the chin; remainder of under surface, 

under wing and tail-coverts deep chestnut; under surface of the 

quills uniform dusky olive: " bill black, genys pale grey; iris hazel ; 

feet bluish grey" (P. H. Gosse). Total length 17*9 inches, cul


men 1*7, wing 7*2, tail 11*7, tarsus 1*5. 

Hab. Jamaica. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Jamaica. J. Could, Esq. [P.]. 

c. Ad. sk. Jamaica. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d-g. Ad. sk. Jamaica. Seebohm Coll. 
h, i. Ad. sk. Jamaica. Sclater Coll. 
k. $ Ad. sk. Moneague, Jamaica, Feb. Bryant Coll. 
L Sternum. Jamaica. Gosse Coll. 
21. PUYA. 37l> 
21. PIAYA. . rn 
Type. 
Piaya, Jkas. 7V0&* On. p. 139 (1831) P. cayana. 
Coccycua, Xess. TVYw'tf Or;?, p. 142 (1831) P. niinuta. 
Pyrrhococcyx, C«#. in Schomb. Pels, iii. (1848) p. 713 .. P. cayana. 
Coccyzusa, Cab. <$• Heine, Mm. Ilein. Tli. iv. p. 80, note.. P. miniiia. 

Range. The whole of Central America, and South America as far 
as Bolivia and the Argentine Uepnblic. 

Key to the Species. 

a, Larger; throat pink, chest pearl-crrey cat/ana, p. #70. 

b. Smaller; throat chestnut ; breast blackish with 
no pearl-groy. 
a'. Bill red ; crown grey melanoyastra, p. 377. 
//. Bill yellow; crown deep chestnut like the 

back minnta, p. 378, 

1. Piaya cayana. 
Cuculus cayanus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 170 (1766) ; Wald, Ibis, 
1809, p. 335. 
Cuculus riclibimclus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 414 (1788); Wald. Ibis, 
1869, p. 330. 
Tingaru, Azara, Apimt, Hist. Nat. Pax. (1) ii. p. 265 (1805); Ilartl. 

Syst. Ind. Azara, p. 17 (1847). 
Cuculus rubicundus, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 100 (1815). 
Coccyzus macrocercus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. viii. p. 275 (1817); id. 

^ Dnc. Meth. iii. p. 1347 (1823). 
Coccyzus ridibundus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. viii. p. 277 (1817); id. Bnc. 
Meth. iii. p. 1348 (1823). 
Cuculus nioxicanus, Szvai?is. Syn. B. Mex., Phil. Mag, L p. 440 
(1827). 

Coccyzus cayanus, Waqh Isis, 1831, p. 524; Neumed, Beitr. Naturg. 
Bras, iv.'p. 329 (1832); Bp. P. Z. S. 1837, p. 115 ; Tsch. Faun. 
Per., Orn. pp. 40,255 (1845) ; Burm. 7%/m^Wii.p.205(1855); 
Gray, Iland-L B. ii. p. 211, no. 8025 (1870). 

Piaya cayana, Less. Traite, p. 140 (1831) ; Cass. Proc. Ae. Pkilad. 

iv. p. 91 (1850); ScL P. Z. S. 1854, p. 115; JD&t Mars in Cast. 
Rip. Am. Mer., Ois. p. 17 (1855); *SW. P. Z. S. 1800, p. 285; id. 
Cat. Amer. B. p. 321 (1802); Schl Mas. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 58 
(1804); Taylor, Ibis, 18G4, p. 93 ; Leotaud, Ois. Trinidad, p. 34G 
(1800); ScL 6r Salv. P. Z. S. 1807, p. 585; Pelz. Orn. Bras. 
p. 27^ (1871); Hamilton, Ibis, 1871, p. 307; TVyatt, t. c. p. 379; 
Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 393; ScL § Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. 
p. 108 (1873); iid. P. Z. S. 1879, pp. 537, 633; Bidgio. Proc. U.S. 
Nat. Mus. ix. p. 162 (1880); Salv. Ibis, 1889, p. 372; ScL # 
Hudson, Argent. Orn. ii. p. 30 (1889). 
Coccyzus cayanensis, Swains. Cla*s. B. ii. p. 323 (1837). 
Piaya ridibunda, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1840). 
Pyrrhococcyx cayamib, Cab. in Schomb. JReis. Brit. Guiana, iii. p. 713 


(1848); tiab.§ Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 86, note (1862); Cab. 

J.f.O. 1802, p. 109. 
Piaya cayanensis, Gambel, Jour. Ac. Philad. 1849, p. 215. 
Piaya macroura, Gambel, t. c. p. 215; ScL P. Z. S. 1800, p. 285. 
Piaya circe, Bp. Consp. i. p. 110 (1850); ScL Cat. Amer. B. p. 321 
(1862), 

CT7CUIJDJS. 

374 

Piaya mehleri, Bp. Consp. i. p. 110; (1850) ; Sel PZ. S. 1SO5 

p. 103,1868, VV.75, 460, 1859, p. 146, I860, pp. 95, 285; id. Cat. 
Amer B p 322 (1862); SchL Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 5/ 
(1864); Set. PZS. 1864, p. 177; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 156; 
Scl. & Salv. t. c. pp. 280, 752, 758; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, pp. 211, 
837; id. Ibis, 1872, p. 323; Sol. $ Salv. PZS. 1873, p. 296; 
Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 48. 
Piaya viridirostris, Wurtt. MS.; Bp. Consp. J ol. Zygod. p. 0 
(1854). 

Amer. B. p. 322 (1862); SchL Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 5 
(1864); Salv. Ibis, 1866, p. 204; Ridgw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. 

p. 162 (1886). 
Piaya tliermopliila, Scl P. Z. S. 1859, p. 368 ; id. $ Salv. Ibis, I860, 
p; 43 ; Taylor, t c. p. 118. 

- Piava nigricrissa, Scl. P. Z. S. I860, pp. 285, 297; id. Cat. Amer. 

B. p. 322 (1862) ; id. # Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 366, 1866, p. 195; 
Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. N. Y.rk, viii. p. 177 (1866); Tacz. P. Z. S. 
1874, p. 548,1877, p. 328,1879, p. 240. 
Pyrrliococcyx melileri, Cab. J. f. 0. 1862, p. 167; id. § Heine, Mus. 
"Hein. iv. p. 83 (1802). 
Pyrrliococcyx macrurus, Cab. J. f. O. 1862, p. 168; id. & Seine, 
Mus. Rein. iv. p. 86 (1862). 
Pyrrliococcyx nigricrissa, Cab. J.f O. 1S62, p. 169; id. § Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 85 (1862). 
Pyrrliococcyx mexicamis, Cab. J.f O. 1862, p. 170; id. $ Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 82 (1862): Finsck, Abhandl nat. Ter. Brem. 
1870, p. 356. 

- 
Pyrrliococcyx columbinus, Cab. J.f.O. 1862, p. 173; id. § Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 82, note (1862). 
Pyrrliococcyx mesurus, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 83, note 
(1862). 
Pyrrliococcyx pallescens, Cab. Sf Heine, t. c. p. 86. 
Cuculus cinnamonieus, LicJit. MS. in Mus. Berol.,Jide Cab. Sf Heine, 
Mus. Hein. iv. p. 82 (1862). 

* 
Pyrrliococcyx guianensis, Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 85 (1862). 
Pyrrbococcyx circe, Finscli, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 587. 
Coccyzus niacrourus, Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 211, no. 8926 (1870). 
Coccyzus mexicamis, Gray, t. c. p. 211, no. 8930. 
Coccyzus pallescens, Gray, t. c. p. 211, no. 8931. 
Coccyzus guianensis, Gray, t. e. p. 211, no. 8932. 
Coccyzus mesurus, Gray, t. c. p. 211, no. 8933. 
" Coccyzus columbinus, Gray, t. c. p. 211, no. 8934. 
Piaya cayana mehleri, Nutting, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. v. p. 401 (1882), 

vi. p. 376 (1883), vii. p. 388 (1884). 
Piaya cayana nigricrissa, Tacz. Orn. Pirou, iii. p. 186 (1886). 

Adult. Above dark rufous, with a violet gloss on the wings and 
tail, slightly paler and browner on the crown, the quills passing 
into dark brown at the ends ; all the tail-feathers with white ends 
and subterminal black bars; sides of the head pinker than the 
crown; cheeks, ear-coverts, and entire throat pink; chest pearl-
grey, passing into leaden grey on the thighs and into dusky blackish 
on the abdomen and under tail-coverts; under surface of the tail 

21 . MAYA. 375 
black, with white ends; under wing-coverts pearl-grey; quills 
rufous, paler on the basal portions of the inner webs and tipped 
with brown: "iris bright crimson• bare patch round the eye red 
on the upper half, greyer on the lower half; bill yellowish green, 
greener at the base; legs leaden grey " (TaczanoivsE). Total length 
19*4 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6, tail 13*1, tarsus 1-4. 

The dark portion of the tail underneath varies from black to 

chestnut. 
Hob. The same as that of the genus. 


a. Ad. sk. 
b. Ad. sk. 
c. el S ? ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk. 
/. $ ad. sk. 
#. J ad. sk. 
h, i. <S ad. sk. 

k, I. (S ad. sk. 

m. (S ad. sk. 
n, o. <$ ad. bk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
q. Ad, sk. 
r. $ ad. sk. 
s. J ad. sk. 
t} n. S ad. sk. 

v, w. Ad. sk. 
x-b'. <$ ad.: c', 
d',e'. Jad.sk. 
/' . Ad.sk. 

(j. J ad. sk. 
/?'. $ ad. sk. 
£'. <S ad.; k'9 lf. 
§ ad. sk. 
m\ 5 ad. sk, 
ri, o'. <$ ad. sk. 
p'. S ad. sk. 
q'. 2 ad. sk. 
r', s'. Ad. sk. 

V. Ad, sk. 
Mexico. 
Mexico. 
Mazatlan, W. Mexico, Dec. 


(A. Forrer). 
Putla. 
La Ooncepcion (Boucard), 
Bolanos, Jalisco, Feb. (W, B. 


Richardson). 

Hac. S. Marcos, Zapotlan, 
Jalisco, May (W. Lloyd). 
San Bias, Tepic, April, May 


(W. B. Richardson). 
Zapotlan, Jalisco, Dec. (W. B. 
Richardson). 
Colirna, Dec, Jan. (W. B. 
Richardson). 
Acapulco, Guerrero, Sept. {Mrs. 

H. H. Smith). 
Acapulco, March (A. H. Markham). 
Xantipa, Guerrero, Sept. {Mrs. 

II. H. Smith). 
Chietla, Canton de Ohiantla, 
Dec. (Ferrari-Berez). 
Juchatengo, Oaxaca, April 

(If. Truxillo). 
Oaxaca (Fenochio). 
Tampico, Feb., March (W. B. 

Richardson). 
Tamaulipas (W. B. Richardson). 


Valles, San Luis Potosi, May 

(W. B. Richardson). 
Misantla, March (F. D. G.). 
Misantla, Dec. (M. Truxillo). 
Oofre de Perote, July (M. 
Truxillo). 
Coatepec (31. Truxillo fy Ferrari-
Perez). 

S. Lorenzo, Canton de Cordova, 
Dec. (Ferrari-Berez). 
Playa Vicente, Dec. (M. 
Truxillo). 
Jalapa (F. D. G. Sf de Oca). 
Jalapa (de Oca). 

Purchased. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Seebohrn Coll. 
SeeTbohin Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-GodmaB Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 

376 cxrcutiD^. 

u'} v'. c?ad.; w'. 

2 ad. ak. 

%', y'. Ad. sk. 

z', a". Ad, sk 
h". $ ad. sk. 
e". $ ad. sk. 
d", e". Ad. sk. 

/" . Ad.sk. 
g". Ad. sk. 
'/*". Ad. sk. 
i". S ad. sk. 
h". Ad. sk. 


l"-f. Ad. sk. 

q"-t". Ad. sk. 

u". Ad. sk. 

2;". $ ad.; w", 
#", #". 2 ad. 
sk. 

*". Ad. sk. 

fz3-e3, Ad.sk. 
f3. Ad. sk. 
>3, A3. Ad. sk. 
a3. (51 ad. sk. 
7c3. Ad. sk. 

P. Ad. sk. 
m3. Ad. sk. 
w3. Ad. sk. 
o3. Ad. sk. 
jA Ad. sk. 
g'\ J ad. sk. 

r\ Ad. sk. 

s3. Ad. sk. 

t\ ? ad. sk. 
w3. Ad. sk. 
z?3. Ad.sk. 

iv3, #3. Ad. sk. 
y\ S ad. sk. 

s3. Ad. sk. 

a\ Ad. sk. 
h\ cK $ ad. sk, 

Orizaba, Dec. (F. D. G. $Ferrari-
Perez). 
Atoyao, May (Mrs. S. JS. 

Smith). 
Teapa, Feb. (Mrs. H. H. Smith). 
Tonala, Dec. (F. Sumichrast). 
Tabi; Yucatan, Feb. (FB. G.\ 
Peto, Yucatan, April (G. F. 

Gcmmer). 
Buczotz, April (G.F. Gaumer). 
Merida, March (G. F. Gaumer). 
Temax, May (G. F. Gaamer), 
Izalarn, Feb. (G. F. Gaumer). 
Northern Yucatan (G. F 

Gcmmer), 
Mugeres Island, Dec. (G. F. 
Gaumer). 
Holbox Island, Dec. (G. F. 
Gaimer). 
Meco Island, Nov. (G. F. 
Gaumer). 

Western District, British Honduras 
(F. Blancaneaicx). 

Belize, British Honduras (F. 
Blancaneaicx). 

Guatemala. 
Eetalhuleu (0. S.). 
Duenas (0. S.). 
Izabal, June (0. S.). 
CobanfO. S.). 
Cajabon (0. S.). 
Chisee (O.S.). 
San Geronirno (0. S.). 
San Pedro, Honduras {G. M. 


WUtely). 
Chontales, Nicaragua (T. Belt). 
Angostura, Costa Eica, March 

(J. Carmiol). 
Bebedero, Nicoya, Costa Eica, 
March (Ft Aree). 
Tucurriqm, Costa Eica (JS. 

Aree). 
Castillo, Veragua (JS. Arci). 
Chepo, Panama. 
Paraiso Station, Panama (A. 

Sughes). 
Panama (X McLeannan). 
Minca, Santa Marta, U.S. Co


lombia, Jan. (2000 ft.; F. 

A. A. Simons). 
Valle Dupar, 'Santa Marta. 
Feb. (700 ft; F A. A. 

Santa Marta. 
Envigado, Antioquia (T. K. 
Salmon). 

Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godruan Coll. 
Salvin-Godman C\»] I. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Gould Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Cull. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 

d\ e\ Ad. sk. 
f\ $ ad. sk. 
/ , A4, a4. Ad. sk. 

k\ IK Ad. sk. 
mk,nl,o4:. Ad. sk. 
;A Ad. sk. 
#4. Ad. sk. 

r1, s1. Ad. sk. 

j?1, ^4. Ad. sk. 
i?1. Ad. sk. 


w1, #4. d ? ad. 

sk. 
y%. <$ ad. sk. 
a1. Ad. sk. 


a5-d5. Ad. sk. 
e5. S ad. sk. 
f% g\ <J ? ad. 

sk. 
AJ. Ad. sk. 
f\ Ad. sk. 
¥\ <$ ad. sk. 


P. (S ad. sk. 
m5-q\ <$ 2 ad. "Yquitos, April, Aug., Sept. 
sk. (K. Whitely). 
r \ Ad. sk. Chanchamayo, Aug. (H. 
Whitely). 

s3, £\ Ad. sk. Juanani, Bolivia (C. Buckley). 

u3, v5, to"'. Ad. sk. Brazil. 

x""-db. Ad. sk. 

es,f. Ad.sk. 
0°, AG. Ad. sk, 
i°. Ad. sk. 

&c 

. $ ad. sk. 

Zb 6 

, m. £ ? ad. 

sk. 
wG. Ad. sk. 
o°,y» g-0. Ad.sk. 
rfa. d ad. sk. 

56. (31 ad. sk. 
21 . PIAYA. 
Medellin (T. K. Salmon). 
Colombia. 
Bogota. 
Ecuador. 
Quito, Ecuador. 
Pallatanga, Ecuador (L. Frase?'). 
E&meraldas, Ecuador (X. 


Fraser). 
Santa Rita, Ecuador (C. 
Buckley). 

Venezuela. 
British Guiana. 

Bartica Grove, British Guiana, 

Oct. (K. Whitely). 
Oamacusa, July (II. Whitely). 
Maroni River, Surinam (Kap


pier). 

Cayenne. 
Para, May (A. B. Wallace). 
Para, Aug. (JE, L. Bayard). 


Eio Negro. 
Eastern Peru (Tschudi). 
Pebas, June (J. Kauxioell). 
Huiro, July (K. Whitely). 


Chapada, Matto Grosso, Oct., 
Nov., Eeb., March, June 

(H. H. Smith). 
Pernambuco (W. A. Forbes). 
Bahia (Dr. Wucherer). 
Novo Fribourgo (J. Youds). 
Rio Claro (Joyner). 
Sao Paulo (Joyner). 
Rio Grande do Sul. 
South Brazil (J. Natterer). 
Uruguay, Aug. 
Tucuman, Argentine Republic, 


June. 

377 

Seebohm Coll. 
Purchased. 
Salvin-Godruan Coll 
Tweeddale CoU. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 
Royal Geographical 
Society [P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Alan Peel, Esq. [P.]. 


H. 
Durnford, Esq, 
[0.]. 
2. Piaya melanogastra. 
Cuculus cayanixs, var. y, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 147 (1788); Wald. 
Ibis, 1869, p. 337. 
Cuculus melanogaster, Vieill Nouv. Diet viii. p. 236 ; id. Enc. Mith. 

p. 1337 (1823). 
Macropus caixana, Spiv, Av. Bras. i. p. 54, pi. 43. &g. 1 (1824). 
Piaya brachyptera, Less. Traite, p. 140 (1831); Wald. Ibis, 1809, 
p. 334. 
Melias eoralhrkynchus, Bess, Rev. Zooh 1840, p. 1, 
378 CTTCTTLTDJS. 

Phoenicopkaus corallirliynchus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 759 (1845). 
Pyrrhococcyx brachypterus, Cab. in ScJwmb.Beise Guiana, iii. p. 714 
(1848). 
Ooccygus brachypterus, Burm, Syst. Uebers. Tk. Bras. ii. p. 266 

(1856). 
Ouculus amaurocepkalus, Licht in Mus. Berol,fide Cab. 8f Seine. 
Pyrrhococcyx melanogaster, Cab.fyHeine, Mus. Kein. iv. p. 88 (1862). 
Piaya melanogastra, Schl Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 59 (18G4); 

Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, pp. 752, 758; Peh. Orn. Bras. p. 273 
(1871); Scl $ Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 108 (1873); id. P. Z. S. 
1873, p. 296; Tacx. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 188 (1886). 

Coccyzus melanogaster, Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 211, no. 8927 (1870). 

Adult Above chestnut, with the forehead and crown grey ; quills 
with dark-brown ends; all the tail-feathers with white ends and 
broad black subterminal bars; sides of the head grey like the 
crown; ear-coverts and the entire throat, neck, and front of the 
chest rufous; under wing-coverts slaty grey ; quills chestnut, with 
brown ends: " bill red; irides crimson; legs and claws slatecolour" 
(H. Whitehj). Total length 15-3 inches, culmen 1*3, 
wing 5-4, tail 9*3, tarsus 1-4. 


Eab. Guiana, Amazonia to Eastern Ecuador and Northern Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. South America. Old Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk. British Guiana. # Seebohm Coll. 
d, e, $ 2 ad. sk. Bartica Grove, British Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept., Nov. (H. Wliitely). 

f. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Zoological Society. 
g. Ad. sk. Biver Amazons. Seebohm Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Kio Negro. Seebohm Coll. 
i, h, I. Ad. sk. Chamicuros, Peruvian Amazons, Edward Bartlett, 
May, Sept. Esq. TO.]. 
on. Ad. sk. Chyavetas, E. Peru, July (E. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Bartlett). 
n,o. Ad.sk. Sarayacu,Ecuador (C.BiwMey). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

p. Jad.sk. Boiba,Brazil,Feb. (J.Natterer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q. S ad. sk. Borba, Brazil, May {J.Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
3. Piaya minuta. 
Cuculus cayanus, var. ]3, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 170 (1766): Wald. 
1^,1869, p. 335. 
' ? Ouculus rutilus, III Ablumdl. Berl. Ah. Wissensch. 1812, p. 224. 
Coccyzus minutus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. viii. p. 275 (1817); id. ISnc. 
Meth. p. 1346 (1823); Burm. Thier. Bras. ii. p. 2C7 (1855). 
Coccyzus rutilus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. viii. p. 277 (1817); id. Enc. Meth. 

p. 1348 (1823); Gray, Kand-l B. ii. p. 212, no. 8930 (1870). 
Macropus caixana, pt, Spiv, Av, Bras. i. p. 54, pi. 43.fig. 2,* <j> (1824). 
Coccyzus caixana (nee Spice), Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 207 (1826). 
Ouculus monachus, Cuv. Mus. Paris,fideLess. 
Coccycua monachus, Less. TraitL p. 142 (1831); Pucker. Rev. et 
Mag. Zool 1853, p. 68. 
Piaya minuta, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1846); Scl. P. Z. S. I860. 

p. 297; id. Cat Amer. B. p. 322 (1862); Leotaud, Ois. Trinidad, ^ 
p. 348 (1860); Sol. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 195,1867, p. 585, 
1870, p. 782,1873, p. 296,1879, p. 537; id. Nomencl Av. Neotr. 
21 . PTAYA. 379 
p. 108 (1873); Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 313; Tacz. Orn. Peron, iii. 
p. 187 (1886). 
Piaya rutila, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1846); Scl. P. Z. S. 18C0, 
pp. 285, 297; Cab. & Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 88 (1862); Peh. 
Om. Bras. p. 273 (1871); Tacz. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 333. 

Pyrrliococcyx minutns, Cab. in Sthomb. Bern Guiana, iii. p. 714 
(1848). 
Coccyzsea rnonaclius, "Less" Burm. TJder. Bras. ii. p. 267 (1855), 
note. 
Pyrrliococcyx rutilus, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 88 (1862) : 

Heine, J.f. 0.1863, p. 356; Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 587. 
Coccyzusa rutila, Cab.ty Heine, Mus. Hein. Tli. iv. p. 89 (1862) note. 
Coccyzu&a gracilis, Heine, J.f. 0.1863, p. 356. 
Piaya gracilis^ Scl. § Salv. P. Z. S.1864, p. 366. 
Coccyzus gracilis, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 212, no. 8937 (1870). 

Adult male. Above uniform deep chestnut, shading into dark 
brown on the ends of the primaries, the tail-feathers darkening 
almost into black next to their moderately broad white ends; sides 
of the head and throat chestnut like the crown; chest grey, washed 
with pale rufous ; abdomen and under tail-coverts darker and more 
dusky; under surface of the wings chestnut, paler on the coverts, 
and with dark brown ends to the quills; bill yellow, shaded with 
scarlet on the lower mandible; iris red; legs pale grey. Total 
length 10*2 inches, oilmen 0*8, wing 3*9, tail 6*2, tarsus 1*05. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
10*3 inches, culmen 0*75, wing 3*9, tail 6'2, tarsus 1. 
Hob. From Panama to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, Central 
Brazil and Guiana. 

a,b. $ % ad. sk. 

c. Ad. sk. 
d. $ ad. sk. 
e. Ad. sk. 
/ . Ad. sk. 
g. <$ ad. sk. 
h. Ad. sk. 
i. Ad. &k. 
k. Ad. sk. 
I. Ad. sk. 
m. Ad. sk. 
n. Ad. sk. 
o. Ad. sk. 
p. Ad. sk. 
q. S ad. &k. 
r. <$ ad. sk. 
s. J ad. sk. 
t 6 ad. sk. 

u. Ad. sk. 
c~y. Ad. sk. 
z, a!. Ad. sk. 
Panama {J. McLeannan). 
Panama (J. McLeannan). 
Medellin, Antioquia (T. K 

Salmon). 

Bogota. 
Bogota, 
Merida, Venezuela (A. Goering). 
Demerara. 
British Guiana. 
Cayenne. 
Trinidad. 
Trinidad. 
Ecuador. 
Babahoyo, Ecuador (L.Fraser). 
Balzar *Mts., Ecuador (Illing


worth). 
Sarayacu, E. Peru (22. Bartlett). 
Pebas, E. Peru, June (J. Hauxwell). 
Villa Maria, Brazil, Sept. (J. 
Natterer). 
Villa Maria, Brazil, July (J. 
Natterer). 

Brazil. 
South America. 
South America. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Zoological Society. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Salvin-Godman Coll. 


Sclater Coll. 


Seebohm Coll. 
T-weedclale Coll. 
Gould Coll. 


380 
CTTfULm.lS. 

22. ZANCLOST01CXJS. 
Type. 
Zanclostomus, Swaim. Class. B. ii. p. 323 (1837) Z. javanicus. 
Range. From Southern Tenasserim down the Malayan peninsula 

to Sumatra, Java, and Borneo. 

1. Zanclostomus javanicus. 
Phoenicophaes javanicus, Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 178 (1822); 
id. Zool Research. Java, pi. 57 (1824); Steph. Gen. ZooL xiv. p. 216 
(1826); Vig. Mem. Bqffl. p. 670 (1830) ; Less. Traite, p. 132 
(1831); Fyto?i, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 105; Schl Mm. Pays-Bas, 
Cttculi, p. 55 (1864). 

Coccyzus rubrirostris, JDrap. Diet. Hist. Nat. iv. p. 558 (1823). 
Piaya chrysogaster, Cuv., Less. TraiU, p. 140 (1831); S. Mull. Land-
en Volk. p. 234 (1839-44); Pucker. JRev. et Mag. ZooL 1853, 

p. 67. 
Piaya eiytkrorhyncka, Less. TraiU, p. 141 (1831) ; Blyth, Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soc, App. p. xix (1852). 
Zanclostomus javanicus, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 323 (1837); Blyth, 

J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 1097 (1842), xiv. p. 200 (1845); Gray, Gen. B. 
ii. p. 460 (1845); Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 76 (1849); Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 09 (1850) ; Horsf. $ Moore, Cat. B. Mus. JS. I. Co. ii. 
p. 688 (1850-58); Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 458; Cab. # Heine, 
Mus. Hem. iv. p. 64 (1862); Gray, Hand-l. BM p. 206, no. 8730 
(1870) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 606, fig. 13; Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, 
p. 7o (1874) j Hume, Sir. F. ii. p. 472 (1874) ; Blyth $ Walcl. 
Cat. Mamm. fy B. Burma, p. 81 (1875) ; Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, 
p. 287; Hume, Sir. F. yi. pp. 167, 506 (1878), viii. pp. 54, 89 
(1879); Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 245; id. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 793; 
Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, p. 54; A. Midi. J.f.O. 1882, p. 409 ; Blasius, 
Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxiiL p. 33 (1883); Nicholson, Ibis, 
1883, p. 87; Oates, Hanclb. B. Brit. Burmah, ii. p. 125 (1883); 
Everett, Journ. Straits Branch It. Asiat. Soc. 1889, p. 175; Sharpe, 
Ibis, 1890, p. 13. 
Melias javanicus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 5 (1854). 

Adult. Above leaden grey, very strongly glossed with bluish 
green on the mantle, wings, upper tail-coverts, and tail; the feathers 
of the forehead and crown with elongated black hair-like shafts; a 
small patch of bare skin round the eye bright blue; cheeks and 
throat tawny buff; chest leaden grey, slightly washed with buff; 
abdomen, thighs, and under tail-coverts chestnut; under surface of 
the wings blue-grey, partially mottled with rufous buff on the 
coverts : " bill bright coral-red, gape duller; iris blackish brown; 
legs plumbeous green " (Davison). Total length 18 inches, culmen 
1-35, wing 5*5, tail 10*7, tarsus 1-3. 

Bab. The same as that of the genus. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Java (Horsfield). India Museum. 
' (Types of the species.) 
c, d. S 2 a(l-sk- Java (A. JR. Wallace). 

e. Ad. sk Borneo. 
Eajah Brooke [P.], 
/. 
$ adw sk. Matang, Sarawak, April (II, Seebojim Coll, 
Fverett). 

23 . TACCOCUA. 381 
ih ?h i. <$ ad.; 
/t. $ ad. sk. 
A Acl.sk. 
m Ad. sk. 
n. Ad. sk. 
o, p. S acl. sk. 
Sumatra, Sept., Oct. (C. Bock). 
Lampong, S.M Sumatra (JE7. C 
Buvton). 
Singapore. 
Singapore. 
Joliore, March, Sept. (If. 
Tweeclclale Coll. 
Twecddiile Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Gould Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. 
Davison). 
Pulo Sehan, Malacca, Nov. 10 Ilumo Coll. 
r,s. Ad.sk. 
^, w. Ad. sk. 
v~k\ Ad. sk. 
(W. Davison). 
Malacca {Dr. Cantor). 
Malacca (Dr. Maingay). 
Malacca, Jan., July, Aug., 
India Museum. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
/'. Ad. sk. 
mr . Ad.sk. 
Sept. ( JF, Davison). 
Klang, Salangore, March 20 
(W. Davison). 
Pe.iak. 
Hume Coll. 
Seebolim Coll. 
w'. Ad. sk. 
o'. (S ad. sk. 
Penang. 
Male wo on, Tenasserim, April 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
p'. Ad. sk. 
20 (A. L. Hough). 
Malewoon. Oates Coll. 
'/> r\ sr . 6 ad. 
etimm.; t'. § 
ad. sk. 
Bankasoon, Feb., April, Nov. 
( TV. Davison). 
Hume Coll. 
w'. 2 ad. sk. 
v\ Skeleton. 
Tavoy, April 13 (W. Davison). 
Java. 
Hume Coll. 
Purchased. 

23. TACCOCUA. 
Taccocua, Less. Traite Orn. p. 143 (1831) 
Type. 
T. sirkee. 
Acentetus; Cab. $ Heme, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 102 (1802) T. sirkee. 
Mange. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon. 
1. Taccocua sirkee. 
Oentropus sirkee, Gray, 111 Ind. Zool. i. pi. 28 (1830). 

Taccocua leschenaulti, Less. Traite, p. 144 (1831); Blyth, J. A. S. 
Bene/, xiv. p. 201 (1845); id. # Wald. Cat. B. Mus.'As. tfw.p.77 
(1849) ; Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 352 (1862) $ Iloldsworth, P. Z. S. 
1872, p. 433 j Hume, Xests § Eggs Ind. B. p. 145 (1873); Sharpe, 

P.Z. & 1873, p. 002, tig. 5; £rgye, Ibis, 1875, p. 285; Butler, 
Str. F. v. p. 218 (1877); Davidson # Wonden, op. cit. vii. p. 79 
(1878); Hume, op. cit. ^iii. p. 55 (1879); Legge, B. Ceylon, i. 
p. 266 (1880) ,• Tidal, Str. F. IX. p. 50 (1880) ; Butler, t. c. p. 889 ; 
Davison, op. cit. x. p. 361 (1881); Marshall, Ibis, 1884, p. 411; 
Sivinh. I* Barnes, Ibis, 1885, p. 04. * 
Coccyzus chrysogaster (nee Cuv.), Boyle, III. Bot, $c. Himalayan 
Mts., List B. p. 78 (1837); Horsf. > Moore, Cat. B. Mus. A I. 
Co. ii. p. 087 (1856-58). 

Zanclostomus sirkee, Jerd. Madr. Jour. xi. p. 233 (1840); Blyth, 

J. A. S. Beng. xi.p. 1098 (1842), xii. p. 246 (1843); Gray, Hand-l 
B. ii. p. 207, no. 8877 (1870). 
Centropus cuculoides, Smith, J. A. S. Beng. x. p. 650 (1841); Horsf, 
$ Moore, Cat. B. Mm. K I Co. ii. p. 687 (1856-58). 

382 
CUCFLID^;. 

Taccocua infubcata, Blyth, J. A. S. Benq. xiv. p. 200 (1845) ; id. Cat. 

B. Mies. As. Soc. p. 77 (1849); Horsf. $ Moore, Cat B. Mus. E. I. 
Co. ii. p. 087 (18-JG-OB) ; Jerd. B. Bid. I p. 353 (1862) ; Scully, 
Str.F.Viii. p. 258(1879). 
Taccocua 
sirkee, Blyth, J. A S. Beng. p. 201 (1845); id. Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 77 (1849); Horsf. % Moore, Cat B. Mus. E. I Co. 

ii. p. 087 (1850-58); Jerd. B. Bid. i. p. 353 (1862) ; id. Ibis, 1872, 
p. 16; Hume, Nests § Eggs hid. B. p. 145 (1873); Adam, Str. F. 
I. p. 374 (1873); Ball, op. cit. ii. p. 395 (1874); Beid, op. cit. x. 
p. 28 (1881); Davison, t. c. p. 300 ; Oates, ed. Humes Nests & 
Eggs Ind. B> ii. p 408 (1890). 
Taccocua affinis, Blyili, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 19 (1846); id. Cat B. 
Mus. As. Soc. p. 77 (1849); Jerd. B. Bid. i. p. 354 (1862) ; Hume, 
Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. p. 146 (1873); Bali, Str. F. ii. p. 394 
(1874), iii. p. 290 (1875); Fairbanks op. cit. iv. p. 255 (1876); 
Ball, op. cit. vii. p. 208 (1878). 

Zanelostonius affinis, Gray, Gen. B. iii. App. p. 23 (1849): id. 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 207, no. 8878 (1870). 
Zanelojstomus infu«catus, Gray, Gen. B. iii. App. p. 23 (1849): id. 

Hand-l B.n. p. 207, DO. 8876 (1870). 
Taccocua sirld inttibcata, Bp. Comp. Vol. Zggod. p. 5 (1854). 
Taccocua sirki cuculoides, Bp. 1. c. 
Acentetus infuscatus, Cab, $* Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 102, note 1 

(1864). 
Acentetus affinis, Cab.fy Heine, t c. p. 103, note 2. 
Acentetus sirki, iid. ibid, note 3. 
Acentetus le^chenaulti, iid. ibid, note 4. 
Pkoenicopkaes sirkee, ScM. Mus. Bags-Bas, Ouculi, p. 56 (1S64). 
Zanelostonius lesckenaulti, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 207, no. 8879 

(1870). 

Adult. Above pale brown, glossed with olive on the quills and 
two centre tail-feathers; remainder of the tail blackish, with broad 
white ends to the feathers ; the shafts of the feathers of the head, 
neck, mantle, and front of the chest strong, glossy, and blackish, 
forming bristles, especially on the front of the head; sides of the 
head paler, with a partial white eyebrow, with strong black bristles 
forming eyelashes; under surface of body rufous, paler on the 
throat and almost white on the chin and shaded on the sides of the 
lower throat with the colour of the upper parts; lower abdomen 
and under tail-coverts inclining to dusky brown; under wing-coverts 
rufous-buff; under surface of the quills silvery brown, with their 
inner webs narrowly washed with rufous : " bill red, yellowish at 
tip; gape black, and a dark patch on the sides of the upper mandible; 
iris brown; legs greenish slate-colour" (Davison). Total 

length 17 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 6*1, tail 9*6, tarsus 1*7. 

Nestling. Differs from the adult in having rather broad black 
shaft-stripes to the feathers of the head, throat, and chest, while 
most of the feathers of the mantle, back, and tail have rufous edges. 

After selecting six specimens in good plumage, representing all the 
races recognized by ornithologists, I find that their measurements 
entirely fail to yield a specific character. The palest specimen from 
the Punjab is of a pale ochreous-brown colour, with the two centre 
tail-feathers slightly darker and glossed with olive; one from Simla 

23 . TACCOCUA. 
383 
is darker and strongly shaded with rufous, especially on the crown. 
The specimen fully described above is also from Simla. A Saugor 
specimon is equally dark, but greyer, with no rufous or buff shade; 
one from Kanclala is very slightly darker both above and below, 
specimens from the Bhotan Dooars are very similar to the last, but 
still slightly darker beneath. A female bird from Ceylon (July) 
agrees perfectly in the shade of the tipper parts with the Kandala 
and Bhotan Dooars specimens, and is not darker on the breast than 
individuals from the Punjab, Simla, and Bhotan Dooars. I therefore 
can only recognize one species of Taceocua, admitting that it varies 
very slightly in shade of colouring, probably according to the amount 

of rainfall of the district which it inhabits. 
Hob. The same as that of the genus. 

a. 5 ad.sk 
b. Ad. sk. 
<?, d. § ad. sk. 
e. Ad. tk. 
f. 1mm. sk. 
g> <$ ad.; h,i. 

2 ad. sk. 

7c Ad. sk. 

I, m. Ad. sk. 

w, o. $ $ ad. sk. 

p,q. tf$ ad.;r. 

Juv. sk. 

*-#. 6 ? ad. sk. 

c\ $ ad. sk. 

d', e'. Ad. sk. 
f9g',h'. Ad. sk, 

i', k1, I'. S $ ad. 

sk. 
m'. Ad. sk. 
n1. Ad. sk. 
o'. $ ad. sk. 


y. S ad. sk. 
q'. $ ad. sk. 
r'-ur. $ § ad. 
»'. Pull.sk. 
w'. Ad. sk. 


»'. Ad. sk. 

«". Ad. sk. 

b",o". Ad.sk. 

df',e",f". dad.; 

0"-h". Ad. sk. 
I". $ ad. sk. 
on". Ad. sk. 
n". $ ad. sk. 
o". Ad.sk. 
p". Ad. sk. 

Sindh, Nov. 9 (So^e Doig). 
Iiutch. 
I)eesa, June (JS. A. Untie)*). 
Godra, Panch Mahals, Sept. 


N. 
Gujarat, Dec. (H. M. 
James), 
Kakrolee, Oodeypur, Feb. 


Mount Aboo. 
Erinpoorah, Oct. 
Ajmere, Nov., Jan. (A. O. H.). 
Sambkur, May, June (JR. M. 


Adam). 
Gurgaon, Nov. to March (W. 

N. Chill). 
Umbala, Feb. (Dr. Scott). 
Kotegurk, Dec, March. " 
Simla, March, April. 
Dehra Dhoon, Feb., March, 
April. 
Dehra Dhoon. 
Jerripanie, Masuri. 
Kumaon (Stracliey). 
Kumaon Bhabur, April. 
Bareilly, Oct. (W. JS. Brooks). 
Rahimabacl, Aug., Sept,, Oct. 

(G. Eeid). 
Lucknow, May 28. 
Futtehgurk, April, Oct. 
Gondah (£'. PIMOIII). 
Mogul Serai, Feb. (W. JB. 


Brooks). 

Oudh, Oct. 
Saugor, Dec, Jan. 


Burharwa, Chumparun, March. 
Allahabad. 
Chunar, June 1. 
Behar. 
Nepal Valley, Nov. 27 (J. 


Scully). 

Hume Coll. 
Flume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Flume Coll. 
India Museum. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Colonel Way [P.]. 
Flume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hodgson Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

384 CUCULIDiE. 

Hodgbon Coll. 
India Museum. 

q". Ad. sir. Nepal. 

r",s",t". Ad. Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). 

sk. 

Seebohni Coll. 

u". Ad. sk. SikMm. 
v", w", x". Ad. Bhotan Dooars, Jan., Feb. (L. Hume Coll. 


&k. Mandelli). 
y". Ad.sk. Maunbhoom. Hume Coll. 
a". $ acl. sk. Sumbalpur, Dec. 16. Hume Coll. 
AT3, 53. Ad. sk. Palamow, Feb. Hume Coll. 
c3-p\ <$ $ ad. Raipur, Dec, Jan. Hume Coll. 


sk. 
q3. $ ad.; r\ Seoni. Hume Coll. 
S pull. st. 
s3. J ad. sk. Manpur, May 28. Colonel Swinhoe 
3 PP.]


t3, u. Ad. sk. Khandeish. Feb., May (J. Hume Coll. 
Davidson). 
y\ cJ ad.; w3, Ahniednuggar, Dec, Jan. (S. Tweeddale Coll. 
a?. $ad. sk. B. Fairbcmk). 
ip, z3. (J ? ad. Khandala, April (8. B. Fair-Hume Coll. 
sk. bank). 


ft1, b\ (S ad.; South Konkan, March, April, Hume CoU. 
c4, d\ ? ad. May (G. Vidal). 
sk. 


c1. $ ad. sk. Ratnagiri, June (J. ArmHume 
Coll. 
strong). 


/ \ d1 ad. sk. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, Sept. Hume Coll. 

(Miss CocJcburn). 
g\ Ad. sk. Anjango, Travancore. Hume Coll. 
h\ S ad. sk. Kandy, Ceylon. 

R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
i4 HP-]. 
S ad. sk. Ceylon, July. 

Colonel Legge [P._. 

&\ Skeleton. Nepal. 

Hodgson CoU. 

2±. RKOPODYTES. 

Type. 

Rhopodytes, Cab, 8f Seine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 61 
(1862) . R. diardi. 
Poliococcyx, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 606 R. sumatranus. 

Range. India and Ceylon, ranging through the Burmese countries 
to Cochin China, and down the Malayan Peninsula to Java, 
Sumatra, and Borneo. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Feathers of the throat forked j bare skin on 
the sides of the head blue viridirostris, p. 885. 
b. Feathers of the throat not forked ; bare skin 
on the sides of the head red. 
a'. With no rufous on the plumage; nostrils 
rounded or oval, not elongated, and inclined 
upwards. 


a". Larger, wing over 5*5 inches. 

24 . EHOPOBYTES. 
385 

a'". "Wing' G'5 Indies; front of the crown, 
eyebrows, and throat less uniform, 
these feathers having- clear black 
shaft-stripes ;.. . tristis, p. 386. 

bn. Wing 5-8 inches; the feathers of the 
crown, eyebrows, and throat less 
„ C1 striped elongates, p. 389. 

b . Smaller, wing less than 5 inches. 
c'". Paler, less grey beneath; chin 
wThitish; lower throat and chest 
washed with brownish yellow bomeensis, p. 389. 

d"'. Darker, chin, throat, and client uniform 
leaden grey diardi, p. 390. 

b'. Centre of the breast and the under tail-
coverts deep rufous; nostriL elongated 
and inclined upwards sumatranus, p. 391. 

1. Rhopodytes viridirostris. 
Zanclostomus 
viridirostris, Jerd, Madr. Jour. xi. p. 223 (1840); 
Blyth, J A. S. Beng. xiv. p. 200 (1845); Jerd. III. Ind. Orn. 
pi. 3 (1847); Blyth, Cat B. Mas. As. Soc. p. 76 (1849); Layard, 
Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 1854, p. 453; Horsf. § Moore, Cat 

B. Mus. E.I. Co. ii. p. 690 (1856-58); Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 346 
(18(32); Holdsworth, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 432; Legge, Ibis, 1874, 
Phceiiicophaus jerdoni. 

p. 246 (1843). 
Phoenicophaus viridirostris, Kuril, Nachtr. Verz. Tog. Mus. Brem. 
p. 16 (1844). 
Mehas viridirostris, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 5 (1854). 
Rhopodytes viridirostris, Cab.fy Heine, Mas. Hein. iv. p. 63 (1862); 
Davidson §• Wenden, Str. F. vii. p. 79 (1878); Ball, t. c. p. 207; 
Hume, op. cit. viii, p. 89 (1879) • Vidal, op. eit. ix. p. 55 ; Butler, 

t. c. p. 389; Davison, op. cit. x. p. 306 (1881); Oates, ed. Hume's 
Nests § Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 399. 
Adult male. Crown and back dusky grey with a very slight 
greenish gloss; mantle, wings, upper tail-coverts, and tail glossy 
olive, the latter with, broad white ends to the feathers; the feathers 
deepening in colour on the sides of the head, becoming black on the 
eyebrow and in front of the bare orbital patch, which is pale blue; 
underparts dusky ashy, streaked on the throat with rather broad 
black shaft-stripes and narrow huffish-white edges; centre of tho 
breast washed with buff; under surface of the quills black, the 
coyerts dusky grey, the whole glossed with greenish blue: " bill 
very pale green* iris dark brown• legs and feet plumbeous" 
{Davison). Total length 15*8 inches, culmen 1-2, wing 5*2, tail 9*5, 
tarsus 1*35. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
16-5 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 5-2, tail 9*5, tarsus 1*35. 
Hah. Ceylon and Southern India. 
VOL. XIX. 2 O 

386 
OtJCULID^. 

a. Ad. sk. 
b. Ad. sk. 
c. r/. tf ad. sk. 
a,/,//, d ad.; 7*, 

s. 2 ad. sk. 
ft. Ad. sk. 
/. tf ad. sk. 
m. <$ ad. sk. 
n. tf $ ad. sk. 
o, p. d S ad. sk. 

q, r. S ad.; s. 

J 
ad. sk. 

t-w. <$ ad.; x. 

? ad. sk. 
//, g. «'. Ad. sk. 
5', c\ Ad. sk. 
<?',«',/'. Ad.sk. 
//. 5 ad. sk. 
h'-o'. Ad. et 

imm. sk. 
p1. cS ad. sk. 
q'~v'. S S ad. 

sk. 
w'-.v'. Ad. sk. 

Madras. 

Madras (Jerdon). 

Dumagudiam, S. of Godavery, 

Jan,, Feb. ( W. T. Stanford). 

Malvan, S. Ivonkan, Jan., 

March (G. Vidal). 
Belgaum (E. A. Butler). 
Slie^aroy Hills, Salem, Nov. 
Sivasamoodrum, Mysore, Aug. 

(22. G. W. 22.). 
Manautoddy, Wynaad, April 
(TV. Davison). 

Seegore, Nil^'Mris, Dec, Feb. 

(IV. Davison). 
Kullar, 
Nov., Feb. (W. Davison), 


Coonoor Ghat, April, Sept. 

(R. G. W. 22.). 
Malabar. 
Calicut. 
Anjango, Travancore. 
Ranie&waren Island, Marcli. 
Ceylon, Dec, July (S. Chart-
man 8? H. Nevill). 
Ceylon, Marcli. 
Ragain Korale, Aug., Sept. 

(Hart). 
Kandy, Ceylon {Whyte}. 

T.C.Jerdon,Esq, [P.]. 

(Type of species.) 
Gould Coll. 
Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 
Hume Cull. 
IVeeddale Coll. 


Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

Hume Coll. 

TweeddaleColl. 

Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

Colonel Legge "P.l. 
Hume Coll. 

Seebolim Coll. 

2. Miopodytes tristis. 
Melias tristis, Less. Traite Orn. 1831, p. 132; id. in Belang. Voy. 
hid. Orient Zool. 1834, p. 231, pi. i. 
Phoenicophseus longicaudatus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. x. 1841, p. 023, 

xi. 1842, p. 1095, xii. 1843, p. 240. 
Plioenicopbeeus monticolus, " Hodgs." Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. 1842, 
p. 1095. 
Phoenicophaeus montanus, Hodgs. Icon, ined. in Brit. Mus., Passeres, 
pi. 342. fig. 212 (no. 212); id. in Gray's Zool Misc. p. So (1844). 
PhoonicophoBiis tristis, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. 1842, p. 928. 
Zanclostomus tristis, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. 1843, p. 246, xiv. p. 200 

(1845) ; id. Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. 1840. p. 70; Horsf. § Moore, Cat. 

B. Mus. B.I. Co. ii. 185G, p. 001; Jerd. B. Lid.'l 1802, p. 345; 
id. Ibis, 1872, p. 15; Hume, Nests § JEt/gs hid. B. 1873, p. 143; 
Ball, Str. F 1874, p. 394; Hume, Str. F. 1874, p. 472, 1875, 
p. 83; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. § B. Burma, 1875, p. 81; Oates, Str. 
F. 1877, p. 144; David § Oust. Ois. Chine, 1877, p. 58. 
Rhopodytes tristis, Cab.ty Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 04 (1802) ; Armstrong, 
Str. F. iv. 1870, p. 312; Hume, Str. F. v. 1877, p. 27, vi. 
1878, p. 162; Ball, Str. F. vii. 1878, p. 207; Hume, Str. F. viii. 
1879, pp. 54, 89; Scully, t. c. p. 258; Bingham, Str. F. ix. 1880, 

p. 168; Oates, Str. F. x. 1881, p. 190 ; id. Handb. B. Burmah, ii., 
1883, p. 121; Salmd. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. 1887, p. 582, 1888, 
p. 569; Oates, ed. Nests § Eggs hid. B. ii. p. 397 (1890). 
Phoenicophaes tristis, Schl. Mus. P.-B. Cuculi, 1864, p. 54. 
24 . BITOPODTTES. 
Adult male. General plumage above ashy grey, globed on the 
back with olive-green and passing into bright metallic olivc-gioon 
on the wings and tail, with a shade of blue most pronounced on 
the quills; tail-feathers broadly tipped with white; most of tlio 
feathers of the crown with black shafts and those of the forehead 
with partial white edges; sides of the head bare and scarlet; in 
front of this bare skin a patch of black featheis, above and below 
edged with black and whito, or with entirely white feathers; 
unclerparts ashy grey, paler towards the chin, and with black 
shafts to the feathers of the throat; the breast gradually passing 
into dusky slate-colour on the abdomen, thighs, and under tail-
coverts, the latter generally glosbed with green; under wing-
coverts dusky ash-colour; under surface of quills uniform glosby 
blackish blue: " bill pale green, tinted with red from nostrils to 
gape; iris deep red-brown; legs and feet dark greenish leadcolour 
" (Davison). Total length 19 inches, culmen 1*3, wing 6*2, 
tail 12*6, tarsus 1*55. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 21 
inches, culmen 1*4. wing 6*7, tail 13, tarsus 1*55. 

Hah. Central and Northern India, extending throughout the 
Burmese provinces to Cochin China and Hainan, and down the 
Malayan Peninsula. 

a. Ad. sk. Kaladoongi, Dhoon, Jan. Hume Coll. 
b. (51 ad. sk. Kamnuggur, Kumaon Bhabur, Hume Coll. 
Feb. 27. 
c. d. Ad. sk. Kumaon (Strachey). India Museum. 
e. Ad. sk. Oudh Terai. 
Pinwill Coll. 
/-{. 
Ad. sk. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
(Types of P. montanas.) 

h. Ad. sk. Nepal (B. H. Hodgson). India Museum. 
1} m. 5 ad. sk. Godaveri, Nepal Valley, May, Seebolim Coll. 
Aug. (J. Scully), 

n. 
Ad. sk. Native Sikhim, June (L. Man- Hume Coll. 
delli). 
o-w, Ad. sk. Sikhim, Feb., April, Aug., Oct., Hume Coll. 
Nov. (L. Mandelli). 

x-V. Ad. sk. DarjeeHng. 
Hume Coll, 

c',d'. Ad.sk. BuxaDoars, Feb. (L. Mandelli). Hume Coll. 

e'\ Ad. sk. Bhotan Doars, Jan. (L. Man- Hume Coll. 

delli). 
f-i'. S ad.; ti. Sliillong, July, Aug., Sept. (J. Hume Coll. 
J juv. sk. Cochbum). 
1', m', n\ S ad. Dollah, April, May, June (J. Hume Coll. 
sk. Cochbum). 
o', p'. <$ ad. sk. Sadhya, April, June (J. Cock- Hume Coll. 
bum), 
q'. S ad.; r', s'. Dibrughur, April, Aug. (J. B. Hume Coll. 

J ad. sk. Cripps). 

t', u', v'. Ad. sk. Assam (McClelland), India Museum. 

w', x'. Ad. sk. Garo Hills. 
Tweeddale OolL 

y'. <$ ad. sk. N. Kkasia Hills, Jan. (A. 
W. Tweeddale ColL 

ChennelT). 
z', a". S ad. sk. Cachar, Feb. (J. Inglis). Forbes Coll. 
2c2 


388 OtrCULIDiE. 

b". tf ad. sk, Phalel, Manipur, April {A. 0. Hume Coll. 
II.). 


Hume Coll. 

e". Ad. sk. Coinmillah, Tipperali. 

Hume Coll. 

d", e'\ f. A ad. Aracan Hills, Pegu, Jan., Feb. 
sk. (B. TV. Oates). 
g", h". tf ad.; Pegu, Sept., Dec, March (K 


Hume Coll 
i", ¥'. ? ad. W. Oates). 
sk. 
l"-p". <S 9. ad. Kangoon, June, July, Dec. (JR.Tweeddale Coll. 
Sk. G\TV.R.). 
g". $ ad. sk. China Ba-Keer, Dec. 20 (J. Hume Coll. 
Armstrong). 
r"-x". $ 9. ad. Tonghoo, April, May, June (J?. Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. G. W. R.). 
y". $ ad. sk. Karen-nee, March 26 (R. G. Tweeddale Coll. 


W. R.). 
z", cvK Ad. sk. Kollidoo, Feb. (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
P-e\ 6 ad. j/ 3 ~ Pahpoon, Dec, Jan. (TV. Davi-Hume Coll. 
^3. $ a(^ s^« son)t 
Hume Coll. 


k\ $ ad. sk. Yoim-za-leen, Dec. ( W. Davison). 


Hume Coll. 

P. Ad. sk. Theinzeik, Dec. ( TV. Davison). 
Hume Coll. 

m?-qz. d ad.; Kaukaryit, May, June, Aug. 
r'6. 2 ad. sk. (J- Darling). 
s\ S ad. sk. Thoungyah, Sept. 27 {J. DarlHume 
Coll. 
ing). " 
t3. $ ad. sk. Meplay, Thoimgyeen, Oct. 12 Hume Coll. 

(C. T. Bingham). 

u. J ad. sk. Myawacldy, Thoimgyeen, Dec. Major Bingham [P.]. 
v*. J ad. sk. Thatone, Aug. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
w*. Ad. sk. Nedong, Attaran Elver, Dec. Hume Coll. 
(TV. Davisoti). 
y3. 6 2 ad. Moulmein, March, Nov. (W. Hume Coll. 

Davison). 
zz. Ad. sk. Moulmein, Oct. (R. C. Beavan). Tweeddale Coll. 
aK (S ad. sk. Assoon, March (J. Limborg). Tweeddale Coll 
bK c? ad. sk. Pabyouk, March (TV. Davison), Hume Coll. 
a\ d4. 3 2 acl. Yeaboo, March (W.Davison). Hume Coll. 

sk. 
el-pl. <$ $ acl. Amherst, Dec, Jan., Feb., June, Hume Coll. 


sk. July (W. Davison). 
q\ rK <$ ad. sk. Karope, March (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
*S tf1. 6 2 ad. Meeta-Myo, April (TV. Davi-Hume Coll. 


sk. son). 
uK S ad. sk. Tavoy, March (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
v\wK <$2 ad. Tavoy, April (W.Davison). Hume Coll. 


sk. 
x\ 2 ad. sk. Mergui, Dec (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
y\ %\ <$ ad. sk. Tenasserim Town, Nov. (W. Hume Coll. 


Davison). 
a5. Ad. sk. Meklong, Siam. H. C. V. Hunter, 
Esq. [P.]. 
W, c\ Ad. sk. Cambodia (Mouhot). Tweeddale Coll 

d5 

5. S ad. sk. Cochin China. Seebohm Coll. 
e. Juv. sk. Cochin China, Aug. M. Pierre [P.]. 
f. 2 ad. sk. Hainan, Feb. (R. Szoinhoe). Seebohm Coll. 
g\ h\ Skeletons. Nepal. Hodgson Coll. 
24. KH0P0DYTES, 
389 

3. Ehopodytes elongatas. 
Zanclostomus elongatus, Gray, Gen. B. iii. 1849, App. p. 23. 
Zanclostomus tristis, Bp. (nee Less.) Consp. i. 1850, p. 99, part.: Set. 

P. Z. S. 1863, p. 208. 
Melias elougatus, Bp. Consp. Vol Zygod. 1854, p. 5. 
Rhopodytes elongatus; Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 63 (18G2i ; 
Salvad. Uce. Borneo. 1874, p. 70; Biitiikofer, Notes Leyden Mus, 
1886, p. 30. J 
Phoenicophaes elongatus, Schl. Mus. P.-B. Cuculi, 1864, p. 55. 
Adult male. Crown and back of the neck leaden grey, with 
narrow black elongated shaft-stripes, passing on the back into slaty 
grey slightly glossed with green; wings and tail bright glossy 
green, slightly bluer on the quills• tail-feathers with broad white 
ends ; a bare ophthalmic patch rugose and of a red colour, surrounded 
above and below by white feathers and in front by black 
ones; chin white, passing into ashy on the throat and chest, which 
latter inclines to buff down the centre* lower breast and sides of 
the body slaty grey, darkest towards the abdomen and thighs, and 
shaded with glossy green on the under tail-coverts; under surface 
of the wings blue-black. Total length 22 inches, culmen 1*3, 
wing 5*7, tail 16, tarsus 1*35. 
Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
19*7 inches, culmen 1*3, wing 5*7, tail 14, tarsus 1-35. 
Yery similar to B. tristis, but differing in having a less amount 
of stripes on the forehead, crown, and throat, and a stronger wash 
of yellow on the lower throat and chest. 

Bab. Sumatra. 
a. $ ad. st.; b. Ad. sk. Sumatra. Purchased. 
c-h Ad. sk. Sumatra (Carl Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
/. Skeleton. Sumatra. Purchased. 

4. Rhopodytes bomeeusis, 
Melias borneensis, Bp. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 5 (1854). 
Rhopodytes bomeensis, Sharps, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 604; Salvad. Uce. 
Borneo, p. 72 (1874); Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 792; Blasius, 

J. f. O. 1882, p. 246 ; Everett, Joum, Straits Branch R. Asiat Soc. 
I860, p. 174. 
Adult male. Yery similar to R. elongatus, but much smaller, and 
differing in the white eyebrow being extremely narrow and not 
reaching forward to the forehead; lower throat, centre of breast, 
and abdomen brownish buff. Total length 13*4 inches, culmen 1-2, 
wing 5, tail 8*2, tarsus 1*3. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
12*7 inches, culmen 1*15, wing 4*8, tail 7*0, tarsus 1*2. 
Hab. Borneo. 

a. Ad. sk. Borneo. Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Lawas River, Borneo. H. Veitch, Esq. [P.J. 
c. Ad. sk. Sarawak, Borneo (H. Everett). Seebohru Coll. 
390 
GVCTJLIDM. 

5. Eliopodytes diardi. 
Melias 
diardi, Leas. Traite, p. 132 (1831); Puclier. Pev. et Mag. 
Zool 1853, p. 6o. 
Pkcenicophaus tristis (nee Less.), McClell P. Z. S. 1839, p. 166; 
Blyth,J. A. S. Beng. si. p. 928, xii. p. 246 (1843). 
Phoenicophaus simiatranns (nee Raffl.), Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xii. 

p. 246 (1843); Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 53 (pt.; 1864) : 
Snelkman in VetVs Midden-Sumatra, Tog. p. 34 (1884). 
Phoenicophaus diardi, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. x\. p. 199 (1845); Scltl. 
Mus. Pags-Bas, Cuculi, p. 54 (1864). 
Zanclostoinus diardi, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 460 (1845), iii. App. p. 23 
(1849); Bes Mws. leonor/r. Orn. pi. 19 (1849); Blgth, Cat. B. 
Mus. As. Soe. p. 76 (1849) ; Horsf. Sr Moo/e, Cat. B. Mus. E.L 
Co. ii. p. 600 (1856-58); Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 458; BJijth § 
Wald. Cat. Mamm. $ B. Burma, p. 81 (1875). 

Plioenicophgeus nig riven tris, Peale, U.8. Expl. Exped. pp. 140, 141, 

pi. 39. fig. 1 (1848). 
Zanclostonrus sivmatianus, juv. (nee Baffl), Bp. Consp. i. p. 99 (1850). 
Phoenicophaus nigriventris, Earth Arch. f. Nat. xViii. p. 107 

(1852). 

Khopodytes 
diardi, Cab. §• Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 61 (1862); 
Sharpe, P. Z. S.1873, p. 604,fig. 9 (head); Hume, Str. F. iii. p. 319 
(1875); Tweedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 287; Mime, 8tr. F. vi. p. 163, 

viii. pp. 54; 89; Salrad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xrr. p. 180 (1879) ; 
Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, p. 53; Gates, Ilandb. B. Brit. Burmah, ii. 
p. 122 (1883); Bilttik. Notes Leyden 3Ius. 1880, p. 31; Everett, 
Journ. Straits Branch P. Asiat. 8oc. 1889, p. 174. 
Adult male. General colour of the upper parts dark olive-shaded 
grey, the feathers of the head and neck with black shafts with hairlike 
ends; wings and tail glossy blackish olive, slightly shaded 
with blue, the latter with white ends to the feathers; throat ashy 
grey, with narrow black shafts to the feathers, gradually darkening 
into dusky black on the lower breast, flanks, abdomen, thighs, and 
under tail-coverts ; under wing-coverts dusky ; quills uniform glossy 
blue-black; bare ophthalmic patch rugose and crimson, with a 
patch of short black feathers close to the nostril: " bill pale green; 
iris dark brown; legs dark plumbeous green 5? (Davison). Total 
length 14 inches, oilmen 1*3. wing 5, tail 8*2, tarsus 1*3. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
14'3 inches, culmen 1*4, wing 5, tail 9, tarsus 1*4. 
Hah. Prom Southern Tenasserim, down the Malayan Peninsula 

to Sumatra. 
a* $ ad. sk.
b. S ad. sk. 
Usheetlierrpone, TenasserimKiver, Nov. ( W. Davison). 
Hankackin, Feb. (W. DaviHume 
Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
son). 
c-g> d ? ad.sk. Bankasoon, ^ March to June Hume Coll. 
h,L tfad.;&, $
(W. Davison). 
Malewoon, Dec, Jan. (W. Hume Coll. 
ad. sk. Davison). 
I c? ad. sk.
m. Ad. sk, 
Kossouin, May (J. Darling). 
Perak, March {Kelham). ' 
Hume Coll. 
Forbes Coll. 

24 . RHOPODYTTCS. 391 
\-u. S ad.; v-y. Klang, Jan.-Marcli, July Hume Coll. 
5 ad. sk. 
. Ad. sk. 
'-i'. Ad. sk. 
(W. Davison). 
Malacca (Dr. Cantor).
Malacca, July, Aug.
Davison). 
(W. 
India Museum. 
Hume Coll. 
/, I', m'. $ ad.; Malacca, Aug. (P. G. W. JR.). Tweeddale Coll. 
n'. $ ad. sk. 
' 9p'9q'. 6 ad.; 
r'. $ ad. sk. 
'. Ad. sk. 
', u'. d ad.; 2/. 
$ ad. sk. 
Pulo Seban, Oct., Nov. (W. 
Daviso7i).
Okohong, Nov. (W.Davison). 
Kurroo, Nov. (W. Davison). 
Hume Coll 
Hume Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
>'-c".
sk. 
c5? ad. Nealys, Oct. ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
'". Ad. sk. Singapore Island. Hume Coll. 
"-/'• 6 2 ad. 
et ]uv. sk. 
", r", s". Ad. 
sk. 
Sumatra, Sept., Oct. (A. JR. 
Wallace $ C. Bock). 
Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (E. 
C. Buxton). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll 

6. Bbopodytes sumatranus. 
Cuculus 
sumatranus, Baffi. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 287 (1822) : 
StricJd. J. A. S. Beng. xiii. p. 391, note (1844), 
Phcenicophaus sumatranus, Fig. Mem. Baffl. p. 671 (1830): Bluth, 

J. A. S. Beng. xiv. p. 199 (1845). ' 
Plicenicopkaus crawfurdii, J. E.' Gray. Zool. Misc. i. p. 3, pi. 3 
(1831) ; Eyton, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 105. 
Zauclostomus crawfurdii, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 4C0 (1845). 
Zanclostomus sumatranus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 460 (1845) j Blyth, 

Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 76 (1849); Horsf. $• Moore, Cat. B. Mus. 

E.L Co. ii. p. 689 (1856-58) j Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 458; 8cl 
P.Z.8. 1863, p. 208; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 207, no. 8884 
(1870); Br'ugg. Abhandl not. Ver. Bremen, i. p. 455 (1877), 
v. p. 455 (1882). 
Melias sumatranus, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 5 (1854). 
IUiopodytes sumatranus, Cab.fy Seine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 62 (1862); 
Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 73 "(1874); 8harpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 245; 
Hume, 8tr. F. viii. pp. 54,89 (1879) ; Kelham, Ibis, 1881, p. 393 ; 
Blasius, J.f.O. 1882, p. 246; A. Mull t. c. p. 409; Blasius, Yerli. 
zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxii. p. 23 (1883) ; Everett, Journ. Straits 
Branch It Asiat, Soc. 1889, p. 174. 

Cuculus crista tus, "Zicht. MS," Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 62 
(1862). 

Poliococcyx sumatranus, Sharpe, P. Z. S.1873, p. 606, fig. 14 (head), 
1875, p. 104; Hume, Str. F. iii. p. 319 (1875); Gates, Handb. B. 
Brit Burmah, ii. p. 123 (1883); Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p. 18. 

Adult. General plumage above slaty grey; crown and back of 
neck with black bair-like shafts to the feathers, and with a slight 
gloss of green which increases in brilliancy on the back, wings, and 
tail, the quills and outer tail-feathers inclining to bluish black; all 
the tail-feathers with moderately broad white ends; ophthalmic 
bare patch rugose and orange-red, separated from the cnlmen by 
a narrow band of short black feathers; throat slaty grey, slightly 

CTTCULID2E. 

paler than the crown and with the same black hair-like shafts to 
the feathers, and slightly glossed with green towards the chest; 
sides of the body and the thighs darker and more strongly glossed 
with green; centre of chest, abdomen, and under tail-coverts deep 
rufous; under surface of wings glossy blue-black, slightly greyer 
and greener on the coverts : " bill dull greener; legs slaty; claws 
black; iris bluish grey1' (Davison). Total length 14-8 inches, 
oilmen 14, wing 5*3, tail 8'4, tarsus 14. 


Hab. Southern Tenasserim, down the Malayan Peninsula to Java, 
Sumatra, and Borneo. 

a-k. $ ad.; Z-o. Mergui, June, July, Nov., Dee. Hume Coll. 
jad.sk. (W.Davison). 


p. tf ad. sk. Baukasoon, June (W. Davison), Hume Coll. 
q. 5 ad. sk. Malewoon,April (W.Davison). Hume Coll. 
r. Ad. sk. Kopah, Dec. ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
s-d'. S ? ad. et Kossoum, April to June (J. Hume Coll. 
irnm. sk. Darling), 
e'-h'. <J gad.sk. Klang, Salangore, Feb, April Hume Coll. 


( W. Davison), 
i', h\ Ad. sk. Malacca {Dr. Maingay). Tweeddale Coll. 
i. Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Cantor), India Museum. 
m'-p'. Ad. sk. Malacca, July, Aug. (W. DaviHume 
Coll. 
son). 
q\ $ ad. sk. Pulo Seban, Nov. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
r't s'. tf ad. sk. Kuroo, Nov. (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
t\u\ (S gad.sk. Nealys, Oct. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
v'~z'. $ ad.; a"- Johore, March, July, Aug. ( IF. Hume Coll. 


d". $ ad. sk. Davison), 
e". Ad. sk. Singapore (A. R. Wallace), Gould Coll. 
f". Ad. sk. Singapore Island, Dec. (TV. Hume Coll. 


Daviso?i). 
g"-h". <$ ? ad. Sumatra (A. R Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
sk. 
l"} m"f n". Ad. Billiton. Tweeddale Coll. 


sk. 
o",p". Ad. sk. Sarawak. Rajah Brooke [P.]. 
q". J ad. sk. Santuboug, Sarawak, April Saivin-Godman Coll. 

(A. Everett), 
r". Ad. sk. Lumhidan (Sir Hugh Lmo). Seebohm Coll. 
s", t". Ad. sk. Labuan (Sir Hugh Loxo). R. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
[P.]. 

25. EHnrOETHA. 
Rhmortka, Yig. Mem. Raffl. p. 671 (1880; R. chlorophsea. 
Bubutus, Less. Traite, p. 143 (1831) R. chlorophsea. 
Anadssnus, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 324 (1837) R. chlorophfea. 
Idiococcyx, Boie, fide Gray, List Gen. § Subgen. B. 

no. 1625 (1855) R, chlorophaea. 

Range. Southern Tenasserim, through the Malayan Peninsula to 
Sumatra and Borneo, 

25 . TtHISrORTIU. 
393 

1. Rhinortha chlorophsea. 
Ouculus chloroplisens, Raffl. Tr. Linn. Soe. xiii. p. 288 (1822). 
Anadaenus rufescens, Swains. An. in Menag. p. 346 (1828); id. 

Class. B. ii. p. 324 (1837). 
Phcenicophaeus canieeps, Vic/. App. Mem. Eaffl. p. G71 (]830). 
Ithinortha chloropha>a, Vig. App. Mem. Eaffl. p. 071 (1830); 

Blyth, J, A. S. Beng. xi. p. 924 (1842), xii. p. 240 (1843), xiv. 
p. 199 (1845), xvi. p. 4G8 (1847); id. Cat. B. Mm. As. Soe. 
p. 76 (1849); Horsf. <$• Moore, Cat. B. Mus. KB Co. ii. p. 692 
(1856-58); Moore, P.Z.S. 1859, p. 458; Cab. § Heine, Mus. 
Ilein. iv. p. 58 (1862); Scl. P. Z. S. 1863, p. 208; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 
1873, p. 603; Salvad. Ucc. Borneo, p. 69 (1874); Hume, Str. 

F. ii. p. 473 (1874) ; Bh/th 8? Wold. Cat Mamm. £ B. Burma!*, 
p. 82 (1875) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 104; id. Ibis, 1876, p. 34; 
Tioeedd. Ibis, 1877, p. 287; Hume § Davison, Str. F. vi. p. 166 
(1878) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 245 ; Hume, Str. F. viii. pp. 54, 89 
(1879); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xiv. p. 186 (1879); Eelham, 
Ibis, 1881, p. 394; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 792; Blasius, J.f.O. 
1882; p. 245; A. Mill!, t. c. p. 409; Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, p. 54; 
Brugg. Abhandl. nat. Ver. Bremen, v. p. 454 (1882); Oates, 
Handb. B. Brit. Burmah, ii. p. 120 (1883); Nicholson, Ibis, 1883, 
pp. 87, 242; Blasius, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxii. p. 32 
(1883); Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 406; Biittikofer, Notes 
Leyden Mus. 1886, p. 22; Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, p; 13. 
Bubuttis duvaucelii, Less. TraiU, p. 143 (1831); id. in Belang. Voy. 
Lid. Orient, Zool p. 235 (1834). 
Bubutus isidori, Less. TraiU, p. 143 (1831); id. in Belang. Voy. Ind. 

Orient, Zoo!, p. 234, pi. ii. (1834). 
Coccyzus badius, Gray, Zool. Misc. 1831, p. 3. 
Phcenieopbaiis chlorocephalus, Vig. P. Z. S. 1839, p. 105. 
PL.oenicoph.aus viridirostris, Vig. P. Z. S. 1839, p. 105. 
Idiococcyx chlorophaeus, S. Mull. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Zand-en Vol


henh. p. 234 (1839-44). 

Phoenicophaes chlorophseus, S. Midi. t. e. p. 234; note; Schl. Mus. 
Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 51 (1864),* Snellema?i in Vethh Midden-
Sumatra, Vog. p. 34 (1884). 

Ehinortha rufescens, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng, xi. p. 923 (1842), xii. 

p. 246 (1843). 
Plioenicopliaus lucidus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xiii. p. 390 (1844). 
Rhinortka lucida, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xiv. p. 199 (1845). 
Anadsemis rufus, "Swains," Blyth,'Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 77 
(1849). 
Olenitis sumatranus, " Cuv. MS." (nee Maffl.), Cab. Sf Heine, Mus. 
Hein. iv. p. 59 (1862). 
Hhinortha fasciolata, " Beiehb. $ in Mus. Dmd." Cab. fy Heine, 

t. c. p. 60. 
Anadoenus ruficauda, 
Peale, U.S. Evpl. Exp. p. 142, pi. 39. fig. 2; 
Hartl Wiegm. Arch. Nat. xviii. p. 108 (1852). 

Adult male. Upper half of the head and back of the neck chestnut 
; mantle and wings darker, the quills with hrownish-black 
ends; lower back, upper tail-coverts, and tail dusky black, with 
numerous narrow paler bars ; tail-feathers with rather broad white 
ends ; a narrow black eyebrow; bare skin round the eye smooth 
and of a bluish-green colour; throat and front of the chest deep 

394 
CTTOtTETDJE. 

rufous-buff, brighter than the crown, passing into dusky brownish 
black on the remainder of the body and under tail-coverts ; under 
surface of tho wings similar to the upperside: " bill apple-green ; 
legs dark plumbeous, claws black " (Davison). Total length 12-5 
inches, culmen 1 '2, wing 4*5, tail 7, tarsus 1. 

Adult female. Upper half of the head and back of the neck pearl-
grey; back, wings, and tail chestnut; the quills with brownish-
black ends ; tail-feathers with white ends and broad subterminal 
black bars; throat and front of the chest greyish white, passing 
into rufous-buff shaded with chestnut, and then into dusky rufous on 
the abdomen and under tail-coverts : under surface of the wing 
similar to above : " bill apple-green, skin round the eye bluish 
green; legs dark slate ; iris brown" (Wardlaiv Ramsay). 

I have followed Mr. Davison in his determination of the sexes, 
as I believe the sexes indicated on some of the labels of other 
collectors to be incorrect. 

Hob. The same as that of the genus. 

a. 
<$ ad. sk Lernyne, Tenasserim, March 28 Hume Coll. 
(TV. Davison). 
b. g ad. sk. Tavoy, April 16 ( TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
o. tf ad. sk. Thayetckoung, June 5 ( TV. DaviHume 
Coil. 
son).

d. 2 ad. sk. 
Hume Coll. 
Tena&serim Town, Nov. 20 (TV. 
Davison).

e,f. <$ ad. sk. Palaw-ton-ton, Dee. 20 ( TV. DaviHume 
Coll. 
son). 
g-n. S 2 ad. sk. Bankasoon, Feb., April, May, Hume Coll. 

June (TV. Davison). 
o, p. S ad. sk. Malewoon, Jan. Oates Coll. 
q, r. S 2 ad. sk. Penang (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
s, t, u. $ ad. pk. Ponang. Hume Cell. 

v. 
$ ad. sk. "\Yelle4ey Province, Dec. (F. Sto-Hume Coll. 
liczka)". 
w-c'. <$ ad.; d'~ Klang, Jan. to Apiil, July (TV. Hume Coll. 
on'. $ ad. sk. Davison). 
n'-s'. S ad.; t'-Malacca, August. Tweeddale Coll. 
w'. J ad. sk. 
v'-q". <? $ ad. Malacca, July to Sept., Jan. ( TV, Hume Coll 
sk. Davison). 
r"-u". <$ ad.; ?;". Pulo Seban, Oct. (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
2 ad. sk. 
w". $ &&. ; $", y".Choliong, Oct. (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
2 acl. sk. 
Kurroo, Nov. (TV. Davison). Ilunie Coll. 
ad. sk. 
6'V-c?ad.;A3-Nealys (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
l\ ? ad. sk. 
m*, ri\ ^ad.; o*. Johore, Aug. (TV. Davison). Hume Coll. 
2ad.sk. 
P\ q\ 6 2 ad. ; Singapore. Seebohm Coll. 
r\ Juv. sk. 
& /A 6 2 ad. et Sumatra, Sept., Oct, (C.JBoek cy Tweeddale Coll. 
imm. sk, A. R. Wallace). 

2(5. PEKENICOPHAES. 89 5 
cl-e4. $ ad.sk. Lampong, S.E. Sumatra (F.
Buxton), 
C. Tweeddale Coll. 
f,gK Ad. sk.
hl , %K S ? ad. sk. 
Borneo. 
Labuan (Sir Huqh Low). 
EajahBrookeColl. 
11. B. Sharpe, Esq. 
kl , IK tfad.; m1 ,
nK J ad. sk. 
oK <$ ad.; y , j 1 .
$ ad. sk. 
Lumbidan (H. Low). 
Sarawak (H. Everett).
[P.]. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seeboom Coll. 
rK $ ad. sk. Marup, Sarawak (If. Everett). Seebohm Coll. 
s\ t\uK Ad. sk. Banjarmassing (J. Motley). Tweeddale Coll. 

26. PHflENICOPHABS. 
Type. 
Phcenicophaus, Vieill. Analyse, pp. 27, 70 (1816). P. pyrrhoceplialus. 
Melias, Gloger in Froriep's Notizen, svi. p. 278 

(1827) P, pyrrhoceplialus. 
Alectorops, J. # B. Verr. Mev. et Mag. Zool 1855, 

p. S66 P. pyrrhocephalus. 
Range. Confined to Ceylon. 
1. Phcenicophaes pyrrhocephalus. 
Cuculus pyrrhoceplialus, Forst. Ind. Zool. p. 16, pi. 6 (1781); Gm. 
Si/st. Nat. i. p. 417 (1788); Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 222 (1790); 
Wold. Ibis, I860, p. 387. 

Le Malkoka, Levaill. Ois. Afr. v. p. 90, pi. 224 (1806); Sundev. 
Krit. Framst. Levaill. p. 49 (1857). 

Phoenicophseus pyrrhocephalus, 
JSteph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 59 (1815) ; 
Vieill. N. Diet xviii. p. 401 (1810); id. Fnc. Meth. p. 1340 (1823); 
id. Gal Ois. pi. 37 (1825) ; Blijth, J. A. S. Bene/, xi. p. 927 (1842), 
xi\. p. 199 (1845); Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As.' >$oc. p.75 (1849); 
Lat/ard, Ann. § Mag. Nat. Hist. 1854, xiii. p. 453 ; Cab. $• Heme, 
Mus. Hem. iv. p. 08 (1802); Schl. Mus. Fays-Bas, Cuculi,p. 53 
(1864); Gray, HandA. B. ii. p. 205, no. 8865 (1870); Iloldswortli, 

P. Z. S.1872, p. 433; Wald. Trans. Z. S. viii. p. 52, fig. 8, head 
(1872) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 605, fig. 11; Hume, op. cit. viii. 
p. 89 (1879); Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 255, pi. 12 (1880); Barker, 
His, 188G, p. 184. 
Phcenicoplmeus leudogaster, Stepk Gen> Zool. ix. p. 60 (1815); 
Vieill. N. Diet, xviii. p. 461 (1816). 
Melias pyrrhocephalus, Less. Traite, p. 131 (1831). 
Pheenicophaus ceylonensis, Licht. in Mus. Berol.; Cab. <§r Heine, Mus. 

Ilein. iv. p. 68 (1862). 

Adult male. Forehead and entire sides of head red, denuded of 
true feathers, but rugose especially over the eye and towards the 
bill; crown and back and sides of neck black streaked with white 
terminal edges to the feathers, which are of peculiar form, as they 
end in a fork, the end portion of their shafts being hair-like and 
denuded of webs; back, wings, and tail deep glossy green, partially 
shaded with violet-blue on the quills; tail-feathers with broad 
white ends; chin, lores, and cheeks white, with black shaft-stripes 

390 
CUCTJLIDJE. 

to the feathers; throat black, the feathers on the lower portion 
with narrow white terminal edges; all the feathers of the head 
and neck of the same peculiar form; breast and under tail-coverts 
white, with the flanks and thighs mottled with dusky black; under 
surface of the wings glossy blue-black : " iris brown ; bill apple-
green, paler at the tip, and the lower mandible lighter than the 
upper; legs and feet bluish slate; clawTs brownish horn ?1 (W. V. 
Leyge). Total length 18*2 inches, culmen 1-5, wing o*8, tail 11*2, 
tarsus 1-4. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male: '"iris white'' 

(W. V. tegge). Total length 17*5 inches, culmen 1*45, wing 5'7, 
tail 11-7, tarsus T4. 
Hah. Ceylon. 
a. Ad. sk.
b, c, d. Ad. etinirn, sk. 
Ceylon. 
Ceylon, Jan., Aug. (Legge). 
Purchased. 
Seehohm Coll. 
e-q. cS ? ad. sk.
r, s. S ad. sk. 
Itatnapura, Jan. to March (H.
Neiill fy 8. Chapman). 
Itatnapura, Dec. {Hart). 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Hume Coll. 
t. S ad. sk. Balongoma, April (8. ChapTweeddale 
Coll. 
u, i\ $ a$. gk.
man), 
Dambookke, July (8. ChapTweeddale 
Coll. 
w. 5 ad. sk.
on an), 
Friars Wood Forests, Ceylon, Hume Coll. 
r, y, (S $ ad. sk.
Oct. (IT. V.Legge), " 
Baddegama, Oevlon, Dec.
(W. V. Legge). 
Seebohm Coll. 

27. KHAMPHGCOOCYX. 
Type. 
Rhamphococcyx, Cab. <$• Seine, Mus. Hem. iv. 

p. 65 (1862) R. calorhynchus. 
Range. Confined to Celebes. 
1. KhampliQCOccyx calorkynciius. 
Phoanicophaus calorhynchus, 
Temm. PL Col. pi. 349 (1825); Less. 
Man, Orn. ii. p. 128 (1828); 8. Milll. Verh. Nat. Ges. Zand-en 
Volk p. 234, note (1839-44); 8chl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, 

p. 48 (1864); Finseh, Neu-Guin. p. 159 (1865); 'Wallace, Malay 
Archip. ii. p. 340 (1869); Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 205, no. 88C6 
(1870); Wald. Trans. Z. 8. yiii. pp. 52,53, fig. 5 (1874) ; lenz, 
J.f. 0. 1877. p. 371; Meyer, Ibis, 1879, p. 67; Briigg. AbhandL 
naf. Ver. Brem. v. p. 57 (1882); Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885, 
p. 549. 
Melias calorhynchus, Less, Traite, p. 132 (1831). 
Zanclostomus calorhynchus, BIyth, J. A. S. Beng, xi. p. 1098 
(1842). 
Phoenicophaus melanogaster (nee Vieill.), Blytft, J. A. S. Beng. xiv. 

p. 199 (1845); id. Cat. B. Mm. As, 8oc. p. 75 (1849). 
Phoenicophaus callirliynchus, Bp, Consp, i. p. 98 (1850) ; id. Consp. 
Vol Zygod. p. 5 (1854); J, $ E. Terr. Bev. et Mag. Zool, 1855, 

p. 356. 
28 . KHINOCOCCYX. 
397 

Rhamplioeoccyx calorhynchus, Cab.tyHeme, Mm. Ilein. iv. p. 65 
(1862); Sharpe,P. Z. S. 1873, p. 003,%. 12 (head) j Salvad. Ann. 
Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 049 (1873); Cab. $ Beichen. J. f. 0. 1876, 

p. 324; Salvad. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 324; id. Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 392 
(1880); Blasius, Zeitsclir. ges. Orn. ii. p. 202 (1885). 
Adult male. Porehead and crown leaden grey, as well as a 
smooth bare patcli on the side of the head; neck and mantle rich 
chestnut; lower hack slaty black; remainder of the wings, upper 
tail-coverts, and tail blue-black, with a strong violet gloss; throat 
and front half of the chest chestnut; remainder of the body and the 
under wing-coverts slaty black ; under surface of the quills violet-
black ; upper mandible with a broad subterminal portion black ; 
a triangular basal portion at the gape including the nostrils red, 
like the whole of the lower mandible; legs and claws black. Total 
length 21*1 inches, culmen 1-8, wing 6-8, tail 13, tarsus 1*5. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 19*1 
inches, culmen 1*85, wing 6-9, tail 12, tarsus 1*6. 

Hah. Celebes. 
a, Ad. sk. Celebes. Purchased. 
b-h. Ad. sk. Celebes. Seebohm Coll. 
i, h, 1. <$ ad. sk. Menado, N. Celebes. Wallace Coll. 
m-q. Ad. sk. 
r, s, t. (S ad. sk 
u. Skeleton. 
Menado. 
Macassar. 
Menado. 
Hume Coll. 
Wallace Coll. 
Purchased. 

28. RHDT0C0CCYX. 
Type. 
PJiinoeoecyx, Sharpe, P. Z. S.1873, p. 604; fig. 10 . , E, curvirostris. 

Range. Confined to the island of Java. 

1. EHnococcyx curvirostris. 
Cuculus curvirostris, Shaw § Nodder, Nat. Misc. pi. 905. 0&*^ 
Malcoha rouverdin, Levaill. Ois. Afr. v. p. 92, pi. 225 (1806); 
Swidev. Krit. Framst. Levaill p. 49 (1857). 
Phcenicopkasns tricolor, Steph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 61, pi. 14 (1815); 
Eyton, P. Z. S. 1839, p; 105. 

Phoenicophaus viridis, Vieill N. Diet, xviii. p. 462 (1818); id. Enc. 
Metli. p. 1340 (1823); Less. Man. Orn. ii. p. 127 (1828); Swains. 
Class. B. ii. p. 324, fig. 286 c (1837); Hartl Verz. Mus. Bremen, 
1844, p. 95. 

Phoenicophaus nielanognathus, Korsf Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 178 
(1822) j Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 216 (1826); rig. Mem. Raffi. 

p. 070 (1830); Strickl J. A. S. Beng. xiii. p. 391, note (1844); 
Bhtth, op. cit. xiv. p. 199 (1845); Korsf. # Moore, Cat. B. Mus. 
E.I. Co. ii. p. 688 (1856-58). 
Phoenicophaus viridirufus, S. Mull. Verh. Nat. Ges. Land-en Volk. 
p. 234, note (1839-44); Bp. Consp. i. p. 98 (1850); id. Consp. Vol 
Zygod. p. 5 (1854) ; J. 8f E. Verr. Rev. etMag. Zool. 1855, p. 357. 
Phoenicophaus curvirostris, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 459 (1845); Blyth, 
Cat B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 75 (1849); Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 458. 
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris, 
Cab. §• Seine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 66 
(1862). 

r3y» CFCTTLIB2E. 

Pdrinoeoccyx curvirostris, 8harj)e, P. Z. S. 1S73; p. 604; Nicholson, 
Ibis, 1881, p. 140. 

Adult Feathers of the upper half of the head leaden grey, 
partially glossed with green and with elongated black hair-like 
shafts; back, wings, and basal two-thirds of tail brilliant deep 
glossy green, shaded with violet and blue on the quills; terminal 
third of tail chocolate-brown; round the eye a large patch 
of rough skin without feathers, red, margined below by a broad 
loral band of grey feathers; chin pale grey; throat, sides of neck, 
and chest chestnut, darker on the latter part and passing into 
chocolate-brown on the abdomen and under tail-coverts; flanks and 
thighs dusky black glossed with green; under surface of the wings 
glossy blue-black, with a green shade on the coverts ; upper mandible 
pale green, with a small portion between the nostril and gape 
black; lower mandible black, with an orange mark along the keel. 
Total length 19*5 inches, culmen 1*8, wing 6-7, tail 10*5, tarsus 1*05. 

Ilah. Java. 
a. Ad. sk.
b, c, d. Ad. sk. 
Java. 
Java (Horsjield). 
Earl of Derby [P.]. 
India Museum. 
e,f, (j. Ad. sk. Java. Seebolmi Coll. 
h, i, k. Ad. sk. Java (A. 11 Wallace). Tweeddale Coll. 
I, m, n. Skeletons. Java. Purchased. 

29. UBOCOCCYX* 
Range. Prom Southern Tenasserim down the Malayan Peninsula 
to Sumatra and Borneo. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Throaty under tail-coverts, and portion of 
tail bright rufous , erythrognathus, p. J>98. 
b. Throat chocolate-brown; under tail-coverts 
and entire tail glossy green ,.. ceneicauda, p. 400. 
1. IJrococcyx erythrognfcthus. 
Ouculus melanognathus (nee Horsf.), RaM. Trans. Linn. 8oo. xiii. 
p. 287 (1822). 
Phoenicophseus viridis (nee Vieill), Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 027 
(1842), xiv. p. 199 (1845). 
Phcenicophseus erythrognathus, Marti. Vers, Mus. Brem. 1844, p. 05; 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 98 (1850); id. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 5 (1854); 
J". 8f F. Verr. Bed. et Mag. Zool 1855, p. 357; 8eL P. Z. S. 
1863, p. 208 ; 8chL Mus. Pays~Bas, Cuculi, p. 49 (18G4) ;* Gray, 
Hand4. B. ii. p. 206, no. 8868 (1870) ; Hume, Sir. F. ii. p. 472 
(1874); Blyth $ WaU. Cat. Mamm. fy B. Burma, p. 81 (1875); 
Brilgg. Abhandl nat. Ver. Brem. v. p. 455 (1877); Hume, Str. F. 

* Type, 27. eryihrognatfais. 
29 . TJKOCOCCYX. 
vi. pp. 165, 500 (1878) ; Snelleman in Vetli's Midden-Sumatra, 
Vog. p. 34(1884). 
PkcenieoplwQiis curvirostris (nee Shaw), Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. 

p. 75 (1849) ; Iforsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. B.I Co. ii. p. (587 
^ (1850-58). 
llhamphococcyx erythrognatlrus, Cab. 8f Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 07 
(1802); Salvad. Ucc. di Borneo, p. 74 (1874) ; id. Ann. Mus. Civ. 
Gen. xiv. p. 180 (1879); Hume, Stt\ F. viii. pp. 54, 89 (1879); 
AW/^/w, J7,fc, 1881, p. 393; Blasius, J.f. 0.1882, p. 240 ; A. Mull. 

t. c. p. 409 j Xichohon, Ibis, 1883, p. 242; Qates, Eandb. B. Brit. 
Burmah, ii. p. 124 ; Biittih. Notes Ley den Mus. 1884, p. 01; GW/lemard, 
P. #. $. 1885, p. 406; Everett, Journ. Straits Branch B. 
Asiai. Soc. 1889, p. 174. 
Rhopodytes erythrognatlius, Sliarpe, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 104 ; id. Bus, 
1877, p. 8; Tweedd. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 287 ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, 
pp. 240, 028; id. Ibis, 1879, p. 245; id. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 790: w/. 
Ibis, 1890, p. 12. 

Ja£itft male. Forehead, crown, and back of neck leaden grey, the 
latter glo&sed with olive; back, wings, and basal two-thirds of tail 
deep metallic green, glossed with blue on the quills; a largo rough 
bare patch round the eye red, margined beneath by a grey loral 
band; chin grey ; throat and chest chestnut; flanks, abdomen, and 
thighs dusky black, partially washed with glossy green; under 
tail-coverts chocolate-brown; under surface of wings glossy blue-
black, partially washed with green on the coverts : " bill pale groen, 
with a large portion of the lower mandible and a patch just below 
the nostril dull red; iris bright yellow; legs and feet bluish green *' 

(W. Davison). Total length 18*5 inches, culmen TO, wing 6*8, 
tail 10, tarsus 1*45. 
Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
18*2 inches, culmen 
1*7, wing 6*4, tail 10*7, tarsus 1*55. 
Hah. The same as that of the genus. 

a. $ ad. sk. Tkoungyak, Tenas&erim, Oct. Hume Coll. 
(J. Barling). 
b. <$ ad. sk. Yea, April (IF. Davison). Hume Coll. 
c. J ad. sk. Mergui Island, Dec. (W. DaviHume 
Coll 
son). 
d, e. S $ ad. sk. Layuah, May (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
/ . ? ad. hk. Banonee, Feb. ( W. Davison). Hume Coll. 

V-? ad. sk. *Palaw-ton-ton, Dec. (W. DaviHume 
Coll* 
son). 

h. 
<$ ad. sk. Foot of Mt. Nwalabo, April Hume Coll. 
(IF. Davison). 
i-u. 6 S ad. sk. Bankasoon, Dec, Feb., April, Hume Coll. 
June (W. Davison). 
v, w, a\ d 2 ad. Malewoon, Feb., March (IF. Hume Coll* 


sk. Davison). 
y~kf. 6 ? ad. et Kossonra, April, May, July (J. Hume Co]L 
imm. sk. Darling). 

l'~s'. $ ? ad. sk. Klang, Salangore, Feb. to April, Hume Coll. 

Oct. (IF. Davison). 
t'. Ad. sk. Malacca (Dr. Cantor). India Museum. 
u', v', w'. Ad.; Malacca, May, Aug. (Dr. Main-Tweeddale Coll. 

x'. Juv. sk. gay)


400 
CFCTTLIIL3G. 

?/-/'. Ad. et Malacca, July, Aug*. (W. DaviHume 
Coll. 
imm. sk. son). 
tf',h". $ ad.: i", Pulo Seban, Oct. (W. Davison), Hume Coll. 
h". $ ad. sk. 
V'-f. <JacL;$", Pulo Seban,Nov. (IF. Davison). Hume Coll. 
r". $ ad. sk. 
s",tf". c?ad.; w", Kuroo, Nov. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
0". 5 ad. sk. 
w"-b\ tf? ad. Nealys, Oct. (W. Davison). Hume Coll. 
et hum. sk. 
c'W^. tf?ad. et Johore, March, Aug. ( W. DaHume 
Coll. 
imm. sk. vison). 
e'3~£:i. <$ 2 ad. et Sumatra, Sept., Oct. (61 Bock). Tweeddale Coll. 
inim. sk. 
u3. Ad. sk. Lanipong, Sumatra (E. 0. BuxTweeddale 
Coll. 
ton). 

j>8. Ad. sk. [Java.] Seebolim Coll. 
w'^x'^y3. Ad.sk. barawak (A. Everett). Seebohm Coll. 
s3. Ad. sk. Limibidan (Sir Hugh Lotu). Seebohm Coll. 
a l,^c l.Ad. sk. Labuan. Sir Hugh Low [0.1. 
d\ Ad. sk. Banjarmassrng (J. Motley). Tweeddale Coll. 

2. Urococcyx aeneicauda. 
Pkcenicoplueus seaeicaudus, «7. fy E. Verr. Bev. et Mag. Zooh 1855, 
p. 357; Gray, Iland-l. B. ii. p. 206, no. 8869 (1870) ; Wald. Bus, 
1871, p. 162 ; id. Trans. Z. 8. viii. p. 52 (1872). 
Ekampkococcyx 
seneicaudus, Cah. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 66, 
note (1862). 

Adult (type of species). Similar to U. eryifirognathus, but with 
the entire tail glossy green; the grey loral hand below the hare 
ophthalmic patch broader and darker; throat darker and more 
chocolate-brown, which colour barely extends on to the chest; remainder 
of the body dusky black, strongly glossed with green ; 
under tail-coverts glossy green; bill uniform pale green. Total 
length 174 inches, culmen 1*7, wing Q-Q^ tail 10, tarsus 1*5. 

Bab. Unknown. 

a. Ad. sk. [Ceylon.] 
Purchased. 
30. DRYOCOCCYX. 
Type. 
Dryococcyx, Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) Zool. i. p. 321, 
tig. 1 (1877) D. karrmgtoni. 

Range. Confined to the island of Palawan. 

1. Dryococcyx harriiigtoiii. 
Dryococcyx 
karrmgtoni, Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Boc. (2) Zool i. 
pp. 321,351 (1877); id. Ibis, 1888, p. 198; Whitehead, Ibis, 1890, 

p. 46. 
Phcenicophaes harringtoni, 
Wald. P. Z> S. 1878, p. 613; Wardlaio 
Mamsay, App. Tweedd, urn. Works, p. 656 (1881). 

l\\, (MWTHMOniVRIH. 

401 

Adult ft male. Forehead and frown leaden grey, partially glossed 
with green, and with elongated hair-liko shafts <o tho ioatheiN; 
back, wings, and basal two-thirds of tail glossy metallic green, 
slightly shaded with bine on the quill*; chin and a low of tho loral 
feathers grey ; throat, entiro breast, thighs, and under tail-coverts 
uniform chestnut; under surface of the wings blue-black, mottled 
with rufous on the wing-coverts: "iris light brown, orbital and 
loral space deep crimson; bill light green tinged with olive; feet 
and logs lead-grey; nails dark grey?1 {A. Nuerett). Total length 
17 inches, culmen 1*75, wing iKJ, tail 11, tarsus H>. 

ILab, Palawan. 

a, b. $ ad.; c, d} Puerto Prineesa, Palawan, Tweeddale Coll. 

e. $ ad. sk. Dec, Jan. (A, Everett). 
f. Ad, sk. Palawan. E. Lempriore, Esq. [O.J, 
31. 
CEUTHMOCHARES. 
Type. 
Ceutkmochares, Cab. <§- Heine, Mm. ffein. iv. p. 00 (18013) . (\ aniens. 
lianye. The wholo of Africa south of about 15° N. lat. 

Key to the Sjxcies. 

a. 
Bluer: tail never entirely green. 
a'. Darker: wings and tail uniform violet-blue ; 
with no shade of green on the plumage ... . Jlavimsfrus, p, 40l * 
b'. Paler: wings and tail bluish green; centre 
tail-feathers strongly shaded with green ... . anem, p. 402, 


b. 
With no blue nor violet on the plumage ; entire 
wings and tail glossy green austmlts, p. 403. 
1. Ceuthmochares flavirostris. 
Zauclostoinus ilavirostris, 8trains. B. IV. Afr. ii. p. 183, pi. it) (18o7); 

Gray, UatuU. II ii. p. Ii00, no. 887o (1870), 

Zanclostomus neneus, Ilarll (nee V.), Oni. W.-Afr. p. 187 (pt.;N. of 

Equator); Sharjpe, Ibis, 1809, p. 104. 

Plueiiicophaes ilavirostris, Sold. Mia. Pays-Bm, (1uouli, p. GO, 

Oeuthmochares icneus, tikarpe, IKZ.ti. 187^, p. 100 (pt.); Usiher, 

Ibis, 1874, p. 04; tiharpe, etl LayariVs B. IS. Afr. pi. 5. tig. 2. 
Phoenieophaes ameus, Biittihfer, hTotes Lcyden Mm. Vi\. p. I>LM? 

viii. p. 201. 
Adult Upper half of the head and back of the neck dark slaty 

grey, very slightly shaded wijjh violet 
and passing gradually into 

deep glossy violet-blue on the back, wings, and tail, which parts 

arc 
absolutely without a trace of green; on the sides of the head 

a 
bare slaty-grey ophthalmic patch extending to the bill; under 

surface of body dusky ash, very slightly paler on the chin, and 

gradually passing into dusky slate-colour on tho abdomen and 

thighs; under tail-coverts glossy violet-blue ; under surface of the 

wings black, slightly glossed with violet-blue, especially on the 

coverts: bill yellow, with a triangular basal black patch on tho 

VOL. xix. 
2 v 

402 KtVCXJLLDM. 

culmen: iris crimson; legs black. Total length 12-S inches, 
eulrnen 1*1, wing 4-5, tail 7*6, tarsus 1*1. 
Eab. West Africa, from Senegal to the Gfold Coast 

a-d. Ad. sk. W. coast of Africa. Purchased. 
e,f. Ad. sk. Sierra Leone. Colonel Sabine [P.]. 
q, k Ad. sk.
I h. Ad. sk.
l-t. Ad. sk. 
Ashantee. 
Gold Coast. 
Fantee (JET. T. Ussher § F.
Blisseti). 
Gould Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
u. Ad. sk. Cape Coast Castle. TVeeddale Coll. 

2. Ceuthmocliares sevens. 
Coucou gris bronze*, Levaitt. Ois. Afr. v. p. 60, pi. 215; Sundev. 
Krit, Fra?nst. om Levaill. p. 48 (1857). 
Cuculus aereus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet, viii. p. 229 (1817)*, id, Eno. 

Meth. p. 1383 (1823). 
Cuculus aeratus, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 210 (1820). 
Zanclostoinus flavirostris (nee Swains.), Fraser, P. Z. S. 1843; p. 52; 

Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 14 (1871, pt.J. 
Zanclostoinus aereus, Hartl. J.f. 0. 1854, p. 201; id. Orn. W.-Afr. 

p. 275 (1857); Cass. B\ Ac. Philad. 1850, p. 142; Gray, Hand-l 
B. ii. p. 206, no. 8874 (1870); Reiclien. J.f.O. 1875, p. % 1877, 
p. 15. 
Zanclostoinus seneus, Marti. § Monteiro, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 112; 
SharpefyBouvier, Bull. Soe. Zool France, i. p. 312 (1876); Boeage, 
Om. Angola, p. 147 (1877). 

Ceuthinochares aereus, Cab. §- Seine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 60 (1862) ; 
Sharpe, F. Z. S 1873, pp. 607, 610, fig. 15 (pt). 
Ceuthmochares intermedius, Sharpe, Linn. Soe. Jour. xvii. p. 432 
(1884). 

Adult. Decidedly paler than the last species; back and wings 
greyer, with a greenish-blue gloss; the tail, which is violet on 
the lateral feathers, passes into brilliant bluish green on the centre 
ones: beneath pale ashy grey, fading into white towards the chin 
and into dusky grey on the flanks, thighs, and abdomen; under 
tail-coverts bright glossy green: the black patch at the base of 
the culmen is rather smaller and more irregularly shaped than in 

C. flavirostris: iris crimson ; legs black. Total length 12*2 inches, 
culmen 1-15, wing 4*5, tail 7*1, tarsus 1-1. 
Levaillant describes Le Coucou gris bronze from Halimbe as 
having the tail glossed with green and blue above and being bluer 
beneath, and mentions the green gloss about the under tail-coverts, 
thus pointing oat the most prominent characters by which this 
species is distinguished from its allies. 

Eab. Angola to the Cameroons, and through the Congo Basin to 
the Niam-l^iam Country. 

a. Ad. sk. Semmio, Niam-Niani Country, E.Bohndorff[C.]. (Type 
Feb. of C. intermedius.) 
b, e. Ad. sk. Cameroons Mountains, Jan. Sharpe Coll. 
(Crossley). 

32. DASYLOPHUS. 
403 

d. Ad. sk. Fernando Po. L. Fvasor [C.J. 
e. Ad. sk. Muni Eivor (DuChaillu). Tweeddale Coll. 
f-h Ad.sk. Gaboon {Walker). Skarpe Coll. 
/, m. Ad. sk. Gaboon. Shelley Coll. 
n. Ad. sk. Bembe, Angola. Monteiro Coll. 
3. Ceiithmochares australis. 
Zanclostomus seneus (nee Vieill), Gumey, Ibis, 1859. p. 248; Finsch 
§ Kartl Tog. Ostafr. p. 525 (1870); Keugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr, 
pp. 791, clxiv (1871-73); Bohm, J.f 0. 1883, p. 165. 

Pkoenicophaes aereus, Schl. Mas. Pays-Bas, Cnculi, p. 50 (1804). 
Ceutkmockares australis, Sharpe, P.Z. S. 1873, p. 009; id. ed. Lay avis 

B. S. Afr. p. 161, pi. 5. fig. 1; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 82; Cab. 
J.f O. 1878, p. 238 ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 595. 
Zanclo&tomus australis, Kartl. Vog. Madag. p. 236 (1877) ; Fiseh. fy 
Eeichen. J. f. 0.1879, p. 312; Fisch. J.f.O. 1885, p. 123. 
Adult. Grown and back ashy olive; wings glossy olive-green; 
tipper tail-coverts and tail very brilliant yellowish green; sides of 
the head grey, with a bare slaty-grey ophthalmic patch extending to 
the bill; beneath ashy, nearly white towards the chin, and tinted 
with olive-yellow on the sides and base of the throat and on the 
chest; lower breast, flanks, and thighs dusky grey, strongly glossed 
on the abdomen with green; under tail-coverts glossy green • under 
wing-coverts dusky grey; quills dusky brown, with a slight olive 
gloss: bill yellow, with a triangular black patch at the base of 
the culmen; iris crimson; legs black. Total length 14 inches, 
oulmen 1*15, wing 5, tail 7*8, tarsus 1*2. 

Immature. Has some slight traces of rufous odges on the greater 
wing-coverts; throat slightly more shaded with olive-yellow; under 
tail-coverts dusky; under wing-coverts mottled with rufous. 

Hah. East Africa, from Usaramo to the rTatal Coast. A specimen 
has been recorded from the Bay of Bombatoc in Madagascar (Bojer); 
but no mention is made of it in Grandidier's great work on the 
Zoology of that island, and doubtless some mistake as to the 
origin of this specimen has occurred. 

a. Ad. sk. South Africa. Seebolim Coll. 
b, c, d, e. Ad. sk. Natal (Ayres). Sharpe Coll. 
/, g, h. Ad. sk. Durban, Oct., April. Shelley Coll. 
?. Ad. sk. Zambesi (Sir J. Kirk). Livingtone Expedition. 
k. Ad. sk. Lamu {Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
32. DASYL0PHUS. Typ 0 
Dasylophus, Sivains. Class. B. ii. p. 324 (1837) ... . D. superciliosus. 

Range, Confined to the island of Luzon in the Philippines. 

1. Dasylophus superciliosus. 
Phoenicophaus superciliosus, Cuv. Diet. Mist. Nat. x. p. 55 (1826) j 
Less. Man. Orn. ii. p. 127 (1828); Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 925 
(1842); Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 51 (ltf«4). 

2B 2 

CUCCTLID2E. 

Melias superciliobus, Less. Trait e, p. 133 (1831). 
Malcolia superciliosus, Gu6r, Icon. Begne An. i. pi. 33. fig. 1 (182938). 


Dasylophus superciliosus, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 324, pi. 280.fig-,a 
(1837) ; Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 456, pi. 116 (1845) j Blyth, J. A. S. 
Beng. xiv. p. 199 (1S45); id. Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 75 (1849); 
Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 5 (1854); Cab. 8? Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. 

p. 09 (1862); Gray, Kand-l. B. ii. p. 206, no. 8870 (1870); Sharpe, 
P. Z. S. 1873, p. 603, fig. 7, liead; Wald. Trans. Z. 8. ix. p. 162 
(1875) ; Gould, B. Asia, vi. pi. 44 (1876) ; Tweedd. P. Z. 3.1877, 
p. 691 j Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) ZooL i. p. 321 (1877) ; 
Kutter,J.f.O. 1882, p. 175. 
Phoenicophseus ornatus, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 925 (1842). 

Adult male. General plumage above glossy blackish green, with 
a partial blue shade; a very distinct eyebrow of bright crimson 
elongated tufts of hair-like feathers extending from the nostrils to 
behind the bare orbital patch, which latter is bright orange; the 
base of many of the red tufts white and forming a narrow partial 
eyebrow next to the bare skin ; tail with broad white ends to the 
feathers; underparts dusky olive, inclining to black towards the 
chin, thighs, and under tail-coverts, the latter partially glossed with 
green: " iris pure chrome-yellow; orbital skin and base of bill 
fiery orange; bill pale green; legs greenish chrome; claws dark 
grey " (A. H. Everett). Total length 15'5 inches, culmen 1'5, wing 
0-2, tail 9-5, tarsus 1*5. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 15-3 
inches, culmen 1*5, wing 6*1, tail 9*1, tarsus 1*45. 
Hah. Island of Luzon. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. Philippines. Gould Coll. 
d. Ad. &t.; e. Ad. Manila. Huali Cumino-, 
sk.
/ , 9. d ? ad. sk. Luzon, Jan., Feb. (A.
Meyer), 
B. 
Esq.[C\]. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
h, i. <J ? ad. sk. Monte Alban, Feb. (A. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett). 

33. 
LEPIDOGRAHMUS. 
Type. 
Lepidogrammus, Meichenb. Av. Syst. pi. 47 (1849) ... . L. cumingi. 
Range. Confined to the island of Luzon in the Philippines. 

1. lepidogrammus cumingi. 
Phoenicophaus cuniiiigi, Eraser, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 112; Blyth, J. A. S. 
Beng. xi. p. 925 (1845),- Eraser, ZooL Typ. pi. 58 (1848-40) j 
ScU. Mus. Pays-Bays, Cueuli, p. 51 (1864). 

Phoenicophaus barrotii, Eydoax ty Souleyet, Toy. Bonite, ZooL p. 80, 
Atlas, pi. 6 (1841). 
Dasylophus cumingii, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 459 (1845) ,* Blyth, J. A. 

S. Beng. xiv. p. 199 (1845); Gray, Kand-l B. ii. p. 206, no. 8871 
(1870). 
34 . COTJA. 405 
Lepidoorammus cumingi, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 5 (1854): Cab. $ 
Heine, Mus, Eein. iv. p. 70 (1862); Sliarpe, P. Z. S. 1873. p. 602, 
fig. 6 head; Wold. Trans. Z. 8. ix. p. 163 (1875): Gould. B. Asia, 

vii. pi. 45 (1876) ; Tweedd. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 691. 
Cuculus decorus, " Gravmhorst," Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p, 5 (1854). 
Adult (type of species). Upper half and sides of the head grey, 
passing into white on the sides of the forehead and throat; all the 
feathers of the forehead and a broad central band through tho 
crown to the nape ornamented with glossy black horny appendages, 
and having the sub terminal portion of each feather white; a broad 
band of similarly horny-tij^ed feathers extending down the centre 
of the throat; back of the neck deep chestnut; remainder of the 
upper parts deep glossy green, inclining to purplish blue on the 
quills and tail; the feathers of the latter with white ends ; at the 
base of the neck a broad golden-rufous semicircle bordering the 
white throat and blending into the deep chestnut of the sides of the 
neck and chest; abdomen, thighs, and under tail-coverts brownish 
black, washed with a dark-green gloss on the outside of the thigh-
coverts ; under wing-coverts deep chestnut like the breast; quills 
uniform glossy black; eyelashes strong and black: u orbital patch 
and iris red; bill horn-yellow; legs grey " (A. E. Everett). Total 
length 17 inches, culmen 1*5, wing 6*1, tail 9, tarsus 1*6. 

Nestling. Upper half and sides of the head, wings, and body both 
above and below dark reddish brown; the quills and base of the 
tail glossy greenish black, with which colour other portions of the 
wings are mottled ; a broad white end to the tail; neck all round 
rufous, passing into rufous-groy on the chin. 

Bob. Luzon. 
a, I). Ad.; c. Pull. Philippines. Purchased. 
sk. 
d, e. Ad. sk. Manila {Maitland Heriot). Tweeddale Coll. 
/ . Ad. sk. Luzon; Jan. 14. Hugh Cuming, Esq. [0.]. 
(Type of species.) 

g. J ad. sk. Batan, Luzon, April (A. B. Tweeddale Coll. 
Meyer), 
h, i, k. d ad. sk. Monte Alban, Feb., March Tweeddale Coll. 

(A. Everett). 
34. COTTA. Type-
Coua, Cuv. Begne An. i. p. 425 (1817) C. carulea. 
Serisomus, Swain*. Class. B. ii. p. 323 (1837) C. cristata. 
Glaucococcyx, Cab. 8? Heine, Mus. Nein. iv. p. 71 (1862) C. ccerulea. 
Cochlothraustes, Cab. <§• Seine, t. c. p. 74 C. delaiandii. 

Range. Confined to the island of Madagascar. 

Key to the Species. 

a. With no white ends to any of the tail-feathers. 
a'. Throat and breast uniform. 
a". Entire plumage blue cmrulea, p. 40b. 

406 
CTTCTTTiIDiE. 

b". Upper parts olive-green ; crown tawny 
orange reynaudi, p. 407. 

V. 
Upper throat and abdomen dusky olive; breast 
bright chestnut serriana, p. 408. 
b. With white ends to some of the tail-feathers. 
cf. With a well-marked crest. 
c". Crest-feathers longer, narrower, and extending 
over the whole crown ; front of the 
chest with a rufous shade. 

«'". White end to tail narrower, about 1*2 
inches; under tail-coverts paler cristata, p. 409. 
b"\ White end to tail broader, about 2 
inches ; under tail-coverts rufous pyropyga^ P- 410. 

d". Crest-feathers broader, and confined to the 
front half of the crown; unclerparts white, 
shaded with grey verreaiu z", p. 410. 

d'. With no crest. 

e". Upper parts not blue. 
c"'. Crown rufous riificeps, p. 410. 
d'". Crown more or less olive. 

a1. Underparts paler; abdomen and under 

tail-coverts huffish. 
a5. Throat white. Larger; wing 6'2 .. oiivaeeieeps, p. 411. 
b\ Throat yellowish. Smaller; wing 

4-9 cursor, p. 411. 
b*. Underparts darker; abdomen and under 

tail-coverts brown. 
c5 . Smaller; wing 5*0 inches. Lower 
d\
chest washed with pink 
Larger; wing 8-6 inches. Lower 
coqiiereli, p. 412. 
chest not washed with pink gigas, p. 412. 

/" . Upper parts dark blue; throat and chest 
white ; abdomen rufous delalandii, p. 413. 

1. Coua csBrulea. 
Le Coucou bleu de 3Iadagascar, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 156, pi. 13. fig. 1 
(1766); Daub. PI Enl 295. %. 2 (1783); Vinson, Toy. Madag., 
App. p. 144 (1865). 

Cuculus caaruletis, Linn. Syst. Nat. I p. 171 (1766) : Wctld. Zbis\ 

1869, p. 835. Le 
Tait-sou, Montb. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 291, pi. IS (1779). 
Blue Cuckow, Lath, Gen. Syn. B. i. p. 531 (1781); id, Gen. Hist. 

iii. p. 274 (1822). 
Le Coua tait-sou, Levaill. Ois. Afr. v. p. 69, pi. 218 (1806); Sund. 
Krit. Framst. om Levaill. p. 48 (1857). 
Polophilus cseruleus, Steph. Gen. Zool ix. p. 56 (1815). 
Cuculus (Coua) cseruleus, Cuv. Eegne An. (1) i. p. 425 (1817). 
Coccyzus cseruleus, Vieill MILD. Diet. viii. p. 278 (1817); id JEnc 

Metk p. 1348 (1823); id.GalOis. i. p. 31,pi. 41 (182o); Less.Traiti 

p. 139(1831). 
; 
Coua cfierulea, Gray, in Griff. An. Kingdom, vii. p. 458 (1829) ; id. 
Gen. JB. ii. p. 454 (1846); Marti Ann. $ May. Nat. Mist 1848, 

p. 390; Bp. Consp. I p. 109 (1850); 86hl Handl. DierJc. I 
p. 206 (1857); Kollar, Site. Ah. Wiss. Wien, 1858, p. 342; Hartl. 
Om. Beitrag Faun. Madag. p. 60 (1861) ; Moch $ K Newton, 
34 . GOTTA. 407 
Ibis, 186,% p. 1G6; R Newton, t. c. p. 453; 8el. P. Z. S. 1863, 

p. 1G4 ; 8c7d. Mus. Pays-Bas. Cuculi, p. 40 (1864); A. Newton, 
P. Z. S. 1865, p. 834; Sehl P. Z. S. 1866, p. 424; Grand Rev. eb 
Mag. Zool 1867, p. 390; 8chl. 8? Pollen, Faun. Madag., Ois. p. 55 
(1868); Gray, Iland-l B. ii. p. 208, no. 8894 (1870); Bartlett, 
P. Z. S. 1875, p. 67; Hartl Vog. Madag. p. 248 (1877); Milne-
Fdiu. $ Grand. Ois. I p. 148, Atlas, i. pis. 48, 49 (1879). 
Oentropus csevuleus, Temm. Tail Metli. p. 53 (1838). 
Glaueococcyx coeruleus, Cab. # Heine, Mus. Rein. iv. p. 71 (1862). 
Sericosomus cseruleus, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 616. 

Adult. Entire plumage uniform blue, with a violet gloss on the 
tail; under surface of the quills glossy blackish blue, shaded with 
violet: " bare skin round the eye indigo-blue ; bill and legs black ; 
his brown" (Gmndidier). Total length 16*5 inches, culmon 1*I, 
wing 7*6, tail 10*2, tarsus 2-2. 

Hah The woodlands of North and East Madagascar. 

a. Ad. st.; b, c.
Ad. sk. 
Madagascar. Purchased. 
d, e. Ad. sk.
/ . Ad. sk. 
Madagascar (Van Dam). 
Madagascar. 
Shelley Coll. 
Gk F. Scott Elliot, Esa. 
g-p. Ad. sk.
\j. Ad. sk.
r, s. Ad. sk.
t} u. Skeletons. 
Central Madagascar. 
Mohambo (Gerrard). 
East of Antananarivo, July 
(W. Deans Cowan). 
Madagascar.
[P.]. 
Seehohui Coll. 
Purchased. 
Eev. "W. Deans Cowan 
[o.]. 
2. Coua reynaudii 

Le Couliou vert, Sganzin, Mem. 8oe. Mus. Hist. Nat, Strasbourg, 
1840, p. 33. 
Coua reynaudii, Puclier. Rev. Zool. 1845, p. 51; id. Mag, Zool. 1845, 

p. 5, pi. m ; Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 454 (1846) ; Bp. Cousp. i. p. 109 
(1850) ; id. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 120 (1854); Kollar, 8itz. Ah. 
Wiss. Wien,im%, p. 342; Hartl Faun. Madag. p. 60 (1861) ; 
Schl. Ned. Tijdsehr. Dierk 1866, p. 82; id. P. Z.8. 1866, p. 424; 
Grand. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1867, p. 390; 8cJd. §• Pollen, Faun. 
Madag., Ois. p. 56 (1868) ,• Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 208, no. 8889 
(1870); Hartl. Vog. Madag. p. 239 (1877) ; Milne-Edw. $ Grand. 
Hist. Madag., Ois. i. p. 141, Atlas, pi. 43 (1879). 
Coccyzus reynaudi, Verr. Cat. Coll. Ois. Rivoli, p. 25 (1846). 
Coua ruficeps (nee Gray), Bp. Consp. i. p. 109 (1850); id. Consp. Vol. 
Zygod. p. 120 (1854). 
Sericosomus reynaudi, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 73, note 
(1862); Sharpe, P. Z. S.1873, p. 615. 
Sericosomus sp., Bartlett, P. Z. S.1879, p. 771. 

Adult. Above glossy olive, shaded on the quills and outer tail-
feathers with violet-blue; forehead and front half of the crown 
chestnut; bare patch round the eye blue, darkest above and in front 
and surrounded by a margin of black feathers; beneath dusky ashy, 
tinted with olive-green on the body, especially on the flanks and 
abdomen; lower abdomen and under tail-coverts slightly darker; 

CTTCTJLIB2E. 

under surface of the quills uniform dark glossy brown : M l black; 
irides brown ; legs slate-colour. Total length 16*1 inches, culmen 
0-9, wing 6-1, tail 10, tarsus 1*8. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the crown and sides 
of the head uniform with the back, without rufous or black feathers; 
most of the feathers of the wing tipped with chestnut and the 
underparts partially mottled with that colour. 

Hab. The woodlands of North and North-eastern Madagascar. 

a, b, c. Imm. sk.
d, e. Ad. sk.
/ . Ad. sk.
g, h, i Ad. sk. 
Madagascar. 
Central Madagascar. 
Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. 
Ankafana, March ( W. Beans 
Purchased. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Bev.W.Deans Cowan 
[C.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
k-s. Ad. et imm.
Cowan), 
Ankafana, March (W. Beans Tweeddale Coll. 
tsk. 
JUT. sk. 
Couwi). 
Betsileo. Bev. G. Shaw r C \ 
?/. Ad. sk.
v. Skeleton. 
North Madagascar; Aug. 
Madagascar. 
A. Majastre [CD. " 
Pev.W.Deans Cowan 
rn i 

3. Coua serriaiia. 
Le Coucal ou Coua de Tintingiie, Sganz. Mem. Soc. Mits. Hist. Xaf. 
Strasbourg, 1840, p. 34. 
Coua serriana, Tucher. Rev. Zool 1845, p. 51; id. Mag. ZooL 1845, 

p. 3, pi. 55 j Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 454 (1846) ; Bp. Con«p, i. p. 109 
(1850) ; Eartl Faun. Madag. p. Gl (1801); Sold. Mus. Bai/s-
Bas, Cuculi, p. 46 (1864); Grand. Bev. et Mag. Zool 18G7, 
p. 390; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 208, no. 8800 (1870); Hartl. Vdg. 
Madag. p. 240 (1877) ; Milne-Edio. $ Grand. Mist. Madag., Ois. 
i. p. 150, Atlas, i. pis. 42, GO (1879). 
Coua serrisiana, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 120 (1854). 
Seiicosomus serriamts, Cab. $ Seine, Mm. Hein. iy. p. 74. note 
(1862); Sharpe, P. Z. S.1873, p. 015. 

Adult Above olive-brown, with a blight rufous shade on the back 
of the neck and mantle ; quills and tail purplish black ; a few of 
the frontal feathers and a broad eyebrow black; bare patch round 
the eye blue, paler above than below; feathers of the cheeks and 
upper throat black; lower throat and front of the chest deep chestnut, 
which colour is partially separated from the black upper throat 
by the brown of the back of the neck descending nearly across the 
throat; remainder of the underparts black, washed, more especially 
on the lower chest, with brown of the same shade as the mantle; 
under surface of the wings brownish black : bill black; iris red; 
legs iron-grey. Total length 16*5 inches, culmen 1, wing 0*2, tail 
8-7, tarsus 2*3. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having tbe back more rufous 
and many of the wing-coverts edged with rufous. 
Hab. The forests of North-east Madagascar. 

34. COXJA. 409 
a, b. Ad. sk. Madagascar. Bev.W. Deans Cowan 
c, d. Ad. sk. Madagascar.
[0.]. 
Forbes Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Madagascar (Crossky). Shelley Coll. 
f. Ad. sk. Forest of Ancoya. Purchased. 
4. Coua cristata. 

Le Coucou huppe de Madagascar, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 149, pi. xii. %. 2 
(1760); Daub. PL BnL vi. pi. 589. 
Cuculus cristatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 171 (1766); Walcl Ibis, 
I860, p. 335. 
Le Coua, Month. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 365, pi. 16 (1779) ,• LevailL 
Ois. Afr. v. p. 67, pi. 217 (1806); Sundev. Krit. Framst om Levaill 

p. 48 (1857). 
Cuculus (Coua) cristatus, Cuv. Begne An. i. p. 425 (1817). 
Coecyzus cristatus, VteilL Nouv. Bid. viii. p. 274(1817); id. Bnc. 
MWi. p. 1346 (1823) ; Less. Traits, p. 138 (1831). 
Madagascar Cuckow, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. iii. p. 270 (1822). 
Coua cristatus, Gray in Griff. An. Kingdom, vii. p. 458 (1829) j 

id. Gen. B. ii. p. 454 (1846); Beichh. Nat. Syst. Trig. pi. m (1849); 
Bp. Consp. I p. 109 (1850); id. Vol Zygod. p. 120 (1854); Sold. 
Handl Dierh. 1857, p. 206; HartL J. f. O. 1860, p. 110; 
Roch § B. Neivton, Ibis, 1863, p. 166; ML Mas. Bays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 46 (1864) ; ScM. B. Z. S. 1866, p. 424; Grand. Bev. et 
Mag. ZooL 1867, p. 392 ,• ScM. $ Boll. Faun. Madag., Ois. ii. p. m 
(1868); Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 208, no. 8886 (1870); Sharpe, 

P. Z. S. 1873, p. 399; Boll. Faune Madag. i. p. 198 (1877); HartL 
Tog. Madag. p. 243 (1877). 
Serisomus cristatus, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 323 (1837); A. Neivton, 

B. Z. S. 1865, p. 834. 
Sericosomus 
cristatus, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 72, note 
(1862); Cab. Yon d. Decken's Beis. iii. p. 39 (1869); Sharpe, 

B. Z. S. 1873, p. 612. 
Coua cristata typica, Milne-Bdw. § Grand. Hist Madag., Ois. i. 
p. 143, Atlas,\ pi. 44 (1879). 
Adult. Above delicate ashy grey, strongly glossed with green on 
the mantle and inner half of the wings; remainder of the quills 
and the tail bright glossy blue, the latter with broad white ends to 
all but the centre feathers ; a bare patch round the eye violet-blue, 
surmounted by a well-marked black eyebrow; cheeks and upper 
half of the throat grey like the back of the neck, paler on the chin ; 
lower throat and fore part of the chest bright rufous-buff, with a 
pink tint iii front and passing gradually into white on the remainder 
of the body and under tail-coverts; under wing-coverts white, 
obscurely barred with pale ashy grey; under surface of the quills 
dusky, partially glossed with lilac-blue. Bill black; iris red; legs 
slate-colour. Total length 13*8 inches, culmen 0-9, wing 5-3, tail 8, 

tarsus 
1*6. 
Hob. The woodlands of North and East Madagascar. 

a. Ad. sk. Madagascar. 
Sir E. Belcher [P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. Madagascar. 
Seebohm Coll. 
c. d. <$ ad. sk. Madagascar (Crossleg). Sharpe Coll. 
e,f} g> cS ad, sk. Madagascar, Oct. 8 (Van Dam). Shelley Coll. 
410 CVCVUVJZ. 

5. Coua pyropyga. 
Coua pyropyga, Grand. JRev. et Mag. Zool. 1867, pp. 86, 255. 

Coua cristata, var. pyropyga, Grand. JRev. et Mag. Zool. 1867, p. 392; 

Mihe-Ediv. § Grand. Hist. Madag., Ois. i. p. 146, Atlas, i. pis. 45, 

46 (1879). 

Sericosomns pyropyga, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 613. 
Coua cristata (nee £.), Bartlett, P. Z. & 1875, p. 67. 
Coua pyrrliopygia, Hartl Vdg. Madag. p. 245 (1877). 


Adult. Very similar to G. cristata, but distinguished by baying 
the white ends to the tail-feathers twice as broad and the under 
tail-coverts tawny ; iris red ; legs grey (Grandidier). Total length 
13-5-inches, culnien 0*95, wing 6*7, tail 8, tarsus 1*55. 

In deference to the authors of the ' Histoire Xaturelle de Mada


gascar ' I have kept their C. pyropyga distinct from 0. cristata, 

not having seen the t\pe, but the characters on which the two 

forms are separated appear to me of small value. In true G. cristata 

the under tail-coverts vary from white to a rufous-buff of the 

same shade as the chest; the white ends to the tail-feathers 

generally measure 1*2 inches, except in one specimen with wrhite 

under tail-coverts, which has the white ends to the tail 2 inches in 

length. 

Hab. Western Madagascar, south from Mazamba Bay. 

6. Coua verreauxi 
Coua verreauxi, Grand. JRev. et Mag. Zool 1867, pp. 86,417; Gray, 
Eand-l. B. ii. p. 208, no. 8893 (1870); Earth Vdg. Madag. p. 242 
(1877); Milne-JEdiv. § Grand. Hist Madag., Ois. I p. 146, Atlas. 

i. pi. 47 (1879). 
Seiicosomus verreauxi, JSharjpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 612, note. 
Adidt. Upper half of the head and back of the neck ashy grey, 
with the ends of the long crest-feathers dull green; mantle and 
back greenish-shaded grey; quills grey, broadly glossed with vercliter-
blue on the primaries and pale green on the secondaries • tail 
steel-blue, with broad white ends to all but the two centre feathers; 
under surface ashy, passing into white on the abdomen and under 
tail-coverts• on the flanks a few rufous feathers: bare patch 
round the eye small and bright blue • iris red ; bill and legs 
blackish. Total length 14*5 inches, wing 4*9. tail 7*8, tarsus 1*5. 
(Milne-Edibards and Grandidier, Z. c.) 

Hal. The arid plains of South Madagascar. 

7. Coua ruficeps. 
Coua ruficeps, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 454, pi. 115 (1846); Earth Faun. 
Madag. p. 61 (1861); Grand. JRev. etMag. Zool 1807, p. 391, pi.; 
Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 208, no. 8887 (1870) : Hartl. Vdg. Madaa. 

p. 246 (1877, pt). x 
34. COCA. 411 
Sericosomus ruficeps, Cab.tyHeine, Mus. Hem, iv. p. 73, note (1862): 
Sharpe, P. Z. S.1873, p. G14. 
Coua ruficeps typicus, Milne-Edwards 8? Grandid. Hist Madag., Ois. 

i. p. 156, Atlas, I pi. 53 (1879). 
Adult. Above olive-grey washed "with, lilac, very strongly so on 
the lower back and upper tail-coverts; edges of the quills less 
glossed with lilac; tail deep violet-blue, with white ends to the 
three outer pairs of feathers; entire crown chestnut; bare patch on 
the sides of the head indigo-blue, surrounded by black feathers; 
the eyebrow very narrow, the black feathers broadest beneath the 
hinder portion of the bare patch and extending obscurely round the 
nape; chin and upper throat white, shading into buff on the sjdes 
and below; remainder of the underparts rufous-buff, very strongly 
shaded with lilac on the lower throat and fore pait of the chest 
and more slightly so on the flanks and under tail-coverts ; centre of 
the lower breast and abdomen whitish; under surface of the wings 
uniform brownish grey : bill black, with a pale patch on tho base 
of the keel; iris brown ; legs blackish. Total length 15-1 inches, 
culmen 0*9, wing 6-4, tail 9*5, tarsus 2*2. 

Hab. The forests of North-western Madagascar. 

<t. Ad. sk. Madagascar. Edward Wilson, Esq. 
[P.]. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Madagascar {Van Dam). Seebokni Coll. 

d. 2 ad« sk. N.E. Madagascar (Verreaux). Sharpe Coll 
8. Coua olivaceiceps. 
Ooua ruficeps, pi, Grand. Rev. et Mag. Zool, 1867, p. 391; Ha HI. 

Vdg. Madag. p. 246 (1877). 

Sericosomus olivaceiceps, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 615. 

Coua ruficeps, var. olivaceiceps, Milne-Edwards § Grandid. Hist. 

Madag., Ois. i. p. 157, Atlas, i. pis. 6i, 55, 56, 61, 64 (1879). 

Adult (type of species). Yery similar to G. ruficeps, but differs in 
the forehead, crown, and nape being olive-brown, slightly darker 
than the back, with a chocolate-brown shade; abdomen and under 
tail-coverts fulvous-white: bill black, with a small 3 cllow patch on 
tho sides of the base of the keel; irides brown; legs blackish. 
Total length 17*7 inches, culmen 0*95, wing 6*2, tail 9*5, tarsus 

2^2. 
Hal. Madagascar, from Cape St. Andre to the Bay of St. Augustin 
on the west coast. 

a. Ad. sk. S.W. Madagascar, December. M. Grandidier JP.]. 
(Type of species.) 
9. Coua cursor. 
Haliouts ou Harriets, Flacourt, Hist. Madag. p. 166 (1661). 
Coua cursor, Grand. Rev. et Mag Zool 1867, pp. 8(5, 391; Gray, 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 208, no. 8892 (1870); Hartl. Vog. Madag. p. 241 

412 
ctrcuLiD^;. 

(1877) ; Milne-Edtvards Sf Grandid. Hist Madag., Ois. i. p. 158, 
Atlas, L pi. 57(1870). 
Sericosomus cursor, 8harpe, P. Z. S. 1873; p. 613. 

Adult. Above greenish grey, with, the quills and tail violet-
shaded brown, the latter with white ends to all but the four centre 
feathers. Bare skin on the sides of the head indigo-blue, shading 
into violet behind, and with a narrow edging of black feathers; 
chin whitish, passing into yellow on the throat, which is shaded on 
the sides with orange-red ; chest pale lilac; abdomen white; under 
tail-coverts brownish : bill and legs black ; iris red. Total length 
12 inches, culmen 0*95, wing 4*9, tail 7, tarsus 1*8. 

Hab. The arid plains of the western portion of South Madagascar. 

10. Cona cocpiereli 
Ooua 
coquerelli, Grandid. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1867, pp. 86, 391 ; 
Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 208, no. 8891 (1879); Hartl. Tog. Madag. 

p. 237 (1877); Milne-Edw. Mist. Madag. Ois, i. p. 159, pis. 58, 5<) 
(1879). 
Ooua liartlanbi, Grandid. Rev. et Mag. Zool 1869, p. 339. 
Sericosomus coquerelli, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 614. 

Adult. Very similar in plumage to 0. gigas, but much smaller. 
Entire upper parts nearly uniform olive; quills brown, and with 
narrow pale edges ; four centre tail-feathers uniform like the back, 
the remaining three pairs shading into greenish black and having 
white ends; the bare patch round the eye pale blue, but sometimes 
shading into pink behind: the feathers on the sides of the 
head and the underparts closely resembling 0. gig as in colour, but 
the lower breast with an additional pink shade which partially 
extends over the thighs and abdomen: bill and legs black; iris red. 
Total length 14-2 inches, culmen 0*85, wing 5*7, tail 9, tarsus 1*95. 

Hab. The bushy plains of Western Madagascar from Cape Rt. 
Andre to the Bay of St. Augustin. 

a, o. $ $ ad. sk. Madagascar {Tan Dam). Seebohni Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Mourondava. M. Grandidier. 
d, e. tf $ ad. sk. Mourondava (Van Dam). Sbarpe Coll. 
11. Coua gigas. 

Hehoc, FlacottH, Hist Madag. p. 166 (1661). 

Le Coucou verdatre de Madagascar, Month. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 364 
(1770). 
Great Madagascar Cuckow, Lath. Gen. Sgn. B. ii. p. 521 (1781). 
Le Grand Coucou de Madagascar, Daulent. PL Enl. vi. pis. 587, 58K 
(1783). 

Cuculus gigas, Bodd. Tail. PL Enl. p. 56 (1783). 

Cuculus madagascariensis, Gm. Syst. Nat i. p. 416 (1788). 

Coccyzus virescens, VieilL Nouv. Diet viii. p. 279 (1817); id. E?ic. 
Mitk p. 1349 (1823). 
Cuculus (Coua) madagascariensis, Cuv. Regne An. i. p. 425 (1817). 
Madagascar Cuckow, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. iii. p. 276 (1822). 
Coua verdatre, Drap. Diet Class. d'Hist. Nat. iv. p. 561 (1823). 

34 . COUA. 413 
Coua rnadagascariensis, Gray in Griff. An. Kingdom, vii. p. 458 
(1S29); id. List Qen. B. p. 72 (1841); Bp. Consp. i. p. 109 (1850); 
id. Consp. Vol Zi/god. p. 120 (1854) j Hartl J.f. 0.1860, p. 110; 
Grandid. Rev. ei Mag. Zool 1867, p. 392. 

Coceyzusrnadagascariensis, Temm. Tall. MSth. p. 53 (1838). 

Coua g'ig'as, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 454 (1846); id. Hand-L B. ii. p. 208, 
no. 8888; Marti. Vog. Mag. p. 247 (1877); Milne-Edwards # 
Grandid. Hist. Madag., Ois.'i. p. 153, Atlas, i. pis. 51, 52. 02, 63 
(1879). ^ 

Coua (SerisoDius) madagascariensis, Raril. Faun. Madag. p. 02 
(1861). 
Sericosomus gigas, Cab. <§• Heine, Mu$, Hein. iv. p. 72, note (1862): 
Sharjje, P. Z'.S. 1878,^. QIS. 

Adult. Above yellowish brown, darker onfclie forehead and crown, 
much paler on the back of the neck and shaded with olive on the 
back and wings ; centre tail-feathers olive-shaded bronze, deepening 
into greenish black on the outer ones, and with broad white ends 
to all but the four centre ones ; a bare patch on the sides of the head 
indigo-blue, passing into pink behind the eye ; this patch margined 
above by a narrow black band of feathers, and below by a much 
broader one which covers the lores, cheeks, and ear-coverts ; chin 
and upper throat nearly white, deepening into buif on the lower 
throat, and passing into cinnamon on the chest; sides of the body 
and the thighs ashy brown; abdomen and under tail-coverts 
brownish black; under surface of the wings uniform dark brown ; 
dark portion of the under surface of the tail black: bill and legs 
black; iris red. Total length 20 inches, culinen 1*3, wing S-o, 
tail 12-5, tarsus 2-6. 

Hah. The wooded plains of West and South Madagascar. 

a. $ ad. sk. Madagascar, July. Shelley Coll. 
b, e. (S 5 ad. sk.
d. S ad. sk.
e. Ad. sk. 
Madagascar (Van Dam). 
Mourondava. 
Mourondava. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
M. Grandidier [P.]. 
12. Coua delalandii. 

Coceyzus delalandei, Temm. PL Col. 440 (1828) ; Less. TraiU, p. 138 

(1831). 
Cuculus (Coua) delalandii, Cuv. Regne An. i. p. 454, note (1817). 
Coua lalandii, Gray in Griff. An. Kingdom, vii. p. 458 (1829). 
Le Coua casseur d'escargots, Sganz. Mem. Soc. Mies. Hist. Nat. 

Strasbourg, 1840, p. 32. 
Coua Famac-acora, Achermann, Rev, Zool. 1841, p. 209. 
Coua delalandi, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 454 (1846); Bp. Consp. i. p. 109 

(1850); Hartl. J. f. O. 1860, p. 110; Schl Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi,' p. 46 (1864); Grand. Rev. ct Mag. Zool. 1867, p. 392 ; 
Gray. Hand4. B. ii. p. 208, no. 8895 (1870); Milne-Edwards S? 
Grandid. Hist. Madag., Ois. i. p. 152, Atlas, i. pi. 50 (1879). 

Serisomus delalandii, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zyyod. p. 120 (1854). 
Coua (Serisomus) delalandi, Hartl Faun. Madag. p. 62 (1861). 
Cochlothraustes delalandei, Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 74, note 


(1862) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 617; Hartl Vog. Madag. p. 250 
(1877). 

414 
CUCCXIDJE. 

Adult Upper parts deep indigo-blue, glossed with purple on the 
mantle and slightly with green on the wings and tail; tail-feathers, 
with the exception of the four centre ones, with white ends * bare 
patch round the eye indigo-blue, surrounded by black feathers 
which extend over the ear-coverts and cheeks; entire throat and 
front of chest white ; remainder of underparts chestnut, inclining 
to deep chocolate-brown on the under tail-coverts ; bill and le°*s 
Mack ; iris brown. Total length 22-2 inches, culm en l'7,wing 8-8 

tail 12, tarsus 2-9. 
Bob. Eastern Madagascar near Tamatave. 
a. Ad. sk. Madagascar. Seebohm Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Madagascar. Purchased. 

Subfamily IV. NEOMORPHINzE. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Bill stronger and deeper; depth of bill 
greater than half the distance from the 
nostril to the tip. 
a'. Feathers of the forehead not extending 
forward to the nostrils. Oulmen 
broad and rounded near the forehead ; 
nostril a horizontal slit with no overhanging 
membrane 35. CARPOCOCCYX, p. 414. 

b'. Feathers of the forehead^extending forward 
on to the membrane which 
overlaps the nostrils, which are horizontal 
slits. Oulmen much compressed 
towards the forehead 80. NEOMOBPHITS, p. 41 5. 

b. Bill thinner and not so deep; depth of 
bill less than half the distance from the 
nostril to the tip. 
c'. Tail longer, more narrow and pointed . 37. GEOCOCCYX, p. 419. 
d'. Tail shorter and not so pointed, the 
feathers being broader 38. MOROCGCCYX, p. 422. 

35. CAEPOCOCCYX. _ 
Type. 
Carpococcyx, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 56 (1840) 0. radiatus. 

Mange, Confined to Borneo. 

1. Carpococcyx radiatus. 
Calobates radicens, Temm. PI Col. 538 (1832) j 8. Mull Verk. Nat. 
Gesch. Land" en Volkenk. p. 234, note (1839-44); Lota. Sarawak, 

p. 411 (1848). 
Oalobates radiatus, Temm. Tall. Meth. p. 53 (1838). 
Carpococcyx radicens, Gray, List Gen. B. p. 56 (1840) j id. Gen. B. 
ii. p. 460, pL 17. fig. 5 (1845). 
Carpococcyx radiatub, 
Bp. Consp. i. p. 97 (1850); id. Consp. Vol 
Zygod. p. 5 (1854) $ Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 71, note 

36. NE0M0RPHX7S.
(1862); Wallace, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 28; Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 20,5, 
no. 8372 (1870); Skarpe, P. Z. S. 1873, p. G07,fi«y. 10; flflta*. 
CTbc. Borneo, p. 76 (1874); J?>v%. Abhandl. nat. Ver. Brem. v. 

p. 455 (1877); #to^, 2&w, 1877, p. 7, 1878, p. 410; J&cc. ylm 
Mas. Civ. Gen. xiii. p. 452 (1878); Salvad. op. cit. xiv. p. 187 
(1879). 
jNFeomorpliLis radiatus, Sohl. Mas. Paijs-Bas, Cuculi, p. GO (1861). 

Adult. Head black, strongly glossed with violet on the upper 
parts ; neck pearl-grey, shaded behind with green, and passing into 
glossy grass-green on the mantle and outer webs of most of the 
quills; primary-coverts and quills mostly glossy blue-black, strongly 
shaded with lilac-bronze, chiefly so on the secondaries; back rufous-
shaded brown, washed with green at the ends of the feathers; 
upper tail-coverts and tail glossy violet, partially shaded with green, 
especially on the coverts; sides of the head bare and green ; chin 
and upper throat black, less glossed with violet than the crown, 
and abruptly passing into pearl-grey tinted with green on the 
remainder of the throat; the rest of the underparts white, shaded 
with rufous-brown on the sides of the body, abdomen, and under 
tail-coverts, and each feather with numerous concentric dark bars, 
mostly green ; axillaries and under wing-coverts dark rufous-brown, 
with dusky bars ; under surface of the quills black : " bill and legs 
green; iris brown" ( Wallace). Total length 24*3 inches, culrnen 
2-2, wing 9-5, tail 12, tarsus 3*45. 

Hah. Borneo. 

a, b. Ad. st.; c. Ad. sk. Borneo. 
Rajak Brooke [P.], 

d. Ad. sk. Borneo. 
Seebohm Coll. 
e. Ad. sk. Lumbidan (H. T. Ihsher) Tweeddale Coll. 
f. Ad. sk. Sarawak. 
Wallace Coll. 
g. 
Ad. &k. Sarawak, Oct. (A. II. Tweeddale Coll. 
Everett), 
h. $ inim. sk. Baram, July. C. Hose, Esq. [P.l. 
2. Carpococcyx viridis. 
Oarpococcyx viridis, Salvad. Ann. Mas. Civ. Gen, xiv. p. 187 (1879). 
Count Salvadori, in his account of Beccari's collection from Sumatra, 
points out that the Carpoeoccyv from the latter island is 
much smaller and darker than the Bornean bird, and lacks the violet 
reflexions which are mentioned in every description of the latter 
bird. All the adult specimens of G. radiatus and even the young 
birds in the Museum are purple. 

Hob. Sumatra. 

36. 
NEOMOKPHUS. _ 
Type. 
Neomorphus, Gloger in Froriejfs Nbtiz. xvi. p. 278 
(1827) N. geoffroyi* 
Cultrides, Packer. Rev. Zool. 1845, p. 51 N. geoffroyi. 
Range. Central America from Nicaragua to Panama, extending 

to Colombia, Ecuador, Gruiana, Amazonia, and Brazil. 

416 
CITCTTLIM). 

Key to the Species. 

a. Willi a sharply defined, narrow black pectoral 
collar. 
a'. Quills metallic green; abdomen and under 
tail-coverts chestnut. 
a". Mantle, wing's, and upper tail-coverts not 
shaded with lilac (/eoffroyi, p. 416. 
b". 
Mantle, wings, and upper tail-coverts 
lilac : • taliini, p. 417. 

V. Quills not green; abdomen and under tail-
coverts not chestnut pucherani, p. 417. 
b. With no sharply defined black pectoral collar. 
o'. With no pale bars on the plumage riifipennis, p. 418. 
d'. With whitish bars on the mantle and underpays 
radiolosus, p. 418. 

1. Keomorplras geoffroyL 
Ooua geoffroyi, Temm. PL Col. iii. pi. 7. 

(Joccyzus geoffroyi, Temm. Tabl. Meth. p. 52 (1838) ; Stepli. Gen. 
Zool. xiv. p. 205 (1820); Keinuied, Beitr. Natury. Bras. iv. p. 324 
(1833). 

Neomorphus geoffroyi, Glog. in Froriep's Nbtiz. xvi. p. 277 (1827); 
Cab. $ Seine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 01 (18G2); Schl Mus. Pai/s-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 00 (1864); Set. P. Z. S. 1804, p. 249, I860, p. 59 • 
Pek. Orn. Bras. p. 271 (1871); Lawrence, Ibis, 1873, pp. 289, 
294; Sol. # 8alv. NomencL Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873). 

Cultrides geoifroyi, Pucker. Rev. Zool. 1845, p. 51; JDeville, Rev. et 
Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 212 ; Burm. Syst. Ueben. Tk. Bras. ii. p. 258 
(1855). 

Ouculus torq tiatus, III in Mus. Berol.Jide Cab. $• Seine, Mus. Kein. 

iv. p. 01 (1802). 
Adult. Upper half of the head pale rufous, with dark bars and 
blue ends, the latter colour extending over the terminal half of the 
crest; back of the neck rufous-buff barred with green; mantle 
metallic green; feathers of the upper back partially edged with 
rufous-buff; inner quills metallic green, slightly washed on their 
edges with lilac, and gradually passing on the outer primaries into 
blue-black ; centre of the back chestnut, often shaded with green; 
tail-coverts metallic green ; tail lilac, passing into green at the end 
and on the outer feathers; a bare patch round the eye; feathers of 
the cheeks and ear-coverts rufous-buff with dark bars ; throat 
rufous or brownish buff, with broad dark bars and very narrow 
shaft-stripes to the feathers, becoming much more obscure down 
the centre of the throat; at the base of the throat a narrow black 
collar separates it from the more uniform breast, which is ashy on 
the chest, passing into chestnut on the flanks, abdomen, and under 
tail-coverts, the abdomen being generally darker and browner; 
under surface of the quills black; coverts rufous; bill greenish 
yellow, darker towards the base of both mandibles. Length 21 
inches, culmen 1*9, wing 6*8, tail 11, tarsus 2*7. 

Rob. Brazil. 

36. NEOMORPHUS. 
a, b. Ad. sk. Brazil. 
Purchased. 

c. Ad. sk. Brazil. Old Collection. 
d, e. Ad. et imin. Para (J. NaUerer $ A. II Sclater Ooll 
sk. Wallace). 
/, (j. Ad. sk. Bahia (Dr. Wucherer). Salvin-Godinan OolL 

2. Neomorphus salvini. 
Neomorphus balvini, Scl. P. Z. S. 1806, p. CO, pi. 5, 1867, pp. 156, 
295; Salo. Ibis, 1S72, pp. 313,32;] ; ScJ. # /&&. Nomencl. Av. 
Neotr. p. 107 (1873); Lawrence, Ibis, 1873, pp. 201, 295. 

Adult. Yery similar-to AT. yeoffroyi, but differs in the rufous of 

the head and crown being without bars; the feathers of the back 

of the neck and upper back uniform without fulvescent ends; 

greater portion of the wings and the tail-coverts metallic lilac ; the 

back darker brown and very strongly glossed with lilac; the throat 

slightly more ashy and less mottled: " bill light horn-colour, 

clouded in the middle and paler at the edges " (Laivmice). Total 

length 19*8 inches, culmen 2, wing 6*4, tail 11, tarsus 2-75. 

Hah. Prom Nicaragua to Panama, and thence to Colombia and 

Ecuador. 

rt.Ad.sk. Nicaragua (P. Belt). Salvin-G-odman Coll. 

b. J ad. sk. Veragua (E. Arcg). Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
c. Ad. sk. Veragua (K Arce). Sclater Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
d. Ad. sk. Panama. 
Seebohm Coll. 
e. c? ad. sk. New Granada. Purchased. 
/ . Ad. sk. Rio Ootopaza, Ecuador (C. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Buckley). 

3. Neomorplms pucheraiiL 
Oultrides pucherani, 
Deville, Rev. et May. Zool. 1851, p. 211 j Des 
Murs, in Casteln. Exped. Ois. p. 18, pis. 6, 7 (1835). 
Neomorphus pucherani, Cab. fy Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 92, note 
(1862) j Sol. $ Salv. Nom&nd. Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873); ikl 

P. Z. S. 1873, p. 290; Lawrence, Ibis, 1873, pp. 293, 295; Taca. 
Orn. JPerou, iii. p. 183 (1886). 
Neomorphus rufipennis, Scl P. Z. S. 1864, p. 249 (pt.,Upper Amazon). 

Adult. Upper half of the head dark glossy blue, slightly washed 
with olive towards the forehead; back of the neck and mantle 
metallic olive-green, of a darker and more bronzy shade down the 
back and on the upper tail-coverts; primaries purplish blue, slightly 
washed with green and lilac; secondaries deep lilac-shaded rufous, 
mostly with the inner portions blue-black; tail metallic green, 
partially glossed with lilac and darkening almost into black on the 
outer feathers ; a large red patch of bare skin surrounding the eye 
and extending to the bill and margined beneath on the hinder half 
by a band of black feathers; throat ashy brown, passing into white 
towards the chin and inclining to white next to the narrow black 
pectoral band; chest and thighs ashy white; flanks; lower abdomen, 
and under tail-coverts dusky brown; under surface of the quills 

vol. xix. 
2 E 

418 
GVGVLWM. 

bronzy black; under wing-coverts ashy brown: " bill deep carmine, 

the ends of both mandibles and cutting-edges yellow; iris brown " 

(Ilauxwell). Total length 21-5 inches, culmen 2-15, wing (v8, 

tail 10-5, tarsus 2-75. 

Nestling. General plumage dark brown, passing into glossy olive-

green on the crest, which is fully developed; primaries and tail 

glossed with purple, secondaries partially washed with chestnut. 

Hob. Upper Amazons. 

a. <$ ad.; b. <$ Pebas, Eastern Peru, Feb., Salvin-Godman Coll. 
pull. sk. May (J. Ilauxwell). 
c. $ ad. sk. 
Pebas (J. Ilauxwell). Sclater Coll. 
4. KTeomorphus rufipennis. 
Cultrides rufipennis, Gray, P. Z. 8 1849, p. 63, pi. 10. 

Neoniorpkus rufipennis, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem. iv. p. 92, note 

(1862) ; Sel P. Z. S.1864, p. 249 (pt, Guiana), 1866, p. 60 : Peh. 

Orn. Bras. p. 272 (1871); Sol $ Salv. Noinencl. Av. Neotr. p. 107 

(1873); Lawrence, Ibis, 1873, pp. 292, 295; Salvin, Ibis, 1886, p. 63. 

Adult. Upper half of the head and back of the neck blue, passing 
into olive on the mantle, back, and upper tail-coverts; primaries 
purplish blue-black• secondaries mostly deep lilac-shaded rufous, 
generally with an inner portion blue-black; tail metallic lilac-
shaded green, darkening into greenish black towards the ends of 
the outer feathers ; a large red patch of bare skin surrounding the 
eye and extending to the bill, and margined below on the hinder 
half by a band of black feathers; chin and upper half of the throat 
uniform ashy brown, about halfway down the throat the feathers 
gradually assuming bluish-black edges, which widen in extent and 
form a broad uniform blackish basal collar to the throat; chest pale 
brown, darker on the flanks and dusky brown on the abdomen and 
under tail-coverts: the basal two-thirds of the bill black and the 
remainder yellowish green; iris brown; legs olive. Total length 
21*5 inches, culmen 1*8, wing 6'6, tail 11*5, tarsus 2*9. 

Hah. Guiana. 

a. Ad. sk. [Guiana.] 
Purchased. 
b. 2 
ad. sk. Camacusa, British Guiana, Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(J5T. Whitelij), 
5. Keomorphus ra&iolosus. 
Neomorphus radiolosus, Sah. P. Z. S.1878, p. 439, pi. 27. 
Adult. Upper half of the head, back of the neck, and front of the 
mantle glossy greenish black, barred with brownish burl on the forehead 
and front of the crown, and with white or rufous-white on the 
mantle; primaries violet-black • remainder of the back dark lilac-
shaded chestnut; upper tail-coverts olive-green mixed with violet; 
tail bright glossy green, darker towards the end and on the outer 
feathers: sides of the head black, with a dark bare patch round the 

37 . G-E0C0CCYX. 
41 9 
eye; feathers of the undcrparts with very irregular and rather 
broad bars of black and whitish, giving a mottled appearance: 
abdomen and under tail-coverts uniform dusky black, slightly 
glossed with olive ; bill blackish horn-colour, lighter along the end 
half of the edges of the mandibles : " iris brown; legs olive-grey " 

(C. Buckley). Total length 19-1 inches, culmen 
2, wing 6*2, tail 
10, tarsus 275. 
Ilab. Ecuador. 


a. M. 
sk. Intaj, Ecuador (C. Buckley). Salvm-Godman* Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
37. GEOCOCCYX. 
Type. 
Geococcyx, Wagl. Isis, 1831, p. 524 G. mexicanus. 
Leptostorua, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 325 (1887) G. mexicanus* 
Range. Southern United States to California, and extending to 

Mexico and Guatemala. 

Key to the Sjiecies. 

a. Under tail-coverts white 
mexicanus, p. 419. 
b. Under tail-coverts dark brown 
ajjinis, p. 421. 
1. 0-eococcyx mexicanus. 
Phasianus mexicanus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 741 (1788); Walden, Ibis. 
1869, p. 338.^ 
Saurothera californiana, Less. Compl. Buff. vi. p. 420 (1829); id. 
Traite, p. 145 (1831) ; id. Ann. du Mus. 1835, p. 121, pi. 9. 
Cuculus viaticus, LicM. in Mus. Berol.,fide Wagl. Isis, ] 831, p. 524; 
Hartl. Bev. Zool. 1844, p. 215 ; Pucker, op. cit. 1845, p. 51. 
Geococcyx variegata, Wagl. Isis, 1831, p. 524; Gray, Gen. B. ii. 

p. 453 (1847). 
Diplopterus viaticus, Boie, Isis, 1831, p. 541. 
Saurothera bottse, Less. Traite, p. 145 (1831) ; Botta, Nouv. Ann. 
Mus. 1835, p. 121, pi. 9. 
Saurothera marginata, Kauip, Isis, 1832, p. 991, pi. 26. 
Cuculus Yelox, KarwinsM, Munchen Gelehrt. Anzeig. iii. p. 95 (1836). 
Leptostoma longicauda, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 325 (1837) ; Gambel, 

Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. 1843, p. 363. 
Geococcyx mexicanus, StricH. Ann. $ Mag. Nat Hist. viii. p. 544 
(1842); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 453 (1847) ; Cass. III. B. Californ. 

i. p. 213, pi. 30 (1855); Scl Cat. Am. B. p. 324 (1862); id. 
P. Z. S. 1864, p. 177; Gray, Hand-l B> ii. p. 209, no. 8900 (1870); 
Scl. § Salv. NomencL Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873). 
Geococcyx viaticus, Hartl. Bev. Zool. 1844, p. 215; McCall. Proc. Ac. 
Nat. Sc. Phil. iii. p. 234 (1847); Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 453 (1847); 
Hermann, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad^ (2) ii. p. 270 (1853). 

Geococcyx velox, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 453 (1847). 

Geococcyx californianus, 
Baird, B. N. Am. p. 73 (1860); Cab. $ 
Heine, Mtts. Hein. iv. p. 96 (1862); Schl Mus. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 40 (1864); Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 466; Cooper, Orn. Cah 

p. 367 (1870) j Coues, Key N Am. B. p. 189 (1872) ; Baird, N. 
Am. B. ii. p. 472 (1874); Brown, Bull Nutt. Orn. Club, vii. p. 41 
(1882); Bretoster, op. cit. viii. p. 25 (1883); Coues, Key N. Am. B. 
2E 2 

420 
CTJCUZIDM. 

2nd ed. p. 474 (1884); Dreio, Atik,ii. p. 17 (1885) ; Shufeldt. Ibis, 
1885, p. 286, pi. 7• id. R Z. S. 1886, p. 486, pis. 42, 45; A. O. TJ. 
Chech-List, p. 207 (1886); Scott £ Alien, Auk, iii. p. 425 (188G) ; 
Ridgw. Man.?. 272 (1887) : Shufeldt, Proc. U. S. Kat. Mus. 1887, 

p. 385; id. Journ. Anat. Phys. xx. pp. 244, 288, pis. 7-9, xxL 
pp. 101, 102. 
Geococcyx marginatum Gray, Haad4. B. ii. p. 209, no. 8901 (1870). 

Adult. Crown and back of the neck violet-shaded bine-black, 

very much mottled with rufous and with white edges to the 

feathers, the blue 
colouring being almost hidden on the forehead, 

sides of the crown, and back of the neck; feathers of the mantle 

and wing-coverts greener, but similarly edged; secondaries more 

metallic green, with clear white edges ; primaries darker and blacker, 

with a patch of white ; the tip of the outer web of each feather also 

white; back dusky olive ; tail-coverts and two centre tail-feathers 

lilac-shaded bronze with white edges• the remaining feathers 

bluish black, with broad white ends; sides of the head whitish, 

mottled with black and rufous, chin and upper throat with a mottled 

blackish line down each side; lower throat and crop mottled with 

rufous centres to the feathers and rather broad black shaft-btripes; 

under surface of the wings dusky brown, with two white marks on 

the outer webs of the primaries ; " bill black ; iris red; bare space 

round the eye blue, fading into white behind and then a patch of 

orange-redJ? (R. W. Shufddt). Total length 24 inches, culmen 2*1, 

wing 7, tail 12, tarsus 2*4. 

Bab. Texas, Kew Mexico, Southern Colorado, and westward to 

California; south into Mexico. 

a. Ad sk. Texas (Dr. Abadie). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
b. <$ ad. sk. Fort Stockton, Texas, Aug. Salvin-Godinan Coll. 
c,d. c? ad.; e-i. Corpus Cliristi»Texas, Oct.,Dec., Salvin-Godman ColL 
2 ad. sk. March (F. B. Armstrong). 
k, I S ? ad. sk. Papalote, Bee Co., Texas, Jan. Salvin-Godman Coll. 


(F. B. Armstrong). 
m, n. d ad. sk. Ballena, San Diego Co., Cali- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
fornia, Feb., June (F.Stephem). 
o> Ad. sk. California. Purchased, 


p. Ad. sk. California. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q, r, s. Ad. sk. Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
t. Ad. sk. Mexico. J. Phillips, Esq. [P.]. 
v-x. <$ ad.; y, z. Nuevo Leon, Mexico, May Salvin-Godman ColL 
2 ad. bk. (F. B. Armstrong), 
a', b'. S ad. ; c'. Sierra Madre, above Oiudad Vic- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2 ad.sk. ton^l&yi W.B.Richardson), 
d'. 2 ad. sk. Xicotencal, TamauHpas, May Salvin-Godman ColL 

(W. B. Richardson), 
e'. 2 a(*-sk- Soto la Marina, April ( W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson), 

f. S ad. sk. Tamesi, near Tampico, March Salvin-Godman Col. 
(W.R. Richardson), 
g'. <$ ad. sk. Tenango del Valle, Oct. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson), 
h'. 
2 ad. sk. San Salvador, Huejotzingo, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Puebla, Feb. (Ferrari-Perez). 

37. araococcYx. 421 
i', ti. c? ad. sk.
I'. Skeleton.
m'. Skeleton. 
Zapotlan, Jalisco, Pec, April(W. Lloyd 8f W. B. Richardson). 
California. 
Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Purchased. 
Eyton Coll. 

2. Greococcyx affinis. 
(jeococcyx affinis, Ilaril Mev. Zool. 1844, p. 215 ; Gray, Gen, B. ii. 
p. 453, pi. 114 (1847) ; Gambel, Jonm. Ac. Philad. 1849, p. 217 ; 
ticL P.Z.S. 1858, p. 305; id. $ Salv. Ibis, 1S59, p. 134; Sail). 
Ibis, 1801, p. 67; Sri Cat. Amer. B. p. 324 (1862); id.fySah\ 
Nomend. Ac. Neotr. p. 107 (1873); Forbes, P. Z. S. 1877, 
pp. 307, 311; liidgtv. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mm. ix. p. 1G2 (1886); id. 
Man. N. Am. B. 273 (1887). 
Geococcyx mexicanus (nee Gm.), Cab. $ Heme, Mm. Ilein. iv. p. 97 
(pt.; 1862); tichl Mm. Pay ^B as, Cuculi, p. 41 (pt., 1864). 

Adult. Crown black, with terminal twin buff spots to the 
feathers; hack of the neck and mantle rufous-shaded brown, with 
white edges to the feathers ; outer half of the wing-coverts black, 
with broad white margins ; primaries black, with a patch and the 
tip of the outer web of each feather white; secondaries and larger 
scapulars glossy green shaded with lilac and with broad white 
edges; back uniform dark rufous-brown; upper tail-coverts and 
two centre tail-feathers violet-bronze, edged with white; remainder 
of the tail-feathers darker and greener, and with white ends; a 
rather large smooth bare patch on the sides of the head bright blue, 
the feathers in front uniform white; ear-coverts and chin white, 
streaked with brown; beneath buff, with broad black bands down 
the centres of the feathers of the sides of the throat; lower abdomen 
and under tail-coverts dark brown ; under surface of the wings 
dusky brown, with two white marks on the outer web of each 
primary: "iris white" (G. F. Gaumer). Total length 19 inches, 
culmen 1*6, wing (H, tail 11'5, tarsus 2. 

Immature. Only differs from the adult in being slightly duller 
and mottled with brown clown the sides of the throat and breast. 
The under tail-coverts are dark as in the adult. 

IJab. Mexico and Guatemala. 

a. Ad. sk. Mexico. 
Purchased. 
b. Ad. sk. Mexico. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
c. $ ad. sk. Sierra de Alamos, Sonora, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
IUJ(W. Lloyd). 
d. S ad. sk. Presidio, April {A. Forrer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
e,f. $ $ ad. sk. Hacienda S.Marcos, Zapotlan, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jalisco, May (W. Lloyd), 

g. 
2 ad. sk. Volcan de Colima, Dec. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Miehardson). 
h. 
J ad. sk. Xautipa, State of Guerrero, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
July (Mrs. H. II Smith), 
i. <S ad. sk. 
Oaxaca (Fenochio). Salvin-Godman Coll 
h 
$ ad. sk. Los Cerrillos, State of Vera Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Cruz, June (M. Truxillo). 

422 
CTTCTTLID2E. 

I $ ad. sk. Zentla, Huatusco, State of Vera Salvin-Godrnan Coll. 

Cruz, Aug. (Ferrari-Perez). 
m, n, o. S ad. sk. Jalapa, March \F. I). G.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
2?; q. Ad. sk. Peto, Yucatan, April (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Gaumer), 
r, s. Ad. sk. Temax, Yucatan, May (G. F. SclaterColl. 
Gaunter). 
t Ad. sk. Progreso, Northern Yucatan, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Jan. (E. C. J. Devis). 
it. Ad. sk. Izalam, N. Yucatan, Feb. (G. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

F. Gaumer). 
v. g ad. sk. Sierra S. Domingo, Tehuante-Salvin-Godman Coll. 
pec, April 19 ( W. B. Richardir, 
x. <? ; y. ? 
ad. sk. 
s, a', £'. Ad. sk. 
c'. Ad. sk. 
e?', e'. Ad. et juv. 
son). 
Teliuantepec, Feb. (W.
Richardson). 
Guatemala. 
Vera Paz (0. S.). 
Duenas, Sept. (0. S.). 
B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Seebolim Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. 
f',g'. ? ad.sk. San Geronhno, Dec, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(0. S.). 

38. 
MOEOCOCCYX. 
Type. 
Morococcyx, Sclat. Cat Amer. B. p. 322 (1862) .. M. erythropygus. 
Range. From Mexico to Costa Bica. 

1. Morococcyx erythropygus. 
Coccyzus erythropygus, Less. Rev. Zool. 1842, p. 209; Gray, Hand-L 
B. ii. p. 212, no. 8938 (1870). 
Piaya erythropygia, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 457 (1846); Des Murs, 

Icon. Orn. pi. 66 (1848); Scl $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 133; G. B. 

Taylor, Ibis, 1860, p. 118. 
Pyrrlioeoccyx erytliropygius, Bp. Consp. Vol Zygod. p. 6 (1854). 

Morococcyx erytliropygius, Scl Cat. Amer. B. p. 322 (1862); Cab. # 
Heine, Mus. Sein. iv. p. 81, note (1862); Scl. 8f Salv. Komencl 
Av. Neotr. p. 108 (1873); Nutting, Proc. U.S. Wat. Mus. vi. 

p. 386 (1884). 
Gfeococcyx erythropygia, Schl Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 42 (1864). 
Adult. Forehead and crown mottled, the feathers being dark 
brownish purple with pale edges; mantle rather pale brown 
glossed with lilac; back brownish black, with rufous edges to the 
feathers; remainder of the wing greener than the mantle and very 
strongly glossed with olive; upper tail-coverts and tail bronzy lilac, 
mostly composed of narrow obscure bars of green and lilac; the 
tail-feathers, with the exception of the centre ones, with narrow 
white ends; a bare patch round the eye> surrounded by a band of 
black feathers, extending backwards to behind the ear-coverts, 
which itself is surmounted by a whitish eyebrow; beneath rufous 
buff, with pale glossy shafts to the feathers of the chin and upper 
throat; sides of the body strongly shaded with rufous; under tail-
coverts dusky, edged with chestnut; under wing-coverts rufous 

39 . DTPfcOPTERTTS.
buff mottled with grey; nnder surface of tho quills uniform 
slaty-brown: bill yellow, passing into horny-brown round the 
nostrils and culmen ; legs pale brown. Total length 10*1 inches, 
culmen 0-9, wing 3*9, tail 5-7, tarsus 1-4. 

Hah. The same as that of the genus. 

a. Ad. sk. Mexico. 
Purchased. 
b. J ad. sk. San Bias, Terr, of Tepic, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mexico, May (W. B. Richardson). 
c. d. 
$ ad.: e,/. Plains of Colima, Jan. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
5 ad. sk. Richardson), 
g, h, i. Ad. sk. Acapulco, State of Guerrero, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sept. (Mrs. H. H. Smith), 

h. 
Pull. sk. Dos Arroyos (1000 ft.), State Salvin-Godman Coll. 
of Guerrero, Sept. (Mrs. H. 
II. Smith). 
I Ad. sk. Sierra Madre del Sur (Mrs* Salvin-Godman ColL 
H. H Smith), 
m. 
$ &d. sk. San Juan, S. Mexico (R6- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
houch). 
n. 
§ ad. sk. Sierra S. Domingo, Tehuante- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
pec, April (W. B. Richardson), 
o. 5 ad. sk. Ohimalpa, Tehuantepee, March Salvin-Godman Coll. 
( W. B. Richardson), 
p, 
q, r. Ad. sk. Tehuantepee, Feb. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson), 

s. 
Ad. sk. Guatemala. Sclater Coll. 
t. Ad. sk. Laguna, Guatemala, Feb. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(0. &). 
u. A.&. sk. Kio Motagua, Guatemala, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Feb.(0. S.). 
v, w. Ad. sk. Costa Rica (/. Carmiol), Salvin-Godman Coll, 

Subfamily V. DIPLOPTEBINiE. 

Key to the Genera. 

. Bill short; compressed, arched; rectrices 

narrow; upper tail-coverts reaching 

to the middle of the tail 39. DIPLOPTERUS, p. 423. 

, Bill more slender, not compressed, 

straighter; rectrices wide; upper tail-

coverts reaching to the end of the tail. 40. DROMOCOCCYX, p. 425. 

39. DIPLOPTERUS. Type 
Diplopterus, Boie, law, 1826, p. 977 D. na^vius. 
Range. Central America and the greater part of South America, 

1. Diplopterus nsBvius. 
Le 
Coucou tachete" de Cayenne, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 127, pi. 9.fig.1 
(1760); Daub. PL Enlvi. 812, 

CXTCULIDJG. 

Cuculus nsevius, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 170 (1766) ; Vieill Nouv. Diet. 

viii. p. 271 (1817). 
Cuculus piinctulatus, Orn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 414 (1788). 
Ckoehi, Azara, Apimt. (1) ii. p. 26Q (180o); Hartl. Syst. Inded 
Azara, p. 17 (1847). 

Ohiiri, Azara, Apunt. (1) ii. p. 269 (1805) ; Hartl. Syst. Index 
Azara, p. 17 (1847). 
Cuculus gaJeritus, Iff. Abhandl Berlin Ac. 1812, p. 224. 
^""Ooccyzus choclii, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. viii. p. 272 (1817) ; id. Enc. 
Meth. p. 1345 (1823). 
Coccjzus chirm, Vieill. Nouv. Diet vm. p. 273 (1817); 2<7. I«e. 
itf^i. p. 1345 (1823). 
Ooccyzus piinctulatus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. viii. p. 277 (1817). 
Ooccyzus ruficapillus, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. viii. p. 278 (1817) j zVZ. 

^c . IfeT^A. p. 1349 (1823). 
Ooccyzus septorum, Vieill. Una Meth. p. 1343 (1823). 
Ooccyzus n&vius, Vieill. Enc. MSth.]). 1344 (1823); Nemoied, Beitr. 

Nkurg. Bras. iv. p. 341 (1832); Temm. Tabl. Meth. p. 53 (1838) ; 
Pitcher. Mev. et Mag. Zool. 1852, p. 564. 

Diplopterus nsevius, Bote, Ms, 1826, p. 977; GamM, Journ. Ac. 
Philad. 1849, p. 217; Bj). Consp. p. 109 (1850) ; Lawr. Ann. 
Lye. N. Yorh. vii. p. 300 (1801); Burm. Thier. Bras. ii. p. 261 
(1855); JScl. Cat. Amer. B. p. 321 (1862) ; ZSotaud, Ois. Trinidad, 

p. 343 (1866); Gray, Hmul-l. B. ii. p. 209, no. 8902 (1870); Sol § 
Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873) ; Nutting, Proe. U.S. Nat. 
Mm. vi. p. 376 (1883), vii. p. 387 (18b4); Bidgw. t. c. p. 173 ; 
Taez. Orn. Perou] iii. p. 184 (1886); Selater § Hudson, Argent. 
Om. p. 35 (1889). 
Piayansevia, Less. TraiU, p. 143 (1831). 
Diplopterus galeritus, Cab. in Schomb. Beise, iii. p. 713 (1848); 
Burm. Thier. Bras. ii. p. 262 (1856). 
Diplopterus lessoni, Bp. Consp. i. p. 109 (1850) ; Gray, Hand-L B. 

ii. p. 209, no. 8903 (1870). 
Diplopterus excellent, Scl Cat, Amer. B. p. 321 (1862); Gray, 
Hand-l. B. ii. p. 209, no. 8905 (1870). 
Diplopterus ckoehi, Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 209, no. 8904 (1870). 

Adult male. General plumage above pale brown, with dark 
blackish, centres to the feathers ; forehead and crown chestnut, with 
broad brownish-black shaft-streaks to the feathers, bordered by a 
broad buff eyebrow, which extends back to the sides of the nape ; 
nape and mantle fulvous-brown with dark shaft-streaks, broadest 
towards the ends of the feathers; wing-coverts and scapulars very 
similar, being dark brown with broad pale brown or rufous-buff 
edges; lower back and upper tail-coverts more rufous-buff with 
dark shaft-bands; tail more uniform brown, inclining to buff at the 
edges and to white at the ends of the feathers: ear-coverts dark 
brown with slightly paler edges; under surface of the body white, 
shading into buff on the throat, chin, under tail-coverts, and thigh-
coverts ; under surface of the wings white, with the terminal half of 
the quills dusky brown: iris brown; bill yellowish, with a portion 
towards the culmen dark brown; legs brown. Total length 11*2 
inches, culmen 0*75, wing 4*5, tail 7, tarsus 1*35. 


Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
11-2 inches, culmen 1-85, wing 4*3, tail 6*7, tarsus 1*3, 


40 . DROMOCOCCYX. 
425 

Young. Differs from the adult in having the feathers of the 
crown, wings, and tail-coverts tipped with buff. 

Hah. The same as that of the genus. 

a. Ad. sk. 
b. Ad. sk. 
c. d, e. S ad.; /. 
S ad. sk. 
g. 5 imm. sk. 
/?. Ad. sk. 
?. Ad. sk. 
k. Ad. sk. 
l-q. Ad. sk. 
r-u. Ad. sk. 

v, w. $ ad. et 
irnm. sk. 

x. Ad. sk. 
y. Ad. sk. 
Zj a'. Ad. sk. 

V. Ad. sk. 
c'. Ad. sk. 
d'} e'. <$ ad. sk. 
f',g',ti. Ad.sk. 

i'. Juv. St. 

7c'. tf ad. sk. 

Z'. Ad. sk. 

m', n\ Ad. sk. 
or. c? ad. sk. 
y-s \ Ad. etjuv. 

&k. 

t'. Ad. sk. 

«'. Ad. sk. 

v',w', v'.d 5 ad. 

et imm. sk. 

y'~c". Ad. sk. 

Vr. Ad. sk. 

Mexico. 
Playa Vicente, Vera Cruz, 
Dec. (M. Truxillo). 
Teapa, Tabasco, Feb., March 

{Mrs. II II Smith). 
Betalkuleu, Guatemala (0.8.). 
Dueiias, Oct. (0. 8.). 
San Mateo, Costa Rica, April 

(T. Cooper). 
La Barranca, Nicoya, Costa 

Rica, March (K Arce). 
Veragua (F. Arce). 
Panama (J. McLeannan § A. 

Hughes). 
Medellin, Antioquia (T. K. 
Salmon). 

Bogota. 
Babakoyo, Ecuador (L. 
Fraser). 
Balzar Mts., Ecuador (lllingworth). 


Caracas, Venezuela. 
George Town, Demerara. 
Bartica Grove, British Guiana, 


Oct., Jan. (H. Wliitehj). 
Trinidad. 
Cayenne. 
Para, Sept. (F. L. Layard). 
Island of Mexiana, Nov. (A, 

R. Wallace). 
Pernambuco (W. A. Forbes). 
Ypanema, Dec, (J. batterer). 
Bahia (Br. Wucherer). 
Novo Eribourgo, Bio de 
Janeiro (J. Youds). 
Bio Claro, Prov. Goyaz 

(Joyner). 

Chapada, Matto Grosso, May, 

June, Oct. (H. H. Smith). 
Brazil. 
Bolivia {Bridges). 


40. DKOMOCOCCYX. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Mrs. Johnson [P.]. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Zoological Society. 
Purchased. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coil. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Seebohm Coll. 

Type. 

Dromococcyx, Wied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras. iv. p. 351 
(1832) D. phasianellus. 
Geotacco, Verr. Rev. et Mag. de Zool 1849, p. 277 ,. D. phasianellus. 
Range. Erom Mexico, through Central America to Colombia, and 
thence to Brazil. 

CTTCUIIDJE. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Upper parts browner; throat spotted phasianellus, p. 425. 
b. Upper parts blacker; throat without spots pavoninus, p. 427. 
1. Dromococcyx phasiauellus. 
Macropus phasianellus, Spiv, A v. Bras. i. n. 53, pi. 42 (1824). 
Coccyzus pha&ianellus, Steph. Gen. Zool.xir. p. 206 (1826). 
Dromococcyx phasianellus, Neuwied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras. iv. p. 358 

(1832); tie!. Cat. Amer. B. p. 321 (1862); Salvin, Ibis, 1808, p. 486 : 
Scl $ Salv. Nomencl Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873). 
Diplopterus phasianellus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 456 (1847) ; id. Hand-L 

B. ii. p. 209, no. 8906 (1870). 
Geotacco macrourus, Verr. Bev. et Mag. de Zool. 1849, p4 277. 
Diomococcyx mexicanus, Bp. CompA. Bend. xlii. p. 957 (1850) ; 861. 
Cat. Amer. B. p. 321 (1862). 
Dromococcyx rungularis, Laurence, Broc. Ac. PMlad. 1867, p. 238. 
Diplopterus nifigularLs, Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 209, no. 8908 

(1870). 
Diplopterus mexicanus, Gray, Hand-L B. ii. p. 209, no. 8907 (1870). 

Adult male. General plumage above dark brown, with a slight 
green and lilac gloss; forehead dark brown, passing into bright 
rufous on the occipital crest; feathers of the mantle and wings 
with partial pale edges, occasionally forming whitish spots on some 
of the feathers of the wings; upper tail-coverts and tail with small 
white ends to the feathers; a bare patch round the eye, from behind 
which a broad white eyebrow extends down the sides o£ the nape: 
ear-coverts and sides of the neck dark brown ; chin, breast, and 
under tail-coverts white, shaded with rufous-buff on the centre and 
lower throat, where each feather has a blackish shaft-stripe widening 
into snbterrninal spots; under surface of the quills dark brown, 
with the base of the feathers and a partial bar white, like the under 
wing-coverts : iris brown : upper mandible dark brown, paler towards 
the edges of the gape; lower mandible yellowish; legs pale. 
Total length 14-7 inches, culmen 1, wing (x7, tail 9, tarsus ] -35. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
14 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 6-3, tail 9, tarsus 1*25. 
Hal. Prom Mexico, throughout Central America, to Colombia, 
and thence to Brazil. 

a. Ad. sk. Central America. Seebohm Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk.
d. Ad. sk. 
Jalapa (de Oca). 
BuctzotZ; Yucatan (G. T. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Gaimier), 
e,f. Ad. sk. Guatemala. Sclater Coll. 
g, h. Ad. sk. Cobam Jan., Feb. (O. 8.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i, k, I. Ad. sk. Panama (J. McLeannan 8f Salvin-Godman Coll. 
A, Hughes), 
m, n. Ad. et juv. Bogota. Seebohm Coll. 
sk. 
o, p. Ad. sk. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. Brazil. M. Claussen [P.]. 

41 . CKOTOPTTAGA. 427 
r.
s-v.
y. 
J ad. sk. 
Ad. et imm.
sk. 
$ ad. sk. 
Ckapada, Matto Grosso, Nov.
(II. II. Smith), 
Bahia (Dr. Wuclierer). 
Araguay, Oct. (J. Natterer). 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

2. Dromococcyx pavonmus. 
Dromococcyx pkasianellus (nee Spix), Burm. Syst. Th. Bras. ii. p. 260 
(1855). 
Diplopterus pavoninus, Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 270 (1871); Gray, Iland-l 

B. ii. p. 209, no. 8909 (1870). 
Adult male. Similar to D. phasianellus, but differing in the back 
of the neck, mantle, wing- and tail-coverts being black instead of 
brown, and the chin and throat being uniform rufous-buff with no 
dark markings. Total length 9*3 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 5S, 
tail 5*5, tarsus 1-15. 
Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
11*2 inches, culmen 0*9, wing 5*2, tail 6*8, tarsus 14. 
Young. Differs from the adult in having the upper parts, including 
the upper half of the head, nearly uniform black, with broad rufous-
buff shaft-stripes on most of the wing-coverts; throat dusky, chin 
nearly white. Total length 9*8 inches, culmen 0-85, wing 4*8, 
tail 6, tarsus 1*1. 
Hah. Guiana to the Rio Negro. 

a,b. S $ ad. et Roraima, British Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
imm. sk. Jan., June (H. Wliitely). 

c. Ad. sk. Cayenne. Purchased. 
d. S ad. sk. Ariinani, June (/. Natterer). Sclater Coll. 
Subfamily VI. CROTOPHAGINJS. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Bill very deep and compressed ; culmen 
raised above the level of the forehead. 
With no crest. Plumage black 41. UEOTOPUAOA, p. 4:27. 
b. Bill slender, about as deep as it is broad. 
With a crebt of long narrow feathers. 
Nobtrils nearly horizontal, of an elongated 
oval shape, overhung by a membrane 
42. GUIBA, p. 433. 
41. CR0T0PHAGA. rn 
Type. 
Crotophaga, Linn. Syst. Nat. I p. 154 (17G6J C. ani. 
Range. Southern United {States; Central and Southern America; 

Antilles. 

CTTCTJLIDiE. 

Key to the Species. 

a. 
Larger and greener; wing- 8 inches in length, externally 
glossed -with green or steel-blue major, p. 428. 
b. Smaller j glossed with bronze or steel-black ; wing 
not exceeding 6'5 inches, glossed externally with 
violet. 
a'. Culm en with a high narrow ridge ; sides of the 
bill smooth, without grooves or ridges firm, p. 429. 


//. 
Oulminal ridge not so high ; sides of bill with 
several distinct sulcations or grooves following ^ [p. 4.32. 
the line of the culmen sulcirostris, 

1. Crotophaga major. 
Le 
Grand Bout-de-Petun, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 180 (1760); Dcntbent 

PL Mil vi. pi. 102.fig. 1. 
L'Ani des Paletuviers, Buff. Hist. Kat. vi. p. 423 (1779). 
Greater Ani, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. p. 362 (1781). 
Crotophaga major, Gm. Syst. Kat. i. p. 363 (1788); Less. Traite, 

p. 319 (1831)'; Kemoied, Beitr. Kaiurg. Bras. iv. p. 319 (1832); 
Tsclmdi 8f Cab. Faun. Peruan. pp. 40, 250 (1844-40); Gray, 
Gen. B. ii. p. 458 (1845) ; Cab. in Schomb. Iteis. Guian. iii. p. 712 
(1848): Bp. Consp. i. p. 99 (1850); Bvrm. Th. Bras. ii. p. 253 
(1855) ; Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 268; id. Cat Amer. B. p. 320 
(1862); Cab. $ Heine, Mm. Hem. Th. iv. p. 99 (1862); Taylor, 
Ibis, 1864, p. 93; ScM. Mm. Pays-Bas, Cuculi,* p. 47 (1864); 
Liotaml, Ois. Trinidad, p. 358 (1866); Scl. <§* Sab. P. Z. S. 1866, 
p. 195,1867, p. 585 ; Finsch, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 587 ; Gray, Hand-L 
B. ii. p. 210, no. 8912 (1870); Feb. Orn. Bras. p. 268 (1871) ; 
Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 379; Scl. # Salt. Koniencl Ai\ Neotr. 
p. 107 (1873); iid. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 536 ; Sah. Cat. Strickl. Coll. 
p. 443 (1882); Tacz. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 180 (1880). 
Anno Guazu, Azara, Apunt. ii. p. 348 (1805); Hartl. Inch Azara, 
p. 17 (1847). 
Crotophaga americanus, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 380, pi. 51 (1812). 
Crotophaga ani (nee Linn.), Vieill. Gal. Ois. i. p. 35, pi. 43 (1825). 
Adult male. Glossy blue-black, all the feathers of the head, neck, 
mantle, and breast with metallic green edges ; feathers of head and 
neck somewhat lanceolate in shape, lax and divided at the ends ; 
mantle more scale-like in appearance, and on the breast the blue 
and green colouring more diffused; remainder of the wings more 
uniform greenish steel-blue; lower back, upper tail-coverts, and 
tail nearly uniform violet-blue; under surface of the wings glossy 
steel-green: lores and region of eye bare: " bill, feet, and bare 
skin of eye blackish; iris beautiful light green, with a narrow 
yellow ring round the pupil" (Neuwied). Total length 18 inches, 
culmen 1*85, wing 8, tail 10, tarsus 1*65. 

Adult female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length 19*5 
inches, culmen 1*75, wing 7*9, tail 10'7, tarsus 1*65. 
The young has a smaller casque to the bill, is duller in colour, 
with less metallic gloss, and has the iris dark brown (batterer). 

Hah. South America, from Colombia to Peru; throughout the 
valley of the Amazon, northwards to Guiana and Trinidad; unknown 
in Venezuela • throughout Brazil, as far south as La Plata, 

41 . CROTOPKAGU. 
429 

a. Ad. st.; b. Ad.sk. 
South America. J. Gould, Esq. 
c. Ad. sk. South America. Hardwieke Bequest. 
Nichi, U.S. Colombia (T. K Salvin-Godman Coll. 
d. <S ^d. sk. Salmon). 
Medellin, Antioquia (T. K. Seebohm Coll. 
e,f. 
d 2 ad. sk. Salmon). 
Sarayacu, Ecuador (C. Buck-Salvin-Godman Coll. 

y. Ad. sk. 
tyft-

Royal Geographical 

British Guiana. 

7i. Ad. sk. 

Society. 

*, k. tf ? ad. sk. 
Aunai, British Guiana, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(II. WhitehJ).
/. Ad. hk. 
Trinidad. Sclatcr Coll. 

m. 2 a& s^-Bio Capini, June (A. Ii, Sclater Coll. 
Wallace).
/a. Ad. sk. Upper Ucayali, Amazons (JE. Seebohm Coll. 
Bartlett). 
Oj P- 6 2 a<3~ s^* Samiria, Nov. (J. Hauxwell). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
q, r, s. <$ ad.; t, u. Yquitos, Peru, March, Aug,-Seebohm Coll. 

2 ad. sk. 
Oct. (H. Whitely). 

ac**s^


v, to. S 2 
Matto Grosso, Feb. (H. II. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Smith). 
x, y. Ad. sk. Brazil. Sclater Coll. 
z, a'. Ad. sk. Bahia, Brazil (Dr. Wmherer). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

V. 
Skeleton. Santa Cruz, Peruvian AmaE. 
Bartlett, Esq. [P.]. 
zons. 
2. Crotopliaga ani. 
Le Bout-de-Petun, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 177, pi. 18, % 1 (1760). 
Iiazor-billed Blackbird, Catesby, N. H. Carol, ii. App. p. 3, pi. 3 
(1763). 
Crotophaga ani, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 154(1766); Lath. hid. Orn. i. 

p. 148 (1790) ; Vieill. $ Oud. Gal. Ois. i. p. 35, pi. 43 (1825); 
cPO?'b. Hist Nat. Cuba, hi. p. 116 (1830) ; Nemoied, Beitr. Nature/. 
Bras. iv. p. 314 (1845); Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 282 (1847); Cab. 
in Schomb. Pels. Guian. iii. p. 713 (1848); Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 99 
(1850); Burm. Th. Bras. ii. p. 254 (1856); Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, 
p. 234; A. Sr K Newton, Ibis, 1859, pp. 148, 378, pi. 12. fig. 5; 
Cass. JProc. Philad. Acad. 1860, p. 377; Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 72, 
pi. 84. fig. 2 (1860); Scl P. Z. S. 1860, p. 285, 1861, p. 79; id. 
Cat. Amer. B. p. 320 (1860); Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem. Th. iv. 
p. 585, 1869, p. 598; Swidev. (Efv. K Vet.-Ah Fork 1809, p. 600; 
Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 211; Gray, Hand4. B. ii. p. 210, no. 8911 
(1870) ; Wyatf, Ibis, 1871, p. 379 ; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 269 (1871); 
Hamilton, Ibis, 1871, p. 307; Sol P.Z.S. 1871, p. 273; Coues, 
Key N Amer. B. p. 189 (1872); Layard, Ibis, 1872, p. 337; Scl.$ 
Sah. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873); iid. P. Z.S. 1873, p. 296; 
Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 392; Scl § Sah. P. Z. S. 1876, p. 17 ; Baird, 
Brewer, § JRidyw. N. A. B. ii. p. 488 (1874); Lawr. Proc. XT. S. 
Nat. Mus. i. p. 193 (1878) ; id. torn. cit. pp. 273, 449, 487 (1879); 
Scl. Sr Sah. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 536 ; Pidgio. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mies. 
iii. p. 231 (1880) ; Cory, B. Bahamas, p. 118 (1880); Allen, Bull 
Nutt. Orn. Club, v. p. 169 (1880) ; Cory, op. cit. vi. p. 54 (1881); 
430 
CFCULIDiE. 

White, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 019; Coues, Key N. Amer. B. (2nd eel.) 

p. 472, fig. 323 (1884); Cory, P. S. Domingo, p. 100 (1884); 
Ridgw. Proo. U. S. Nat. Mies. vii. p. 172 (1884); id. op. cit. viii. 
p. 577 (1885) ; Taos. $ Perl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 108; Perl. $ Jliering, 
Zeitschr. ges. Orn. ii. p. 161 (1885); Cory, Auk, 188(3, p. 361; 
Tacz. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 180 (1886); A. 0. U. Check-l p. 206 
(1886); Wells, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mies. x. p. 261 (1887) ; Cory, 
Auk, 1887, p. 96; Midgw. Man. N.Am. B. p. 272 (1887); Mater 
& Hudson, Argent. Orn. ii. p. 81 (1889) ; Scl P. Z. S. 1889, 
p. 395 ; Salvin, Ibis, 1889, p. 372, 1890, p. 88. 
f Crotophaga ambulatoria, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 155 (1766): Wald. 
Ibis, 1869, p. 327. 
Petit Bout-de-Petun, Daubent, PL Pnl. vi. pi. 102. fig. 2. 
Lesser Ani, Lath. Gen. Syn. i. p. 360, pi. xiii. (1781). 
L'Ani des Savanes, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 420 (1789). 
The Savanna Blackbird, Browne, Nat. Hist. Jamaica, p. 474 (17S9). 
Anno, Assam, Apunt. ii. p. 344 (1805); Hartl Ind. Azara, p. 17 (1847). 
Orotopliaga minor, Less. Traite, p. 130 (1831). 
Crotophaga rngirostra, Swains. An. in Menag. p. 321,fig. 65 b (1837) ; 

Jard. | Selby,IU. Orn. (n. s.) pi. xli. (1843); Gray, Gen. B. ii. 

p. 458 (1845); Cab. in Sclwmb. lieis. Guian. iii. p. 71 h (1848); Pp. 
Consp. Av.i. p. 99 (1850); Burnt. Th. Bras. ii. p. 2oo (1856) ; Baird, 
B. N. Amer. p. 71, pi. 84. fig. 1 (1860). 
Crotophaga 
lasviiostra, Szvains. An. in Menag. p. 321, fig. 05 a 
(1837); Gray, Gen.P.ilp. 458 (1845); Pp. Consp. ^.i.p . 99(1850). 

Adult. Black, with metallic edges to the feathers of the head, 

neck, mantle, and breast; the edges of the feathers of the head and 

neck of a more coppery bronze shade, and striped on the head and 

throat, owing to the feathers being narrow and forked; on the 

mantle and chest the margin becomes arched and of a steel-blue 

shade; back nearly uniform black; wings and tail more shaded 

with violet and blue; under surface of the body, as well as the 

under tail- and wing-coverts, tinted with violet; under surface of 

the quills glossy blue-black shaded with green ; a large bare 

patch round eye connected with the bill: bill and legs black; iris 

hazel Total length 12*5 inches, length of bill in a straight line 

1-15, wing 54, tail Q'6, tarsus 1*25. 

Ilab. Southern United States, Central America, and West Indian 

Islands, extending over a great portion of South America. 

a, b, c. S ad. sk. St. Vincent, W. L, Feb., Oct. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(F. A. Ober). 
d, e. Ad. sk. Santa Lucia (Semper). Sclater Coll. 
/. (S ad. sk. Santa Lucia, March (Pa- West Indian Commie), 
mittee Brit. A^soc. 
g, 7i.tf $ ad. sk. Tortola, Nov. (C. S. Winch). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
i, k. d $ ad. sk. Virgin Gorda, Dec. (C. S. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Wtnch). 
l-o. Ad. sk. Puerto Rico, Oct. (Dr. Pry- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ant). 
p, q. S ad. sk. Puerto Plata, S. Domingo, Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Dec, June (C. P. Cory). 
r, s. Ad. sk. Haiti. Baron Maltzam [C.]. 
t, u. 6 ad. sk. St. Croix, Jan., July (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll. 

v, w. Ad. sk.

t, y. 5 ad. sk.

z, a'. Ad. sk.
V', c'. Ad. sk.
d'-k'. Ad. sk.

I'. Ad. sk.

m'-r'. Ad. sk.

s'. Ad. sk.

t\ u', v'. S ad. sk.

w', x'i y'. 6 ?
ad. sk.
%', a". (S ad. sk.

b". o ad. sk.
c". Ad. sk.
d", e". Ad. et juv.

sk. '
f". Ad. sk.


</". 2 ad. sk.

h". cS ad. sk.

i". (S ad. sk.

k'\ I", m". $
ad. sk.
>i''. 9. ad. sk.


o". Ad. sk.
p". 2 ad. sk.


o"-t". Ad. sk.

u'!. S ad. sk.

v", w". Ad. sk.
x"-a?. cS 2 ad.
sk.
Z>3, c3. Ad. sk.

ds 

. Ad. sk,
e3. $ ad. sk.

A a2. Ad. sk.

hd. Ad. sk.
i* it3. Ad. sk.


Z3. Sternum.

41 . CROTOPHAGA. 
San Cristobal, Cuba (G. F.
Gaumer). 
Grand Cayman, July ( W. B.

Richardson). 
Bahamas (Blake). 
Jamaica. 
Cozumel Island (G. F. Gau


me?*). 
Holbox Island, Dec. (G. F.
Gaumer), 
Euatan Island (G. F. Gaumer). 
Merida, N. Yucatan, Feb. (E.

C. I. Bern). 
Mina de Ohorcha, Chiriqui

(E. Arce\. 
Isthmus of Panama (J. 
McEeamian). 
Medellin, 
Antioquia (T. K.
Salmon), 

 U.S. Colombia. 
Bogota. 
Santa Rita, Ecuador (C Buckley). 
Babahoyo, Ecuador (B.
Fraser). 


 Chanchamayo, Peru, Aug-.
(JET. WMtehj). 
Yquitos, Peru, March 12 (H.
Whitely). 

 Cosnipata, Peru, May 6 (if.

Whitely). 
Maranura, Peru, Sept. (II 
Whitely). 
Potrero, Peru, Dec. 5 {II.
Whitely). 

 Bolivia. 
Oran, Salta, Arg. Rep., Nov.
12 (E. W. White). 
Brazil.

 Bio Claro, Prov. Goyaz, S.
Brazil (Joyner). 
Bahia (Br. Wucherer). 
Ohapada, Matto Grosso, July,

 Aug., Get. (H. II. Smith). 
Pernambuco (W. A. Foi'bes), 
Ceara, N. Brazil (W. Jesse). 
Para, Lower Amazons, Aug*. 5

(E. B. Bayard). 
Island of Mexiana, Nov. (A.
B. Wallace). 
British Guiana. 
Bartica Grove, British Guiana, 
Jan. & Sept. (EC. Whitely). 
Jamaica.

 4^1 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Goclman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 

 Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Seebohm Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 


 Sclater Coll. * 
Seebokm Coll. 


 Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 
Seebohm Coll. 


 Seebohm Coll. 

 Sclater Coll. 
Forbes Coll. 
Lord Stuart deRothe


say [P.]Salvin-
Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 Seebohm Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Philip Gosse, Esq. 

[o.]. 

432 
CUCTTLID^l. 

3. Crotopliaga sulcirostris. 
Crotophaga biileirostris, Swains, PJdlos. Mag. (n. &.) i. p. 440 (1827); 
Grau Gen. B. ii. p. 458 (1845) ; Cass. Proc. Philad. Acad. 1848, 


p. 91; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 99 (1850) ; Scl P. Z. S. 1856, g. 309 ; 
Moore, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 59; Scl t. c. pp. 368, 388 ; Scl $ Sah. 
Ibis, 1859, p. 135; Scl. P. Z. S. 1800, pp. 285, 297; G. C. Taylor, 
Ibis, 1800, p. 118: Scl Cat. Amer. B. p. 320 (1862): Cab. § 
Heine, Mus. Hein. iv. p. 101 (1862); ScM. Mus. P.-B. Ouculi, 
p. 47 (1863); Scl £ Salt. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 280, 1868, p. 175, 
I860, p. 148; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 211; Scl £ Sah. t. c. p. 837; 
Gray, Iland-l. B. ii. p. 210, no. 8913 (1870); Scl. # Salv. 
Nomencl Av. Neotr. p. 107 (1873); Taczan. P. Z. S. 1874, p. 548, 
1877, pp. 328, 753 ; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 47 ; Taczan. P. Z. S. 
1879, p. 240, 1880, p. 210; Ridqiv. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas. iii. 
pp. 219, 233 (1880) ; Nutting, op. *<&.*%. pp. 401, 498, 546 (1882); 
id. op. cit. \i. pp. 376, 387, 395 (1883); Boucard, P. Z. S. Ib83, 
p. 454; Salv. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 426; Cones, Key N. Am. B. 
p. 472 (1884); Taczan. $ Berl. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 118; A. O. U. 
Check-l p. 207 (188G); Taczan. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 181 (1886); 
Ferrari-Perez §* Ridqw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 162 (1887) ; 
Ridgw. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 272 (1887); Lloyd, Auk, 1887, 
p. 190; Salvin, Ibis, 1889, p. 372. 
Crotopliaga casasii, Less. Toy. Coquille, i, p. 619 (1826); id. Man. 
Om. ii. p. 134 (1828) ; id. Cent. Zool. pi. 11 (1830); Tschudi $> 
Cab. Faun. Peruan., Aves, p. 41 (1855). 

Crotopliaga sulcirostra, Swains. An. in Menag. p. 322 (1837). 
Crotopliaga semisulcata, Swains. An. in Menag. p. 346 (1837). 
Crotopliaga sulcata, Licht. in Mus. Be) ol (teste Cab.fy Heine, Mus. 

Hein. iv. p. 101). 
Crotopliaga rugirostris (nee Stv.), Scl. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 359. 


Adult. Similar in plumage to C. ani, but differs in the bill, which 
has three or four ridges on the upper mandible parallel to the 
eulmeii, and a few straight ridges on the lower mandible. Total 
length 13*4 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 5*7, tail 8*3, tarsus 1*3. 


Nestling. Black, glossed on the wings and tail with violet-blue. 
IIah. Rio Grande Yalley and Central America from Mexico to 
Panama, extending into Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. 


a-t. 
c? $ ad. sk. Brownsville, Texas, Jan., April, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
May (F. B. Armstrong), 
m, n. Ad. sk. Mexico. Purchased. 


o. Ad. sk. Mazatlan, Feb. (F. BiscJiqf). Salvin-Godman Coll. 
P) q> d S ad. sk. Presidio de Mazatlan, Dec. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(A. Forrer). 
r. <$ ad. sk. 
San Bias, Terr, of Tepic, April Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(W. B. Richardson). 
st t. <$ J ad. sk. Bolanos, Jalisco, Feb. (W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson). 
w-y. <S ? ad. et Santana, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
imro. sk. Feb., March (W. Lloyd). 
«, a', <$ $ ad. sk. Santiago, Manzanillo, Colima, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
June ( W. Lloyd). , 
b\ c', d'. $ ad. sk. Putla, May, Sept. (Reboiteh). Seebohm Coll. 
*',/'-<$ ?ad. sk. Epatlan, Canton de Matamo- Salvin-Godman Coll. 

ros, Nov. (Ferrari-Perez). 
&'~rf.& $ad. sk. Nuevo Leon, May, June Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Armstrong). 
42 . GTJIKA. 433 
y\ <S ad. sk. 

s', «". d ? ad. sk. 

6". d* ad. sk. 

c". d1 ad.; <T, <?". 

$ ad. sk. 
/V - dSad.sk. 
A", a". cS 2 ad. sk. 

/J", Z", m". <J ad. 
sk. 
ri', o",p". Ad. et 
imm. sk. 
q". Ad. sk. 

/'~w". Ad. sk. 
v". Ad. sk. 

^'7~c3. Ad. et juv. 

sk. 
cP. Ad. sk. 
c3, f. Ad. sk. 
//.Ad. sk. 
A3. S ad. sk. 

^, &3. c? ad. sk. 
/•3, w3. Ad. sk. 
w3. Ad. sk. 


o, P% ?3. d $ ad, 
sk. 
r3. 2 ad. sk. 

sz, t\ Ad. sk. 
?^3. Ad. sk. 
vz. Ad. sk. 


to3, #3, y. Ad. sk. 
z\ Ad. sk. 

a4, 54. 6 ? ad. sk. 

c4, d>} e\ S ad. sk. 

Tehuantepcc, March 1 (W, B. 

Richardmn). 
Sierra Madre, above Ciudad Victoria, 
April, May (W. B. R.). 
Xicotencal, Tamaulipas, May 

(W.B.R.). F J 
Tainpico, Fob. (1KB. R.). 

Vera Cruz, Feb. (W. B. R.). 
Teapa, Vera Cruz, Feb. (Mrs, 

H. II. Smith). 
Jalapa, Jan., Marcli (F.I). G.). 
Jalapa (de Oca). 

Buctzotz, Yucatan, April (G. 

F. Gamner). 
Peto, Yucatan,April(£. F. G.). 
Yzarual, N. Yucatan, Jan. (G. 

F. G.). 
Cozumel Island (G, F. G.). 
Holbox Island {G. F. G.). 
Mugeres Island [G. F. G.). 
Meco Island (G. F. G.). 
Orange Walk, British Hondu


ras, Dec. (<?. F. G.). 
D uenas,Guatemala, Aug. (O.S.). 
Guatemala. 
San Jose, Costa Rica, (J. Car


miol) [Sm. no. 33503]. 
Oalovevora, Veragua (E. 
Arci). 
Santa Marta, April (F. A. A. 

Simons). 
Intac, Ecuador (61 Buckley). 
Babahoyo (L, Eraser). 
Guayaquil. 

Peru. 
Payta, Peru, Jan, (A. H. 
Markham). 
Callao, Peru, Sept. (A. H. 
Markham). 

Tambo Valley, S.W. Peru, 
Oct. (Jff. WMtely). 

42. GUIRA. 
Guira, less. TraiU, p. 149 (1831) 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll, 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Sclater Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll* 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Sclater Coll. 
Capt.Kellett &Lieut. 
"Wood [P.]. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 

Type. 

G. guira. 
Octopteryx, Kaup, Die Vog. Sysb. besehr. p. 25 (1836) 
Ptiloleptus, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 323 (1837) , 
G. guira. 
G. guira* 
Range. Brazil and Paraguay. 
1. Ghiira guira. 

Le Coucou hnpe* du BrSsil, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 144 (1760). 

Cuculus guira, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 414 (1788). 

VOL. xix.

 2 

434 CXTCTrilDJL 

Piririgua, Assam, Apnnt. (1) ii. p. 340 (1805) j Hartl. Syst. Index 

Assara, p. 17 (1847). 
Crotophaga piririgua, Buff. Nat. Mist. Ois. vi. p. 407 (1780); VieilL 
Enc. Mtth. p. 1350 (1823); id. $ Oud. Gal Ois. i. p. 3G, pi. 44 
(1825); GuSrin, Icon. Ois. pi. 31. 

Coccyzus guira, Neuioied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras. iv. p. 335 (1832); 
Te?nm. Tail Meth. p. 53 (1838) ; Quoy $ Gaim. Voy. Uranie, 

p. 114, pi. 26 (1824). 
PLiloleptus cristatus, Sivains. Class. B. ii. p. 328 (1837). 
Guira piririgua, Strickl. Ann. & May. Nat. Hist. 1841, p. 36; Scl. 
Cat. Am. B. p. 320 (1862); Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 210, no. 8910 
(1870); Scl. 8? Salv. Norn. Av. Neotrop. p. 107 (1873); Sclater § 
Hudson, Argent. Orn. ii. p. 32 (1889).^ 

Diplopterus guira, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 456 (1847). 

Ptiloleptis guira, Barm, Syst. Uebers. Th. Bras. ii. p. 257 (1855). 

Guira cristata, Bp. Consp. Vol. Zygod. p. 6 (1854). 

Qctopteryx guira, Cab.ty Heine, Jlus. Hein. iv. p. 08 (1862). 

Adult male. General plumage above dark brown and buff; bead 
and neck buff, shading into pinkish rufous on the forehead and crest 
and with narrow black shaft-stripes to the feathers, broadest on the 
longest crest-feathers and those of the back of the neck; mantle 
and scapulars dark brown with fulvous shaft-stripes; remainder of 
the wing brown, dark internally, and passing into buff on the outer 
feathers; all the wing-coverts broadly edged with buff; back white, 
passing into buff on the upper tail-coverts and basal half of tbe tail; 
remainder of the tail brownish black, with a green gloss and with 
broad white ends to all but the centre feathers ; under surface pale 
buff, with narrow black shaft-stripes on the* throat; under surface 
of wings whitish buff, shading into brown on the middle and end 
half of the quills: "bill and iris yellow; legs grey" (Alcai Ptel). 
Totil length 16 inches, culmen 1*3, wing 7*4, tail 9*7, tarsus 1-05. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 15 
inches, culmen 1*3, wing d*9, tail 9*2, tarsus 1*45. 
Hob. The same as that of the genus. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Chili. Seebohrn Coll. 
c\ d ad. sk. Mendoza (E. C. Reed). Seebohm Coll. 
d. d ad. sk.
e, f. 3 ad. sk.
g. d ad. sk.
A, i. d ad. sk.
k, I. Ad. sk. 
Pampas Argentinas (Leybold). 
Oonehitas, Buenos Ayres, Sept.
(W. H. Hudson), 
Salta, Arg. Sep, Oct. (E.
W. White). 
Uruguay, June, Aug. 
Brazil. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Forbes Coll. 
Alan Peel, Esq. [P.1 . 
Sclater Coll. 
m, n. Ad. sk. Brazil. 31. Olaussen [P.J. 
o. Juv. sk. NovoFribourgo, Riode Janeiro Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(J". Youds). 
p,q.d 2 ad. sk. Chapada, Matto Grosso (H. H. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Smith), 
r. d ad. sk.
s, t. Ad. sk.
u. d ad. sk.
v. d ad. sk.
w. Skeleton. 
Ypanema, May (J. Natterer). 
Peraambuco (W. A. Forbes). 
Oeara, March (W. Jesse). . 
Island of Mexiana, Jan. (A.
JR. Wallace), 
Para. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Purchased. 

MTTSOPHAGTDJR.

Family MUSOPHAGIDJE. 

(By Q. E. SHELLEY.) 

Eeet semi-zygodactyle, the fourth or outer toe capable of being 

turned either backwards or forwards. 
Palate desmognathous. 
Basipterygoid processes absent. 
Hallux present, connected with the flexor longus hallucis, not 

with the flexor perforans 
digitorum, which leads to the second, 

third, and fourth digits. 
Tail-feathers ten. 
Pterylosis: spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck by lateral 

bare tracts, but with no interscapular fork. 
Confined to the Ethiopian Eegion. 

On a peculiar colouring-matter, Turadii, discovered by A. H. 
Church in the feathers of the Touracous, see Philos. Trans, vol. 159 
(1869), p. 627. 

Cf. 8cMlow, J.f. 0. 1886; pp. 1-77. 

Key to the Genera. 

a. Nostrils concealed 
1. TUBACUS, p. 435. 
b. Nostrils exposed. 
a'. Nostrils oval, not placed in a groove and 
not nearer to the forehead than to the tip 
of the bill. 


a". Bill small and black; base of admen 
hidden by feathers; with crimson on the 
quills as in Turacus '2. GALLIBEX, p. 4 l(>. 

b". Bill larger, red and yellow; entire bill 
exposed. 


a'". Bill broad, culmen rounded and not 
compressed behind the nostrils; with [p. 447. 
crimson on the quills as in Turacus.. 3. MUSOPHAGA, 

b'". Bill flattened, culmen compressed 
throughout its length; with no crim- [p. 440. 
son on the quills . 4. CORYTHJEOLA, 

b'. Nostrils linear, placed in a partially curved 
groove and nearer to the forehead than to 
the tip of the bill; with no red or blue on 
the plumage. [p. 450. 

c". Front half of the bead feathered 5. SCHIZORIIIS, 
d". Front half of the head bare 6. UYMNOSCHIZOEHIS, 

[p. 455. 
1. 
TUEACUS. -™ 
Type. 
Turacus, Cuv. Legons WAnat Camp. i. tab. 2 
(1800) T. macrorliynchus. 
Touraco, LacepMe, Mem. Inst. Paris, iii. p. 504 
(1801) 
• T. macrorhynchiib. 
2*2 

43 6 MUSOPHAGlDiE. 
Type. 
Corythaix, III. Prodr. p. 202 (1811) T. leucotis. 
Oprothufl, Vieill Analyse, p. 20 (1816) T. erythrolophus. 
Corytkrix, Flem. Phil Zool. ii. p. 250 (1822). 
Spelectos, Wagl. Syst. Av. Spelectos, fol. 8, p. 3 
(1827) T. corythaix. 

liaivje. Confined to Tropical and Southern Africa. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Anterior half of crown grass-green. 
a'. Crest bottle-green; with a white patch on 
sides of neck leucotis^ p. 436. 
//. Crest uniform green with no white or red tips. 
a". With a partially defined black band under 
the eye and a strongly marked white one. persa, p. 437. 
b". With a strongly marked black band under 
the eye and only a slight streak of white 
underneath (often absent) buffom) p. 438. 

</. Crest uniform green, tipped with white. 
c". Metallic portion of back and wings green. 
a'". With the tail violet-blue, contrasting 
with the back and wings; crest 4 inches 
, in length sckalowi, p. 439. 
b'". WTith the tail green ,• crest-feathers not 
2*5 inches long. 

«4. With an elongated crest. 
a5. Tail bluer than back livingstoni, p. 439. 
h5. Back bluer than tail reichetiowi, p. 440. 
¥. Crest evenly rounded corythaix, p. 440. 
d". Metallic portion of the back and wings blue 
like the tail schuetti, p. 441. 

d\ Crest uniform green, tipped with black and 
with a white subterminal bar on each of the [p. 441. 
feathers macrorhynchus, 

e'. Crest uniform green, tipped with red meriani, p. 442. 
/' . Crest green and red, tipped with white ... . fseheri, p. 443. 


h' Anterior half of crown not green. 
g'. Upper half of head red, crest tipped with [p. 444. 
white erythrolophus, 
h'. Forehead and crown violet; crest white leucolop7ms} p. 444. 
i'. Entire upper half of head steel-blue, with a 

white patch in front of the eye hartlaubi, p. 445. 

1. Turacus leucotis. 
Le Touraco d'Abyssinie, Buff. Nat. Ois. vi. p. 386 (1783). 

Corythaix leucotis, Bilpp. Neue Wirb., Vog. p. 8, pi. 3 (1835-40); 
Cab. 4" Heine, Mm. Kein. iii. p. 99 (1860); Fimch, Trans. Z. S. 
vn. p. 276 (1870); Heugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. p.701 (1871) : Starve, 
Cat. Afr. B. p. 11 (1871) j Schalow, J. f O. 1886, p. 41. 

Turacus leucotis, Mipp. St/st Uebers. p. SO (1845) • Gray, Gen. B. 

ii. p. 395 (1845); Riipp. Arckf. Natury. xvii. p. 321 (1851) ; Gray 
Hand-l B. ii. p. 125, no 7857 (1870) ; Blanf. Geol 8f Zool Abyss 
p. 316 (1870) ; Eeugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. cliii (1872); Antzn. £ 
1. TURACirs. 437 
Salvad. Viagg, Bogos1 p. 51 (1873) ; Salvad. Ann, Mus. Genov. (2) 

i. p. 97 (1884); id. op. cit. (2) vi. pp. 215, 529. * 
Musophaga leucotis, Schl § Westerm. Toerako's, p. 13, pi. 5 (I860); 
Schl. Mus. Bays-Bas, Onculi, p. 75 (1804). 

Adult male. Head, neck, and chest glossy grass-green, shading 
into deep bottle-green on the crest; a large white spot in front of 
the eye, followed by a small blackish patch on the cheek; bare skin 
round the eye red, edged in front and below by a few small black 
feathers ; behind the ear-coverts a silky white patch, extending 
on each side of the throat; back and wings blue-grey, glossed 
with green and pale blue; tail similar, but darker; quills, with 
the exception of the outer one, bright crimson, with their edges 
and shafts black; remainder of the under surface of the body, 
under tail- and wing-coverts ashy grey, the latter slightly mottled 
with green : iris hazel; bill yellow; legs black. Total length 
15*3 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6*3, tail 8, tarsus 1*7. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 15 
inches, culmen 1*1, tail 7*3, tarsus 1-6. 

Hah. Confined to North-east Africa, where it ranges from Bogos 
throughout Abyssinia to Shoa, but has not been recorded from 
further south. 

a, h. Ad. sk. Bogos-Land (JEsler). Shelley Coll. 

0. J ad. sk. Anseba Valley, Aug. W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
d, e. S ad. sk. Bejook, July (W. Jesse), Tweeddale Coll. 

f. Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Edward Wilson, Esq. 
PP.]


g. Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Purchased. 
h. S ad. sk. Mishek, S. of Antalo, May. W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
[C]


i, h. 6 S ad. sk. Shoa, Dec. (Sir W. Harris). India Museum. 

1. Ad. sk. White Nile. Gould Coll. 
2. Turacus persa. 
Crown Bird from Mexico, Albin, Nat. Hist. B. ii. p. 18, pi. 19 (1738). 
Le Coucou vert hupe de Guin£e, Briss. Orn. iv. p. 153 (1760). 
Cuculus persa, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 171 (1766); StricH. Contr. Orn. 

1851, p. 161; Walden, Ibis, 1869, p. 335. 
Touraco, Lath. Gen. Syn. B. ii. p. 545 (1782); Edwards, Nat. Hist. B. 

i. pi. 7 (1803). 
Opsethus africanus (nee Lath.), Shaw, Gen. Zool ix. p. 63, pi. 15 
(1815). 
Turacus persa, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395, pi. 97. fig. 1 (1845) • Bp. 
Consp. i. p. 87 (1850); Bilpp. Arch. f. Naturg. xvii. p. 319 
(1851); Jurd. Contr. Orn. 1852, pp. 69, 72; Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. 

p. 125, no. 7852 (1870); Bouvier, Cat. Marche $c. p. 27 (1875). 
Musophaga persa, Temm. Tall. M&th. p. 51 (1838); Schl. J". /. O. 
1854, p. 462 ; id. Sf Westerm. ToeraMs, p. 16, pi. 9 (1860); Sehl. 
Mm. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 76 (1864). 

Corythaix persa, Hartl. J. f. O. 1854, p. 125,1855, JD. 361; id. Orn. 
W.-Afr. p. 156 (1857); Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 193; id. Cat Afr. B. 

43 8 
MTTSOPHAGIDuE. 

p. 11 (1871); Beielien. J. f. 0. 1877, p. 14; Bocage, Orn. Angola, 
p. 541 (1881) ; Sehalozo, J. f. 0.1886, p. 21. 
Admit male. Head and neck grass-green; back, wings, and tail 
glossy violet; quills, with the exception of the outer one, bright 
crimson, with the edges and shafts black; bare ocular patch scarlet, 
with a baud of white feathers in front and below, this being divided 
by a patch of black feathers on the cheek; front and centre of chest 
grass-green like the neck: remainder of the body and the under 
tail-coverts violet-shaded black; under surface of quills like the 
upper surface; under wing-coverts dark brown, partially washed 
with green: bill deep olive, inclining to yellow on the edges; iris 
hazel; legs black. Total length 15*7 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6*5, 
tail 8, tarsus 1*6. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 17 
inches, culmen 1*1, wiug 7, tail 8-2, tarsus 1*65. 
Hal. Confined to West Africa, where it ranges from Senegambia 
to the Congo. 

a. Ad. sk. Casamance. 
Sharpe Coll. 
b, c. Ad. sk. Ashantee. Godfrey Lagden.Esq. 
[RV 


d. Ad. sk. Gold Coast. Shelley Coll. 
e, f. Ad. sk. Fantee. Sharpe Coll. 
q. Ad. sk. Accra; Feb. (T. & Buckley). Sharpe Coll. 
h. Ad. sk. Denkera {IL T. Ussher). ' Shelley Coll. 
i Ad. sk. River Niger. T. Thompson, Esq. 
[p.]k, 
1, m. Ad. sk. Cameroons Mts.,Feb. (A. Cross- Sharpe Coll. 
leg), 
n, o. Ad. sk. Gaboon. Shelley Coll. 

p. 
$ ad. sk. Landana, River Congo, Feb. Shelley Coll. 
(Z, Petit). 
3. Turacus Tbuffoni, 
Le Touraco BufTon, Levaill. Hist. JSTaf. Bro7neroj)s, p. 33, pi. 17 (1806). 
Opaethus buffonii, Vieill Noiw. Diet xxxiv. p. 304 (1819): id. JEnc. 
Meth. p. 1597 (1823). 

Corytliaix buffoni, Jar dine § Selby, III. Orn. pi. 122 (1825); Earth 
Orn. W.-Afr. p. 156 (1857); Sharpe fy Bouvier, Bull Soc. ZooL 
France, i. p. 50 (1876); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 541 (18^2); 
Schafoto, X f. 0. 1886, p. 24; Beielien. J.f. 0. 1887, pp. 299, 302. 

Speloctob per&a (nee Linn.), Wagler, Sgst.Ao. Spelectos, sp. 2 (1827). 
Corytliaix purpureus, Cuv., Less. Traits, p. 124 (1831); Earth J. f, 0. 

1854, p. 125; Beichen. J. f. 0.1875, pp. 1, 48. 
Corytliaix senegalensis, Swains. B. IF. Afr. i, p. 225; pi. 21 (1837). 
Turacus persa, pt., Bp. Consp. i. p. 87 (1850). 
Turacus bufToni, Biipp. Arch.f. Naturg. xvii. p. 320 (1851); Earth 

op. cit. xviii. p. 20 (1852); Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, pp. 73,79. 
Turacus purpureus, J. § E. Terr. Bev. et Mag. Zooh 1851, p. 258 • 

Bouvier, Cat. Marche $c. p. 27 (1875). ' 
Musophaga rneriani (nee Biipp.), Schh J. f. 0. 1854, p. 462. 
Musophaga purpurea, Schl. $ Westerm. Toerako's,^. 17, pi. 10 (1860). 

Adult male. Similar to T. persa, but differs in having a broad 

1. Ttriuctrs. 
439 
jet-black band beneath the eye and no white band beneath it. 
Total length 16 inches, culmen 1-1, wing 7*3, tail 85 tarsus 1-6. 

In a specimen from the Gambia there is a narrow white line 
beneath the black band on the side of the head. The specific value 
of this form is further rendered more doubtful from its range being 

the same as that of T. persa. 
Hob. West Africa, from the Congo to Senegal. 
a. <$ ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk. 
Senegal. 
River Gambia. 
Eiocour Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
4. Tnracus schalowi *. 

Corythaix livingstoim (nee Gray), Monteiro, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 92 • 
Socage, Jam. Lisb. 1867, pp. 142, 335, 1870, p. 347; Fi?isch § 
llaril. Fog. Ostafr. p. 477, pi. 8 (1870, pt.); Sharpe, Cat. Afr, 

B. p. 11 (1871) ; Socage, Orn. Angola, p. 132 (1877); Sharpe, ed. 
Bayard's B. S. Afr. p.* 143 (1875-85, pt.); Schalow, J.f. 0. 1885, 
pi. 5. fig. 3, 1886, p. 26, 1887, p. 232 ; Matschie, t. c. pp. 136, 
149; Sbttza, Jorn. Lisb. 1889, pp. 44,122. 
Corythaix schalowi, Meichen. J.f 0.1891, p. 5. 

Adult female. Head, neck, and chest grass-green, with the ends 
of all the feathers of the crest and nape white; bare skin round the 
eye bright red, bordered in front by a white band from the lores 
and below by short black feathers, which widen into a patch across 
the cheek; from behind the black patch on the cheeks extends a 
white band to beyond the ear-coverts ; back and wings glossy green, 
partially washed with blue • quills crimson and black as in all the 
species of the genus; tail violet, much bluer than the back• lower 
breast, abdomen, thighs, under tail- and wing-coverts dusky slatecolour, 
partially washed with glossy green : iris brown• bill orange; 
legs black. Total length 17 inches, culmen 1*0, wing 6*8, tail 7*5, 
tarsus 1*5, crest 4. 

Eab. Mossamedes and Benguela to the western shores of Lake 
Tanganyika. 

a. Ad. sk. Benguela. Monteiro Coll. 
b. 
$ ad. sk. Biballa (Anchieta). Shelley Coll. 
(Type of species.) 
c. $ ad. sk. Biballa (Anchieta). Sharpe Coll. 
5. Turacns livingstoni. 
Opaetus africanus (nee Lath), Biancmii, Spec. Zool. Mbsamb, fasc. 
iii. p. 34 (1850, pt.). 
Turacus livingstonu, Gray,P.Z.S. 1864, p. 44; id. Eand-l. B. ii. 
p. 125, no. 7851 (1870) ; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 309. 
Corythaix livingstonii, Kirk, Ifos, 1864, p. 328; Finsch $ Earth 
tog. Ostafr. p. 477 (1870, pt); Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. 

p. 143(1875-85); Fisch. § Reichen. J.f. 0. 1880, p. 141; Tria* 
Dr. Beichenow has sent me an advance sheet of the April Heft of the 
* Journal Mr Omithologie,' and I find that he has also discovered that the 
Benguela bird is distinct. I have suppressed the name which I had given 1o 
it, and have substituted that of Dr. Reiolienow, 
440 M.TJSOPHAGHD.2B. 

tram. Ibis, 1889, p. 225; Dubois, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat Belg. iii. 

p. 147 (1884). 
Corythaix cabanisi, Menken. J. f 0. 1883, p. 221; Fisch.J.f. 0. 
1885, p. 123; Heichen. 8f Schaloiv, J. f 0. 1885, p. 460, pi. 5. 
fig. 4; Schalow, J.f. 0. 1886, p. 29. 

Adult. Yery similar to T. sclutlowi, but with, the tail greener and 
the crest shorter. Total length 16 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6*9, 
tail 8-5, tarsus 1*6, crest 2*4. 

Hal. Confined to East Africa, where it ranges from the Ugogo to 

the Zambesi. 
a. Ak. st. Zambesi (Sir J. Kirk). Livingstone Exped. 
(Type of species.) 
b. Ad. sk. Zambesi (Sir J. Kirk), Livingstone Exped. 
c. Ad, sk. Zambesi. Sir John Kirk [P.], 
d. e,f. Ad. sk. Ugogo (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 

6. Turacus reichenowi. 
Corythaix reichenowi, Fischer, Orn. Centralbl 1880, p. 174 ; Fisch. 
J.f 0. 1881, pp. 80, 109, 1885, p. 123, pi. 5. fig. 5; Schalow, 
J.f. 0.1886, p. 30. 
Adult. Similar to T. Uvingstoni, but distinguished from it and 
from T. schalowi by having the crest-feathers more evenly graduated 
as in T. corythaix, and the back and wings bluer than the tail. 
Total length 17*7 inches, culmen 1, wing 7*1, tail 7*8. 

Hah. ISTguru Mountains, East Africa. 
This species I have not seen, and I greatly doubt its distinctness 
from the true T. Mvingstoni. 

7. Turacus corythaix. 
Le Touracou de Quince, Bnf. Hist Nat. Ois. vi. p. 385 (1783). 
Le Touracou du Cap de Bonne Espemnce, Buff. t. c. p. 387. 
Le Touracou Louri, Levaill. Hist. Nat. Promerops, p. 29, pi. 1G 


(1806). 

Opaetkus persa (necZimi.), Yieill. Nouv. Diet xxxiv.p. 304 (1819) ; 
id. Enc. M&h. p. 1297 (1823); id. Gal. Ois. p. 46, pi. 49 (1825) ; 
Less. Traite, p. 123 (1831). 

Musophaga persa, Zicht. Verz. Doubl. p. 7 (1823). 
Spelectos corythaix, Wagl Syst. Av., Spelectos, sp. 1 (1827). 
Corythaix musophaga, Dubois, Gal Ois. p. 2, pi. 2 (1839) ; Finsch 


$ Hartl. Yog. Ostafr. p. 475 (1870); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 11 
(1871); Gurney, Ibis, 1873, p. 255; Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 81 ; 
Barratt, Ibis, 1876, pp. 193,199; Ayres, t.c. p. 432 ; Sharpe. ed. 
Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 141 (1875-85). 

Cuculus persa, Forst. Descr. Anim. p. 42 (1844). 
Turacus albocristatus, Strickl. Ann. Nat. Hist vii. p. 33 (1841) ; 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845); Bp. Consp. i. p. 87 (1850). 
Gpaetus africanus (nee ZathX BianconL Spec. Zool. Mosamb. fasc. 

iii. p. 34 (1850, pt.). 
Turacus corythaix, Mlpp, Archiv Naturg. xvii. p. 320 (1851) ; Hartl 
op. cit. xviii. p. 19 (1852); Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, pp. 72, 78. 

1 . TCTKA.CTTS. 
441 
Musophaga alhocristata, Schl. & Westerm. Toerako's, p. 8, pi. 11 
(1800); Schl. Mus. Fays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 77 (1804). 
Corythaix albocristata, Cab. Sf Heine, Mm. llein iii. p. OS (1800); 
Schaloiu, J.f. 0. 188G; p. 32. 
Turacus persa (nee Linn.), Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 223 (18G7) j id. 
Ibis, I860, p. 372 ; Holub $ Feb. Orn. Siidafr. p. 138 (1882). 
Turacus musophagus, Gray, Iland-l B. ii. p. 125, no. 7850 (1870). 

Adult male. Similar to T. living stoni, but differs in having the 
crest shorter and evenly rounded, the metallic feathers of the back 
and wings washed with blue at their edges and bluer than the tail: 
bill orange-brown; iris brown ; legs black. Total length 17 inches, 
oulmen 1*1, wing 6*8/tail 8, tarsus 1*7. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 17 
inches, culmen 1-1, wing 7, tail 8, tarsus 1*6. 
Hab. Confined to South Africa, where it ranges from the Zambesi 
into Fatal and the Cape Colony, being plentiful at the Knysna. 

a, b, c. Ad. sk. South Africa. 
Purchased. 

d. Ad. sk. Cape, 
India Museum. 
e. cjad.sk. Kirysna, March (C.J. Andersson). Sharpe Coll. 
/, g. Ad. sk. Ivingwilliamstown (Trevelyan). Shelley Coll. 
h Ad. sk. Eland's Post (T. C. Atmore). Sharpe Coll. 
i, k. Ad. sk. Natal. Tweeddale Coll. 
I, m. Ad. sk. Durban, April (Gordge). Shelley Coll. 
n. 
Ad. sk. Lydenberg, Transvaal. P. Barratt, Esq. [P.], 
8. Turacus sclmetti. 
Corythaix schuetti, 
Cab. Orn. Centralbl 1879, p. 180; id. J.f O. 
1879, p. 445 ; Boeage, Orn. Angola, p. 541 (1881) ; Sharpe, Journ. 
Linn. Soc., Zool. xvii. p. 433 (1884); Schaloiv, J. f. O. 1885, pi. 5. 
rig. 2,1886, p. 34. 

Adult. Differs from the foregoing white-tipped species in having 
the tail and metallic portions of the wings uniform violet-shaded 
blue, and the back indigo-blue ; crest short and evenly rounded: 
iris brown; bill and legs dusky black. Total length 15 inches, 
culmen 0*9, wing &5, tail 7"7, tarsus 1*4. 

Hal. Central Africa, from Angola to the Main-Mam country, 
probably occurring throughout the district watered by the Congo 
and its tributaries. 

a. Ad. sk. Semrnio, Mam-Mam Country, * F. Bohndorff [0.]. 
March. 
9. Turacus macrorhynchus. 
Corythaix macrorhyncha, Fraser, F. Z. S. 1839, p. 34; Gray, Gen. 
B. ii. pi. 95 (1845); Hartl. J.f O. 1854, p. 124, 1855, p. 361; 
id. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 157 (1857); Sharpe, Ibis, 1809, p. 193 j id. 
Cat. Afr. B. p. 11 (1871); Shelley, Ibis, 1872, p. 286; Schahw, 
J.f. 0.1886, p. 36. 
Turacus macrorhynchus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845); Bp. Consp. 
p. 87 (1850); Mpp. Arch.f Naturg. xiii. p. 320 (1851); Hartl. 
op. cit. xviii. p. 19 (1852); Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, pp. 73, 78; 
442 MTTROPH^GmZE 

Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 125, no. 7849 (1870); Homier, Cat. 
Marche §c. p. 27 (1875). 
Musophaga macrorlryncha, ScM, §• Westerm. ToeraMs, p. 15, pi. 7 
(1800). 

Adult. Head, neck, and fore part of chest grass-green ; feathers 
of the crest tipped with black and with a subterminal white bar; 
bare skin round the eye red, with some very small black feathers 
which form a patch'of black on the cheeks; behind this black 
patch a band of white feathers extending to below the ear-coverts; 
mantle, wings, and upper tail-coverts glossy violet-blue; quills 
crimson and black, as in all the foregoing species ; remainder of 
the back blacker and less glossed than the mantle; tail glossy 
greenish violet, greener than the mantle; remainder of the body, 
under tail- and wing-coverts dusky black, slightly glossed with 
bluish green: bill yellow, partially shaded with orange; iris 
brown ; legs black. Total length 17*5 inches, culmen 1*15, 
wing 6-7, tail 7*8, tarsus 1*55. 

In one specimen the white subterminal bars of the crest are 
partially washed with red, and in another, probably immature, 
these white bars are almost absent, and the ends of the feathers 
dusky green instead of black. 

Hah. West Africa generally from the Gaboon and Fernando Po 

to Senegambia. 
a, b. Ad. st.
c. Ad. sk.
d. Ad. sk.
ef f. Ad. sk. 
West Africa. 
Cape Palmas. 
Aneobra Eh er, "Wasa. 
Gold Coast. 
Zoological Society. 
F. Nicholson, Esq. [P.]. 
Captains Burton and 
Cameron [P.I. 
Gould Coll. 
(/,'h, ?. Ad. sk.
A-. Ad, sk. 
Fantee (JST. T. Ussher). 
Cape Coast Castle. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

10. Tnracus meriani 
Corythaix meriani, JRupp. Arch. f. Nature/, xvii. p. 319 (1851); 
Hart!. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 157 (1857); Seine, J. f. 0.1860, p. 189; 
Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 006; Meicken. J. f. 0. 1877, p. 14; 
Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 541 (1881); Schuloio, J.f. 0.1886, p. 37; 
Shelley, P. Z.S.m7,y. 123. 

Tnracus persa (nee Zi?m.), J. fy JS. Verr. Bed. et Mag. ZooL 1851, 

p. 257. 
Turacus meriani, Hart!. Arch. f. Naturg. xviii. p. 18 (1852); Jard. 
Contr. Orn. 1853, pp. 72/77; Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 125, 
no. 7850 (1870); Bouvier, Cat. Marche §c. p. 27 (1875). 

Musophaga verreauxi, Schl. J.f. 0. 1854, p. 402. 
Corythaix persa, Cass. Proc. Ac. Bhilad. %iii. p. 819 (1857). 
Musophaga meriani, Schl. fy Westerm. Toerako% p. 10, pi. 18 (1800). 


Adult male. Similar in plumage to T. macrorJiynchus, but differs 
in having the crest-feathers tipped with crimson, and in wanting 
the subterminal white bar. Total length 14-5 inches, culmen 1*1, 
wing 6*5, tail 7*5, tarsus 1*6. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the ends of the 

1 . TUKA.CUS. 
443 
crest-feathers dusky green, wiih only the faintest tinge of reel on 
one of the leathers. It also differs in this stage from the young of 

T. macro rJiynchus in having the hill darker and less yellow. 
Hab. West Africa south of the equator, ranging from the 
Congo to the Cameroons on the north and to Stanley Pool in the 
interior. 

a. Ad. sk. West Africa. J. Murray, E&q. [P.]. 
b. Ad. sk. West Africa. Purchased. 
c. d. Ad. sk. River Niger. T. Thompson, Esq. [P.]. 
e. Ad. sk. Cameroons Mountains, Dec. Sharpe Coll. 
(Crossley). 
f. S ad. sk. Cameroons (5000 feet, II. British Association [P.]. 
H. Johnston). 
g. h. Ad. sk. (laboon (Walker). Shelley Coll. 
?*. $ ad. sk. Coude, River Congo. Shelley Coll. 
11. Turacus fischeri. 
Corythaix iischeri, Iteichen. Orn. Centralbl. 1878, p. 88; id. J. f. 0. 
1*878, p. 252, pi. -1. fig. 1; Fischer, t. c. pp. 290, 354, 1879, 
pp. 288,291, 30;); id. $ Beichen. t. c, p. 340 ; Fischer, J. f. 0. 1880, 

p. 189,18*o, p. 123 ; Sahaloio, J. f. 0. 1886, p. 46; Shelley, Ibis, 
1888, p. 297. 
Turacus iischeri, Shelley, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 590. 


Adult male. Head, neck, and fore part of chest grass-green, 

gradually passing into blood-red on the terminal half of the 

feathers of the crest and hack of the neck, this red colour deepen


ing almost into "black on the longer feathers of the crest; feathers 

of the hind crest and nape tipped with silky white; 
a hare patch 

round the eye red, margined in front by a broad white band which 

extends to the bill, and below by small black feathers which form 

a patch on the cheek ,• behind this black cheek-patch a broad white 

band extends to below the ear-coverts ; metallic portion of the 

wings, upper tail-coverts, and tail nearly uniform green, slightly 

shaded with blue, and with a pearly lustre on the mantle; lower 

portion of the chest, abdomen, thighs, under tail- and wing-coverts 

dusky black, partially glossed with green: bill orange, inclining to 

olive near the nostrils; iris brown; legs black. Total length 15*5 

inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6*3, tail 7*3, tarsus 1*5. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 1G 

inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6*4, tail 7*8, tarsus 1*55. 

Hab. Confined to East Africa south of the Equator, between 

Kilimanjaro and Zanzibar. 

a. $ a^-sk- Muniuni, Sept. 
Dr. Fischer [C.]. 
b, c. S 
? ad. sk. Kipingoni Creek, January. F. J. Jackson, 
Esq. [P.]. 

d. Ad. sk. Lamu (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
e,f. Ad. sk. Malindi (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
444 WSOPHAGIDJE. 

12. Turacus erythroloplius. 
Opaethus erythrolopkus, Vieill Nouv. Diet, xxxiv. p. 306 (1819); 

id. Enc. Meth.p. 1298 (1823); id. Gcd. Ois. p. 46, pi. 49 (1825). 
Musophaga paulina, Temm. PI. Col. i. p. 75, pi. 23 (1820). 
Conthaix paulina, Shaw, Gen. Zool xiv. p. 222, pi. 26 (1826); 
Less. Traite, p. 124 (1831); Eartl J. f. 0. 1854, p. 256; Ifon


teiro, Ibis, 1862, p. 338. 
Spelectos erythrolophus, Wagl. Sijst. Av., Spelectos, sp. 3 (1827). 
Oorythaix igniceps, less. Man. Orn. ii. p. 155 (1828). 
Turacus erythrolophus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845) ; Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 87 (1850); Hupp. Arch. f. Naturg. xvii. p. 321 (1851) • 
Eartl. op. cit. xviii. p. 20 (1852); Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, 
pp. 74, 79; Gray, Sand-h B. ii. p. 125, no. 7855 (1870); Bouvier, 
Cat. Marche §c. p. 27 (1875). 
Oorythaix erythrolopha, Eartl J. f. O. 1854, p. 125 ; id. Orn. W.-
Afr. p. 158 (1857); Sharpe, Cat Afr. B. p. 11 (1871); id. 

P.Z.S. 1871, p. 134; id. ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. p. 144 (187585) 
; Bocage, J. f O. 1876, p. 316; id. Orn. Angola, p. 131 
(1877); Schalow, J.f 0.1886, p. 44. 
Musophaga erythrolopha, Schl $ Westerm. Toerahcfs, p. 14, pi. 6 
(1860). 

Adult. Sides of the head and chin white, passing into grass-
green on the throat, neck, and fore part of the chest; upper part 
of the head and the nape blood-red, slightly darkest on the ends of 
the feathers of the nape; the longer crest-feathers tipped "with 
white; mantle and metallic portion of the wings golden green; 
hack dusky blue, partially glossed with golden green : upper tail-
coverts and tail purplish blue, the feathers partially edged with 
green ; remainder of the body, under tail- and wing-coYerts dusky 
slate-colour slightly glossed with green; a small bare patch round 
the eye, probably red in life: bill yellow, with an olive shade near 
the nostrils; iris brown; legs black. Total length 15*3 inches, 
culmen 1*1, wing 7*1, tail 8*2, tarsus 1*55. 

Hah. Confined to Vest Africa, where it ranges from Sierra Leone 

to Angola. 
a. Ad. sk.
b. Ad. sk.
c. Ad. sk.
dj e. Ad. sk. 
Africa. 
Angola (A. deFomeca), 
Eenguela. 
Loanda (Toidson). 
J. Miers, Esq. [P.]. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 

13. Turacus leucoloplms. 
Turacus leucolophus, Heugl. Syst. TTebers. p. 45 (1856) ; id. J. f. O. 
1864, p. 268; Gray, Eand-l B. ii. p. 125, no. 7854 (1870); 
Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. cliii (1872). 

Oorythaix leucolophus, Eartl. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 159, note (1857); 
Keugl Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 703, pi. 24 (1871); Hartl Abhandl 
nat. Ver. Brem, viii. p. 210 (1882); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, 
Zool xvii. p. 433 (1884) ; Schalow, J. f 0.1886, p. 20; Shelley, 

p.z.s.ms^.u. F J' 
Musophaga leucolopha, Schl & Westerm. Toerako's. p. 12, pi. 4 
(I860). 

J . TFEACTJS. 445 
Adult male. Upper half of the head glossy violot; crest, hinder 
crown, checks, ear-coverts, and upper half of the neck silky white ; 
bare skin round the eye pale crimson, with some tiny black feathers 
beneath the eye; remainder of the neck and fore part of chest 
grass-green, which colour extends up the throat and fades away 
towards the upper part; mantle, glossy portion of the wings, back, 
upper tail-coverts, and tail deep violet-blue : remainder of the body 
slate-colour, partially glossed with blue on the flanks and under 
tail-coverts; under wing-coverts similar, but also partially washed 
with grass-green: iris brown; bill yellow, partially shaded with 
olive towards the nostrils; legs black. Total length 16 inches, 
culmen 1-15, wing 6'5, tail 7*1, tarsus 1*45. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
15*7 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6*3, tail 7, tarsus 1-5. 
Hah. Central Africa west of the Upper White Kile, from the 
Bar-el-Grazal to the Albert Kyanza; abundant in the Kiana-Mam 

Country. 
a. Ad. sk. Semmio, Niam-Niarn Country;
March. 
E. Bohndorif [0.j. 
b, c. cf ? ad. sk.
d. <$ ad. sk.
e. 2 ad. sk. 
Kamari, Equatorial Africa, Dec.
{Fmin Pasha). 
Earadjak, Sept. {Fmin Pasha). 
Kabajendi, August. 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll 
Emm Pasha [P.]. 

14. Turacus hartlaubi. 
Corythaix hartlaubi, Fisch.fy Peiehen. J. f. O. 1884, p. 52; Fisch* 
Zeitschr. ges. Oni. 1884, p. 363; id. J. f 0. 1885, p. 123, pi. 5. 
ftg. 1; Schalow, J. f. 0. 1886, p. 39; Peiehen. J. f. 0. 1887, 

p. 57. 
Turacus hartlaubi, Shelley, P.Z. 8. 1884, p. 224,1889, p. 358. 
Adult male. Upper half of the head and entire crest steel-blue, 
with a large patch of silky white in front of the eye ; bare skin round 
the eye scarlet, margined below by a steel-blue band which widens 
over the cheeks and extends across the gape; below this a silky 
white band extending from the gape to beyond the car-coverts; chin, 
neck, and chest grass-green; glossy portions of the wings, the back, 
upper tail-coverts, and tail glossy violet-blue; the mantle and 
wing-coverts much washed with the same green as the neck; 
remainder of the body dusky slate-colour, partially glossed with 
violet-blue ; under wing-coverts similar, but partially washed with 
grass-green: bill olive, shading into orange-red towards the ends 
of both mandibles ; iris brown; legs black. Total length 16 inches, 
culmen 14, wing 6-8, tail 7*7, tarsus 1*65. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 16 
inches, culmen 1*1, wing 6*7, tail 8, tarsus 1*65. 
Bab, East Africa south of the Equator, the highlands of Masailand 
and Kilimanjaro. 

446 
MTJSOPHAGUDJE. 

Masai-land. H. C. V. Hunter, Esq. 

a. Ad. sk. 
[P.]. 

H. C. V. Hunter, Esq. 
b, c, c? $ ad. sk. Kilimanjaro, Aug. 

Kilimanjaro (10,000 ft.; British Association [P.]. 

d,e. (S ? ad. sk. 

H. H, Johnston). 
2. &ALLIBEX. 
Gallirex, im . 
JEMO cZw i¥ewfl£ Sav. col. 100 
(1844) * • • CT. porphyreolophus. 

ItYm^. KE . Africa and East Africa, extending south to Natal 
and to the Knysna district of the Cape Colony. 

Key to the Species. 

a. With a strong shade of pink in front of the 
mantle and chest porphyreolophus, p. 446. 
b. With no shade of pink on the plumage chloroehlamys, p. 447. 
1. G-allirex porphyreolophus. 
Musophaga porphyreolophus, Yig. B. Z. S. 1831, p. 93 (June); Schl. 
§ Westerm. Toerako's, p. 12, pi. 3 (I860) ; Schl. Mm. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 75 (1864). 

Corythaix burchellii, Smith, S. Afr. Quart, Jour. 1831, p. 13 

(October). 
Gallirex anais, Less. Echo du Munch Sav. 1844, p. 110. 
Corythaix porphyreolophus, Smith, III. Zool S. Afr. pi. 35 (1839) j 

Jard. # Selby, III. Orn. pi. 46 (c. 1839) ; Cab. # JfezW, 2fe. Hein. 

iii. p. 90 (I860); Gurney, Ibis, 1862, p. 32; Kirk, Mis, 1864, 
p. 329 ; Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 227 (1867); Finsch, J. f 0. 1867, 
p. 248 ; Sharp*, Cat. Afr. B. p. 11 (1871); id. ed. Bayard's B. S. 
Afr. p. 142 (1875) ; Shelley, Ibis, 1875., p. 82; Souza, Jorn. Lisb. 
1886, p. 78. 
Gallirex porphyreolophus, Less. Deso\ Mcrnm. $ Ois. p. 352 (1847) ; 
Schaloio, J.f. 0. 1886, p. 50. 
Turacus porphyreolophus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845); Bp. Consp. 

i. p. 87 (1850); Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 74; Gray, Hand-l B. 
ii. p. 125, no. 7858 (1870). 
Adult male. Porehead, sides of the head, chin, lores, and back of 
tipper neck metallic green, passing into glossy violet-bine on the 
crest and nape; eyelids scarlet; neck and front of chest grass-green, 

•with a strong pink shade towards the mantle and chest; mantle and 
wing-coverts ashy blue, shading into green towards the neck and 
on the least wing-coverts ; remainder of the glossy part of the wings, 
upper tail-coverts, and tail greenish bine; back driller and more 
dnsky; primaries as in species of Turacus, crimson, with the onter 
one and the borders of the others black ; remainder of the body and 
tinder wing-coverts 'dnsky ash-colour, darker and partially washed 
with glossy green on the under tail-coverts: iris dark brown; bill 
3. WFK0PH1GA. 
447 
and legs black. Total length 17*3 inches, culmen 1*15, wing 7'"J, 
tail 8, tarsus 1*65. 
Hab. Confined to South Africa, ranging from the Zambesi through 
Natal to the Kuysna in Cape Colony. 

u, b. Ad. sk. 
Natal. Purchased. 

c. Ad. sk. 
Natal. Sir A. Smith. 
d. Ad. sk. Natal. Sliarpe Coll. 
e-k. Ad. sk. Durban, April (67. E. 8.). Shelley Coll. 
I. Ad, st. 
Zambesi (Sir /. Kirk). Livingstone Expedition. 
- Ad. sk. 
Shelley Coll. 
7)1. 
Zambesi (Dr. Metier).

2. Gallirex chlorochlamys. 
Corythaix porpliyreolophus (nee Vig.), Rilpp. Neue Wirb., Fog. p. 7 
(1835-40); Finsch $ Ilartl. Yog. Ostafr. p. 473 (1870); ffihm. 

J.f. 0. 1882; p. 208; Dubois, Bull Mas. Belg. iii. p. 147 (1884). 
Turacus porphyreolophus; Rilpp. Arch. f. Nature/. xvii. p. 321 (1851); 
id. Contr. Orn. 1852, p. 74; Gray, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 45. 
Gallirex chlorochlani} s, Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 118; id. P. Z. S.1881, 

p. 590, 1885; p. 358; Bdhm, J.f 0. 1885, p. 42; Fischer, t. c. 
p. 123; 8chaloiu,J.f. 0. 1886, p. 52; Reichen. J. f 0. 1887, p. 57. 
Adult Similar to G. jjorphyreolophus, but differs in having the 
grass-green portions of the plumage uniform, with no trace of a pink 
shade. Total length 16*3 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 7*3, tail 8, 
tarsus 1-5. 

Bab. The whole of Eastern Africa, replacing G. jporphyreolophus 
north of the Zambesi, and extending to Abyssinia. 

a. Ad. sk. Zambesi, June. Gould Coll. 
b. Ad. sk. Zambesi. 
Livingstone Expedition. 
c. Ad. sk. Shupanga, Shire River. Livingstone Expedition. 
d. $ 
ad. sk. Mozambique, April 30 (II. II. P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.]. 
Johnston). 
e. Ad. sk. Rovunia River (J. Thomson). Shelley Coll. 
/, g. Ad. sk. Ugogo (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
(Types of species.) 
h, i. Imm. sk. Mamboio (Sir J. Kirk). Shelley Coll. 

k. S ad. sk. Duruma, Aug. H. C. V. Hunter, Esq. 
3. MUS0PHAGA. 
Musophaga, Isert, Jour. Phys. Paris, xxxiv. p. 458 (1789). M. violacea. 
Phimus, Wagler,8yst. Av., Phiinns, p. 114 (1827) M. violacea. 


Range. West and Central Africa from Angola to Senegambia and 
inland to Lake Tanganyika and the Niam-Niam Country. 

Key to the Species. 

a. With no elongated crest-feathers; with a white band 
on the side of the head violacea, p» 448* 
b. With an elongated crest; with no white on side of 
head rossce, v. 448. 
448 MTTSOPHA&ID-E. 

1. Musophaga violacea. 
Musophaga violacea, Isert, JSchrift. Ges. naturf. Freunde Berlin, iii. 
p. 18, pi. 1 (1789) ; Swains. B\ W. Afr. i. p. 218, pi. 19 (1837); 
Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 394, pi. 97. fig 3 (1845); Bp. Consp. i. p. 159 
(1850); Ilartl. J. f. 0. 1854, p. 126; id. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 159 
(1857); ScM.tyWesterm.Toerako's, p. 10, pi. 1 (1866); Schl. Mus. 
Bays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 74 (1864); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 124, 
no. 7847 (1870); Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 52 * Beichen. J. f. 0.1875, 
pp. 2, 48; Shelley, Ibis, 1883, p. 558; Schaloio, J.f. 0.1886, p. 13. 
Cuculus regius, Shaiu, Mus.Leveriaman, p. 165, pi. 40 (1792). 
Le Touraco violet on Masque, Levaitt. Hist. Nat. Prom, p. 34, pi. 18 
(1806). 
Pkiinus violaceus, Waff I. Syst. Av. sp. 1 (1827). 

Adult. General plumage glossy violet-blue, duller and blacker on 
the lower back, abdomen, thighs, under tail- and wing-coverts; 
feathers of the crown and nape crimson, short and rather hair-like 
in texture; bare patch round the eye extending to the bill scarlet; 
beneath the hinder half of this bare patch a white band extends 
back to the end of the ear-coverts ; quills crimson, with the outer 
feather and the borders and shafts of the others black : lower throat 
and front of chest washed with glossy green : bill orange-red, fading 
into yellow on the frontal half of the upper mandible; iris brown ; 
legs black. Total length 17*5 inches, culmen 1-9, wing S, tail 8*7, 
tarsus TO. 

Immature. Differs from the adult in having the feathers of the 
head purplish black, with a few red feathers on the crown and a 
few white ones near the ear-coverts. 

Eab. Confined to West Africa, where it ranges from the Cameroons 

to Senegambia. 
a, b. Ad. et juv. st.
c, d. Ad. et juv. sk* 
West Africa. 
West Africa. 
Br. Gray [P.". 
e. Ad. sk.
/ Imm. st.
g. Ad. st.
h. Ad. sk.
i 2 a<*. &k. 
Senegal. 
Senegal. 
Gambia. 
Hiver Gambia (Sir A.Moloney). 
Bissao. 
Shelley Coll. 
Purchased. 
Rev. Morgan. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 

2. Musophaga rossse. 
Musophaga rossse, Gould, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 93; id. in Jard. Contr. Orn. 
1851, p. 137, pi. 81; id. P. Z. S. 1854, p. 24; Earth J.f. 0.1854, 

p. 126; id. Orn. W.-Afr. p. 160 (1857) ; Schl fy Western. Toerako's, 
p. 11, pi. 2 (1860); Gould, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 1; Sharpe, t c. 
p. 134; Bouvier, Cat. Marche fyc. p. 27 (1875); Bocage, Orn. 
Angola, p. 133 (1877): Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xvii. 
p. 433 (1884); Schafow, J. f O. 1886, p. 14; Soma, Jorn. Lish. 
1886, p. 3 ; Beichen. J.f 0.1887, p. 57; Matschie, t. c. pp. 130, 
149; Schaloio, t. o. p. 351; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 43. 
Musophaga bohmii, Schalow, Zeitsekr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 103, pi. 6 : 
id. J.f.O. 1885, p. 108. 

4. CORYTBLaBOLJL. 
449 

Adult. Similar to M. violacea, but differs in having a well-marked 
crest, no white band on the side of the head, a violet-blue margin 
between the bare eye-patch and the crest, and scarcely a trace of 
green on the lower throat. Total length 19 inches, culmen 1-8, 
wing 8*5, tail 9*5, tarsus 1*85. 

Ilab. Angola to Lake Tanganyika and north to Semmio in the 
Niam-Niam Country. 

a. Ad. sk. Semmio, Niam-Niam Country, F. Bokndorff [0.]. 
Feb. 
b. $ ad. sk. Tingasi, Equatorial Africa, Aug. Emm Pasha [P.]. 
c. Ad. sk. Angola. G-ould Coll. 
(Type of the species). 
d. Ad. sk. Angola (Hamilton). Gould Coll. 

4. COBYTHJSOLA. 
Type. 
Corythaeola, Heine, J.f. 0. 18G0, p. 190 C. cristata. 
Range. West and Central Africa, from Angola and the Island of 

Fernando Po to Senegambia, and from the northern watershed of 
the Congo to Itonbuttu and Niam-Niam. 

1. Corythseola cristata. 
Le Touraco Q6mt9Lemitt. Hist. Nat Prom, etc, p. 36, pi. 19 (1806). 
Musophaga cristata, Vieill. Analyse, p. 68 (1816). 
Musophaga gigantea, Vieill. Em. Meth. p. 1295 (1823); Hartl. 

J.f. 0. 1855, p. 361; Sold. $ Western. Toerako's, p. 20, pi. 12 
(1860) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1869, p. 385, 1870, p. 473; id. Cat. Afr. B. 
p. 10(1871). 
Blue Curasao w, Lath. Gen. Hist. B. viii. p. 156 (1823). 
Corythaix gigas, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiv. p. 222 (1826). 
Ckizeerhis gigantea, Wagl. Syst. Ad. sp. 1 (1827). 
Crax cyaneus, /. JE. Gray in G?*iff. An. Kingd. iii. p. 117 (1829). 
Gallirex giganteus, Less. Echo du Monde Sav. 1844, p. 110. 
Turacus giganteus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845); Bp. Consp. i. p. 87 
(1850); Rupp. Arch./. Naturg. xviii. p. 322 (1851); Jard. Cotitr. 
Orn. 1852, pp. 74,78; Hartl J.f 0.1854, p. 125; id. Orn. W.-Afr. 

p. 159 (1857); Heine, J.f.O. 1860, p. 190; Socage, Orn. Angola, 
p. 133 (1877); Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xvii. p. 438 (1884). 
Phimus giganteus, Sundev. (Efv. K. Vet.-Ah. Forh. 1849, p. 161, 
pi. 17. 
Turacus cristatus, Bp. Consp. i. p. 88 (1850); Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. 

p. 126, no. 7859 (1870); Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 51; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 
1878, p. 134 
Corythseola cristata, Heine, J. f. 0.1860, p. 190; Schalow, J. f. O. 
1886, p. 55; Shelley, P. Z. S. 1888, p> 44. 
Turacus gigas, Reichen. J.f.O. 1875, pp. 1, 48. 
Schizorhis cristatus, Bouvier, Cat Marchetyc. p. 27 (1875). 

Adult male. General plumage above verditer-blue, passing into 
black on the crest and nape * two centre tail-feathers and ends of 
all the others blue like the back, all with a broad black subterminai 
bar, the remainder dull yellow with blue bases; bare patch round 

VOL. xix. 2 <* 

450 MTTSOPHAGIDiE. 

the eye grey; cheeks and chin white, shading into verditer-blue on 
the remainder of the neck ; chest pale green; abdomen, thighs, and 
under tail-coverts rufous-brown ; under surface of tail marked with 
yellow like the upper surface, the remainder black; under surface 
of wings black, with a large portion of the smaller coverts verditerblue 
: " bill yellow, with a large terminal portion scarlet; iris red ; 
legs dusky black" (Emin Pasha). Total length 28 inches, culmen 
1-7, wing 12*3, tail 14*5, tarsus 2*1. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 29 
inches, culmen 1*8, wing 12*6, tail 14*7, tarsus 2'25. 

Hab. The same as that of the genus. 

a. Ad. sk. West Africa. Purchased. 
b. Ad. st.
e, d. Ad. sk.
e. Ad. sk.
f. Ad.sk. 
Fernando Po. 
Denkera (H. T. Ussher). 
Fantee (Aubmn). 
Cameroons Mountains 
T. Thomson, Esq. [P.' 
Shelley Coll, 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
g. Ad. sk.
h. Ad. sk,
i-n. Ad.sk.
o,p. Ad. sk.
q. Skeleton. 
(CrossUy). 
Gaboon. 
Semmio, Niam-Niam 
Country, Feb. 
Tingasi, Equatorial Africa, 
July, Sept. 
Angola. 
H. T. Ansell, Esq. [P." 
F.Bohndorff[Cj. " 
Emin Pasha "P.], 
Sharpe Coll. 
Eyton Coll 

5. SCHIZOEHIS. 
Chizserhis, Wagl. Syst. Av. p. Il l (1827) S. africana. 
Schizorhis, Wagl. Isis, 1829, p. 656 . S. afrieana. 
Corvthaixoides, Smith, $. Afr. Quart. Jcnim. i. p. 48 

(1833) S. eoncolor. 
Oolophimus, Smithy JRep. Exp, Centr. Afr. p. 54 (1886).. S. coneolor. 
Ichthierax, Kaup, Class. Saug, u. Vog. p. Ill (1844) .... S. arricana. 

Range. The whole of the Ethiopian Region. 

Key to the Species. 

a. Bill yellow; crest-feathers lanceolate. 
a'. With no white on the tail africana, p. 450. 
V. With a white bar on the tail ionura, p. 451. 
b. Bill black or olive; crest-feathers not lanceolate. 
c'. Breast and a bar on the tail white kucogaster, p. 452. 
d'. Entire plumage ashy grey coneolor, p. 453. 
1. SchizorMs africana. 
Phasianus africanus, Lath. Jnd. Orn. p. 631 (1790). 
Le Touraco Musophaga, Levaill. Hist. Nat. Prom. etc. p. 37, pi. 20 


(1806). 
Musophaga senegalensis, Lieht. Verz. Doubl. p. 7 (1823). 
Musophaga variegata, Vieill. Em. Mith. p. 1296 (1823): id. Gal 

Ois. p. 44, pi. 48 (1825). 

5, scHizoiims. 451 

Chizaerkis variegatus, Wagl Syst. A v. sp. 2 (1827); Smi?is. B. W. 

Afr. p. 22.% pi. 20 (1837). 
Corythaix variegatus, Less. TraiU, p. 124 (1831). 
Sckizorhis africanus, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395, pi. 97. fig. 2 (1845); 

Bp. Consp. i. p. 88 (1850); Hartl J.f 0, 1854, p. 120; id. Orn. 
W.-Afr. p. 160 (1857) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 485 ; id. Cat Afr. 

B. p. 11 (1871); Shelley, Ibis, 1872, p. 286; Ussher, Ibis, 1874, 
p. 52 ; Bouvier, Cat. Marchefyc. p. 27 (1875) ; Shelley, Ibis, 1883, 
p 558 ; Schalow, J. f. O. 1886, p. 07. 
Musophaga africana, Vernon Harcourt, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 145 ; Schl. 
8f Westerm. Toerako's, p. 23, pi. 10 (1860); Schl Mm. Pays-Bas, 
Cuculi, p. 79 (1864). 

Turacus africanus, Gray, Uand-l B. ii. p. 126, no. 7860 (1870). 

Adult male. Head dark brown, freckled with white on the fore 
part of tlie crown and the sides of the head; the lanceolate crest-
feathers narrowly edged with white; back of neck, mantle, and 
wing-coverts ashy grey, most of the feathers with dark brown shaft-
stripes widening into subterminal spots ; bastard-wing, outer greater 
coverts, and quills black, the primaries with the greater portion of 
the inner webs towards the base white; back and upper tail-coverts 
browner ashy than the mantle, with narrow dark brown shaft-
stripes to each feather; tail black, fading into ashy brown on the 
greater part of the centre pair and towards the base of a few of the 
next feathers; chin and throat dark brown, with white edges to 
the feathers of the lower part; chest, abdomen, thighs, under tail-
arid wing-coverts white, with narrow dark brown shaft-stripes: 
bill yellow; iris and legs dark brown. Total length 17*8 inches, 
culmen 1*2, wing 8*5, tarsus 1*55. 

Adidt female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
17*7 inches, culmen 1-2, wing 8*3, tail 9*2, tarsus 1*6. 
Rah. AYest Africa, from the Niger to Senegambia and inland to 
Stanley Pool on the Congo. 

a, b. Ad. sk. West Africa. Captain Straclian 
c. Ad. sk. West Africa. Purchased. 
d. Ad. sk.
e,f. Ad. sk.
g. Ad. sk.
h, i. S $ ad. sk.
k. Ad. sk.
/. Ad. sk.
m. $ ad. sk. 
Senegal. 
River Gambia (Sir A. Moloney). 
Bathurst. 
Accra, Feb. (G. B. SX 
River Volta (E. T. Ussher). 
River Niger (Baikie). 
Shonga, River Niger (A. W. F.). 
Eiocour Coll. 
Shelley Coll 
Shelley Coll. 
Shelley Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Sharpe Coll. 
Forbes Coll. 
2, SchizorMs zonura. 

Sckiza3rhis zonura, JRUpp. Nene Wirb., Vdg. p. 9, pi. 4 (1835-40); 
Blanf.GeoLSfZool. Abyss.-p. SIQ (1870). 
Coliphimus concolor (nee Smith), Harris, Highl. Aethiop. ii. App. 

p. 41 (pt., 1844). 
Ckizserhis zonura, Milpp. Syst. Uebers. p. 80 (1845). 
Schizorhis zonurius, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845) ; Hartmann, 
J.f 0,1864, pp. 150.231. . . 
452 MTTSOPHAGID-33. 

Schizorhis zonura, Cab. § Heine, Mus. Hem. iii. p. 101 (1860); 
Blanf. Geol $ Zool Abyss, p. 316 (1870) ; Finsch, Trans. Z. S. vii. 

p. 277 (1870); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B.^.ll (1871); Heugl. Orn. 
N.O.-Afr. i. p. 705, iv. p. cliii (3871-72); Antin. $ Salvad. Viagg. 
Bogos, p. 52 (1873); Heugl J.f. 0. 1875, p. 55; Hartl. Abhandl 
not. Ver. Brem. vii. p. 114 (1881) ; Sharpe, Journ. Linn. §!oc., 
Zool xvii. p. 433 (1884); Schaloic, J. f. 0. 1886, p. 69; Peichen. 
J.f.O. 1887, p. 56. 
Musophaga zonura, Schl $ Westerm. Toerakcfs, p. 24, pi. 17 (1860) ; 
Schl Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 79 (1864). 
Turacus zonura, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 126, no. 7861 (1870). 

Adult male. Similar in plumage to 8. africana, but differs in 
having no white freckling on the crown; the elongated crest-
feathers extending farther back and covering the back and sides of 
the nape, and more broadly tipped and partially edged with white, 
the feathers of the mantle and wing-coverts with rather broad dusky 
terminal edges and only a mere trace of a shaft-stripe; the white 
on the wing less extended, consisting of a patch about halfway 
down the inner web of each primary; back and upper tail-coverts 
with scarcely visible dark shafts ; centre tail-feathers as in 8. africana, 
the remainder crossed by a broad white band about 2-5 inches 
from the end of the feathers; chest, abdomen, thighs, and under 
tail-coverts less striped and partially mottled with dusky; under 
wing-coverts dusky black, partially edged with white. Total length 
19 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 9*5, tail 10*7, tarsus 1*7. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
20*5 inches, culmen 1*2, wing 10, tail 10*7, tarsus 1*7. 
Hab. North-east Africa, from Bogos-Land through Abyssinia and 
the White Nile districts to Mam-Niam. 

a. <$ ad. sk. Bejook, Bogos-Land, July Salvin-Godman Coll 
b. 2 a^-sk«
IW. Jesse). 
Maragaz, July (W. Jesse). Tweeddale Coll. 
c. $ ad. sk. Waliko, Anseba Vallev, July. W. T. Blanford, Esqd. 
$ ad. sk.
e. Ad. st.
/ . Ad. sk.
g. J ad. sk.
h. $ ad. sk.
I Ad. sk.
k. $ ad. sk.
" " 
"Waliko, July (W. Jesse). 
Abyssinia. 
Abyssinia. 
Misheh, S. of Antalo, May. 
Senate, May ( W. Jesse). % 
Kutschugali, Sept. *• 
Fadibec, Equatorial Africa,
Feb. (JSmin Pasha). 
[O.l. 
Tweeddale Coll. 
Dr. Riippell. 
Purchased. 
W. T. Blanford, Esq. 
[C.]. 
Shelley Coll. 
F. Bofindorff [C.]. 
Shelley Coll. 

3. ScMzorhis leucogaster. 
Chizaerhis leucogaster, Hupp. P. Z. S. 1842, p. 9 ,* id. Trans. Z. S. 
iii. p; 232, pi. 17 (1842); id. Syst. Uebers. p. 80 (1845). 
Coliphimus fasciatus, Harris, Highl. Aethiop. ii. p. 413 (1844). 
Schizorhis leucogaster, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845); Bp. Consp. 
i. p. 88 (1850); Speke, Ibis, 1860, p. 245; Cab. in v. d. Deckers 
Peisen, iii. p. 38 (1869); Finsch $ Hartl Fog. Ostafr. p. 477 
(1870); Heugl Orn. MO.-Afr. i. p. 707, iv. p. cliii (1871-72); 
5 . SCHIZOBHIS. 453 
Cab. J.f. 0, 1878, pp. 214, 237; Beichen. J.f 0. 1879, p. 340; 
Hard. Abhandl. not. Ver. Brem. viii. p. 210 (1882); JBdhm, 

J. f. 0.1882, p. 208 ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Genov. (2) i. p. 09 (]884); 
Fisch. Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 364; id. J.f 0. 1885, p. 122; 
Shelley, Ibis, 1885, p. 400; Schahno, J.f. 0. 1886, p. 03; Beichen. 
J.f. 0. 1887, p. 56 ; Shelley, Ibis, 1888, p. 298; Seduced. Ami. Mm. 
Civ. Gen. (2) vi. p. 216 (1888). 
Musophaga leucogaster, Schl. fy Wesferm. Toerakds, p. 22, pi. 15 
(1860) ; Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Cuculi, p. 78 (1864). 
Turacus leucogaster, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 126, no. 7863 (1870). 
Schizorhis leucogaster, var. pallidirostris, Hildebrandt, J.f.O. 1878, 

Adult male. General plumage above ashy grey, deepening into 
black on the end half of crest-feathers ; median and greater wing-
coverts with black ends, forming partial bars ; bastard-wing, outer 
greater wing-coverts, and the primaries black, with white bases to 
the latter, forming a speculum on the wing; secondaries with their 
inner webs and terminal portion of the outer ones blackish; two 
centre tail-feathers ashy grey, the others with the end and basal 
third black, with a broad intermediate band of white; sides of head, 
chin, and entire neck grey like the mantle ; breast, under tail- and 
wing-coverts, and base of quills white• remainder of the quills 
black; tail beneath blacker than above, with no shade of grey: 
" iris brown; bill and legs olive-black " {Fischer). Total length 
17*5 inches, cnlmen 0*95, wing 8*3, tail 11*0, tarsus 1*6. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the adult male, but may 
probably be distinguished by the paler colour of the bill, which is 
" pale green, with the culmen and tip yellow,J (Emin Pasha). 
Total length 20 inches, culmen 1*0, wing 8*3, tail 10*7, tarsus 1*55. 

Immature male. Similar in plumage to the adult, with #the same 
dark bill as in the adult male, but differs in having the broad pale 
ends to the tail-feathers obscurely marked. 

Hob. East Africa between 8° N. lat. and 8° S. lat.; from Southern 
Abyssinia through Shoa, Somali-land, and the Upper White Nile 
District to Ugogo. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Shoa (Sir W. Karris). India Museum. 

c, d. Ad. sk. Efat, Shoa (Sir W. Harris). India Museum. 

e. J ad. sk. Tarrangole, Equatorial Africa, Shelley Coll. 
April (Emin Basha). 
f $ ad. sk. Massa, Nov. (Dr. Fischer). Shelley Coll. 
g,h. d1 $ ad.5 i. Ndi, Teita, Feb., July. Dr. Hildebrandt [C.]. 

c? juv. sk. 
k, I. Ad. sk. Lamo. F. J. Jackson, Esq. 

4. ScMzorhis concolor. 
Opsethus persa, juv. (nee Linn.), Less, TraifS, p. 123 (1831). 
Corythaix concolor, Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. 1833, p. 48. 
Corythaixoides concolor, Smith, t c. p. 48. 
Colyphimus concolor, Smith, Hep, Exp. Centr, Afr. App. 1836, 

p. 54. 
454 
MTTSOPHAGIDJE. 

Chizjerhis concolor, Smith, III. Zool. S. Afr. pL 2 (1888). 

OHzserhis felicia, Less. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1839, p. 101. 

Schizorlris concolor, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845); Bp. Co?isp. i. 

p. 88 (1850); Cab.fy Heine, Mus. Hem, iii. p. 101 (1860) ; Kirk, 
Ibis, 1864. p. 329; Hartl. P. Z. S. 1865, p. 88; Monteiro, t c. 
p. 91 ; Layard, B. S. Afr. p. 224 (1867); Gitmey, Ibis, 1868, 
p. 268; Ayres, Ibis, 1869, p. 296 ; Layard, t. c. p. 372; Finsch <$• 
Hartl. Vtig. Ostafr. p. 479 (1870); Sharpe, Cat. Afr. B. p. 11 
(1871); Gurney in Anderson's B. Damara-Ld. p. 204 (1872); 
Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 36(5; Sharpe, ed. Bayard's B. S. Afr. pp. 144, 
809 (1875-85); Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 134(1877); Shelley, Ibis, 
1882, p. 245; Fischer, J. f. O. 1885, p. 123; Soma, Jorn. Lisb. 
1886, pp. 2,9; Schalow, J.f.O. 1886, p. 60; Matsehie, J.f O. 
1887, p. 149 j Soma, Jorn. Lisb. 1889, p. 114. 
Musophaga concolor, Schl. § Westerm. ToeraJco's, p. 21, pi. 13 (1860) ; 
Schl. Mus. Pays-Bas, Ouculi, p. 78 (1864). 
Turacus concolor, Gray, Hand-l. B. ii. p. 126^ no. 7864 (1870). 

Adult male. Entire plumage nearly uniform ash-colour, slightly 

paler on the sides of the head, slightly browner on the crest, and 

greyer on the mantle, wings, and tail, where it passes into dusky 

brown on the outer wing-coverts, quills, and ends of the tail-

feathers, especially on the outer ones: lower throat generally but 

not always washed with olive-green: " bill and legs black; iris 

dark grey" (T. E. Buckley). Total length 17 inches, culraen 1, 

wing 8*5, tail 10, tarsus 1*55. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 

15*6 inches, culmen 1*0, wing 8*0, tail 10*0, tarsus 1*45. 

Hob. Confined to the South-African Subregion and Angola; 
plentiful from the Zambesi to Fatal, and from Damara-Land to 
Angola, but rare in Cape Colony. Its occurrence in Senegambia as 
recorded by Dr. Eochebrune is undoubtedly an error. 

a. Ad. sk. South Africa. Purchased. 
b, c. Ad. etjuv. South Africa. Sir A. Smith. 
sk. (Tvpes of the species.) 
d, e. Ad. sk. South Africa. Earl of Derby [P.]. 
/. Ad. sk. Natal. Tweeddale Coll. 

g. Jad.sk. Swaziland, July (T. E. Buckley). Shelley Coll. 
h,i.($ 2 ad. sk. Transvaal (T. Ayres). Sharpe Coll. 
k, I Ad. sk. Transvaal, Dec., July {F. Oatei). W. E. & C. G. Oates, 
E*qrs. [P.]. 

m. Ad. sk. Zambesi. 
Sir John Kirk rp.]. 
n, o. Ad. sk. Tete, Zambesi. Livingstone Expedition. 


p. Ad. sk. Upper Shire* River, March. Gould Coll. 
a, r. 
Ad. sk. Otjimbinque, Damara-Land, July, Tweeddale Coll. 
Sept. (C. J. Andersson). 

s. Ad. sk. Angola. 
Monteiro Coll. 
t. Ad. sk. Huilla, Angola (Anchieta). Sharpe Coll. 
u, v. d J ad. Capangoinbe, Aug. (Anchieta). Shelley Coll. 
sk. 
w, x. 
<$ $ ad. Gahmgo, Loancla, Aug., Sept. Sharpe Coll. 
sk. (Sala). 

455 

6. GYMNOSCHIZORIIIS. 
6. GYMNOSCHIZOKHIS. 
Type. 
Gymnoscliizorliis, Schalow, J.f. 0, 1886, p. 72 G. personata. 

Ranye. East Africa from Shoa to Ugogo. 

Key to the Species, 

a. Bare face brown; under surface of tail and quills 
green personata, p 455. 
b. Bare face black; under surface of tail and quills 
silver-grey kopoldi, p. 456. 
1. Gymnoschizorhis pereonata. 
Chizserhis personata, Hupp. P. Z. S. 1842, p. 8 ; id. Trans. Z. S. iii. 
p. 232, pi. 16 (1842). 
Coliphimus concolor (nee Smith), Harris, High!. Aethiop. ii. p. 412 
(pt., 1844). 
Sehizorhis personata, Gray, Gen. B. ii. p. 395 (1845); Hupp. Syst. 

Uebers. p. 80 (1845); Pp. Consp. i. p. 88 (1850); Scl. P. Z. S. 

1864, p. 112; Eeugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 708, iv. p. cliv. pi. 25 

(1871-72); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) i. p. 98, 

Musophaga personata, Schl. fy Westerm. Toerecho's, p. 22, pi. 14 (1860); 

Schl. Mus. Pays-Pas, Cuculi, p. 78 (1804). 
Tmacus personata, Gray, Hand-l B. ii. p. 126, no. 7862 (1870). 
Gymnoschizorhis personata, Schalow, J.f. 0.1886, p, 75. 

Adult male. Eore part of the face to behind the eyes, chin, and 
upper throat dark brown, the skin partially covered with tiny 
obsolete shafts of brownish feathers; forehead and crest pale 
brown, with a greenish shade on the latter; feathers behind 
the bare face white, passing into ashy white on the back of the 
neck; back, wings, and tail uniform greyish ash-colour; quills 
slightly browner; inner webs of all but the centre tail-feathers 
shaded with green: middle and lower throat and front of chest 
white, washed with olive down the centre; middle of the chest, 
sides of body, and under tail-coverts ashy grey, with a slight partial 
wash of green, and passing into pale pinkish rufous on the middle of 
the lower chest, abdomen, and thighs; under surface of the tail 
and the quills strongly washed with pale green; under wing-
coverts greyish ash-colour : " iris pearl-grey ; bill and legs brownish 
black" (Antinori). Total length 18*5 inches, culmen 1-1, wing 8*6, 
tail 11*0, tarsus 1*75. 

Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 
18*3 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 8*7, tail 10*1, tarsus 1*75. 
Hah. Shoa. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Shoa (Sir W. Harris). India Museum. 

e, d. d ? ad. sk. Shoa, Sept. {Antinori). Shelley Coll. 

456 MTJSOPHAGID^:. 

2. (rymnoschizorlris leopoldi 
Schizorhis personata (nee R'tipp.), Scl. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 112. 

Schizorhis leopoldi, Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 117, pi. 2; id. P. Z. S. 
1881, p. 591 ; Bb'hm, J. f. 0. 1883, p. 162; Schalow, t. c. p. 345; 
Dubois, Bull. Mus. Belg. iii p. 147 (1884). 

Gymnoschizorhis leopoldi, Schalow, J.f.O. 1886, p. 72 j Reichen 

J.f. 0.1887, p. 56. 
Adult (type of species). Similar to G. personata, but differing in 
having the bare skin of the head and throat jet-black ; no trace of 
green on the crest, wings, or tail; under surface of wings and tail 
silvery grey ; tho green of the throat much darker than in 

G. personata, less in extent, and confined to the centre of the crop • 
chest uniform pink; abdomen, thighs, and under tail-coverts white, 
with a very faint pink wash; under wing-coverts silvery grey, 
washed with pink towards the bend of the wing; bill and legs 
black. Total length 20 inches, culmen 1*1, wing 8*9, tail 11, 
tarsus 1*65. 
Hab. East Africa, from the Equator to Ugogo. 

a, b. Ad. sk. Ugogo ($& J- Kirk). Shelley Coll. 
(Types of the species.) 

c. Ad. sk. Konko, Ugogo, Sept. Purchased. 
ADDENDA. 

THE following additions to the Collection have been made whilst 
the present volume was passing through the press. A few corrections 
have also been added. 

^aSe 5 

Add:- Indicator indicator. 

u. $ ad. sk Rustenberg, Nov. 3 (T. Ay res). Gurney Coll 
Add: Pa&e & Indicator major. 

r. 
cjad.sk Rustenberg, July 17 (T. Gurney Coll. 
Ayres). 
Add: ^a&e 24- Melanobucco torqnatus. 

5 ad. sk. Rustenberg, July 31 {T. Gurney Coll. 
Ayt*es). 

Add:— Page 31. Tricholaema lencomelan. 

tt\ § ad. sk. Rustenberg, July 24 (T. Gurney Coll. 
Ayres). 

Add: ^a£e 43. Barbatula extoni. 

i, k. Ad. sk. 
Rustenberg, July (T. Ayres), Gurney Coll. 

Add : Pa&e 44. Barbatula bilineata. 

b. 
J ad. sk Olifants River, July 27 '(T. Gurney Coll. 
Ayres). 
Page 45. Barbatula leucolaBHia. 

For " leucolsema, J. 6f E. Verr." read " leucolaima." 
VOL. xix. 2 Jff 


^DDEXDV. 

Page 76. Cyanops phaeostriata. 

For "Ikiccoflavostricfcus" read " Bucco faiostrictus." 
For <• Megalaima flavo&triata " read " Megalaima faiostriata." 

Add:— Pa&° 10°* Trachyphonus cafer. 

1. 
J ad. sk. Eustenberg, June 6 (T. Gurney Coll. 
Ayres). 
Page 104. Add :— 

6 a. Trachyphomis emini. 

Trachyphonus emini, Reichen. J.f. 0. 1891, p. 4. 

Similar to T. boehmi^ but having a black throat. 

Hah. E. Africa. 

^d : Page 125. Khamphastos carinatus. 

k',V. <S $ ad. Chimalpa (4000 feet), Tehuan- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
sk. tepee, March (W* B. 
Richardson). 

Add- Page 141. Pteroglossus torquatus. 

x'. S ad.; yf7 z. Sierra S. Domingo, Tehuan- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
§ ad. sk. tepee, April ( W, B. Richardson). 
a", b". Ad. sk. Eetalhuleu, Guatemala, July Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. Richardson). 
Pa&e

Add: 156. Aulacorhamphus prasinus. 

h', *v, h'. S $ Santa Maria, near Quezalten- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
ad. et imm. ango, Guatemala, Aug., 
sk. Sept. ( W. B. Richardson). 

Pa&e 2l2

Add:—> Coccystes glaudarius. 

o'. 3 ad. sk. Transvaal, Jan. 18 (T. Ayres). Gurney Coll. 
p'. 2 ad. sk. Kroonstad, Orange Free State, Gurney Coll. 
Jan. (E. Symonds). 

PaS e

Add:— S17. Coccystes jacobinus. 

iK Ad. sk. Kroonstad, Dec. (E. Symonds). Gurney Coll. 

ADDKNDA. 

459 

Pa£e

Add:— 220. Coccystes hypopinarjtus, 

°, P-d 2 imm.
sk.

q. cfad.sk.
Add:—
s', f. $ ad. sk.

Add:—

o. S ad. sk.
Add:
y10. 2 ad. sk.

z10. Ad. sk.

A11 

. (5" ad. sk.

bn 

. <$ imm. sk.

Add:

P-o*. <$ $ imm,
sk.

Add:

s"-x". c?$ad.;
y"-f3-(S $
imm. sk. 

y3. <$ ad. sk.

h3 

. Ad. sk.

^d:

t", u". d ad. sk.
v"7 w". 2 ad-skv

 Potchefstroom, Jan. (T. Gurney Coll, 
Ayres). 
Macainac, Nov. (T. Ayres). Gurney Coll. 

 ^age 221. Coccystes cafer. 

 Rustenberg, Nov., Feb, (T, Gurney Coll. 
Ayres), 

Pa&6 223. Coccystes serratus. 

 Potchefstroom, Nov. 8 (T. Gurney Coll 

-^a&e 245. Cuculus canorus. 

 Santa Cruz, Madeira, April 29, W. R. Ogilvie Grant, 

Esq. [P.]. 
Bey rout. Gurney Coll, 
Damara-Land, Nov, (C. J. Gurney Coll. 
Andersson). 
Potchefstroom (T. Ayres). Gurney Coll, 

^aSe %52. Cuculus intermedius, 

 Labuan, Oct,, Nov, A. H. Everett, Esq. 
[C], 

^ aS e 285. Chrysococcyx cupreus, 

 Potchefstroom, Sept., Oct., Gumev Coll, 
Bee. to March (T. Ayres). 

 Transvaal (T. Ayres). Gurney Coll, 
Kroonstad, Orange Free State Gurney Coll, 

(JE. Symonds). 

^ aS e g 08. Coccyzus americanus. 

 Brownsville, Texas, May (F. Salvin-Godman Coll. 

JS. Armstrong). 
Bolanos, Jalisco, Feb., April Salvin-Godman Coll 

( W. B. EicJiardso7i). 
2H2 
400 ADDENDA. 

J^J. Page 311. Coccyzus erythrophtlialmus. 

i'j u't v'. J ad. Brownsville, Texas, April, Salvin Godman Coll. 
sk. May (F. B. Armstrong). 


w'. $ ad. &k. Chuipach£, Quezaltenaago Salvin-Godman Coll. 
(10,000 feet), Guatemala, 
September ( W. B. Richardson). 


Add. Page 316. Eudynamis honorata. 

s11. Imrn. &k. Labuan, January. A. El. Everett, Esq. 
[0.]. 


Ada. Page 362. Centropus natalensis. 

b'. § ad. sk. Kustenberg,Dec. 16(7". Ayres). Gumey Coll. 
c'. dad.sk. Tembe Kiver, May 30 (W. Gumey Coll. 
Ayres). 

Add: ^a»e 373. Piaya cayana. 

/e. <$ ad. sk. Tehuantepec, Feb. 19 ( W. B. Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Richardson), 
uG. Ad. sk. Sierra S. Domingo, Tehttan- Salvin-Godman Coll. 
tepee, April 12 ( W. B. R.). 
ve. S ad. sk. Chimalapa, Tehuantepec, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
March 11 (IT. B. R.). 
w8. cJad.sk. Retalhuleu, Guatemala. July 17 Salvin-Godman Coll. 

(W. B. R.). 
.is. $ ad. sk. Pie de la Cuesta, San Marcos, Salvin-Godman Coll. 
Guatemala, Nov. 5 (W. B. 
X.). 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 


abbreviatus (Rampbas


tos), 128. 

abruptus (Ouculus), 268. 

Abyssinian Onckow, 212. 

Abyssinian Plant-cutter, 

22. 
abyssinica (Pbytotoma), 
22. 
abyssinicus (Ouculus), 
212. 
abyssinicus (Hyreus), 22. 
abyssinicus (Melanobucco), 
22. 
abyssinicus (Pogono


rbynchus), 23, 
Acentetus, 381. 
acheenensis (Centro


coccyx), 345. 
aegyptius (Centropus), 

352. 
eegyptius (Corydonix), 
3G1. 
segyptius (Ouculus), 
349, 360. 
aegyptius (Polopbilus), 

361. 
aanea (Galbula), 170. 
aeneicauda (Pboenicophasus), 
400. 
seneicauda (Rbamphococcyx), 
400. 
feneieauda (Urococcyx), 

400. 
aeneicauda (Dryococcyx), 
400. 
aeneus (Oeutbnioebares), 
401, 402. 
ameus (Pboenicophaes), 

401. 
aeneus (Zanclostomus), 
402, 403. 
sequatorialis (Malaco 
ptila), 196. 
aequatorialis 
(Melanobucco), 
10. 

aeratus (Ouculus), 402. 
aereus (Ceutbmocbures), 

402. 
aereus (Ouculus), 402. 
aereus (Phoenicophaes), 
403. 
aereus (Zanclostomus), 
403. 
seruginosus (Cacomantis), 
274. 
afer (Ooccystes), 221. 
afer (Ouculus), 221. 
afer (Oxylophus),217,221. 
affine (Tricboltema), 31. 
affinis (Acentetus), 382. 
affinis (Barbatula), 41. 
affinis (Oentrococcyx), 

354. 
affinis (Centropus), 354. 
affinis (Corvus), 203. 
affinis (Ouculus), 242. 
affinis (Pogonorbyncbus), 
31. 
affinis (Taccocua), 382. 
affinis (Zanclostomus), 
382. 
africana (Schizorhis), 
450, 451. 
africana (Musopbaga), 

451. 
africanus (Opcetbus), 
437, 439, 440. 
africanus (Scbizorbis), 

451. 
africanus (Phasianus), 
450. 
africanus (Turacus), 451. 
albicollis (Indicator), 5. 
albicrissus (Notbarcbus), 
182. 
albifrons (Bucco), 204. 
albigularis (Bracbygalba), 
171, 173, 174. 
albigularis (Galbula), 

173. 
albipennis (Chelidoptera), 
207. 
albirostris (Galbula), 

164,168, 169, 170. 
albirostris (Indicator), 5. 
albirostris (Prodotes), 5. 
albiventer (Bracby


galba), 174. 
albiventris (Bracbycex), 

174. 
albiventris (Galbula), 
170,174. 
albiventris (Laiinodon), 

19. 
albi vertex (Ouculus), 
226. 
albi vertex (Simotes), 
226. 
albivitta (Aulacorbamphus), 
157. 
albivitta (Pteroglossus), 

157. 
albivittatus 
(Aulacorhampbus), 
153, 154, 

157. 
albocristafca (Corytbaix), 
441. 
albocristata (Musopbaga), 
440. 
albocristatus (Turacus), 

440. 
albogularis (Bracbycex), 
173. 
albogularis (Rampbastos), 
125. 
albonotatus (Ooccystes), 

224. 
albopunctatus (Ouculus), 
227. 
albopunctulatus (Ouculus), 
227. 
albostriatus (Ouculus), 

261. 
Alcyonides, 175. 
Alectorops, 395. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

amaurocepkalus (Cu


culus), 378. 
amazonica (Capito), 113. 
amazonicus (Oapito), 

113. 
amazonum (XJrogalba), 
162, 163. 
ambiguus (Pteroglossus), 

141. 
ambiguus (Khamphastos), 
124, 128. 
ambiguus (Eampliastos), 
127. 
ambulatoria (Crotopbaga), 
430. 
aiuericana (Piaya), 

309. 
americanus (Coccystes), 
309. 
americanus (Coccyzus), 
308,459. 
americanus (Crotophaga), 
428. 
americanus (Cuculus), 

308. 
americanus (Cureus), 
309. 
americanus (Erytkropbrys), 
309. 
americanus occid en talis 
(Coccyzus), 311. 
ametbystina (Lampromorpba), 
289. 
amethystinus (Ckalcococcyx), 
289. 
Anada?nus, 392. 
anais (Gallirex), 446. 
anchietse (Buccanodon), 

48. 
anchietas (Megalaima), 
48. 
anchietse (Stactolasrna), 
48. 
andamanensis (Centrococcyx), 
366. 
andamanensis (Centropus), 
366. 
Andigeua, 123, 133. 
ani (Crotophaga), 428, 

429. 
Ani des Paletuviers, 
428. 
Ani des Saranes, 430. 
Ani, Greater, 428. 
Ani, Lesser, 430. 
Anno, 430. 
Anno Guazu, 428. 
Anomalous Hornbill, 
330. 
anselli (Centropus), 
m. 
apivorus (Indicator), 

9. 
approximans (Ramphastos), 
126. 
Aracari, 137. 
Aracari a ceinture rouge, 

L', 138. ^ 
Aracari a double 

ceinture, U, 139. 
Aracari Azara, L', 145. 
Aracari Baillon, L', 

136. 
Aracari Koulik, L', 152. 
Aracari Iioulik du Bresil, 
L\ 149. 
Aracari "Koulik du Perou, 
L', 149. 
aracari (Pteroglossus), 
137, 138, 139. 
aracari (Eampbastos), 

138. 
Aracari verd, I/, 147. 
arcbipelagicus (Indicator), 
4, 5. 
arfakianus (Caeoman


tis), 274. 
Argicus, 179. 
ariel (Rhampkastos), 

122, 124, 131, 132. 
armata (Galbula), 174. 
armillaris (Bucco), 663 

07. 
armillaris (Cyanops), 
66. 
armillaris (Megalaema), 
66. 
armillaris (Megalaima), 
66, 67. 
arnaudi (Trachypkonus), 
104, 105. 
aruensis (Centropus), 

337. 
aruensis (Nesocentor), 
337. 
asiatica (Cyanops), 62. 
asiatica (Megalaima), 
63. 
asiatica (Megalaima), 
63. 
asiaticus (Bucco), 63. 
asiaticus (Trogon), 62. 
aspersa (Malacoptila), 
196, 197. 
assimilis (Cacomantis), 
273, 274. 
assimilis (Cuculus), 

274. 
ater (Cuculus), 203, 
223. 
ater (Oxylopbus), 
221. 
ateralbus (Centropus), 

334. 
ateralbus (Nesocentor), 
334. 
atra (Monasa), 203. 
ati-icollis (Kamphastos), 
138. 
atroflaya (Barbatula), 
43. 
atroflava (Megalsema), 
43. 
atroflaya (Megalaima), 
43. 
atrogularis (Aulacorhamphus), 
154, 160. 
atrogularis (Pteroglossus), 
160. 
audeberti (Cuculus), 

224. 
audeberti (Pacby coccyx), 
224. 
Aulacorhampkus, 123, 

153. 
Aulacorbyncbus, 153. 
aurantiicollis (Capito), 
115. 
aurantiicollis (Eubucco), 
115. 
aurantiirostris (Cuculus), 
244, 247. 
auratus (Bucco), 113. 
auratus (Capito), 112, 

113. 
auratus (Chalcites), 285. 
auratus (Ckrysococcyx), 
285. 
auratus (Cuculus), 285. 
aurea (Alcedo), 176. 
aureus (Micropogon), 

llo. 
auricollis (Micropogon), 

112. 
aurifrons (Bucco), 42, 
65. 
aurifrons (Capito), 112. 
aurifrons (Micropogon), 
aurovirens (Bucco), 109. 
aurovirens (Capito), 108. 
aurovirens (Eubucco), 

109. 
aurovirens (Micropogon), 
109. 
australasise (Scythrops), 

*h
330. ^
Australian Channel-
Bill, 330. 
australis (Bucco), 85, 87, 

94. 
australis 
(Ceuthraochares), 
403. 

australis (Corvus), 203. 
australis (Eudynamis), 
317,324. J 
australis (Megahema), 

95. 
australis (Megalaima), 

94. 
australis (Xanthobema), 

94. 
australis (Zanciostomus), 
403. 
axillaris (Monasa), 204. 
azaraj (Pteroglossus), 
137, 138, 144, 145. 
azarse (Ramphastos), 

145. 

badius (Ooccyzus), 393. 
bahamensis (Saurothera), 

371. 
bailloni (Ancligena), 
134, 136. 
bailloni (Pteroglossus), 

bailloni (Ramphastos), 

136. 
bairdi (Ooccyzus), 309. 
Barbacou a bee rouge, 
Le, 203. 
Barbacou a croupion 
blanc, Le, 207. 
Barbatula, 14, 38. 
barbatula (Bucco), 39. 
barbatula (Megalaema), 

40. 
barbatula (Megalaima), 

40. 
Barbet, Beautiful, 116. 
Barbet, Black-throated, 

31. 
Barbet, Buff-faced, 89. 
Barbet, Cayenne, 111. 
Barbet, Collared, 180. 
Barbet, Doubtful, 15. 
Barbet, Greater Pied, 

181. 
Barbet, Grand, 52. 
Barbet, Green, 83. 
Barbet, Indian, 89. 
Barbet, Lesser Pied, 

185. 
Barbet, Little, 89. 
Barbet, Bed-crown, 93. 
Barbet, Spotted-bellied, 

389. 
Barbet, Wax-billed, 203. 
Barbet, White-breasted, 

193. 
Barbet, White-faced, 

204. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

Barbet, Yellow-cheeked, 

76. 
Barbet, Yellow-throated, 

89. 
Barbican, 15, 39. 
Barbican a ventre rose, 

20. 
Barbican des cotes de 
Birbarie, 15. 
Barbican unibec, 18. 
barbiculus (Bucco), 93, 

95. 
Barbion a dos rouge, 

43. 
Barbu a collier de Cayenne, 
180. 
Barbu a, collier rouge, 

89. 
Barbu a front d'Or, 65. 
Barbu a gorge bleue, 

Barbu a gorge jaune, 

89. 
Barbu a gorge noire, 

31. 
Barbu a gros bee de Cayenne, 
181. 
Barbu a plastron noir, 

24. 
Barbu a plastron noire, 

33. 
Barbu a plastron rouge, 

89. 
Barbu a poitrine noire de 
Cayenne 185. 
Barbu a ventre tachete 
de Cayenne, 188. 
Barbu Barbichon, 93. 
Barbu de Guyane, 111. 
Barbu de l'i&le de Lucon, 

31. 
Barbu de Mahe\ 83. 
Barbu de St. Domingue, 

111. 
Barbu des Maynas 116. 
Barbu des Philippines, 

89. 
Barbu du Cap de Bonne 
JEsperance, 31. 
Barbu du Senegal, 89. 
Barbu elegant, 116. 
Barbu Kotorea, 56. 
Barbu orange de Pe*rou, 

113. 
Barbu oranvert, 108. 
Barbu rose-gorge, 96. 
Barbu Rubicon, 26. 
Barbu tachete de Cayenne, 
111. 
Barbu vert, 83. 
barianus (Indicator), 7. 

barrotii (Phoenicophaus), 

404. * 
bartlettii (Cuculus), 

256. 
basaiis (Laraprococcyx), 
294,298. 
basaiis (Chalcites), 294. 
basaiis (Chalcococcyx, 

294. 
basaiis (Chrysococcyx), 
294, 298. 
basaiis (Cuculus), 294. 
Beau Tamatia, 116. 
beauhamaisi (Pteroglossus), 
137, 138, 

148. 
Beauharnasius, 137. 
Beautiful Barbet, 116. 
Bee Cuckoo, 212. 
bengalensis (Centrococcyx), 
352. 
bengalensis (Centropus), 

352. 
bengalensis (Cuculus), 

352. 
bengalensis (Polophilus), 

352. 
bernsteini (Centropus), 

338. 
bernsteini (Nesocentor), 

338. 
bernsteini (Polophilus), 

338. 
bharovus (Cuculus), 

256. 
bicincta (Oapito), 188. 
bicincta (Chaunornis), 

188. 
bicincta (Tamatia), 188. 
bicinctus (Bucco), 179, 
180, 188. 
bicinctus (Hypnelus), 
1S8. 
bicolor (Centropus) 365. 
bioolor (Corydonix), 

357. 
bicolor (Pyrrbocentor), 

385. 
bidentatus (Bucco), 18. 
bidentatus (Laimodon), 

18. 
bidentatus (Melauobucco), 
18. 
bidentatus (Pogonias), 
18, 19. 
bidentatus (Pogonorhynchus), 
18, 19, 20 
bifrenatus (Pogonias), 

30. 
bifrenatus (Pogonorhynehus), 
30. 

464 

bilineata (Barbatula), 
44,457. 
bilineata (Megalsema), 44, 

45. 
bilineata (Megalaima), 
44. 
bitorquata (Tamatia), 
188. 
bitorquatus (Pfcerogloesus), 
137, 138, 144. 
blaeica (Halacoptila), 

196. 
Blackbird, Kazor-billed, 
430. 
Blackbird, Savanna, 430. 
Black Indian Cuckoo, 
316\ 
Black-tbroated Barbet, 

31. 
Blue-cheeked Curucui, 
G2. 
Blue-beaded Cuckoo, 

324. 
bocagii (Smilorhis), 36. 
bocki (Hierococcyx), 234. 
boehmi (Musopbaga),448. 
boehmi (Tracbyphonus), 
104,105. 
bonapartii (Gymnobucco), 
36. 
bonapartii (Gymnocranus), 
36. 
bonapartii (Helxobucco), 

36. JW. 
bonapartii (Me|H5pna), 
36. 
borealis (Cuculus), 247. 
bomeensis (Cacomantis), 
268. 
bomeensis (Centropus), 

344. 
bomeensis (Megalsema), 
59. 
bomeensis (Melias), 380. 
bomeensis (Ehopodytes), 
389. 
bottse (Saurothera), 419. 
bourcieri (Capito), 118, 
119. 
bourcieri (Eubucco), 118. 
bourcieri (Micropogon), 
118. 
Bout de Petun, 428, 429, 
430. 
Bracbycex, 171. 
Brachygalba, 161,171. 
brachyptera (Piaya), 377. 
brochypterus (Coccyzus), 
378. 
bracbypterua 
(Pyrrho
«occyx), 378." 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

brasiliensis (Chelidoptera), 
207, 208. 
brasiliensis (Jacamaralcyon), 
174. 
brasiliensis najvia(lspida), 

190. 
brazzse (Coccystes), 225. 
brevicarinatus (Rh anaphases), 
124,126. 
brevipeimis (Guculus), 

277. 
bronzinus (Cacomantis), 
275. 
bronzinus (Cuculus), 
275. 
Brown and Spotted 
Indian Cuckoo, 316. 
brucii (Laimodon), 23. 
brucii (Pogonias), 22. 
brunnea (Nonnula), 199, 

201. 
Bubutus, 392. 
bubutus (Centropus), 343, 
348. 
Buccanodon, 38. 
Bucco, 179. 
Buccotrogon, 98. 
Buff-faced Barbet, 89. 
buffoni (Corythaix) 438. 
buffoni (Opaethus), 438. 
buffoni (Turacus), 438. 
bupbagoides (Indicator), 
6,9. 
burcbelli (Centropus), 


361. 
burcbelli (Corytbaix),446. 
Burbyncbus, 124. 
cabanisi (Corythaix), 

440. 
Cacangelus, 226. 
Cacomantis, 211, 265. 
cserulea (Coua), 406. 
eaeruleicinctus (Aulacorhamphus), 
154, 159. 
cieruleigula (Bucco), 63. 
casruleigularis (Aulaco


rhamphus), 154, 159, 

160. 
cieraleocinctus (Aulacorhynchus), 
159. 
cseruleus (Bucco), 62. 
cseruleus (Centropus), 

407. 
cagruleus (Coccyzus), 406. 
cseruleus (Coua), 406. 
caeruleus (Cuculus), 406. 
cseruleus (Glaucococcyx), 
407. 
amileus (Polophilus). 
406. 
easruleus (Sericosonaus), 

407. 
cafer (Capito), 101. 
cafer (Coccystes), 221, 
459. 
cafer (Cuculus), 221. 
cafer (Cucupicus), 100. 
cafer (Oxylophus), 222. 
cafer (Picus), 101. 
cafer (Trachyphonus), 
100, 102, 458. 
caixana (Coccycua), 379. 
caixana (Coccyzus), 378. 
caixana (Macropus), 377, 

378. 
calcaratus (Bucco), 203. 
Caliechthrus, 210, 225. 
californiana (Saurothera), 
419. 
californianus (Geococcyx), 
419. 
callirhynchus (Phcenicopbaus), 
396. 
eallorhinchus (Eam


phastos), 125. 
Calorhamphus, 14, 49. 
ealorhynchus (Aulaco


rhamphus), 153, 155. 
ealorhynchus (Melias), 

396. 
ealorhynchus (Phcenicophaus), 
396. 
ealorhynchus (Bhamphococcyx), 
396, 397. 
ealorhynchus (Zanclostomus), 
396. 
calva (Megalaima), 34. 
ealvus (Bucco), 34. 
ealvus (Gymnobucco), 34. 
ealvus (Gymnocranus), 

34. 
caniceps (Bucco), 77, 78, 
80, 83. 
caniceps (Chotorhea), 78. 
caniceps (Cyanops), 78. 
caniceps (Megalsema), 78. 
caniceps (Megalaima), 

77, 78, 80. 
caniceps (Phoenicophaus), 

393. 
canorinus (Cueulus), 253. 
canoroides (Cuculus), 
253. 
canoroides fNicoclarius), 
253. 
canorus (Cuculus), 245, 
256, 459. 
canorus borealia (Cuculus), 
247. 
canorus 
telephones (Cuculus), 
247. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

cantor (Cuculus), 253. 
capensis (Bucco), 180. 
capensis (Cuculus), 244, 

247, 258. 
capistratus (Capito), 118. 
capistratus (Megalaima), 

118. 
Capito, 15, 107. 
oarinatus (Rauiphastos), 
125, 126. 
carinatus (Rhamphastos), 

124, 125,126, 127. 
caroli (Coccystes), 221. 
carolinensis (Coccyzus), 

309. 
carolinensis (Cuculus), 
308. 
carolinensis (Erythrophrys), 
309. 
Carpocoecyx, 414. 
casasii (Crotophaga), 

432. 
casfcanea (Hapaloptila), 
202. 
castanea (Malacoptila), 
202. 
castaneiventris (Cacomantis), 
274. 
castaneiventris (Cuculus), 

274. 
castaneorhynchus (Aulacorhamphus), 
158. 
castaneorhynchus (Pteroglosaus), 
158. 
castanopterus (Centropus), 
343. 
castanotis (Pfceroglossus), 
138, 140. 
castanotis australis 
(Pteroglossus), 141. 
Cauax, 174. 
Caucalias, 163. 
Cauecias, 175. 
cayana (Piaya), 373, 460. 
cayanensis (Coccyzus), 

373. 
cayannensis (Bucco), 111. 
cayannensis (Capito), 111, 
113. 
cayannensis (Micropogon), 
111. 
" cayanus (Coccyzus), 373. 
cayanus (Cuculus), 373, 
377, 378. 
cayanus (Pyrrhoeoccyx), 

373. 
Cayenne Bar bet, 111. 
celebensis (Centropus), 
365. 
celebensis 
(Pyrrhocentor). 
365. 


Centrococcyx, 331. 
Centropus, 331. 
ceramensis (Cuculus), 


323. 
Cercococcyx, 210, 265. 
Ceuthmochares, 368, 
401. 
ceycoides (Galbula), 174. 
ceylonensis (Eudynamis), 
317. 
ceylonensis (Phoenicophaus), 
395. 
ceylonensis (Rhanrphococcyx), 
396. 
Chacuru, El, 191. 
chacuru (Bucco), 180, 

191, 
chacuru (Capito), 191. 
chacuru (Nyctastes), 


191. 
chacuru (Nystalus), 191. 
chacuru (Tamatia), 191. 
Cbalcites, 280. 
chalcites (Cbrysococcvxl 
294,295,297,298/ 
chalcites (Cuculus), 295, 
297, 298. 
chalcocephala (G-albula), 

169. 
Chalcococcyx, 211, 288. 
chalcopepla (Lampromorpha), 
285. 
chalcopeplus (Cuculus), 

285. 
chalcoptera (G-albula), 
172. 
chalcothorax (Caucalias), 
171 
chalcothorax (Galbula), 
164, 171. 
chalybeus (Centropus), 

337. 
chalybeus (Cuculus), 
260. 
chalybeus (Nesocentor), 
338. 
Channel-Bill, Australian, 
330. 
Chaunornis, 179. 
Chelidoptera, 179, 202. 
chinensis (Eudynamis), 
317. 
chiriri (Coccyzus), 424. 
Chirri, 424. 
Chizserhis, 450. 
chlorochlamys (Gallirex), 
447. 
chlorocephalus (Phoenicophaus), 
393. 
chlorophaia (Rhinortha), 

393. 
chlorophivus (Cuculus), 

393. 
cblorophseus (Idiococcyx), 
393. 
chlorophasus (Phcenicophaes), 
393. 
chlororhynchus (Centrococcyx), 
342. 
chlororhynchus (Centropus), 
342. 
chlororhynchus (Ramphastos), 
133. 
Chochi, 424. 
chochi (Coccyzus), 424. 
chochi (Diplopterus), 


424. 
Chotorhea, 15, 55. 
chrysites (Cuculus), 286. 
chrysites (Lamprococcyx), 
286. 
chrysochlorus (Cuculus), 

286. 
chrysochlorus (Lamprococcyx), 
286. 
Chrysococcyx, 211, 280. 
chrysocoma (Barbatula), 

42,43. 
chrysocoma (Bucco), 42. 
chrysocoma (Megalaema), 

42. 
chrysocoma (Megalaima), 
42, 43. 
chrvsogaster (Coccyzus), 

^1^00QV (Piaya), 

chrysopogon (Bucco), 57, 

59. 
chrysopogon (Chotorhea), 
57. 
chrysopogon (Cyanops), 
58. 
chrysopogon (Megalaema), 
57. 
chrysopogon (Megalaima), 
57. 
chrysopsis (Chotorhea), 

59. " 
chrysopsis (Megalaema), 
59. 
chrysopsis (Megalaima), 
59. 
chrysoptera (Bucco), 40. 
chrysopyga (Barba tula), 
45. 
cineracea (Nonnula), 199, 
200. 
cineraeeus (Cuculus), 
266. 
einerascens (Cuculu.s), 
260. 
cinerea (Piaya), 313. 
cinereus (Bucco), 203. 
cinereus (Cacomantia), 

% 201. 
cinereus (Ooccyzus), 307, 

312. 
cinereus (Ouculua), 247, 
> 201. 
cinerosus (Ouculus), 309. 
Ciniciento, 307. 
cinnamomeiventris 

> (Piaya), 372. 
oinnaraomeus (Ouculus), 

374. 
circe (Piaya), 373. 
circe (Pyrrhocoecyx), 
374. 
citreolsemus (Rhamphastos), 
124, 131. 
claasi (Chrysococcyx), 


283. 
Oladurus, 38. 
clamosus (Ouculus), 256, 
260. 
clasii (Chrysococcyx), 
283. 
Ooccycua, 373. 
Ooccygius, 302. 
Coccygon, 302. 
Ooccygus, 302. 
Coccyges, 210, 211. 
Ooceysus, 302. 
Ooccyzus, 211,302. 
Oochlothraustes, 405. 
Collared Cuckow, 215. 
collaris (Bucco), 171), 180. 
collaris (Capito), 180. 
collaris (Ouculus), 215. 
•collaris (Tamatia), 180. 
Colophimus, 450. 
color (Ooccyzus), 217. 
columbinus (Ooccyzus), 
374. ^ 
columbinus (Pyrrhococcyx), 
374. 
concolor (Chizajrhis), 

453. 
concolor (Coliphiraus), 
451, 453, 455. 
concolor (Oorythaix), 

453. 
concolor (Corythaixoides), 
453. 
concolor (JVIusophaga), 

454. 
concolor (Sehizoi'his), 
454. 
concolor (Turacus), 454. 
concretus (Ouculus), 241. 
concretus (Nicoclarius), 
242. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

conirostris (Indicator), 

10. 
conirostris (Melignothes), 
10. 
consobrinus (Lignobucco), 
47. 
coquerelli (Ooua), 412. 
coquerelli (Sericosomus), 

412. 
corallirJiynchus (Melias), 
377. 
corallirhynclms (Phcenicophaus), 
378. 
Ooromandel Crested 
Ouckoo, 217. 
eoromandelicus (Ouculus), 
215. 
cororaandus (Ooccystes), 
214, 215. 
coromandus (Ouculus), 

214. 
coromandus (Oxylopb us), 
215. 
cdrvina (Cbotorea), 58. 
corvina (Chotorbea), 56. 
corvina (Mcgalsema), 56. 
corvina (Megalaima), 56. 
corvinus (Bucco), 56. 
Corydonyx, 331. 
Corythseola, 449. 
Oorythaix, 436. 
corytbaix (Oorythaix), 
440. 
oorythaix (Speleetos), 
440. 
corythaix (Turacus), 440. 
Corythaixoides, 450. 
Corythrix, 436. 
costaricensis (Malacoptila), 
196. 
Ooua, 368, 405, 409. 
Ooua casseur d'escargots, 

413. 
Ooua Famao-acora, 413. 
Ooua verdatre, 412. 
Coucal, Chestnut, 343. 
Coucal de Tintingue, 
408. 
Coucal geant, 340. 
Ooucal houhou, 360. 
Coucal noiru, 357. 
Coucal rufin, 352. 
Coucal violet, 337. 
Coucou,247, 304. 
Ooucou a collier blanc, 
215. 
Coucou a gros bee, 316. 
Ooucou a tete grise de 
Java, 208. 
Coucou a ventre rave de 
1'Isle de Panay, 232. 

Coucou bleu de Madagascar, 
406. 
Coucou brun et jaune a 
ventre raye, 232. 
Coucou brun varie de 

noire, 314. 
Coucou criard, 260. 
Coucou d'Andalousie, 


212. 
Coucou de Klaas. 283. 
Coucou de la Caroline, 
308. 
Coucou de S. Domingue, 
308. 
Coucou de Madagascar. 
350. 
Coucou des Paletuviers 
de Cayenne, 304. 
Coucou des Philippines, 

349. 
Coucou du Cap de Bonne 
Espe ranee, 247. 
Coucou du Senegal, 360. 
Coucou Edolis, 217, 221, 

223. 
Coucou hupe de Ooromandel, 
214. 
Coucou hupe de la cote 
de Ooromandel, 217. 
Coucou hupe du Bresil, 

431. 
Coucou hupe du Ooromandel, 
214. 
Coucou huppe a collier, 

215. 
Coucou huppe de Madagascar, 
409. 
Coucou huppe noir et 
blanc, 212. 
Coucou noir de Benpale, 

316. 
Coucou noir de Cayenne, 
203. 
Coucou noir de Cayenne, 
Le petit, 207. 
Coucou noir des Indes, 

322. 
Coucou solitaire, 258. 
Coucou tacheron, 316. 
Coucou tachete de Ben-
gale, 316. 
Coucou tachete de Cayenne, 
423. 
Coucou tachete de la 
Chine, 316. 
Coucou tachete de 1'Isle 
de Panay, 321 
Coucou tachete de Malabar, 
316. 
Coucou tachete de Mindanao, 
321. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

Coucou tachete* des Indes, 

322. 
Coucou tachete des Indes 
Orientales, 325. 
Coucou verdatre de 
Madagascar, 412. 
Coucou vert d'Antigua, 

349. 
Coucou vert dore et 
blanc, 285. 
Coucou vert du Cap de 
Bonne Esperance, 285. 
Coucou vert hupe de 
Guinee, 437. 
Coucou vulgaire d'Afrique, 
244. 
Coucou vulgaire d'Europe, 
247. 
Coulion vert, 407. 
crassirostris (Chalco


coccyx), 301. 
crassirostris (Cuculus), 
238, 301, 316. 
crassirostris (Hieroooccyx), 
238. 
crassirostris fLamprococcyx), 
301. 
crawfurdii (Phcenicophaus), 
391. 
Crested Black Cuckoo, 

223. 
cristata (Coua), 409, 
410. 
cristata (Corythseola), 
449. 
cristata (Musophaga), 
449. 
cristata (Guira), 434. 
cristatus (Coccyzus), 409. 
cristatus (Coua), 409. 
cristatus (Cuculus), 391, 
409. 
cristatus (Ptiloleptus), 
434. 
cristatus (Schizorhis), 
449. 
cristatus (Sericosomus), 
409. 
cristatus (Serisomus), 
409. 
cristatus (Turaous), 449. 
croceus (Pteroglossus), 
136. 
Crotophaga, 427. 
Crown bird from Mexico, 
437. 
Cuckoo, Bee, 212. 
Cuckoo, Black Indian, 
316. 
Cuckoo, 
Brown and 
Spotted Indian, 3J6. 

Cuckoo, Corornandel 
Crested, 217. 
Cuckoo, Great Spotted, 

212. 
Cuckoo, Long-heeled, 
350. 
Cuckoo, Shining, 295. 
Cuckoo, Society, 314. 
Cuckow, Abyssinian, 
212. 
Cuckow, Black-breasted, 
223. 
Cuckow, Blue, 406. 
Cuckow, Blue-headed, 
324. 
Cuckow, Collared, 215. 
Cuckow, Crested Black, 
223. 
Cuckow, Egyptian, 360. 
Cuckow, Fan-tailed, 266. 
Cuckow, Minder's, 324. 
Cuckow, Gilded, 285. 
Cuckow, Great Madagascar, 
412. 
Cuckow, Madagascar, 

409, 412. 
Cuckow, Pisan, 212. 
Cuckow, Tipped, 279. 
Cuckow, White-rumped, 

207. 
cucullatus (Andigena), 
134. 
cucullatus (Pteroglossus), 
134. 
cuculoides (Centropus), 
381. 
cuculoides (Taccocua), 
382. 
Cuculus, 201, 240. 
Cucupicus, 99. 
culik (Pteroglossus), 152. 
culminatus (Ramphastos), 
124,130. 
Cultrides, 415. 
cumingii (Dasylophus), 

404. 
cumingii (Lepidogrammus), 
404, 405. 
cumingii (Phcenicophaus), 
404. 
cuneicauda (Eudynamis), 

314. 
cupreus (Chalcites), 280, 
286. 
cupreus (Chrysococcyx), 
281,285,459. 
cupreus (Cuculus), 280, 

285. 
cupreus (Lamprococcyx), 
286. 
Curasaotf, Blue, 449. 
Cureus, 302. 
cursor (Coua), 411. 
cursor (Sericosomus), 

412. 
Curucui, Blue-cheeked, 
62. 
Curucui, Spotted, 291. 
curvirostris (Cuculus), 
397. 
curvirostris (Phoenicophaus), 
397, 399. 
curvirostris (Rhamphococcyx), 
397. 
curvirostris (Rhinococcyx), 
397, 398. 
cuvieri (Rampbastos), 

130. 
cuvieri (Rhamphastos), 
124,130. 
cyanescens (Galbula), 

167. 
cyaneicollis (Galbula), 
164,169. 
cyaneus (Crax), 449. 
cyanicollis (Bucco), Q2. 
cyanocephala (Eudyna


mis), 324, 326. 
cyanocephala (Galbula), 

169. 
cyanocephalus (Bucco), 
94. 
cyanocephalus (Cuculus), 
324. 
cyanocollis (Capito), 62. 
cyanolo2mu« (Aulacorhamphus), 
154,160. 
cyanopogon (Galbula), 

169. 
Cyanops, 15, 61. 
cyan ops (Bucco), 62. 
cyanotis (Bucco), 87. 
cyanotis (Cyanops), 87. 
cyanotis (Megalamia), 
87. 
cyanotis (Mesobucco), 
87. 
cyanotis (Xantholaema), 
87. 
Cyphos, 179. 
cyphos (Capito), 186. 
darnaudi (Micropogon), 

105. 
darnaudi (Trachypbonus), 
105. 
Dasylophus, 368, 403. 
clavi-soni (Cyanops), 65. 
davisoni (Megalasma), 

65. 
daviBoni (Megalaima), 
65. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

decorus (Cuculus), 405. 
delalandei (Coccyzus), 

413. 
delalandei (Cochlothraustes), 
413. 
delalandei (Ooua), 413. 
delalandei (Cuculus), 

413. 
delalandei (Sericosomus), 
413. 
derbianus (Aulacorhamphu.
s), 154, 155, 156. 
derbianus (Aulacorhynchus), 
155. 
derbianus (Pteroglossus), 

155. 
diadematum (Trichohema), 
33. 
diadematus (Indicator), 

9. 
diadematus (La3modon), 
33. 
diadematus (Pogonias), 
33 
diadematus (Pogonorhynchus), 
33. 
diarcli (Melias), 390. 
diardi (Phcenicophaus), 

390. 
diardi (Rhopodytes), 
390. 
diardi (Zanclostomus), 
390. 
dicolorus (Ramphastos), 
133. 
dicolorus (Rhamphaatos), 
124,133. 
dicruroides (Cacangelus), 

227. 
dicruroides (Cuculus), 
227. 
dicruroides (Pseudornis), 
227. 
dicruroides (Surniculus), 
227. 
didymus (Pteroglobsus), 
138,147. 
dimidiatus (Aulacorharaphus), 
154,160. 
dimidiatus (Oentrococcvx), 
353. 
dimidiatus (Centropus), 

352. 
Diplopterus, 423. 
dominica (Piaya), 309. 
dominicse (Coccyzus), 
306. 
dominicensis (Coccyzus), 
369. 
doimnicensis 
(Saurothera), 
369. 

dominicus (COCCYZUS), 
304,309,311. " 
dominicus (Cuculus), 

308. 
Doubtful Barbet, liy. 
Dromococcyx, 425. 
Dryococcyx, 368. 
dubius (Bucco), 15. 
dubius (Lairaodon), 16. 
dubius (Pogonias), 16. 
dubius (Pogonorhamphus), 
16. 
dubius (Pogonorhynchus), 
15, 19. 
duchaillui (Barbatula), 


38. 
duchaillui (Buccanodon), 
38. 
duchaillui (Cladurus), 39. 
duchaillui (Megalsema), 
39. 
duchaillui (Megalaima), 
39. 
duchaillui (Pogonias), 
38. 
duchaillui (Pogonorhynchus), 
39. 
duchaillui (Xylobucco), 


39. 
dumetorum (Cacomantis), 
272. 
dumetorum (Cuculus), 

272. 
duvauceli (Mesobuceo), 
85. 
duvaucelii (Bubutus), 
393. 
duvaucelii (Bucco), 85. 
duvaucelii (Megalsema), 
86. 
duvaucelii (Megalaima), 
86,87. 
duvaucelii (XantholiBma), 
86. 
Dynamene, 315. 
dysoni (Bucco), 180, 182. 
clysoni (Notharchus), 

182. 
dysonomus 
(Cacomantis), 
269. 

eclolius (Cuculus), 217, 

223. 
edolius (Oxylophus), 217, 
223. 
ejulans (Cuculus), 234. 
elegans (Bucco), 116. 
elegans (Eubucco), 116. 
elongatus (Melias), 389. 
elongatus (Plioenicuphaes), 
389. 

elongatus (Phceiiicophaus), 
389. 
elongatus (Rhopodytes), 

389. 
elongatus (Zanclostomus), 
389. 
emini (Indicator), 12. 
eogabter (Pogonorhyn


chus), 20. 
epomidis (Centropus), 


357. 
Erythrobucco, 13, 16. 
erythrocephala (Capito), 
erythrocephalus (Capito), 

erythrocepbalus (Eubucco), 
111. 
erythrocephalus (Traehyphonus), 
102, 103. 

eryihrognathus (Aulacorhamphus), 
153, 154. 
erythrognathus (Phceni


cophffius), 398. 
erythrognathus (Rliamphococcyx), 
399. 
erythrognathus (Rhopodytes), 
399. 
erythrognathus (Urococeyx), 
398. 
erythrolopha (Corythaix), 
444. 
erythrolopha (Musopkaga), 
444. 
erythrolophus (Opa2thus), 
444. 
eryth roloph us(Spelectos), 

444. 
erythrolophus (Turacus), 
444. 
erythromelas (Pogonia), 
16. 
erythronota (Barbatula), 
43. 
erythronotus (Bucco), 
43,111. 
Erythrophrys, 302. 
erythrophtbalmus (Coc


cyzus), 311, 460. 
erythrophthalnids (Cuculus), 
311. 
erythropygia (Greococcyx), 
422. 
erythropygia (Piaya), 

422. 
erythropygius (Morococcyx), 
422. 
erythropygius (Pyrrhoeoccyx), 
422. 
erythropygius 
(Ptero>
lossus), 13S, 143, 144. 

erythropygos (Micropogon), 
103. 
erythropygos (Lypornix), 

103. 
erythropygos (Tamatia), 
103. 
erythropygus (Ooccyzus), 
422. 
erythropygus (Moroeoccyx), 
422. 
erythrorhyncha (Piaya), 

380. 
erythrorhynchus (Eamphastos), 
128. 
erythrorhynchus 
(Ehamphastos), 
124, 128, 

129. 
erythrosoma (Eampbastos), 
132. 
Eubucco, 107. 
Eudynamis, 211, 315. 
Eudynamys, 315. 
eugnathus (Eamphas


tos), 127, 
euleri (Ooccyzus), 309. 
eurycercus (Oentrococ


cyx), 344. 
eurycercus (Oentropus), 

344. 
excellens (Diplopterus), 
424. 
exilis (Indicator), 11. 
exilis (Melignostes), 11. 
exilis (Melignothes), 11. 
extoni (Barbatula), 43, 
457. 
faber (Cyanops), 75. 
faber (Megalsema), 75. 
faber (Megalaima), 75. 
facialis (Eudynamis), 

327. 
faiostrictus (Bucco), 76. 
Fan-tailed Cuckow, 266. 
fasciatus (Coliphimus), 
452. 
fasciatus (Ouculus), 242, 
314,344. 
fasciolata (Ehinortha), 

393. 
fasciolatus (Cacomantis), 
263. 
fasciolatus (Ouculus), 
263. 
felicise (Chizaerhis), 454. 
ferrnginea (Piaya), 303. 
ferrugineus (Ooccyzus), 
303. 
ferrugineus (Nesococcyx), 
303. 
fischeri (Barbatula), 46. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

fischeri (Oentropus), 359. 
fischeri (Gorythaix), '443. 
fischeri (Turacus), 443. 
flabelliformis (Oacoman


tis), 266. 
fiammulatus (Nyctastes), 

190. 
fiavicollis (Oapito), 89, 
112. 
fiavicollis (Indicator), 6. 
fiavicollis (Micropogon), 
112. 
flavifrons (Bucco), 65. 
flavifrons (Cyanops), 65. 
flavifrons (Megalaima), 
65. 
flavifrons (Megalaiina), 

65. 
flavigula (Bucco), 89. 
flavigula (Megalaima), 

89. 
flavigula (Xanthokema), 
89. 
flavigularis (Chrysococcyx), 
282. 
flavirnentum (Barbatula), 

46. 
flavipunctata (Tricholaema), 
28. 
flavirostris (Ceuthmochares), 
401. 
flavirostris (Ooccyzus), 

309. 
flavirostris (Gralbula), 
168. 
flavirostris (Monacha), 
203, 204. 
flavirostris (Monasa), 

204. 
flavirostris (Phoenicophaes), 
401. 
flavirostris (Pteroglosaus), 
138, 144, 145. 
flavirostris (Zanclostomus),
40l,402. 
flaviscapulatus (Indicator), 
5. 
flavisquamata (Barbatula), 
47. 
ilaviventris (Ouculus), 
232, 237. 
flaviventris (Hierococcyx), 
237. 
flavostictus (Bucco), 76. 
flavostriata (Megalaima), 

76. 
flavus (Oacomantis), 268, 
flavus (Ouculus), 266, 
268, 277, 279. 
flavus (Surmculus), 2G8, 

277. 
Plinder's Cuckow, 324. 
Hinder si (Eudynamis), 

324. 
flindersii (Ouculus), 324. 
formosa (Barbatula), 
38. 
formosus (Pteroglossus), 
137,139. 
forsterorum (Ramphastos), 
130. 
francisci (Oentropus), 

358. 
franklini (Bucco), 69. 
franklini (Cyanops), 69. 
franklini (Megalsema), 
69. 
franklini (Megalaima), 
69. 
frantzii (Pteroglossus), 
138,142. 
frantzii (Tetragonops), 

120. 
frontalis (Bucco), 85. 
frontalis (Malacoptila), 
201. 
frontalis (Nonnula), 199, 
201. 
frontalis (Pogonorhyncbus), 
34. 
frontatum (Tricholsema), 

34. 
frontatus (Pogonorhynchus), 
34. 
fucatus (Ouculus), 253. 
fugax (Ouculus), 236. 
fugax (Hierococcyx), 

236. 
fuliginosa (Barbatula), 
36. 
fuliginosa(G-ymnobucco), 
36. 
fuliginosus (Bucco), 51. 
fuliginoaus (Galorhamphus), 
50, 51. 
fuliginosus (Gymnocranus), 
36. 
fuliginosus (Micropogon), 
51. 
fulvigularis (Malacoptila), 
193,198. 

fulviventris (Brachygalba), 
171, 172. 
fulvogularis (Malaco


ptila), 198. 
fusca (Malacoptila), 193. 
fusca (Monasa), 194, 

195. 
fusca (Tamatia), 193. 
fuscescens (Bucco), 26. 
fuscicapilla (Galbula), 
167. 
fuscieapillus (JBucco), SO. 
luscus (Bucco), 103, 105. 
Jfuscus (Oapito), 19,"). 

gabonensis (Ouculus), 

259. 
Galbalcyrhynchus, 101, 

175. 
Galbula, 161, 163. 
galbula (Aleedo), 164 
galeritus (Ouculus), 424. 
galeritus (Diplopterus), 

424. 
Gallirex, 446. 
Geococcyx, 419. 
geoffroyi (Coccyzus), 

416. 
geoffroyi (Coua), 416. 
geoffroyi (Oultrides), 

416. 
geoffroyi (Neomorplius), 

416. 
Geotacco, 425. 
gigantea (Chizaerhis), 

449. 
gigantea (Musophaga), 

449. 
gigantea (Saurothera), 
*370. 
giganteus (Bucco), 183. 
giganteus (Capito), 183. 
giganteus (Oorydonix), 

340. 
giganteus (Gallirex), 

449. 
giganteus (Phimus), 

449. 
giganteus (Turacus), 

449. 
gigas (Oentropus), 340. 
gigas (Corytbaix), 449. 
gigas (Coua), 412, 413. 
gigas (Polophilus), 340. 
gigas (Serieosomus), 413. 
gigas (Tamatia), 182. 
Gilded Cuckow, 285. 
glaber (Bbarnpbastos), 

147. 
glandarius (Coccystes), 

212. 
glandarius (Coccyzus). 
212,458. 
glandarius (Ouculus), 

212. 
glandarius (Oxylopbus), 

213. 
Glaucococcyx, 405. 
glaucogularis (Oapito), 

glaucogularis (Micropogon), 
117. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

goeringi (Brachygalba), 
171, 172. 
goifini (Oapito), 106 
goiftni (Tracbyphonus), 

106. 
goliath (Oentropus), 335. 
goliatb (JNesoeentor), 

335. 
goulcli (Selenidera), 148, 
149, 150. 
gouldii (Pteroglossus), 

150. 
gracilis (Coccyzusa), 379. 
gracilis (Coccyzus), 379. 
gracilis (Ouculus), 212. 
gracilis (Piaya), 379. 
Grammarhyncbus, 137. 
granadensis (Oapito), 

115. 
Grand Barbet, 52. 
Grand Barbu, 52, 53. 
Grand Barbu de la Chine, 

52. 
Grand Bout-de-Petun, 

428. 
Grand Ooucou de Madagascar, 
412. 
Grand Indicateur, 6, 7. 
grandior (Monacba), 203, 

205. 
grandior (Monasa), 205. 
grand is (Aleedo J, 176. 
grandis (Bucco), o2, 53. 
grandis (Capito), 52. 
grandis (Galbula), 176. 
grand id (Jacamerops), 
176, 177. 
grandis (Lamprotila), 

176. 
grandis (Megalaima), 53. 
Great Spotted Cuckoo, 

212. 
Greater Ani, 428. 
Green Barbet, 83. 
grilli (Oentropus), 357. 
Grosbeak, Three-toed, 

22. 
guianensis (Coccyzus), 

guianensis (Pyrrhocoeoyx), 
374. 
Guifso Balito, 22. 
Guira, 433. 
guira (Coccyzus), 434. 
guira (Ouculus), 434. 
guira (Diplopterus), 

434. 
guira (Guira), 433. 
guira (Octopteryx), 433. 
guira (Ptiloleptus), 433. 
gularis (Bucco), 94. 

gularis (Capito), 187. 
gularis (Ouculus), 244. 
gularis (Tamatia), 187. 
gutturalis (Bucco), 8b. 
Gvmnobuceo, 14, 34, 


36. 

Gymnocranus, 34. 
Gymnopus, 265. 
Gymnosehizorhis, 455. 


babessinicus (Pogonorhyncbus), 
23. 
hseinacephala (Megalaima), 
90. 
litem acepbala (XantbolsBma), 
90. 
hsemacephalus (Bucco), 

89. 
hsematocephala (Xatholajma), 
89. 
hasinatops (Pogonias) 

22. 
hsematopygius (Aulacorhamphus), 
154, 158. 
hasmafcopygus (Pteroglossus), 
158. 
Haliouts, 411. 
Hapaloptila, 179, 202. 
Harefets, 411. 
barringtoni(Bryococcyx), 

barringtoni (Phoenicopbaes), 
400. 
bartlaubi (Capito), 115, 
118, 119. 
bartlaubi (Corytbaix), 

445. 
bartlaubi (Coua), 412. 
bartlaubi (Eubucco), 

118. 
bartlaubi (Turacus) 

445. 
havanensis (Saurotbera), 

370. 
bayi (Bucco), 50. 
bayi (Calorhamphus), 

50. 
bayi (Megalorhynchus), 

50. 
hayi (Psilopus), 50. 
Heboc, 412. 
Heliobuceo, 36. 
belviventris (Coccyzus), 

304. 
benriei (Cyanops), 67. 
henricii (Bucco), 67. 
benricii (Megalsema), 

67. 
henricii (Megalaima), 67. 
bepaticus (Ouculus), 247, 
Heterodes, 11. 

Heteroscenes, 240. 
houglini (Ouculus), 258. 
Hierococcyx, 210, 231. 
himalayanus (Ouculus), 

252, 263. 
himalayensis (Ouculus), 

255. 
hirsuturn (Tricholsema), 
28. 
hirsutus (Laiinodon), 
28. 
hirsutus (Pogonias), 

28. 
hirsutus (Pogonorbynchus), 
28. 
hodgsoni (Chalcites), 

292. 
hodgsoni (Chotorhea), 
80. 
hodgsoni (Chrysococcyx), 
291. 
hodgsoni (Ouculus), 292. 
hodgsoni (Cvanop&\ 
. 81. 
hodgsoni (Megalaatna), 
80. 
hodgsoni (Megalaima), 
SO. 
honorata (Euclynamis), 
316, 460. 
honoratus (Ouculus), 

316. 
Hornbill, Anomalous, 
330. 
Hornbill, Psittaceous, 
330. 
horsfieldi (Ouculus), 253. 
humboldti (Pteroglossus), 
138, 146. 
humei (Megaloama), 72. 
Hyetomantis, 372. 
Hyetornis, 367, 372. 
hyperrbynchus (Bucco), 

179,180, 183. 
hyperrhynchus (Notharchus), 
183. 
hyperrhynchus(Tatnatia), 

183. 
hyperytbrus (Ouculus), 
237, 242. 
hyperythrus (Hieroeoc. 
cyx), 237. 
hypnalea (Chaunornis), 

189. 
Hypnalus, 179. 
hypoglauca (Andigena), 
134. 
hypoglaucus (Andigena), 
133,134, 135, 
hypoglaucus (Pteroglossus), 
134. 

A LPH V BKTI0A L IN D E X. 

hypopinarius (Ooceystes), 
220, 459. 

Tchthierax, 450. 
Idiococcyx, 392. 
igniceps (Bucco), 69. 
igniceps (Corythaix), 

444. 
inca (Rbamphastos), 124, 
129. 
incognita (Cyanops), 68. 
incognita (Megalsema), 
68. 
incognita (Megalaima), 
68. 
Indian Barbet, 89. 
indica (Megalaima), 89. 
indica (Xantholsema), 
89. 
Indicator, 2. 
indicator (Ouculus), 5. 
indicator (Indicator), 5, 
458. 
indicus (Bucco), 89. 
indicus (Ouculus), 253, 
316. 
indicus (Eudynamis), 
317. 
infaustus (Oacomantis), 
273. 
infaustus (Ouculus), 273» 
infuscata (Taccoeua), 
382. 
infuscatus (Oacomantis), 
276. 
infuscatus (Ouculus), 
276. 
infuscatus (Zanclostomus), 
382. 
inornata (Brachygalba), 


172. 
inornata (Galbula), 171, 
172. 
inornata (Jacamaralcyon), 
172. 
inornata (Malacoptila), 
193, 194, 196, 197. 
inornata (Megalaema), 


78. 
inornata (Monasa), 197. 
inornatus (Oacomantis), 
261. 
inornatus (Ouculus), 261. 
inscriptus (Pteroglossus), 
137, 138, 146, 
insertus (Oacomantis), 


267. 
insertus (Ouculus), 266. 
insignia (Hetasrodes), 
12. 
insignis (Indicator), 12. 
•471 
insignis (Prodotiscus), 

12. 
insperatus (Cacomantis), 
273. 
insperatus (Ouculus), 
273. 
intermedia (Xantbolsema), 
97. 
intermedins (Centroeoccyx), 
345. 
intermedins (Centropus), 

345. 
intermedius (Ceuthmocbares), 
402. 
intermedius (Chalcites), 

281. . 
intermedius (Chrysococcyx), 
281. 
intermedius (Ouculus), 
252,281,459. 
irroratus (Melanobucco), 

25. 
irroratus (Pogonorhynchus), 
25. 
isidori (Bubutus), 393. 
isidori (Jacamerops), 

177. 
isidori (Lamprotila), 
177. 
jacamaciri (Galbula), 

176. 
Jacamaciri of Marcgrave, 
The, 164. 
Jacamar a bee jaune, 

168. 
Jacamar a gorge rousse, 
Le, 164. 
Jacamar a longue queue, 
Le, 162. 
Jacamar a queue rousse, 
Le, 166. 
Jacamar a ventre blanc, 
Le, 170, 174. 
Jacamar, Great, 176. 
Jacamar, Green, 164. 
Jacamar ieune age, Le, 

169. 
Jacamar, Le, 164. 
Jacamar, Paradise, 162. 
Jacamar, Petit, 168. 
Jacamar proprement dit, 
Le, 164. 
Jacamar, Rufous-tailed, 

166. 
Jacamar, White-bellied, 
168. 
Jacamaralcion, Le, 174. 
Jacamaralcyon, 161, 
374. 
Jaeamaralcyonides, 175. 

Jacamarici, 176. 

Jacamerops, 161, 176. 

Jacammaciri, Le, 176. 

Jacobin huppe de Coro


mandel, 217. 

jaoobinus (Coceystes), 

217, 220,458. 

jaoobinus (Ouculus), 217. 

jacobinus (Oxylophus), 

218. 
jamaicensis (Coccyzus), 
372. 
jamaicensis (Saurothera), 
370. 
javanensis (Oentrococcyx), 
355. 
javanensis (Centropus), 

355. 
javanica (Centropus), 
343. 
javanicus (Ouculus), 354. 
javanicus (Centropus), 
355. 
javanicus (Melias), 380. 
javanicus (Phoenicophaes), 
380. 
javanicus (Zanelosto


mus), 380, 
javensis (Bucco), 5Q. 
javensis (Chotorhea), 56. 
javensis (Megahema), 

57. 
javensis (Megalaima), 56. 
jerdoni (Phoenicophaus), 
385. 
julieni (Coceystes), 309. 
kelungensis (Ouculus), 

253. 
kilimensis (Smilorhis), 
37. 
Kingfisher, Swallow-
tailed, 162. 
klaasi (Chrysococcyx), 
283 
klaasi'(Cuculus), 283. 
klaasi (Lamprococcyx), 

283. 
klasii (Cbalcites), 283. 
kotorea (Bucco), 56. 
Kotterea, Le, 77. 
lachrymosa (Tricholasma), 
31. 
lachrymosum (Trichol&
ma), 31. 
lachrymosus (Pogonorhyncbus), 
31. 

ALPHABETICAL ItfDEX. 

Irevirostra (Crotophaga), 

430. 
1 inurostris (Laimodon), 
18. 
ljienrostris (Pogonias), 
18. 
lafresnayanus (Centropus), 
351. 
lagrandieri (Cyanops), 

75. 
lagrandieri (Megalgema), 
75. 
lagrandieri (Megalaima), 
75. 
Laimodon, 15. 
lalandii (Coua), 413. 
laminirostris (Andigena), 
134, 135. 
Lamprococcyx, 280. 
Lampromorpha, 280. 
Lamprotila, 176. 
lanceolata (Bucco), 199. 
lanceolata (Micromona


cha), 199. 
lanceolatus (Capifco), 

199. 
lanceolatus (Ouculus), 
268. 
lanceolatus (JSTystalus), 
199. 
langsdorffi (Pteroglossus), 
150. 
langsdorffi (Selenidera), 
149, 150. 
lansbergi (Coccyzus), 

303. 
lathami (Bucco), 50, 
89. 
latliami (Calorbarnphus), 
50. 
lathami (Capito), 89. 
lathami (Centropus), 
352. 
lathami (Oorydonix), 
352. 
lathami (Cuculus), 236. 
lathami (Polophilus), 
352. 
lathami (Megalaima), 89. 
lathami (Megalorhynchus), 
50. 
leopoldi (Gymnosehizorhis), 
456. 
leopoldi (Schizorhis), 

456. 
lepidocephalus (Pteroglossus), 
148. 
Lepidogrammus, 368, 

404. 
lepidus 
(Centrococcyx), 
352,354. 

lepidus (Centropus), 352, 

354. 
leptodetus (Cuculus), 
244, 256. 
Leptostoma, 419. 
leptura (Galbnla), 


1()6. 
leschenaulti (Acentetus), 

382. 
leschenaulti (Taccocua), 
381. 
leschenaulti (Zanclostomus), 
382. 
lessoni (Diplopterus), 

424. 
leucocephalus (Laimodon), 
21. 
leucocephalus (Melanobucco), 
21. 
leucocephalus (Pogonias), 

21. 
leucocephalus (Pogonorhynchus), 
21. 
leucocrissus (Bucco), 

182. 
leucogaster (Caucalius), 
170. 
leucogaster (Centropus), 
358. 
leucogaster (Chizarhis), 
452. 
leucogaster (Corydonix), 
358. 
leucogaster (Melanobucco), 
22. 
leucogaster (Musophaga), 

452. 
leucogaster (Phoenicophaus), 
395. 
leucogaster (Pogonorhynchus), 
22. 
leucogaster (Polophilus), 

358. 
leucogaster (Schizorhis), 
452. 
leucogaster (Turacus), 
453. 
leucogastra (G-albula), 
163,364,170,171. 
leueolasma (Barbatula), 
45, 457. 
leucolaima (Barbatula), 

45. 
leucolaima (Megalaima), 
45. 
leucolopha (Musophaga), 
444. 
leucolophus (Caliechthrus), 
225,226. 
leucolophus (Corythaix), 

444. 
leucolophus (Cuculus), 

225. 
leucolophus (Eudynamis), 
226. 
leucolophus (Hierococcyx), 
226. 
leucolophus (Sitnotes), 

226. 
leucolophus (Turacus), 
444. 
leucomelan (Tricholasma), 
31, 457. 
leucomelas (Bucco), 31. 
leucomelas (Coccyzus), 

217. 
leucomelas (Laimodon), 
24, 32. 
leucomelas (Pogonias), 

leucomelas (Pogonorhyn


chus), 32. 
leuconotus (Bucco), 18. 
leucops (Bucco), 204. 
leucops (Oapito), 2Q4. 
leucops (Lypornix), 204. 
leucops (Monasa), 204. 
leucops (Tamatia), 204. 
leucorhynchus (Bucco), 

80. 
leucotis (Alcyonides), 
175. 
leucotis (Barbatula), 37. 
leucotis (Bucco), 191. 
leucotis (Oauecias), 175. 
leucotis (Corythaix), 
436. 
leucotis (G-albalcyrbynchus), 
175. 
leucotis (Indicator), 5. 
leucotis (Jacamaralcyo


nides), 175. 
leucotis (Megalsema), 37. 
leucotis ' (Megalaima), 

37. 
leucotis (Musophaga), 
437. 
leucotis (Smilorhis), 37. 
leucotis (Tamatia), 191. 
leucotis (Turacus), 436. 
leucuropyga (Oentropus), 
351. 
levaillanti (Coccyzus), 
221. 
levaillanti (Cuculus), 
221. 
levaillanti (Indicator), 5, 
6,8. 

levaillanti (Melanobucco), 
20. 
levaillanti (Oxylophus), 

221. 
VOL. XIX. 

ALPHAB BTICAL INDEX. 

levaillantii (Bucco), 20. 
levaillantii (Pogonias), 

20. 
levaillantii (Pogonorhynchus), 
20. 
levaillantii (Ramphastos), 
129. 
libanoticus (Ouculus), 

247. 
lichtensteini (Pteroglossus), 
159. 
lignator (Oentropus), 

352. 
lignatus (Cenfcrococoyx), 
352. 
Lignobucco, 38. 
limborgi (Ohrysococcyx), 
g 289. 
lineata (Bucco), 78. 
lineata (Oyanops), 80. 
lineata (Megalasnaa), 80. 
lineata (Megalaima), 

80. 
lineatus (Bucco), 80. 
lineatus (Oapito), 80. 
lineatus (Ouculus), 244, 
268. 
Little Barbet, 89. 
liviugstonii (Corythaix), 
439. 
livingstonii (Turacus), 
439. 
longicauda (Galbula), 
162. 
longicauda (Leptostoma), 
419. 
longicaudatus (Phcenicophaeus), 
386. 
longipennis (Ouculus), 

247. 
lucida (Rhinortha), 393. 
lucidus (Chalcites), 295, 
297. 
lucidus (Ohrysococcyx), 
291, 294, 295, 297, 
298, 299, 301. 

lucidus 
(Ouculus), 291, 
294, 295, 297, 298, 

299. 
lucidus (Lamprococcyx), 
295, 297, 299. 
lucidus (Phcenicophaus), 

393. 
lugubris (Brachycex), 
172. 
lugubris (Braohygalba), 
171, 172. 
lugubris (Oacangelus), 

227. 
lugubris (Ouculus), 227. 
lugubris (Galbula), 171. 
lugubris (Jacamaralcyon), 
171. 
lugubris (Polyphasia), 

227. 
lugubris (Pseudornis), 
227. 
lugubris (Surniculus), 
227. 
luteus (Bucco), 89. 
luzonensis (Trogon), 31. 
Lypornix, 202. 
maclellandi (Megalaima), 

80. 
macrocercus (Coccyzus), 
373. 
macrodactylus (Argicus), 
187. 
macrodactylus (Bucco), 
179, 180, 186, 187. 
macrodactylus (Oapito), 

186. 
macrodactylus (Oyphos), 
186. 
macrodactylus (Tamatia), 
186. 
macrorhyncha (Corythaix), 
441. 
macrorhyncha (Musophaga), 
442. 
macrorhynchos (Tamatia), 
183. 
macrorhynchus (Bucco), 
180, 181, 182, 183. 
macrorhynchus (Oapito), 
181, 182, 183. 
macrorhynchus (Oyphos), 

181. 
macrorhynchus (Notharchus), 
181. 
macrorhynchus (Tamatia), 
181. 
macrorhynchus (Turacus), 
441. 
macroura (Q-albula), 

166. 
macroura (Piaya), 373macrourus 
(Geotacco), 
426. 
maorurus (Oentropus), 
340. 
macrurus (Coccyzus), 
374. 
macrurus (Cuculus), 212. 
macrurus(Pyrrhococcyx), 
374. 
maculata (Alcedo), 190. 
maculata (Eudynamis), 
317. 
maculata (Tamatia), 
189. 
2i 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

maeulatus (Bucco), 111, 
179, 180, 190, 191. 
maeulatus (Capito), 190. 
maeulatus (Ohalcococ


cyx), 291. 
maeulatus (Chrysococcyx), 
292. 
maeulatus (Corydonix), 

352. 
maeulatus (Cuculus), 
292, 316. 
maeulatus (Indicator), 

9. 
maeulatus (Laruprococcyx), 
292. 
maeulatus (Nyctastes), 

190. 
maeulatus (Nystalus), 
190. 
maeulatus (Pteroglossus), 
149. 
maeulatus (Ramphastos), 
149. 
maeulatus (Tamatia), 
190. 
maeulatus (Trogon), 
291. 
maculicauda (Gralbula), 
165. 
maeulicollis (Indicator), 
8. 
maculicoronatus (Capito), 
109. 
maculirostris (Pteroglossus), 
149. 
maculirostris (Selenidera), 
149, 150. 
madagascariensis (Centropus), 
351. 
madagascariensis (Coceyzus), 
413. 
madagascariensis (Coua), 
412, 413. 
madagascariensis (Cuculus), 
412. 
madagascariensis (Serisomus), 
413. 
magnirosfcris (Ramphastos), 
125. 
major (Orotophaga), 

428. 
major (Indicator), 6, 7, 
9,457. 
major (Pogonias), 16. 
malabariea (Bucco), 9o. 
malabarica (Megalsema), 

95. 
malabarica (Megalaima), 
95. 
malabarica 
(Xanthelasma), 
95. 

Malacoptila, 179, 193. 
malayana (Eudynainis), 

317. 
malayanus (Chalcococcyx), 
298. 
malayanus (Chrysococcyx), 
298. 
malayanus (Cuculus), 
291, 298. 
malayanus (Indicator), 

4. 
malayanus (Lampro coccyx), 
298. 
Maleoha rouverdin, 

397. 
Malkoha, Le, 395. 
margaritaceus (Micropogon), 
103. 
margaritatus (Bucco), 

103. 
margaritatus (Capito), 
103, 
margaritatus (Trachyphonus), 
103, 104. 
margaritieus (Capito), 

103. 
marginata (Saurothera), 
419. 
marginatus (Greococcyx), 
419. ^ 
rnarias (Pteroglossus), 
145, 
marshallorum (Megalsema), 
52, 53. 
masaicum (Trichotejma), 

34. 
massaicus (Pogonorhynchus), 
34. 
maximus (Centrococcyx), 

345. 
maynalensis (Capito), 
116. 
maynanensis (Capito), 
116. 
maynardi (Coccyzus), 
306. 
mechowi (Cercococcyx), 
265. J 
medius (Centrococcyx) 
355. 
medius (Centropus), 354. 
Megalsema, 15,52. 
Megalaima, 52. 
Megalorhynchus, 49. 
megarhynchus (Cacomantis), 
329. 
megarhynchus (Cuculus), 

329. 
megarhynchus (Rhamphomantis), 
329. 
mehleri (Piaya), 374. 

mehleri (Pyrrkococcyx), 

374. 
melacorypha (Piaya), 
307. 
Melanobueco, 14, 17. 
melanocephalum (Trieholsema), 
30. 
melanocephalus (Lairnodon), 
30. 
melanocephalus (Pogonias), 
30. 
melanocephalus (Pogonorhynchus), 
30. 
melanocoryphos (Coccyzus), 
307. 
melanocoryphus (Coccyzus), 
307. 
melanogaster (Coccyzus), 

378. 
melanogaster (Cuculus), 
377. 
melanogaster (Pyrrhococcyx), 
378. 
melanogaster (Phoenicophaus), 
396. 
rnelanogastra (Piaya), 

378. 
melanogenia (Gralbula), 
164, 166. 
melanognathus (Cuculus), 

398. 
melanognathus (Pbcenicophaus), 
397melanoleucos 
(Bucco), 

185. 
melanoleucus (Capito), 
186. 
melanoleucus (Coccystes), 

217. 
melanoleucus (Coccyzus), 
217. 
melanoleucus (Cuculus), 
217. 
melanoleucus (Oxylophus),
217. 
melanoleucus (Tamatia), 

185. 
melanops (Centropus), 
365. 
melanops (Nesocentor), 

365. 
melanops (Py rrhocentor), 
365. 
melanopterus (Laimodon), 
19, 
melanopterus (Melanobueco), 
19. 
melanopterus (Pogonias), 

19. 
melanopterus 
(Pogonorbynehus), 
19, 

melanorhyneha (Eudynamis), 
327. 
melanorhynchus (Oentropus), 
351. 
melanorhynchus (Cueulus), 
307. 
melanorhynchus (Piaya), 

307. 
melanorhynchus (Pteroglossus), 
135. 
melanosterna (Brachycex), 
174. 
melanosterna (Braehygalba), 
171,174. 
melanosterna (Gulbula), 

174. 
melanolis (Capito), 115, 
191. 
melanotis (Tamatia), 
191. 
melanurus (Oentropus), 
341. 
melanurus (Polophilus), 
341. 
Melias, 395. 
Meligno'thes, 2. 
melissophonus (Cueulus), 
212. 
menbeki (Oentropus), 
336. 
menbikii (Oentropus), 
336. 
menebeki (Oentropus), 
336. 
menebeki (Nesocentor), 
336. 
menebiki (Oentropus), 
336, 337. 
meriani (Corythaix), 

442. 
meriani (Musophaga), 
438, 442. 
meriani (Turacus), 442. 
merlini (Coccyzus), 370. 
merlini (Saurothera), 

370. 
merulina (Polyphasia), 
268. 
merulinus (Cacomantis), 
268. 
merulinus (Cueulus), 268. 
Mesobueco, 15, 85. 
mesurus (Coccyzus), 374. 
mesurus (Pyrrhococcyx), 
374. 
metallicus (Cueulus), 
295, 297. 
mexicanus (Coccyzus), 

374. 
mcxicanus (Cueulus), 
• )rr.» 
OtO. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

mexicanus (J)romococcyx), 
426. 
mexicanus (G-eococcyx), 

mexicanus (Phasianus), 

419. 
mexicanus (Pyrrhococcyx), 
374. 
mexicanus (Piaya), 374. 
meyeri (Chalcites), 293. 
meyeri (Ohalcococcyx), 

293. 
meyeri (Chrysococcyx), 
293. 
meyeri (Lamprocoocyx), 
293. 
micliieanus (Cueulus), 
242. 
Microdynamis, 211, 328. 
Micromonacha, 179, 199. 
Micropogon, 99, 107. 
micropterus (Cueulus), 
241. 
microrhynchus (Pteroglossus), 
157. 
milo (Oentropus), 335. 
milo (Nesocentor), 335. 
mindanensis (Cueulus), 

321. 
mindanensis (Eudynamis), 
321. 
mindorensis (Centrococeyx), 
339. 
mindorensis (Oentropus), 

339. 
minimus (Indicator), 9. 
minor (COCCYZUS), 304, 
307. 
minor (Orotophaga), 430. 
minor (Cueulus), 304. 
minor (Indicator), 9. 
minor (Piaya), 304. 
minor (Pogonias), 20. 
minor maynardi (Coccyzus), 
306. 
minuta (Barbatula), 40. 
minuta (Piaya), 378, 

379. 
mimitillus (Chalcites), 
299. 
minutillus (Chrysococcyx), 
298. 
minutillus(Cuculus), 298. 
minutillus (Lamprococ


cyx), 298, 299. 
rainutus (Coccyzus), 378. 
minutus (Pyrrhococcyx), 

379. 
Miaocalius, 279. 
misoriensis (Ohalcococcyx), 
301. 

misoriensis (Lamprocoocyx), 
301. 
molkenboeri (Oentropus), 

354. 
moluccensis (Bucco), 67. 
moluccensis (Centrococcyx), 
354. 
moluccensis (Oentropus), 

354. 
moluccensis (Megalaima), 
67. 
Monacha, 179, 202. 
monachus (Oentropus), 
359. 
monachus (Cueulus), 378. 
Monasa, 202. 
Monastes, 202. 
monosyllabicus (Cueulus), 
253. 
monticola (Cyanops), 74. 
monticolus (Phcenicophseus), 
386. 
Morococcyx, 422. 
morpheus (Monacha), 

203, 204, 205. 
morpheus (Monasa), 205. 
morphoeus (Bucco), 204. 
muschenbroecki (Surnicu


lua),280. 
Musophaga, 447. 
musophaga (Oorythaix), 

440. 
musophagus (Turacus), 
441. 
mystacalis (Malacoptila), 
196. 
mystacalis (Monasa), 196. 
mystacophanes (Bucco), 
72. 
mystacophanes (Ohotorhea), 
72. 
mystacophanes(Cyanops), 

72. 
mystacophanes (Megalsema), 
72. 
mystacophanes (Megalaima), 
72. 
mystacophanos 
(Megalsema), 
72. 

nsevia (Piaya), 424. 
nsevius (Capito), 111. 
nsevius (Coccyzus), 424. 
naevius (Cueulus), 423. 
nsevius (Diplopterus), 

423,424. 
nanus (Bucco), 89. 
nanus (Hierococcyx), 238. 
napensis (Bucco), 182. 
napensis (Notharchus), 

182. 
natalensis (Oentropus), 
362,460. 
nattereri (Pteroglossus), 

151. 
nattereri (Selenidera), 149, 
151. 
nebulosa (Ohotorhea). 
72. 
negleotus (Ouculus), 294. 
Neomorphus, 415. 
nesiotes (Coccyzus), 304. 
Nesocentor, 331. 
Nesocoecyx, 302. 
Nicoclarius, 211, 240. 
niger (Bucco), 31, 111. 
niger (Capito), 111, 113. 
niger (Ouculus), 203, 277, 
316. 
niger (Eudynamis), 322, 
323. 
niger (Grymnopus), 277. 
niger (Laemodon), 32. 
niger (Pogonias), 32. 
niger (Pogonorhynchus), 
32. 
niger (Polyphasia), 277. 
nigra (Eudynamis), 317nigra 
(Monacha), 202, 
203. 
nigricans (Oentropus), 
339. 
nigricans (Ooccystes), 260. 
nigricans (Ouculus), 260. 
nigricans (Polophilus), 
339. 
nigricans (Surniculus), 
260. 
nigricrissa (Piaya), 374. 
nigriorissa (Pyrrhococcyx), 
374. 
nigridens (Pteroglossus), 

145. 
nigrifrons (Bucco), 206. 
nigrif'rons (Oentropus), 
365. 
nigrifrons (Monacha), 
203, 206. 
nigrifrons (Monasa), 206. 
nigrifrons (Nesocentor), 

365. 
nigrifusca (Malacoptila), 
194. 
nigrirostris (Andigena), 
133, 134, 135, 136. 
nigrirostris (Orotophaga), 

432. 
nigrirostris (Pteroglossus), 
135. 
nigrithorax (Bucco), 24. 
nigrithorax (Laimodon), 

24. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

nigrithorax (Pogonias), 

24. 
nigrithorax (Pogonorhynchus), 
24. 
nigntorques (Malacoptila), 
194. 
nigriventris (Phoenicophaus), 
390. 
nigrorufus (Centropua), 

357. 
nigrorufus (Ouculus), 357. 
nisicolor (Ouculus), 237. 
nisicolor (Hierococcyx), 
237. 
Nisocalius, 279. 
nisoides (Hierococcyx), 
235. 
nitens (Ouculus), 295. 
Nonnula, 179, 199. 
Notharchus, 179. 
Nothriscus, 179. 
novae-hollandise (Scythrops), 
330. 
nuchalis (Cyanops), 74. 
nuchalis (Megalasma), 74. 
nuchalis (Megalaima), 74. 
nuchalis (Pteroglossus), 

141. 
Nystactes, 179. 
Nystalus, 179. 
Nystastes, 107. 
occidentalis (Coccyzus), 

311. 
occidentalis (Heteroscenes), 
261. 
occidentalis (Indicator), 

10. 
Octopteryx, 433. 
olivacea (Barbatula), 49. 
olivaceiceps (Ooua), 411. 
olivaceiceps (Sericosomus), 
411. 
olivaceum (Stactolsema), 

49. 
Ololygon, 265. 
oorti (Bucco), 71. 
oorti (Oyanops), 71. 
oorti (Megakema), 71. 
oorti (Megalaima), 67,71. 
Opasthus, 436. 
optatus (Ouculus), 253. 
optatus (Nicoclarius), 253. 
orcli (Bucco), 180, 184. 
ordi (Notharchus), 184. 
ordi (Tamatia), 184. 
orientalis (Ouculus), 316, 
322, 324. 
orientalis (Eudynamis), 
316,322,323, 324, 326, 

327. 
ornatus (Phcenicophaus), 

404. 
osculans (Chrysococeyx), 
279. 
osculans (Ouculus), 279. 
osculans (E-hamphastos), 
124, 131. 
Oxylophus, 211. 


Pachycoccyx, 210, 224. 

pacbyrhynchus (Meli


gnotbes), 9. 
paUescens (Coccyzus),374. 
pallescens (Pyrrho


coccyx), 374. 
pallescens (Monacha), 

203, 206. 
pallescens (Monasa), 206. 
pallida (Columba), 261. 
pallidirostris (Indicator), 

5. 
pallidirostris (Schizorbis), 
453. 
pallidus (Cacomantis), 
261. 
pallidus (Ouculus), 261. 
pallidus (Heteroscenes), 
261. 
palliolatus (Ouculus), 279, 
301. 
palliolatus (Misocalius), 
279. 
panamensis (Bucco), 196. 
panamensis (Oapito), 196. 
panamensis (Chaunornis), 
10fl. 
panamensis (Malacoptila), 
193, 196, 197. 

panamensis a?quatorialis 
(Malacoptila), 197. 
panamensis costaricensis 

(Malacoptila), 196. 
panamensis mystacalis 
(Malacoptila), 197. 
panamensis poliopsis 
(Malacoptila), 196. 

panamensis typica (Mala


coptila), 196. 
panayanus (Cuculus),321. 
paradisea (Alcedo), 102. 
paradisea (Galbula), 162. 
paradisea (Urocex), 162. 
paradisea (Urogalba), 

162,163. 
paradisea amazonum 

(Urogalba), 163. 
parva (Megalaima), 89. 
parva (Microdynamis), 

328. 
parva (Uroclynamis), 328. 
parvus (Barbatula), 40. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

parvus (Bucco), 39, 42, 

89. 
passer iiia (Polyphagia), 
277. 
passerinus (Cacotnantis), 
277. 
passerinus (Cuculus), 
277. 
passerinus (Ololygon), 
pastazas (G-albula), 164, 

168. 
paulina (Corythaix), 444. 
paulina (Musophaga), 
444. 
pavoninus (Aulacorhantphus), 
157. 
pavoninus (Diplopterus), 

427. 
pavoninus (Dromococcyx), 
427. 
pavoninus (Pteroglossus), 

157. 
pectoralis (Buceo), 180, 
184. 
pectoralis (Oapito), 184. 
pectoralis (Kierococeyx), 
237. 
pectoralis (Bamphastos), 
133. 
pectoralis (Tamatia), 
184. 
peli (Gymnobucco), 34. 
peli (Gymnocranus), 34. 
peninsulas (Cuculus), 
247. 
Penthoeeryx, 240. 
perlatus (Cuculus), 314. 
persa (Oorythaix), 437, 
442. 
persa (Cuculus), 437, 
440. 
persa (Musophaga), 437, 
440. 
persa (Opasthus), 440, 
453. 
persa (Spelectos), 438. 
persa (Turacus), 437,441, 
442. 
personata (Chizoerhis), 
455. 
personata (Coliphimus), 
455. 
personata (Gymnoschizorhis), 
455. 
personata (Musophaga), 

455. 
personata (Schizorhis), 
455, 456. 
personata (Turaeus), 

455. 
personata (Monasa), 

204. 
personatus (Bucco), 26. 
personatus (Pogonias), 
24. 
peruana (Monaeha), 203, 
205. 
peruana (Monasa), 205. 
peruvianus (Bucco), 113. 
peruvianus (Capito), 
112, 113. 

peruvianus(Micropogon), 

llo. 

Petit Barbu, 89. 

Petit Coucou de l'lsle 

Panay, 208. 
Petit Coucou des Indes, 

262. 
Petit Indicateur, 9. 
phseolgemus (Aulacorhamphus), 
157, 158. 
phseosticta (Chotorhea), 

76. 
phseostriata (Cyanops), 
76, 458. 
phaeostriata (Megalsema), 

76. 
phaioleucos (Monaca), 
200. 
phaioleucos (Monasa), 
200. 
phaiopterus (Cuculus), 
212,213. 
phaiosticta (Megalaima), 

76. 
phasianellus (Coccyzus), 
426. 
phasianellus (Diplopterus), 
426. 
phasianellus (Dromo* 
coccyx), 426. 
phasianellus (Macropus), 

426. 
phasianus (Centropus), 
340. 
phasianus (Corydonix), 
340. 
phasianus (Cuculus), 
340. 
phasianus (Polophilus), 
340. 
philippensis (Bucco), 
97. 
philippensis (Centropus), 
philippensis (Cuculus), 

344. 
philippensis (Megalsema), 
89. 
philippensis(Megalaima), 
89. 
philippeusis (Xanthelasma), 
89. 
philippinensis (Bucco), 

89. 
Phimus, 447. 
Phomicophaes, 368, 395. 
Phoenicophaus, 395. 
Piaya, 367, 373. 
pica (Coccystes), 218. 
pica (Cuculus), 217. 
picatus (Bucco), 180, 
186. 
picatus (Eudynamis), 
324, 326. 
picatus (Nothriscus), 

186. 
pictus (Buceo), 116. 
pictus (Capito), 116. 
pictus (Eubucco), 116. 
Pigeon ramier gris et 
verdatre, 256. 

Pignan-Ooin, Le, 132. 

pipedvora (Selenidera), 

148, 149, 152. 

Piperivorus, 148. 

piperivorus (Pteroglos


sus), 152. 
piperivorus (Bamphas


tos), 152. 
Piririgua, 434. 
piririgua (Crotophaga), 

434. 
piririgua (Guira), 434. 
Pisan Ouckow, 212. 
pisanus (Coccystes), 
212. 
pisanus (Coccyzus), 212, 
pisanus (Cuculus), 212. 
piscivorus (Bamphastos), 
125, 126. 
plagosus (Chalcites), 297. 
plagosus (Chalcococcyx), 

297. 
plagosus (Chrysococcyx), 
291. 
plagosus (Cuculus), 297. 
plagosus(Lamprococcyx), 
297. 
plagosus (Larapromorphus), 
291. 
Plant-cutter, Abyssinian, 

22. 
platyrhyncha (Lamprotila), 
176. 
pluricinctus (Pteroglossus), 
138, 139, 140. 
pluvialis (Coccyzus), 369, 

372. 
pluvialis (Cuculus), 372. 
pluvialis (Hyetomantis), 
372. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

pluvialis (Hyetornis), 

372 
pluvialis (Piaya), 372. 
pluvialis (Ptiloleptis), 

372. 
poecilosternus (Pteroglossus), 
139, 140. 
pceciluroides (Chalcococcyx), 
301. 
pceciluroides (Lamprococcyx), 
296, 301. 
pcecilurus (Ohaloites), 

299. 
pcecilurus(Chalcococcyx), 
299. 
pcecilurus (Chrysococcyx),
299 
pcecilurus (Cuculus), 


299. 
pcecilurus (Lamprococcyx), 
299. 
poeppigii (Pteroglossus), 

148. 
Pogonias, 15. 
Pogonorhamphus, 15. 
Pogonorhynchus, 13, 
15. 
poliocephalus (Cuculus), 
255,256. 
poliocephalus (Hierococcyx), 
256. 
Poliococcyx, 384. 
poliogaster (Cuculus), 


261. 
poliogaster (Nicoclarius), 
261. 
poliopsis (Malacoptila), 
196,197. 
poliurus (Ohalcococcyx), 

296. 
poliurus (Lamprococcyx), 
296. 
Polophilus, 331. 
Polyphasia, 265. 
Polysticte, 99. 
porphyreolophus (Corythaix), 
446, 447. 
porphyreolophus (GJ-allirex), 
446. 
porphyreolophus (Musophaga), 
446. 
porphyreolophus (Tura


cus), 446, 447. 
praesagus (Cuculus), 330. 
praesagus (Scythrops), 

330. 
prasinus 
(Aulacorhamphus), 
154, 156,157, 

458. 
prasinus (Pteroglossus"), 
156. 
pravata (Cuculus), 263. 
pravatus (Cacornanus), 

263. 
pravatus (Penthoceryx), 
263. 
prionulus (Cuculus), 
266. 
proditor (Indicator), 7. 
proditor (Prodotes), 7. 
Prodotes, 2. 
Prodotiscus, 11. 
Promepic, Le, 100. 
Pseudobucco, 98. 
Pseudofringilla, 2. 
Pseudornis, 226. 
Pseudospiza, 2. 
Psilopogon, 15, 98. 
Psittaceous Hornbill, 
330. 
Pteroglossus, 123, 137. 
Ptiloleptus, 433. 
pueherani (Cultrides), 
417. 
pueherani (Neomorphus), 
417. 
pulcherrima (Cyanops), 
69. 
pulcherrima(Megalsema), 
69. 
pulmentum (Bucco), 180, 
189. 
pulmentum (Chaunornis), 
189. 
pulmentum (Nyctaetes), 

189. 
pulmentum (Tamatia), 
189. 
pumilus (Centropus), 
354. 
pumilus (Coccyzus), 313. 
punctatus (Bucco), 112. 
punctatus (Capito), 
112. 
punctatus (Cuculus), 322, 
323. 
punctatus (Eudynamis), 
322, 326. 
punctulatus (Coccyzus), 

424. 
punctulatus (Cuculus), 
424. 
purpuratus (Capito), 
purpuratus (Trachyphonus), 
106, 107. 
purpurea (Musophaga), 

438. 
purpureus (Centropus), 
348, 349. 
purpureus (Corythaix), 

438. 
purpureus (Ttiracus), 

438. 
pusilla (Barbatula), 39, 
40. 
pusilla (Megalaima), 
40. 
pusillus (Bucco), 39. 
pygmseus (Centropus), 
352. 
pyrolopha (Megalaima), 
98. 
pyrolophus (Pseudobucco), 
98. 
pyrolophus (Psilopogon), 

98. 
pyrommatus (Cuculus), 
277. 
pyropyga (Coua), 410. 
pyropyga (Sericosomus), 
410. 
Pyrosterna, 137. 
Pyrrhocentor, 331. 
pyrrhocephalus (Cuculus), 
395. 
pyrrhocephalus (Melias), 

395. 
pyrrhocephalus (Phcenicophaes), 
395. 
pyrrhocephalus (Plicenicophseus), 
395. 
Pyrrhoeoccyx, 373. 
pyrrholsema (Malaco


ptila), 198. 
pyrrholeucus (Corydonix), 
361. 
pyrrhophanes (Cuculus), 

266. 
pvrrhophanus (Cuculus), 
*266. 
pyrrhopterus (Centropus), 
344. 
pyrrhopterus (Corydonix), 
349. 
pyrrhopterus (Coceyzus), 

308. 
pyrrhopygia (Coua), 
410. 
quadricolor (Bucco), 72, 

85. 
quadricolor (G-albula), 
164,165. 
quadricolor (Megalaima), 
72,85. 
querulus (Cacoman tis), 

269. 
quinticolor (Capito), 
111. 
quopopa (Polysticte), 
100. 
radcliffii (Indicator), 3. 
radiatus (Bucco), 180, 

192. 
radiatus (Calobates), 
414. 
radiatus (Carpococcyx), 
414. 
radiatus (Ouculus), 232. 
radiatus (Neomorphus), 
415. 
radiatus (Nystalus), 192. 
radiceus (Calobates), 
414. 
radiceus (Carpococcyx), 
414. 
radiolosus(Neomorpbus), 
418. 
rafflesii (Bucco), 59. 
rafllesii (Xantboljsnia), 
90. 
rafflesius (Bucco), 89. 
rafflesius (Megalaima), 
89. 
Rampbastoides, 148. 
Eampbastos, 124. 
Rampbodryas, 124, 
Rampbomelus, 133. 
Bamphoxanthus, 153. 
ramsayi (Cyanops), 70. 
ramsayi (Megalsema), 
70. 
ransomi (Eudynamis), 
323. 
Razor-billed Blackbird, 
429. 
rectunguis (Centrococcyx), 
343. 
rectunguis (Centropus), 
343, 353, 354. 
Red-crown Barbet, 93. 
regalis (Pteroglossus), 

141. 
regius (Ouculus), 448. 
regulus (Indicator), 11. 
regulus (Prodotiscus), 
11. 
reicbenowi (Turacus), 
440. 
reinwardtii (Pteroglossus), 
151. 
reinwardtii (Selenidera), 
149,151. 
resplendens (Chrysococcyx), 
283. 
resplendens (Lamprococcyx), 
283. 
reynaudii (Coccyzus), 

407. 
reynaudii (Coua), 407. 
reynaudii (Sericosomus), 
407. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

rhampbastinus (Tetra


gonops), 120. 

Rbampbastos, 123, 124. 

Rbamphococcyx, 368. 

Rbampbomantis, 211, 

329. 
Rbinococcyx, 368, 397. 
Rbinortba, 368, 392. 
Rbopodytes, 368, 384. 
ricbardsoni (Capito), 
114,115. 
ricbardsoni (Bubucco), 

114. 
ridibunda (Piaya), 373. 
ridibundus (Coccyzus), 
373. 
ridibundus (Ouculus), 
373. 
ridibundus (Ptilopterus), 
374. 
rochii (Ouculus), 256. 
rollesi (Rhamphomantis), 
328. 
rolleti (Erytbrobucco), 
17. 
rolleti (Pogonias), 17. 
rolleti(Pogonorbyncbus), 
rosaceicollis (Oapito), 

97. 
rosea (Megalaima), 97. 
rosea (Xantholaema), 96, 
97. 
roseicollis (Bucco), 97. 
roseus (Bucco), 96. 
rossse (Musopbaga), 448. 
rubecula (Bucco), 200. 
rubecula (Lypornix), 
200. 
rubecula (Malacoptila), 
200. 
rubecula (Monasa), 200. 
rubecula (Nonnula), 199, 
200. 
rubecula (Scotocharis), 
200. 
rubeculus (Ouculus), 
258. 
rubescens (Pogonias), 
26. 
rubicon (Pogonias), 26. 
rubiculus (Surniculus), 
258. 
rubicundus (Ouculus), 
373. 
rubrarmus (Oxylopkus), 
215. 
rubricapilla (Megalaima), 
93. 
rubrieapilla 
(Xantboteema), 
93. 

rubricapillus (Bucco), 

93. 
rubrioapillus (Capito), 
93. 
rubrieollis (Bucco), 89. 
rubricollis (Oapito), 
111. 
rubricollis (Gulbula), 
164. 
rubrifrons (Bucco), 39. 
rubrifrons (Oapito), 39. 
rubrifrons (Megalaima), 
89. 
rubrifrons (Pogonias), 
22. 
rubrirostris (Coccyzus), 
380. 
rufa (Lypornix), 194, 
198. 
ru'a (Malacoptila), 193, 
194. 
rufa (Monasa), 194. 
rufa (Scotocbaris), 194. 
rufalbinus (Ouculus), 
200. 
rufescens (Anadgenus), 
393. 
rufescens (Rbinortba), 
393. 
ruficapilla (Coccyzus), 
424. 
ruficapilla (Lypornix), 
200. 
ruficapilla (Monasa), 
200. 
ruficapilla (Malacoptila). 
200. 
ruficapilla (Nonnula), 
199, 200, 201. 
ruficapilla (Scotocbaris), 

200. 
ruficauda (Anadsenus), 
393. 
ruficauda (G-albula), 164, 
165, 166, 167. 
ruficeps (Coua), 407, 

410. 
ruficeps (Sericosomus), 
411. 
ruficervix (Oapito), 
192. 
ruficollis (Bucco), 180, 
187, 188. 
ruficollis (Oapito), 187. 
ruficollis (Obalcococcyx), 

300. 
ruficollis (Obaunornis), 
187. 
ruficollis (Ouculus), 244, 
ruficollis (Hypnelus). 
187. 
ruficollis (Lamprococ


oyx), 300. 
rufifrons (Bucco), 32. 
rufigularis (Diplopterus), 

426. 
rufigularis (Drornococcyx), 
426. 
rufinus (Oentropus), 


352. 
rufinus (Corydonix), 352. 
rufinus (Cuculus), 352. 
rufipennis (Centrococcyx), 
344. 
rufipennis (Oentropus), 
344, 349. 
rufipennis (Cultridps), 

418. 
rufipennis (JNeomorphus), 
418. 
rufiventer (Cuculus), 


325. 
rufiventer (Eudynamis), 
323, 325,326. 
rufiventris (Polyphasia), 

269. 
rufiventris (Cacomantis), 
269. 
rufoviridis (Cuculus), 
268. 
rufoviridis (Gralbula), 
164, 165. 
rufovittatus (Cuculus), 

263. 
rufulus (Cuculus), 266. 
rufus (Anadaenus), 393. 
rufus (Bucco), 194. 
rufus (Cuculus), 247. 
rufus (Polophilus), 352. 
rugirostra (Crotophaga), 
430. 
russata (Chrysococcyx), 
299. 
russatus (Chalcites), 299. 
russatus (Cuculus), 299. 
rutila (Coccyzusa), 379. 
rutila (Piaya), 379. 
rutilus (Coccyzus), 378. 
rutilus (Cuculus), 378. 
rutilus (Pyrrhococcyx), 
sakalava (Oentropus), 

351. 
salmoni (Brachygalba), 
171,173. ™ h 
saltii (Bucco), 22. 
salfcii (Iiaimodon), 23. 
saltii (Pogonias), 23. 
saltii (Pogonorhynchus), 

23. 
salvini (Capito), 119. 
ALPHABETICAL INDEX, 

salvini (Neomorphus), 

417. 
sanguinolentus (Calorhamphus), 
50. 
sanguinolentus (Megalorhynchus), 
51. 
sanguineus (Pteroglossus), 
138, 143. 
saturatus (Cuculus), 253. 
Saurothera, 367, 369. 
Savanna Blackbird, 430. 
savorgnani (Oentropus), 

359. 
schalowi (Corythaix), 
439. 
Schizorhis, 450. 
schomburgki (Chrysococcyx), 
292. 
schomburgki (Cuculus), 

292. 
schuetti (Corythaix), 
441. 
scbuetti (Turacus), 441. 
scolopacea (Barbatula), 
47. 
scolopacea (Bucco), 47. 
scolopacea (Megalsema), 
47. 
scolopacea (Megalaima), 
47. 
scolopacea (Xylobucco), 
47. 
scolopaceus (Cuculus), 
316. , 
Scotocharis, 202. 
Scythrops, 211, 329. 
Selenidera, 123, 148. 
semisulcata(Crotophaga), 
432. 
senegalensis (Oentropus), 
358, 359, 360, 361. 
senegalensis (Corydonix), 

361. 
senegalensis (Corythaix), 
438. 
senegalensis (Cuculus), 
360. 
senegalensis (Musophaga), 
450. 
senegalensis (Pogonias), 

26. 
senegalensis(Polophilus), 
361. 
senex (Melanobucco), 22. 
senex (Pogonorhynchus), 
22. 
seniculus (Coccystes), 
304. 
seniculus (Coccyzus), 304. 
seniculus (Cuculus), 304, 
307. 
seniculus (Ery tkrophrys), 

304. 
senilis (Capito), 194. 
septorum (Coccyzus), 
424. 
sepulcralis (Cacomantis), 
273, 274. 
sepulcralis (Cuculus), 
268,273. 
Sericosomus, 405. 
serratoides (Coccyzus), 

217. 
serratoides (Oxylophus), 
217. 
serratus (Coccystes), 218, 
223, 224, 260, 459. 
serratus (Coccyzus), 217, 

223. 
serratus (Cuculus), 217, 
223. 
serratus (Oxylophus), 
217, 223, 260. 
serriana (Coua), 40S. 
serrianus (Sericosomus), 

408. 
serrisiana (Coua), 408. 
Serisomus, 405. 
sex-notatus (Aulaeorhamphus), 
158. 
shelleyi (Trachyphonus), 

103. 
Shining Cuckoo, 295. 
simplex (Barbatula), 49. 
Simotes, 225. 
simus (Cuculus), 276. 
simus (Cacomantis), 276. 
sinensis (Centrococcyx), 
344. 
sinensis (Centropus),343, 
344. 
sinensis (Polophilus), 
343. 
sirkee (Oentropus), 381. 
sirkee (Phcenicopbaes), 
382. 
sirkee (Taecoeua), 381, 
382. 
sirkee (Zanelostomus), 
381. 
sirki (Acentetus), 382. 
sirki (Taecoeua), 382. 
smaragdinensis(Cueulus), 
281. 
smaragdineus (Chalcites), 
281. 
smaragdineus (Chrysococcyx), 
280. 
smaragdineus (Cuculus), 

281. 
smaragdinus 
(Chalcococcyx), 
292. 

ALPHABETICiL INDEX. 
48 L 

smaragdinus (OUrvsococ


cyx), 291. 
smaragdinus (Cuculus), 

292. 
smaragdinus (Lamprococcyx), 
291. 
Smilorbis, 14, 36. 
Society Cuckoo, 314. 
solitarius (Cuculus), 

258. 
somnolenta (Tamatia), 

190. 
somnolentus (Bucco), 
190. 
sonnerati (Oacomantis), 
263. 
sonnerati (Cuculus), 262, 
274. 
sonnerati (Pentboceryx), 
263. 
sonnerati (Polyphasia), 
263. 
sparmanni (Indicator), 
5,9. 
sparverinus (Hierococcyx), 
232. 
sparveroides (Cuculus), 

232. 
sparveroides (Hierococcyx), 
232, 237. 
spectabilis (Selenidera), 
148, 149,153. 
Spelectos, 436. 
spilopterus (Centropus), 

338, 339. 
spilopterus (Nesocentor), 

339. 
spilopterus (Poloplulus), 
339. 
spilorhynchus (Andigena), 
134, 136. 
spinosus (Megalorhyncbus), 
50. 
splendidus (Cbrysococcyx), 
281, 293. 
Spotted Curucui, 291. 
squaraatus (Capito), 110. 
squamatus (Pogonorhyn


cbus), 27. 
squamiceps (Capito), 

105. 
squamiceps (Tracbypbonus), 
104, 105. 
StactoUema, 14, 48. 
steerii (Capito), 116. 
stellata (Megalaima), 47. 
stellatus (Bucco), 47. 
stephensii (Pogonias), 

32. 
sticfcithorax (Indicator), 
stigmatothora* (Pogonorhynchus), 
29. 
stigmatotborax (Triebo


lasma), 29. 
stormsi (Cuculus), 256. 
strenuus (Cuculus), 

232. 
strenuus (Hierococcyx), 
232. 
striata (Lypornix), 195. 
striatipectus (Bucco), 
180, 190. 
striatipectus (Nystal us), 

190. 
striatus (Bucco), 195. 
striatus (Capito), 195. 
striatus (Cuculus), 242, 
247, 252. 
strigilatus (Bucco), 191. 
striolatus (Bucco), 180, 

192. 
striolatus (Capito), 
192. 
striolatus (Nystalus), 
192. 
sturmi (Pteroglossus), 
138, 144. 
suabelicus (Tracbypbonus), 
102. 
substriata (Malacoptila), 
193, 198. 
subsulpburea (Barbatula), 
46. 
subsulpburea (Bucco), 

46. 
subsulpburea (Megalsema), 
45. 
subsulpburea (Megalaima), 
47. 
subsulpburea (Xylobucco), 
45. 
subsulpbureus (Capito), 

46. 
subsulphureus (Tracbypbonus), 
46. 
subtectus (Bucco), 180, 

186. 
subtectus (Notbriscus), 
186. 
sulcata (Crotopbaga), 
432. 
sulcatus (Aulacorbampbus), 
153, 154, 155. 
sulcatus (Pteroglossus), 
154, 156. 
sulcirostris (Crotopbaga), 

432. 
sulcirostris (Pogonias), 
16. 
sulfuratus (Rampbastos), 
125. 
sulpburalus (Micropogon), 
100. 
sulpbureus (Capito), 

114. 
sumatranus (Cuculus), 
391, 393. 
sumatranus (Melias), 

391. 
sumatranus (Pboenicophaus), 
390, 391. 
sumatranus (Poliococcyx), 
391. 
sumatranus (Eliopodytes), 
391. 
sumatranus (Zanclostomus), 
391. 
superciiiosus (Centropus), 
351, 359, 360, 
362, 363. 

superciiiosus 
(Dasylopbus), 
403, 404. 
superciiiosus (Malcoba), 

404. 
superciiiosus (Melias), 
404. 
superciiiosus (Pboenicopbaus), 
403. 
Surniculus, 210, 226. 
surniculus (Coccyzus), 

307. 
swainsoni (Bucco), 180, 
183. 
swainsoni (Capito), 183. 
swainsoni (ISTotbarcbus), 
183. 
swainsoni (Rampbastos), 
127, 128. 
swainsoni (Tamatia), 

183. m 
swinboei (Cuculus), 242. 
swinhoii (Cuculus), 253. 
sykesi (Megalama), 84. 
Taccocua, 368, 381. 
tahitiensis (Eudynamis), 

314. 
tahitius (Cuculus), 314. 
tabitius (Eudynamis), 
314. 
tabitius (Eudynamys), 
314. 
taitensis (Cuculus), 314. 
taitensis (Eudynamis), 
314. 
taitiensis (Cuculus), 314. 
taitiensis (Eudynamis), 
314. 
taitiensis (Eudynamys), 
313. 
taitiensis (Urodynamis), 
314. 
ALPHABETICAL TtfDEX. 

Tait-sou, 406. 
tamajao (Tamatia), 190. 
Tamatia, 99, 179. 
tamatia (Bucco), 179, 
180, 188,189. 
tamatia (Oapito), 189. 
tamatia (Nyctactes), 

189. 
tamatia (Tamatia), 189. 
Tamatia a collier, Le, 

180. 
Tamatia a gorge rousse, 

189. 
Tamatia a plastron noir, 

181. 
Tamatia a plastron noir, 
Petit, 185. 
Tamatia a tete et gorge 
rouges, 111. 
Tamatia brun, Le, 193. 
Tamatia, Le, 188, 
Tamatia noir et blanc, 
Le plus petit, 185. 
Tamatia noir et blane, 
" Le plus grand, 181. 
tamsuicus (Ououlus), 

256. 
tecticauda (Oentropus), 

352. 
tectus (Nothriscus), 185. 
tectus (Bucco), 179, 180, 
185, 186. 
telephonus (Ouculus), 

247. 
temmincMi (Cuculus), 

297. 
temmincMi (Eamphastos), 
132. 
tenebrio (Monasa), 207. 
tenebrosa (Brachypetes), 

208. 
tenebrosa (Chelidoptera), 
207, 208. 
tenebrosa (Lypornix), 
207, 208. 
tenebrosa (Monasa), 207, 

208. 
tenebrosus (Bucco), 208. 
tenebrosus (Oapito), 208. 
tenebrosus (Ouculus), 
207tenuirostris 
(Cacomantis), 
269, 277. 
tenuirostris (Ouculus), 
234, 244, 253, 277. 
tenuirostris(Nicoclarius), 

256. 
tenuirostris (Ololygon), 
263,269. *° h 
tenuirostris (Polyphasia), 
269, 277. 

Tetragonops, 15, 120. 
thermophila (Piaya), 

374. 
Three-toed Grosbeak, 22. 
threnodes (Cacomantis), 

268. 
threnodes (Ouculus), 

269. 
Tingaru, 373. 
Tipped Ouokow, 279. 
Tocan a collier jaune, 
Le, 129. 
Tocan, Le, 128. 
Tocard, Le, 127. 
tocard (Ramphastos), 

127. 
tocard (Rhamphastos), 
124, 127, 128. 
Toco, Le, 125. 
toco (Rhamphastos), 

124. 
tolu (Oentropus), 350, 

354. 
tolu (Corydonix), 351. 
tolu (Ouculus), 350. 
tolu (Polophilus), 350. 
tombacea (G-albula), 164, 
167, 168. 
torquata (Lypornix), 193, 

195. 
torquata (Malacoptila), 
193, 195. 
torquata (Monasa), 195. 
torquatus (Bucco), 24, 

195. 
torquatus (Buccotrogon), 

98. 
torquatus (Ouculus), 

416. 
torquatus (Melanobueco), 
24,457. 
torquatus (Pogonorhynchus), 
24, 25. 
torquatus (Pteroglossus), 
138,141,143, 458. 
torquatus (Ramphastos), 

141. 
Toucan a, collier de Cayenne, 
152. 
Toucan a gorge blanche 
de Cayenne, 128. 
Toucan a gorge orange, 
Le grand, 130. 
Toucan a, ventre gris de 
Cayenne, 152. 
Toucan a ventre rouge, 
Le Grand, 132. 
Toucan a ventre rouge, 
Le Petit, 133. 
Toucan de Cayenne, 
appelle Toco, 124. 

Toucan verd du BrSsil, 
138 
Toulou, 350. 
toulou (Oentropus), 350, 

351. 
toulou (Cuculus), 350. 
toulou (Polophilus), 350. 
Touraco, 435, 436. 
Touraco Buffon, 438. 
Touraco d'Abyssinie, 

436. 
Touraco-G-eant, 449. 
Touraco Musophaga, Le, 

450. 
Touraco violet ou 
Masque, 448. 
Touracou de Gruinee, 

440. 
Touracou du Cap de 
Bonne Bsperance, 440. 
Touracou Louri, 440. 
Trachyphonus, 15, 99. 
tranquilla (Lypornix), 

203. 
tranquilla (Monasa), 203. 
tranquillus (Cuculus), 

203. 
Tricholasma, 14, 28. 
tricolor (Phcenicophagus), 

397. 
tridactyla (G&lbula), 

174. 
tridactyla (Jacamaralcyon), 
174, 175. 
tridactyla (Loxia), 22. 
tridactyla (Phytoloma), 

22. 
tridactylus (Cauax), 174. 
fcrimaculata (Megalaima), 
85, 87trimaculatus 
(Bucco), 85. 
tristis (Bucco), 56. 
tristis (Cuculus), 247. 
tristis (G-albula), 172. 
tristis (Melias), 386. 
tristis (Phcenicophaes), 

386. 
tristis (Phcenicophaus), 
386, 390. 
tristis (Rhopodytes), 386. 
tristis (Zanelostomus), 
386, 389. 
tschudii (Capito), 117. 
tymbonomus (Cacomantis), 
272, 273. 
tymbonomus (Cuculus), 
272, 273. 
typica (Ooua cristata), 

409. 
typicus (Ooua nigriceps), 

411. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX, 

Tucai, 133. 
tucai (Eamphaatos), 

133. 
Tucaius, 124. 
Tucano, 125. 
Tucanus, 124. 
tucanus (Ramphastos), 
125,128. 
Turacus, 435. 

ulocomus (Pteroglossus), 

148. 
undatus (Bucco), 27. 
undatus (Laimodon), 

27. 
undatus (Melanobucco), 

27. 
undatus (Pogonias), 27. 
undatus (Pogonorhynchus), 
27. 
undulatus (Bucco), 27. 
unicolor (Lypornix), 

206. 
unidentatus (Laimodon), 

32. 
unidentatus (Pogonias), 

32. 
unirufus (Centropus), 

367. 
unirufus (Pyrrhocentor), 

367. 
unitorques (Malacoptila), 

194. 
unitorques (Monasa), 

194. 
Urocex, 162. 
Urococeyx, 368, 398. 
Urodynamis, 211, 313. 
Urogalba, 161, 162. 
uropygialis (Barbatula), 

41. 
uropygialis (Megalaima), 

41. 

vagans (Cuculus), 236. 
vagans (Hierococcyx), 


237. 
vaillantii (Capito), 101. 
vaillanti (Coccyzus), 221. 
vaillantii (Oxylophus), 

221. 
vaillantii (Trachyphonus), 
100. 
validus (Ouculus), 225. 
validus (Centrococcyx), 

344. 
validus (Pachycoccyx), 

225. 

Variable Warbler, 295. 
varigetata (Musophaga), 

450. 
variegatus (Centropus), 

340. 
variegatus (Chizoerhis), 

451. 
variegatus (Corydonix), 

340. 
variegatus (Corythaix), 

451. 
variegatus (Cuculus), 
261, 321. 
variegatus (Indicator), 
7,8. 
variegatus (Polophilus), 
340.^ 
Vari6te du Coucou 
Edolio, 221. 
variolosus (Cacomantis), 

272. 
variolosus (Cuculus), 

272. 
varius (Hierococcyx), 

234. 
varius (Cuculus), 234. 
velox (Cuculus), 419. 
velox (G-eococcys), 419. 
velutinus (Surnioulus), 
227, 230. 
Venetou, Le, 168. 
venustus (Cuculus), 263. 
verae-pacis (Malacoptila), 

197. 
verreauxi (Coua), 410. 
verreauxi (Musophaga), 

442. 
verreauxi (Sericosomus), 

411. 
versicolor (Bucco), 59, 

116. 
versicolor (Capito), 116. 
versicolor (Chotorhea), 

59. 
versicolor (Cuculus), 295, 

297. 
versicolor (Cyanops), 

59. 
versicolor (Megalaema), 

59. 
versicolor (Megalaima), 

m. 

versicolor (Sylvia), 295. 
versicolor (Trachypho


nus), 102. 
vetula (Cuculus), 370. 
vetula (Saurothera), 370, 

371. 
vetulus (Coccyzus), 

370. 

vetulus (Cuculus), 309.. 
vieilloti (Laimodon), 2(5. 
vieilloti (Melanobucco), 

m. 

vieilloti (Pogonias), 26. 
vieilloti (Pogonorhynchus), 
26. 
vieilloti (Saurotbera), 

371. 
violacea (Musophaga), 

448. 
violaceus (Centropus), 

337. 
violaceus (Nesocenior), 

337. 
violaceus (Phimus), 448. 
virens (Bucco), 52. 
virens (Megalasma), 52, 

53. 
virens (Megalaima), 52, 

53. 
vireseens (Cacomantis), 

274. 
vireseens (Coccyzus), 

412. 
vireseens (Cuculus), 

274. 
viridicauda (Galbula), 

164. 
viridirostris (Melias), 

385. 
viridirostris (Phcenieophaus), 
385,393. 
viridirostris (Piaya), 

374. 
viridirostris (Rhopodytes), 
385. 
viridirostris (Zanclostomus), 
385. 
viridirufus (Phoenicophaus), 
397. 
viridis (Bucco), 77, 80, 

83. 
viridis (Carpococcyx), 

415. 
viridis (Centrococcyx), 

349. 
viridis (Centropus), 344, 
349,352. 
viridis (Chotorhea), 81. 
viridis (Corydonix), 349. 
viridis (Cuculus), 349. 
viridis (Cyanops), 83. 
viridis (Galbula), 163, 
164,165,166. 
viridis (Megalsema), 80, 

84. 
viridis (Megalaima), 83. 
viridis (Phcenicophjfcus), 

398. 

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. 

viridis (Phamicophaus), 

397. 
viridis (Polophilus), 349, 
viridis (Pteroglossus), 
138,147,148. 
viridis (Ratnphastos), 

147. 
vitellinus (Ramphastos), 
132. 
vitellinus (Rhamphastos), 
124,132. 

wagleri (Aulacorhamphus), 
154,157. 
wagleri (Pteroglossus), 

157. 
Warbler, Variable, 295. 
whitelyanus (Aulacorhamphus), 
154, 156. 
wiedi (Pteroglossus), 
137,139. 
Woodpecker,Yellow, 111, 

Xantholajma, 15, 88. 
xanthonota (Pseudospiza), 
3. 
xanthonotus (Indicator), 

3. 
xanthonotus (Pseudofringilla), 
3. 
xanthorhynchus (Ohalcites), 
289,291. 
xanthorhynchus (Chalcococcyx), 
289. 
xanthorhynchus (Chrvsococcyx), 
289,291. " 
xanthorhynchus (Cuculus), 
289. 
xanthorhynchus (Lampromorpha), 
289. 
Xylobucco, 38. 

Yellow-cheeked Barbet, 

76. 
Yellow-throated Barbet, 

89. 
Yellow Woodpecker, 
111. 
Zanclostomus, 368, 380. 
zeilonicus (Oapito), 77. 
zeylanicus (Bueco), 76, 

78. 
zeylonica (Oyanops), 76. 
zeylonica (Megalasina), 
77. 
zeylonica (Megalaima), 
77. 
zonura (Ohizcerhis), 451. 
zonura (Musophaga), 
452. 
zonura (Schizorhis), 451, 
452. 
zonura (Turacus), 452. 
zonurius (Schizorhis), 
451. 
END OF THE ffltfETEEffTH VOLUME. 

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED MON COURT, FLEET STREET. 

LIST OF PLATES. 


Melanobucoo aequatorialis, p. 19

Tricholsema stigmatothorax (fig. 1), p. 29afflne (fig. 2), p. 31

Barbatula chrysopyga (fig. 1), p. 45bilineata (fig. 2), p. 44

Cyanops davisoni (fig. 1), p. 65ramsayi (fig. 2), p. 70incognita (fig. 3), p. 68Capito. Heads of species, pp. 114-119

Pteroglossus didymus, p. 147

Aulacorhamphus erythrognathus, p. 154calorhynchus, p. 155whitelyanus, p. 156cyanolsemus, p. 160Coccystes caroli (fig. 1), p. 221

• hypopinarius (fig. 2), p. 220
Coccyzus dominicse (fig. 1), p. 306minor (fig. 2), p. 304maynardi (fig. 3*), p. 306

Centropus purpureus, p. 348

Plate 

 I. 
1 TT 
J 
.....] m 
J 
-j 

I IV. 
J 
V. 
VI. 
VII. 
VIII. 
IX. 
X. 
1 
J 
\ 

I XII. 
J 
XIII. 
* In thisfigure the throat should be almost white, and not with the reddish 
tinge introduced by the colorist. 
.Birth B.M.Vol.IR PI . 1 

. Smit del. et Jith. 

Melanobureo 3eauatoria.bh, 

Pi. II.

Birds d.M.Vol AIY. 

J.Srnit del.etlitK. . TtfrnLexn- tiros . Chromo 

BindsB.MVolM. Fi.m. 

J. Strut del. etith. "Mxritern Bros . Chroma Hfch 
l.Barbalulcvrlay-sopygci., 2.BavbaJjjlcu hUirteaicv. 

Birds B.MM.IH. Pl.W. 

. Sriixt del. et Wax. lilu-isrn Bi>c 

/. fyouwps Davisoni 2. C Rams ay v. 3. C.incognita


fyunh B.JLYolJJX 

n. v. 
^Mintern Bros . Chroma litK. 

J. G.XeTilemans del. et iifct 
1 .-Capita versicolor 2. C.s&^rii. 3. C.r-irhajrUonv. 

4 . C. salpinx 5. C. qranad&rLsis 6. C. boiuxwri, 
Birds RMVol. 

PI. 11 

. KeuLernax^s deL ei iith_. 

Mintarn. Bx>os . Chromo lith. 

Fteror/lt'ssus 3iAymJU*s. 

Birds B.M.V61JHL 

n. m. 
• &.Keaiemaas deletlittt. 
MinternBros . Chroxno iitt 

Jluloux)v}ujump}cas erytlvrogruxtifuubs. 

Birds B.M.Vcl.JK. Fl.VW. 

&.:Keuleinans del. et Htii Ifectem Bros . Ckromc .ltth. 

AuliuiorJuzmphus caZor?wrochns. 

Birds B.MVol.m. Pl.R. 

.Us ulemans del. et Ktk. 

Mir-.terr. Broo . Chrome jit.ru 

Aizla.oor}utmp}uis wlutefyanag. 

Birds B.M.Vol.XIX. Pi. X. 

J. Gr.Keulemarvs del et lith Mint ern_ Bros . Chrome lit.K. 
JhuLcoco rh cmqp hvus eycw o Itjpjrraxs,. 

Birds BJLVolJK. PI. II. 

J- fr Zsiileraans dfiL.etHtk. 

Mmtenr^ Bros. Chromo litfc 

1. Coaystes caroH. Z. Coaystes Jtypopinarius 
Bird* B.M.Vel.M Fl.M. 

3. &.£eixLe.mans del. et ]itk. Mintem. Bros . Eheaitra Ettu 
/. Coccvuis cborrizrdc& 2. C.mirwr. 3'. C.iruopxavdi. 

Bird* BMVoUK 

PI . m. 

^V 


\ 

/ -* 

J. G.K.eulemaixs del etlitb_. MairterrLBros. ClxromoJitlL. 
Ceniropus purpvureus. 

LIST OF THE CURRENT 

NATURAL HISTORY PUBLICATIONS 
()¥ THE TRUSTEES OF THE 
BRITISH MUSEUM. 

The following publications can be purchased through the Agency of 
Messrs. LONGMANS & Co., 39, Paternoster Row ; Mr. QUARITCII, 
15, Piccadilly ; Messrs. ASIIER & Co., 13, Bedford Street, Covent 
Garden; and Messrs. KJEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & Co., 
57, Ludgate Hill; or at the Natural History Museum, Cromwell 
Road, London, S. W. 

Catalogue of the Specimens and Drawings of Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, 
and Fishes of Nepal and Tibet. Presented by B. Ii. Hodgson, 
Esq., to the British Museum. 2nd edition. Pp. xii., 90. 
[With an account of the Collection by Mr. Hodgson,] Bv 
John Edward Gray. 1863, 12mo. 2s. 3d. 

Report on the Zoological Collections made in the In do-Pacific Ocean 
during the voyage of H.M.S. "Alert," 1881-2. Pp. xxv., 684. 
54 Plates. 1884, 8vo. 

Summary of the Voyage - By Br. R. W. Coppinger. 
Mammalia * --„ O. Thomas. 
Aves --- „ R. B. Sharpe. 
Iteptilia, Batrachia, Pisces - „ A. Giinther. 
Mollusea -- „ E. A. Smith. 
Echinodermata --- „ F. J. Bell. 
Crustacea -- „ E. J. Miers. 
Coleoptera ---„ C. O. Waterhouse. 
Lepidoptera -- „ A. G. Butler. 
Alcyonaria and Spongiida - „ S. O. Ridley. 

II 10*. 

MAMMALS. 

Catalogue of the Bones of Mammalia in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Edward G-errard. Pp. iv., 296. 1862, 8vo. 5.9. 

Catalogue of Monkeys, Lemurs, and Fruit-eating Bats in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By "Dr. J. E. Gray, P.R.S., &c. 
Pp. viii., 137. 21 "Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. 4s. 

Catalogue "of Carnivorous, Pachydermatous, and Edentate Mammalia 
in the British Museum. . By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. 
Pp. vii,, 398. 47 Woodcuts. 1869, 8vo. 6s. 6d. 

U 65783. Wt. 21159. A 

2 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Hand-List of Seals, Morses, Sea-Lions, and Sea-Bears in the British 
Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. 43. 30 Plates 
of Skulls. 1874, 8vo. 12*. 6d. 

Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum. By John 
Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. 2nd edition. Pp. vii.,402. 101 Woodcuts. 
1866, 8vo. 8s. 

Supplement by John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. vi., 103. 
11 Woodcuts. 1871, 8vo. 2s. 6d. 

List of the Specimens of Cetacea in the Zoological Department of 
the British Museum. By William Henry Flower, LL.D., F.R.S., 
&c. [With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] Pp. iv., 36. 
1885, 8vo. Is. 6d. 

Catalogue of Ruminant Mammalia (Pecora, Linnosus) in the British 
Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 102. 
4 Plates. 1872, 8vo. 3*. 6d. 

Hand-List of the Edentate, Thick-skinned, and Ruminant Mammals 
in the British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., <fec. Pp. vii., 

176. 42 Plates of Skulls, &c. 1873, 8vo. 12s. 
Catalogue of the Marsupialia and Monotremata in the Collection of 
the British Museum. By Oldfield Thomas. Pp. xiii., 401. 4 
coloured and 24 plain Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 18885 8vo. U. Ss. 

BIRDS. 

Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum :— 
Vol. III. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Coliomorpkm, 
containing the families Corvidad, Paradiseidse, Oriolidas, 
Dicruridas, and Prionopida?. By R. Bowdler Sharpe, 
Pp. xiii., 343. Woodcuts and 14 coloured Plates, [Systematic 
and Alphabetical Index.] 1877, 8vo. J 7s. 

Vol. IV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomorphee: 
Part L, containing the families Campophagidas and Muscicapidae. 
By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xvi., 494. Woodcuts 
and 14 coloured Plates. [With a Systematic and 
Alphabetical Index.] 1879, 8vo. II. 

Vol. V. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomorphee: 
Part II., containing the family Turdidas (Warblers and 
Thrushes). By Henry Seebohm. Pp. xvi., 426. Woodcuts 
and 18 coloured Plates. [With a Systematic and 
Alphabetical Index.] 1881, 8vo. II. 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 3 

Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum—continued. 
Vol. VI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomorphce : 
Part III., containing the first portion of the family Tinielildse 
(Babbling Thrashes). By R. Bowdier Sharpe. 
Pp. xiii., 420. Woodcuts and 18 coloured Plates. [With 
a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 1881, 8vo. 1/. 
Vol. VII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching 
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. CicklomorphcB: 
Part IV., containing the concluding portion of 
the family Timeliidae (Babbling Thrushes). By R. 
Bowdier Sharpe. Pp. xvi., 698. Woodcuts and 15 coloured 
Plates. [With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 
1883, 8vo. 1/. 6s. 
Vol. VIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching 
BirdSj in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomorphce: 
Part V., " containing the families Paridae and 
Laniidae (Titmice and Shrikes) ; and Certhiomorpha 
(Creepers and Nuthatches). By Hans Gadow, M.A., 
Ph.D. Pp. xiii., 386. Woodcuts and 9 coloured Plates. 
[With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 18835 
8vo. 17s. 
Vol. IX. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Cimiyrhnorphce, 
containing the families Nectariniidas and Meliphagidse 
(Sun Birds and Honey-eaters). By Hans Gadow, M.A., 
Ph.D. Pp. xii., 310. Woodcuts and 7 coloured Plates. 
[With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 1884, 
8vo. 14s. 
Vol. X. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes: 
Part I., containing the families Dicaeidoe, Hirundmidse, 
Ampelidre, Mniotiltidse, and Motacillidse. By R. Bowdier 
Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 682. Woodcuts and 12 coloured Plates. 
[With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 1885, 8vo. 
\l. 2s. 
Vol. XI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes: 
Part II., containing the families Coerebidse, Tanagrida% 
and Icteridze. By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. 
Pp. xvii., 431. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] Woodcuts and 18 coloured Plates. 1886, 8vo. II. 
Vol. XII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching 
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes 
: Part III., containing the family Fringillidse. By 

R. Bowdier Sharpe. Pp. xv., 871. Woodcuts and 16 
coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1888, 8vo. 11 Ss. 
Vol. XIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching 
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Stumiformes, 
containing the families Artamidas, Sturnidae Ploceidce, and 

A 2 

 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Catalogue of the Birds in the British yLuseum—contiuued. 

Alaiididra. Also the families Atrichiidae and Menuridm. 

By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xvi, 701. Woodcuts and 15 

coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1S90, 8vo. 1/. 8s. 
Vol. XIV. Catalogue of the Passerifonnes, or Perching 

Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Oligomyodce, 
or the families Tyrannidae Oxyrhamphidse, 
Piprida?, Cotingidas, Phytotomidae, Philepittidse, Pittidas, 
Xenicidre, and Eurylaemidas. By Philip Lutley Sclater, 
M.A., FE.S. Pp. xix.? 494. Woodcuts and 26 coloured 
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 
1888, Svo. II. 4s. 

Vol. XV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, 
in the Collection of the British Museum. Tracheophontz, 
or the families Dendrocolaptidas, Formieariidas, Conopophagidre, 
and Pteroptochidas. By Philip Lutley Sclater, 
M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 371. Woodcuts and 20 coloured 
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 
1890, 8vo. 1/. 

*Vol. XVIII. Catalogue of the Picariaa in the Collection of 
the British Museum. Scansores, containing the family 
Picidaa. By Edward Hargitt. Pp. xv.? 597. Woodcuts 
and 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. 1L 6s. 

Hand-List of Genera and Species of Birds, distinguishing those 
contained in the British Museum. By G-. R. Gray, F.R.S., 
&c. :— 

Part II. Conirostres, Scansores, Columbas, and GaJlinse. 
Pp. xv., 278. Table of Genera and Subgenera : Part II. 
1870. Svo. 6s. 

Part III. Struthiones, Grallas, and Anseres, with Indices 
of Generic and Specific Names. Pp. xi., 350. Table of 
Genera and Subgenera : Part III, 1871, 8vo. 8s. 

List of the Specimens of Birds in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By George Eobert Gray:— 
Part III., Sections III. and IV. Capitonidaa and Picidm. 
[With Index.] Pp. 137. 1868, 12mo. 1*. 6d. 
Part V. Gallmaa. Pp. iv., 120. [Alphabetical Index.] 
1867, 12mo. Is. 6d. 

Catalogue of the Birds of the Tropical Islands of the Pacific Ocean 
in the Collection of the British Museum. By George Robert 
Gray, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 72. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 
1859, 8vo. Is. 6d. 

* HOTE.—Volumes XVI. and XVII, will probably be published in the 
course of 189 L 

BEITISH MUSEUM (NATU1UL HISTOM).

REPTILES. 

Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Amphisbasnians in the 
Collection of tbe British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., 
&c. Pp. viii., 80. [Alphabetical Index.] 1844, 12nio. Is. 

Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British 
Museum:— 
Appendix. By John Edward Gray, F.E.S., &c. Pp. 28. 
1872, 4to. 2s. 6d. 
Part II., Emydosaurians, Rhynchocephalia, and Amphisbasnians. 
By John Edward Gray, F.E.S., <fce. Pp. vi., 

41. 25 Woodcuts. 1872, 4to. 3s. 6d. 
Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the British 
Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., F.L.S., <fcc. Pp. iv., 124. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1873, 8vo. 4*. 
Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in 
the British Museum (Natural History). ISTew Edition. By 
George Albert Boulenger. Pp. x., 311. [With Systematic and 
Alphabetical Indexes.] 73 Woodcuts and 6 Plates. 1889, 8vo. 
15s. 
Gigantic Land Tortoises (living and extinct) in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By Albert C. L. G. Giinther, M.A., M.D., 
Ph.D., F.R.S. Pp. iv., 96. 55 Plaxes, and two Charts of the 
Aldabra group of Islands, north-west of Madagascar. [With a 
Systematic Synopsis of the Extinct and Living Gigantic Land 
Tortoises.] 1877, 4to. 1/. 10s. 
Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). 
Second edition. By George Albert Boulenger:— 

Vol. I. Geckonidse, EublepharidaB, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidse, 
Agamidse. Pp. xii., 436. 32 Plates. [With Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 20s. 

Vol. II . Iguanidge, Xenosauridas, Zonurida3, Anguidas, 
Anniellidse, Helodennatidas, Varanidaa, Xantusiida3, Teiida^, 
Amphisbssnida3. Pp. xiii., 497. 24 Plates. [With 
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 20s. 

Vol. III. Lacertidas, Gerrhosauridce, Scincidse, Anelytropida3, 
Dibamidas, Chamseleontidse. Pp. xii., 575. 40 Plates. 
[With a Systematic Index and an Alphabetical Index to 
the three volumes.] 1887, 8vo. IL 6s. 

Catalogue 
of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi.5 281. [With 
Geographical, Systematic, and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1858, 
12mo. 4*. 

BATRACHIAlsTS. 

Catalogue of the Batrachia Salicntia in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi., 160. 12 Plates. 
[With Systematic, Geographical, and Alphabetical Indexes.] 
1858, 8vo. 6s. 

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia, s. Ecaudata, in the Collection 
of the British Museum. Second edition. By George Albert 
Boulenger. Pp. xvi., 503. Woodcuts and 30 Plates. [With 
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, 8vo, ll. 10s. 

Catalogue of the Batrachia Gradientia, s. Caudata, and Batrachia 
Apocla in the Collection of the British Museum. Second edition. 
By George Albert Boulenger. Pp. viii., 127. 9 Plates. [With 
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, Svo. 9s. 

FISHES. 

Catalogue of the Fishes in the Collection of the British Museum. 
By Dr. Albert Giinther, F.R.S., &c. :— 

Vol. II. Squamipinnes, Cirrhitidse, Triglidas, Trachinidae, 
Sciasnidae, Polynemidse, Sphyrasnidae, Trichiuridaa, Seoinbridai, 
Carangidas, Xiphiidse. Pp. xxi., 548. [With a 
Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 1860, Svo. 8s. 6d. 

Vol. III. Gobiidse, Discoboli, Oxudercidae, Batrachida3; 
Pediculati, Blenniidas, Acanthoclinidae, Comephoridas, 
Trachypteridae, Lophotidas, Teuthididae, Acronuridae, Hoplognathidas, 
Malacanthidae, Nandidae, Polycentridae, 
Labyrinthici, Luciocephalidae, Atherinidoe, Mugilidas, 
Ophiocephalicla3, Trichonotidae, Cepolidae, Gobiesoeidae, 
Psychrolutidas, Centriscidse, Fistularidaa, Mastacembelidae, 
Notacanthi. Pp. xxv., 586. Woodcuts. [With a Systematic 
and Alphabetical Index, and a Systematic Synopsis 
of the families of the Acanthopterygian Fishes.] 1861, 
8vo. 10^. 6d. 

Vol. IV. Acanthopterygii Pharyngognathi, Anacanthini. 
Pp. xxi., 534. [With a Systematic and Alphabetical 
Index.] 1862, 8vo. 8*. 6d. 

Vol. V. Siluridas, Characinidae, Haplochitonidse, Sternoptychidas, 
Scopelidae, Stomiatidas. Pp. xxii., 455. Woodcuts. 
[With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 
1864, 8vo. 8*. 

Vol. VI. Salmomdas, Percopsidae, Galaxidaa, Mormyridas, 
Gymnarchidae, Esocidas, Umbridae, Scombresocidae, Cyprinodontidae. 
Pp. xv., 368. Woodcuts. [With a Systematic 
and Alphabetical Index.] 1866, 8vo. 7 s. 

Vol. VII. Heterophygii, Cyprinidae, Gonorhynchidaa, Hyodontidse, 
Osteoglossidae, Clupeidse, Chirocentridas, Alepocephalidaa, 
Notopteridaa, Halosauridaa. Pp. xx., 512. 
Woodcuts. [With a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 
1868, 8vo. 8*. 

Vol. VIII. Gymnotidae, Symbranchidaa, Muraenidse, Pegasida3, 
Lophobranchii5 Plectognathi, Dipnoi, Ganoidei, Chondropterygii, 
Cyclostomata, Leptocardii. Pp. xxv., 549. [With 
a Systematic and Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 8s. 6d. 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

List of the Specimens of Fish in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Part I. Chondropterygii, By J. E. Gray. Pp. x., 

160. 2 Plates. [Systematic and Alphabetical Index. 1 1851, 
12mo. 3s. 
Catalogue of Fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore 
Gronow, now in the British Museum. Pp. vii., 196. [Systematic 
Index.] 1854, 12mo. 3s. 6d. 

Catalogue of Lophobranchiate Fish in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By J. J. Kaup, Ph.D., <fcc. Pp. iv., 80. 4 Plates. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s. 

MOLLUSCA. 

Guide to the Systematic Distribution of Mollusea in the British 
Museum. Parti. By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. 
Pp, xii., 230. 121 Woodcuts. 1857, 8vo. 5.9. 

Catalogue of the Collection of Mazatlan Shells in the British Museum, 
collected by Frederick Reigen. Described by Philip P. Carpenter. 
Pp. xvi., 552. 1857, 12mo. Ss. 

List of Mollusea and Shells in the Collection of the British Museum, 
collected and described by MM. Eydoux and Souleyet in the 
" Voyage autour du Monde, execute pendant les annees 1836 et 
" 1837, sur la Corvette 'La Bonite,'" and in the "Histoire 
" naturelle des Mollusques Pteropodes," Par. MM. P. C. A. L. 
Rang et Souleyet. Pp. iv., 27. 1855, 12mo. 8d. 

Catalogue of Pulmonata, or Air Breathing Mollusea, in the Collection 
of the British Museum. Part I. By Dr. Louis Pfeiffer. 
Pp. iv., 192. Woodcuts. 1855, 12mo. 2s. 6d. 

Catalogue of the Auriculidaa, Proserpinida?, and Truncatellidae in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Louis Pfeiffer. 
Pp. iv., 150. Woodcuts. 1857, 12mo. Is. M. 

List of the Mollusea in the Collection of the British Museum. By 
John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. Part II. Olividse. Pp. 

41. 1865, 12mo. Is. 
Catalogue of the Conchifera, or Bivalve Shells, in the Collection of 
the British Museum. By M. Deshayes :— 
Part 1. Veneridae, Cyprinidse, Glauconomidaa, and PetricolaclaB. 
Pp. iv., 216. 1853, 12mo. 3s. 
Part 
II. Petricoladaa (concluded), Corbiculadse. Pp. 76. 
[With an Alphabetical Index to the two parts.] 1854, 
12mo. 6rf. 

BRACHIOPODA. 

Catalogue of Brachiopoda Ancylopoda or Lamp Shells in the Collection 
of the British Museum. Pp. iv., 128, 25 Woodcuts. [With 
an Alphabetical Index.] 1853, 12mo. 3$. 

8 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 
POLYZOA. 

Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Paitlll. Cyclostomata. By George Busk, F.R.S. Pp. 
viii., 39. 38 Plates. [With a Systematic Index.] 1875, 8vo. 5A\ 

CRUSTACEA. 

Catalogue of Crustacea in the Collection of the Britibh Museum. 
Part I. Leucosiadoe. By Thomas Bell, V.P.R.S., Pres. L.S., &c. 
Pp. iv., 24. 1855, 8vo. 6d. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Aniphipodous Crustacea in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By C. Spence Bate, F.R.S., &c. 
Pp. iv., 399. 58 Plates. [Alphabetical Index.] 1862, 8vo. 

II. 5s. 
INSECTS. 

Coleopterous Insects. 

Nomenclature of Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of the 
British Museum;— 
Part VI. Passalidae. By Frederick Smith. Pp. 23. With 
Plate and Index. 1852, 12mo. 8d. 
Part VII. Longicornia, I. By Adam White. Pp. iv., 174. 
4 Plates. 1853, 12mo. 2s. 6d. 
Part VIII. Longicornia, II. By Adam White. Pp. 237. 
6 Plates. 1855, 12mo. 3s. 6d. 
Part IX. Cassidida^. By Charles H. Boheman, Professor of 
Natural History, Stockholm. Pp. 225. [With Index.] 
1856, 12mo. 35. 

Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of Madeira in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By T. Vernon Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. 
Pp. xvL, 234. Plate. [With a Topographical Catalogue and 
Alphabetical Index.] 1857, 8vo. 3s. 

Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of the Canaries in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By T, Vernon Wollaston, M.A., 

F.L.S. Pp. xiii., 648. [With Topographical and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1864, 8vo. 10*. 6d. 
List of the Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Part I. Cucujidse, &c. By Frederick Smith. Pp. ii, 25. 
1851, 12mo. M. 

Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Coleoptera in the Collection 
of the British Museum, Part I. Lycidao. By Charles Owen 
Waterhouse. Pp. x., 83. 18 coloured Plates. [With Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1879, 8vo. 166". 

Catalogue 
of Halticidse in the Collection of the British Museum. 
By the Bev. Hamlet Clark, M.A., F.L.S. Physapodes and 
CEdipodes. Part I. Pp. xii., 301. Frontispiece and 9 Plates. 
1860, 8vo, 7*, 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL TITSTORY).

Catalogue of Hispidse in the Collection of the British Museum. By 
Joseph S. Baly, M.E.S., &c. Part I. Pp. x., 172. 9 Plates'. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858, Svo. 6s\ 

ID/menapterous Insects* 

Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Frederick Smith. 12mo.:— 
Parti. Andrem'djp and .Apida\ Pp. 197. G Plates. 1853, 
2s. Or/. 
Part II. Apidas. Pp. 199-165. 6 Plates. [With an 
Alphabetical [ndex.] 1854, (is. 
Part IIL Mutillida* and Pompilida* Pp. 200. 0 Plates. 
1855, tis. 
Part IV. Sphegidac, Larridie, and Crabronida\ Pp. 207-497. 
6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 185G, G.v. 
Part A". Vespidas. Pp. 147. G Plate*. [With an Alphaberical 
Index.] 1857,0.'. 
Part VI. Formicida*. Pp. 21G. 14 Plates. [With an Alpha-
helical Index.] 1858, 6s. 
Part VII. Doryliclre and Thymmke. Pp. 7G. 3 Plates. 
[Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 2s. 

Descriptions of New Species of Hymenoptcra in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By Frederick Smith. Pp. xxi., 210. [Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1879, Svo. 10s. 

List of Hymenoptera, with descriptions and figures of the Typical 
Specimens in the British Museum. Vol. I., Tenthrediimhe and 
Siricida3. By W. F. Kirby. Pp. xxviii., 450. 1G coloured 
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, Svo. 
1/. 18*. 

Dipterous Insects. 

List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection of the 

British Museum. By Francis Walker. 12mo.:— 
Part 11. Pp. 231-481. 1819, l2mo. 3*. 6d. 
Part III. Pp. 485-687. 1849, 12mo. 3.9. 
Part IV. Pp. 689-1172. [Wiih an Index to rho four pans, 

and an Index of Donors.] 1819, l2mo. Ov. 

Part VI. Supplement II. Aeroeerida3 and part of the 
family Asiiidai. By Francis Walkei. F.L.S. Pp. ii., 33150G. 
" 8 Cuts. 1854, l2mo. 3*. 

Part VII. Supplement III. Asilidre. Pp. ii., 507-775. 
J 855, 12mo. 3s. 6d. 

Lep idop tero as In sects. 

Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Ilet^rocera in the 
Collection of the British Museum:— 
Part III. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xviii., 82. 11-60 
coloured Plates. [Systematic Index.] 1879, 4to. 21 10$. 

U C;>783. A 5 

10 fJST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Illusirations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Ileterocera, &c— 

conthi ued. 

Part V. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xii., 74. 78-100 
coloured Plates. [Systematic Index.] 1881, 4to. 21. 10s. 
Part, VI. By Arthui Gardiner Butler. Pp. xv, 89. 101-120 
coloured Plates. [Systematic Index.] 1886, ko. 2/. 4s. 
Part VII. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. iv., 124. 121


138 coloured plates. [Systematic List.] 1889, 4to. 21 

Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera of the family Satyridie in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner Butler, 
F.L.S., &c. Pp. vi, 211. 5 Platen [Alphabetical Tntlex ] 
1SG8, 8vo. o$. Gd. 

Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera described by Fabricius in the 
Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner Batler, 
F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 303. 3 Plates. 1869, 8\o. 75. Gd. 

Specimen of a Catalogue of Lyeamidas in the British Museum. By 

W. C. Hewitson. Pp. 15. 8 coloured Plates. 1862, 4to. 1/. Is. 
List of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. 
Parti. Papiliondire. By G. R. Gray, F.L.S. Pp.106. [Alphabetical 
Index.] 1856, I2mo. 2s. 

List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of 

the British Museum. By Francis Walker. 12mo. : — 
Part 111. Lepidoptera Heterocera. Pp. 582-775. ] 855. 3s. 
Part IV. • Pp. 776-976. 1855. 3*. 
PartY. Pp. 977-1257. 1855. 4,9. 
PartVL pP-1258-1505.1855. 3A.6tf. 
Part VII. Pp. 1508-1808. [With 

an Alphabetical Index to Parts I.-VIL] 1856. Is. Gd, 
Part IX. Noetui'lae. Pp.252. 1856. 4*. 
PartX. Pp. 253-191. 1856. 3s. Gd. 
Part XL Pp. 492-764. 1857. 3.9. Gd. 
Pan XII. Pp. 765-982. 1857. 3s. Gd. 
Part XIV. Pp. 1237-1519. 1858. 4*. Gd. 
Part XV. Px>. 1520-1888. [With an Alnha


betieal Index to Parts IX.-XV.] 1858. 4.9. Gd. 
Part XVI. Deltoides. Pp. 253. 1858. 3*. Gd. 
Part XVII. Pyralites. Pp. 254-508. 1859. 3 v. Gd. 
PaitXIX. Pp. 799-1036. [With an Alpha^ 

betical Index tc Parts XVI. -XTX.] 1859. 3,?. Gd. 
Part XX, Geometrites. Pp. 1-276. 1860. 4s. 
Part XXL Pp. 277-498. 1860. 35. 
Part XXII. Pp. 499-755. 1861. 3s. Gd. 
Part XX11T. Pp. 756-1020. 1861. 3.9. Gd. 
Part XXIV. Pp. 1021-1280. 1862. 3*. Gd. 
Part XXV. Pp. 1281-1477. 1862. 3s. 
Part XXVI. Pp. 1478-1796. [With an Alpha


betical Index to Parts XX.-XXVL] 1862. 45. Gd. 
Part XXVII. Crambites and Tortricites. Pp. 1-286. 1863. 4s . 
Part XXVIII. Tortricites and Tineites. Pp. 287-561. 

1863. 4.9. 

BKITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTOKY).

List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects, <&c.—continued. 
Fart XXIX. Tineites. Pp. 562-835. 1864. 4*. 
Part XXX. Pp. 836-1096. [With an Alphabetical 
Index to Parts XXVIL-XXX.] 1864. 4s. 
Part XXXI. Supplement. Pp. 1-321. 1864. 5s. 
PartXXXIL — Part 2. Pp. 322-706. 1865. 

5s. 

PartXXXIIL Part 3. Pp. 707-1120. 1865, 

6s. 

Part XXXIV. Part 4. Pp. 1121-1533. 1865. 
5$. 6d. 
Part XXXV. Part 5. Pp. 1534-20-10. [With 
an Alphabetical Index to Parts XXXI.-XXXV.l 1866, 

Is. 

Neuropierous Insects. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the Collection 
of the British Museum:— 

Part I. (Phryganides—Perlides.) By Francis Walker. 
Pp. iv., 192. 1852, 12mo. 2s. 6d. 
Part II. Sialidas—Xemopterides. By Francis Walker. 
Pp. ii., 193-476. 1853, 12mo. 3s. 6d. 

Pari; III. Termitidse—Ephemeridse. By Francis Walker. 
Pp. ii., 477-585. 1853, 12mo. 1*. 6d. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By Dr. H. Hagen. Part I. Termitina. 
Pp. 34. 1858, 12mo. 6d. 

Orthoptewus Insects. 

Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British 
Museum. Part I. Phasmida). By John Obadiah Westwood, 
F.L.S., &c. Pp. 195. 48 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 
1859, 4to. 31. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Blattarise in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., <&c. Pp. 239. 
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1868, 8vo. 5s. 6d. 

Catalogue of tlie Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria and Supplement 
to the Blattaria3 in the Collection of the British Museum. 
Gryliidse. Blattaxiae. Loeustida). By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. 
Pp. 224. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 8vo. 5s. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection 
of the British Museum :—• 

Part II. Locustidse (continued). By Francis Walker, P.L.S., 
&c. Pp. 225-423. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 
8vo. 4s. 6d. 

 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria, &c.—continued. 
Fart III. Locustiche (continued). Acridiclse. By Francis 
Walker, F.L.S., <fcc. Pp. 425-604. [With an Alphabetical 
Index.] 1870, 8vo. 4s. 
Fart IV. Acrididss (continued). By Francis Walker, F.L.S., 
&c. Pp. 605-809. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 
8vo. 6s. 
Fart V. Tettigidae. Supplement to the Catalogue of Blattaria?; 
Supplement to the Catalogue of Dermaptera Sanatoria 
; and a description of the Geographical Distribution 
of Dermaptera. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 811850; 
43, 116. [With Alphabetical Indexes.] 1870, 8vo. 

6s. 

Hemipterous Insects. 

Catalogue of the Specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptera in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S , &c 
8vo. :— 

Fart I. Scutate. Pp. 240. 1867, 5s. 
Part II. Scutata (continued). Pp. 241-417. 1867, 4s. 
Part III. Pp. 418-599. [With an Alphabetical Index to 


Parts I., II., III., and Summary of Geographical Distribu


tion of the Species mentioned.] 1868, 4s. 6d. 
Part IV. Pp.211. [Alphabetical Index.] 1871, Svo. 6s 
PartV. Pp.202. 1 1872, 8vo. 5s. 
Part VI. Pp.210. 1873, Svo. 5s. 
Part VIL Pp.213. 1873, Svo. 6*. 
PartVIII.Pp.220. • 1873, Svo. 6s. 6r/. 

Homopterous Insects. 

List of the Specimens of Homopterous Insects in the Collection of the 

British Museum. By Francis Walker:— 
Part I. Pp. 260. 1850, 12mo. 3s. 6cl 
Part II. Pp. 261-637. 1851, 12mo. 6s. 
Part IV. Pp. ix., 909-1188. 8 Plates. [Alphabetical Index 

to the four parts.] 1852, 12mo. 4s. 
Supplement. Pp. ii., 369. [Alphabetical Index.] 1858,12mo. 
4,9. 6d. 

VERMES. 

Catalogue of the Species of Entozoa, or Intestinal Worms, contained 
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Baird. Pp. iv., 

132. 2 Plates. [With an Index of the Animals in which the 
Entozoa mentioned in the Catalogue are found; and an Index of 
Genera and Species.] 1853, 12mo. 2s. 
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

ANTHOZOA. 

Catalogue of Sea-pens or Pennatulariida^ in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. Iv., 40. 
2 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. Is. 6d. 

Catalogue of Lithophytes or Stony Corals in the Collection of the 
British Museum. By J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv., 51. 
14 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. 3s. 

BRITISH ANIMALS. 

Catalogue of British Birds in the Collection of the British Museum. 
By George Robert Gray, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c. Pp. xii., 248. List 
of Species. 1863, 8vo. 3s. 6d. 

Catalogue of British Hymenoptera in the Collection of the British 
Museum. By Frederick Smith, M.E.S. Second Edition. Part I. 
Andrenidse and Apidas. [Catalogue of British Bees.—New Issue.] 
Pp. xi., 236. 11 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical 
Indexes.] 1891, 8vo. 6*. 

Catalogue of British Fossorial Hymenoptera, Formicidao, and 
Vesptass in the Collection of the British Museum. By Frederick 
Smith, Y.P.E.S. Pp. 236. 6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical 
Index.] 1858, 12mo. tfo. 

A Catalogue of the British N on -parasitical Worms in the Collection 
of the British Museum. By George Johnston, M.D., Edin., 

F.R.C.L. Ed., LL.D. Marischal Coll. Aberdeen, &c Pp. 365, 
Woodcuts and 24 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1865, 
8vo. 7-5. 
List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection of the 
British Museum ; with Synonyma and References to figures. 
12mo. :— 

Part 
V. Lepidoptera. By J. F. Stephens. 1850. 2nd 
Edition. 1856, 12mo. ls.9d. 
Part VIL Mollusca, Acephala, and Brachiopoda. By Dr. 

J. E. Gray. 1851, 12mo. 3s, 6d. 
Part XI. Anoplura or Parasitic Insects. By H. Denny. 
1852. Is. 
Part XIII. Nomenclature of Hymenoptera. By Frederick 
Smith. Pp. iL, 74. 1853, 12mo. Is, id. 
Part XIV. Nomenclature of Neuroptera. By Adam White. 
Pp. ii., 16. 1853, 12mo. 6d. 
Part 
XV. Nomenclature of Diptera, I. By Adam White 
Pp. ii., 42. 1853, 12mo. Is. 

PLANTS. 

List of British Diatomaceae in the Collection of the British Museum. 
Bv the Rev. W. Smith. F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 55. 1859, 12mo. Is. 

14 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

FOSSILS. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Mammalia in the British Museum (Natural 
History). By Eichard Lydekker, B.A., F.G.S. :— 

Part I. Containing the Orders Primates. Chiroptera, Inseetivora, 
Carnivora, and Rodentia. Pp. xxx., 268. 33 
Woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 
1885, 8vo. 5s. 

Part II. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder Artiodactyla. 
Pp. xxii., 324. 39 Woodcuts. [With Systematic 
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 6s. 

Part III. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborders Perisbodactyla, 
Toxodontia, Condylarthra, and Amblypoda. 
Pp. xvi., 186. 30 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, 
and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, including 
Synonyms.] 1886, Svo. -Is. 

Part IV. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder Proboscidea. 
Pp. xxiv., 233. 32 Woodcuts. [With Systematic 
Index and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, 
including Synonyms.] 1887, Svo. 5s. 

Part V. Containing the Group Tillodontia, the Orders Sirenia, 
Cetacea, Edentata, Marsupialia, Monotremata, and 
Supplement Pp. xxxv., 345. 55 Woodcuts. [With 
Systematic Index and Alphabetical Index of Genera and 
Species, including Synonyms.] 1887, Svo. 6s. 

Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Fossil Peptilia of South 
Afiica in the Collection of the British Museum. By Pichard 
Owen, C.B., F.R.S., &c. Pp. xiL, 88. 70 Plates. [With a 
Tabular view of the Fossiliferous strata of the earth.] 1876, 
4to. 81. 3s. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British 
Museum (Natural History). By Eichard Lydekker, B.A., 

F.G.S. :— 
Part I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, 
Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocepbalia, and Proterosauria. 
Pp. xxviii.> 309. 69 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index 
and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, including 
Synonyms.] 1888, 8vo. Vs. 6d. 
Part II. Containing the Orders Ichthyopterygia and Sauropterygia. 
Pp. xxi., 307. 85 Woodcuts. [With Systematic 
Index and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, 
including Synonyms.] 1889, Svo. 7s. 6d. 
Part III. Containing the Order Cheionia. Pp. xviiL, 239. 
53 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index and Alphabetical 
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 
1889, 8vo. 7$. 6d. 
Part [V. Containing the Orders Anomodontia, Bcaudata, 
Can data, and Labyrinthodontia ; and Supplement. Pp. 
xxiii., 295. 66 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, 
Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, including 
Synonyms, and Aplhabetical Index of Genera and Species 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 15 

Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the .British Museum (Natural 
History). By Arthur Smith Woodward, F.GKS., F.Z.S. :— 

Part I. Containing the Blasmobranchii. Pp. xlvfL, 474. 
13 "Woodcuts and 17 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, 
and Systematic Index of Genera and Species.] 1889, 8vo. 

21s. 

Part II. Containing the Elasmobranchii (Acanthodii), Holocephali, 
Ichthyodorulites, Ostracodermi, Dipnoi, and Teleostomi 
(Crossopterygii and Chondrostean Actinoptervgii). 
Pp. xliv., 567. 58 Woodcuts and 16 Plates. [With Alphabetical 
Index, and Systematic Index of G-enera and Species.] 
1891, 8vo. 21*. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Cephalopoda in the British Museum 
(Natural History). By Arthur H. Foord, F.G.S. :— 

Part I. Containing part of the Suborder Nautiloidea, consisting 
of the families Orthoceratidse, Endoceratidge, Actinoceratidse, 
Gomphoceratidas, Ascoceratidas, Poterioceratidre, 
Cyrtoceratidas, and Supplement. Pp. xxxi., 344. 51 
Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical 
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888, 
8vo. 10*. 6d. 

Part II. Containing the rest of the Suborder Nautiloidea, 
consisting of the families Lituitidse, Trochoceratidas, 
Nautilidse, and Supplement. Pp. xxviii., 407. 86 Woodcuts. 
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of 
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1891, 8vo. 

A Catalogue of British Fossil Crustacea, with their Synonyms and 
the Eange in Time of each Genus and Order. By Henry Woodward, 
F.E.S. Pp. xii., 155. [With an Alphabetical Index,] 
1877, 8vo. 5s. 

Catalogue of the Blastoidea in the Geological Department of the 
British Museum (Natural History), with an account of the morphology 
and systematic position of the group, and a revision of the 
genera and species. (Illustrated by 20 plates, &c.) By Robert 
Etheridge, jun., of the Department of Geology, British Museum 
(Natural History), and P. Herbert Carpenter, D.Sc, F.R.S., 

F.L.S. (of Eton College). [With a preface by Dr. H. Woodward, 
Table of Contents, General Index, Explanation of the Plates, &c] 
Pp. xv., 322. 1886, 4to. 25s. 
Catalogue of the Fossil Sponges in the Geological Department o£ the 
British Museum (Natural History). With descriptions of new 
and little-known species. By G-eorge Jennings Hinde, Ph.D., 
F.G-.S. Pp. viii., 248. 38 Plates. [With a Tabular List of 
Species, arranged in Zoological and Stratigraphical sequence, and 
an Alphabetical Index.] 1883, 4to. 1/. 10s. 

Catalogue of the Fossil Foraminif era in the British Museum (Natural 
History). By Professor T. Rupert Jones, F.R.S., <fcc. Pp. xxiv., 

100. [With Geographical and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, 
8vo. 5s, 
16 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE 

Catalogue of the Palaeozoic Plants in the Department of Geology 
and Paleontology, British Museum (Natural History). By 
Robert Kidston, F.G.S. Pp. via., 288. [With a list of works 
quoted, and an Index.] I886r Svo. 5s. 

GUIDE-BOOKS. 

(To be obtained only at the Museum.) 

A General Guide to the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell 
Road, London, S.W. [By W. H. Flower.] With 2 Plans, 
2 views of the building, and an illustrated cover. Pp. 7o. 1889, 
8vo. Zd. 

Guide to the Galleries of Mammalia (Mammalian, Osteological, 
Cetacean) in the Department of Zoology o£ the British Museum 
(Natural History). [By A. Gunther.] 3rd Edition. Pp. 125. 
57 Woodcuts and 2 Plans. Index. 1887, 8vo. 4zd. 

A Guide to the Gould Collection of Humming Birds, British 
Museum (Natural History). [By A. Giiuther.] 5th Edition. 
Pp. 22. With Map showing the distribution of Humming Birds. 
1889, 8vo. 2d. 

Guide to the Gallery of Reptilia in the Department of Zoology of 
the British Museum (Natural History). [By A. Gunther.] 2nd 
Edition. Pp. 30. 22 Woodcuts and 1 Plan. 1886, Svo. 2d. 

Guide to the Galleries of Reptiles and Fishes in the Department of 
Zoology of the British Museum (Natural History). [By A. 
Gunther.] 2nd Edition. Pp. iv., 119. 101 Woodcuts and 1 
Plan. Index. 1888, Svo. 6d. 

Guide to the Shell and Starfish Galleries (Mollusca, Echinodermata, 
Vermes), in the Department of Zoology of the British Museum 
(Natural History). [By A. Giinther.] 2nd Edition. Pp.iv., 74. 
51 Woodcuts and 1 Plan. 1888, 8vo. 4d. 

A Guide to the Exhibition Galleries of the Department of Geology 
and Paleontology in the British Museum (Natural History), 
Cromwell Road, London, S.W. [By Henry Woodward. ~New 
Edition.]-— 

Part L Fossil Mammals and Birds. Pp. xii., 103. 119 
Woodcuts and 1 Plan. 1890, Svo. 6d. 
Part II, Fossil Reptiles, Fishes, and Invertebrates. Pp. xii.? 

109. 94 Woodcuts and 1 Plan. 1890, 8vo. 6d. 
Guide to the Collection of Fossil Fishes in the Department of 
Geology and Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural History), 
Cromwell Road, South Kensington. [By Henry Woodward.] 2nd 
Edition. Pp. 51. 81 Woodcuts. Index. 1888, 8vo. 4d. 

A Guide to the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural 
History). [By L. Fletcher.] Pp. 32. Plan. 1889, 8vo. Id. 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

ALL Introduction to the Study of Minerals, with a Guide to the 
Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell 
Road, S.W. [By L. Fletcher.] Pp. 120. Diagrams. 
Plan of the Mineral Gallery. Index. 1889, 8vo. 6d. 

The Student's Index to the Collection of Minerals, British Museum 
(Natural History). New Edition. Pp. 27. With a plan of the 
Mineral Gallery. 1890, 8vo. 2d. 

An Introduction to the Study of Meteorites, with a List of the 
Meteorites represented in the Collection. [By L. Fletcher.] 
[With a Plan of the Mineral Gallery, and an Index to the 
Meteorites represented in the Collection.] Pp.91. 1890, 8vo. 3d. 

W. II. FLOWER, 
Director. 

British Museum 
(Natural History), 
Cromwell Eoad, 
London, S.W. 


February 28th, 1891. 

LONDON: Printed by EYRE and SPOTTISWOODE, 
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty. 
For Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 
[21159.—1250.— 2/91.] 

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